15-Kh CO2 tc dng vi dung dch kim-Mui cacbonat tc dng vi axit- Mui nhm tc dng vi kim.

1-Cho 5,6 lt hn hp X gm N2 v CO2 (ktc) i chm qua 5 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02 M phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 5 gam kt ta. Tnh t khi hi ca hn hp X so vi hiro. (HVNgn hng-2001tr90) 2-Ho tan 15,3 gam BaO vo nc c dung dch A. Cho 12,3 gam hn hp CaCO3 v MgCO3 ho tan ht vo dung dch HCl d th thu c kh B. Nu cho dung dch A hp th ht kh B th sau phn ng c kt ta to thnh hay khng? (H An Giang 2000tr382) 3-Trong mt bnh kn cha y 15 lt dung dch Ca(OH) 2 0,01M. Sc vo bnh lng CO2 c gi tr bin thin: 0,12CO 2n 0,26 mol. Hi khi lng cht kt ta thu c s bin thin trong khong gi tr no? (HThu li(pha nam)-2000tr235) 4-Dn t t mt lng kh CO2 vo 500ml dung dch Ca(OH) 2 0,02M, ta thu c 0,5g kt ta. Tnh th tch CO2 phn ng 27,3OC; 1atm. (HSPH Ni 2-98) 5-Cho V lt kh CO2 o 54,6OC v 2 atm hp th hon ton vo 200ml dung dch hn hp KOH 1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,75M thu c 23,64 gam kt ta. Tm V lt? (HSPtpHCM 2001tr74) 6-Ho tan hon ton 4,24 gam Na2CO3 vo nc thu c dung dch A. Cho t t tng git 20,00 gam dung dch HCl nng 9,125% vo A v khuy mnh. Tip theo cho thm vo dung dch cha 0,02 mol Ca(OH) 2. 1. Hy cho bit nhng cht g c hnh thnh v lng cc cht . Cht no trong cc cht cn li trong dung dch. 2. Nu cho t t tng git dung dch A vo 20,00 gam dung dch HCl nng 9,125% v khuy mnh, sau cho thm dung dch cha 0,02 mol Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch trn. Hy gii thch hin tng xy ra v tnh khi lng cc cht to thnh sau phn ng. Gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. (HThi Nguyn-98) 7-Cho 45 gam CaCO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl d. Ton b lng kh sinh ra c hp th trong mt cc c cha 500ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M to thnh dung dch X. 1. Tnh khi lng ca tng mui c trong dung dch X. 2.Tnh th tch dung dch H2SO4 1M cn thit tc dng vi cc cht c trong dung dch X to ra cc mui trung ho. (CSPHN98) 8-Cho 44 gam NaOH vo dung dch cha 39,2 gam axit photphoric v c cn dung dch. Hi nhng mui no c to nn v lng bao nhiu. (H Y Dc TPHCM-98) 9-Ly 8,4 gam NaOH ho tan vo nc thnh dung dch (A). Ly 4g Fe2(SO4)3 cho phn ng vi dung dch (A), sau khi kt thc phn ng li ly tip 6,84 gam Al2(SO4)3 cho vo khuy u n khi phn ng kt thc c dung dch (B) v kt ta (C). em (C) nung nhit cao n khi lng khng i c cht rn (D). 1/ (D) l cht nguyn cht hay hn hp? Nu l hn hp hy xc nh thnh phn % theo khi lng cc cht trong (D). 2/ Dung dch (B) c em pha long thnh 500 ml. Xc nh nng mol/l ca cc ion c trong dung dch. (C SPB Giang-98) 10-Ho tan hon ton mt lng natri kim loi vo nc, thu c dung dch X v a mol kh bay ra. Cho b mol kh CO2 hp th hon ton vo dung dch

66

X, c dung dch Y. Hy cho bit cc cht tan trong Y theo mi quan h gia a v b. (HVKTQS-99) 11-Cho rt t t dung dch A cha x mol HCl vo dung dch B cha y mol Na2CO3. Hy bin lun cc trng hp xy ra theo x v y. (H Thi Nguyn-99) 12-Cho dung dch NaOH 25% c khi lng ring D = 1,28 g/ml. Hi 150 ml dung dch kim c kh nng hp th c ti a bao nhiu lt kh CO 2 o ktc. (HQGHN-CB99) 13-Hy nu v gii thch bng phng trnh phn ng cc hin tng xy ra trong tng th nghim sau: a) Cho CO2 d li chm qua dch dch nc vi trong. Sau cho tip nc vi trong vo dung dch va thu c cho n d. (HKTQD-99) 14- xc nh nng mol ca Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 trong dung dch hn hp ca chng (dung dch A), ngi ta lm nh sau: -Ly 25,00 ml A, cho tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Lng HCl d c trung ho va bng 14,00 ml dung dch NaOH 2M. -Ly 25,00 ml A, cho tc dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2. Lc, b i kt ta, thu ly nc lc. Nc lc tc dng va vi 26,00 ml HCl 1M. a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b) Tnh nng mol ca mi mui trong dung dch A. (HDLng-99) 15-Cho Vml dung dch NaOH 0,5M vo 200 ml dung dch AlCl 3 0,2M. Tnh khi lng kt ta trong cc trng hp sau: a/ V = 200 ml. b/ V = 320 ml. (CKT M-CB99) 16-Ho tan hn hp gm 18,24 gam FeSO4 v 27,26 gam Al2(SO4)3 vo 200 gam dung dch H2SO4 9,8% thu c dung dch A. Cho 77,60 gam NaOH nguyn cht vo dung dch A thu c kt ta B v dung dch C. Tch kt ta B khi dung dch C. 1. Nung kt ta B ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i. Tnh m cht rn thu c. 2. Thm nc vo dung dch C, thu c dung dch D c khi lng l 400 gam. Tnh khi lng nc thm vo v nng phn trm theo khi lng cc cht tan trong dung dch D. 3.Cn thm bao nhiu ml dung dch HCl 2M vo dung dch D trn : a) c khi lng kt ta ln nht. b) c kt ta m sau khi nung n khi lng khng i, thu c cht rn nng 5,1 gam. (H Hu-99) 17-Cho 34,2 gam mui nhm sunfat nguyn cht tc dng vi 250 ml dd xt thu c 7,8 gam kt ta. Hi nng mol ca dd xt c th bng bao nhiu? (HDLVnLang-CB99) 18-Cho m gam hn hp X gm Na2O v Al2O3 lc vi nc cho phn ng hon ton thu c 200ml dung dch A ch cha mt cht tan duy nht c nng 0,5M. Thi kh CO2 d vo dung dch A c a gam kt ta. 1/ Tnh m v thnh phn % (theo khi lng) cc cht trong X. 2/ Tnh a v th tch CO2 ( ktc) phn ng. (HNNIKA-99) 19-Hn hp A gm Al vAl2O3 c t l s Al gamAl m : m = 2O 3 0,18 : 1,02.

67

Cho A tan trong dung dch NaOH (va ) thu c dung dch B v 0,672 lt H2 (ktc). Cho B tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch HCl c kt ta D. Nung D nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c 3,57 gam cht rn. 1. Tnh nng (mol/l) ca dung dch HCl. 2. Nu pha long dung dch HCl n 10 ln th pH ca dung dch sau khi pha long l bao nhiu? (HNgoithng-99) 16-Kim loi tc dng vi dung dch mui 1-Cho 1,39 gam hn hp A gm Al v Fe dng bt phn ng vi 500ml CuSO4 0,05M. Khuy k cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Sau phn ng thu c 2,16 gam cht rn B gm hai kim loi v dung dch C. 1. Cn bao nhiu ml dung dch HNO3 ho tan ht cht rn B, bit rng cc phn ng ch gii phng kh NO duy nht. 2. in phn dung dch C (in cc tr) vi cng dng in 1A, thi gian 32 pht 10 giy. Tnh khi lng kim loi thot ra catot v th tch kh (ktc) thot ra anot. (Cho bit hiu sut in phn l 100% v th t in phn catot l: Cu2+, Fe2+, H+ ). (HY Th Bnh-98) 2-Khuy k dung dch cha 13,6 gam AgNO3 v m gam bt ng ri thm tip vo dung dch H2SO4 long v un nng cho ti khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c 9,28 gam bt kim loi, dung dch A v kh NO. Lng NaOH cn thit tc dng ht vi cc cht trong A l 13 gam. Hy xc nh cc cht c trong A v tnh m. (Hc vin KTQS-98) 3-Cho 4,5g hn hp bt A gm 2 kim loi Mg v Al. Chia hn hp thnh 3 phn bng nhau: -Phn mt: Ho tan bng H2SO4 long (d) thy thot ra 1,568 lt kh H2. -Phn hai: Tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO 3 thu c V lt kh NO duy nht v cc cht khc. -Phn ba: Cho vo dung dch CuSO 4 d, lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng cho tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,5 M th c cht rn B. 1/ Tnh % theo khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A. 2/ Tnh th tch kh NO. 3/ Tnh khi lng cht rn B. (Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, cc th tch kh o ktc). (HThli98) 4-Cho 2,04 gam hn hp A gm Fe v Mg vo 200 ml dung dch CuSO 4 , n khi phn ng kt thc thu c 2,76 gam cht rn B v dung dch C. Cho dung dch C tc dng vi xt d, lc ly kt ta em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 1,8 gam cht rn D. Cht rn B cho tc dng vi Clo d, sau ly sn phm ho tan trong nc c dung dch E. in phn dung dch E vi in cc tr ti khi Ant thu c 504 ml kh ( .k.t.c). 1. Tnh thnh phn % khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A? 2. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch CuSO4 ? 3. Tnh khi lng kim loi to thnh Catt ? (H Kintrc HN-CPB-98) 5-Cho 3,0 gam hn hp A (gm Al v Mg) ho tan hon ton bng axit H2SO4 long, gii phng 3,36 lt kh H2 iu kin tiu chun v dung dch B. Cho B vo NaOH d, ly kt ta ra sch nung ti khi lng khng i c m gam cht rn. Cho 0,5 gam A tc dng vi dung dch CuSO 4 d, cui cng

68

thu cht rn to thnh cho tc dng vi HNO 3 c gii phng V lt kh mu nu ktc. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. 2. Tnh thnh phn % KL mi cht trong A. Tnh m v V. (H Nng nghip 1-Khi A-98) 6-Cho m1 gam hn hp gm Fe, Mg tc dng va vi V ml dung dch HCl 0,5M thu c 4,48 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch A. Chia dung dch A lm hai phn bng nhau. Phn I tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu kt ta, nhit phn kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 5,6 gam cht rn. 1. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp u. 2. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl (V). Phn II nhng thanh Zn vo cho n khi phn ng kt thc, ly thanh km ra thu dd B. 1. Tnh khi lng cc mui khan trong dung dch B. 2. Tnh khi lng thanh km kh sau phn ng tng hay gim bao nhiu gam ? (Cho bit kim loi c gii phng ra bm ln thanh km). (C K Ngh TPHCM-98) 7-Cho 9,10 gam bt km vo mt dung dch cha hn hp hai mui tan gm c AgNO3 0,1 mol v Hg(NO3)2 0,1 mol. Phn ng xy ra hon ton. a) Vit phng trnh phn ng tun t xy ra (dng ion thu gn) c gii thch. b) Tm khi lng cht rn thu c. (HDLVnLang-99) 8-Cho hn hp Mg v Cu tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch cha hn hp hai mui AgNO3 0,3M v Cu(NO3)2 0,25 M. Sau khi phn ng xong, c dung dch A v cht rn B. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, lc ly kt ta em nung n khi lng khng i c 3,6 gam hn hp hai oxit. Ho tan hon ton B trong H2SO4 c, nng c 2,016 lt kh SO2 ( ktc). Tnh khi lng Mg v Cu trong hn hp ban u. (HCngon-2001tr150) 9-Ly 21,44 gam hn hp hai kim loi Fe, Cu cho vo 2 lt dung dch AgNO3. Sau mt thi gian nhn c dung dch A v 1,68 gam cht rn B khng tan trong dung dch. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi NaOH d, lc kt ta, em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i th nhn c 25,6 gam cht rn C. Bit rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. 1. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca Fe, Cu trong hn hp ban u. 2. Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch AgNO3 dng. 3. Tnh s ml dung dch AgNO3 0,1M khi cho chng tc dng vi lng cht rn B trn th thu c cht rn c khi lng tng 2,65% so vi khi lng B ban u. (HQui Nhn-2001tr297) 10- A l dung dch AgNO3 nng a mol/l. Cho 13,8 g hn hp bt Fe v bt Cu vo 750 ml dung dch A. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c dng dch B v 37,2 g cht rn E. Cho NaOH d vo dung dch B thu c kt ta. Ly kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 12 g hn hp gm 2 oxit ca hai kim loi. 1. Tnh % khi lng hai kim loi trong hn hp ban u. 2. Tnh a ? (Cho cc phn ng xy ra hon ton; Fe + 2Ag+ = Fe2+ + 2Ag).

