Báo cáo thực tập

B CNG THNG
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP H NI
KHOA IN T
*********
BO CO THC TP
Qu trnh thc tp ti cng ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.VN
GV Hng Dn:
H QUANG THANH
Sinh vin thc hin:

Lp:
L VN LONG
HCNKT T2-K1.
Trng: i Hc Cng Nghip H Ni.
H Ni, thng 4 nm 2010.
Sinh Vn: L Vn Long. Lp: H CNKT T2-K1
NHN XT CA N V THC TP.

H v tn sinh vin:
L Vn Long,
Lp:
H CNKT T2-K1
Trng:
i Hc Cng Nghip H Ni.
a im thc tp: Cng Ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.vn

a ch: S 8 Ph Yn Lc - Phng Vnh Tuy - Qun Hai B Trng H Ni.
S in thoi: 04 39963208 - 04 39963209
Email: hotro@sisia.vn,
Fax: 04 36369039
Website:www.sisia.vn.
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H ni ngy.thng.nm 2010.
NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN.

H v tn sinh vin: L Vn Long..................................................................

Lp H CNKT DDT2-K1..............................................................................
Trng: i Hc Cng Nghip H Ni..........................................................
Gio vin hng dn: H Quang Thanh.........................................................
a im thc tp: Cng Ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.vn
1. Tin v thi thc tp ca sinh vin:
- Mc lien h vi gio vin:.........................................................................
- Thi gian thc tp v quan h c s:..............................................................
- Tin thc hin............................................................................................
2. Ni dung bo co:...........................................................................................
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3.im bo co:...............................................................................................
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H ni ngy.thng.nm 2010
Gio vin hng dn
LI M U.
L mt sinh vin ngnh k thut chun b ra trng, qu trnh thc tp l

mt c hi tip xc vi cng vic sp ti v nh hng cho mnh nhng bc
i sau khi ra trng. Qu trnh thc tp cng l mt th nghim trong qu trnh tm

vic sau ny.Chc rng mi ngi u nh hng cho mnh con ng i sp ti
sau khi ra trng, ai cng n lc tm ra cho mnh mt c hi tt. Nhng kin
thc hc trng l cha bc vo nhng th thch trong cng vic cng
nh trong cuc sng, Thc tp l mt c hi tt c thm nhng hiu bit nht
nh v ngnh ngh mnh ang theo hc v cho cng vic sau ny.
Em thy vic i thc tp l rt cn thit v b ch.
Ngnh in t l mt lnh vc kh l rng ln bao gm nhiu mt, nhiu lnh
vc, em cng rt lng tng khng bit sau khi ra trng s theo con ng no,
nhng trong qu trnh thc tp em thy in t t ng ha l ngnh m em cm
thy rt hay v th v.
Trong qu trnh thc tp c nhiu kh khn nhng c s quan tm gip ca
thy H QUANG THANH v c s ch bo tn tnh ca cc anh ch trong cng
ty, c bit l gim c V VN TN gip em hon thnh tt qu trnh thc
tp.
Em xin chn thnh cm n!
PHN 1: KHI QUT CHUNG V CNG TY.

I. GII THIU CNG TY.
Cng ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.vn
a ch: S 8 Ph Yn Lc - Phng Vnh Tuy - Qun Hai B Trng H Ni.

S in thoi: 04 39963208 04 36369039
Fax: 04 36369039.
Email: hotro@sisia.vn
website: www.Sisia.vn
Gim c: V Vn Tn.
Cng ty SISIA hot ng trong cc lnh vc sau:
1. Cung cp thit b.
SISIA.VN nh phn phi thit b in, t ng ha cng nghip.

. My tnh cng nghip
. Contactor
. PLC
. n bo
. Bin tn
. Cng tc
. Mn hnh iu khin
. Nt nhn
. ng c servo
. Thit b bo v ng c
. B m
. Thit b o iu khin nhit
. Sensor
. Thit b o m
. Aptomat
. Thit b o lu lng
. B in khin ATS
. Sng o nhit
Hnh 1: Cc sn phm cng ty cung cp

2. Tch hp, gii php.
SISIA.VN thc hin thnh cng rt nhiu cng trnh thit k, cung cp
h thng in iu khin, DCS, SCADA, t in phn phi trong cc ngnh:
. Thc phm
. Dt
. Thp
. Ha cht
. X l nc
. Si
. Gch
. Xng du
. Cp in
. Xi mng
. Nha
. Ch to my
Hnh 2: cc gii php thc hin ca cng ty.

3. Sa cha, bo tr
SISIA.VN cung cp tt nht dch v sa cha, ci t, bo tr cc thit
b in, t ng ha nh bin tn, PLC, my tnh cng nghip, HMI, ng c
SERVOR, ng c bc, b iu khin ng c mt chiu, khi ng mm,
b iu khin CNC, b iu khin thyristor
SISIA.VN lun hon thin chnh mnh l i tc tin cy nht trong dch
v sa cha, bo tr, ci t hiu chnh cc dy truyn sn xut cng nghip.
Hnh 3: sa cha v bo tr.

II. CC GII PHP CA CNG TY

1. Gii php iu khin gim st SCADA
Cng ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.VN hon thnh sut sc
d n iu khin gim st cho dy chuyn sn xut bt git nh my sn xut bt
git VILACO. Dy chuyn sn xut gm c hai cng on:
Cng on 1: Phi trn cc nguyn liu theo cng ngh sau a vo thng phn
ng v khuy trn.
Cc thnh phn c phi trn gm 5 thnh phn, 5 thnh phn ny c trn theo
mt t l ca cng ngh. Khi lng cc thnh phn c cn qua h thng cn sau
c a v thng phn ng. qu trnh phn ng c tr gip bng h thng
khuy c s dng bin tn.
Cng on 2: Sau khi qu trnh khuy kt thc kem c ng c bm cao p ht
v y vi p sut cao a ln nh thp thng qua cc u phun kem s c
phun dng ht v c h thng qut ht kh nng sy. Qu trnh kt thc sn
phm l bt s phng v c chuyn qua cng on ng gi.
2. Mt gii php tit kim in ca SISIA.VN
C rt nhiu chi ph to thnh mt sn phm trong chi ph nhn cng v
chi ph nng lng ang l vn cp bch m bt k mt doanh nghip no cng
quan tm v tm cch gim bt.
ng dng v trin khai thnh cng cc gii php gip:
+ Tit kim nng lng .
+ Ti u ho cng ngh .
+ Gim chi ph nhn cng .
+ Nng cao cht lng sn phm
+ Bo v mi trng sng.
2.1. Gii php lp cho my bm nc
H thng bm nc lm mt cho cc my hn ng Inox ca cng ty TNHH
Gia Anh Hng Yn, c 10 u van cp cho 10 my hn ng.
* Khi cha lp bin tn

- Khi m t van p sut, lu lng nc qu tha (phi x bng van tay lng
nc lng nc tha ny v b cha) .
- Cng sut in ng c my bm tiu th l ln nht.
- p sut lu lng nc khng n nh lm nh hng n bng sn phm.
- Lng ph lao ng do thng xuyn phi iu chnh van x.
- Kh nng v ng ng l kh cao.
* Khi lp bin tn TKNL
- iu khin p sut, lu lng nc theo mong mun.
- in nng tiu th ca my bm gim c t 20-70% khi m t 91 van .
- Sn phm ng u, cht lng tt n nh( do p sut nc n nh)
- Gim chi ph vn hnh khi iu ch p lc nc.
- Tit kim in nng tiu th trung bnh 35%
* Khch hng trin khai
- Cng ty THNN Gia Anh Hng Yn
- Cng ty ViLaCo( sn xut bt git V Dn)
2.2. Gii php lp bin tn cho my n nha
My n nha cc sn phm chnh:
Cht lng v dy mng ca cc sn phm ph thuc nhiu vo tc ca
ng c ko quay trc vt.
* Khi cha lp bin tn
- Mi sn phm khc nhau ngi dng phi thay i t s truyn ca buly khc
nhau.
- Cng sut in tiu th ca ng c l max( Do vn chy tc nh mc)
- Vic thay i t s truyn tng cp c nh nn sn phm lm ra cht lng
khng cao
( Do tc trc vt quay y nguyn liu ra cha ph hp)
- Lng ph nguyn liu tiu hao v nhn cng lao ng( do vic chnh my ko
di).
* Khi lp bin tn.
- Tc ca ng c c thay i mm (v cp) ph hp vi nhiu sn phm

khc nhau.
- Cng sut in tiu th ca ng c gim t 15-45%
- Lng ph nguyn liu v nhn cng lao ng gim i rt nhiu .
- Cht lng sn phm nng cao v n nh.
* Khch hng trin khai
- Cng ty Vina cp( tng cng ty vin thng vit nam )
- Cng ty Minh Hin (Nam nh)
- Cng ty cp in Trn ph (KCN T Lim)
- Doanh nghip t nhn Lut Hoa (Nh Qunh Hng Yn )
- Cng ty dy cp in Hi Phng.
3. Cc chin lc bo v h thng iu khin v h SCADA
Trong nhiu nm qua, hu ht cc cng ty c c s h tng trng yu c
iu khin bi cc h SCADA, DCS v cc h thng iu khin qu trnh khc
s dng phng php nhm tt c cc h thng thi gian thc vo trong mt mi
trng gi l PCN hay mng iu khin qu trnh, v c gng gi cho mi trng
tch bit khi CNTT v cc mng kt hp ti mc c th.
Cng ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.VN hon thnh sut sc
d n iu khin gim st cho dy chuyn sn xut bt git nh my sn xut bt
git VILACO.
Dy chuyn sn xut gm c hai cng on:
Cng on 1: Phi trn cc nguyn liu theo cng ngh sau a vo thng phn
ng v khuy trn, Cc thnh phn c phi trn gm 5 thnh phn. 5 thnh phn
ny c trn theo mt t l ca cng ngh. khi lng cc thnh phn c cn
qua h thng cn sau c a v thng phn ng. qu trnh phn ng c tr
gip bng h thng khuy c s dng bin tn.Cng on 2: Sau khi qu trnh
khuy kt thc kem c ng c bm cao p ht v y vi p sut cao a ln
nh thp thng qua cc u phun kem s c phun dng ht v c h thng
qut ht kh nng sy. Qu trnh kt thc sn phm l bt s phng v c chuyn
qua cng on ng gi.
III. KHCH HNG TIU BIU

* Cng ty LG Electronic Vit Nam
* Cng ty sa Mc Chu
* Cng ty ORION HANEL
* Cty TNHH Toyoda Goise Hi Phng
* Cng ty C phn Tam Kim
* Cng ty Vit M - Exxon Mobile
* Nh my Nhit in B Ra
* Cng ty c phn Sng - Thng Long
* Nh my Nhit in Cn Th
* Tng Cty bo m hot ng bay VN
* Nh my Thu in Ho Bnh
* Cng ty Sn Hi Phng
* in lc Thanh Xun - H Ni
* Cty c phn Rng Vng Minh Ngc
* Cng ty Tin t
* Cng ty Bia H Ty (Heineken, Tiger)
* Cng ty SATO Vit Nam
* Cng ty Vico
* Cng ty TNHH MK Science
* Cty cng nghip tu thy Thanh Ha
* Cng ty Rorze Robotech
* Cng ty c phn tp on Minh Tm
* Cng ty c phn Vietcom
* Cty May s 2 - Tng cng ty Sng
* Cng ty OSIV Vit Nam
* Cng ty TNHH May mc Viet Pacific
* Cng ty May Phng Tho
* Cty TNHH vt t thit b KT H Ty
* Cng ty c phn cao su Telin
* Cty CP SX my tnh SARA - VNPC
* Cng ty Nha T Phng
* Cng ty Tr i Gia
* Cng ty TNHH Nha V Hng
* Cng ty cp Thng Long
* Khch sn Fortuna
* TT dch v thng tin KHKT ngnh in
* Cng ty c phn Trng An
*Cty TNHH Toyota Boshoku Hi Phng
* Cng ty sa HanoiMilk
* Cng ty TNHH Austfeed Vit Nam
* Cng ty c phn tp on pht trin cng ngh v u t - GS Group

* Cng ty Thit b v sn phm an ton Vit Nam Protect
* Cng ty TNHH ch to ng c Zongshen Vit Nam
* Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin in lc Ninh Bnh
* Cng ty c phn ch to my bin th v thit b in
* Cng ty c phn thu in Vnh Sn - sng Hinh
* Cng ty In & sn xut bao b Thin H
PHN 2: QU TRNH NGHIN CU, LM VIC KHI THC TP TI

CNG TY SISIA VIT NAM.
I. C S L THUYT
1. Bin tn
B bin i tn s hay cn gi l bin tn l thit b bin i dng in xoay
chiu tn s ny thnh dng in xoay chiu c tn s khc m c th thay i
c.
i vi cc b bin tn dng cho vic iu chnh tc ng c xoay chiu th
ngoi vic thay i tn s ca chng cn c th thay i c in p ra vi in p
li cp vo b bin tn.
1.1. Nguyn l lm vic ca bin tn
Nguyn l c bn lm vic ca b bin tn cng kh n gin. u tin, ngun
in xoay chiu 1 pha hay 3 pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun 1 chiu bng
phng. Cng on ny c thc hin bi b chnh lu cu diode v t in. Nh
vy, h s cng sut cos phi ca h bin tn u c gi tr khng ph thuc vo ti
v c gi tr t nht 0.96. in p mt chiu ny c bin i (nghch lu) thnh
in p xoay chiu 3 pha i xng. Cng on ny hin nay c thc hin thng
qua h IGBT (transistor lng cc c cng cch ly) bng phng php iu ch
rng xung (PWM). Nh tin b ca cng ngh vi x l v cng ngh bn dn lc
hin nay, tn s chuyn mch xung c th ln ti di tn s siu m nhm gim
ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c.
H thng in p xoay chiu 3 pha u ra c th thay i gi tr bin v tn s
v cp tu theo b iu khin. Theo l thuyt, gia tn s v in p c mt quy
lut nht nh tu theo ch iu khin. i vi ti c m men khng i, t s
in p - tn s l khng i. Tuy vy vi ti bm v qut, quy lut ny li l hm
bc 4. in p l hm bc 4 ca tn s. iu ny to ra c tnh m men l hm
bc hai ca tc ph hp vi yu cu ca ti bm/qut do bn thn m men cng
li l hm bc hai ca in p.
Ngoi ra, bin tn ngy nay tch hp rt nhiu kiu iu khin khc nhau ph
hp hu ht cc loi ph ti khc nhau. Ngy nay bin tn c tch hp c b PID v
thch hp vi nhiu chun truyn thng khc nhau, rt ph hp cho vic iu khin
v gim st trong h thng SCADA.
1.2. Phn loi bin tn:
Bin tn c chia lm 2 nhm l Bin tn my in v Bin tn van.
1.2.1. Bin tn my in
Nguyn l chung ca loi bin tn ny l dng my in xoay chiu lm ngun

in c tn s bin i.
1.2.2. Bin tn van
Nguyn l lm vic ca bin tn van l dng cc tn hiu iu khin ng m
cc van ( y thng l cc transistor hay thiristor ) bin i nng lng in
xoay chiu tn s ny thnh nng lng in xoay chiu c tn s khc. Bin tn
van c chia lm 2 loi:
+ Bin tn van trc tip.
+ Bin tn van gin tip.
Bin tn van c ng dng rng ri v c nhiu u im nh: kch thc nh nh,
khng gy n, h s khuch i cng sut ln, hiu sut cao.
1.2.3 Mt s hang bin tn trn th trng.
1.2.3.1. Bin tn ABB
Bn tn ABB l mt trong nhng sn phm rt th mnh ca tp on ni
ting ABB Phn Lan.Vi nhiu dng bin tn khc nhau v di cng sut rt ln
c bit vi cng ngh hng u ca mnh trong lnh vc in t ng ha ABB
khng nh c thng hiu ca mnh trong nn cng nghip ca th gi
Cng sut t 0.18kw n 27MW cng vi di in p 200V n 4.16KV v cng
ngh vt tri Bin tn ABB c nh gi l hng c Bin tn ng u trn
ton cu " theo IMS Study 2008"
* Bin tn cho ch to my ACS 350: Dng iu khin tc ng c
khng ng b 3 Pha c yu cu iu khin nng cao, thng dng chu ti nng s
dng cho : OEM-ch to my dt, my in,my ch bin thc phm, cao su, nha,
g , bng ti...
* Bin tn cng sut nh ACS 150: Dng iu khin tc ng c khng
ng b 3 Pha, 220V/0.372.2 KW, 380V/0.3722 KW
* Bin tn cng sut nh ACS 150: Dng iu khin tc ng c khng
ng b 3 Pha c yu cu iu khin n gin, ti nh.
1.2.3.2 Bin tn DELTA.
* VFD - B Series dng cho ti nng: Ph hp vi hu ht cc ng dng, cc

nhu cu thay i tc my ng gi, bng ti.
c bit: ng dng trong ngnh Dt si, Thang my, Thang cun, Bm, Qut,
Nha v cc dy chuyn sn xut khc.
(cng sut t 700W 75kW (1pha/3pha; 220V~/380V~)
* VFD - L Series dng cho ti nh: Ph hp vi cc ng dng nh, cc nhu
cu thay i tc , my bn bng, my ng gi, bng ti. iu khin hon ho
ng c xoay chiu 3 pha cng sut t 0.2kW 1.5kW Ci t n gin, in p
ngun cp 1&3 Pha/220V~,Cng sut 400W & 750W.
1.2.3.3. Bin tn SIEMENS.
*Bin tn M420
H bin tn MICROMASTER 420 - 6SE6420 c cng sut nh mc t
0.37KW n 11KW i vi in p vo 3 pha AC 380V n 480V, 0.12 KW n
5.5KW i vi in p vo 3 pha AC 200V n 240V v 0.12KW n 3KW i
vi in p vo 1 pha AC 200V n 240V tn s ng vo 50/60Hz.
*Bin tn M430 :Bin tn MICROMASTER 430 - 6SE6430 c cng sut
nh mc t 7.5KW n 250KW i vi in p vo 3 pha AC 380V n 480V,
tn s ng vo 50/60Hz. in p nh mc ng ra: 3 pha 380VAC , tn s ng ra t
0Hz n 650Hz.
*Bin tn SINAMICS G110 :Bin tn SINAMICS G110 - 6SL c cng sut
nh mc: t 0.12KW n 3.0KW, in p nh mc ng vo: t 1 pha 200V240VAC , tn s ng vo 50/60Hz, in p nh mc ng ra: 3 pha 220VAC, tn
s ng ra t 0Hz n 650Hz.
1.3 u im ca bin tn l tit kim in
Hiu sut chuyn i ngun ca cc b bin tn rt cao v s dng cc b linh kin
bn dn cng sut ch to theo cng ngh hin i. Chnh v vy, nng lng tiu
th cng xp x bng nng lng yu cu ca h thng.
Qua tnh ton vi cc d liu thc t, vi cc chi ph thc t th vi mt ng c s
cp khong 100 kW, thi gian thu hi vn u t cho mt b bin tn l khong t
3 thng n 6 thng. Hin nay Vit nam c mt s x nghip s dng my
bin tn ny v c kt qu r rt.
Vi gii php tit kim nng lng bn cnh vic nng cao tnh nng iu khin h
thng, cc b bin tn hin nay ang c coi l mt ng dng chun cho cc h
truyn ng cho bm v qut.
Nh tnh nng k thut cao vi cng ngh iu khin hin i nht (iu khin ti
u v nng lng) cc b bin tn ang v s lm hi lng nhiu nh u t trong
nc, trong khu vc v trn th gii.
1.4. Cc loi ti nn s dng bin tn tit kim in.
1.4.1. Ph ti c m mem thay i (iu ha trung tm, bm cp nc, bm qut
mt,... ).
1.4.2. ng c lun chy non ti m khng th thay ng c c th phi lp
thm bin tn.
2. PLC
2.1. Khi nim
K thut iu khin kh trnh PLC (Pogrammable Logic Control) c pht
trin t nhng nm 1968 1970. Trong giai on u cc thit b kh trnh yu cu
ngi s dng phi c k thut in t, phi c trnh cao. Ngy nay cc thit b
PLC pht trin mnh m v c mc ph cp cao.
Thit b iu khin logic lp trnh c PLC l dng thit b iu khin c
bit da trn b vi x l, s dng b nh lp trnh c lu tr cc lnh v thc
hin chc nng, chng hn, cho php tnh logic, lp chui, nh gi, m, v cc
thut ton iu khin my v cc qu trnh cng ngh. PLC c thit k cho
cc k s, khng yu cu cao cc kim thc v my tnh v ngn ng my tnh, c
th vn hnh. Chng c thit k cho khng ch cc nh lp trnh my tnh mi c
th ci t hoc thay i chng trnh. V vy, cc nh thit k PLC phi lp trnh
sn sao cho chng trnh iu khin c th nhp bng cch s dng ngn ng n
gin (ngn ng iu khin). Thut ng logic c s dng v vic lp trnh ch yu
lin quan n cc hot ng logic v d nu c cc iu kin A v B th C lm
vic ngi vn hnh nhp chng trnh (chui lnh) vo b nh PLC. Thit b
iu khin PLC s gim st cc tn hiu vo v cc tn hiu vo v cc tn hiu ra

theo chng trnh ny v thc hin cc quy tc iu khin c lp trnh.
Cc PLC tng t my tnh, nhng my tnh c ti u ha cho cc tc v
tnh ton v hin th, cn PLC c chuyn bit cho cc tc v iu khin v mn
trng cng nghip. v vy cc PLC:
+ c thit k bn chu c rung ng, nhit, m v ting n.
+ C sn giao din cho cc thit b vo ra.
+ c lp trnh d dng vi ngn ng iu khin d hiu, ch yu gii
quyt cc php ton logic v chuyn mch.
V c bn chc nng ca b iu khin PLC cng ging nh chc nng ca b
iu khin thit k trn c s cc rle cng tc t hoc trn c s cc khi in t
l:
+ Thu nhn cc tn hiu vo v cc tn hiu phn hi t cm bin.
+ Lin kt, ghp ni cc tn hiu theo yu cu iu khin v thc hin ng
m cc mch ph hp vi cng ngh.
+ Tnh ton v son tho c lnh iu khin trn c s so snh cc thong tin
thu c
+Phn bit cc lnh iu khin n cc a ch thch hp.
2.2. Cc thnh phn c bn ca mt b PLC.
2.2.1. Cu hnh phn cng.
Hnh 4: cu hnh phn cng.

H thng PLC thong dng c nm b phn c bn gm: b x l, b nh, b

ngn, giao din vo/ra, v thit b lp trnh. S h thng nh hnh trn.
- B x l.
B x l hay cn gi l b x l trung tm (CPU), l linh kin cha b vi x l. B
x l bin dnh cc tn hiu vo v thc hin cc hot ng iu khin theo chng
trnh c lu trong b nh ca CPU, truyn cc quyt nh di dng tn hiu
hot ng n cc thit b ra.
Nguyn l lm vic ca b x l tin hnh theo tng bc tun t, u tin cc
thng tin lu tr trong b nh chng trnh c gi ln tun t v c kim sot
bi b m chng trnh. B x l lien kt cc tn hiu v a kt qu u ra. Chu
k thi gian ny gi l thi gian qut (scan). Thi gian vng qut ph thuc vo
dung lng ca b nh, vo tc ca CPU. Ni chung mt chu k qut nh hnh
di.
Sau thao tc tun t chng trnh s dn n mt thi gian tr khi b m

ca chng trinh i qua mt chu trnh y , sau bt u li t u.
trnh thi gian qu tr ngi ta o thi gian qut ca mt chng trnh
di 1 Kbyte v coi l ch tiu so snh cc PLC. Vi nhiu loi thit b thi
gian tr ny c th ti 20ms hoc hn. Nu thi gian tr gy tr ngi cho qua trnh
iu khin th phi dng cc bin php c bit, chng hn nh lp t nhng ln
gi quan trng trong thi gian mt ln qut, hoc l iu khin cc thng tin
chuyn giao b bt i nhng ln gi t quan trng khi thi gian qut di ti mc
khng th chp nhn c. nu cc gii php trn khng tha mn th phi dng
PLC c thi gian qut ngn hn.
2.2.2. B ngun.
B ngun c nhim v chuyn i in p AC thnh in p thp cho b vi x l
(thng l 5v) v cho cc mch inh trong cc module cn li ( thng l 24v).
2.2.3. Thit b lp trnh.

Thit b lp trnh c s dng lp cc chng trnh iu khin cn thit, sau
chuyn cho PLC. Thit b lp trnh c th l thit b lp trnh chuyn dng, c th
l cc thit b cm tay gn nh, c th l phn mm c ci t trn my tnh c
nhn.
2.2.4 B nh.
B nh l ni lu tr chng trnh s dng cho cc hot ng iu khin.
Cc dng b nh c th l RAM, ROM, EPROM. Ngi ta lun ch to ngui d
phng cho RAM duy tr chng trnh trong trng hp mt in ngun, thi
gian duy tr ty thuc vo tng PLC c th. B nh cng c th c ch to thnh
module cho php d dng thch nghi vi cc chc nng iu khin c kch c khc
nhau, khi cn m rng c th cm thm.
2.2.5. Giao din vo/ ra.
Giao din vo ra l ni b x l trung tm nhn thng tin t cc thit b ngoi vi v
truyn thng tin n cc thit b bn ngoi. Tn hiu vo c th t cc cng tc, cc
b cm bin nhit , cc t bo quang in. Tn hiu ra c th cung cp cho cc
cun dt cng tc t, cc rle, cc van in t, cc ng c nh. Tn hiu vo/ ra
c th l tn hiu ri rc, tn hiu lien tc, tn hiu logic
Cc tn hiu vo/ ra c th th hin nh hnh 5
Hnh 5: Cc tn hiu vo ra.
Mi im vo ra c mt ac ch duy nht c PLC s dng.

Cc knh vo\ra c cc chc nng cch ly v iu ha tn hiu sao cho cc b
cm bin v cc b tc ng c th ni trc tip vi chng m khng cn thm
mch in khc.
Tn hiu thng c ghp cch in (cch ly) nh linh kin quang nh hnh 6.
Di tn hiu nhn vo cho cc
PLC c ln c th l 5v, 24v,
110v, 220v. Cc PLC c nh
thng ch nhp tn hiu 24v.
Tn hiu ra cng c ghp
cch ly kiu rle nh hnh 7a,
cch ly kiu quang nh hn7b.
Hnh 6: Cch ly in tn hiu vo.
Hnh 7: Cch ly tn hiu ra

Tn hiu ra c th l tn hiu chuyn mch 24v, 100mA: 110v, 1A mt chiu; thm
ch 240v, 1A xoay chiu ty loi PLC. Tuy nhin, vi PLC c ln di tn hiu ra c
th thay i bng cch la chn cc module ra thch hp.
2.3. Cu to chung ca PLC.
Cc PLC c hai kiu cu to c bn l: kiu hp n v kiu module ni ghp.
Kiu hp n thng dng cho cc PLC c nh v c cung cp di dng
nguyn chic hon chnh gm b ngun, b x l, b nh v cc giao din vo\ ra.
Kiu hp n thng vn c kh nng ghp ni c vi cc module ngoi m
rng kh nng ca PLC..
Hnh 8: Cu to chung ca PLC

Kiu module gm cc module ring cho mi chc nng nh module ngun,
module x l trung tm, module ghp ni, module vo\ra, module m, module
PID. Cc module c lp trn cc rnh v c kt ni vi nhau. Kiu cu to
ny c th c s dng cho cc thit b in khin lp trnh vi mi kch c, c
nhiu b chc nng khc nhau c gp vo cc module ring bit. Vic s dng
cc module ty thuc cng dng c th.
3. Cc thit b in.
3.1. Rle.
Rle l thit b in dng ng ct mch in iu khin, bo v v iu
khin s lm vic ca mch in ng lc.
Cc b phn (cc khi) chnh ca rle l: c cu tip thu, c cu trung gian, c cu
chp hnh. V d rle in t c cc b phn: cun dy (c cu tip thu), mch te
nam chm in (c cu trung gian), h thn cc tip im (c cu chp hnh).
Ngy nay do s pht trin

ca cng ngh, ngoi rle in
c, rle nhit, rle t, cc loi
rle in t rle s vi nhng u
imt ni bt pht trin v s
dng nhiu trong cc nghnh ca
sn xut v i sng
3.1.1. Rle in t.
Rle in t l rle in c, lm vic theo nguyn l t in. xt 1 rle in
t c cu to nh hnh 9.
Khi c dng in i i vo cun dy 2 ca nam chm in 1, th np 3 ca nam
chm in s chu 1 lc ht in t Ft. Khi dng in i ln hn dng in tc ng
th lc in t Ft ln
Hnh 9: Cu
tao rle in t.
hn lc Fl xo ca l xo 4, lm ng tip im 5. khi dng in i nh hn dng in
tr v Itv, lc Fl xo ln hn lc in t Ft, rle nh, ct tip im 5.
Nhc im ca rle in t l cng sut tc ng tng i ln, nhy thp.
hin nay ngi ta s dng vt liu st t mi tng nhy ca rle.
3.1.2. Rle nhit.
Rle nhit dng bo v ng c in v mch in khi b qu ti. Rle
nhit khng tc ng tc thi theo tr s dng in, v cn c thi gian pht
nng. Thi gian lm vic khong vi giy n vi pht.
Rle nhit c nguyn l lm vic da vo tc dng nhit ca dng in.
Loi rle nhit thng c gn phn t c bn l phin kim loi kp, cu to t 2
tm kim loi, mt tm c h s gin n b v mt tm c h s gin n ln. Khi
t nng do dng in I, c th dng trc tip cho dng in i qua, hoc dy in
tr bao quanh.
Hnh 10 l s cu to rle nhit.
B phn t nng 1 u ni trc tip vi mch in chnh ca thit b cn bo v

(t ng ct in). Khi dng in chy
trong mch in tng ln qu mc quy
nh (ng c in b qu ti) th nht
lng ta ra lm cho kim loi 3 cong
ln pha trn (v pha kim loi c h s
gin n nh). Nh lc ko ca l xo 5,
n by 4 s quay v m tip
Hnh 10: Cu to rle nhit.
im 2, lm cho mch in t ng ct in. Khi b phn t nng ngui i, thanh
kim loi kp ht cong, n nt 6 l c th a rle nhit v v tr c, tip im 2
ng.
3.1.3. Rle tng t, rle k thut s
Cc loi rle in- c c nhc im l tc ng chm v km chnh xc nn t
nhng nm 70 n nm 90 cc rle in c c ci tin theo hng in t ha,
thay th cc c cu o, c cu so ngng bng cc mch in t v vi mch bn
dn. n khong nhng nm 90 ngi ta a k thut vi x l, vi iu khin vo
rle, cc tnh nng ca rle cng u vit hn.
Rle tng t c c trng l cc thng s vo, ra ca rle nh dng in,
in p, gc lch pha, cng sut l cc i lng lien tc (analog).
Tn hiu ny c so snh vi 1 hay nhiu i lng u vo c gi tr chun
cho tn hiu u ra. Cu trc rle gm cc khi nh sau: khi tip thu, khi thc
hin, khi tr hon v khi ch nh.
Rle k thut s c c im l tn hiu x l bn trong ca rle dng s (dng
nh phn 0, 1). Tn hiu vo c chuyn sang tn hiu s iu khin tn hiu ta.
Kt cu phn cng v phn mm ca cc kiu rle k thut s ca cc hang khc
nhau thng c nhng nt c bit ring, khng ging nhau.
3.2. Cu dao.
Cu dao l loi thit b in dng ng, ct dng in bng tay, n gin

nht, c s dng trong mch in c in c in p 220V in mt chiu v
380 V in xoay chiu.
Cu dao thng dng ng ct mch in cng sut nh khi lm vic
khng phi ng ct nhiu ln. Nu in p mch in cao hn hoc mch in c
cng sut trung bnh v ln hn th cu dao lm nhim v cch li hoc ch ng ct
khng ti. S d nh vy l v khi ct mch in, h quang sinh ra s rt ln, tip
xc s b ph hy trong mt thi gian ngn dn n pht sinh h quang gia cc
pha, gt nguy him cho ngi thao tc v hng thit b.
m bo ct in tin cy cc thit b dng ra khi ngun in, chiu di
li dao phi ln (ln hn 50 cm) v an ton lc ng ct, cn c bin php
dp tt h quang, tc di chuyn li dao tip xc cng nhanh, thi gian dp tp
h quang cng ngn, v th ngi ta thng lm them li dao ph c l xo bt
nhanh cc cu dao c dng in mt chiu ln hn 30A.
Hnh 11: cu to v k hiu cu dao.

1. tip im ng (li dao); 2. tip im tnh; 3. cch in.
Theo kt cu ngi ta phn ra lm 2 loi 1 cc, 2 cc, 3 cc, 4 cc. Theo in p
phn ra in p nh mc 250V, 500V. Theo dng nh mc c cc loi 15; 25 ;
30; 40; 60; 75; 100; 150; 200; 300; 350; 600; 1000A. Theo iu kin bo v c loi
cu dao khng c hp, loi c hp che chn. Theo yu cu s dng c loi cu dao
c cu ch bo v v loi khng c cu ch bo v.
3.3. Nt n.
L thit b in iu khin t xa (c khong cch) ng ct t ng mch

in (mch in ng c).
C hai loi nt nn : nt n thng h v nt n thng ng.
3.3.1 Nt n thng h.
Hnh 12: cu to v k hiu nt n thng h.

Khi n nt theo chiu mi tn th cc tip im h ra, ct mch in. Khi b
tay ra, nh lo xo phn, cc tip im tr li v tr ban u l thng h.
3.3.2. Nt n thng ng.
Hnh 13: cu to v k hiu nt n thng ng.

Khi n nt theo chiu mi tn th cc tip im h ra, ct mch in. Khi b
tay ra, nh lo xo phn, cc tip im tr li v tr ban u l thng ng.
3.4. Cng tc t in t.
Cng tc t l loi thit b in dng ng ct t xa, t ng hoc dng
nt n cc mch in c ti in p n 500V, dng in n 600A.
Cng tc t c hai v tr: ng v ct. Tip im c gi trng thi ng
nh c dng in trong cun dy ht (cun iu khin) ca c cu in t.
Cng tc t in t c cc b phn chnh sau:
- C cu in t.
- H thng tip im chnh.

- H thng tip im ph.
- H thng dp h quang.
hinh
Hnh 14: s nguyn l chung ca cc cng tc t in t.

Trong s hnh 14 ta thy c 2 b phn c bn: c cu in t v c cu truyn
ng. C cu truyn ng gm h thng tay n v tip im ng. C cu truyn
ng phi c kt cu hp l gim thi gian thao tc ng ct, tng lc p cc
tip im v gim c ting ku va p.
3.4.1. C cu in t.
C cu in t ca cng tc t gm c mch t v cun ht.
Mch t ca cng tc t in xoay chiu l cc li thp c ghp bng l
thp k thut in c chiu dy 0.35mm n 0.5mm gim tn hao st t do dng
in xoy. Mch t c dng hnh ch E hoc U, gm 2 thnh phn tnh (1) c
ghp cht c nh, phn ng (2) l np cn gi l phn ng c ni vi cc tip
im (3) qua h thng tay n (4).
Cun ht (5) c in tr rt b so vi in khng. Khi c dng in qua cun
ht, s c lc in t ht np (phn ng 2), thng qua h thng tay n, ng tip
im (3), duy tr v tr ng mch in ca cng tc t (hnh 14).
Ngun l lm vic ca cng tc t in mt chiu cng tng t nh trn,

thng ch khc nhau hnh dng kt cu truyn ng ca mch t ti tip im.
Cng tc t in mt chiu thng dng mch t kiu xupp, c tip im ng
bm cht ngy vo np. Ngoi ra, v s dng dng in mt chiu, nn mch t
thng lm bng st t mm, cun dy thng c dng hnh tr trn qun st vo
li, v li thp t nng hn trng hp xoay chiu.
3.4.2. H thng tip im.
H thng tip im gm cc tip im thng m( trng thi h) v cc
tip m thng ng, ( trng thi ng) khi cha c tc ng ca cun ht.
Hnh 15: 1.li st; 2. cun dy; 3. l xo; 4.k1 k hiu tip im thng m; 5. k2
k hiu tip im thng ng.
Khi co dong in vao cun dy, loi st hut xung mt lc thng lc y lo
xo phan lam cho tip im thng bi ong m ra va tip im thng h bi ong
lai. Nu cun dy bi mt in, do tac dung cua lc y cua lo xo, h thng cacs
tip im tr v vi tri ban u.
Cac s liu ky thut cua cng tc t la:
- in ap inh mc Um la in ap mang in tng ng ma tip im chinh
phai ong ct, thng co cac cp 110V; 220V; 440V in mt chiu va
127V; 220V; 380V; 500V xoay chiu.
Cun hut co th lam vic binh thng in ap trong gii han 85% n
105% in ap inh mc.
- Dong in inh mc Im la dong in i qua tip im chinh trong ch

lam vic gian oan lu dai, nghia la ch nay thi gian cng tc t trang
thai ong khng lu qua 8 gi.
Cng tc t co cac cp dong in thng dung la: 10; 20; 25; 40; 60; 75; 100;
150; 250; 300; 600A.
3.5. Khi ng t.
Khi ng t la mt loai thit bi in dung iu khin ong ct t xa, ao
chiu quay va bao v qua tai (nu mc thm r le nhit) cho cac ng c 3 pha rto
lng soc. Loai khi ng t co mt cng tc t goi la khi ng t n, thng
dung iu khin ong ct ng c in. Khi ng t co 2 cng tc t goi la
khi ng t kep dung khi ng va iu khin ao chiu ng c in. Mun
khi ng t bao v c ngn mach phai mc them cu chi.
Ngi ta chia khi ng t thanh cac loai sau:
- Theo in ap inh mc cua cun dy hut: 36V; 127V; 220V; 380V; va
500V.;
- Theo kt cu bao v chng tac ng bi mi trng xung quanh co cac loai:
h, bao v, chng n.
Cung nh cac thit bi in thp ap, cac chi tit cua khi ng t lam vic
khng co du m bi trn, tc lam vic kh, do o phai lam t vt liu it hao
mon do ma sat va khng bi gi. Ngay nay ngi ta dung kim loai - nha co
chiu mon cao, co th bn gp 200 ln so vi kim loai kim loai.
Hinh 16: s khi ng t n ong iu khin ng c in.

