Cng hc Ha vi thy Sn http://thaynsthcol.violet.

vn

Ha VC HC

C tham kho t liu t mng xem li nhng chng trc . Google: thy Hong Sn ( mc Cng hc Ha vi thy Sn ), c tuyn tp thi H-C cc nm.. xem li thi TNPT cc nm.Google: thcs nguyen van troi q2 ( c tuyn tp thi TNPT, thi C- H..)

Tun 12: Bi tp n Ankan, Anken, Ankin, Ankadien

Khng c p n

Bi tp t lun: Cu 1: Vit PTPU theo s , ghi r iu kin nu c

Etilen nha P.E a. Metan axetilen vinylaxetilen buta-1,3-ien cao su Buna b. Ancol butylic butilen butan metan axetilen etilen ibrom etan c. Propen 2- Brompropan propan-2-ol 1,2 ibrompropan d. CaC2 C2H2 C4H4 C4H10 C2H4 C2H5OH C4H6 Cao su buna e/ Natri axetatmetanaxetilenetilenpolietilen f/ ButanMetanaxetilenvinyl axetilenbuta-1,3-dien cao su Buna. C2H6 C2H3Cl P.V.C CH4 C2H2 C2H4 C2H6 C2H5Cl. C4H4 C4H6 polibuta-1,3-dien (8) (7) (1) etilen etan ancol etylic 1,1-icloetan
(2)

g/

k)

(3) (4) canxi cacbua etin Bac Axetilua

(5)
(6) Vinyl clorua PVC

Cu 2: Khi t chy han tan 5,8gam mt cht hu c A cha C,H,O thu c 13,2 gam CO2 v 5,4 gam nc. Bit t khi hi ca A i vi khng kh l 2. Tm cng thc n gin v cng thc phn t ca A. Cu 3: t chy hon ton 1 hidrocacbon mch h X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 (kc) v 5,4 gam H2O. a) Tm cng thc phn t ca X b) Vit CTCT cc ng phn ca X, gi tn. Cu 4: t chy hon ton 1 hidrocacbon mch h X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (kc) v 5,4 gam H2O. a) Tm cng thc phn t ca X (2 ) Trang1

Cng hc Ha vi thy Sn http://thaynsthcol.violet.vn

b) X.

Ha VC HC

Hp th kh X vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thy c kt ta vng nht. Vit CTCT, gi tn

Cu 5: Mt hirocacbon A c t l khilng mC : mH = 8 : 1 a) Tm cng thc phn t ca A , A l cht kh b) Vit phng trnh phn ng trng hp A, bit A l ankaien lin hp Cu 6: Cho hn hp hai hirocacbon A v B vi MB MA = 24. Cho bit dB/A = 1,8. t chy hon ton V lt hn hp trn thu c 11,2 lt CO2 v 8,1g H2O a) Tnh V (ktc) b) Cn bao nhiu gam ancol etylic iu ch lng hn hp hirocacbon u, bit A l ankaien lin hp Cu 7: . t chy hon ton hirocacbon A (kh k thng), hn hp sn phm thu c CO2 chim 76,52% khi lng a. Xc nh ctpt ca A b. Xc nh ctct ca A v hon thnh cc phn ng theo s : A +Cl2, 1:1 B +dd NaOH C + H2, Ni,toc D + H2SO4, 180 A cao su Cu 8: . Vit cc phng trnh phn ng thc hin cc chuyn ho theo s CH4 axetilen vinyl axetilen 2-clo buta 1,3- ien phm trng hp 1,4 Bezen Cu 9: Vit phng trnh phn ng thc hin dy chuyn ho sau (ghi r iu kin nu c) (4) ? (5) C2H6 (2) CaCO3 (1) ? CaC2 (3) C2H2 (6) ? (7) CH2 CH n Cl Cu 10: Tch ri metan ra khi hn hp: CH4, CO2, NH3, O2 Cu 11: Cho 2,24 lt hn hp X (ktc) gm C2H2 v C2H4 i qua dung dch Br2 (d) thy khi lng bnh ng dung dch tng 2,7g a. Vit ptp b. Tnh % th tch v % khi lng mi kh trong hn hp u Cu 12: Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 ly cng s mol. Ly mt lng hn hp X cho i qua cht xc tc thch hp, nung nng thu c hn hp Y gm 4 cht. Dn hn hp Y qua bnh nc brom d thy khi lng bnh br2 tng 10,8g v thot ra 4,48 lt kh Z (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 bng 8. Tm th tch O2 (ktc) cn t chy ht hn hp kh Y Cu 13: Cho 40,8g hn hp A gm canxi cacbua v nhm cacbua tc dng vi nc thu c 16,8 lt (ktc) hn hp kh B. Gi s cancxi cacbua v nhm cacbua u tinh khit, cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.Tnh % khi lng ca hn hp A, B sn

