.

LI NI U
Trong qu trnh hc tp v rn luyn ti Khoa Cu ng - Trng i hc Xy
dng chng em c trang b nhng kin thc, k nng lm vic trong ngnh xy
dng cu ng. Tuy nhin khng b b ng khi ra trng, BCN Khoa - B mn
ng t v ng th cho chng em c hi tip xc vi mi trng lm
vic thc t, t kt hp vi l thuyt hc c ci nhn khch quan v cc vn
lin quan n ngnh xy dng cu ng c bit l chuyn ngnh ng.
Thc tp chnh l c hi cho chng em tip cn thc t, p dng nhng l thuyt
hc trong nh trng vo cng vic thc t, cng l c hi cho chng em quan st
hc hi phong cch,kinh nghim lm vic, bc u lm quen vi cc cng vic ca
mt k s cu ng. y cng l c hi tt chng em c thm kin thc v ti
liu phc v cho nhim v thit k n tt nghip, tch ly kin thc chuyn mn
cn thit trong khi c v lm vic ti cng ty thc tp.
Qua thi gian thc tp hn mt thng ti Cng ty c phn cng ngh Ban Vit
chng em rt ra c nhiu kinh nghim thit k ng thc t cng nh nhng
kin thc mi v lnh vc ng dng phn mm ADS Civil Series trong kho st,
thit k ng.
c c nhng kinh nghim qu bu trc ht chng em xin chn thnh
cm n cc thy c trong khoa Cu ng ging dy cho chng em nhng kin
thc c bn, c bit chng em xin cm n thy TS. NGUYN VIT PHNG,
GV. INH XUN HON tn tnh hng dn chng em trong qu trnh thc tp,
bn cnh chng em xin gi li cm n chn thnh ti cc anh ch trong cng ty
c phn Bn Vit to mi iu kin thun li gip chng em trong qu trnh
thc tp va qua
Trong qu trnh lm thc tp v bo co v cn thiu kinh nghim thc t v trnh
chuyn mn c hn,nn khng trnh c nhng thiu st.Rt mong c s
ng gp ca cc thy c v cc bn nghin cu ca chng em c hon thin
hn
XIN CHN THNH CM N !
H Ni ngy 20 thng 9 nm 2012

MC LC
LI NI U..............................................................................................................1
MC LC....................................................................................................................2
PHN I......................................................................................................................... 5
GII THIU V N V THC TP........................................................................5
I.1GII THIU CHUNG CNG TY.......................................................................5
I.2LCH S PHT TRIN......................................................................................5
I.3THC TRNG CNG TY..................................................................................6
I.4SN PHM DCH V.....................................................................................6
I.4.1PHN MM KHO ST A HNH ADS SURVEY................................6
I.4.1.1Gii thiu chung v phn mm...............................................................6
I.4.1.2 i tng khch hng...........................................................................6
I.4.1.3Mi trng tch hp...............................................................................6
I.4.2PHN MM KHO ST A HNH ADS ROAD.....................................7
I.4.2.1Gii thiu chung v phn mm...............................................................7
I.4.2.2i tng khch hng............................................................................7
I.4.2.3Mi trng tch hp...............................................................................7
I.4.3PHN MM KHO ST A HNH ADS LEVEL....................................7
I.4.3.1Gii thiu chung v phn mm...............................................................7
I.4.3.2i tng khch hng............................................................................7
I.4.3.3Mi trng tch hp...............................................................................7
I.5A CH DOWLOAD PHN MM....................................................................7
I.6CCH THC CI T PHN MM................................................................8
PHN II......................................................................................................................12
NI DUNG THU HOCH TRONG QU TRNH THC TP...............................12
bi TON 1................................................................................................................. 13
THIT K TUYN NG T BNH NG NG MC........................13
I. S LIU U VO..........................................................................................13
II. TRNH T THIT K.....................................................................................13

BC 1 : TO MI M HNH A HNH.....................................................14
BC 2: A D LIU NG NG MC VO M HNH A HNH
............................................................................................................................ 16
BC 3-V NG BAO A HNH............................................................18
BC 4-HIU CHNH M HNH...................................................................21
BC 5-V LI TAM GIC........................................................................27
BC 6-THIT K TUYN............................................................................29
BC 7- B TR NG CONG V SIU CAO.........................................32
BC 8- PHT SINH CC TRN TUYN....................................................34
BC 9- HIU CHNH CC TRN TUYN..................................................37
BC 10-KHAI BO MU BNG TRC DC............................................39
BC 12-THIT K NG ...................................................................43
BC 13-THIT K NG CONG NG.................................................45
BC 14-IN THIT K TRC DC..........................................................45
BC 16-V TRC NGANG T NHIN.......................................................49
BC 17-THIT K TRC NGANG..............................................................51
BC 18-IN THIT K TRC NGANG....................................................53
BC 19 P KHUN NG....................................................................55
BC 20 TNH DIN TCH..........................................................................57
BI TON 2............................................................................................................... 60
THIT K TUYN NG T S LIU S O..................................................60
BC 1- NHP S LIU T FILE TON C IN T ( *.txt )..................61
BC 2- TO MI M HNH A HNH..........................................................63
BC 3- A D LIU IM O VO M HNH A HNH......................64
BC 4 - V NG NG MC...................................................................66
BI TON 3............................................................................................................... 67
THIT K, TNH TON SAN NN.........................................................................67
BC 1- A S LIU U VO.....................................................................67
BC 2- vCH BIN L O P...................................................................68
BC 3- XY DNG M HNH T NHIN.....................................................68
BC 4- tO B MT THIT K.......................................................................70
BC 5- TO LI VUNG TNH TON SAN NN..................................70
3

BC 6- GN RANH GII O P...............................................................72

BC 7- THIT LP THNG S SAN NN.....................................................72
BC 8- GN CAO .......................................................................................73
BC 9- TNH O P LI VUNG......................................................74
BC 10- HIN TH KT QU TNH TON....................................................74
10.1. Cao nt li..........................................................................................74
10.2. Cao nt bin..........................................................................................75
10.3. K hiu o p.........................................................................................75
10.4. K hiu o p li...............................................................................76
10.5. K hiu o p hng, ct..........................................................................77
BC 11- XUT BNG KHI LNG.............................................................78
11.1. Xut bng khi lng hng, ct.................................................................78
11.2. Xut bng khi lng li......................................................................79
BC 12- TNH TON O P TALUY SAN NN......................................80
I-HIU CHNH TUYN........................................................................................82
II-THIT K NHIU LOI MT CT NGANG.................................................84
II.1-Thit k mt ct ngang ng th............................................................84
III- h TR CM BIN BO GIAO THNG.....................................................89
III.1- Cm bin bo giao thng...........................................................................89
III.2 - Thng k s lng bin bo giao thng....................................................90
PHN IV....................................................................................................................91
NHN XT, NH GI, BI HC RT RA T T THC TP......................91
III.1- BI HC, KINH NGHIM THU C SAU QU TRNH THC TP. 91
III.2-NH GI TNG QUAN V PHN MM, KH NNG NG DNG
PHN MM TRONG LNH VC THIT K NG......................................92

PHN I
GII THIU V N V THC TP
I.1GII THIU CHUNG CNG TY
Tn cng ty : Cng ty c phn cng ngh Ban Vit
Tn ting anh: Viet Buddy joint stock Company
Tn vit tt : Viet Buddy JSC
Ngay thanh lp : 29/06/2010
Linh vc chinh : San xut, kinh doanh va cung cp cac dich vu phn mm
Tr s chnh
: P515, nh F8, ng 328 Nguyn Tri, phng Thanh Xun, qun
Thanh Xun, H Ni
Vn phng giao dch: Tng 5, ta nh HH3, khu o th mi M nh-M Tr, T
Lim, H Ni
I.2LCH S PHT TRIN
Cng ty c phn cng ngh Ban Vit c thanh lp vi inh hng phat trin trong
linh vc cng ngh thng tin. Giai oan 1 tp trung muc tiu chim linh thi phn
khng ch trong thi trng phn mm khao sat thit k ha tng (thit k san nn, thit
k ng giao thng, ) la linh vc ma ngun nhn lc hin co ang co rt nhiu
kinh nghim. Sau hn 1 nm hoat ng, cng ty a at c cac mc muc tiu quan
trong:
- Ngay 29 thang 6 nm 2011 thanh lp cng ty vi s vn iu l 1.000.000.000 (mt
ty ng) va 5 thanh vin sang lp. ng ao Vit Cng gi cng vi chu tich HQT,
ng Nguyn Thanh Binh c b nhim lam giam c iu hanh.
- Ngay 1 thang 3 nm 2011 m cng thng tin in t cua cng ty tai ia chi
www.vietbuddytech.com Hin tai mi ngay lun co khoang 50 khach ving thm.
- Ngay 28 thang 3 nm 2011 chinh thc cung cp goi san phm ADS Civil series gm
2 san phm ADS Road Thit k ng va ADS Survey Khao sat ia hinh. Goi san
phm c cung cp vi 2 phin ban la thng mai va dung th. Ngay trong ngay u
tin ra mt a co 143 khach hang tai v ban dung th. Tinh n 7-2011 a co tng
cng gn 1000 khach hang tai v dung th.
- Ngay 15 thang 4 nm 2011 ban c san phm u tin cho cng ty c phn t vn
xy dng A Chu (Vit Tri Phu Tho)
- Thang 6 nm 2011 m rng cng ty, nng s vn iu l ln 2.000.000.000 (hai ty
ng) va b sung thm 1 thanh vin trong hi ng quan tri.
5

- Thang 8 nm 2012 m rng cng ty, b sung thm 1 thanh vin trong hi ng quan
tri
I.3THC TRNG CNG TY
- Sau gn 1 nm xy dng phat trin san phm ADS Civil series a xut ban c
phin ban u tin. o la bc u thanh cng bi san phm co sc canh tranh trn thi
trng va cung co mt s lng khach hang nht inh.
- San phm ang tip tuc nng cp va hoan thin tng sc canh tranh trn thi
trng.
- C cu nhn s ang trong thi ky iu chinh can cn san xut va kinh doanh. Thi
im cng ty bt u thanh lp, ty l nhn s la san xut 80% - kinh doanh 20%. Hin
tai ang chuyn dich c san xut 60% - kinh doanh 40%. Tin ti at ty l 40% san
xut kinh doanh 60%. Ngun nhn lc kinh doanh con thiu se tuyn dung mi,
khng chuyn i t can b san xut sang can b kinh doanh.
- Kt qua kinh doanh cha ap ng ky vong va cha phan anh ung thi trng. San
phm a ban c nhng s lng cha ang k do cha co k hoach marketing va
cha co chinh sach ban hang linh hoat cho cac loai i tng khach hang khac nhau.
I.4SN PHM DCH V

I.4.1PHN MM KHO ST A HNH ADS SURVEY

I.4.1.1Gii thiu chung v phn mm
La phn mm h tr bin tp ban ia hinh, tr giup ngi dung bin tp kt qua o
ac sau khi co d liu o ac ngoai hin trng n khi xut ban h s khao sat ia
hinh.

I.4.1.2 i tng khch hng

- Cac cng ty t vn khao sat thit k xy dng, quy hoach, giao thng, thuy li,
- Cac ban quan ly d an
- Nha thu thi cng xy dng

I.4.1.3Mi trng tch hp

- i vi cac n vi chi chuyn khao sat co th s dung nh 1 ng dung c lp
- i vi cac n vi thit k co th s dung nh 1 ng dung nn h tr cho cac
phn mm khac trong goi san phm ADS Civil Series.

I.4.2PHN MM KHO ST A HNH ADS ROAD

I.4.2.1Gii thiu chung v phn mm
- La phn mm thit k ng giao thng, tr giup ngi dung thit k tuyn ng
trn mt ct doc, ct ngang va m hinh 3D

I.4.2.2i tng khch hng

- Cac cng ty t vn khao sat thit k xy dng, quy hoach, giao thng, thuy li,
- Cac ban quan ly d an
- Nha thu thi cng xy dng

I.4.2.3Mi trng tch hp

- i vi cac n vi thit k co th s dung nh 1 ng dung c lp hoc chay cng
ADS Survey lam nn c h tr tt hn.

I.4.3PHN MM KHO ST A HNH ADS LEVEL

I.4.3.1Gii thiu chung v phn mm
- La phn mm thit k va tinh toan khi lng san nn.

I.4.3.2i tng khch hng

- Cac cng ty t vn khao sat thit k xy dng, quy hoach, giao thng, thuy li,
- Cac ban quan ly d an
- Nha thu thi cng xy dng

I.4.3.3Mi trng tch hp

- i vi cac n vi chi chuyn khao sat co th s dung nh 1 ng dung c lp
- i vi cac n vi thit k co th s dung nh 1 ng dung c lp hoc chay cung
ADS Survey lam nn c h tr tt hn.
I.5A CH DOWLOAD PHN MM
- Hin nay cng ty cung cp c bn dng th v bn thng mi. Cc bn c th vo
a ch www.vietbuddytech.com/taive/taivebandungthu s dng. Hoc ti v bn
thng mi v lin h vi cng ty mua kha v dng bn chnh thc

I.6CCH THC CI T PHN MM

- Tng t nh cc phn mm bnh thng khc. Phn mm ADS_SURVEY ci t
rt n gin. Hin nay phin bn mi nht 6/8/2012 cng ch c dung lng 31.3 MB,
nh hn rt nhiu so vi cc phn mm thit k khc.
- Sau khi dowload v gii nn file ta c cc file con. Cc bn kch chut vo mc
file Setup.exe bt u qu trnh ci t

-Tip tc chn next > tip tc qu trnh ci t

-Ln lt nh vy ta s hon thnh trnh ci t

-Sau khi ci t xong trn mn hnh my tnh xut hin 3 biu tng l ADS Staup,
ADS Civil Series, Hardlock Info.exe

+ Chng trnh ADS Staup la chn nn cho chng trnh chy. Lu l Phn
mm ADS CIVIL SERIES chy trn nn AUTOCAD t phin bn 2007 tr i v vy
trn my tnh phi c AUTOCAD t phin bn 2007

+ Chng trnh Hardlock Info.exe kim tra xem bn cm kha ca phn mm

vo cha. Lu l nu s dng bn dng th th khng cn quan tm n phn ny
+ Chng trnh ADSCivil Series. y l chng trnh chnh ca phn mm. s
dng phn mm ta chy chng trnh ny. Sau khi chy chng trnh ta c vng lm

10

vic vi 3 menu chnh trn thanh cng c gm : ADS_SURVEY, ADS_ROAD,

ADS_LEVEL

11

PHN II
NI DUNG THU HOCH TRONG QU TRNH THC TP
Trong thi gian thc tp ti cng ty nhm nghin cu chng ti tp trung nghin
cu phn mm ADS CIVIL SERIES v cch thc s dng, nhng u im ca phn
mm so vi cc phn mm thit k hin hnh. y l phn mm c rt nhiu tnh
nng ni tri tr gip cho cc k s c th thit k mt cch d dng v nhanh chng
nht.
Do y l b phn mm mi,thi gian nghin cu khng nhiu nn nhm nghin
cu phn mm chng ti xin gii thiu 2 phn nghin cu ca nhm
*Trnh by trnh t 3 bi ton thit k c bn
+ Bi ton 1 : Thit k tuyn ng t bnh ng ng mc
+ Bi ton 2 : Thit k tuyn ng t file kho st bng my ton c in t
(file.txt)
+ Bi ton 3 : Thit k,tnh ton san nn
*Trnh by nhng im ni bt ca phn mm so vi cc phn mm hin hnh,
thit k cc mt ct ngang in hnh

