International Codes

Indian Codes - Concrete Design Per IS13920

8A1.5 Column Design

Columns are designed for axial forces and biaxial moments per IS 456:2000. Columns are also designed for shear forces as per Clause 7.3.4. All major criteria for selecting longitudinal and transverse reinforcement as stipulated by IS:456 have been taken care of in the column design of STAAD. However following clauses have been satisfied to incorporate provisions of IS 13920:

1. The minimum grade of concrete shall preferably be M20. (Clause 5.2)

2. Steel reinforcements of grade Fe415 or less only shall be used. (Clause 5.3)

3. The minimum dimension of column member shall not be less than 200 mm. For columns whose unsupported length exceed 4m, the shortest dimension of column shall not exceed 300 mm. (Clause 7.1.2)

4. The ratio of the shortest cross-sectional dimension to the perpendicular dimension shall preferably be not less than 0.4. (Clause 7.1.3)

5. The spacing of hoops shall not exceed half the least lateral dimension of the column, except where special confining reinforcement is provided. (Clause 7.3.3)

6. Special confining reinforcement shall be provided over a length lo from each joint face, towards mid span, and on either side of any section, where flexural yielding may occur. The length lo shall not be less than a) larger lateral dimension of the member at the section where yielding occurs, b) 1/6 of clear span of the member, and c) 450 mm. (Clause 7.4.1)

7. The spacing of hoops used as special confining reinforcement shall not exceed of minimum member dimension but need not be less than 75 mm nor more than 100 mm. (Clause 7.4.6)

8. The area of cross-section of hoops provided are checked against the provisions for minimum area of cross-section of the bar forming rectangular, circular or spiral hoops, to be used as special confining reinforcement. (Clause 7.4.7 and 7.4.8)

Column Design Output

Default column design output (TRACK 0.0) contains the reinforcement provided by STAAD and the capacity of the section. With the option TRACK 1.0, the output contains intermediate results such as the design forces, effective length coefficients, additional moments etc. A special output TRACK 9.0 is introduced to obtain the details of section capacity calculations. All design output is given in SI units. An example of a column design output (with option TRACK 1.0) is given below.

* EFACE and SFACE command is not valid for member combination.

** IPLM and IMB commands are not valid for member combination. These commands are ignored for members forming physical member.

*** The purpose of COMBINE command is the following:

1. If a beam spanning between two supports is subdivided into many sub-beams this parameter will combine them into one member. It can also be used to combine members to form one continuous beam spanning over more than two supports. 2. When two or more members are combined during design plastic or elastic moments will be calculated at the column supports. At all the intermediate nodes (if any) this calculation will be ignored. Please note that the program only recognizes column at right angle to the beam. Inclined column support is ignored. 3. It will calculate sectional forces at 13 sections along the length of the combined member. 4. It will calculate critical loads (similar to that of Design Load Summary) for all active load cases during design.

Beams will be combined only when DESIGN BEAM command is issued.

The following lines should be satisfied during combination of members:

1. Members to be combined should have same sectional properties if any single span between two column supports of a continuous beam are subdivided into several members. 2. Members to be combined should have same constants (E, Poi ratio, alpha, density and beta angle) 3. Members to be combined should lie in one straight line. 4. Members to be combined should be continuous. 5. Vertical members (i.e. columns) cannot be combined. 6. Same member cannot be used more than once to form two different combined members. 7. The maximum number of members that can be combined into one member is 299.

Note: Sectional forces and critical load for combined member output will only be available when all the members combined are successfully designed in both flexure and shear.

ENSH and RENSH parameters will have to be provided (as and when necessary) even if physical member has been formed.

The following lines shows a standard example for design to be performed in IS 13920.