Gio n Ho 10 NC

Tit 3 Ngy son : 28/8/2008 Chng 1 NGUYN T Bi 1: THNH PHN NGUYN T

Vn Tn

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - Nguyn t gm ht nhn mang in tch dng v v ng.t mang in tch m. - Kch thc, khi lng nguyn t. - Ht nhn gm cc ht: p, n v e. V ng.t gm cc e. - Khi lng, kch thc v in tch ca e, p v n. HS hiu: - Nguyn t l phn t nh nht ca nguyn t. - Nguyn t c cu to phc tp. Ng.t c cu to rng. 2. K nng: So snh khi lng, kch thc ca e, p, n. 3. Thi : C nhn thc ng ng v s tn ti ca vt cht. II- CHUN B DNG DY HC Gio vin: tranh nh mt s nh bc hc, s tm tc th nghim tm ra tia m cc, m hnh th nghim khm ph ht nhn nguyn t. Hc sinh: c li SGK ha lp 8 phn cu to nguyn t. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H1: vo bi lp 8 chng ta bit kn ng.t, Hc sinh tr hy nhc li kn ng.t l g ? ngt li. dc to thnh t nhng ht no ? Nh vy chng ta bit s lc v kn ngt nhng ngt c kt v KL ntn ? thnh phn c.to ra sao, kt, KL, t ca cc ht to nn ngt l bao nhiu. Bi hc hm ny s gii p nhng cu hi . I- THNH PHN CU TO H 2: thnh phn cu to ca ngt CA NGUYN T S dng tranh v m t tn ca Hc sinh c Thomson. sch gio

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

1. Electron Hin tng tia m cc b lch v khoa v tr pha cc dng chng t iu g ? li. a) S tm ra electron Tia m cc gm chm ht Ht e c kl v t bao nhiu ? mang in tch m v mi ht c khi lng c gi l cc electron. K hiu e b) Khi lng v .tch ca e me = 9,1094.10-31 kg qe = -1,602.10-19 C 2. S tm ra ht nhn ng.t Xem sgk Yu cu hc sinh c sch gio Hc sinh c khoa sch gio khoa Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

3. Cu to ca ht nhn ng.t H3: s tm ra ht nhn nguyn t a) S tm ra proton Trnh by tn chng minh s tn ti T TN Rutherford pht hin ht ca ht nhn ngt, tn tm ra p v n nhn ng.t Nit v mt loi ht c KL 1,6726.10-27 kg, mang 1 v in tch + gi l proton, k hiu: p b) S tm ra ntron T TN J.Chatwick quan st c 1 loi ht mi c KL xp x KL ca p, khng mang in gi l ht ntron, k hiu: n

Kt lun: Thnh phn cu to H4: hng dn hc sinh rt ra Hc sinh tr ca nguyn t gm: kt lun li. - Ht nhn nm tm ca ng.t gm cc ht p, n. - V ng.t gm cc e n ng xung quanh ht nhn. - Khi lng v in tch ca cc ht cu to nn nguyn t: SGK II- KCH THC V KHI H5: kch thc v khi lng ngt LNG CA NGUYN T Yu cu hc sinh c sgk v tr 1. Kch thc li: o ng kch ca ngt, n v: 10-10m = 1 A =0,1nm ng knh ca e, - Ng.t khc nhau c kch p, Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

ht nhn ngt. thc . - Ng.t nh nht : hidro c bn knh khong 0,053 nm. So snh kch thc gia chng - Ht nhn c kt nh hn kt ng.t rt nhiu, .knh vo khong 10 5 nm. - .knh ca e, p nh hn nhiu khong 10-8 nm. - e chuyn ng xung quanh ht nhn trong khng gian rng ca ng.t. 2. Khi lng H6: khi lng Hc sinh c -27 gio n v u (1u = 1,6605.10 kg) Thng bo n v khi lng sch khoa v tr - KL ca 1 ng.t H: 1,6738.10- nguyn t li. 27 kg1u. - KL ca 1 ng.t C: 19,9265.10 27 kg 12u. V- CNG C - Nguyn t c cu to bi nhng ht c bn no, c tnh ca ccht . - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 8.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 4 Bi 2: HT NHN NGUYN T - NGUYN T HA HC Ngy son :30/8/2008 I- MC TIEU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - Khi nim v s n v in tch ht nhn, phn bit kn s v in tch ht nhn Z vi khi nim in tch ht nhn Z+. - K hiu nguyn t. HS hiu: - Khi nim v s khi, quan h gia s khi v nguyn t khi. - Quan h gia s n v in tch ht nhn, s p, s e trong nguyn t. - Khi nim v nguyn t ha hc v s hiu nguyn t. 2. K nng: Xc nh c s e, p, n khi bit k hiu nguyn t v s khi ca nguyn t v ngc li. 3. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nguyn t ha hc. II- CHUN B Hc sinh: nm vng c im ca cc ht cu to nn nguyn t. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H1: vo bi Lin h bi va hc, yu cu hc Hc sinh tr sinh nhc li c im ca cc ht li. cu to nn ht nhn ngt. I- HT NHN NGUYN T 1. in tch ht nhn S vt ht nhn = s p = s n. Th d: N c Z = p = n = 7. H 2: in tch ht nhn Hc sinh c gio Do in tch ca ht nhn? gii sch khoa v tr thch li.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

2. S khi H3: cho hc sinh tm hiu sgk v cho bit s khi ca ht nhn l A = Z + N trong : A- s khi ca ht g? a ra mt s v d nhn Z- tng s p N- tng s n Th d: Na c 11p, 12n A = 23 II- NGUYN T HA HC H4: cho hc sinh tm hiu sgk v cho bit nguyn t ha hc l g? 1. nh ngha - Nguyn t HH l nhng ngt c Phn bit khi nim ng.t v ng.t cng in tch ht nhn. - Th d: tt c cc ng.t c cng s vt ht nhn l 6 u thuc ng.t C. 2. S hiu nguyn t S vt ht nhn ng.t ca 1 ng.t gl s hiu ng.t ca ng.t . 3. K hiu nguyn t - K hiu ng.t: A ZX H5: cho hc sinh tm hiu sgk v cho bit s hiu nguyn t l g, s hiu ng.t cho bit iu g? a ra mt s v d

Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

H6: cho hc sinh tm hiu sgk v Hc sinh gii thch k hiu nguyn t ? c sch gio khoa v a ra mt s v d 35 - Th d: 17 Cl , cho bit ng.t tr li. clo c: s khi A = 35 s hiu ng.t Z = 17 V- CUNG CO - in tch ht nhn, A, k hiu nguyn t. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 11.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 5 Ngy son: 3/9/2008

Bi 3: NG V - NGUYN T KHI V NGUYN T KHI TRUNG BNH

I- MUC TIEU: 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - Khi nim v ng v, nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh. - Cch xc nh nguyn t khi trung bnh. HS hiu: - Tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nguyn t ha hc mt cch thnh tho. 2. K nng : Gii c bi tp tnh t l phn trm khi lng mi ng v v mt s bi tp khc lin quan. 3. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh. II- CHUAN B Tranh v cc ng v ca hidro. III- PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YEU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H1: vo bi Cho hc sinh nghin cu s Hc sinh tr cu to cc ng v ca nguyn t li. H v tr li cu hi: - ng v l g ? I- NG V 35 37 - Cc ng v ca cng mt - Ti sao 17 Cl , 17 Cl gl hai ng

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) ng.t ha hc l nhng ng.t c cng s p nhng khc nhau v s n do s khi A ca chng khc nhau. - V d: H c 3 ng v: 1 2 3 1H ; 1H ; 1H II- NGUYN T KHI V NGUYN T KHI TRUNG BNH 1. Nguyn t khi 2. HOT NG CA THY v ca nguyn t clo? - a ra mt s k hiu ng.t, yu cu hc sinh xc nh thnh phn ng.t v t tm xem nhng ng.t no l ng v ca nhau?

Vn Tn
H CA TR

H 2: hc sinh nhc li n v khi lng ng.t l g? C gi tr bng bao nhiu? Nguyn t khi c ngha g? Ti sao c th coi ng.t khi = A ?

Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

- ng.t khi ca 1 ng.t l kl ca 1 nguyn t tnh ra u (n cho bit kl ca nguyn t nng gp bao nhiu ln n v khi lng ng.t. - mngt = me + mp + mn M me rt nh, nn ng.t khi s khi ht nhn. 2. Nguyn t khi trung bnh - Ng.t khi ca 1 ng.t l ng.t khi trung bnh ca hh cc ng v c tnh n t l % mi ng v trong hh.
A= aA + bB 100

H3: cho hc sinh tm hiu sgk v cho bit ng.t khi trung bnh l g? Vit cng thc tnh ng.t khi TB v gii thch? a ra mt s v d

Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

Trong : A - ng.t khi trung bnh A, B- ng.t khi ca v A, B V sao phai tnh khoi lng V du: Trong t nhien Clo nguyen t trung bnh cua la hon hp gom 2 cac nguyen to hoa hoc? 35 Cl (75%) va ong v: 17 37 Vay khoi 17 Cl (25%). lng nguyen t trung bnh cua Clo la: a, b- t l % s ng.t A, B

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

v : Tm Chu y: tr Hidro, trong khoi lng nguyen t cac ong v ben (Z<83) trung bnh cua Bo. th: (S: 10,81) p < n < 1,5p hay Z < N < 1,5Z =35,5 V- CUNG CO - Th no l ng v, ng.t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh v cch xc nh nguyn t khi trung bnh. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 14.

A Cl =

75 25 Goi HS .35 + .37 100 100 Bo co 2 ong 10 11 5 B (18,89%), 5 B (81,11%) .

Gio n Ho 10 NC
Tit 6 Ngy son : 5/9/2008

Vn Tn
Bi 4: S CHUYN NG CA ELECTRON TRONG NGUYN T - OBITAN NGUYN T

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - M hnh nguyn t ca Bo, R-d-pho. - M hnh hin i v s chuyn ng ca e trong nguyn t. - Obitan nguyn t, hnh dng ca cc obitan nguyn t s, p x, py, pz. HS hiu: - hnh dng ca cc obitan nguyn t s, p v s nh hng ca chng trong khng gian. 2. K nng : Trnh by c hnh dng ca cc obitan nguyn t s, p v s nh hng ca chng trong khng gian. 3. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh. II- CHUN B Tranh v: - mu hnh tinh nguyn t ca R-d-pho v Bo - obitan nguyn t H - hnh nh cc obitan s, p. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H1: vo bi Nh chng ta bit v e ca Hc sinh tr li. nguyn t gm cc e chuyn ng xung quanh ht nhn. Vy s chuyn ng ca e trong ng.t nh th no? trng thi chuyn ng ca e c ging s chuyn ng ca cc vt th ln hay k? gii quyt c vn ny chng ta i vo bi mi: I- S CHUYN NG CA E TRONG NGUYN T 1. M hnh hnh tinh nguyn t - Theo R-th-pho, Bo v Zomm-phen xng: cc e H 2: dng s mu hnh tinh Hc sinh c ng.t ca R-th-pho, Bo v Zom- sch gio khoa m-phen thng bo cho hs v tr li. thy c: - trong ng.t e chuyn ng trn qu o xc nh.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) chuyn ng trn nhng qu o trn hay bu dc x xung quanh ht nhn. - Thnh cng: g.t c quang ph H - Nhc im ca m hnh: khng phn nh ng trng thi ch. ca e. 2. M hnh hin i v s chuyn ng ca e trong ng.t, obitan ng.t a) S chuyn ng ca e trong ng.t - Cc e chuyn ng rt nhanh xung quanh ht nhn ng.t nhng khng theo mt qu o no. b) Obita nguyn t Obitan ng.t l khu vc khng gian xung quanh ht nhn m ti xc sut c mt ca e 90%. II- HNH DNG OBITAN NG.T - obitan s: dng hnh cu, tm l ht nhn ng.t. - obitan p gm 3 obitan px, py v pz c dng s tm ni.
z + + s y x z z y z y

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY - Thnh cng: g.thch c quang ph H - hn ch: khng g.thch c tnh cht khc ca ng.t H CA TR

H3: Dng tranh m my e ca Hc sinh c ngt H, gip hs tng tng ra sch gio khoa hnh nh xc sut tm thy e. v tr li. - e chuyn ng rt nhanh khng th quan st c ng i ca n.

H4: e c mt khp ni trong Hc sinh c k.gian ng.t bao quanh ht nhn. sch gio khoa Nhng kh nng khng u. v tr li HS c nh ngha sgk H5: S dng hnh nh cc obitan Nhn xt hnh s, p. dng obitan nguyn t H Phn tch: - obitan s c tm i xng cu, Quan st nhn tm khi cu trng vi gc ta . xt hnh dng obitan s, p, d - obitan p c dng hnh s 8 ni. - obitan d, f c hnh dng phc tp
z z y dz2 dx2 - y2 dxy x ++ y x + + z y x + z + y x + dzx z + y x +

+
px

+
py

+ pz

y x

- obitan d, f c h.dng phc tp hn

dyz

V- CNG C - Th no l obitan nguyn t, hnh dng ca cc obitan s, p. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 20.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
Tit 7, 8 Ngy son : 8/9/2008

Vn Tn
Bi 5: LUYN TP V: THNH PHN CU TO NGUYN T, KHI LNG CA NGUYN T. OBITAN NGUYN T

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - c tnh ca cc ht cu to nn nguyn t. - Nhng i lng c trng cho nguyn t: in tch, s khi, ng.t khi. - S chuyn ng ca e trong ng.t: obitan ng.t, hnh dng obitan ng.t. 2. K nng : - Vn dng kin thc v thnh phn cu to nguyn t, c im ca cc ht cu to nn ng.t gii cc bi tp c lin quan. - Da vo cc i lng c trng cho nguyn t gii cc bi tp v ng v, nguyn t khi, ng.t khi trung bnh. - V c hnh dng ca cc obitan nguyn t s, p v s nh hng ca chng trong khng gian. 3. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh, hnh dng ca cc obitan nguyn t s, p. II- CHUN B S thnh phn cu to nguyn t. Bng thng tin hai ct hc sinh ghp cho ng. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

Bi 1: S v thnh phn cu to H 1: Cho hc sinh quan nguyn t v c tnh ca cc ht st s v in cc Hc sinh tr li. cu to nn nguyn t. thng tin trong trng. Bi 2: Ghp cc thng tin ct bn tri H 2: Cho hc sinh quan Hc sinh tr li. vi cc thng tin ct bn phi sao st bng tin cho ng nht. Bi 3: Hay cho biet so p, n, e a) Trong cac nguyen t: 17 14 23 8 O , 7 N , 11 Na
1 1

H3: Yu cu hc sinh Hc sinh tr li. nhc li k hiu ha hc H, ca nguyn t. gii bi tp

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) b) Trong cac phan t (tao nen t cac nguyen t tao nen cau a): NH3 , NaNO3, HNO3 Bi 4: Cacbon co 2 ong v: va 13 6C Oxy co 3 ong v:
17 8

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

12 6

H4: Yu cu hc sinh Hc sinh tr li. ln bng gii

16 8

O,

O va

18 8

Hoi co the tao thanh bao nhieu loai phan t kh cacbonic Bi 5: Cho 4,12g muoi NaX tac H5: Yucu hc sinh Hc sinh tr li. dung voi AgNO3 thu c 7,52g nhc li cng thc tnh s khi nguye t trung ket tua. a) Tnh khoi lng nguyen t X bnh. Vn dng gii bi tp 5. b) Nguyen to X co 2 ong v. Xac nh so khoi cua moi loai ong v, biet rang: - ong v th hai co so n trong hat nhan nhieu hn so n trong ong v th hai la 2 - Phan tram cua cac ong v bang nhau. Bi 6: Xac nh thanh phan H6: yu cu hc sinh Hc sinh tr li cau tao, viet cau hnh e cua cho bit trong nguyn t nhng ht no mang cac nguyen t sau: a) Nguyen t X co tong cac in v khng mang loai hat bang 52 trong o hat in. mang ien nhieu hn hat Vn dng gii bi tp 6. khong mang ien la 16 hat. b) Nguyen t Y co tong cac loai hat la 36. So hat khong mang ien bang hieu so gia tong so hat vi so hat mang ien am. Bi 7: Nguyen t R co tong H7: Cho bit gii hn Hc sinh tr li cac loai hat bang 13. Xac nh ca s p trong nguyn thanh phan cau tao, viet cau t.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) hnh e cua nguyen t R. HOT NG CA THY gii bi tp 7

Vn Tn
H CA TR

V- CNG C - Hnh thnh c cch tnh cc s ht c trong nguyn t, tnh khi lng nguyn t. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 t bi hc 1 n bi hc 4.

