Bao Cao Thuc Tap

Cng ty CPTP THIN HNG
Bo co thc tp qu trnh &thit b

LI CM N
Mt thng thc tp ti Cng ty C Phn thc phm THIN HNG t ngy

06/08/2012 n ngy17/08/2012 kt thc.
Thi gian thc tp ti cng ti cng ty, chng em c tip xc vi mi trng lm
vic thc t, gip chng em hiu r hn v quy trnh cng ngh sn xut m n lin, nhng
my mc thit b dy chuyn hin i. Nh gip b sung thm nhng kin thc thc t trn
nn tng nhng kin thc m chng em c hc trng. Ngoi ra trong qu trnh thc
tp cn gip chng em rn luyn tinh thn lm vic cng nh tnh k lut trong cng vic, hc
hi thm nhng kinh nghim ca cc anh ch k s.
Trong sut qu trnh thc tp chng em c cc c, ch, anh, ch trong b phn
sn xut v ton b anh em cng nhn trong cng ty hng dn nhit tnh, ng thi to iu
kin thun li cho vic thc tp v hc hi ca chng em tai cng ty. Chng em chn thnh
cm n Ban lnh o v ton b cn b cng nhn vin ca Cng ty C Phn thc phm
THIN HNG gip chng em hon thnh t thc tp ny.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n thy V B MINH tn tnh hng dn chng
em lm bi bo co ny.
Chng em xin knh chc cc c, ch, anh, ch v ton th cng nhn vin ca cng ty
c nhiu sc kho v thnh t. Knh chc qu Cng ty ngy cng pht trin v gt hi
c nhiu thnh cng trong cuc sng.
Tp. H Ch Minh, thng 8 nm 2012.

Nhm sinh vin thc tp
Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b
Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng
Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam

c lp- T do- Hnh phc
**********
XC NHN CA N V THC TP
NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN
..
TP.HCM ngy thng nm 2012
NHN XT CA HI NG
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
TP.HCM ngy thng nm 2012
MC LC
CHNG I - T NG
N V NH M ........................................................................... 8
1.1.
GI I THI
CH NG ............................................................................................... 8
1.2.
CH
TH NH
P V PHT T I N C
NH M ................................ 9
1.2.1.
ch s thnh lp ...................................................................................................... 9
1.2.2.
u trnh pht trin ca x nghip .......................................................................... 10
1.2.3. Thnh tu t c: ................................................................................................ 11
1.3.
I M
NG ......................................................................................... 11
1.4.
T CH C V B T NH N
........................................................... 13
1.4.1.
t chc: ......................................................................................................... 13
1.4.2. B tr nhn s ......................................................................................................... 13
1.5.
M T B NG NH M ............................................................................ 16
2.1.
NG N I
CH NH ......................................................................................... 17
2.1.1. Bt m ..................................................................................................................... 17
2.1.1.1. Khi nim ............................................................................................................... 17
2.1.2. Shortening ............................................................................................................... 21
2.2.
NG N I
PH .............................................................................................. 22
2.2.1. Nc ....................................................................................................................... 22
2.2.2. Mui n ................................................................................................................... 22
2.2.3. Nc tro .................................................................................................................. 22
2.2.4. Ph gia to cu trc ................................................................................................ 23
2.2.5. Gia v ...................................................................................................................... 23
2.2.6. Mu thc phm ....................................................................................................... 23
2.2.7. Cc hng liu ........................................................................................................ 23
2.2.8. Cht chng oxy ho BHT (butylhydroxytoluen) .................................................... 23
2.2.9.
u tinh luyn ........................................................................................................ 23
2.3.
K HOCH KI M T
V
NG N I ......................................... 25
3.1.
TH T MINH
T NH CNG NGH N
T M N I N ........... 31
3.1.2. Cn th, cn bn tinh, cn tinh ............................................................................... 34
3.1.3. C t si-to sng ...................................................................................................... 40
3.1.4. Hp.......................................................................................................................... 43
3.1.5. Thi ngui............................................................................................................... 46
3.1.6. C t nh lng ........................................................................................................ 46
3.1.7. Phun nc l o ......................................................................................................... 47
3.1.8.
ut ro - Vo khun: ............................................................................................ 48
3.1.8.1 Muc ch .................................................................................................................. 48
3.1.9. Chin....................................................................................................................... 49
3.1.10. Tch du lm ngui ............................................................................................. 54
3.1.11. Phn loi ................................................................................................................. 55
3.1.12. ng gi ................................................................................................................. 55
3.2.
CC
C T ONG N
T ......................................................................... 56
CHNG IV - N PH M M N I N ............................................................................ 59
4.1.
PH N OI N PH M ....................................................................................... 59
4.1.1. Chnh phm............................................................................................................. 59
4.1.2. Th phm ................................................................................................................ 66
4.1.3. Ph phm ................................................................................................................ 66
4.2.
KI M T
N PH M ......................................................................................... 68
4.2.1.
Cc ch tiu ca m thnh phm ............................................................................... 68
4.2.1.1. Ch tiu cm quan .................................................................................................... 68
4.2.2. Phng php kim tra cht lng sn phm .......................................................... 69
4.2.2.1. Phng php ly mu ............................................................................................. 69

4.2.3. Phng php x l sn phm khng ph hp ........................................................ 70
4.3.
T N T V BO
N N PH M. ............................................................. 70
4.3.1. Tn tr .................................................................................................................... 70
4.3.2. Bo qun ................................................................................................................. 70
CHNG V - N TO N
O NG, PHNG CH CH CH ........................... 71
5.1.
N TO N
O NG......................................................................................... 71
5.2.
PHNG CH CH CH ............................................................................. 72
CHNG VI MI T NG V V INH CNG NGHI P .............................. 72
6.1.
MI T NG:.......................................................................................... 72
6.1.1.
l cht thi r n: ................................................................................................. 73
6.1.2.
l nc thi: ...................................................................................................... 73
6.1.3.
l kh thi: ......................................................................................................... 76
6.2.
V INH CNG NGHI P ...................................................................................... 76
6.2.1. V sinh c nhn khi vo khu vc sn xut: ............................................................ 76
6.2.2. V sinh phn xng m: ......................................................................................... 77
6.2.3 V sinh phn xng bt nm: ................................................................................. 78
CHNG VII - KT LU N ............................................................................................... 80
PH LC 1 .............................................................................................................................. 82
PH C 2 .............................................................................................................................. 83
MC LC BNG & HNH
DANH MC BNG
Bng 2. 1 - Thnh phn ha hc ca mt s loi bt m .......................................................... 18
Bng 2. 2- Thnh phn ca glucid bt m................................................................................. 18
Bng 2. 3 - Thnh phn cc loi ng c trong bt m .......................................................... 19
Bng 2. 4- Thnh phn ca protein bt m ............................................................................... 19
Bng 2. 5 - Phn b lipid trong bt m ..................................................................................... 20
Bng 2. 6 - Ch tiu cht lng ca bt m (theo TCVN 4359:1996) ...................................... 20
Bng 2. 7. Mt s ch tiu cht lng i vi du shortening.................................................. 21
Bng 2. 8- Ch tiu cht lng ca nc sn xut .................................................................... 22
Bng 2. 9. Ch tiu cm quan du tinh luyn ............................................................................ 24
Bng 2. 10. Ch tiu ho l du tinh luyn ............................................................................... 24
Bng 2. 11. Ch tiu cm quan ca ng ................................................................................ 24
Bng 2. 12. Ch tiu ho l ca ng ..................................................................................... 25
Bng 2. 13 - K hoch kim tra v x l nguyn liu .............................................................. 25
DANH MC HNH
Hnh 1.1 t chc nh my ........................................................................................... 13
Hnh 3.1- quy trnh cng ngh sn xut m n lin ....................................................... 27
Hnh 3.2 - Bao b nh lng bot ....................................................................................... 30
Hnh 3.3 Thit b nho trn bt ............................................................................................. 32
Hnh 3.4 H trc cn bt ........................................................................................................ 37
Hnh 3.5 u trnh c t si to sng ca m ........................................................................... 42
Hnh 3.6 cu to thit b hp ....................................................................................... 44
Hnh 3.7 ao c t m ............................................................................................................... 47
Hnh 3.8 - cu to cho chin ......................................................................................... 51
CHNG I - T NG
1.1.
GII THI
AN V NH M
CH NG
Tn Ting Vit: Cng ty C phn Thc phm Thin Hng

Tn Ting nh: Thien Huong food Joint tock Company
Tn giao dch: THIEN H ONG FOO JOINT TOCK COMP N
Tn vit t t: TFC
ogo ca cng ty:
a ch: s 1 c Th, P. Tn Thi Hip, . 12, TP. HCM, Vit Nam

Tel: (08) 3 7171425 - 3 7171449
Fax: (08) 3 7170270
Phng Kinh Doanh: kinhdoanh@thienhuongfood.com
Phng ut Nhp Khu: thienhuongfood@vnn.vn;
export@thienhuongfood.com; sales@thienhuongfood.com
Phng Th Trng: thitruong@thienhuongfood.com
Phng Hnh Chnh Nhn s: ns@thienhuongfood.com
Website: www.thienhuongfood.com
CNG T TNHH THIN HNG PH
BC.
/C: Khu cng nghip Ph Ni, Huyn M Ho, Tnh Hng n.

T: (0321) 3944099 - Fax: (0321) 3944098
Email: thienhuongpb@gmail.com

1.2.
LCH
TH NH LP V PHT T I N CA NH M
1.2.1. L ch th nh lp
- Nm 1963 ng Trn Thnh, mt nh t sn ngi Hoa, sng lp Thin Hng C.ty

S.A. . , ng tr s ti 118 Hi Thng n ng- Ch n (Nay l
5- TP H Ch
Minh ), v hon thnh xng sn xut bt ngt mt nm sau .

- Thin Hng C.T
. . . c quy m sn xut bt ngt thuc loi ln nht
ng
Nam lc by gi vi nhn hiu BT NGT V HNG T v m n lin vi

nhn hiu M V HNG.
- Bt ngt V Hng T v m V Hng l sn phm ni ting ca Thin Hng
C.Ty xut hin ti Vit Nam t nhng nm 60 ca th k 20, l mt trong nhng nt
vn ha m thc min Nam Vit Nam v vng ng Nam thi by gi. n nay m
n lin V HNG c coi l mt trong nhng sn phm lu i, danh ting
ng hnh cng ngi tiu dng trong nhiu thp k qua.
-
au ngy min Nam hon ton gii phng, t nc thng nht, ngi dn min B c
ln u tin ng ngng thng thc mn m n lin khoi khu, tin dng chnh l m
V Hng.
- Ngy 10 thng 11 nm 1977 B ng thc Thc phm quyt nh chuyn C.ty thnh
x nghip
uc doanh v i tn t Thin Hng Cng ty thnh Nh my Bt ngt
Thin Hng.
-
au nh nc thnh lp Cng ty Bt ngt Min Nam ri i tn thnh
nghip
in hip ( N H) Bt ngt M n lin, ly tr s chnh ca Thin Hng C.T

. . . ti s 118 -120 Hi Thng n ng lm Vn phng ca
N H Bt ngt
M n lin, qun l trc tip cc x nghip thnh vin gm:

- Nh my Bt ngt Thin Hng (V HNG)
- Nh my Bt ngt Tn Bnh (VIFON)
- Nh my Bt ngt Bin Ha
- Nh my M n lin Bnh Ty
- Nh my m Samhoa
- Nh my Mui Bnh Triu
- Nh my ch bin nguyn liu Khi Vinh
- Nh my Bnh ko Ph nh
- Trong Nh my bt ngt Thin Hng l thnh vin ln nht, gi vai tr ch o,
thc hin nhim v chnh ca
N H do B ng thc Thc phm giao, ng thi
h tr ton b cc nh my thnh vin ca N H Bt ngt M n lin .

-
n nm 1992,
N H Bt ngt -M n lin gii th, cc Nh my thnh vin do B
Cng Nghip nh qun l.

- Ngy 14 thng 11 nm 1992, Nh my Bt ngt Thin Hng i tn thnh Nh my
Thc phm Thin Hng.
- Ngy 01 thng 9 nm 1995, B Cng nghip nh c
uyt nh s: 1217/
-TC
i tn Nh my thc phm Thin Hng thnh Cng ty thc phm Thin Hng.
- Ngy 11 thng 7 nm 2000, Th tng Chnh Ph c
uyt nh s: 82/2000/
TTg v vic chuyn Cng ty Thc phm Thin Hng thnh Cng ty c phn, i tn
thnh Cng ty c phn thc phm Thin Hng ( Thin Hng Food Joint tock
Company-TFC) cho n nay. Tr s chnh ti ia ch Hng l 9, x Tn Thi Hip,
huyn Hc Mn (nay l s 1 c Th- P. Tn Thi Hip- 12, TP H Ch Minh).
1.2.2. Qu trnh pht trin ca x nghip
- Giai on 1965-1971 l giai on khi nghip v nh hnh sn phm, Thin Hng
C.T . . . . sn xut ch yu l bt ngt cung cp cho c min Nam v cc nc
ng Nam vi nhn hiuV Hng T,.
-
n nm 1972 Cng ty u t 2 dy chuyn sn xut M n lin (mt trong nhng

Cng ty u tin Vit Nam sn xut M n lin) nhn hiu V Hng. T n
nay nhn hiu m V Hnglun c ngi tiu dng nng nhit cho n.
- Nm 1979-1980 Cng ty u t sn xut thm 2 sn phm mi l nc tng v bt

canh nhn hiu Thin Hng
- Nm 1994-1995, giai on khi s c sn phm ca TFC vi nhiu chng loi mi ra
i mang nhn hiu V Hng nh: Cho G; Cho Tm; Cho Thp cm; Tng
t; u phng chin ct da, c bn rng ri trn th trng.
- Nm 2002 TFC ch trng m rng v pht trin sn xut. Cng ty xy dng thm
Nh my chuyn sn xut m n lin, Cho n lin, Bt canh v Bnh nack ti X
, Huyn M Ho, Tnh Hng n (Khu Cng nghip Ph Ni ), ng thi thnh
lp Cng ty c phn thc phm Thin Hng Nh my pha B c, sau i thnh

Cng ty TNHHTP Thin Hng pha B c.
- Bn cnh vic nhp dy chuyn v cng ngh ca Nht Bn sn xut bnh snack
nhn hiu NEKO nm 2002, n nm 2007 TFC tip tc u t thm dy chuyn sn
xut sn phm Thch au cu cng nhn hiu Neko ti tr s chnh TP. H Ch
Minh.
10
- Cc sn phm m n lin, cho n lin, bt canh, bnh snack, rau cu mang cc nhn
hiu V Hng, Thin Hng, NeKo,Top Tep Metit c mt hu kh p
th trng B c-Nam, trong cc siu th v ch ln, tr nn thn quen vi ngi tiu
dng.
-
n phm Cht lng cao, an ton vi hnh thc v chng loi phong ph, s dng
cng ngh tin tin trong sn xut, TFC khng nh c ng cp sn phm v th
phn ca mnh th trng trong nc, t ho l mt trong nhng nh sn xut cung
cp thc phm n lin u tin v ln nht ti Vit Nam. in tc trong hn 10 nm
qua, cc sn phm ca TFC lun c ngi tiu dng bnh chn l Hng Vit Nam
cht lng cao.
- To dng mt v th vng ch c i vi ngi tiu dng trong nc, TFC bc tip

hnh trnh chinh phc ngi tiu dng ngoi nc. Cc sn phm ca TFC thm
nhp mnh m cc th trng Ba an, Nga, Cng ha c, Hungaria,
c, H an,
M, Malaysia, i oan. .
1.2.3. Thnh tu t c:
- Nm 1998 v 1999 Cng ty Thin Hng n nhn Hun Chng ao ng Hng
III v Hng II do Ch tch nc Cng Ha Hi Ch Ngha Vit Nam trao tng.
- Nm 1998 v 1999 nhn C Thi ua xut s c ca Th tng Chnh ph
- Nm 2000 t Giy chng nhn: I O 9002:1994 do t chc BV I (Nay la BVC) cp
- Nm 2002 t Giy chng nhn: I O 9001:2000 do t chc BV I (Nay la BVC) cp
- Nm 2009 t Giy chng nhn: I O 9001:2008
do t chc BVC cp
- Nam 2010 t Giy chng nhn : H CCP- CODEX do t chc BVC cp

- 14 nm lin tc t nm 1997 2010, n phm ca Cng ty c ngi tiu dng
bnh chn l Hng Vit Nam cht lng cao
- n phm ca Cng ty c Phng Thng mi v Cng nghip Vit Nam (VCCI)
cp Giy chng nhn Thng hiu ni ting ti Vit Nam.
1.3.
A I M X
DNG
Cng ty c phn Thin Hng s 1 c Th, phng Tn Thi Hip, qun 12, TP.
HCM vi cc pha tip gip nh sau:
Pha ng: gip ng c Th
Pha Ty: gip x nghip Cao su Hc Mn
11
Pha Nam: gip knh Tham ng

Pha B c: gip Quc l 1A
12
1.4.
T CH C V B T
1.4.1. t ch c
NH N
Hnh 1.1 t ch c nh m
1.4.2. B tr nhn s
Ban t ng gi m c
Gm 1 tng gim c v 3 ph tng gim c. Nhim v:
Chu trch nhim trc cng ty v hot ng ca doanh nghip.

ra mc tiu hot ng ca cng ty.
Phn b trch nhim v nhim v ca cc phng ban.
- Phng k hoch v cung ng
Lp k hoch sn xut hng ngy v trnh Tng gim c duyt.

iu phi, s dng hiu qu tt c cc phng tin vn chuyn hin c.
T chc tiu thc cc sn phm.
Thc hin cc cng vic khc theo yu cu ca Tng Gim c cng ty.
13
- Phng xut nhp khu
Tm i tc m rng th trng nc ngoi.
p k hoch sn xut hng xut khu v trnh Tng Gim c duyt.
y dng v trnh Tng Gim c ban hnh ch , cc chnh sch thng cho khch
hng.
N m vng tnh hnh th trng nc ngoi cng nh cc khch hng nc ngoi,

xut iu chnh gi c hp l.
- Phng QA
Kim sot u vo v u ra ca sn phm.
Gim st hiu chun cc thit b o lng.
Tham gia xy dng h thng qun l cht lng ca cng ty.
Thc hin cc cng vic khc theo yu cu ca Tng Gim c cng ty.
- Phng hnh chnh nhn s
ra ni quy lao ng ca cng ty.
ra quy ch lng, thng theo tnh hnh thc t ca cng ty.
Thit lp thang lng, bng lng, iu chnh tng lng theo nh k.
Thc hin cc bo co ti chnh cho c quan chnh quyn c lin quan.
un l lao ng, qun l ton b h s CB, CNV cng ty.
p k hoch v thc hin cng tc tuyn dng v o to theo yu cu.
- Phng k ton
T chc cng tc k ton, cng tc thng k v b my k ton, thng k ph hp tnh

hnh sn xut, kinh doanh ca cng ty.
T chc ghi chp, tnh ton, phn nh trung thc chnh xc, y ti sn v phn tch
kt qu sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty.
- Phng nghin c u v pht trin sn phm
Hoch nh, xy dng, lp k hoch nghin cu v pht trin, ci tin sn phm theo
nh hng ca cng ty.
Chu trch nhim hon ton trong vic nghin cu v trin khai sn phm mi t hiu
qu.
Thm d th trng, tm kim tng mi v sn phm.
- Phng th trng
Bn hng, gii thiu sn phm ra th trng.
- Phng ISO Mi trng
14
Chu s phn cng trc tip ca ban Tng Gim c cng ty.
iu hnh, qun l v thc hin cng vic gm:
un l h thng cht lng I O v H CCP ca ton cng ty.
un l mi trng v phng kim tra vi sinh.
Thc hin ng k c quyn nhn hiu hng ha.
Phn cng cng vic cho nhn vin trong phng lm vic c hiu qu.
- C c phn xng sn xut
Tip nhn k hoch sn xut, m bo t chc, iu hnh thc hin k hoch sn xut
t yu cu v k thut, cht lng v nng sut.
Chu trch nhim trc ban Tng Gim
c v cng tc qun l, s dng lao ng,
my mc ca phn xng mt cch hiu qu.
u nh chung:
Bt c cc b phn truyn ng no cng phi c b phn che ch n an ton.
Cc h thng iu khin phi t v tr thun tin d thao tc khi vn hnh v
khi c s c.
Khong cch gia cc thit b, cc dy chuyn v khong cch so vi tng phi
ln d lm vic.
Thit b mang in phi c dy ni t an ton, thit b nhit phi c v cch nhit,
thit b chu p lc phi c van an ton v p k theo di.
Khu vc c nhit cao (chin, hp) phi thng thong.
Cng nhn vn hnh phi c trang b y kin thc cn thit v vn hnh
thit b v an ton lao ng.
u nh c th:
My trn bt:
Khng a tay vo ci khi my ang hot ng.
Khi dng my la bt phi ng t cu dao in.
Khi c s c th t t my, ng t cu dao v bo ngay cho trng ca.
My cn bt:
Khi a tm bt vo l cn, v tr tay cm cch khe h trc t nht 10cm.
Ch c iu chnh tc khi my ang hot ng.
Khi ng t in, phi ly tm bt khi my cn trnh kt bt.
Thit b hp: n p y phi tht kn, hn ch hi thot ra lm tn tht hi v gy
nguy him cho khu vc xung quanh.
Thit b chin:
V sinh sch s khu vc l.
Khi ko khung cho ln phi t cy khung ri tip tc ko ln v tr quy nh,
khng c ng trn ming cho, khi cho cn nng, khng c cho nc hoc
du ln nc vo.
Khi cho ang nhit cao, khng c bm ht du trong cho.
Cng nhn vn hnh cho khng c b v tr lm vic, thng xuyn kim tra
hot ng ca cho.
hi:
15

-
1.5.
Cng nhn vn hnh phi qua lp o to.

Khng c ht thuc, t l a trong khu vc l hi.
Sau mi ca v sinh khu vc, thu dn cc vt d chy.
Cng nhn vn hnh l phi thng xuyn theo di, bo tr l hi theo ng thi
gian quy nh.
M T B NG NH M
(Xem Ph lc 1)
16

CHNG II - NG
2.1.
N LI
N X
T M N LI N
NGUYN LI U CHNH
2.1.1. Bt m
2.1.1.1. Khi nim
L nguyn liu c bn sn xut m n lin. Bt m th l sn phm c c sau

khi nghin ht la m thnh bt mn. au ty theo yu cu v mc ch s dng m
ngi ta ch bin bt m th thnh nhiu loi khc nhau.
2.1.1.2. Cc loi bt m
Ngi ta phn ra thnh 2 loi bt m:
- Bt m tr ng: c sn xut t la m tr ng. nc ta, la m hu ht c
nhp khu v ta ch nhp khu la m tr ng.
- Bt m en: c sn xut t la m en, thng dng lm bnh m bng
cch ln men lactic, c v chua, ch thch hp cho khu v mt s vng trn
th gii.
Trong sn xut m n lin lun s dng bt m tr ng.
Hin nay, Cng ty THIN HNG nhp bt m thnh phm t cc cng ty, x
nghip TP HCM v cc tnh ln cn nh:
Nh my Vit Nam K Ngh (bt m cc xanh, bt m Tulip) v Nh my SXKD
ng thc Phc An (bt m con Nga),Cty TNHH UNI President VN (bt m
chuyn dng)
-
2.1.1.3. Vai tr ca bt m
L ngun gluten v tinh bt chnh ca m n lin.
L cht to hnh, to b khung, hnh dng.
Gp phn xc nh trng thi: cng, c, dai v n hi cho si m
thnh phm.
2.1.1.4. Thnh phn ha hc ca bt m
Thnh phn ha hc ca bt m ph thuc vo thnh phn ha hc ca ht la m v

cht lng bt. Cc cht dinh dng trong bt m c hng cao th c c th tiu ha d hn,
nhng bt m hng thp li giu vitamin v cht khong hn. Thnh phn bt m ch yu l
cc cht hu c (chim 83 85%) gm glucid, protein, lipid, enzyme, vitamine...v cc cht
v c (chim 15 17%), ch yu l nc, mui khong. C th v thnh phn ca mt vi
loi bt m c trnh by bng sau:
17
Bng 2. 1 - Thnh phn ha hc ca mt s loi bt m

Thnh phn
T l(%)
tro(%)
Cellulose(%)
Pentozan(%)
Tinh bt(%)
Protein(%)
Lipid(%)
Mu
Mi
V
m(%)
Nng lng(Kcal)
Gluten t
Vitamin B1(mg)
Vitamin B2(mg)
Vitamin PP(mg)
CaO(mg)
P2O5 (mg)
FeO(mg)
Ht
Thng hng
Loi I
Loi II
100
10,50
22,40
47,50
1,74
0,47
0,53
1,20
1,51
0,13
0,22
0,48
6,42
1,59
1,84
3,44
69,00
80,16
77,84
75,52
15,51
10,28
11,15
14,80
2,06
0,25
1,20
2,02
Tr ng ng
Tr ng ng Tr ng sm
Bnh thng, khng c mi mc, hi, mi l khc
Hi ngt, khng c v chua, ng, v l khc
14,00
14,00
14,00
354,40
354,30
352,50
30,00
30,00
25,00
0,05
0,18
0,40
0,04
0,13
0,50
1,00
2,00
2,60
1,0
3,00
6,00
70,00
200,00
400,00
1,00
4,00
9,00
Glucid:
Glucid l thnh phn ch yu trong bt m, chim 70 90% theo cht lng kh ty
loi loi bt m v ging la m dng sn xut loi bt . Glucid to nn cu trc xp, to
ngt, to mu s c v to mi thm cho sn phm.
Bng 2. 2- Thnh phn ca glucid bt m
Thnh phn
ng tng
Destrin
Tinh bt
Fructose
Saccarose
T l(%)
0,6 1,8
15
80
0,015 0,05
0,1 0,5
Thnh phn
Cellulose
Hemicellulose
Pentozan
Maltose
Raffinose v fructozan
T l(%)
0,1 2,3
28
1,2 3,5
0,005 0,05
0,5 1,1
Tinh bt: Tinh bt chim khong 80% glucid bt m. Tinh bt la m c cu trc ht

trn, kch thc ht t 5 50m. Tinh bt l thnh phn quan trng nht ca bt m, c nh
hng ln n cht lng bt nho sau ny. ln v nguyn ca ht tinh bt c nh
hng n tnh r n ch c, kh nng ht nc v hm lng ng trong bt nho. Ht tinh bt
nh v ht tinh bt v s b ng ha nhanh hn trong qu trnh sn xut. Tinh bt bao gm
hai cu t l amylose v amylopectin.
Dextrin: Dextrin chim khong 1-5% glucid bt m. Dextrin l sn phm to thnh khi
tinh bt b thy phn di tc dng ca h enzyme amylase ca la m. Khi lng phn t v
tnh cht ca dextrin ph thuc vo mc thy phn ca tinh bt. Dextrin ht vi nc
18
nhiu hn so vi tinh bt, nu hm lng dextrin cao, bt s dnh, t dai, t n hi, bt c

khuynh hng chy lng ra.
Pentozan: Chim khong 1,2 - 3,5% glucid bt m. Pentosan l cc polysacharide ca
cc ng c cha 5 cacbon. Cc pentosan c tnh ho nc, khi trng n to huyn ph
c nh hng ti tnh cht vt l ca bt nho. Pentosan trong bt m gm 2 loi: pentosan
tan trong nc v pentosan khng tan trong nc.
Cellulose v hemicellulose: Cellulose chim khong 0,1 2,3%, hemicellulose chim
2 8% thnh phn glucid ca bt m. Cellulose khng c ngha v mt dinh dng v c
th ngi khng th tiu ha, nhng c tc dng gip tng nhu ng rut, gip tiu ha tt.
Cc loi ng : Gm cc loi nh glucose, fructose, maltose, saccharose chim
khong 0,1 1% glucid bt m. Chng tham gia phn ng Maillard v Caramel to mu cho
sn phm.
Bng 2. 3 - Thnh phn cc loi ng c trong bt m
Loi ng
Fructose
Glucose
Maltose
Saccharose
Raffinose
Glucodifructose
Oligosaccharide
H m lng (%)
0,02 0,08
0,01 0,09
0,05 0,10
0,10 0,40
0,05 0,17
0,20 0,30
1,20 1,30
Protein:
Protein l thnh phn c bit quan trng trong bt m v n ng vai tr chnh trong
vic to nn cu trc cho sn phm. Protein bt m chim 8 25% cht kh, gm 2 nhm:
protein n gin v protein phc tp.
Protein ca bt m gm bn nhm chnh: albumin, globulin, prolamin v glutelin.
Bng 2. 4- Thnh phn ca protein bt m
Thnh phn
Albumin
Globulin
Prolamin (gliadin)
Glutelin (glutenin)
T l(%)
5,7 11,5
5,7 10,8
40 50
34 55
Cng nh cc ng cc khc, trong bt m lng prolamin v glutelen chim mt t l

kh cao 70-80% (tr yn mch). Prolamin trong bt m gi l gliadin(chim khong 40%50%protid), cn glutelin gi l glutenin(chim khong 34%-55% protid). Gliadin va glutenin
khi ht nc to thnh mng phn b u trong khi bt. Mng ny va dai, va n hi, c
tc dng gi kh lm khi bt nho n v c gi l gluten. Nh m bt m nho c tnh
dai, d cn, c t nh hnh nn c dng trong sn xut m si v m n lin.
19
Gluten t c cha 65 - 70% l nc cn li l cht kh, thnh phn cht kh gm

90% protid, 10% l glucid, lipid, khong cht v enzym. tng cht lng gluten khi nho
bt c th b sung cc cht oxy ho nh: acid ascorbic, kali bromat, peoxit Trong qu trnh
ch bin, gluten b bin i v tnh cht ho l, cc tnh cht ny chu nh hng ca nhit ,
s nho trn, nng mui Nhit cao th lm trng nhanh v vn nt. Mui c tc
dng lm gluten ch c hn, tng kh nng ht nc v c ch enzym thu phn protein.
Lipid :
Lipid bt m chim khong 2-3% cht kh. Trong l cht bo trung tnh, cn li
l cc phosphatide, sterin, cc s c t v cc vitamin tan trong cht bo. Cht bo c tc dng
gip cho khung gluten n hi hn v gip gi kh tt hn. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh bo
qun, cc lipid c th b thy phn to ra cc acid bo t do nh hng ti chua v v ca
bt, ng thi cng nh hng ti gluten, cc acid bo cng c th b oxy ho lm bt c mi
kh chu.
Bng 2. 5 - Phn b lipid trong bt m
Dng lipid
Lipid lin kt vi tinh bt
Lipid khng lin kt vi tinh bt
Lipid t do
Lipid kt hp
H m lng (%)
0,38 - 0,72
1,12 - 1,188
0,6 - 1,0
0,52 - 0,88
Enzym :
Trong bt m cng c cc h enzyme nh trong ht la m nhng hm
lng v hot khc nhau tu theo loi bt (bt loi thp th c hot cao v ngc li )
2.1.1.5. Ch tiu cht lng ca bt m
Bng 2. 6 - Ch tiu cht lng ca bt m (theo TCVN 4359:1996)
Ch tiu
Tn tiu chun
Trng thi
Mu s c
Mi
V
Tp cht v c
Glutenlin t
Cm quan
Ha l
mn:
Cn trn ry 420 m
Qua ry 118 m
m
Hm lng gluten kh
Hm lng tro
chua
Yu cu
Dng bt mn, kh, ri
Tr ng hoc tr ng ng c trng
Mi t nhin, khng mi l
Khng c v chua
Khng ln ct, t, s t
Trng thi mn, n hi tt, dai
cao. Trng thi mu s c tr ng ng n
xm nht.
20%
80%
13,5 %
8 10%
0,75%
3,5 (s ml NaOH 1N trung ha cc
acid c trong 100g bt)
20
Vi sinh
Tp cht s t
lng thuc BVTV
cng t, cm
Nm c
Vi nm
Vi sinh vt khc
30 mg/Kg
Nm trong gii hn cho php
10 - 18
Khng c
Khng c
Khng c
2.1.2. Shortening
c s dng chin m, trong qu trnh chin, mt phn shortening s ngm vo
trong m, lm tng gi tr dinh dng v cm quan ca sn phm.
Vai tr ca shortening trong sn xut m n lin :
-
Tc nhn gia nhit: lm chn m trong qu trnh chin.

Thnh phn sn phm: mt phn du ngm vo v t m lm tng gi tr dinh dng
v cm quan cho sn phm.
hortening c s dng trong cng ngh sn xut m n lin l loi du c tinh

luyn v hydro ha ci thin tnh nng s dng:
-
Nhit nng chy cao (48 52oC).

Bn nhit, l cht ti nhit tt.
C r n cn thit, tan chy tt.
C n nh tt.
t b hi,tr mi,c kh nng nh ha cao nht l khi thm vo 4%-6% mono v
diglyceride
t b xy ha, kh nng bo qun lu.
V vy, shortening c th m bo hnh thc cm quan v cht lng m tt hn cc

loi du khc : si m kh ro, du khng b thm ra ngoi bao b, thi gian bo qun sn
phm lu hn, m t c mi hi.
Bng2. 7. Mt s ch tiu cht lng i vi du shortening
(Theo TCVN 6048 :1995)
n v
Tn ch tiu
Yu cu
Mu s c b mt
Tr ng, hoc tr ng ng
Mi v
Thm c trng, khng c mi

hi, chua
Nhit nng chy

m
48
0,10
Hm lng acid bo
Ch s acid
52
0,15
0,1
ml NaOH 1N/g mu
0,2
0,3
21

Ch s peroxyde
ml Na2S2O3 0,002 N/g mu
0,60
Ch s iod
g iod/ 100g du
30-50
1,25
Tp cht
Khng c
Ch tiu vi sinh
Theo tiu chun B Y T
2.2.
NGUYN LI U PH
2.2.1. Nc
L mt trong nhng nguyn liu cn thit cho cc qu trnh: phi trn bt nho, pha
nc soup Trong sn xut m n lin, nc chim khong 30% tng lng bt.
Vai tr ca nc:
-
m trng n gluten v tinh bt, to dai cn thit ca bt nho.

Ho tan cc ph gia d phi trn.
Ch s E.coli : 20 cfu/l
pH: 6.5-7
cng <7.9 mg ng lng /l
Bng 2. 8- Ch tiu cht lng ca nc sn xut
Ch tiu
pH
Tng cht r n ha tan
cng
ClSO42NO3Zn
Cu
Fe
Al
Pb
As
Hg
n v
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
mg/L
Gii hn ti a
6,5 -8,5
1000
300
250
250
50
3
2
0,5
0,5
0,02
0,01
0,001
2.2.2. Mui n
Mui c tc dng to v cho sn phm, tng kh nng ht nc, gim hot ng ca
enzyme v cc vi sinh vt c trong khi bt nho. Khi cho mui vo, ion Na+ lm cho gluten
lin kt thm vi nhu, lm tng dai cho si m.
2.2.3. Nc tro
L dung dch kim gm K2CO3, Na2CO3 , Na2HPO4 v mt s xit kim loi nh K2O ,
Na2O , MgO , Fe2O3 , P2O5... c pha ch theo t l khc nhau ty theo tng loi m.
22
Vai tr ca nc tro:
-
Tng kh nng h ha, gim s thoi ha cu trc bt.

Tng dai ca si m (nc tro b sung cc ion kim loi lm tng ln lc ion
nn c tc dng lm cht khung gluten).
Trung ha chua ca bt(trung ha cc acid hu c trong bt m), gip bt
nhanh chn trong giai on hp.
2.2.4. Ph gia to cu trc

CMC (Cacboxyl Methyl Cellulose): l cht r n khng mu, khng mi, khng v,
c dng lm cht n nh v cht nh ha. CMC c tnh keo dnh, c tc dng n nh bt
khi nh hnh. CMC c pha vo trong dung dch trn vi bt m tng dai cho si m
(thng pha vi t l 0,5 1% so vi tng lng bt).
2.2.5. Gia v
Gm tiu, ti, t, hnh, bt ngt, mui nm trong thnh phn nc trn bt, bt
nm, c pha ch khc nhau ty theo tng loi sn phm, to nn hng v ring, lm tng
gi tr cm quan cho tng loi m.
2.2.6. M u thc phm
Thng dng mu vng chit xut t nhin
-caroten vi t l rt nh to mu
vng cho si m nhm tng gi tr cm quan ca sn phm.

i vi m xut khu, ty theo n t hng m ta c hoc khng s dng mu thc
phm (thng l khng s dng).
2.2.7. C c hng liu
c b sung cho gi bt nm hay nc trn bt, nc soup nhng nhm to mi v
c trng cho tng loi sn phm.
2.2.8. Cht chng oxy ho BHT (butylhydroxytoluen)
Khi cho BHT vo du n c kh nng c ch hoc lm ngn cn s oxy ho.
- Nhit nng chy 126,5oC.
- Khng tan trong nc, tan trong dung mi.
- Khi lng phn t 166,42 vC
2.2.9. Du tinh luyn
B sung gi du lm tng hng v cho sn phm m. Nh my hin nay s dng du
c tinh luyn.
23
Bng 2. 9. Ch tiu cm quan du tinh luyn
Ch tiu
Yu cu
Trng thi
Dng lng, trong sut
Mu s c
Khng mu n vng nht
Tp cht
Khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng
Bng 2. 10. Ch tiu ho l du tinh luyn
n v
Ch tiu
Yu cu
Ch s acid
Mg KOH/g
0,4
Ch s peroxide
Meq/ Kg
Ch s iod
g iod/100g u
Hm lng nc v cht bay hi
50-60
0,1
2.2.10. ng
ng c s dng trn gi bt nm v dung pha soup
Bng 2. 11. Ch tiu cm quan ca ng
Ch tiu
Trng thi
Mu s c
- ng trn nm
- ng pha soup
Mi v
Tp cht
Yu cu
Dng tinh th kh ri, u n
Tr ng tinh
Vng ng n tr ng
Mi thm c trng ca ng, v ngt
thanh, khng mi mt r, khng c mi
l.
Khng c tp cht nhn bng m t
thng
24
Bng 2. 12. Ch tiu ho l ca ng

n v
Ch tiu
m
Yu cu
%
- ng nm
- ng soup
Pol ( Polarization)
Tp cht
2.3.
K HOCH KI M TRA V X
5
1
99,5
0,05
Pol
%
L NGUYN LI U
Cng vic kim tra v x l nguyn liu c thc hin bi cc nhn vin ca phng
kim nghim ph trch khu nguyn liu khi nh cung cp cho mu hay giao hng.
Bng 2. 13 - K hoch kim tra v x l nguyn liu
STT
Tn
Ch tiu kim tra
Yu cu
Bt m
-Trng thi
- Mu s c
- Mi v
- Tp cht, su mt
- Gluten t:
+ Hm lng
+ cng t
+ Cm quan gluten
- Ch tiu ha l
Bt mn, kh
Tr ng, tr ng ng
c trng
Khng c
Shortening
Du
tinh
luyn
Mui
- Trng thi
28 40%
12 18 cm
mn, ch c, mm,
n hi
Theo tiu chun
c, mm, bng
- Mu s c
- Mi v
- Tp cht
- Ch tiu ha l
Tr ng, tr ng ng
c trng
Khng c
Theo tiu chun
- Trng thi
- Mu s c
Lng, trong sut

Khng mu n
vng nht
Khng mi
Khng c
Theo tiu chun
Tinh th u, r n
ch c, kh
Tr ng
Khng mi, v
- Mi v
- Tp cht
- Ch tiu ha l
- Trng thi
- Mu s c
- Mi v
S ln
kim tra
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Dng c o
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Th ti PTN
4ln/thng
1ln/l,
1ln/tun
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
4ln/thng
Th ti PTN
Cm quan
1ln/l
1ln/l
Cm quan
Cm quan
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
4ln/thng
1 ln/l
Cm quan
Cm quan
Th ti PTN
Cm quan
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Th ti PTN
25
- Tp cht khng tan

- m ti a
+ Mui soup
mn]
0.5
1 ln/l
Dng c th
nghim
7%
1 ln/l
1%
1 ln/l
Theo tiu chun
4ln/thng
Dng c th
nghim
Dng
c
th nghim
Dng c th
nghim
Th ti PTN
+ Mui nm
- tinh khuyt
- Hm lng ion
1ln/nm/
nhn hiu
Tinh th ri, kh, 1 ln/l
hnh kim
Tr ng trong
1 ln/l
Ngt, khng mi l 1 ln/l
Khng c
Theo tiu chun
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Tinh th ri, kh 1 ln/l
u
Theo tiu chun
5
Bt
ngt
- Trng thi
- Mu s c
- Mi v
ng
- Tp cht
- Ch tiu ha l
- Trng thi
- Mu s c
+ ng nm
+ ng Soup
- Mi v
Hng
liu
- Tp cht
- Ch tiu ha l
- Trng thi
- Bao b
Sn
phm
- Mu s c, Mi v
- Tp cht
- Ch tiu ha l
- Trng thi
- Mu s c, mi v
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Dng c th
Th ti PTN
Cm quan
Tr ng tinh
Tr ng n ng
vng
Thm c trng
Ngt thanh, khng
c mi mt r
Khng c
Theo tiu chun
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Cm quan
Cm quan
1 ln/l
Cm quan
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Dng c th
Th ti PTN
Theo mu chun
Nguyn vn, ghi
y
c trng
Khng c
Theo tiu chun
Kh theo mu
c trng tng loi
Khng c
Theo tiu chun
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Cm quan
Cm quan
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
1 ln/l
Cm quan
Dng c th
Th ti PTN
Cm quan
Cm quan
Cm quan
Th ti PTN
- Tp cht
- Ch tiu ha l
Cch ly mu, phng php kim tra v x l tng nguyn liu c th : xem phn Ph Lc 2.
26
CHNG III -
T NH C NG NGH
N X
3.1.
Nc
T M N LI N
QUY TRNH CNG NGH SN XU T M N LI N