12

BI TON 1
THIT K TUYN NG T BNH NG NG MC
I. S LIU U VO
- iu kin t nhin vng yu cu thit k tuyn c cho di dng cc ng ng
mc trn bn giy. Ta c th chuyn bnh giy ln dng file dng phn mm
thit k bng cch scan bnh giy thnh file nh,a file v ng t l thc t, dng
lnh PL t li cc ng ng mc, nh ngha cao cc ng ng mc. y l
cng vic rt quen thuc vi cc sinh vin ngnh ng nn nhm khng gii thiu
chi tit vo y
- Yu cu thit k tuyn, cp hng tuyn thit k
Tuyn c inh nghia trn binh co u im la tn dung s liu t binh s,
khng mt thi gian thu thp s liu trc doc trc ngang ngoai hin trng nhng
nhc im la s liu khng co chinh xac cao, do vy thng chi c dung trong
bc thit k c s, sinh vin tp lm n do cha c iu kin kho st thc t
( chinh xac s liu trc doc trc ngang khng oi hoi qua chinh xac)
II. TRNH T THIT K
-Sau khi a bnh s ha vo chng trnh ta c c giao din ca chng
trnh nh sau:

13

thit k tuyn A1-B1 nh yu cu ta ln lt lm nh sau:

BC 1 : TO MI M HNH A HNH
- M hinh ia hinh (MHH) la mt i tng m hinh hoa b mt (t nhin hoc
thit k) trn c s tam giac hoa cac d liu im, ng ri rac.

-MHH la c s ni suy cao , ve mt ct ia hinh va ve ng ng mc ia

hinh.
- i tng c s xy dng MHH la cac i tng cua chng trinh tao ra (im
o, ng ng mc ia hinh) hoc cac i tng cua AutoCad. Tuy theo tng loai
i tng va cach thc tham gia vao m hinh ia hinh cua cac loai i tng se tao ra
cac m hinh ia hinh khac nhau. Trong bi ton ny i tng ca MHH l cc
ng ng mc s ha cao
*Thc hin: (Lnh tt : CDTM )
-Kich phai chut vao

trn panel chinh cua chng trinh

14

Chn menu To mi m hnh a hnh.

Nhp tn m hnh ( ty chn t tn )

Nhp thng s m t m hnh
Nhp tn layer cha m hnh vo

n
chp nhn hoc n ESC huy lnh
Kt qu ta c tn MHH trn panel ca chng trnh

15

*Note:Thm mi MHH tao ra mt MHH mi, m hinh nay mi chi co tn m

hinh va danh muc cac loai i tng ch cha co i tng nao tham gia.V vy bc
tip theo ta phi a d liu ng ng mc vo MHH
BC 2: A D LIU NG NG MC VO M HNH A HNH
*Thc hin :
a-Thm ng ng mc a hnh (Lnh tt ADDCM )
+ Kich phai chut vao muc
trong danh sach cc i tng
cua MHH cn thm cac ng ng mc ( DDM ) trn Panel chinh sau o kich
chon menu

+ Qut chn ton b ng Polyline chon lam DDM trn bnh ban
u.Nhn

16

+Kichphai chut vaotn M hinh va lp,chonmenu

nht cac DDM vao m hinh

cp

17

b-Ngoi ra chng ta c th loi DDM khng cn thit hoc ton b DDM (tng
t nh thm DDM ) ta lm nh sau:
+ Kich phai chut vao muc
trong danh sach i tng cua
MHH cn loai cac DDM trn Panel chinh sau o kich chon menu
loi b 1 s DDM hoc menu
loi b ton b
DDM
+Kichphai chut vao tn M hinh va lp,chonmenu
nht li

cp

BC 3-V NG BAO A HNH

+ ng bao ia hinh la mt trong s cac i tng c s xy dng ia hinh. No la
ranh gii bn ngoai cua ia hinh.
+ i tng xac inh ng bao la Polyline khep kin.

18

+Mi m hinh ia hinh chi co mt ng bao ia hinh duy nht (1 gii han ngoai).
Moi i tng nm ngoai ng bao se khng c tham gia m hinh.
*Thc hin
- Trc tin ta v ng bao m hnh bng lnh PL
a-Thm ng bao ( Lnh tt ADDBM )
+Kich phai chut vao muc

trong danh sach i tng cua MHH

cn thm ng bao trn Panel chinh sau o kich chon menu

+Chon vao ng Polyline trn ban ve.

19

+ Kich phai chut vao M hinh, chon menu

cp nht ng

bao vao m hinh.

b-Loai ng bao (tng t nh thm ng bao) ta lm nh sau :

+Kich phai chut vao muc

trong danh sach i tng cua MHH

cn thm ng bao trn Panel chinh sau o kich chon menu

20

Kich phai chut vao M hinh, chon menu

cp nht lai m

hinh.
*Ch : Ngoi vic thm cc DDM v ng bao a hnh chng ta c th thm vo
MHH cc vng a hnh cha kho st nh ao,h bng cch chn menu
,

trn panel chnh ca chng trnh. Hoc ta c th thm

vo cc t gy a hnh trong trng hp gp a hnh bt thng bng cch chn

menu

trn panel chnh ca chng trnh.Vic thm hay loi b cc h

a hnh,cc t gy a hnh tng t nh vic thm hay loi b DDM,ng bao a

hnh.
BC 4-HIU CHNH M HNH
- M hinh ia hinh trong ban ve la mt i tng co nhiu tuy bin hin thi khac nhau
da trn cac tham s quan ly ia hinh. Cac tham s nay chia lam 3 nhom chinh:
+ Thng s qun l m hnh
+ Thng s ng ng mc
+ Thng s hng dc a hnh
4.1-T THNG S QUN L M HNH
- Cac thng s quan ly m hinh la cac thng s quan ly chung phng thc cp
nht cua m hinh ia hinh. Cac thng s nay khng lam thay i ia hinh ma chi co
tac dung khi cp nht cac thay i cua ia hinh
*Thc hin :(Lnh tt DTMINFO )
Kich phai chut vao m hinh ia hinh cn hiu chinh trn panel chinh cua chng
trinh, chon menu

21

Panel chinh hin bang thng s hiu chinh MHH. Chon vao muc

22

-T cp nht ng ng mc : la cach thc cp nht ng ng mc khi hiu

chinh ia hinh. Co 2 tuy chon:
+ Co cp nht: Khi co bt c hiu chinh gi cua ia hinh, sau khi chon menu thi ng
ng mc cua m hinh se t ng cp nht theo.
+ Khng cp nht: Khi cp nht ia hinh, ng ng mc se gi nguyn, ngi dung
mun cp nht ng ng mc se phai ve lai ng ng mc.
-im phat sinh tham gia m hinh: la cach thc cp nht m hinh khi phat sinh
im cao trinh. Co 2 tuy chon:
+ Co tham gia: Khi phat sinh im cao trinh, cao im cao trinh c ni suy theo
m hinh ia hinh va im va phat sinh se tham gia ngay lp tc vao m hinh ia hinh
chia lai li tam giac do o se lam thay i ia hinh gc.
+ Khng tham gia: Khi phat sinh im cao trinh, cao im cao trinh c ni suy
theo m hinh ia hinh nhng se khng tham gia vao m hinh ia hinh chia lai li
tam giac do o khng lam thay i ia hinh gc.
-Ve i tng line: M hinh se hin thi bng cac canh cua tam giac c ve bng i
tng Acadline. Cac tam giac cua m hinh se khng c t mau khi render.
-Ve i tng 3D: M hinh se hin thi bng cac mt tam giac c ve bng i tng
Acad3DFace. Cac tam giac cua m hinh se c t mau khi render.
-

chp nhn hoc n ESC huy lnh

4.2-T THNG S NG NG MC
*Thc hin :
Kich phai chut vao m hinh ia hinh cn hiu chinh trn panel chinh cua chng
trinh, chon menu
hiu chinh MHH. Chon vao muc

(Ging bc 4.1).Panel chinh hin bang thng s

.Trong bng ta hiu chnh cc

thng s theo ty chn

23

+ Bc ng ng mc: La khoang chnh cao gia 2 ng ng mc lin tip.