Tit 9 Ngy son :

Bi 6: LP V PHN LP ELECTRON

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - Th no l lp v phn lp e. - S lng cc obitan trong mt phn lp v trong mt lp. - S ging nhau, khc nhau gia cc obitan trong cng mt phn lp. - Dng k hiu phn bit cc lp, phn lp obitan. HS hiu: - Th t cc lp e trong nguyn t, s obitan trong mi lp v mi phn lp. 2. K nng: Xc nh c th t cc lp e trong nguyn t, s obitan trong mi lp v mi phn lp. 3. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh. II- CHUN B Tranh v: - hnh dng v cc obitan s, p. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- LP ELECTRON - Tuy theo cac mc nang lng thap hay cao ma cac electron c phan bo theo HOT NG CA THY H 1: - Ti sao e c khu vc u tin? Gii thch: nng lng e. H CA TR

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) tng lp. - Cac electron co mc nang lng gan bang nhau thuoc cung mot lp. - Ke t hat nhan ra ngoai vo, cac lp e c anh so th t va k hieu nh sau: n K.h 1 2 3 4 K L M N 5 O 6 P 7 Q HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR Trong ng.t mi e c mt trng thi nng lng xc nh. Ty vo trng thi nng lng xc nh ny m mi e c khu vc u Hc sinh tr li. tin. - Yu cu hc sinh nhc li mt s kin thc v cu to ng.t. - Trnh by s th t lp e

II- PHAN LP ELECTRON - Moi lp lai chia thanh phan lp e. - Cac e co mc nang lng bang nhau thuoc cung mot lp. - So phan lp = So th t cua lp.

H 2: Hc sinh c sch gio khoa - Th no l mt lp e ? - hc sinh nghin cu sgk v tr li. tr li: + Cc e c nng lng ntn th thuc cng 1 lp ? + Cc obitan ng.t thuc cng mt phn lp c c im g ?

- Cac phan lp c k hieu bang ch cai - Yu cu hc sinh cho bit thng: s,p,d,f lp N c my phn lp. Lp 1 2 3 4,5,6,7 Vit k hiu cc phn lp . P.l s s p s p d s p d f p - Cac e phan lp s c goi la e s, phan lp p c goi la e p. III- SO OBITAN NG.T H 3: Gii thch ti sao cc Hc sinh c TRONG MOT PHAN LP phn lp khc nhau c s sch gio khoa obitan khc nhau v yu v tr li ELEECTRON cu hc sinh nhc li hnh Phan s p d f dng, c im ca cc lp obitan. So 1 3 5 7 obitan IV- SO OBITAN NG.T H 4: hng dn tnh s TRONG MOT PHAN LP obitan trong mt lp.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) ELEECTRON Lp K L M N O P Q So 1 4 9 1 25 3 4 obi 6 6 9 S obitan trong 1 lp th n c n 2 obitan. HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR Th d: lp L (n=2) c hai phn lp 2s v 2p. Hc sinh tr li - phn lp s c my obitan? - phn lp p c my obitan? Vy lp L c bao nhiu obitan?

V- CNG C - Xc nh c s obitan trong mt lp v phn lp. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 25.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
Tit 10, 11 Ngy son :12/9/2008

Vn Tn
Bi 7: NNG LNG CA CC ELECTRON TRONG NGUYN T - CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - S e ti a trong mt phn lp v trong mt lp. - Cc nguyn l, quy tc sp xp e trong nguyn t. HS hiu: - Cch vit cu hnh e nguyn t ca nguyn t . - c im ca e lp ngoi cng. 2. K nng : - Vit c cu hnh e di dng lng t ca mt s nguyn t ha hc. - Da vo cu hnh e xc nh e lp ngoi cng. Suy ra tnh cht c bn ca nguyn t l KL, PK hay kh him 3. Thi : Da vo cc nguyn l, quy tc v s phn b e trong nguyn t vit cu hnh e nguyn t. II- CHUN B Tranh v: - trt t cc mc ng lng obitan nguyn t. - Bng cu hnh e v s phn b e trn cc obitan nguyn t ca 20 ng.t u tin trong bng HTTH. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- NNG LNG CA E TRONG NG.T 1. Mc nng lng obitan nguyn t - Trong ng.t, cc e trn mi obitan c 1 mc nng lng xc nh, gi l mc nng lng obitan ng.t (mc nng lng AO). - Cc e trn cc obitan khc nhau ca cng 1 phn lp c nng lng nh nhau. HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H 1: Yu cu HS nhc li c im ca e trong Hc sinh tr li. nguyn t ? Mi phn lp e tng ng vi mt gi tr nng lng xc nh ca e. Th d:

2. Trt t cc mc nng lng H 2: Cho hc sinh nghin Hc sinh c sch cu hnh 1.11 sgk : gio khoa v tr obitan nguyn t Th t ien cac e vao - Rt ra trt t cc mc li.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY cac phan lp nh sau: 1s nng lng obitan ng.t. 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p - Thy c khi s lp e 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d tng c ht chn mc nng lng. III- CC NGUYN L V QUY TC PHN B E TRONG NG.T 1. Nguyn l Pau-li a) lng t

Vn Tn
H CA TR

H 3: Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr - Thoog bo tiu s Pau-li - HS nghin cu sgk v cho li bit:

obitan:

1s

2s, 2px,2py,2pz

b) Nguyn l Pau-li + Ni dung nguyn l Pau-li - Trn 1AO ch c th c nhiu nht l 2e v 2e ny chuyn ng t quay khc chiu nhau xung quanh trc ring ca mi e. - V d: e ghp i v e c thn:

Hc sinh tr li

c) S e ti a trong mt lp v + Cch k hiu e trong mt phn lp - S e ti a cho mt phn lp: Phan lp s p 6 d 10 f 14 + Cch tnh s e ti a trong mt phn lp v trong mt lp

Hc sinh c sch gio khoa v tr li.

So e toi 2 a L K L p et M N

- Lp n c ti a: 2n2 eleectron. O P Q

2 8 1 8

3 2

5 0

7 2

98

2. Nguyn l vng bn - trng thi c bn, trong ng.t cc e chim ln lt nhng obitan c mc nng lng t thp n cao.

H 4: HS nghin cu sgk Hc sinh c sch cho bit: gio khoa v tr li. - Ni dung nguyn l - Vn dng nguyn l vng

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) - V d: 3. Quy tc Hund - Trong cng 1 p.lp, cc e s phn b trn cc obitan sao cho s e c thn l ti a v cc e ny phi c chiu t quay ging nhau.
- V du : C (Z = 6): 1s2 2s2 2p2

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY bn H 5: HS nghin cu quy Hc sinh c sch tc Hund trong sgk. gio khoa v tr - Vn dng quy tc Hund li. phn b e trong cc phn lp ca nguyn t C (Z = 6) H CA TR

III- CU HNHF E NGUYN T 1. Cu hnh e nguyn t - Lp electron c bang ch so. - Phan lp c ghi bang ch cai thng s,p,d,f. - So electron c ghi bang so pha tren ben phai cua ch cai ch phan lp, cac phan lp khong co electron khong ghi. - V du: 3p
1 1

H 6: Hc sinh c sch HS nghin cu sgk bit: gio khoa v tr li. - Cu hnh e l g ? - Cch vit cu hnh e nguyn t

H: 1s1 ;
13

Al: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 - hng dn hc sinh vit cu hnh e 10 ng.t u. H 7: Da vo th t cc Hc sinh tr li. lp v phn lp tr li: - e no gn ht nhn nht, xa nht ? - e no lin kt vi ht nhn mnh nht, yu nht ? Da vo cu hnh e ca 20 nguyn t u BHTTH, cho n hn xt v s e lp ngoi cng. Xc nh nguyn t no l kim loi, phi kim hay kh him ?

2. Cu hnh e n.t ca 1 s ng.t Sgk 3. c im ca lp e ngoi cng - oi vi nguyen t cac nguyen to, lp ngoai cung co toi a 6 e. - Cac nguyen t co 8 e lp ngoai cung eu ben vng, chung khong tham gia vao cac p hoa hoc. o la kh hiem. - Cac nguyen t co 1,2,3 e- ngoai cung la kim loai. - Cac nguyen t co 5, 6,

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) 7e- ngoai cung la phi kim. - Cac nguyen t co 4engoai cung co the la kim loai hoac phi kim. - Cac electron ngoai cung quyet nh tnh chat hoa hoc cua nguyen t. HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

V- CNG C - Vit c cu hnh e, nhn bit e lp ngoi cng v s e lp ngoi cng,t phn bit kim loi, phi kim hay kh him. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 32.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
Tit 12, 13 Ngy son : 16/9/2008 Bi 8: LUYN TP CHNG 1

Vn Tn

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - Thnh phn cu to nguyn t. - Nhng c trng ca nguyn t. - S chuyn ng ca e trong nguyn t. - S phn b e trn cc phn lp theo th t lp. - c im ca e ngoi cng. HS hiu: - Cch vit cu hnh e nguyn t ca nguyn t . - c im ca e lp ngoi cng. - Lm bi tp v cu to nguyn t. 2. K nng : - Vit c cu hnh e di dng lng t ca mt s nguyn t ha hc. - Da vo cu hnh e xc nh e lp ngoiaf cng. Suy ra tnh cht c bn ca nguyn t l KL, PK hay kh him 3. Thi : Tnh tan c s e, da vo cc nguyn l, quy tc v s phn b e trong nguyn t vit cu hnh e nguyn t. II- CHUN B Tranh v: - trt t cc mc nng lng obitan nguy t. - Bng cu hnh e v s phn b e trn cc obitan nguyn t ca 20 ng.t u tin trong bng HTTH. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

A- NHNG KIN THC CN H 1: Hng dn HS n li NM VNG nhng kin thc trng tm Hc sinh tr li. sau: 1. Nguyn t - Thnh phn ng.t, c qe = 1Vo ng.t :e me = 5,5.10-4u im ca cc ht cu to nn ng.t. Nguye n t : qp = 1+ p mp = 1u - in tch ht nhn, Ha t nha n : nguyn t ha hc. qn = 0 n: mn = 1u- Kch thc v khi lng nguyn t

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) 2. Cu trc v nguyn t - Obitan - Lp e - Phn lp e - S phn b e - Cu hnh e nguyn t - c im lp e nguyn t HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR H 2: Hng dn HS n li Hc sinh tr li. nhng kin thc trng tm sau: - Obitan ng.t - Lp, phn lp e - S phn b e, cu hnh e - c im lp e ngoi cng. H 3: Hng dn HS n li Hc sinh tr li. nhng kin thc trng tm sau: - Nguyn t ha hc - ng v - Nguyn t khi, nguyn t khi trung bnh.

3. Nguyn t ha hc - in tch ht nh (Z+): Z = s p = s e - S khi A: A = Z + N - Nguyn t khi trung bnh

A= aA + bB 100

B- BI TP Bi 1: Dy no trong cc dy sau y gm cc phn lp e bo ha ? Chn p n D A. s1, p3, d7, f12 B. s2, p5, d9, f13 C. s2, p4, d10, f11 D. s2, p6, d10, f14 Bi 2: Cu hnh e trng thi c bn ca ng.t kim loi no sau y c e c thn obita s ? A. Crm B. Coban C. St Chn p n A D. Mangan E. Niken

Hc sinh tr li.

Hc sinh tr li.

Bi 3: Mc nng lng ca cc Ging nhau v, v l cc Hc sinh tr li. obitan 2px, 2py v 2pz c khc nhau obitan cng mt phn lp. khng ? V sao ? Bi 4: hy cho bit s e ti a: a) Trong cc lp K, L, M, N. b) Trong cc phn lp s, p, d, f. p dng 2n2. Hc sinh tr li.

Hc sinh tr li. Bi 5: S phn b cc e vo mi obitan nguyn t tragj thi c p n a, v vit ng quy bn sau c c vit ng khng? tc. Cc cch biu din cn li u sai.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

b c Ca c obitan ns e Ca c obitan np f

Bi 6: Khi s hiu nguyn t Z tng, trt t cc mc nng lng AO tng dn theo chiu t tri qua phi c ng trt t nh dy say khng? 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 6s 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d.

Trt t cc Ao tng dn theo chiu tng: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 6s 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d.

V- CNG C - Vit c cu hnh e, nhn bit e lp ngoi cng v s e lp ngoi cng, t phn bit kim loi, phi kim hay kh him. - Bi tp v nh: Vit cu hnh e ng.t ca cc ng.t c Z = 15; 17; 20; 31;35; 39; 46; 57

Gio n Ho 10 NC
TIT 14 - KIM TRA 1 TIT :

Vn Tn

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Chng ii: BANG TUAN HOAN CAC NGUYEN TO HOA HOC VA NH LUAT TUAN HOAN Tiet 15, 16 BAI 9: BANG TUAN HOAN CAC NGUYEN TO HOA HOC Ngay soan: 10/ 9 /2009 I- MC TIU 4. Kin thc HS bit: - Nguyn tc xy dng BTTH. HS hiu: - Cu to BTTH. - Mi quan h chc ch gia cu hnh e nguyn t vi v tr ca nguyn t trong BTH. 2. K nng: Da vo cu hnh e tm v tr nguyn t trong BTH 3.Thi : C nhn thc ng ng v BTH. II- CHUN B DNG DY HC Hnh v nguyn t (trong SGK). Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc (dng di). III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- NGUYN TC SP XP CC NG.T TRONG BTH - Cc ng.t c sx theo chiu tng dn ca Z ng.t. - Cc ng.t c cng s lp e: hng - Cc ng.t c cng e ha tr: ct II- CU TO BTH 1. nguyn t HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H 1: Da vo BTH, yu cu HS nhn xt: Hc sinh tr li. - in tch ht nhn ca cc ng.t trong mt hng, mt ct. - S e ca cc ng.t trong 1 hng, 1 ct. - S e ha tr ca cc ng.t trong 1 hng, 1 ct. H 2: Da vo s ng.t c phng to trn bng, hc Hc sinh xem hnh sinh nhn xt v thnh phn v v tr li. ca ng.t. Nhn mnh thnh phn khng th thiu ca ng.t nh: - k hiu ha hc,

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng)
So hie u ng.t Nguye n t kho i trung bnh

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY s hiu ng.t, nguyn t khi TB H CA TR

1
K hie u ho a ho c Te n ng.to

1,008

H
Hidro
-1. +1

a m ie n 2,2 o

1s1

Ca u hnh e So oxy ho a

2. Chu k - nh ngha: l dy cc ng.t m ng.t ca chng c cng s lp e, c sp xp theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn. - Gii thiu cc chu k: sgk

H 3: Yu cu HS da vo Hc sinh c sch BTH cho bit c bao nhiu dy gio khoa v tr li. ng.t c sx thnh hng ngang. - Nhn xt s lng cc ng.t trong mi chu k. Vit cu hnh e ca mt s ng.t. - Cho hc sinh nhn xt: H 4: Da vo BTH dn dt HS Hc sinh tr li. tr l cc cu hi sau: - Nhm ng.t l g ? - C nhm ng.t c chia lm my loi? - C bao nhiu nhm A, c im cu to e. n.c ? - C bao nhiu nhm B, c im cu to e. n.c ?

3. Nhm nguyn t - nh ngha: l tp hp cc ng.t m ng.t c cu hnh e tng t nhau, do c tnh cht hh gn ging nhau v xp thnh 1 ct. - Phn loi: + Nhm A + Nhm B

V- CNG C - Da vo BTH phn loi c cc nguyn t trong 1 chu k, mt nhm v phn loi c nhm A, B. - Vit cu hnh e, tm v tr ca ng.t trong BTH. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 39 VI: HNG DAN CHUAN B BAI MI: Cau I: Gia cau hnh nguyen t va so th t cua nhom co moi lien quan nh the nao? Cau II: Cau hnh electron cua cac nguyen to hoa hoc thay oi nh the nao trong cac chu k?

