TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP.

H CH MINH
VIN CNG NGH SINH HC V THC PHM

TP H Ch Minh, thng 11 nm 2012

MC LC
BI TP PHP TH PHN BIT .................................................................................... 4
1

Bi 1 ............................................................................................................................. 4
1.1

Mc ch: ............................................................................................................... 4

1.2

Cch tin hnh:....................................................................................................... 4

Bi 2 ............................................................................................................................. 7
2.1

Mc ch: ............................................................................................................... 8

2.2

Cch tin hnh:....................................................................................................... 8

Bi 3 ........................................................................................................................... 10
3.1

Mc tiu: .............................................................................................................. 10

3.2

Cch tin hnh ...................................................................................................... 10

BI TP PHP TH M T .......................................................................................... 13
1.

Thu thp danh sch cc thut ng m t v sn phm BIA ................................. 13

2.

Xy dng bng m t cc c tnh ca sn phm ................................................ 14

3.

Phn nhm cc nhm tnh cht sn phm ............................................................ 15

4.

V bnh xe mi(Flavour wheel) .......................................................................... 16

BI TP PHP TH TH HIU ..................................................................................... 17

1.

Mc tiu : ............................................................................................................. 17

2.

Phng php s dng: ......................................................................................... 17

3.

Ngi th: ............................................................................................................ 17

4.

Phn cng vic ..................................................................................................... 17

5.

Cc bc tin hnh: ............................................................................................. 17

a.

La chn ngi th: ......................................................................................... 17

b.
6.

Chun b: ........................................................................................................... 18
Tin hnh bui th: .............................................................................................. 18

a.

Hng dn ........................................................................................................ 18

b.

Chun b mu: ................................................................................................... 19

7.

Phiu chun b: ..................................................................................................... 20

8.

Phiu tr li cu hi: ............................................................................................ 21

9.

Tr li cu hi: ..................................................................................................... 21

TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................................. 22

BI TP PHP TH PHN BIT

Bi 1
Mt cng ty sa mun a ra th trng mt loi sn phm mi v h mun bit sn

phm ca h c khc vi sn phm cng loi ca hai cng ty khc ang c tiu th
rng ri trn th trng. Cng ty ngh nhm nh gi cm quan tin hnh mt php th
cm quan tr li cu hi trn.
1.1 Mc ch:
nh gi c s khc bit gia sn phm sa ca cng ty ny so vi sn phm sa
ca hai cng ty kia.
1.2 Cch tin hnh:
a) Phng php:A notA
Chia lm hai th nghim ( trc sau), trong tng th nghim A l sn phm sa ln
lt ca hai cng ty c so snh, notA l sn phm sa ca cng ty cn so snh.
b)

c)
d)

Nguyn liu:
Sa 1( mu th ca mt trong hai cng ty): 354,657, 697, 384, 269, 720, 873
Sa 2 ( mu th ca cng ty cn so snh): 910, 438, 764, 285, 459, 487
Ngi th: 24 ngi
Phn cng cng vic:
S lng: 20 ngi
Chun b mu, phc v th nghim: 4 ngi ( lp danh sch)
M ha mu: 1 ngi
Rt mu: 1 ngi
Phc v mu th nghim, hng dn: 2 ngi
Thu mu v v tng hp kt qu
Bo co: 4 ngi kt hp
S ngi tham gia th nghim: 16 ngi
Lu : ngi th phi c k hng dn trc khi tin hnh th nghim, bit c vic
cn lm, ngi hng dn c trch nhim gii p mi thc mc, tr li ngay sau khi th
nghim.

e) Hng dn ngi th:

Hai ngi c phn cng c nhim v gii thch cho ngi th bit h c mi
ti lm g, pht cho ngi th phiu tr li kt qu, gii thiu v cch tin hnh,
Mi ngi s c a ti ch th v c pht 2 mu c m ha, tin hnh
th t tri qua phi ( khng cn phi s dng nc thanh v). Sau khi th xong ngh
mi ngi ghi cu tr li vo phiu tr li ngay.
f) Chun b mu v dng c:
Chun b mu:
Loi mu
S mu trnh by
Lng mu/ ly
Tng lng mu

