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17

DNG IN TRONG KIM LOI

I. KIN THC: Dng in trong kim loi - Cc tnh cht in ca kim loi c th gii thch c da trn s c mt ca cc electron t do trong kim loi. Dng in trong kim loi l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc lectron t do. Bn cht dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron ngc chiu in trng. - Trong chuyn ng, cc lectron t do lun lun va chm vi cc ion dao ng quanh v tr cn bng cc nt mng v truyn mt phn ng nng cho chng. S va chm ny l nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca dy dnx kim loi v tc dng nhit. in tr sut ca kim loi tng theo nhit . in tr sut ca kim loi ph thuc vo nhit : = 0[1 + (t t0)]. : h s nhit in tr (K-1). 0 : in tr sut ca vt liu ti nhit t0. Sut in ng ca cp nhit in: E = T(T1 T2). Trong T1 T2 l hiu nhit gia u nng v u lnh; T l h s nhit in ng. - Hin tng siu dn: L hin tng in tr sut ca vt liu gim t ngt xung bng 0 khi khi nhit ca vt liu gim xung thp hn mt gi tr Tc nht nh. Gi tr ny ph thuc vo bn thn vt liu.

II. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: Cu hi 1: Pin nhit in gm: A. hai dy kim loi hn vi nhau, c mt u c nung nng. B. hai dy kim loi khc nhau hn vi nhau, c mt u c nung nng. C. hai dy kim loi khc nhau hn hai u vi nhau, c mt u c nung nng. D. hai dy kim loi khc nhau hn hai u vi nhau, c mt u mi hn c nung nng. Cu hi 2: Sut nhit in ng ph thuc vo: A. Nhit mi hn hn
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

B. chnh lch nhit mi

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C. chnh lch nhit mi hn v bn cht hai kim loi D. Nhit mi hn v bn cht hai kim loi Cu hi 3: in tr ca kim loi ph thuc vo nhit nh th no: A. Tng khi nhit gim C. Khng i theo nhit kim loi Cu hi 4: Hin tng siu dn l: A. Khi nhit h xung di nhit TC no th in tr ca kim loi gim t ngt n gi tr bng khng B. Khi nhit h xung di nhit TC no th in tr ca kim loi tng t ngt n gi tr khc khng C. Khi nhit tng ti nhit TC no th in tr ca kim loi gim t ngt n gi tr bng khng D. Khi nhit tng ti di nhit TC no th in tr ca kim loi gim t ngt n gi tr bng khng Cu hi 5: S ph thuc ca in tr sut vo nhit c biu thc: A. R = 0(1+t) B. R = R0(1 + t) C. Q = I2Rt D. = B. Tng khi nhit tng D. Tng hay gim ph thuc vo bn cht

Cu hi 6: Ngi ta cn mt in tr 100 bng mt dy nicrom c ng knh 0,4mm. in tr sut nicrom = 110.10-8m. Hi phi dng mt on dy c chiu di bao nhiu: A. 8,9m B. 10,05m C. 11,4m D. 12,6m Cu hi 7: Mt si dy ng c in tr 74 nhit 500C. in tr ca si dy 1000C l bao nhiu bit = 0,004K-1: A. 66 B. 76 C. 87,2 D. 96 Cu hi 8: Mt si dy ng c in tr 37 500C. in tr ca dy t0C l 43. Bit = 0,004K-1. Nhit t0C c gi tr: A. 250C B. 750C C. 950C D. 1000C Cu hi 9: Mt dy kim loi di 1m, ng knh 1mm, c in tr 0,4. Tnh chiu di ca mt dy cng cht ng knh 0,4mm khi dy ny c in tr 125: A. 4m B. 5m C. 6m D. 7m Cu hi 10: Mt dy kim loi di 1m, tit din 1,5mm2 c in tr 0,3. Tnh in tr ca mt dy cng cht di 4m, tit din 0,5mm2: A. 0,1 B. 0,25 C. 0,36 D. 0,4

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Cu hi 11: Mt thi ng khi lng 176g c ko thnh dy dn c tit din trn, in tr dy dn bng 32. Tnh chiu di v ng knh tit din ca dy dn. Bit khi lng ring ca ng l 8,8.103kg/m3, in tr sut ca ng l 1,6.10-8m: A.l =100m; d = 0,72mm C. l = 200m; d = 0,18mm B. l = 200m; d = 0,36mm D. l = 250m; d = 0,72mm

Cu hi 12: Mt bng n 270C c in tr 45, 21230C c in tr 360. Tnh h s nhit in tr ca dy tc bng n: A. 0,0037K-1 0,012 K-1 B. 0,00185 K-1 C. 0,016 K-1 D.

Cu hi 13: Hai dy ng hnh tr cng khi lng v cng nhit . Dy A di gp i dy B. in tr ca chng lin h vi nhau nh th no: A. RA = RB/4 B. RA = 2RB C. RA = RB/2 D. RA = 4RB Cu hi 14: Hai thanh kim loi c in tr bng nhau. Thanh A chiu di lA, ng knh dA; thanh B c chiu di lB = 2lA v ng knh dB = 2dA. in tr sut ca chng lin h vi nhau nh th no: A. A = B/4 B. A = 2B C. A = B/2 D. A = 4B Cu hi 15: Dng in trong kim loi l dng dch chuyn c hng ca: A. cc ion m, electron t do ngc chiu in trng. B. cc electron t do ngc chiu in trng. C. cc ion, electron trong in trng. D. cc electron,l trng theo chiu in trng. Cu hi 16: Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca kim loi l s va chm ca: A. Cc electron t do vi ch mt trt t ca ion dng nt mng B. Cc electron t do vi nhau trong qu trnh chuyn ng nhit hn lon C. Cc ion dng nt mng vi nhau trong qu trnh chuyn ng nhit hn lon D. Cc ion dng chuyn ng nh hng di tc dng ca in trng vi cc electron Cu hi 17: Khi hai kim loi tip xc vi nhau: A. lun lun c s khuch tn ca cc electron t do v cc ion dng qua li lp tip xc B. lun lun c s khuch tn ca cc ht mang in t do qua li lp tip xc C. cc electron t do ch khuch tn t kim loi c mt electron t do ln sang kim loi c mt electron t do b hn D. Khng c s khuch tn ca cc ht mang in qua li lp tip xc nu hai kim loi ging ht nhau
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Cu hi 18: Cng dng in chy qua dy dn kim loi tun theo nh lut m ph thuc vo iu kin no sau y: A. Dng in qua dy dn kim loi c cng rt ln B. Dy dn kim loi c nhit tng dn C. Dy dn kim loi c nhit gim dn D. Dy dn kim loi c nhit khng i Cu hi 19: n v in dn sut l: A. m() B. vn(V) C. m.mt(.m) D. 2 .m Cu hi 20: Chn p n cha chnh xc nht: A. Kim loi l cht dn in tt B. Dng in trong kim loi tun theo nh lut m C. Dng in qua dy dn kim loi gy ra tc dng nhit D. in tr sut ca kim loi tng theo nhit Cu hi 21: Chn mt p n ng: A. in tr dy dn bng kim loi gim khi nhit tng B. Dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn ri ca cc electron C. Dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion D. Kim loi dn in tt v mt electron trong kim loi ln Cu hi 22: Chn mt p n sai: A. Dng in qua dy dn kim loi gy ra tc dng nhit B. Ht ti in trong kim loi l ion C. Ht ti in trong kim loi l electron t do D. Dng in trong kim loi tun theo nh lut m khi gi nhit khng i Cu hi 23: in dn sut ca kim loi v in tr sut ca n c mi lin h m th: t bi
O A O B O C O D

Cu hi 24: Mt dy vnfram c in tr 136 nhit 1000C, bit h s nhit in tr = 4,5.10-3K-1. Hi nhit 200C in tr ca dy ny l bao nhiu: (mV) A. 100 B. 150 C. 175 D. 200 3 Cu hi 25: th biu din s ph thuc ca sut nhit in ng vo hiu nhit 2,08 2 gia hai 1 mi hn ca cp nhit in st constantan nh hnh v. H s nhit in ng ca cp T(K O ) ny l: 10 20 30 40 50 A. 52V/K B. 52V/K C. 5,2V/K D. 5,2V/K Cu hi 26: Chn mt p n sai:
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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A. Sut in ng sut hin trong cp nhit in l do chuyn ng nhit ca ht ti in trong mch c nhit khng ng nht sinh ra B. Cp nhit in bng kim loi c h s nhit in ng ln hn ca bn dn C. Cp nhit in bng kim loi c h s nhit in ng nh hn ca bn dn D. H s nhit in ng ph thuc vo bn cht cht lm cp nhit in Cu hi 27: Mt mi hn ca cp nhit in c h s nhit in 65V/K t trong khng kh 200C, cn mi kia c nung nng n nhit 2320C. Sut nhit in ca cp ny l: A. 13,9mV B. 13,85mV C. 13,87mV D. 13,78mV Cu hi 28: Khi nhng mt u ca cp nhit in vo nc ang tan, u kia vo nc ang si th sut nhit in ca cp l 0,860mV. H s nhit in ng ca cp ny l: A. 6,8V/K B. 8,6 V/K C. 6,8V/K D. 8,6 V/K Cu hi 29: Ni cp nhit in ng constantan vi milivn k o sut nhit in ng trong cp. Mt u mi hn nhng vo nc ang tan, u kia gi nhit t0C khi milivn k ch 4,25mV, bit h s nhit in ng ca cp ny l 42,5V/K. Nhit t trn l: A. 1000C B. 10000C C. 100C D. 2000C Cu hi 30: Dng mt cp nhit in st Niken c h s nhit in ng l 32,4V/K c in tr trong r = 1 lm ngun in ni vi in tr R = 19 thnh mch kn. Nhng mt u vo nc ang tan, u kia vo hi nc ang si. Cng dng in qua in tr R l: A. 0,162A B. 0,324A C. 0,5A P N 5 6 D 15 B 25 A C 16 A 26 B D. 0,081A