69

(H Thng mi-99) 11-Cho 12,88 gam hn hp magie v st kim loi vo 700 ml dung dch AgNO3. Sau khi cc phn ng hon ton, thu c cht rn C nng 48,72 gam v dung dch D. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo D, ri ly kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 14 gam cht rn. Tnh phn trm khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u v nng CM ca dung dch AgNO3 dng. (HQGHNtr16-HVNgn hng2000tr106) 12-Cho 1,58 gam hn hp A dng bt gm Mg v Fe tc dng vi 125 ml dung dch CuCl2. Khuy u hn hp, lc ra kt ta, c dung dch B v 1,92 gam cht rn C. Thm vo B mt lng d dung dch NaOH long, lc ra kt ta mi to thnh. Nung kt ta trong khng kh nhit cao, thu c 0,7 gam cht rn D gm hai oxit kim loi. Tt c cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. a.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v gii thch. b. Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong A v tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch CuCl2. (H YHN-2001-tr105) 13-Cho 4,15 gam hn hp bt Fe v Al tc dng vi 200ml dung dch CuSO4 0,525M. Khuy k hn hp cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. em lc c kt ta A gm hai kim loi c khi lng 7,84 g v dung dch nc lc B. 1. ho tan kt ta ta A cn dng t nht bao nhiu ml HNO 3 2M, bit rng phn ng gii phng ra kh NO. 2. Thm dung dch hn hp Ba(OH) 2 0,05M + NaOH 0,1M vo dung dch B. Hi cn thm bao nhiu ml hn hp dung dch kt ta hon ton hai hiroxit ca hai kim loi. Sau nu em lc, ra kt ta, nung n trong khng kh nhit cao ti khi cc hiroxit b nhit phn ht th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn. (HKTQD 2001 tr22-H Hu 2001tr135) 14-Cho 2,78 gam hn hp A gm Al v Fe dng bt vo 500 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,1M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 4,32 gam cht rn B gm hai kim loi v dung dch C. 1. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A. 2. Cho 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M vo dung dch C. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lc kt ta ra sch v nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn D . Tnh khi lng ca cht rn D. (HHng c 2000tr389) 15-Mt dung dch cha 3,2 gam CuSO4 v 6,24 gam CdSO4. Cho thanh km 65 gam vo dung dch. Sau khi phn ng hon tt, tt c kim loi thot ra u bm vo thanh kim loi. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Hi khi lng sau cng ca thanh kim loi bng bao nhiu? ( HDLVn Lang2001tr254) 16-Cho m gam bt Al vo 500ml dung dch A cha Ag 2SO4 v CuSO4 mt thi gian, thu c 3,33 gam cht rn B v dung dch C. Chia B lm hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn th nht vo dung dch NaOH d thy thot ra 1.512 lt H2 (ktc). Ho tan phn th hai trong dung dch HNO 3 long d thu 1,455 gam kh NO duy nht. Thm HCl d vo dung dch C khng thy xut hin kt ta, thu c dung dch D. Nhng mt thanh st vo dung dch D cho n khi dung dch ht mu xanh v lng kh H2 thot ra l 0,448 lt (ktc) th nhc thanh st ra, thy khi lng thanh st gim i 1,072 gam so vi

70

ban u (kim loi gii phng ra bm hon ton trn thanh st). Tnh m v nng ca tng mui trong dung dch A. (HVKTQS-2001tr320) 17-Cho 2,24 gam bt Fe vo 200 ml dung dch hn hp gm AgNO 3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M, khuy u ti phn ng hon ton, thu c cht rn A v dung dch B. a) Tnh s gam cht rn A. b) Tnh nng mol ca cc cht c trong dung dch B. c) Cho dung dch amoniac n d vo dung dch B, khuy u phn ng xy ra hon ton, c kt ta C. Lc ly kt ta C, ra sch v nung n khi lng khng i c m gam cht rn. Tnh m. d)Ho tan hon ton cht rn A bng dung dch HNO 3 () th thu c mt kh mu nu duy nht bay ra. Tnh th tch kh iu kin tiu chun. (HDLPng2000-tr336) 18-Cho 11,2 gam Fe tc dng vi 500ml dung dch gm hai cht Cu(NO 3)2 0,04M v AgNO3 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lc tch cht rn A v thu c dung dch B. 1. Tnh khi lng ca A. 2. Xc nh nng mol/lt ca dung dch B, bit rng th tch dung dch sau phn ng vn khng thay i. 3. Ho tan cht rn A vo dung dch HNO 3 c ngui thy thot ra mt kh mu nu duy nht. Tnh th tch kh ny iu kin tiu chun. (HDLDuy Tn2001tr307) 19-Cho hn hp bt kim loi Fe v Mg (c s mol bng nhau) vo dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp hai kim loi nng 2,48 gam trong c 1,92 gam Cu. Tnh s mol Fe v Mg dng. (HDLTn c Thng2001tr309) 20-Cho a gam bt st vo 200ml dung dch X gm hn hp hai mui l AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2. Phn ng xong, thu c 3,44 gam cht rn B v dung dch C. Tch B ri cho dung dch C tc dng vi NaOH d, thu c 3,68 gam kt ta hai hiroxit kim loi. Nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c 3,2 gam cht rn. 1. Xc nh a. 2. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc mui trong dung dch X. (CSPHN2001-tr267) 21-Lc 0,81g bt nhm trong 200ml dung dch cha AgNO 3v Cu(NO3)2 mt thi gian, thu c cht rn A v dung dch B. Cho A tc dng vi NaOH d thu c 100,8ml kh hiro (o ktc) v cn li 6,012g hn hp 2 kim loi. Cho B tc dng vi NaOH d, c kt ta, nung n khi lng khng i thu c 1,6g mt oxit. Tnh nng CM (mol/lt) ca AgNO3v Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch u. (HBK-99) 22-Cho hn hp Y gm 2,8 gam Fe v 0,81 gam Al vo 200 mililt dung dch C cha AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2. Khi phn ng kt thc, thu c dung dch D v 8,12 gam cht rn E gm 3 kim loi. Cho cht rn E tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thu c 0,672 lt kh H2 (ktc). Tnh nng mol ca Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3 trong dung dch C. (HYdcTPHCM-99) 23- 3,78 gam bt Al phn ng va vi dung dch mui XCl 3 to thnh dung dch Y. Khi lng cht tan trong dung dch Y gim 4,06 gam so vi dung dch XCl3. Xc nh cng thc ca mui XCl3.

71

Cho dung dch Y tc dng vi NaOH d, sau sc kh CO 2 vo cho n khi phn ng kt thc th thu c m gam cht kt ta. Vit phng trnh cc phn ng v tnh m. (HQGtpHCM-98) 24-C mt dung dch mui clorua kim loi. Cho mt tm Fe nng 10 gam vo 100 ml dung dch trn; phn ng xong khi lng tm kim loi l 10,1 gam. Li b mt tm Caimi Cd 10 gam vo 100 ml dung dch mi mui clorua kim loi trn; phn ng xong, khi lng tm kim loi l 9,4 gam. a) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b) nh tn clorua kim loi, bit rng nguyn t khi kim loi nh hn 96 vC. c) Nng mol dung dch mui clorua kim loi. (HDLVLang-99) 25-Nhng hai thanh kim loi R c cng khi lng vo hai dung dch: Dung dch 1 cha CuCl2, dung dch 2 cha CdCl2. Hai dung dch c cng th tch v nng mol bng nhau. Sau mt thi gian, ly thanh kim loi ra, nhn thy tm 1 khi lng thanh kim loi tng 1,2%, tm 2 khi lng thanh kim loi tng 8,4%. S mol mi mui trong hai dung dch gim nh nhau v ton b cht thot ra u bm ln thanh kim loi. a) Vit phng trnh phn ng dng ion thu gn. b) nh nguyn t khi, tn ca R. Cho bit: Al=27; Fe=56; Zn=65; Cu=64; Ag= 108; Cd = 112; Hg= 201. (HDLVnLang-99) 26-Cho m gam hn hp X gm Fe, Cu tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 c nng d thu 15,456 lt NO2 bay ra v dung dch Y. Thm nc vo dung dch Y cho n 400ml, ri chia hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: Cho tc dng NaOH d thu c 13,905 gam kt ta. Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp X. Phn 2: un nng ui ht HNO3 d ri nhng thanh st vo cho n khi phn ng kt thc. a)Tnh lng Cu bm vo thanh st. b) Tnh nng (mol/lt) ca dung dch sau khi ly thanh st ra, xem th tch dung dch khng i. Th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. (CKNtpHCM2001-tr272) 27-Ho tan hon ton 7,5 g hn hp X cha hai kim loi Al, Mg dng bt nguyn cht vo dung dch HCl va , thu c 7,84 lt kh v dung dch A. 1. Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong X. 2. Cho lng d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch A. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh lng kt ta to thnh. 3. Ly 3,75 gam hn hp X cho tc dng vi dung dch CuSO 4 d. Cho cht rn sinh ra tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 d, thu c kh NO2 duy nht. Xc nh th tch NO2. Cho bit cc kh u o iu kin tiu chun. (HDLDuy Tn2000tr343) 28-Cho 5,6 gam bt st sch vo mt cc A cha 100ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 0,5M (d = 1,15 g/ml). Khuy k cho n khi phn ng hon ton. Thm dung dch H2SO4 20% (d = 1,143 g/ml) vo cc A li thy phn ng xy ra (c bt kh bay ln). Tip tc thm t t axit v khuy k cho n khi phn ng hon ton ch thu c dung dch B v mt kh C duy nht khng mu, d dng ho nu trong khng kh. Li thm t t dung dch NaOH 10% (d=1,115 g/ml) vo cc A cho n khi thy lng kt ta khng

72

thay i na th thu c dung dch D v hn hp kt ta E. Thu ly hn hp kt ta E, ra sch, nung nhit cao cho n khi lng khng i, thu c hn hp cht rn F. a) Kh C l kh g? b) Vit tt c cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra gii thch qu trnh th nghim? c)Tnh nng mol cc ion c trong dung dch D? (Coi s thu phn l khng ng k, khng cn tnh nng cc ion H+ v OH do nc sinh ra). d) Tnh khi lng cht rn F thu c? Cho rng trong qu trnh phn ng c thu c hn hp gm mt kh nu trn v H 2. Hi khi kt thc phn ng c H2SO4 tham gia, trong dung dch c cn d ion NO3 hay khng? Ti sao? (HVQHQuc t-2000tr380) 29-Ho tan hon ton hn hp 3 kim loi Zn, Cu v Ag vo 500 ml dung dch HNO3 a mol/l, thu c 1,344 lt kh A( .k.t.c) ho nu trong khng kh v dung dch B. 1. Ly 1/2 dung dch B cho tc dng vi dung dch NaCl d c 2,1525 gam kt ta v dung dch C. Cho dung dch C tc dng vi NaOH n d c kt ta D. Nung D nhit cao n khi lng khng i c 1,8 gam cht rn. Tnh s gam mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u. 2. Nu cho m gam bt Cu vo 1/2 dung dch B khuy u cho phn ng hon ton c 0,168 lt kh A( ktc), 1,99 gam cht rn khng tan v dung dch E. Tnh m? Tnh a mol/l? Tnh nng mi loi ion trong dung dch E. Bit th tch dung dch coi nh khng i. (HKtrcHN-99) 30-Cho 4,72 g hn hp bt Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3 tc dng vi CO d nhit cao. Phn ng xong thu c 3,92 g Fe. Nu ngm cng mt lng hn hp trn trong dd CuSO4 d, phn ng xong thu c 4,96 g cht rn. Xc nh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ban u. (HYHN-99) 31-Nung nng m gam hn hp A gm Fe v Fe 2O3 vi mt lung kh CO (d) sau phn ng thu c 25,2 gam st. Nu ngm m gam A trong dung dch CuSO4 d, thu c phn rn B c khi lng (m+2)gam. Hiu sut cc phn ng u t 100%. a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b) Tnh phn trm khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp A. (HDLNNTin hctpHCM2001-tr233) 32-1) Ho tan mt hn hp gm 0,01 mol Fe + 0,02 mol Fe 2O3 trong dung dch c cha 0,14 mol HCl thu c dung dch A. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4 d c axit ho bng dung dch H2SO4 long thu c kh B. a) Vit phng trnh phn ng dng ion. b) Tnh th tch kh B 25oC v 1 atm. Cho: Tnh oxi ho Fe3+ > H+ ; tnh kh H > Fe2+. (HAnninh97-tr48) 2) A l mt hn hp gm c: Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 . a/ Cho dng kh CO d i qua 5,60 gam hn hp A nung nng thu c 4,48 gam st. Mt khc khi ho tan 5,60 gam hn hp A vo dung dch CuSO4 d thu c 5,84 gam cht rn. Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A.

73

b/ Ly dung dch HCl 8% (d=1,039 g/ml) ho tan va 5,60 gam hn hp A, ta c mt dung dch, cho dung dch ny tc dng vi lng va dung dch AgNO3 thu c kt ta D. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl dng v khi lng kt ta D. Cho bit: Tnh xi ho ca ion Fe3+ mnh hn ion H+ v tnh kh ca nguyn t H mnh hn ion Fe 2+. Gi thit cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. (H Thi Nguyn-99) 33-Cho 16,08 gam hn hp A gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 long va thu c V lt kh H2, dung dch X v v cht khng tan. Cng hn hp cho tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 c nng d thu 7,728 lt SO2 v dung dch Y. a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b) Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A v tnh th tch kh H 2 iu kin tiu chun (V lt)? 2. Nhng thanh kim loi M c ho tr +II vo dung dch X cho n khi phn ng kt thc th khi lng thanh kim loi M tng ln 4,8 gam. Tnh khi lng nguyn t M? Cho bit kim loi thot ra bm trn thanh kim loi M. (Cho bit cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun). (CKnghDL-99) 34-Ho tan hn hp X gm 11,2 gam kim loi M v 69,6 gam oxit M xOy ca kim loi trong 2 lt dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch A v 4,48 lt H2 (ktc). Nu cng ho tan hn hp X trong 2 lt dung dch HNO 3 th c dung dch B v 6,72 lt kh NO (ktc). Xc nh M, M xOy v nng mol ca cc cht trong dung dch A v B ( coi th tch dung dch khng i trong qu trnh phn ng). (HYdc tpHCM-99) 35-Mt loi mui Al2(SO4)3 ln cc tp cht FeSO4 , Fe2(SO4)3 v CuSO4. Ho tan 36,708 g mui ny vo nc, chia dung dch lm 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 phn ng va vi 9ml dung dch KMnO4 0,1M khi c mt H2SO4 d. Ngm mt mu st kim loi vo phn 2 n phn ng hon ton, khi lng mu st gim i 0,0396g. Dung dch thu c phn ng va vi 42 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,1M khi c mt H2SO4 d. 1. Tnh phn trm khi lng tng tp cht trong mu mui trn. 2. Tnh lng NaOH ti thiu ch kt ta ht cc tp cht st v ng di dng hiroxit. (HSPVinh-99) 36-Cho X l hn hp ca 3 cht gm kim loi M, oxit v mui sunfat ca kim loi M. Bit M c ho tr 2 khng i trong cc hp cht. Chia 29,6 gam X thnh 2 phn bng nhau: + Phn 1 em ho tan trong dung dch H 2SO4 long, d thu c dung dch A, kh B. Lng kh B ny va kh ht 16 gam CuO. Sau cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch KOH d n khi kt thc phn ng thu c kt ta C. Nung C n khi lng khng i thu c 14 gam cht rn. + Phn 2 cho tc dng vi 200ml dung dch CuSO 4 1,5M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, tch b cht rn, c cn phn dung dch th thu c 46 gam mui khan. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. 2. Xc nh kim loi M. 3. Tnh phn trm khi lng cc cht trong X. Cho Be =9; Mg =24; Ca =40; Ba =137; O =16; S =32; Cu=64; H=1; K=39. (HSPQui Nhn-99)

