LTLT

3. H THNG CU HI V BI TP CHNG NHM NIT Cu 1. Nhn bit cc dung dch sau bng PP ha hc: a) HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, H2S b) NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, (NH4)2CO3, NH4NO3. Cu 2. Ch dng thm 1 thuc th, hy nhn bit cc dung dch ring bit sau: a) HCl, NaOH, Na2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, CaCl2. b) NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, NaCl. c) Al(NO3)3, (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, NH4NO3, MgCl2, FeCl2 Cu 3. Vit cc PTP ca dy bin ho sau:
NH4Cl (NH4)2SO4 NH4NO3
(7) (4) (5) (6) (1)

N2
(2)

(10)

NaNO3

(13) (14)

NaNO2 CuO Ag

NH3

(3)

NO

(8)

NO2

(9)

HNO3

(11)

Cu(NO3)2 AgNO3

(12)

(15)

Cu 4. a) Hon thnh cc PTP sau:

(1) MnO2 + HClc Kh A (3) Na2SO3 + HCl kh C (2) FeS + HCl kh B (4) NH4HCO3 + NaOHd kh D

b) Vit cc PTP xy ra khi cho: - Kh A tc dng vi kh D. - Kh B tc dng vi kh C. - Cho kh B tc dng vi kh A trong H2O. Cu 5. Vit cc PTP sau:
(1) (2) a) Ca3(PO4)2 P Ca3P2 (7) Ag3PO4 (1) (2) b) Ca3(PO4)2 H3PO4 Ca(H2PO4)2 (3) (4) (5) PH3 P2O5 H3PO4 (6) Na3PO4

(3) +H2SO4 (4) +NH3 Ca(H2PO4)2 ? Cu 6. Cho 3 ming Al vo 3 cc ng dung dch axit nitric nng khc nhau: - cc 1 thy c kh khng mu bay ra v ho nu trong khng kh. - cc 2 thy bay ra 1 kh khng mu, khng mi, khng chy v nh hn khng kh.

LTLT
- cc 3 khng thy kh thot ra, nhng nu ly dung dch sau khi Al tan ht cho tc dng vi NaOH d thy thot ra kh mi khai. Vit cc PTP di dng phn t v dng ion. Cu 7. Hy vit PTP xy ra trong cc th nghim sau: 1. Cho vn km vo dung dch HNO3 long thu c dung dch X v hn hp kh gm N2, N2O. Nh dung dch NaOH n d vo dung dch X thy: + Thot ra kh mi khai. + Xut hin kt ta trng, sau tan dn. 2. Cho bt nhm vo dung dch hn hp gm NaNO3, NaOH un nng, thy c kh mi khai thot ra v thu c dung dch X. Dn CO2 n d vo dung dch X, thy c kt ta trng. Cu 8. Ho tan hon ton hn hp FeS2 v FeCO3 trong dung dch HNO3 c, nng c dung dch A, hn hp kh NO2 v CO2. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch BaCl 2 d c kt ta trng v dung dch B. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d c kt ta nu. Hp th ht hn hp NO 2 v CO2 bng dung dch NaOH d. Vit cc PTP xy ra. Cu 9. Trong bnh kn c 100 mol hn hp N2 v H2 c t l s mol l 1:4. To phn ng gia N2 v H2 cho ra NH3. p sut hn hp kh lc u l 200 atm v lc sau l 192 atm. Nhit trong bnh c gi khng i. a) Tnh s mol cc kh trong hn hp sau phn ng. b) Tnh hiu sut phn ng. Cu 10. A l hn hp kh gm N2, H2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 4,25. Dn hn hp A vo bnh c cht xc tc thch hp, un nng phn ng tng hp amoniac xy ra th thu c hn hp kh B c t khi so vi H 2 bng 5,3125. Tnh hiu sut ca qu trnh tng hp amoniac. Cu 11. Tnh th tch oxi dng oxi ho 7 lt NH 3, bit rng phn ng sinh ra hn hp kh A gm N2 v NO c t khi so vi O2 bng 0,9125. Bit cc th tch kh c o trong cng iu kin.

LTLT
Cu 12. Cho dung dch KOH 0,5M tc dng va vi 50 ml dung dch (NH 4)2SO4 nng 1M. Tnh th tch kh to thnh, th tch dung dch KOH phn ng v nng mol/l ca cc ion trong dung dch thu c. Cu 13. Cho 1,12 lt NH3 (ktc) qua ng ng 16 g CuO nung nng . 1. Tnh th tch kh N2 thu c 270C v 1atm. 2. Tnh khi lng CuO cn li. Cu 14.Trn 14 lt kh NO vi 15 lt khng kh. Tnh th tch kh NO 2 to thnh v th tch hn hp kh thu c. Bit VO2=1/5Vkk v cc th tch cng iu kin. Cu 15. Cho 13,44 lt kh NH3 (ktc) i qua 49 gam H3PO4 khan. Xc nh thnh phn sn phm thu c. Cu 16. un nng hn hp ca Ca v P trong bnh kn ri ha tan sn phm thu c vo lng d dung dch HCl thu c 28 lt (ktc) kh. t chy kh ny trong Oxi d, sau cho sn phm thu c tc dng vi dung dch kim to thnh 142 gam Na 2HPO4. Tnh % v khi lng trong hn hp ban u. Cu 17. a) Vit cc PTP thc hin bin ha sau: Ca3(PO4)2 H3PO4 Ca(H2PO4)2 b) Tnh khi lng dung dch H2SO4 70% dng iu ch c 468 kg Ca(H 2PO4)2 theo s trn. Bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 80%. Cu 18. Khi cho 28 gam hn hp A gm Cu v Ag vo dung dch HNO 3 c, d th sau khi phn ng kt thc ta thu c dung dch B v 10 lt kh NO 2 00C v 0,896 atm. % theo khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp A l: a. 15,62% b. 18,34% c. 20,16% Cu 19. Chia hn hp Cu v Al thnh 2 phn bng nhau : d. 22,86%

- Phn 1 cho vo HNO3 c ngui th thu c 8,96 lt kh mu nu (ktc). - Phn 2 cho vo dung dch HCl th thu c 6,72 lt kh H2(ktc). Thnh phn % khi lng ca Al trong hn hp l: a. 29,67% b. 39,76% c. 49,76% d. 59,76% Cu 20. Hn hp A c iu ch bng cch ho tan 27,9 gam hp kim gm Al, Mg vi lng va dung dch HNO3 1,25M v thu c 8,96 lt kh A (ktc) gm NO v N 2O, c t khi so H2 bng 20,25. 1. Thnh phn % theo khi lng Mg trong hp kim l:

LTLT
a. 58,39% b. 48,39% c. 38,39% 2. Th tch dung dch HNO3 dng l: d. 28,39%

a. V=2,72 lt b. V=2,96 lt c. V=3,16 lt d. V=3,96 lt Cu 21. Cho 1,35 gam hn hp Cu, Mg, Al tc dng vi HNO 3 d c hn hp X (ktc) gm 0,04 mol NO v 0,01 mol NO2. Khi lng mui nitrat to thnh l: a. m=12,41 gam b. m=11,41 gam c. m=10,41 gam d. m= 9,41 gam Cu 22. Ho tan hon ton 8,27 g hn hp gm Al2O3, Al, Fe tan trong 900 ml dung dch HNO3 nng CM thu c dung dch A v 3,36 lt kh NO duy nht. Cho dung dch KOH 1M vo dung dch A cho n khi lng kt ta khng i na th dng, thy ht 1150 ml. Lc, ra kt ta nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c 3,2 g mt cht rn. Gi tr CM l: a. CM =1,022 lt b. CM =1,122 lt c. CM =1,222 lt d.CM=1,322 lt Cu 23. Ho tan a gam kim loi M trong dung dch HNO 3 long c 16,8 lt hn hp kh X (ktc) gm 2 kh khng mu, nhng ho nu ngoi khng kh. T khi ca hn hp X so vi H2 bng 18,5. Nu s dng dung dch HNO 3 2M v ly d 25% so vi lng cn thit th th tch dung dch cn dng l: a. V=1,28 lt b. V=2,28 lt c. V=3,28 lt d.V=4,28lt Cu 24. Cho 5,56 gam hn hp A gm kim loi Fe v mt kim loi M c ho tr khng i. Chia A lm 2 phn bng nhau. Phn I ho tan ht trong dung dch HCl c 1,568 lt H2. Ho tan ht phn II trong dung dch HNO 3 long thu c 1,344 lt kh NO duy nht v khng to ra NH4NO3. Kim loi M l: a. M l Mg b. M l Fe c. M l Al d. M l Cu Cu 25. 16,8 gam phoi bo st ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian bin thnh hn hp A c khi lng m gam hn hp A gm st v cc oxit FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3. Cho A tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thy gii phng ra 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Gi tr m l: a. m=36,0 gam b. m=28,8 gam c. m=21,6 gam d.m= 14,4 gam Cu 26. Cho 5 gam hn hp Fe v Cu (cha 40% Fe) vo mt lng dung dch HNO 3 1M, khuy u cho phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c mt phn rn A nng 3,32 gam, dung dch B v V lt kh NO (ktc). Khi lng mui to thnh trong dung dch B v th tch V l: a. m=5,4 gam v V=0,448 lt c. m=5,4 gam v V=0,672 lt b. m=8,1 gam v V=0,448 lt d. m=8,1 gam v V=0,672 lt

LTLT
Cu 27. Ha tan hon ton 20 gam hn hp gm kim loi X, Y, Z bng dung dch HNO 3 thu c 1,12 lt hn hp kh A ( ktc) gm NO 2 v NO c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 18,2 v dung dch B. C cn dung dch B thu c m g mui khan (bit rng khng sinh ra mui NH4NO3) . Hi m c gi tr l bao nhiu? Cu 28. Ha tan va 6 gam hn hp A gm hai kim loi X v Y c ha tr tng ng l I, II vo dung dch hn hp hai axit (HNO 3 v H2SO4) c thu c 0,1 mol NO 2 v 0,02 mol SO2 Hi lng mui khan thu c l bao nhiu? Cu 29. Ho tan ht FeS2 bng mt lng va HNO 3 c ch c kh NO2 bay ra v c dung dch B. Cho dung dch BaCl 2 vo 1/10 dung dch B to ra 1,864 gam kt ta. Ly 1/10 dung dch B pha long bng nc thnh 4 lt dung dch C. 1. Vit cc PTP xy ra. 2. pH ca dung dch C l: a. pH=1,2. b. pH=1,6. c. pH=2,0. d. pH=2,4. Cu 30. Nhit phn 29,6 gam Mg(NO3)2 thu c 18,8 gam cht rn v hn hp kh A. Cho hn hp kh A hp th vo nc c 2 lt dung dch B. pH ca B l: a. pH=1. b. pH=1,1. c. pH=1,2. d. pH=1,3. Cu 31. Nhit phn hon ton 37,6 gam mui nitrat ca mt kim loi ho tr II thu c 16 gam oxit ca kim loi v hn hp kh. 1. Mui ca kim loi nhit phn l: a. Mg b. Fe c. Al 0 2. Th tch kh thu c 132 C v 1atm l: d. Cu

a. V=15,605 lt b. V=16,605 lt c. V=17,605 lt d.V=18,605 lt Cu 32. Cho 24 gam FeS2 v x mol Cu2S tc dng va vi dung dch HNO 3 long, thu c dung dch ch c mui sunfat v kh NO duy nht.Gi tr ca x l: A. 0,1 mol B. 0,2 mol C. 0,3 mol D. 0,4 mol.