Sa 1
36
40ml
1,42l

Sa 2
36
40ml
1,42l

Chun b dng c
TT
1
2
3

Loi dng c
Ly PS
Khn giy
Bt ch

S lng
72
24
10

Trt t trnh by mu:

Ngi th
1
2
3
4

24

Trt t
A- notA not A

M ha
354 910 438

g) Phiu hng dn:

Phng Th Nghim Phn Tch Cm Quan

PHIU CHUN B TH NGHIM
Php th A notA
Ngy th:.
Sa 1( mu th ca mt trong hai cng ty): 354,657, 697, 384, 269, 720, 873
Sa 2 ( mu th ca cng ty cn so snh): 910, 438, 764, 285, 459, 487
S mu mi ngi th nhn c: 6
Ngi th
1
2
3
4

24

Trt t
A- notA not A

M ha
354 910 438

h) Phiu tr li:

Phng Th Nghim Phn Tch Cm Quan

PHIU TR LI
Php th A notA
H v tn:

Ngy th:.

Bn s nhn c mt mu sa trong ly k hiu l A. hy th v ghi nh mu ny.

Sau bn s ln lt nhn c 3 mu sa khc, trong s c nhng mu ging vi
mu A. nhim v ca bn l ch ra cho chng ti u l mu A ( nh du cho vo dng
A) v u l mu not A ( nh du cho vo dng notA).
Mu
A
notA

354

438

i) X l kt qu
Kt qu tr li ca ngi th c thng k li xem bao nhiu ln mu A c ngi
th chn l A v notA, bao nhiu ln mu notA c ngi th chn l A v notA. Sau
s dng khi bnh phng phn tch kt qu.

Bi 2
Mt cng ty c ph nhn c mt s li than phin v v ng ca mt sn phm h

mi tung ra th trng. Cng ty mun bit rng liu b sung mt lng nh nc pha c
lm gim v ng ca c ph hay khng ?. Nhm nh gi cm quan phi tin hng mt
php th tr li cu hi trn.

2.1 Mc ch:
Tr li cu hi vic b sung mt lng nh nc pha c ph c lm gim v ng ca
c ph hay khng? .
2.2 Cch tin hnh:
a) Phng php s dng:
S dng phng php 2AFC.
b) Phn cng cng vic:
S lng ngi phc v th nghim: 7 ngi.
M ha mu: 1 ngi.
Pha mu, rt mu: 3 ngi.
Hng dn ngi th: 2 ngi.
Thu mu, bn bo co: 1 ngi.
c) Ngi th:
20 ngi bit cch thng thc c ph v s dng thng xuyn
Ch : cn hng dn ngi th trc khi tin hnh th nghim, ngi th
bit c vic cn lm, ngi hng dn c trch nhim gii p mi thc mc,
tr li ngay sau khi th nghim.
d) Hng dn ngi th:
2 ngi c phn cng c nhim v gii thch cho ngi th bit h c mi
ti lm g?, pht cho ngi th phiu tr li kt qu, gii thiu v cch tin
hnh,
VD: Hm nay mi ngi c mi ti y nm th 2 loi c ph vi cch
pha khc nhau nh gi v ng ca c ph c thay i hay khng? (gim
hay tng). Mi ngi s c a ti ch th v c pht 2 mu c m
ha, tin hnh th t tri qua phi (sau khi th xong mt mu phi s dng
nc thanh v sau mi th mu tip theo). Sau khi th xong ngh mi
ngi nh cu tr li vo phiu tr li ngay.
e) M ha mu mt cch ngu nhin (c giu i vi ngi th)
Mu pha theo cng thc A(cha b sung nc): 327,684,354,826,844,589,213,
Mu pha theo cng thc B( b sung nc): 536,479,352,343,957,824,324,
f) Chun b mu:
3 ngi c phn cng pha 20 mu theo cng thc A, 20 mu theo cng thc B.
Cng thc A: 1 phin c ph cho mt ly, b sung ng va phi (2 mung c
ph )

 Cng thc B: ch nc 1 phin pha 2 ln, trn u hn hp cho 2 ly (2 mung

c ph )
Cho mu vo ly nha, ng nht v hnh dng v kch thc, ly c dn nhn
c m ha.
Th tch c ph 1/3 th tch ly.
Chun b bt, khn giy cho tng ngi.
Lu : mu th phi cn nng, lng ng cho vo tng ly l nh nhau, phng
th phi khc vi phng chun b mu.
g) Ngi th nhn mu: (c giu i vi ngi th)
Ngi 1: AB- 327*536
Ngi 2:BA-343*826
Ngi 3: AB-354*957
Ngi 4: BA-479*684
Ngi 5: AB- 213*352

Ngi 20: BA.-824*589

h) Phiu tr li cu hi:
PHNG TH NGHIM PHN TCH CM QUAN
PHIU TR LI
H v Tn:

Ngy th:.

