My in B mn Thit b in

My in
My in ng b
My in B mn Thit b in
Gii thiu
My in ng b l my in AC c dy qun kch t c
cp ngun DC ngoi, dy qun kch t qun trn rotor to ra
t trng rotor
Rotor ca my pht c ko bi mt ngun c bn ngoi,
do s to ra t trng quay trong my. T trng quay ny
s cm ng ra sc in ng trong dy qun stator
ng c ng b thc hin qui trnh ngc li vi my pht.
Tc rotor bng vi tc t trng quay (tc ng b)
My in B mn Thit b in
Phn loi
My in ng b:
My pht:
-Thy in: n thp (50-300 vng/pht), s cc ln ng knh my ln
Thng c ch to theo kiu cc li v t nm ng.
-Nhit in: n ln (~3600 vng/pht), s cc nh ng knh my nh,
chiu di ln C kt cu theo kiu cc n v t nm ngang.
ng c: dng vi ti khng i hi thay i tc , thng ch to theo
kiu cc li.
My b ng b: dng pht cng sut phn khng (ng c chy khng
ti ch kch t)
My in B mn Thit b in
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
Rotor cc li (salient pole)
Stator gm nhiu l thp k
thut in ghp li, trn c cc
rnh t trong n dy qun ba
pha phn ng
Rotor c cc cc li qun
dy qun kch t DC
Dng kch t c cp thng
qua vnh trt v chi than
(vnh trt gn trn trc rotor)
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
Rotor cc li (salient pole)
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
Rotor cc n (non-salient pole)
Stator mang dy qun phn
ng
Rotor lm bng thp khi
hnh tr, c rnh t dy qun
kch t, phn khng c rnh
hnh thnh mt cc t.
Dng kch t c cp thng
qua vnh trt v chi than
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
Rotor cc n
My in B mn Thit b in
Stator
Rotor
Dy ni
Bearing
Cun dy stator
Cun dy rotor
V my ,phn tn nhit
Trc
Cu to
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
Rnh
Dy qun
u dy qun
Li thp
My in B mn Thit b in
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
My in B mn Thit b in
My in B mn Thit b in
Cu to
My in B mn Thit b in
Kch t DC
Kch t cho my: kch t bng ngun DC
1. Dng my pht in DC gn ng trc (my cng sut
ln)
2. Dng b ngun chnh lu, b ngun DC bn ngoi
thng qua chi than v hai vnh trt (my cng sut
nh)
3. Kch t khng chi than
My in B mn Thit b in
Kch t khng chi than
Kch t khng chi than l mt my pht AC nh vi mch
kch t nm trn stator v mch phn ng nm trn rotor
Dng 3 pha c chnh lu v cp ngun cho mch kch t
ca b kch t (trn stator)
u ra ca mch phn ng ca b kch t (rotor) c
chnh lu v cp ngun kch t cho my pht ng b
Mt b kch t nh pilot exciter (my pht AC) vi rotor
nam chm vnh cu c gn trn rotor v dy qun 3 pha
nm trn stator cp ngun cho b kch t khng chi than
My in B mn Thit b in
S khi ca my pht cng
sut ln
B kch t
khng chi than
B kch t pilot
My pht ng b
My in B mn Thit b in
Nguyn l hot ng
Dng DC c a vo rotor to t thng bin thin trong
khe h khng kh
Khi cho rotor quay vi tc n th t trng cc t s qut
qua dy qun phn ng v cm ng trong s AC c tn s
f = (nP/120) vi P l s cc ca my
Cc s cm ng lch pha nhau 120
0
(do dy qun b
tr lch nhau 120
0
trong khng gian)
Kh my ni ti dng in 3 pha i xng lch
nhau 120
0
trong dy qun phn ng t trng quay
vi tc n
1
= 120f/P n=n
1
: my in ng b
My in B mn Thit b in
T trng trong my ng b
T trng trong my ng b l do t trng stator
v rotor sinh ra.
Nu khng c dng in trong dq stator, t trng
trong my l t trng do dy qun kch t qun trn
cc t rotor sinh ra.
T trng do dng ti ba pha sinh ra t trng quay,
tc dng ln t trng cc t gi l phn ng phn
ng.
My in B mn Thit b in
T trng trong my ng b
T trng do dy qun kch t to ra s c dng khc
nhau i vi my cc li v my cc n.
- My cc t li: t trng do
dy qun kch t ti khe h cc
t c dng phn b hnh sin.
- My cc t n: t trng do
dy qun kch t ti khe h cc
t c dng phn b hnh thang.
My in B mn Thit b in
T trng trong my ng b
T trng do dng ti ba pha sinh ra t trng quay,
tc dng ln t trng cc t gi l phn ng phn
ng. nh hng phn ng phn ng ph thuc vo
gc lch pha gia dng phn ng v s khng ti.
Ti tr: t trng phn ng phn ng vung pha vi t
trng kch t phn ng phn ng ngang trc
Ti cm: t trng phn ng phn ng kh bt t trng
kch t (ngc chiu) phn ng phn ng dc trc kh t
Ti dung: t trng phn ng phn ng lm tng t trng
kch t (cng chiu) phn ng phn ng dc trc tr t
My in B mn Thit b in
Mch tng ng
Xt my cc t n: xt trn 1 pha dy qun phn ng
E
f
: s cm ng trn dq phn ng do t trng kch t to ra
E
a
: s cm ng trn dq phn ng do t trng phn ng to ra
E