Trn s co cac ky hiu nh sau:

- A, B, C, O mach 3 pha 4 dy.
- CC la cu chi.
- IRN, 2RN 2 rle nhit t 2 pha.
- K cun dy cng tc t co 4 tip im thng m (K1, K2, K3 mach ng
lc, K4 mach iu khin).
- D nut n thng ong (nu dng may)
- M nut n thng m (nut m may).
Hoat ng cua s nh sau:
- M may: n nut m may M, dong in i t pha C qua cu chi, qua D, M, K,
2 tip im thng ong 1RN, 2RN cua rle nhit v trung tinh O, cun dy
K co in, ong cac tip im K1, K2, K3 cung cp in cho ng c. ng
thi ong tip im K4 t khoa nut M (bo tay n nut M ra, mach in vn
c duy tri, i qua tip im K4).
- Mun ct ng c (dng may) ta n nut D, cun dy cng tc t K mt in,
cac tip im K1, K2, K3, K4 h ra ng c ct khoi ngun in.
- Bao v ng c: cu chi CC bao v ngn mach, hai rle nhit RN bao v qua
tai.
3.6. Cu ch.
Cu chi la thit bi in dung bao v cac thit bi in va mach in tranh qua
dong in (chu yu la dong in ngn mach). Trong mang in ta thng thy cu
chi bao v cac dy in va cap, bao v dung in gia inh, bao vh may bin ap,
ng c in.
Hai phn t c ban cua cu chi la : dy chay va thit bi dp h quang (phn t
dp h quang thng gp cu chi cao ap).
Dy chay la phn t quan trong nht, ct mach in khi co s c mt cach tin
cy, dy chay cn thoa man cac yu cu sau:
- Khng bi oxy hoa.
- Dn in tt.
- Nhit nong chay tng i thp.
- Kim loai vt liu it.

- Quan tinh nhit phai nho.
giam nhit tac ng, ngi ta thng dung 2 bin phap :
- Dung dy det co ch tht lai giam tit din.
- Dung dy tron, trn mt s oan han them mt s vay kim loai co nhit
nong chay thp.
Cu tao cua cu chi co cac loai sau: loai h, loai vn, loai hp, loai kin khng
co thach anh, loai kin trong ng co cat thach anh.
Cu chi co c im la n gian, kich thc be, kha nng ct (bao v) ln va
gia thanh thp, nn ngay nay vn c ng dung rng rai.
3.7. ptmt.
Aptmat la thit bi in dung t ng ong ct mach in, bao v qua tai
ngn mach, sut ap, h quang c dp trong khng khi.
trang thai binh thng, sau
khi ong in, aptmat c
gi trang thai ong tip im
nh moc rng 1 khp vi cn
rng 5 cung mt cum vi tip
im ng 6.
Khi mach in qua tai hay ngn
mach, dong in chay qua cun
dy 2 ln, lc hut in t tng
Hnh 17: Cu to ptmat.
ln thng lc lo xo 3 keo phn ng 4 xung lam nha moc 1, cn 5 c t do, tip
im ng 6 cua aptmat c m ra do lc cua lo xo 7, mach in bi ct.
Aptmat thng c phn loai nh sau:
- Theo kt cu: loai 1 cc, 2 cc, 3 cc.
- Theo thi gian tac ng: loai tac ng khng tc thi, loai tac ng tc thi.
- Theo chc nng baoe v: loai bao v dong cc ai, dong cc tiu, bao v
cng sut in ngc, bao v ap cc tiu
thc hin yu cu thao tac chon loc bao v, aptmat phai co kha nng hiu
chinh dong tac ng va thi gian tac ng.
4. Cc loi cm bin, can nhit.
5. ng c SEVOR
5.1. Khi nim
ng c DC v ng c bc vn l nhng h hi tip vng h - ta cp
in ng c quay nhng chng quay bao nhiu th ta khng bit, k c i
vi ng c bc l ng c quay mt gc xc nh ty vo s xung nhn
c. Vic thit lp mt h thng iu khin xc nh nhng g ngn cn
chuyn ng quay ca ng c hoc lm ng c khng quay cng khng d
dng.
Mt khc, ng c servo c thit k cho nhng h thng hi tip vng
kn. Tn hiu ra ca ng c c ni vi mt mch iu khin. Khi ng c
quay, vn tc v v tr s c hi tip v mch iu khin ny. Nu c bt
k l do no ngn cn chuyn ng quay ca ng c, c cu hi tip s
nhn thy tn hiu ra cha t c v tr mong mun. Mch iu khin tip
tc chnh sai lch cho ng c t c im chnh xc.
ng c servo c nhiu kiu dng v kch thc, c s dng trong
nhiu my khc nhau, t my tin iu khin bng my tnh cho n cc m
hnh my bay v xe hi. ng dng mi nht ca ng c servo l trong cc
robot, cng loi vi cc ng c dng trong m hnh my bay v xe hi.
Cc ng c servo iu khin bng lin lc v tuyn c gi l ng c servo
R/C (radio- controlled). Trong thc t, bn thn ng c servo khng phi
c iu khin bng v tuyn, n ch ni vi my thu v tuyn trn my bay
hay xe hi. ng c servo nhn tn hiu t my thu ny. Nh vy c ngha l
ta khng cn phi iu khin robot bng tn hiu v tuyn bng cch s dng
mt ng c servo, tr khi ta mun th. Ta c th iu khin ng c servo
bng my tnh, mt b vi x l hay thm ch mt mch in t n gin dng
IC 555.
5.2. Hot ng ca ng c SEVOR.

ng c v vn k ni vi mch iu khin to thnh mch hi tip vng
kn. C mch iu khin v ng c u c cp ngun DC (thng t 4.8 7.2
V).
quay ng c, tn hiu s c gi ti mch iu khin. Tn hiu ny khi
ng ng c, thng qua chui bnh rng, ni vi vn k. V tr ca trc vn k
cho bit v tr trc ra ca servo. Khi vn k t c v tr mong mun, mch iu
khin s tt ng c.
Hnh 18: Mt ng c SEVOR R/C kch thc chun in hnh trong m hnh my
bay v xe ua.
ng c servo c thit k quay c gii hn ch khng phi quay
lin tc nh ng c DC hay ng c bc. Mc d ta c th chnh ng c
servo R/C quay lin tc (s trnh by sau) nhng cng dng chnh ca ng c
servo l t c gc quay chnh xc trong khong t 90o 180o. Vic iu
khin ny c th ng dng li robot, di chuyn cc tay my ln xung, quay
mt cm bin qut khp phng
5.3. SEVOR v iu bin rng xung.
Trc ca ng c servo R/C c nh v nh vo k thut gi l i62u
bin rng xung (PWM). Trong h thng ny, servo l p ng ca mt dy
cc xung s n nh. C th hn, mch iu khin l p ng ca mt tn hiu s
c cc xung bin i t 1 2 ms. Cc xung ny c gi i 50 ln/giy. Ch
rng khng phi s xung trong mt giy iu khin servo m l chiu di ca cc
xung. Servo i hi khong 30 60 xung/giy. Nu s ny qua thp, chnh xc

v cng sut duy tr servo s gim.
Vi di xung 1 ms, servo c iu khin quay theo mt chiu (gi s l
chiu kim ng h nh hnh 19.
Hnh 19: iu bin rng xung.