74

37-Chia 4,5 gam hn hp A gm Al, Fe, Cu thnh 2 phn bng nhau (phn 1 v phn 2). 1. em phn 1 ho tan vo dung dch HCl d, kt thc phn ng thu c 1344 ml kh (o ktc) v cn li 0,6 gam cht rn khng tan. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A. 2. em phn 2 cho tc dng vi 1200ml mt dung dch cha AgNO 3 0,08M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M. Phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn B v dung dch C. Coi th tch cht rn khng ng k v th tch dung dch khng thay i. Tnh khi lng cht rn B v nng mol ca mi ion trong dung dch C. (H Hng hi-2001tr285) 17-Xc nh thnh phn hn hp 1-Mt hn hp A gm 3 kim loi dng bt l Al, Mg v Ag. Cho m gam A tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch H 2SO4 long ( va ) thu c 2,128 lt kh B, dung dch C v phn khng tan D. Ly phn khng tan D tc dng ht vi HNO3 c nng, thu c 0,224 lt kh mu nu bay ra. Cho dung dch C tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch NaOH 0,2M thu c kt ta, ly kt ta ra sch ri nung n khi lng khng i thu c 2 gam cht rn. Cho bit cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. a) Tnh phn trm khi lng cc kim loi trong hn hp A. b) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch H2SO4 dng. c) Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH cn thit tc dng vi dung dch C cho kt ta ln nht. (H Duy Tn-98) 2-Cho hn hp 3 cht bt Mg, Al v Al2O3 . Ly 9 gam hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thy sinh ra 3,36 lt kh hiro. Mt khc nu cng ly 9 gam hn hp trn cho tc dng va vi dung dch HCl th thu c 7,84 lt kh hiro (cc kh u o iu kin tiu chun). a.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh th nghim? b.Tnh s gam mi cht trong hn hp. (H Thu sn-98) 3-Cho 31,2 gam hn hp bt Al v Al 2O3 tc dng vi NaOH d thu c 16,8 lt H2 ( 0OC v 0,8 atm). Hy cho bit: a) S gam mi cht trong hn hp. b) Th tch dung dch NaOH 4M dng, bit rng ngi ta dng d 10 ml so vi th tch cn dng. (HY H Ni-98) 4-C 5,32 g hn hp bt Al, Fe, Cu. Chia hn hp ra lm hai phn bng nhau: Phn 1 cho vo 60 g dung dch HCl 7,3%, thu c dung dch A, cht rn B v 1,008 lt H2 (ktc). Ly cht rn B cho vo dung dch HNO 3 c d, thu c 0,696 lt NO2 (ktc). Phn 2 cho vo 100 ml dung dch NaOH 0,15M. Thu c V lt kh H2 27,3OC v 745 mmHg. 1. Hy xc nh khi lng ca tng kim loi trong hn hp ban u. 2. Tnh nng phn trm ca cc cht tan trong dung dch A. 3. Tnh V. Cho cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. (H SPQui Nhn-98) 5-Nu cho 18 gam hn hp A gm Mg, Al v Al 2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th sinh ra 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nu cng cho cng mt lng hn hp nh trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th sinh ra 13,44 lt kh H2 (ktc). 1. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

75

2. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca tng cht trong hn hp ban u. (H Lt-98) 6-Cho 5,2 gam hn hp A gm Al, Fe, Cu tc dng vi 20 ml dung dch NaOH 6M thu c 2,688 lt kh (ktc), dung dch v phn khng tan B. Cho B tc dng ht vi HNO 3 long thu c dung dch C v 1,12 lt kh NO (ktc). Cho dung dch C tc dng vi NaOH d to kt ta D. Nung D nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn E. 1. Tnh phn trm khi lng cc kim loi trong A. 2.Tnh khi lng cht rn E. Cho bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. (H Nng-98) 7-Trong mt bnh kn cha y khng kh (c 20% th tch O 2 v 80% th tch N2 ) cng vi 21,16 gam hn hp cht rn A gm MgCO 3 v FeCO3. Nung bnh n phn ng hon ton c hn hp cht rn B v hn hp kh D. Ho tan B va ht 200 ml dung dch HNO 3 nng 2,7M v thu c 0,01 mol kh NO. 1. Hy tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A. 2. Tnh p sut ca kh trong bnh sau khi nung 136,5OC. Cho bit dung tch ca bnh l 10 lt v th tch cht rn khng ng k. (H M HN-98) 8-( b) 9-Trong cng nghip HNO3 c iu ch theo s : NH3 NO NO2 HNO3. 1. Nu ly 17 kg NH3 th iu ch c bao nhiu lt dung dch HNO3 46,85% ( d = 1,29 gam/ml), bit hiu sut ca qu trnh iu ch l 90%. 2. Nu ly a gam dung dch HNO 3 trn, thm nc c 1,9 lt dung dch HNO3 long (dung dch D). Nu cho 13,5 gam Al tc dng va vi 1,9 lt dung dch D thu c hn hp kh gm NO v N 2O c t khi so vi H 2 bng 19,2. a) Tnh s mol mi kh thu c. b) Tnh nng mol/lt ca HNO3 trong dung dch D. c) Tnh a. (HYHN-98) 10-Ho tan hon ton mt lng hn hp A gm Fe3O4 v FeS2 trong 63g dung dch HNO3 theo cc phn ng: Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + H2O FeS2 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + H2SO4 + H2O Th tch kh NO2 thot ra l 1,568 lt (o ktc). Dung dch thu c cho tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M, lc kt ta em nung n khi lng khng i, c 9,76 g cht rn. Tnh s gam mi cht trong A v nng % ca dung dch HNO 3 (gi thit HNO3 khng b mt do bay hi trong qu trnh phn ng). (HBK-99) 11-Cho m gam hn hp 3 kim loi Al, Fe, Cu vo 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1,2M. Sau phn ng thu c dung dch A v 1,344 lt kh o iu kin 0OC v p sut 2 atm. Cho tip 100 ml dung dch HCl 4M vo dung dch A. Phn ng kt thc, c dung dch B v cht rn C gm hai kim loi c khi lng 2,08 gam. Nu cho cht rn C tc dng vi HNO 3 long d th c 0,672 lt NO ( ktc). 1/ Vit phng trnh cc phn ng ho hc xy ra.

76

2/ Xc nh s mol cc kim loi trong C v gi tr m. (HNNI-99) 12-Hn hp Y gm 3 kim loi Na, Al, Fe c nghin nh, trn u. Chia Y thnh 3 phn bng nhau: - Ho tan phn mt trong 0,5 lt dung dch HCl 1,2M sinh ra 5,04 lt kh v dung dch A. - Ho tan hon ton phn hai bng dung dch NaOH (d) sinh ra 3,92 lt kh. - Cn phn ba cho tc dng vi H2O (d) sinh ra 2,24 lt kh. 1/ Tnh s gam mi kim loi trong hn hp Y. 2/ Cho dung dch A tc dng vi 300ml dung dch KOH 2M. Thu ly kt ta, ra sch ri nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i th c a gam cht rn. Tnh khi lng a. (Cc th tch trong bi u o iu kin tiu chun). (H Th li-99) 13-Ho tan 2,16 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Na, Al, Fe vo nc d, thu c 0,448 lt kh ( ktc) v cn li mt lng cht rn. Cho lng cht rn ny tc dng ht vi 60ml dung dch CuSO 4 1M thu c 3,2 gam Cu kim loi v dung dch A. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NH 3 thu c kt ta. Nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c cht rn B. 1. Xc nh khi lng tng kim loi trong hn hp ban u. 2. Tnh khi lng cht rn B. (HYHiPhng-99) 14-Ho tan 2,16 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Na, Al, Fe vo nc (ly d), thu c 0,448 lt kh (ktc) v mt lng cht rn. Tch lng cht rn ny cho tc dng ht vi 60 ml dung dch CuSO 4 1M thu c 3,2 gam ng kim loiv dung dch A. Tch dung dch A cho tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH thu c kt ta ln nht. Nung kt ta thu c trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c cht rn B. 1. Xc nh khi lng tng kim loi trong hn hp ban u. 2. Tnh khi lng cht rn B. (HHu-2000tr315) 15-C hn hp A cha cc cht Al , Mg , Al2O3 . Ly 20,1 gam hn hp A cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, sau khi phn ng xong thu c 6,72 lt kh H2 (ktc). Mt khc nu ho tan ht 20,1 gam hn hp A vo V ml dung dch HCl 1M th thu c 15,68 lt kh H2 (ktc) v dung dch B. Cn phi dng ht 299 ml dung dch KOH 1M mi trung ho ht lng axit cn d trong dung dch B. 1. Tm s gam mi cht c trong hn hp A ? 2. Tnh V ? (H Lm nghip-99) 16-Khi cho 17,40 gam hp kim Y gm st, ng, nhm phn ng ht vi H2SO4 long, d ta c dung dch A; 6,40 gam cht rn; 9,856 lt kh B 27,3OC v 1 at. a) Tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hp kim Y. b) Hy tnh nng cc cht trong dung dch A, bit rng H 2SO4 dng c nng 2M v c ly d 10% so vi lng cn thit phn ng (th tch dung dch khng thay i trong th nghim). (HKTQD-99) 17-Cho 1,92 gam hn hp gm Cu, Zn v Mg tc dng vi axit HCl va . Phn ng sinh ra 0,03 mol mt cht kh v mt dung dch A. Cho vo dung dch A mt lng NaOH n d th thu c mt kt ta. Sau khi lc, ra

77

v nung nhit cao th thu c 0,8 gam mt cht rn tan mnh trong nc. Hy xc nh khi lng v thnh phn % ca hn hp. (CKTKTCNI-99) 18-Cho m gam hn hp A gm Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 tc dng va vi dung dch HCl thu c dung dch B. Chia dung dch B thnh hai phn bng nhau: Phn 1: Cho tc dng va vi 0,224 lt kh Clo (o iu kin tiu chun). Phn 2: Cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th thu c kt ta, lc, ra, nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 6,4 gam cht rn. a/ Tnh m. b/ Tnh % theo khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp. (CKTM-99) 19-Nhit phn hon ton 29,78 gam hn hp gm 2 mui Al(NO 3)3 v AgNO3 ngi ta thu c 8,4 lt hn hp kh ( ktc) v cht rn A gm mt oxit kim loi v mt kim loi. 1/ Tnh phn trm khi lng mi mui trong hn hp u. 2/ Tnh khi lng dung dch NaOH 4M (d = 1,15 g/ml) c th ho tan ti a lng cht rn trong A. (CSPBcGiang-99) 20-Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm FeS2 v Cu2S vo H2SO4 c nng, thu c dung dch A v kh SO2. Hp th ht SO2 vo 1 lt dung dc KOH 1M thu c dung dch B. Cho 1/2 lng dung dch A tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch NH3, ly kt ta nung n khi lng khng i thu c 3,2 gam cht rn. Cho dung dch NaOH d vo 1/2 lng dung dch A. Ly kt ta nung n khi lng khng i, sau thi hyr (d) i qua cht rn cn li, sau khi phn ng hon ton thu c 1,62 gam hi nc. 1) Tnh m. 2) Tnh s gam cc mui c trong dung dch B. (BCVT-99) 21-Cho a gam hn hp bt Zn v Cu (Zn chim 90% v khi lng) tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c kh H2. Lng kh H2 ny va phn ng hon ton vi b gam mt oxit st t trong mt ng s nung . Hi nc thot ra t ng s cho hp th hon ton vo 150 gam dung dch H 2SO4 98% thu c dung dch H2SO4 c nng nh hn nng ca axit ban u l 14,95% (dung dch C). phn ng hon ton vi 5,65% khi lng cht rn sn phm c trong ng s cn dng 20 gam dung dch C un nng, c SO2 thot ra. 1. Tnh a v b. 2. Dng 150g dung dch C c th ho tan ht b gam oxit st khng? (HAn ninh-99) 22-Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp bt gm Fe3O4 v FeCO3 trong dung dch HNO3 d (un nng), thu c 3,36 lt hn hp A gm 2 kh ( ktc) v dung dch B. T khi hi ca A so vi hiro bng 22,6. Tnh m. (HVKTQS-99) 23-Ho tan hon ton 1,64 gam hn hp A gm Al v Fe trong 250ml dung dch HCl 1M c dung dch B. Thm 100 gam dung dch NaOH 12% vo B, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lc ly kt ta thu c v em nung kt ta ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i th c 0,8 gam