Cu p n Cu p n Cu p n

1 D 11 B 21 D

2 C 12 A 22 B

3 B 13 D 23 D

4 A 14 C 24 A

7 C 17 B 27 D

8 D 18 D 28 B

9 B 19 D 29 A

10 D 20 B 30 A

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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18

DNG IN TRONG CHT IN PHN

I.KIN THC - Trong dung dch, cc axit, ba z, mui b phn li thnh ion. - Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion trong in trng theo hai hng ngc nhau. - Hin tng gc axit trong dung dch in phn tc dng vi cc dng to thnh cht in phn tan trong dung dch v cc dng b mn i gi l hin tng dng cc tan. - Ni dung cc nh lut Faraday: - + nh lut 1: Khi lng cht c gii phng in cc ca bnh in phn t l thun vi in lng chy qua bnh . m = kq - + nh lut 2: ng lng ha hc ca nguyn t t l vi ng lng gam A ca nguyn t .
n

- H s t l l

1 F

, trong F gi l s Faraday. k =
1 A It F n

1 A F n

- Biu thc kt hp ni dung hai nh lut: II. TRC NGHIM TNG HP

m=

Cu hi 1: Mt bnh in phn cha dung dch bc nitrat c ant bng bc, cng dng in chy qua bnh in phn l 5A. Lng bc bm vo cc m ca bnh in phn trong 2 gi l bao nhiu, bit bc c A = 108, n = 1: A. 40,29g A. N/m; F mol/C B. 40,29.10-3 g B. N; N/m C. 42,9g C. kg/C; C/mol D. 42,910-3g D. kg/C; Cu hi 2: n v ca ng lng in ha v ca hng s Faray ln lt l:

Cu hi 3: Mt bnh in phn cha dung dch bc nitrat c ng lng in ha l 1,118.10-6kg/C. Cho dng in c in lng 480C i qua th khi lng cht c gii phng ra in cc l: A. 0,56364g B. 0,53664g C. 0,429g
-3 D. 0,0023.10 g m(10 kg)
- 4

2,236 Cu hi 4: th biu din s ph thuc gia khi lng cht gii phng 2 ra in cc ca bnh in phn v in lng ti qua bnh. ng lng in ha ca cht in phn trong bnh ny l: O

Q(C)
200

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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A. 11,18.10-6kg/C

B. 1,118.10-6kg/C

C. 1,118.10-6kg.C

D.11,18.10-

kg.C

Cu hi 5: Bnh in phn c ant lm bng kim loi ca cht in phn c ha tr 2. Cho dng in 0,2A chy qua bnh trong 16 pht 5 giy th c 0,064g cht thot ra in cc. Kim loi dng lm anot ca bnh in phn l: A. niken B. st C. ng D. km Cu hi 6: Hai bnh in phn mc ni tip vi nhau trong mt mch in, bnh 1 cha dung dch CuSO4 c cc in cc bng ng, bnh 2 cha dung dch AgNO3 c cc in cc bng bc. Trong cng mt khong thi gian nu lp bc bm vo catot ca bnh th 2 l m2 = 41,04g th khi lng ng bm vo catot ca bnh th nht l bao nhiu. Bit ACu = 64, nCu = 2, AAg = 108, nAg = 1: A. 12,16g B. 6,08g C. 24, 32g D. 18,24g Cu hi 7: Mun m ng mt tm st c din tch tng cng 200cm2 ngi ta dng tm st lm catot ca bnh in phn ng dung dch CuSO4 v anot l mt thanh ng nguyn cht, cho dng in 10A chy qua bnh trong 2 gi 40 pht 50 giy. Tm chiu dy ca lp ng bm trn mt tm st. Bit ACu = 64, n = 2, D = 8,9g/cm3 A. 1,6.10-2cm 2,2.10-2cm B. 1,8.10-2cm C. 2.10-2cm D.

Cu hi 8: Mt bnh in phn cha dung dch mui kim loi c in cc lm bng chnh kim loi . Cho dng in 0,25A chy qua trong 1 gi thy khi lng catot tng xp x 1g. Hi cc in cc lm bng g trong cc kim loi: st A1 = 56, n1 = 3; ng A2 = 64, n2 = 2; bc A3 = 108, n3 = 1 v km A4 = 65,5; n4 = 2 A. st B. ng C. bc D. km Cu hi 9: Mun m niken cho mt khi tr bng st c ng knh 2,5cm cao 2cm, ngi ta dng tr ny lm catot v nhng trong dung dch mui niken ca mt bnh in phn ri cho dng in 5A chy qua trong 2 gi, ng thi quay khi tr niken ph u. Tnh dy lp niken ph trn tm st bit niken c A = 59, n = 2, D = 8,9.103kg/m3: A. 0,787mm B. 0,656mm C. 0,434mm D. 0,212mm Cu hi 10: Hin tng cc dng tan xy ra khi in phn dung dch: A. mui kim loi c ant lm bng kim loi loi C. mui kim loi c ant lm bng kim loi ant lm bng kim loi B. axit c ant lm bng kim D. mui, axit, baz c

Cu hi 11: Nguyn nhn lm xut hin cc ht mang in t do trong cht in phn l do:
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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A. s tng nhit ca cht in phn gia hai in cc

B. s chnh lch in th

C. s phn ly ca cc phn t cht tan trong dung mi D. s trao i electron vi cc in cc Cu hi 12: Do nhng nguyn nhn g m dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng? A. chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t tng lm kh nng phn ly thnh ion tng do va chm B. nht ca dung dch gim lm cc ion chuyn ng d dng hn C. chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t in cc tng ln v th tc dng mnh ln dung dch D. c A v B Cu hi 13: Mt b ngun gm 30 pin mc hn hp thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi nhm c 10 pin mc song song, mi pin c sut in ng 0,9V v in tr trong 0,6. Mt bnh in phn dung dch ng c anot bng ng c in tr 205 ni vi hai cc b ngun trn thnh mch kn. Tnh khi lng ng bm vo catot trong thi gian 50 pht, bit A = 64, n = 2: A. 0,01g B. 0,023g C. 0,013g D. 0,018g Cu hi 14: Mt tm kim loi c din tch 120cm2 em m niken c lm catot ca bnh in phn dung dch mui niken c anot lm bng niken. Tnh b dy ca lp niken c m bit dng in qua bnh in phn c cng 0,3A chy qua trong 5 gi, niken c A = 58,7; n = 2; D = 8,8.103kg/m3: A. 0,021mm B. 0,0155mm C. 0,012mm D. 0,0321 Cu hi 15: Dng in trong cht in phn l dng dch chuyn c hng ca: A. cc ion dng theo chiu in trng v cc ion m ngc chiu in trng B. cc ion dng theo chiu in trng v cc ion m, electron t do ngc chiu in trng C. cc electron ngc chiu in trng, l trng theo chiu in trng D. cc ion v electron trong in trng Cu hi 16: M kn cho mt b mt kim loi c din tch 40cm2 bng in phn. Bit Ni = 58, ha tr 2, D = 8,9.103kg/m3. Sau 30 pht b dy ca lp kn lB0,03mm. Dng in qua bnh in phn c cng :
, r A. 1,5A B. 2A C. 2,5A D. 3A Cu hi 17: Mt mch in nh hnh v. R = 12, : 6V 9W; bnh in phn CuSO4 c
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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anot bng Cu; = 9V, r = 0,5. n sng bnh thng, khi lng Cu bm vo catot mi pht l bao nhiu: A. 25mg B. 36mg C. 40mg D. 45mg Cu hi 18: bi ging cu hi 17. Tnh hiu sut ca ngun: A. 69% B. 79% C. 89% D. 99% Cu hi 19: in phn dung dch H2SO4 c kt qu sau cng l H2O b phn tch thnh H2 v O2. Sau 32 pht th tch kh O2 thu c l bao nhiu nu dng in c cng 2,5A chy qua bnh, v qu trnh trn lm iu kin tiu chun: A. 112cm3 B. 224 cm3 C. 280 cm3 D. 310cm3 Cu hi 20: ng lng in ha l i lng c biu thc: A. m/Q B. A/n C. F D. 1/F P N Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 p n A C B B C A B C A C Cu 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 p n C D C B A B C C C A

