TRNG I HC VINH

THI KHO ST CHT LNG LP 12, LN I NM 2012

TRNG THPH CHUYN

MN: HO HC
(Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht; 50 cu trc nghim)

H v tn th sinh:............................................................S bo danh:.................

M thi 132

Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t : H = 1; Li =7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na =
23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; Cs = 133; Rb = 85; Cr = 52; Mn = 55; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56;
Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Ba = 137.
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu: T cu 01 n cu 40)
Cu 1: Oxi ha mt lng ancol etylic thu c 8,68 gam hn hp X gm CH3CHO, CH3COOH, C2H5OH
v H2O. Chia hn hp X thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tham gia phn ng trng bc thu c ti a 10,8
gam Ag. Phn 2 tc dng va vi Na thu c m gam cht rn v c 0,896 lt kh H2 thot ra (ktc). Gi
tr ca m l
A. 5,36.

B. 3,9.

C. 7,1.

D. 3,41.

Li gii:
Xt trong 1 phn:
868
mX = 2 = 434 gam
1 108
mCH3CHO = 44. 2 108 = 22 gam mAncol, axit v nc = 4,34 2,2 = 2,14 gam
0896
nancol, axit v nc = 2.nH2 = 2. 224 = 008 mol
0,08 mol ancol, axit v nc phn ng vi Na to thnh cht rn c khi lng tng: 0,08.22 = 1,76 gam
mrn = 2,14 + 1,76 = 3,9 gam Chn B
Cu 2: Hn hp X gm C6H5OH, C6H5NH2. Ly m gam hn hp X tc dng va vi 200ml dung dch HCl
1M thu c hn hp Y. Cho hn hp Y tc dng ht vi 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M, ri c cn thy cn li
31,3 gam cht rn khan. Gi tr m l
A. 28.

B. 14.

C. 18,7.

D. 65,6.

Li gii:
Ta c nanilin = nHCl = 0,2 mol. Gi nphenol = x mol
Cht rn khan gm: C6H5ONa: x mol; NaCl: 0,2 mol v NaOH d: 0,5 0,2 x = 0,3 x mol
116x + 58,5.0,2 + 40(0,3 x) = 31,3 x = 0,1 mol
m = 94.0,1 + 93.0,2 = 28 gam Chn A
Cu 3: Hn hp X gm C3H4, C3H6, C3H8 c t khi so vi H2 l 21. t chy hon ton 1,12 lt hn hp X
(ktc), ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng nc vi trong d, lc b kt ta, khi lng dung
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dch thu c so vi khi lng nc vi trong ban u:

A. tng 9,3 gam. B. gim 5,7 gam.

C. gim 15 gam.

D. gim 11,4 gam.

Li gii:
112
Ta c mX= 21.2. 224 = 21 gam , nCO2 = nkt ta = 0,15 mol mCO2 = 44.0,15 = 6,6 gam v mkt ta = 15 gam.
mH = 2,1 12.0,15 = 0,3 gam mH2O = 2,7 gam mdung dch gim = 15 (6,6 + 2,7) = 5,7 gam Chn B
Cu 4: Ancol khi b oxi ha bi CuO, t nng to ra sn phm xeton l
A. ancol butylic. B. ancol tert-butylic. C. ancol iso butylic. D. ancol sec-butylic.
Li gii:
Ancol b oxi ha bi CuO to ra sn phm xeton ancol bc 2 ancol sec-butylic Chn D
Cu 5: Nung bt Al vi bt S trong bnh kn (khng c khng kh) thu c hn hp cht rn X. Cho hn
hp X vo dung dch HCl d, sau phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp kh Y v mt phn cht rn khng
tan. Khng nh khng ng l
A. Hn hp X c kh nng tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 c, nng, d.
B. Trong hn hp X c 3 cht ha hc.
C. Cho hn hp X vo H2O c kh thot ra.
D. Hn hp X c kh nng tan ht trong dung dch NaOH long, d.
Li gii:
Rn X gm: Al2S3, Ald v Sd. S khng tan trong dung dch NaOH long Chn D
Cu 6: Cho 100 ml dung dch FeCl2 1M vo 500 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M, sau phn ng hon ton khi
lng kt ta thu c l
A. 28,7 gam.