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tiet 17 BAI 10: S BIEN OI TUAN HOAN CAU HNH ELECTRON NGUYEN T CUA NGUYEN TO HOA HOC Ngay soan:13/9/2009 I- MC TIU 4. Kin thc : HS bit: - Gia cu hnh e ng.t v s th t ca nhm c mi lin h nh th no. - Cu hnh e ng.t ca cc ng.t ha hc thay i ntn trong 1 chu k. HS hiu: - S bin i tun hon cu hnh e nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ha hc. - Mi lin quan gia cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t vi v tr ca chng trong BTH. 5. K nng : Mi lin quan gia cu hnh e ca cc nguyn t vi v tr ca chng trong BTH. 6. Thi : Da vo cu hnh e tm v tr nguyn t trong BTH. II- CHUAN B: - Gio vin: BTH cc nguyn t ha hc - Hc sinh: nm vng c im ca cc ht cu to nn nguyn t. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

I- CU HNH E NG.T CA H 1: Chia hc sinh ra thnh nhiu CC NGUYN T NHM A nhm, yu cu tng nhm vit cu

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) - Thnh phn: gm cc ng.t chu k nh v chu k ln. - c im: + Mi nhm A u c s e.n.c bng nhau nn c tnh cht ha hc c bn ging nhau. + STT nhm cng l s e.n.c + Sau mi chu k, cu hnh e c lp i lp li. - Kt lun: s bin i tun hon v cu hnh e lp n.c ca nguyn t cc nguyn t khi dn tch ht nhn tng dn chnh l nguyn nhn ca s bin i tun hon v tnh cht ca cc nguyn t ha hc. II- CU HNH E NG.T CA CC NGUYN T NHM B - Thnh phn: gm cc ng.t thuc chu k ln. - c im: + T chu k 4 tr i, trog mi chu k sau khi bo ha phn lp ns2 , cc e c phn b lp (n-1)d. + Cc ng.t d, f c s e ha tr m lp n.c hoc c phn lp st lp n.c cha bo ha. - Th d: Fe (56): 3d6 4s2 Ag (47): [Kr] 4d10 5s1 HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR hnh e nguyn t ca cc nguyn Hc sinh tr li. t c phn cng. Gi hc sinh i din tng nhm ln bng vit cu hnh e ng.t vo cc v tr thch hp m gio vin a ra trong bng v. Nhn xt kt qu lm vic ca hc sinh. H 2: T cu hnh e ng.t va xy dng, yu cu hc sinh nhn xt c im cu hnh e.n.c theo chu k, nhm.

H 3: Da vo BTH nhn xt v trs Hc sinh vit cy ca cc nguyn t nhm B trog hnh e v tr li. BTH. - Vit cu hnh e ng.t ca mt s nguyn t: Z = 22, 25, 30. - Nhn xt c im xy dng v ng.t ca cc ng.t nhm B.

Thng bo v e ha tr Ly th d, xc nh s e ha tr

V: CNG C - Theo chiu tng in tch ht nhn, cu hnh e ng.t ca cc nguyn t bin i tun hon theo cc chu k. - Vit cu hnh e tm v tr ca chng. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 44. VI: HNG DAN CHUAN B BAI MI:

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Cau hoi: - Neu cc khi nim v nng lng ion ha, m in. - S bin i tun hon ca m in ca nguyn t nhm A v bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A. - Quy lut bin i bn knh nguyn t, nng lng ion ha, m dn ca cc nguyn t trong BTH. HD: - Th d: H - 1e = H+ ; I1 = 1312 (kJ/mol) - Nng lng ion ha th nht (I 1) ca ng.t l NL ti thiu cn tch e th nht ra khi ng.t trng thi c bn - m in ca mt ng.t c trng cho kh nng ht e ca ng.t khi to thnh LK ha hc. - V d: bng 2.3 (sgk)

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tiet 18 BAI 11: S BIEN OI MOT SO AI LNG VAT LY CUA CAC Ngay soan:15/9/2009 NGUYEN TO HOA HOC I- MC TIU 4. Kin thc : HS bit: - Cc khi nim v nng lng ion ha, m in. - S bin i tun hon ca m in ca nguyn t nhm A v bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A. HS hiu: - Quy lut bin i bn knh nguyn t, nng lng ion ha, m dn ca cc nguyn t trong BTH. 5. K nng: Da vo quy lut bin i cc i lng vt l d on tnh cht ca cc nguyn t khi bit v tr ca chng trong BTH. 6. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nng lng ion ha, m dn ca cc nguyn t trong BTH. II- CHUN B Bng 2.2 v 2.3; hnh 2.1 v 2.2 (SGK) III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- BN KNH NGUYN T - Trong 1 chu k: bn knh ng.t gim dn. - Trong 1 nhm A: bn knh ng.t tng. Kt lun: Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn. HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H 1: Cho HS nghin cu hnh 2.1 (sgk) pht hin quy lut Hc sinh xem hnh bin i bn knh nguyn t ca 2.1 v tr li. cc nguyn t theo chu k v theo nhm A. Da vo c im cu to ng.t ca cc ng.t trong 1 chu k, 1 nhm. GV hng dn cho HS gii thch quy lut bin i bn knh nguyn t theo chu k v theo nhm A. H 2: Cho hc sinh c khi nim Hc sinh c sch v nng lng ion ha trong sgk. gio khoa v tr Gii thch: li. - NL ion ha ca ng.t H = 1312

II- NNG LNG ION HA - nh ngha: Nng lng ion ha th nht (I1) ca ng.t l NL ti thiu cn tch e th nht ra jhoir ng.t trng thi

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) c bn. - Th d: H - 1e = H + ; I1 = 1312 (kJ/mol) - Kt lun: nng lng ion ha th nht ca ng.t cc nguyn t nhm A bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn. III- M IN - nh ngha: m in ca mt ng.t c trng cho kh nng ht e ca ng.t khi to thnh LK ha hc. - V d: bng 2.3 (sgk) - Kt lun: m in ca nguyn t cc nguyen t nhm A bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn. HOT NG CA THY kJ/mol ngha l g ? Nng lng ion ha th nht, th hai, , th n - Nhn mnh: e lin kt cng yu vi ht nhn cng d tch ra khi nguyn t. Nguyn t cng d tch e th nng lng ion ha cng thp.

Vn Tn
H CA TR

H 3: hc sinh c khi nim v Hc sinh c sch m in (sgk). gio khoa v tr Gii thiu m in ca Pau- li. linh. Kt lun: - m in ca nguyn t nhm A - m in theo in tch ht nhn

V- CNG C - Da vo quy lut bin i cc i lng vt l d on tnh cht ca cc nguyn t khi bit v tr ca chng trong BTH. - Biet o am ien cua tng nguyen to B(2,04), Na(0,93), Ca(1,0), Be(1,570.o phan cc cua cac lien ket B-Cl, Na-Cl, Ca-Cl, Be-Clc xep tang theo day: a) BeCl, BCl, CaCl, NaCl b) NaCl, BCl, BeCl, CaCl c) CaCl, BCl, BeCl, NaCl d) BCl, BeCl,CaCl, NaCl Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 49. VI: HNG DAN CHUAN B BAI MI: Cau hoi: - Da vo BTTH tm quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t. - Quy lut bin i mt s tnh cht: ha tr, tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong BTH. - Ni dung nh lut tun hon. - Th no l tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim v quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong BTH.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong BTH. - Ni dung nh lut tun hon

Vn Tn

- Quy lut bin i mt s tnh cht: ha tr, tnh axit baz ca oxit

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tiet 19, 20 : BAI 12: S BIEN OI TNH KIM LOAI, TNH PHI KIM CUA CAC NGUYEN TO HOA HOC. NH LUAT TUAN HOAN Ngay soan: 18/9/2009 I- MC TIU 4. Kin thc : HS bit: - Da vo BTTH tm quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t. - Quy lut bin i mt s tnh cht: ha tr, tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong BHTTH. - Ni dung nh lut tun hon. HS hiu: - Th no l tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim v quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong BTTH. - Quy lut bin i mt s tnh cht: ha tr, tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong BTTH. - Ni dung nh lut tun hon. 5. K nng : Da vo BTTH tm quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim. 6. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim v quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong BTTH. II- CHUN B : Tranh v: - Bng 2.4; bng 2.5 (sgk) III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- S BIN I TNH KIM LOI, TNH PHI KIM CA CC NG.T 1. Tnh kim loi - Tnh kim loai la tnh chat cua nguyen to ma nguyen t cua no de mat e e tr thanh ion dng. - Nguyen t cang de mat e th tnh kim loai cua no cang manh. HOT NG CA THY H CA TR Hc sinh tr li. H 1: hc sinh tm hiu v: - Tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim. - Ranh gii cc nguyn t kim loi, phi kim.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) 2. Tnh phi kim - Tnh phi kim la tnh chat cua nguyen to ma nguyen t cua no de thu electron e tr thanh ion am. - Nguyen t cang de thu electron th tnh phi kim cang manh. S bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim: 3. Qui luat - Da vo khi nim v - Trong moi chu k, theo chieu tnh kim loi, phi kim v tang cua ien tch hat nhan, da vo quy lut bin i tnh kim loai cua cac nguyen d m en, nng lng to yeu dan,ong thi tnh ion ha dn dt hc phi kim cua chung tang dan. sinh tm hiu tnh quy lut - Trong mot phan nhom bin i tnh kim loi, phi chnh, i t tren xuong di, kim. tnh kim loai cua cac nguyen - Chng minh quy lut to manh dan, ong thi tnh bng cash da vo tnh cht ca cc nguyn t phi kim yeu dan. thuc hu k 3 v nhm IA, VIIA II- S BIN I V HA TR CA CC NG.T H 2: Cho hc sinh c 1. Electron hoa tr: sch gio khoa v khi - nh ngha: la nhng e.n.c nim. cung co kha nang tham gia vao viec tao thanh lien ket hoa hoc. V du: - Cach tm e hoa tr: Al: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 + oi vi cac nguyen to 3p1 thuoc PNC th e hoa tr la 3 electron hoa tr nhng e.n.c. Sc: 1s2 2s2 6 2 6 + oi vi cac nguyen to 2p 3s 3p 3d1 4s2 thuoc PNC th e hoa tr la 3 electron hoa tr nhng electron ngoai cung + e tren phan lp d sat lp ngoai cung. 2. Hoa tr cua nguyen to V du: MgCl2 trong hp chat ion (ien HT Mg = 2+ hoa tr) bang so ien tch HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

Hc sinh vit cu hnh e v tr li.

Hc sinh vit cu hnh e v tr li.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) cua ion o. HOT NG CA THY HT Cl = 1-

Vn Tn
H CA TR

3. Hoa tr cua nguyen to trong hp chat cong hoa tr (cong hoa tr) bang so lien ket ma nguyen to o co the tao thanh vi nguyen t cua nguyen to khac. III- S BIN I TNH AXIT BAZ CA OXIT V HIROXIT TNG NG - Trong mot chu k, i t trai sang phai theo chieu tang cua ien tch hat nhan , tnh baz cua cac oxit va hidroxit tng ng yeu dan, ong thi tnh axit cua chung manh dan. - Trong mot phan nhom chnh , khi i t tren xuong di theo chieu tang cua ien tch hat nhan , tnh bazcua cac oxit va hidroxit tng ng manh dan, ong thi tnh axit cua chung yeu dan (tr nhom VIII). IV- NH LUT TUN HON Tnh chat cua cac nguyen to cung nh thanh phan va tnh chat cua cac n chat va hp chat tao nen t nhng nguyen to o bien thien tuan hoan theo chieu tang cua ien tch hat nhan nguyen t.

V du: CH4 CHT C = 4 CHT H = 1

Hc sinh vit cu hnh e v tr li.

H 3:

Hc sinh c sch Lay chu k 3 lam v gio khoa v tr li. du: Hoi: Hp chat cao nhat vi oxi, hidro? hidroxit ng vi oxit cao nhat? Nhan xet? Lay v du PNC nhom III Rut ra qui luat bien oi.

H 4: Dng hnh thc k Hc sinh c sch chuyn, cho HS thy gio khoa v tr thi i Mendeleep mc li d cha bit r v cu to ng.t, nhng Mendeleep pht minh ra quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn.

V- CNG C - Th no l tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim v quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong BTH.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

- Quy lut bin i mt s tnh cht: ha tr, tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong BTH. - Ni dung nh lut tun hon. Bi tp: Cau 1: Tnh baz cua cac hidroxit: NaOH, KOH, Mg(OH) 2, Al(OH)3 tang dan theo day: a) NaOH, KOH, Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3 b) Mg(OH)2, NaOH, KOH, Al(OH)3 c) Al(OH)3, Mg(OH)2, KOH, NaOH d) Al(OH)3, Mg(OH)2, NaOH, KOH Cau 2: o manh cua cac axitsau ay c xep giam dan theo day: a) H2SiO3, H2CO3, H2SO4, HClO4 b) H2SO4, HClO4, H2CO3, H2SiO3 b) H2CO3, H2SiO3, H2SO4, HClO4 c) HClO4, H2SO4, H2CO3, H2SiO3 Cau 3: Oxit cao nhat cua mot nguyen to co dang RO 3. Hp chat kh vi hidro cua no cha 5,88% hidro ve khoi lng. a) Xac nh R b) Viet cau hnh va phan bo electron vao cac o lng t. Qua o giai thch s hnh thanhhp chat kh vi hidro. c) Viet cong thc hidroxit ng vi oxit cao nhat cua R. Sap theo o manh tnh axit tang dancua hidroxit tren vi H 3PO4, HClO4. Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 55.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tiet 21 BAI 13: Y NGHA CUA BANG TUAN HOAN CAC NGUYEN TO HOA HOC Ngay soan: 24/9/2009 I- MC TIU 4. Kin thc : HS bit:- ngha khoa hc ca BTTH i vi ha hc v cc mn khoa hc khc. HS hiu:- T v tr ca nguyn t trong BTTH suy ra cu to nguyn t v tnh cht ca nguyn t . - Bit s hiu nguyn t suy ra v tr ca nguyn t trong BTTH. - Da vo cc quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v hp cht trong BTTH so snh tnh cht ha hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn. 5. K nng: - Khi bit s hiu nguyn t, vit cu hnh e v suy ra v tr ca nguyn t trong BTTH. - Da vo cc quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v hp cht trong BTTH so snh tnh cht ha hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn. 6. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v ngha ca BTH cc nguyn t ha hc II- CHUN B : Cc bng tong kt v tnh cht h hc ca cc oxit, hidroxit, hp cht vi H giy A0. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU: Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

I- QUAN H GIA V TR V CU H 1: Cho hc sinh quan TO NGUYN T st BTH v in cc thng Hc sinh tr li. Khi bit v tr ca mt nguyn t trong tin trong trng. BTH, c th suy ra cu to ng.t ca Nhn xt: mi lin quan gia: ng.t v ngc li. - s t trng v s e Vtr cu a ng.to trong BTH Ca u ta o nguye n t - s t trng chu k v s - So th t cu a ng.to . - So p, so e. lp e. - So th t cu a chu k. - So l p e. - So th t cu a nho mA - So e l p ngoa i cu ng - s t trng nhm A v s lp e.n.c

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

II- QUAN H GIA V TR V TNH H 2: Cho hc sinh quan Hc sinh tr li. CHT CA NGUYN T st bng tin. - Cc ng.t IA, IIA, IIIA (tr H v Bo): Nhn xt v cu hnh e Kim loi - Cc ng.t VA, VIA, VIIA (tr Sb, Bi rt ra tnh kim loi hay phi kim. v Po): Phi kim. - Cc ng.t IVA: c th l kim loi hoc phi kim III- SO SNH TNH CHT HA HC H3: Yu cu hc sinh gii Hc sinh tr li. CA MT NG.T VI CC NGUYN bi tp T LN CN - Th d: sgk V- CNG C - Da vo s hiu nguyn t, vit cu hnh e v suy ra v tr ca nguyn t trong BTH. - Da vo cc quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v hp cht trong BTH so snh tnh cht ha hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn Bi tp: Cau 1: Nhng ac iem nao phu hp vi nguyen to R(Z=42): a) Kim loai, so oxi hoa dng cao nhat +2. b) Nguyen to d, co 1 e lp ngoai cung, oxit cao nhat co cong thc RO3. c) Nguyen to d, co 2 e ngoai cung, khong tao c hp chat kh vi hidro. d) Nguyen to nhomVIB, nguyen to a hoa tr, tnh kim loai dien hnh. Cau 2: Mot nguyen to X nhom VIIA. Oxit cao nhat co khoi lng phan t la 183. a) Xac nh nguyen t lng va goi ten X. b) Viet cong thc cau tao cua oxit cao nhat va hidroxit tng ng. Chung co tnh axit hay baz? Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 57, 58.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
Tiet 22, 23 Ngay soan: 26/9/2009 LUYEN TAP CHNG II

Vn Tn

I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : HS bit: - Cu to bng tun hon. - Quy lut bin i tun hon mt s i lng vt l v tnh cht cc nguyn t theo chiu tng ca in tch ht. - nh lut tun hon. HS hiu: - ngha ca bng tun hon. 2. K nng: Lm cc bi tp xc lp mi quan h gia v tr, cu to nguyn t cc nguyn t v tnh cht ca nguyn t. 3. Thi : C nhn thc lm cc bi tp. II- CHUN B Bi tp v nh. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- KIN THC CN NM VNG 1. Nguyn tc sx cc ng.t trong BTH - Cc ng.t c sx theo chiu tng dn ca Z ng.t. - Cc ng.t c cng s lp e: hng - Cc ng.t c cng e ha tr: ct HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H 1: Yu cu hc sinh nhc li Hc sinh tr li. nguyn tc sx ca cc nguyn t trong BTH cc nguyn t ha hc.