Nguyn liu ph
Ph gia
Bt m
Ho nc trn
Bt b sung
Trn kh
Nho trn
Cn th
Cn bn tinh
Cn tinh
C t si - to sng
Hi nc
Hp
Thi ngui
C t nh lng
Nc lo
Phun nc lo
Qut ro
Vo khun
Shortening
Gia nhit
Chin
Qut ngui
Tch khun - Phn loi
Bao b
Thng
ng gi
Vo bao PE
PE
Vo thng carton
Th phm
Chnh phm
Hnh 3.1. -
u tr nh cng ngh n xut m n li n
27
Chuan b nguyen lieu:

a. Chuan b nc tron:
Muc ch: chuan b cho giai oan phoi tron vi bot m
Cac bien oi:
Hoa ly: Cac chat ran (phu gia va gia v) hoa tan trong nc tao thanh dung dch
ong nhat.
Thiet b: thiet b hnh tru, co lp vo gia nhiet bang hi, co canh khuay vi motor
at tren nh thiet b, s dung canh khuay dang mai cheo.
Cach thc hien: cac thanh phan c hoa tan trong nc nong, sau o them vao
lng nc va u cho moi me tron bot va khuay tr lai cho eu.
Thong so ky thuat:
Cac phu gia trong nc tron gom:
+ Muoi: 1-2% so vi lng bot.
+ CMC: 0.5-1 Kg/ tan bot.
+ Bot mau thc pham: 0.02% lng bot.
+ Nc tro: 160 Be
+ Cac gia v khac: ng, bot ngot, sup
Thi gian: canh khuay hoat ong trong 15- 30 phut
Nong o chat kho trong nc tron at c: 5-60Be
pH: 9-11.
b. Chuan b nc leo:
Muc ch: chuan b cho giai oan phun nc leo.
Cac bien oi:
Hoa ly: Cac chat ran (phu gia va gia v) hoa tan trong nc tao thanh dung dch
ong nhat.
Thiet b: thiet b hnh tru, co lp vo gia nhiet bang hi, co canh khuay vi motor
at tren nh thiet b, s dung canh khuay dang mai cheo.
28
Cach thc hien: cac thanh phan c hoa tan trong nc nong, sau o them vao
lng nc va u cho moi me tron bot va khuay tr lai cho eu.
Thong so ky thuat:
Cac nguyen lieu e pha nc leo cho 1 tan bot:
Muoi: 14.5Kg
Bot ngot: 3.2Kg
ng: 4Kg
Bot sup: 0.5Kg
Toi kho: 0.5Kg
t bot: 1Kg
Ribo: 0.05Kg, gom:
Dipotassium guanosine-5'-monophosphate
+ C10H12K2N5O8P
+ Khoi lng phan t: 439
+ Dang: Tinh the trang khong mau, khong mui
Potassium inosinate, potassium 5'-inosinate,
Dipotassium inosine-5'-monophosphate
+ C10H11K2N4O8P
+ Khoi lng phan t: 424
+ Dang: Tinh the trang, khong mau, khong mui
+ Tan tot trong nc, khong tan trong con
+ Dung dch 1/20 trong nc tao pH 7.0 - 8.5
Thi gian: canh khuay hoat ong trong 10-15 phut
Nong o chat kho trong nc tron at c: 3.0-3.50Be
c. nh lng va lam sach bot m:
29
Muc ch: chuan b u lng bot cho me san xuat va tach cac tap chat: bui, Fe,
cat lam sach khoi bot
Cac bien oi:
Vat ly: Khoi lng khoi bot giam nhng khong ang ke v ham lng tap chat la
nho.
Thiet b:
+ He thong can e ong bot.
+ He thong ray, sang e tach cat, bui
+ He thong nam cham e tach Fe.
Cach thc hien:
+ Neu s dung loai bot khong co bao b th bot phai qua he thong sang e tach tap
chat, sau o qua nam cham tach tap chat sat, roi qua can nh lng.
+ Thc te hien nay bot c cac nha may s dung eu co chat lng tot, bao b nh
lng san nen co the bo qua thao tac chuan b tren.
Hnh 3.2: Bao b nh lng bot

Thong so ky thuat:
Khoi lng bot m cho mot me tron bot:
+ Bot m (thng pha nhieu loai bot m vi nhau): 80-85%
+ Tinh bot: 15-20%
He thong ray, sang e tach cat, bui
30

3.1.
THUYT MINH QUY TRNH CNG NGH SN XU T M N LI N

3.1.1. Nh o trn
3.1.1.1. Mc ch cng ngh
u trnh nho trn c mc ch chun b to c khi bt nho thch hp cho qu

trnh to hnh tip theo.
Nho trn c xem l khu rt quan trng v n quyt nh tnh cht sn phm, to
nh hng r rt ln cc khu tip theo trong quy trnh sn xut (to hnh, chin, sy). Nho
trn s phn phi nc, gia v v ph gia vi bt m, to nn khi bt c ng nht. Bt
sau khi nho trn phi do, dai, b mt mn mng, n hi, khng dnh, to c khung gluten
tt.
3.1.1.2. Cc bin i ca nguyn liu
-
Vt l
Nhit tng do ma st trong qu trnh nho trn.
dai, do, n hi : tng do to thnh khung gluten.
Mu s c thay i do tc dng ca cht mu trong nc trn.
Ha l:
Trong qu trnh nho trn xy ra s chuyn pha. T hai pha r n (bt m) lng (nc)
chuyn thnh mt khi bn r n do dng paste. Trong khi bt nho c c 3 pha: r n, lng,
kh phn b u vi nhau. Pha r n bao gm cc mng gluten v cc pentosan khng tan bao
bc cc ht tinh bt, pha lng l nc v cc cht tan trong nc, pha kh to ra do s tch ly
cc bt khng kh trong khi nho.
Vai tr chnh trong vic hnh thnh nn cu trc ca bt nho l gliadin v glutenin.
Khi nho bt m, nu lng nc th gliadin v glutenin s hp ph nc v tng tc
nhau to thnh nhng si ch mng v mng mng dnh cc ht tinh bt thm nc li vi
nhau to thnh mng gluten t. nhit nho trn, tinh bt ch ht mt phn nc v
trng n. Cht lng gluten ca bt m nh hng nhiu n tnh cht bt nho v cht
lng sn phm. Cn chn loi bt m c hm lng protein thch hp cho mi loi sn phm.
C th phi trn nhiu loi bt vi nhau theo t l ph hp. ng kh tch ly trong khi bt
s nh hng xu n cht lng ca sn phm. Nu lng kh ln vo nhiu, trong qu trnh
gia nhit s gy hin tng r trn b mt, hoc gy gy v nh hng cu trc sn phm.
ng thi lng khng kh ny cng l tc nhn oxy ha lm gim gi tr dinh dng v mu
s c yu cu ca sn phm.
m v nhit cng l hai yu t nh hng nhiu ti cht lng bt nho:
- Trong qui trnh sn xut c qu trnh hp, do hm lng nc trong bt
nho cng cao lm tng dai cho sn phm sau hp. Tuy nhin nu m qu cao
th bt nho s dnh trc khi cn to hnh. V vy, vi cc loi bt m thng
thng, m bt nho c gi trong khong 30-35%. Vi loi bt m c cht
lng rt tt v cng ngh phi trn hin i, cc nh sn xut Nht Bn c th
nng m ti a ca bt nho n 40%.
- Nhit qu trnh nho trn s nh hng ti cc mi lin kt ca protein
mng gluten. Nhit cao th nc v cc phn t protein linh ng nn d to
31
lin kt, nhng li c kh nng lm bin tnh protein. V vy, n nh nhit

trong qu trnh nho trn cng gip n nh cht lng thnh phm. Nhit ca
ci trn chu nh hng ca thi tit, lc ma st, cc phn ng ha hc xy ra
trong ci trn v nhit ban u ca nguyn liu. Nhit sinh ra do ma st v do
cc phn ng ha hc ph thuc vo cu trc my v phn lng nguyn, ph
liu ca cng thc lm m nn kh thay i. n nh nhit, thit b nn c b
phn lm mt. Mt cch khc n nh nhit gia cc m trn l thay i
nhit nguyn liu. Th d khi thi tit n ng nng th s s dng nc lnh
phi trn.
3.1.1.3. Phng ph p thc hin
Qu trnh nho trn c thc hin theo nguyn t c: cc nguyn liu dng r n s
c phi trn vi nhau, phn lng trn vi phn lng. Nc s c phun t t vo ngn
trn bt kh. Tin hnh nho trn cho n khi hn hp bt to thnh khi bt nho ng
nht.
3.1.1.4. Thit b v thng s cng ngh
Thiet b tron bot la thung nam ngang c lam bang Inox. Thung tron co hai truc song song
vi nhau, tren moi truc co canh khuay gan xen k va lap nghieng. Hai truc chuyen ong
ngc chieu nhau nh c cau truyen ong qua hop so. Tren ca thung co ong hnh tru
khoan lo e phun nc trn vao khoi bot.Bn di c c a tho liu
Rong roc thi gian
ong c
Hop so
Than may
Canh khuay
Bo ket noi
Hnh 1 : S o cau tao coi tron bot
Hnh 2 Thit
nh o trn t
Thao tc:
Cong nhan van hanh may tron bot phai tuan thu cac bc thc hien lan lt theo
th t nh sau:
1. Kiem tra ben trong va ngoai cac thung may tron bot nham bao am khong co vat la
va am bao ve sinh sach se trc khi o bot.
32
2. Kiem tra cac ch so cai at :

- Nc tron bot a c pha che ay u va san sang cha?
- Chuan b va van chuyen lng bot can thiet len san thao tac bang cach s dung
xe ay va bang chuyen tai nghieng t mat at len san, khong nen cung luc chuyen qua
nhieu bot len san thao tac.
3. Xac nh chnh xac t le pha tron cac loai bot trong mot me tron.
4. Xac nh va cai at thi gian cho mot me tron tren bo nh thi gian Mixing Timer.
5. Kiem tra va chuan b cac chat phu gia cho vao me tron neu co.
6. ong cau dao t ong cap nguon ien vao tu ieu khien, en POWER sang.
7. Nhan nut Str-Prep ON cap nguon ien cho mach ieu khien, en Str-Prep bat sang.
8. Nhan nut ON Alkali Liquid Tank, en Alkali Liquid Tank sang, e khuay eu
dung dch nc tron trong bon cha.
9. Bat cong tac Gate Open sang v tr Hand e m th nap xa bot, v tr OFF e
ong lai va chuyen qua v tr AUTO e van hanh theo che o t ong (neu chon Hand th
may van hanh theo che o ieu khien bang tay: m cong xa bot tc thi).
10. Bat cong tac Discharge qua v tr ON, Scale-up qua v tr ON (cho phep t ong
ieu khien: bm nc len bon cha nh lng va xa nc tron vao coi tron), m tat ca cac
van tay tren ng ong dan nc tron vao bon nh lng va cac van dan nc tron vao
thung tron.
11. Nhan nut Incluing khi ong bm, bm nc tron len bon nh lng, khi nc tron
a u lng, may bm t ong tat, en Scale up bat sang bao hieu lng nc tron a san
sang.
12. M nap thung tron, bo bot va cac chat phu gia vao thung tron theo khoi lng va t
le a quy nh (chu y: nen o bot rai eu theo chieu dai thung tron).
13. ay nap thung tron, nhan nut Mixer ON, may tron bat au hoat ong, ong ho
nh thi gian cua mot me tron se bao ch so lng thi gian con lai may tron se dng, en
Discharge bat sang bao hieu ang m van ien t xa nc tron vao coi tron, sau khi xa het
nc tron tren bon nh lng, en Discharge tat, cac van ien t ong lai va may bm t
ong bm nc tron len bon nh lng chuan b cho lan tron ke tiep.
Chu y: Khi chuan b nhan nut khi ong may phai am bao trong thung tron co
u lng bot can tron, bon nh lng u lng nc tron quy nh va cac van tay xa nc
tron vao thung tron a c m.
33
14. Khi thi gian tron bao ch so 00.00, may tron t ong dng, en Gate Open bat
sang, nap xa bot m ra xa bot xuong pheu cha bot e cap bot cho may can. Khi bot a xa
het, nap xa c ong lai, en Gate Open tat chuan b cho lan tron tiep theo
15. Khi ngng hoat ong san xuat, phai tat may, van tat ca cac cong tac ve v tr OFF,
ngat cau dao t ong ngng cung cap ien vao tu ieu khien, ong tat ca cac van cung cap
kh nen, nc tron, lam ve sinh sach se ben trong, ben ngoai va khu vc xung quanh may.
16. Trong suot ca san xuat, cong nhan van hanh may tron phai luon theo doi cac dien
bien cua may mocthiet b, kiem tra hieu chnh cac thong so, kiem tra ap ng theo nhu cau
san xuat. Kp thi bao cho ngi quan ly trc tiep cac tnh trang bat thng e co bien
phap x ly nhanh chong, tranh cac thiet hai co the xay ra. Khong c ri khoi v tr cong
tac khi cha co s ong y cua trng ca san xuat.
Thng s:
- Nang suat: 250 300 kg bot kho/me.
-
Cong suat ong c: 15 HP
So vong quay: 1430 vong/phut.
m bt nho thng gi trong khong 32-34%.

- Nhit khi bt nho khong 37-380C.
- Thi gian trn bt kh: 2 pht 30 giy, thi gian trn bt t: 20 2 pht.
Yu cu:
Bt sau khi trn phi dng ht nh tng i ng nht, khng vn cc ln, mm
va phi, khng dnh tay, khng qu kh hoc qu t, c mu tr ng ng n vng nht, c
mi thm t nhin ca bt, v lt, khng c mi v l.
3.1.2. C n th c n
n tinh c n tinh
Bt sau khi nho trn c x t ci trn xung thng cha sau c a n h

thng cn nhm cn bt ra thnh cc l bt
3.1.2.1. Mc ch ca qu trnh cn
Nhm chuyn bt nho t trng thi ri thnh tm bt c dy u n.
m ng nht khi bt v tng n hi cho khi bt nho v gim lng kh ln
trong bt nho, trnh gy r b mt sn phm sau khi qua cc cng on gia nhit nh hp,
chin
Khi i qua cc trc cn, bt s c nn cht thnh tm d to hnh. ng thi to
s lin tc cho tm bt trc khi vo thit b c t to si.
3.1.2.2. C c bin i
Bin i vt l:
34

-
Gim xp ca khi bt do ui c mt phn khng kh v gim lng

nc t do c trong khi bt.
Gim m ca khi bt do c mt phn nc b tch ra.
Nhit khi bt tng nh.
Tng s kt dnh gia cc phn t lm khi bt dai v n hi hn.
To hnh dng tm cho khi bt.
Bin i ha hc:
Mt s lin kt ha hc b ph v do tc dng ca lc p v do s thot kh
trong qu trnh cn bt.
Protein c th b bin tnh do tc ng c hc.
Hnh thnh mt s lin kt gia cc phn t protein (nht l cc lin kt theo
phng ngang) do p lc trc cn, lm tng dai ca mng gluten.
3.1.2.3. Phng ph p thc hin
u trnh cn c chia lm 3 giai on:
- Cn th: bt nho t thng phn phi c a xung 2 cp trc cn th (l

cn i) v sau i 1 cp trc cn c ng knh 300mm. Vn tc trc cn
th nh, to lc nn ln p bt thnh tm v c a sang cn tinh.
- Cn bn tinh v cn tinh: h thng cn tinh c 5 cp trc, vn tc chuyn ng
gia cc l tng dn qua cc trc v khong cch gia hai trc ca cc cp
trc nh dn, khi tm bt qua cc cp trc s c dn mng dn.
u cu ca l bt sau khi cn:
- Sau khi ra khi trc cn bt cn c b mt tng i mn, dy ng u.
- L bt mng, mm, xp, khng rch, khng b lm m (do c ln bt kh
vo)
- Khng c l xp, b mt lng u.
- Kch thc ca tm bt mng dn khi qua cc trc cn, l bt qua trc cn tinh
cui cng dy khong 0,75 0,9mm.
35

3.1.2.4.
Thit b
Ngn cha bt m: c b phn nn bt bi 2 thanh chuyn ng ln xung p bt i

qua 2 cp l cn th u tin to ra 2 l bt, sau 2 l bt ny cng lc i qua cp l cn tip
theo to ra l bt c dy khong 5mm.
- Dn cn: gm nhiu cp trc cn, hot ng theo nguyn t c cp trc sao cho vn
tc quay ca cp trc sau nhanh hn cp trc trc to ra l bt c dy mng dn,
dy ca l bt ra khi cp trc cn cui cng khong 0.75 -0.9mm.
- He thong can bot gom 9 cap truc can c lam bang inox, trong o co 3 cap truc
can tho va 6 cap truc can ban va can tinh. ng knh cac truc can thay oi theo th t
giam dan t 300, 300, 300, 300, 240, 180, 150, 150, 120 mm. Chieu ngang truc can la 600
mm.
- Khoang cach khe h gia cac truc can trong mot cap giam dan t cap au en
cap cuoi (cuoi cung con khoang 0.76 0.77 mm) va co the thay oi c. Toc o quay cua
cac lo cung ieu chnh c e ieu chnh o cang tam bot.
- He thong truyen ong bang banh rang va xch.
Bo pha n cam bien
Ba ng tai
o ng c
Hnh 2A :S o ca u ta o he thong can tho
S o cau tao he thong can tho
36
Dao cat si
Hnh 2B : S o cau tao he thong can tinh