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Cng hc Ha vi thy Sn http://thaynsthcol.violet.vn

Ha VC HC

Cu 14: Hn hp X gm hiro v axetilen c t khi so vi hiro bng 5,8 a)Tnh % th tch mi kh trong X b)Dn 1,792 lt X (ktc) qua bt Ni un nng cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp Y (ktc). Tnh t khi ca Y so vi H2 Cu 15: Hn hp kh X (k thng) gm hai ankin ng ng lin tip. Ly 14,7g. Ly 14,7g hn hp X chia lm hai phn bng nhau -Phn 1: Tc dng ht vi 48g brom -Phn 2: Dn qua dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c kt ta, ly kt ta cho vo dd HCl d thu c mt kt ta khc c khi lng 7,175g Xc nh cng thc cu to ng v gi tn A, B Cu 16: Cho 10 lt hn hp kh CH4 v C2H2 tc dng vi 10 lt H2. Sau phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 16 lt hn hp kh ( cc kh o cng k nhit v p sut). Th tch CH4 v C2H2 trc phn ng l bao nhiu? Cu 17: Hn hp X gm 1 ankin th kh v H2 c t khi so vi CH4 l 0,425. Nung nng hn hp X vi Ni phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi CH4 l 0,8. Cho Y i qua bnh Br2 d, khi lng bnh Br2 tng bao nhiu gam? Cu 18: Hn hp X gm 3 kh; CH4, C2H4, C2H2. Nu t chy ht 3,36 lt hn hp X (ktc) ri cho sn phm chy hp th vo dd nc vi trong d th thu c 24g kt ta. Cn nu ly 13,6g hn hp X cho tc dng vi lng d dd AgNO3/NH3 th thu c 38,4g kt ta. Xc nh % khi lng mi cht trong X. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton Cu 19: . (TSH-2001). Hn hp Z gm 0,15 mol CH4,; 0,09 mol C2H2; 0,2 mol H2. Nung nng hn hp Z thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y i qua dd brom d thu c hn hp kh A c KLPT trung bnh l 16. tng khi lng bnh brom l 0,82g. Tnh s mol mi cht trong A Cu 20: Hn hp kh A cha metan, axetilen, v propilen. t chy hon ton 11,0g hn hp A, thu c 12,6g H2O. Mc khc, nu ly 11,2 lt A (ktc) dn qua nc brom (d) th khi lng brom tham gia phn ng ti a l 100,0g. Xc nh % theo khi lng v theo th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp A

Bi tp trc nghim :
Cu 1: Mt hn hp X c th tch 11,2 lt (ktc), X gm 2 anken ng ng k tip nhau. Khi cho X qua nc Br2 d thy khi lng bnh Br2 tng 15,4 gam. Xc nh CTPT v s mol mi anken trong hn hp X. A. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,3 mol C3H6. B. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,2 mol C4H8. C. 0,4 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C3H6. D. 0,3 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C3H6. Cu 2: t chy mt hn hp gm nhiu hirocacbon trong cng mt dy ng ng nu ta thu c s mol H2O > s mol CO2 th CTPT chung ca dy l: A. CnHn, n 2. B. CnH2n+2, n 1 (cc gi tr n u nguyn). C. CnH2n-2, n 2. D. Tt c u sai.