2. Cu to BTH cc nguyn t H 2: Yu cu HS tr li cc vn sau: ha hc Hc sinh tr li. - cho bit nhng g ? - - Chu k - Nhm: + Nhm A + Nhm B - S th t chu k cho bit g? - Phn loi nhm? + Nhm A + Nhm B

3. Nhng i lng v tnh cht H 3: Yu cu HS tr li cc bin i tun hon theo chiu vn sau bin i nh th

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) tng ca in tch ht nhn - Bn knh nguyn t. - Nng lng ion ha th nht. - m in - Tnh KL, PK - Tish axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit - Ha tr cao nht ca ng.t vi oxi v ha tr ca ng.t PK vi hidro HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR no theo in tch ht nhn: - Bn knh nguyn t. Hc sinh tr li - Nng lng ion ha th nht. - m in - Tnh KL, PK - Tish axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit - Ha tr cao nht ca ng.t vi oxi v ha tr ca ng.t PK vi hidro H 4: Yu cu HS nu li nh lut. Vn dng nh lut Hc sinh tr li H 5: Yu cu hc sinh tr Hc sinh ln bng li: v tr li cu hi - Chn p n C - HS tr li

4. nh lut tun hon

II- BI TP Bi 1: sgk Bi 2: sgk Bi 3: sgk Bi 4: sgk Ch : Z N 1,5Z

Hng dn HS tnh: e + p + n = 28 2p + n = 28 Mt khc: p n 1,5p Suy ra: 8 p 9,3 Bi 5: sgk Cng thc oxit cao nht l RO3 Nn cng thc vi hidro: RH2

Chn gi tr ca p, suy ra gi tr n, e.

V- CNG C - Tm c s p, s e v s n. Tm c v tr ca nguyn t trong BTH - Kim tra 1 tit vo tit sau.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tiet 24 BAI THC HANH SO 1 : MOT SO THAO TAC THC HANH TH NGHIEM HOA HOC. S BIEN OI TNH CHAT CUA NGUYEN TO TRONG CHU K VA PHAN NHOM Ngay soan: 7/10/2008 I- MC TIU 1. Kin thc : - Tp luyn k nng thc hnh s dng ha cht, dng c th nghim thng thng v tin hnh mt s th nghim n gin m bo an tan v t kt qu. - Khc su kin thc v s bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong chu k v nhm. 2. K nng: Tp luyn k nng thc hnh s dng ha cht, dng c th nghim thng thng v tin hnh mt s th nghim n gin m bo an tan v t kt qu. 3. Thi : Cn thn, trung thc trong thc hnh. II- CHUN B: Chun b dng c v ha cht cho 1 nhm thc hnh 1. Dng c th nghim - ng nghim: 2 - Kp ng nghim: 1 - ng ht nh git: 1 - Gi ng nghim: 1 - Kp t ha cht: 1 - n cn: 1 - Phu thy tinh: 1 - L thy tinh 100 ml: 1 - Tha xc ha cht: 1 - Cc thy tinh: 1 2. Ha cht - Na, K, Mg, Mui n (NaCl) - dd phenolphtalein III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

1. Mt s thao tc thc hnh H 1: Yu cu HS chn dng th nghim c th nghim gm: Hc sinh thc hnh a) Ly ha cht - Cc 100ml theo s hng dn ca gio vin - ng ht nh git - Phu thy tinh Tin hnh ly ha cht : H2O

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng)
O ng hu t nho gio t

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

Phe u thu y tinh

Co c 100ml

30ml n c

b) Ha tan ha cht

O ng ng hie m NaCl 1/4 n c

H 2: Yu cu HS chn dng c th nghim gm: Hc sinh thc hnh - Gi dng c theo s hng dn ca gio vin - ng nghim - Tha xc ha cht. Tin hnh ha tan NaCl bng nc H 3: Yu cu HS chn dng Hc sinh c sch c th nghim gm: gio khoa v tr li - Kp ng nghim, ng nghim - n cn - nc

c) un nng ha cht - Kp ng nghim - ng nghim - n cn - nc 2. Thc hnh s bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong chu k v nhm a) S bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong 1 nhm - Dng c: - Ha cht b) S bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong 1 chu k - Dng c: - Ha cht

H 5: HS nghin cu sgk cch Hc sinh quan st tin hnh th nghim trc, hin tng th sau ch gio vin tin nghim xy ra hnh TN v lm theo. H 5: HS nghin cu sgk cch Hc sinh quan st tin hnh th nghim trc, hin tng th sau ch gio vin tin nghim xy ra hnh TN v lm theo.

V- CNG C - S bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t nhm v chu k. - Bi tp: Vit tng trnh th nghim gii thch cc hin tng xy ra trong cc th nghim trn. VI. BAO CAO KET QUA THC HANH: BAI TNG TRNH SO 1

Gio n Ho 10 NC

MOT SO THAO TAC THC HANH TH NGHIEM HOA HOC. S BIEN OI TNH CHAT CUA NGUYEN TO TRONG CHU K VA PHAN NHOM

Vn Tn

1. Giao vien hng dan th nghiem 2. Ho ten hoc sinh: Lp: Nhom Ngay: T T Ten Th Nghiem Cach Tien Hanh Th Nghiem Hien Tng Quan Sat c Giai Thch Ket Qua Th Nghiem

Rut ra ket luan ve s bien oi tnh chat cua cac nguyen to trong chu k va nhom

Chng 3 : LIN KT HO HC
Tit 25,26 KT ION
I. MC TIU

Bi 16:KHI NIM V LIN KT HO HC LIN Ngy son : 14/10/2008

1) Kin thc : Khi nim v LKHH. Ni dung quy tc bt t. S hnh thnh cation v anion ; ion n v ion a nguyn t ; lin kt ion. Tinh th ion, mng tinh th ion v tnh cht vt l chung ca hp cht ion. Cu hnh electron ca ion n nguyn t , CT e, CTCT ca mt s phn t. 2) K nng : Vit c cu hnh electron ca ion n nguyn t, cng thc electron (CT e), cng thc cu to (CTCT). Xc nh ion n nguyn t, ion a nguyn t trong mt phn t cht c th. V c s hnh thnh lin kt v lin kt , lai ho sp, sp2, sp3.

Gio n Ho 10 NC Vn Tn Da vo cu to loi mng tinh th, d on tnh cht vt l ca chng. 3) Thi : Gio dc hs tnh cn thn , kh nng t duy cho hs
II . CHN B

Mu vt tinh th NaCl hoc m hnh tinh th NaCl. III. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC

NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY I. KHI NIM V LIN KT GV t vn : v sao oxi khng tn ti di HO HC dng nguyn t m tn ti di dng phn t O2 bn vng ? V sao phn t 1. Khi nim v NaCl tn ti di dng tinh th bn vng ? S kt lin kt hp ngi ta gi l LKHH. Vy LKHH l g ? GV thng bo nguyn nhn hnh thnh phn 2.Quy tc bt t t hay tinh th. GV cho HS viu cu hnh electron ca He (Z = 2) ; Ne (Z = 10) tho lun c lp v c im ca lp electron ngoi cng. GV gi HS pht biu quy tc bt t. GV chia lp thnh 4 nhm v tho lun phiu hc tp s 1 theo s phn cng. a) Ion GV kt lun s hnh thnh ion, ion dng v ion m v cch gi tn. s v d : b) ion n v ion a nguyn GV a ra mt 2+ ion dng Mg ; Al3+ ; ion t m O2 ; Cl , SO42, NH4+, NO3,... ch ra cc ion II. LIN KT ION 1. S hnh thnh ion

H CA TR HS trnh by khi nim LKHH nh trong SGK.

C lp tho lun v rt ra nhn xt c im lp electron ngoi cng. HS pht biu ni dung quy tc bt t trong SGK.

i din cc nhm ln ln trnh by HS lng nghe GV phn loi, nghin cu SGK v tr li cu hi.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY n nguyn t, ion a nguyn t v yu cu HS pht biu th no l ion a, ion n nguyn t ? GV kt lun v s hnh thnh ion. 2. S hnh thnh lin kt ion a) S to thnh lin kt ion ca phn t 2 nguyn t GV chia lp thnh 4 nhm v phn cng tho lun theo phiu hc tp s 2. GV ch nh i din nhm ln trnh by

H CA TR

i din nhm ln trnh by, cc nhm khc b sung v nhn xt. i din nhm ln trnh by, cc nhm khc b sung v nhn xt. HS Rt ra kt lun v s hnh thnh lin kt ion. HS quan st v tho lun chung trn lp. Sau i din nhm ln pht biu, cc nhm cn li b sung. HS lng nghe, quan st m hnh v tr li cc cu hi ca GV : + Cu trc hnh lp phng. + Mt ion Na+ c bao quanh 6 ion Cl v ngc li.

b)S to thnh lin kt ion GV hng dn tho lun trong phn t nhiu nguyn t nhm theo phiu hc tp s 3. GV : T 2 th d trn cho bit lin kt ion l g.

III. TINH TH V MNG GV hng dn HS quan st tinh th v mng tinh TINH TH ION th (c th xem m hnh, tranh nh, phn 1. Khi nim v tinh th mm...), nghin cu SGK hiu khi nim tinh th v mng tinh th. GV cho HS quan st m hnh tinh th NaCl ch cho HS thy th no l nt mng. Yu cu HS m 2. Mng tinh th ion t cu trc tinh th NaCl c hnh g ? Cc ion phn b nh th no ? GV b sung : n gin ch vit NaCl. GV : T kin thc thc t hy cho bit tinh th

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY mui n c c dim g v tnh bn, nhit nng chy. GV b sung : cc hp cht ion tan nhiu trong nc v dn in (khi nng chy v khi ha tan), v khng dn in (khi trng thi rn). GV : Ti sao tinh th ion li c nhng tnh cht c bit k trn ?

H CA TR HS : + Dng tinh th th bn, t0nc v t0s kh cao. + Trng thi hi : dng phn t ring r. HS gii thch do : + Lc ht tnh in gia cc ion. + Lin kt ion l lin kt bn. HS ghi nh cc khi nim v lin kt ion, cation, anion, ion n v ion a nguyn t, mng tinh th. Da vo cu to v quy tc bt t, gii thch cu to phn t.

3. Tinh cht chung ca hp cht GV nhn mnh kin thc trng tm ca bi ion cn ghi nh, c th luyn tp thm trn lp v giao bi tp v nh.

IV- CNG C S hnh thnh cation v anion ; ion n v ion a nguyn t ; lin kt ion - Tinh th ion, mng tinh th ion v tnh cht vt l chung ca hp cht ion. - Cu hnh electron ca ion n nguyn t , CT e, CTCT ca mt s phn t. V. HNG DN CHUN B BI MI

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

1) S xen ph cc obitan nguyn t trong s to thnh phn t n cht (H2, Cl2), phn t hp cht (HCl, H2S ). 2) S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr, lin kt cho - nhn
Tit 27, 28

Bi 17: LIN KT CNG HO TR

Ngy son : 19/10/2008

I . MC TIU 1) Kin thc

S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr, lin kt cho - nhn. Nguyn nhn ca s hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr. c im ca lin kt cng ho tr. S xen ph cc obitan nguyn t trong s to thnh phn t n cht (H2, Cl2), phn t hp cht (HCl, H2S ). nh hng ca m in n s phn cc trong lin kt cng ho tr nh th no ?
2) K nng

Vit c CT e, CTCT ca mt s phn t c th. V s hnh thnh lin kt , , lai ho sp, sp2, sp3.
II. CHN B

GV chun b phiu hc tp. S s hnh thnh phn t hiro, s xen ph ss, pp, sp. Cc bn trong v cc obitan s, p hoc c th s dng phn mm trn my vi tnh biu din s xen ph cc obitan.
III- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

I.S HNH THNH LIN KT CNG HOTR BNG CP ELECTRON CHUNG

GV ngh HS gii thch s hnh thnh phn t H2 theo quy tc bt t, Nhn xt cp electron chung c s dng trong lin kt ny nh th no. GV b sung cch vit CT e v CTCT nh sau : CT e l H : H v CTCT l H H. GV kt lun : Lin kt

HS c SGK v gii thch : + H2 c cu hnh electron l 1s1. + H2 c 1 cp electron dng chung. HS : Gia 2 nguyn t hiro c 1 cp electron chung, l lin kt

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

trong H2 l lin kt n. cng ho tr khng phn cc. 1.S hnh thnh phn t n GV ngh HS gii thch s hnh thnh phn t cht N2 theo quy tc bt t, Nhn xt cp electron chung c s dng trong a) S hnh thnh phn t lin kt ny nh th no. GV kt lun : Lin kt H2 trong phn t H2, N2 nh trn gi l lin kt cng b) S hnh thnh phn t ho tr. Vy lin kt cng N2 ho tr l g ? Ti sao lin kt trong phn t H2, N2 l lin kt cng ho tr khng phn cc ? 2.S hnh thnh phn t GV ngh HS gii thch s hnh thnh phn t hp cht HCl da vo quy tc bt t. a) S hnh thnh phn t GV yu cu HS nhc li HCl khi nim m in. Bit m in ca clo l 3,16 ca hiro l 2,20, Cho bit kh nng cp electron lin kt b lch v pha nguyn t ca nguyn t no. GV gi HS b sung cch vit CT electron v CTCT. b) S hnh thnh phn t GV yu cu HS vit CT e ca nguyn t C v O v CO2 gii thch s hnh thnh phn t CO2 theo quy tc bt t. GV yu cu HS nhn xt HS da vo cu to nguyn t v quy tc bt t gii thch v rt ra nhn xt : + C 3 cp electron chung. + N2 km hot ng. HS rt ra nhn xt : + Hai nguyn t ging nhau. + Cc cp electron dng chung v gia 2 nguyn t. HS gii thch v vit CT e v CTCT. HS nhc li khi nim m in v nhn xt : cp electron chung b lch v pha Cl do m in ca Cl > H. HS : b sung cch vit v nhn xt : lin kt H-Cl l lin kt cng ho tr c cc. HS : Vit cu hnh electron ca C v O, gii thch nhSGK. HS nhn xt : + u c 8 electron lp ngoi cng, t

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

c) Lin kt cho nhn

v s electron ca C v O trong phn t CO2, cho bit m in ca C (2,55) v O (3,44) nhn xt kh nng ht cp electron ca nguyn t cc nguyn t trn. GV gi HS gii thch ti sao lin kt gia nguyn t O v C trong phn t CO2 l lin kt cng ho tr khng phn cc.

cu hnh ca kh him. + Cp electron chung b ht lch v O. HS gii thch : + Lin kt cng ho tr khng phn cc. + Do phn t CO2 c cu to thng nn hai lin kt i phn cc (C = O) trit tiu nhau HS vit cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng di dng lng t. Nhn xt : + u c 6 electron lp ngoi cng. + C 2 cp electron ghp i v 2 electron c thn. HS biu din CTCT ca phn t SO2 theo s hng dn ca GV. HS tr li nh SGK.

3. Tnh cht ca cc cht c GV yu cu HS vit cu hnh electron di dng llin kt cng ho tr ng t ca S v O. Nhn xt s electron c thn ca nguyn t S v O. GV gi HS biu din CTCT phn t SO2 : + Hai electron c thn ca S gp chung vi 2 electron c thn ca 1 trong 2 nguyn t O. + Nguyn t S a mt cp electron ring dng chung vi nguyn t O cn li. + Cp electron chung biu din bng gch ni. + Cp electron cho nhn biu din bng mt mi tn c chiu hng v pha nguyn t nhn. GV t cu hi cho HS : lin kt cho nhn l g ? II. LIN KT CNG HO TR V S XEN PH CC OBITAN NGUYN T GV yu cu HS c thng tin trong SGK v cho v d phn t c lin kt cng ho tr c cc v khng c

HS c SGK, kt hp vi kin thc bit cho cc v d c th.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

1.S xen ph ca cc cc. obitan nguyn t khi hnh GV ngh HS d on thnh cc phn t n tnh cht vt l ca cc cht trong v d trn. cht GV a ra hnh v 3.2 a) S hnh thnh phn t (SGK) trnh by s xen ph 2 obitan ss (ca H2 phn t H2), hng dn HS quan st vng xen ph, c SGK v tr li phiu hc tp s 2 (Tho lun trn lp). 1. Xc sut c mt electron ln nht u ? c mt my electron ? 2. Vng xen ph ny chu cc lc y v lc ht no ? Khi cc lc y v lc ht cn bng nhau th phn t H2 trng thi nng lng cao hay thp ? GV b sung : gii thch lin kt cng ho tr gia 2 nguyn t H l mt lin kt bn. b) S hnh thnh phn t GV ngh HS v hnh dng lng t cha Cl2 electron c thn ca clo kt hp hnh v 3.3 (SGK), hng dn HS quan st vng xen ph, c SGK rt ra nhn xt. 2.S xen ph ca cc GV ngh HS vit obitan nguyn t khi hnh cu hnh electron di thnh cc phn t hp dng lng t ca H v Cl. GV s dng hnh 3.4 cht (SGK) hoc phn mm m phng cho HS quan st

HS c th d on mt s tnh cht vt l : tan, kh nng dn in HS lng nghe GV, quan st v tr li : 1. Cc electron tp trung ch yu khu vc gia hai ht nhn. C mt 2 electron. 2. Chu lc y gia 2 proton v 2 electron. Chu lc ht gia cc electron vi hai ht nhn hng v tm phn t. Do lc y v ht bng nhau ; phn t H2 c nng lng thp hn tng nng lng ca hai nguyn t ring r.

HS lm theo ch dn ca GV v nhn xt : phn t Cl2 hnh thnh l nh s xen ph ca 2 obitan p cha electron c thn. HS vit cu hnh electron ngoi cng di dng lng t v d on lin kt HS quan st, nhn xt:

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

a) S hnh thnh pt HCl

v nhn xt LKHH trong phn t HCl c hnh thnh nh s xen ph ca cc obitan no. Tng t nh trn GV cho HS trnh by s to thnh lin kt trong phn t H2S v rt ra nhn xt. GV s dng hnh 3.5 (SGK) hoc phn mm m phng cho HS quan s

+ Do s xen ph gia obitan 1s ca H v obitan 3p c electron c thn ca Cl. HS vit, trnh by v tr li : + Do s xen ph ca 2 obitan 1s ca 2 nguyn t H vi 2 obitan 3p cha electron c thn ca nguyn t S. + Gc lin kt trong H2S l 920 (gn bng gc vung).

b) S hnh thnh phn t GV cng c kin thc v HS n luyn li kin lin kt cng ho tr, s thc va hc trn lp. H2S xen ph cc obitan nguyn t. Cho HS lm mt s bi tp trong SGK. IV- CNG C S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr, lin kt cho - nhn. Nguyn nhn ca s hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr. c im ca lin kt cng ho tr. S xen ph cc obitan nguyn t trong s to thnh phn t n cht , phn t hp cht nh hng ca m in n s phn cc trong lin kt cng ho tr nh th no V. HNG DN CHUN B BI MI m in, phn loi LKHH theo hiu m in

Gio n Ho 10 NC
Tit 29

Vn Tn

Bi 21

HIU M IN V LIN KT HO

HC Ngy son : 26/10/2008 I. Mc tiu

1) Kin thc : m in nh hng th no n cc kiu LKHH ? Phn loi LKHH theo hiu m in. 2) K nng : Da vo hiu m in bit lin kt trong phn t l lin kt g
II. CHUN B

GV : Chun b bng m in ca cc nguyn t nhm A (bng 2.3). HS : n li khi nim v m in.

III. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

I.HIU M IN V GV : Cho bit hiu m in trong phn LIN KT HO HC t H2, O2, N2,... Ti sao 1. Hiu m in v lin lin kt trong phn t kt cng ho tr khng H2, Cl2.. li l lin kt cng ho tr khng cc cc ? (s dng bng m in) Thng bo quy c : 0 hiu m in < 0,4 lin kt cng ho tr c coi l khng cc.

HS nhn xt : + Hiu m H in ca HH, Cl H Cl,.. bng khng (nguyn t ging H nhau). + Cp electron chung khng lch v pha no Lin kt cng ho tr khng cc. HS phi nm chc quy c ny phn bit cc loi lin kt. HS tnh ton thy : + Hiu m

2. Hiu m in v GV yu cu HS da lin kt cng ho tr c vo hiu m in nhn xt v v tr cc

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

cp electron chung v a ra kt lun v lin kt trong phn t HCl. * GV thng bo : hiu m in cng ln th s phn cc ca lin kt cng mnh. Thng bo quy c : 0,4 hiu m in < 1,7 lin kt cng ho tr c coi l c cc. Tng t xt v so snh phn cc ca cc phn t sau theo th t tng dn HBr, HF, NO. 3. Hiu m in v GV hng dn HS da vo hiu m in lin kt ion xc nh kiu lin kt trong phn t NaCl, MgO,... ? * Thng bo quy c : hiu m in 1,7 lin kt ion. GV giao bi tp p dng : S dng bng m in (SGK) phn bit cc loi lin kt trong cc phn t sau : Na 2O, H2O, SO2, MgCl2, MgO, HI. II. KT LUN GV nhc li cc quy c v hiu m in. GV nhn mnh : cng khng c ranh gii r rt gia lin kt cng ho tr v lin kt ion.

in ca H v Cl l 0,96 > 0,4. + Cp electron chung lch v pha Cl Lin kt cng ho tr c cc.

HS p dng quy c suy ra th t v phn cc nh sau : HF > HBr >NO HS tnh ton thy hiu m in ca Na v Cl l 2,23 >1,7 : L lin kt ion.

HS lm bi tp GV giao : + Lin kt cng ho tr : H2O, SO2, HI + Lin kt ion : Na2O, MgO, MgCl2. HS nm chc quy c : 0 hiu m in < 0,4 lin kt cng ho tr khng cc.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

Luyn tp : phn bit u l lin kt cng ho tr c cc v khng c cc trong cc phn t sau : HBr, NH3, H2, N2, NO2, SO3.

0,4 hiu m in < 1,7 lin kt cng ho tr c cc. Hiu m in 1,7 lin kt ion. HS t lm bi luyn tp trn lp.

IV- CNG C

0,4 hiu m in < 1,7 lin kt cng ho tr c coi l c cc. hiu m in 1,7 lin kt ion. V. HNG DN CHUN B BI MI 1) Khi nim v s lai ho 2) Cc kiu lai ho 3) Gii thch dng hnh hc ca mt s phn t

Tit 30, 31

Bi S LAI HO CC OBITAN NGUYN T . S HNH THNH LIN KT N LIN KT I V LIN KT BA

Ngy son : 2/11/2008 I . MC TIU

Gip HS hiu : Khi nim v s lai ho cc ocbitan nguyn t. Cc kiu lai ho sp, sp2, sp3. Lin kt , lin kt c hnh thnh nh th no ? Th no l lin kt n, lin kt i, lin kt ba ? Da vo s lai ho, gii thch dng hnh hc ca mt s phn t.
II. CHUN B

1. Gio vin : Tranh v cc kiu lai ho cc ocbitan (hnh 3.6, 3.7, 3.8) hoc dng cc qu bong bng minh ho cc kiu lai ho. 2. Phng php dy hc : Vn p gi m gii thch minh ho.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
III. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn

H CA TR

.I. KHI NIM V S LAI GV cho HS tho lun phiu hc tp 1 : HO 1. Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t C* ( trng thi kch thch) v ca nguyn t H ? 2. Gii thch s hnh thnh phn t CH4 theo cu to nguyn t v quy tc bt t. 3. Nhn xt v nng lng v gc lin kt. GV thng bo : thc nghim cho bit 4 lin kt C H trong phn II. CC KIU LAI HO t CH4 nh nhau v gc THNG GP lin kt l 109028'. GV gii thch hnh dng phn t CH4 . Vy s lai ho l g ? GV thng tin thm v : + Nguyn nhn ca s lai ho. + iu kin lai ho.

HS tho lun trn lp : 1. C*c 4 electron c thn ; H c 1 e. 2. Do AO2s v 3AO2p ca C* xen ph vi 4AO1s ca 4 nguyn t H. 3. C 3 lin kt (p s) c NL nh nhau. + 1 lk (s s) c NL khc vi (p s) + gc lin kt 90o. HS nhn xt c : + 1 AO2s trn ln 3 AO2p 4 AO lai ho sp3 nh nhau v hnh dng, kch thc nhng hng khc nhau. + 4 AO ny xen ph vi 4 AO1s ca H 4 lin kt C H ging nhau. + HS pht biu v s lai ho (SGK). HS quan st v nhn xt : + Lai ho sp : 1AOs +1AOp 2AO mi. + 2 AO ny nm trn 1 ng thng nhng ngc chiu nhau. + Gc lai ho :

1.Lai ho sp

GV s dng tranh v hoc s dng cc qu bong bng v chm mt qu gii thiu l kiu lai ho sp. Sau xt phn t BeH2. GV c th pht vn HS v : kiu lai

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

ho, hnh dng v gc 1800. lai ho ? 2.Lai ho sp2 GV s dng tranh hnh 3.8 (SGK) hoc cc qu bong bng v li tip tc chm gii thiu l kiu lai ho sp2 ? Sau xt phn t BF3. GV c th pht vn HS : Kiu lai ho, hnh dng v gc lai ho ? GV s dng tranh hnh 3.9 hoc s dng 6 qu bong bng sau chm 1 qu gii thiu l kiu lai ho sp3 (nh xt phn t CH4). GV c th pht vn HS v : Kiu lai ho, hnh dng v gc lai ho. GV khng nh vai tr quan trng ca thuyt lai ho trong vic gii thch dng hnh hc phn t. HS nhn xt : + Do 1AOs+2SOp3AO lai ho sp2. + C 3AO ny hng v 3 nh ca tam gic u. + Gc lai ho : 1200.

3.Lai ho sp3

HS quan st v nhn xt : + Do 1AOs +3AOp 4 AO lai ho sp3. + 4 AO ny hng v 4 nh ca hnh t din u. + Gc lai ho : 109o28.

III. NHN XT CHUNG GV s dng tranh v s xen ph cc obitan ss, V THUYT LAI HO sp, (hnh 3.10a) tm hiu c im ca s xen ph ny. Xen ph trc l g ? Lin kt to bi s xen ph trc l lin kt g ?

HS quan st v nhn xt c im : + Trc ca cc obitan lin kt (ss, sp, pp) trng vi ng ni tm ca hai nguyn t lin kt. + Khi nim xen

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

GV s dng tranh 3.10b cho HS tm hiu c im ca s xen ph bn ? GV ngh HS t so snh s ging v khc nhau ca s xen ph trc v xen ph bn.

ph trc (SGK). + l lin kt (bn). HS nhn xt s xen ph bn : + Trc ca cc obitan lin kt (pp) song song vi nhau v vung gc vi ng ni tm ca hai nguyn t. + lin kt (km bn hn ). HS nhc li kin thc c : lin kt vi nhau bng mt cp electron chung, biu din bng du (). HS rt ra nhn xt : + X xen ph trc, lin kt n ( ). + Bn vng.

IV.S xen ph trc v xen GV yu cu HS nhc li s hnh thnh lin ph bn kt gia cc nguyn t trong phn t H2, HCl,Cc phn t 1.S xen ph trc lin kt vi nhau nh th no ? * GV thng bo : y l lin kt n. GV yu cu HS da 2. S xen ph bn trn quan im xen ph cc obitan rt ra nhn xt c im ca kiu lin kt ny ? GV kt lun. V. S TO THNH LIN GV hng dn HS da KT N, LIN KT I vo quy tc bt t m t s hnh thnh phn V LIN KT BA t C2H2, HS nghin cu SGK v quan st hnh 1.Lin kt n v s xen ph cc AO t rt ra nhn xt. GV kt lun : Lin kt 2.Lin kt i i biu din bng (du =).

HS m t v nhn xt : + Mi C c s lai ho sp2. + C 3 lin kt gia C C v gia hai C vi hai H). + Mi C cn li 1 obitan p s xen ph vi nhau to lin kt .

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

3.Lin kt ba

GV hng dn HS da vo quy tc bt t m t s hnh thnh phn t N2. Theo quan nim xen ph HS rt ra c im ca lin kt ba gia hai nguyn t N trong N2. GV kt lun (SGK) ; lin kt i v lin kt ba c gi l lin kt bi

HS nhn xt : + 3 electron c thn (2pz, 2px v 2py). + C mt lin kt (xen ph trc). + C hai lin kt .

GV nhn mnh kin HS ghi nh cc khi thc trng tm ca bi nim mi trong bi, v giao bi tp v nh vn dng lm cc bi tp SGK.
IV- CNG C - Khi nim v s lai ho cc ocbitan nguyn t - Lin kt , lin kt c hnh thnh nh th no ?

-Th no l lin kt n, lin kt i, lin kt ba ?

V. HNG DN CHUN B BI MI

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

TIt 32,33

Bi LUYN TP V : LIN KT ION , LIN KT CNG LAI HO CC OBITAN NGUYN T

HO TR

Ngy son : 6/11/2008 I. Mc tiu 1) Kin thc

Nguyn nhn hnh thnh LKHH ; Lin kt ion v bn cht ca lin kt ion ; Lin kt cng ho tr v bn cht ca lin kt cng ho tr. S lai ho cc obitan nguyn t (AO). S hnh thnh lin kt , lin kt .
2) K nng

Phn bit c lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr da vo bn cht lin kt. Gii thch c dng hnh hc ca mt s phn t da vo s lai ho cc obitan nguyn t.
III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC

Gio n Ho 10 NC

A. Kin thc cn nm vng Hot ng 1 : Lin kt ho hc (trnh by theo nhm)

Vn Tn

GV yu cu nhm 1 trnh by kin thc v LKHH di dng s sau :

Lin kt ho hc ? Nguyn nhn ? Lin kt ion ? iu kin ? Bn cht ? So snh s ging v khc nhau ? Lin kt cng ho tr ? C my loi ? iu kin ? Bn cht ?

Hot ng 2 : S lai ho cc obitan nguyn t ( tho lun trc lp)

GV yu cu nhm 2 trnh by kin thc v lai ho sp, sp 2 v sp3 l g ? iu kin cc obitan c th lai ho c vi nhau ? GV yu cu nhm 3 tho lun kin thc v s xen ph l g ? Xen ph trc to lin kt ? Xen ph bn to lin kt ? bn ca cc lin kt ny c ging nhau khng ? GV giao nhim v cho nhm 4 da vo cc kiu lai ho trnh by kin thc v lin kt n, lin kt bi ? Nguyn nhn hnh thnh cc kiu lin kt ny ?
B. Gii bi tp Hot ng 3 : Cho HS lm bi tp cng c kin thc hc

Dng bi tp vit cu hnh e, vit CT e, CTCT ca phn t n cht v hp cht. Dng bi tp da vo quy tc bt t gii thch s hnh thnh phn t (HNO3, Cl2,...). Dng bi tp s dng thuyt lai ho gii thch dng hnh hc ca phn t (CH4, C2H4,..).

Tit 34 Ngy son :

KIM TRA 1 TIT

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 35 Bi 20 TINH TH NGUYN T. TINH TH PHN T

Ngy son : 12/11/ 2008

Gio n Ho 10 NC
I . MC TIU

Vn Tn

Gip HS bit : Th no l tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t ? Tnh cht chung ca tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t ?
II . CHUN B

GV : Tranh v hoc m hnh m phng, phn mm v tinh th iot, nc , kim cng,.. my chiu a nng, my tnh,... Phng php dy hc : Vn p gi m gii thch minh ho.
III .THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC

NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng)

HOT NG CA THY

H CA TR

Nh ta bit than , mui n,... tn ti di dng tinh th. Vy mng tinh th l g ? C my kiu mng tinh th ? GV c th dng tranh v, hnh 3.12 (SGK), phm 1. Th d mm v mng tinh th 2. Tnh cht chung ca tinh th kim cng m t, gii nguyn t thch v yu cu HS nhn xt v : cu trc, lai ho, xen ph, nt, lin kt trong mng, tnh cht chung ca mng tinh th nguyn t.
I. TINH TH NGUYN T II. TINH TH PHN T GV s dng tranh hnh 1.Mt s mng tinh th phn t 3.13 (mng tinh th phn a) Mng tinh th phn t ca t I2) cho HS quan st v nhn xt v cu trc ca it b) Mng tinh th phn t ca n. Lm tng t vi mng nc tinh th phn t nc 2. Tnh cht chung ca tinh th (hnh 3.14). phn t GV : ti sao tinh th iot v nc mm, tnc thp, d bay hi ? HS quan st m hnh tinh th kim cng, H nhn xt : 3 H + Do C lai ho sp cu to nn. + Mi C lin kt vi 4 H C khc 4 nh ca t din u. + u l lin kt

mng kim cng bn, tnc v ts cao.

HS quan st v nhn xt : + Mng I2 : lp phng tm din. + Nc : t din u. + Cc phn t nm nt mng.

HS nghin cu

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

GV kt lun : do lc tng tc gia cc phn t l rt yu nn tinh th phn t c tnh cht nu trn.

SGK tr li cu hi ca GV : cc phn t trong mng lin kt vi nhau bng lc tng tc gia cc phn t.
HS lm bi tp cng c kin thc.

Cng c : GV cho HS lm mt s bi tp trong SGK cng c kin thc v mng tinh th.