S o cau tao he thong can tinh
Hnh 3.3 H trc c n t

Thao tc
1. Kiem tra va ve sinh sach se ben trong va ngoai lo can, bang tai li, pheu
xuong bot va khu vc xung quanh.
2. Kiem tra va hieu chnh bo dao cat si cho phu hp
3. Kiem tra bot t may tron a xa xuong pheu bot cha
4. Kiem tra va phai am bao cac bo phan hap m, cat nh lng, chia lan, ti
soup va bo phan chao chien m a c van hanh san sang
5. ong cau dao t ong cap nguon ien vao tu ien ieu khien (Rollers
Control Panel) ; en POWER bat sang.
6. Nhan nut Str-Prep - ON, en Str-Prep bat sang, cap nguon ien cho mach
ien ieu khien.
7. Bat cong tac Feeder sang v tr AUTO, nhan nut Feeder-ON, en Feeder bat
sang, bo tach bot va bang tai cap bot hoat ong, cap bot vao pheu may can
oi. Khi pheu may can ay bot, bo cap bot se t ong dng. (Neu chuyen
sang v tr Hand, bang tai cap bot hoat ong theo che o bang tay).
8. Van volume dieu chnh toc o cua lo can tinh va lo can tho ve v tr 0, chuyen
cong tac Dough sheet Combining va Continuous Pressing Roller sang v tr
RUN, nhan nut Dough sheet Combining - ON va Continuous Pressing Roller
- ON, en bao Dough sheet Combining va Continuous Pressing Roller bat
sang, may can tho va may can tinh a c ong ien va chuan b hoat ong.
9. ieu chnh volume e tang dan toc o cua may can tho va may can tinh en
mot toc o cham hn so vi toc o hoat ong bnh thng.
37
10. Bot c lo can pha sau can thanh tam nh bang tai li chuyen ve trc,
sau o ghep vi tam bot cua lo can tho pha trc thanh mot tam, lan lt a
qua tng lo can tinh e ep mong dan, en khi a vao dao cat si th tam bot
co be day at 0.75 en 0.8 mm.
11. Phai luon can than khi a tam bot vao khe h tng lo can, tranh a tay vao
gan khe h. Tam bot khi a vao lo can phai c xep hai goc lai thanh hnh
mui ten, phan mui nhon c a vao khe h va sau o buong tay e lo t
keo tam bot vao.
12. e chnh o cang tam bot gia hai lo can, s dung hai khoa xoay truc vt
nang ha lo can ong cua tng bo lo can e chnh o day khe h cua hai lo
can. Bo lo can oi va lo can cuoi cung c ieu chnh khe h vi mot kch
thc quy nh ban au co nh, trong qua trnh ieu chnh o cang cac lo can
nay gi nguyen o day khong oi.
13. e chnh o phang eu cua tam bot, s dung bo khoa ieu chnh nang ha
rieng tng au truc cua lo can e chnh be day khe h eu suot lo can, tam
bot co o phang eu khi i qua cac lo can se khong b lang qua lai.
14. Trong qua trnh ieu chnh o cang, o phang cua tam bot luc ban au khong
nen e tam bot qua lo can dao cat si e tranh a si m khong at yeu cau
vao hap, gay nhieu phu pham au ra.
15. Khi tam bot a co o cang, o phang eu th cho qua lo can dao cat si va
kiem tra, hieu chnh bong si m sao cho at theo yeu cau ve chat lng si
m roi mi a vao phong hap.
16. Tiep tuc ieu chnh volume tang toc o cua lo can tho va cac tinh dan dan
cho en toc o yeu cau.
17. Trong suot ca san xuat, cong nhan van hanh may can phai luon luon theo doi
tnh trang may moc, am bao o phang, o cang cua tam bot eu suot cac lo
can; theo doi bong si m au ra cua dao cat si cung nh theo doi bot cap t
bo phan tron bot eu va kp thi; chu y lang nghe cac tieng ong hay tnh
trang khac thng cua may e co hng x ly kp thi, ngan chan toi a cac
h hong do s co xay ra.
18. Khi co s co may moc h hong ot xuat, rui ro tai nan th thc hien tat may
khan cap bang cach giat day cang doc theo truc may can bat k v tr nao
cua day, may se dng, en Emerg. Stop sang, coi bao ong hu ln. e tat coi
38
bao ong, nhan nut Buzzer - OFF. Sau khi khac phuc s co xong, nhan nut
Reset va thc hien lai cac bc khi ong.
19. Khi co s co qua tai may can (do ket bot, h bac an lo, can kim loai,), may
t ong dng ngay, en Overload bat sang, coi bao ong hu. Nhan nut Buzzer
- OFF etat coi. Sau khi khac phuc s co xong, nhan nut Reset va thc hien
lai cac bc khi ong.
20. Cac mieng bot qua can b rach, khong ung be day, khong c e rt
xuong nen nha gay d ban ma phai c gom lai va a len may tron lai.
21. Trong suot ca san xuat, cong nhan van hanh may can phai luon theo doi,
kiem tra tnh trang hoat ong cua may va xem xet en hoat ong cua cac bo
phan san xuat lien quan e phoi hp nhau mot cach chat che va hieu qua
trong suot day chuyen san xuat. Neu co bat k tnh huong nao bat thng phai
bao ngay cho ngi quan ly trc tiep e co bien phap x ky kp thi, tranh
cac thiet hai co the xay ra. Khong c ri khoi v tr cong tac khi cha co s
ong y cua trng ca san xuat.
22. Khi ngng hoat ong san xuat, phai tat may, van tat ca cac cong tac ve v tr
OFF, ngat cau dao t ong e ngng cung cap ien vao tu ieu khien. Cong
nhan van hanh may phai ve sinh sach se toan bo ben trong va ngoai may va
khu vc xung quanh
Thng s k thut
-
3 cap truc can tho: ng knh 300, 300, 300 mm, chieu ngang 600mm.
6 cap truc can ban tinh va can tinh: ng knh 300, 240, 180, 150, 150, 120
mm, chieu ngang 600mm.
Thong so ong c: 15 KW, 380V, 50Hz, 21.5 A.
Vn tc ca trc cn tinh: v 90 -130 vng/pht.

Khe h ca cc trc cn nh dn qua cc l trc.
B dy lp bt qua cc cp trc cn:
39
Bng 3.2 - B dy lp bt qua cc cp trc cn
Cp cn
Cp trc
ng
knh trc
B dy lp bt sau khi
qua trc cn
(mm)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
300
300
300
240
180
150
120
3 - 3.5
3 - 3.5
1.8 - 2.5
1.5 - 1.8
1.2 - 1.5
1- 1.2
0.8 - 0.9
Cn th
Cn bn tinh
Cn tinh
3.1.3. C t i-to
ng
Mi mt sn phm khng ch c nh gi cht lng bn trong m cn ph thuc

rt ln vo hnh dng, kch thc bn ngi nn vic to hnh cho si m l cn thit, c coi
l qu trnh khng th b qua trong cng ngh sn xut m n lin.
3.1.3.1. Mc ch ca qu trnh
To hnh dng, kch thc c trng cho si m n lin.
To sng lm tng gi tr cm quan ca v t m.
Yu cu:
Si m lng, khng b rng ca.
Si m ri, to thnh gn sng vi khong cch gn u nhau.
B mt si m lng, mn.
Si m c ng knh d 0,8 1mm.
3.1.3.2. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh cn c t
Cht lng ca sn phm sau qu trnh cn c t ph thuc vo rt nhiu yu t nh

hm lng v cht lng gluten, ng u v kch thc ca bt, m ca sn phm,
nhit ca bt nho, vn tc p, s ln cn
Gluten
Bt dng lm cc dng m n lin phi c hm lng gluten trong khong 26 32%.
Gluten phi c dai cn thit. Gluten xu v bt khng mn th b mt km nhn, khng
bng. Nu hm lng gluten qu cao (36 40%) th bt n hi mnh, kh p v b mt sn
phm cng khng nhn bng.
ng u v kch thc
ng u v kch thc ca cc phn t bt cng c nh hng n cht lng sn
phm. Bt khng mn u th mu s c ca sn phm cng khng u, sn phm km lng
bng v n hi cng b nh hng xu. Bt mn u th nc d dng phn b u, do
sn phm s u mu v nhn.
40
m ca bt nho
dai ca sn phm ph thuc rt r rt v m ca bt nho. Bt nho c m
cao th d to hnh, b mt sn phm thng nhn v bng. Nhng nu tng m qu 33%
th sn phm s tr nn chy, km n hi v d b t. Nu m qu thp s gy kh khn
trong vic to hnh, p lc p phi cao, do cng sut my phi tng.
Nhit bt nho
dai ca sn phm t l thun vi nhit bt nho (trong mt khong gii hn nht
nh). Nhit thch hp cho bn thnh phm ra khi khun l 43 460C. Nu tng nhit
bt nho n 600C th dai ca si m gim (do cc phn t protit b bin tnh).
Vn tc p
Vn tc p c nh hng n cht lng ca m. Vn tc p ph thuc vo m ca
bt nho, cht lng v nhit bt nho, tit din khi pVn tc p nh th sn phm s
ch c v b mt kh nhn bng, nhng nng sut ca my p thp.
S ln cn v thi gian cn
Cn cng nhiu ln th si m cng cht. Thng thng cn khong 5 8 ln. Thi
gian cn qu ng n th khng m bo ng u ca l bt. Thi gian qu di th nh hng
nng sut ca qu trnh.
ng knh ca trc cn
ng knh th nh n nng sut ca qu trnh. Nu ng knh qu nh th i hi
vn tc quay trc phi ln mi m bo c nng sut ca qu trnh. Nhng nh th th cn
nng lng ln quay motor nn s tn hao nng lng.
B mt trc cn
i vi trc to lc th i hi phi c nhm nht nh. Cn trc cn th phi c b
mt nhn to cho l bt c b mt nhn bng.
Trc c t
Trc c t c nhiu rnh, kch thc rnh bng vi kch thc si m c t ra, cc rnh
gia trc n khp vi nhau p l bt vo rnh to thnh si.
Vn tc ng ti
Vn tc bng ti chm hn trc c t cc si m n li, to sng, tng gi tr cm
quan cho v t m, ng thi gip cho si m sau ny khng b bin dng nhiu do gin n
nhit.
T l chi u dy tm bt trc v sau khi cn
41
c th m bo cc mi lin kt t b c t t v d c hi phc th t l chiu dy

gim cn nh trong khong 15 33%. Cn cn nhiu cp v nhiu ln.
3.1.3.3. Tin hnh
- My c t si gm 2 trc c x rnh chuyn ng ngc chiu nhau c t tm bt
thnh si v to sng.
+ ng knh trc lc c t: 88mm
+ Chiu su ca rnh: 3mm.
- Tm bt m ra khi h thng cn tinh t yu cu, c a vo khe h
gia 2 trc dao c t v c c t thnh si nh cc rnh trn trc dao. Cc si m c
to thnh c g ra khi cc rnh nh b phn lc t st vo b mt trc dao, trnh
lm chp m, ri si.
- Sau khi ra khi trc lc c t, cc si m di chuyn xung bng ti m bn
di.
- Do tc m i ra khi dao c t ln hn so vi tc ca bng chuyn, lm
cho si m b n li, to thnh cc dn sng, lm tng gi tr cm quan cho v t m,
ng thi gip cho si m sau ny khng b bin dng nhiu do gin n nhit.
- Bng ti m cng c chia ra lm nhiu hng m nh vo dao g n cui trc
lc c t.
ong c
Bo phan truyen ong
Hnh
3 :ca
Su do
u ta
S o
taoca
dao
caot dao
si cat si
Hnh 3.4
u tr nh c t i to sng ca m
42
Thng s cng ngh:

-
oi vi m si nho: bc rang la 1.25 mm
oi vi m si ln: bc rang la 2 mm.
Khe h gia 2 truc co the ieu chnh c bi vt ieu chnh. Chieu dai truc
dao cat si la 500mm.

-
Cc rnh trn 2 trc dao c: d= 0,8 1mm; su 4mm.

Vn tc si m ra khi dao c t phi ln hn rt nhiu so vi vn tc bng
chuyn tip nhn (li con).
- Vn tc dao c t ln hn rt nhiu so vi vn tc li con:
Vdao = 0,33 0,48m/s; Vli = 0,08 0,1m/s
3.1.4. Hp
3.1.4.1. Mc ch
Si m sau qu trnh to hnh s c a vo bung hp nhm h ho tinh
bt, bin tnh protein lm chn m, c nh cu trc si m, gim va nt ca si m
v tng dai trong nc si ca m ng thi v hot mt s enzyme, c ch, tiu dit vi
sinh vt tiu dit vi sinh vt cng nh loi b cc thnh phn gy mi c trong nguyn liu.
3.1.4.2. C c in i
Bin i vt l: nhit tng, m tng.
Bin i ho hc - ho l:
Protein b bin tnh.
Tinh bt c h ho.
Hi nc ngng t trn b mt si m.
y ra mt s phn ng: phn ng thu phn, phn hy vitamin, phn ng
hnh thnh hp cht bay hi to hng cho m hp, phn ng to mu.
Bin i ho sinh: cc enzyme b v hot.
Bin i sinh hc: vi sinh vt b c ch, tiu dit.
3.1.4.3. C c u t nh hng
Cc yu t nh hng l nhit v p sut hp, thi gian hp, vn tc bng
ti, kt cu thit b hp.

Nhit v thi gian hp nh hng nhiu nht n cht lng m. Nhit
cn duy tr trong khong 95-1000C, nhit hp qu cao hay thi gian hp qu di s d
sinh ra phn ng Maillard lm sm mu ca m, cu trc si m c th b nh hng xu
(sn phm b nho).Ngc li nhit qu thp hay thi gian qu ng n, tinh bt cha c
h ha hon ton, cc enzyme cha b c ch, gp nhit thch hp s xc tc cc phn
ng lm phn gii tinh bt, lm gim dai ca sn phm.
43
Ngoi ra vn tc ca bng ti cng nh hng n cht lng m. Vn tc ca

bng ti s c iu chnh kim sot thi gian lu trong bung hp ph hp vi yu
cu sn phm. Nu bng ti chuyn ng qu chm, bn thnh phm lu trong bung hp
thi gian di, lng nc b sung vo sn phm nhiu s lm gin cc lin kt ca khung
mng gluten, nh hng n cu trc v dai ca si m.
3.1.4.4. Thc hin
u cu k thut:
-
M sau khi hp phi c dng bng gn sng ri u.
Chn u, mm, dai, khng t mt di v khng dnh bt.
Mu vng nht, c mi thm c trng ca bt hp, v lt, khng c mi v l.
m trong khong 32 40%.
Thng cng ngh:

-
Thi gian hp: 2 pht -2 pht 45 giy
p sut hp: tng 4kg/cm2
Nhit hp: 95-1000C

3.1.4.5. Thit
Bung hp 3 tng hnh ch nht
Cu to
M ra
M vo
Hnh 3.5 cu to thit
hp
Bng ti m c b tr thnh 3 chng i trong phng hp 3 tng. Ti mi tng ca

bung hp, m s c gia nhit nh hi nc c phun t cc ng dn hi b tr dc theo
chiu di bng ti trong bung hp. Cc ng ny c c l phun hi gia nhit cho m. Hai
u phng hp c ng thot hi th ra ngoi. M theo bng ti vo thit b tng trn cng
44
sau di chuyn xung cc tng pha di ri i ra ngoi. Vn tc ca bng ti s c iu

chnh m c thi gian lu trong bung hp ph hp vi yu cu cng ngh.
Hot ng
M sau khi qua my c t si s theo bng ti vo phng hp lm chn m. M s c
bng ti chuyn t tng 1 n tng 3 ri i ra ngoi. Hi nc bo ha t l hi c cung
cp cho phng hp qua ng dn hi. T ng dn hi chnh s phn thnh 3 ng dn nh hn
vo ba tng ca phng hp, t ng dn hi nh mi tng ny li phn ra lm 3 ng b tr
theo chiu dc ca tng hp. Hi bo ha s phun ra theo cc l trn ng ng dn hi gia
nhit cho m. ng hi c th thay i (nu cn) bng cch iu chnh van trn ng ng.
u : hi s khng phun trc tip vo m m phi phun vo thnh thit b trnh
hin tng ng nc trn si bt.
C ch vn h nh
1. Kim tra, lm v sinh sch s bn trong v khu vc xung quanh, m bo khng lm
vng kt n hot ng ca my.
2. Kim tra hi nc c cp p n bung hp cha.
3. Kim tra v m van cp nc soup vo y bnh cha trn dy chuyn.
4. Kim tra v bt tt c cc cng t c trn t in v v tr OFF, vn cc volume iu
chnh tc v v tr 0, chuyn cng t c b iu chnh nhit v v tr READY.
5. ng cu dao t ng cp ngun in vo t in iu khin, n POWER bt sng.
6. Nhn nt Str-Bprep - ON, n Str-Bprep bt sng, cp ngun in vo mch iu
khin.
7. Bt cng t c Cutting sang v tr HAND, nhn nt Cutting ON khi ng ng c
my c t, n Cutting bt sng, sau vn volume iu chnh tc tng dn n tc
khong 30-50% so vi tc yu cu.
8. M van cp hi vo phng hp, ng h p lc chnh bo n ch s 03kg/cm2, iu
chnh m ca 3 van cp hi vo 3 tng ca phng hp t c ch s p lc qui
nh ti cc ng h o p lc t ngay sau cc van. Ch : ch c m van cp hi
nng vo phng hp khi phng hp ang hot ng.
9. Theo di hot ng ca b phn my cn, khi m b t u i vo phng hp th lp
c chuyn cng t c Cutting sang v tr AUTO v vn volume Cutting v v tr 0, lc
my c t bao gm li hp, dao c t nh lng, b chia ln s hot ng vi tc
ng b vi my cn.
10. Nhn nt Steamer Fan 1 ON, Steamer Fan 2 ON, Steamer Fan 3 ON, cc n
Steamer Fan 1, 2, 3 bt sng, 3 qut thi u phng hp hot ng.
11. Nhn nt Seasoning Pump ON, n Seasoning Pump bt sng. Bm nc soup
hot ng, cp nc soup t bn soup ln mng trn cp nc soup cho m chy
ngang qua. iu chnh lng trn nc soup dy hay mng bng cch iu chnh cc
van tay trn ng ng dn. Phi lun theo di v m van cp b sung nc soup t
bn nc soup chnh.
45
12. Nhn nt Blower 1 ON v Blower 2 ON, n Blower 1, 2 bt sng, 2 qut thi ro

pha trn b phn chia ln hot ng thi ro nc soup cho m sau khi m c
ti nc soup.
3.1.5. Th i ngui
3.1.5.1. Mc ch
u trnh thi ngui gip lm ro mt phn nc t do ng li trn b mt si m v
gip cho nhng si m b h ha dnh vo li bng ti tch ra,chun b cho qu trnh phun
nc lo.
3.1.5.2. Cc bin i
Vat ly:
+ o am giam, ty trong giam.
+ Nhiet o giam
3.1.5.3 Thiet b
He thong quat thoi khong kh at nam tren va di bang tai m.
3.1.5.4 Thong so ky thuat
+ Van toc thoi kh nen chon nho.
+ Lu lng khong kh: 4-5m3/Kg san pham.
3.1.6. C t nh lng
3.1.6.1. Mc ch
C t dy m thnh tng v t c trng lng nht nh v to hnh cho v t m
Cc vt c t t gn, ri hn nhau khng to rng ca u si
3.1.6.2.
Bin i
46
Ch yu l bin i vt l: kch thc, khi lng dy m thay i.

3.1.6.3. Thit b
Cu to:
Thit b l mt dao c t gm 2 trc, trong c mt trc g n li dao inox c t m,
trc cn li c tc dng nh mt tm k, hai trc quay ngc chiu nhau. Tc quay ca
dao c th iu chnh c.
Hnh 3.6 Dao c t m

Hot ng
Bng m theo bng ti c a qua dao c t nh lng. Dao quay c t bng m thnh
tng v t c trng lng theo yu cu. au , v t m nhanh chng c gp i nh mt c
cu y v c hng trn cc ln chun b qua giai on phun nc lo, qut ro, vo
khun v chin.
Thng s k thut
-
Cong suat ong c quay dao cat: P = 3 HP.
Chieu dai dao cat: 240 mm.
ng knh dao cat: = 60 mm
Nhp c t:n= 45-50
2 ln /pht
3.1.7. Phun nc l o
3.1.7.1. Mc ch: hon thin
- Tng hng v v gi tr dinh dng cho sn phm.
-
Lm cho cc si m ti, khng dnh vo nhau, khng b chai cng.

3.1.7.2. Cc bin i
Bin i vt l: m tng, khi lng tng.
Bin i ho l: c s thm thu dung dch nc lo vo trong v t
3.1.7.3. Cc yu t nh hng
Thnh phn v t l ca nc l o, lng nc lo, thi gian phun nc lo.
3.1.7.4. Thit b
47
Cac voi hoa sen co kha nang phun eu nc leo t tren xuong bang tai m. Di
bang tai co thung thu nc leo hoan lu tr lai. Dang thiet b nay si m hut t am hn
nhng kho eu.
Ngi ta co the cho bang tai m loi qua thung cha nc leo trong thi gian ngan.
Dang thiet b nay si m sau hap se hut am eu nhng lng am tang nhieu anh hng
ti cac qua trnh sau nen t s dung.
Mo hnh thiet b phun nc leo
3.1.8.
ut r o - V o khun:
3.1.8.1 Muc ch
Chuan b: co nh vat m chuan b cho qua trnh chien.
Hoan thien: tao hnh dang ong nhat cho vat m
3.1.8.2 Cac bien oi:
Vat ly: hnh dang thay oi tuy thuoc dang khuon.
3.1.8.3 Thiet b: cac khuon co dang hnh tron hoac hnh ch nhat, cac khuon nay
cung vi nap c gan tren xch tai va luon luon c ket hp lai vi nhau e khuon c
ay kn va co nh vat m trong qua trnh chien.
3.1.8.4 Thong so ky thuat:
+ Kch thc khuon (tuy tng loai m).
48
3.1.9. Chin
3.1.9.1. Mc ch
u trnh chin lm tng gi tr dinh dng ca sn phm do lng cht kh tng v
sn phm hp thu du m; tng gi tr cm quan vi nhng c tnh nh: ch c, gin, v c
bit, mi thm hp dn, mu c trngchin lm cho v t m tr nn gin xp v c hng
v c trng.
Do qu trnh tin hnh nhit cao, hu ht cc loi vi sinh vt u b tiu dit, cc
loi enzyme b v hot. Mt khc, lng nc trong qu trnh chin b loi tr, m ca sn
phm chin thp nn thun li cho bo qun, vi sinh vt kh xm nhp v pht trin c.
3.1.9.2. Cc bin i
Bin i ca m
Bin i vt l:
Giai on u: trong sn phm c s tng nhit hng ti cn bng vi
nhit du.
Giai on 2: khi nhit cao lm thay i cu trc si m. Th tch ca
sn phm tng do b trng n, nc trong sn phm b t u bay hi v du
t ngoi thm vo mnh hn. o b mt nc nn cui thi k ny si m b co
li (th tch gim dn cn th tch khong trng gia cc phn t tinh bt tng
ln).
Giai on 3: xy ra qu trnh bay hi mnh m nc t trong si m.
Giai on 4: hnh dng b bin i su s c, cu trc si m b bin i su s c
lm cho si m tr nn kh cng (gin).
Bin i ho hc:
Tinh bt trong m si di nh hng ca nhit b thu phn thnh cc cht trung

gian nh dextrin, lm cho sn phm chin c v c trng. extrin tip tc b thu phn thnh
ng. ng c sn trong sn phm s b caramel ho to mi thm, mu, v thch hp vi
khu v ngi tiu dng. Nhng sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh thu phn dextrin nh cc
acid, aldehyde v mt s cht khc to nn lp v ca sn phm chin.
To iu kin thun li cho phn ng to thnh cc melanoidine t acid amin v
ng n. y cng l mt nguyn nhn lm sm mu sn phm.
Bin i v gi tr cm quan:
Hu ht cc ch tiu cht lng ca sn phm sau khi chin nh mu, mi v, u rt
thch hp vi ngi tiu dng, lm tng gi tr cm quan ln ng k.
Ho sinh: cc enzyme ni bo b v hot nhit cao.
Sinh hc: cc t bo vi sinh vt b tiu dit.
Bin i ca du
Du tham gia vo qu trnh chin nh cht ti nhit, ng thi l nguyn liu ch yu
quyt inh cht lng sn phm cui cng.
49
Bin i ho hc:
- S thu phn: cc triglyceride b thu phn thnh cc di-, mono-glyceride,
glycerine v cc acid bo t do, lm tng kh nng b oxy ho ca du.
- S oxy ho: oxy ho nhit l nguyn nhn c bn dn n s thay i thnh
phn, cu trc ca du lm cho cht lng du chin gim r rt nh hng
trc tip n cht lng sn phm. Trong du c cha cc loi enzyme
lipoxydaza v lipaza. Enzyme lipoxydaza xc tin qu trnh oxy ho cc gc
acid v cc acid trong du. Enzyme lipaza xc tin qu trnh oxy ho cc
glicerid lm cho thnh phn ca du b thay i dn n s h hng v cht
lng.
Bin i v gi tr cm quan:
Trong thi gian chin v sau khi chin, mu s c ca du tr nn ti, trng thi snh
c hn, mi v gim, gi tr dinh dng gim i ng k, xut hin mt s hp cht c hi.
Mt khc, trong qu trnh chin do cc phn t c cha ng, tinh bt, celluloset sn
phm ri ra bm vo thnh thit b truyn nhit, tip xc vi nhit cao, b chy to thnh
mi kht, lm sm mu du, lm cho du b c.
Bao gm: m ca m em chin, cht lng ca du chin, nhit chin, thi gian
chin, phng php chin v thit b chin.
m ca sn phm cao th sn phm s gin xp nhng d thm du. Nu m ca
sn phm qu thp, sn phm s b chai cng. Nhit du cao, thi gian chin ng n th nc
bc hi nhanh nn sn phm t thm du, c mu vng sm v c mi ph hp vi th hiu
ca ngi Vit Nam nhng du chin mau hng. V vy, ko di thi gian s dng du cn
hn ch nhit chin.
Yu cu ca shorterning:
- Nhit chin khong: 150185oC.
- Thi gian chin: 23 pht.
- Thng xuyn quan st v iu chnh nhit ca du theo ng quy nh.
- Du khng b oxy ho, khng nhim cn.
Yu cu ca v t m:
- V t m phi c nhng ngp vo trong du trong khong thi gian v nhit
cn thit .
- V t m sau khi chin phi c m < 4.5%.
- Mu vng u, khng c m tr ng qu 2 cm, m khng chy kht, gy nt,
khng c mi v l.
- Hm lng cht bo tng, c mi v c trng ca m n lin.
3.1.9.4. Thit b
Thit b chin gm: cho chin, bn cha du, b phn gia nhit du, bm du vo
cho v bm tho du ra khi cho.
- Cho chin c dng hnh thang cn, c lm bng inox, b dy cho 5 mm,
cch nhit xung quanh bng bng thy tinh. Bn trong c h thng gm hai bng ti:
50
mt nhng ngp trong du dng np liu v tho sn phm, mt bng ti n p

trn so vi bng ti khun. Cc khun m i trong cho chin, cc n p khun trn
bng ti s t ng y va kht trn khun nhm trnh cho v t m tri ni trong
cho chin.
- Khun, n p y, khung truyn ng cng c lm bng inox, cng sut ng
c truyn ng l 3HP.
i y cho chin c cc rnh ngang hnh ch v, shortening s c bm
vo cho chin qua cc rnh ny. Cho chin cn thng vi mt hp hnh ch nht
gi l hp lc. Trong hp ny s c cn gt gt m vn ri trong cho chin ra
ngoi trnh lm chy kht du trong cho. ng c truyn cho thit b ny c p =
22KW, n = 1460 vng/pht.
- Bn ngoi cho chin cn c mt b phn trao i nhit ng lng ng. Du s
c gia nhit nh hi nc bo ha y ri c bm vo cho chin.
- B lc: lc du chin ti s dng.
- Bm hi lu: bm du tr li ti gia nhit v sau s dng.
- Cc ng ng dn: dn du vo cho, tho du v hi lu.
- H thng mng bn di bng ti m (m sau chin), s hng du st ri t v t
m xung. Khi mng y, du trong mng s c lc v bm tr li vo trong bn
trung gian ti s dng.
Cu to cho chin
Mai chao chien

Bo phan truyen ong
Con oi
Nhiet ke
M vao chao
Hnh 6 : S o
cau tao chao chien
Hnh 3.7 - cu to cho chin
51
Hot ng:
- Shorterning t cc thng c vo bn cha, gia nhit ti 60- 70oC ha
lng shorterning, sau du c bm vo bn trung gian, t bm ln thit b gia
nhit. y xy ra s trao i nhit gia hi nc bo ho v du ti nhit chin.
Du c bm vo cho chin m. Du sau khi trao i nhit trc tip vi m s c
a tr li thit b trao i nhit lm nng tr li. Trong khi chin, m chy y
c li dao gt ca bn trung gian y ra ngoi v cha trong r li g n trn bn
trung gian. M dnh trn n p khun s c thanh gt b c ngang bng ti n p y ra
ngoi.
- Du c bm t bn cha du vo trong thit b trao i nhit t c
nhit cn thit ri chy vo cho chin qua cc rnh hnh ch V di y cho.
Du s trao i nhit trc tip vi m ri c bm tr li ln thit b trao i nhit
c lm nng tr li. au li c bm vo cho chin. Ngoi ra, cho chin
cn thng vi thng hnh ch nht, cn gt trong thng ny s co m vn rt trong
cho ra ngoi hn ch gy h hng cho du chin.
- V t m sau khi cho vo khun i vo trong cho. Trong cho c mt bng ti
n p s kt hp y ln khun m nhm trnh cho m rt ra khi khun. Trong qu
trnh chin, m s b loi nc v du thm vo trong si m lm tng hng v v gi
tr dinh dng. ng thi s c mt lng du b mt i, do c mt h thng
chm thm du vo. pha trn cho chin c mt thng hnh ch nht c tc dng
cha du cn li vo cui ca sn xut. mi u ca sau, ngi ta cho du vo cho
gm lng du mi v lng du c. ng du c cn li s c chm t t
vo trong qu trnh chin.
Thng s k thut:
-
Kch thc cho chin: chiu di L = 12,2 m, chiu rng B = 1,94 m, chiu cao
H = 1,5m, b dy d = 5mm.
ng du chin trong cho: trung bnh 2 2,5 tn/ cho.
Nhit cho chin:
+ Nhit u vo ca cho chin l: t = 152 1550C
+ Nhit gia ca cho chin l: tg = 171 1740C
+ Nhit cui ca cho chin l: tc = 182 1840C
Thi gian chin: 2-2,5 pht
Cng sut bm tun hon du: P = 10HP
Cng sut ng c truyn ng dy chuyn khun v n p: P = 3HP.
Vn hnh:
1. Kim tra, v sinh sch s ton b cho chin, khun n p v khu vc xung quanh.
2. Xng nng du chin trong bn cha du. M cc van tay x ht nc ngng trn
ng ng, m van cp hi chnh vo b xng, iu chnh p lc hi mc 4kg/cm2,
52
ng cc van trn ng ng x nc ngng bng tay, m van tay chuyn sang ch

x nc ngng t ng.
3. M van x du shortening t bn cha vo cho chin m ng thi chm thm mt
lng du shortening lng mi t bn cha du nng (do nh cung cp du l p t)
gi cht lng du t theo yu cu cht lng ca phng m Bo Cht ng.
ng du mi c chm vo nhiu hay t ty theo kt qu kim tra ca phng kim
nghim.
4. Khi lng du shortening c chm y theo yu cu v s lng v cht
lng quy nh th tin hnh nhn nt Lifting Unit Down ON, n Lifting Unit
Down bt sng, ci bo ng pht ting ku bo ng an ton trc khi h cho, nhn
nt Buzzer OFF t t ci, nhn nt Lifting Unit Down ON mt ln ma, ng c
nng h cho hot ng, cho c h xung . Khi cho chin h xung n mc quy
nh, ng c t ng t t.
5. Bt cng t c Frying sang v tr HAND, nhn nt Frying ON, n Frying bt sng,
ng c ko sn ti khun v n p chin m c cp in chun b hot ng, iu
chnh volume Frying tng tc khun n p dn n mt tc thp hn tc
hot ng bnh thng.
6. Nhn nt Trainer C/V ON, n Trainer C/V bt sng, ng c ko bng ti co m
vn ca b lc du shortening hot ng trnh tnh trng nght cc li lc du.
7. Kim tra v m van nc lm mt cho my bm du tun hon, nhn nt Circulation
Pump ON, n Circulation Pump bt sng, bm tun hon hot ng, bm du
shortening lun chuyn qua b trao i nhit v cho chin m.
8. M cc van tay trn ng ng x nc ngng bng tay x ht nc ngng trn
ng ng v b trao i nhit, sau ng kn li, chuyn sang ch x nc
ngng t ng.
9. M cc van tay trn ng ng dn hi vo b trao i nhit. ng van x nc
ngng bng tay, m cc van trn ng ng x nc ngng t ng.
10. Chnh v ci t nhit chin ti b iu khin nhit ln mt tr s thch hp,
khng qu cao so vi nhit thc t ca du shortening ti cho chin (thng thng
nn chnh lch nhit khong 30-40oC). Lc ny van cp hi t ng (ng m
bng ng c Modul Control) s c m cp hi nng vo b trao i nhit gia
nhit du shortening. Khi nhit du thc t t n nhit ban u, van hi t
ng ng li, tip tc t nhit du ln tr s cao hn cho n khi t c nhit
chin cn thit. Trn b iu khin nhit c hin th cc tr s nhit ci t v
nhit thc t ti cho chin.
11. Trong qu trnh chin m, khi mun iu chnh nhit ca du ti cc v tr ca cho
chin th iu chnh m ca cc van bm trn cc ng ng dn du vo cho
chin.
12. Khi m b t u c cho vo khun, bt cng t c Frying sang v tr AUTO, nhn nt
Noodle Revising Divice ON, n Noodle Revising Divice bt sng, b s a m trong
khun hot ng, ko cn gt ni khp truyn ng cho cc tay s a m thc hin
vic s a m trong khun mt cch t ng.
53
13. Khi mun chnh trng lng v t m, ta iu chnh nm vn trn t iu khin. Ch

iu chnh mt ln cho mt loi trng lng lc ban u.
14. Bt cng t c Cooling C/V sang v tr AUTO, nhn nt Cooling C/V ON, n
Cooling C/V bt sng, ng c ko bng ti thi ngui hot ng ng b theo tc
ca cho chin.
15. Nhn nt Cooling Fan 1, 2, 3, 4 ON, n Cooling Fan 1, 2, 3, 4 bt sng, ton b
qut thi ngui hot ng.
16. Cng nhn vn hnh cho chin phi vn hnh, quan st v kim tra hot ng ca cc
b phn t phng hp m cho n ht bng ti thi ngui.
17. Trong qu trnh hot ng, lng du chin s b tiu hao dn, do phi thng
xuyn theo di mc du v chm lng du b sung cn thit. C th nhn bit mc
du shortening cho chin qua cc n bo Oil High v Oil Low. Khi mc du cn
mc qu thp, ng c bm du tun hon s t ng ngng hot ng, n Pump
Stop bt sng. ( iu ny s gy nh hng nhiu n sn xut, h hng sn phm
trong lc chin).
18. Trong sut qu trnh sn xut, cng nhn vn hnh cho chin phi lun lun theo di
cc din bin ca my mc thit b, kim ra hiu chnh cc thng s k thut p ng
theo nhu cu sn xut. Kp thi bo cho ngi qun l trc tip cc tnh trng bt
thng c bin php x l nhanh chng, trnh cc thit hi c th xy ra. Khng
c ri khi v tr cng tc khi cha c s ng ca trng ca sn xut.
au khi my ngng hot ng, phi bm tt c du shortening t cho chin ln bn cha.
Vn tt c cc cng t c v v tr OFF, ng t cu dao t ng ngng cp in vo t iu khin.
ng tt c cc van cung cp hi nng trn cc ng ng dn hi, ng van nc lm mt
my bm du tun hon, thng bo vi b phn ni hi ngng cp hi, sau tin hnh lm
v sinh tt c my mc thit b v khu vc xung quanh.
Yu cu
M sau khi chin phi c mu vng u, khng c m, ngm du u, khng b sng.
3.1.10. Tch du lm ngui
3.1.10.1. Mc ch
H nhit v t m chun b cho qu trnh ng gi. au khi chin, nhit v t m kh
cao, do cn lm ngui h nhit v t m xung nhit phng.
Tch bt lng du ng trn b mt v t m, ng thi lm ngui trnh s ngng t
ca hi nng trn b mt sn phm khi ng gi, trnh s ti nhim v pht trin ca vi sinh
vt, ko di thi gian bo qun.
H nhit lp du ng li lm kh v t m, gip tng gi tr cm quan, hn ch s
ht m v thi m.
-
3.1.10.2. Cc bin i
Nhit si m gim, b mt si m kh ro du
T trng gim
Nhit si m gim n nhit phng (30-40oC)
54

-
m gim do c s bay hi nc
S ng t ca shorterning trn v t m
V cm quan: v t m kh ro v gin.
Vn tc qut lm ngui
Thi gian lu ca cc v t m trong h thng lm ngui.
3.1.10.4. Phng ph p thc hin v thit b
H thng lm ngui l mt bung di hnh hp ch nht, c khung lm bng
s t, bn trong b tr 22 qut thi b tr so le thnh hai hng.
M sau khi chin s theo bng ti i vo h thng lm ngui v c cc qut
thi thi t trn xung lm ngui. au m s theo bng ti vo h thng
ng gi.
Yu cu k thut:
-
V t m phi ngui hn v ro du.

V t m khng b nhim tp cht, vi sinh vt, kim loi nng trong qu trnh lm
ngui.
Thng s k thut:
- Kch thc bung lm ngui: chiu di 15,3 m , chiu rng 1,501 m , chiu cao
1,640m.
- Cng sut ng c truyn ng bng ti lm ngui: 0,75KW.
- Thi gian lm ngui khong 249 giy.
- Cng sut qut: 0,2KW.
- S vng quay: 1390 1700 vng/pht.
3.1.11. Phn loi
3.1.11.1. Mc ch
Chun b cho qu trnh ng gi c lin tc.
Phn thnh cc loi m: chnh phm, th phm v ph phm.
+ M chnh phm: m t c tt c cc ch tiu cht lng ra.
+ M th phm: loi m ny c tch ring v c ng bao nylon bn
vi gi thnh r hn m chnh phm. Loi m ny chim khong 4-5% tng
thnh phm.
+ M ph phm: loi m ny dnh tp cht, cht bn, chy kht nn khng
dng cho ngi m dng lm thc n gia sc.
3.1.11.2. Thc hin:
Qu trnh ny ch yu c thc hin bng th cng.
3.1.12. ng g i
3.1.12.1.
Mc ch
Bo qun sn phm c lu hn do trnh c s tc ng ca cc yu t bn ngoi

lm nh hng n cht lng ca m: nhim bn, nhim c t mi trng v va p c hc.
55
D vn chuyn, bc xp.
Hon thin: to ra gi tr cm quan nhm thu ht khch hng.
Yu cu k thut:
- Mi ghp phi p, ngay ng n, khng b h.
- Trn bao b c in r ngy sn xut, hn s dng.
3.1.12.2. Thit b
ng gi cc gi m sau khi thm cc gi gia v thnh tng n v nh, bo qun,
phn phi v tng gi tr cm quan cho sn phm.
Cu to:
-
ch nh v: l xch ti trn c cc thanh ch n nhm nh v cc v t m

trc khi ng gi.
Ngm p dc: ngm c gia nhit bng in tr, c nhim v p v hn kn
mp dc ca cun giy.
Ngm p ngang v dao c t: p v hn ngang giy theo tng on nht nh, sau
kt hp c t ri ch va hn to thnh tng gi m ring bit.
My in: gm bnh cha mc in v vi phun. Vi phun s ht mc t bnh cha
mc v in date ln bao b m bng phng php phun.
Hot ng:
M t h thng lm ngui theo bng ti c xp ln lt vo xch nh v ri chuyn
ng theo xch nh v vo ng v tr bao khi ng gi. Bao b c gp li v ghp m
bng, in date ri tip tc qua b phn ghp ngm ghp m hai u, ng thi b phn ny c
g n dao c t gip c t ring tng gi ra.
Thng s k thut:
3.2.
-Kch thc dy chuyn ng gi: chiu rng b = 340mm , chiu cao h = 889mm ,
chiu di l = 3,150mm.
-Cng sut ng c l 0,2KW vi tc truyn ng c th thay i c.
CC S C TRONG SN XU T
Cc s c cng ngh c nh hng rt ln n cht lng m thnh phm.
Cc s c xy ra rt nhiu dng vi nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhau. o cn phi

xc nh ng nguyn nhn c bin php x l thch hp m thnh phm c cht lng
tt nht.
56

Bng
STT
C c c trong n xut
NGUYN NHN
CCH KH C PHC
- Bt xu
- Trn thm bt tt
i m khng - Pha bt khng ng (thiu - iu chnh cht ph gia to cu
nc, ph gia)
trc gel
dai
- Trn bt cha t
- Tng thi gian trn
- Trn bt cha t
- Trn li
- Trn thm bt tt
bt qua my - Bt xu
- Chnh my cn khng - iu chnh li my cn
cn khng u
ng
- Thiu bt
- p thm bt
- Tc quay ca cp trc - iu chnh tc quay ca trc
khng u
hoc khong cch gia hai trc
- Bt xu
- Trn thm bt tt
- Bt kh
- Tng m cho bt
bt b t
M qua c t si - Bt khng dai

b t, khng - ao c t b hng
- Bt trn khng u
u
- Trn thm bt tt
- Thay dao c t
- Trn bt li
i m hp - Bng ti i qu nhanh
- ng hi khng
khng chn
- iu chnh vn tc bng ti
- Tng thm hi
i m dnh bt
Hp qu chn
- Gim hi
- iu chnh vn tc bng ti
M c t ming - m cn qu mng
khng trng - Vn tc dao c t qu nhanh
lng
- Hp qu chn
- Gim hi, tng vn tc bng ti
M ngm nc - ut ngui khng cng
- Tng cng sut qut
l o t
sut
M chin
mu nht
10
M chin b
- iu chnh my cn
- iu chnh vn tc dao c t nh
lng
- Cht lng bt khng t

- Thay i bt
- Nhit , thi gian chin - Tng nhit v thi gian chin
khng t
- Nhit chin cao
- Mu trn vo bt nhiu
- H nhit chin
- Gim lng mu trn
57
- Thi gian chin di

