CHEMICAL BONDING

Chemical bonding
Refers to the attractive forces thet hold atoms together in compounds. 1.Ionic bonding 2. Covalent bonding

1. Ionic bonding results from the net transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or group of atoms to another 2. Covalent bonding results from sharing one or more electron pair between two atoms

LEWIS DOT FORMULA OF ATOMS

ELEKTRON TERLUAR MENENTUKAN SIFAT-SIFAT KIMIA DAN FISIKA SUATU UNSUR DALAM PEMBENTUKAN IKATAN KIMIA

IONIC BONDING

Formation of ionic compounds

Ionic bonding is the attraction of oppositely charge ion ( cations and anions) in large numbers to form a solid. Such a solid compound is called an ionic solid

Positive ions
Posive ions are 1 or more valence electron from metal loss of to nonmetal Sodium atom sodium ion Na. Na+ Loss of valence electron e 11p+ 11p+

11e1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1

10e1s2 2s2 2p6

Negative ions
Negative ions are nonmetal atoms gain electron from metals clorine atom cloride ion e- e 17p+

+ 17 Loss of two
valence electron

17e 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3s5

18e1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3s6

Charge balance in ionic compounds

The formula of ionic compouns indicateds the number and kinds of ions that make up the ionic compounds

Many metals are easily oxidazed-that is, they lose electrons to form cation, and many metal are readily reduced-that is,they gain electrons to form anions.

Group IA metal and group VIIA nonmetal

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Group IA metal and group VIA nonmetal

Group IIA metal and VIA nonmetal

STOP

Binary ionic compounds : A summary

Covalent bonding

TABEL HARGA ELEKTRONEGATIFITAS

Formation of covalent bonds

UNSUR BIASANYA MENDEKATI SUSUNAN GAS MULIA DALAM PENGGUNAAN ELEKTRON BERSAMA