IV. CNG C Nm li mng tinh th nguyn t v tinh th phn t Nhn dng c u l mng tinh th nguyn t , u l mng tinh th phn t V. HNG DN CHUN B BI 1) Nm khi nim v lin kt kim loi 2) Cc kiu mng tinh th kim loi 3) Tnh cht ca mng tinh th kim loi

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 36

Bi LIN KT KIM LOI

Ngy son : 16/11/2008

I . MC TIU

Gip HS hiu : Khi nim LKHH. Tnh cht chung ca tinh th kim loi. Cc kiu mng tinh th kim loi thng gp. Mi lin quan gia mng tinh th v tnh cht chung ca kim loi. Bit da vo c im ca lin kt kim loi gii thch tnh cht chung ca tinh th kim loi.
II . CHUN B

GV : M hnh cc mng tinh th lp phng tm khi, lp phng tm din, lc phng. Bng 3.15 Kiu cu trc mng tinh th ca cc kim loi trong BTH. HS : Tm kim thm tranh nh, mu vt, phn mm c trn mng internet.
III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

Tnh hung dy hc Nh ta bit, iu kin thng a s cc kim loi tn ti di dng tinh th. Ngi ta gi lin kt trong mng tinh th kim loi l lin kt kim loi. Vy th no l lin kt kim loi ?

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY I. KHI NIM V LIN KT GV yu cu HS nghin cu SGK v tr li cu hi : KIM LOI + Nguyn nhn hnh thnh lin kt kim loi. + Khi nim v lin kt kim loi. + Bn cht ca lin kt kim loi.

Vn Tn
H CA TR HS nghin cu SGK v tr li cu hi ca H GV : + Cc ion dng kim H loi nt mng tng tc vi cc electron t H do. + Khi nim (SGK). + Lc ht tnh in ion electron.

GV ngh HS so snh lin kt kim loi v lin kt ion (khi nim, bn cht).
II. MNG TINH TH KIM GV hng dn HS quan st m hnh (hoc xem phn mm) LOI v cu to mng tinh th lp phng tm khi, lp phng tm din, lc phng. Yu cu HS phn bit s khc nhau ca cc mng trn. 1.Mt s kiu mng tinh th

HS t lp ct (hoc bng) so snh.

HS quan st phn bit c cu trc v cch sp xp cc nguyn t v ion mi mng l rt khc nhau (SGK). HS nghin cu v nhn xt c : + c kht l khc nhau.

GV pht vn : Cc em c nhn xt g v c kht () ca ba mng tinh th ny ? Vy c kht c ngha g ?

+ Biu th % V cc nguyn t trong tinh th v cho bit kiu mng.

cu cu cu cu

GV giao nhim v cho tng nhm nghin cu tng ct bng 3.1 : phn loi v v c cc kiu mng tinh th kim loi.

Nhm 1 : Nghin ct IA. Nhm 2 : Nghin ct IIA. Nhm 3 : Nghin GV hng dn HS tho ct IB v IIB. Nhm 4 : Nghin lun trn lp. ct VIIIB.

i din nhm trnh by trn bng.

2.Tnh cht ca tinh th kim loi

GV pht vn HS : Hy d HS t kin thc, thc

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR t thy kim loi : + C tnh do, nh kim, dn nhit v in.

on mt s tnh cht vt l c bn ca tinh th kim loi. Nguyn nhn gy ra tnh cht ?

+ Do c cc electron t do, di chuyn trong mng.

Cng c
GV giao cho 4 nhm hon thnh bi tp trong SGK.

GV ch i din ca nhm 1 v 2 ln trnh by, sau l nhm 3 v 4.

IV. CNG C

Khi nim LKHH. Tnh cht chung ca tinh th kim loi. Cc kiu mng tinh th kim loi thng gp. Mi lin quan gia mng tinh th v tnh cht chung ca kim loi.
V. HNG DN CHUN B BI MI 1) Khi nim in ho tr ca mt nguyn t 2) S oxi ho , cc quy tc xc nh s oxi ho , cch ghi s oxi

ho.

Tit 37 Ngy son :21/11/2008

I . K nng

Bi HO TR V S OXIHO

Ho tr ca mt nguyn t trong hp cht l g ? cch xc nh ho tr ca mt nguyn t trong lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr nh th no ? cch ghi k hiu ?

Gio n Ho 10 NC Vn Tn Khi nim in ho tr ca mt nguyn t l g ? cch ghi k hiu in ho tr ? S oxi ho l g ? cc quy tc xc nh s oxi ho ? cch ghi s oxi ho.
II . CHUN B III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY HOT NG CA TR

I. HO TR 1. Ho tr trong hp cht ion

GV yu cu HS tr li : trong phn t NaCl, nguyn t Na v nguyn t Cl c in ho tr l bao nhiu ? GV gip HS hnh thnh khi nim in ho tr v ho tr v Cch ghi. GV gii thiu cch ghi in ho tr : gi tr in tch trc, du ca in tch sau. Luyn tp : xc nh ho tr (in ho tr) ca cc nguyn t trong cc phn t sau : CaCl2, MnCl2, Al2O3.

HS : Na 1e Na+ ; Na c inH ho tr l 1. Cl + 1eCl ; H Cl c H in ho tr l 1. H Sau pht biu khi nim ho tr v in ho tr nh trong SGK. HS ghi li in ho tr ca Na v Cl trong phn t NaCl l : + in ho tr ca Na : 1+ + in ho tr ca Cl : 1 HS lm bi GV giao : in ho tr ca Ca, Mn, Al, Cl v O ln lt l 2+, 2+, 3+, 1 v 2. HS vn dng kin thc c : + Lin kt trong phn t HCl l lin kt cng ho tr. + C 1 cp electron dng chung. + Cng ho tr ca H v Cl l 1. HS pht biu khi

2. Ho tr trong hp cht GV yu cu HS tr li : trong phn t HCl, ho tr cng ho tr ca H v Cl c tnh bng g ? Vy khi nim ho tr ca nguyn t trong hp cht cng ho tr c gi l g v cch tnh nh th no ? GV lu : cng ho tr c tnh bng s lin kt nn

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG ( Phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA TR

khng mang du. Luyn tp : xc nh ho tr ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht sau : CH4, NH3, H2O.

nim ho tr ca nguyn t trong hp cht cng ho tr. HS lm bi tp : cng ho tr ca C, H, N v O ln lt l : 4, 1, 3 v 2. HS nu khi nim v s oxi ho. HS pht biu 4 quy tc xc nh s oxi ho. HS lm bi tp trn lp : -3 +1 -3 -3 +1 -1 N H 3 , H 3 C -C H 3 , K F ,
Mn Cl 2 +1 +7 -2 +2 -2 +1 -1 K Mn O 4 , H Cl , Mg O . Cu , Fe , Fe c s oxi
+2 +2 +3 +2 -1

II. S OXIHO

GV yu cu HS c SGK v tr li : S oxi ho l g ? GV yu cu HS nghin cu cc quy tc xc nh s oxi ho. * GV thng bo quy c ghi s oxi ho : S oxi ho c t trn k hiu ca nguyn t, ghi du trc, s sau. +6 -2 +2 +6 -2 V d : S O , Ba S O 4 ,
H 3 C C H 2 OH
-3 -1
3

Luyn tp : xc nh ho ln lt l +2, s oxi ho trong cc hp +2, +3 cht v ion sau : NH3, H3C CH3, KF, MnCl2, KMnO4, +2 +2 +3 HCl, MgO, Cu , Fe , Fe .
Cng c
GV nhn mnh kin thc HS cn nm chc : khi nim ho tr v s oxi ho ; quy tc xc nh s oxi ho.

GV giao bi tp cho 4 nhm.

IV. CNG C

Ho tr ca mt nguyn t trong hp cht , cch xc nh ho tr ca mt nguyn t trong lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr .

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

V. HNG DN CHUN B BI MI 1) Da vo thuyt lai ho v s xen ph m rng hn v su

sc hn kin thc v lin kt ion, lin kt cng ho tr, s chuyn tip gia lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr, gii thch hnh dng ca mt s phn t thng gp. 2) Nu v phn bit c c im cu trc v tnh cht chung ca kiu mng tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t v tinh th kim loi. 3) Phn bit c ho tr ca nguyn t trong hp cht ion v hp cht cng ho tr.

Tit 38, 39 Ngy son :29/11/2008

I . MC TIU 1) Kin thc

Bi LUYN TP CHNG 3

H thng ho ton b kin thc c hc chng 3 : Phn bit v so snh c bn cht, iu kin hnh thnh lin kt ion, lin kt cng ho tr v lin kt kim loi. Da vo thuyt lai ho v s xen ph m rng hn v su sc hn kin thc v lin kt ion, lin kt cng ho tr, s chuyn tip gia lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr, gii thch hnh dng ca mt s phn t thng gp. Nu v phn bit c c im cu trc v tnh cht chung ca kiu mng tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t v tinh th kim loi. Phn bit c ho tr ca nguyn t trong hp cht ion v hp cht cng ho tr. Nm chc quy tc xc nh s oxi ho ca nguyn t trong hp cht l kin thc quan trng cho vic hnh thnh kin thc tip theo chng 4 : Phn ng oxi ho kh.
2) K nng

Hiu khi nim m in v vn dng c, gi tr hiu m in d on c tnh cht ca lin kt.

Gio n Ho 10 NC Vn Tn Da vo c im ca tng loi lin kt gii thch v d on c tnh cht ca mt s cht c cu trc tinh th. Xc nh c ho tr, in ho tr, s oxi ho ca nguyn t trong hp cht ion v hp cht cng ho tr ; quy c v cch ghi nhng i lng . Gii c cc bi tp trong SGK v SBT ho hc 10 Nng cao. S dng thnh tho v tm kim c thng tin cn thit v lin kt, mng tinh th v cc kin thc ho hc khc gip chng ta hc tp mn ho hc ngy cng tt hn.
II . CHUN B

Yu cu HS chun b trc bi luyn tp. GV c th chun b thm mt s phiu hc tp hoc s , biu bng.
III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC A. Kin thc cn nm vng Hot ng 1 : T chc tnh hung hc tp

GVt cu hi cho HS : Chng ta c hc cc loi LKHH no ?

Hot ng 2 : n li cc kiu LKHH theo s sau :

Lin kt ho hc

Lin kt ion Bn cht v iu kin.

Lin kt kimloi Bn cht v iu kin.

Lin kt cng ho tr C cc : Bn cht v iu kin. Khng cc : Bn cht v iu kin ?

GV yu cu HS in tip ni dung kin thc vo s cho n khi hon thnh.

Hot ng 3 : Da vo s va hon thnh, GV hng dn HS so snh

1. Lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr c g ging v khc nhau ?

Gio n Ho 10 NC Vn Tn 2. Lin kt kim loi, lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr c g ging v khc nhau ? 3. Thc t cho thy vic phn bit lin kt ion v lin kt cng ho tr l khng c ranh gii r rt. Vy hiu m in c ngha nh th no cho vic phn loi hai lin kt ny? Da vo cc kin thc c hc, HS ln lt trnh by cc cu hi ca GV.
Hot ng 4 : HS trnh by trn lp

1. Phn bit cc kiu lai ho sp, sp2 v sp3. 2. Phn bit lin kt n, lin kt i, lin kt ba. 3. Xen ph trc, xen ph bn vi vic hnh thnh lin kt v lin kt ; so snh bn ca cc lin kt ny. 4. Da vo thuyt lai ho gii thch dng hnh hc ca phn t CO2 v CH4. GV b sung v tng kt : s xen ph trc, xen ph bn v thuyt lai ho l kin thc rng hn gip chng ta gii thch c bn cht lin kt, hnh dng phn t.
Hot ng 5 : So snh cc kiu mng tinh th

GV chun b sn mu phiu so snh (di dng bng) cho HS. HS tho lun, trnh by v in cc ni dung cn thiu trong bng : Lo i c tnh
1. Khi nim 2. Lin kt gia cc phn t cu to 3. c im v lc lin kt 4. Tnh cht chung

Tinh th ion

Tinh th nguyn t

Tinh th phn t

Tinh th kim loi

Da vo bng, GV hng dn HS so snh khi nim, c im cu to, lc lin kt v tnh cht ca cc cht c mng tinh th tng ng. GV tng kt kin thc v mng tinh th.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Hot ng 6 : Phn bit c ho tr v s oxi ho theo bng sau Loi Mc 1. Khi nim 2. Cch xc nh 3. Cch ghi Ho tr trong hp cht ion Ho tr trong hp cht cng ho tr S oxi ho

Vn Tn

GV yu cu HS in y cc thng tin vo ch trng trong bng trn. GV tng kt li ton chng.

B. Bi tp Hot ng 7 :

GV cht li mt s dng bi tp thng gp trong chng 3 : + Bi tp phn loi nh gi lin kt da vo m in. + Bi tp v LKHH. + Bi tp v xc nh ho tr v s oxi ho trong hp cht ion v cng ho tr. + Bi tp v mng tinh th. GV giao nhim v cho tng nhm cha mt s bi c th trong SGK, tho lun. + Nhm 1 : cha bi 3 trang 100 SGK. + Nhm 2 : cha bi 4 trang 100 SGK. + Nhm 3 : cha bi 7 trang 100 SGK. + Nhm 4 : cha bi 8 v 9 trang 100 SGK. Sau mi bi cha GV cng c li kin thc hc.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Chng 4
Tit 40, 41 Ngy son :2/12/2008
I . MC TIU 1) Kin thc

PHN NG HO HC
Bi PHN NG OXIHOA-KH

Hiu c th no l cht oxi ho, cht kh, s oxi ho, s kh, phn ng oxi ho - kh theo thuyt cu to nguyn t. Bit lp phng trnh oxi ho - kh bng phng php thng bng electron.
2) K nng

Xc nh s oxi ho, cn bng PTHH, phn bit phn ng oxi ho - kh vi cc phn ng ho hc khc.
II . CHUN B

GV giao cho hc sinh chun b mt s cu hi n tp kin thc c : Cu 1 : a) Th no l phn ng oxi ho - kh, cht kh ? Cht oxi ho, cho VD c th. (tham kho SGK ho hc lp 8). b) Phn ng sau y c phi phn ng oxi ho - kh khng ? V sao ? Xc nh cht kh, cht oxi ho nu c : 4Na + O2 2Na2O Cu 2 : a) Nu quy tc xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t. b) Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t trong cc cht sau : O2, Na, H2O, NaCl, H2SO4, CuSO4.
III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

GV : Th no l HS tho lun, n li phn ng oxi ho - kin thc c v phn kh ? ng oxi ho - kh hc lp 8. I. PHN NG OXIHO .GV : Xt phn ng ca Na vi O2 KH 1. Vit PTHH. 2. Phn ng c phi oxi ho - kh khng? V sao ? 3. Xc nh cht kh, cht oxi ho. GV : Sau y chng ta cng nghin cu bn cht ca phn 1. Phn ng ca Na vi ng oxi ho kh trn. 1. Hy cho bit lin O2 kt ho hc trong phn t Na2O. 2. Cho bit qu trnh hnh thnh lin kt ho hc trong phn t Na2O. GV : Nh vy bn cht ca cht kh, cht oxi ho, phn ng oxi ho - kh gia Na v O2 l g ? GV : Nh vy trong 2 du hiu xc nh phn ng oxi ho kh : - Du hiu nhng v chim oxi. - Du hiu thay i s oxi ho. Du hiu no l du HS vn dng kin thc c tr li cu hi, tho lun chung rt ra khi nim cht kh, cht oxi ho, phn ng oxi ho kh da vo du hiu nhng v chim oxi (nh SGK). HS vn dng kin thc v lin kt ho hc v cu to nguyn t tr li cu hi. HS tho lun chung rt ra nhn xt : - Cht kh : Na nhng e. S oxi ho nguyn t Na l s nhng e Na Na+ + 1e - Cht oxi ho : O2 nhn e. S kh nguyn t O l s nhn e O + 2e 2 O - Na nhng e cho O2. HS tho lun v rt ra nhn xt : - Phn ng ca Na vi O2 : 0 0 4 Na + O2 + 2 2 Na2 O

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

hiu cho thy bn cht ca phn ng ? GV : Xt phn ng ca Fe vi CuSO4 1. Vit PTHH. 2. Da vo du hiu nhng v chim oxi, phn ng ny c phi oxi ho - kh hay khng ? GV : Hy xem xt bn cht ca phn ng : - Xc nh s oxi ho. - S oxi ho cc nguyn t c thay i khng ? V sao ? GV : Phn ng gia 2. Phn ng ca Fe vi Fe v CuSO4 c bn cht tng t phn d2 mui CuSO4 ng oxi ho kh ca Na v O2 v th cng thuc loi phn ng oxi ho - kh. GV: 1. Xc nh cht kh, cht oxi ho ? 2. Vit s kh, s oxi ho xy ra trong phn ng trn ? GV : Xt phn ng ca H2 v Cl2 1. Vit PTHH. 2. Xc nh s oxi ho cc nguyn t. GV : Phn ng ca H2 v Cl2 tuy khng c

- Cht kh l Na c s oxi ho tng v Na nhng e. - Cht oxi ho l O2 c s oxi ho gim v O nhn e. - Phn ng oxi ho - kh gia Na v O2 c s thay i s oxi ho v c s cho - nhn e. HS tho lun rt ra kt lun du hiu thay i s oxi ho mi l du hiu bn cht ca phn ng oxi ho - kh. HS tr li cu hi rt ra : 0 +2 0 + Cu SO4 Cu + Fe +2 FeSO4 - S oxi ho ca nguyn t Fe tng t 0 +2, v Fe nhng e. - S oxi ho ca nguyn t Cu gim t +2 0, v ion Cu2+ nhn e . - Phn ng Fe vi CuSO4 c s thay i s oxi ho v Fe nhng e cho ion Cu2+ HS xc nh : - Fe l cht kh. S oxi ho Fe : 0 +2 Fe Fe + 2e - Cu+2 l cht oxi ho. +2 S kh Cu : +2 Cu + 2e Cu

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

s cho v nhn hn electron nhng vn c s dch chuyn electron nn c s thay i s oxi ho tng t nh phn ng ca Na vi O2, phn ng Fe vi CuSO4 v vy cng l phn ng oxi ho - kh. GV : T PTHH va vit, hy : 1. Xc nh cht oxi ho, cht kh. 2. S oxi ho, s kh.