B. 10,8 gam.

C. 39,5 gam.

D. 71,75 gam.

Li gii :
Phn ng: Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
0,2 0,2

0,2

Fe2+ + Ag+ Fe3+ + Ag

0,1

0,3

0,1

mkt ta = 143,5.0,2 + 108.0,1 = 39,5 gam Chn C

Cu 7: Hp th ht V lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 300ml dung dch hn hp cha ng thi Ba(OH)2 1M v KOH
1M thu c 19,7 gam kt ta v dung dch X. Cho KOH d vo dung dch X li xut hin thm m gam kt
ta na. Gi tr ca V v m ln lt l
A. 17,92 v 39,4. B. 17,92 v 19,7.

C. 17,92 v 137,9.

D. 15,68 v 39,4.

Li gii :
Ta c nOH- = 0,9 mol, nkt ta = 0,1 mol, nBa2+ = 0,3 mol
CO2 + OH- HCO3Bi Xun Hng 0988.273.777

CO2 + 2OH- CO32 + H2O

Trang

0,7

0,7

0,7

0,1

0,2

0,1

Ba2+ + CO32 BaCO3

0,1

0,1

0,1

HCO3- CO32 + CO2 + H2O

Ba2+ + CO32 BaCO3

0,35

0,7

0,2

0,35

0,2

VCO2 = 0,8.22,4 = 17,92 lt v mkt ta = 197.0,2 = 39,4 gam Chn A

Cu 8: t chy hon ton 1 mol ancol X no, a chc, mch h c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)2 cn mt
lng va l 5,5 mol O2. S cng thc cu to tha mn iu kin ca X l :
A. 6.

B. 5.

C. 3.

D. 4.

Li gii:
Gi X : CnH2n + 2Ox
Phn ng: CnH2n + 2Ox +

3n + 1 x
O2 nCO2 + (n + 1)H2O
2

3n + 1 x
= 55 3n + 1 x = 11 3n x = 10 Chn n = 4 v x = 2 X: C4H10O2
2

X c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)2 X c 2 nhm OH k nhau c 3 CTCT tha mn Chn C

Cu 9: Hp cht hu c X ng vi cng thc phn t C3H10O2N2. Cho X vo dung dch NaOH un nng
thy to ra NH3. Mt khc khi X tc dng vi dung dch HCl to ra hn hp sn phm trong c mui
ca amino axit. S cng thc cu to tha mn vi iu kin ca X l
A. 3.

B. 4.

C. 1.

D. 2.

Li gii :
bt ha ca X =

2.3 + 2 + 2 10
= 0 X l mui amoni hoc ankyl amoni
2

X vo dung dch NaOH un nng thy to ra NH3 X l mui amoni RCOONH4

Khi X tc dng vi dung dch HCl to ra hn hp sn phm trong c mui ca amino axit
Cc CTCT tha mn ca X l : NH2 CH2 CH2 COONH4 v CH3 CH(NH2) COONH4 Chn D
Cu 10: Dung dch X cha ng thi cc ion Na + , C a 2 + , M g 2 + , Cl - , HC O 3 - v S O 4 2 , un nng dung
dch X ti phn ng hon ton thu c 3,68 gam kt ta, dung dch Y v 2,24 lt kh thot ra (ktc). em
c cn dung dch Y th thu c 13,88 gam cht rn khan. Tng khi lng mui c trong dung dch X ban
u l
A. 17,76 gam.

