GIO N GING DY

Trng: THPT Hong Diu Lp: 10D2 . Mn: Ha hc Tit th: 52. Ngy: 02/03/2013 H v tn GSh: Sn Th Chanh Thu M s SV: 2096728 H v tn GVHD: Trn Th Kim Quyn

Bi 32

HIRO SUNFUA LU HUNH IOXIT - LU HUNH TRIOXIT

I. MC TIU 1. Hc sinh bit Tnh cht vt l, trng thi t nhin v iu ch H2S. 2. Hc sinh hiu Dung dch H2S l axit rt yu, yu hn c H2CO3. Ngoi ra, H2S cn c tnh kh mnh. 3. Hc sinh vn dng D on, kim tra, kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc ca H2S. Vit phng trnh ha hc minh ho tnh cht ho hc ca H2S. Phn bit kh H2S vi kh khc bit nh kh oxi, hiro, clo. Gii c cc bi tp c ni dung lin quan n bi hc 4. Gio dc t tng Gip HS nhn thc c hiro sunfua l kh c, cn cn thn khi tip xc vi ngun hiro sunfua trong i sng v khi lm th nghim. Gio dc HS v nh hng ca kh hiro sunfua n mi trng, t hnh thnh thc bo v mi trng sng. II. PHNG PHP V PHNG TIN DY HC 1. Phng php m thoi, din ging, gii thch, tho lun nhm, nu vn . 2. Phng tin Sch gio khoa, my tnh, projector IV. NI DUNG V TIN TRNH LN LP 1. Kim tra bi c: (5 pht) 1

 Trnh by cc dng th hnh ph bin ca lu hunh. Trnh by tnh cht ho hc ca lu hunh. Cho v d minh ha. p n: Lu hunh c hai dng th hnh ph bin l: lu hunh t phng (S ) v lu hunh n t (S). Tnh cht ha hc ca lu hunh - C tnh oxi ha khi tc dng vi kim loi hay hiro.
t

3S + 2Al
t

Al2S3 (nhm sunfua) hoc kim loi khc nh Cu, Hg H2S (hiro sunfua)

S + H2

- C tnh kh khi tc dng vi cc cht oxi ha mnh hn nh O2, Cl2, F2...

t

S + O2
t

SO2 (lu hunh ddioxit) SF6 (lu hunh hexaflorua)

hay S + 3F2

2. Gii thiu bi mi: (2 pht) nhng tit trc, cc em c hc v hai nguyn t c trng ca nhm VI A. Hm nay, chng ta s tip tc hc v nhng hp cht ca lu hunh, tnh cht l ha, ng thi tm hiu nhng ng dng v tc hi ca chng trong i sng. Cc em thn mn! Nu nh gn ni c ng ng nc thi chy qua th chng ta s thng xuyn ngi thy mi hi kh chu bc ln, i khi ngi thy c nc ging. Mi hi chnh l do kh Hiro Sunfua gy ra. Vy hiro sunfua l hp cht g? N c nhng tnh cht ho hc no? Nu c phi ht th lu di khng kh ny th c c hi cho sc khe khng? Chng ta s cng tm c cu tr li qua tit hc ngy hm nay. 3. Dy bi mi:

NI DUNG
A. HIRO SUNFUA I. Tnh cht vt l: - Hiro Sunfua l cht kh khng mu, mi trng thi v rt c. - H2S hi nng hn khng kh,

Thi gian
5

HOT NG CA GV V HS

GV: Yu cu HS tr li mt s tnh cht vt l ca H2S. HS: Tr li 2

ha lng -600C v 1atm, t tan trong nc.