78

cht rn. Tnh thnh phn % theo khi lng mi kim loi trong A. (HVKTQS99) 24-Cho mt bnh kn dung tch 112 lt trong cha N 2 v H2 theo t l th tch 1: 4 0OC v p sut 200 atm vi mt t cht xc tc thch hp. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, sau a nhit v 0OC thy p sut trong bnh gim i 10% so vi p sut ban u. 1. Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng iu ch NH3. 2. Nu ly 12% lng NH3 to thnh c th iu ch c bao nhiu lt dung dch NH3 25% (d = 0,907 g/ml)? 3. Nu ly 50% lng NH3 to thnh c th iu ch c bao nhiu lt dung dch HNO3 67% (d = 1,40 g/ml), bit hiu sut qu trnh iu ch HNO3 l 80%. 4. Ly mt th tch dung dch HNO3 67% trn pha long bng nc c dung dch mi, dung dch ny ho tan va 9 gam Al v gii phng hn hp kh NO v N2O c t khi so vi H2 l 16,75. Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 67% dng. (HDcHN-99) 25- trung ho hon ton 50 ml hn hp X gm HCl v H 2SO4 cn dng 20 ml NaOH 0,3M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ho thu c 0,381 gam hn hp mui (kh). a) Hy tnh nng mol ca mi axit trong hn hp X. b) Tnh pH ca hn hp X, nu coi H2SO4 phn li hon ton thnh ion. c) Tnh s gam ti a ca hn hp Cu-Mg cha 20% Mg c th ho tan hon ton trong 150 ml dung dch X. (HTLong-99) 26-Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp ba kim loi bng dung dch HNO 3 thu c V lt hn hp kh D (ktc) gm NO 2 v NO. T khi ca D so vi hiro bng 18,2. 1. Tnh tng s gam mui khan to thnh theo V. Bit rng khng sinh ra mui NH4NO3. 2. Cho V = 1,12 lt. Tnh th tch ti thiu dung dch HNO3 37,8% (d = 1,242 g/ml) dng. (HNNI-2000tr216) 27-C mt cc ng a gam dung dch cha HNO 3 v H2SO4. Ho tan ht 4,8 gam hn hp 2 kim loi M, N (c ho tr khng i) vo dung dch trong cc th thu c 2,1504 lt (ktc) hn hp 2 kh NO2 v A. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A, bit rng sau phn ng khi lng cc cht cha trong cc tng thm 0,096 gam so vi a. 2. Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c. 3. Khi t l s mol HNO 3 v H2SO4 trong dung dch thay i th th tch kh (ktc) thot ra s thay i trong khong gii hn no? (gi nguyn thnh phn v khi lng 2 kim loi trong hn hp). (HYThiBnh-99) 28-Ho tan 6,25 g hn hp gm Zn v Al vo 275 ml dung dch HNO 3, thu c dung dch A, cht rn B gm cc kim loi cha tan ht cn nng 2,516g v 1,12 lt hn hp kh D ( ktc) gm NO v N 2O. Hn hp kh D c t khi hi so vi H2 l 16,75. 1.Hi khi c cn dung dch A th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan. 2.Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HNO3 ban u. (CGTVT-99) 29-Cho hn hp A gm 3 kim loi X, Y, Z c ho tr ln lt l 3, 2, 1 v t l mol ln lt l 1 : 2 : 3; trong s s mol ca X bng x (mol). Ho tan hon ton A bng dung dch c cha y (gam) HNO 3 (ly d 25%). Sau

79

phn ng thu c dung dch B khng cha NH 4NO3 v V lt hn hp kh G (ktc) gm NO2 v NO. Lp biu thc tnh y theo x v V. (HQGtpHCMt199) 30-Ho tan 63,8 gam hn hp BaCl2 v CaCl2 vo 500 gam H2O thu c dung dch A. Thm 500 ml dung dch Na2CO3 1,4M vo dung dch A, sau phn ng thu c 59,4 gam kt ta v dung dch B. 1/ Tnh nng % ca mi mui trong dung dch A. 2/ Thm vo dung dch B mt lng va dung dch HCl 0,5M (d=1,05g/ml) thu c dung dch C. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,5M dng v nng % ca mui trong dung dch C. (HDLPhg-99) 31-Mt hn hp X gm V (lt) O 2, 2,5V (lt) hn hp gm N2 v H2. t chy X ri a v iu kin nhit v p sut ban u ca X th th tch hn hp kh cn li l 0,5V (lt). Gi s ch c phn ng gia H2 v O2, lng hi nc cn li khng ng k. Tnh xem th tch H 2 ban u chim khong bao nhiu (lt). (HHhiMN-99) 32-Cho hn hp A gm Al, Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, ta thu c 7,84 lt H2 (o ktc), dung dch B v cht khng tan C. Nung C trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, ta thu c 8 gam cht rn D. Cho dung dch B vo dung dch KOH d, ta thu c kt ta E. Nung E trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, ta thu c 16 gam cht rn G. Tnh khi lng tng kim loi trong hn hp A. (HLt-99) 33-Ho tan m gam hn hp magie v nhm trong H 2SO4 c, nng. Thm NaOH d vo dung dch to thnh th c dung dch A v kt ta B. Cho NH4Cl d vo dung dch A v un nng th c kt ta C sau khi lm kh ri nung n khi lng khng i c cht rn c khi lng 1,250 gam. Nung kt ta B c cht rn c khi lng 1,750 gam. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Tnh m. (HThngLong-99) 34-Ho tan hn hp CaO v CaCO 3 bng dung dch HCl c dung dch B v 448 cm3 kh iu kin tiu chun. C cn dung dch B thu c 3,33 gam mui khan. Tnh khi lng cc cht trong hn hp u v phn trm khi lng ca chng. (HDuyTn-99) 35-C hn hp gm 3 kim loi vn nguyn cht l ng, magie, nhm c khi lng 1 gam. Cho hn hp tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c cht rn A v dung dch B. - em un nng A trong khng kh cho n khi phn ng hon ton, sn phm thu c c khi lng 0,795 gam. - Thm dung dch NaOH vo dung dch B cho n d, lc ly kt ta, ra sch, em nung nhit cao, sn phm thu c c khi lng 0,403 gam. 1. Hy vit tt c cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong cc th nghim trn? 2. Tnh thnh phn phn trm s mol ca tng kim loi c trong hn hp u. Bit cc phn ng xy ra vi hiu sut 100%. Kim loi ng c ho tri 2 trong cc hp cht. (Cho:Cu= 63,5, Mg = 24,3; Al = 27; O = 16) (HThusn-99) 36-Cho 8,32 gam hn hp A gm FeCO3 v MgCO3 vo bnh kn dung tch 1,2 lt cha khng kh (c t l VO 2 : VN2 = 1 : 4 ) 292,5OK v 1atm.

80

Nung bnh n nhit cao phn ng xy ra hon ton ta thu c hn hp cht rn B v hn hp kh C, sau a bnh v nhit ban u th p sut trong bnh l P. Lng hn hp cht rn B phn ng va vi HNO3 c trong 250 gam dung dch HNO3 5,376% thu c dung dch D v kh NO. 1. Tnh % khi lng cc cht trong A. 2. Tnh % th tch cc kh trong C. 3. Tnh P. 4. Tnh lng mui to thnh trong dung dch D v th tch kh NO (o ktc). (HNngt2-99) 37-Mt hn hp X gm c Al v Cu c tng khi lng l 2,44 gam. Cho hn hp ny vo dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (iu kin tiu chun). a) Tnh khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp X ban u. b) Nu cho 2,44 gam hn hp X phn ng vi HNO 3 c, ngui, d th thu c bao nhiu lt kh NO2 iu kin tiu chun. (HMBCHCM-99) 38-Cho p gam hn hp Al, Fe, Cu vo 200 gam dung dch HNO 3 63%. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, c dung dch A v bay ra 7,168 lt kh NO 2 27,3OC; 1,1 atm. Chia A lm 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng vi lng d dung dch NH3, thu c 3,41 gam kt ta. Phn 2 cho tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, sau khi phn ng ly kt ta em nung ti khi lng khng i, c 2,4 gam cht rn. 1. Xc nh khi lng p, tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp u. 2. Tnh nng phn trm cc cht trong dung dch A. 3. Cho ton b kh NO2 trn vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 5M c dung dch B. Tnh CM cc cht trong B (bit NO 2 tc dng vi dung dch kim to ra hn hp mui nitrat v nitrit, th tch dung dch khng i). (Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton). (HVQunY-99) 39-Cho mt lung kh CO i qua ng s nung nng ng 0,04 mol hn hp A gm FeO v Fe2O3 . Sau khi kt thc th nghim ta thu c cht rn B gm 4 cht cn nng 4,784 gam. Kh i ra khi ng s cho hp th vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d th thu c 9,062 gam kt ta. Mt khc, ho tan cht rn B bng dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 0,6272 lt kh H2 (ktc). 1. Tnh % khi lng cc oxit trong A. 2. Tnh % khi lng cc cht trong B. Bit rng trong B s mol oxit st t bng 1/3 tng s mol ca st (II) oxit v st (III) oxit. (HThuliMN-99tr362) 40-Cho a gam hn hp A gm Al, Fe, Cu tc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 long, d thu c 952 ml H2. Mt khc cho 2a gam hn hp A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thy cn li 3,52 gam kim loi khng tan. Cho 3a gam hn hp A tc dng vi 400 ml dung dch HNO 3 1,3 M thy gii phng V ml kh NO duy nht v c dung dch D. Lng axit HNO3 d trong dung dch D ho tan va ht 1 gam CaCO3. Tnh s gam ca mi kim loi trong a gam hn hp A v tnh V. Bit cc th tch o iu kin tiu chun. (HCng on-99) 41-Ho tan 5,8 gam hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v FeCO3 trong mt lng dung dch H2SO4 long d ta c dung dch Y v kh Z. Nh t t dung dch thuc tm vo dung dch Y th c hin tng g? Khi ht hin tng y th tn ht

81

160ml dung dch thuc tm 0,05M. Thu ton b kh Z cho hp th ht vo 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M th thu c m gam kt ta trng. 1. Vit phn ng xy ra. 2. Tnh phn trm khi lng cc cht trong hn hp X. 3. Tnh khi lng kt ta (m). (HDLNNTinhc-99) 42-Cho 1,92 gam ng v 100ml dung dch cha ng thi KNO 3 0,16M v H2SO4 0,4M, thy sinh ra mt cht kh c t khi hi i vi H 2 l 15 v thu c dung dch A. a) Vit phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng xy ra v tnh th tch kh sinh ra ( ktc). b) Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 0,5M ti thiu cn dng kt ta ton b Cu2+ trong dung dch A. (HQGtpHCM2000-tr42) 43-Nu cho 9,6 gam Cu tc dng vi 180 ml dung dch HNO 3 1M thu c V1 lt kh NO v dung dch A. Cn nu cho 9,6 gam Cu tc dng vi 180 ml dung dch hn hp gm HNO 3 1M v H2SO4 0,5M (long) th thu c V2 lt kh NO v dung dch B. Tnh t s V1: V2 v khi lng mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch B (bit cc th tch kh o ktc, hiu sut cc phn ng l 100%, NO l kh duy nht sinh ra trong cc phn ng). (H Thu li-2001tr160) 44-Cho 2,56 gam ng phn ng hon ton vi 25,2 gam dung dch HNO3 60% thu c dung dch A. Hy xc nh nng % cc cht trong A, bit rng nu thm 210 ml dung dch KOH 1M v A ri c cn v nung sn phm thu c n khi lng khng i th c 20,76 gam cht rn. (HVKTQS-2000tr206) 45-Cho m1 gam hn hp gm Mg v Al vo m 2 gam dung dch HNO3 24%. Sau khi cc kim loi tan ht v c 8,96 lt hn hp kh X gm NO, N 2O, N2 bay ra (ktc) v c dung dch A. Thm mt lng O2 va vo X, sau phn ng thu c hn hp kh Y. Dn Y t t qua dung dch NaOH d, c 4,48 lt hn hp kh Z i ra (ktc). T khi hi ca Z i vi H 2 bng 20. Nu cho dung dch NaOH vo A c lng kt ta ln nht th thu c 62,2 gam kt ta.. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. 2. Tnh m1, m2. Bit lng HNO3 ly d 20% so vi lng cn thit. 3. Tnh C% cc cht trong dung dch A. (HVQunY-2000tr196) 46-Hn hp A gm Al, CuO v Fe3O4. Ho tan ht a gam hn hp A vo dung dch HNO 3 long c mt s cht kh khng mu ho nu trong khng kh c th tch 12,544 lt ( ktc). Mt khc em nung khng c khng kh a gam hn hp A (gi thit ch xy ra phn ng kh cc oxit kim loi v kim loi) c cht rn B. Cht rn B cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d khng thy c kh bay ln c cht rn C c khi lng nh hn cht rn B 24,48 gam. Cho kh H2 tc dng t t vi cht rn C nung nng n khi phn ng kt thc c b gam hn hp kim loi v ht 12,096 lt H2 81,9OC v 1,3 atm. 1. Tnh phn trm v khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp A. 2. Tnh th tch SO2 ( ktc) thu c khi cho b gam hn hp kim loi trn tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng. (HKtrcHN-2000tr280)

