AIR PRESSURE

SCIENCE FORM 2

AIR PRESSURE Produces when the air around us presses on the surfaces of the objects that are in it.

 A gas consists of many particles which are apart from each other The particles move freely in all directions The particles continuously hit the walls of the container and bounce back A force is exerted by the particles on the walls of the container This force produces a pressure on the walls of the container

KINETIC THEORY OF GASES

AIR PRESSURE

Air pressure is higher at sea level than on top of mountain

FACTORS AFFECTING AIR PRESSURE IN A CLOSED CONTAINER

FACTOR RELATIONSHIP EXPLANATION The air particles move in a smaller space More particles Volume decreases, hit the walls of Air pressure container increases Larger force is produced Higher pressure acts on the wall

Volume

FACTORS AFFECTING AIR PRESSURE IN A CLOSED CONTAINER

FACTOR RELATIONSHIP EXPLANATION Air particles move faster More particles hit the walls of container Larger force is produced Higher pressure acts on the wall

Temperature

Temperature increases, Air pressure increases

THE PRINCIPLE OF AIR PRESSURE

PRINCIPLE OF AIR PRESSURE

Air will flow from a region of higher air pressure to a region of lower air pressure. This movement of air is caused by a force acting in the direction of higher to lower air pressure.

PRINCIPLE OF AIR PRESSURE

If a surface lies between two regions of different air pressures, a force will act on the surface in the direction of higher to lower air pressure.

APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF AIR PRESSURE

SYRINGE
When the piston is pulled upwards, the volume of air in the barrel increases The air pressure in it is reduced The higher outside pressure forces the water through the needle into the barrel

SIPHON

The bent tube is filled with water (siphon) has low pressure in it The higher outside pressure pushes the water into the tube The water flows out of the tube

DRINKING STRAW
Sucking removes the air inside the straw producing low pressure The higher pressure outside pushes the water into the straw

POURING MILK FROM CAN

When the milk flows out of the can, the pressure inside the can is reduced The second hole allows air to enter the can and fill up the empty space producing equals air pressure inside and outside the can The equal pressure enable the milk to flow continuously out of the can

SUCTION PUMP / PLUNGER

When the plunger is pushed down, the air under the rubber sucker is force out and reduce the air pressure When the plunger is pull, the volume of air under the rubber sucker increases and further reduce the air pressure The higher external air pressure pushes and loosens the blockage which will then flow out with the water

GAS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

GAS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

Gas can be changed to liquid (liquefied gases) when they are compressed under high pressure.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANDLING GAS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE