S GIO DC V O TO QUNG TR

CHNH THC

K THI CHN I TUYN HSG QUC GIA Kho ngy: 18 thng 9 nm 2012 Mn thi: HO HC (Vng 1) Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1. (4,0 im) 1. Mt nguyn t R c 3 ng v X, Y, Z bit tng s ht ca 3 ng v bng 129, s ntron ng v X hn ng v Y mt ht. ng v Z c s proton bng s ntron. a) Xc nh in tch ht nhn nguyn t v s khi ca 3 ng v X, Y, Z. b) Bit t l s nguyn t cc ng v nh sau: Z:Y=2769:141 v Y:X=611:390. Xc nh nguyn t khi trung bnh ca R. 2. Cho 3,25 gam h n hp X gm mt kim loi kim M v mt kim loi M (ho tr II) ho tan hon ton trong nc c 1,008 lt kh (ktc) v dung dch D. Chia D thnh 2 phn bng nhau: - Phn 1 em c cn c 2,03 gam cht rn A. - Phn 2 cho tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch HCl 0,35 M c kt ta B. Xc nh M, M, khi lng mi kim loi ban u v tnh khi lng kt ta B. Cu 2. (4,0 im) 1. Ch dng thm mt thuc th, trnh by phng php ha hc nhn bit cc dung dch ring bit sau: NaOH, NaCl, K2S, KI, Pb(NO3)2 v NH3. 2. Cho 10 ml dung dch HA tc dng vi cc th tch khc nhau ca dung dch NaOH a mol/l, nhn thy: phn ng xy ra va khi thm 10 ml dung dch NaOH, nhng nu thm 5 ml dung dch NaOH th thu c dung dch c pH = 4,76. a) Tnh Ka ca axit ni trn. b) Thm 15 ml dung dch NaOH vo 10 ml HA th c dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a. Cu 3. (4,0 im) 1. Pht hin v sa li trong cc phng trnh sau (nu c): a) 3FeCl2 + 2H2SO4 c FeSO4 + 2FeCl3 + SO2 +2H2O c) HF + NaOH NaF +H2O b) 2CrCl3 +3Cl2 +14KOH K2Cr2O7 + 12KCl + 7H2O d) Cl2 +2KI d 2KCl + I2 2. Cho kim loi A tn ti c hai dng lp phng tm khi v lp phng tm din. Khi tn 3 ti dng lp phng tm khi th khi lng ring ca A l 15,0 g/cm . Hy tnh khi lng ring ca A dng lp phng tm din. Cho rng bn knh ca A l nh nhau trong c hai loi tinh th. Cu 4. (4,0 im) 1. Mt dung dch cha 0,2 mol Fe2+ v 0,2 mol Fe3+, dung dch c iu chnh n pH = 1 (dung dch X). a) Xc nh th ca dung dch X. b) Thm vo dung dch X ion OH- n khi pH = 5 (coi th tch l khng i), th ca dung dch o c 0,152V. Cht no kt ta v khi lng l bao nhiu? Tnh TFe(OH)3 . Bit E0Fe3+/Fe2+ = 0,77V. 2. Thc t khong pirit c th coi l hn hp ca FeS2 v FeS. Khi x l 1 mu khong pirit bng brom trong dung dch KOH d, ngi ta thu c kt ta nu A v dung dch B. Nung A n khi lng khng i c 0,2 gam cht rn. Thm lng d dung dch BaCl 2 vo dung dch B th thu c 1,1087 gam kt ta trng khng tan trong axit. Vit phng trnh ho hc cc phn ng dng ion v xc nh cng thc tng qut ca pirit. Cu 5. (4,0 im) Hn hp X gm mt kim loi R v mui cacbonat ca n (c t l mol tng ng l 2:1). Ho tan hon ton 68,4 gam hn hp X trong dung dch HNO 3 thy thot ra hn hp kh Y gm NO v CO2. Cho hn hp kh Y qua dung dch KMnO4 1M trong H2SO4 long d n mt mu th ht 420 ml dung dch KMnO4, kh cn li cho qua dung dch Ca(OH) 2 d thy xut hin kt ta, ng thi khi lng dung dch gim i 16,8 gam. 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra di dng ion thu gn. 2. Xc nh cng thc mui cacbonat ca R v tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng mi cht trong hn hp X. HT. Th sinh c php s dng bng HTTH cc nguyn t ha hc.
thi chn i tuyn HSG Quc gia THPT-Mn Ha hc

S GIO DC V O TO QUNG TR

CHNH THC

K THI CHN I TUYN HSG QUC GIA Kho ngy: 18 thng 9 nm 2012 Mn thi: HO HC (Vng 2) Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1. (3,0 im) So snh v gii thch ngn gn: 1. Tnh baz ca N,N-imetylanilin (1) v 2,4,6-trinitro-N,N-imetylanilin (2). 2. Tnh axit ca dy:
COOH , COOH

COOH , HO

COOH

M N OH HOP Q 3. Nhit si ca: cumen (A), ancol benzylic (B), anisol (C) (metylphenyl ete), benzanehit (D) v axit benzoic (E). Cu 2. (5,0 im) 1. T vi, than , nc v cc cht v c khc, hy vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch cc cht sau: phenol; axit oxalic; 2,4,6-tribromphenol; 2,4,6-tribromanilin. 2. So snh kh nng phn ng th ca cc nguyn t hiro cc nguyn t cacbon bc 1, bc 2, bc 3 trong phn t isopentan. Bit rng khi clo ha isopentan thu c hn hp ng phn dn xut mt ln th nh sau: 1 clo 2 metyl butan 30%; 1 clo 3 metyl butan 15%; 2 clo 3 metyl butan 33%; 2 clo 2 metyl butan 22%. 3. Hirocacbon (A) c cng thc phn t 0 0 l C9 H10. (A) c kh nng tc dng vi Br 2 khan, xc tc bt Fe, t . Hiro ha A vi xc tc Ni, t thu c (B) c cng thc phn t l C 9H12. Oxi ho (B) bng O2 trong H2SO4 thu c axeton. Xc nh cng thc cu to, gi tn A, B v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Cu 3. (4,0 im) 1. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca cc cht t A n J trong s sau:
Khng phn ng

A Mg,ete C CO2
CH3-CH=CH2 + Cl2+ CH3OH B
(

Mg,ete

CO2

PCl5
0

F
3

Br2
OH, HCl

G NH3
H
(3 mol)

C6H13NO3 ) J

NaHCO3

2. A, B, C, D, E l nhng axit xiclobutanicacboxylic ng phn ca nhau. A d dng to anhirit ni phn t . B ch to anhirit khi un nng lu. un khan C sinh ra CO 2, cn D v E khng thay i. Xc nh cu trc ca 5 axit trn, bit rng c th tch D thnh 2 cht i quang. Cu 4. (4,0 im) 1. Hp cht A (C8 H16O) cho phn ng ioofom nhng khng cho phn ng cng H2. Khi un 0 nng A vi H2SO4 c 170 C th ngoi s n phm chnh l B (C8H14) cn thu c 1,2 imetylxiclohexen. Oxi ha B ri thc hin phn ng cacboxyl ha th thu c metylxyclopentan. B khng c ng phn hnh hc. Lp lun xc nh cu to ca A v gii thch s to thnh 1,2 imetylxiclohexen bng c ch phn ng. 2. Khi thy phn hon ton 1 mol tripeptit B thu c 2 mol Glu, 1 mol Ala v 1 mol NH 3. X khng phn ng vi 2,4-initroflobenzen v X ch c mt nhm cacboxyl t do. Thy phn X nh enzim cacboxipeptiaza thu c alanin. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca B. Cu 5. (4,0 im) 1. Mt este E (khng c nhm chc khc) cha 3 nguyn t C, H, O. Ly 1,22 gam E phn ng va vi 200ml dung dch KOH 0,1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c phn hi ch c nc v phn r n l 2,16 gam hn hp mui. t chy hon ton hn hp mui ny thu c 2,64 gam CO2; 0,54 gam H2O v a gam K2CO3.

,t I CH

 thi chn i tuyn HSG Quc gia THPT-Mn Ha hc-Trang 1/2

a) Tnh a v xc nh cng thc phn t. b) Cng thc cu to ca E. Bit khi lng phn t ca E nh hn 140 vC. 2. Hai hp cht th m A v B u c cng thc phn t CnH2n-8O2. Hi B c khi lng ring 5,447 gam/lt (ktc). A c kh nng phn ng vi kim loi Na gii phng H2 v c phn ng trng gng. B phn ng c vi Na2CO3 gii phng kh CO2. a) Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B. b) A1 l ng phn ca A v c nhit si nh nht. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A1 v gii thch. 3. T m-bromtoluen, hy vit s tng hp:

Gi :
RCOOH Ca(OH)2

R
C=O , RBr

CuCN

RCN , C6H5CH3

NBS

C H CH Br
6 5 2

HT. Th sinh c php s dng bng HTTH cc nguyn t ha hc.

thi chn i tuyn HSG Quc gia THPT-Mn Ha hc-Trang 2/2