Huong Dan Hysys

Hng dn hc Hysis
HNG DN S DNG PHN MM HYSIS

& Http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc
Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/
Hng dn hc Hysis
Mc lc
HNG DN S DNG ________________________________________________ 1 PHN MM HYSIS ____________________________________________________ 1 Chng I _____________________________________________________________ 4 TNG QUAN V PHN MM HYSYS ____________________________________ 4 I. II. III. IV.
1.
Tm quan trng ca cc phn mm m phng. __________________________ 5 Gii thiu v phn mm Hysys. _______________________________________ 6 ng dng ca Hysys. _____________________________________________ 7 Gii thiu v cu trc ca Hysys.____________________________________ 8
1.1. 1.2.
Unique Concepts. ______________________________________________________ 8
Flowsheets v Sub-Flowsheets ______________________________________________ 8 Environment. ___________________________________________________________ 9
2. 3.
Powerful Engineering Tools (Cng C thit k ti u). ______________________ 10 Primary Interface Elements (Nh ng yu t tng giao c s). ________________ 11
Ti liu tham kho _____________________________________________________ 13 Chng II____________________________________________________________ 14 CC THAO TC TIP CN PHN MM HYSYS TRONG M HNH HO TNH________________________________________________________________ 14 I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Cc phm nng dng trong HYSYS.___________________________________ 15 Bt u mt qu trnh m phng._____________________________________ 16 Thit t dng v thit b. _________________________________________ 17 PFD __________________________________________________________ 19 Workbook. _______________________________________________________ 21 Cung cp d liu u vo. ________________________________________ 23 Tm mt dng hay thit b - Object Navigator _________________________ 25 Printing._______________________________________________________ 27 Databook.______________________________________________________ 29
Chng III ___________________________________________________________ 33 CC THAO TC TIP CN PHN MM HYSYS TRONG M HNH HO NG _______________________________________________________________ 33 I.
1.
Nhng khi nim chung v hot ng trng thi ng. ___________________ 34

Qu trnh chuyn t trng thi tnh sang trng thi ng.____________________ 34
Hng dn hc Hysis
1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. 1.7. Thm cc n v thit b. _________________________________________________ iu chnh kch thc ca cc thit b._______________________________________ iu chnh p sut ca thp. _______________________________________________ Cc thit b ton hc (logical operations). ____________________________________ Thm cc ch nh p sut-lu lng (Pressure-Flow Specifications)._______________ Thc hin bc chuyn i vo mi trng ng. ______________________________ Troubleshooting (Vic s l s c). _________________________________________ 34 34 35 36 36 37 37
II.
1.
Cng c kim tra trc khi chuyn sang trng thi ng. _________________ 38
Dynamics Assistant. ___________________________________________________ 38
1.1. General Tab. ___________________________________________________________ 39
III.
1. 2.
Integrator. _____________________________________________________ 40
General Tab. _________________________________________________________ 41 Options Tab. _________________________________________________________ 42
IV.
1.
Hot ng ca thp trong trng thi ng. ___________________________ 44

Ch nh p sut l u lng (Pressure Flow Specifications). ___________________ 44
1.1. 1.2. Ch nh p sut lu lng cho thp (Columns). _______________________________ 44 Ch nh p sut lu lng cho Condensers v Reboiler. _________________________ 45 Parameters Tab. ________________________________________________________ Rating Tab. ____________________________________________________________ Dynamics Tab. _________________________________________________________ Tray Section.___________________________________________________________ 46 47 48 49
2.
Khung thuc tnh Column Runner. ______________________________________ 46

2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4.
V.
1. 2. 3.
PID Controller. ___________________________________________________ 52

Connections Tab. _____________________________________________________ 53 Control Valve. ________________________________________________________ 54 Parameters Tab. ______________________________________________________ 58
VI.
Controller Face Plate.____________________________________________ 62
Hng dn hc Hysis
Chng I TNG QUAN V PHN MM HYSYS
Hng dn hc Hysis
I.
Tm quan trng ca cc phn mm m phng.

Du v cc sn phm du m c bit n t xa xa. Mi u con
ngi dng n thp sng hoc cha bnh. Nhu cu v du v sn ph m ch bin t du gia tng t ngt vo u th k XX do s xut hin ca ng c t trong cng nh do s pht trin nhanh chng ca cc ngnh cng nghip. Do vy, du m v kh t t nhin ngy cng ng vai tr quan trng trong cuc sng con ngi. Hin nay, du v kh cng nh cc sn phm ca chng c s dng trong tt c cc nghnh kinh t th gii. ngha ca du v sn phm ca du c bit tng nhanh vo nhng nm gn y, nht l sau cuc khng hong nng lng xy ra ti nhiu nc pht trin. Du v kh t nhin ngy cng c s dng rng ri khng ch nh mt cht t truyn thng m cn nh mt dng nguyn liu qu gi cho cng nghip ho hc. Nh bc hc Nga v i Menlp tng ni rng em du lm cht t - l ti li, bi du l nguyn liu qu iu ch rt nhiu cc sn phm ho hc. [1] p ng nhu cu ngy cng ln cc sn phm du m c v s lng v cht lng, chng ta phi khng ngng ci tin v cng ngh v phng php sn xut. V vy, cc cng trnh nghin cu khoa hc, cc d n thit k c tin hnh, v cng vi s pht trin vt bc ca ngnh cng ngh thng tin, vi nhng my tnh tc cao, cc h iu hnh siu vit, cc lp trnh vin gp phn to ln cho s ra i ca cc phn mm m phng. Trc y ln k hoch cho mt d n i hi rt nhiu thi gian, v kh nng thc hin d n l kh c th khng th bit trc c. Nhng khi cc phn mm m phng ra i, th cng vic tr nn nh nhng i rt nhiu, chng ta c th m phng hot ng ca cc nh my trong cc ch vn hnh khc nhau, thay i cc thng s lm vic ca bt k n v hot ng no m khng nh hng n qu trnh hot ng chung ca nh my. Ngoi ra, vi nhng tnh nng
Hng dn hc Hysis ca cc phm mm m phng ta c th thit k c cc d n khc nhau, tm c phng n ti u, nhanh, cho kt qu kh quan v t hiu qu kinh t, quan trng hn na l p dng c cho hu ht cc lnh vc ca nghnh du kh v cc ngnh cng ngh ho hc, m bo c tnh kh thi cho nhng k hoch ln s c thc hin trong tng lai. Mt s phn mm m phng: - Simsci (PRO//II). - Hyprotech (HYSIM, HYSYS, HTFS, STX/ACX, BDK). - Bryan research & engineering (PROSIM, TSWEET). - Winsim (DESIGN II for Windows). - IDEAS Simulation. - Simulator 42. - RSI. - Chemstations. .. L mt k s cng ngh nghnh lc ho du trong tng lai, mi ngi trong chng ta nn trang b cho mnh mt phn mm m phng gip cho cng vic c tt hn. [2]
II. Gii thiu v phn mm Hysys.

Hysys l phm mm chuyn dng dng tnh ton v m phng cng ngh c dng cho ch bin du v kh, trong cc qu trnh x l v ch bin kh c s dng nhiu nht. Hysys chy trn Windows l phin bn mi ca Hysim, phn mm ny trc y dng trn h iu hnh Dos. Hysys l sn phm ca cng ty Hyprotech-Canada thuc cng ty AEA Technologie Engineering Software - Hyprotech Ltd. L mt phn mm c kh nng tnh ton a dng, cho kt qu c chnh xc cao, ng thi cung cp nhiu thut ton s dng, tr gip trong qu trnh tnh ton cng ngh, kho st cc
Hng dn hc Hysis thng s trong qu trnh thit k nh my ch bin kh. Ngoi th vin c sn, Hysys cho php ngi s dng to cc th vin ring rt thun tin cho vic s dng. Ngoi ra Hysys cn c kh nng t ng tnh ton cc thng s cn li nu thit lp thng tin. y chnh l im mnh ca Hysys gip ngi s dng trnh nhng sai st v ng thi c th s dng nhng d liu ban u khc nhau. Hysys c thit k s dng cho hai trng thi m phng: Steady Mode: Trng thi tnh, s dng thit k cng ngh cho mt qu trnh. Dynamic Mode: Trng thi ng, m phng thit b hay quy trnh trng thi ang vn hnh lin tc, kho st s thay i cc p ng ca h thng theo s thay i ca mt vi thng s.
III. ng dng ca Hysys.

Hysys bao gm cc ng dng sau: Hysys.Concept: Thit k v bo v h thng phn tch mt cch hiu qu nht. Hysys.Process: Gim thp nht vn u t v chi ph vn hnh, chn la cch bo qun, cc c tnh v phn loi thit b, trang b v sa cha cc thit b ci tin qu trnh hot ng v iu khin nh my. Hysys.Plant: S dng cng c m phng a ra cc iu kin thun li, nh gi hot ng ca nh my hin hnh, trang b cc thit b t c tin cy v hot ng, an ton, li nhun cao nht. Ci tin cc thit b c sn v m rng quy m nh my hin hnh. Hysys.OTS: Nhng qui trnh hng dn hot ng gip ngi vn hnh nm bt v cng ngh, mc an ton trong hot ng ca nh my, lm theo nhng qui tc hng dn v an ton v vn hnh tng li nhun.
Hng dn hc Hysis Hysys.RTO+: Ti u hiu qu nh my, chuyn i m hnh sn xut, s dng cng ngh c sn v tng li nhun trong hot ng bng cch cho php nhng thay i v cng ngh v sn phm. Economix: Nhng d liu thu c t m phng l cng c c bn da vo n m c nhng thng tin xc thc nhm quyt nh v vn u t v xy dng mt cch c hiu qu nht. Trong phm vi n ny ta ch s dng Hysys.Plant.
IV. Gii thiu v cu trc ca Hysys.

Cu trc c bn ca Hysys c th hin qua ba im quan trng sau: Unique Concepts (Nhng khi nim duy nht): Mc nh cch m ngi s dng xy dng mi trng m phng trn Hysys. Powerful Engineering Tools (Nhng cng c thit k ti u): Quyt nh cch Hysys thc hin cc php tnh ton. Primary Interface Elements (Nhng yu t tng giao c s): c dng gip ngi s dng lm vic vi Hysys.
1. Unique Concepts.
Hysys c xy dng da trn rt nhiu khi nim quan trng c th thc hin hiu qu nht qu trnh m phng. Hai khi nim quan trng nht quyt nh n cch thc c bn ngi s dng xy dng mt qu trnh m phng trn Hysys l: Nhng khi nim v Flowsheet v Sub-Flowsheet. Nhng khi nim v Environment (Mi trng).
1.1.
Flowsheets v Sub-Flowsheets
Hysys Flowsheets gm cc thnh phn sau: - Mt Fluid Package c nhng tnh cht v Package nh thnh phn v
trng thi .v.v. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 8
Hng dn hc Hysis - Flowsheet Objects gm nhng thit b v dng vt cht hay dng nng lng. - PFD l m phng bng hnh v, ch ra mi lin kt gia cc thit b v dng vt cht hay dng nng lng. - Workbook l nhng kt qu m phng c xut ra di dng bng (c mt mn hnh ring biu din cc Flowsheets). T flowsheets chnh, ta c th dng nhng Sub-Flowsheet vic m t c r rng hn. Cu trc c nhiu Flowsheet ca Hysys chng t c u im ca mnh: + Ta c th phn chia mt quy trnh ln thnh nhng quy trnh nh chnh xc hn. + C th xy dng mt qu trnh lm mu v s dng cho nhng m hnh m phng khc. + C th to mt Sub-Flowsheet trong mt Sub-Flowsheet khc. Cu trc c nhiu Flowsheet ca Hysys gn ging vi cu trc th mc, trong th mc chnh l Flowsheet, th mc con l Sub-Flowsheet v cc file c ni dung l nhng thng tin v thit b hoc dng vt cht hay dng nng lng.
1.2.
Environment.
Khi nim cho php ta xut hay nhp nhng thay i trong mt mi trng
ny m cc mi trng khc vn gi nguyn nh khi ta cn trong mi trng . C 5 Environment trong Hysys: - Basis (c bn). Ni to ra, nh ngha hay thay i Fluid Package. Ni chung, mt Fluid Package s cha ti thiu mt Property Package cng nh thnh phn ca cc cu t gi nh, ngoi ra cn c th cha nhng thng tin v cc thng s tng tc hay phn ng. - Oil Characterization (c trng v du).
Hng dn hc Hysis Cho php ta c trng ho nhng lu cht du m bng cc nh ngha nhng Assay v Blend. c trng du cho php to ra cc cu t gi s dng trong Fluid Package. Mi trng du l duy nht c th n t Basic mi trng. - Main Flowsheet (Flowsheet chnh). y l mi trng m phn ln ta s s dng ci t hay nh ngha cc dng hay thit b v Sub-Flowsheet. - Sub-Flowsheet. Chc nng tng t nh Main Flowsheet, nhng mc nh hn. Column (thp). nh ngha hay ci t nhng dng v thit b lin quan n thp chng ct nh s a, thit b ngng tu, thit b un si li Mi lin h gia cc mi trng trong Hysys:
2. Powerful Engineering Tools (Cng C thit k ti u).

Hysys cho php ta tit kim rt nhiu thi gian khi tin hnh thao tc m phng v tnh ton, iu ny c th hin r qua ba im sau: Bt c khi no ta a vo mt thng tin mi, Hysys s t ng tnh li tt c nhng nh hng ca thng s ny v a ra nhng thng tin cp nht nht mi v tr. Khi a vo thng tin cn thit, Hysys s t ng tnh rt nhanh. Kt qu c truy xut theo hai chiu (trc v sau).
Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 10
Hng dn hc Hysis
3. Primary Interface Elements (Nhng yu t tng giao c s).

C rt nhiu cch truy cp thng tin trong Hysys v cc thng tin lun c cp nht. Ba yu t tng giao c s l: - PFD (Process Flow Diagram): L s m t qu trnh m phng bng hnh v, biu din nhng mi lin h gia cc dng v thit b. Ta c th dng PFD xy dng hay kim tra nhng tnh ton ca mnh v a ra nhng thng tin v qu trnh bng cch dng cc bng cn bng vt cht (Materiel Balance Tables). - Workbook: l tp hp ca nhiu trang trnh by nhng thng tin v qu trnh di dng bng. Mi trang s a ra nhng thng tin c th v mt dng hay thit b no . - Property View (khung thuc tnh): gm nhiu khung thuc tnh ca cc dng hay thit b. Thng tin gia nhng yu t trn l ging nhau hon ton, nn ta c th truy cp u thun tin nht.
Hng dn hc Hysis
ngha ca cc biu tng trn Object Palette.
Hng dn hc Hysis
Ti liu tham kho

Ti liu tham kho : www.simsci.com www.hyprotech.com www.aspectec.com www.bre.com www.ideas-simulation.com www.sim42.com www.prosim.net www.rsi-france.com www.cit-wulkow.de www.chemstations.net
Hng dn hc Hysis
Chng II CC THAO TC TIP CN PHN MM HYSYS TRONG M HNH HO TNH
Hng dn hc Hysis
I.
Cc phm nng dng trong HYSYS.
Hng dn hc Hysis
II. Bt u mt qu trnh m phng.

1. Chn nt New Case. 2. Chn Add t Simulation Basis Manager.
Nhp mt Fluid Package c lu trn a.
Nhm ny cha tt c thuc tnh ca Packages.
Danh sch lc
4. La chn cu t cho Case.
Hng dn hc Hysis
5. Cung cp cc thng tin c yu cu vo trong Fluid Package: Parameters cung cp thng tin v cu t tinh khit/c tnh ca package. Binary Coefficients nghin cu, cung cp, hay c lng nh phn. Stability Test xc nh phng php c s dng cho s tnh ton n nh pha. Reactions thit t phn ng. Notes ghi ch. 6. ng khung thuc tnh quay tr li Basis Manager v nhn nt Enter Simulation Environment xy dng qu trnh m phng.
III. Thit t dng v thit b.

Phm nng Object Palette Summary View Dng F11 Double click vo biu tng dng vt cht hay dng nng lng. Nhn Add Material hay Add Energy button. Trong New ca mt dng vt cht hay dng nng lng trn Workbook page, nhp tn mi cho dng. Thit b F12 Double click vo biu tng thit b. Nhn Add button m the UnitOps Selection Dialog. Trong New ca mt thit b trn Workbook page, nhp tn mi ca thit b. Trn UnitOps page, chn Add UnitOp.
Workbook
Hng dn hc Hysis Summary View Tools\Summaries\View
UnitOps Selection Dialog

Danh sch cc n v thit b Chn cc n v thit b Add chn thm thit b
Object Palette.
Object Palette c th c dng thit t trc tip dng v thit b vo trong HYSYS. m hay ng Object Palette dng phm nng F4. Thit t mt dng v thit b ring l. 1. Double click vo nt thch hp. or 1. Click vo biu tng vi chut tri. 2. Click vo nt Add. Dng v thit b c th c ko (bng chut phi) vo trong PFD; hay click mt ln trn Object Palette v mt ln na trn PFD (bng chut tri). Thit t nhiu dng hay thit b ca cng mt loi dng hay thit b. (Use Modal Property Views must be Off under Preferences.) Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 18
Hng dn hc Hysis 1. Click Lock trn nh ca Object Palette. 2. Bng chut tri, click vo biu tng ca dng v thit b m bn mun thit t. 3. Chn Add thit t dng hay thit b. 4. Lp li bc #3 cho nhiu ln nhiu nu cn thit. chm dt hot ng, la chn nt i tng khi trong ch locke, nhn Cancel.
IV. PFD
Ta c th m PFD bng cch nhn nt PFD trn Button Bar PFD cho bt k Flowsheet (t bt k ni no) s dng CTRL P. , hay m
truy cp n danh sch i tng kho st t con tr chut ln i tng (biu tng hay khong trng trn PFD) v nhn chut phi.
Cc nt dng trn PFD.

Move/Attach - move (khng c nhn) cho php bn chuyn di thit b v dng. Attach (nhn) cho php bn lin kt dng v thit b. Size Mode - cho php thay i kch thc ca i tng c la chn. Break Connection - ph v lin kt gia mt dng v mt thit b. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 19
Hng dn hc Hysis Swap Connections - di chuyn im lin kt ca hai dng c gn vo cng mt thit b. Drag Zoom - gi chut tri v ko xung quanh vng chn phng to khu vc th hin PFD. Add Text Annotation - cho php bn thm mc vo PFD. Quick Route Mode cho php thao tc cc biu tng nhanh chng trn PFD khng t v tr li ca cc dng/biu tng khc. Zoom In - thu nh khung hin th 25% Zoom All - hin th ton b s quy trnh trong ca s hin thi. Zoom Out - phng ln khung hin th 25%
Thit t dng v thit b.

1. La chn thit b bng chut tri t Object Palette. 2. Click chut tri trn PFD ni i tng mi c thit t.
Lin kt hai thit b.
1. Chuyn sang ch Attach*. 2. im lin kt sn c s bt sng trn biu tng khi con tr chut chy qua n. t con tr chut vo v tr mong mun. 3. Gi chut tri, con tr chut thay i thnh cng c kt ni dng. Kiu kt ni (Feed, Product, etc.) c th hin. 4. Ko chut hng v im lin kt khc. 5. Khi bn chp nhn im lin kt, cng c kt ni xut hin. 6. Th chut hon tt lin kt. * vo ch Attach, la chn nt, hay gi phm CTRL tm thi bt tt ch trong khi s lin kt c thc hin.
Hng dn hc Hysis
To mt dng mi t mt thit b.
1. Chuyn sang ch Attach*. 2. t con tr vo im lin kt theo yu cu. 3. Con tr s thay i n cng c kt ni dng. 4. Gi chut tri v ko dng n ch trng trn PFD. 5. Th chut t biu tng dng mi.
Lin kt mt thit b n dng hin hnh (hay ngc li).
1 - 4. ging nh trn. 5. Khi bn chp nhn im kt ni th cng c kt ni xut hin. 6. Th chut hon tt s kt ni.
V.
Workbook.
Workbook c th m cho Flowsheet hin hnh bng vic la chn nt
Workbook hay s dng phm nng CTRL W. Workbook gm c nhiu trang m trnh by s liu cng ngh dng bng. Mt Workbook page ring bit c th cha ng dng hay thit b, nhng ch mt kiu i tng cho Workbook page c php. Mc nh l dng vt cht (Material Streams) Workbook page.
Double click m khung thuc tnh ca dng Double click m khung thuc tnh ca thit b
Double click m khung Input Composition Include Sub Flowsheets th hin SubFlowsheet ca cc dng. Show Name Only trnh by tn dng, nhanh tm ra dng .
Hin th Workbook pages.
Tt c cc thit b c gn bi dng c lit k trong hp ny
Hng dn hc Hysis
Thm vo hay sa i mt trang Workbook

Ta c th thm mt trang mi vo Workbook nh mt bn son tho hin hnh. Thc hin nh sau: 1. Chn Workbook t Menu Bar, v chn Setup. 2. Khung Setup m. Nu mun thm mt trang mi, click vo nt Add trn nhm Workbook Pages. 3. Nu thm mt trang mi, xut hin khung New Object Type. Double click vo + truy cp tu chn thp hn. La chn kiu i tng cho trang mi.
4. T khung Setup, s dng Use Set (4a), Add (4b) hay nt Delete sa i danh sch bin.
Hin th cc bin cho trang Workbook Hin th chnh xc ca cc bin
nh r thit t cho mi kiu i tng. Cc bin thay i ph thuc vo kiu i tng
Hng dn hc Hysis
t tt c hay cc cu t c bit Chn bin thm vo C th thay i tn trnh by
5. Trc khi quay v Workbook hin hnh, bn c th ch r nh dng cho bin, thay i th t ca cu t trn Workbook page, thay i tn trang, hay thm nhiu bin na. 6. Nhn Close quay v Workbook.
VI. Cung cp d liu u vo.

Cc kiu nhp liu khc nhau (bng k t, s) c th c cung cp vo trong HYSYS, vi nhiu phng php khc nhau, s dng chut hay bn phm.
La chn nhp liu t danh sch th xung.

Chn cn nhp liu, click vo du mi tn xung hin th danh sch th xung. Nhp liu c th c la chn bng chut hay bn phm. S dng chut nhp liu.
1. La chn hnh mi tn ti m danh sch th xung. 2. S dng Scroll Bar / Button di chuyn sut danh sch. 3. Lm ni bt mc m mnh mong mun. 4. Kch chut chn vo . S dng bn phm nhp liu
Hng dn hc Hysis
1. Kch hot cn nhp liu. 2. Nhn mi tn i xung m danh sch th xung. 3. Vit tn ca dng, v HYSYS s di chuyn n dng sng vit tn, hay s dng mi tn xung chn dng. 4. Nhn ENTER chn.
Cung cp d liu vo dng Matrix.

Ta c th s dng chut hay bn phm (hay dng phm F2) la chn nhp liu mong mun t danh sch th xung c tm thy trn Edit Bar.
Cung cp d liu vo dng s 1. Trng nhp d liu dng s c xp thnh bc trn Edit Bar.
n v c hin th trn hp n v Nhit c kch hot
2. Lp li qu trnh nhp liu t bn phm trn Edit Bar vi n v mc nh c trnh by trn hp n v. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 24
Hng dn hc Hysis 3. Sau khi cung cp nhp liu dng s, nhn SPACE BAR kch hot danh sch cc n v. 4. Chn n v mong mun. 5. Nhn ENTER chp nhn n v. 6. Gi tr u vo c chuyn v v c gn n v mc nh.
VII. Tm mt dng hay thit b - Object Navigator

Ta c th s dng Object Navigator nh v v quan st Flowsheet c s trong Flowsheet khc, hay nhp vo mi trng xy dng cho mt Flowsheet. 1. Bn c th truy cp the Object Navigator bng cc cch sau y: Double clicking vo khong trng ca DeskTop Nhn nt Navigator trn Button Bar S dng phm nng F3, hay Chn Flowsheet t Menu Bar, v sau chn Find Object.
Lc danh sch cc i tng ca Flowsheet Double click vo i tng m khung thuc tnh M khung thuc tnh cho i tng Vo mi trng xy dng cho Flowsheet. M hp thoi cung cp tn i tng cn nh v
2. T nhm Flowsheets ni r the Flowsheet cha ng i tng mong mun.
3. Chn i tng trn nhm Flowsheet Objects. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 25
Hng dn hc Hysis
4. Nhn nt View (hay double-click) m khung thuc tnh.
Variable Navigator
Variable Navigator c s dng la chn cc bin cng ngh, c s dng trong thit b nh l PID Controller v Adjust. N s dng cu trc ging nh Object Navigator, nhng cho php bn la chn ng thi Flowsheet, Object, Variable, v Variable Specific. V d, la chn bin cng ngh cho PID Controller, s dng Variable Navigator.
1. La chn nt Navigator Scope thch hp cho i tng. 2. Chn nt lc danh sch Object. 3. La chn Flowsheet cha ng bin. 4. La chn Object lm ch bin. 5. La chn Variable mong mun. 6. La chn Variable Specific khi thch hp. 7. Nu mun cung cp nhiu thng tin Variable Description. 8. Nu thay i s lin kt, s dng nt Disconnect. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 26
Hng dn hc Hysis
VIII.
Printing.
Ta c th in nhng trang tnh c ch nh cho dng, thit b, cc cu t, tin ch Utilities, cng c phn tch DataBook, Fluid Packages, (d liu dng bng) Tabular data, Reactions, Reaction Sets, thuc tnh ngi dng (User Properties), thng tin v c tnh ca du v PFD. Bn c th truy cp printing qua File menu, Object Inspection, hay Reports.
Object Inspection (kch chut phi) vo Title Bar truy cp tu chn in trang tnh
Tu chn In
Khi bn chn Print t File menu, HYSYS in cc trang tnh ch nh cho cc i tng c chn.
i tng c trang tnh s c in.
xem trc s xut hin ca trang tnh trc khi in
Cc trang tnh cho cc i tng.
In trang tnh nh mt file vn bn.
Hng dn hc Hysis
Reports
Ta c th in nhiu trang tnh cho dng v thit b trn mt Report n, c th truy cp vo Report vi phm nng CTRL R hay nhiu Reports trong Tools trn Menu Bar.
Report hin hnh To mt Report mi v m Report a Report n my in Xem trc Report
M Report Builder v son tho Report
a Report n mt file
Xy dng Report
Xy dng Report l ni chn cc trang tnh c trong Report, cng nh tu chnh hnh thc ca Report (Page Setup).
Cc trang tnh thm vo c trnh by y S trang trong Report
Thm trang tnh ca dng v thit b vo trong Report
B cc trang tnh t Report
Hng dn hc Hysis
IX. Databook.
Ta c th truy cp vo DataBook bng cch s dng t hp phm CTRL D. DataBook cung cp truy cp n Process Data Tables, Strip Charts, Data Recorder v Case Studies.
Cc bin c s dng cho tt c cc cng c phn tch DataBook t y
Truy cp n Variable Navigator thm cc bin
Strip Charts Page Strip Charts c thit t c th thng qua Strip Charts page.
M StripChart c chn
Tn ca StripChart (lu lng v cc bin chnh c th c thay i
Khung thit t StripChart
Kch hot vo cc bin c hin th trn StripChart
Hng dn hc Hysis
The Strip Chart View

Mi bin c mt trc t l Y, v gi tr nh nht v ln nht cho mi bin c th t c lp
Kch chut phi vo th v la chn Graph Control truy cp vo khung nh dng X-Axis lun l thi gian C th t Time Span cho th trn trang Overall Chart Properties ca khung Setup
Khung hnh dng ca Strip Chart.

Khung Configuration cha ng 3 tabs, mi tab s ch r cc b phn xut hin ca th. General tab c th hin di y.
c th trng thy trc th Tu chn din mo th
Tab ny gm tu chn nh dng cho curves v axes cho stripchart.
M DataBook
M khung Logger Setup
Hng dn hc Hysis
Process Data Tables

Process Data Tables cho php xem xt cc bin cng ngh chnh. Ta c th m khung hnh theo di lin tc gi tr ca bin.
Nhp tn ca Process Data Table
Khi la chn nt View, Process Data Table s c trnh by.
Data Recorder
Data Recorder cho php bn lu tr mn hnh ha ca quy trnh bng cch nhm cc bin cng ngh chnh vo trong nhng tnh hung (Scenarios) khc nhau.
La chn nt View trnh by Scenario hoc Table hay Graph
Hng dn hc Hysis
Case Studies
Cng c Case Study cho php bn quan st cch tr li ca bin cng ngh trong m hnh ho tnh thay i trong quy trnh. Ta c th ch r phm vi thp v cao, cng nh bc nhy (step sizes); HYSYS thay i bin c lp tng ln mt, v mi ln thay i, bin ph thuc c tnh ton v mt State mi c xc nh.
Truy cp vo khung Setup ca Case Studies
Thay i nh dng d liu dng bng v th
Th hin Case Studies dng bng hay th
Chn View m Setup view
S state c t ng cp nht khi thm bound v step size Kt qu trnh by theo bng hay th
Hng dn hc Hysis
Chng III CC THAO TC TIP CN PHN MM HYSYS TRONG M HNH HO NG
Hng dn hc Hysis
I.
Nhng khi nim chung v hot ng trng thi ng.

Mc ny a ra mt s hng dn hay cc bc sng to v chy mt
qu trnh m phng trong ch ng. Ta c th sng to trc tip trong ch ng (Dynamic mode). Cc n v hot ng c th c thm vo d dng trong ch ng nh trong ch tnh. Integrator (my phn tch) s chy sau khi mi n v hot ng c thm vo phn tch trng thi dng ra ngoi cho cc n v hot ng c thm vo. Hoc c th xy dng m hnh ho ng bng cch sng to bi ton trong m hnh ho tnh. Thc hin chuyn i sang ch ng vi mt vi sa i thit k quy trnh hot ng v ch r c im ca dng.
1. Qu trnh chuyn t trng thi tnh sang trng thi ng.

Ta s nhn thy lu lng trn thit b tm thy nh mt kt qu ca mi quan h p sut-lu lng. Trc khi qu trnh chuyn tip t m hnh ho tnh sang m hnh ho ng xy ra, s quy trnh qu trnh m phng s c thit t xc nh tr lc tn ti qua thit b.
1.1.
Thm cc n v thit b.
Nhn bit cc dng vt cht khng c quan h p sut lu lng c kt
ni ti hai n v hot ng v lu lng ca cc dng ny phi c ch nh r trong m hnh ho ng. Cc n v hot ng bao gm thit b SEPARATOR v COLUMN. Khi thm mt n v hot ng, nh VALVES, HEAT EXCHANGERS, hay PUMPS, th phi xc nh quan h p sut lu lng cho cc dng . C th ch nh r lu lng trn dng thay v s dng thit b xc nh lu lng.
1.2.
iu chnh kch thc ca cc thit b.

Kch thc ca tt c cc n v hot ng trong qu trnh m phng s
dng trang thit b thc t hay c xc nh theo kch thc k thut. Kch thc ca a trong thp c th hon thnh bng cch s dng Tray Sizing utility trn Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 34
Hng dn hc Hysis Utilities page. Vessels s c thay i kch thc iu tit lu lng thc v p sut ca thit b trong khi ang duy tr hot ng c th m bo thi gian lu. Nguyn tc iu chnh kch thc ca cc thit b ni chung (Equipment Sizing). Vessels (SEPARATORS, CONDENSERS, REBOILERS) phi c thay i kch thc thi gian lu lng t 5 - 15 pht. S tnh ton kch thc v chi ph c th c thc hin bng cch s dng Vessel Sizing utility trn Sizing page ca Rating tab. Valves c thay i kch thc da vo c tnh lu lng. Valve s thay i kch thc vi m ca valve l 50% v tr lc nm trong khong 15 - 30 kPa. iu chnh kch thc a ca thp. (Column Tray Sizing). Tray Sizing c th c hon thnh cho thp tch bng cch s dng Tray Sizing utility trong Utilities page. Mt vi tin ch s dng s b hn ch trong m hnh ho tnh. Cc a c nh kch thc tu theo lu lng hin hnh v thi gian lu mong mun trn a. Cc thng s quan trng bao gm: Tray diameter (ng knh a) Weir length (chiu di vch ngn) Weir height (chiu cao vch ngn) Tray spacing (khong cch gia hai a)
1.3.
iu chnh p sut ca thp.

Trong m hnh ho tnh, p sut ca thp l do ngi dng nh ngha.
Trong m hnh ho ng, n c tnh ton bng cch s dng s tnh ton thu ng lc. Nu nh p sut trng thi tnh l rt khc nhau t tnh ton tr lc, th s c s xo trn ln lu lng trong thp khi Integrator chy. S c lng hp l p sut ca thp c th c tnh ton bng cch s dng the Tray Sizing utility. Tin ch ny cung cp mt gi tr Max DP/Tray trn Results tab. p sut ca thp
Hng dn hc Hysis c th c tnh ton bng cch s dng gi tr ny (Max DP/Tray), v s ch nh r p sut mong mun bt k ni u trn thp. Chng ta c th thay i gi tr Max DP/Tray m t c p sut mong mun qua thp. Vic ny d dng thc hin bng cch sa i chiu cao vch ngn (Weir height) trn Ratings tab trong Tray Sizing utility. Gim chiu cao vch ngn thp hn p sut tnh (static head contributions) v thp hn gi tr Max DP/Tray. Trong ch ng, Nozzle Pressure Flow Kfactors (c tm thy trn Dynamics tab ca khung thuc tnh ca Main TS) c th c iu chnh ti u tr lc qua thp.
1.4.
Cc thit b ton hc (logical operations).

Cc thit b ton hc t m hnh ho tnh sau c b qua trong m hnh
ho ng. ADJUST c th t li bng PID Controllers. RECYCLE l khng cn thit trong m hnh ho ng.
1.5.
Thm cc ch nh p sut-lu lng (Pressure-Flow

Ch nh r p sut lu lng cho mi dng ca s cng ngh. B iu
Specifications).
khin ng vai tr to ln m bo tnh n nh cho qu trnh tnh ton pressureflow.
Cc ch quan trng khi xy dng trng thi ng.

1. Phi c bit ch vi vic c nh tr lc trong thit b. Mt vi ch nh r c nh tr lc trong thit b c th mang li kt qu khng hin thc, nh xut hin lu lng theo chiu tng p sut. Nh kim tra vic c nh tr lc trong thit b un si li v thit b lm ngui ca thp. 2. Dng nguyn liu vo v sn phm ra khi tng a s c p sut ging nh p sut a . Nu nh c s khc nhau ln v p sut gia dng nguyn liu hay dng sn phm vi tng a v kt qu l c lng ln dng vt cht di chuyn vo hay ra khi thp.
Hng dn hc Hysis Chy Integrator sau khi cc n v thit b c thm vo trong ch ng. Khng ging nh mi trng tnh, th dng ra ngoi ca n v thit b trong ch ng khng c tnh ton cho n khi Integrator chy. Integrator s chy lu t c gi tr ph hp mi cho dng ra ngoi ca cc thit b.
1.6.
Thc hin bc chuyn i vo mi trng ng.

Click vo nt Dynamic Mode chuyn t m hnh ho tnh sang m hnh ho ng.
1.7.
Troubleshooting (Vic s l s c).

Hp thoi thng bo li s xut hin mi khi Integrator chy:
Too many specifications/ Not enough specifications

Hp thoi Too many specifications cho bit HYSYS.Plant tm ra qu nhiu s ch nh. Ca s Equation Summary View xut hin cng vi hp thoi cung cp s gip , s trnh by s qua ch nh khng c yu cu. Nhn nt Full Analysis (hay nt Partitioned Analysis, nu c). Lc ny, HYSYS kho st cc vn c th xy ra trong phm vi ca qu trnh m phng. Nhn Extra Specs tab pht hin nhng gi tr c kh nng xy ra m khng c yu cu bi HYSYS. Hp thoi Not enough specifications cho bit qu trnh m phng pht hin ra qu t ch nh r. Extra Specs tab trong the Equation Summary View i hi cn phi c cc bin c th thiu t qu trnh m phng. Dynamics Assistant c th gip nhn bit thiu st , P-F specifications s c thm vo hay xo b t qu trnh m phng ng.
Singular Problem (Cc vn ng ch )

Hp thoi cho bit khng phi tt c cc cng thc trong ma trn the PF solver l c lp vi nhng cng thc khc. Hp thoi ny xut hin khi mt hay nhiu cng thc khng cn thit (rm r). V d, nu mt VALVE ang s dng ch nh tr lc, dng vo v dng ra c hai u khng c ch nh r p sut. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 37
Hng dn hc Hysis Th tr lc tr thnh d tha. N hu ch cnh bo cc vn ng ch . HYSYS c kh nng nhn bit s ch nh p sut lu lng d tha v cho php Case gii.
The Pressure Flow Solver failed to converge

Hp thoi ny cho bit mt hay nhiu ch nh p sut lu lng c th khng ph hp. Hp ny ch xut hin nu c tnh trng ri lon ln t ngt n qu trnh m phng. N gip ch vo Equation Summary View nhn bit cc vn xy ra trong s quy trnh. Nhn nt Full Analysis (hay nt Partitioned Analysis, nu c). Bng cch nhn nt Update Sorted List trn Unconverged tab, HYSYS hin th cc kiu ca cng thc, v tr, v phm vi li mc phi (type of equation, location, and scaled error) kt hp vi cc giao im cha c gii (unconverged nodes) trong s quy trnh cng ngh. c bit ch n cc n v thit b vi cc li ln trn Uncoverged tab. Kim tra th tch ca Vessel ca n v hot ng cha converged v chc chn rng chng c nh kch thc vi thi gian lu ph hp. Kim tra kch thc ca cc valves gn vo n v hot ng cha converged.
II. Cng c kim tra trc khi chuyn sang trng thi ng.
1. Dynamics Assistant.
Dynamics Assistant cung cp phng php nhanh chng m bo thit t cc ch nh p sut lu lng ng n. Assistant c th c s dng khi ang chun b bc u cho m hnh ng, hay khi ang thc hin m hnh ng c. Assistant ngh t cc ch nh hp l v bo m Case khng vt qu hay xung di ch nh, hay nhng khc thng. Xem xt nhanh nhng vn c kh nng xut hin trong khi chuyn t trng thi tnh sang trng thi ng cng nh trc khi chy Case trong m hnh ng.
Hng dn hc Hysis Khi cc ch nh p sut lu lng c thm vo m hnh ng, Assistant s nh kch thc cn thit cho tt c thit b cha c nh kch thc. Cc thng s nh kch thc nh l: Vessel volumes, valve Cv v k values cho cc thit b nh heaters, coolers, v heat exchangers. Kch thc m Assistant i hi cc n v hot ng da vo iu kin lu lng v thi gian c tr (residence times). Assistant kim tra p sut trn cc a cho c hai m hnh tnh v ng m bo m hnh ng bt u sun s. N cng m bo p sut trn cc a v dng gn c p sut ging nhau. Mc d Assistant m bo Case s chy trong m hnh ng, khng chc nhng thay i s thch ng cho Case lm vic tt nht. Dynamics Assistant c th c m thng qua 3 phng php. S dng phm nng CTRL Y La chn Dyn Assistant t Tools Menu Bar Nhn nt Dynamics Assistant t Equation Summary View.
1.1.
General Tab.
General tab cha ng tm tt nhng thay i m HYSYS xut cho qu trnh m phng ng. Mi mc trn danh sch hoc l c du kim tra (check mark) mu xanh dng hay mu x t bn phi ca mc biu th thay i s thc hin hay khng. Check mark biu th thay i s c thc hin trong khi x biu th thay i s khng thc hin. Bn c th bt tt chc nng gia hai Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 39
Hng dn hc Hysis trng thi bng cch clicking vo check mark hay x vi nt chut tri. Double clicking vo bt k dng no trn danh sch s m page lin kt vi thay i. Nt Preferences m khung Assistant Preferences; cho php thay i hng Dynamics Assistant s chy. Hp kim tra Set stream pressure and flow specifications in the background cho php Assistant kim tra v khng kim tra ch nh p sut v lu lng dng. Nu hp kim tra Perform checks before running dynamics cho php Dynamics Assistant kim tra nhng ch nh cn thiu m c th gy ra cc vn tim n trong qu trnh m phng ng trc khi chuyn sang ch ng hay chy Integrator.
Nt Analyze Again, HYSYS nh gi li qu trnh m phng. y l hu ch c bit, trong khi Dynamics Assistant m, bn thc hin thay i case, m c nh hng n vic thit t trng thi ng cho qu trnh m phng. Nt Make Changes, HYSYS bt u thc hin tt c nhng thay i c kh nng vi Assistant.
III. Integrator.
Hng dn hc Hysis Integrator c s dng khi ang chy mt Case trong ch ng. Ta c th truy cp khung Integrator t Simulation menu hay s dng phm nng CTRL I.
1. General Tab.
General tab c 3 nhm cha ng cc thng s thi gian cho Integrator. Nhm Integration Control gm Automatic v Manual. Manual integration ch r s bc thi gian (number of time steps) m HYSYS s thc hin. Mt khi Integrator thc hin s bc thi gian, Integrator s khng dng nhng vn gi nguyn trong holding mode. Nu bc thi gian c thm vo, Integrator s tip tc tch hp h thng i vi s bc thi gian a ra. Integration Time Group Nhm Integration Time gm cc thng s sau y: Parameter Units Current Time Acceleration Description La chn n v thi gian cho Current Time, End Time, v Display Interval. Trnh by thi gian m Integrator chy. Khi Integrator t li (reset), gi tr ny quay tr li zero. Nu ang chy trong Real Time, thay i trng ny c th lm nhanh hn (>1) hay chm hn (<1) m hnh HYSYS bng cch m rng hay thu nh steps. End Time Real Time Display Interval Cho php ch r thi gian m Integrator s ngng. Ep buc Integrator hot ng trong real time. Nu h s real time nh hn 1 kim tra hp Real Time. Ch xc nh c trong Automatic Integrator Control, trng ny cha ng khong thi gian m HYSYS cp nht khung hnh. S cp nht thng xuyn c ngha tc ng vo tc chy qu trnh m phng. Display Interval khng c nh hng thng xuyn n qu trnh tnh ton. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 41
Hng dn hc Hysis Real time factor Number of time steps to execute: Ch xc nh c trong Automatic Integrator Control. H s Real time ph thuc vo tc ca computers processing v tnh phc tp ca qu trnh m phng. Ch xut hin khi trong manual integral control.
2. Options Tab.
Options tab cha ng cc thng s thun li c s dng trong trng thi ng. Nhm Execution rates as per integrator time step biu th tnh thng xuyn. Gi tr mc nh ca Pressure-Flow equations, Energy equations, Composition and Flash, v Control and Logic Ops l 1, 2, 10, v 2 tng ng. Gi tr 2 ca Energy equations ngha l cn bng nng lng c thc hin mi ln 2 time steps. Ta c tu chn ch r thnh phn v tc thc hin cn bng nng lng cho mi Integration time step cho cc n v hot ng trng thi ng ring bit.
Hng dn hc Hysis ch r tc thc hin ring bit cho cc n v hot ng khc nhau, cn phi thm mt Dynamic Equipment Ops tab mi vo Workbook. 1. B kch hot hp kim tra Use these two periods for all unit operations trn nhm Calculation Execution Rates ca Integrator view. 2. M Workbook. 3. La chn Workbook t Menu Bar, v sau la chn Setup, m hp thoi Setup. 4. La chn nt Add trn nhm Workbook Tabs. Khung New Object Type c t ng m ra.
5. Scroll down danh sch v la chn mc Dynamic Equipment Op. Nhn nt OK. Quay tr li khung Setup, v Dynamic Equipment Op variable set c thm vo trn Workbook tab.
Hng dn hc Hysis 6. La chn Dynamic Equipment Op tab trn Workbook v b kch hot hp kim tra Use Integrator periods cho mt trong nhng n v hot ng. Tt c cc n v hot ng trng thi ng khc trn s quy trnh s b b kch hot.
IV. Hot ng ca thp trong trng thi ng.

S khc nhau khc gia thp trng thi tnh v trng thi ng l cc ch nh r ca thp. Nhng ch nh r ca thp trong trng thi tnh c lm ng trong trng thi ng. hon thnh cc ch nh r cho thp khi s dng m hnh ng, th s iu khin phi c thm vo thp.
1. Ch nh p sut lu lng (Pressure Flow Specifications).

Ch nh p sut lu lng khi khng c thit b no khc c kt ni n thp c th hin nh hnh bn di. Khi c s kt hp ca cc thit b khc vi thp th ch nh p sut lu lng l c th xy ra, tuy nhin c th dn n tnh n nh km. Ch nh p sut lu lng m khng ch n hnh dng ca thp, th khi chy cn k m hnh ho ng, n ngh ch t thm valves cho tt c dng nguyn liu hay sn phm. Khi cc valves c thm vo, tt c cc dng ny c ch nh r vi p sut v cc dng khc, lu lng c iu khin vi b iu khin lu lng.
1.1.
Ch nh p sut lu lng cho thp (Columns).
Distillation Column (Thp chng ct) Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 44
Hng dn hc Hysis Thp chng ct c bn gm mt dng vo v hai hay ba dng ra, ph thuc vo hnh dng ca condenser. Khi ch c mt mnh, Thp chng ct c ba hay bn dng nguyn liu hay sn phm nhng i hi bn hay nm s ch nh p sut-lu lng (pressure-flow specifications); ni chung mt ch nh p sut v ba hay bn ch nh lu lng. Ch nh p sut-lu lng ph, c i hi bi dng hi lu (dng reflux). Thp th hin bn, gii thiu ch nh p sut-lu lng cho thp chng ct ng mt mnh vi mt partial condenser.
1.2.
Ch nh p sut lu lng cho Condensers v Reboiler.

Mc sau y gii thiu v ch nh p sut-lu lng cho m hnh ho ng
n gin. Ch nh lu lng c s dng trn dng hi lu l khng c ngh cho m hnh chi tit. V nu mc lng trong condenser i n zero, khi ta ch nh lu lng khi lng th s dn n lu lng th tch l ln nht bi v dng l hi. Ta cn phi thm thit b thch hp vo dng hi lu (e.g. pumps, valves, etc.). Trong trng hp ny, iu khin mc ca condenser s c s dng m bo mc lng thch hp cho thit b. Partial Condenser Partial condenser c ba dng ra ngoi; dng hi nh (overhead vapour stream), dng hi lu (reflux stream), v distillate stream. C ba dng phi c ch r khi gn lin vi main tray section. Mt ch nh p sut c ngh cho dng hi nh, v mt ch nh lu lng cho dng sn phm lng. Ch nh p sut lu lng cui cng c th l ch nh lu lng th hai trn dng sn phm lng cn li, hay gi tr Reflux Flow/Total Liquid Flow trn Specs page ca Dynamics tab ca condenser c th c ch nh r. Fully-Refluxed Condenser Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 45
Hng dn hc Hysis Fully-Refluxed condenser c hai dng ra ngoi (two exit streams): dng hi nh v dng hi lu. Pressure specification c yu cu cho dng hi nh v Flow specification c yu cu cho dng hi lu. Fully-Condensed Condenser Fully-Condensed condenser c hai dng ra ngoi: dng hi lu v dng distillate. C th c pressure flow specifications cho cc kiu ca condenser. Flow specification c th c s dng cho dng hi lu v Pressure spec c th c s dng cho distillate stream. Hai Flow specifications c th c s dng, tuy nhin, n ngh mt b iu khin (vessel pressure controller) c thit t vi condenser duty nh mt hot ng thay i. Reboiler Reboiler c hai dng ra ngoi: dng hi un si li v dng lng y. Ch mt dng c th c ch r. Nu mt p sut cng bc c ch nh ni no trn thp, dng ra ngoi ny phi c ch nh vi mt flow rate.
2. Khung thuc tnh Column Runner.

Khung thuc tnh ca Column Runner cha ng bn tm tt nhng chi tit quan trng ca thp c yu cu cho m hnh ho ng n nh.
2.1.
Parameters Tab.
Profiles Page
Hng dn hc Hysis
Profiles page c s dng ch yu cho qu trnh m phng tnh. Mt trong nhng thng tin quan trng chy mt thp trong m hnh ng l pressure profile. Thp trng thi tnh c th chy vi tr lc bng 0 qua mi tray section, nhng thp trng thi ng i hi tr lc qua mi a. Trong m hnh ng, pressure profile ban u c i hi trc khi column c th chy. Profile ny c th t m hnh tnh hay c th c thm vo trong m hnh ng. Nu mt tray section mi c sng to trong ch ng ng, pressure profile c th t c t cc dng nu khng cung cp ngay.
2.2.
Rating Tab.
Tray Sections Page
Hng dn hc Hysis
Tray Sections page cha ng tt c thng tin c i hi cho kch thc ph hp ca cc a ca thp, nh ng knh, chiu di vch ngn (weir length), chiu cao vch ngn (weir height), v khong cch gia cc a (tray spacing) c i hi qu trnh m phng ng c chnh xc v n nh. Bn phi cung cp tt c thng tin trn page ny. Tr Tray Volume, khng c s tnh ton no c thc hin trn page ny. i vi nhiu trays, nhp ng knh thp v chiu di vch ngn thch hp.
2.3.
Dynamics Tab.
Vessels Page
Hng dn hc Hysis
Vessels page cha ng bn tm tt thng tin kch thc cho nhng vessels khc nhau trong Column Sub-Flowsheet.
2.4.
Tray Section.
Rating Tab Sizing Page
Sizing page cha ng tt c thng tin c i hi cho kch thc ph hp ca cc a ca thp, nh ng knh, chiu di vch ngn (weir length), chiu cao vch ngn (weir height), v khong cch gia cc a (tray spacing) Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 49
Hng dn hc Hysis c i hi qu trnh m phng ng c chnh xc v n nh. Bn phi cung cp tt c thng tin trn page ny. Tr Tray Volume, khng c s tnh ton no c thc hin trn page ny. i vi nhiu trays, nhp ng knh thp v chiu di vch ngn thch hp. Heat Loss Page Heat Loss page cho php bn ch r tn tht nhit t mi a trn tray section. Bn c th chn kiu tn tht nhit hoc l Direct Q, Simple hoc Detailed hay none t tray sections. Direct Q Heat Loss Model Direct Q model cho php bn hoc l ch r tn tht nhit trc tip hoc l tnh ton tn tht nhit t Heat Flow cho mi a.
Simple Heat Loss Model Simple model cho php bn tnh ton tn tht nhit t nhng gi tr c ch r: Overall U value Ambient Temperature
Hng dn hc Hysis
Dynamics Tab
Specs Page
Specs page cha ng Nozzle Pressure Flow k Factors cho tt c cc a trn tray section. Ta c th la chn HYSYS tnh ton k value cho tt c cc a bng cch nhn nt All Stages. Nu mun HYSYS tnh ton k values ch cho cc a, chn cc a mong mun v nhn nt Selected Stages. HYSYS s tnh ton k values cho stages c la chn. Hp kim tra Use tower diameter method, khi c kim tra, tnh ton k values cho thp da vo ng knh thp. Khi khng kim tra, th k values c Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 51
Hng dn hc Hysis tnh ton s dng kt qu t c t m hnh tnh, cn cung cp uyn chuyn cho s chuyn tip gia m hnh tnh v m hnh ng. Hp kim tra Perform dry start up cho php bn m phng khi ng kh (dry start up). Hp kim tra ny s loi b tt c liquid t tt c cc trays khi Integrator c bt u. Hp kim tra Initialize From User cho php bn bt u qu trnh m phng t iu kin ta ch r. Hp kim tra ny s kch hot nt Init HoldUp. Click vo nt ny in phn mole lng ban u (initial liquid mole fractions) ca mi cu t v iu kin flash ban u (initial flash conditions). Hp kim tra Fixed Pressure Profile cho php bn m phng thp da vo fixed pressure profile.
V.
PID Controller.
Thit b iu khin (Controller operation) l m hnh iu khin c
ngha quan trng nht trong ch ng. N iu chnh lu lng ca dng (OP) a gi tr thay i ca cng ngh (Process Variable hay PV) n gi tr mong mun (SetPoint hay SP).
thit t the Controller operation, chn Add Operation t Flowsheet menu, v la chn PID Controller. Hoc, la chn PID Controller trn Object Palette.
Hng dn hc Hysis
1. Connections Tab.
Connections tab cho php la chn c hai gi tr PV v OP. N gm c 6 i tng: i tng Name Process Variable Source Object Process Variable Output Target Object Select PV/OP Tn ca b iu khin. Dng hay thit b cha bin cn phi iu khin. N c ch r thng qua Variable Navigator. Cha bin cng ngh cn phi iu khin. Dng hay valve c iu khin bi thit b PID Controller. y l hai nt m Variable Navigator la chn Process Variable v Output Target Object tng ng. Remote Setpoint source Nu mun s dng im t t remote source, th la chn the Remote Setpoint source kt hp vi Master controller.
Process Variable Source

Process Variable, hay PV, l bin cng ngh cn iu khin n gi tr mong mun. Thng thng th PV c th bao gm p sut, mc lng ca Vessel, cng nh iu kin dng (lu lng hay nhit d). gn Process Variable Source, click vo nt Select PV. Sau la chn i tng ph hp v bin cng mt lc, s dng Variable Navigator.
Hng dn hc Hysis
Chn Flowsheet hay Subflowsheet Chn i tng ca Flowsheet Chn bin i tng v bin cho thnh phn
Output Target Object u ra ca b iu khin l Valve m b iu khin thao tc i n im t. Tn hiu ra, hay OP, l phn trm m ca Valve, da vo phm vi ca thit b c xc nh trong khung Control Valve. B iu khin so snh gi tr cng ngh vi gi tr im t v a tn hiu ra ngoi tc ng vo Valve m hay ng thch hp. La chn Output Target Object c lm tng t nh la chn Process Variable Source. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp ny, ch la chn i tng. Thng tin v kch thc ca Valve nm trong Sub-View truy cp thng qua nt Control Valve pha di khung thuc tnh ca PID Controller.
2. Control Valve.
Thng tin th hin trn khung Control Valve phi c th lin kt Valve. V d, thng tin cho mt Valve hi khc thng tin cho mt dng nng lng. Khung FCV ca dng sn phm lng/hi t Vessel
Hng dn hc Hysis Khung FCV ca mt dng vt cht gm hai nhm: Valve Parameters v Valve Sizing. Nhm Valve Parameters cha ng thng tin v lu lng ca dng c kt hp vi Control Valve. Nhm Valve Sizing gm 3 mc: Flow Type Min.Flow Max.Flow Kiu ca lu lng: molar flow, mass flow, liquid volume flow, hay actual volume flow. Lu lng nh nht qua valve iu khin Lu lng ln nht qua valve iu khin
Gi tr Min v Max flow xc nh kch thc ca Valve. m phng mt Valve r r, ch r lu lng nh nht bng 0. Lu lng thc t ra khi Valve c tnh ton bng cch s dng tn hiu OP (% m ca Valve):
V d, nu OP, hay m ca Valve iu khin l 25% v chy qua mt lu lng tng ng vi 25% m ca Valve. Trong trng hp ca mt Valve lng, nu gi tr lu lng Min v Max l 0 v 150 kgmole/h, lu lng thc t qua valve c m 25%, l 37.5 kgmole/h. Khung FCV ca dng nng lng Khung FCV s xut hin ph thuc vo kiu ca cng sut dng nng lng c chn. C hai kiu: Direct Q v Utility Fluid vi nhng c tnh bit. Kiu ca Duty Source c th c thay i bng cch click vo nt (trn) trong nhm Duty Source. Direct Q Duty Source y l khung Flow Control Valve (FCV), khi Duty Source t Direct Q (xem nhm Duty Source).
Hng dn hc Hysis
Attached Stream v Attached Controller c th hin trong nhm Control Attachments. Cc ch nh r c thm vo nhm Direct Q. Trong nhm ny, Setpoint (SP) c sn, v ch cung cp gi tr min (Min. Available) v max (Max. Available) ca lu cht lm ngui hay un nng. From Utility Fluid Duty Source Ging nh Direct Q Duty Source, Attached Stream v Attached Controller c trnh by pha trn gc tri ca khung.
Hng dn hc Hysis Cc thng s ca Utility Fluid c th c ch r trong nhm Utility Properties: Thng s UA Holdup Flow H s trao i nhit cc b (local overall) v din tch b mt trao i nhit. Tng lng ca Utility Fluid ti cc thi im. Mc nh l 100 kgmol. Lu lng ca Utility Fluid Fluid. Heat Capacity Inlet and Outlet Temp T Approach Chnh lch nhit ra ngoi ca thit b v Utility Fluid. Available to Controller Check Box Khi bn thc hin s kt ni b iu khin v di chuyn n Control Valve view, hp kim tra Available to Controller s t ng kim tra. HYSYS tha nhn thit t mt b iu khin mi vo valve. Nhit dung ca Utility Fluid Nhit vo v ra ca Utility Fluid Min and Max Flow Lu lng ln nht v nh nht cho Utility
Hng dn hc Hysis
3. Parameters Tab.
Configuration Page
Configuration page cho php bn t phm vi ca bin cng ngh, nguyn tc hot ng ca b iu khin (Controller Action), ch lm vic ca thit b (Operating Mode), v tu thuc vo ch , hoc l SP hay OP c iu chnh bi b iu khin. PV and SP PV, hay Process Variable, l gi tr thay i o c m b iu khin c gng gi ti im t. SP, hay Setpoint, l gi tr mong mun m b iu khin cn phi t c. Tu thuc vo ch ca b iu khin, m SP hoc l c nhp vo bi ngi dng hay ch c th hin. cho b iu khin c th hot ng, cn phi: 1. Xc nh gi tr min v max cho PV (b iu khin s khng chuyn t ch Off tr khi PVmin v Pvmax c xc nh). 2. Khi cung cp gi tr ny, ta c th chn ch t ng (Automatic mode) v a mt gi tr cho im t. Ch Hysys s s dng gi tr hin thi ca PV nh im t mc nh, nhng c th thay i gi tr ny. OP
Hng dn hc Hysis OP, hay Output l phn trm m ca valve. B iu khin tc ng vo m ca valve trn dng ra ngoi (Output Stream) t c im t. Hysys tnh ton OP cn thit s dng b iu khin logic trong tt c ch ngoi tr ch iu khin bng tay. Trong ch iu khin bng tay, c th nhp gi tr cho Output, v Setpoint s trng PV bt k m ca valve. Modes B iu khin s lm vic trong cc ch sau y: Ch b iu khin Off Manual Auto B iu khin khng iu khin Valve mc d thng tin ph hp vn c theo di. Thao tc ca b iu khin ra ngoi l bng tay. B iu khin tc ng tr li s dao ng trn Process Variable v iu khin Output theo logic c nh r bng cc thng s iu chnh. Indicator Cho php m phng b iu khin khng c iu khin quy trnh. Ch ca b iu khin c th c t trn Faceplate. Tuning Nhm Tuning cho php nh r cc hng s, kt hp vi phng trnh iu khin ca PID. Cng thc c trng cho mt PID Controller a ra bn di:
Error vo bt c lc no l s khc nhau gia im t v bin cng ngh:
Tu thuc vo 3 thng s iu chnh c cung cp, b iu khin s tr li tu theo Error. Proportionalonly controller c m hnh ho bng cch cung cp mt gi tr cho Kp, trong khi PI (Proportional-Integral) Controller yu cu gi tr
Hng dn hc Hysis cho Kp v Ti. Sau cng, PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) Controller i hi gi tr cho c ba Kp, Ti v Td. Action C hai tu chn cho Action ca CONTROLLER: Controller Action Description Direct Reverse Khi PV vt ln trn SP, th OP tng. Khi PV tt xung di SP, th OP gim. Khi PV vt ln trn SP, th OP gim. Khi PV tt xung di SP, th OP tng. S cn bng ca b iu khin a ra trn p dng cho Reverse-acting Controller. Tc l, khi PV vt ln trn SP, Error tr nn ph nh v OP gim. p dng cho Direct-response Controller, OP tng khi PV vt ln trn SP. Hot ng ny c th c thc hin bng cch thay th Kp bng -Kp trong cng thc ca b iu khin. Mt v d in hnh ca Reverse Acting controller l iu khin nhit ca Reboiler. Trong trng hp ny, khi nhit trong vessel vt qu SP, OP gim, kt qu ng Valve v gim lu lng cht ti nhit. Mt vi v d tiu biu ca cc trng thi iu khin Direct-Acting v Reverse-Acting a ra di y. V d 1(Direct - Acting Controller): iu khin lu lng trong thit b Tee. Gi s c ba dng t thit b Tee trong mt dng nguyn liu c tch lm hai dng sn phm. iu khin lu lng ca dng Product 1 bng cch iu khin lu lng ca dng Product 2: Proces Variable and Setpoint Output Khi lu lng Product 1 vt trn SP Khi lu lng Product 1 Product 2 Flow OP tng, kt qu tng lu lng ca Product 2 v gim lu lng ca Product 1. OP gim, kt qu gim lu lng ca Product Product 1 Flow
Hng dn hc Hysis tt xung di SP 2 v tng lu lng ca Product 1.
V d 2 (Direct - Acting Controller): iu khin p sut trong Vessel. Gi s ang iu khin p sut ca Vessel V-100 bng cch iu chnh lu lng ca dng hi ra ngoi, SepVapour: Proces Variable and Setpoint V-100 Vessel Pressure Output Khi p sut V-100 vt trn SP Khi p sut V-100 tt xung di SP SepVapour Flow OP tng, kt qu tng lu lng ca SepVapour v gim p sut ca V-100. OP gim, kt qu gim lu lng ca SepVapour v tng p sut ca V-100.
V d 1 (Reverse - Acting Controller): iu khin nhit trong Reboiler. Reverse-Acting control c th c s dng khi iu khin nhit ca reboiler R-100 bng cch iu chnh lu lng ca dng nng lng, RebDuty: Proces Variable and Setpoint Output Khi nhit R-100 vt trn SP Khi nhit R-100 tt xung di SP RebDuty Flow OP gim, kt qu gim lu lng ca RebDuty v gim nhit ca R-100. OP tng, kt qu tng lu lng ca RebDuty v tng nhit ca R-100. R-100 Temperature
V d 2 (Reverse - Acting Controller): iu khin p sut trong Reboiler. Reverse-Acting control c th c s dng iu khin p sut ca reboiler R100 bng cch iu chnh lu lng ca dng nng lng, RebDuty: Proces Variable and Setpoint Output Khi p sut R-100 vt trn SP Khi p sut R-100 tt RebDuty Flow OP gim, kt qu gim lu lng ca RebDuty v gim p sut ca R-100. OP tng, kt qu tng lu lng ca RebDuty R-100 Stage Pressure
Hng dn hc Hysis xung di SP v tng p sut ca R-100.
VI. Controller Face Plate.

Face Plate cung cp tt c cc thng tin cn thit v b iu khin khi qu trnh m phng ang chy. truy cp vo Controller Face Plate: click vo nt Face Plate t pha di khung thuc tnh ca b iu khin hay s dng tu chn Face Plate trn Tools menu hay vi phm nng CTRL F. T nhm Flowsheets, la chn Flowsheet ang cha ng b iu khin c Face Plate cn m.
Lit k tt c cc b iu khin trong Flowsheet c chn Nhn nt Open hin th b iu khin
Nhn nt Find v in tn ca b iu khin mun trnh by
Cc i tng xem xt ca Face Plates Ta c th xem xt cc i tng ca Face Plates bng cch clicking chut phi trn khung Face Plate. Danh sch cc i tng c xem xt ca Face Plate th hin y. Nhng tu chn kt hp vi thc n ny l: TurnOff- tt b iu khin. Auto Tune - mt trong ba ch ca b iu khin (2 ch khc l Manual v Cascade). Tuning - m Monitor page ca khung thuc tnh b iu khin. Connections - m Connections page ca khung thuc tnh b iu khin. Parameters - m Parameters page ca b iu khin
Hng dn hc Hysis M t Face Plate im t c th hin bi chm , v gi tr hin ti ca bin cng ngh c trnh by theo n v mc nh hin hnh. Output lun c trnh by theo phn trm m ca Valve c xc nh trn Valve page. Ta c th thay i ch ca b iu khin bng cch m danh sch th xung nm gc bn tri pha di ca Face Plate. Bn c th la chn nt Tuning trn Face Plate quay tr li nhanh Tuning page ca khung thuc tnh b iu khin.
Thay i Setpoint v Output Ta c th thay i gi tr ca SP hay OP ca b iu khin (ph thuc vo ch hin hnh) trong sut qu trnh m phng m khng cn quay tr li Parameters tab, bng cch s dng Face Plate. thay i SP trong khi ang trong ch t ng (Automatic mode), hay thay i OP trong khi ang trong ch iu khin bng tay (Manual mode), s dng mt trong ba phng php sau: 1. Di chuyn n ni mun thay i thng s. V d, thay i Setpoint (top field). Nhp gi tr mi cho SP, v HYSYS s cung cp mt Edit Bar vi n v mc nh hin hnh. Mt khi bn in gi tr, nhn ENTER hay la chn hp mu xanh (check mark) v HYSYS s chp nhn Setpoint mi.
Trong ch t ng, th Edit Bar s xut hin khi bn nh vo mt im t mi
Hng dn hc Hysis
2. t con tr chut gn im t mu , v con tr s thay i thnh du mi tn hai chiu. Gi nt chut tri, v hp thoi s s xut hin pha di, th hin gi tr hin thi ca SP l 1.2 m3/h. Trong khi ang gi chut tri, ko du mi tn hai chiu n SP mi 1.5350 m3/h. Hp thoi s trnh by gi tr SP nh n. Nh nt chut tri chp nhn SP mi.
t con tr chut gn SP, v du mi tn hai chiu s xut hin. Gi chut tri, v hp thoi s xut hin, th hin gi tr hin thi ca SP. Trong khi ang gi chut tri ko mi tn n SP mi. Hp thoi s SP thay i.
Th chut v SP s chuyn n SP mi.
3. t con tr chut vo im cui ca trng ny, v con tr chut s i thnh du mi tn. Click chut tri tng hay gim gi tr 1%. V d, chuyn sang Manual mode v iu chnh OP. tng OP, di chuyn con tr chut sang cui bn phi ca trng ny v mi tn s xut hin. Click vo chut tri tng OP ln 1%.

Huong Dan Hysys

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Hng dn hc Hysis

HNG DN S DNG PHN MM HYSIS

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

Unique Concepts. ______________________________________________________ 8

Flowsheets v Sub-Flowsheets ______________________________________________ 8 Environment. ___________________________________________________________ 9

Nhng khi nim chung v hot ng trng thi ng. ___________________ 34

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

Hot ng ca thp trong trng thi ng. ___________________________ 44

Khung thuc tnh Column Runner. ______________________________________ 46

PID Controller. ___________________________________________________ 52

Controller Face Plate.____________________________________________ 62

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

Chng I TNG QUAN V PHN MM HYSYS

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

Tm quan trng ca cc phn mm m phng.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

II. Gii thiu v phn mm Hysys.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

III. ng dng ca Hysys.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

IV. Gii thiu v cu trc ca Hysys.

trng thi .v.v. Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 8

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/

2. Powerful Engineering Tools (Cng C thit k ti u).

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 10

3. Primary Interface Elements (Nhng yu t tng giao c s).

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 11

ngha ca cc biu tng trn Object Palette.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 12

Ti liu tham kho

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 13

Chng II CC THAO TC TIP CN PHN MM HYSYS TRONG M HNH HO TNH

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 14

Cc phm nng dng trong HYSYS.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 15

II. Bt u mt qu trnh m phng.

Nhp mt Fluid Package c lu trn a.

Nhm ny cha tt c thuc tnh ca Packages.

4. La chn cu t cho Case.

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III. Thit t dng v thit b.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 17

Hng dn hc Hysis Summary View Tools\Summaries\View

UnitOps Selection Dialog

Cc nt dng trn PFD.

Thit t dng v thit b.

Lin kt hai thit b.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 20

Lin kt mt thit b n dng hin hnh (hay ngc li).

Hin th Workbook pages.

Tt c cc thit b c gn bi dng c lit k trong hp ny

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 21

Thm vo hay sa i mt trang Workbook

Hin th cc bin cho trang Workbook Hin th chnh xc ca cc bin

nh r thit t cho mi kiu i tng. Cc bin thay i ph thuc vo kiu i tng

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 22

t tt c hay cc cu t c bit Chn bin thm vo C th thay i tn trnh by

VI. Cung cp d liu u vo.

La chn nhp liu t danh sch th xung.

Book and software about Petrolchemical, http://www.dhbk02h5.uni.cc/lib/ 23

Cung cp d liu vo dng Matrix.

VII. Tm mt dng hay thit b - Object Navigator

2. T nhm Flowsheets ni r the Flowsheet cha ng i tng mong mun.

4. Nhn nt View (hay double-click) m khung thuc tnh.

Flowsheets v Sub-Flowsheets 8 Environment. _____________ 9