T HC MICROSTATION V8 VI NGI S DNG AUTOCAD

Bin son: Hunh Vn Trc

Nm 2010

Phn 1: Cn bn v Microstation V8
Mi trng lm vic ca MicroStation Xem xt mi trng lm vic ca MicroStation Hnh minh ho di y gii thiu giao din Microstation V8.

Thanh cng c thuc tnh (Attributes) Thanh cng c Primary Thanh cng c chun Thanh lnh n - Ca s khung nhn (1 - 8).. 1. Lnh n ca MicroStation Thanh lnh n c t trn cng trong ca s MicroStation v l mt trong cc ngun truy cp chnh cho cc tnh nng ca MicroStation. Khi bn nhn vo mt lnh n, c mt danh sch cc mc la chn s xut hin. Mi mc trong lnh n s trc tip gi ln mt tc v hoc m mt hp thoi ni bn c th nh ngha thm cho tc v mong mun. Thanh lnh n ca MicroStation c t chc cht ch v cc lnh c nhm theo tng nhm logic. - Nu bn mun tm mt cng c s dng trong tp tin thit k ca mnh, hy tm n lnh n v chn Tool. Danh sch cc lnh th xung lit k tt c cc cng c m bn c th s dng trong MicroStation. - Nu bn phi hiu chnh cc thit lp cho tp tin thit k, hy chn Settings t thanh lnh n ri nhn vo danh sch cho Design File. 2. Cc hp thoi v cc hp cnh bo (Alert Boxes) Mt hp thoi s xut hin bt k khi no bn chn mt mc lnh n c i km vi ba du chm, v d nh Open Bn hy n gin nhp vo hp thoi cc thng tin m chng trnh i hi ri chn mt hnh ng, v d OK, Done hoc Apply.
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3.

Cc cng c, cc hp cng c v khung cng c.

Cha kha dn ti cc tc v MicroStation thnh cng l cch s dng cc cng c v ca phn mm. c t chc thnh cc khung cng c v cc hp cng c, cc cng c trong MicroStation cng tng t nh cc hp ngh m ngi th sa xe t s dng khi sa xe cho bn. V, cng ging nh mt ngi th c kh c mt hp ngh cha y cc cng c, c thit k dnh ring cho cc tc v c th, MicroStation cng cung cp mt b su tp phong ph cc cng c, c t chc theo chc nng. Khung cng c Main c s dng nh mt va li tng th ng ton b cc cng c, cho bn con ng truy xut n cc hp cng c lin quan. Bn nhn ra khung cng c Main hoc qua thanh ta ca n (c ch Main) hoc qua 2 ct biu tng khi n c gn neo trn mn hnh, Khi bn nhn gi phm Data Point tr vo mt cng c trong khung Main, hp cng c lin quan n cng c ny s xut hin. S dng ng tc ko chn mt cng c xc nh t hp cng c ang m ra. Thm ch, nu bn tip tc ko con tr i xa na, bn s tch ri hp ny ra khi khung Main. Sau khi tch ri hp cng c, bn c th nh v n ti mt v tr thun tin hn, bt c ni no trn mn hnh. Mo: Bn c th ty bin cc hp cng c ca MicroStation. Hy nhn chut phi vo mt biu tng trong hp hin th danh sch biu tng c trong hp cng c. Nu bn bt ln mt biu tng ang b tt, th n s xut hin trong hp cng c. Khung cng c Main c cha mt cng c khng lin quan n hp cng c no. Tt c cc cng c khc trong khung Main u i km vi mt hnh tam gic nh mu en, cho bit n lin quan n hp cng c tng thch c cha c cc cng c khc

Ch duy nht lnh Delete ng ring l mt mnh trong khung Main. 4. L gi nh (Tool Tips) MicroStation c mt tnh nng c gi l Tool Tips (l gi nh) gip bn nhn din mt cng c m khng cn kch hot n. Sau khi bn dch chut ln mt biu tng hoc mt cng c, hy ngng chut mt cht. S c mt hnh ch nht nho nh xut hin, cho bit tn ca cng c ny. 5. Ca s thit lp cng c (Tool Settings Window)

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a phn cng c c cc mc la chn gip bn kim sot hot ng ca chng. Cc mc la chn ny xut hin trong hp thoi Tool Settings (thit lp cng c). Bn nhp vo hp thoi Tool Settings nhng thng tin cn thit cho tng tham s. Hp thoi Tool Settings tri ni trong ca s MicroStation, bn khng th gn neo cho n. Theo mc nh, hp thoi Tool Settings c m ra ngay t khi bt u chy chng trnh. Nu bn ng hp thoi Tool Settings ny, th mt hp thoi Tool Settings mi s t ng xut hin khi bn chn cng c tip theo.

Minh ha: rng cng c Place Circle (v hnh trn) cn nhng thit lp hon ton khc so vi Place SmartLine. 6. Thanh trng thi y l mt thnh phn quan trng trong giao din ngi dng ca MicroStation, bi n cho php chng ta nhn vo hot ng ca MicroStation. Khu vc ny cha tt c nhng thng tin ph bin lin quan n mt dng lnh, nhng li khng c mt dng lnh tht s. MicroStation lin tc hin th cc thng tin v trng thi hot ng ca n trong thanh trng thi nm khu vc pha di ca ca s trnh ng dng. Thanh trng thi (Status Bar) hin th cc thng ip: - Cng c ang c s dng. - i hi cc thng tin b sung. - Trng thi ca cc tham s chnh. Bn hy chn nhiu cng c khc nhau v theo di nhng thng ip hin th trong thanh trng thi. l khi bn nhn gi con tr ln trn mt cng c no (nh th bn ch mt l gi nh) th s c mt thng ip khc xut hin so vi khi bn tht s chn cng c ny. 7. Ca s khung nhn Cc ca s thit k ca MicroStation c gi l cc View (khung nhn). MicroStation c th hin th ng thi ti a 8 khung nhn. Tt c u l khung nhn trng thi hot ng tch cc (Active - sn sng cho nhp liu), v mang tnh c lp hnh ha i vi nhau. c t tn l View 1 cho ti View 8, cc ca s ny cung cp s truy xut trc tip vo thit k hnh ha. Nguyn nhn cho con s 8 ca cc ca s ny tht n gin: Bn c th cng lc mun nhn nhiu khu vc khc nhau, nhiu thnh phn khc nhau ca thit k, vi mc chi tit khc nhau.

rng cc khung nhn c th c thay i kch c, c dch chuyn, c ko chng ln nhau v mi khung nhn u c tt c cc tnh nng ca mt ca s Window chun. 8. View Controls - iu kim khung nhn
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 gip bn n nh ni dung hin th, mi khung nhn ca MicroStation c mt t hp cc iu kim ring. Cc iu kim ny cho php bn thay i hng nhn v kt qu nhn thy trong mt khung nhn, m khng h nh hng n ni dung tt c cc ca s khung nhn khc. Cc iu kim khung nhn nm trong gc di bn tri ca mi ca s khung nhn. Mch bo: ng tt c cc ca s thit k trong tp tin .dgn ca bn khng phi l ng tp tin. Bn ng tt c cc ca s thit k, nhng tp tin vn c m. Thanh ta pha trn ca mn hnh vn ch ra tn ca tp tin ang m.

Cc chc nng ca chut trong MicroStation Cc chc nng ca chut trong MicroStation Vi chut, bn c th thc hin 3 chc nng chnh: 1. Data Point - Chn lnh hoc cc mc ca lnh n t giao din v nh v im, v d nh im bt u v kt thc cho mt on thng. 2. Reset Ngng mt qu trnh. Reset thc hin nhiu tc v khc nhau, ty thuc vo qui trnh ang c thc hin 3. Snap (cn gi l Tentative point - im th) - Chng ta s dng phm chut ny nh v v chn im mt cch chnh xc, bm vo cc phn t c sn, cc im v d nh im cui hoc im gia ca i tng. Trong cc chc nng k trn th Data Point c s dng thng xuyn nht, tip n Reset. Thit lp mc nh cho chut ca MicroStation l chut c 2 phm. Nu bn s dng chut 2 phm, thit lp mc nh cho Tentative Snap l ng tc nhn ng thi c 2 phm chut. Mt chut 3 phm s gip bn t c hiu ng hiu qu ln nht cho vic s dng vi MicroStation. Vi loi chut ny bn s c mt phm cho mt trong cc dng ph bin nht ca vic nhp liu ha trong MicroStation. Chng ta s dng phm gia (hay l bnh xe) trn mt chut 3 phm cho Tentative Snap. thit lp cu hnh chut cho chc nng ny, ta phi gn chc nng cho phm gia hoc l bnh xe. Gn chc nng Tentative Snap cho phm chut gia 1. Chn Button Assignments t lnh n th xung Workspace t thanh lnh n chnh ca MicroStation. Hp thoi Button Assignments xut hin. 2. S dng phm Data Point (phm chut tri) nhn vo t Tentative nm khu tri ca hp. 3. c thng ip hin th trong khu Button Definition Area.

4. Nhn phm chut gia (hoc l ko bnh xe xung) vo thanh Button Definition Area. Mt khi bn nhn vo y, mc Invoked by cho Tentative Button s chuyn thnh Middle Button.
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5. Nhn OK. S thay i tham s hot ng ny by gi s c lu tr mt cch lu di trn a cng, v ln sau khi bn m MicroStation, Tentative c thit lp cho phm chut gia S dng Fence hiu chnh phn t V v s dng Fence hnh trn to hnh trch Bn cn to mt hnh trch ca mt chi tit vi mt t l ln hn chi tit sn c. Mt Fence hnh trn kt hp vi ch Clip s h tr c lc cho bn. 1. Chn cng c Place Fence. Nhp cc d liu sau vo ca s thit lp tham s cng c: Fence Type: Circle Fence Mode: Clip 2. To Fence bao vng v tr cn trch hnh, nh hnh minh ha.

3. Chn Manipulate Fence Contents. Thit lp cc d liu sau trn ca s thit lp tham s Manipulate Fence Contents: Operation: Scale Fence Mode: Clip Make Copy: Enabled (bt) X Scale: 2.0 Y Scale: 2.0 4. Dch con tr n v tr mun t hnh trch v nhp mt Data Point v cc ni dung ca fence b co gin. ng fence mi (c co gin) s dch chuyn ng cng con tr, nhng theo hng ngc li.

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5. Nhn Reset S dng Fence co gin v sao chp cc phn t C khi bn v ca ta nhanh chng tr thnh dy c v kh thm vo bt k mt chi tit no khc. Ta hy th s dng Fence Stretch x l tnh hung ny, to khng gian cho cc phn t mi. v d ny ta c bn v P&ID c cha n v x l s 1 v s 3. Ta mun b sung n v hot ng s 2 vo gia. 1. Chn cng c Place Fence. Thit lp cc d liu sau vo ca s Tool Settings: Fence Type: Block Fence Mode: Inside 2. Nhp mt Data Point ti v tr s 1, Data Point th 2 ti v tr s 2 v Fence.

3. Chn cng c Manipulate Fence Contents. Nhp cc d liu sau vo ca s thit lp tham s Manipulate Fence Contents. Operation: Stretch Fence Mode: Inside 4. Bt ln tnh nng AccuDraw, nu n cha c kch hot 5. Nhp mt Data Point ti v tr s 3. Hng ro by gi s dch chuyn ng theo con tr. 5. Dng AccuDraw dch con tr sang tri, nhp s 3.4, sau nhp mt Data Point. 6. Nhn Reset.

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n v x l c chuyn n v tr mi, cc ng ni kt qui trnh (connecting process lines) c ko di m bo mi lin quan. Nu bn khng lm vic cn thn v v hng ro chm phi mt trong cc van, bn s thy van b di cng vi cc ng ni kt qui trnh. l phn trnh din phng cch hot ng ca Fence Stretch. Bt k th g chm phi hng ro u s c ko di. Hy xem phn minh ha di y. Hon tt mch in. By gi ta s dng Fence copy hon tt bn v P&ID. 1. Trong ca s Manipulate Fence Contents, bn tm n mc Operation, i Stretch thnh Copy. 2. Nhp mt Data Point ti v tr s 1. 3. Dch con tr sang phi, nhp vo s 3.2, nhn mt Data Point. 4. Nhn Reset v b i hng ro. Bn v ca bn khi hon tt trng nh sau:

S dng mt Fence block hiu chnh cc phn t Gi s bn c sn mt b trc vt. Bn ang cn sao chp ch phn trc vt to ra mt b trc vt mi. Hy th nghim Fence s hu ch nh th no cho bn trong vic ny.

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Thc hin theo cc bc sau: 1. Chn cng c Place Fence. Thit lp cc tham s nh sau : Fence Type: Block Fence Mode: Inside (Chn cc phn t nm han tan trong Fence) 2. To Fence bao vng quanh phn t nh chn. Trong v d ny l phn trc vt, nh hnh minh ha. 3. Nhn chn cng c Manipulate Fence Contents. Nhp vo ca s thit lp tham s Manipulate Fence Contents: Operation: Copy Fence Mode: Inside

4. Dch con tr n bt k v tr no trong ng fence v nhp mt Data Point. Mt ng vin fence s xut hin v dch chuyn ng cng con tr, trong khi ng fence gc c t ni bt vn nguyn v tr c. 5. Dch chuyn ng vin fence ng n mt v tr cn trng bn phi, nhp Data Point. ng fence gc s bin mt khi ng fence mi c nh v. Phn trc vt l i tng duy nht c sao chp, bi n l i tng duy nht nm han tan pha trong fence. 6. Nhn Reset

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S dng Fence shape hiu chnh phn t V d bn cn tch mt bc ren khi trc vt sn c, t bc ren ny to ra mt trc vt c chiu di nh yu cu ca bn. Hy p dng Fence thc hin: 1. Nhn chn Place Fence. Nhp vo thit lp tham s Place Fence: Fence Type: Shape Fence Mode: Overlap (Chn cc phn t nm bn trong v chm vo ng vin Fence) 2. To Fence bao vng quanh mt bc ren, nh hnh minh ha.

3. Chn cng c Manipulate Fence Contents. Nhp cc tham s sau vo ca s thit lp tham s Manipulate Fence Contents: Operation: Copy Fence Mode: Overlap 4. Dch con tr n v tr nm gn ng fence v nhp mt Data Point. Mt ng vin Fence s dch chuyn ng cng vi con tr, trong khi ng fence gc vn nguyn v tr c.

5. Dch con tr n v tr cn trng nm pha trn ca i tng v nhp mt Data Point nh v ni dung c sao chp ca ng fence.

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Mt bc ren ca trc c tch ri ra khi i tng v c sao chp. Ln ny th nhng phn t c mt phn no nm pha trong chng ln ng fence cng nh cc phn t nm pha trong ng fence u c sao chp. 6. Nhn Reset. Mo: Cch duy nht xa i mt fence, ngoi vic thot ra khi tp tin thit k, l nhn chn cng c Place Fence ln na. Lm vic vi Fence Mt phng cch nhm cc phn t li vi nhau l s dng cng c Place Fence. Mt Fence (hng ro) l mt ng vin tm thi, c v bao cha mt s phn t nhm mc ch thc hin mt tc v i vi nhm cc phn t ny.

Hp cng c Fence bao gm nm cng c, cng c cn bn nht trong s chng l Place Fence. Bn ch c th gi bn cng c kia sau khi v mt Fence.

Place Fence to 6 loi Fence khc nhau v c 6 phng php v Fence. Cc dng Fence cng nh cc phng php bao gm: Dng Fence Miu t Block Hai Data Point ng cho nhau to mt Fence hnh ch nht Shape Bn c th cc an fence vi chiu di v gc ty Circle Nhp mt Data Point cho tm v v mt Fence hnh trn Element Nhn din mt phn t dng shape (ng vin hnh hc ng kn). Bn s c mt Fence trng vi ng vin phn t. From View V mt Fence bao quanh chu vi ca khung nhn c chn. From Dgn V Fence chn tt c phn t trong tp tin thit k, bt chp ca s khung File nhn hin hnh Fence Mode Hnh ng Inside Chn cc phn t nm han tan trong Fence Overlap Chn cc phn t nm bn trong v chm vo ng vin Fence Clip Cc phn t v phn ca phn t nm trong ng vin Fence. Void Cc phn t nm han tan pha ngoi Fence. VoidCc phn t nm pha ngoi v chm vo ng vin Fence. Overlap Void-Clip Cc phn t v phn phn t nm pha ngai Fence. Hiu chnh ni dung ca Fence S dng Mannipulate Fence Contents hiu chnh cc phn t c nh ngha bi mt ng Fence. Cng c Mannipulate Fence Contents c su mc la chn khc nhau. Tc v Miu t Hunh Vn Trc 11

Copy, Move, Rotate, Scale, Tc v ng nht vi cng c hiu chnh cng tn. v Mirror Stretch Tt c cc phn t c chn bng ng Fence s c ko di. Hp cng c Fence c ba cng c Fence khc. Tt c trong s ny u s dng cng cc mc nhng phng php v fence c miu t bn trn. Biu tng Cng c M t Modify Fence Thay i hnh dng mt Fence sn c hoc dch chuyn mt Fence sn c. Delete Fence Xa cc phn t c chn bi Fence. Contents Drop Fence B ri (Drops) trng thi ca cc phn t c Contents chn bi Fence. Vic s dng Fence c lin quan n cc thit lp cng c. By trong s cc cng c trong nhm Manipulate u c mc la chn Use Fence. Chng l cc cng c Copy, Move, Scale, Rotate, Mirror, Align Edges, v Construct Array. Bn cnh , c hai cng c Change Element Attributes v Change Text Attributes cng u c mc Use Fence. Level Gi y khi bn v ca ta bt u t n mt phc tp mi, ti lc ta t chc li cc thng tin bn v, chia chng ra thnh cc phn c tnh hu dng. Khi mt ha vin v nhiu thnh phn khc nhau ca mt ta nh thng l cc thnh phn ny s xut hin trn nhiu bn giy can khc nhau. Ngi ta thng c thi quen v tng ngai trn mt bn, vch ngn mt bn khc, ca s trn mt bn th ba, c th tip tc, cho ti khi tan b ngi nh c v xong. Khi nhng bn v c chng ln nhau v c canh chnh cho ph hp, bn c th nhn thy tan b bn v tan nh. Nhng mt khc bn cng c th xem tng bn v ring l hoc ch xem nhng bn v no hin th cc thng tin bn cn n. Trc khi con ngi s dng my tnh to bn v, dng hnh t chc ny c p dn g di mt h thng, gi l h thng bn v chng lp (overlay drafting). Tnh nng Level ca MicroStation Tng t nh khi nim bn v chng lp, MicroStation c mt tnh nng l Level, cho php ngi s dng t chc v mt logic cc phn t trn bn v. Hy chn Level > Display t lnh n Settings hoc chn biu tng Level Display trn thanh Primary

Ca s thit lp tham s Level Display s hin th trn mn hnh. Bn c th bt hoc tt mt s lng Level ty t hp thoi Level Display bng cch nhn vo Level mun tt/ m. Level c t en l Level ang c m. Bn khng th tt Level ang hin hnh.