=> Phn ng gia Fe v CuSO4 tn ti ng thi s oxi ho, s kh v vy cng l phn ng oxi ho - kh. HS tr li cu hi, tho lun, rt ra : 0 0 PTHH : H2 + Cl 2 - S oxi ho ca H tng t 0 +1 v e ca H dch chuyn sang Cl. -S oxi ho ca Cl gim t 0 1 v Cl ht e ca H v pha mnh. HS xc nh : - H2 l cht kh. S lm tng s oxi ho ca H l s oxi ho. - Cl2 l cht oxi ho. S lm gim s oxi ho ca Cl l s kh. - Phn ng tn ti ng thi s oxi ho v s kh l phn ng oxi ho - kh. HS xem xt li ton b cc VD nghin cu v phn ng oxi ho kh, nu : Du hiu xc nh cht kh, cht oxi ho, s kh, s oxi ho, phn ng oxi ho kh l
2H Cl
+1 1

3. Phn ng ca hiro vi GV : Cho bit du hiu v bn cht : clo 1. Cht kh, cht oxi ho. 2. S kh, s oxi ho. 3. Phn ng oxi ho kh.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

GV hng dn HS rt s thay i s oxi ho, bn cht l s chuyn ra nh ngha. e. HS rt ra nh ngha nh SGK. HS lm bi tp 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 SGK trang 102, 103. (kt thc tit 1) 4.nh ngha GV nu ngn gn mc tiu ca tit hc. GV : lp mt phng trnh biu din phn ng ho hc cn phi bit : - Cng thc ho hc cc cht tham gia v to thnh sau phn ng. - La chn h s thch hp thc hin cn bng phn ng. GV gii thiu cho HS nguyn tc cn bng nh SGK. HS tin hnh cc bc cn bng. HS trnh by ngn gn vic cn bng mt PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho kh : HS cn bng PTHH th d 2, tham kho SGK xc nh vai tr mi trng v cch tm h s ca HCl.

II.LP PHNG TRNH GV : HO HC CA PHN Th d 1 : Lp PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho NG OXIHO KH - kh sau y : Fe2O3 + CO Fe + CO2 GV gii thiu tng bc cn bng, yu cu HS tin hnh cc bc

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

. III. NGHA CA GV : Nu ngha ca phn ng oxi PHN NG OXIHO KH ho - kh. HS tham kho SGK nu ngha ca phn ng oxi ho - kh, lin h thc tin rt ra kt lun.

Tng kt v vn dng : HS lm cc bi tp s 6,7 SGK trang 103, 104

IV. CNG C

Th no l cht oxi ho, cht kh, s oxi ho, s kh, phn ng oxi ho - kh theo thuyt cu to nguyn t.
V. HNG DN CHUN B BI 1) Bit da vo s thay i s oxi ho phn loi phn ng

ho hc thnh 2 loi : phn ng oxi ho - kh v phn ng khng phi oxi ho - kh. 2) Xc nh s oxi ho v nhn ra phn ng oxi ho - kh.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 42,43

Bi PHN LOI PHN NG TRONG HO HC V C

Ngy son : 6/12/2008

I . MC TIU

Cng c kin thc v phn loi phn ng ho hc, xc nh s oxi ho v nhn ra phn ng oxi ho - kh. Bit da vo s thay i s oxi ho phn loi phn ng ho hc thnh 2 loi : phn ng oxi ho - kh v phn ng khng phi oxi ho - kh. Bit th no l phn ng to nhit, phn ng thu nhit, nhit phn ng (H) , phng trnh nhit ho hc.
II . CHUN B GV chun b phiu hc tp, hnh v s 4.1, 4.2 nh trong SGK.

Phiu hc tp
Ni dung1. Phn ng c s thay i s oxi ho, khng c s thay i s oxi ho Bng 1.Kt lun : Da vo du hiu s oxi ho c th phn phn ng ho hc thnh nhng loi no ?

Gio n Ho 10 NC Loi phn ng S

Vn Tn Th d v phn ng trong C s thay i Khng c s thay i s s oxi ho oxi ho

A+B AB AB A+B AB+CD AD+ CB AB+C AC+B

Ni dung 2. Phn ng to nhit, phn ng thu nhit Bng 2. Phn ng nh ngha VD Nhit phn ng ( H) Cho phng trnh nhit ho hc sau : H2(k) + = 285,8 kJ Em bit g v phn ng t nhng thng tin trong phng trnh ?
III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC 1 O2(k) H2O(l) H 2

Phn ng to nhit

Phn ng thu nhit

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I. PHN NG C S THAY I I S OXIHO V PHN NG KHNG C S THAY I S OXIHO HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

T chc tnh hung hc tp : C th phn loi phn ng ho hc thnh nhng loi no ? Bi hc ny s gip chng ta tr li cu hi trn.
GV : Hy in y cc thng tin, v tr li cu hi ni dung 1 (phiu hc tp). HS thc hin ni dung 1 trong phiu hc tp, tho lun, rt ra nhn xt nh SGK. HS tr li cu hi vo phiu hc tp, tho lun v rt ra s phn loi phn ng ho hc nh SGK. HS tham kho SGK, lin h thc t tr li ni dung 2 trong phiu hc tp (bng 2), tho lun v rt ra kt lun v phn ng to nhit, phn ng thu nhit nh SGK. HS tho lun v rt ra kt lun v khi nim hiu ng nhit ca phn ng ho hc, cc gi tr ca n nh SGK. HS rt ra th no l phng trnh nhit ho hc v ngha ca n.

1. ho hp 2.Phn ng phn hu 3. Phn ng th 4. Phn ng trao i 5. Kt lun

GV gii thiu cho HS : da II. PHN NG TO NHIT vo nhit to ra hay thu vo V PHN NG THU NHIT ngi ta phn lm hai loi : 1.nh ngha phn ng to nhit v phn ng thu nhit, yu cu HS hon thnh ni dung 2 trong 2. Phng trnh nhit ho hc phiu hc tp. GV gii thiu cho HS v nhit phn ng v cc gi tr ca H trong cc phn ng, cho HS quan st hnh 4.1 ; 4.2 trong SGK. GV gii thiu cho HS v phng trnh nhit ho hc, ly VD, ch r cho HS c c cc thng tin trong phng trnh nhit ho hc. Tng kt v vn dng : HS thc hin cc bi tp trang 109, 110 trong SGK. IV. CNG C

Gio n Ho 10 NC Vn Tn Phn loi phn ng ho hc, xc nh s oxi ho v nhn ra phn ng oxi ho - kh. Bit th no l phn ng to nhit, phn ng thu nhit, nhit phn ng
V. HNG DN CHUN B BI Cch lp PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho - kh theo phng php thng

bng electron

Tit 44, 45 Ngy son :10/12/2008

I . MC TIU

Bi LUYN TP CHNG 4

Cng c kin thc v phn ng oxi ho - kh, phn loi phn ng ho hc, phn ng to nhit, phn ng thu nhit.

Rn k nng lp PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho - kh theo phng php thng bng electron.
II . CHUN B GV c th p dng phng php dy hc d n, giao cho HS cc nhim v c th thc hin mc tiu bi hc v t chc bo co kt qu trong gi hc. III . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY T chc tnh hung hc tp : Da vo s oxi ho ta c th phn loi phn ng ho hc thnh nhng loi no ? H CA TR

Du hiu bn cht v lp PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho - kh nh th no ?

GV : Hy cho bit : 1. Th no l phn ng oxi ho - kh ? HS tr li cu hi, tho lun v rt ra kt lun nhng kin thc

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY 2. Th no l cht kh ? cht oxi ho ? 3. Th no l s kh, s oxi ho ? GV : cn bng phn ng oxi ho - kh, c th dng phng php cn bng no ? Nu nguyn tc v cc bc cn bng ? GV : Da vo du hiu s oxi ho : 1. C th phn phn ng ho hc lm my loi ? l nhng loi no? 2.Tong cc phn ng : ho hp, trao i, th, phn hu, phn ng no thuc loi phn ng oxi ho - kh ? GV : Da vo nng lng km theo phn ng ho hc di dng nhit c th phn loi phn ng ho hc thnh nhng loi no ?

Vn Tn
H CA TR cn nh v phn ng oxi ho - kh nh SGK. HS nu phng php thng bng electron, nguyn tc, cc bc cn bng PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho - kh. HS tr li cu hi, tho lun, kt lun v cch phn loi phn ng ho hc nh SGK.

HS tr li cu hi, kt lun v phn loi phn ng ho hc da vo nhit km theo phn ng. HS tr li cu hi, kt lun nh SGK.

GV : Nhit phn ng l g ? k hiu ? n v ? Cho bit cc gi tr ca nhit phn ng trong phn ng to nhit, phn ng thu nhit ?
Bi tp vn dng :HS lm cc bi tp 5, 6, 7, 8 v mt s bi trong SBT

IV. CNG C Nm li l thuyt , vn dng l thuyt vo vic gii bi tp V. HNG DN CHUN B BI Chun b bi thc hnh s 2 Gv chia hs theo nhm v phn cng ni dung chun b

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 46 Ngy son:18/12/2008

I . MC TIU

Bi BI THC HNH S 2 PHN NG OXIHOA KH

Bit c mc ch, cch tin hnh cc th nghim. S dng dng c, ho cht thc hin an ton, thnh cng cc th nghim trong bi. Quan st, gii thch hin tng xy ra, vit PTHH ca phn ng.
II . CHUN B 1. Dng c : Xem SGV. 2. Ho cht : Xem SGV.

Dng c, ho cht cho HS thc hnh th nghim theo nhm.

3. Hc sinh

n tp nhng kin thc lin quan n cc th nghim trong tit thc hnh. Nghin cu trc bit c dng c, ho cht v cch thc hin tng th nghim.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

4. Gio vin chun b mt s phiu hc tp

Vn Tn

Phiu s 1: Hy chn dng c, ho cht thch hp thc hin cc th nghim chng minh cho cc bin i : Fe + 2H+ Fe2+ + H2 Fe + Cu2+ Fe2+ + Cu Phiu s 2 : Ngi ta c th dng kh CO2 dp tt m chy c Mg kim loi c khng ? Gii thch, vit PTHH ca phn ng. Phiu s 3 : Khi nh t t tng git dd KMnO4 long vo hn hp dd FeSO4 v H2SO4 s c hin tng g xy ra, gii thch, vit PTHH ca phn ng.
III . MT S IM CN LU 1. y l bi thc hnh cng c, khc su hn cho HS nhng kin thc v phn ng oxi ho - kh. V vy, GV cn hng dn HS bit quan st nhn ra nhng du hiu ca hin tng phn ng xy ra.

2.

Nhng ni c iu kin, hc sinh kh, thnh tho trong thc hnh th nghim th : Phn ng ca kim loi vi dd axit ngoi vic thc hin th nghim ca Fe vi dd H2SO4, c th thc hin mt s th nghim khc nh Zn vi dd H2SO4 ; Zn vi dd HCl v.v... rt ra bn cht ca cc phn ng. Phn ng ca kim loi vi dd mui ngoi phn ng Fe vi dd CuSO4, c th thc hin mt s phn ng khc nh Zn vi dd CuSO4 ... 3. Th nghim phn ng oxi ho - kh trong mi trng axit rt gn vi nhng phn ng phn tch nh tnh bng phng php chun , GV cn thc hin mu cho HS xem ng tc dng ng nh git, nh tng git dd KMnO4 vo ng nghim cha hn hp H2SO4 v FeSO4, lc, quan st nhn ra s chuyn mu v kt thc ca phn ng. 4. GV c th th hin cc phiu hc tp ln bn trong, dng my chiu t chc hot ng ny cho HS s hiu qu hn. 5. Phn b thi gian c th thc hin.
IV . THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC Hot ng 1 : M u tit thc hnh

1. GV : - Nu mc tiu tit thc hnh. - Nu nhng yu cu HS phi thc hin trong tit hc. 2. S dng phiu hc tp kim tra vic chun b bi ca HS v hng dn HS thc hin nhim v tit thc hnh. 3. Gio vin thc hin mu mt s thao tc (gi ti lu th 3).
Hot ng 2 : Phn ng ca kim loi v dd axit

Gio n Ho 10 NC Vn Tn HS thc hin th nghim nh hng dn trong SGK Quan st hin tng xy ra, gii thch, vit PTHH, xc nh vai tr cc cht trong phn ng. C bt kh hiro bay ra, km tan dn trong dd. gii thch phi dng s trao i electron hay s thay i s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t tham gia phn ng.
Hot ng 3 : Phn ng gia kim loi v dd mui.

HS : Thc hin th nghim nh hng dn trong SGK. Quan st hin tng xy ra, gii thch, vit PTHH ca phn ng. Hin tng : Trn mt chic inh st c ph dn dn mt lp mu nu ( l Cu c gii phng), mu xanh ca dd CuSO4 gim dn do phn ng to thnh dd FeSO4 khng mu.
Hot ng 4 : Phn ng gia kim loi magie v kh cacbonnic.

HS : Thc hin th nghim nh hng dn trong SGK. HS quan st hin tng xy ra, gii thch, vit PTHH.
Hot ng 5 : Phn ng oxi ho kh trong mi trng axit

HS : Thc hin th nghim nh hng dn trong SGK. GV : Hng dn HS quan st hin tng : mu tm ca dd KMnO4 mt i khi nh tng git vo hn hp dd FeSO4 v H2SO4. n khi mu tm ca dd KMnO4 khng nht i na th dng khng nh tip KMnO4 na.
Hot ng 6 : Cng vic cui tit thc hnh

GV : Nhn xt, nh gi tit thc hnh. Yu cu HS vit tng trnh. HS : Thu dn dng c, ho cht, v sinh PTN, lp hc.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 47

Chng 5 NHM HALOGEN Bi 29: KHI QUT V HALOGEN

Ngay soan: 20/12/2008

I- MC TIU 5. Kin thc HS bit : - Nhm halogen gm nhng nguyn t no. V tr ca chng trong BTH cc nguyn t ha hc. - c im chung v cu to nguyn t, lin kt ha hc trong cc phn t halogen. - Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca cc halogen: tnh oxh. - Mt s quy lut bin i tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ha hc ca cc hal trong nhm. HS hiu : - V sao tih cht hoahc ca hal bin i cotnh quy lut. - Nguyn nhn dn n s thay i tnh phi kim ca cc hal l do s bin i v cu to nguyn t, m in, - Cc hal c s oxh -1; tr F, cc hal khc c th c cc s oxh +1, +3, +5, +7 l do m in v cu to lp e ngoi cng. 6. K nng: Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t cc nguyn t Hal, suy ra tnh cht chung ca nhm. Gii thch ti sao cc hal c cc s oxh trn. 7. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v nhm halogen. II- CHUN B DNG DY HC Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc Bng ph theo sgk. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- NHM HAL TRONG BTH CC NG.T Tn Ki.hiu Z flo F 9 clo Cl 17 brom Br 35 Iot I 53 atatin At 85 HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H 1: Cho hc sinh nghin cu BTH tm hiu: Hc sinh tr li. - Thnh phn ca nhm hal ? - K hiu ha hc v in tch ht nhn ?

II- CU HNH ELECTRON NG.T V H 2: Yu cu HS vit cu hnh e CU TO PH.T CA CC NG.T ca: Hc sinh xem hnh

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) TRONG NHM HAL - Cu hnh e: ns2np5
np5

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY H CA TR F (Z = 9): v v tr li. Cl (Z = 17): Br (Z = 35): I (Z = 53): Suy ra cu hnh e lp ngoi cng chung: - Da vo cu hnh ns2np5 cho bit tih cht chung ca cc hal? - Tnh oxh thay i nh th no t F n I ? - Vit Cte v CTCT ca phn t X2 ?

ns2

- c im: + Lp e.n.c c 7e, trong c 1e c thn. + ng.t F khng c ph.lp d, cc hal cn li u c phn lp d. Nn trng thi kch thch ng.t Cl, Br, I c th c 3, 5, 7 e c thn. + T F I s lp e tng dn. - CTPT: X2 - Nng lng lin kt X X khng ln, nn X2 d tch thnh 2 X.

