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References: Kaaranen, Ahtiainen, Laitinen, Naghian, Niemi: UMTS Networks Architecture, Mobility and Services. Wiley 2001, Ch. 5.2 (MM states) and 10.3 (MM procedures) 3G 23.060 GPRS Service Description 3G 24.007 Mobile radio interface signaling layer 3, General aspects
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SGSN (PS mode, transitions between PMM states) MSC/VLR (CS mode, transitions between MM states) HLR (in (i home h network) t k) RNC (cell and/or URA updates) GGSN/GMSC
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3G -S G S N M M S tates
PM MDET ACHED
GPRS detach
P S D etac h
GPRS attach
P S S ignalling C onn ection R ele ase P M M -ID L E S M -A C T IV E o r IN A C T IV E P S S ignalling C onn ection E s ta blish
P S A ttach
PM MC O N N E C TE D S M -A C T IV E o r IN A C T IV E
PM M C O N N EC TED
PS Mobility Management (PMM) is independent of Session Management (SM), (SM) e.g. availability of IP address & traffic activity
PMM is independent of the number and state of PDP contexts for the subscriber In both the PMM-IDLE and the PMM-CONNECTED states, session management may or may not have activated a PDP context (assigned a dynamic IP address)
U-RNTI: U RNTI: UTRAN - Radio Network Temporary Identity Source: 3GPP 23.060-4.1.0
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Signaling Connection
No signaling connection exists (MM/PMM-IDLE state) UE has no relation to UTRAN, only to CN no data transfer paging identification by IMSI, TMSI, P-TMSI
Signaling connection exists (MM/PMM-CONNECTED state) Addressing g by y U-RNTI UE position can be known on different levels: - URA level (UTRAN registration area): URA is a specified set of cells, which can be identified on the broadcast channel (BCCH) - Cell level: Different channel types can be used for data transfer: - Common transport channels (RACH, FACH, CPCH, DSCH) - Dedicated transport channels (DCH)
Source: 3GPP 25.301-4.1.0, ch 6.2
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detached
idle
connected
none
yes
UTRAN
idle
connected
(cell_DCH, cell_FACH, cell_PCH, or URA_PCH)
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MM context release:
UMTS Networks
PS mode: d -> explicit cell update procedure Reasons for cell update cell reselection periodic cell update uplink data transmission paging g g response re-entered service area radio link failure unrecoverable RLC error
CS mode: continuous exchange of cell information o at o du during g call ca (or (o transaction) t a sact o )
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PS mode: -> > explicit URA update procedure Reasons for URA update p URA identity changes periodic URA update
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MS
new SRNS
old SRNS
new 3G-SGSN
old 3G-SGSN
GGSN
new MSC/VLR
HLR
old MSC/VLR
2. SGSN Context Response 3. Security Functions 4. SGSN Context Ack 5. SRNS Data Forward Command 6. Forward Packets 7. Forward Packets C2 8. Update PDP Context Request 8. Update PDP Context Response
9 Update Location 9. 10a. Iu Release Command 10a Iu Release Complete 10a. 10. Cancel Location Ack
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UMTS Networks
MS
new SRNS
old SRNS
new 3G-SGSN
old 3G-SGSN
GGSN
new MSC/VLR
HLR
old MSC/VLR
Reaso ons for R RA update es En ntering a new RA A Ex xpiration of period dic RA timer ...
11. Insert Subscriber Data Ack 12. Update p Location Ack 13. Location Update Request
14a. Update Location 14b Cancel Location 14b. 14c. Cancel Location Ack 14d. Insert Subscriber Data 14e. Insert Subscriber Data Ack 14f. Update Location Ack 15. Location Update Accept C2
16. Routeing Area Update Accept C3 17. Routeing Area Update Complete 18. TMSI Reallocation Complete
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update and if the MS was in PMM-IDLE state, the new SGSN sends an SGSN Context Request message (old P-TMSI, old RAI, old P-TMSI Signature) to the old SGSN to get the MM and PDP contexts for the MS. The old SGSN validates lid the h old ld P-TMSI P TMSI Si Signature and d responds d with an appropriate error cause if it does not match the value stored in the old SGSN. This should initiate the security functions in the new SGSN. If the security functions authenticate the MS correctly, y, the new SGSN shall send an SGSN Context Request (IMSI, old RAI, MS Validated) message to the old SGSN. MS Validated indicates that the new SGSN has authenticated the MS. If the old P-TMSI Signature was valid or if the new SGSN indicates that it has authenticated the MS MS, the old SGSN responds with SGSN Context Response (Cause, IMSI, MM Context, PDP contexts). If the MS is not known in the old SGSN, the old SGSN responds with an appropriate error cause. The old SGSN starts a timer. The new SGSN shall i ignore the th MS Network N t kC Capability bilit contained t i di in MM Context of SGSN Context Response only when it has previously received an MS Network Capability in the Routeing Area Request.
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11) If the RA update is an nter-SGSN nter SGSN RA Update, the HLR sends Insert Subscriber Data (IMSI, subscription data) to the new SGSN. The new SGSN validates the MS's presence in the (new) RA. If due to regional subscription restrictions the MS cannot attach to the RA, the SGSN rejects the Routeing Area Update Request with an appropriate cause, and may return an Insert Subscriber Data Ack (IMSI, SGSN Area Restricted) message to the HLR. If all checks are successful, the SGSN constructs an MM context for the MS and returns an Insert Subscriber Data Ack (IMSI) message to the HLR. 12) If the RA update is an Inter-SGSN RA Update, the HLR acknowledges the Update Location by sending Update Location Ack (IMSI) to the new SGSN. 13) If Update Type indicates combined RA/LA update with IMSI attach requested, or if the LA changed with the routeing area update, the association has to be established, and the new SGSN sends a Location Update Request (new LAI, IMSI, SGSN Number, Location Update Type) to the VLR. Location Update Type shall indicate IMSI attach if Update Type in step 1 indicated combined RA / LA update with ISI attach requested. Otherwise, Location Update Type shall indicate normal location update. p The VLR number is translated from the RAI via a table in the SGSN. The SGSN starts the location update procedure towards the new MSC/VLR upon receipt of the first Insert Subscriber Data message from the HLR in step 8). The VLR creates or updates the association with the SGSN by storing SGSN Number.
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