Sn phm: C ph
Tnh cht: V ng

Bn nhn c 1 b sn phm gm 2 mu c ph. Bn hy nm mu theo th t t phi sang

tri v cho bit mu no khc so vi mu cn li
Ch : Khng nm li mu khi th sang mu khc. Khng thanh v gia nhng ln nm
mu trong 1 b sn phm
Bn nhn c mu c ph c ki hiu l: 327v 536 hy so snh v ng ca mu nh th no?

327

536

i) Thu phiu tr li v tng kt

3

Bi 3
Mt cng ty Cream sa mun thay i cng thc mi v mun bit liu c s khc

nhau gia sn phm c v sn phm mi hay khng. Ban lnh o cng ty ngh nhm
nh gi cm quan tin hnh mt php th cm quan tr li cu hi trn
3.1 Mc tiu:
nh gi s khc bit chung gia 2 sn phm Cream c v Cream mi (s khc nhau
l nh).
Phng php s dng: Chn php th tam gic.
3.2 Cch tin hnh
a) Nguyn liu:
Mu Cream A v mu Cream B
b) S lng ngi th:
24 ngi(khng cn hun luyn)
Lu : ngi th phi c hng dn trc khi tin hnh th nghim, bit c vic
cn lm, ngi hng dn c trch nhim gii p mi thc mc ca ngi th.
c) Phn cng cng vic:
20 ngi
- Chun b mu, phc v th nghim: 5 ngi
M ha mu: 1 ngi
Rt mu: 1 ngi
Phc v mu th nghim, hng dn: 2 ngi
Thu mu v v tng hp kt qu: 1 ngi
-

Bo co: 5 ngi

Ngi tham gia thc nghim: 15 ngi

d) Chun b mu, dng c

- Chun b mu

10

Loi mu
S mu trnh by
Lng mu/ly
Tng lng mu
-

Cream A
36
50ml
1,8l

Cream B
36
50ml
1,8l

Chun b dng c
TT
1
2
3

Loi dng c
Ly PS
Khn giy
Bt ch

S lng
72
24
10

Quy cch, trnh t trnh by mu

-

Mu Cream c trnh by trong ly PS, mi ly cha 50ml dd mu. Mu c trnh

by ng nht v hnh dng, kch thc v c m ha

Trnh by mu: AAB, ABA, BAA, BBA, BAB, ABB

Nc thanh v c ng trong ly thy tinh

Mi ngi th c km 1 khn giy v 1 bt ch

e) Phiu hng dn

Phng th nghim phn tch cm quan

PHIU HNG DN
Bn hy thanh v bng nc lc trc khi th mu
Bn s nhn c 1 b sn phm gm 3 mu Cream, trong c 2 mu ging
nhau. Bn hy nm mu theo th t t tri sang phi v cho bit mu no khc
so vi mu cn li
Ch : Khng nm li mu khi th sang mu khc. Khng thanh v gia
nhng ln nm mu trong 1 b sn phm
f) Phiu tr li

11

Phng th nghim phn tch cm quan

PHIU TR LI
Tn ngi th:.

Ngy

Bn s nhn c 1 b sn phm gm 3 mu Cream, trong c 2 mu ging

nhau. Bn hy nm mu theo th t t tri sang phi v cho bit mu no khc
so vi mu cn li bng cch khoanh trn vo m ca mu
138

108

509

Cm n bn tham gia!
g) M ha mu
- M ha bng 3 k t s, cc s chn ngu nhin
-

Cc mu phi ng nht

Trnh by mu theo trt t

Khng cho ngi th bit trc thng tin mu th

h) Trnh by mu
Ngi th
1
2
.
24

Trt t
AAB
ABA

ABB

M ha
158, 342, 216
215, 346, 327
.
243,916,372

i) X l kt qu
Tnh tng s ln mi sn phm A hoc B m ngi th chn trn phiu
Kt qu php th c x l theo khi bnh phng

12

BI TP PHP TH M T
1. Thu thp danh sch cc thut ng m t v sn phm BIA
Sn phm: Bia vng
STT
1
2
3
4

Nhm thut ng
Tn thut ng
Nhm thut ng Vng chanh, vng rm, vng ngh, vng nu, vng cam, vng
v mu
nht
Mi caramen, mi sulfua, mi este, mi hoa houplon, mi
Nhm thut ng
ru, mi hnh, mi phomat, mi tri cy, mi b, mi ng
v mi, hng
cc, mi rau nu, mi c, mi dung mi, mi i, mi mc
Nhm thut ng V ng ca hoa houplon, v mn, v chua, v ngt, v the, v
v v
cht, v nht
Trng thi
bt, trong

Cc ch tiu trong nh gi cm quan Bia

1. bt: Nh, u, trng, xp. Bt bn, thi gian tn ti di
2. trong, mu sc: Trong sut, mu sc t vng rm n vng nht
3. Hng (mi): D chu, khng c cc mi l
4. V: Hi ho, d chu, khng c v l

13

2. Xy dng bng m t cc c tnh ca sn phm

BNG M T CC C TNH CA SN PHM BIA
Cht chun

trong

Th gic: Gi nghing cc v t t rt bia

vo, sau t cc thng ng trn bn v
tip tc rt cho ti khi lp bt va bng
ming cc. Quan st s thot bt trong lng
dung dch bia, s bm bt trn thnh cc,
thi gian tn ti ca lp bt trn mt dung
dch bia, kch thc ca bt.
Th gic: Lm tng t nh nh gi
trong

bt

Mu
sc

Vng
Ngt

Saccharose

Chua

Axit
hydrocloric
long

ng

Cafein

Cht

Sunfat
dialuminium

Mi
ru

Ethanol

Hng
Mi, hoa
hng houblon
Caramel
Mi i

Cch nh gi
nh ngha
Th gic: T t rt bia vo cc, trnh hin
tng bt tro cho n khi bia chim 3/4 th
tch cc(khng k lp bt). yn cho bt
t t thot ra, sau dng a thy tinh
khuy nh bt thot nhanh, cho n khi trong l khi cho nh
khng cn bt bm trn thnh cc cng nh sng i qua v mt c th
trong lng cc bia. t cc cc bia trn nn nhn xuyn qua
trng v quan st dung dch trong cc t
mi pha trong nh sng t nhin hoc n
hunh quang.

Bt l nhng bong bng

kh nh tp trung vo nhau
v ni ln trn mt mt
cht lng

C mu t vng chanh n
vng nu
V ngt ca mch nha , c
v nh v ca ng, mt
V chua l v cm nhn
c t tnh axit. C v
V gic: nm v a ra nhn xt v v ca
nh v ca chanh, gim
bia
V ng c trng ca hoa
houplon
V cht ca tannin, t hoa
houblon
Cm gic cay, nng, ca
sn phm ln men ru
Hng thm c trng ca
hoa bia, To ra hng v t
Khu gic, v gic: ngi hoc nm v a ra
mi hoa cho ti mi cam
nhn xt v mi bia
qut hay mi tho mc
Mi chy kht ca ng
khi gia nhit
Mi ca cht bo b oxy