B. 35,76 gam.

C. 23,76 gam.

D. 22,84 gam.

Li gii:
Phn ng: 2HCO3- CO32 + CO2 + H2O
0,1
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0,1
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mmui = 3,68 + 13,88 + 44.0,1 + 18.0,1 = 23,76 gam Chn C

0,02 mol Cu(NO3)2 v 0,1 mol H2SO4. Khi lng Fe ti a c kh
Cu 11: Dung dch X cha ng thi
3
nng tc dng vi dung dch X l (bit sn phm kh ca NO l kh NO duy nht)
3

A. 4,48 gam.

B. 5,6 gam.

C. 3,36 gam.

D. 2,24 gam.

Li gii:
Bo ton e: 2nCu2+ + 3nNO3- = 2nFe nFe =

2.002 + 3.004
= 008 mol
2

Mt khc H+ d 0,04 mol Tng nFe = 0,08 + 0,02 = 0,1 mol mFe = 5,6 gam Chn B
Cu 12: Cho hn hp bt FeCO3 v CaCO3 vo dung dch HNO3 long, d, sau phn ng hon ton thu c
hn hp 2 kh c t khi so vi H2 l 20,6 (trong c mt kh ha nu trong khng kh). Phn trm s mol
ca FeCO3 trong hn hp ban u l
A. 75%.

B. 80%.

C. 50%.

D. 77,68%.

Li gii:
Phn ng: 3FeCO3 + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 3CO2 + 5H2O
3x

3x

CaCO3 + 2HNO3 Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O

y

x
28 1
3x
Bng phng php ng cho 3x + y = 112 = 4 x = y %nFeCO3 = 3x + y 100 = 75% Chn A
Cu 13: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H6O3. Khi un nng X vi dung dch NaOH d thu
c 2 sn phm hu c Y v Z trong Y ha tan c Cu(OH)2. Kt lun khng ng l
A. X l hp cht hu c a chc.

B. X c tham gia phn ng trng bc.

C. X tc dng c vi Na.

D. X tc dng c vi dung dch HCl.

Li gii:
bt bo ha ca X =

2.3 + 2 6
= 1 CTCT ph hp ca X: HCOOCH2 CH OH
2

X l hp cht hu c tp chc Chn A

Cu 14: Khng nh khng ng v cht bo l
A. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi axit bo.
B. un cht bo vi dung dch NaOH th thu c sn phm c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)2.
C. Cht bo v du m bi trn my c cng thnh phn nguyn t.
D. Cht bo nh hn nc.
Li gii:
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Cht bo l este ca glixerol v axit bo. Cn du m bi trn my l hirocacbon

khng nh C sai Chn C
Cu 15: Dy ha cht t nht cn dng tch ring tng kh ra khi hn hp gm CH4, C2H4, C2H2 l
A. dung dch AgNO3/NH3, dung dch KMnO4, dung dch HCl, Zn.
B. dung dch AgNO3/NH3, dung dch Br2, dung dch HCl, Zn.
C. dung dch NaOH, dung dch KMnO4, dung dch HCl, Zn.
D. dung dch KMnO4, dung dch HCl, Zn, dung dch Br2.
Li gii:

CH 4

Br2
C 2 H 4
CH 4 , C 2 H 4
CH 4
Zn

C 2 H 4 Br2
AgNO3 / NH 3

C 2 H 4
ZnBr2

C H

2 2
C 2 H 2
CAg CAg +
HCl

AgCl

Chn B

Cu 16: t chy hon ton 48 gam hn hp cc kim loi gm Mg, Al, Zn, Cu trong oxi d thu c 60,8
gam cht rn. Cng cho 48 gam hn hp cc kim loi ny vo dung dch H2SO4 c, ngui, d n khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton thu c 11,2 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Al
trong hn hp ban u l
A. 5,4%.

B. 11,25%.

C. 10,8%.

D. 18,75%.

Li gii:
Ta c 3.nAl = 4.
%mAl =

608 48
112

2.
32
224 = 06 mol nAl = 0,2 mol

27.02
48 100 = 1125% Chn B

Cu 17: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C3H5Br3. Khi un nng X vi dung dch NaOH d to
sn phm hu c c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. S cng thc cu to tha mn vi iu kin ca
X l
A. 1.