GV: cung cp thm thng tin v tc hi ca H 2S: H2S l sn phm ca s phn hy nhng cht hu c h thng v sinh v cng thot nc thi. -i vi thc vt: H2S lm rng l cy, gim s sinh trng cy trng. -i vi ngi: gy nhc u, mt mi, nu nng cao th s gy hn m, thm ch c th gy cht ngi. 8 GV: Yu cu HS nhc li tnh cht ha hc c bn ca axit no? HS: Tho lun GV: C th dng dung dch mui ca cc kim loi AgNO3, Pb(NO3)2 nhn bit H2S hoc mui Sufua. Hin tng: c kt ta mu en. GV: Hng dn HS khi cho H 2S tc dng vi NaOH th khi no to mui trung ha, khi no to mui axit? HS: Theo di

II. Tnh cht ha hc: 1. Tnh axit yu - Hiro Sunfua tan trong nc to thnh dung dch axit sunfuhiric, l mt axit yu (yu hn H2CO3), khi tc dng dung dch kim c th to thnh hai loi mui: S2-, hay HS-. H2S+2NaOHNa2S+2H2O H2S+NaOHNaHS+ H2O
nNaOH
2

Xt t l: T= n H S T=1 NaHS (natrihirosunfua) T=2 Na2S (natri sunfua) 1<T<2 NaHS v Na2S T<1 NaHS v H2S d T>2 Na2S v NaOH d 2. Tnh kh mnh. a) Tc dng vi oxi. -Khi t kh H2S trong khng kh, kh H2S chy vi ngn la mu xanh nht. 2H2S+3O2 2SO2+2H2O
to

10 GV: Hy cho bit s oxi ha ca S trong cc cht sau: H2S, S, SO2, H2SO4? T suy ra tnh cht ca H2S. HS: Tr li. GV: Trong iu kin thng, dung dch H 2S d tip xc vi khng kh dn tr nn vn c mu vng. -Khi t kh H2S trong khng kh cho ngn la mu xanh nht . (cho HS xem clip) GV: Yu cu HS vit v cn bng phng trnh ha hc theo phng php thng bng electron ca 2 hin tng trn. HS: Ln bng. 3

b) Tc dng vi dung dch brom. H2S+4Br2+H2O H2SO4+8HBr (nu ) (khng mu) III. Trng thi t nhin v iu ch: 1. Trng thi t nhin. -H2S c trong nc sui, khng kh, ni la, bc ra t xc cht ng vt.. -Trong cng nghip: khng sn xut H2S. 5

Lu : Nu t H2S nhit khng cao hoc thiu oxi, kh H2S b oxi ha thnh S t do, mu vng. 2H2S+O2 2S+2H2O GV: Cung cp thm phn ng ca H2S lm mt mu dung dch brom. HS: Theo di.
to

2. iu ch. -Trong phng th nghim iu ch t dung dch HCl tc dng vi FeS FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S 4. Cng c kin thc: (6 pht) HS nm c:

GV: Thng gp kh H2S u trong t nhin? HS: Da vo Sgk tr li. GV: Ti sao ngi ta khng sn xut H 2S trong cng nghip? HS: Tr li (do H2S l kh c) GV: Kh hyro sunfua vi hm lng tng i thp (10 ppm) cng c th gy n mn nhanh chng cc loi thit b my mc v cc ng ng dn. GV: Trong phng th nghim, ngi ta iu ch mt lng nh H2S th tnh cht ca n. Gii thiu th nghim Hnh 6.4. Yu cu HS vit phng trnh phn ng.

+Tnh cht vt l: H2S l cht kh khng mu, mi trng thi v rt c. +Tnh cht ha hc: ca H2S l tnh axit yu v tnh kh mnh. Bi tp nhm: Bi 1: Hon thnh chui phn ng ha hc sau: Fe FeS H2S S SO2 Bi 2: Nhn xt no sau y KHNG NG? A. Dung dch H2S c tnh axit yu B. Kh H2S va c tnh oxi ha va c tnh kh C. Kh H2S c mi trng thi v rt c D. Kh H2S c tnh kh mnh 5. Dn d: (2 pht) Ngi ta c tnh cc cht hu c trn Tri t sn sinh ra khong 33 tn H 2S hng nm, phn ln l do rc thi ca con ngi. H2S l cht gy nhim mi trng nng n, c 4

th gy c trc tip, phn ln chuyn thnh SO 2 gy ra hin tng ma axit. V vy, cc em cn c thc gi gn v sinh mi trng, bo v cuc sng ca chnh mnh. HS v n tp li tnh cht v gii cc bi tp lin quan n H 2S, chun b bi cho tit sau l SO2 v SO3. Gio vin hng dn Ngy duyt: Ch k Ngy son: 26/02/2013 Ngi son