82

47-Cho a gam bt nhm tc dng va vi dung dch HNO 3 long, thu c dung dch A v 0,1792 lt hn hp kh N2 v NO c t khi so vi hiro l 14,25. Tnh a. Cho 6,4 gam hn hp Ba, Na vo b gam nc thu c 1,344 lt H2 v dung dch B. Tnh b sao cho sau khi phn ng xong, nng ca Ba(OH) 2 trong B l 3,42%. Tnh nng phn trm ca NaOH trong B. Cho mt na lng B tc dng vi dung dch A c bao nhiu gam kt ta? Sau nu thm tip mt lng B cn li th lng kt ta l bao nhiu? (Cc th tch kh o ktc). (HCng on-2000tr296) 48-Ho tan hon ton 9,41 gam hn hp hai kim loi Al v Zn vo 530 ml dung dch HNO3 2M thu c dung dch A v 2,464 lt hn hp hai cht kh N2O v NO khng mu o iu kin tiu chun c khi lng 4,28 gam. 1. Tnh thnh phn phn trm ca mi kim loi trong 9,41 gam hn hp trn. 2. Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 2M tham gia phn ng. 3. Tnh th tch dung dch NH3 2M cho vo dung dch A : a) Thu c khi lng kt ta ln nht. b) Thu c khi lng kt ta nh nht. (CSPNh-trang2000tr354) 49-Hn hp (X) gm Fe v Fe3O4 c chia lm 2 phn bng nhau: *Phn I: Ho tan vo dung dch HNO 3 long, d thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc) v dung dch (Y). Dung dch (Y) lm mt mu va ng30 ml dung dch KMnO4 1M. *Phn II: Nung vi kh CO mt thi gian, Fe3O4 b kh thnh Fe. Cho ton b kh CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo vo bnh (Z) cha 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,6M th c m1 gam kt ta. Cho thm nc vi d vo bnh (Z) trn li c m2 gam kt ta. Bit m1 + m2 = 27,64 gam. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Tnh khi lng hn hp (X) ban u. 2. Hi c bao nhiu % Fe3O4 d b kh. (CSPtpHCM2000tr362) 50-Hn hp (hh) A gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4 trn vi nhau theo t l khi lng 7 : 3,6 : 17,4. Ho tan hon ton hh A bng dd HCl thu c dd B. Ly 1/2 dd B cho tc dng vi dd NaOH d thu c kt ta C.. Ly 1/2 dd B cho kh Cl2 i qua n khi phn ng hon ton, un nng, thm dd NaOH ti d, thu c kt ta D. Kt ta C v D c khi lng chnh lch nhau 1,7 gam. Nung kt ta D + C trong khng kh th thu c m gam cht rnE. Vit phng trnh phn ng. Tnh khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A v m. (HSPHN2-2000tr373) 51-Ho tan ht FeS2 bng mt lng va HNO3 c, ch c kh NO2 bay ra v c dd B. Cho dd BaCl2 (d) vo 1/10 dd B, thy to ra 1,864 gam kt ta. Ly 1/10 dd B pha long bng nc thnh 4 lt dd C. Vit phng trnh phn ng, tnh pH ca dd C. (HSPHN2-2000tr374) 52-C mt hn hp A gm CaCO 3, MgCO3 v Al2O3 cn nng 0,602 gam. Ho tan A vo 50 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. trung ho lng axit d cn 41,4 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Kh CO 2 thot ra khi ho tan A cho hp th vo 93,6 ml dung dch NaOH nng a% (d=1,0039g/ml), sau thm lng d BaCl2 thy to ra 0,788 gam kt ta v khi un si li to thm c 0,134 gam kt ta na. Gi tht cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Hy cho bit: a) Thnh phn % cc cht trong A.

83

b) Tnh a. (HAn ninh2000tr377) 53-Cho 19,08 gam hn hp X gm Cu, CuO, Cu(NO 3)2 tc dng va vi 360 ml dung dch HNO3 1M thu c 0,336 lt kh NO (ktc) v dung dch A. Cho 4,05 gam bt nhm vo dung dch A ri lc cho n khi phn ng xong, c cht rn B v dung dch C. Gi s cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton v th tch dung dch xem nh khng thay i. a) Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp X ban u. b) Tnh khi lng cht rn B v nng mol/lt ca dung dch C. (HAn Giang-2000tr382) 54-t nng 4,16 gam mt hn hp A gm MgO, FeO v Fe ri cho mt lung kh CO d i qua. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 3,84 gam hn hp cht rn B. Mt khc nu cho 4,16 gam hn hp A phn ng hon ton vi dung dch CuSO4 th thu c 4,32 gam hn hp cht rn D. Ho tan hon ton 4,16 gam hn hp A bng mt lng va dung dch HCl 7,3% (D = 1,05 g/ml) th thu c dung dch E v kh H2. 1. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl7,3% v th tch H2 ( ktc) 2. Tnh nng % ca cc cht c trong dung dch E. (HDL ng 2000tr387) 55-Cho 9,86 gam hn hp gm Mg v Zn vo mt cc cha 430 ml dung dch H2SO4 1 M (long). Sau khi phn ng hon ton, thm tip vo cc 1,2 lt dung dch hn hp gm Ba(OH) 2 0,05M v NaOH 0,7M, khuy u cho phn ng hon ton, ri lc ly kt ta v nung n khi lng khng i th thu c 26,08 gam cht rn. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra (i vi cc phn ng xy ra trong dung dch cn vit di dng phng trnh ion thu gn). 2. Tnh khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u. (HQGHN 2001 tr15) 56-Hn hp X dng bt gm c Al, Fe v Cu. Cho 2,55 gam X phn ng vi NaOH d, thu c 1,68 lt (ktc) kh A, dung dch B v cht rn C. Cho C tc dng vi HCl d sinh ra 0,224 lt (ktc) cht kh D, dung dch E v cht rn F. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Tnh thnh phn phn trm ca cc kim loi trong X. 2. Tnh s ml HCl 6.80 M c ly d 10% so vi lng HCl cn thit phn ng ht vi 1,28 gamX. 3. Ho tan cht rn F trong H2SO4 c, nng sinh ra cht kh lm mt mu 200 ml dung dch brom. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch brom. 4. Cho 1 gam X phn ng vi HNO3 long, nng ly d sinh ra kh duy nht NO. Tnh th tch kh thu c 27OC, p = 740 mmHg. Hiu sut cc phn ng u t 100%.(HYHi Phng 2001-tr114) 57-Cho 2,6 gam hn hp X gm Al, Fe, Cu tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 1,344 lt H2 (ktc), dung dch B v cht rn A khng tan. Ho tan cht rn A trong 300ml dung dch HNO 3 0,4M (axit d), thu c 0,56 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc) v dung dch E. Bit rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v tnh % khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp X. 2. Nu cho dung dch E tc dng vi dung dch NH 3 d th thu c ti a bao nhiu gam kt ta. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.

84

3. Nu cho dung dch E tc dng vi bt Fe c d, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c kh NO duy nht, dung dch Y v mt lng cht rn khng tan. Lc b cht rn ri c cn dung dch Y th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. (HY H Ni2000tr147) 58-Hn hp A gm cc kim loi Mg, Al, Fe. a) Xc nh thnh phn phn trm ca cc kim loi trong hn hp, bit rng 14,70 gam hn hp A khi tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, sinh ra 3,360 lt kh, cn khi tc dng vi dung dch HCl d sinh ra 10,080 lt kh v dung dch B. b) Cho dung dch B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, kt ta to thnh c ra sch v nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i. Tnh khi lng ca cht rn thu c sau khi nung. c) Cho A tc dng vi dung dch CuSO4 d, sau khi phn ng kt thc, lc ly cht rn, em ho tan ht cht rn bng dung dch HNO 3 long d thu c 26,880 lt kh NO.Tnh khi lng hn hp A. (Cc th tch o iu kin tiu chun). (HSP Vinh 2000tr134) 59-Cho m gam hn hp A gm Al, Mg, Cu. Ho tan m gam A trong dung dch NaOH d, thu c 3,36 lt H2 (ktc) v phn khng tan B. Ho tan ht B trong dung dch H2SO4 (c nng) thu c 2,24 lt SO2 (ktc) v dung dch C. Cho dung dch C phn ng vi NaOH d, thu c kt ta D. Nung kt ta D n khi lng khng i, thu c cht rn E. Cho E phn ng vi mt lng d H2 (nung nng) thu c 5,44 gam cht rn F. Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng cc cht trong A. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. (HYThi Bnh 2001-tr122) 60-Cho 7,02 gam hn hp bt kim loi gm Al, Fe, Cu vo bnh A cha dung dch HCl d, cn li cht rn B. Lng kh thot ra c dn qua mt ng cha CuO nung nng, thy lm gim khi lng ca ng i 2,72 gam. Thm vo bnh A lng d mt mui natri, un nng nh, thu c 0,896 lt (ktc) mt cht kh khng mu, ho nu trong khng kh. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra dng y v dng ion thu gn. Xc nh mui natri dng. 2. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp. 3. Tnh lng mui natri ti thiu ho tan ht cht rn B trong bnh A. (H Vinh-2001tr82) 61-Ho tan hon ton 9,5 gam hn hp gm Al 2O3, Al, Fe trong 900 ml dung dch HNO3 nng b (mol/lt) thu c dung dch A v 3,36 lt kh NO (duy nht). Cho dung dch KOH 1M vo dung dch A cho n khi lng kt ta khng i na th cn dng ht 850 ml. Lc, ra ri nung kt ta nhit cao n khi lng khng i c 8 gam mt cht rn. 1. Tnh phn trm khi lng cc cht trong hn hp v tnh b. 2. Nu mun thu c lng kt ta ln nht th cn thm bao nhiu mililt dung dch KOH vo dung dch A. Tnh lng kt ta . (HThng mi2000tr87) 62-Ho tan 3,28 gam hn hp X gm Al v Fe trong 500 ml dung dch HCl 1M c dung dch Y. Thm 200 gam dung dch NaOH 12% vo dung dch Y, phn ng xong em thu ly kt ta, lm kh ri em nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i th c 1,6 gam cht rn (cc phn

85

ng u xy ra hon ton). Hy tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng mi kim loi c trong 3,28 gam hn hp X. (HThu li-2000tr226) 63-Ho tan 88,2 gam hn hp A gm Cu, Al, FeCO 3 trong 250 ml dung dch H2SO4 98% (d = 1,84 g/ml) khi un nng c dung dch B v hn hp kh. Cho hn hp kh ny i qua dung dch brom (d) sau phn ng c dung dch C. Kh thot ra khi bnh nc brom cho hp th hon ton vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 c 39,4 gam kt ta; lc tch kt ta ri thm dung dch NaOH d vo li thu c 19,7 gam kt ta. Cho dung dch BaCl 2 d vo dung dch C c 349,5 gam kt ta. 1. Tnh khi lng ca tng cht c trong hn hp A. 2. Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 2M cn cho vo dung dch B tch ring ion Al3+ ra khi cc ion kim loi khc.(HMC-2000tr242) 64-Khi cho m gam hn hp gm Mg, MgCO 3. tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 22,4 lt (ktc) hn hp kh gm H 2, CO2. Cho kh CO2 hp th hon ton vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 2M; sau phn ng thu c 50,4 gam cht rn khan. Tnh m. (HMC-2000tr242) 65-Cho 15,28 gam hn hp A gm Cu v Fe vo 1,1 lt dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 0,2M. Phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch X v 1,92 gam cht rn B. Cho B vo dung dch H2 SO4 long khng thy c kh bay ra. 1.Tnh khi lng ca Fe v Cu trong 15,28 gam hn hp A. 2. Dung dch X phn ng vi 200ml dung dch KMnO 4 trong H2SO4. Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch KMnO4. (HCn Th-2001tr214) 66-Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 va ht V ml dung dch H2SO4 long thu c dung dch A. Chia A thnh hai phn bng nhau. - Cho dung dch NaOH d vo phn th nht, thu kt ta ri nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c 8,8 gam cht rn. - Phn th hai lm mt mu va ng 100 ml dung dch KMnO 4 0,10M trong mi trng H2SO4 long d. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. 2. Tnh m. Tnh V nu nng H2SO4 l 0,5M. (HNN1-2001tr317) 67-Ho tan 13,90 gam mt hn hp A gm Al, Cu, Mg bng V ml dung dch HNO3 c nng 5M va , gii phng ra 20,016 lt kh NO 2 duy nht (ktc) v dung dch B. Thm dung dch NaOH d vo B, ly kt ta nung nhit cao c cht D, dn mt lung H 2 d i qua D thu c 14,40 gam cht rn E. 1.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Tnh tng s gam mui to thnh trong B. 2. Tnh % theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong A. 3.Tnh Vml. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton.(DLPng-2001tr247) 68-X l hn hp hai kim loi Mg v Zn. Y l dung dch H 2SO4 cha r nng . Th nghim 1: Cho 24,3 gam X vo 2 lt Y, sinh ra 8,96 lt kh H2. Th nghim 2: Cho 24,3 gam X vo 3 lt Y, sinh ra 11,2 lt kh H2. a) Chng t rng trong th nghim 1 th X cha tan ht, trong th nghim 2 th X tan ht.

86

b) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch Y v khi lng mi kim loi trong X. (HQGtpHCM2000-tr40) 69-Ho tan ht 7,74 gam hn hp bt hai kim loi Mg v Al bng 500ml dung dch hn hp cha axit HCl 1M v axit H 2SO4 0,28M (long) thu c dung dch A v 8,736 lt kh H 2 ( 273OK v 1atm). Cho rng cc axit phn ng ng thi vi hai kim loi. a) Tnh tng khi lng mui to thnh sau phn ng. b) Cho dung dch A phn ng vi V lt dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 1M v Ba(OH)2 0,5M. Tnh th tch V cn dng phn ng thu c lng kt ta ln nht, tnh khi lng kt ta .(HThli-2001tr161) 70-Cho 20 gam hn hp A gm FeCO3, Fe, Cu, Al tc dng vi 60ml dung dch NaOH 2M thu c 2,688 lt kh hiro. Sau khi kt thc phn ng cho tip 740 ml dung dch HCl 1M v un nng n khi hn hp kh B ngng thot ra. Lc v tch cn rn C. Cho B hp th t t vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th thu c 10 gam kt ta. Cho C tc dng ht vi HNO3 c, nng thu c dung dch D v 1,12 lt mt cht kh duy nht. Cho D tc dng vi NaOH d thu c kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i nhn c m gam sn phm rn. Tnh khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp A v tnh gi tr m. (Bit cc th tch kh u o ktc). (HXD-2001-tr179) 71-Cho 50g mt hn hp gm Ag, Al v MgO tc dng vi lng d axit HNO3 c, ta thu c 4,48 lt kh. Mt khc, cng cho 50g hn hp trn phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d th thu c 6,72 lt kh. Tnh s gam ca tng cht trong hn hp ban u, bit rng cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. (HSPH Ni 2-98) 72-Ho tan hon ton hn hp FeS2 v FeCO3 trong HNO3 c, nng c dung dch A, hn hp kh NO2 v CO2 . Cho dung dch BaCl2 d c kt ta trng v dung dch B. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi NaOH d c kt ta nu. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. (H Bch khoa HN-98) 73-Ho tan hon ton hn hp bt gm: Fe2O3; Fe3O4 v Al2O3 trong dung dch H2SO4 c thu c dung dch A. Cho bt st va vo dung dch A thu c dung dch C. Cho dung dch C tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c dung dch D v kt ta E. em E nung nhit cao n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn F. Nu cho tng git dung dch HCl long vo dung dch D s xut hin kt ta trng, tip tc thm HCl th kt ta trng s tan ra. Hy gii thch cc qu trnh th nghim v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. (H Thu li-98) 74-Hn hp X gm Al v Fe3O4. Cho hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH ly d, phn ng kt thc thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). ho tan mt lng hn hp X nh trn cn dng 700 ml dung dch HCl 2M. Tnh khi lng hn hp X. Tnh khi lng than ch, c cha 80% cacbon nguyn cht b tiu hao trong qu trnh sn xut Al bng phng php in phn Al2O3 nng chy. Bit cacbon chy to ra 22,4 m3 hn hp kh CO2 v CO c phn t khi trung bnh bng 31,2. (C Ti chnh KT-98) 75- m gam phoi bo st (A) ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian bin thnh hn hp (B) khi lng 12 gam gm st v cc oxit FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3.