14

ha
C v men, v thm ca
bt mi nho, hoc ging
hng v bnh quy

Yeasty
3. Phn nhm cc nhm tnh cht sn phm
TT

Nhm tnh cht

Mu sc

Mi, hng

trong

bt

Tnh cht
Vng: vng chanh, vng rm, vng ngh, vng nu, vng cam,
vng nht
Mi rau qu:mi c kh, mi rm kh, mi qu hch, mi g,
mi g thng, mi hnh nhn
Mi ng cc: dch nha, malt, bt bp, v u
Mi ru
Mi este: Ethyl hexanoate, du chui
Mi bo: du, rancid, iacetyl(b), axit bo
Mailard(mi bnh nng): caramen, burnt
Hng hoa houplon: tinh du, hoa kh, cao hoa
Mi i: moldy, leathery(mi da), papery(mi giy, mi bnh m
lu, mi ba cactng), catty(mi gia sc)
Mi sunfur(lu hunh): mi rau nu, sulfidic, sulfitic, yeasty
V ng: v ng hoa houplon, ng c ph, ca cao
V ngt: ngt lm, ngt mt, ngt mt, ngt mt ong, ngt mch
nha, ngt vani
V chua: sa chua, gim, chanh, vitamin C
V mn: mui n, mui khong
V m: v cay ca tiu, t, s, alcoholic
V the: bc h, long no, ru ethanol
Cacbonation: gas CO2, v nht
Trong sut, ln cn, vn c, cn y

Kch thc bt: nh, to

bn bt: thi gian gi bt lu, thi gian gi bt thp, km
bn
Tnh cht: bt u, khng u, xp, d v, t, nhiu

15

4. V bnh xe mi(Flavour wheel)

Do bot

Mau

Mui

Vi
Do
trong

16

BI TP PHP TH TH HIU
Mt cng ty sn xut sa ti tit trng mun tung ra mt sn phm mi. phng R&D
thc hin php th phn bit nh gi s khc bit v tnh cht cm quan ca sn
phm ny vi 5 sn phm khc cng loi trn th trng. cng ty mun chc chn trc
khi ra qui nh tung ra th trng. ban lnh o cng ty yu cu phng R&D thc hin
mt php th th hiu vi cc nhm sn phm tng t trn.
1. Mc tiu :
nh gi mc yu thch ca sn phm sa ti tit trng c ng ca cng ty vi
5 sn phm khc c mt trn th trng l: Vinamilk, Mc Chu, Ba V, TH true
MILK, Hanoimilk.
2. Phng php s dng:
Php th th hiu
3. Ngi th:
Dng 100 ngi th, l nhng ngi thng s dng sa.
S dng 70% lng khch hng tim nng l hc sinh, sinh vin.
Ngi th cha qua hun luyn.
4. Phn cng vic
5 ngi
M ha mu: 1 ngi
Hng dn: 2 ngi
Chun b mu: 1 ngi
Thu kt qu: 1 ngi
5. Cc bc tin hnh:
a. La chn ngi th:
Ngi th l nhng ngi c la chn thng qua nhng cu hi sau, la chn 100
ngi:

17

H v tn:
Ngh nghip:
Lin h (st hoc gmail):
Trong khong thi gian lm th nghim t . n. bn c th tham gia vo
nhng bui no ngy no trong tun:

.........................................................................................................................................
Thi quen s dng thc phm:
Bn c thng s dng sa ti tit trng khng?
C
Khng
Bn c th s dng sa ti tit trng c ng?
C
Khng

b. Chun b:
Chun b 60 ly PS dung tch 100ml (ng dng v kch thc v mu sc).
6 mu sa, mi mu khong 7 lit.
Chun b 10 bt ch, 120 khn giy.
6. Tin hnh bui th:
a. Hng dn

Sau khi la chn c ngi th, tin hnh lin lc vi ngi th thng qua
in thoi hoc email sp xp bui th, hng dn ng i.
Ni tin hnh bui th l phng nh gi cm quan ca cng ty.
Chia 100 ngi th thnh 10 nhm mi nhm 10 ngi c sp xp th vo
nhng thi gian khc nhau sao cho ph hp.
Khi ngi th n y ta tin hnh hng dn, gii p thc mc.
VD: Ti l .. l nhn vin phng R&D ca cng ty, hm nay mi
ngi c mi ti cng ty tin hnh nh gi cm quan v sn phm sa
ti tit trng c ng. Mi ngi c nhn 6 mu sa v phiu tr li, tin
hnh nm (bao nhiu ty thch). Sau in mc yu thch ca 6 sn phm
theo cm nhn ca mnh theo m ca tng ly, c th c nhng mc ging
nhau. Mi ngi c thc mc g ko?
Sau khi tng ngi hiu ht, tin hnh pht mu v phiu tr li.