Thng s nay tuy thuc vao ia hinh va ty l ban sao cho cac ng ng mc
khng qua day va khng qua tha
+ S ng ng mc ph: la s lng ng ng mc ph/ s lng ng ng
mc chnh. VD gia tri bng 4 tc la c 1 ng chnh se co 4 ng ph hay gia 2
ng ng mc chnh lin tip co 4 ng ng mc ph.
+Mau ng ng mc: Mau ng ng mc co 2 kiu t:
-T mau theo cao: Mau cua cac ng ng mc c chia theo dai mau tng
ng vi cao t thp n cao. (Thng dung khi bin tp va khi in ban ve mau)

24

-T mau theo ng cai ng con: Mau ng ng mc chia thanh 2 mau, cac

ng cai 1 mau va cac ng con 1 mau. (Thng dung khi in ban ve en trng)
+Lam trn ng ng mc: ng ng mc cua ia hinh sinh ra la tp hp cua
cac ng thng (Trong 1 tam giac cua m hinh ia hinh coi la mt phng nn ng
ng mc trong o la ng thng). Tuy nhin, trn ia hinh thc t, cac ng ng
mc la cac ng cong (khng theo phng trinh toan hoc nao ca), do o vic ve
ng ng mc se c lam trn gn ung theo phng trinh toan hoc va c iu
khin qua h s lam trn. H s lam trn co gia tri t 0 (khng lam trn) n 1 (lam
trn ti a). Co 2 kiu lam trn:
+ Lam trn qua inh
+ Lam trn khng qua inh
+ Nhan ng ng mc: la gia tri hin thi cao ng ng mc. Nhan ng
ng mc chi c in trn ng ng mc cai, khng in trn ng ng mc
con. Khi ng ng mc dai, co th co nhiu nhan, khoang cach cac nhan ng
ng mc co th iu chinh c.

- n
chp nhn hoc n ESC huy lnh
*Ch : hin th ng ng mc ph ta phi lm nh sau :
- Sau khi chn s ng ng mc ph nh hng dn trn. Trn panel chnh
ca chng trnh ta nhp chut phi menu Tn m hnh chn V ng ng mc

25

4.3-T THNG S HIN TH HNG DC

-Mui tn hng dc va hin thi cao li ia hinh theo mau la cng cu tuy bin
hu hiu ngi bin tp co th d dang anh gia ia hinh. Trn c s cac ng
mui tn hng dc cua ia hinh, ngi s dung co th vach ra cac lu vc phn thuy
cua ia hinh va cac ng tu thuy cua ia hinh.
*Thc hin :
Kich phai chut vao m hinh ia hinh cn hiu chinh trn panel chinh cua chng
trinh, chon menu

(Ging bc 4.1).Panel chinh hin bang thng s

hiu chinh MHH. Chon vao muc

26

- Hin thi mau cua ia hinh co 2 tuy chon

+ T mau theo cao: Cac tam giac cua li ia hinh c chia mau theo dai mau cao
cua ng ng mc.
+Khng t mau theo cao: Cac tam giac cua li ia hinh s dung 1 mau c inh.
- Hin thi mui tn hng dc co nhiu tham s tuy chon :
+ Bt tt mui tn hng dc
+ Kich thc mui tn hng dc
BC 5-V LI TAM GIC
*Thc hin:( Lnh ttDRTIN)
- Kich phai chut vao m hinh cn ve li tam giac trn panel chinh cua chng trinh
- Chn menu

27

Ta c kt qu m hnh a hnh nh sau :

lm bc tip theo ta phi n layer M hnh a hnh

28

Kt qu l ta c bnh c xy dng m hnh a hnh

BC 6-THIT K TUYN
6.1-V NG DN HNG TUYN:
-Tuyn c xac inh co tim theo 1 polyline trn mt bng. Tr 2 u mut u va
cui, mi inh cua Polyline se la mt inh chuyn hng cua tuyn. im u cua
Polyline se la im gc tuyn
*Thc hin:
Dng lnh PL v ng dn hng tuyn

29

6.2-NH NGHA TUYN TRN BNH :

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt T )
Menu:ADS_Road/To tuyn

- Trn dong nhc lnh Command line xut hin :Gc tuyn Chon vao gc tuyn
a xac inh (vd : im A1 )

30

- Trn dong nhc lnh Command line xut hin :Chon tuyn hin hnh Chon
vao ng tim tuyn a xac inh bng Polyline

- Panel chinh cua chng trinh hin thi hp thoai khai bao tuyn.

31

* Sau khi khai bo y cc thng tin cho tuyn,n

ng .

* hy lnh chn
BC 7- B TR NG CONG V SIU CAO
*Thc hin: (Ln tt : CN )
Menu : ADS_Survey \ Kho st tuyn \ Hiu chnh tuyn \ B tri ng cong va siu
cao

32

- Trn dong nhc lnh Command line xut hin :Chn nh tuyn Chon vo
nh tuyn xc nh

Trn Panel chinh cua chng trinh hin hp thoai b tri ng cong va siu cao:

33

+ Chon kiu ng cong trong mun b tr:

+ Nhp ban kinh R cho ng cong
+ Chn on ni u L1, on ni sau L2, cc gi tr siu cao, m rng theo gi
ca chng trnh hoc nhp ty theo thit k, giai don thit k
* Sau khi khai bo y cc thng tin cho tuyn,n

cp nht.

Gi lnh cp nht cc trn tuyn loi b cc cc khng nm trn tuyn v cp nht

trc dc trc ngang.
-Co th chon oan cong khac hiu chinh lin tip bng cach la chon cac cng
cu

(Chon inh bt ky, chon inh u tin, chon inh lin trc, chon

inh lin sau, chon inh cui cung)

BC 8- PHT SINH CC TRN TUYN

*Thc hin: (Ln tt : PSC )
Menu: ADS_Survey \ Khao sat tuyn \ Coc trn tuyn \ Phat sinh coc

34

Trn panel chinh cua chng trinh hin hp thoai quan ly coc trn tuyn:
35

-Chon oan ly trinh cn phat sinh coc:

+ Nhp ly trinh u vao

hoc kich chon

xac inh im ly trinh u

trn binh tuyn.

+ Nhp ly trinh cui vao

hoc kich chon

xac inh im ly trinh

cui trn binh tuyn.

+ Nu oan ly trinh la 1 oan thng hoc 1 oan cong thi co th chon
chon oan ly trinh trn binh tuyn.
+ phat sinh coc ly trinh, anh du vao
, nhp khoang cach gia 2 coc
lin tip trong muc
. Tn cac coc ly trinh se c anh s lin tip t
gia tri trong
36

+ phat sinh coc c bit, anh du vao

. Tn cac coc c bit co tin t

ND, TD, P, TC, NC va se c anh s lin tip t gia tri trong

- Kich chon

phat sinh coc.

- Cac coc sau khi phat sinh se c thm vao bang danh sach coc phia di panel
BC 9- HIU CHNH CC TRN TUYN
9.1-CHN CC,XA CC :
9.1.1-CHN CC :
- Chen coc thng dung b sung cac coc ia hinh, cac coc ia cht va cac coc khac
(im u cu, im t cng ngang, )
- Co 3 phng thc chen coc:
+ Chen coc trn binh
+ Chen coc trn trc doc
+Chen coc tai ly trinh
- Ty tng yu cu m ta chn 1 trong 3 phng thc
*Thc hin
- Chn cc trn bnh ( Lnh tt: CCT )
Menu: ADS_Survey \ Khao sat tuyn \ Coc trn tuyn \ Chen coc trn binh

37

-Thc hin theo trinh t dong nhc lnh:

+ Chon tuyn hin hanh: Chon vao tuyn cn chen coc
+ im chen coc: Chi im trn tim tuyn cn chen coc.
Coc c chen se t cp nht trn trc doc.
Chu y:
- Nu im kich khng thuc tim tuyn, coc c phat sinh se nm vi tri gn im
kich nht.
- Lm tng t vi chn cc trn trc dc v chn cc ti l trnh.Trong Chn cc
trntrc dc th im chn cc l im cn chn trn trc dc. Trong Chn cc ti l
trnh ta nhp ty l trnh cn chn cc
9.1.2- XA CC :
Thc hin tng t nh vic chn cc.Cc lnh tt chn cc CCT,CCTD,c thay
bng XCT,XCTD

38

BC 10-KHAI BO MU BNG TRC DC

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: MBTD )
Menu: ADS_Survey \ Khao sat tuyn \ Trc doc t nhin \ Khai bao mu bang trc
doc.

39

-Sau khi goi lnh, trn panel chinh cua chng trinh hin hp thoai khai bao mu bang
trc doc

40

*Thm mi mu bng
+Kich phai chut bang danh sach mu bang trc doc, chon menu

. Xut

hin hp thoi:

+ Nhp tn mu bang vao muc

+ anh du vao muc

tao mt s trng d liu mc inh cho bang

trc doc.
+ Chon

tao mu bang trc doc mi.

+ Chon

huy lnh.

*Hiu chnh mu bng

41

+ Chon vao mu bang cn hiu chinh trong danh sach mu bang. Thng tin chi tit cua
ni dung bang c lit k phn ni dung
+ thm mt hang cho ni dung bang n vao nut

+ sp xp th t cac hang s dung cng cu

trn thanh cng cu

hoc

+ xoa mt hang, chon vao hang cn xoa, n nut

trn thanh cng cu

trn thanh cng cu

+ hiu chinh 1 hang, chon vao hang o trn danh sach, nhp mi hoc thit lp lai
cac thng s:
o Nhp nhan hin thi trn u bang ct nhan. Nhan nay se c hin thi
phn u bang cua bang trc doc.
o Chon ni dung hin thi trong danh sach (Cao t nhin, khoang cach le,
). Ni dung bang se c hin thi phn ni dung cua bang trc doc.
o Thit lp cac thng s lp (layer), kiu ch, mau, chiu cao ch trong bang,
chiu cao hin thi hang.
+ n nut

trn thanh cng cu

lu lai thng tin

cho mu bang.
*t mu bng hin hnh
+ Chon vao mu bang cn chon lam hin hanh trong danh sach mu bang.
+ anh du check vao ct Hin hanh
*Cp nht mu bng
+ Chon vao mu bang cn cp nht trong danh sach mu bang.
+ Kich phai chut, chon menu

. Khi o toan b cac trc doc trong ban ve

ang s dung mu bang cp nht se c cp nht t ng.

*Xa mu bng
+ Chon vao mu bang cn xoa trong danh sach mu bang
+ Kich phai chut, chon menu
BC 11-V TRC DC T NHIN
*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: TD )

42

Menu : ADS_Survey \ Khao sat tuyn \ Trc doc t nhin \ V trc dc t nhin

- Trn dong nhc lnh Command line xut hin :Chn im v trc dc chn
im t trc dc bt k trc dc cn v. Kt qu ta c trc dc t nhin

BC 12-THIT K NG
*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: DD )
Menu : ADS_Road \ Thit k trc dc \ Thit k trc dc.

43

- Xut hin dng nhc T im . Dng chut nhn vo im bt u k ng .

- Xut hin hp thoi : Chn cao im u.Nhn Chp nhn

- Chn tip im tip theo,hp thoi tng t nh trn xut hin

Lc ny, cao thit k ti im c th ly theo 2 cch :

44

+ Ly theo cao
+ Ly theo dc.
Tng t nh vy ta c ng thit k
BC 13-THIT K NG CONG NG
*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: CD )
Menu : ADS_Road \ Thit k trc dc \B tr ng cong ng.
- Kch chut vo 2 ng dc.
- Xut hin hp thoi :

Tu theo yu cu thit k m la chn ng cong thit k c th l :

+ ng cong trn
+ ng cong Parabon
-C th la chn chc nng
xem v thay i bn knh cho hp l
Ch : Khi chn bn knh cn m bo R > Rmin i vi tng cp hng ng theo
quy trnh thit k.
BC 14-IN THIT K TRC DC
*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: DTK )
Menu : ADS_Road \ Thit k trc dc \in thit k trc dc.

45

-Nu ch c 1 tuyn trn bn v th chng trnh s khng yu cu chn tuyn.

Chng trnh s t in thit k. Nu trn bn v c 2 tuyn trn dng nhc xut hin
dng nhc Chn Tuyn .Chn tuyn cn in thit k chotrc dc
- Kt qu ta c trc dc thit k

46

BC 15-KHAI BO MU BNG TRC NGANG

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: MBTN )
Menu: ADS_Survey \ Khao sat tuyn \ Trc ngang t nhin \ Khai bao mu bang trc
ngang.

47

-Sau khi goi lnh, trn panel chinh cua chng trinh hin hp thoai khai bao mu bang
trc ngang.

*Thm mi mu bng
+Kich phai chut bang danh sach mu bang trc ngang, chon menu

Xut hin hp thoi:

48

+ Nhp tn mu bang vao muc

+ anh du vao muc

tao mt s trng d liu mc inh cho bang

trc ngang.
+ Chon

tao mu bang trc ngang mi.

+ Chon

huy lnh.

- ngha cc k t trn mu bng trc ngang tng t nh trn mu bng trc dc.Cc
bc Hiu chnh mu bng,t mu bng hin hnh,Cp nht mu bng,Xa mu
bng ta lm tng t nh phn hiu chnh mu bng trc dc

BC 16-V TRC NGANG T NHIN

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: TN )
Menu: ADS_Survey \ Khao sat tuyn \ Trc ngang t nhin \ V trc ngang t nhin

49

-Panel chnh ca chng trnh hin hp thoi trc ngang:

50

+ Nhp s hang s ct trong nhom, cach hang, cach ct trong nhom, khoang cach
nhom va cao min cho cac trc ngang.
+ Kich chon

sau o chon im chen ve trc ngang. Ta c cc trc

ngang t nhin

BC 17-THIT K TRC NGANG

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: TKTN )
Menu: ADS_Road \Thit k trc ngang \ Thit k trc ngang

51

-Panel chnh ca chng trnh hin hp thoi thit k trc ngang:

52

-in cc thng s thit k mt ct ngang ng.

-Chn
-Nhn

p thit k vo trc ngang. Ta c trc ngang thit k

kt thc lnh.

BC 18-IN THIT K TRC NGANG

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: DTKTN )
Menu: ADS_Road \Thit k trc ngang \ in thit k trc ngang

53

-Panel chnh ca chng trnh hin hp thoi

-La chn cc thng s mun hin th trn trc ngang

-Chn
-Chn
-Chn

in thit k cho ton b trc ngang

in thit k cho mt trc ngang la chn
kt thc lnh

- Kt qu ta c trc ngang thit k hon chnh

54

BC 19 P KHUN NG
*THC HIN : ( Lnh tt : KBKhoc APK)
Menu: ADS_Road\ Thit k trc ngang \ Khai bo khun.
Conmand : KBK .
Xut hin hp thoi khai bo khun ng :

*P KHUN T NG :
-Chn cc lp khun s p cho phn ng 1 v 2 :
+ Chn m khun cho 2 phn ng khi apskhuoon trn nn ng mi
+ Nhp cc mc su H1,H2,H3
+ Chn m khun ng c 1,2,3 cho 2 phn ng ng vi cc khong cch H1
H2,H2-H3,>H3.
+ Nhp cc gi tr m rng tng lp khun cho phn ng 1 v 2. Khi nhp,cc gi
tr m rng ngn cch nhau b du (; ) :
Nhp gi tr Bmin : khi mt m khun c b rng nh hn Bmin th s dung khun
thay th
nh du vo :
kt cu khun c)

p khun mi hon ton (k c khi gp

55

-nh du vo :
to khun trong phn phn cch 1. Khi p
khun phn cch th phn ko di ca khun ng 1s khng c m rng v Taluy
bng 0.
-nh du vo :
to khun trong phn phn cch 2. Khi p
khun phn cch th phn ko di ca khun ng 2 s khng c m rng v
Taluy bng 0.
Chn :

p khun cho on.

Chn :
p khun cho tng trc ngang trn bn v.
Sauk hi p khun thnh cng ta c khun nh sau :

56

BC 20 TNH DIN TCH

*THC HIN :(Lnh tt : TKL )
Menu : ADS_Road \ Thit k trc ngang \ Tnh din tch
Command : TKL
Xut hin hp thoi tnh khi lng :

Chn pha in din tch,trn bng danh sch cc din tch s hin chi tit kt
cc m s in nn chc ngang

Thm m din tch mi :

+ Chn

thm mi din tch mi.

57

+ Nhp nhn hin th khi in din tch vo ct nhn.

+ Kch p vo biu thc, xut hin hp thoi nh ngha din tch o p.

Chn din tch hin th ln bng danh sch din tch.

Tm v kch p vo m din tch cn them ln biu thc chnh.

Chn

Sp xp cc din tch :

lu v tr v hp thoi tnh khi lng

+ Chn

trn thanh cng c a m hiu din tch ln trn.

+ Chn

trn thanh cng c a m hiu din tch xung di

Xa din tch :

+ Chn vo din tch cn xa.

+ Chn
-

trn thanh cng c xa.

Sau ta chn
Chn

tnh khi lng cho trc ngang bt k.

tnh khi lng cho ton b trc ngang.

58

BC 21 LP BNG TNH KHI LNG

* THC HIN : ( Lnh tt : BKL )
Menu : ADS_Road \ Thit k trc ngang \ Lp bng khi lng.
Command : BKL
Sau xut hin hp thoi :

Ta chn :

ri ch im trn bn v xut ra bng khi lng:

59

BI TON 2
THIT K TUYN NG T S LIU S O
File kho st a hnh hin nay s dung cac thit bi o ac (Thc, may thuy binh,
may kinh vi, may toan ac in t, ) thu thp s liu trc tip tai hin trng
thng c lu di dng file.TXT hoc file.NTD. y l 2 dng file chnh thu c
sau khi kho st phc v thit k. i tng chnh trong file l cc im o.
im o (thng goi la im cao trinh hoc n gian nht la im) la i tng c
ban nht cua ban ia hinh. Mi im th hin c 1 toa (X, Y) va mt gia tri
cao Z (mt s trng hp goi la H) trn ban .
Mi im o trn ban c th hin bng 1 du chm anh du vi tri im (toa
X, Y) va 1 ch th hin cao .
Ngoai thanh phn toa va cao , im o con co th cha thm Tn im
(Name) va Ma im (Fcode) qua trinh bin tp ban c thun tin va d dang
hn.
. Cc im o theo trong cc file kho st ny thng am bao tinh cp nht cao ( sai
s thng do ngi kho st ) v vy dng file kho st ny thng dung trong bc
thit k ky thut, thit k ky thut thi cng hoc hoan cng
Sau y nhm xin trnh by trnh t thit k tuyn ng t file kho st dng *.TXT

60

BC 1- NHP S LIU T FILE TON C IN T ( *.TXT )

*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: DTD )
Menu: ADS_Survey \im o \ To im t tp ta

-Xut hin hp thoi

61

-Kch chn M file s liu . Chn file kho st

-Ch : ty vo nh dng file m chn Du tab, Du phy, Khong trng

-Nhn

hoc

thot

-Kt qu ta c nh sau :

62

BC 2- TO MI M HNH A HNH
*Thc hin: (Lnh tt : CDTM )
(Tng t nh lm vi bi ton thit k tuyn t bnh cht)
-Kich phai chut vao

trn panel chinh cua chng trinh

63

-Trn panel chnh ca chng trnh xut hin

Chn

Nhp tn m hnh ( ty chn t tn )

Nhp thng s m t m hnh
Nhp tn layer cha m hnh vo

nu ng hoc nhn ESC hy lnh

BC 3- A D LIU IM O VO M HNH A HNH

*Thc hin :
a-Thm d liu im o (Lnh tt ADDPM )
+ Kich phai chut vao muc
trong danh sach cc i tng cua MHH cn
thm cac im o trn Panel chinh sau o kich chon menu

64

+ Qut chn ton bim obnh ban u.Nhn

+Kichphai chut vao tn M hinh va lp,chonmenu

nht cac DDM vao m hinh

cp

b-Ngoi ra chng ta c th loi im o khng cn thit hoc ton b im o (tng

t nh thm im o ) ta lm nh sau:
+ Kich phai chut vao muc
trong danh sach i tng cua MHH
cn loai cac im o trn Panel chinh sau o kich chon menu
loi
b 1 s im o hoc menu
loi b ton b im
o
+Kichphai chut vao tn M hinh va lp,chonmenu
nht li

cp

65

BC 4 - V NG NG MC
*Thc hin: (Lnh tt : CDT )

Cc bc tip theo nh to ng bao a hnh,thit k tuyn

ng lm nh bi ton thit k tuyn t bnh .

66

BI TON 3
THIT K, TNH TON SAN NN
San nn l mt hng mc ln trong thit k v thi cng cng trnh xy dng.
Thng thng hng mc ny chim t 15-20% tng mc u t ca cng trnh. C
mt s trng hp c bit san nn chim n 30% tng mc u t. Do vic tnh
ton chnh xc khi lng san nn l c bit quan trng
tinh toan khi lng san nn cn y u 3 yu t:
+B mt t nhin (con goi la b mt hin trang hay b mt trc san lp ...)
+B mt thit k (con goi la b mt sau san lp hay b mt hoan cng trong trng
hp tinh hoan cng san nn ...)
+Bin l ao p (gm ca bin ngoai va bin trong (vung bo qua khng san lp)
Trong thc t, cc bi ton san nn kh a dng. Cac bai toan nay chi khac nhau v
m hinh thit k. Sau y nhm xin gii thiu mt bi ton san nn c bn vi d liu
u vo l b mt t nhin c kho st di dng file.TXT

BC 1- A S LIU U VO
*Thc hin: ( Lnh tt: DTD )

-Nhn

hoc

thot

67

BC 2- VCH BIN L O P

-Vch bin l o p,gm c bin ngoi v bin trong ( vng b qua khng san
lp )
-Bin l o p l mt ng Polyline khp kn
BC 3- XY DNG M HNH T NHIN

-To b mt t nhin ( b mt hin trng hay b mt trc san lp ). Tng t

nh xy dng m hnh cc bi ton trc
Xy m hnh t nhin t s liu u vo

V v li tam gic

68

69

BC 4- TO B MT THIT K

Vch 2 ng PLine bao ly bin l t cn san nn v gn cao thit k cho

ng ny ( y ta gn Code thit k l 150)

Xy thm m hnh thit k nh hnh di y

BC 5- TO LI VUNG TNH TON SAN NN

70

Chn ng bao ca l t cn tnh ton san nn.