87

Cho B tc dng hon ton vi axit nitric thy gii phng ra 2,24 lt kh duy nht NO (ktc). a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. b. Tnh khi lng m ca A. (HQG H Ni-98) 76- 10,08 gam bt st trong khng kh, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp A c khi lng m gam gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Cho A tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thy gii phng ra 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht ( ktc). a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. b. Tnh khi lng m ca hn hp A. (HThu li- 2001tr167) 77-Cho hn hp A gm 3 oxit ca st (Fe2O3, Fe3O4 v FeO ) vi s mol bng nhau. Ly m1 gam A cho vo ng s chu nhit, nung nng n ri cho mt lung kh CO i qua ng, CO phn ng ht, ton b kh CO 2 ra khi ng c hp th ht vo bnh ng lng d dung dch Ba(OH)2, thu c m2 gam kt ta trng. Cht rn cn li trong ng s sau phn ng c khi lng l 19,20 gam gm Fe, FeO v Fe3O4, cho hn hp ny tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3, un nng c 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht. 1- Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. 2-Tnh khi lng m1, m2 v s mol HNO3 phn ng. (HVCNBCVT-2001tr261) 78-Cho mt th tch khng kh (cha 20% oxi v 80% nit v th tch) cn thit i qua bt than t nng, thu c kh than A ch cha cacbon oxit v nit. Trn kh than ny vi mt lng khng kh gp 2 ln lng cn thit t chy cacbon oxit, ta c hn hp kh B. t chy hn hp kh B, thu c hn hp kh C trong nit chim 79,21% v th tch. 1. Tnh hiu sut phn ng t chy cacbon oxit. 2. Tnh nhit lng to ra khi t chy 1,5 m 3 kh B (o ktc), bit rng lng nhit to ra khi t chy hon ton1 mol cabon oxit l 284,24 kJ. 3. Tnh % th tch ca cc kh trong hn hp C. 4. Tnh t khi ca hn hp kh C so vi kh than A. (HDc HN-2000tr155) 18-Tm kim loi-Lp cng thc oxit-Phn ng nhit nhm 1-Mt oxit (A) ca nit c cha 30,43% N v khi lng. T khi (hi) ca A i vi khng kh l 1,59. 1) Tm cng thc phn t ca A. 2) iu ch 1 lt kh A (134OC v 1 atm) cn t nht l bao nhiu gam dung dch HNO3 40% tc dng vi Cu (vi gi thit rng ch c duy nht kh A thot ra). 3. Bit rng 2 phn t A c th kt hp vi nhau thnh mt phn t oxit (B). iu kin 25OC, 1 atm, hn hp (A + B) c t khi (hi) so vi khng kh l 1,752. a) Tnh % th tch ca A v B trong hn hp. b) Hy tnh % v s mol ca A chuyn thnh B. (Cho: Mkk = 29, hiu sut cc phn ng l 100%). (HDLHngVng-99) 2- 1) A l oxit ca kim loi M ( ho tr n) c cha 30% oxi theo khi lng. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A. 2) Cho mt lung kh CO i qua ng s ng m gam oxit A ( 1) nhit cao mt thi gian, ngi ta thu c 6,72 gam hn hp gm 4 cht

88

rn khc nhau. em ho tan hon ton hn hp ny vo dung dch HNO 3 d to thnh 0,448 lt kh B duy nht c t khi hi so vi H 2 l 15. Tnh gi tr m. 3) Cho bnh kn c dung tch khng i l 3 lt cha 498,92 ml H 2O (dH2O =1 g/ml), phn kh (ktc) trong bnh kn cha 20% oxi theo th tch, cn li l N2. Bm ht kh B vo bnh, lc k n phn ng hon ton c dung dch C. Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch C (gi s nc bay hi khng ng k). (HYThi Bnh-2000tr176) 3-Mt oxit kim loi c cng thc l M xOy trong M chim 72,41% khi lng. Kh hon ton oxit ny bng kh CO thu c 16,8 gam kim loi M. Ho tan hon ton lng M bng HNO3 c nng thu c mui ca M c ho tr 3 v 0,9 mol kh NO2. Vit phng cc trnh phn ng v xc nh tn oxit kim loi. (HQGTPHCM-99) 4-Bit X l mt oxit kim loi. xc nh cng thc cu to ca X, ngi ta lm 2 th nghim sau: Th nghim 1: Kh hon ton 1,6 gam X th cn 672 ml hiro (ktc). Th nghim 2: Ly lng kim loi th nghim 1 ho tan trong dung dch axit clohiric d th thu c 448 ml hiro (ktc). Hy gii thch hin tng trn v xc nh cng thc ca X. (HSPHN2-99) 5-A l oxit ca mt kim loi ho tr m (trong s cc kim loi cho di). Ho tan hon ton 1,08 gam A trong HNO 3 2M (long) thu c 0,112 lt kh NO (ktc) v dung dch D. a/ Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A. b/ Cho 1,08 gam A vo ng s, nung nng ri dn kh CO i qua n d. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton c cht rn B. Nu ho tan B trong dung dch H2SO4 long, d th dung dch sau phn ng c th lm mt mu dung dch KMnO4 khng ? Nu c th c th lm mt mu bao nhiu ml KMnO4 0,1M. Cho: O=16; Mn= 55 ; Fe= 56 ; Cr= 52; Cu =64. (HYHN-99) 6-Cho lung kh CO i qua ng s nung nng ng 16 gam st oxit nguyn cht. Khi phn ng thc hin hon ton v kt thc, thy khi lng ng gim 4,8 gam. Cho bit cng thc st oxit dng. (HDuyTn-99) 7- ho tan 4 gam FexOy cn 52,14 ml dung dch HCl 10% (D = 1,05 g/ml). Hy xc nh cng thc phn t ca st oxit. (H Thli-99) 8-Ly 14,4 gam gam hn hp Y gm bt Fe v Fe xOy ho tan ht trong dung dch HCl 2M c 2,24 lt kh 273OC, 1 atm. Cho dung dch thu c tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d. Lc ly kt ta, lm kh v nung n khi lng khng i c 16 gam cht rn. a) Tnh % khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp Y. b) Xc nh cng thc ca st oxit. c) Tnh th tch dung dch HCl ti thiu cn ly ho tan. (HY dc tpHCM-2000tr165) 9-Cho V lt kh CO qua ng s ng 5,8 gam oxit st Fe xOy nng mt thi gian th thu c hn hp kh A v cht rn B. Cho B tc dng ht vi axit HNO 3 long thu c dung dch C v 0,784 lt kh NO. C cn dung dch C th c 18,15 gam mt mui st (III) khan. Nu ho tan hon ton B bng axit HCl th thy thot ra 0,672 lt kh.

89

1. Xc nh cng thc ca st oxit v tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca cc cht trong B. 2. Tnh V v thnh phn % theo th tch ca cc kh trong hn hp kh A. Bit t khi hi ca hn hp kh A so vi hiro bng 17,2. (Th tch cc kh u o iu kin tiu chun). (H Y Dc tpHCM-98) 10-Ho tan hon ton mt lng oxit FeXOy bng H2SO4 c nng, thu c 4,48 lt SO2 ( ktc), phn dung dch cha 240 gam mt loi mui st duy nht. 1) Xc nh cng thc ca st oxit trn. 2) Trn 5,4 gam bt Al vi 17,4 gam bt FeXOy trn ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm. Gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh Fe XOy thnh Fe. Ho tan hon ton hn hp cht rn sau phn ng bng dung dch H 2SO4 20% (d=1,14 g/ml) th thu c 5,376 lt H2 ( ktc). a) Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng nhit nhm. b) Tnh th tch ti thiu dung dch H2SO4 20% dng. (HDcHN-98) 11-Nung nng 18,56 gam hn hp A gm FeCO 3 v mt oxit st FexOy trong khng kh n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c kh CO2 v 16 gam cht rn l mt oxit duy nht ca st. Cho kh CO 2 hp th ht vo 400 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,15M, thu c 7,88 gam kt ta. 1. Xc nh cng thc ca FexOy. 2. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 2M t nht phi dng ho tan hon ton 18,56 gam hn hp A. (HDLng -2001tr240) 12-em m gam hn hp A gm bt nhm v mt xit ca st chia thnh 2 phn u nhau: -Cho phn mt tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch H 2SO4 0,5M , thu c dung dch B v 0,672 lt kh. -Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm hon ton vi phn hai. Hn hp sau phn ng cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c 0,1344 lt kh, tip tc cho dung dch H2SO4 0,5M vo ti d th thu c thm 0,4032 lt kh v dung dch C. Sau cho t t dung dch Ba(OH) 2 vo dung dch C ti d th c kt ta D. em nung kt ta D trong khng kh n khi lng khng i th thu c 24,74 gam rn E. 1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca oxit st, tnh gi tr m v thnh phn % khi lng ca hn hp A. 2. Tnh khi lng ca cc cht trong E v th tch ca dung dch axit H2SO4 dng trong c qu trnh th nghim. (Cc th tch kh u o iu kin tiu chun). (HXD-99) 13-Nung 28,33 g hn hp bt A gm Al, Fe2O3, CuO, sau mt thi gian c hn hp rn B gm c Cu, Fe, Al 2O3 v cc cht ban u cn d. Cho B tc dng va ht vi 0,19 mol NaOH trong dung dch, thu c 2,016 l kh H2 v cn li hn hp rn Q. Cho Q tc dng vi dung dch CuSO 4 d, thy khi lng cht rn sau phn ng tng 0,24 g (so vi khi lng ca Q) v c hn hp rn D. Ho tan ht D bng 760 ml dung dch HNO 3 1M, va , thu c V lt kh NO. 1) Tnh s gam mi cht trong hn hp A v B. 2) Tnh V lt kh NO. Bit th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. (VinHMHN-99)

90

14-Hn hp A gm 0,56 gam Fe v 16 gam Fe 2O3. Trn A vi n (mol) bt nhm ri nung nhit cao (khng c khng kh) thu c hn hp D. Nu cho D tan trong dung dch H 2SO4 long (d) th thu c a (lt) kh, nhng cho D tc dng vi NaOH (d) th th tch kh thu c 0,25a (lt) trong cng iu kin. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. 2. Hi khi lng ca nhm c gi tr trong khong no nu phn ng nhit nhm ch to ra Fe. (HNgoiThngMN-99) 15-Hn hp kim loi M ho tr 2 v M ho tr 3, c ho tr khng i, c chia thnh 3 phn bng nhau. -Phn 1 ho tan ht vo vo dung dch HCl d thu c 1,792 lt H2. -Phn 2 cho tc dng ht vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 1,344 lt H2 v mui NaMO2, trong phn khi lng kim loi khng tan c khi lng
4 9

91

phn khi lng M tan. -Phn 3 c t chy ht trong oxi d thu c 2,840 gam oxit. 1. Xc nh kim loi M v M. 2. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng kim loi trong hn hp u. Cc kh u c o iu kin tiu chun. (CKimst-2000tr395-H Nng-2001tr280) 16-Chia hn hp hai kim loi ho tr hai v ho tr ba thnh 3 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng vi 1 lt dung dch HCl 2M thu c dung dch A v 17,92 lt H2 iu kin tiu chun. Phn 2 cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 13,44 lt H2 iu kin tiu chun v cn li 30,76% kim loi ho tr 2 khng tan. Oxi ho hon ton phn 3 thu c 28,4 gam hn hp oxit. 1. Tnh khi lng hai kim loi ly ban u v xc nh tn hai kim loi. 2. Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 4,6% ( d = 1,05 g/ml) cn cho vo dung dch A thu c lng kt ta ln nht. (HMC-98) 17-Cho 4,6 gam hn hp gm Rb v mt kim loi kim M tc dng vi nc th thu c mt dung dch kim. trung ho hon ton dung dch kim ny ngi ta phi dng ht 800ml dung dch HCl 0,25M. a) Xc nh xem kim loi M l kim loi no? b) Tnh thnh phn % v khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u. c) Tnh th tch kh thot ra trong phn ng khi hn hp tc dng vi nc o 0 C v 2 atm. Cho Li=7; Na=23; K=39; Rb=85; H =1; O=16; C =12. (HThsn-99) 18-Mt hn hp gm st v mt kim loi A c ho tr khng i. Ngi ta ly 3,61 gam hn hp trn cho tc dng ht vi axit nitric thu c 1,792 lt kh NO duy nht iu kin tiu chun, ng thi cng cho 3,61 gam hn hp tc dng ht vi axit clohiric, thu c 2,128 lt hiro iu kin tiu chun. 1. Xc nh kim loi A. 2. Tnh phn trm khi lng ca st v kim loi A trong hn hp. (CSP Hu-99)