18

b. Chun b mu:
Sa c cho vo ly PS 100ml vi lng sa khong 50ml, sa c bo qun
ngn mt t lnh khong 2h trc khi tin hnh th.
Sa c s dng l sa ti khng hng, c ng c cha trong hp ln
C tt c 10 nhm mi nhm 10 ngi, tng ngi s c pht 6 mu theo
ng th t: Mc Chu Vinamilk Mu cng ty Ba V TH true Milk
Hanoimilk

19

7. Phiu chun b:

Phng th nghim phn tch cm quan

PHIU CHUN B TH NGIM

(php th th hiu)
Ngy th: ..
Sa c m ha nh sau:
M Mc Chu (mu I):
Vinamilk (mu II):
Mu cng ty (mu III):
Ba V (mu IV):
TH true Milk (mu V):
Hanoimilk (mu VI):
Ngi th
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

351
294
574
912
129
564

247
379
610
473
576
752

675
193
285
870
678
893

Trnh by
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI
I,II,III,IV,V,VI

189
337
688
974
375
461

351
247
675
189
402
723
967
731
540
213

Bng trn c lp li vi 10 ln th

20

402
430
357
328
839
743

294
379
193
337
430
103
586
715
808
947

723
103
804
560
923
862

967
586
967
148
784
548

M s
574 912
610 473
285 870
688 974
357 328
804 560
967 148
325 329
701 654
482 609

731
715
325
329
267
673

129
576
678
375
832
923
784
267
793
264

540
808
701
654
793
687

564
752
893
461
743
862
548
673
687
283

213
947
482
609
264
283

8. Phiu tr li cu hi:
Phng th nghim phn tch cm quan

PHIU TR LI TH NGIM
(php th th hiu)
H v tn:..

Ngy th:...
Bn nhn c 6 mu sa, in m s mu bn nhn c trn hng mu theo th t t tri
sang phi. Hy th nm sau nh cho vo mc yu thch ca bn theo bng bn di
(c th c nhng v tr trng nhau).
Mu
Cc k khng thch
Rt khng thch
Khng thch
Tng i khng thch
Khng thch, khng ght
Tng i thch
Thch
Rt thch
Cc k thch
Ch : S dng nc v bnh m thanh v sau mi ln th.

9. Tr li cu hi:
1. Bn thng s dng loi sa ti tit trng no?
C ng

Khng ng

2. Hng v sa ti tit trng bn thng s dng?

Sa khng hng
Cam
Du
3. Mc s dng sa ti tit trng nh th no?

Scla

Mi ngy 1 hp(1 bch)

Hn 1 hp(1 bch) mi ngy

Vi ngy 1hp(1 bch)

Hn mt tun 1hp (1 bch)

4. Bn thng s dng sa vo thi gian no?

Sau ba n sng
Sau ba n tra

21

Trc khi i ng
Khng c nh, khi no bn thch
5. Nhn hiu sa bn hay dng?
.................................................................................................................................
6. L do bn la chon sn phm nu trn?
Hp khu v
Gi thnh
Thng hiu uy tn
Khc.
7. Bn thch sn phm ca nhn hiu ny im no?
Hng
V
Ngt
Bo
Bao b
Gi c
Khc:....................................................................
8. Nu c thay i sa ti tit trng bn ang s dng bn s thay i g? Nh
th no?
.................................................................................................................................
9. Trong cc tiu ch la chn sa, tiu ch bn u tin la chn nht?
Gi c
Thng hiu
Thi quen
10. Bn thy gi c sa ti tit trng trn th trng nh th no?
Qu t
t
Ph hp
R
11. Bn bit n nhn hiu sa ti tit trng bn ang s dng trn Phng tin
truyn thng no?
TV
Bo
Ngi khc gii thiu
p phch qung co
12. Bn thng mua sa ti tit trng u?
Siu th
Tp ha
i l phn phi

Cm n bn nhit tnh tham gia!

TI LIU THAM KHO
TIU CHUN VIT NAM: TCVN 6063 : 1995
leminhtam.weebly.com/uploads/3/4/7/6/3476352/se4.pdf
Gio trnh Thc hnh nh gi cm quan _Nguyn Hong Dng, Trng i hc Bch
Khoa TP.HCM 2005
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoa_bia

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