: s cm ng trn dq phn ng do t trng tn to ra

Phng trnh cn bng in p:
f a E E E U R I o =

vi du +: my pht
-: ng c
a
a
E jX I =

E jX I o
o
=

X
a
: in khng ca dq phn ng trn mt pha
X

: in khng tn ca dq phn ng trn mt pha

My in B mn Thit b in
Mch tng ng
Xt my cc t n: xt trn 1 pha dy qun phn ng
Phng trnh cn bng in p trong trng hp my pht:
( ) f
a
f
db
E U R I j X X I
E U R I jX I
o
= + + +
= + +


X
b
: in khng ng b ca dq phn ng trn mt pha

f
db
E U R I jX I =

Phng trnh cn bng in p trong trng hp ng c:
My in B mn Thit b in
R
jX
b
I
U
E
f
E
f
U
I

I R
I X
b
Mch tng ng
f
db
E U R I jX I = + +

: gc cng sut (gc ti), = (U, E
f
)
My in B mn Thit b in
Mch tng ng
Xt my cc t li: xt trn 1 pha dy qun phn ng
E

: s cm ng trn dq phn ng do t trng tn to ra, c chia thnh 2

thnh phn dc trc E
d
v ngang trc E
q
E
a
: s cm ng trn dq phn ng do t trng phn ng to ra, c chia
thnh 2 thnh phn dc trc E
ad
v ngang trc E
aq
Phng trnh cn bng in p:
f ad aq E E E E U R I o
| |
=
|
\ .

vi du +: my pht
-: ng c
ad
ad d
E jX I =

aq
aq q
E jX I =

X
ad
: in khng dc trc ca dq phn ng trn mt pha
X
aq
: in khng ngang trc ca dq phn ng trn mt pha
My in B mn Thit b in
Mch tng ng
Xt my cc t li: xt trn 1 pha dy qun phn ng
Phng trnh cn bng in p trong trng hp my pht:
( ) ( )
f
ad d d aq q q
f
d d q q
E U R I j X X I j X X I
E U R I jX I jX I
o o
= + + + + +
= + + +


X
d
: in khng ng b dc trc ca dq phn ng trn mt pha
X
q
: in khng ng b ngang trc ca dq phn ng trn mt pha

My in B mn Thit b in
Mch tng ng
: gc cng sut (gc ti), = (U, E
f
)
( ) ( )
f
ad d d aq q q
f
d d q q
E U R I j X X I j X X I
E U R I jX I jX I
o o
= + + + + +
= + + +

My in B mn Thit b in
Cn bng nng lng
P
1
(c)
P
2
(in)
p
c
p
ph
p
kt
p
Cu
+ p
Fe
P
t
P
1
(in)
P
2
(c)
p
c
p
ph
p
kt
p
Cu
+ p
Fe
P
t
My
pht
ng c
My in B mn Thit b in
Cng sut
3 os
d d
P U I c =
Cng sut in
Hiu sut
2 2
1 2
P P
P P p
q = =
+ A
Tng tn hao p = p
c
+ p
ph
+ p
kt
+ p
Fe
+ p
Cu
P Te =
Moment
My in B mn Thit b in
c tnh gc cng sut my cc t
n
sin cos
f db
E X I u =
Nu X
b
>> R, in tr phn ng c th b qua
E
f
U
I

I X
b
2
3 os
d d
P U I c =

2
3
3 os sin
f
db
UE
P UIc
X
u = =
P()

My in B mn Thit b in
c tnh gc cng sut my cc t
li
os
sin
f
d
d
q
q
E Uc
I
X
U
I
X
u
u

=
=
Nu X
d
, X
q
>> R, in tr phn ng c th b qua
2
3 os 3 os( - ) P UIc UIc u = =

2
2
3 sin
3 1 1
sin 2
2
f
d q d
UE
U
P
X X X
u
u
| |
=
|
|
\ .

U
u =

My in B mn Thit b in
c tnh khng ti
H mch phn ng, iu chnh tng dn dng kch t
E
f
= f(I
kt
)
Tn hao trong th nghim khng
ti: tn hao c (ma st, qut gi)
v tn hao st (ph thuc t thng)
p
0
= p
c
+ p
Fe
Tn hao c xc nh bng cch
cho my chy khng ti v khng
kch t p
0
= p
c
E
f
I
kt
My in B mn Thit b in
c tnh ngn mch
Ngn mch dy qun phn ng. iu chnh dng kch t
dng phn ng khng qu ln
I
n
= f(I
kt
)
p
n
= p
c
+ 3I
2
n
R R
E
f
I
kt
f
db
E U R I jX I = + +

Nu X
b
>> R, ngn mch U = 0
f
db
E jX I =

f
db
E
X
I
=
I
n
My in B mn Thit b in
c tnh hnh V
Quan h gia I v I
kt
khi U khng i, I = f(I
kt
)
I = f(I
kt
) I
I
kt
i vi ng c ng b:
Nu I
kt
tng E
f
tng I gim
v cos tng ln 1
Nu tip tc tng I
kt
I tng v
cos sm pha
c tnh V ca my pht
Trng hp my pht ging vi ng
c, nhng min cos sm v tr i
li cho nhau
My in B mn Thit b in
My pht lm vic song song
m bo tnh hiu qu, lin tc v tin cy ca h thng
iu kin ghp song song:
1. in p my pht bng in p li
2. Tn s my pht bng tn s li
3. Th t pha ging nhau
4. in p my v li cng pha
Vic iu chnh dng kch t ch thay i Q ca h thng
Cng sut tc dng P c iu chnh bng cch iu chnh
ngun c s cp