Vi di xung xung 2 ms, servo quay theo chiu ngc li. K thut ny
cn c gi l t l s - chuyn ng ca servo t l vi tn hiu s iu khin
Cng sut cung cp cho ng c bn trong servo cng t l vi lch gia v tr
hin ti ca trc ra vi v tr n cn n. Nu servo gn v tr ch, ng c c
truyn ng vi tc thp. iu ny m bo rng ng c khng vt qu
im nh n. Nhng nu servo xa v tr ch n s c truyn ng vi vn
tc ti a n ch cng nhanh cng tt. Khi trc ra n v tr mong mun,
ng c gim tc. Qu trnh tng chng nh phc tp ny din ra trong khong
thi gian rt ngn - mt servo trung bnh c th quay
60o trong vng - giy.
V di xung c th thay i ty theo hng ch to nn ta phi chn servo
v my thu v tuyn thuc cng mt hng m bo s tng thch. i vi
robot, ta phi lm mt vi th nghim xc nh di xung ti u.
5.4 Vai tr ca vn k.
Vn k trong servo gi vai tr chnh trong vic cho php nh v tr ca trc ra.
Vn k c gn vo trc ra (trong mt vi servo, Vn k chnh l trc ra).
Bng cch ny, v tr ca Vn k phn nh chnh xc v tr trc ra ca servo. Ta

bit Vn k hot ng nh cung cp mt in p bin thin cho mch iu
khin.Khi cn chy bn trong Vn k chuyn ng, in th s thay i.
Mch iu khin trong servo so snh in th ny vi di cc xung s
a vo v pht tn hiu sai s nu in th khng ng. Tn hiu sai s ny t
l vi lch gia v tr ca Vn k v di ca tn hiu vo. Mch iu khin
s kt hp tn hiu sai s ny quay ng c. Khi in th ca Vn k v
di cc xung s bng nhau, tn hiu sai s c loi b v ng c ngng.
5.5. Cc gii hn quay.
Cc servo khc nhau gc quay c vi cng tn hiu 1 2 ms (hoc bt
k) c cung cp. Cc servo chun c thit k quay ti v lui t 90o
180o khi c cung cp ton b chiu di xung. Phn ln servo c th quay c
180o hay gn 180o.
Nu ta c iu khin servo vt qu nhng gii hn c hc ca n , trc ra ca
ng c s ng vt cn bn trong, dn n cc bnh rng b mi mn hay b r.
Hin tng ny ko di hn vi giy s lm bnh rng ca ng c b ph hy.
5.6. Cc loi v kch thc SEVOR c bit.

Ngoi servo kch thc chun dng trong robot v m hnh iu khin v
tuyn cn c cc loi servo R/C khc:
Servo t l / t l ln (quarter-scale / large-scale servo): kch thc gp
khong 2 ln servo chun, cng sut ln hn r, c dng trong cc m hnh
my bay ln nhng cng c th lm ng c cng sut tt cho robot.
Servo nh (mini-micro servo): kch thc nh hn khong 2 ln so vi servo
chun, khng mnh bng servo chun, dng nhng khng gian hp trong m
hnh my bay hay xe hi
Servo ti bum(sail minch servo): mnh nht, dng iu khin cc dy
thng ca bum nh v bum chnh trong m hnh thuyn bum.
Servo thu b phn h cnh(landing-gear retraction servo): dng thu b
phn h cnh trong m hnh my bay va v ln. Thit k b phn h cnh
thng i hi servo phi m bo gc quay t nht l 170o. Cc servo ny
thng nh hn kch thc chun v khng gian gii hn trong m hnh my
bay.
6. ng c bc
6.1. Khai nim
ng c bc co th c m ta nh la mt ng c in khng ng b
chuyn mach. Cu th, cac mu trong ng c la stato, va roto la nam chm vinh
cu hoc trong trng hp cua ng c bin t tr, la nhng khi rng lam bng
vt liu nhe co t tinh. Tt ca cac mach ao phai c iu khin bn ngoai bi b
iu khin, va c bit, cac ng c va b iu khin c thit k ng c co
th gi nguyn bt ky vi tri c inh nao cung nh la quay n bt ky vi tri nao. Hu
ht cac ng c bc co th chuyn ng tn s m thanh, cho phep chung quay
kha nhanh, va vi mt b iu khin thich hp, chung co th khi ng va dng lai
d dang cac vi tri bt ky.
Trong mt vai ng dung, cn la chon gia ng c servo va ng c bc.
Ca hai ng c nay u nh nhau vi co th xac inh c vi tri chinh xac, nhng
chung cung khac nhau mt s im. Servo motor oi hoi tin hiu hi tip anolog.
c bit, iu nay oi hoi mt b tc-c cung cp tin hiu hi tip v v tr ca
roto, v mt s mch phc tp iu khin s sai lch gia v tr mong mun v
v tr tc thi v lc dng qua ng c s dao ng tt dn.
la chn gia ng c bc v ng c sevor, phi xem xt mt s vn
v n ph thuc vo cc ng dng thc t.
ng c bc c th c dng trong cc h thng iu khin vng h n
gin; nhng h thng ny m bo cho h thng iu khin gia tc vi ti trng
tnh, nhng khi ti trng thay i hoc iu khin gia tc ln, ngi ta vn dng
h iu khin vng kn vi ng c bc. Nu mt ng c bc trong h iu
khin vng m qu ti, tt c cc gi tr v v tr ca ng c u b mt v h
thng phi nhn din li; sevor motor th khng sy ra vn ny.
6.2. Phn loi ng c bc.
ng c bc c chia lm 2 loi, nam chm vnh cu v bin t tr. Nu mt i
nhn trn ng c, chng ta vn c th phn bit hai loi ng c ny bng cm
gic m khng cn cp in cho chng. ng c nam chm vnh cu dng nh
c cc nc khi ta xoay nh roto ca chng, trong khi ng c c bin t tr th
dng nh xoay t do.
6.2.1. ng c bin t tr.
Hnh 20: ng c bin t tr.

Nu motor c 3 cun dy, c ni nh hnh 17, vi 1 u ni chung cho tt c cc
cun th n chc hn l mt ng c bin t tr,
Khi s dng, ni dy chung (c) thng c ni vo cc dng ca ngun v cc
cun c kch theo lin tc.
Roto ca ng c bin t tr quay 30 mi bc. rotor trong ng c ny c 4
rng v stator c 6 cc, mi cun qun quanh hai cc i din. khi cun 1 c
kch in, rng X ca roto s quay 30 theo chiu kim ng h. nu dng i qua
cun 1 b ngt v ng dng qua cun 2, roto s quay 30 theo chiu kim ng
h v rng Y s ht vo cc 2.
quay ng c ny mt cc lin tc, chng ta cn cp in p lin tc lun phin
cho 3 cun. Theo logic t ra, trong bng di y c 1 ngha l c dng in i
qua cc cun, v chui iu khin s quay ng c theo chiu kim ng h 24
bc hoc 2 vng.
Cun 1: 1001001001001001001001001
Cun 2: 0100100100100100100100100
Cun 3: 0010010010010010010010010
Thi gian
6.2.2. ng c n cc.
Hnh 21: ng c bc n cc.

ng c bc n cc, c nam chm vnh cu v ng c hn hp, vi 5,
6 hoc 8 dy ra thng c qun nh s hnh 18 vi mt u ni trung tm
trn cc cun. Khi dng, cc u ni trung tm thng c ni vo cc
dng ngun cp, v hai u cn li ca mi mu ln lt ni t o
chiu t trng to bi cun .
S khc nhau gia hai loi ng c nam chm vnh cu n cc v ng
c hn hp n cc khng th ni r trong ni dung tm tt ca ti liu ny.
T y, khi kho st ng c n cc, chng ta ch kho st ng c nam chm
vnh cu, vic iu khin ng c hn hp n cc hon ton tng t.
Mu 1 nm cc trn v di ca stator, cn mu 2 nm hai cc bn phi v
bn tri ng c. Rotor l mt nam chm vnh cu vi 6 cc, 3 Nam v 3 Bc,
xp xen k trn vng trn.
x l gc bc mc cao hn, rotor phi c nhiu cc i xng
hn. ng c 30 mi bc trong hnh l mt trong nhng thit k ng c
nam chm vnh cu thng dng nht, mc d ng c c bc 15 v 7.5
l kh ln. Ngi ta cng to ra c ng c nam chm vnh cu vi mi
bc l 1.8 v vi ng c hn hp mi bc nh nht c th t c l
3.6 n 1.8 , cn tt hn na, c th t n 0.72 .
`Nh trong hnh, dng in i qua t u trung tm ca mu 1 n u a to ra

Mu 1a 1000100010001000100010001
Mu 1a
1100110011001100110011001
Mu 1b 0010001000100010001000100
Mu 1b
0011001100110011001100110
Mu 2a 0100010001000100010001000
Mu 2a
0110011001100110011001100
Mu 2b 0001000100010001000100010
Mu 2b
1001100110011001100110011
cc Bc trong stator trong khi cc cn li ca stator l cc Nam. Nu in

mu 1 b ngt v kch mu 2, rotor s quay 30 , hay 1 bc. quay ng
c mt cch lin tc, chng ta ch cn p in vo hai mu ca ng c theo dy.
II. QU TRNH THC TP TI CNG TY
1. Ci t, lp t bin tn.
1.1. Ci t bin tn DELTA
VLFD007L21A
1.1.1. Thng s c bn.
Trn mi bin tn c nhng
thng s c bn sau: Qua nhng thng
s ny chng ta c th bit c phin
bn bin tn (A: standard, B: with EMI
Filter ), in p u vo l 220V hay
380V, 1 pha hay 3 pha, cng sut ng
c tng ng(v d: 007 tc l ng
Hnh 22: Bin tn Delta.
dng cho ng c 0.75kw, 015 l ng dng cho ng c 1.5kw), di tn s u ra.
y l nhng hng dn s dng u tin m chng ta phi quan tm ti.
1.1.2. S ni dy.
Di y l 2 s kt ni bin tn. Mi s p dng cho cc phin bn
c ghi trn hnh v. V d s 1 p dng vi bin tn: VDF002L11A,
VFD002L11B, VFD004L21B, . nh hnh 22 a,b.
a.
b.
Hnh 22: S ni dy.
Chng ta c th thy s cc chn kt ni ca bin tn. Chn U/T1, V/T2,
W/T3 l 3 chn kt ni vi ng c. R/L1, S/L2, T/L3 l 3 chn cp ngun( vi
in p 1 pha th ch cn 2 trong s 3 chn). Chn M0, M1 dng iu khin
ng c chy thun/nghch hoc start/stop (ty vo ch ci t) bng cng tc
ngoi. Chn AVI, GND, +10V(+15V) dng tng/gim tn s bng trit p.
Chn M2 dng reset bin tn bng cng tc ngoi. M2, M3 dng la chn
cc bc tn s, v d khi M2=1 th tn s l 20Hz, M3=1 tn s l 30Hz,
M2=M3=1 th tn s l 40Hz(cc tn s ny c ci t ty theo yu cu). Ngoi
ra chng ta c th ci t iu khin bin tn bng cc phm nhn v trit p trn
b mt ca bin tn.
Di y l s kt ni bng cc chn iu khin ngoi:
Hnh 23: S kt ni bng iu khin ngoi.

1.1.3. Cc thng s ci t c bn
* Cc phm ci t ca bin tn
ci t bin tn ta n phm PROG/DATA
v 2 phm tng gim n cc bc ci t
(v d 0-00,2-00,2-04). Sau khi ci t
xong n phm MODE ghi nh v kt thc
ci t. Khi ci t bin tn ta cn quan tm
n cc vn sau:
La chn in khin bng bn phm hay
bng cng tc ngoi.
iu khin bin tn bng phm nhn th ta la chn n bc 2-01 v ci t

bc 2-01 l d0, bng cng tc ngoi l d1. iu khin tn s bng trit p trn
drive hay trit p ngoi ta la chn bc 2-00: d0-trit p trn drive, d3-trit p
ngoi. Trong thc t th bin tn thng hay c t trong cc t in v th ta
phi iu khin bng cng tc v trit p ngoi.
* Ci t tn s, in ap u ra.
1-00: l bc ci t tn s s dng max. V d ta ci t bc 1-00 l 80 th

khi vn trit p ln mc ti a th tn s max l 80Hz. Tn s ny nm trong
khoang t 50~400Hz.
1-05 va 1-06 la tn s va in ap ra min.
1-02: la dai in ap u ra (t 2.5~255V).
Ngoai ra con co thng s cai t thi gian khi ng va thi gian tt ng c
(1-09, 1-10, 1-11, 1-12). Vi du ta mun ng c at c tc max (tn s ra
max) trong khoang thi gian 5s thi ta cai t thng s 1-09 la 5s va mun ng
c dng hoat ng trong vong 3s thi cai t thng s 1-10 la 3s.
* Ci t cho php chy thun-nghch.
Bin tn c ci t mc nh chy thun. ci t cho php ng c chy

thun- nghch ta chn bc ci t 2-04. d0-l cho php chy ngc; d1-l
khng cho php chy ngc; d2 l khng cho php chy thun
* t ch cho chn M0, M1, M2, M3
Bc 4-04 la cai t chn M0 va M1.

-d1: khi M0=1 thi ng c chay thun, M0=0 thi dng ng c. Khi M1=1 thi
ng c chay ngc, M1=0 thi dng ng c.
-d2: M0 la cai t RUN/STOP, M1 la cai t thun/nghich.
Bc 4-05 cai t chn M2: d6 la RESET, d7 va d8 la cai t hoat ng cac
bc tn s c inh. Cac tn s nay c cai t bc 5:
5-00: cai t tn s buoc 1. Khi M2=1 thi tn s u ra se la tn s cai t

bc 5-00 nay. 5-01 la tn s bc 2, ap dung khi M3=1. 5-02 la tn s bc
3, ap dung khi M2=M3=1.
Bc 4-06 cai t M3: d7, d8 ging nh M2.
cai t cac chn M1, M2, M3 la NC hay NO thi ta la chon thng s d4,
d5.
1.1.4. ng dng trin khai.

ci t bin tn DELTA VFDLS21A cho cng ty cng ty
SIVICO khu cng nghip vnh nim Hi Phng, cng ty Vn nam 56
Nguyn Chnh, Tn Mai, Hong, Mai H Ni
2. Bin tn cua ABB (ACS150,ACS350
Hnh 24: Bin tn ABB.

Cung ging nh bin tn Delta, trn thn cua bin tn ACS cung co cac
thng s hng dn c ban v in ap u vao/ra la 1 pha hay 3 pha, 220 hay
380V, cng sut ap dung cho ng c tng ng (0,75kW, 1.1kW).
C th thy trn thn bin tn cn c dng ch: ACS150-03E-08A8-4. ngha:

-ACS150: phin bn bin tn.
-03E: 03 l 3 pha cn 01 l 1 pha, E-tn s u vo l 50Hz cn U l 60Hz.

-08A8: dng ra max l 8.8A.
-4: in p ra l t 380~480VAC, 2: in p ra l t 200~220VAC.
2.1 S kt ni
Hnh 25: S kt ni ca ABB.

-INPUT: l chn in p u vo.

-OUTPUT: chn kt ni vi ng c.
Ngoi ra cn cc chn kt ni iu khin:
iu khin cc chn ny cn ph thuc vo vic ci t cc ch thng

s 9902 nh hnh v sau:
* Hnh 26: 9902=1.
Hnh 26: Kt ni ngoi vi thng s 9902 t bng 1.

.-DI1=0 l Stop,DI1=1 l Start.
-DI2=0 l quay thun, DI2=1 l quay ngc.
-DI3 v DI4 l 2 chn chn cc bc tn s (cc mc logic nh trong bng),
tn s cc bc ny ty do ta ci t.
-Chn 2, 3, 4 (AI, GND, 24V): kt ni bin tr iu khin tn s u ra.

-Chn 5, 6 ni tt.
-Chn 12, 13, 14 l chn ra Rle. 12-13: thng ng, 12-14: thng m.
* Hnh 27: 9902=2.
Hnh 27: Kt ni ngoi vi thng s 9902 bng 2.

Nh ch 9902=1, chc nng cc chn nh trong bng.
* Hnh 28: 9902=3
ch ny khi DI1=1 th ng c s bt u chy v quay thun, khi DI2=1

ng c s bt u chy v quay ngc. Nu DI1=0, DI2=0 hoc DI1=DI2 th
ng c s dng hot ng.
*Hnh 29: 9902=4.

Ch ny ta c th thay i tn s u ra chn DI3 v DI4 bng nt
nhn.Cn lu : nu mc logic chn DI3=DI4 th ta khng th tng/gim
c tn s.
* Hnh 30: 9902=5.

Trn y l 5 ch ci t hot ng cho cc chn iu khin bin tn (iu
khin bng cng tc hay nt nhn ngoi). Chc nng cc chn c tng qut
trong bng sau:
2.2. Hng dn ci t.
2.2.1. Trc tin ta quan st cc phm ci t:
Mun chn ch iu khin bng cc phm bm hay iu khin bng cng tc

ngoi th ta n phm LOC/REM v quan st trn mn hnh pha gc trn cng
bn tri ( v tr 1a tren hnh v): LOC-iu khin bng bn phm, REM- iu

khin bng cng tc ngoi. Nu iu khin bng cng tc ngoi th ta cn ci
t thng s 9902 nh sau: ci t, u tin ta n phm ENTER (v tr s 3
trn hnh). Sau s dng phm ln, xung (phm 4, 5) la chn ch n khi
mn hnh hin dng ch Par L. Tip tc n ENTER la chn cc bc
thng s ci t (99xx,10xx,11xx). Lc ny trn mn hnh s hin th cc con
s. vo thng s 9902 ta s dng phm tng/gim (phm 4, 5) n khi mn
hnh hin th s 99 th n ENTER. Mn hnh s hin 9901. n phm tng n
thng s 9902. n v gi phm ENTER trong 3s ( khi mn hnh hin dng ch
SET). Sau ta s la chn ci t 9902 =1, 2, 3, 4 hay 5 l ty mc ch yu
cu. Cui cng n ENTER kt thc. Mun thot ra ngoi th n EXIT (phm
2).
V d ci t iu khin 1 cu trc: n nt nhn 1 th cu trc di chuyn

sang tri, n nt nhn 2 th cu trc di chuyn sang phi. Nu khng n nt
nhn hoc n c 2 nt nhn th cu trc ng yn. p ng yu cu ny ta
cn ci thng s 9902=3. S cc chn:
Theo s , khi ng cng tc DI1 th ng c s chy v quay thun. Khi

ng DI2 th ng c s chy v quay ngc. Nu khng ng cng tc DI1,
DI2 hay ng c 2 th ng c khng chy. Nh vy p ng c yu cu.
Gi s ta chn 9902=5 hay 9902=1 th khng th p ng yu cu iu khin
cu trc.
Tip theo l cc thng s ci t khc.
2.2.2. START/STOP:
Start/Stop bng cng tc ngoi qua cc chn DI1, DI2, ta cn la ti
thng s 1001 v ci t theo bng hng dn sau:
-Nu 1001=1 khi ta ch Start/Stop bin tn bng chn DI1: 0=Stop,

1=Start. V lc ny ng c ch c th chy thun-FORWARD (ci t
thun/ngc l thng s 1003).
-Nu 1001=2: DI1 l Start/Stop, DI2 l thun/nghch.
-Tng t ta xem trong bng.
*Ci t Thun/Ngc (FORWARD/REVERSE).
Thng s 1003:
1003= 1: quay thun.

2: quay ngc.
3: c th quay thun hay ngc ty .
2. Ci t b m RC102C.
RC102C l sn phm c thit k m sn phm hoc o chiu di sn
phm do cng ty SELEC ca n sn xut.
SELEC l cng ty ca n sn xut v phn phi cc sn phm nh PID
Controllers, Hotrunner Controllers, timer, rate metter, PLC, digital panel
metter.
SELEC c hn 50 nh phn phi khp n , mang li hn 20 nh phn
phi y quyn trn th gii, 40 bn hng v h tr k thut, sn phm thit k
vt qua tiu chun quc t EMC.
Hng dn k thut RC102C:
* Hin th LED 7 thanh, m n
999.99, 9999.9, 99999.
Tnh nng:
y l ng h m p dng m sm phm v o chiu di; hin th 1
dng 6 Led (Led 7 thanh) vi 1 hoc 2 s sau du phy:
Ngun nui 90-270 VAC/DC 50-60Hz, khi lng 250gram, cp ngun
sesor +12V-30mA. Kch thc:
2.1 s chn kt ni.
Chc nng cc chn c ch thch trong bng trn. Cc chn cn quan tm:
-2, 4, 6: y l 3 chn kt ni vi Sensor (cm bin in dung).
-1, 2, 3: la chn kiu PNP hay NPN ca Sensor (cm bin in dung).
-L, N: chn ni ngun.
-9, 10: l 2 chn ci t.
-5, 6: 2 chn Reset ngoi bng cng tc.
-4: chn +12V; 6: chn GND.
2.2.Nguyn l hot ng ca ng h
ng h c kt ni vi 1 cm bin in dung(Sensor t). Khi c kim loi gn
Sensor (khong cch pht hin kim loi khong 0.5mm) th ng h s m. Mi
ln m tng bao nhiu n v l do vic ci t h s m. H s m mc nh
ca ng h l 1, tc l mi ln m ng h s tng 1 n vi (tng t 1 ln 2, ln
3,..).
2.3. Kt ni vi cm bin in cm.

Sensor t c 3 dy kt ni: Red, Grn, Black hoc Brown, Black, Blue.
Cch kt ni vi RC102C c m t theo s sau:
2.4. Ci t
tin hnh ci t ta cn ni chn 9, 10 vi nhau. Sau s dng 3 phm
trn ng h l phm PRG, phm tng v phm R/T ci t (hnh v).
C 3 bng thng s cn quan tm.

H s m.
Khi ni chn 9, 10 vi nhau v cp ngun cho ng h, mn hnh s hin

1.00000 v nhp nhy s 1. H s m mc nh l 1(1.00000). thay i h s
m ta n phm tng. Tip theo s dng phm PRG chuyn v tr Led. V d ta

mun thay i h s m ln 2 th n phm tng( mn hnh hin th 2.00000), ln
3.14 th n phm tng n khi mn hnh hin th 3.00000 th n phm PRG
chuyn ti v tr s 0 u tin v n tng ln 1, tip tc n PRG chuyn sang v
tr s 0 th 2 v n tng ln 4. Mn hnh lc ny s hin th 3.14000 v khi hot
ng th mi ln m s tng 3.14 n v (vi h s nhn l 1, h s nhn c th
thay i). H s m c th ci t l t 0.00000 n 9.99999(t 0 n 9,99999).
Ci t hin th.
RC102 ch c th hin th 2 s sau du phy. Thc t th chng ta cng ch
cn chnh xc ti 2 s phn thp phn l . Ta s dng phm R/T vo
phn thng s ny (xem bng hng dn):
Sau s dng phm tng la chn:
-1: tc l hin th s nguyn.
-0.1: hin th 1 s phn thp phn.
-0.01: hin th 2 s phn thp phn.
H s nhn ca h s m.
Nh trnh by trn, h s m max
l 9,99999 vy khi ta mun c h s
m cao hn nh 20, 35 vv th
phn ci t h s m s khng th
p ng. V vy cn c phn h s nhn ny. V d ta mun h s m l
20,5. Lc ny ta s ci t h s m l 2.05 v h s nhn l 10.
y l bng thng s:
- 0: h s nhn l 1.
- 1: h s nhn l 10.
- 2 : h s nhn l 100.
- -3: h s nhn l 0.001.
- -2: h s nhn l 0.01.
- -1: h s nhn l 0.1.
Lu : sau khi ci t xong ta cn ngt ngun cp v ct dy ni chn 9, 10.

Sau mi c th a vo s dng.
2.5. ng dng
ng dng u tin ca ng h l m sn phm. Sau cc bc ci t trn
l ta c th s dng. Sn phm phi bng kim loi do ta ang s dng cm
bin in dung. Vi cm bin quang th ta c th m mi loi sn phm.
Mt ng dng na ca ng h l o chiu di ca cc cun dy, giy, bao
b trong cc nh my sn xut giy , bao b. Thc cht vn l ng dng m.
ng dng c m t trong hnh sau:
Khi bnh rng quay c 1 vng th
chiu di cun dy chy qua bnh rng
chnh bng chu vi ca vng trn bnh
rng. Nh vy o c chiu di c
cun dy th ta s m s vng quay
ca bnh rng ri nhn vi chu vi ca
vng trn bnh rng.
V d chu vi ca vng trn bnh rng l
50cm. Nh vy mi mt vng quay th
ta s o c chiu di dy l 50cm. y chnh l h s m ta phi ci t
cho ng h. Sau ta lp t Sensor m s vng quay ca bnh rng.
Thc t ta thng lp Sensor phn st ngoi ca bnh rng sai s l
thp nht v ta phi gn mt nam chm nh ln bnh rng th Sensor mi
xc nh c s vng quay. V bnh rng cng bng kim loi dn n
Sensor s lun lun nhn c tn hiu hoc khng nhn c khi khoang
cch ln hn 0.5mm. Nhng khi gn nam chm th Sensor ch nhn c tn
hiu v tr gn nam chm. Ta c th thay nam chm bng mt cc kim loi
nh.
3. i thc t ti cc cng ty.

- Lp trnh PLC v ci t bin tn ti cng ty c phn SIVICO khu cng
nghip Nim Ngha, qun L Chn, Hi Phng.
- Ci t bin tn DELTA ti cng ty Vn Nam 56 Nguyn chnh, Tn Mai,
Hong mai, H ni.
- Ci t bin tn ABB cho cng ty sn xut INOX Thun Pht Hng Yn.
- i thc t, xem sa ch h thng ko v qun cp quang ti nh my sn xut
cp Thng Long, khu cng nghip Ph Ni, Hng Yn.
- Nhn v giao hng ti cc cng ty: c phn thng mi v t ng ha ADI,
Cng ty c phn t ng ha ng Dng, Cng ty TNHH Thng mi c in
T ng Ho ATC, Cng ty TNHH PANA.
- Ci t v lp b o di cho nh my bao b Thng Tn H Ni.

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B CNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP H NI

Sinh vin thc hin:

Trng: i Hc Cng Nghip H Ni.

H Ni, thng 4 nm 2010.

Sinh Vn: L Vn Long. Lp: H CNKT T2-K1

NHN XT CA N V THC TP.

i Hc Cng Nghip H Ni.

a im thc tp: Cng Ty c phn t ng ha cng nghip SISIA.vn

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN.

H v tn sinh vin: L Vn Long..................................................................

L mt sinh vin ngnh k thut chun b ra trng, qu trnh thc tp l

i sau khi ra trng. Qu trnh thc tp cng l mt th nghim trong qu trnh tm

PHN 1: KHI QUT CHUNG V CNG TY.

a ch: S 8 Ph Yn Lc - Phng Vnh Tuy - Qun Hai B Trng H Ni.

SISIA.VN nh phn phi thit b in, t ng ha cng nghip.

. Thit b o iu khin nhit

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Hnh 1: Cc sn phm cng ty cung cp

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Hnh 2: cc gii php thc hin ca cng ty.

Hnh 3: sa cha v bo tr.

II. CC GII PHP CA CNG TY

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* Khi cha lp bin tn

- Tc ca ng c c thay i mm (v cp) ph hp vi nhiu sn phm

III. KHCH HNG TIU BIU

* Cng ty ORION HANEL

* Cty TNHH Toyoda Goise Hi Phng

* Cng ty C phn Tam Kim

* Cng ty Vit M - Exxon Mobile

* Cng ty c phn Sng - Thng Long

* Tng Cty bo m hot ng bay VN

* Cty c phn Rng Vng Minh Ngc

* Cng ty Bia H Ty (Heineken, Tiger)

* Cng ty SATO Vit Nam

* Cng ty TNHH MK Science

* Cty cng nghip tu thy Thanh Ha

* Cng ty Rorze Robotech

* Cng ty c phn tp on Minh Tm

* Cng ty c phn Vietcom

* Cty May s 2 - Tng cng ty Sng

* Cng ty OSIV Vit Nam

* Cng ty TNHH May mc Viet Pacific

* Cng ty May Phng Tho

* Cty TNHH vt t thit b KT H Ty

* Cng ty c phn cao su Telin

* Cty CP SX my tnh SARA - VNPC

* Cng ty Nha T Phng

* Cng ty TNHH Nha V Hng

* Cng ty cp Thng Long

* TT dch v thng tin KHKT ngnh in

* Cng ty c phn Trng An

*Cty TNHH Toyota Boshoku Hi Phng

* Cng ty TNHH Austfeed Vit Nam

* Cng ty c phn tp on pht trin cng ngh v u t - GS Group

Sinh Vn: L Vn Long. Lp: H CNKT T2-K1

PHN 2: QU TRNH NGHIN CU, LM VIC KHI THC TP TI

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Nguyn l chung ca loi bin tn ny l dng my in xoay chiu lm ngun

Sinh Vn: L Vn Long. Lp: H CNKT T2-K1

* VFD - B Series dng cho ti nng: Ph hp vi hu ht cc ng dng, cc

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iu khin PLC s gim st cc tn hiu vo v cc tn hiu vo v cc tn hiu ra