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Cng hc Ha vi thy Sn http://thaynsthcol.violet.vn

Ha VC HC

Cu 3: (A) lm mt mu nu ca dung dch brom, A l cht no sau y ? A. propan. B. isopren C. etilen D. B v C u ng. Cu 4: : Dn hn hp kh A gm propan v but-1-en hp th vo dung dch brom s quan st c hin tng no sau y : A. Mu ca dung dch nht dn, khng c kh thot ra. B. Mu ca dung dch nht dn, v c kh thot ra. C. Mu ca dung dch mt hn, khng cn kh thot ra. D. Mu ca dung dch khng i. Cu 5: t chay hoan toan hn hp X gm hai ankan k tip trong day ng ng c 24,2 gam CO2 va 12,6 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t 2 ankan la: A. CH4 va C2H6. B. C2H6 va C3H8. C. C3H8 va C4H10. D. C4H10 va C5H12 Cu 6: Khi cho but-1-en tc dng vi dung dch HBr, theo qui tc Maccopnhicop sn phm no sau y l sn phm chnh ? A. CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH2Br. C. CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH3. B. CH2Br-CH2-CH2-CH2Br . D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2Br. Cu 7: Khi t chy hon ton ankin th: A. nH2O = nCO2 C. nH2O =2 nCO2 B. nH2O > nCO2 D. nH2O < nCO2

Cu 8: Cng thc cu to: CH 3 C H C H CH 2 CH 3 ng vi tn gi no sau y ? CH3 CH3 A. 2,3-imetylbutan C. 2,3-imetylpentan B. 2,3-metylpentan D. 2,3-metylbutan D. metylpropan

Cu 9: Cht no sau y l mt mu dung dch brom ? A. butan B. but-1-en C. cacbon ioxit

Cu 10: t chy hon ton 2 hirocacbon X, Y lin tip trong dy ng ng thu c 8,4 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 6,75 g H2O. X, Y thuc dy ng ng no sau y ? A. Ankan B. Ankin C. Anken D. Ankaien Cu 11: Hp cht no l ankin ? A. C2H2 B. C4H4 C. C6H6 D. C8H8 D. Etin

Cu 12: Cht no khng tc dng dung dch AgNO3/NH3 trong amoniac ? A. But-1-in B. But-2-in C. Propin

Cu 13: Khi t chy hon ton 3,60g ankan X thu c 5,60 lt kh CO2 (ktc).Cng thc phn t X l trng hp no sau y? A. C3H8 B. C5H10 C. C5H12 D. C4H10 Cu 14: Cht no sau y l ng ng ca metan? Trang4

Cng hc Ha vi thy Sn http://thaynsthcol.violet.vn

A. C2H4 B. C3H6

Ha VC HC
C. C3H8 D. C4H8

Cu 15: Kt lun no sau y l khng ng ? A Ankaien l nhng hirocacbon khng no mch h, phn t c 2 lin kt i C=C . B. Ankaien c kh nng cng hp hai phn t hiro C. Nhng hirocacbon c kh nng cng hp hai phn t hidro u thuc loi ankaien D. Nhng hirocacbon khng no mch h, phn t c 2 lin kt i C=C cch nhau mt lin kt n thuc loi ankaien lin hp Cu 16: 0,24 g cht hu c A c th tch bng 0,44 gam CO2(Cc kh o trong cng iu kin). Khi lng phn t ca A l: A. 30 C. 45 C. 24 D.26 Cu 17: Cng thc phn t no ph hp vi penten? A. C3H6 B. C5H12 C. C5H8 D. C5H10 Cu 18: Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v anken B, A c nhiu hn B mt nguyn t cacbon, A v B u th kh ( ktc). Khi cho 6,72 lt kh X (ktc) i qua nc brom d, khi lng bnh brom tng ln 2,8 gam; th tch kh cn li ch bng 2/3 th tch hn hp X ban u. CTPT ca A, B v khi lng ca hn hp X l: A. C4H10, C3H6 ; 5,8 gam. B. C3H8, C2H4 ; 5,8 gam. C. C4H10, C3H6 ; 12,8 gam. D. C3H8, C2H4 ; 11,6 gam. Cu 19: Hn hp X gm metan v 1 olefin. Cho 10,8 lt hn hp X qua dung dch brom d thy c 1 cht kh bay ra, t chy hon ton kh ny thu c 5,544 gam CO2. Thnh phn % v th tch metan v olefin trong hn hp X l: A. 26,13% v 73,87%. C. 20% v 80%. B. 36,5% v 63,5%. D. 73,9% v 26,1%.

Cu 20: Cho hirocacbon X phn ng vi brom (trong dung dch) theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c cht hu c Y (cha 74,08% Br v khi lng). Khi X phn ng vi HBr th thu c hai sn phm hu c khc nhau. Tn gi ca X l: A. but-1-en. B. but-2-en. C. Propilen. D. Xiclopropan.

CHC CC BN HC TT!

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