- Cht lng du chin km
- M b dnh n p
- Tng vn tc bng ti chin

- Thay i du chin
- a n p v khun cho khp
- Cht lng bt khng t

- Cht lng du thp
- ut khng cng sut
- Mt in
- Thay i bt
- Thay i du chin
- Tng cng sut qut
- Ko ngay gin khun ln khi cho
11
M dnh du
12
- Bt trn khng u
- My cn khng u
- M hp khng chn
- m qu cao do qut ro
M c m sng
khng tt
- Bng m dnh li hay dy
qu
- N p khun y qu st
- iu chnh li ch trn
- iu chnh li my cn
- Tng p sut hi
- Tng cng sut qut ro
M ra khi cho - N p v khun khng kht

xu, si khng
gn
13
14
- M cha ro ht nc l o
- Tng cng sut qut ro
Hai mt v t m - Nhit du trong cho - Cha c bin php kh c phc c
th. Ch hn ch bng cch gim
vng khng u khng u
nhit v tng thi gian chin
15
- My ng gi b trc trc
Bao gi m - K thut t giy ng gi
khng kn, b vo my khng tt
lch hnh
- Giy xu
- iu chnh lch tc gia my

c t si v vn tc bng ti
- Chnh li n p khun
a n p v khun cho khp
- iu chnh my ng gi
- uan st tt, tch ly dn kinh
nghim
- Thay giy
58
CHNG IV - N PH M M N LI N
4.1.
PHN LOI SN PH M
Qu trnh sn xut khng hon ton n nh do cc s c v cng ngh v s c k

thut, v vy thnh phm thu c c cht lng khc nhau.
Thnh phm ca x nghip c chia thnh 3 loi: chnh phm, th phm v ph
phm.
4.1.1. Chnh phm
M chnh phm l m t cht lng theo quy nh ca x nghip, thng chim 80
85% khi lng sn phm. M ny c em i ng gi cng vi cc gi nm to nn rt
nhiu loi sn phm m n lin c hng v khc nhau.
Hin nay X nghip c khong 100 sn phm m chnh phm khc nhau.
Phn loi m chnh phm : theo khi lng: 85g, 80g, 75g, 70g, 65g, 60g.
Gm: m chay, m b bt tt, m m hng v tht nng, m m hng v tm
st me, m n lin: hng v Nam B, hng v thp cm, hng v tm chua cay, hi sn
chua cay, m tm, m cua, m hng v sate hnh, m tht heo, m thp cm, m giy Kraft (1
gi nm, 2 gi nm), m tm, m tm sate, m g cao cp, m bn tm, m chay c bit, m
tm c bit, m tm n lin, m Kim Hoa, m sn kinh , m chua cay Vit Nam, m tht
bm T uyn, m xo n lin.
Gioi thieu mot vai san pham gan ay cua cong ty:
- San pham tieu thu noi a
M ca ry ga
M ga hap hanh
Ma SP: MCGA
Ma SP: MGHH
Trong lng: 70gr
Trong lng: 70gr
M Ly tom yum
Ma SP: MLTY
Trong lng: 65g
59
M Tom hng v Han

M Ly hng ga
M ly ca ry ga
Quoc
Ma SP: MLGA65
Ma SP: MLCC
Ma SP: MTHQ
Trong lng: 65g
Trong lng: 65g
Trong lng: 65gr
M ga khoai khau
M lau chua cay Han Quoc
M tom chua cay khoai

khau
Ma SP: MTCCKK
Trong lng: 65gr
Ma SP: MGKK
Trong lng: 65gr
Ma SP: MTCC
Trong lng: 60gr
M bo sot cay
M lau thai
M ly hng bo luc lac
Ma SP: MLBOSC
Ma SP: MLLT
Ma SP: MLBO
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr
M tht ham
60
M ly hng ga
M ly hng tht ham
Ma SP: MPTH
Ma SP: MLGA
Ma SP: MTH
Trong lng: 80gr
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr
M lau hai san Thai Lan
M khoai tay hng ga
M bo sot cay
Ma SP: MPTSF
Ma SP: MPGA
Ma SP: MPBOCAY
Trong lng: 80gr
Trong lng: 80gr
Trong lng: 80gr
M chay rau nam Van Bao
M ga Van Bao
M tom chua cay Neko
Ma SP: MCH
Ma SP: MGVB
Ma SP: MTCCNK
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 65gr
M cua rang me Neko
M tht xao Neko
M tom chua cay
Ma SP: MCRMHQ
Ma SP: MTXNK
Ma SP: MTCCVH
Trong lng: 75gr
Trong lng: 70gr
Trong lng: 70gr
61
M ga la chanh
M Kim chi
Ma SP: MLCCHQ
Ma SP: MGLC
Ma SP: MKC
Trong lng: 75gr
Trong lng: 70gr
Trong lng: 80gr
M V Hng
M Tht nng Han Quoc
M ly (Lau Thai, Tht ham,

Bo luc lac)
Ma SP: MLL01
Ma SP: MVH
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr, 65gr
M Dau SaTe
M ly khay (Ga, TomYum,
Ma SP: MST
Lau Thai, Tht ham, Bo)
Trong lng: 75gr
Ma SP: MXK24
M lau tom Van Bao
M Ga Han Quoc
Ma SP: MVB
Ma SP: MGH01A
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 70gr
Trong lng: 65gr
Ma SP: MTNHQ
Trong lng: 70gr
M Hai san Han Quoc

Ma SP: MHSHQ
Trong lng: 70gr
M hai tom
Ma SP: MAL60G
Trong lng: 60gr, 65gr,
75gr
62
- San pham xuat khau:
M ca ry ga
M ga hap hanh
Ma SP: MCGA
Ma SP: MGHH
Trong lng: 70gr
Trong lng: 70gr
M Ly tom yum
Ma SP: MLTY
Trong lng: 65g
M tom chua cay khoai

M Ly hng ga
M ly ca ry ga
khau
Ma SP: MLGA65
Ma SP: MLCC
Ma SP: MTCCKK
Trong lng: 65g
Trong lng: 65g
Trong lng: 65gr
M ga khoai khau
M bo sot cay
Ma SP: MTCC
Ma SP: MLBOSC
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr
Ma SP: MGKK
Trong lng: 65gr
63
M lau thai
M ly hng bo luc lac
M ly hng ga
Ma SP: MLLT
Ma SP: MLBO
Ma SP: MLGA
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 60gr
M ly khay( hng ga, bo,

M ly hng tht ham
Ma SP: MTH
Trong lng: 60gr
tht ham)
Ma SP: MXK24
Trong lng: 60gr
M hai san Han Quoc

Ma SP: MHSHQ
Trong lng: 70gr
M tht ham
M lau hai san Thai Lan
M bo sot cay
Ma SP: MPTH
Ma SP: MPTSF
Ma SP: MPBOCAY
Trong lng: 80gr
Trong lng: 80gr
Trong lng: 80gr
M khoai tay hng ga
M Cari an lien
M cua V Hng
Ma SP: MPGA
Ma SP: MXK23
Ma SP: MXK22
Trong lng: 80gr
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 65gr
64
M ga Cary
M tom an lien
ViMi
Ma SP: MXK21
Ma SP: MXK20
Ma SP: MXK19
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 50gr
ViMi
M ga an lien
M chay an lien
Ma SP: MXK06
Ma SP: MXK13
Ma SP: MXK04
Trong lng: 50gr
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 65gr
M To (Lau Thai, Ga la
M Vt tiem
chanh, Ga Cary, Kim Chi, , M Heo
Ma SP: MXK11
Ga hap hanh)
Ma SP: MXK10
Trong lng: 70gr
Ma SP: MXK18
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 65gr
M Ga Xanh
M Ga Vang
M Ga Cary
Ma SP: MXK09
Ma SP: MXK08
Ma SP: MXK03
65
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 65gr
Trong lng: 50gr
M Cua
M Chay
M Bo
Ma SP: MXK02
Ma SP: MXK05
Ma SP: MXK01
Trong lng: 50gr
Trong lng: 60gr
Trong lng: 50gr
4.1.2. Th phm
M th phm l m khng t tiu chun cht lng nh khng trng lng, b mt
khng ro du, m c mu nht hoc m c mu do b chy kht. M ny c ng gi
bng bao PE, sau em bn di dng m k c khi lng 1kg, 8kg hoc 10kg.
4.1.3. Ph phm
M ph phm l m khng s dng cho ngi n do b b vn, chy kht, m sng,
t du, dnh tp cht... M ny c bn lm thc n cho gia sc.
66
u nh phn loi m ph phm:

Bng 4.1TN SP
M k
u nh phn loi m ph phm
C I M
GII HN
GHI CH
- Khng ng mu chun ca m thnh

phm
- Hnh dng v t m khng vung v n,
u n. Bng m dn hoc dn xu,
khng vng u, vi ch c m tr ng.
- V t m b m gc.
- Khng qu tr ng hoc
qu kht.
- Cc m tr ng phi
m bo chn, dn,
khng c sng,
mm.
- Khng c m qu
1/5 v t m.
- V t m ngm du, v t m vn kh.
- Khng c t du
- Mi v khng thm ngon nh m thnh trn b mt v t .
phm.
- Khng c c mi
l.
- Si m khng dai nh m thnh phm.
- Trng lng khng quy nh ca
loi m ang sn xut trn dy chuyn - Khng c b nt.
v khng ph hp chuyn sang loi
m thnh phm no khc.
- Khng c nh qu
60g/v t m trn.
M ming Gm cc v t m t tiu chun m k Tng i cn s dng

nhng vng cc im sau:
c
- V t m nh hn 60g/v t.
- V t m b b hoc m ln hn 1/5 v t
m.
- Mu xu hn m k
- Si m nu qu b
M vn
Cc ming b nh ca m ming + cc Cc vn m phi m

vn m trong qu trnh ng gi thnh bo v sinh
phm.
M sang
Cc vn m ly t cc mng hng m
u cho chin, trong gin thi ngui,
sng ly phn kh.
Bn chn
nui
M du
- Phn m vn t du tch ra t m
sng.
- Cc v t m nguyn b t du nng,
khng lm m k c.
Bn chn
nui
M chn M ht qut ri vi trong qu trnh sn

nui
xut.
Bn chn
nui
67

4.2.
KI M TRA SN PH M
4.2.1. Cc ch tiu ca m thnh phm
4.2.1.1.
Ch tiu cm quan
M trc khi a vo ng gi, c mi 30 pht c ly mu kim tra nhm nh gi

cht lng m khi s dng (pha ch vo nc si nh khi ngi tiu dng s dng). Qua
cng ng thi nh gi n nh ca dy chuyn sn xut.
-
V t m:
Trng thi: v t m tng i bng phng, bng m u n, khng ngm du,
khng c tp cht, si m dn (i vi m xut xng, xut kho).
Mu s c: mu vng u (theo mu), mt mt c php hi nht, khng c

sng m.
Kch thc: theo mu.
Nhit : m va phi (i vi m trn dy chuyn), ngui (i vi m xut

kho v m ti hn).
Mi v: thm (i vi m xut xng, xut kho), bt thm (i vi m ti hn),

khng kht, khng c mi l.
Trng lng: ng theo

7.301.
M nu:
Sau 4 pht: si m ng giy king phi trn, dai mm, si m ng giy kraft
phi khng b, khng sng. Nc m phi trong, nc m ca t c b nm
du phi thm c trng ca tng loi m.
Sau khi thm 4 pht: si m ng giy king khng n r rt, si m ng giy

kraft phi khng qu b.
4.2.1.2.
Ch tiu ha l
Ch tiu ha l c kim tra hng tun.
Bng 4.2 - Ch tiu ha l m thnh phm
Ch tiu
Hm lng protein, %, tnh trn cht kh, khng nh hn,

Hm lng Carbohydrat quy tinh bt, %, khng nh hn,
Hm lng cht bo, %, khng nh hn,
m, %, khng ln hn,
Hm lng mui n trong v t m, %, khng ln hn,
Hm lng tro khng tan trong HCl, %, khng ln hn,
Ch s peroxyd, ml Na2S2O3 0,002 N/g mu, khng ln hn,
H m lng
9,0
55
15
5,0
4,0
0,1
2,0
68

4.2.1.3.
Ch tiu vi sinh
Ch tiu vi sinh c kim tra hng tun.
Bng 4.3- Ch tiu vi sinh m thnh phm
Ch tiu
Tng s vi khun hiu kh, khun lc/g, khng ln hn,

Coliforms, khun lc/g, khng ln hn,
Staphylococcus aureus, khun lc/g, khng ln hn,
Clostridium perfringens, khun lc/g, khng ln hn,
Samonella, khun lc/g, khng ln hn,
Tng s bo t nm men, nm mc
H m lng
104
10
10
10
0
102
4.2.1.4.
Ch tiu v bao gi
Gi:
M phi c ng ng mu giy v ng cc gi gia v theo quy nh ca
cng ty.
ng gi phi kn, m thut, in ng hn s dng.
Thng:
Cc gi m phi v v ng loi thng theo quy nh ca cng ty.
- Dn thng phi kn, m thut, ng du sn xut phi ng, r.

4.2.2. Phng ph p kim tra cht lng sn phm
4.2.2.1.
Phng ph p ly mu
- Kim cht lng m: ly t nht 3 mu, mi mu 10 vt trn hng ngang ca
u ra bng chuyn thi ngui.
-
Kim m trong kho:

+ S thng ca l hng 100 thng: ly mu tt c hoc t nht 5 thng.
+ S thng ca l hng 100 thng: ly mu t nht 5%.
+ Mi thng ly t 1 - 2 gi.
4.2.2.2.
Phng ph p th
Trng thi, nhit , mu s c, tp cht, mi v v t: th bng cm quan ngay lc
ly mu.
Trng lng v t: kim tra trng lng trung bnh ca 5 v t m, sau so snh
vi bng quy nh trng lng ca v t m trn.
+ Th cht lng m nu: ly 4 v t m cho vo 4 t, trong c 1 t cho
thm gi gia v, sau chm nc si va v y n p lai. Sau 4 pht
m n p, ly a trn m, g p v n th , quan st nc m v nm mi v
ca t m c cho thm du. au khi thm 4 pht, n th ng thi quan st
nc m v si m. Cht lng m ca 4 t phi ng u v kt qu l gi
tr trung bnh.
Cc ch tiu ha l: kim tra ti phng th nghim ca cng ty, ring hm lng
tro khng tan trong HCl th kim phng th nghim bn ngoi 1 ln/nm.
69
4.3.
- Bao gi: kim tra ti khu ng gi.

4.2.3. Phng ph p x l sn phm khng ph hp
- M khng t ch tiu nhit : cho xp vo thng ch ngui v thng bo cho
k thut kim tra phng thi ngui.
- M khng t ch tiu trng thi, mc s c, cht lng khi nu: h loi theo bng
phn loi m ph phm, bo co trng ca xem xt nguyn nhn iu chnh.
- M t tt c cc ch tiu, tr ch tiu trng lng: chuyn sang ng m c
trng lng ph hp theo
7.3-01 v bo Trng ca iu chnh.
- M khng t v ch tiu kch thc si: bo Trng ca iu chnh.
- M ng gi khng t: cho vo thng x ra ng gi li v bo Trng ca
iu chnh my.
n thng khng t: dn hoc ng du li.
TN TR V BO QUN SN PH M.
4.3.1. T n tr
Do x nghip sn xut theo n t hng, ch mt phn b cho cc i l nn hng tn

kho rt t.
X nghip c kho bo qun hng xut khu l ch yu. Cn m cung cp cho cc i
l c th em vo kho nhng tn nhn cng vn chuyn. X nghip tn dng mt bng
rng trong phn xng gi m gn xut kho.
Mi t m sn xut ra, phng KC u lu mu li c th kim tra cht lng, i
chiu khi cn thit.
Ty loi m s c thi gian bo qun t 3-6 thng.
4.3.2. Bo qun
Ty theo cng ngh sn xut hay thng phm m ngi ta c quy cch bo qun sn
phm tt hn, bng cch kh c phc tuyt i nhng nguyn nhn ch yu gy h hng do
hin tng i, g t du, bt v cht lng du chin trong qu trnh sn xut nh hng n
cht lng sn phm.
Ngoi ra, do cht lng v tnh nng ca bao b em ng gi sn phm khng ph
hp nh: bao b chng thm nc, hi nc, chng thm kh v chng thot hng km, bao
b ghp m khng kn lm gim kh nng bo qun sn phm, v thi gian bo qun s ng n
i. ng thi, vic bo qun sn phm ni khng thch hp nh: c m v nhit cao,
khng thng thong cng lm gim thi gian bo qun.
70
5.1.
CHNG V - AN TO N LAO NG PHNG CH CHA CH

AN TO N LAO NG
u nh chung:
- Bt c cc b phn truyn ng no cng phi c b phn che ch n an ton.
- Cc h thng iu khin phi t v tr thun tin d thao tc khi vn hnh v
khi c s c.
- Khong cch gia cc thit b, cc dy chuyn v khong cch so vi tng phi
ln d lm vic.
- Thit b mang in phi c dy ni t an ton, thit b nhit phi c v cch
nhit, thit b chu p lc phi c van an ton v p k theo di.
- Khu vc c nhit cao (chin, hp) phi thng thong.
- Cng nhn vn hnh phi c trang b y kin thc cn thit v vn hnh
thit b v an ton lao ng.
u nh c th:
My trn bt:
- Khng a tay vo ci khi my ang hot ng.
- Khi dng my la bt phi ng t cu dao in.
- Khi c s c th t t my, ng t cu dao v bo ngay cho trng ca.
My cn bt:
- Khi a tm bt vo l cn, v tr tay cm cch khe h trc t nht 10cm.
- Ch c iu chnh tc khi my ang hot ng.
- Khi ng t in, phi ly tm bt khi my cn trnh kt bt.
Thit b hp: n p y phi tht kn, hn ch hi thot ra lm tn tht hi v gy
nguy him cho khu vc xung quanh.
Thit b chin:
- V sinh sch s khu vc l.
- Khi ko khung cho ln phi t cy khung ri tip tc ko ln v tr quy nh,
khng c ng trn ming cho, khi cho cn nng, khng c cho nc hoc
du ln nc vo.
- Khi cho ang nhit cao, khng c bm ht du trong cho.
- Cng nhn vn hnh cho khng c b v tr lm vic, thng xuyn kim tra
hot ng ca cho.
hi:
- Cng nhn vn hnh phi qua lp o to.
- Khng c ht thuc, t l a trong khu vc l hi.
- Sau mi ca v sinh khu vc, thu dn cc vt d chy.
- Cng nhn vn hnh l phi thng xuyn theo di, bo tr l hi theo ng thi
gian quy nh.
71

5.2.
PHNG CHY CHA CHY

u nh chung:
- Khng ht thuc, t l a trong khu vc d chy.
- Khng ty m c in.
- Cc thit b c nhit cao phi t xa tng v vt d chy.
- Thit b cha chy phi ni thun tin nht.
- Nh xng phi c nhiu li thot him.
hi, nguyn liu phi t khu vc ring v thng xuyn kim tra.
- Cng nhn iu hnh cc b phn phi c trang b kin thc v phng chy
cha chy.
u nh c th:
Khu vc cho chin:
- Mi ca trc phi lm v sinh khu vc, thng xuyn thu dn du v cc vt d
bn l a.
- Khi v sinh cho chin phi r a sch cc loi m vn trong khun v trong cho.
- Khi ang chin, gp mt in phi ko khun ln v dng cc li y cho, x l
cc s c khc phi ng t in, kha van du, kha van hi.
Khu vc l hi:
- Khi c hin tng bt thng phi bo co s a cha ngay.
Khi c s c phi ng t in, kha van du, van hi, x hi trong l.
6.1.
CHNG VI - X L M I T NG V V
X L M I T NG:
INH C NG NGHI P
72
6.1.1. X l cht thi r n:

Cht thi r n uc phn ra: loi khng nguy hi v loi nguy hi.
Loi khng nguy hi: giy( giy vn phng, giy carton), bao b c thi ca x
nghip ch yu l giy, bao b, rc sinh hot nn t c hi, d phn loi v c th ti s dng
(bao b, giy carton) nn c th uc thu gom bn..
Loi nguy hi: rc sinh hot, cc tp cht hu c t phn xung nm, phn xung du,
phn xung sn xut m uc thu gom, sau cng ty chuyn dng Hunh Kim Nht n
ch 2 ngy/ ln.
X than t qu trnh t than th uc ng c xe n ch hng ngy.
6.1.2. X l nc thi:
Nc dng cho sinh hot v sn xut:
-
Nc c bm t 2 ging khoan vo b cha trung gian, x l s b, lc qua cc

lp than , sau bm ln bn cao v, t y, nc c phn phi cho sn xut
v sinh hot ca x nghip.
Nc sinh hot dng cho vn phng l nc my c cung cp bi nh my
nc .
X l nc thi:
Nuc thi pht sinh t phn xung nm, xung nu du, nuc sinh hot, v sinh
thit b ti phn xung sn xut m. o c im ca x nghip sn xut m n
lin, nc thi khng cha nhiu cht c hi. nn s c x l bng phng
php l ng theo lu sau:
Nuc thi
b cha
b iu ha
b sinh hc
B l ng
b lc
nuc sau x l
Nuc sau x l uc s dng vo vic tui cy, v sinh sn bi, vo h c, x l kh

thi.
H thng x l nc thi
Tng lng nc thi pht sinh t hot ng sn xut v sinh hot ca cng nhn vin
trong nh my l khong 50m3/ngy. Trong :
- ng nc thi sinh hot ca cng ty pht sinh t hot ng nu n, v sinh ca cng
nhn vin khong 20m3/ngy.
- Cn li l lng nc thi sn xut pht sinh t cc khu sn xut v cng on v sinh
my mc thit b ca cc phn xng M, Cho, Gia v, Ph, nack.
Nc thi sinh hot v nc thi sn xut c tp trung vo b gom, sau dn v
h thng x l nc thi ca cng ty.
Cng ty xy dng v a vo vn hnh n nh hai h thng x l nc thi vi
cng sut cm x l I l 40m3/ngy, cm x l II l 60m3/ngy.
73
Phn xng m
i ch n rc
B gom II
B trung chuyn II
B IAF II
Vng m
Rc thi
sinh hot
B Anaerobic II
B Anoxic II
B hiu kh vt liu
m II
B l ng sinh hc II
Polyme
Bn l ng ha l II
PAC
Bn sinh hc
Bn thi
Nc sau x l thi ra h
gas, ra knh
(T/C B, QCVN 24:2009)
/BTNMT
Rc thi sinh hot
M t quy trnh x l nc thi.

Nc thi sn xut t cc phn xng sau khi qua li ch n rc s c dn v b
gom 1. B gom 1 cc tc dng tch vng du, l ng cn s b v iu ha lu lng, nng
nc thi trc khi bm v h thng. T b gom 1 nc thi c bm v b gom 2 ca trm
x l nc thi.
Nc thi sinh hot t nh n sau khi qua li ch n rc t chy v b gom 2 tch
vng du, l ng cn s b v iu ha lu lng, nng nc thi.
74
Nc thi c tch vng du s chy v b iu ha Anaerobic. Ti y, trong iu

kin k kh, cc vi sinh vt s phn hy mt phn cc cht hu c v cc cht hot ng b
mt c trong nc thi.
Nc thi tip tc qua b
noxic loi b NO3-. T b Anoxic, m phn nc thi
tun hon tr v b Anaerobic, mt phn chy sang b hiu kh vt liu m. Oxy c cung
cp duy tr s hot ng ca vi sinh vt trong b phn hy sinh hc hiu kh. Ti y cc
vi sinh vt hiu kh bm trn b mt vt liu m s tip tc phn hy cc cht nhim.
Nc thi t b sinh hc hiu kh t chy trn qua b l ng s mang theo phn bn
bong trc t vt liu m do qu trnh phn hy sinh hc l ng xung y b l ng v mt phn
c bm chm bm tun hon, mt phn v b Anoxic phc vu cho qu trnh phn hy cc
hp cht cha nitro, duy tr mt bn trong b.
Phn nc sau l ng trn b mt b l ng v phn bn d s c bm ln ng trn
trc khi vao cm x l ha l. Ti ng trn ha cht Chlorine, PC
va polyme c bm
nh lng bm vo hon trn vi nc thi bng cn v kh trng nc thi, phn nc sau

l ng thu bng mng thu nc b mt t xung quanh thnh bn Cm x l ha l.
Nc thi sau khi qua cm x l ha l t chy vo h gas quan tr c, qua ng h o
lu lng trc khi thi ra ngun tip nhn l knh Tham ng. Nc thi sau khi x l
m bo t Quy chun k thut Vit Nam v nc thi cng nghip ct B, QCVN 24:2009/
BTNMT.
75

6.1.3. X l kh thi:
Hi thot ra ngoi trong qu trnh hp, qu trnh chin ch yu l hi nuc, hi du

nn khng gy nhim ng k nn kh thi t tiu chun uc thi trc tip ra ngoi thng
qua ng khi cao thch hp.
Nhng hi thot ra t l hi th cn x l v cha bi, cc kh SOx, CO2do t t
than .
Phung php x l:
Khi thi t l hi
Nuc
Thp r a bi
B cha
ng khi
Kh thi ra ngoi
y nuc ly t khu x l nuc thi. Nuc uc s dng tun hon trong thp r a
bi, sau mt tun nuc trong b cha uc thay mi hon ton.
6.2.
V SINH CNG NGHI P
X nghip c h thng cp thot nc y , phn b hp l, bo m nhu cu sn

xut v sinh hot. Bn di cc dy chuyn sn xut c h thng thot nc thun tin cho
vic v sinh nh xng, thit b, m bo an ton v sinh thc phm.
Sau mi ca lm vic, cng nhn phi v sinh my mc thit b. H thng bng chuyn
c c r a bng bn chi, qut c lau chi bi, sn nh c v sinh bng x phng, thit
b hp c m ra c r a 1 tun 2 ln, trnh lm t t ng dn hi dn n hin tng m s
khng chn u.
Cc thit b chnh u phi c ch to bng thp khng r trnh s r st v m
bo v sinh an ton thc phm.
6.2.1. V sinh c nhn khi vo khu vc sn xut:
Mc ch:nhm m bo an ton v sinh cho sn xut thc phm.
Phm vi:p dng cho tt c cng nhn v nhng ngi ra vo phn xng sn
xut.
Trch nhim:tt c cng nhn, nhng ngi ra vo phn xng sn xut c
cng vic tip xc vi sn phm c trch nhim thc hin.
Ni dung:
76
Trc khi vo phn xng phi chnh trang ng phc, u tc gn gng trong
nn, r a tay ti bn r a gn c a ra vo.
- Trong khi sn xut khng mang ng h, hay cc loi trang sc, khng mng
tay di, khng sn mng tay. au khi n hay i v sinh phi r a bng x phng
trc khi vo phn xng. Khng kht nh ba bi, khng chi tc trong phn
xng. Mang bo h lao ng theo ng qui nh.
- Trang b bo h lao ng:
Phn xng m
+ Nam cng nhn dn thng i nn kt.
+ Cng nhn cho chin, my cn, trn bt, pha soup, bc m, s a khun, xp
m i nn kt v eo khu trang.
+ Cng nhn b nm du, la m i nn kt, eo khu trang, eo gng tay.
Phn xng nm: cng nhn phi eo khu trang, eo gng tay cao su, gng vi (
nu du).
u :
+ Ch vo khu vc sn xut ng c a quy nh.
+ Khch ra vo phn xng phi c s ng ca Ban gim c v c hng
dn ca ngi c trch nhim.
+ Mi s ra vo khu vc sn xut cng nh thc hin v sinh c cc an ton
v sinh vin kim sot chung v nh c nh. Cc ca kim tra cho ln nhau. Ban
gim c quyt nh bin php kh c phc khi khng tun th.
6.2.2. V inh phn xng m:
Mc ch: m bo ATVSTP, phng chng tai nn lao ng.
Phm vi: p dng trong dy chuyn sn xut, trong khun vin nh my.
Trch nhim: cng nhn trc tip sn xut, trng ca, t trng, t hnh chnh
m.
Ni dung: trong dy chuyn sn xut, cng nhn trc tip sn xut v sinh
my theo ng quy nh v gi gic ngng my v sinh.
- Khu vc trn bt: cng nhn trn bt lm v sinh hng ngy 30 pht vo cui ca
sn xut:
+ Lau chi, co bn trong v bn ngoi ci trn.
+ Co, lau hai ng x soup.
-
+ Qut dn i bt sch s.
Khu vc cn c t si: cng nhn lm v sinh hng ngy 30 pht vo cui ca sn
xut:
+ Lau chi, co mm hc cha bt.
+ Co, lau chi cc dn trc cn bt.
+ Ch r a li nh khun bong.
+ Qut dn khu vc my cn.

Khu vc phng hp: cng nhn v khun v t ng gi dy chuyn lm v sinh:
+ Hng ngy 60 pht vo cui ca sn xut: lau chi bn ngoi c gin phng
hp, qut dn, lau chi, r a sch sn gch men di phng hp.
+ Hng ngy 90 pht ca cui lch sn xut tun: m phng hp, co r a, qut
dn bn trong; qut dn , lau chi khu vc xung quanh phng hp.
77

-
Khu vc gin nhng soup: cng nhn v khun v t ng gi dy chuyn lm v

sinh:
+ Hng ngy 30 pht vo cui ca sn xut: qut dn, xt r a gin nhng soup,
chi r a sn gch men; lau chi qut thi ro; v sinh bn cha soup nhng.
+ Hng qu: t C- in v sinh cc ng ng dn soup t bn ti gin nhng
soup.
Khu vc cho chin: cng nhn vn hnh cho chin, trn bt, dn thng lm v
sinh:
+ Hng ngy 90 pht vo cui ca hai: lau chi gin khung cho, ht ht du
shortening trong cho, v sinh sch s cho, qut ht cc mng hng du cho,
m vn ri xung cho; v sinh khu vc xung quanh.
+ Hng nm tin hnh tng v sinh cho chin.
Khu vc gin thi ngui: cng nhn t ng gi lm v sinh:
+ Hng ngy 30 pht vo cui ca sn xut: lau chi c gin thi ngui v li
ti; qut dn cc mng hng m t di li ti; qut dn cc mng hng m
u gin thi ngui; lau chi mm la m; v sinh khu vc xung quanh gin.
+ Hng qu: m cc li chp qut thi, li ti v sinh sch s. lau chi bng
gin khung ca bng ti bc m. Xung quanh dy chuyn sn xut trong phn
xng, cng nhn v sinh cng nghip lm v sinh.
+ Hng ngy: qut dn, lau chi nn nh trong phn xng.
+ Hng thng: lau chi cc c a knh xung quanh phn xng.
+ Hng nm: tng v sinh trong khu vc sn xut.

- Khu vc ngoi phn xng, sn bi nh my: cng nhn v sinh cng nghip lm
v sinh hng ngy t 7h30: qut dn sn bi, phng v sinh, lau chi cc bn r a
tay dc theo phn xng. Hng nm tng v sinh ton nh my.
6.2.3 V inh phn xng bt nm:
Mc ch: thc hin v sinh phn xng nm ng theo quy nh m bo
VSATTP.
Phm vi: p dng cho trong v ngoi phn xng nm.
Trch nhim: trng ca, cng nhn trc tip sn xut, cng nhn v sinh phn
xng nm, nhn vin KCS.
Ni dung: cng nhn nhn ca sm 15 pht, xem ca trc c v sinh ng nh
quy nh hay khng bo cho trng ca ghi nhn vo phiu kim sot.
-
T s ch nm soup:
+ Mi ngy sau khi lm vic xong, tng c nhn dn gn ni lm vic : s p xp
nguyn vt liu theo tng loi ng ni quy nh, r a cn, qut dn nn nh.
+ Mi tun dng chi lng g qut trn nh v xung quanh tng.
+ Mi thng tng v sinh chung, lau r a c a knh.
T nu du :
+ Mi ngy sau khi lm vic xong : dng x phng r a ton b ni, cho, bn,
thng cha du, sau r a li bng nc sch, dng nc si r a sch can
78
cha du. ng khn nhng nc lau sch cc ci xay tiu, ti, ci . ut

dn nn nh.
+ Mi tun dng chi lng g qut trn nh v xung quanh tng. ng nc
r a gch men, lau r a gch men xung quanh tng.
+ Mi thng tng v sinh chung.
T ng gi nm du v rau:
+ T nm: mi ngy sau khi sn xut xong th dng c qut sch my ng gi,
tho ri bn ng nm, mm rt nm, mng dn r a sch bng nc, sau
lau kh. ng khn nhng nc v t ro lau kh ton b my ng gi v cn.
ng nc r a sch bn ng nm, sau dng khn kh lau li. Xp gn cc
bao ng nm s ch, gia v, mui rang s dng vo ni qui nh. Qut dn
nn nh. Mi tun dng chi lng g qut trn nh v xung quanh tng.
ng nc r a gch men, lau r a gch men xung quanh tng. Mi thng
tng v sinh chung.
+ My du: mi ngy sau khi sn xut xong th dng khn lau ton b my ng
gi v ton b du. Dng x phng git khn lt du v r a ton b dng c
sn xut, xp gn giy cun, can ng du trn k theo qui nh. Qut dn nn
nh. Mi tun dng chi lng g qut trn nh v xung quanh tng. Dng
nc r a gch men, lau r a gch men xung quanh tng. Mi thng tng v
sinh chung.
79
CHNG VII - KT LUN

Ngy nay, m n lin ni ring v cc sn phm n lin khc ni chung ng vai tr
kh quan trng gip a dng ha ba n cho ngi Vit Nam ngy cng bn rn. Vi vic p
dng k thut hin i ca Nht Bn, hin nay cng ty m THIN HNG p ng c
nhu cu tiu dng trong nc v phc v cho xut khu. Nhn chung cng ty rt a dng v
sn phm, cht lng n nh v c trng, c xut sang rt nhiu nc.
Trong sut qu trnh thc tp, c hc hi nhng kin thc v cng ngh cng nh
kinh nghim sn xut thc t, chng em xin a ra mt s nhn xt v nhng thun li, kh
khn ca nghip, ng thi c mt s kin ng gp nh nh sau.
Thun li
-
nghip m THIN HNG nm a im kh thun li, c th p ng

c nhng nguyn t c c bn cho mt a im xy dng nh my v giao
thng, in nc, ngun nhn lc...
u t my mc hin i vi dy chuyn sn xut m hin i, cng sut cao
do Nht Bn ch to.
c lng cn b v cng nhn c nhiu kinh nghim.
nghip ch n cng tc kim tra ngun nguyn liu v sn phm kh
tt nn m bo cht lng sn phm p ng cho nhu cu trong nc v xut
khu.
Ban lnh o thng xuyn quan tm v i sng ca cn b cng nhn vin
v gii quyt y cc chnh sch ca Nh nc i vi ngi lao ng.
Kh khn
-
Trong nn kinh t th trng a thnh phn, vn cnh tranh gay g t gia cc

doanh nghip sn xut cng loi sn phm m n lin l khng trnh khi.
l cc nhn hiu m Vina cecook, one, Ho Ho, nif, Chinsu... Ngi
tiu dng Vit Nam cha bit nhiu sn phm ca cng ty mc d cng ty
thnh lp t lu, do trc kia cng ty ch sn xut theo n t hng v ch
yu xm nhp th trng nc ngoi. Ch yu l do cng tc qung co cha
c u t ch trng.
Nh my cn mt s dy chuyn c, lc hu cn c i mi nng cao
nng sut.
Nhng kin ng g p
-
Cn tng cng thm nhp th trng trong nc a dng ha sn phm ni

a, y l th trng ln tim nng ti ch.
Cn tng cng khu qung co, tip th, m rng mng li phn phi v
gii thiu sn phm ti ngi tiu dng. ua , ta c th nh gi th hiu,
tm l khch hng, t ln k hoch sn xut thch hp v nghin cu sn
xut nhiu loi m khc nhau ph hp vi th hiu khch hng, nng cao uy tn
cht lng sn phm ca nghip.
80

-
Ci tin quy trnh cng ngh, ng dng nhng thnh tu khoa hc tin tin
vo hot ng sn xut nhm tit kim chi ph sn xut, gim gi thnh sn
phm to u th cnh tranh. Khng ngng ci tin cht lng sn phm v
mu m bao b nhm thu ht ngi tiu dng.
Cn ch nhiu hn n bo h lao ng cho cng nhn c bit l cng nhn
nam: pht khu trang hoc trang thit b ht bi (nu c th) nhm m bo
sc khe ca anh em trong cng nhn.
Nn b t u a cng ngh thng tin vo trong cng tc t chc v qun l
mi vic nhanh chng, r rng v cht ch hn.
Cui cng, chng em hy vng vi s h tr ca Nh nc v vic chuyn thnh

cng ty c phn, vi s n lc ca ton th cn b cng nhn trong nh my th thng
hiu M n lin THIN HNG s c nng cao trong lng ngi tiu dng v
nghip s ngy cng pht trin vng mnh.
81

PH LC
82
PH LC 2
1. QUY TRNH SN XU T CC SN PH M PH:
S ch
Hng
Gia v
Nm
Trn
ng gi
Bao b
Gi nm
Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut gi gia v
Gia v
Du
ong
Cn
Nu
ng gi
Bao b
Gi du
Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut gi du
83
Bng- Ch tiu v phng th c kim sot cc sn phm ph ca phn xng m
QUY
TRNH
V
CNG
ON
SN
XU T
GI
NM
SN
XU T
GI
DU
M C YU
CU
TN S
KI M
SOT
PHNG
TI N
KI M
SOT
c trng
Theo
7.3
1 ln/loi
4 ln/ca
Cm quan
Cn
Cm quan nguyn liu

nh lng du nguyn
liu
nh lng gia v
c trng
Theo cng thc
ph duyt
1 ln/loi
Cm quan
Cn
CN nu du/
KCS nu
du
Trng thi, mi v du
Loi giy
Cht lng ng gi
nh lng gi du
c trng
Theo
7.3
4 ln/ca
Cm quan
Cn
CN pha ch/
KCS nm
CH TIU
KI M SOT
Cm quan nguyn liu

nh lng hn hp gia
v
Thi gian trn
Mi v nm
nh lng gi nm
TRCH
NHI M
CN pha ch/
KCS nm
2. CC CH TI V NG N LI
V PHNG PHP KI M T A
2.1 Tiu chun t m ( Theo tiu chun TC 7.4.3-01)
2.1.1 u cu k thut:
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng bt, mn, ri, kh.

Mu s c: tr ng hoc tr ng ng c trng ca bt m.
Mi v: mi v c trng ca bt m.
Tp cht (ct, su, mt): khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng.
Cm quan Gluten t: trng thi mn, ch c, mm. Trng thi mu s c tr ng
ng n xm nht, n hi trung bnh n tt.
84

Ch tiu Ha l:
STT
TN CH TI
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
Hm lng Gluten t, %
cng t, cm
m,%
chua, ml NaOH 1N/100g
Hm lng Protein
Hm lng tro,%
Tp cht s t, g/kg
2.1.2
-
OI 1
> 27
17
14
3.5
10
0.75
3.0
OI 2
> 24
10
14
3.5
9.0
0.75
3.0
Phng ph p l mu
y bng xin v tr bt k ca bao bt.
lng mu:
+ bao ca l hng 100: ly mu tt c hoc t nht 05 bao.
+
2.1.3
-
M C C
T NG
T
24-40
10-18
14
3.5
9-12
0.75
3.0
bao ca hng
100: ly t nht 5%.
+ Tng lng mu khong 200g.

Trn v chia u c mt mu i din khong 30g.
i vi ch tiu kim ngoi: ly mu theo yu cu ca ni kim.
Phng ph p th
Trng thi, mu s c, mi v, tp cht:
+ Th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu chun.
+ Mu chun l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1

ln/6 thng.
- Ch tiu Ha 1-2: kim theo TCVN 1874-86.
- Ch tiu Ha 3-5: kim theo H 8.2.4-01 v H 8.2.4-02.
- Ch tiu Ha 6-7: kim ngoi phng th nghim c uy tn.
2.2 Tiu chun hortening (theo TC 7.4.3 02)
2.2.1
u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng c, mm va phi, b mt bng, mn nhit phng.

Mu s c: mu tr ng hoc tr ng ng c trng.
Mi v: c trng.
Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn bng m t thng.
85
Ch tiu Ha l:
STT
01
02
03
04
05
06
TN CH TI
m v cht bay hi, %
im nng chy, 0C
cid bo t do (quy v acid palmitic), %
Ch s peroxide, meq/kg
Ch s iod, g/100g
Phn ng Kreiss
2.2.2
-
Phng ph p l mu
hortening c trong thng carton: khui thng, dng mung inox ly mu.
hortening lng trong bn: dng cc thy tinh hng ti ng x.
lng mu:
2.2.3
-
M C C
0.2
48 - 52
0.1
2.0
30-50
m tnh
thng ca l hng 100: ly mu tt c hoc t nht 5 thng.
thng ca l hng
hortening giao bng xe bn: ly 01 mu ti bn.
100: ly mu t nht 5% s thng.
+ Tng lng mu khong 1 kg.

Gp v trn mu c mu i din.
i vi cc ch tiu kim ngoi, ly mu theo yu cu ca ni kim.
Phng ph p th
Trng thi, mu s c, mi v, tp cht: th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu
chun (l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/ nm).
Cc ch tiu Ha l t 1-5: kim theo H 8.2.4-01 v H 8.2.4-02.
Ch tiu Ha l 6: kim ngoi phng th nghim c uy tn.
2.3 Tiu chun du tinh lu n (theo TC 7.4.3 03)

2.3.1
u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng lng, trong sut.