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Active Level - Lp hin hnh Khi ta chn mt Level trong hp cng c Attributes, Level ny s tr thnh Active Level (lp hin hnh). MicroStation cho bn chn ti mt thi im ch mt Level lm lp hin hnh. Hp thit lp View Level s ch ra Level hin hnh qua phn text mu trng trn nn xanh. C nhiu cch thit lp Level hin hnh: - Nhn vo danh sch Level trong hp cng c Attributes, sau chn Level hin hnh.

- Nhn p vo Level m bn mun n nh n thnh Level hin hnh trong hp thoi Level Manager, hp thoi ny s m ra trong thanh trng thi khi bn nhn chut vo phn hin th Level.

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- Nhn p vo s level khin n tr thnh Level hin hnh trong hp thit lp Level Display. - Thit lp Level t danh sch chn la trong hp thit lp Element Attributes. - S dng cng c SmartMatch thay i active symbology (biu tng hin hnh) theo cc thuc tnh ca mt phn t ti mt level khc. Ch : Hp thit lp tham s Level Display trn y c bao gm mt bng cha cc Level, k c tham s View Number. S dng thit lp View Number s nh hng n nhiu khung nhn khc nhau. Hoc khi bn nhn chut vo nt lnh Apply to All Views nm pha di ca hp thoi Level Display th nhng thay i ca bn s nh hng n tt c cc khung nhn ang m. S dng Level Trong cc bn v MicroStation phc tp, ta s s dng nhiu level nhm cc thng tin cng loi vi nhau. Mt bn thit k nh c th bao gm cc thng tin v cu trc, v h thng in, h thng ng nc v n c th ch ra cc g hoc thm ch s trang tr ni tht. Ta c th tt i cc level ca bn v c cha nhng phn t m ta khng cn xem xt, khin cho khung nhn khng qu ln xn. V d s dng bn v c nhiu Level Bn v ny l mt b cc mt bng ca mt ta nh. N bao gm nhiu phn t c v trn nhiu level khc nhau, th hin cc tnh nng khc nhau bao gm c h thng in, cu trc ln cc h thng khc.

Minh ha: Mt v d bn v vi tt c cc phn t u c hin th 2. Ta hy bt ln vi level khc. Chn lnh Select Settings > Level > Display. Lm sao ta bit c Level no c s dng trong bn v ny? Tht kh m ni ra nh thit k s dng nhng Level no. 3. Kim tra cc chm trn nm gn tn cc level trong hp thoi Level Display. Mi level c mt chm trn l level c cha phn t. Nhng level no khng c chm trn l level cn rng.

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Minh ha: Level c chm trn l level c phn t 4. Hp thoi Level Display cng tng t nh cc hp thoi khc: bn c th chn ta ct sp xp thng tin trong hp thoi. Nu ch mun xem cc level c cha phn t, bn nhn vo phn ta ct Used khin cho mi tn tr ln trn. By gi bn ko ln pha trn danh sch, bn s tm thy tt c cc level c cha phn t, ri mi ti phn cc level rng. Dch chuyn cc phn t gia cc Level Khi bn lm vic trong tp tin thit k ca mnh, c l bn thy khng phi lc no bn cng ngay lp tc to ra c cc phn t trn ng nhng level thch hp. Trong qu trnh chi tit ha mt bn v, c l bn phi chi ra mt khang thi gian t chc li bn v v dch chuyn phn t gia cc Level. Level c gn cho mt phn t s c coi l mt phn thuc tnh ca phn t ny. Ging nh bn c th thay i mu sc hoc b dy ng, bn cng c th d dng thay i level c gn cho phn t. Ta nhn thy mt trong nhng con ng lm iu ny, nhng khng phi l con ng hiu qu nht nu bn phi dch chuyn gia nhiu level. Ta hy s dng cng c Match Element Attributes thc hin vic thay i chnh sa cho bn v. Thuc tnh phn t Thuc tnh ca phn t Trong mt bn v, i khi bn s kh phn bit phn t ny vi phn t khc. Tc v ny s tr nn kh khn hn nu tt c cc phn t trng ging nhau. MicroStation cho ta nh ngha thuc tnh, tc cc im phn bit, cho cc phn t bn v qua ng tc n nh ga tr khc nhau cho Element Attributes (thuc tnh phn t). Nhn chung, cc phn t thuc tnh ny c gi l Element Symbology. Sau y ta s bn lun n cc thuc tnh phn t sau y: -Mu sc (color) -Dng ng thng (line Style) -B dy ng thng (Line weight) -Tnh nng lm y (Fill) V s miu t cng c Change Element Attributes (thay i thuc tnh phn t), bao gm c mc la chn Match/Change (tm thuc tnh trng hay thay i).
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Thng th mt t chc s thit lp nhng chun ring ca h v biu tng v thuc tnh s dng cho cc d n ca mnh. Mt d n v bn c th yu cu cc thng tin a chnh phi c v trn level c tn l Cadastral, nhng nhng thuc tnh ca cc phn t ny s khc nhau, ty thuc vo lp thng tin. V d: Tn level Color Linestyle Weight Ranh gii tiu bang 0 (en) 0 (gch lin nt) 6 Ranh gii tnh 0 (vng) 7 (gch di va, gch di c trung) 4 Ranh gii thnh ph 0 (en) 4 (gch di, gch ngn) 3 Ranh gii khu vc 0 (en) 6 (2 gch ngn, 1 gch va) 2 Cc thuc tnh c qua xc nh tham s c thit lp trc. V d, trong khong thi gian Active Color c n nh l red, th mu sc ca tt c cc phn t c v ra trong khong thi gian ny u l red (). Thay i thit lp hin hnh s khng nh hng n cc phn t c v trc . Nhng mt khc, bn c th thay i bt k thuc tnh no ca mt phn t c v trc y, chuyn thnh gi tr ca thuc tnh c thit lp hin thi vi cng c Change Element Attributes. Hp cng c Attributes Hp cng c Attributes thng c gn neo pha trn ca s MicroStation.

Hp cng c ny hin th Level hin hnh, s ca mu, s ca dng on (line style), s ca b dy ng (line weight), v mt hnh nh miu t kiu v b dy ng thng. T cng c ny bn c th thay i level hin hnh v Active Symbology. (Level cng nh mc la chn ByLevel s c bn ti trong mt bi sau.) Color mu sc MicroStation cung cp nhiu mu sc. Theo mc nh, bn c th s dng 254 mu khc nhau cho bn v ca mnh. Ngai ra, bn c th to ra nhiu t hp mu b sung cho cc mu mc nh ny, to nn bng mu ty bin ca ring bn. Bn c th thay i mu sc trong tp tin thit k hin hnh qua ng tc nh km mt bng mu khc vo cho n. Tt c 254 mu khng c tn ring, chng c gn s nhn din.

n nh Active Color (mu hin hnh) bn nhn vo ta c t mu trong hp cng c Attributes. Bng mu s m ra. Hy dch con tr qua bng mu, n vi mu mong mun, sau nhn chut chn. Mu hin hnh (Active Color) mi s c hin th trong hp Attributes.
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Line Style (dng ng) Mt thuc tnh c kh nng phn bit kh ln khc cho cc phn t l Line Style (dng ng). D bn v ca bn l bn v mu hay chm en. Mt im gch ri chc chn lun lun s khc vi mt im lin. MicroStation cung cp tm dng ng cn bn . Cng nh vi mu sc, mi mt dng ng chun ny c gn mt s nhn din.

Cc dng ng chun ca MicroStation ch mang tnh biu tng; chng khng c lin kt vi mt t l xc nh no, khi bn tng hay gim t l hin th cho khung nhn dng ng thng lun xut hin nh th n c cng mt t l hoc kch c trn mn hnh. Vy th chng s trng ra sao khi c in ra? y l mt cu hi tt, mt cu hi m ta s tr li sau. Bn cnh cc dng ng chun, MicroStation cung cp nhiu t hp dng ng ty bin, bao gm Dashed, Dot, Hidden, Rail, Tree Line, Batten v nhiu th khc na. Cc dng ng ty bin ny u i km vi mt t l hay mt kch c, v chng p ng trc quan i vi cc tnh nng kim sat khung nhn. Hy chn lnh Element > Linestyles > Custom t lnh n chnh m cng c ty bin chng hoc nh ngha cc dng ng ty bin ca ring bn.

Line Weight B dy ng MicroStation cho php bn s dng 32 b dy ng khc nhau (cn c gi l trng lng ca ng) cho cc phn t. Cc b dy c nh s t 0 31, 0 l ng mnh nht.

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Ging nh vi dng ng, b dy ng ch mang tnh biu tng. Khi bn tng hay gim t l hin th, b dy s lun lun xut hin nh th n c cng mt kch c im nh trn mn hnh. Th chng s dy bao nhiu khi c in ra? Ta s tr li cu hi ny sau. Fill T y Thnh thong, s l mt tnh nng hu dng v mang tnh thm m cao nu bn t mu cho mt phn t ng kn. Phn lng sng h bin, cc ng vin ca cc cng trnh xy dng, cng nh cc chi tit c kh l nhng v d tt cho loi phn t m bn mun t mu. Khi t mu cho phn t, ta c ba la chn Fill Type: None Phn t s khng c t y. Opaque Phn t c t vi mu sc ca phn t c chn. Outline Phn t c t vi Active Fill Color (mu t hin hnh) Mt khi phn t c t y, bn c th bt/tt tnh nng hin th t y trong hp thit lp View Attributes, ta s bn n mc ny sau. Cng c Change Element Attributes (Thay i thuc tnh phn t) Bn s dng cng c ny thay i ngoi hnh ca cc phn t sn c. Khi s dng Change Element Attributes, ta thay i cc thuc tnh phn t ring l, hoc theo nhm, hoc trong mt t hp.

thay i thuc tnh ca phn t , hy thc hin cc bc sau: Chn cng c Change Element Attributes. Thit lp Method l Change.

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Bt mc Use Active Attributes thay i thuc tnh ca phn t ging nh thuc tnh hin hnh. hoc Tt mc Use Active Attributes thay i thuc tnh phn t m khng s dng cc thit lp phn t hin hnh. Sau , bt cc thuc tnh m bn mun thay i. Chn i tng cn thay i Thc hin cc o c Sau khi c th v cc phn t vi kch c chnh xc cng nh ti cc v tr chnh xc, ta cn o c kt qu ca mnh. iu ny s tr nn quan trng hn khi ta hc c cc k thut thit k c bao gm s tng tc gia cc phn t khc nhau cng nh cc cng c khc nhau.

Cc bc o c trong MicroStation cng tng t nh cc bc v phn t. u tin bn chn cng c, sau lm theo yu cu ca chng trnh chn phn t hoc v tr cn thit. Bn cn thc hnh vic s dng AccuSnap nhn din cc im chnh (Keypoint) ca phn t, khin cho cc cng c ny hot ng sun s. Ta hy xem xt qua cc cng c o c. Cng c o khong cch Measure Distance

Measure Distance c nhiu la chn khc nhau. Mc ch chnh ca n l o c mt khong cch tuyn tnh gia hai v tr. Ta hy th dng n vi mt s tham s o c cho mt nhm vn phng. Measure Distance cng c th o c khong cch dc theo phn t. Nu bn s dng cc im vi mc Along Element, MicroStation c th tnh ton ra khong cch c bao cha nhiu cung trn hoc ng cong hoc cc gc, chng no m im u v im cui cn trn cng mt phn t. Mc la chn cui cng ca cng c Measure Distance l Minimum Between. S dng mc ny, MicroStation s chn on thng ngn nht nm gia hai phn t m bn la chn v hin th hnh ha khang cch .

Cc cng c Measure Radius v Measure Angle Hai cng c ny khng c nhiu tham s. Chng thc hin cc o c n gin, ch yu cu bn chn phn t o c. Cng c Measure Area (o din tch) Mt cng c o c khc l Measure Area, bao gm cc mc la chn cho nhiu tnh ton khc nhau.

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Element Fence Intersection Union Difference Flood Points

Din tch ca mt i tng ng. Din tch c bao bi ng fence. Din tch c gii hn bi phn giao ca hai hay nhiu i tng ng. Din tch c gii hn bi phn hp ca hai hay nhiu i tng ng. Din tch c gii hn bi phn khc nhau ca hai hay nhiu i tng ng. Din tch bao bi cc i tng tip xc vi nhau to thnh mt vng hoc l cc im cui ca i tng nm trong phm vi Max Gap. Din tch mt phng vi cc nh c xc nh bi mt lot cc im d liu.

Cng c Measure Length Hp cng c Measure cn bao gm 2 cng c khc. Measure Length xc nh chiu di tng th ca mt phn t m bn chn.

Kim tra Message Center (phn hin th thng bo) Khi bn nhn Reset, khong cch cui s bin khi thanh trng thi. Nu bn nhn chut vo ni khong cch va c hin th trn thanh Status th Message Center s xut hin.

Minh ha: Ca s Message Center

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Ca s Message Center cho php bn xem xt li cc li, cc li cnh bo cng nh cc thng tin c hin th trc y trong thanh trng thi. S lng a mc nh cho cc thng ip c lu tr cho mc hin th ny trong Message Center l 50. Bn c th thay i con s ny. Hy nhn chut phi vo khu vc hin th thng bo ca thanh trng thi, chn Properties t lnh n th xung, thay i s lng cc thng ip c lu tr trong trng ny. Cc cng c hiu chnh Cc cng c hiu chnh c mt trong hp cng c Manipulate.

Copy (sao chp) Tnh nng copy to ra bn sao chp ca cc phn t sn c m khng nh hng n phn t gc. Nhn din phn t cn c sao chp vi mt Data Point ri bn nhp mt Data Point th 2 ti ni bn mun c bn sao chp. Sau bn c th to ra cc bn sao chp khc na qua vic nhp Data Point. ng tc nhn phm Reset s th phn t c chn ra khi qui trnh sao chp.

Ghi ch: Sau khi nhn din mt im gc trong tng quan vi phn t bng mt Data Point, bn c th thc hin Undo Last Data Point (hy b tc v nhp Data Point gn nht) thit lp mt im gc ti mt ni khc. Move (dch chuyn)

Tnh nng Move s i v tr cho mt phn t, a n n mt v tr mi, sau khi nhn din phn t cn c dch chuyn, bn nhp mt Data Point th 2 nh ngha v tr mi cho n. Bn c th tip tc ti nh v phn t c chn vi cc Data Point khc. Ch ti khi nhn phm Reset bn mi th phn t ny ra khi qui trnh. Mirror (soi gng-ly i xng) Tnh nng Mirror s i xng cc phn t c chn qua mt trong 3 trc : trc nm ngang, nm dc hay mt on thng (do ngi s dng nh ngha). Hy nhn din phn t cn c soi
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gng vi mt Data Point. Nhp vo mt Data Point th 2 xc nh trc. Thay v hiu chnh phn t c chn, bn cng c th sao chp n qua ng tc bt ln mc Make Copy trong ca s thit lp tham s.

gii thch chuyn g s xy ra khi bn i xng mt phn t, bng sau y s ch ra cc mc la chn cho trc soi gng cng nh kt qu ca tc v soi gng. Ty chn trc ly i Kt qu xng Horizontal Phn t c soi gng qua trc X. Phn t c soi gng thay i theo chiu dc, trn xung di hay di ln trn Vertical Phn t soi gng qua trc Y. Phn t c soi gng thay i theo chiu ngang, tri qua phi hay phi qua tri. Line Phn t c soi gng qua mt trc do ngi s dng nh ngha (Data Point th 2 v th 3). Phn t kt qu thay i dc theo trc ny. Align Elements By Edge (sp sp phn t theo cnh)

Align Elements By Edge cung cp mt con ng d dng sp xp 2 hay nhiu phn t xoay quanh mt cnh. Cnh y c th l trc X, Y hay trc Z vung gc vi khung nhn. Bn c th chn cnh lm cn c cho vic sp xp cc phn t t ca s Tool Settings. Phn t th nht c chn s l cn c cho vic sp xp cc phn t khc. Rotate (Xoay phn t) Cng c Rotale Element s xoay mt hay nhiu phn t c chn.

Tham s Method
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Hiu ng Thit lp phng php xoay v co gin phn t. - Active Angle (gc hin hnh) Cc phn t c xoay theo 22

gc hin hnh, gi tr gc c th c nhp vo qua bn phm - 2 Points gc xoay c nh ngha qua vic nhp 2 Data Point: mt im l Pivot (tm), mt im nh ngha hng xoay - 3 Point Gc xoay c nh ngha qua 3 Data Point: mt im l Pivot Point (tm), mt im nh ngha gc bt u xoay v mt im nh ngha bn thn gc xoay. Make Copy Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln th cc phn t s c sao chp v bn sao chp c xoay; gi nguyn cc phn t gc. Khi sao chp v xoay mt phn t c tag (li ghi ch nh km), phn t c sao chp v mi ghi ch lin quan vi n cng s c xoay vi phn t ny. Use Fence (s dng Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln th ni dung ca hng ro s tnh nng hng ro) c xoay. Mc la chn thit lp ch chn phn t l Fence (hng ro) Stretch Cells Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln v ch chn ca Fence l Stretch, th ni dung hng ro s c xoay v c co gin. About Element Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln, th phn t c chn s Center c xoay quanh im tm ca n, thay v quanh mt im c chn Scale Element (co gin phn t)

Tnh nng Scale Element s gin cc phn t c chn theo mt t l do ngi dng nhp vo hoc theo hng x hoc theo hng y hoc theo 2 hng, xoay quanh mt Data Point xc nh. Nu bn chn nhiu phn t, th tt c nhng phn t ny s c co gin xoay quanh mt Data Point. Nu bn chn Scale About Center (s dng lnh n th xung ca hp thoi Tool Settings) th mi phn t s c co gin xoay quanh im tm ca chnh n. Dch chuyn song song Move Parallel s a phn t c chn n mt v tr mi qua vic dch chuyn cc nh ca phn t gc ng thi gn gi quan h song song vi phn t gc. Nu bn chn Make copy t ca s thit lp tham s th Move Parallel s tr thnh copy parallel. Cng c copy parallel s to ra mt bn p ca mt phn t c sn, a n vo mt v tr song song vi phn t gc.