II- KHI QUT V TNH CHT CA H 2: Cho hc sinh c sgk tr li Hc sinh c sch CC HAL cu hi ca gio vin gio khoa v tr li. 1. Tnh cht vt l Xem sgk 2. Tnh cht ha hc - Tnh oxh: X + 1e = XKh nng oxh gim dn t F I - Trong hp cht: + F lun c s oxh -1 + Cc hal khc ngoi s oxh -1 cn c +3, +5, +7. H 4: Cho hc sinh vit pt chng t hal c tnh oxh ? Cho hc sinh ly v d minh ha. Hc sinh tr li. Gii thch ti sao F khng c s oxh +3, +5, +7 trong khi cc nguyn t khc cng nhm u c ?

V- CNG C - Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t cc nguyn t Hal, suy ra tnh cht chung ca nhm. Gii thch ti sao cc hal c cc s oxh trn. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 119

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 48, 49

Bi 30: CLO - LUYN TP

Ngay soan: 22/12/2008

I- MC TIU 7. Kin thc HS bit : - Mt s tnh cht vt l, ng dng, phng php iu ch clo trong phng TN v trong cng nghip. Clo l cht kh c hi. HS hiu : - Tnh cht ha hc c bn ca clo l tnh oxh mnh: oxi ha kim loi, phi kim v mt s hp cht. Clo c tnh oxh mnh l do m in ln. - Trong mt s phn ng, clo cn th hin tnh kh. 8. K nng: Vit cc pthh minh ha cho tnh oxh mnh v tnh kh ca clo, pthh ca phn ng iu ch clo trong phng th nghim. 9. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v Clo. II- CHUN B Hai l cha kh clo iu ch sn, dy thp, n cn, kp st, III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- TNH CHT VT L - Cht kh mu vng lc, mi xc, rt c. HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

d Cl2

=
kk

71 > 1 : Clo nng hn kk. 29

H 1: Hs tm hiu sgk va quan st l dng kh clo rt Hc sinh tr li. ra nhng tnh cht vt l quan trng ca clo. Xc nh

- tnc = -33,60C, tha rn = -1010C. - Ha tan va phi trong nc. II- TNH CHT HA HC 1. Tc dng vi kim loi - TQ: 2Me + nCl2 2MeCln

d Cl2

=?
kk

- VD: 2Na 2Fe

+ Cl2 + 3Cl2
0

2NaCl 2FeCl3
-1

-1

H 2: Hng dn HS da vo Hc sinh vit cy s e lp n.c ca Cl hiu: hnh e v tr li. - Nguyn t clo c kh nng nhn e hay nhng e ? - Cch vit ptpu tng qut khi cho Cl2 tc dng vi kim loi Me.

2. Tc dng vi H2

H 3: Hng dn HS vit pthh ca clo tc dng vi hidro. Ch

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY
0 -1

Vn Tn
H CA TR du kin phn ng. Xc nh s oxh ca Clo trong puhh. H 4: hc sinh vit pthh ca clo Vit cu hnh e v vi nc v vi dd NaOH. Xc tr li cu hi bn. nh s oxh ca cc nguyn t trc v sau phn ng, vai tr ca clo trong phn ng, t rt ra nhn xt: cc phn ng u l phn ng t oxh kh. H 5: Hng dn HS vit pthh Vit pthh v xc xy ra v xc nh s oxh ca nh s oxh cc hal c trong phn ng: Cl2 + NaBr Cl2 + NaI H 6: hc sinh vit pthh ca clo hc sinh vit pthh v vi SO2 v vi dd FeCl3. Xc xc nh s oxh nh s oxh ca cc nguyn t trc v sau phn ng, vai tr ca clo trong phn ng H 7: Cho hc sinh xem sgk c sgk v tr li

H2

Cl2

as

2HCl
Hidroclorua

3. Tc dng vi nc v dd kim

Cl2 + H2O
Cl2 + 2NaOH
0

HClO + HCl
-1

+1

-1

NaCl + NaClO + H2O

+1

4. Tc dng vi cc mui hal khc

Cl2 + 2NaBr Cl2 + 2NaI

0 -1

-1

2NaCl + Br2 2NaCl + I2

+4
-1 0

-1

5. Tc dng vi cht kh khc

Cl2 + 2H2O + SO2 Cl2 + 2FeCl2

0 +2

2FeCl3

+3 -1

2HCl + H2SO4

-1

+6

III- TRNG THI T NHIN V NG DNG Xem sgk IV- IU CH 1. Trong phnh th nghim MnO2 + 4HCl t MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2
o

2KMnO4 + 16HCl 2KCl + MnCl2+ 5Cl2+ 8H2O KClO3 + 6HCl KCl + 3H2O + 3Cl2 2. Trong cng nghip ,cmn 2NaCl + 2H2O dpdd H2 + Cl2 + 2NaOH

H 8: Khai thc cc pu iu Hs vit phn ng v ch clo lp 9. xc dnh s oxh HS quan st hnh v, nhn xt v iu kin th nghim, k thut th nghim. S tn ti ca clo trong t nhin. H 9: Vit pt in phn NaCl, HS tr li ch mng ngn.

V- CNG C - Tnh cht ha hc c bn ca clo l tnh oxh mnh: oxi ha kim loi, phi kim v mt s hp cht. Clo c tnh oxh mnh l do m in ln. - Trong mt s phn ng, clo cn th hin tnh kh. - Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 125

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 50

Bi 31: HIRO CLORUA AXIT CLOHIRIC

Ngay soan: 24/12/2008

I- MC TIU 7. Kin thc HS bit : - Tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ha hc ca axit HCl - Tnh cht ca mui clorua v cch nhn bit ion clorua. HS hiu : - Trong phn t HCl clo c s oxh -1 l s oxh thp nht, v vy HCl th hin tnh kh. - Nguyn tc iu ch kh HCl trong phng TN v trong CN. 8. K nng: Vit pthh minh ha cho tnh axit v tnh kh ca axit HCl. Nhn bit hp cht cha Cl9. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v hiroclorua v axit clohiric. II- CHUN B Th nghim du ch kh HCl. Th nghim th tnh tan ca kh HCl trong nc. Bng tnh tan Tranh s iu ch axit HCl trong phng TN III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

I- TNH CHT VT L H 1: Hs quan st th nghim iu ch - Hiroclorua: l cht kh khng mu, kh HCl v th tih tan ca hidroclorua, Hc sinh quan st tan nhiu trong nc v to thnh axit rt ra kt lun th nghim v tr HCl li. Tnh t khi hi ca HCl vi kk ? 36,5 d HCl = > 1 : HCl nng hn kk.
kk

29

- Axit clohiric: l cht lng khng mu, bc khi trong kk m. C%ln nht = 37%.

Quan st l ng dd HCl

II- TNH CHT HA HC H 2: Thng bo kh HCl kh khng Hc sinh xem sgk. tham gia phn ng ca cc tnh cht ca 1. Hiroclorua Khng lm qu tm i mu, khng tc axit dng vi CaCO3, 2. Axit clohidric a) Tnh cht ca mt axit - Lm qu tm H 3: Yu cu hc sinh trnh by tih Hc sinh tr li. cht ha hc ca axit v vit ptpu minh ha cho cc tnh cht

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) - Tc dng vi kim loi (trc H) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 - Tc dng vi oxit baz CaO + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O - Tc dng vi baz NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O - Tc dng vi mui AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3 HOT NG CA THY

Vn Tn
H CA TR

b) Tnh kh H 4: Vit ptpu v xc nh s oxh ca Hc sinh tr li. MnO2 + 4HCl MnCl2 + 2H2O + clo trong cc phn ng bn. Cl2 2KMnO4 + 16HCl 2KCl + MnCl2+ 5Cl2 + 8H2O KClO3 + 6HCl KCl + 3H2O + 3Cl2 III- IU CH H 5: khai thc th nghim iu ch kh HCl t NaCl v H2SO4 tin hnh hc sinh quan st 1. Trong phng th nghim v tr li NaClkhan + H2SO4 NaHSO4 + HCl tnh cht vt l. 2NaClkhan + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2HCl 2. Trong cng nghip - Phng php sunfat 2NaClkhan + H2SO4 Na2SO4 2HCl - Phng php tng hp H2 + Cl2 2HCl

+ H 6: hc sinh quan st v phn tch s hc sinh xem sgk tng hp axit HCl trong cng nghip v tr li (hnh 5.6 sgk), rt ra kt lun

IV- MUI CA AXIT CLOHIRIC. NHN BIT ION CLORUA H 7: Cho hc sinh xem sgk 1. Mui ca axit clohiric 2. Nhn bit ion clorua - C s: Ag+ + Cl- = AgCltrng - Thuc th: AgNO3 - Hin tng: xut hin kt ta trng

hc sinh xem sgk

H 8: Nu c s, thuc th ca phng hc sinh tr li php nhn bit v hin tng xy ra.

V. CNG C - Vit pthh minh ha cho tnh axit v tnh kh ca axit HCl. - Nhn bit hp cht cha Cl- Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 130.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 51

Bi 32: HP CHT C OXI CA CLO

Ngay soan: 26/12/2008

I- MC TIU 7. Kin thc HS bit: - Cng thc, tn gi mt s oxit v axit c oxi ca clo. - Quy lut bin i tnh oxh v bn ca cc hp cht c oxi ca clo. - Tnh cht chung ca cc hp cht c oxi ca clo l tnh oxh. - Phn ng iu ch v ng dng ca nc Javen, muooisc clorat, clorua vi. HS hiu: - Trong hp cht c oxi ca clo, clo c s oxh dng. - Hp cht c oxi ca clo c tnh oxh. 8. K nng: - Gii thch tnh ty trng, st trng ca nc Javen v clorua vi. - Vit c mt s phn ng iu ch nc Javen, clorua vi, mui clorat. 9. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v hp cht c oxi ca clo. II- CHUN B - Chai ng nc Javen. - Mu clorua vi, mui KClO3, giy mu, ng nghim. - M t s hnh thnh phn t C2H4 (hnh 3.11) III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc dng dy hc trc quan. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) HOT NG CA THY H CA TR xc nh s oxh ca Cl trong cc hp cht ri ra nhn xt v mi quan h gia s oxh ca Cl vi tnh axit v tnh oxh.

I- S LC V CC OXIT V CC AXIT H 1: Thng tin v cng thc cc C OXI CA CLO oxt v axit c oxi ca clo cng tn gi, tnh axit, tnh oxh ca Tnh be n va tnh axit ta ng cc hp cht ny. +1 +7 +3 +5 Yu cu hc sinh xc nh s HClO HClO2 HClO3 HClO4 oxh ca Cl trong cc hp cht ri ax: hipoclor, clor, cloric, pecloric ra nhn xt v mi quan h gia s oxh ca Cl vi tnh axit v Kha na ng oxh ta ng tnh oxh. II- NC GIA-VEN, CLORUA VI, MUI H 2: Yu cu hc sinh vit CLORAT phng trnh pu iu ch nc Gia ven. 1. Nc Gia - ven Cho hc sinh quan st l ng - iu ch: nc Gia ven, lm th nghim +1 0 -1 2NaOH + Cl2 NaCl + NaClO + H2O ty trng mu ca nc gia ven. - Tnh cht Rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht ca + D b thy phn n. + Tnh oxh mnh

Hs vit phn ng v xaac nh s oxh ca clo. Quan st th nghim v nhn xt.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) NaClO + CO2 + H2O NaHCO3 + HClO 2. Clorua vi - iu ch: C Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 30 CaOCl2 + H2O Clorua vi
o

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY H CA TR

H 3: Yu cu hc sinh vit phng trnh phn ng iu ch v nu iu kin ca phn ng. Gii thch CTCT Cho hc sinh quan st l ng -1 clorua vi, rt ra tnh cht vt l. Cl - CTCT: Ca Hng dn hc sinh vit pthh +1 ca CaOCl2 vi: O Cl HCl - Tnh cht: + Tnh cht vt l: cht bt mu trng, c mi CO2 Yu cu hc sinh cho bit pu xc. no l phn ng oxh kh, gii + Tnh cht ha hc: c tnh oxh mnh thch ti sao. CaOCl2 + 2HCl CaCl2 + Cl2 + H2O CaOCl2+ CO2+ H2O CaCO3 + CaCl2 + 2HClO - ng dng: ty trng si, vi, giy, 3. Mui clorat - iu ch: H 4: Yu cu hc sinh vit
to

hc sinh vit pthh iu ch, xc nh s oxh tr li cu hi.

6KOH + Cl2

KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O

-1

+5

- Tnh cht: + Tnh cht vt l: l cht rn kt tinh, nng chy 356oC. Tan nhiu trong nc nng nhng t tan trong nc lnh. + Tnh cht ha hc: c tnh oxh mnh C 2KClO3 500 2KCl + 3O2 - ng dng: ch to thuc n, cng nghip dim.
0

hc sinh vit phng trnh phn ng iu pthh iu ch, ch v nu iu kin ca xc nh s oxh tr li cu hi. phn ng

Yu cu hc sinh cho bit pu no l phn ng oxh kh, gii thch ti sao. Nu tnh cht ca n v g dng trong thc t.

V- CNG C - Gii thch tnh ty trng, st trng ca nc Javen v clorua vi. - Vit c mt s phn ng iu ch nc Javen, clorua vi, mui clorat. Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 134.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 52

Bi 33: LUYN TP V CLO V HP CHT CA CLO

Ngay soan:28/12/2008
I. MC TIU 7. Kin thc Cng c kin thc: - Cu to nguyn t, cu to phn t, tnh cht v ng dng ca clo. - Hp cht ca clo: hp cht cha oxi ca clo c tnh oxh, axit clohiric c tnh axit mnh v c tnh kh ca gc clorua. - iu ch clo v hp cht ca clo. 8. K nng: Gii thch tnh oxh mnh ca clo v hp cht c oxi ca clo bng kin thc hc. Vit cc pthh gii thch, chng minh tnh cht ca clo v hp cht ca clo. 9. Thi : C nhn thc ng n v clo cng nh hp cht ca clo. II- CHUN B Bi tp v nh. III- PHNG PHP DY HC CH YU Phng php m thoi gi m kt hp vi vic s dng cc bi tp v nh. IV- THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) I- KIN THC CN NM VNG 1. Clo
-5e

HOT NG CA THY

H CA TR

Cl

-1

+1e

Cl

-3e

Cl
-7e

+3

Cl

+5

Cl

+7

Clo va c tnh kh va c tnh oxh 2. Hp cht ca clo - Trong hp cht vi oxi v flo: Clo c s oxh dng: +1; +3; +5; +7. Cn trong vi hc khc clo c s oxh -1.
H 2O - Kh HCl + dd HCl

H 1: hc sinh vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t Clo, vit CTCT Hc sinh tr li. ca Cl2, nu s oxh c th c ca clo. Xa nh mi lin h gia s oxh ca Cl2 vi cc s oxh khc, rt ra tnh cht chung ca clo H 2: hc sinh ly v d cc hp cht trong c s oxh -1, +1, +3, +5, +7 v rt ra kt lun. hc sinh nu tnh cht ha hc ca axit HCl v tnh kh ca Cl-. Ly v d minh ha. Hc sinh tr li.

- Nc Gia- ven, clorua vi, clorat: l nhng cht oxh mnh v c nhiu ng dng. 3. iu ch - Nguyn tc: Cl Cl2
+e

- Trong PT v CN II- BI TP

H 3: Nu nguyn tc du ch clo, ly v d bng PTHH. HS so snh phng php iu ch clo trong PTH v trong CN. H 4: Chia hc sinh trong lp thnh cc nhm hc tp, tin

Hc sinh tr li.

Hc sinh tr li.

Gio n Ho 10 NC
NI DUNG (phn ghi bng) Bi 1: sgk 10 Bi 2:
(4) (3)

Vn Tn
HOT NG CA THY hnh giao bi tp cho cc nhm hc sinh. H CA TR

Cl2
(1) (5) (6) (2)

HCl
Bi 3: sgk 10 Bi 4:

NaCl

Ch : khi vit ptpu nh vit s th t ca phn ng trong s phn ng.

NaClO
(1) (2)

Yu cu hc sinh vit phng trnh phn ng.

Hc sinh tr li.

(6) (5)

Cl2

(3) (4)

COCl2

KClO 3

V- CNG C - Cu to nguyn t, cu to phn t, tnh cht v ng dng ca clo. - Hp cht ca clo: hp cht cha oxi ca clo c tnh oxh, axit clohiric c tnh axit mnh v c tnh kh ca gc clorua. - iu ch clo v hp cht ca clo. Bi tp SGK Ha 10 trang 136.

Gio n Ho 10 NC

Vn Tn

Tit 53 N TP KIM TRA HC K I Tit 54 KIM TRA HC K I