Cp in cho anten chn t i xng bng cp ng trc

Nu u trc tip cp ng trc vo chn t i xng th dng in chy trong dy dn trong ca cp I1 s cp in cho mt nhnh chn t, cn dng in chy mt trong ca dy dn ngoi I2 s phn nhnh thnh dng I2 cp in cho nhnh th hai ca chn t v dng I2 chy ra pha ngoi ca dy dn ngoi.

I2 I2 I2 I1 I2

I1

Cp in trc tip V bin dng in I1 v I2 ging nhau nn dng in cp cho hai nhnh ca
' chn t s khc nhau ( I1 I 2 ), ngha l khng thc hin c vic cp in i xng

cho chn t. Trong khi dng I2 chy ra mt ngoi ca cp s tr thnh ngun bc x k sinh khng nhng lm tn hao nng lng m cn lm mo dng th phng hng ca chn t i xng. gim s mt i xng khi cp in cho chn t i xng bng cp ng trc, c th u cp theo s phi hp hnh :
O a b

Cp in c b phi hp Nu s dng chn t na sng th im gia O ca chn t s l im bng dng in v nt in p, do c th coi l im gc in th. V vy, c th ni im O vi

dy dn ngoi ca cp tip in m khng lm mt tnh i xng ca chn t. Dy dn trong ca cp c ni vi chn t im c tr khng ph hp vi tr khng sng ca cp. Trong thc t, thun tin trong vic iu chnh phi hp tr khng gia fi v chn t, c th mc thm t chun. Thng thng cp in cho chn t i xng bng cp ng trc cn c thit b chuyn i mc gia fi v chn t. Thit b ny c gi l thit b bin i i xng.
(a) I2 I1 a l1 I b o

o c

b I1 I2

l2 = l1+/2

/2

B bin i i xng ch U y l s b bin i i xng ch U dng cp in cho chn t na sng. Fi cp in c mc vo im c, c khong cch ti hai u ca vng ch U l l1 v l2 , khc nhau na bc sng ( l1 l2 = ; l bc sng truyn trong cp ng trc). 2 Tr khng ti u cui a, b ca vng ch U c gi tr bng nhau v bng mt na tr
'

khng vo ca chn t i xng ( Rao = Rbo = Rab ). Tr khng phn nh t u cui a, b 2 v im c qua on l1 v l2 s c gi tr bng nhau. Dng in fi cp in s phn thnh hai nhnh c bin bng nhau ( I1 = I 2 ) chy v hai pha ca vng ch U cp cho hai nhnh chn t. V khong cch t c n a v b khc nhau na bc sng nn dng I1 v I2 ti a v b c pha ngc nhau, ngha l u vo chn t hnh thnh cc dng ging nh dng in dc a ti t hai nhnh ca ng dy song hnh. trit tiu dng in chy ra mt ngoi ca dy dn ngoi, ti cc u cui ca vng ch U, dy dn ngoi c ni ngn mch v tip t. Thng on cp ch U c tr khng sng bng tr khng sng ca fi cp in, cn on l1 chn sao cho tha mn iu kin phi hp tr khng ti im c, bo m ch sng chy cn thit trong fi cp in.

Nu coi gn ng tr khng vo ca chn t na sng bng bng 70 th

Rao = Rbo = 35 . Gi s on cp U ng thi nu l1 =
'

4 th tr khng phn nh t a v

c cng nh t b v c s bng:
R1 = R2 =
2 Z0 702 = = 140 Rbo 35

Tr khng phn nh R1, R2 c coi nh mc song song ti c nn tr khng vo ti y s l:

Rc = 140 = 70 2

Nu fi cp in c tr khng sng bng 70 th vic phi hp tr khng c coi l hon ton, vi h s sng chy trong fi gn bng 1. Trng hp cp in cho chn t vng dt, thc hin phi hp tr khng cn chn l1 = 0 , lc s cp in c minh ha trong hnh 5.25b. Ta thy rng tr khng vo ca chn t vng dt bng bng 292 , do
Rao = Rbo = 292 / 2 = 146 . Ta c tr khng vo ti c l: Rc = Rao 146 = = 73 . Nu dng 2 2

fi cp in c tr khng sng bng (70- 75) th h s sng chy trong cp cp in cng gn bng 1. u im ca phng php cp in ny l c th s dng hiu qu trong di sng cc ngn, khng b tn hao nng lng khi tn s tng cao v khng b mo dng th phng hng ca chn t. Tuy nhin, nhc im ca phng php ny l khng m bo c cp in i xng mt cch hon ton.