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Khi bn sao chp song song cc ng SmartLine Shapes hoc cc on ca SmartLine th mc Miter hoc Rounded s lm y cc khong trng c to gia cc phn t kt qu bng mt miter (gc nhn) hay mt cung trn. Mt tnh nng mnh m ca cng c ny l bn c th nhp vo mt khong cch xc nh dch chuyn hay sao chp: Hy nhp khong cch vo ca s thit lp tham s. Sau khi bn nhn din phn t cn dch chuyn hay sao chp song song, bn c th n nh hng t cnh ti cnh ca vic dch chuyn phn t mi bng con chut. Khi bn s dng Move hoc Copy Parallel i vi cc SmartLine shape, cc on SmartLine, cc ng a gic, hoc cc hnh trn, hy l ton b hnh dng c th tr nn to ra hay nh i, nhn c cc gc in hay bo trn, trong khi phn di nht ca tng on s vn gi quan h song song. Construct Array - To mu sp xp Construct Array to ra nhiu bn copy ca mt hoc mt nhm phn t v nh v chng theo mt mu sp xp hnh ch nht hoc hnh trn vi nhng khong cch u n.

Mt mu sp xp hnh ch nht s sao chp v to nn mt ma trn phn t c s lng ct v hng xc nh. Khong cch gia cc phn t c th c n nh ring cho tng hng. Khong cch c o t tm ca phn t ny n tm ca phn t tip theo. Mt mu sp xp trn s sao chp cc phn t xoay quanh mt im c tht hoc mt im o, mt ng trn hay cung trn, khong cch gia cc phn t c tnh trong xoay. V cng MicroStation

Nhiu cng c trong hp Main c s dng b sung phn t mi vo thit k. Cc phn t khc nhau v loi v phc tp v thng tun theo cng mt qui trnh thc hin nh sau: - Chn cng c thch hp to ra phn t mong mun. - Nhp cc tham s mong mun vo ca s thit lp tham s. - n nh v tr cho phn t mi Trong mt s trng hp, qui trnh cc bc ny c thay i cht t. Mt s phn t i hi bn phi nhp nhiu hn mt v tr nh v chng, mt s li i hi cc thng tin u vo b sung,
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cn mt s li i bn phi s dng mt cng c b sung n nh v tr cho phn t. Ta hy xem xt k hn mt s cng c ca MicroStation. 1.Nhm cng c v i tng tuyn tnh 1.1 Cng c Place Line (v on thng) n gin. Place Line nm trong hp cng c Linear Elements, bn c th tm thy n trong hp Main. Cng c ny gip bn v mt on thng n gin vo trong bn thit k. Place Line l mt cng c v on thng n gin. Mi ln s dng to ra mt on thng ch khng phi l chui on thng hoc l cc on c ni vi nhau. Place SmartLine l mt cng c v on thng phc hp hn, ta s bn ti trong on sau. Place Line i hi 2 tham s, Length (chiu di) v Angle (gc). Length cho bn nhp vo gi tr chiu di ca on thng. Angle cho bn nhp gc xc nh v th ca on thng.

Cc tham s ny khng mang tnh bt buc: Bn khng cn s dng c 2 tham s, hoc thm ch ch cn s dng tham s no. Khi bn s dng ch 1 tham s hoc khng nhp tham s no, Place Line s yu cu bn nhp 2 Data Point nh v on thng. Nu bn s dng (hay kha) c 2 tham s, th bn ch cn nhp 1 Data Point nh v on thng. 1.2 Cng c Place SmartLine Gi tr ca mt cng c nm trong mc tng nng sut m n mang li cho ngi s dng. Place SmartLine tht s c th tng nng sut to bn v. Cng c ny kt hp cc hm ca nhiu cng c khc nhau vo trong mt tc v. Hy s dng n v mt on thng, chui on thng, ng hnh hc, cung trn hoc bt k mt t hp no ca cc phn t ny. thng minh ca SmartLine. Theo mc nh, khi ta s dng SmartLine v nhiu phn t ni tip nhau (v d, mt on thng, mt cung trn, ri n mt on thng khc), MicroStation s t ng ni kt phn c1 hnh ha kt qu li thnh mt chui phc hp (complex chain). Nu bn kt thc ni bn bt u (tc l ng hnh hnh hc), cng c SmartLine s to ra mt hnh hnh hc phc hp. Mt khc, nu bn ch nhp 2 Data Point to mt on thng thi th bn s nhn c ch mt on thng ny. Tng t nh vy cho ch mt cung trn. SmartLine s tip tc gi gn phn t kt qu di dng n gin nh c th.

Minh ha: Cc tham s lin quan n cng c SmartLine. Ca s Tool Settings cha nhng la chn mnh m khin SmartLine tr thnh tin dng. u tin, bn hy chn gia 2 loi on phn t: Lines (on thng) hay Arc (cung trn). Khi bn nh v cc on thng th dng ca nh l mt mc la chn b sung. C 3 loi nh khc nhau lin quan n tnh nng SmartLine: Sharp (nhn), Rounded (lm trn) hoc Chamfered (vt gc). Bn c th kim sot bn knh bo trn v di gc vt qua cc trng Rounding Radius v Chamfer Offset. Join Elements l tnh nng kt hp thng minh ca SmartLine, to ra cc chui v cc ng vin phc hp. Bn cng c th tt tnh nng ny nhng ni thch hp.
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Cc tham s thit lp cho SmartLine bao gm: Lines (on thng) V mt phn t tuyn tnh qua cch nh ngha im Segment Type u v im cui ca n. (dng on) Arc (cung trn) V mt phn t mang tnh cung trn qua nh ngha nh bt u, mt im tm v gc qut. Sharp (sc) Vi dng on l lines, mi nh s c v vo trong bn v, khng h c hiu chnh, sa i. Rounded (lm trn) Vi dng on l lines, mi nh s c v di Vertex Type dng bo trn da trn gi tr ca trng Rounding (dng nh) Radius (bn knh bo trn) Chamfered (vt gc) Vi dng on l lines, mi nh s c v di dng mt gc vt da trn gi tr trong trng Chamfered Offset. Rounding (Vi Vertex Type Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln, n s n nh bn knh Radius (bn c n nh l cho mt nh bo trn. knh bo trn) Rounded) Chamfer Offset (vi Vertex Type n nh 2 khong cch cn thit nh ngha mt gc c n nh l vt Chamfer. Chamfered) Join Elements Nu tnh nng ny b tt i, th cc on s c v di dng cc phn t ring (kt hp phn l, tnh nng ng chui (Close Element - bt vo im u tin) cng b tt theo. t) Rotate AccuDraw to Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln, sau khi bn nhp vo mt Smartline segments (xoay on thng, AccuDraw s xoay la bn ca n sao cho trc Placement AccuDraw n cc X nm trng vi on thng m bn va mi v nn. Nu Setttings (cc on) tnh nng ny b tt i, chng trnh s tt tnh nng nh tham s v hng ca AccuDraw i vi SmartLine. SmartLine) Always start in line Nu tnh nng ny c bt ln th dng on ca mode (lun lun bt SmartLine bnh thng s c n nh mc nh l Lines u bng mt on (on thng), bt chp dng on thng cui cng c thng) s dng. Nu tnh nng ny b tt, AccuDraw s dng loi dng m bn va s dng gn y nht. 2. Nhm cng c v i tng polygon Hnh vung, hnh tam gic, v hnh lc gic (6 cnh) l cc ng vin hnh hc hu dng trong cng vic to bn v v thit k. Chng ta gi cc ng vin hnh hc l Polygons. MicroStation gi tt c cc ng vin hnh hc bao kn quanh mt khu vc l cc phn t ng kn (closed element). Khc vi nhng phn t tuyn tnh, mt tnh nng mnh m ca cc phn t a gic l chng c th c t y hoc bng mu sc hoc bng mu vt liu. 2.1 Cng c Place Block (v hnh ch nht) Cng c Polygon n gin nht l Place Block. Cng c ny to ra mt hnh ch nht hay mt hnh vung. Khi bn chn cng c ny, bn c th quyt nh gia 2 phng php v Block orthogonal (vung gc) hay rotated (xoay).

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Phng php Kt qu Place Block Orthogonal - Cc cnh ca Block ny s to thnh gc vung i vi trc X v (vung gc) trc Y. - 2 Data Point nm theo ng cho nh ngha nn Block. - Data Point th nht gn neo (nh v) cho Block. - Block s thay i ng khi bn dch con tr nhp vo Data Point th 2. Rotated (xoay) Cc cnh ca Block ny s to gc vung vi cc trc do ngi s dng nh ngha. - Block c nh ngha bi 3 Data Point. - Data Point th nht gn neo cho Block. - Data Point th 2 nh ngha trc xoay cho Block. - Block s thay i ng trn mn hnh khi bn dch con tr nhp vo Data Point th 3. Cc mc khc c trong ca s Tool Settings ca cng c ny bao gm Area (khu vc), Fill Type (kiu lm y) v Fill Color (mu sc lm y). 2.2 Cng c Place Shape Place Shape cho php bn to ra mt ng vin hnh hc c hnh dng t do. Bn n nh chiu di v gc cho mi on ca a gic bng cch nhp c 2 gi tr ny vo ca s AccuDraw. Chiu di hoc gc ca on a gic cng c th c v mt cch ty bng chut. Nu chiu di v gc ca on shape c n nh ri th on a gic mi s c hin th gn km vo con tr khi bn dch chuyn n vo v tr.

C 2 phng php ng mt shape: - Nhn vo nt lnh Close Element trong ca s Tool Settings s khin cho ng shape t ng ng li. - Nhp im Data Point cui cng ca on cui cng trng vi v tr ca im u tin ca on u tin. 2.3 Cng c Place Orthogonal Shape

Khi s dng cng c ny, ng tc nh v 2 Data Point u tin s n nh trc cho shape. Tt c cc on ca shape sau s hoc to gc vung hoc nm song song vi trc ny. ng li mt shape vung gc qua ng tc nhp im cui ca on cui vo cng v tr nh im u ca on u. Enter shape vertex (nhp nh cho ng vin hnh hc) l li yu cu duy nht m bn nhn c t thanh trng thi trong sut thi gian s dng cng c ny. Thng ip ny yu cu bn dch con tr v nhp vo cc Data Point, tip tc v cc on khc cho ti khi shape hon tt. 2.4 Cng c Place Regular Polygon
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Place Regular Polygon l mt cng c v shape mnh m. N cho php bn to ra cc a gic u, cha t 3 ti 100 cnh. C 3 ch v Polygon, tt c u nh ngha kch c ca Polygon. Ch v Polygon Miu t Placement Inscribed (ni tip) Cc nh ca a gic s nm trn ng trn a gic. Data Point th nht nh ngha tm im ca a gic, Data Point th 2 nh ngha khong cch bn knh k t tm cho ti cc nh. Circumscribed (ngoi Cc cnh ca a gic s tip tuyn t pha ngoi vi ng trn a gic. tip) Data Point th nht nhn din tm ca a gic v Data Point th 2 nh ngha khong cch bn knh k t tm cho ti im tip tuyn nm gia cnh a gic. By Edge (theo cnh) Cng cn 2 Data Point nhng chng c im no trong s ny nh ngha tm ca Polygon. 2 im ny s nh ngha chiu di v gc ca mt cnh Polygon, lm cn c xc nh tm Polygon cng nh khong cch bn knh. 3. Nhm cng c v cung trn 3.1 Cng c Place Arc (v cung trn) Place Arc c trong hp cng c Main. Bn hy s dng cng c ny to ra mt phn t cung trn trong tp tin thit k. Place Arc cng xut hin trong hp cng c Arc. Ta hy xem xt tnh nng ny.

3.2 Cng c Place Circle Place Circle s v mt phn t trn ng kn vo tp tin thit k. Cng c ny c mt trong khung cng c Main. Place Circle cng c mt c trong hp cng c Ellipses.

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Hy v cc ng trn theo cc phng php sau. Center (tm) Cc ng trn s c v qua ng tc nh ngha mt im tm v mt im nm trn ng trn. Nu cc tham s Diameter (ng knh) hoc Radius (bn knh) c nh ngha th bn ch cn nh ngha im tm m thi Diameter Cc ng trn s c v qua vic nh ngha mt im trn (ng ng trn v im i din to vi im u thnh mt ng knh) knh. Edge Cc ng trn s c v qua vic nh ngha 3 im nm trn ng trn. Nu mc Diameter hoc Radius c xc nh ri, th ta ch cn nhp 2 im. Phng php ny thng c s dng v cc ng trn tip tuyn vi cc phn t khc. Gii thiu AccuSnap Khi thc hin cc tc v lin quan n cu trc hnh hc trn mt bn v, nhiu khi bn mun nh ngha mt mi quan h c bit gia tc v ca cng c hin hnh v mt phn t c sn trong thit k. MicroStation cho php bn lm vic chnh xc vi mt h thng tm ra v tr ca cc phn t hoc ca nhiu im khc nhau trn phn t. Bn cng c th nh ngha im trong mi lin quan vi cc im khc. Bn c th lm tt c nhng iu bng cch s dng AccuSnap hoc bt im Tentative vi phm chut gia. Ch bt im hin hnh Active Snap Mode (hoc l tham s c u tin cao hn) quyt nh cung cch mt im bt vo mt phn t. Truy cp ch bt im Snap Mode 1.Tm xung Status bar, nhn vo biu tng ca Active Snap Mode, sau chn tip Button Bar trong lnh n.

2. Lnh Settings > Snaps > Button Bar ca MicroStation

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Minh ha: Snaps Button Bar Theo mc nh th thanh cng c Snap Mode khng ch ra tt c cc ch bt im ca chng trnh. truy cp vo cc biu tng ang b che du, bn hy nhn chut phi vo bt k mt nt lnh no. Danh sch th xung s xut hin, vi nhng du check marks nm st bn cnh cc ch ang c bt ln. bt thm cc ch khc, bn nhn vo hp kim nm st ch bn mun chn cho thanh cng c. Hnh minh ha di y ch ra tt c cc ch bt im.

Minh ha: Nt lnh Snap Button vi tt c cc ch bt im. Kh nng bt im ty thuc vo cng c ang c s dng. (Nu cng c hin hnh khng h tr mt ch bt im th tn ca ch bt im s b a v trng thi xm m). Ging nh cc hp cng c khc ca MicroStation, thanh Snap Mode hin th l gi nh khi bn tr chut vo mt nt lnh no v gi yn chut vi giy ng h. Mt ln nhn chut vo mt nt lnh s khin cho mc c chn c u tin cao hn v tm thi vit ln ch bt im hin hnh trong mt tc v. Nhn p chut vo mt ch tc l n nh li ch bt im hin hnh (Active Snap Mode). Nn mu xm thm cho bit ch bt im hin hnh. Nt lnh u tin trn thanh Snap Mode dng bt/tt tnh nng AccuSnap.

Cc ch bt im (Snap Modes)

Ch Nearest hoc Near Snap Point Keypoint hoc Keypoint Snap Midpoint hoc Midpoint Snap

Biu tng

im Tentative s bt vo : im nm trn phn t, gn nht vi con tr. im gn nht trong tt c cc im chnh (Keypoint) nm trn phn t. Thng th y l ch bt im hu dng nht. im gia ca mt on thuc phn t, nm gn vi con tr nht. (i vi cung trn -lp, chng trnh s bt vo im nm trn cung trn, ti v tr mt na gc qut, khc vi im nm ti mt na khong cch cung.) Bt vo tm ca cc phn t (hnh trn, cung trn, on text), nhng th c im tm. 30

Center Snap
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Origin Snap

Bisector Snap

Intersection Snap hoc Intersect Snap

Tangent Snap

Tangent Snap

Point

Perpendicular Point Snap

Perpendicular Point Snap

Parallel Snap

Point Through Snap hoc Thru Point Snap Point On Snap

Tm im ca cc phn t khc (a gic ng kn, chui on thng hoc ng B-Splines). im gc ca mt hoc mt phn t text, tm im (centroid) ca B-spline, Data Point th nht trong mt phn t o c, nh th nht ca mt on thng, chui on thng hoc shape. im gia ca ton b mt chui on thng, ca mt phn t a on thng, ca mt chui phc hp (ch khng phi im gia ca on nm gn con tr nht). im gia ca mt on thng hay mt cung trn. (Cho mt phn ca hnh lp, im tentative s bt vo im nm trn ng cong ti phn na ca khong cch cung, khc vi im ti phn na ca gc qut.) im giao ca hai phn t. (Khi thc hin bn cn bt t nht 2 im tentative). im tentative th nht s bt vo mt phn t v khin cho phn t ny c t ni bt. im tentative th hai bt vo phn t th 2 v c 2 on ny c chng trnh s dng tm ra giao im ca chng, c hin th di dng cc on thng gch chm chm (nu 2 phn t ny khng tht s ct nhau, nhng phn hnh chiu ca 2 phn t ny ct nhau, th on ny s bao gm c phn hnh chiu ca phn t tm n im ct.) C tip tc bt im cho ti khi bn tm c giao im mong mun. Hai im tentative cui cng s nh ngha v tr ca ng tc bt giao im. Tip tuyn vi mt phn t c sn - cnh ca phn t m bn v mi s b hn ch m bo tnh tip tuyn vi mt phn t c sn. Khi bn dch chuyn con tr trong tc v v phn t, im tentative s dch chuyn ng dc theo phn t ny bo ton tnh tip tuyn. Tip tuyn i vi mt phn t c sn - cnh ca phn t m bn v mi s b hn ch tip tuyn vi mt phn t c sn. im tentative khng dch chuyn ng khi bn dch con tr, m b kha ti v tr. Vung gc vi mt phn t c sn on thng m bn v nn s b hn ch m bo tnh vung gc vi mt phn t c sn - im tentative s dch chuyn ng dc theo phn t ny gn gi tnh vung gc khi bn dch con tr trong cng on kt thc vic v phn t mi. Vung gc vi mt phn t c sn on thng m bn v nn b hn ch m bo tnh vung gc vi phn t c sn ti im tentative. im tentative s khng dch chuyn ng khi bn dch con tr, m n b kha ti v tr. Song song vi mt phn t c sn, nhng khng nh ngha mt im m on thng mi s phi i qua. Thay vo , sau khi bn chp nhn im tentative, on thng m bn v nn s chy song song vi on thng b im tentative bt c. Bt vo im chnh (Keypoint) ca mt phn t v nh ngha mt im m phn t bn v mi s phi i qua (hay mt phn ko di ca phn t ny s phi i qua). Bt vo phn t gn nht theo quy nh sau: Bt im khi bn nhp t im Data Point th 2 tr i: bn hn ch rng im Data Point tip theo s phi nm trn phn t ny (nu n l mt phn t ng kn) hoc trn mt ng thng i qua phn 31

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t ny (nu l mt phn t tuyn tnh). Bt im khi bn nhp Data Point u tin: bn hn ch phn t mi (hoc phn ko di ca n) s phi i qua phn t ny (hoc on thng i qua phn t ny) t im Data Point th 2. Thit lp cho AccuSnap AccuSnap cung cp nhng tnh nng bt im cn bn v mt s tr gip hnh ha cho vic bt im vo phn t. Trong ch AccuSnap, bn ch cn chn mt cng c v dch con tr ln trn phn t , AccuSnap tm v hin th im bt gn nht cho bn. Khi nhn thy im bt ng n, bn hy nhp mt Data Point chp nhn im ny. Thit lp cho AccuSnap Bn c th bt/tt AccuSnap qua thanh cng c Snap Mode hoc qua hp thoi AccuSnap Settings. Hy chn lnh Settings > Snap > AccuSnap t lnh n chnh truy cp vo hp thoi thit lp tham s ny.