Mu s c: khng mu n vng nht.
Mi v: khng mi, v bo, khng c mi v l.
Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng.
86
Ch tiu ha l:
STT
01
02
03
04
TN CH TI
Ch s acid, mg KOH/g
Ch s peroxid, meq/kg
Ch s iod
i vi du da tinh luyn
i vi du c tinh luyn
Hm lng nc v cht bay hi, %
M C C
0.4
5
6-11
50-60
0.1
Phng ph p l mu
u giao bng thng: ly mu t 10-30% s thng du, trn u c 1 mu
i din khong 500ml.
u giao bng bn: ly 1 mu khong 500ml ti bn.
2.3.3 Phng ph p th
- Trng thi, mu s c, mi v, tp cht: th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu
chun (l mu c Phng Kim Nghin ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/ nm).
- Ch tiu Ha t 1-3: kim theo H 8.2.4-02.
- Ch tiu Ha l 4: kim theo H 8.2.4-01.
2.4 Tiu chun mui (theo TC 7.4.3 04)
2.4.1
u cu k thut
2.3.2
-
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng ht nh u n.

Mu s c: tr ng.
Mi v: khng mi, v mn, khng c mi v l
Ch tiu ha l:
STT
TN CH TI
01
02
03
04
Tp cht khng tan trong nc, %kl,

m, %,
tinh khit, %,
Hm lng cc ion,
Ca2+
Mg2+
SO42-
M C C
Mui rang
Mui nu
0.3
0.5
1.0
6.0
96.5
91.4
0.38
0.59
1.18
0.37
0.56
1.16
87

2.4.2
-
Phng ph p l mu
y mu bng xin v tr bt k hoc ly ming bao.
lng mu:
+ bao ca l hng 100: ly mu tt c hoc t nht 5 bao.
+
bao ca l hng
100: ly mu t nht 5% s bao.

- Trn u v chia mu c 1 mu i din khong 30g.
2.4.3 Phng ph p th
- Trng thi, mu s c, mi v: th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu chun ( l
mu c Phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/ 6 thng).
- Tp cht:
+ Cn 10g mu, ha tan trong 100ml nc ct, lc dung dch qua giy lc
( cn). y giy lc n trng lng khng i. Cn tnh % tp cht.
+ C th nh gi nhanh bng cm quan bng cch quan st mu s c, bt,
trong, cn khng tan ca dung dch theo kinh nghim ca KC .
- Ch tiu Ha l 2,3: kim theo H 8.2.4-01, 02.
- Ch tiu Ha l 4: kim ngoi phng Th Nghim c uy tn.
2.5 Tiu chun ng (theo TC7.4.3 05)
2.5.1
u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng tinh th ri, kh, u n.

Mu s c: ng trn nm: tr ng tinh; ng pha soup: vng ng n tr ng.
Mi v: mi thm c trng ca ng, v ngt thanh, khng c mi mt r,
khng c mi v l.
Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t.
Ch tiu Ha :
01
TN CH TI
m: - ng nm, %
- ng soup ,%
M C C
0.5
1.0
02
Hm lng saccharose
99.5
STT
2.5.2
-
Phng ph p l mu
y bng xin v tr bt k, nu khng dng xin th ly ming bao.
lng mu:
+ bao ca l hng 100: ly mu tt c hoc t nht 5 bao;
+
2.5.3
bao ca l hng
100: ly mu t nht 5%;

Gp mu v trn u c mu i din.
Phng ph p th
88
Trng thi, mu s c, mi v: th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu chun

(mu chun l mu c phng u T Cng Ngh ph duyt v thay mu 1
ln / 6 thng).
- Tp cht: nh gi bng cm quan nh sau: 20g mu ha tan trong 200cc nc
ct. uan st mu s c, bt, trong cn khng tan ca dung dch.
- Ch tiu Ha l 1: kim theo H 8.2.4-01
- Ch tiu Ha l 2: kim theo H 8.2.4-02
2.5.4 X l
- Mu t tt c ch tiu: thng bo cho hng nhp kho.
- Mu khng t mt trong nhng ch tiu ca yu cu Ha l: x l theo TT
8.3: TT kim sot sn phm khng ph hp.
2.6 Tiu chun t ngt
2.6.1
u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng tinh th ri, kh, hnh kim nh (bt ngt pha soup), kim ln
(bt ngt trn nm).
Mu s c: mu tr ng trong.
Mi v: mi c trng ca bt ngt, v l ca bt ngt, khng c mi v l.
Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn thy c bng m t thng.
Ch tiu Ha l:
STT
01
02
03
04
2.6.2
-
TN CH TI
Gim khi lng khi sy 980C 5h, %
pH dd 1:20
Hm lng clorua, %
Hm lng ch, mg/kg
Phng ph p l mu
y mu bng xin v tr bt k, nu bao khng dng xin c th ly
ming bao.
lng mu:
+ bao ca l hng 100: ly mu tt c hoc t nht 5 bao
+
2.6.3
-
M C C
0.5
6.7-7.2
0.2
5
bao ca l hng
100: ly mu t nht 5%;

Gp mu, trn u c mu i din.
Phng ph p th
Trng thi, mu s c: th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu chun. Mu chun
l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/ nm.
Mi v, tp cht: cn 5g bt ngt ha tan trong 100 ml nc. Ng i mi, nm
v. uan st cht khng tan di y ly.
Cc ch tiu Ha l 1-2: kim theo H 8.2.4-01
Ch tiu Ha l 3: kim theo H 8.2.4-02
89
- Ch tiu Ha l 4: kim ngoi phng Th nghim c uy tn.

2.7 Ch tiu I G
2.7.1
u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
ng gi v ghi nhn: bao b nguyn vn, sch s, ghi nhn I + G, ni sn

xut, hn s dng cn hiu lc.
Trng thi: dng bt mn, ri, khng vn cc.
Mu s c: tr ng tinh.
Mi v : c trng theo mu.
Ch tiu Ha l:
STT
TN CH TIU
M C C
01
02
03
04
05
m, %, khng ln hn
pH dung dch 10%, trong khong
nh danh disodium 5 -isonate+ disodium 5 guanylate
Hm lng i+G, % tnh trn cht kh, khng nh hn
T l I:G
06
Kim loi nng: -Ch, ppm, khng ln hn

- rsen, ppm, khng ln hn
25
7-8,5
ng
97
1 0,1
10
1
2.7.2
2.7.3
2.8
Phng ph p l mu
lng mu: ly mu t nht 20% s n v ng gi ca l hng, lng mu
khong 20g/ mu.
Gp mu v trn u thnh mu i din.
Phng ph p th
chun (mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/1 nm).
Cc ch tiu c l ho t 1-2 : Kim theo H 8.2.4-01.
Ch tiu ho l t 3-6: Kim ngoi phng Th Nghim c uy tn.
Tiu chun gia v t
p dng kim tra cht lng cc lai bt gia v nh bt t, bt ng v, bt v ph,

qu bt, bt c ri, bt gng
2.8.1
-
u cu k thut
Trng thi: dng bt, kh, mn.
Mu s c:
+ Bt t: mu bm, khng qu ti, khng qu sm.
+ Bt ng v, v ph, qu: mu nu n nu .
+ Bt gng: mu vng c trng ca gng.
+ Bt c ri: mu vng ngh.
90
Mi v: mi thm, v cay c trng ca tng loi: t, ng v, v ph, qu, bt

c ri, bt gng, khng c mi v l.
- Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng.
m: ti a 6%.
2.8.2 Phng ph p l mu
y mu bng xin v tr bt k, nu bao khng dng xin c th ly
ming bao.
lng mu: kim tng bao, tng lng mu khong 200g.
- Trn v chia mu c mu i din khong 30g.
2.8.3 Phng ph p th
- Trng thi, mu s c, mi v: th bng cm quan v so snh vi mu chun.
Mu chun l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/ 6
thng.
- Tp cht: nh gi bng cm quan nh sau: cn 10g mu ha trong 200cc
nc ct. uan st cn l ng di y ca dung dch.
m: kim theo H 8.2.4-01.
2.9 Tiu chun rau
2.9.1
u cu k thut
- Trng thi: dng cng kh, u n, chiu di ng gi (khong
3-5 mm)
- Mu s c: mu xanh ca rau sy, khng a vng.
- Mi v: mi thm c trng ca tng loi.
- Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng.
m 10%
- M bao ly mu v tr bt k.
lng mu:
+
y mu tt c cc bao hng.
- Trn v chia mu c 1 mu khong 20g.
2.9.3 Phng ph p th
- Trng thi, mu s c, mi v, tp cht: th bng cm quan so snh vi mu
chun. Mu chun l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1
ln/ 3 thng.
m : kim theo H 8.2.4-01.1
2.10 Ch tiu guar gum CMC
2.10.1 u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng bt mn ri, khng vn cc.

Mu s c: tr ng n tr ng ng, mi v : mi c trng, v lt, khng c mi v
l.
91

-
Tp cht : khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng.

ng gi v ghi nhn:
+ Bao b nguyn vn.
+ Ghi nhn: guar gum / CMC, ni sn xut, hn s dng cn hiu lc.
Ch tiu ho l
STT
01
02
03
04
TN CH TI
m, %, khng ln hn
pH dung dch 10% trong khong
nht dung dch 1%, cp, khng nh hn
Tro khng tan, %, khng ln hn
M C C
14
57
3000
1,5
05
Kim loi nng

- Ch, ppm, khng ln hn
10
1
y bng xin v tr by k, nu khng dng xin th ly ming bao.
lng mu : ly mu t nht 5% s bao ca l hng, tng lng mu
khong 100g.
- Trn v chia mu c mu i din khong 20g.
2.10.3 Phng ph p th
chun (l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln / 1
nm).
- Ch tiu c l ho t 1-3 : Kim theo H 8.2.4-01.
- Ch tiu ho l 4-5
: Kim ngoi phng Th Nghim c uy tn.
2.11 Ch tiu i vi hng liu dng t
2.11.1 u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan :
-
ng gi v ghi nhn:
+ Bao b nguyn vn, sch s.
+ Trn bao b c ghi: tn / m s hng liu, cng ty / nc sn xut, hn s
dng cn hiu lc.
Trng thi: dng bt mn, kh, ri.
Mu s c, mi v: c trng nh mu.
Ch tiu ho l:
STT
01
TN CH TI
m, %, khng qu
M C C
7
92

Kim loi nng:
02
10
1
- M bao b ly mu.
lng mu:ly mu 20% s n v ng gi ca l hng, lng mu:
khong 20g/mu.
- Gp mu v trn u thnh mu i din.
2.11.3 Phng ph p th
chun (l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/6
thng).
- Ch tiu c l ho 1: Kim theo H 8.2.4-01.
- Ch tiu ho l 2: Kim ngoi phng Th Nghim c uy tn.
2.12 Ch tiu hng liu dng du

2.12.1 Yu cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
ng gi v ghi nhn:
+ Bao b nguyn vn.
+ Ghi nhn: tn/m s hng liu, ni sn xut, hn s dng cn hiu lc.
Trng thi: dng du trong, ng nht.
Mu s c, mi v : c trng nh mu.
Tp cht : khng c tp cht nhn thy bng m t thng.
Ch tiu ho l:
STT
01
TN CH TI
m, %, khng qu
M C C
7
02
Kim loi nng:

-Ch, ppm, khng ln hn
10
1
- M bao b ly mu
lng mu : ly mu 20% s n v ng gi ca l hng, lng mu
khong 20g/ mu.
2.12.3 Phng ph p th
93

chun (l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln/6
thng).
- Ch tiu c l ho 1 : Kim theo H 8.2.4-01.
- Ch tiu ho l 2: Kim ngoi phng Th Nghim c uy tn.
1.13 Ch tiu m u thc phm
1.13.1 u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
ng gi v ghi nhn: bao b nguyn vn, sch s, ghi nhn ng vi tn loi

mu c chp nhn, ni sn xut, hn s dng cn hiu lc.
Trng thi: dng bt mn, ri, khng vn cc.
Mu s c: theo mu chun.
Ch tiu ho l:
2.
2.1.
STT
01
02
TN CH TI
nh danh
Hm lng chnh, %, khng nh hn
M C C
ng
85
03
Kim loi nng :

10
1
1.13.2. Phng ph p l mu
lng mu: ly mu t nht 20% s n v ng gi ca l hng, lng mu
khong 20g/ mu.
1.13.3. Phng ph p th
chun (l mu c phng Kim Nghim ph duyt v thay mu 1 ln / 1
nm).
- Tp cht : cn 1g mu ho tan trong 100cc nc ct. uan st mu s c,
trong, cn khng tan ca dung dch.
- Cc ch tiu ho l: kim ngoi phng Th Nghim c uy tn.
KI M T A CH T L NG A CC
T NH
Bt au khi trn oup .
2.1.1. u cu k thut
- Trng thi: dng ht nh tng i ng nht, m, mm va phi.
- Mu s c: tr ng ng n vng nht.
- Mi v: mi thm t nhin ca bt, v lt, khng c mi v l.
- Tp cht: khng c ct, sn, su mt hoc vt l khc.
94
2.2.
m: trong khong 32 34%.

y t nht 3 mu, mi mu 50g ti cho cp bt v tr bt k, cho vo bao
nylon kn.
- Mu c gp li v trn u thnh mt mu i din.
2.1.3. Phng ph p th
- Trng thi, mu s c, mi v: th bng cm quan ngay lc ly mu.
m: s dng my o m hoc bng phng php sy ti PTN.
2.1.4. X l
- Mu khng t trng thi hay m: bo cho cng nhn trn bt kim tra my
trn, kim tra lng soup trn. Ch theo di cht lng sn phm t l bt
khng t trng thi hay m.
- Mu c mu s c, mi v l, tp cht: cho loi b ngay on m pht hin c
vn v bo trng ca tm nguyn nhn kh c phc.
M au khi c n
2.2.1. u cu k thut
- Trng thi: dng tm, m, mm, ch c, b mt mn, ng nht.
- Mu s c: tr ng ng n vng nht.
- Mi v: mi thm t nhin ca bt, v lt, khng c mi v l.
- Tp cht: khng c ct, sn, su mt hoc vt l khc.
Th cm quan: dng tay x 1 mu khong 10cm x 5cm t tm bt cn.
2.2.3. Phng ph p th
Trng thi, mu s c, tp cht: th bng cm quan ngay lc ly mu.
2.3.
2.2.4. X l
- Mu khng t trng thi: bo trng ca iu chnh my cn v cc thng s:
thi gian trn bt, lng soup trn bt, cng thc bt. Ch theo di cht
lng sn phm t tm bt khng t trng thi.
- Mu c mu s c, mi v l, tp cht: cho loi b phn tm bt c vn v
bo cho trng ca x l nguyn nhn.
M au khi hp
2.3.1. u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
-
Trng thi: dng bng dn sng ri u, chn hi trong, mm, dai.

Mu s c: vng nht.
Mi v: thm c trng ca bt hp, v lt, khng c mi l.
Ch tiu ha l: m yu cu trong khong 32 40%.

y mu 3 v t m sau my cn nh lng v gp li thnh mt mu chung.
95
Phng ph p th
Trng thi, mu s c, mi v: th bng cm quan ngay lc ly m.
m: s dng my o m ca PTN hoc phng php sy.
X l
Mu khng t trng thi hay m: bo trng ca iu chnh cc thng
s, gc m cnh bm, p sut hi, lng soup trn...
- Mu c mu s c, mi v l, tp cht: cho loi b ngay on m pht hin c
vn v bo Trng ca tm nguyn nhn kh c phc.
Kim tra oup
2.3.3.
2.3.4.
-
2.4.
Tiu chun ny c p dng kim tra soup nhng m trc khi chin ca dy
chuyn sn xut m n lin.
2.4.1.
2.4.2.
u cu k thut
Trng thi: dng nc trong ng nht.
Mu s c: khng mu.
Mi v: v l, khng c mi v l.
T trng: trong khong 1.02 1.05.
Phng ph p l mu
ng cc thy tinh hng khong 400ml ti bn soup pha.
Phng ph p th
Trng thi, mu s c, mi v: th bng cm quan ngay lc ly mu.
Nng : cho soup vo ng ong 250ml, c t trng bng ph k.
X l
Mu khng t nng :cho pha ch iu chnh t trng. Ch theo di cht
lng sn phm l m s dng soup khng t nng .
- Mu c trng thi, mu s c, mi v l: cho x bn soup v bo cho Trng ca
x l nguyn nhn v cho pha m soup khc.
Kim tra du
2.4.3.
2.4.4.
-
2.5.
Tiu chun ny c p dng kim tra du trong cho chin ca dy chuyn sn

xut m n lin.
2.5.1.
2.5.2.
u cu k thut
Trng thi: dng du trong, ng nht.
Mu s c: mu vng n nu nht.
Mi v: mi du c trng, v bo, khng c v l.
Ch s acid: V khng ln hn 5 mg KOH/g.
Ch s Peroxyd: khng ln hn 5 ml Na2S2O3 0.002N/g.
Phng ph p l mu
ng v inox ly mu khong 50 cc ti v tr gia cho chin vo thi im

u ca sng, cho vo cc thy tinh.
2.5.3. Phng ph p th
2.5.4. X l
theo HD 8.2.4 02.
96
3.
3.1.
Mu khng t ch tiu cm quan hoc c V 5: bo un c cho thay du

cho.
- Mu c V t 4.5 5: bo Trng ca cho pha du cho theo hng dn ca
Phng Cng Ngh v Ban un c.
- Mu khng t ch tiu cm quan hoc c PoV 5: bo un c cho thay
du cho.
- Mu c PoV t 4.5 5: bo Trng ca cho pha du cho theo hng dn ca
Phng Cng Ngh v Ban un c.
TI CH N GI
BAO B
u cu k thut
Ch tiu cm quan:
3.2.
3.3.
- Trng thi bng p, khng nhn, cc lp mu che ph u

- Mu s c: ti a cp 2
- Ni dung in trn bao b: theo ng mu, khng sai li chnh t
Phng ph p l mu
i vi kim tra nhp kho: ly 3 mu cho mi loi mi t giao hng
i vi kim tra trong qu trnh: kim tra tng cun khi ng gi
Phng ph p th
- Trng thi: o snh vi b mu
- Mu s c: o snh bng m t thng
+ Cp 1: sai bit mu s c rt t, khng nhn bit c bng m t thng
+ Cp 2: sai bit mu s c t, c th nhn bit bng m t thng nhng khng
ng k
+ Cp 3: sai bit mu s c nhiu, lch mu ln, nhn bit c ngay
97

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TP.HCM ngy thng nm 2012

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

4.2.2.1. Phng php ly mu ............................................................................................. 69

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

MC LC BNG & HNH

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

Tn Ting Vit: Cng ty C phn Thc phm Thin Hng

a ch: s 1 c Th, P. Tn Thi Hip, . 12, TP. HCM, Vit Nam

/C: Khu cng nghip Ph Ni, Huyn M Ho, Tnh Hng n.

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

- Nm 1963 ng Trn Thnh, mt nh t sn ngi Hoa, sng lp Thin Hng C.ty

Minh ), v hon thnh xng sn xut bt ngt mt nm sau .

. . . c quy m sn xut bt ngt thuc loi ln nht

Nam lc by gi vi nhn hiu BT NGT V HNG T v m n lin vi

uc doanh v i tn t Thin Hng Cng ty thnh Nh my Bt ngt

au nh nc thnh lp Cng ty Bt ngt Min Nam ri i tn thnh

in hip ( N H) Bt ngt M n lin, ly tr s chnh ca Thin Hng C.T

M n lin, qun l trc tip cc x nghip thnh vin gm:

N H do B ng thc Thc phm giao, ng thi

h tr ton b cc nh my thnh vin ca N H Bt ngt M n lin .

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

N H Bt ngt -M n lin gii th, cc Nh my thnh vin do B

Cng Nghip nh qun l.

n nm 1972 Cng ty u t 2 dy chuyn sn xut M n lin (mt trong nhng

- Nm 1979-1980 Cng ty u t sn xut thm 2 sn phm mi l nc tng v bt

, Huyn M Ho, Tnh Hng n (Khu Cng nghip Ph Ni ), ng thi thnh

lp Cng ty c phn thc phm Thin Hng Nh my pha B c, sau i thnh

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

- To dng mt v th vng ch c i vi ngi tiu dng trong nc, TFC bc tip

- Nam 2010 t Giy chng nhn : H CCP- CODEX do t chc BVC cp

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

Pha Nam: gip knh Tham ng

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Chu trch nhim trc cng ty v hot ng ca doanh nghip.

- Phng k hoch v cung ng

Lp k hoch sn xut hng ngy v trnh Tng gim c duyt.

T chc tiu thc cc sn phm.

Bo co thc tp qu trnh & thit b

Cng ty CP thc phm Thin Hng

- Phng xut nhp khu

Tm i tc m rng th trng nc ngoi.