19-Ho tan hon ton 0,5 gam mt hn hp gm Fe v kim loi B thuc nhm IIA (phn nhm chnh nhm II) bng mt lng d dung dch HCl thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Xc nh kim loi B. C th xc nh v tr ca B trong bng h thng tun hon hay khng? Vit cu hnh electron ca n. (HDLP-ng-99) 20-Hn hp A gm Mg v kim loi M ho tr 3, ng trc hiro trong dy hot ng ho hc. Ho tan hon ton 1,275 gam A vo 125 ml dung dch B cha ng thi HCl nng C1 (M) v H2SO4 nng C2 (M), thy thot ra 1400 ml kh hiro (o ktc) v dung dch D. trung ho lng axit d trong D cn dng 50 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 1M. Sau khi trung ho dung dch D cn thu c 0,0375 mol mt cht kt ta khng tan trong HCl. 2.1 Vit phng trnh phn ng dng ion thu gn. 2.2. Tnh C1 v C2 ca dung dch B. 2.3. Tm nguyn t khi ca kim loi M (A M ) v khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp A em th nghim. Bit rng ho tan hon ton1,35 gam M cn khng qu 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cho B = 11; Mg = 24; Al = 27; Fe = 56. (HHhi-99) 21-Tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm hn hp X gm Al v Fe 3O4 (hiu sut 100%) th thu c hn hp Y. Lng dung dch xt ti a phn ng vi Y l 100 ml nng 0,8M v khi thu c 806,4 ml kh H2 (ktc). Tnh s mol mi cht trong hn hp X. (H Cn Th-98) 22-Mt hn hp nng 2,15 gam gm mt kim loi kim A v mt kim loi kim th B tan ht trong nc cho ra 0,448 lt kh H 2 ( ktc) v dung dch C. a) Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ho va mt na dung dch C. b) Bit rng nu thm H2SO4 d vo mt na dung dch C cn li th thu c kt ta nng 1,165 gam. Xc nh hai kim loi A v B (ch dng nhng kim loi cho cui ). (Li = 7; Na = 23; K = 39; Mg = 24; Ca = 40; Ba = 137) (HCn Th-2000tr307) 23-Cho 1,52 gam hn hp st v mt kim loi A thuc nhm II ho tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra 0,672 lt kh (o ktc). Mt khc 0,95 gam kim loi A ni trn khng kh ht 2 gam CuO nhit cao. 1. Xc nh kim loi A. 2. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp. Cho Mg = 24; Ca = 40; Zn = 65; Sr = 87,62 ; Ba = 137. (HNN1-98) 24-a. Ho tan ht 12 gam hn hp A gm Fe v kim loi R (ho tr 2 khng i) vo 200 ml dung dnh HCl 3,5M thu c 6,72 lt kh ( .k.t.c.) v dung dch B. Mt khc nu cho 3,6 gam kim loi R ho tan ht vo 400 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M th H2SO4 cn d. Xc nh: Kim loi R v thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca Fe, R trong hn hp A. b.Cho ton b dung dch B trn tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 4M th thu c kt ta C v dung dch D. Nung kt ta C ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i c cht rn E. Tnh: Khi lng cht rn E, nng mol/l ca cc cht trong dung dch D.

92

Bit: Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, th tch dung dch thu c sau phn ng bng tng th tch hai dung dch ban u, th tch cht rn khng ng k. Cho Be=9, Ca=40, Fe=56 , Mg=24 , Na =23. (HGVT-98) 25-Cho 7,22 gam hn hp X gm Fe v kim loi M c ho tr khng i. Chia hn hp thnh hai phn bng nhau: -Ho tan ht phn 1 trong dung dch HCl thu c 2,128 lt kh H2 iu kin tiu chun. -Ho tan ht phn 2 trong dung dch HNO 3 thu c 1,792 lt kh NO duy nht iu kin tiu chun. 1) Xc nh kim loi M. 2) Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp X. Cho : Fe = 56 . (C SP Ph Th-98) 26-Cho 11,0 gam hn hp A gm Al v mt kim loi M ( trng thi ho tr 2) ho tan ht trong 500 ml dung dch HCl 2M th thu c 8,96 lt kh H2 (ktc) v dung dch X. Cng 11,0 gam hn hp A khi cho phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d th gii phng ra 6,73 lt kh H2 (ktc) v cn mt phn khng tan. 1. Xc nh tn kim loi M v % khi lng mi kim loi trong A. 2. Trn dung dch X vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 2,2M ri un nng ngoi khng kh c kt ta, lc thu ly kt ta em nung nng nhit cao n khi lng khng i c cht rn B. Hy xc nh khi lng cht rn B. (H Thu li-CPB-C s 2-98) 27-Mt hn hp X gm mt kim loi M (c hai ho tr 2 v 3) v M xOy . Khi lng ca X l 80,8 gam. Ho tan ht X bi dung dch HCl thu c 4,48 lt H2 (iu kin tiu chun) cn nu ho tan ht X bi dung dch HNO 3 thu c 6,72 lt kh NO (iu kin tiu chun). Bit rng trong X c mt cht c s mol gp 1,5 ln s mol cht kia. Xc nh M v M xOy. (H QG TPHCMt 3-98) 28-Cho 3,87 gam hn hp R gm hai kim loi M (ho tr 2) v M (ho tr 3) vo 250 ml dung dch cha axit HCl 1M v axit H 2SO4 0,5M thu c dung dch B v 4,368 lt kh H2 o 0OC, 1 atm. 1. Tnh khi lng mui to thnh. 2. Xc nh tn ca M v M . Bit rng t s mol ca hai ion M 2+ v M3+ trong dung dch l 2 : 3. M v M l hai trong s cc kim loi c khi lng nguyn t cho cui . 3. Tnh th tch dung dch gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH) 2 0,1M ti thiu cn dng tc dng vi dung dch B sao cho khi lng kt ta thu c l b nht. Tnh khi lng kt ta . 4. Cho M tc dng vi axit HNO3 long ngi ta thu c hn hp hai kh NO v N2O. Hy vit v cn bng cc phn ng oxi ho kh v cho bit cht no l cht oxi ho, cht kh v cht to mi trng. Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S =32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Cr = 52; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn =65; Ba= 137. (HQG TPHCM-t 2-98) 29-Ho tan hon ton 2,43 gam kim loi A vo va z ml dung dch HNO3 0,6M c dung dch B c cha A(NO3)3 ng thi to ra 672ml hn hp kh N2O v N2 c t khi hi so vi oxi l 1,125.

93

1. Xc nh kim loi A. 2. Tnh gi tr ca z. 3. Cho vo dung dch B 300ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau khi phn ng xong, lc ly kt ta, ra sch, em nung n khi lng khng i c mt cht rn. Tnh khi lng ca cht rn (th tch cc kh o ktc). (CKTKTCN1-2001tr300) 30-P l dung dch HNO3 10%, d = 1,05g/ml. R l kim loi c ho tr III khng i. Ho tan hon ton 5,94g kim loi R trong 564ml dung dch P thu c dung dch A v 2,688 lt hn hp kh B gm N2O v NO. T khi ca B i vi hiro l 18,5. 1. Tm kim loi R. Tnh nng phn ca cc cht trong dung dch A. 2. Cho 800ml dung dch KOH 1M vo dung dch A. Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh sau phn ng. 3. T mui nitrat ca kim loi R v cc cht cn thit hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch kim loi R.(H Thng mi 2001tr48) 31-Ho tan 19,2 gam kim loi M trong H 2SO4 c d thu c kh SO2. Cho kh ny hp th hon ton trong 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,7M, sau phn ng em c cn dung dch thu c 41,8 gam cht rn. 1. Xc nh tn kim loi M. 2. Trn 19,2 gam kim loi M vi m gam hn hp CuCO 3 v FeCO3 ri ho tan trong 1 lt dung dch HNO3 3M thu c dung dch A v 15,68 lt hn hp kh gm NO, CO2. Hn hp kh ny c t khi so vi H 2 l 19. Tnh M v th tch dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,4M cn dng trung ho dung dch A. (Th tch cc kh o ktc). (HHng c-2001tr314) 32-1. Ho tan m gam hn hp A gm Fe v kim loi M (c ho tr khng i) trong dung dch HCl d th thu c 1,008 lt ( ktc) v dung dch cha 4,575 gam mui khan. Tnh m. 2. Ho tan ht cng lng hn hp A ( phn 1) trong dung dch cha hn hp HNO3 c v H2SO4 nhit thch hp th thu c 1,8816 lt hn hp 2 kh ( ktc) c t khi hi so vi kh H 2 l 25,25. Xc nh kim loi M. (HYDctpHCM-2001tr188) 33-Ho tan 62,1 gam kim loi M trong dung dch HNO 3 (long), c 16,8 lt hn hp kh X ( ktc) gm hai kh khng mu, khng ho nu ngoi khng kh. T khi hi ca hn hp X so vi H2 bng 17,2. a) Xc nh kim loi M. b) Nu s dng dung dch HNO 3 2M th th tch dng bng bao nhiu lt, bit rng ly dung dch d 25% so vi lng cn thit. (HY dc tpHCM-2000tr165) 34-Ho tan hon ton 1,08 gam kim loi A (trong dy in ho) bng dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 1,344 lt mt cht kh ( 27,3OC, 1,1atm) 1. Xc nh tn kim loi A. 2. Ly 6,84 gam mui sunfat ca A cho tc dng vi 0,2 lt dung dch KOH thy to ra mt kt ta. Lc ly kt ta, ra sch v sy kh ri em nung n khi lng khng i thu c 1,53 gam cht rn. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch KOH dng. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton v mui sunfat tham gia phn ng ht. (CTCK ton 2000tr393)

94

35-Cho 3,25 gam hn hp X gm mt kim loi kim M v mt kim loi M (ho tr II) tan hon ton vo nc to thnh dung dch D v 1108,8ml kh thot ra o 27,3OC v 1 atm. Chia dung dch D lm 2 phn bng nhau: -Phn 1 em c cn thu c 2,03 gam cht rn A. -Phn 2 cho tc dng vi 100ml dung dch HCl 0,35M to ra kt ta B. 1. Tm khi lng nguyn t ca M v M. Tnh s gam mi kim loi trong hn hp X ban u. 2. Tnh khi lng kt ta B. Bit hiu sut phn ng t 100%. (HSPtpHCM-2001tr75) 36-C 5,56 gam hn hp gam hn hp A gm Fe v mt kim loi M (c ho tr khng i). Chia A lm hai phn bng nhau. Phn I ho tan ht trong dung dch HCl thu c 1,568 lt hiro. Ho tan ht phn II trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c 1,344 lt kh NO duy nht v khng to ra NH4NO3. 1. Xc nh kim loi M v thnh phn phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong A. 2. Cho 2,78 gam A tc dng vi 100ml dung dch B cha AgNO 3 v Cu(NO3)2 thu c dung dch E v 5,84 gam cht rn D gm 3 kim loi. Cho D tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 0,448 lt hiro. Tnh nng mol cc mui trong B . (Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, v th tch cc kh o ktc). (HNNI-2000tr216) 37-Chia 59,2 gam hn hp gm kim loi M, xit v mui sunfat ca cng kim loi M (c ho tr 2 khng i) thnh hai phn bng nhau: -Phn 1 ho tan ht trong dung dch H 2SO4 long thu c dung dch A v kh B. Lng kh B ny tc dng va vi 32 gam CuO. Cho tip dung dch KOH (d) vo dung dch A, khi phn ng kt thc lc ly kt ta, nung n khi lng khng i thu c 28 gam cht rn. -Phn 2 cho tc dng vi 500 ml dung dch CuSO 4 1,2M, sau khi phn ng kt thc, lc b cht rn, em phn dung dch c cn, lm kh thu c 92 gam cht rn. a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra, xc nh khi lng mol ca nguyn t M? b)Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp ban u? Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. (HL HN-98) 38-Hn hp A gm: M, Ag2O, FeCO3, Al2O3. 1) Ho tan 32,0 gam kim loi M trong dung dch HNO 3 d thu c 8,96 lt kh ( iu kin tiu chun) hn hp kh gm NO2, NO; hn hp ny c t khi hi so vi hiro bng 17. Xc nh tn kim loi M. 2) Ho tan 87,40 gam hn hp A trong dung dch HNO3 long, va , thu c dung dch B v 13,44 lt ( iu kin tiu chun) hn hp kh gm NO, CO2. Cho hn hp kh ny hp th vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d thu c 30,0 gam kt ta. Nu cho dung dch HCl d vo dung dch B thu c 28,7 gam kt ta. a) Tnh khi lng ca tng cht c trong hn hp trn. b) Cho 25,2 gam Mg vo dung dch B, sau khi phn ng hon ton thu c m gam hn hp cc kim loi. Tnh m. (HMC-99) 39-Hn hp A gm: M, MO, MCO 3. Ly 61,6 gam hn hp A ho tan trong 1 lt dung dch HCl 3,0 M thu c dung dch B v 11,2 lt ( iu kin tiu