Bn cng c th truy cp hp thoi AccuSnap Settings qua ng tc chn nt lnh Active Snap Mode trn thanh trng thi, sau nhn AccuSnap trong lnh n Active Snap Mode. Cc tham s c thit lp trong hp thoi AccuSnap c chia ra thnh 3 th. General cc tham s chung Enable AccuSnap Bt/tt tnh nng AccuSnap Show Tentative Hint khi bn dch con tr ln trn phn t, AccuSnap s tm thy im bt (hin th li mch bo) gn nht v hin th v tr ca n bng mt hnh du + hoc l mt ch X t m, cho bn bit im bt th tentative. Display Icon (hin th Biu tng ca ch bt im hin thi s c hin th ti im biu tng) bt, i km vi li mch bo ln bn thn im th Fixed point for Perp/Tan. - Vi ch bt im Perpendicular, AccuSnap s thit lp ch from bt im ny vit ln Perpendicular From. - Vi ch bt im Tangent, AccuSnap s vit ch ny ln Tangent from. Update Status Bar Mi ln AccuSnap bt vo mt im trn mt phn t, hoc bt k Coordinates khi no bn nhn phm tentative, th ta ca im bt c s xut hin trn thanh trng thi. Play Sound on Snap Mt chui m thanh s pht ln khi bn bt vo mt phn t. Highlight Active Element Cc phn t s c t ni bt ngay khi AccuSnap nm trong ranh
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Identify Automatically Pop-up info

gii ca sai s bt im Snap Tolerance Elements T ng nh v phn t khi bn dch con tr ln trn chng. Khi bn tr con tr vo mt phn t hoc nhp mt im tentative vo mt phn t, MicroStation s hin th mt l gi nh, ch ra dng phn t cng nh level ca phn t ny.

Elements - Phn thit lp cho phn t. Bt/tt tnh nng bt im cho cc ng cong, cc phn t o c v/cc phn t text Feel hiu chnh chnh xc Keypoint sensitivity Hiu chnh xem con tr phi gn im cn bt ti mc no th AccuSnap mi bt vo im Stickynes Hiu chnh nhy cm ca AccuSnap i vi phn t hin hnh. Bn cng n nh Stickyness sang pha phi (du +) th AccuSnap cng bt vo nhng phn t nm xa. Snap Tolerance (sai s Hiu chnh con tr phi nm gn mt phn t ti mc no th bt im) chng trnh mi c th bt c mt im tentative vo phn t Gii thiu AccuDraw Trong mt s trng hp, chng ta v mt lot on thng qua vic nhp cc im Data Point ti cc v tr gn ng. Trong a phn trng hp, bn cn mt chnh xc cao hn hon tt bn v. AccuDraw l cng c h tr cho bn nhp d liu mt cch chnh xc. Ni mt cch n gin nht, AccuDraw cho php bn nhp ta bng bn phm ri p dng d liu u vo cho tc v MicroStation hin hnh. Nu bn nh to mt on thng mi hoc x l cc phn t sn c, AccuDraw cho php bn kim sot d liu c nhp vo vi mt chnh xc m bn khng th no t ti khi dng chut. AccuDraw l mt cng c tr gip v, tnh ton cc tham s nh: - V tr hin thi ca con tr - Data Point c nhp trc - Hng ta gn nht - Nhng tham s m cng c hin hnh cn ti. - Mi hng m bn nhp vo s dng bn phm hoc cc mc la chn AccuDraw Sau khi thc hin cc tnh ton ny, AccuDraw s to nn ta vi mc chnh xc tng thch v p dng chng cho cng c hin hnh. Kch hot AccuDraw Khi AccuDraw c bt ln, s c mt ca s nh c 2 trng X v Y xut hin trn mn hnh ca bn. Theo gi tr mc nh, AccuDraw c bt ln trong ln u bn m mt tp tin thit k. Nu n cha c bt ln, bn c th bt AccuDraw qua ng tc nhn vo biu tng ca n trong thanh cng c Primary Tools (xem hnh di). nhp ta chnh xc trong khi s dng mt cng c v, hy nhp gi tr s mong mun vo cc trng X v Y tng thch ca ca s AccuDraw. Mc du vy, AccuDraw khng c ngha ch l trng X v Y.

Bn c th gn neo cho hp nhp d liu u vo AccuDraw. Khc vi a phn cc hp cng c, AccuDraw ch c th c gn neo vo ng vin pha trn hay pha di ca mn hnh.
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La bn ca AccuDraw. Mt tnh nng khc ca AccuDraw s t ng xut hin khi bn nhp mt Data Point. Tnh nng ny gi l AccuDraw compass, n kt hp vi cc trng X, Y ca ca s AccuDraw cung cp mt hiu ng trc quan da trn tc v MicroStation hin hnh.

Minh ha: vi AccuDraw c bt ln, AccuDraw compass s xut hin sau khi bn nhp mt Data Point. Khi dch con tr trn mn hnh, bn hy rng gi tr ca AccuDraw X v Y thay i theo. Cc gi tr ny th hin khong cch t Data Point gn nht ti v tr hin thi ca con tr. Bn c th vit ln cc gi tr ta ng ny bng cch nhp ta qua bn phm. Hy s dng tiu im nhp liu t ng ca AccuDraw, hoc nhp chut vo trng m bn mun n nh gi tr. Input Focus tiu im nhp liu. Khi bn dch con tr trn mn hnh, AccuDraw s lin tc thay i gi tr trong trng hin hnh ca n. Trng hin hnh l trng c hp thoi c t ni bt v c con tr chn d liu. Nhng AccuDraw chn trng hin hnh ra sao? Nu bc dch con tr t Data Point gn nht c gi tr X ln hn gi tr Y th Input Focus (tiu im nhp liu) s xut hin trong trng X. Nu hng dch chuyn ca con tr cho thy mt s chnh lch gi tr Y ln hn gi tr X th trng Y s nhn c tiu im. thc c iu ny, bn s thy tt c nhng g bn cn lm hng AccuDraw vo mt trng c th l ko chut theo hng . Bn khng cn nhp chut vo trong hp t ni bt mt trng nhp liu trong ca s thit lp. AccuDraw c mt tnh nng gip cho vic dch chuyn vo hp ny tr nn hon ton khng cn thit. Sau y ta s trnh din tnh nng ny qua mt v d. Trong v d ny, bn hy rng gi tr X ln hn Y. Kt qu l tiu im nhp liu chuyn vo trng X, th hin qua ng vin en cng nh du chn d liu trong trng X.

AccuDraw Indexing Tham chiu AccuDraw Khi bn dch con tr trn mn hnh, l khi c mt on thng ct ngang qua mt im nh du trc, (cc im nh du mu , mu xanh v 2 im nh du mu trng c nh v cch nhau mt gc 900 trn la bn), th on thng kia s chuyn thnh dy hn. Khi on thng tr thnh dy hn nh th c ngha l n ang trong trng thi c tham chiu. Tnh nng ny t ra hu dng khi bn mun n nh mt on thng nm vung gc vi mt on thng khc. N cng hu dng cho vic v cc on thng nm theo chiu ngang hay chiu dc. iu ny c ngha l chng ta khng cn gi nn tnh nng kha cc trc, v n tit kim cho chng ta 1 hoc 2 bc thc hin.

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AccuDraw lm vic vi cng c ca bn Khi bn bt u s dng AccuDraw, bn s thy n lm vic vi nhiu cng c v khc nhau theo nhng cung cch ht sc c bit. V d, khi bn lm vic vi ng trn v ng cong, AccuDraw s cung cp khong cch v gc i din (angle face) thay v cc gi tr X v Y c ch trong on trn y. Bn cng c th bt ch ta gc ny ln bng ng tc nhn Space bar. Ch ta ny s c bn lun chi tit hn trong on di.

Minh ha: y, cng c Place Cirele (v ng trn) c chn v mt Data Point c nhp. Hy n s thay i trong la bn AccuDraw. N cho thy bn cn nhp gi tr trong dng ta gc (khong cch v gc) thay v trong ta hnh ch nht (X/Y). Tt tnh nng AccuDraw Mc d c l bn mun s dng AccuDraw trong a phn thi gian thit k, thnh thong bn vn mun tt n i. lm iu ny hy chn biu tng AccuDraw trn thanh cng c Primary Tools. Khi no mun bt li tnh nng AccuDraw, bn chn li biu tng AccuDraw trn thanh cng c Primary Tools ln na.

Cc ch v ca AccuDraw y mc nh thit lp cho phm chut nh sau: Data Point = phm chut tri Reset = phm chut phi hiu AccuDraw tt hn, ta phi xem xt cc phng php khc nhau cho vic nh v Data Point trn mt phng v ca tnh nng ny. Ta s xem xt li 2 ch v chun, Rectangular (ta vung gc) v Polar (ta cc), sau ta s bn lun tip n cch to chnh xc trong mi phng php ny. A. Phng php v ta vung gc Ch v Rectangular l phng php chnh ca MicroStation cho vic nhp vo mt v tr. Trong ch ny, ta s dng cc gi tr ta X v Y nh v im. Khi AccuDraw ch Rectangular, la bn ca n s xut hin di dng mt hnh vung. S dng ch Rectangular bn c th to on thng di y qua vic xc nh mt im cui ca n, sau , s dng dng tnh nng dch chuyn song song nh ch trong hnh, bn nhp vo im cui i din.

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Minh ha: Lm vic trong ch v Rectangular Gi ta hy s dng AccuDraw v on thng trn. V mt on thng vi chnh xc X/Y (ch Rectangular) 1. Chn cng c Place SmartLine 2. Nhp mt Data Point ti mt im bt k trn khung nhn. Bn s khng nhn thy hnh ch X ca AccuSnap. Bi y ch l mt im trong khng gian m thi.

Minh ha: Ca s AccuDraw AccuDraw trong ch hnh ch nht. Ca s AccuDraw ch ra cc gi tr 0 l gi tr khi u cho X v Y. Tiu im nhp liu by gi mt trong hai trng ca AccuDraw. Nu bn dch con tr, bn s thy mt s thay i. 3. Dch con tr sang phi (dc theo trc X dng) Tiu im by gi trong trng X. Khi trng ny c t ni bt, l tiu im ca AccuDraw ang trong trng ny. 4. Nhp s 2.75 (qua bn phm), sau dch con tr ln trn.

Tnh nng hin th ng ca on thng phn nh gi tr bn va nhp vo. C th hn, trng X t ng kha bo tn gi tr bn va nhp vo v tiu im nhp liu nhy sang trng Y. on thng c hin th ng, th hin khong dch chuyn song song 2.75 tnh theo trc X. Bn cng nn Khi bn nhp vo s 2.75, on thng s thay i ng vi mi ch s c nhp qua bn phm. Kh nng thay i ng theo mi ng tc bm phm ny cung cp cho bn s phn hi trc quan t qu trnh thit k v gip cho bn tm bt cc li lm trc khi chng c c hi xy ra (v d nh vic nhp vo s 275 thay v s 2.75). Dch con tr ln pha trn ca mn hnh (theo trc Y dng). on thng cha c v tht s, ch c hn ch tun th gi tr bn nhp vo. Tiu im nhp liu key-in t ng chuyn sang trng Y, sn sng chp nhn gi tr nhp tip theo. 5. Nhp vo gi tr Y l 1.5
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on thng by gi c hin th ng vi gi tr X l 2.75 v gi tr Y l 1.5. Thm mt ln na, xin nhc li rng on thng vn cha c v thc s, mc d n by gi c hn ch mt cch hon ho bi cp gi tr X/Y va c a vo. Nu mun, bn vn c th thay i cc gi tr ny, m kha cho cc trng, v.v 6. Nhp mt Data Point hon tt qu trnh v on thng.

Minh ha: Hon tt on thng 7. Nhn Reset. Mc d cc bc bi tp trn y ly i ca bn mt cht thi gian qua cc tranh minh ha, nhng bnh thng khi thit k, cng vic ny s c thc hin rt nhanh chng Data Point, 2.75, 1.5, Data Point. Hy t bn kim tra li, gng thc hin cng on trn cho nhanh chng bng cch lp li qui trnh v chui lnh nhiu ln. B. Ch v Polar (ta cc) Ch v Polar (dnh cho vic n nh mt khong cch ca mt gc tng i i vi im gc) l phng php th 2 ca MicroStation cho vic nhp v tr. Ch ny cng tng t nh vic s dng ta gc trong hnh hc phng. Bn lm vic trong ch ny, la bn AccuDraw s xut hin di dng hnh trn. Ta s dng ch ny v cc im ti cc khong cch xc nh v to thnh cc gc xc nh k t im gc. Bn c th s dng AccuDraw trong ch ny v k c on thng ln cung trn.

Minh ha: Lm vic trong ch v Polar Ta hy s dng AccuDraw v on thng. V mt on thng vi khong cch/gc (ch Polar) 1. S dng tip tc cng c Place SmartLine, nhp vo im th nht ti v tr. 2. Nhn Space bar (phm cch) chuyn sang ch v Polar.
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Minh ha: La bn ca AccuDraw trong ch Polar Ca s AccuDraw Ca s AccuDraw phn nh li v hin th gi tr ca khong cch/Angle l 0. Tiu im nhp liu ng trong trng Distance (khong cch), v AccuDraw cho rng bn mun nhp mt khong cch qua bn phm. Nu tiu im nhp liu kh 3. Nhp gi tr 3.5 cho Distance.

Minh ha: La bn AccuDraw trong ch Polar Ca s AccuDraw Tnh nng hin th ng ca on thng thay i phn nh gi tr va nhp c. Bn cnh , trng khong cch t ng kha li bo ton gi tr va nhp. on thng c hin th ng vi chiu di 3.5 on thng cha c v, n ch c hn ch tha mn gi tr va nhp. Tiu im nhp i tiu im nhp liu sang trng Angle. Tiu im nhp liu chuyn sang trng Angle. 5. Nhp gi tr gc 15.5

on thng by gi c t ng hin th vi chiu di 3.5 v gc 15.5. Chng ti xin nhc li rng on thng cha c v tht s, mc d n c hn ch hon ton qua nhng gi tr xc nh. Nu mun, bn vn c th thay i cc gi tr ny.
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6. Nhp mt Data Point hon tt vic v on thng.

Minh ha: Hon tt on thng. 7. Nhn Reset Vic v on thng trong thc t tht ra rt nhanh chng v d dng. Chng ti xin nhc tm Lit k tt c cc phm tt ca AccuDraw Bng sau y s miu t cc phm tt mc nh ca MicroStation Phm Hiu ng Cc phm ph bin M ra ca s AccuDraw Shortcuts ? Smart Lock Trong h ta hnh ch nht, n s kha X thnh 0 nu con tr tr vo trc Y ca mt phng v hay kha Y bng 0 nu con tr tr vo trc X. Enter Trong h ta gc (Polar), n s kha gc thnh 00, 900, -900 hoc 1800 nu con tr ang tr ln cc trc ca mt phng v hoc nu khng th n s kha Distance vo vi gi tr c nhp gn y nht. Space bar Chuyn i gia 2 ch Rectangular v Polar Dch chuyn im gc ca Drawing Plane (mt phng v) n v tr con tr hin O thi. Cc phm c bit X l mt mc trong hp thoi thit lp tham s. N i tm mc u tin thuc dng bt/tt hoc option button (nt lnh ty chn), ri bt/tt hoc a option button nhy n gi tr ng lut tip theo Kha trng thi index hin hnh. Nu mt trc hay mt khong cch khng b kha, L s tt i tnh nng kha. Mt khc, nu mt trc hay mt khong cch c kha, th L s kha tnh nng kha ny li. Hiu ng mang tnh tm thi, n s ko di cho ti khi bn nhp mt Data Point khc hoc chy phm tt ln na XYZ X Y Z Bt/tt trng thi kha cho gi tr X Bt/tt trng thi kha cho gi tr Y Bt/tt trng thi kha cho gi tr Z Khong cch/gc Bt/tt trng thi kha cho gi tr Distance Bt/tt trng thi kha cho gi tr Angle (gc) Snaps (bt im) Kch hot ch bt im Nearest (im gn nht) Kch hot ch bt im Center (im tm) 39

D A

N C

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I K

Kch hot ch Intersect (giao im) M ra hp thoi thit lp tham s Keypoint Snap Divisor, n nh Snap Divisor cho ch bt im Keypoint Cc phm thng gp S dng nhanh chng xoay mt phng v mt cch tm thi. S dng xoay mt phng v mt cch lu di. V n xoay c ACS hin hnh nn ng tc xoay ny vn c kch hot sau khi lnh hin hnh kt thc Cc phm khc Xoay mt phng v 900 quanh trc X Xoay mt phng v 900 quanh trc X Xoay mt phng v 900 quanh trc Z

R, Q R, A

R, X R, Y R, Z

Khung nhn Xoay mt phng v v ti gc xoay non-content (khng ni dung) cui cng, c th l: Top, Front, Side, View hay l Auxiliary. Hy chn phm tt ln na tt B i tnh nng v a mt phng v v vi gc xoay trc ca n Xoay gia 3 mt phng chnh: Top, Front v Side (ch khi lm vic 3D). Tnh nng ny cng hot ng khi mt phng gc ca bn l mt ACS hoc mt gc E xoay theo ng cnh (context rotation), th nn bn khng cn s dng RX, RY xoay mt phng v i mt gc 900 Xoay mt phng v theo cc trc ca mt khung nhn Front chun F Xoay mt phng v theo cc trc ca mt khung nhn Right chun S Xoay cc mt phng theo mt khung nhn Top chun T Xoay mt phng v theo cc trc ca khung nhn V Lu tr cc thit lp tham s sp xp mt phng v di dng ACS W, A Gi li mt ACS c lu tr G, A Nhng lnh t gp M hp thoi thit lp Data Point Key-in nhp mt Data Point P M hp thoi thit lp Data Point Key-in nhp nhiu Data Point M M ra (hay l chuyn tiu im n) ca s Key-in (cho cng kt qu nh khi G, K chn Key-in t lnh n Utilities) M ra (hay chuyn tiu im n) hp thoi AccuDraw Settings (cng kt qu G, S nh khi chn lnh AccuDraw t lnh n Settings) Dch chuyn tiu im n ca s thit lp tham s cng c G, T Operators (Tc v chnh) Tt AccuDraw Tm thi ngng AccuSnap Bt/tt AccuSnap

Q U J

Thit lp AccuDraw Ca s AccuDraw Settings cung cp s truy cp n cc tham s cho Operation (hot ng), Display (hin th) v Coordinates (ta ) ca AccuDraw. Bnh thng, ca s AccuDraw Settings khng cn c hin th trn mn hnh. Rt nhiu tnh nng kim sot v thit lp trong AccuDraw Settings cng c th c truy cp qua phm tt.
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Gi ca s AccuDraw Settings: Khi AccuDraw ang th kch hot, Nhn phm ? , chng trnh s hin th danh sch tt c cc phm tt AccuDraw. Cc phm tt ny ch hot ng khi ca s AccuDraw c tiu im. 1. Nhn vo dng GS go to Settings. 2. Nhn Run. Ca s AccuDraw Settings xut hin. Lu : Ngay c khi ca s cha cc phm tt khng hin th trn mn hnh bn vn c th s dng phm tt. Hay n gin nhp vo t hp phm tng thch chy phm tt. Th Display:

Nh bn thy, cc tham s trong phn Display cho php bn thay i cung cch m AccuDraw xut hin trn mn hnh. Bn c th thay i mu sc ca la bn AccuDraw, bn c th bt/tt cc mc la chn hin th khc v bn c th truy cp cc phm tt. Th Coordinates:

Th Coordinates ch cho bn h thng xoay no ang c kch hot (bn c th thay i h thng xoay y, nhng s dng phm tt spacebar (phm cch) khi ang lm vic s l mt phng php nhanh hn). Bn c th bt/tt cc n v roundoff, v cc mc indexing trong ca s ny. Th Operation:

Mt lot cc tham s cao cp hn cp n cc chi tit c th, c th hin trong th Operation. y ta s xem xt 2 tham s ca th Operation, rt quan trng i vi hot ng ca AccuDraw: Tham s Floating Origin v Context Sensitivity.
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1. Tham s Floating Origin AccuDraw thay i im gc ca mt phng v ca n sau mi ln bn nhp mt Data Point: la bn AccuDraw dch chuyn n Data Point c nhp cui cng. Ta c th tt tnh nng ny qua ng tc tt hp kim Floating Origin trong hp thoi AccuDraw Settings. Bn hy t th tnh nng ny. Hy chn cng c Place SmartLine v v mt s phn t. Vi cng c Place SmartLine vn trong trng thi kch hot, bn quay tr li hp thoi AccuDraw Settings, tt tnh nng Floating Origin. Gi bn v thm mt s on thng khc. La bn by gi khng cn i theo con tr khi bn nhp cc Data Point. Vic tt i ny c th t ra hu dng trong mt s trng hp, c bit khi bn c mt lot cc offsets (sao chp v dch chuyn song song) t mt im tham chiu duy nht. 2. Tham s Context Sensitivity Context Sensitivity l mt tnh nng khc ca AccuDraw, cho php bn bt tt trong ca s AccuDraw Settings. Tnh nng ny c bt theo mc nh. Context Sensitivity p AccuDraw nh hng mt phng v ca n sao cho n nm dc theo trc X ca phn t c to nn gn y nht. S dng Place SmartLine, ta hy xem mt cht tnh nng ny. Vi Context Sensitivity c bt ln, bn s thy la bn xoay sao cho ph hp vi Data Point cui cng bn va nhp vo. Khi tt i tnh nng Context Sensitivity, la bn s c nh hng theo khung nhn View Attributes (Thuc tnh ca khung nhn) Thay i View Attributes (thuc tnh khung nhn) Hnh bn di l bn v mt bng ch ra kch thc, nhn, biu tng cng cc thnh phn ca ngi nh cao tng v d nh tng, cu thang, ca ra vo, v.v - nhiu thng tin n mc nu hin th tt c, bn v s tr thnh kh c.

MicroStation cho php bn s dng View Attributes (thuc tnh ca khung nhn) thay i cch xem xt bn v, qua ng tc n nh nhng loi phn t s c hin th v cung cch xut hin cng nh ngoi hnh ca cc phn t khc. Ta hy th nghim vi View Attributes. 1. Bn chn lnh View Attributes t lnh n Settings. Hp thoi View Attributes xut hin.

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2. i mc View Number thnh 3. Chng ta s thay i thuc tnh khung nhn ca View 3. Ta hy tt i cc thng tin v kch thc (dimension), li ch gii (text) cng nh b dy on thng (line weight). 3. Nhn vo hp k bn Dimensions b i du checkmark trong hp v tt tnh nng ny. 4. Tng t, b chn mc Text. 5. B chn mc Line Weights. 6. Nhn Apply, nt lnh nm trong gc di ca s thit lp tham s View Attributes. Mch bo: Ch khi bn nhn Apply th nhng thay i mi bt u c hiu lc! View 3 cp nht phn nh nhng thay i . By gi kt qu khung nhn ca bn r rng v d c hn.

7. Nhn vo mc All trong ca s thit lp View Attributes MicroStation cp nht tt c cc ca s khung nhn ang c m vi cng cc thuc tnh khung nhn va c thay i 8. ng ca s View Attributes. Cc phm tt gi View Atributes Phm tt #1 1. Tr chut vo biu tng ch B ca Bentley nm trong gc trn bn tri ca khung nhn. 2. Nhn phm chut tri mt ln hin th lnh n. Chn lnh View Attributes t lnh n ny. Hp thoi View Attributes xut hin.

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Phm tt #2 Nhn gi phm "Ctrl" , nhn phm B. Hp thoi View Attributes xut hin. Pop Set v ca s Tool Settings Pop Set v ca s Tool Settings Ca s Tool Settings xut hin bt c khi no bn chn mt cng c MicroStation. Ca s ny c cha cc thit lp, n nh cch thc hot ng ca cng c c chn, v tn ca cng c s xut hin trong thanh ta ca ca s. Nt lnh Pot Set s n nh ca s ny xut hin ti v tr no trn mn hnh.

Nu bn bt ln mc la chn PopSet trong thanh cng c Primary, th ca s Tool Settings s xut hin gn lnh n Main ri bin mt, ri ch xut hin tr li khi bn cn ti n. Nu bn bt ln mc la chn PopSet trong thanh cng c Primary, th ca s Tool Settings s xut hin gn lnh n Main ri bin mt, ri ch xut hin tr li khi bn cn ti n.
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Phn 2: Gii thiu tt c cc Menu v cc cng c

Menus File: New To v m Design File mi Open M Design File c. Save As... - Lu design file vi tn mi. Close - ng design file hin thi. Compress Design - Nn d liu trong design file / vnh vin xa b cc phn t Save Settings Lu n v lm vic, li, v tyris ca s, v.v. -. Reference - gn design files tham chiu. Drawing Composition Tin ch to plot layouts Import Nhp file nh dng khc. Export Xut file hin thi ti nh dng khc. Print/Plot To bn in ca ca s hoc vng fence design file. Page Setup Thit t kch thc giy. 1,2,3,4,etc. Trnh by danh sch cc file sau cng m trong Microstation. Exit Thot MicroStation. Edit: Undo Hon tc lnh cui. Undo Other Hon tc thao tc bi cc tham s khc. Redo Lm li thao tc undo ln cui. Set Mark Thit t mt nh du hon tc. Cut ct phn t vo Clipboard. Copy - Copies t Clipboard. Paste - Pastes t Clipboard. Show Clipboard trnh by ni dung ca Clipboard. Group To nhm i tng ha. Ungroup Loi b nhm. Lock - Kha phn t ring bit, ngn chn cc thao tc Unlock - M cc phn t cho thao tc. Find/Replace Text Thay th text. Select All chn tt c cc phn t trn tt cc levels. Select By Attributes -Thit lp v thc hin la chn bi lc phn t tiu chun Element: Attributes Hp thoi thit t thuc tnh phn t. B-splines -Hp thoi cho thit lp ng cong b-spline v cc b mt Cells M cell library. Dimensions Tin ch t v bin tp kch thc. Multilines Tin ch xc nh kiu multi-line. Tags Tin ch s dng lin kt tag data ti phn t. Text Thit t Font v c tnh text. Information Hp thoi trnh by thng tin i tng chn. Settings: Manage Thit lp qun l/chn nhm. AccuDraw Tin ch thit lp cho ta AccuDraw. Color Table Tin ch chn v bin tp bng mu. Database -Tin ch cho vic kt ni v duy tr mi lin kt c s d liu
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Design File - Ci t cho nhiu kha cnh ca design file, bao gm cc n v, t l, ti liu tham chiu, vv Level Trnh by levels, nh ngha tn levels, k hiu, v.v. Locks -Hp thoi thit lp v iu chnh cc kha bt but Camera - Set up the camera for perspective viewing. Rendering -Ci t v tin ch thit lp cho vic v v nh sng Snaps -La chn v ci t cho b lc v tr View Attributes -Cc thit lp chuyn i cho mi hin th khung nhn Tools: Gm mt s cng c sau: Tool Boxes... Chn bt k hp cng c no ca MicroStation Tool Settings -Cng c ci t Floating Dialog, hin th cc ty chn cho cng c hin hnh Primary Cng c chnh bao gm color, layer, style, weight, information, v accudraw. Standard - New, Open, Close, Print file, Cut, Copy, Paste, Undo, Redo, Help. Main Cng c v v bin tp chnh. 3D To v bin tp i tng 3D, v iu khin khung nhn c bit. Annotate Cho ch thch bn v. Auxiliary Coordinates - To v qun l h thng ta Curves To, bin tp, v iu khin curves phc tp, B-Splines, v NURBS. Database -Kt ni v lin kt phn t n tp tin c s d liu DD Design - iu khin kch thc (tham s) cc thc th thit k Drop -Cc yu t Phc tp ti thnh phn b phn Fillets Vt, bo trn v chnh sa khc cho gc Isometric Cng c son tho gc tiu chun (2D) Match -Chn cc thuc tnh cho cccc phn t hin c v thit lp hot ng. Multiline Joints - ni line Redline - cng c Redline nh du v sa i bn v. Reference Files - Qun l file Vector v Raster tham chiu View Control iu khin khung nhn trong floating toolbox. Visualizaion Tools - Render v smooth i tng 3D. Close Tool Boxes... ng tt c floating toolboxes. Utilities: Key-in nhp text dng lnh. Cell Selector Th vin biu tng ca cells i tng. Text Glossary i tng text c bit v trng d liu. Image - Utilitites cho hin th, lu, v chnh sa hnh nh. Render - Render khung nhn 3D . Auxilliary Coordinates -Mt th vin lu h thng ta ph Saved - Mt th vin lu cc ci t v hng khung nhn Archive - Lu v nn tt c cc file lin quan n d n. Generate Section Ct mc 2D v 3D ca i tng 3D. Install Fonts - S dng bt k font Windows trong bn v ca bn MDL Applications Chy ng dng m rng cho MicroStation. User Command - Ngi s dng to ra cc tp tin script t ng ha hng lot. Create Macro - Ghi li cc s kin v to mt chng trnh. Macros - Chng trnh c s cung cp chc nng plug-in ti MicroStation. Workspace: Preferences Thit t tham chiu. Configuration - Bin cu hnh cho chng trnh hot ng. Customize - To ci nhn ca ring bn.
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Function Keys Gn lnh ti phm chc nng (F-keys). Button Assignments - Gn nt chut ti kiu tr . Digitizing Thit t v s dng bn s ha. About Workspace - Thng tin v cu hnh khng gian lm vic hin ti Window: Open/Close M hoc ng mt khung nhn, hoc chn hp thoi. Cascade - Align all open views in a cascading down the screen. Cn tt c cc khung nhn m trong dng xp tng Tile - Cn tt c cc khung nhn m trong dng xp lp. Arrange -Lm kht tt c cc ca s chng c th nhn thy trn mn hnh Groups Nhm cc ca s vo trong mt tp hp. Scroll Bars - Lm ca s c thanh cun v nhng iu khin khung nhn vo bin 1,2,3,4 M ca s v hp cng c. Cng c v hp cng c Hp cng c chnh

Chn phn t t Fence Chnh sa Fence iu khin Ni dung Fence Xa ni dung fence Th trng thi phc tp ca ni dung Fence t Point Xy dng cc im gia cc d liu im (chia) D n im ang hot ng vo phn t Xy dng im hot ng ti cc giao im Xy dng cc im dc theo phn t(chia) Xy dng im hot ng theo khong cch dc phn t t Smartline t Line t Multi-line t Stream Line String t Point hoc Stream Curve Xy dng phn gic gc Xy dng khoang cch ti thiu Line Xy dng Line ti gc hot ng t im To hatch ng cho Hatch dduwowdng cho vung gc Hoa vn Hoa vn dng tuyn Trnh by thuc tnh hoa vn Ph hp thuc tnh Pattern Xa hoa vn

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t Block (c nht) t Shape t Shape vung gc t Polygon thng t Arc t Half Ellipse t phn t Ellipse Chnh sa bn knh ng cong Chnh sa gc cung Chnh sa trc cung t Circle t Ellipse

Gn Tags Chnh sa Tags Xem li Tags t Text t Note Chnh saText Hin th thuc tnh Text Lm ph hp thuc tnh Text Thay i Text ti thuc tnh hot ng t nt Text Copy v gia tng Text Copy trng d liu nhp Copy v gia tng trng d liu nhp lp y vo cc trng d liu n (database) T ng lp y trng d liu (database) Drop phn t To chui phc tp To hnh phc tp To Region Thm vo nhm ha Drop t nhm ha Nhm cc l t Cell hot ng t ma trn cell Chn cell trn mn hnh t nh ngha li gc cell Xc nh Cell t cell vi line chn Thay i Cell

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o khong cch o bn kch o gc kp o di o din tch o th tch Ging kch thc phn t Ging kch thc kiu mi tn Ging kch thc kiu nt gch Ging kch thc lin tc Ging kch thc xp chng (Stacked) Ging kch thc vung gc ti im Ging kch thc vung gc ti i tng Ging kch thc phi hp Ging kch thc gc lin tc Ging kch thc gc xp chng Gc kp gia 2 line Gc so trc X Gc so trc Y ng knh Cp nht kch thc Dung sai hnh hc Thay i thuc tnh phn t Thay i phn t ti vng hot ng (Solid/Hole) Thay i phn t ti kiu t y Sa i thuc tnh kiu ng Thay i Multiline ti nh ngha hot ng Ph hp thuc tnh phn t Ph hp mi thuc tnh Copy Move Move/Copy Parallel Scale Rotate Mirror (i xng) Construct Array (cu trc mng) Xa phn t Chnh sa phn t Xa mt phn Ko di Line Ko di hai phn t ti im giao Ko di phn t ti in giao Ct phn t Chn nh Xa nh Bo gc 49

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Vt gc

3D

Khi ch nht Khi cu Hnh tr Nn ct Hnh xuyn Hnh ci nm Trch xut ng b mt Trch xut ng ct ranh gii Line giao nhau vi b mt Xy dng b mt hoc Solid ca hnh chiu Xy dng b mt hoc Solid ca trc xoay t Form b mt t do Xy dng b mt bng mc hoc mng li Xy dng b mt bng cnh Xy dng b mt hnh ng Xy dng b mt skin Xy dng Offset Surface

Cng c khc

Ghi ch t c Trnh by v chnh sa c Cp nht c nh ngha ACS (Canh vi phn t) nh ngha ACS (bi Points) nh ngha ACS (Canh vi khung nhn) Quay ACS Di chuyn ACS Chn ACS t ng cong B-Spline t ng cong hn hp Ni suy bi cung t hnh nn ng xon c ng l xo Thay i ti thit lp ng cong hoajt ng Gim d liu ng cong Ko di ng cong Thay i hng phn t Chuyn i phn t ti B-Spline Offset Element Blend Curves 50

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Chnh sa B-Spline Curve Tnh ton Curve Gn thc th hot ng Hin th phng thc Lin kt Trnh by thc th hot ng Xc nh cc thc th ha hot ng Xem li c s d liu thuc tnh ca cc phn t Tho kt ni c s d liu nh km thuc tnh hin th Load thuc tnh hin th To bng bo co nh km phn t Pen nh km Arc nh km Ellipse nh km ti Point Canh chnh phn t nh km ti Line String hoc Shape Drop phn t Drop tnh trng phc tp Drop trng thi Line String/Shape Drop Text Drop hn hp Drop t nhm Drop Line Style Drop hoa vn hn hp Drop Multiline Drop phn t kch thc Drop B-Spline Curve Bo trn gc theo bn knh Bo trn gc theo di ay cung To vt gc Block Isometric Circle Isometric

(Match: lm cho ph hp)

Smart Element Attributes Text Attributes Multi-line Dimension Active Pattern Curve Settings Surface Settings