Nu ng th ta chn OK hoc khng th bm Thot

71

BC 6- GN RANH GII O P

Trnh t thc hin vic gn ng bao nh sau:

- Kch tri chut cc du cng mc San nn m mc con,sau tip
tc kch tri chut vo du cng di li cn gn ng bin m
mc con nh hnh di

- Kch phi chut mc

,chn menu

- Chn vo Polyline bao khu vc tnh ton trn bn v.

- Trn Panel chnh ca chng trnh bo c 1 ng bao chung cho li
san nn nh hnh di

BC 7- THIT LP THNG S SAN NN

Trnh t thc hin vic thit lp cc thng s nh sau

- Kch tri chut vo du cng mc San nn m mc con,sau tip
tc kch p chut vo tn li cn thit lp tham s trn Panel chnh nh
hnh di

-Trn Panel chnh hin bng thng s tnh ton ca li

72

-Chn MHTN v MHTK trong danh sch cc b mt a hnh ang c trong bn

v.
-Chn nh du vo

Nu mun tnh khi lng theo phng php hnh hc khng gian 3D
-B chn du

Nu mun tnh khi lng theo phng php li vung c in.

BC 8- GN CAO

Trnh t thc hin vic gn cao cho li san nn nh sau

Gi lnh theo 1 trong cc cch sau:
+Menu :ADS_Level\Gn cao nt
+Toolbar

+ Command : GCD
Kch tri vo du cng mc San nn m mc con. Sau tip tc kch
phi chut vo tn li cn gn cao trn Panel chnh nh hnh di

Trong danh sch menu hin ra,chn menu

+ Chn li vung cn gn cao ( nu gi theo cch thao tc trn Panel
chnh (cch 4) th khng cn chn li ).

73

BC 9- TNH O P LI VUNG

Trnh t thc hin vic tnh o p cho li san nn nh sau:

+ Menu :ADS_Level\Tnh o p
+ Toolbar

+ Command : TSN
-Kch tri chut vo du cng mc San nn m mc con,sau tip tc
kch phi chut vo tn li cn tnh khi lng o p trn Panel chnh nh
hnh di

-Trong danh sch menu hin ra,chn menu

-Chn li vung tnh o p ( nu gi lnh theo cch thao tc trn Panel
chnh (cch 4) th khng cn chn li ).
BC 10- HIN TH KT QU TNH TON

10.1. Cao nt li
- Cao nt c to ra t ng khi gn cao nt li.
- Mi nt li c duy nht mt i tng cao nt.
- Cao nt c 4 thng tin :
* Cao t nhin
* Cao thit k
* Chnh cao
* Ch s hng ct (tn nt )

74

10.2. Cao nt bin

- Cao nt bin c to ra t ng khi gn cao nt li.
- Mi im giao ca li v bin l hoc nh ca bin l co duy nht mt i
tng cao nt bin.
- Cao nt bin c 3 thng tin
* Cao t nhin.
* Cao thit k.
* Chnh cao

10.3. K hiu o p
- Ky hiu ao p c sinh ra khi tinh khi lng
- Mi phn ao hoc p trong 1 li co tng ng 1 ky hiu ao p
- Ky hiu ao p co 4 thng tin:
+ Chi s hang ct li (tn )
+ Chnh cao trung binh
+ Din tich

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+ Th tich
Quy c du cho chnh cao va th tich la phn ao mang du m (-). Phn p
mang du dng (+) va khng in du.

10.4. K hiu o p li
- i tng ao p li c dung thay th cho i tng ao p khi xut
hin nhiu co ca cac vung ao va p. Khi o vic hin thi ky hiu ao p
trn ban ve se tng minh, vic b tri ban in se d dang hn.
- Mi li se co duy nht 1 ky hiu ao p li, trn o se cng gp khi
lng ao/p cua toan b cac phn ao va p cua ca
- Ky hiu ao p co 7 thng tin:
+ Chi s hang ct li (tn )
+ Chnh cao trung binh ao
+ Din tich ao
+ Th tich ao
+ Chnh cao trung binh p
Din tich p
+ Th tich p
Quy c du cho chnh cao va th tich la phn ao mang du m (-). Phn p
mang du dng (+) va khng in du.

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10.5. K hiu o p hng, ct

- Ky hiu ao p hang/ct thng c in ln ban ve tin cho cng tac
kim tra va cng gp khi lng
- Mi hang/ct se co tng ng 1 ky hiu ao p hang/ct
- Ky hiu ao p hang/ct co 4 thng tin:
+ Din tich ao
+ Th tich ao
+ Din tich p
+ Th tich p
Quy c du cho chnh cao va th tich la phn ao mang du m (-). Phn p
mang du dng (+) va khng in du.

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BC 11- XUT BNG KHI LNG

11.1. Xut bng khi lng hng, ct

-Trinh t thc hin vic xut bang khi lng theo hang/ct nh sau
-Goi lnh bng 1 trong 4 phng thc:
+ Menu

: ADS_Level \ Lp bang tng hp khi lng

+Toolbar

+Command

: BKLSN

+ Kich trai chut cac du cng muc San nn m muc con, sau o tip tuc
kich phai chut vao tn li cn xut bang khi lng trn Panel chinh nh hinh
di

-Trong danh sach menu hin ra, chon menu

- Chi im chen bang khi lng theo hang va theo ct trn ban ve (nu goi
lnh theo cach thao tac trn Panel chinh (cach 4) thi khng cn chon li)

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11.2. Xut bng khi lng li

-Trinh t thc hin vic xut bang khi lng theo hang/ct nh sau:
-Goi lnh bng 1 trong 4 phng thc:
+ Menu

: ADS_Level \ Xut bang khi lng li sang Excel

+ Toolbar

+ Command

: BKLOL

+ Kich trai chut cac du cng muc San nn m muc con, sau o tip
tuc kich phai chut vao tn li cn xut bang khi lng li trn Panel
chinh nh hinh di

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Trong danh sach menu hin ra, chon menu

Chng trinh m hp thoai lu tp, nhp tn cho tp Excel, sau o chon Save

BC 12- TNH TON O P TALUY SAN NN

- Vic tinh toan khi lng taluy la c lp vi phn trong bin san nn, do
vy co th tinh toan taluy ma khng cn tinh toan phn trong li
- Taluy doc theo canh l san nn c chia thanh 2 loai:

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+ Taluy canh (la cac oan taluy trn canh bin ao p). Cac taluy canh c
t tn vi tin t "C" (VD C1, C3, ...)
+ Taluy goc (la phn taluy kep gia 2 oan taluy canh tai vi tri inh cua bin
ao p). Cac taluy goc c t tn vi tin t "G" (VD G2, G4, ...)

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PHN III
GII THIU MT S TNH NNG NI BT CA PHN MM
Trong thi gian nghin cu nhm c cc anh bn cng ty ch bo tn tnh vi
nhiu tnh nng mi u vit hn so vi cc phn mm hin nay. Sau y nhm xin
gii thiu mt s tnh nng
I-HIU CHNH TUYN
i vi cng tc kho st tuyn, vic la chn c phng n tuyn ti u l qu
trnh lp i lp li qua nhiu bc hiu chnh tuyn. iu ny c bit quan trng i
vi tuyn nh ngha t bnh trong kho st s b.
Hiu chnh tuyn gm hiu chnh nh nh thng s (tiu chun thit k, hin th
tuyn, ...) n cc hiu chnh ln, nh hng trc tip n chiu di tuyn (nh v
nhtuyn, chn nh tuyn, loi nh tuyn, cm cong nm) thm ch l thay
on tuyn bng phng n tuyn khc.y l mt trong nhng u im ca ADS
CIVIL SERIES so vi NOVA TKD. C th ta c th lm nh sau:
a-nh v nh tuyn ( dch nh tuyn )
-Trng hp bn mun thay i v tr nh tuyn

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+ Chn vo tim tuyn trn bn v. Ti cc nh tuyn s xut hin cc grip point

nh v tuyn.
+ Dng phm tri chut, chn v di chuyn nh tuyn n v tr mong mun ri b
phm tri chut.
+ Gi lnh cp nht cc trn tuyn loi b cc cc khng nm trn tuyn v cp
nht trc dc trc ngang.
b-Chn nh tuyn
*Thc hin: (Lnh tt : LBDT )
Menu: ADS_Survey \Kho st tuyn \ Hiu chnh tuyn \ Loi nh tuyn

Thc hin theo trinh t cua dong nhc lnh:

+Chon tuyn hin hanh: Chon vao tuyn cn loai bo inh
+Chon inh tuyn: Chi im trn ban ve gn inh cn loai
+Gi lnh cp nht cc trn tuyn loi b cc cc khng nm trn tuyn v cp
nht trc dc trc ngang.
-Tng t nh vy trong menu trn cn c th Ni tuyn, Chn nh tuyn, Thay
ontuyn rt d dng v nhanh chng

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II-THIT K NHIU LOI MT CT NGANG

-Vi nhiu menu trong mc thit k trc ngang. Ta c th nhp cc thng s mt ct
v trc ngang d dng v nhanh chng
- Sau khi dng lnh TKTNta c menu sau

- thit k cc mt ct ngang theo mun ta c th ty thay i cc thng s trong

bng. Do c rt nhiu dng mt ct ngang nn trong chuyn chng ti xin php gii
thiu mt s mt ct ng th. Cn cc loi khc ta ch cn thay i cc thng s
ty theo thit k
II.1-Thit k mt ct ngang ng th
a-ng mt phn ng xe chy, c di phn cch gia, rnh thot nc,
va h

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Ta nhp vo menu TKTN cc thng s nh sau :

Kch thc thit k
Chiu cao phn cch
B rng phn cch
dc phn cch
S ln ng
B rng phn ng
dc mt ng
B rng rnh an trong
dc rnh an trong
B rng rnh an ngoi
dc rnh an ngoi
B rng l gia c
dc l gia c
rng l khng gia c
dc l khng gia c
Chiu cao va h
Vt va h Y
Vt va h X
B rng va h
dc va h
-Sau khi in y cc thng s chn
trc ngang hoc chn

Tri
0.2
0.5
0
2
3.75
2
0
0
0.5
3
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
4.5
2

Phi
0.2
0.5
0
2
3.75
2
0
0
0.5
3
0
0
0
0
0.2
0
0
4.5
2
thit k cho ton b

thit k cho 1 trc ngang

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-Dng lnh DTKTN xem trc ngang va thit k. Kt qu ta c trc ngang nh

sau:

- c mt s a vt ging trn hnh nh cy xanh, ct in lm nh sau

+ Vo menu ADS_SURVEY /kho st tuyn / cng trnh trn tuyn .Lnh CTTT sau
tm trong th vin ca chng trnh
*Ch : C th thay i linh hot cc thng s ca mt ct ngang. V d ng th
khng c di phn cch, va h th ch a cc thng s trong bng v 0

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a-ng th 2 phn ng xe chy, nhiu di phn cch gia, rnh thot

nc, va h
-Gi s phi thit k mt ct ngang ng nh hnh

Thc hin :
+ Dng lnh TKTN
+ Tch chn

sau nhp cc thng s nh bnh thng

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-Kt qu ta c trc ngang nh sau

88

III- H TR CM BIN BO GIAO THNG

- Ngoi vic h tr kho st, thit k ng, phn mm cn h tr cm v thng k
bin bo giao thng theo tiu chun Vit Nam. y l tnh nng mi m cc phn
mm thit k ng hin hnh nh NOVA_TKD hoc Civil 3D cha h tr
- Sau khi thit k xong tuyn ng cc k s thit k cn thit k t chc giao thng
bng cc n tn hiu, vch k ng v c bit l cm bin bo giao thng. V vy
vic phn mm h tr tnh nng ny s gip ch rt nhiu cho vic cm v thng k s
lng bin bo giao thng
- thc hin tin ch trn, sau khi thit k xong tuyn ng cc bn ln lt lm
nh sau :

III.1- Cm bin bo giao thng

+ Dng lnh tt BBGT. Trn panel chnh ca chng trnh xut hin hp thoi sau:

+ Kchchut chn cc loi bin bo ty theo iu kin tuyn ng

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+ Chn

. Trn dng command xut hin yu cu im chn

ch vo im cn chn trn bnh tuyn ng

III.2 - Thng k s lng bin bo giao thng

-Sau khi cm y cc loi bin bo giao thng, thng k s lng ta lm nh
sau:
+ Dng lnh tt BTK trn panel chnh ca chng trnh xut hin hp thoi sau
+ Kch chut tri chn Thng k bin bo

+ Kch chut tri chn

. Trn dng command xut hin yu cu Pick

point ch vo im cn chn trn bnh tuyn ng bng thng k s lng

90

bin bo nh sau :

PHN IV
NHN XT, NH GI, BI HC RT RA T T THC TP
Tuy thi gian thc tp ti cng ty khng nhiu nhng qua t thc tp va ri vi s
hng dn, ch bo tn tnh ca cng ty c phn Bn Vit nhm nghin cu v phn
mm ADS Civil Series chng ti cng hc tp c nhiu kin thc b ch khng
ch v ng dng phn mm mi vo lnh vc thit k ng m cn hc hi c rt
nhiu cc kin thc thit k thc tin ca cc anh trong cng ty. Sau y l nhng bi
hc, kin thc, nh gi v phn mm m chng ti thu c trong qu trnh thc tp.
III.1- BI HC, KINH NGHIM THU C SAU QU TRNH THC TP
-Bit thm c phn mm kho st, thit k ng
-C kh nng s dng phn mm, ng dng trong vic lm n tt nghip trc mt
v s dng cho cng vic sau khi ra trng
-Hc hi thm c nhiu kinh nghim trong lnh vc thit k tuyn ng ngoi thc
t
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III.2-NH GI TNG QUAN V PHN MM, KH NNG NG DNG

PHN MM TRONG LNH VC THIT K NG
Sau mt thi gian nghin cu s dng phn mm ADS Civil Series nhm nhn thy
ADS tuy l mt phn mm mi pht trin nhng thc s c nhiu ci tin ng k v
st thc hn vi nhu cu thc tin.Da vo qu trnh nghin cu v s gip ca cc
anh bn cng ty nhm thnh lp c bng nh gi tng quan so snh mt s tnh
nng ca cc phn mm thit k ng hin hnh vi ADS ( xem ph lc)

92