95

chun) hn hp kh. Cho hn hp kh vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 thu c10,0 gam kt ta; tch kt ta khi dung dch ri thm dung dch NaOH d vo phn nc lc thu c 5,0 gam kt ta. trung ho axit d trong dung dch B dng ht 700 ml dung dich NaOH 2M. 1) Xc nh tn kim loi M. 2) Thi kh O2 vo dung dch B, sau mt thi gian thu c dung dch C. Cho dung dch KOH d vo dung dch C thu c kt ta. Ly kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thy khi lng gim i 17% so vi trc khi nung. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc cht trong dung dch C,bit th tch dung dch C bng 1,0 lt. (H M a cht-98) 40-Mt hn hp D gm (KMnO4 + mui M). Trong M c 31,84% kali; 28,99% clo; 39,18% oxi. Nung khng hon ton D c hn hp A; A tc dng vi axit A1 to ra kh B; B phn ng vi B1 to ra clorua vi; clorua vi tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long to ra kh B. Mt khc, khi cho dy st nung nng chy trong kh B to ra cht rn B2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng, bit rng B l kh thu c khi in phn dung dch NaCl. (H Ngoi Thng-Pha Bc-98) 41-Ho tan va mt lng hn hp gm kim loi M v oxit MO (M c ho tr khng i v MO khng phi oxit lng tnh) trong 750 ml dung dch HNO3 0,2 M c dung dch A v kh NO. Cho A tc dng va vi 240 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5 M thu c kt ta. Nung kt ta n khi lng khng i c 2,4 gam cht rn. Tm M, tnh khi lng mi cht trong hn hp u v th tch kh NO sinh ra 27,3OC v 1 atm. (H An ninh-98) 42-Hn hp A gm Fe, Mg, Al2O3 v oxit ca mt kim loi X ho tr 2. -Ly 13,6 gam A cho tan ht vo dung dch HCl thu c kh B. t chy hon ton B bng mt th tch khng kh thch hp (bit rng khng kh cha 80% nit v 20% oxi theo th ch) th sau khi a v iu kin tiu chun th tch kh cn li l 9,85 lt. -Ly 13,16 gam A cho tc dng ht vi HNO 3 long ch c kh NO bay ra, trong th tch kh NO do Fe sinh ra bng 1,25 ln th tch kh NO do Mg to thnh. -Mt khc nu ly m gam Mg v m gam kim loi X cho tc dng vi axit H2SO4 long, d th th tch H2 do Mg sinh ra gp trn 2,5 ln th tch H 2 do X sinh ra. Bit rng ho tan hon ton lng oxit kim loi c trong 13,16 gam A phi dng ht 50 ml dung dch NaOH 2M. 1. Xc nh tn kim loi X. 2. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng cc cht trong A. (HYHi Phng-2000tr186) 43-Ho tan 8 gam hn hp hai hiroxit kim loi kim nguyn cht thnh 100 ml dung dch (X). 1. 10ml dung dch (X) c trung ho va bi 80 ml dung dch CH3COOH cho 1,472 (g) hn hp mui. Tm tng s mol hai hiroxit kim loi kim c trong 8 gam hn hp. Tm nng mol ca dung dch CH3COOH. 2. Xc nh tn hai kim loi kim, bit chng thuc chu k k tip trong h thng tun hon cc nguyn t. Tm khi lng tng hiroxit trong 8 gam hn hp. 3. 90ml dung dch (X) tc dng vi mt lng va mui st clorua cho 6,480 gam kt ta. Tm cng thc phn t mui st clorua. Ho tan ton

96

b kt ta trong dung dch axit nitric HNO 3 long, thy si bt kh. Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Tnh th tch kh thot ra 0 OC, 0,6 atm. (CSPHCM-99) 44-C mt dung dch A gm H2SO4; FeSO4 v MSO4 (M l kim loi ho tr II) v mt dung dch B gm NaOH 0,5M v BaCl2 d. trung ho 200ml dung dch A cn dng 40ml dung dch B. Cho 200 ml dung dch A tc dng vi 300 ml dung dch B, ta thu c 21,07 gam kt ta C gm 1 mui v 2 hiroxit ca 2 kim loi v dung dch D. trung ho dung dch D cn dng 40ml dung dch HCl 0,25M. 1. Hy xc nh kim loi M, bit rng khi lng nguyn t ca kim loi M ln hn khi lng nguyn t ca Na. 2.Tnh nng mol ca cc cht trong dung dch A. (H Lt-2001tr211) 45-Nung 9,4 gam mui M(NO3)n trong bnh kn c V = 0,5 lt cha kh N2. Nhit v p sut trong bnh trc khi nung l 0,984 atm v 27OC. Sau khi nung mui b nhit phn ht cn li 4 gam oxit M 2On , a v 27OC p sut trong bnh l p. 1. Tnh nguyn t khi ca M v p sut p. 2. Ly 1/10 lng kh thu c cho hp th hon ton vo nc thnh 0,25 lt dung dch A. a) Tnh pH ca dung dch A. b) Dung dch A c th phn ng ti a vi bao nhiu gam M 2O v bao nhiu lt kh NO c to thnh (ktc)? (bit rng phn ng to ra ion M2+) 3. T gi tr v nguyn t khi ca mt nguyn t c th xc nh c v tr ca nguyn t trong bng h thng tun hon khng? V sao? Cho: Ag = 108; N = 14; O = 16; C = 12; H = 1; 64 Cu ; 64Zn ; 64Ni . (H Ngoi thng-98) 46-A v B l hai kim loi thuc nhm IIA. Ho tan hon ton 15,05 gam hn hp (X) gm hai mui clorua ca A v B vo nc thu c 100 gam dung dch (Y). kt ta ht ion Cl c trong 40 gam dung dch (Y) phi dng va 77,22 gam dung dch AgNO3 thu c 17,22 gam kt ta v dung dch (Z). 1. C cn dung dch (Z) th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan. 2. Xc nh tn hai kim loi A v B. Bit rng t s khi lng nguyn t ca A v B l 5/3 v trong hn hp (X) s mol mui clorua ca B gp i s mol mui clorua ca A. 3. Tm nng % khi lng cc mui trong dung dch (Y) v dung dch (Z). (H Hu-98) 47-Mt hn hp X gm FeCO3 v MCO3 (M ch c ho tr duy nht). Ho tan hon ton 9,48 gam X tiu tn ht 110 gam dung dch HNO 3 12,6% th thu c 2,24 lt hn hp kh NO, CO2 iu kin tiu chun v dung dch Y. 1. Xc nh khi lng nguyn t ca nguyn t M. 2. Trong dung dch Y c mt nhng mui no v tnh nng phn trm khi lng ca cc mui . (HDLKTCN-99) 48-Mt loi phn ngm nc c to thnh t cation M+, Al3+ v SO42. Nung 9,06 gam phn c 4,74 gam phn khan. Mt khc, cho 9,06 gam phn ho tan vo nc ri cho tc dng vi Ba(OH) 2 d c 9,32 gam kt ta A v kh C. Lng kh C to thnh tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch HCl 0,2M. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca phn. (CSPBcNinh-99)

97

49-Ho tan 4,68 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi A v B k tip nhau trong phn nhm chnh nhm II bng 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. Sau phn ng ta thu c dung dch C v 1,54 lt kh CO 2 o 27,3OC v p sut 0,8 atm. 1. a) Cho bit tn ca hai nguyn t A v B. b) Tnh tng khi lng mui to thnh trong dung dch C. 2. Tnh thnh phn % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp ban u. 3. Cho ton b lng kh CO2 thu c trn hp th ht bi 200ml dung dch Ba(OH)2. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 : a) Thu c 1,97 gam kt ta. b) Thu c lng kt ta ln nht v lng kt ta nh nht. (Bit Be = 9, Mg = 24, Ca = 40, Ba = 137). (CSPHN-99) 50-Mt dung dch nc c cha 53 gam mt hn hp mui Cacbonat ca 2 kim loi M v M u c ho tr 1 (M v M l 2 kim loi lin tip trong cng mt phn nhm chnh). Thm t t va khuy u dung dch axit HCl 0,5M vo dung dch trn. Khi phn ng xong, ngi ta thu c 1,231 lt kh CO2 27OC, p sut 2atm v mt dung dch A. Thm mt lng tha nc vi vo dung dch A, thu c 20 gam kt ta. 1. Xc nh 2 kim loi M v M. 2. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng mui Cacbonat trong hn hp. (CKS-99) 51-Nung m gam hn hp X gm 2 mui cacbonat trung tnh ca 2 kim loi A v B u c ho tr 2. Sau mt thi gian thu c 3,36 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v cn li hn hp rn Y. Cho Y tc dng ht vi HCl d ri cho kh thot ra hp th hon ton bi Ca(OH) 2 d, thu c 15 gam kt ta. Phn dung dch em c cn thu c 32,5 gam hn hp mui khan. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v tnh m. (HQGtpHCM-99) 52-Hn hp Y gm 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi kim th. Trong mui th nht kim loi chim 28,57% khi lng v trong mui th hai kim loi chim 40% khi lng. a. Xc nh tn hai mui. b. Cho 31,8 gam hn hp Y vo 800ml dung dch HCl 1M. Sau phn ng thu c dung dch Z. Trong Z c d axit khng? Xc nh lng kh CO2 c th thu c (khng dng s liu th nghim c ). c. Cho vo Z mt lng dung dch NaHCO3 d th thu c 2,24 lt kh CO2 iu kin tiu chun. Tnh khi lng mi mui trong Y. Cho: C=12; O=16; Cl=35,5; Na=23; Be=9; Mg=24; Ca=40; Sr =87,6; Ba=137. (HHnghiMN-99) l 53-Mt hn hp X gm ACO3 v BCO3. Phn trm khi lng A trong ACO3 200 % v ca B trong BCO3 l 40%.

98

7 ACO3 v BCO3. 1. Xc nh 2. Ly 31,8 gam hn hp X cho vo 0,8 lt dung dch HCl 1M thu c dung dch Y. Hy chng t hn hp X b ho tan ht. Cho vo dung dch X mt lng tha NaHCO3 thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (iu kin tiu chun). Tnh khi lng mi mui cacbonat. (HQG tpHCM-98) 54-Cho 5,22 gam mt mui cacbonat kim loi (hp cht X) tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 . Phn ng lm gii phng ra hn hp kh gm 0,336

lt kh NO v x lt kh CO2. Cc th tch kh u c o iu kin tiu chun. a. Hy xc nh mui cacbonat kim loi v tnh th tch kh CO 2 ( x ). b. Cho a gam hn hp gm FeS2 v hp cht X trn vi s mol bng nhau vo mt bnh kn cha lng d oxi. p sut trong bnh l p1 at. un nng bnh phn ng xy ra hon ton ri a bnh v nhit ban u, p sut kh trong bnh lc ny l p2 at, khi lng cht rn thu c l b gam. Bit rng th tch cht rn trong bnh trc v sau phn ng l khng ng k. Hy xc nh cc t s p1/p2 v a/b. (HQGHN-99) 55-1.Ho tan hon ton 13,8 gam mui cacbonat mt kim loi kim R2CO3 trong 110 mililt dung dch HCl 2M. Sau khi hon tt, ngi ta thy cn d axit trong dung dch thu c v th tch kh thot ra V1 vt qu 2016 ml. Vit pthh xy ra. nh tn ca mui cacbonat R2CO3. Tnh V1. 2. Ho tan 13,8 gam mui R2CO3 trn y vo nc. Va khuy trn va thm tng git dung dch HCl 1M cho ti 180 mililt dung dch axit, thu c V2 lt kh. Vit cc pthh xy ra. Tnh V2. Cc kh o ktc. (HDLVn Lang-2001tr253) 56-Hn hp A gm hai mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi k tip nhau trong phn nhm chnh nhm II. Ho tan hon ton 3,6 gam hn hp A trong dung dch HCl, thu c kh B.Cho ton b lng kh B hp th ht bi 3 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,015M, thu c 4 gam kt ta. a) Hy xc nh hai mui cacbonat v tnh TP % theo khi lng mi mui trong hn hp A. b) Cho 3,6 gam hn hp A v 6,96 gam FeCO 3 vo bnh kn dung tch 3 lt (gi s th tch cht rn khng ng k v dung tch bnh khng i). Bm khng kh (cha 20% oxi, 80% nit theo th tch) vo bnh nhit 19,5OC, p sut 1atm. Nung bnh nhit cao cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, ri a v nhit 19,5OC, p sut trong bnh l P. Hy tnh P. c) Hy tnh th tch dung dch HCl 2M t nht phi dng ho tan hon ton hn hp cht rn sau khi nung. (HThi Nguyn2001-tr203) 57-Mt mui cacbonat (A) ca kim loi M ho tr n, trong M chim 48,28% theo khi lng. Cho 58 gam A vo bnh kn cha mt lng O2 va phn ng ht vi A khi un nng. Sau phn ng, cht rn thu c gm Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 c khi lng l 39,2 gam. 1. Tm cng thc ca A. 2. Hi sau khi p xong, P trong bnh tng thm bao nhiu % so vi ban u cng iu kin. 3. Nu ly lng cht rn thu c sau khi nung cho tan ht trong HNO 3 c nng c kh NO2 duy nht; trn NO2 vi 0,0175mol O2 ri cho hp th hon ton vo H2O th thu c 9 lt dung dch B. Tnh pH ca dung dch B. (HNT 2001tr39) 58-Hn hp X gm FeS2 v MS c s mol nh nhau, M l kim loi c ho tr khng i. Cho 6,51 gam X tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch HNO3 un nng, thu c dung dch A1 v 13,216 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh A 2 c khi lng l 26,34 gam gm NO2 v NO. Thm mt lng d dung dch BaCl2

99

long vo A1, thy to thnh m1 gam cht kt ta trng trong dung dch d axit trn. 1. Hy cho bit kim loi M trong MS l kim loi g? 2. Tnh gi tr khi lng m1. 3. Tnh phn trm khi lng cc cht trong X. 4. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng di dng ion rt gn. ( HDc HN2001tr98) 59- Cho 20, 4 gam hn hp X (Fe, Zn, Al ) tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, thu c 10,08 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc 0,2 mol X tc dng va vi 6,16 lt Cl 2 (ktc). Xc nh khi lng mi kim loi trong 20,4 gam hn hp X. (TTTCBYt-HCM 2001-tr319) 60- Ho tan 15,5 gam hn hp A gm bt Al, Mg, Fe vo 1 lt dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c 8,96 lt kh NO (duy nht) iu kin tiu chun. Mt khc, nu ho tan 0,05 mol hn hp A bng dung dch H 2SO4 long, d thu c dung dch C. Thm mt lng d NaOH vo dung dch C thu c kt ta D. Lc ly kt ta D nung nng trong khng kh nhit cao n khi c khi lng khng i thu c 2 gam cht rn E. Tnh khi lng ca cc kim loi trong 15,5 gam hn hp ban u. (CGTVT-2000-tr394) (Ngy sa 14/10/2005)** 107 trang

100