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Ch p dng vi multi line

ch thp kn (khng tch ri multi line) Ch thp h (khng tch ri multi line) Ch thp (khng tch ri multi line) Ct thnh phn Line n (khng tch ri multi line) Ct tt c Lines (khng tch ri multi line) Ct b mt nhnh ch thp Ct b mt nhnh ch thp Ct b mt nhnh ch thp Ct b 2 nhnh Uncut b phn Lines Ct ri Multi-line Di chuyn mt nt ca Multi-line Chnh sa phn bt u ca Multi-line Redline On Redline Off

Gn File tham chiu Clip File tham chiu nh du File tham chiu Xa nh du Thit lp file tham chu ra sau mt phng Clip Thit lp file tham chu ra trc mt phng Clip Reload File tham chiu Di chuyn File tham chiu T l File tham chiu Quay File tham chiu i xng file tham chiu theo trc ngang i xng file tham chiu theo trc dc G File tham chiu Cp nht khung nhn Phng to Thu nh Xem vng c s Xem ton b Quay khung nhn Pan Tr v khung nhn trc Khung nhn tip theo Copy khung nhn

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Phn 3: MicroStation vi ngi s dng AutoCAD

Trc ht phi xc nh l hai gi CAD khng ging nhau. Nhng khi cng ngh tin b (v cc giao din "Windows" xm nhp mi ng dng), MicroStation v AutoCAD c nhiu s tng ng vi mi phin bn mi. Tuy nhin, MicroStation v AutoCAD vn cn khc nhau trong mt s cch, c bit trong thit k v cch s dng. Mc tiu ca bn l lm cho qu trnh chuyn i ny l hon ho nht. Tm hiu cc kh nng, nhng hn ch, v quan trng nht l tm hiu s khc bit v lm vic vi chng. Quan h gia AutoCAD v Microstation Phn ny c thit k gip ngi dng AutoCAD tip cn vi MicroStation. N bao gm cc th tc thng thng ngi dng chuyn i, tho lun mt s khc bit v khi nim gia hai ng dng, v danh sch th t ch ci cho MicroStation tng ng cc mc v lnh ca AutoCAD. nhn c tr gip v s tng ng MicroStation vi mt lnh AutoCAD: 1. T Help menu, chon Search For Help on... 2. Chn "tn lnh AutoCAD " t danh sch. 3. Click Display. a cc khi vo mt th vin cell ca MicroStation . Nhp ti du nhc h thng: msbatch dwgin input:<drawing_file> createlib Drawing_file l file bn v c cha cc khi c t trong th vin cell. Cc k t i din "*" v "?" c th c s dng ch nh nhiu file Mt th vin cell mi c to ra cng tn tp tin nh drawing_file nhng vi hu t "cel;." Nu mt th vin cng tn tp tin tn ti, n c ghi . V d: msbatch dwgin input:c:\blocks\*.dwg createlib Gi nguyn ta trong cc tp tin bn v: AutoCAD v MicroStation lu tr ta khc nhau: AutoCAD gi ta l nhng gi tr im trong mt s lng v hn MicroStation gi ta l s nguyn 32-bit - trong 2D, trn mt thit k phng hu hn hoc 3D, hoc trong mt khi lp phng Khi bn m mt tp tin ". Dwg" trong MicroStation, cn phi lm mt trong nhng iu sau y: Chuyn bn v n ph hp trong thit k phng hoc khi lp phng. S dng mt design file vi thit lp cc n v mt gi tr thch hp hn
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Seed files c thit k mu vi cc thit lp, bao gm cc n v lm vic, thit lp cc gi tr thch hp cho cc ngnh nh kin trc, bn , c kh. Seed files tng t nh file nguyn mu AutoCAD. Canh gia mt bn v: Khi bn m mt file bn v dwg, nu cc bn v khng ph hp trong mt phng thit k (hnh khi), n c canh gia Nu bn m file bn v bng cch chn Import> DWG hoc DXF ... t menu File, mt cnh bo v gc ta mi c hin th trong khu vc Status trong hp thoi Import Drawing File. Nu Shift Global Origin l ON, gc ta ca file thit k c thay i ph hp vi gc ta ca file bn v. Cc ta ca cc thc th trong tp tin v gi nguyn, nhng ta ca cc yu t trong file thit k c thay i Nu bn m file bn v bng cch nhp lnh ti du nhc h thng hoc bng cch chn Open ... t menu File, gc s chuyn nu mt file thit k mi c to ra. Nu file bn v khng ph hp trong cc mt phng thit k hoc lp phng sau khi c cn gia, cnh bo hin th trong mt hp cnh bo v trong tp tin ng nhp. Nu iu ny xy ra, s dng mt file thit k c to ra t mt tp tin vi thit lp n v mt gi tr thch hp. Cc khi nim khc nhau Phn ny bao gm mt s mc MicroStation v AutoCAD lm vic khc nhau Hp thoi phng thc v khng phng thc: Hp thoi phng thc yu cu tt c cc tng tc ngi dng tp trung trong hp thoi. Hp thoi phng thc thng c mt nt OK v Cancel. Chng thng c s dng trong cc tnh hung sau: Khi mt ng dng phi c mt s thng tin trc khi n c th tip tc. Mt v d l tn tp tin cho mt tp tin c to ra Mt tp hp y cc thng tin phi c nhp trc khi hnh ng khc c th c thc hin. cung cp tin nhn, c bit l nhng cnh bo Hp thoi phng thc phi c ng trc khi bt k hnh ng no khc c th c thc hin Hp thoi khng phng thc cho bn tng tc vi cc hp thoi khc hoc cc b phn khc ca mt ng dng, v d, cc cng c v. Trong MicroStation, hu ht cc hp thoi l khng phng thc. MicroStation gii hn s dng hp thoi phng thc ch yu thao tc file, chng hn nh New v Open, hp cnh bo, Thit lp hot ng trong MicroStation: AutoCAD s nhc ngi s dng nhp thng tin mi khi lnh c yu cu. Cc thng tin nhp vo l gi tr mc nh, nhng ngi dng vn phi tr li cho tt c cc ln nhc mi khi mt lnh c yu cu. Trong MicroStation, thit t p dng cho hu ht cc hot ng u vo hoc chnh sa c gi l cc thit lp hot ng - bn c th thay i bt k cc thit lp (hoc khng ) bt k lc no. Cc mc MicroStation tng ng vi AutoCAD : Bng ny lit k cc thut ng thng dng ca AutoCAD v tng ng MicroStation. AutoCAD: MicroStation: Ch gii (hoc thng tin thm): ADS MDL xem phn "The MDL Alternative" trong help. attributes tags Xem Tagging Elements . block cell Cell MicroStation c lu tr trong mt tp tin
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c bit c gi l th vin cell Cancel command Vng nhc lnh drawing ".dwg" file elevation entity (thc th) entity properties erase explode grips layer Nt Reset key-in Ca s lnh design ".dgn" file Active Depth element (i tng) element attributes delete drop status handles Level Xem Key-ins. Xem Using MicroStation Manager. Xem Active Depth. Xem Setting the Active Element Attributes. Cng c xa trong thanh cng c chnh. Cng c Drop trong nhm cng c. Xem Selecting Elements. Trong AutoCAD khng gii hn cc lp phi c thit lp, MicroStation c sn 63 lp Xem Line Style. Xem Using Tentative Points. Xem Manipulating and Modifying Elements.

linetype line style osnap tentative pick identify pick button Data button pick point data point Xem Data points. pop-down menus pull-down menus xem Using MicroStation Manager. prototype file seed file Xem Seed files. purge compress T File menu, chn Compress Design. redraw update rubberbanding dynamic update style font Xenm Text Labels. units working units Xem Working units. viewport view Xem Viewing Designs. window fence Xref reference file Xem Using Reference Design Files. Trong cc ti liu MicroStation, nh dng nh phn DWG v nh dng DXF c bn l ging nhau, thut ng " drawing file " c s dng trong ti liu MicroStation ch file "dwg." hoc l mt file ". Dxf" Tng quan MicroStation vi lnh AutoCAD Phn ny gii thiu danh sch th t ch ci ca cc lnh AutoCAD v danh sch cng c MicroStation tng ng, S dng tin ch Alias Manager (SE) c cung cp vi MicroStation SE, bn s c lnh b danh AutoCAD ti cng c MicroStation tng ng. Alias Manager (SE): Cc ng dng Alias Manager gip bn trong vic chuyn i t cc gi phn mm khc ti MicroStation bng cch thit lp mt lnh b danh khc AccuDraw Keyboard Shortcuts: Bn c th ty chnh cc phm tt AccuDraw bng cch s dng ca s AccuDraw Shortcuts >> m ca s AccuDraw Shortcuts: 1.T Settings menu, chn AccuDraw. 2.Click nt Shortcut Key-ins. >> chnh sa mt phm tt: 1.Trong list box, chn phm tt cn chnh sa. 2.Trong ca s AccuDraw Shortcuts, click nt Edit .
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3. Lm thay i theo mong mun - bn c th thay i cc phm tt, m t, hoc cc mc nhp lnh MicroStation 4.Kch OK. >> to mt phm tt: 1.Trong ca s AccuDraw Shortcuts, kch nt New. 2.Nhp phm tt trong shortcut , m t. 3.Kch OK . cc phm tt AccuDraw c lu tr trong mt file vn bn c th c chnh sa bng cch s dng bt k trnh x l hay son tho vn bn cng nh bng cch s dng ca s phm tt AccuDraw. Chnh sa th cng file phm tt l cch duy nht xa mt phm tt, xc nh mt phm tt l 2D hoc 3D , hoc sp xp li th t cc phm tt. S dng Alias Manager (SE): Mt khi bn hiu thit lp qun l b danh gn b danh cho mt lnh khc, bn c th nhp lnh v kch hot cng c "tng ng" trong MicroStation Bn c th ti cc ng dng MDL Alias Manager t trnh n Utilities ca MicroStation, hoc bn c th g vo mt key-in. Key-in: MDL LOAD ALIASMGR [filename] >> to mt file d liu Alias Manager trong MicroStation: 1.T hp thoi Alias Manager, chn File > Open m file Alias Manager hin thi. 2. Thm mc mi vo danh sch cc b danh khi cn thit. 3.trong trng Command , nhp lnh bn mun to b danh. Bt c lc no, bn c th nhn thanh <Space> hoc phm Enter hon thnh cc lnh. V d: Lnh Keyin kt qu line<Enter> Line t line z<space>w<space> Zoom window m rng vng ca s 4.. Trong mc u vo, g phm b danh. Cc u vo tng ng b danh c hin th trong lnh vc vn bn thch hp. Bt k lnh no m khng phi l b danh trong cc tp tin vn bn, to ra hai ting bp Ngi dng chuyn t AutoCAD c th s dng ALIASMGR thm b danh trong tp tin ACAD.ALM cho file hin ang c np. Cc th tc sau y m t cc bc lin quan >> to alias file: 1.trong hp thoi Alias Manager, chn File > Open. 2.Chn th mc cha file ACAD.ALM mun s dng. 3.Trong trng Filter , nhp ACAD.ALM ng dng c gng m cc tp tin v sau c ni dung ca n vo b nh. MicroStation hin th thng tin v nhiu lnh b danh c x l thnh cng Tt c cc b danh c tm thy trong tp tin ACAD.ALM c th khng c gn, hoc v lnh rt ngn c th l c trong danh sch cc lnh, hoc v tn lnh y khng th c tm thy trong danh sch cc b danh hin ti Cc b danh c thm vo qua qu trnh ny ch tn ti cho phin lm vic hin ti ca MicroStation, hoc cho n khi bn m mt tp tin d liu Alias Manager Bn phi thc hin File> Save (hoc File> Save As ...) nhng b sung tr thnh vnh vin Lnh AutoCAD tng ng vi cng c MicroStation: ABOUT Help menu/About MicroStation... APPLOAD s dng menu/MDL Applications ARC cng c t Arc trong hp cng c Arcs AREA cng c Measure Area ARRAY cng c Construct Array ATTDEF Element menu/Tags > Define
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cng c Edit Tags Element menu/Tags > Generate Reports... Cc tin ch EdG cho php bn kim tra mt design file xem nu n l hp l, v ty chn sa li. Xem "EdG" trong chng 10 Hng dn ca microstation. BHATCH cng c Hatch Area BLOCK xem phn to mt cell BPOLY cng c Create Region tool BREAK cng c xa mt phn i tng hoc cng c chn nh trong hp cng c Modify. CHAMFER cng c Construct Chamfer trong hp cng c Modify CHANGE thay i level (layer), color, line style (linetype), hoc line weight CHPROP (thickness), s dng cng c thay i thuc tnh i tng. di chuyn im cui mt line hoc thay i chu vi ng trn, s dng cng c Modify Element . di chuyn text hoc mt cell (block), s dng cng c Move. chnh sa text, s dng cng c Edit Text l. thay i font, height, v width ca mt text , s dng cng c thay i thuc tnh Text . CIRCLE Cng c t ng trn trong hp cng c Ellipses COLOR kch hot Color BYLAYER Settings menu/Level > Symbology... BYBLOCK khng c cng c tng ng COMPILE Utilities menu/Install Fonts... CONFIG (DOS only) tin ch cu hnh USCONFIG COORDS Ta c hin th khi bn di chuyn con tr trong ca s AccuDraw COPY cng c Copy DBLIST xem "EdG" trong chng 10 phn tr gip DDATTDEF Element menu/Text or Element menu/Tags > Define DDATTE cng c chnh sa Tags tool trong hp cng c Tags DDATTEXT Element menu/Tags > Generate Templates DDCHPROP Element menu/Information DDEDIT cng c chnh sa Text DDEMODES Element menu/Attributes DDINSERT cng c t Cell hot ng trong hp cng c Cells DDLMODES Settings menu/Level > Display or Settings menu/ Level > Symbology... DDMODIFY Element menu/Information DDOSNAP xem Using Tentative Points. DDPTYPE cng c t Point hot ng trong Points tool box . DDRENAME hu ht cc cng c (Settings menu/Cells, Settings menu/Level Names, v.v.) c kh nng thay i tn tng ng DDRMODES Settings menu/Locks > Full hoc Workspace menu/Preferences... DDSELECT xemSelecting Elements DDUCS Settings menu/Auxiliary Coordinates DDUSCP Settings menu/Auxiliary Coordinates DDVIEW Utilities menu/Saved Views DDVPOINT Rotate View view control DIM hp cng c kch thc DIST cng c o khong cch trong Measure tool box DIVIDE Points tool box ATTEDIT ATTEXT AUDIT
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DONUT DRAG DTEXT DVIEW DXBIN DXFIN DXFOUT EDGESURF EDIT ELEV ELLIPSE END ERASE EXPLODE EXTEND EXTRUDE FILES FILL FILLET FILTER GRID GRIPS HANDLES HATCH HELP HIDE ID IGESIN IGESOUT INSERT ISOPLANE LAYER LIMITS LINE LINETYPE LIST LOAD MANUALS MEASURE MENU MINSERT MIRROR MIRROR3D MOVE MSLIDE MSPACE MULTIPLE
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cng c t hnh xuyn trong 3D Primitives tool box User menu/Preferences... (Input Category) cng c t Text v Text Node 3D View Control tool box /Camera Settings khng c cng c tng ng File menu/Import > DWG or DXF... File menu/Import > DWG or DXF... Xy dng b mt bng cng c Edges trong hp cng c 3D ca hp cng c Surfaces xem Selecting Elements thip t iu khin xem su trong hp cng c 3D View Control cng c t Ellipse trong Ellipses tool box File menu/Exit cng c xa i tng trong Main tool box . cng c Drop i tng trong Groups tool box. cng c ko di Line , cng c m rng hai i tng n im giao v cng c khc trong Modify tool box cng c t sn trong 3D Primitives tool box File menu/Open... Thit t t y trong View Attributes settings box -- Settings menu/ View Attributes cng c t SmartLine v cng c Fillets Edit menu/Select By Attributes kiu li trong hp thoi Design File Settings (Settings menu/Design File) tng t nh handles (xem Selecting Elements) khng c cng c tng ng cng c Hatch Area hoc Crosshatch Area trong Patterning tool box Help Menu View menu/Render > Wiremesh khng c lnh tng ng (xem Using Tentative Points) File menu/Import > IGES... File menu/Import > IGES... cng c t Cell mt phng Isometric trong mc Isometric ca hp Locks settings (Settings menu/Locks > Dialog) View menu/Level > Display thit k mt phng hoc khng gian cng c t Line Line Style > Custom trong thanh cng c Primary Element menu/Information Utilities menu/Install Fonts... Help Menu khng c cng c tng ng phm trong ATTACH MENU (AM=) cng c t ma trn Cell (CEL Matrix ) trong Cells tool box cng c Mirror trong Manipulate tool box cng c Move hoc Move Parallel trong Manipulate tool box Utilities menu/Image > Save... khng c cng c tng ng Cng c vn hot ng cho n khi thit lp li hoc cng c khc 58

kch hot MVIEW Window menu/Open/Close > Dialog NEW File menu/New... OFFSET cng c Move Parallel trong Manipulate tool box v cng c Offset Element trong Curves tool box OPEN File menu/Open... ORTHO Settings menu/Locks > Full OSNAP Snaps menu, s dng kt hp vi cng c chn PAN phm <Shift> v nhn nt Data (xem Dynamic panning) Hoc s dng iu khin Pan View trong view control bar. PCXIN File menu/Import > Image... PEDIT cng c thay i thuc tnh i tng trong Change Attributes tool box. Cng c chn , xa inh trong Modify tool box. Cng c to chui phc tp trong Groups tool box. PFACE cng c trong 3D tool PLAN iu khin Rotate View trong view control bar PLINE cng c t SmartLine trong Linear Elements tool box POLYLINE PLOT File menu/Print/Plot POINT cng c t Point trong Points tool box POLYGON cng c t Polygon trong Polygons tool box POPUPS Hp thoi l mt phn c bn ca MicroStation PSPACE File menu/Drawing Composition PURGE File menu/Compress Design (conceptual difference) QSAVE See SAVE QTEXT Fast Font trong hp View Attributes settings -- Settings menu/ QTEXTMODE xem thuc tnh RECOVER MicroStation n lc sa cha cc tp tin b hng khi chng c m REDO Edit menu/Redo REDRAW iu khin Update View REGEN khng c lnh tng ng RENAME xem DDRENAME RESUME khng c cng c tng ng REVSURF cng c xy dng b mt Surface hoc Solid trong 3D tool ROTATE, ROTATE3D cng c Rotate trong Main tool RULESURF cng c trong 3D tool SAVE thay i hoc lu design file SAVEAS File menu/Save As... SCALE Scale tool trong Manipulate tool SELECT cng c chn i tng SETVAR Workspace menu/Configuration... Workspace menu/Preferences... Settings menu/Locks > Full Settings menu/View Attributes SHADE xem phn Rendering Methods SHAPE xem phn To add a ".shx" shape file(s) to a MicroStation font library: SHELL Key in ! SKETCH cng c t Stream Line String trong Main tool hoc t Point, cng c Stream Curve trong Linear Elements tool SNAP Settings menu/Locks > Full Grid category trong hp Design File Settings (Settings menu/Design File)
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cng c t Shape hoc Orthogonal Shape trong Main tool khng c cng c tng ng khng c cng c tng ng cng c thao tc ni dung fence trong hp cng c Fence, vi thit lp hot ng Stretch STYLE Font trong hp thoi Text settings (Element menu/Text) SURFU,SURFV cng c trong 3D tool TABLET Settings menu/Digitizing TABSURF cng c trong 3D tool TEXT Element menu/Text, cng c Text TEXTSCR giao din ha ngi dng thng c kch hot trong MicroStation 3DFACE cng c t Shape Polygon trong Polygons tool 3DMESH cng c t b mt trong 3D tool 3DPOLY cng c t Stream Line String trong hp cng c Main hoc cng c t point hoc Stream Curve trong hp cng c Linear Elements TIFFIN File menu/Import > Image... TIME khng c cng c tng ng TRACE lm y multi-lines TRIM cng c ct i tng trong Main tool UCS Utilities menu/Auxiliary Coordinates UNDO Edit menu/Undo (action) UNITS Settings menu/Working Units VIEW Utilities menu/Saved Views VIEWPORTS Window menu/Open/Close > Dialog. VPORTS same time. VPLAYER Settings menu/Level > Display VPOINT iu khin Rotate View trong control bar VSLIDE Utilities menu/Image > Movies WBLOCK FENCE FILE key-in XREF File menu/Reference ZOOM Fit View view control trong view control bar Zoom In view control trong view control bar Zoom Out view control trong view control bar Window Area view control trong view control bar SOLID SORTENTS STATUS STRETCH Tm hiu v ngn ng ca chng Mt trong nhng ro cn u tin cho ngi s dng MicroStation v AutoCAD l ro cn ngn ng. Bng di y cho thy mt s thut ng c th dn n v s hiu lm v c hai pha. Do vy cn phi hc gim thiu nhng hiu lm v n gin ha ton b qu trnh MicroStation AutoCAD Elements Levels Attributes Cells Active Design File Reference Files Seed File Drop
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Objects hoc Entities Layers Properties Blocks hoc WBlocks Drawing File hoc Drawing Database Xrefs hoc Reference Files Prototype hoc Template File Explode 60

Active Tags Fit Window Area Fence Pattern Solid Fill Selection Handles Fence hoc Selection INSIDE Hoc Polygon Selection (SE/J PowerSelector) Line Selection (SE/J PowerSelector) Fence or Selection OVERLAP Hoc Polygon Selection (SE/J PowerSelector) Fence hoc Selection CLIP VOID VOID OVERLAP VOID CLIP BYLEVEL or BYCELL DEFAULT level ModelSpace/PaperSpace Layout

Current Attributes Zoom Extents Zoom Window N/A ph hp vi chn Window/Crossing Hatch 2D Solid hoc Solid Hatch Grips Ca s chn Fence chn Selection Crossing

N/A EXCLUDE Window (ch Express Tools) EXCLUDE Crossing (ch Express Tools) N/A BYLAYER hoc BYBLOCK LEVEL 0 (zero) Models Sheet

Lm th no So snh DWG v DGN? Bng ny trnh by cc phn t tng ng trong MicroStation v AutoCAD MicroStation - DGN AutoCAD - DWG Line Line Line (Zero Length) (DL=0), Point Point Open Smartline Polyline hoc LWPolyline Line String Closed Smartline - Shape / Complex Chain Polyline hoc LWPolyline1 Text Text Text Nodes MText Enter Data Fields N/A (tng t Attributes) Shape (< 4 vertices) Polyline, Face, Polyline Mesh, Solid Shape (> 4 vertices) Polyline, Polyline Mesh Shape / Hatch Polyline / Lines, Hatch Shape / Xhatch Polyline / Lines, Hatch Shape / Pattern Polyline / Hatch
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Shape / Opaque Fill Cell Shared Cell Cell Library Circle Ellipse Arc Curve Curve Stream Dimension Ellipse Multi-line Tag Ellipse Reference File (design file) Self-Referenced File Reference File (sheet file) B-Spline N/A N/A

Polyline / Solid Fill Hatch Block hoc WBlock Block hoc WBlock N/A hoc DesignCenter - Single block stored per file Circle Ellipse ( > R13), Polyline (< R13) Arc Spline Spline Dimension Ellipse ( > R13), Polyline (< R13) Polyline(s) hoc Multi-line Attribute hoc Text Ellipse ( > R13), Polyline (< R13) Xref N/A Viewport Spline Fields Tables

Hp cng c v thanh cng c C th ni l chng ging nhau tuy khng hon ton MICROSTATION: Hp cng c Draw v Modify

AUTOCAD: Thanh cng c Draw v Modify

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Giao din ngi dng mi Hai nhm lnh MICROSTATION: Trong MicroStation, khng phi tt c cc lnh l nh nhau. V c bn c hai loi lnh: PRIMARY v VIEW. Lnh PRIMARY bao gm nhng lnh v, chnh sa v "thao tc d liu" . Lnh VIEW bao gm phng to, xoay v di chuyn. V c bn, cc lnh VIEW l transparently, ngha l s chy trong cc lnh PRIMARY m khng cn dng lnh PRIMARY. Mt khi cc lnh VIEW hon tt, lnh PRIMARY s tip tc AUTOCAD: Trong AutoCAD, c,mt s lnh c th chy " transparently", nhng rt t Cc chc nng ca cc lnh thao tc view l tng t. S khc bit tp trung ch yu l "c bao nhiu khung nhn" bn nhn c v bao nhiu nhp chut n cn thc hin. MICROSTATION: MicroStation s thu phng bi nhp chut tri AUTOCAD: ZOOM khng lm vic nh nhau trong AutoCAD. Trc tin, cc ZOOM IN v ZOOM OUT lun zoom v trung tm ca khung nhn, bn khng th nhp chut tri v v zoom v mt im c th. Lu : Bn c th lm cho AutoCAD ZOOM ging nh mt MicroStation. Sa i cc nt trong AutoCAD chy cc lnh sau y ZOOM CENTER .5 : zoom 0,5 x khi nhp chut tri

Zoom t do C hai u cung cp mt s ty chn zoom t do MICROSTATION: pan t do c th c thc hin bng cch s dng hai phng php: - s dng t hp <SHIFT> + gi chut tri v ko . -S dng <CTRL> + ln bnh xe chut. Vo Workspace > Preferences> Mouse sa i bt k cc mc nh chc nng "bnh xe". Lin tc lnh v nhp phi Lin tc lnh lm cho MicroStation nh cu lnh cui cng V d, nu bn chn lnh PLACE LINE th n lun kch hot cho n khi bn chn lnh khc. AutoCAD khng h tr "ko di" lnh. iu ny c th l mt trong nhng s khc bit kh chu nht khi chuyn i qua li gia hai ng dng. Trong MICROSTATION, lin tc lnh l mc nh. Nu bn thc s mun, bn c th tt chc nng ny bng cch: Bc 1: chn Workspaces \ Preferences Bc 2: chn LOOK and FEEL v nh v thit lp cho Single Click Bc 3: Sa i ty chn Single-Click ti Single-Shot

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UNDO khng ging nhau MICROSTATION: lnh UNDO trong MicroStation s ch UNDO cc lnh PRIMARY. UNDO mt lnh VIEW bn cn phi s dng lnh VIEW UNDO nm scroll bar pha di mn hnh. AUTOCAD: UNDO trong AutoCAD nhn ra tt c cc lnh, bao gm c UNDO, ZOOM, PAN, vv REDO khng ging nhau MICROSTATION: Lnh REDO trong MicroStation s REDO nhiu ln nu mun AUTOCAD: Release <2004: Lnh REDO trong AutoCAD s ch Lm li cc UNDO cui cng. Release 2004 - 2005 : Cc phin bn mi nht ca AutoCAD by gi h tr khng gii hn KEYIN v COMMAND LINE C hai ng dng cho php i vi hu ht cc lnh vi key vo bi ngi s dng MICROSTATION: MicroStation c nhng n lc ng kinh ngc trong vic cho php ngi dng la chn phng php u vo; keyins, cc nt, pulldowns,

AUTOCAD: AutoCAD vn da kh nhiu vo dng lnh .

DL= v @X,Y Phn ny bao gm cc keyin tng ng vi cc lnh trc c s dng trong c hai MicroStation v AutoCAD. Mt khc bit ng k xy ra y do cc n v lm vic so vi cc n v tp tin MICROSTATION: Khi nhp gi tr "1" n v chiu di trong MicroStation, m thc s l 1 MASTER UNIT. "1" n v cho mt k s dn dng trong AutoCAD c th l 1 foot, trong khi "1" n v cho mt k s c kh trong AutoCAD c th l 1 inch, v cc tp tin c thit lp hu nh ging nhau. Bn cn phi bit iu ny t ngi s dng AutoCAD. Tuy nhin, trong MicroStation "1" n v thng 1 ft ... v ":1" n v l 1 in. y l nguyn nhn ph bin nht cho cc li "h s 12" nhn c khi s dng cc tp tin thay th ng dng. Ta tuyt i: XY = X, Y Gia s khong cch : DL=X,Y Khong cch v hng: DI=khong cch,hng Lu : Bn c th s dng , thay cho : tng tc nhp chnh xc. AUTOCAD: cc keyins cng tng t, nhng khc nhau v c php
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Ta tuyt i: Ta tng i: Ta cc:

X,Y @X,Y @length<angle

ACCUDRAW v hng khong cch MICROSTATION: AccuDraw cho php ngi dng v cc yu t chnh xc m khng c tt c cc keyins khng cn thit. y l mt trong nhng kha cnh mnh m nht ca MicroStation

Mt s phm tt AccuDraw cho ngi dng AutoCAD: - O - nh ngha mt gc "tm thi" tng t nh mt OSNAP trong AutoCAD - V, T - quay compass tr li nh hng VIEW hoc TOP AUTOCAD: Khong cch trc tip cho php ngi dng AutoCAD v cc i tng chnh xc m khng cn phi s dng nhng keyins @. Cng c ny thng c s dng vi Ortho ON. Ortho ON tng ng vi MicroStation thit lp AXIS LOCK n 90.

Khong cch trc tip c a n mt cp mi trong 200x vi s b sung ca POLAR TRACKING v OBJECT TRACKING. y l cch lm vic ca OBJECT TRACKING

y l cch lm vic ca POLAR TRACKING

Phm tt v lnh tt C hai ng dng cung cp cho bn keyins "tt", hay lnh "b danh" cho thao tc nhanh hn MICROSTATION: Hu ht cc lnh MicroStation l 3 k t c th v vy ch cn keyin trong 3 ch ci u tin ca lnh v bn c th b qua phn cn li. AUTOCAD: Tng t nh vy, bn c th thc hin trong AutoCAD. AutoCAD cung cp mt tp tin ACAD.PGP trong lit k tt c cc lnh tt cho AutoCAD. Nu bn l mt ngi s dng MicroStation, ch cn chnh sa tp tin ny khi cn thit. R, *Redraw Ra, *Redrawall
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Re, Rea, Rec, Reg,

*Regen *Regenall *Rectangle *Region

Lu : C mt giao din hp thoi c sn n gin ha vic chnh sa tp tin ny. Tin ch ny c sn vi EXPRESS TOOLS. S dng ACAD.PGP MICROSTATION: Bn c th s dng tp tin ACAD.PGP ca bn trong MicroStation bng cch thit lp cc bin cu hnh sau y. MS_DWG_PGPFILE=c:\Program Files\AutoCAD 2002\support\acad.pgp Cc bin cu hnh tip theo m bn c th mun thay i l thit t " tin t lnh " s dng keyins t tp tin ACAD.PGP. Mc nh l thit lp "\". MS_DWG_COMMANDPREFIX=\ V d: Bn mun keyin E xa? Ch cn keyin \ E v ELEMENT DELETE c thc thi Thc hnh s dng SHORTCUT ALIAS trong MicroStation Thc hnh ny s gip bn thit lp MicroStation s dng lnh AutoCAD bn bit. Bc 1: M file .DGN Bc 2: Chn Workspace > Configuration Bc 3: Chn DWG/DXF v bt sng mc PGP Command Alias File

Bc 4: thay i ci t ny chn nt SELECT v iu hng n tp tin ACAD.PGP. Thc hin thay i Bc 5: Pick OK v YES lu thay i Lu : ng qun rng bn cng c th s dng tin t DWG
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VIEW v VIEWPORT MICROSTATION: Cho php nhiu ca s v mn hnh kp.. MicroStation thm ch lm vic vi hai ca s ng dng trn mt h thng mn hnh n, y l cch tuyt vi c c tt c cc hp thoi trong khu vc bn v ca bn!

Mt tnh nng khc l nhiu ca s c sn trong MicroStation

AUTOCAD: Bn c th c nhiu viewports trong AutoCAD, nhng trng tm l ch c cho php trong "1" khung nhn ti mt thi im. Hu ht ngi dng AutoCAD khng s dng nhiu viewports trong modelspace. Tuy nhin, c mt s sp xp khung nhn c xc nh trc, bn c th la chn.

SEED File v TEMPLATE/PROTOTYPE C hai h thng s dng cc tp tin "c s" to ra cc tp tin mi. MICROSTATION: cc SEED file lu tr cc ci t mong mun cho cc design files "tng lai". SEED file c phn m rng DGN. AUTOCAD: cc tp tin TEMPLATE hoc PROTOTYPE lu tr cc ci t cho cc tp tin thit k "tng lai". tp tin TEMPLATES c phn m rng DWT, PROTOTYPES c phn m rng DWG. TENTATIVE SNAP v OBJECT SNAP t c chnh xc yu cu ngi dng "chp" cc yu t trong khi v. MICROSTATION: MicroStation c hai phng php snap n cc yu t Th nht, TENTATIVE SNAP s dng mt s kt hp ca cc nt chut lm ni bt v bt dnh ti cc yu t. Cc snap mnh c sn trong MicroStation: Keypoint (multiple keypointstng ng ACAD center;endpoint;midpoint;and quadrant) Perpendicular FROM Tangent FROM Bisector Through Point (tng t nh OBJECT TRACKING trong 2000)
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Point On (tng t nh OBJECT TRACKING in 2000) Th hai, cc ACCUSNAP mi lm vic rt ging vi nhng g ngi dng AutoCAD s dng. Cng c ny s hin th SNAP ICON i din cho cc thit lp snap hot ng. Bn c mt s thit t ACCUSNAP cho php bn "tinh chnh" cch lm vic cng c ny nh th no. N cng hin th thm thng tin v phn t, bao gm cc kiu [level]

AUTOCAD: Snaps i tng ca AutoCAD l cch "chp" cc i tng. AutoCAD cho php bn nhiu thit t snap i tng. Cc lnh VIEW v lnh TRANSPARENT MICROSTATION: Khi chy mt lnh chnh (lnh v hoc thao tc). MicroStation cho php bn s dng lnh ph hoc lnh VIEW (xem hoc phng to) m khng cn dng lnh chnh AUTOCAD: Khi chy bt k lnh AutoCAD, khng c s phn bit lnh "chnh" hoc "ph". Tuy nhin, AutoCAD khng cho php bn chy mt s lnh trong ch " TRANSPARENT ". iu ny cho php ngi s dng AutoCAD chy mt lnh ZOOM trong khi mt lnh LINE. thc hin bt k lnh no trong ch TRANSPARENT ch cn t mt du ' trc lnh. HANDLE v GRIP Hu ht ngi dng chn lnh trc, sau chn cc phn t hoc i tng m h mun thao tc. Tuy nhin, c hai ng dng cho php thc hin theo cch khc. MICROSTATION: S dng cc cng c SELECTION trong MicroStation ... Khuyn co nn s dng POWERSELECTOR trong SE/J/V8 ... Hu ht ngi dng AutoCAD s nh gi cao cng c ny v n thc hin mt s phng php la chn c s dng ti. Di y l mt s v d bn c th lm vi POWERSELECTOR

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AUTOCAD: S dng GRIPS trong AutoCAD rt n gin C s ca LEVEL v LAYER Mt trong nhng kha cnh c bn nht ca bt k gi phn mm CAD no l "lp" c s dng kim sot vic hin th ha. V8 "khng gii hn" s level. Cc phin bn c gii hn n 63 level cho mi tp tin. Level c th lm vic tng t nh AutoCAD 200x. Bn c th s dng hoc thit t BYLEVEL hoc BYCELL cho php d dng trao i d liu vi ngi dng AutoCAD. Tn level c th t 1-511 k t, v bn c th nhm mt s level li vi nhau. thay i level hot ng, s dng PRIMARY TOOL BOX, Hoc keyin: LV=# hoc LV=name qun l hu ht cc thuc tnh level, s dng hp thoi LEVEL MANAGER. Hoc keyin: OF=# hoc OF=name ON=# hoc ON=name

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AUTOCAD: S dng ti a 32.000 lp. Tn lp c th t 1-255 k t. Nhng lp ny thng c t tn, nhng bn c th s dng cc s, hu ht ngi dng s s dng tn Layer thay i lp hin thi s dng LAYER CONTROL trn thanh cng c Object Properties: hoc keyin LAYER OFF , LAYER ON AutoCAD cng bao gm mt "lp 0" trong file. Lp ny l cn thit v c s dng cho mc ch c bit, chng hn nh khi.