B. 3.

C. 4.

D. 2.

Li gii:
bt bo ha ca X =

2.3 + 2 5 3
= 0 X no, h
2

X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH to sn phm hu c c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc
CTCT ph hp ca X l: H2CCl CH2 HCCl2, H3C CHCl HCCl2, Chn D
Cu 18: C cc nguyn t ha hc Cr (Z = 24), Fe (Z = 26), P (Z = 15), Al (Z = 13). Nguyn t m
nguyn t ca n c s electron c thn ln nht trng thi c bn l
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A. Fe.

B. Al.

C. P.

D. Cr.

Li gii:
Nguyn t Cr c s electron ln nht (6e) Chn D
Cu 19: Hp cht hu c X a chc c cng thc phn t C9H14O6. Thc hin phn ng x phng ha hon
ton X sn phm thu c l hn hp 2 mui ca 2 axit hu c n chc (trong c 1 axit c mch cacbon
phn nhnh) v hp cht hu c a chc Y. em 13,08 gam X tham gia phn ng trng bc th khi lng
Ag ln nht thu c l
A. 12,96 gam.

B. 25,92 gam.

C. 27 gam.

D. 6,48 gam.

Li gii:
bt bo ha ca X =

2.9 + 2 14
= 3 CTCT ph hp ca X l: CH2 OCO CH(CH3) CH3
2
CH OCOH
CH2 OCOH

1308
nX = 218 = 006 mol mAg = 108.4.0,06 = 25,92 gam Chn B
Cu 20: in phn (in cc tr, mng ngn xp, hiu sut 100%) dung dch cha ng thi 0,3 mol CuSO4
v 0,1 mol NaCl, kim loi thot ra khi in phn bm hon ton vo catot. Khi catot khi lng tng ln
12,8 gam th anot c V lt kh thot ra (ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,8.

B. 2,24.

C. 4,48.

D. 5,6.

Li gii:
Ti Katot ( )

Ti Aatot ( + )

Cu2+ + 2e Cu

2Cl- Cl2 + 2e

0,2

0,1

0,4

0,2

0,05

0,1

H2O O2 + 4H+ + 4e
0,075

0,3

V = (0,05 + 0,075).22,4 = 2,8 lt Chn A

Cu 21: Dy hp cht ch c lin kt cng ha tr l

A. H2SO4, PCl3, SO2Cl2, OF2, N2O4.

B. K3PO4, NO2, SO3, NH4Cl, HNO3.

C. (NH4)2SO4, PCl3, SO2Cl2, NO2, SO3. D. SO2Cl2, OF2, N2O4, BaCl2, PCl3.
Li gii:
Loi B v c K3PO4, NH4Cl. Loi C v c (NH4)2SO4. Loi D v c BaCl2. Ch c A tha mn Chn A
Cu 22: Ha tan ht mt lng S v 0,01 mol Cu2S trong dung dch HNO3 c, nng, sau phn ng hon
ton dung dch thu c ch c 1 cht tan v sn phm kh l kh NO2 duy nht. Hp th ht lng NO2
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ny vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng th c m gam cht rn khan. Gi
tr ca m l
A. 18,4.

B. 12,64.

C. 13,92.

D. 15,2.

Li gii:
Cu : 0,02mol
Quy hn hp gm:
S : xmol
Bo ton in tch x = 0,02 mol
Bo ton electron nNO2 = 2nCu + 6nS = 0,16 mol
2NO2 + 2NaOH NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O
0,16

0,16

0,08

0,08

mrn = mNaNO3 + mNaNO2 + mNaOH d = 85.0,08 + 69.0,08 + 40(0,2 - 0,16) = 13,92 gam Chn C
Cu 23: Khi un nng stiren vi dung dch KMnO4 ri axit ha th thu c axit hu c X. Sc kh
etilen vo dung dch KMnO4 thu c ancol a chc Y. Thc hin phn ng este ha gia X v Y thu
c este Z khng c kh nng tc dng vi Na. Cng thc phn t ca Z l
A. C18H18O4.