19

DNG IN TRONG CHT KH V CHN KHNG

I.KIN THC: 1. Dng in trong cht kh: - Trong iu kin thng th cht kh khng dn in. Cht kh ch dn in khi trong lng n c s ion ha cc phn t. - Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion dng, ion m v cc electron do cht kh b ion ha sinh ra. - Khi dng ngun in gy hiu in th ln th xut hin hin tng nhn ht ti in trong lng cht kh. - Qu trnh phng in vn tip tc c quy tr khi khng cn tc nhn ion ha cht kh t bn ngoi gi l qu trnh phng in t lc. - H quang in l qu trnh phng in t lc hnh thnh dng in qua cht kh c th gi c nhit cao ca catod n pht c eletron bng hin tng pht x nhit in t. 2. Dng in trong chn khng: - L dng chuyn ng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra t in cc. - Diot chn khng ch cho dng in i qua theo mt chiu, n gi l c tnh chnh lu.
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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- Dng electron c tng tc v i hng bng in trng v t trng v n c ng dng n hnh tia catot (CRT). II. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: Cu hi 1: Dng in trong cht kh l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc: A. electron theo chiu in trng B. ion dng theo chiu in trng v ion m ngc chiu in trng C. ion dng theo chiu in trng, ion m v electron ngc chiu in trng D. ion dng ngc chiu in trng, ion m v electron theo chiu in trng Cu hi 2: ng c trng vn ampe ca cht kh c dng: I I I I
Ibh Ibh U O U O Ub Uc U O U O

Cu hi 3: Chn mt p n sai: A. iu kin bnh thng khng kh l in mi B. Khi b t nng khng kh dn in C. Nhng tc nhn bn ngoi gy nn s ion ha cht kh gi l tc nhn ion ha D. Dng in trong cht kh tun theo nh lut m Cu hi 4: Khi ni v s ph thuc ca cng dng in trong cht kh vo hiu in th, nhn xt no sau y l sai: A. Khi tng dn hiu in th t gi tr 0 n Uc s phng in ch sy ra khi c tc nhn ion ha, l s phng in t lc. B. Khi U Ub cng dng in t gi tr bo ha d U c tng C. Khi U > Uc th cng dng in gim t ngt. D. ng c tuyn vn ampe khng phi l ng thng Cu hi 5: Chn mt p n sai: A. Trong qu trnh phng in thnh tia ch c s ion ha do va chm B. S phng in trong cht kh thng km theo s pht sng C. Trong khng kh tia la in hnh thnh khi c in trng rt mnh c 3.106V/m D. Hnh nh tia la in khng lin tc m gin on Cu hi 6: Chn mt p n sai: A. H quang in l qu trnh phng in t lc B. H quang in xy ra trong cht kh p sut cao C. H quang in sy ra trong cht kh p sut thng hoc p sut thp gia 2 in cc c hiu in th khng ln D. H quang in km theo ta nhit v ta sng rt mnh Cu hi 7: Khi ni v s ph thuc ca cng dng in vo hiu in th trong qu trnh dn in khng t lc ca cht kh p n no sau y l sai: A. Khi U nh, I tng theo U B. Khi U ln, I t gi tr bo ha C. U qu ln, th I tng nhanh theo U D. Vi mi gi tr ca U, th I tng t l thun vi U theo nh lut m
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Cu hi 8: Chn mt p n sai: A. S dn in ca cht kh l t lc nu n c th sy ra v duy tr khi t nng mnh cht kh, v duy tr tc nhn. B. S dn in ca cht kh l t lc nu n c th sy ra v duy tr khi t nng mnh cht kh, ri ngng tc nhn. C. cht kh phng in t lc khi c tc dng ca in trng mnh ion ha kh, tch phn t kh thnh ion dng v electron t do D. Trong qu trnh phng in thnh tia, ngoi s ion ha do va chm cn c s ion ha do tc dng ca bc x c trong tia la in Cu hi 9: Chn mt p n ng: A. Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion dng v m B. Dng in trong cht kh khng ph thuc vo hiu in th C. Cng dng in trong cht kh p sut thng tng ln khi hiu in th tng D. Dng in chy qua khng kh hiu in th thp khi khng kh c t nng, hoc chu tc dng ca tc nhn ion ha. Cu hi 10: Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion dng, ion m v electron t do l dng in trong mi trng: A. cht kh B. chn khng C. kim loi D. cht in phn Cu hi 11:c tuyn vn ampe ca cht kh khi c dng in C c dng I chy qua A B I nh hnh v.
bh

on no ht ti in c to ra bi tc nhn ion ha? A. OA B. AB C. BC

Ub

Uc

D. OA v AB

Cu hi 12: c tuyn vn ampe ca cht kh c dng in chy qua c dng nh hnh v cu hi 11. on no ht ti in c to ra bi ion ha do va chm: A. OA B. AB C. BC D. AB v BC Cu hi 13: c tuyn vn ampe ca cht kh khi c dng in chy qua c dng nh hnh v cu hi 11. on no c s phng in khng t lc? A. OA B. AB C. BC D. OA v AB Cu hi 14: c tuyn vn ampe ca cht kh khi c dng in chy qua c dng nh hnh v cu hi 11. on no c s phng in t lc? A. OA no Cu hi 15: Cc hin tng: tia la in, st, h quang in, hin tng no l qu trnh phng in t lc:
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

B. AB

C. BC

D. khng c on

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A. tia la in ng

B. st

C. h quang in

D. c 3 u

Cu hi 16: Cc hin tng: tia la in, st, h quang in, hin tng no sy ra do tc dng ca in trng rt mnh trn 106V/m: A. tia la in in v st B. st C. h quang in D. tia la

Cu hi 17: Cc hin tng: tia la in, st, h quang in, hin tng no c s pht x nhit electron: A. tia la in ng Cu hi 18: S phng in thnh min ca cht kh xy ra trong cc iu kin no: A. p sut cao c chc atm; hiu in th thp c chc vn in th cao c kilvn C. p sut thp di 1mmHg, hiu in th c trm vn atm; hiu in th cao c kilvn B. p sut ktc, hiu D. p sut cao c chc B. st C. h quang in D. c 3 u

Cu hi 19: Trong s phng in thnh min, nu gim p sut rt thp c 10-3mmHg th c hin tng g: A. min ti catt gim bt kh C. min ti catt chim ton b ng kh bt Cu hi 20: So snh bn cht th dng in trong cc mi trng no do cng mt loi ht ti in to nn: A. kim loi v chn khng C. chn khng v cht kh B. cht in phn v cht kh D. khng c hai mi trng nh vy D. ct sng ant gim B. Ct sng ant chim ton b ng

Cu hi 21:Chn mt p n sai khi ni v dng in trong chn khng: A. dng in trong chn khng ch i theo mt chiu t anot sang catot B. sau khi bt khi catot ca ng chn khng chu tc dng ca in trng electron chuyn ng t catot sang anot C. dng in trong chn khng l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc ion dng theo chiu in trng D. khi nhit cng cao th cng dng in bo ha cng ln Cu hi 22: S ph thuc ca cng dng in trong chn khng vo hiu in th c biu din bi Ith no sau y: I I I
Ibh

Ub

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Cu hi 23: Tia catt l chm: A. electron pht ra t anot b nung nng B. electron pht ra t catot b nung nng C. ion dng pht ra t catot b nung nng D. ion m pht ra t anot b nung nng Cu hi 24: Chn mt p n sai khi ni v tnh cht ca tia catot: A. lm pht quang mt s cht khi p vo chng C. b lch trong in t trng catot Cu hi 25: Tnh cht no sau y khng phi ca tia catot: A. tc dng ln knh nh C. ion ha khng kh B. c th m xuyn cc l kim loi mng D. khng b lch trong in t trng B. mang nng lng D. pht ra song song vi mt

Cu hi 26: Cp nhit in st constantan c h s nhit in ng = 50,4V/K v in tr trong r = 0,5 c ni vi in k G c in tr R = 19,5. t mi hn th nht vo trong khng kh nhit 270C, mi hn th 2 trong bp c nhit 3270C. Tnh hiu in th hai u in k G: A. 14,742mV B. 14,742V C. 14,742nV D. 14,742V Cu hi 27: cp nhit in ng constantan c h s nhit in ng = 41,8V/K v in tr trong r = 0,5. Ni cp nhit in ny vi in k c in tr R = 30 ri t mi hn th nht khng kh c nhit 200C, mi hn th hai trong l in c nhit 4000C. Cng dng in chy qua in k l: A. 0,52mA B. 0,52A C. 1,04mA D. 1,04A Cu hi 28: Trong cc bn dn loi no mt l trng ln hn mt electron t do: A. bn dn tinh khit B. bn dn loi p C. bn dn loi n A. bn dn tinh khit C. bn dn loi n D. hai loi bn dn loi p v bn dn loi n B. bn dn loi p D. hai loi bn dn loi p v bn dn loi n Cu hi 29: Trong cc bn dn loi no mt electron t do ln hn mt l trng:

Cu hi 30: Trong cc bn dn loi no mt electron t do v mt l trng bng nhau: A. bn dn tinh khit C. bn dn loi n
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