Mt lp "khc" c tm thy trong AutoCAD l lp DEFPOINTS. Lp ny l tng t nh "Construction Elements " trong MicroStation. Bt c iu g c tm thy trn lp DEFPOINTS trong AutoCAD s khng in bt k hin th trn mn hnh. Lp ny c to ra t ng khi t mt kch thc lin quan. (N l "im nh ngha " hoc "im snap" trn i tng) y l mt trong nhng vn quan trng nht v hu ht thng b hiu lm gia MicroStation v AutoCAD. Lp l cn thit trong c hai MicroStation v AutoCAD, nhng vic s dng cc lp trong AutoCAD l QUAN TRNG! AutoCAD da trn cu trc lp kim sot qun l d liu, kim sot bn v, v lc nt, mu, kiu ng. Ngi s dng AutoCAD phn bit cc c tnh khc nhau gia cc i tng da ch yu vo lp. Do , ngha v mc ch ca cc BYLAYER l thit lp cho mu v linetype.
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ENTER DATA FIELDS v ATTRIBUTE TAGS MICROSTATION: ENTER DATA FIELDS thng c s dng cho chnh sa vn bn trong cc cell. V d: th mt thit b, hoc s phng. Nhng cell ny c s thay i d liu vn bn mi khi chng c s dng.

AUTOCAD: Thuc tnh tng t nhp trng d liu trong MicroStation. Chng cho php ngi s dng AutoCAD chnh sa vn bn bn trong ca mt khi m khng cn phi bung khi.

Line WEIGHT v COLOR MICROSTATION: Line weight lun lun tn ti trong MicroStation l mt thuc tnh phn t. iu ny cho php bn xem lc nt trn mn hnh trong khi lm vic. Bn c th tt hin th Line weight bng cch s dng lnh VIEW ATTRIBUTES

LineWeights-OFF

LineWeights-ON

AUTOCAD: hin th lc nt khng c trong AutoCAD phin bn c (cho n 200x). c c line weight ngi s dng AutoCAD gn "mu sc" cho mt i tng da trn lp, v sau mu ch nh cho mt line weight c th trong qu trnh in. Hunh Vn Trc 71

Line Weights ON

Line Weights - OFF

Reference Files v Xrefs MICROSTATION: MicroStation h tr cc lnh tham chiu tp tin sau y. Cc mc in m l ch c trong MicroStation ATTACH DETACH RELOAD REF AGENT duy tr bn sao cc b ca cc tp tin tham chiu nh km t web EXCHANGE M file tham chiu bin tp MOVE SCALE ROTATE COPY ATTACHMENT copy file tham chiu MERGE TO MASTER hp nht cc tp tin tham chiu vo tp tin ang hot ng hoc tp tin chung MIRROR HORIZONTAL MIRROR VERTICAL CLIP BOUNDARY CLIP MASK n mt phn ca tp tin tham chiu CLIP MASK DELETE Loi b cc ranh gii ct t file tham chiu NEST DEPTH LOGICAL NAMES cung cp mt tn ngi dng thn thin cho cc cng c tp tin tham chiu khc HILITE MODE kim sot cch cc tp tin tham chiu c xc nh l trc quan trong khung nhn ha DISPLAY Kim sot vic hin th cc tp tin tham chiu LOCATE Kim sot vic tip cn cc thnh phn trong file tham chiu SNAP Kim sot snap cc yu t trong file tham chiu AUTOCAD: cc lnh sau h tr tp tin tham chiu . Cc mc in m l ch c trong AutoCAD
ATTACH DETACH RELOAD UNLOAD MOVE SCALE ROTATE MIRROR CLIP BIND CLIPFRAME XREF EDIT COPY NESTED OBJECTS TRIM TO XREF EXTEND TO XREF LIST XREF

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EDIT XREFS PATHS XREF MANAGER

Cell Libraries DesignCenter Vic lu tr cc biu tng tiu chun l rt quan trng cho c hai ng dng. MICROSTATION: cell library l phng php chnh lu tr cc biu tng trong MicroStation. Tuy nhin, vi V8, bn c th lu tr cc biu tng trong cc m hnh nh dng tp tin .CELL ging nh mt file DGN. Mt tnh nng mi l cho php ngi dng bin tp cell trong khi cc "th vin".

N trng ging nh cc tp tin nu bn nhn vo n t mt quan im mi. Bn c th chnh sa cc cell v cp nht t ng "th vin".

Bn cng c th s dng cng c MicroStation CELL SELECTOR l rt ging vi DESIGN CENTER Cc cng c CELL SELECTOR cho php bn to ra mt "bng cng c" t cc cell bn c th trc tip chn cc cell mt cch d dng. CELL SELECTOR cng cho php bn iu khin cc thit lp v tnh t ng trong t phn t Bi thc hnh s dng CELL SELECTOR Bc 1: M file .DGN Bc 2: Chn Utilities> Cell Selector Bc 3: Chn bt k cell no t hp thoi v t n trong design file

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Bc 4: T hp thoi CELL SELECTOR chn Edit> Button Size Bc 5: Sa i BUTTON SIZE v GAP SIZE Bc 6: Pick OK lu Bc 7: T hp thoi CELL SELECTOR chn Edit Defaults Bn c th sa i mt s thit lp y qun l v kim sot cc v tr cell

AUTOCAD: AutoCAD cng cung cp ba phng php chnh chn cc biu tng tiu chun: WBLOCKS Design Center Tool Palettes Trc tin, bn c th chn cc khi t file WBLOCK, ni mi khi c lu tr trong mt tp tin DWG ring bit hoc t tp tin DWG cha mt s khi bng cch s dng DESIGN CENTER Multiple SNAP v OSNAP MICROSTATION: MicroStation V8 2004 gii thiu kh nng snap tng t nh trong AutoCAD.

AUTOCAD: AutoCAD cung cp kh nng osnaps ng thi ti mt thi im nh hnh di y.

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DGN Compress v Purge MicroStation V8 2004 cung cp ty chn nn tp tin tng t nh lnh Purge trong AutoCAD.

Text Editor v MText Editor MICROSTATION: bin tp text trong V8 tng t nh cc Editor MText trong AutoCAD

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<Double-Click> Bn s c th <Double-Click> trn phn t vn bn chnh sa chng trong V8. ESC hy lnh MicroStation V8 2004 cung cp mt s thch cho ngi s dng l cho php ngi dng AutoCAD thit lp phm ESC hu b bt k lnh no trong MicroStation.

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Ph lc: DANH SCH CC LNH TT (accudraw Shortcuts) Phm tt ? A0 A2 A9 AA AC AE AL AN AR AS BB BD BI BL BU CC CF CH CI CL CN CO CP CT D1 D2 DA DB DC DD DE DI DL DM DN DO M t Hin th Shortcuts Gc hot ng 0 Gc bi 2 im Gc hot ng 90 Gc hot ng Arcs Canh bin Kha gc o gc Array T l hot ng Snap gia Xy dng s khc bit Xy dng Giao im Blocks Hp nht Center snap Vt gc Thay i phn t Circles Fence Clip Chui phn t Copy Copy song song Thay iText Ch m rng u tin Ch m rng th hai Thit t Dimension Style M rng c hai Bt tt m rng Lines Trng d liu Xa phn t Kch thc vn bn bn trong Kha khong cch Linear Dimension Khng ko di Lines Kch thc vn bn bn ngoi MicroStation Keyin AccuDraw Dialog Shortcuts AA=0 active angle pt2 AA=90 macro scalang place arc icon;dialog toolsettings aligne;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Lock Angle measure angle;dialog toolsettings array icon;dialog toolsettings macro scalang macro tweentwo tfboolean difference;dialog toolsettings tfboolean intersect;dialog toolsettings place block icon;dialog toolsettings tfboolean union;dialog toolsettings snap center chamfer icon;dialog toolsettings change icon;dialog toolsettings place circle icon;dialog toolsettings lock fence clip create chain icon;dialog toolsettings copy ext;dialog toolsettings move parallel icon;dialog toolsettings modify text;dialog toolsettings dimension extension left on;dimension extension right off dimension extension left off;dimension extension right on macro setdim dimension extension left on;dimension extension right on change dimension extension edit single dialog delete mdl load calculat;calc tcb>ad4.ext_dimflg.arrowOut=2 AccuDraw Lock Distance dimension size arrow dimension extension left off;dimension extension right off mdl load calculat;calc tcb>ad4.ext_dimflg.arrowOut=3 77

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DS DV E2 ED EK Enter ET EU EX FA FD FE FI FM FR FT G HA II IN IS IV K LD LI LL LF LN LO LP LV MA ME MH MI MM MO MR MT MV MX NN O PD PL PO

Dimension Scale Xa inh Ko di 2 Lines Edit Text Nhp Line m rng Kha thng minh Ko di Lines ti giao im To im nh b mt Ko di khong cch Line Ko gin b mt Xa Fence t Fence Bo gc Chnh sa fence Chuyn ln pha trc Fence Tools Tool Settings Window Hatching Intersect Snap Fence Inside C lp level Chn nh Nhp im (Single) Ch gii Lines RPP Levels Tt tt c Levels Bt tt c Levels Line Offset Tt Level bng cch pick Level Manager Thit lp s ph hp Match Elements Mirror Horizontal Mirror Modify Move o bn knh Multi Trim Mirror Vertical o din tch Snap gn Thit t im gc Xa mt phn Quick Plots Polygons

macro dimscale delete vertex;dialog toolsettings extend line 2 edit extend line key;dialog toolsetting AccuDraw Lock Smart extend line inter construct surface projection extend line dis stetch face;dialog toolsettings fence delete place fence icon;dialog toolsettings fillet icon;dialog toolsettings modify fence icon;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Rotate Front Toggle fence icon;dialog toolsettings dialog toolsettings macro qpattern Snap Intersect lock fence in mdl silentload lvlmangr;lvlmangr offexceptelem insert vertex;dialog toolsettings point keyin single LV=26;LC=0;WT=1;CO=4;place note place line con;dialog toolsettings macro levels of=1-63 on=1-63 construct curve offset;dialog toolsettings mdl silentload lvlmangr;lvlmangr offbyelem mdl load lvlmangr macro match match element;dialog toolsettings accudraw rotate x;accudraw rotate x mirror icon;dialog toolsettings modify;dialog toolsettings move ext;dialog toolsettings measure radius;dialog toolsettings trim multi;dialog toolsettings accudraw rotate y;accudraw rotate y measure area;dialog toolsettings Snap Nearest AccuDraw SetOrigin delete par macro qplot place polygon;dialog toolsettings 78

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PP QQ RA RE RF RO RQ RV RX RY RZ SB SC SD SE SG SH SI SL SM SP Space SQ SR SS ST SV SW SZ TC TD TE TG TI TM TO TP TR TS TT TX TY V9 VL VS VV

ClipBoard Quit AccuDraw Rotate ACS Xoay phn t Tham chiu Files Xoay phn t Xoay nhanh Quay khung nhn phn t Quay theo trc X Quay theo trc Y Quay theo trc Z Steel Beams Co gin phn t Snap Divisor (chia) t ng Dm thp Shapes Side Rotation Slice Solid SmartLines X g thp Change Mode Steel HHS Li thp Ct thp Stretch Steel VertBracing Steel Windcolumns Steel HorizBracings TF Copy TF Delete TF Move Opening Bin tp Tags TF Mirror TF Move Top Rotation TpModes Trim Text Sizes TF Rotate tText TF Copy Opening Xoay khung nhn 90 Chng fence Thit t khung nhn Xoay khung nhn

clipboard paste;dialog toolsettings Accudraw Quit AccuDraw Rotate ACS accudraw rotate element mdl keyin ref dialog reference rotate icon;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Rotate Quick rotate view element AccuDraw Rotate X AccuDraw Rotate Y AccuDraw Rotate Z stfplace form beams;dialog toolsettings scale icon;dialog toolsettings accudraw dialog snapdiv stfplace form tubulars;dialog toolsettings stfplace form girders;dialog toolsettings place shape icon;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Rotate Side Toggle construct cut;dialog toolsettings place smartline icon;dialog toolsettings stfplace form purlins;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Mode stfplace form rhs;dialog toolsettings stfplace form girts;dialog toolsettings stfplace form columns;dialog toolsettings macro qstretch stfplace form vertbracing;dialog toolsettings stfplace form windcolumns;dialog toolsettings stfplace form horbracing;dialog toolsettings tfcopy form;dialog toolsettings tfdelete icon;dialog toolsettings tfmove opening edit tags;dialog toolsettings tfmirror form;dialog toolsettings tfmove form;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Rotate Top Toggle macro tpmode trim macro settext tfrotate form;dialog toolsettings place dialogtext tfcopy opening rv=-90 lock fence over vset view accudraw rotate view 79

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X DP Y ZZ

Lock X Drop Elements Lock Y La chn

AccuDraw Lock X drop element;dialog toolsettings AccuDraw Lock Y powersel;powersel single;dialog toolsettings

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MC LC: PHN 1: CN BN V MICROSTATION V8 ..................................................................................2 Xem xt mi trng lm vic ca MicroStation ..................................................................................2 Cc chc nng ca chut trong MicroStation ......................................................................................5 Gn chc nng Tentative Snap cho phm chut gia ..........................................................................5 V v s dng Fence hnh trn to hnh trch .................................................................................6 S dng Fence co gin v sao chp cc phn t ..............................................................................7 S dng mt Fence block hiu chnh cc phn t...........................................................................8 Tnh nng Level ca MicroStation ......................................................................................................12 Active Level - Lp hin hnh ...............................................................................................................13 S dng Level ........................................................................................................................................14 Thuc tnh ca phn t ........................................................................................................................15 Hp cng c Attributes .........................................................................................................................16 Color mu sc .....................................................................................................................................16 Line Style (dng ng) .......................................................................................................................17 Line Weight B dy ng ................................................................................................................17 Fill T y ...........................................................................................................................................18 Cng c Change Element Attributes (Thay i thuc tnh phn t) ...............................................18 Cng c o khong cch Measure Distance .......................................................................................19 Cng c Measure Area (o din tch)..................................................................................................19 Cng c Measure Length .....................................................................................................................20 Kim tra Message Center (phn hin th thng bo) .........................................................................20 Copy (sao chp) .....................................................................................................................................21 Move (dch chuyn) ...............................................................................................................................21 Mirror (soi gng-ly i xng) ..........................................................................................................21 Align Elements By Edge (sp sp phn t theo cnh) .......................................................................22 Rotate (Xoay phn t) ..........................................................................................................................22 Scale Element (co gin phn t) ..........................................................................................................23 Dch chuyn song song ..........................................................................................................................23 Construct Array - To mu sp xp ....................................................................................................24 Nhm cng c v i tng tuyn tnh ...............................................................................................25 Nhm cng c v i tng polygon ..................................................................................................26 Nhm cng c v cung trn ..................................................................................................................28 GII THU ACCUSNAP ..................................................................................................................29 Truy cp ch bt im Snap Mode.................................................................................................29 Thit lp cho AccuSnap ........................................................................................................................32 Elements - Phn thit lp cho phn t. ...............................................................................................33 Kch hot AccuDraw .............................................................................................................................33 La bn ca AccuDraw. .........................................................................................................................34 Input Focus tiu im nhp liu. ......................................................................................................34 AccuDraw Indexing Tham chiu AccuDraw ...................................................................................34 AccuDraw lm vic vi cng c ca bn.............................................................................................35 Tt tnh nng AccuDraw ......................................................................................................................35 A. Phng php v ta vung gc ..................................................................................................35 B. Ch v Polar (ta cc)............................................................................................................37 Cc phm ph bin ................................................................................................................................39 Cc phm c bit ..................................................................................................................................39 XYZ ........................................................................................................................................................39 Khong cch/gc ...................................................................................................................................39 Snaps (bt im) ....................................................................................................................................39
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Cc phm thng gp ...........................................................................................................................40 Cc phm khc .......................................................................................................................................40 Khung nhn ............................................................................................................................................40 Nhng lnh t gp ..................................................................................................................................40 Operators (Tc v chnh) .....................................................................................................................40 Gi ca s AccuDraw Settings:............................................................................................................41 Thay i View Attributes (thuc tnh khung nhn) ...........................................................................42 Cc phm tt gi View Atributes ....................................................................................................43 Pop Set v ca s Tool Settings............................................................................................................44 PHN 2: GII THIU TT C CC MENU V CC CNG C ..............................................45 PHN 3: MICROSTATION VI NGI S DNG AUTOCAD ................................................53 QUAN H GIA AUTOCAD V MICROSTATION .....................................................................53 Hp thoi phng thc v khng phng thc:................................................................................54 Thit lp hot ng trong MicroStation: ............................................................................................54 CC MC MICROSTATION TNG NG VI AUTOCAD : ............................................54 TNG QUAN MICROSTATION VI LNH AUTOCAD..........................................................55 Alias Manager (SE):..............................................................................................................................55 AccuDraw Keyboard Shortcuts:..........................................................................................................55 S dng Alias Manager (SE): ..............................................................................................................56 Lnh AutoCAD tng ng vi cng c MicroStation:......................................................................56 Tm hiu v ngn ng ca chng .....................................................................................................60 Lm th no So snh DWG v DGN? ...........................................................................................61 Hp cng c v thanh cng c .............................................................................................................62 Giao din ngi dng mi ....................................................................................................................63 Zoom t do .............................................................................................................................................63 Lin tc lnh v nhp phi ...................................................................................................................63 UNDO khng ging nhau .....................................................................................................................64 REDO khng ging nhau .....................................................................................................................64 KEYIN v COMMAND LINE.............................................................................................................64 DL= v @X,Y ........................................................................................................................................64 ACCUDRAW v hng khong cch .................................................................................................65 Phm tt v lnh tt ...............................................................................................................................65 S dng ACAD.PGP .............................................................................................................................66 VIEW v VIEWPORT .........................................................................................................................67 SEED File v TEMPLATE/PROTOTYPE ........................................................................................67 TENTATIVE SNAP v OBJECT SNAP ...........................................................................................67 Cc lnh VIEW v lnh TRANSPARENT .........................................................................................68 HANDLE v GRIP................................................................................................................................68 C s ca LEVEL v LAYER .............................................................................................................69 ENTER DATA FIELDS v ATTRIBUTE TAGS..............................................................................71 Line WEIGHT v COLOR ..................................................................................................................71 Reference Files v Xrefs .......................................................................................................................72 Cell Libraries DesignCenter .............................................................................................................73 Multiple SNAP v OSNAP ...................................................................................................................74 DGN Compress v Purge .....................................................................................................................75 Text Editor v MText Editor ...............................................................................................................75 <Double-Click> .....................................................................................................................................76 ESC hy lnh ....................................................................................................................................76

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