B. C10H12O2.

C. C16H14O4.

D. C9H10O3.

Li gii:
X l C6H5 COOH, Y l: CH2 OH

Z l CH2 OCO C6H5

CH2 OH

CH2 OCO C6H5

(C16H14O4)

Chn C
Cu 24: Dy cc dung dch v cht lng u lm i mu qu tm tm nc ct l
A. Anilin, natri phenolat, axit fomic, axit glutamic, axit axetic.
B. Phenol, anilin, natri axetat, axit glutamic, axit axetic.
C. Etylamin, natri phenolat, phenylamoni clorua, axit glutamic, axit axetic.
D. Etylamin, natri phenolat, axit aminoaxetic, axit fomic, axit axetic.
Li gii:
Loi A, B v c anilin. Loi Loi D v c axit aminoaxetic. Ch c C tha mn Chn C
Cu 25: Dy cc cht ha hc u c tnh lng tnh l
A. CrO, CH3COOC2H5, Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3.
B. CH3COONH4, Al(OH)3, Sn(OH)2, (NH4)2CO3, NaHCO3.
C. Al(OH)3, CH3COONa, Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3.
D. ZnO, CH3COOC2H5, Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3.
Li gii:
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Loi A v c CrO. Loi C v c CH3COONa. Loi D v c CH3COOC2H5. Ch c B tha mn Chn B

Cu 26: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(1) Ni mt thanh Zn vi mt thanh Fe ri trong khng kh m.
(2) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch CuSO4.
(3) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch cha ng thi ZnSO4 v H2SO4 long.
(4) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long.
(5) Th mt vin Fe vo dung dch cha ng thi CuSO4 v H2SO4 long.
Trong cc th nghim trn nhng th nghim Fe b n mn in ha hc l
A. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5).

B. (1) v (3).

C. (2) v (5).

D. (3) v (5).

Li gii:
4: n mn ha hc Loi A.
3: Do st l kim loi yu hn Zn Fe ch tan trong H2SO4 St b n mn ha hc Loi B v D.
2 v 5: Fe mnh hn Cu Fe b n mn in ha hc Chn C
Cu 27: Cho 0,5 mol Mg v 0,2 mol Mg(NO3)2 vo bnh kn khng c oxi ri nung nhit cao n phn ng
hon ton thu c hn hp cht rn X. Hn hp cht rn X tc dng vi nhiu nht 500 ml dung dch Fe(NO3)3
c nng aM. Gi tr ca a l
A. 2.

B. 0,667.

C. 0,4.

D. 1,2.

Li gii:
Mg(NO3)2 MgO + 2NO2 + O2
0,2

0,1

2Mg + O2 2MgO
0,2

0,1

06
Bo ton e: 2nMg = nFe3+ = 0 6 a = 05 = 12 M Chn D
Cu 28: Trong s cc cht: H2S, KI, HBr, H3PO4, Ag, Cu, Mg. S cht c kh nng kh ha ion Fe3+ trong
dung dch v ion Fe2+ l:
A. 3.

B. 5.

C. 6.

D. 4.

Li gii:
Cc cht c kh nng kh ha ion Fe3+ trong dung dch v ion Fe2+ l: H2S, KI, Cu, Mg Chn D
Cu 29: Hn hp kh v hi X gm C2H4, CH3CHO, CH3COOH. Trn X vi V lt H2 (ktc), ri cho qua
Ni, t nng thu c hn hp Y (gm kh v hi). t chy hon ton Y thu c 0,15 mol CO2 v 0,2
mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l :
A. 4,48.

B. 2,24.

Bi Xun Hng 0988.273.777

C. 0,672.

D. 1,12.
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Li gii:
VH2 = 22,4(0,2 0,15) = 1,12 lt Chn D
Cu 30: Thy phn hon ton m gam xenluloz c cha 50% tp cht tr, ton b lng glucoz thu c
lm mt mu va 500 ml dung dch Br2 1M trong nc. Gi tr ca m l
A. 162.

B. 81.

C. 324.

D. 180.

Li gii:
nGlucoz = 0,5 mol mxenluloz = 162.0,5.2 = 162 gam Chn A
Cu 31: Cho cc cht sau y phn ng vi nhau :
(1) SO2 + H2S

(2) H2S + Br2

(3) H2S + Cl2

(4) H2S + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 (long)

+ H2O

(5) SO2 + Br2 + H2O

(6) H2S + O2 (thiu)

Nhng phn ng sinh ra n cht S l

A. (2), (3), (4), (5). B. (1), (2), (4), (6). C. (1), (3), (4), (6).

D. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6).

Li gii:
(1) SO2 + H2S S

(2) H2S + Br2 S

(3) H2S + Cl2

(4) H2S + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 (long) S

+ H2O H2SO4

(5) SO2 + Br2 + H2O H2SO4

(6) H2S + O2 (thiu) S

Chn B
Cu 32: Cho bt Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 thu c dung dch X v hn hp 2 kh N2 v N2O. Cho
dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch X th s phn ng nhiu nht c th xy ra l (khng k cc phn ng thy
phn ca cc ion)
A. 3.

B. 5.

C. 4.

D. 7.

Li gii:
Cc phn ng xy ra:
HNO3 + NaOH NaNO3 + H2O
NH4NO3 + NaOH NaNO3 + NH3 + H2O
Al(NO3)3 + 3NaOH Al(OH)3 + 3NaNO3
Al(OH)3 + NaOH NaAlO2 + H2O

Chn C

Cu 33: Kim loi c kh nng dn in tt nht v kim loi c cng cao nht ln lt l
A. Ag v W.

B. Al v Cu.

C. Cu v Cr.

D. Ag v Cr.

Li gii: Chn D
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Cu 34: Cho hp cht X vo nc thu c kh Y. t chy Y trong oxi d, nhit cao (nhit t
chy <1000oC) thu c sn phm l n cht Z. X v Y ln lt l
A. MgS v H2S.

B. Ca3P2 v PH3.

C. Li3N v NH3.

D. Ca2Si v SiH4.

Li gii:
X l Li3N. Y l NH3. Z l N2 Chn C
Cu 35: T tng hp khng th iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng l
A. t nilon - 6,6. B. t nitron.

C. t capron.

D. t lapsan.

Li gii:
T nilon 6,6):
nNH2[CH2]6NH2 + nHOOC[CH2]4COOH

xt, to, p

NH[CH2]6NHCO[CH2]4CO n + 2nH2O

T nitron (cn gi l t vinylic c nhiu nhm polivinyl hay olon)

T capron (nilon 6):

nH2N[CH2]5COOH
n

CH2

CH2

CH2

CH2

xt, to, p

CH2
C=O
NH

NH[CH2]5CO n + nH2O
xt, to, p

NH[CH2]5CO n

T dacron (lapsan):
nHOOC C6H4 COOH + nHO CH2 CH2
axit terephtalic
etylen glicol

OH

xt, to, p

CO C6H4 CO O CH2 CH2 O n + 2nH2O

poli(etylen terephtalat) (lapsan)

Chn B
Cu 36: Mt hp cht c cng thc CuCO3.Cu(OH)2. Cn dng thm t nht bao nhiu ha cht (cc
phng php vt l v iu kin c ) iu ch Cu ?
A. 2.

B. 3.

C. 1.

D. 4.

Li gii:
CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 2CuO + CO2 + H2O
CO
H

2
CuO
Cu Chn C
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Cu 37: Mt loi phn c cng thc K2SO4.M2(SO4)3.nH2O. Ly 7,485 gam phn ny nung ti khi lng
khng i th cn li 4,245 gam phn khan. Mt khc ly 7,485 gam phn ha tan vo nc ri cho tc
dng vi BaCl2 d th thu c 6,99 gam kt ta. Kim loi M v gi tr n ln lt l :
A. Cr, 24.

B. Al, 24.

C. Fe, 24.

D. Al, 12.

Li gii:
nphn =

1 699
7485 4245
018
= 00075 mol , nnc =
= 018 ga tr n =
= 24
4 233
18
00075

Mphn = 2.39 + 96 + 2M + 96.3 + 24.18 =

7485
= 998 M = 52 Chn A
00075

Cu 38: Cho cc cht: phenol, anilin, axit glutamic, axetilen, imetylamin, axit axetic, axit acrylic, vinyl
axetat. S lng cc cht tc dng c vi HCl l :
A. 6.

B. 4.

C. 3.

D. 5.

Li gii:
Cc cht tc dng c vi HCl l: anilin, axit glutamic, axetilen, imetylamin, axit acrylic, vinyl axetat

Chn A
Cu 39: C cc mu cht rn ring bit: Ba, Mg, Fe, Al, ZnO, MgO, Al2O3, CuO, Ag, Zn. Ch dng thm
dung dch H2SO4 long c th nhn ra nhiu nht bao nhiu cht trong s cc cht trn ?
A. 6 cht.

B. 7 cht.

C. 8 cht.

D. 10 cht.

Li gii: Nhn bit c 10 cht Chn D

Cu 40: Glucoz v Fructoz
A. u to c dung dch mu xanh lam khi tc dng vi Cu(OH)2.
B. u c nhm chc -CHO trong phn t.
C. l 2 dng th hnh ca cng mt cht.
D. u tn ti ch yu dng mch h.
Li gii: Chn p n A
II. PHN RING (Th sinh ch c chn mt trong hai phn sau: phn A hoc phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu: T cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Mt hn hp gm Al4C3, CaC2 v Ca vi s mol bng nhau. Cho 37,2 gam hn hp ny vo nc
n phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp kh X. Cho hn hp kh X qua Ni, un nng thu c hn hp
kh Y gm C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, H2, CH4. Cho Y qua nc brom mt thi gian thy khi lng bnh ng
nc brom tng 3,84 gam v c 11,424 lt hn hp kh Z thot ra (ktc). T khi ca Z so vi H2 l
A. 8.

B. 7,41.

C. 7,82.

D. 2,7.

Li gii:
Gi Al4C3 = CaC2 = Ca = x mol 144x + 64x + 40x = 248 x = 37,2 x = 0,15 mol
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Al4C3 + 12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4

CaC2 + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
Ca + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2

X gm: CH4: 0,45 mol; C2H2: 0,15 mol v H2: 0,15 mol
Bo ton khi lng: mX = mY = mZ + mbnh brom tng mZ = 11,4 3,84 = 7,56 gam
MZ = 7,56/0,51 = 14,82 T khi ca Z so vi H2 =

1482
2 = 741 Chn B

Cl 2
Mg
Cu 42: Cho s phn ng sau: Ca(OH)2 +

X
Y
CO2 +

X, Y, Z ln lt l:

A. CaCl2, CaCO3, MgCO3.

B. CaOCl2, CaCl2, MgO.

C. CaOCl2, CaCO3, C.

D. CaCl2, Na2CO3, MgO.

Li gii:
Cl 2
Mg
Ca(OH)2 +

CaOCl2
CaCO3
CO2 +

C Chn C

Cu 43: Mt loi cht bo c to thnh bi glixerol v 3 axit bo l axit panmitic, axit oleic v axit
linoleic. un 0,1 mol cht bo ny vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M sau phn ng hon ton thu c
dung dch X. C cn cn thn dung dch X (trong qu trnh c cn khng xy ra phn ng ha hc) cn li
m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 91,6.

B. 96,4

C. 99,2.

D. 97.

Li gii:
mCht bo = 856.0,1 = 85,6 gam
0,1 mol cht bo t c d n g v i dung dch NaOH t o t h n h m u i t h k h i l n g t n g :
0,1(3.23 41) = 2,8 gam

mrn = 85,6 + 2,8 + 40.(0,5 0,3) = 96,4 gam Chn B

Cu 44: Hn hp X g m Fe3O4, FeO, Fe2O3, CuO. Ly 46,7 gam X kh ha hon ton bng H2 th thu
c 9 gam H2O. Cng ly 46,7 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d, ri c cn dung dch sau phn
ng th thu c khi l ng mui khan thu c l:
A. 74,2 gam.

B. 82,2 gam.

C. 64,95 gam.

D. 96,8 gam.

Li gii:
Ta c nO (trong

oxit)

= 0,5 mol mkim loi (trong oxit) = 46,7 16.0,5 = 38,7 gam

nCl-(to mui) = nH+ = 2nO = 1 mol mmui = 38,7 + 35,5.1 = 74,2 gam Chn A

Cu 45: Mt loi qung pirit c cha 75,5% FeS2 (cn li l tp cht tr). Khi lng qung ny iu
ch 1 kg dung dch H2SO4 63,7% l (bit rng c 1,5% khi lng SO2 b hao ht trong khi nung qung, cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton)
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A. 396 gam.

B. 613,78 gam.

C. 298,93 gam.

D. 524,42 gam.

Li gii:
mqung =

120.1000.637.100.100
= 52442 gam Chn D
2.100.98.985.755

Cu 46: Hn hp X gm M2CO3, MHCO3 v MCl vi M l kim loi kim. Nung nng 20,29 gam hn hp
X, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thy cn li 18,74 gam cht rn. Cng em 20,29 gam hn hp X trn
tc dng ht vi 500 ml dung dch HCl 1M th thot ra 3,36 lt kh (ktc) v thu c dung dch Y. Cho Y
tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th thu c 74,62 gam kt ta. Kim loi M l
A. Na.

B. Li.

C. K.

D. Cs.

Li gii:
2MHCO3 M2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
x

Ta c 44.x + 18.x = 20,29 18,74 = 1,55 x = 0,025 mol

nMCl = nAgCl 05 =
nM2HCO3 =

7462
05 = 002 mol
1435

336
0025 = 0125mol
224

mX = (2M + 60).0,125 + (M + 61).0,025 + (M + 71).0,02 = 20,29 M = 39 Chn C

Cu 47: Hp cht hu c a chc X c cng thc phn t C10H18O4, khi X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH
thu c mui ca axit aipic v hn hp Y gm 2 ancol ng ng. un Y vi H SO c 170oC th s
2

lng anken thu c l

A. 2.

B. 3.

C. 4.

D. 1.

Li gii:
bt bo ha ca X =

2.10 + 2 18
= 2 CTCT ca X: CH3 OOC (CH2)4 COO C3H7
2

Hn hp Y gm: CH3OH v C3H7OH un Y vi H2SO4c 170oC ch thu c 1 anken:CH3 CH = CH2

Chn D
Cu 48: t chy hon ton hai gluxit X v Y u thu c s mol CO2 nhiu hn s mol H2O. Hai gluxit
l
A. Tinh bt v mantoz.

B. Xenluloz v glucoz.

C. Saccaroz v fructoz.

D. Tinh bt v glucoz.

Li gii: Chn p n A
Cu 49: Khng nh ng l
A. Cc halogen F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 theo chiu t tri sang phi tnh oxi ha gim dn, ng thi tnh kh
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tng dn.

B. Cc hp cht HF, HCl, HBr, HI theo chiu t tri sang phi tnh axit gim dn, ng thi tnh kh
tng dn.

C. Cc hp cht HClO, HClO2, HClO3, HClO4 theo chiu t tri sang phi tnh axit tng dn, ng
thi tnh oxi ha tng dn.

D. iu ch HF, HCl, HBr, HI ngi ta cho mui ca cc halogen ny tc dng vi H2SO4 c,

nng.
Li gii:
Khng nh A ng: Cc halogen F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 theo chiu t tri sang phi tnh oxi ha gim dn, ng
thi tnh kh tng dn. Chn A

Cu 50: Hp cht d tan trong nc nht l

A. C2H5OH.

B. C2H5Cl.

C. C2H6.

D. HCOOCH3.

Li gii:
C2H5OH c to c lin kt hiro vi nc v vi chnh n nn d tan nht Chn A

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