B. bn dn loi p D. hai loi bn dn loi p v bn dn loi n

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Cu 1 p n C Cu 11 p n D Cu 21 p n C

2 D 12 C 22 A

3 D 13 D 23 B

4 C 14 C 24 D

P N 19 5 6 7 A B D 15 16 17 D D C 25 26 27 D A A

8 A 18 C 28 B

9 D 19 C 29 C

10 A 20 A 30 A

20

DNG IN TRONG CHT BN DN

I.KIN THC Dng in trong cht bn dn: - Mt s cht phn nhm chnh nhm 4 nh Si, Ge trong nhng iu kin khc nhau c th dn in hoc khng dn in, gi l bn dn. - Bn dn dn in hng hai loi ht ti l electron v l trng. - bn dn tinh khit, mt electron bng mt l trng. bn dn loi p, mt l trng rt ln hn mt electron. bn dn loi n, mt electron rt ln hn mt l trng. - Lp tip xc n p c c im cho dng in i theo mt chiu t p sang n. y gi l c tnh chnh lu. c tnh ny c dng ch to diot bn dn. - Bn dn cn c dng ch to transistor c c tnh khuych i dng in. II. TRC NGHIM TNG HP: Cu hi 1: Chn mt p n sai khi ni v tnh cht in ca bn dn: A. in tr sut ca bn dn c gi tr trung gian gia kim loi v in mi B. in tr sut ca bn dn tinh khit gim mnh khi nhit tng C. Tnh cht in ca bn dn ph thuc rt mnh vo cc tp cht c mt trong tinh th D. in dn sut ca bn dn tinh khit gim mnh khi nhit tng Cu hi 2: Chn mt p n sai khi ni v bn dn: A. Nu bn dn c mt electron cao hn mt l trng th n l bn dn loi n B. Nu bn dn c mt l trng cao hn mt electron th n l bn dn loi p
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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C. Nu bn dn c mt l trng bng mt electron th n l bn dn tinh khit D. Dng in trong bn dn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc l trng cng hng in trng Cu hi 3: Dng in trong bn dn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ht: A. electron t do B. ion C. electron v l trng D. electron, cc ion dng v ion m Cu hi 4: Chn mt p n sai khi ni v bn dn: A. nhit thp, bn dn dn in km ging nh in mi B. nhit cao bn dn dn in kh tt ging nh kim loi C. nhit cao, trong bn dn c s pht sinh cc electron v l trng D. Dng in trong bn dn tun theo nh lut m ging kim loi Cu hi 5: Mi lin h gia in tr sut ca bn dn vo nhit c biu din bng th no sau y:
O O O O

Cu hi 6: p n no sau y l sai khi ni v lp chuyn tip p n: A. c in tr ln, v gn hu nh khng c ht ti in t do B. dn in tt theo mt chiu t p sang n C. dn in tt theo mt chiu t n sang p D. c tnh cht chnh lu Cu hi 7: Chn mt p n sai: A. Khi dng in chy qua it pht quang, lp chuyn tip p n c nh sng pht ra B. Tranzito l dng c bn dn c hai lp chuyn tip p n C. Cp nhit in bn dn c h s nhit in ng ln gp trm ln so vi cp nhit in kim loi. D. Phtit dng bin tn hiu nh sng thnh tn hiu m thanh Cu hi 8: Chn mt p n sai khi ni v in tr quang: A. l linh kin bn dn c dy vi chc micromet, trn gn hai in cc kim loi B. l linh kin p dng tnh cht in tr thay i theo cng chiu sng C. l linh kin c in tr ln v b mt rng, chiu nh sng thch hp vo th in tr ca n tng mnh D. l linh kin ng dng ph bin trong cc mch t ng ha Cu hi 9: it chnh lu bn dn: A. c lp tip xc p n ch cho dng in chy qua theo mt chiu t p sang n B. c lp tip xc p n ch cho dng in chy qua theo mt chiu t n sang p C. Ni n vi ngun in ngoi cc dng ngun ni vi n, cc m ngun ni vi p, th n cho dng qua
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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D.Ni n vi ngun in ngoi cc dng ngun ni vi p, cc m ngun vi n, th n khng cho dng qua Cu hi 10: Chn mt p n sai khi ni v cu to ca tranzito: A. Cc pht l Emit B. cc gp l Clect C. Cc gc l Baz D. Cc gc l Clect Cu hi 11: Mi quan h gia cc dng in chy trong tranzito l: A. IC = IB + IE B. IB = IC + IE C. IE = IC + IB D. IC = IB . IE Cu hi 12: Cht bn dn c cc tnh cht: A. in tr sut ln nhit thp, v gim mnh khi nhit tng, tp cht nh hng mnh n tnh cht in B. in tr sut ln nhit thp, v tng khi nhit tng, tp cht khng nh hng n tnh cht in C. in tr sut nh nhit thp, v gim mnh khi nhit tng, tp cht nh hng mnh n tnh cht in D. in tr sut nh nhit thp, v tng khi nhit tng, tp cht khng nh hng n tnh cht in Cu hi 13: L trng bn trong bn dn c cc c im no: A. mang in dng, c ln in tch e, di chuyn t nguyn t ny n nguyn t khc B. mang in dng hoc m, c ln in tch bng e, di chuyn trong khong trng gia cc phn t C. mang in dng, c ln in tch bng e, di chuyn t nguyn t ny n nguyn t khc D. mang in dng hoc m, c ln in tch bng e, di chuyn t nguyn t ny n nguyn t khc Cu hi 14: Trong cc cht bn dn loi no tn ti ng thi cc ht mang in c bn v khng c bn: A. bn dn tinh khit B. bn dn loi n C. bn dn loi p D. hai loi bn dn loi n v p Cu hi 15: S dn in ring sy ra trong loi bn dn no: A. bn dn tinh khit B. bn dn loi n C. bn dn loi p D. c 3 loi bn dn trn Cu hi 16: S dn in ring do cc loi ht mang in no gy ra: A. electron t do B. l trng C. ht ti in khng c bn D. electron t do v l trng Cu hi 17: K hiu ca tranzito p n p nh hnh v. Ch tn theo th t cc cc 2 3 pht gp gc:
1

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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A. 1 2 3 B. 2 1 3 C. 2 3 1 D. 3 1 2 Cu hi 18: Dng in ngc qua lp tip xc p n c to ra khi : A. in trng ngoi t vo cng chiu vi in trng trong ca I B lp tip xc p n B. Ni bn dn p vi cc m, bn dn n vi cc dng ca ngun in O bn ngoi A C. ch c dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ht mang in khng c bn qua lp tip xc p n D. A v B

Cu hi 19: Cho c tuyn vn - ampe ca lp tip xc p n nh hnh v. on OA c cc hin tng: A. phn cc ngc, to ra, C. phn cc thun. B. dng in ch yu do ht mang in c bn D. A v B

Cu hi 20: Cho c tuyn vn - ampe ca lp tip xc p n nh hnh v cu 19. on OB c cc hin tng: A. phn cc ngc, to ra, C. phn cc thun. B. dng in ch yu do ht mang in c bn D. B v C

Cu hi 21: cc trng hp no l trng c to ra: A. electron ha tr gii phng khi lin kt gia cc nguyn t bn dn B. nguyn t tp cht ha tr 5 mt 1 electron cho mi lin kt gia cc nguyn t bn dn C. nguyn t tp cht ha tr 3 nhn thm 1 electron t mi lin kt gia cc nguyn t bn dn D. A v C Cu hi 22: cc trng hp no electron dn c to ra: A. electron ha tr gii phng khi lin kt gia cc nguyn t bn dn B. nguyn t tp cht ha tr 5 mt 1 electron cho mi lin kt gia cc nguyn t bn dn C. nguyn t tp cht ha tr 3 nhn thm 1 electron t mi lin kt gia cc nguyn t bn dn D. A v B Cu hi 23: Dng in thun qua lp tip xc p n khi: A. in trng ngoi t vo cng chiu vi in trng trong ca lp tip xc p n B. Ni bn dn p vi cc dng, bn dn n vi cc m ca ngun in bn ngoi
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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C. ch c dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ht mang in c bn qua lp tip xc p n D. B v C 2 3 Cu hi 24: Cho tranzito c dng nh hnh v. Cc no to bi mt 1lp bn dn b dy rt nh c vi m c mt ht ti in nh: A. cc 1 B. cc 2 C. cc 3 D. khng cc no c Cu hi 25: Cho tranzito c dng nh hnh v cu hi 24. Gia cc cc no ngi ta to phn cc thun: A. 1 2 B. 2 3 C. 3 1 D. 2 1 Cu hi 26: Cho tranzito c dng nh hnh v cu hi 24. Gia cc cc no ngi ta to phn cc ngc: A. 1 2 B. 2 3 C. 3 1 D. 1 3 C. bn dn loi p hoc loi n D. Cu hi 27: Khi pha tp cht ha tr 5 vo bn dn ha tr 4 ta c bn dn: A. bn dn loi p bn dn tinh khit A. bn dn loi p bn dn tinh khit
A E B C C B

B. bn dn loi n

Cu hi 28: Khi pha tp cht ha tr 3 vo bn dn ha tr 4 ta c bn dn: B. bn dn loi n C. bn dn loi p hoc loi n D.

Cu hi 29: K hiu tranzito p n p biu din bng hnh no di y:

B E C B C E E B D C

Cu hi 30: K hiu tranzito n p n biu din bng hnh no di y:

A E B C C B B E C B C E E B D C

Cu p n Cu p n

1 D 11 C

2 D 12 A

3 C 13 C

P N S 20 4 5 6 7 D D C D 14 15 16 17 D D C C

8 C 18 D

9 A 19 A

10 D 20 D

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Cu 21 p n D

22 D

23 B

24 A

25 D

26 D

27 B

28 A

29 C

30 B

21

N TP: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

I. H THNG KIN THC TRONG CHNG: 1 Dng in trong kim loi: - Bn cht dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron ngc chiu in trng. - in tr sut ca kim loi ph thuc vo nhit : = 0[1 + (t t0)]. : h s nhit in tr (K-1). 0 : in tr sut ca vt liu ti nhit t0. - Sut in ng ca cp nhit in: E = T(T1 T2). Trong T1 T2 l hiu nhit gia u nng v u lnh; T l h s nhit in ng. - Hin tng siu dn: L hin tng in tr sut ca vt liu gim t ngt xung bng 0 khi khi nhit ca vt liu gim xung thp hn mt gi tr Tc nht nh. Gi tr ny ph thuc vo bn thn vt liu. 2.Dng in trong cht in phn: Trong dung dch, cc axit, ba z, mui b phn li thnh ion. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion trong in trng theo hai hng ngc nhau. Hin tng gc axit trong dung dch in phn tc dng vi cc dng to thnh cht in phn tan trong dung dch v cc dng b mn i gi l hin tng dng cc tan. Ni dung cc nh lut Faraday: + nh lut 1: Khi lng cht c gii phng in cc ca bnh in phn t l thun vi in lng chy qua bnh . m = kq + nh lut 2: ng lng ha hc ca nguyn t t l vi ng lng gam A ca nguyn t . H s t l l 1 , trong F gi l s Faraday.
n F
k= 1 A F n

Biu thc kt hp ni dung hai nh lut:

m= 1 A It F n

3. Dng in trong cht kh:

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Trong iu kin thng th cht kh khng dn in. Cht kh ch dn in khi trong lng n c s ion ha cc phn t. Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion dng, ion m v cc electron do cht kh b ion ha sinh ra. Khi dng ngun in gy hiu in th ln th xut hin hin tng nhn ht ti in trong lng cht kh. Qu trnh phng in vn tip tc c quy tr khi khng cn tc nhn ion ha cht kh t bn ngoi gi l qu trnh phng in t lc. H quang in l qu trnh phng in t lc hnh thnh dng in qua cht kh c th gi c nhit cao ca catod n pht c eletron bng hin tng pht x nhit in t. 4. Dng in trong chn khng: L dng chuyn ng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra t in cc. Diot chn khng ch cho dng in i qua theo mt chiu, n gi l c tnh chnh lu. Dng electron c tng tc v i hng bng in trng v t trng v n c ng dng n hnh tia catot (CRT). 5. Dng in trong cht bn dn: Mt s cht phn nhm chnh nhm 4 nh Si, Ge trong nhng iu kin khc nhau c th dn in hoc khng dn in, gi l bn dn. Bn dn dn in hng hai loi ht ti l electron v l trng. bn dn tinh khit, mt electron bng mt l trng. bn dn loi p, mt l trng rt ln hn mt electron. bn dn loi n, mt electron rt ln hn mt l trng. Lp tip xc n p c c im cho dng in i theo mt chiu t p sang n. y gi l c tnh chnh lu. c tnh ny c dng ch to diot bn dn. Bn dn cn c dng ch to transistor c c tnh khuych i dng in. II. Cu hi v bi tp: 17. Dng in trong kim loi 3.1 Khi nhit ca dy kim loi tng, in tr ca n s A. Gim i. B. Khng thay i. C. Tng ln. D. Ban u tng ln theo nhit nhng sau li gim dn. 3.2 Nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng to nhit trong dy dn khi c dng in chy qua l: A. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion(+) khi va chm. B. Do nng lng dao ng ca ion (+) truyn cho eclectron khi va chm.
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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C. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion (-) khi va chm. D. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron, ion (-) truyn cho ion (+) khi va chm. 3.3 Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca kim loi l: A. Do s va chm ca cc electron vi cc ion (+) cc nt mng. B. Do s va chm ca cc ion (+) cc nt mng vi nhau. C. Do s va chm ca cc electron vi nhau. D. C B v C ng. 3.4 Khi nhit tng th in tr sut ca thanh kim loi cng tng do: A. Chuyn ng v nhit ca cc electron tng ln. B. Chuyn ng nh hng ca cc electron tng ln. C. Bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng tng ln. D. Bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng gim i. 3.5 Mt si dy ng c in tr 74 500 C, c in tr sut = 4,1.10-3K-1. in tr ca si dy 1000 C l: A. 86,6 B. 89,2 C. 95 D. 82 3.6 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Ht ti in trong kim loi l electron. B. Dng in trong kim loi tun theo nh lut m nu nhit trong kim loi c gi khng i C. Ht ti in trong kim loi l in dng v in m. D. Dng in chy qua dy dn kim loi gy ra tc dng nhit. 3.7 Mt si dy bng nhm c in tr 120 nhit 200C, in tr ca si dy 1790C l 204. in tr sut ca nhm l: A. 4,8.10-3K-1 B. 4,4.10-3K-1 C. 4,3.10-3K-1 D. 4,1.10-3K-1 3.8 Pht biu no sau y l ng? Khi cho hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau tip xc vi nhau th: A. C s khuch tn electron t cht c nhiu electron hn sang cht c t electron hn. B. C s khuch tn in t kim loi ny sang kim loi kia. C. C s khuch tn eletron t kim loi c mt electron ln sang kim loi c mt electron nh hn. D. Khng c hin tng g xy ra. 3.9 xc nh c s bin i ca in tr theo nhit ta cn cc dng c: A. m k v ng h o thi gian.
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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B. Vn k, ampe k, cp nhit . C. Vn k, cp nhit , ng h o thi gian. D. Vn k, ampe k, ng h o thi gian. 18. Hin tng siu dn 3.10 Hai thanh kim loi c ni vi nhau bi hai u mi hn to thnh mt mch kn, hin tng nhit in ch xy ra khi: A. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn bng nhau. B. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn khc nhau. C. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht ging nhau v nhit hai u mi hn bng nhau. D. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht ging nhau v nhit hai u mi hn khc nhau. 3.11 Sut in ng nhit in ph thuc vo: A. Hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn. B. H s n di v nhit . C. Khong cch gia hai mi hn. D. in tr ca cc mi hn. 3.12 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cp nhit in gm hai dy dn in c bn cht khc nhau hn ni vi nhau thnh mt mch kn v hai mi hn ca n c gi hai nhit khc nhau. B. Nguyn nhn gy ra sut in ng nhit in l do chuyn ng nhit ca cc ht ti in trong mch in c nhit khng ng nht. C. Sut in ng nhit in E t l nghch vi hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in. D. Sut in ng nhit in E xp x t l vi hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in. 3.13 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. i vi vt liu siu dn, c dng in chy trong mch ta lun phi duy tr mt hiu in th trong mch. B. in tr ca vt siu dn bng khng. C. i vi vt liu siu dn, c kh nng t duy tr dng in trong mch sau khi ngt b ngun in. D. i vi vt liu siu dn, nng lng hao ph do to nhit bng khng.
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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3.14 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s T = 65 (V/K) c t trong khng kh 200C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit 2320C. Sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l A. E = 13,00mV. B. E = 13,58mV. C. E = 13,98mV. D. E = 13,78mV. 3.15 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s T = 48 (V/K) c t trong khng kh 200C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit t0C, sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l E = 6 (mV). Nhit ca mi hn cn l: A. 1250C. B. 3980K. C. 1450C. D. 4180K. 3.16 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s T c t trong khng kh 200C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit 5000C, sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l E = 6 (mV). H s T khi l: A. 1,25.10-4 (V/K) B. 12,5 (V/K) C. 1,25 (V/K) D. 1,25(mV/K) 19. Dng in trong cht in phn. nh lut Fa-ra-y 3.17 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in m, electron i v ant v in dng i v catt. B. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc electron i v ant v cc in dng i v catt. C. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in m i v ant v cc in dng i v catt. D. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc electron i v t catt v ant, khi catt b nung nng. 3.20 Mt bnh in phn dung dch CuSO4 c ant lm bng ng, in tr ca bnh in phn R = 8 (), c mc vo hai cc ca b ngun E = 9 (V), in tr trong r =1 (). Khi lng Cu bm vo catt trong thi gian 5 h c gi tr l: A. 5 (g). B. 10,5 (g). C. 5,97 (g). D. 11,94 (g). 3.21 t mt hiu in th U khng i vo hai cc ca bnh in phn. Xt trong cng mt khong thi gian, nu ko hai cc ca bnh ra xa sao cho khong cch gia chng tng gp 2 ln th khi lng cht c gii phng in cc so vi lc trc s: A. tng ln 2 ln. B. gim i 2 ln. C. tng ln 4 ln. D. gim i 4 ln. 3.22. dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng l do: A. Chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t tng v kh nng phn li thnh in tng. B. nht ca dung dch gim lm cho cc in chuyn ng c d dng hn. C. S va chm ca cc in trong dung dch gim. D. C A v B ng.
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3.23 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Khi ho tan axit, baz hc mui vo trong nc, tt c cc phn t ca chng u b phn li thnh cc in. B. S cp in c to thnh trong dung dch in phn khng thay i theo nhit . C. Bt k bnh in phn no cng c sut phn in. D. Khi c hin tng cc dng tan, dng in trong cht in phn tun theo nh lut m. 3.24 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng khi ni v cch m mt huy chng bc? A. Dng mui AgNO3. B. t huy chng gia ant v catt. C. Dng ant bng bc. D. Dng huy chng lm catt. 20. Bi tp v dng in trong kim loi v cht in phn 3.25 Cho dng in chy qua bnh in phn ng dung dch mui ca niken, c ant lm bng niken, bit nguyn t khi v ha tr ca niken ln lt bng 58,71 v 2. Trong thi gian 1h dng in 10A sn ra mt khi lng niken bng: B. 10,95 (g). C. 12,35 (g). D. 15,27 (g). A. 8.10-3kg 3.26 Cho dng in chy qua bnh in phn cha dung dch CuSO4, c ant bng Cu. Bit rng ng lng ha ca ng k = 1 . A = 3,3.10 7 kg/C. trn catt xut
F n

hin 0,33 kg ng, th in tch chuyn qua bnh phi bng: A. 105 (C). B. 106 (C). C. 5.106 (C). D. 107 (C). 3.27** t mt hiu in th U = 50 (V) vo hai cc bnh in phn in phn mt dung dch mui n trong nc, ngi ta thu c kh hir vo mt bnh c th tch V = 1 (lt), p sut ca kh hir trong bnh bng p = 1,3 (at) v nhit ca kh hir l t = 270C. Cng ca dng in khi in phn l: A. 50,9.105 J B. 0,509 MJ C. 10,18.105 J D. 1018 kJ 3.28 gii phng lng clo v hir t 7,6g axit clohiric bng dng in 5A, th phi cn thi gian in phn l bao lu? Bit rng ng lng in ha ca hir v clo ln lt l: k1 = 0,1045.10-7kg/C v k2 = 3,67.10-7kg/C A. 1,5 h B. 1,3 h C. 1,1 h D. 1,0 h 3.29 Chiu dy ca lp Niken ph ln mt tm kim loi l d = 0,05(mm) sau khi in phn trong 30 pht. Din tch mt ph ca tm kim loi l 30cm2. Cho bit Niken c khi lng ring l = 8,9.103 kg/m3, nguyn t khi A = 58 v ho tr n = 2. Cng dng in qua bnh in phn l: A. I = 2,5 (A). B. I = 2,5 (mA). C. I = 250 (A). D. I = 2,5 (A).
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3.30 Mt ngun gm 30 pin mc thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi nhm c 10 pin mc song song, mi pin c sut in ng 0,9 (V) v in tr trong 0,6 (). Bnh in phn dung dch CuSO4 c in tr 205 mc vo hai cc ca b ngun. Trong thi gian 50 pht khi lng ng Cu bm vo catt l: A. 0,013 g B. 0,13 g C. 1,3 g D. 13 g 3.31 Khi hiu in th gia hai cc bng n l U1 = 20mV th cng dng in chy qua n l I1 = 8mA, nhit dy tc bng n l t1 = 250 C. Khi sng bnh thng, hiu in th gia hai cc bng n l U2 = 240V th cng dng in chy qua n l I2 = 8A. Bit h s nhit in tr = 4,2.10-3 K-1. Nhit t2 ca dy tc n khi sng bnh thng l: A. 2600 (0C) B. 3649 (0C) C. 2644 (0K) D. 2917 (0C) 3.32 Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch bc nitrat vi ant bng bc. in tr ca bnh in phn l R= 2 (). Hiu in th t vo hai cc l U= 10 (V). Cho A= 108 v n=1. Khi lng bc bm vo cc m sau 2 gi l: A. 40,3g B. 40,3 kg C. 8,04 g D. 8,04.10-2 kg 3.33* Khi in phn dung dch mui n trong nc, ngi ta thu c kh hir ti catt. Kh thu c c th tch V= 1 (lt) nhit t = 27 (0C), p sut p = 1 (atm). in lng chuyn qua bnh in phn l: A. 6420 (C). B. 4010 (C). C. 8020 (C). D. 7842 (C). 21. Dng in trong chn khng 3.34 Cu no di y ni v chn khng vt l l khng ng? A. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong khng c bt k phn t kh no. B. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong cc ht chuyn ng khng b va chm vi cc ht khc. C. C th coi bn trong mt bnh l chn khng nu p sut trong bnh di khong 0,0001mmHg. D. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng khng cha sn cc ht ti in nn bnh thng n khng dn in. 3.35 Bn cht ca dng in trong chn khng l A. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc in dng cng chiu in trng v ca cc in m ngc chiu in trng B. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc electron ngc chiu in trng C. Dng chuyn di c hng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra khi catt khi b nung nng D. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc in dng cng chiu in trng, ca cc in m v electron ngc chiu in trng
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3.36 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Tia catt c kh nng m xuyn qua cc l kim loi mng. B. Tia catt khng b lch trong in trng v t trng. C. Tia catt c mang nng lng. D. Tia catt pht ra vung gc vi mt catt. 3.37 Cng dng in bo ho trong chn khng tng khi nhit catt tng l do: A. S ht ti in do b in ho tng ln. B. Sc cn ca mi trng ln cc ht ti in gim i. C. S electron bt ra khi catt nhiu hn. D. S eletron bt ra khi catt trong mt giy tng ln. 3.38 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Dng in trong chn khng tun theo nh lut m. B. Khi hiu in th t vo it chn khng tng th cng dng in tng. C. Dng in trong it chn khng ch theo mt chiu t ant n catt. D. Qu o ca electron trong tia catt khng phi l mt ng thng. 3.39 Cng dng in bo ho trong it chn khng bng 1mA, trong thi gian 1s s electron bt ra khi mt catt l: B. 6,1.1015 electron. A. 6,6.1015 electron. C. 6,25.1015 electron. D. 6.0.1015 electron. 3.40 Trong cc ng c tuyn vn-ampe sau, ng no l ca dng in trong chn khng?
I(A) I(A) I(A) I(A)

O A

U(V)

O B

U(V)

O C

U(V)

O D

U(V)

3.41 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cht kh trong ng phng in t c p sut thp hn p sut bn ngoi kh quyn mt cht. B. Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca ng phng in t phi rt ln, c hng nghn vn. C. ng phng in t c ng dng trong Tivi, mt trc ca ng l mn hunh quang c ph cht hunh quang.
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D. Trong ng phng in t c cc cp bn cc ging nh ca t in li tia in t to thnh hnh nh trn mn hunh quang. 22. Dng in trong cht kh 3.42 Bn cht dng in trong cht kh l: A. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m, electron ngc chiu in trng. B. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m ngc chiu in trng. C. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc electron ngc chiu in trng. D. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo ngc chiu in trng. 3.43 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Ht ti in trong cht kh ch c cc cc in dng v ion m. B. Dng in trong cht kh tun theo nh lut m. C. Ht ti in c bn trong cht kh l electron, in dng v in m. D. Cng dng in trong cht kh p sut bnh thng t l thun vi hiu in th. 3.44 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Dng in trong kim loi cng nh trong chn khng v trong cht kh u l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron, ion dng v ion m. B. Dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong chn khng v trong cht kh u l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc in dng v in m. C. Dng in trong kim loi v trong chn khng u l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron, ca cc in dng v in m. D. Dng in trong kim loi v dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc in dng v in m. 3.45 Hin tng h quang in c ng dng A. trong k thut hn in. B. trong k thut m in. C. trong it bn dn. D. trong ng phng in t. 3.46 Cch to ra tia la in l A. Nung nng khng kh gia hai u t in c tch in. B. t vo hai u ca hai thanh than mt hiu in th khong 40 n 50V. C. To mt in trng rt ln khong 3.106 V/m trong chn khng.
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D. To mt in trng rt ln khong 3.106 V/m trong khng kh. 3.47 Khi to ra h quang in, ban u ta cn phi cho hai u thanh than chm vo nhau A. To ra cng in trng rt ln. B. Tng tnh dn in ch tip xc ca hai thanh than. C. Lm gim in tr ch tip xc ca hai thanh than i rt nh. D. Lm tng nhit ch tip xc ca hai thanh than ln rt ln. 3.48 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Hiu in th gy ra st ch c th ln ti hng triu vn. B. Hin tng h quang in ch xy ra khi hiu in th t vo cc cp cc ca thanh than khong 104V. C. Cng dng in trong cht kh lun lun tun theo nh lut m. D. Tia catt l dng chuyn ng ca cc electron bt ra t catt. 3.49 i vi dng in trong chn khng, khi catt b nung nng ng thi hiu in th gia hai u ant v catt ca bng 0 th A. Gia ant v catt khng c cc ht ti in. B. C cc ht ti in l electron, in dng v in m. C. Cng dng in chy chy mch bng 0. D. Cng dng in chy chy mch khc 0. 23. Dng in trong bn dn 3.50 Pht biu no sau y v c im ca cht bn dn l khng ng? A. in tr sut ca cht bn dn ln hn so vi kim loi nhng nh hn so vi cht in mi. B. in tr sut ca cht bn dn gim mnh khi nhit tng. C. in tr sut ph thuc rt mnh vo hiu in th. D. Tnh cht in ca bn dn ph thuc nhiu vo cc tp cht c mt trong tinh th. 3.51 Bn cht ca dng in trong cht bn dn l: A. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron v l trng ngc chiu in trng. B. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron v l trng cng chiu in trng. C. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo chiu in trng v cc l trng ngc chiu in trng. D. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc l trng theo chiu in trng v cc electron ngc chiu in trng.
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3.52 nhit phng, trong bn dn Si tinh khit c s cp in t l trng bng 10-13 ln s nguyn t Si. S ht mang in c trong 2 mol nguyn t Si l: B. 24,08.1010 ht. C. 6,020.1010 ht. D. 4,816.1011 ht. A. 1,205.1011 ht. 3.53 Cu no di y ni v phn loi cht bn dn l khng ng? A. Bn dn hon ton tinh khit l bn dn trong mt electron bng mt l trng. B. Bn dn tp cht l bn dn trong cc ht ti in ch yu c to bi cc nguyn t tp cht. C. Bn dn loi n l bn dn trong mt l trng ln hn rt nhiu mt electron. D. Bn dn loi p l bn dn trong mt electron t do nh hn rt nhiu mt l trng. 3.54 Chn cu ng? A. Electron t do v l trng u chuyn ng ngc chiu in trng. B. Electron t do v l trng u mang in tch m. C. Mt cc ht ti in ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc yu t bn ngoi nh nhit , mc chiu sng. D. linh ng ca cc ht ti in hu nh khng thay i khi nhit tng. 3.55 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cu to ca it bn dn gm mt lp tip xc p-n. B. Dng electron chuyn qua lp tip xc p-n ch yu theo chiu t p sang n. C. Tia ca tt mt thng khng nhn thy c. D. dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng. 3.56 iu kin c dng in l: A. Ch cn vt dn in ni lin vi nhau thnh mch in kn. B. Ch cn duy tr mt hiu in th gia hai u vt dn. C. Ch cn c hiu in th. D. Ch cn c ngun in. 3.57 Hiu in th ca lp tip xc p-n c tc dng: A. Tng cng s khuch tn ca cc ht c bn. B. Tng cng s khuch tn cc l trng t bn dn p sang bn dn n. C. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p. D. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n. 3.58 Khi lp tip xc p-n c phn cc thun, in trng ngoi c tc dng: A. Tng cng s khuch tn ca cc khng ht c bn. B. Tng cng s khuch tn cc l trng t bn dn n sang bn dn p.
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C. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p. D. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n. 3.59 Chn pht biu ng. A. Cht bn dn loi n nhim in m do s ht electron t do nhiu hn cc l trng. B. Khi nhit cng cao th cht bn dn nhim in cng ln. C. Khi mc phn cc ngc vo lp tip xc p-n th in trng ngoi c tc dng tng cng s khuch tn ca cc ht c bn. D. Dng in thun qua lp tip xc p - n l dng khuch tn ca cc ht c bn. 24. Linh kin bn dn 3.60 it bn dn c cu to gm: A. mt lp tip xc p n. B. hai lp tip xc p n. C. ba lp tip xc p n. D. bn lp tip xc p n. 3.61 it bn dn c tc dng: A. chnh lu. B. khuch i. C. cho dng in i theo hai chiu. D. cho dng in i theo mt chiu t catt sang ant. 3.62 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in xoay chiu thnh dng in mt chiu. B. it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in mt chiu thnh dng in xoay chiu. C. it bn dn c kh nng pht quang khi c dng in i qua. D. it bn dn c kh nng n nh hiu in th gia hai u it khi b phn cc ngc 3.63 Tranzito bn dn c cu to gm: A. mt lp tip xc p n. B. hai lp tip xc p n. C. ba lp tip xc p n. D. bn lp tip xc p n. 3.64 Tranzito bn dn c tc dng: A. chnh lu. B. khuch i. C. cho dng in i theo hai chiu. D. cho dng in i theo mt chiu t catt sang ant.

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25. Thc hnh: Kho st c tnh chnh lu ca i t bn dn v c tnh khuch i ca Tranzito 3.65 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in I qua it, v mt vn k o hiu in th UAK gia hai cc A(ant) v K(catt) ca it. Kt qu no sau y l khng ng? A. UAK = 0 th I = 0. B. UAK > 0 th I = 0. C. UAK < 0 th I = 0. D. UAK > 0 th I > 0. 3.66 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in I qua it, v mt vn k o hiu in th UAK gia hai cc A(ant) v K(catt) ca it. Kt qu no sau y l khng ng? A. UAK = 0 th I = 0. B. UAK > 0 v tng th I > 0 v cng tng. C. UAK > 0 v gim th I > 0 v cng gim. D. UAK < 0 v gim th I < 0 v cng gim. 3.67 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in IB qua cc baz, v mt ampe k o cng dng in IC qua clect ca tranzto. Kt qu no sau y l khng ng? A. IB tng th IC tng. B. IB tng th IC gim. D. IB rt nh th IC cng nh. C. IB gim th IC gim. 3.68 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in IB qua cc baz, v mt vn k o hiu in th UCE gia clect v emint ca tranzto mc E chung. Kt qu no sau y l khng ng? A. IB tng th UCE tng. B. IB tng th UCE gim. C. IB gim th UCE tng. D. IB t bo ho th UCE bng khng. III. HNG DN GII V TR LI 17. Dng in trong kim loi 3.1 Chn: C Hng dn: in t ca dy kim loi ph thuc vo nhit Rt = R0(1+ t), vi h s nhit in tr > 0 nn khi nhit tng th in tr ca dy kim loi tng. 3.2 Chn: A Hng dn: Nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng to nhit trong dy dn khi c dng in chy qua l do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion(+) khi va chm. 3.3 Chn: A Hng dn: Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca kim loi l do s va chm ca cc electron vi cc ion (+) cc nt mng.
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3.4 Chn: C Hng dn: Khi nhit tng th in tr sut ca thanh kim loi cng tng do bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng tng ln. 3.5 Chn: A Hng dn: p dng cng thc Rt = R0(1+ t), ta suy ra
R 2 = R1 1 + t 2 1 + t 1 R 1 1 + t 1 = R 2 1 + t 2

= 86,6 ().

3.6 Chn: C Hng dn: Ht ti in trong kim loi l electron. Ht ti in trong cht in phn l ion dng v ion m. 3.7 Chn: A Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 3.5 suy ra
= R 2 R1 R 1t 2 + R 2 t1

= 4,827.10-3K-1.

3.8 Chn: C Hng dn: Khi cho hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau tip xc vi nhau th c s khuch tn eletron t kim loi c mt electron ln sang kim loi c mt electron nh hn. 3.9 Chn: B Hng dn: xc nh c s bin i ca in tr theo nhit ta cn cc dng c: vn k, ampe k, cp nhit . 18. Hin tng siu dn 3.10 Chn: B Hng dn: Hai thanh kim loi c ni vi nhau bi hai u mi hn to thnh mt mch kn, hin tng nhit in ch xy ra khi hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn khc nhau. 3.11 Chn: A Hng dn: Sut in ng nhit in ph thuc vo: Hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn. 3.12 Chn: C Hng dn: Sut in ng nhit in E xp x t l vi hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in. 3.13 Chn: A Hng dn: i vi vt liu siu dn, c dng in chy trong mch ta khng phi duy tr mt hiu in th trong mch. 3.14 Chn: D Hng dn: p dng cng thc E = T(T2 T1) = 13,78.10-3 V = 13,78mV.
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3.15 Chn: C Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 3.14 3.16 Chn: B Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 3.14 19. Dng in trong cht in phn. nh lut Fa-ra-y 3.17 Chn: C Hng dn: Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in m i v ant v cc in dng i v catt. 3.18 Chn: C Hng dn: Cng thc ca nh lut Fara-y l 3.19 Chn: B Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut Fara-y l 108, n = 1, t = 965 (s), F = 96500 (g/mol.C) 3.20 Chn: C Hng dn: - Cng dng in trong mch l
I= E = R+r
m= 1A I.t F n

m=

1A I.t Fn

vi I = 1 (A), A =

1 (A).
1A I.t Fn

- p dng cng thc nh lut Fara-y l

m=

vi I = 1 (A), A = 64, n = 2, t

= 18000 (s), F = 96500(g/mol.C) 3.21 Chn: B Hng dn: t mt hiu in th U khng i vo hai cc ca bnh in phn. in tr ca bnh in phn c tnh theo cng thc: R = l , nu ko hai cc ca
S

bnh ra xa sao cho khong cch gia chng tng gp 2 ln th in tr ca bnh in phn tng ln 2 ln. Cng dng in qua bnh in phn gim 2 ln. Xt trong cng mt khong thi gian, khi lng cht c gii phng in cc so vi lc trc s gim i 2 ln. 3.22 Chn: A Hng dn: dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng l do chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t tng v kh nng phn li thnh in tng. 3.23 Chn: D Hng dn: - Khi c hin tng cc dng tan, dng in trong cht in phn tun theo nh lut m.
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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- Khi ho tan axit, baz hc mui vo trong nc, ch khi nng ca dung dch in phn cha bo ho th tt c cc phn t ca chng u b phn li thnh cc in. - Ch khi dung dch in phn cha bo ho th s cp in c to thnh trong dung dch in phn khng thay i theo nhit . - Bnh in phn c sut phn in l nhng bnh in phn khng xy ra hin tng dng cc tan. 3.24 Chn: B Hng dn: Mun m mt huy chng bc ngi ta phi dng dung dch mui AgNO3, ant lm bng bc, huy chng lm catt. 20. Bi tp v dng in trong kim loi v cht in phn 3.25 Chn: B Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 3.19 3.26 Chn: B Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut Fara-y l c q = 106(C). 3.27** Chn: B Hng dn:
m= 1A I.t = k.q Fn

t tnh

- p dng phng trnh Clapyron Menlep cho kh l tng: pV =

m RT ,

trong p = 1,3 (at) = 1,3. 1,013.105 (Pa), V = 1 (lt) = 10-3 (m3), = 2 (g/mol), R = 8,31 (J/mol.K), T = 3000K. - p dng cng thc nh lut lut Fara-y:
m= 1A 1A I.t = .q Fn Fn

vi A = 1, n = 1

- p dng cng thc tnh cng A = qU. T cc cng thc trn ta tnh c A = 0,509 (MJ) 3.28 Chn: C Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut lut Fara-y:
m= 1A I.t = (k 1 + k 2 ).I.t Fn

3.29 Chn: D Hng dn: Khi lng Ni gii phng ra in cc c tnh theo cng thc: m = dS = 1 A I.t t ta tnh c I (lu phi i n v ca cc i lng)
Fn

3.30 Chn: A Hng dn:

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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- B ngun in gm 30 pin mc thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi nhm c 10 pin mc song song, mi pin c sut in ng 0,9 (V) v in tr trong 0,6 (). Sut in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun l E = 2,7 (V), r = 0,18 (). - Bnh in phn dung dch CuSO4 c in tr R = 205 mc vo hai cc ca b ngun. Cng dng in chy qua bnh in phn l I = E = 0,0132 (A).
R+r

- Trong thi gian 50 pht khi lng ng Cu bm vo catt l (g). 3.31 Chn: B Hng dn: - in tr ca dy tc bng n khi nhit l t1 = 250 C l R1 = - in tr ca dy tc bng n khi nhit l t2 l R2 =
U2 I2

m=

1A I.t = F n

0,013

U1 I1

= 2,5 ().

= 30 ().

- S ph thuc in tr ca vt dn vo nhit R1 = R0(1+ t1) v R2 = R0(1+ t2) suy ra t2 = R 2 R 1 + R 2 ..t1 = 36490C

.R 1

3.32 Chn: A Hng dn: - Cng dng in trong mch l I = U/R = 5 (A). - Trong thi gian 2 (h) khi lng ng Ag bm vo catt l 3.33 Chn: D Hng dn: - p dng phng trnh Clapyron Menlep cho kh l tng: pV =
m RT ,

m=

1A I.t = Fn

40,3 (g).

trong p = 1 (atm) = 1,013.105 (Pa), V = 1 (lt) = 10-3 (m3), = 2 (g/mol), R = 8,31 (J/mol.K), T = 3000K. - p dng cng thc nh lut lut Fara-y: T tnh c q = 7842 (C) 21. Dng in trong chn khng 3.34 Chn: D Hng dn: C th ni: - Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong khng c bt k phn t kh no - Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong cc ht chuyn ng khng b va chm vi cc ht khc
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

m=

1A 1A .q I.t = Fn Fn

vi A = 1, n = 1

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- C th coi bn trong mt bnh l chn khng nu p sut trong bnh di khong 0,0001mmHg 3.35 Chn: C Hng dn: Bn cht ca dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn di c hng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra khi catt khi catt b nung nng. 3.36 Chn: B Hng dn: Tia catt b lch trong in trng v t trng. 3.37 Chn: D Hng dn: Cng dng in bo ho trong chn khng tng khi nhit ca catt tng l do s eletron bt ra khi catt trong mt giy tng ln. 3.38 Chn: C Hng dn: Dng in trong it chn khng ch theo mt chiu t ant n catt. 3.39 Chn: C Hng dn: Khi dng in trong it chn khng t gi tr bo ho th c bao nhiu lectron bt ra khi catt s chuyn ht v ant. S lectron i t catt v ant trong 1 giy l N = I bh .t = 6,25.1015.
e

3.40 Chn: B Hng dn: Xem hnh dng ng c trng Vn Ampe ca dng in trong chn khng trong SGK. 3.41 Chn: A Hng dn: p sut kh trong ng phng in t rt nh, c th coi l chn khng. Nn pht biu Cht kh trong ng phng in t c p sut thp hn p sut bn ngoi kh quyn mt cht l khng ng. 22. Dng in trong cht kh 3.42 Chn: A Hng dn: - Bn cht dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m, electron ngc chiu in trng. - Bn cht dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m ngc chiu in trng. - Bn cht dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo ngc chiu in trng. 3.43 Chn: C Hng dn: Ht ti in c bn trong cht kh l electron, in dng v in m.
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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3.44 Chn: C Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 3.42 3.45 Chn: A Hng dn: K thut hn kim loi thng c hn bng h quang in. 3.46 Chn: D Hng dn:Cch to ra tia la in l to mt in trng rt ln khong 3.106 V/m trong khng kh. 3.47 Chn: D Hng dn: Khi chp hai thi than vi nhau, nhit ch tip xc rt ln to ra cc ht ti in trong vng khng kh xung quanh hai u thi than. 3.48 Chn: D Hng dn: Tia catt l dng chuyn ng ca cc electron bt ra t catt. 3.49 Chn: C Hng dn: Khi UAK = 0 th cng dng in trong chn khng l I = 0. 23. Dng in trong bn dn 3.50 Chn: C Hng dn: - in tr sut ca cht bn dn ln hn so vi kim loi nhng nh hn so vi cht in mi. - in tr sut ca cht bn dn gim mnh khi nhit tng. - Tnh cht in ca bn dn ph thuc nhiu vo cc tp cht c mt trong tinh th. 3.51 Chn: D Hng dn: Bn cht ca dng in trong cht bn dn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc l trng theo chiu in trng v cc electron ngc chiu in trng. 3.52 Chn: A Hng dn: S ht mang in c trong 2 mol nguyn t Si l N = 2.NA.10-13 = 1,205.1011 ht. 3.53 Chn: C Hng dn: Bn dn loi n l bn dn trong mt l trng nh hn rt nhiu mt electron. 3.54 Chn: C Hng dn: Mt cc ht ti in ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc yu t bn ngoi nh nhit , mc chiu sng. 3.55 Chn: B
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Hng dn: Dng electron chuyn qua lp tip xc p-n ch yu theo chiu t n sang p, cn l trng ch yu i t p sang n. 3.56 Chn: B Hng dn: iu kin c dng in l cn duy tr mt hiu in th gia hai u vt dn. 3.57 Chn: D Hng dn: Hiu in th ca lp tip xc p-n c tc dng tng cng s khuch tn ca cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n, tng cng s khuch tn ca l trng t n sang p. 3.58 Chn: C Hng dn: Khi lp tip xc p-n c phn cc thun, in trng ngoi c tc dng tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p. 3.59 Chn: D Hng dn: Dng in thun qua lp tip xc p - n l dng khuch tn ca cc ht c bn. 24. Linh kin bn dn 3.60 Chn: A Hng dn: it bn dn c cu to gm mt lp tip xc p n. 3.61 Chn: A Hng dn: it bn dn c tc dng chnh lu. 3.62 Chn: B Hng dn: it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in xoay chiu thnh dng in mt chiu, khng th bin i dng in my chiu thnh dng in xoay chiu 3.63 Chn: B Hng dn: Tranzito bn dn c cu to gm hai lp tip xc p n. 3.64 Chn: B Hng dn: Tranzito bn dn c tc dng khuch i. 25. Thc hnh: Kho st c tnh chnh lu ca i t bn dn v c tnh khuch i ca Tranzito 3.65 Chn: B Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca it bn dn. 3.66 Chn: D Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca it bn dn. 3.67 Chn: B
CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG

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Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca tranzito bn dn. 3.68 Chn: A Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca tranzito bn dn.

CHUYN 3: DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG