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TNG I VOIP

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TNG QUAN V ASTERISK


3.1 Gii thiu Asterisk: Asterisk l phn mm ngun m c vit bng ngn ng C chy trn h iu hnh Linux thc hin tt c cc tnh nng ca tng i PBX v hn th na. Asterisk ra i vo nm 1999 bi mt sinh vin sinh nm 1977 tn l Mark Spencer. Anh ta vit phn mm ny ban u vi mc ch h tr cho cng ty ca mnh trong vic lin lc m thoi. Asterisk l mt phn mm mang tnh cch mng, tin cy v min ph bin mt my tnh thng thng chy Linux thnh mt h thng in thoi doanh nghip mnh m. Asterisk l mt b cng c m ngun m cho cc ng dng thoi v l mt server x l cuc gi y chc nng. Asterisk l mt nn tng tch hp in thoi vi tnh ho kin trc m. Nhiu h thng Asterisk c ci t thnh cng trn khp th gii. Cng ngh Asterisk ang phc v cho nhiu doanh nghip. Asterisk em n cho ngi s dng tt c cc tnh nng v ng dng ca h thng tng i PBX v cung cp nhiu tnh nng m tng i PBX thng thng khng c c. Hin nay Asterisk trn pht trin nhanh c rt nhiu doanh nghip trin khai ng dng cho cng ty ca mnh. y l xu th tt yu ca ngi s dng in thoi, v cc cng ty u c mng my tnh v cn lin lc vi nhau trong cng vic gia cc phng ban hoc chi nhnh v cn mt chi ph thp thm ch khng phi tn chi ph khi thc hin cc cuc gi trn mng ni b ca cng ty. Khng gi gn thng tin lin lc trong cng ty m cc ng dng giao tip vi mng PSTN hoc mng VoIP cho php gi ra bt c s in thoi no c trn mng PSTN.

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3.2 Kin trc Asterisk

Hnh 3.1:Kin trc Asterisk V c bn kin trc ca Asterisk l s kt hp gia nn tng cng ngh in thoi v ng dng in thoi cho VoIP nh SIP, H323, IAX, MGCP... cc cng ngh in thoi cho h thng chuyn mch mch TDM nh T1, E1, ISDN v cc giao tip ng truyn thoi Analog. Khi khi ng h thng Asterisk th chc nng Dynamic Module Loader thc hin np driver ca thit b, np cc knh giao tip, cc Format, Codec v cc ng dng lin quan, ng thi cc hm API( Application Programming Interface) cng c lin kt np vo h thng. Sau h thng PBX Switching Core ca Asterisk chuyn sang trng thi sn sng hot ng chuyn mch cuc gi, cc cuc gi c chuyn mch tu vo k hoch quay s (Dialplan). Application Launchar rung chung thu bao, quay s, nh hng cuc gi, kt ni vi hp th thoi Scheduler and I/O Manager m nhim cc ng dng nng cao. Codec Translator xc nhn cc knh nn d liu ng vi cc chun khc nhau c th kt hp lin lc c vi nhau. H thng cng bao gm 4 chc nng API chnh:
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Codec translator API: cc hm thc thi, gii nn cc chun nh

G711, G729 o o Asterisk Channel API : Giao tip vi cc knh lin lc khc nhau. Asterisk file format API : x l cc loi file c nh dng nh Mp3,

wav, gsm o Asterisk Aplication API : Bao gm tt c cc ng dng c thc thi

trong h thng Asterisk nh voicemail, callerID 3.3 Thit b VoIP 3.3.1 VoIP Phone y l thit b phn cng kt ni vi mng VoIP ging nh my in thoi bn thng thng nhng dnh cho VoIP, cn phi thc hin cu hnh trc khi s dng. Lu mt s tnh nng khi thc hin mua thit b in thoi VoIP: o o dng. o Audio Interface: C speaker phone hay khng? Low bandwidth: H tr Codec, G729 l tt nht hin nay. Web Interface: Phi c giao tip thit lp cu hnh thn thin d s

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Hnh 3.2 : in thoi IP AT-530

Hnh 3.3: in thoi IP 7961G. 3.3.2 Soft phone Softphone l mt phn mm c ci trn my tnh thc hin tt c cc chc nng ging nh thit b in thoi IP. S dng Softphone vi h thng Asterisk nn dng Softphone vi cng ngh SIP hoc giao thc mi dnh cho Asterisk nh IAX.

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Hnh 3.4: in Thoi Softphone X-lite. 3.3.3 Card giao tip vi PSTN Mun cho php cc my in thoi ni b trong h thng Asterisk kt ni v thc hin cuc gi vi mng PSTN chng ta cn phi c thit b phn cng tng thch. Thit b phn cng s dng cho h thng Asterisk do chnh tc gi lp cng ty Digium phn phi, y cng chnh l tng ln trong vic phn phi phn mm Asterisk l h thng ngun m s dng min ph. Thit b phn cng thng k hiu bt u bng cm t TDMxyB trong x l module FXS, y l s Module FXO, v d card TDM11B c ngha l c 1 port FXS v 1 port FXO.

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Hnh 3.5: Card TDM400P

Hnh3.6: Card TDM11B

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3.3.4 ATA analog Adapter ATA l thit b kt ni vi in thoi Analog thng thng n mng VoIP, mt thit b ATA gm c hai loi port: RJ-11 kt ni vi my in thoi analog thng thng cn RJ-45 kt ni vi mng VoIP. ATA thc s l thit b FXS chuyn i tn hiu Analog sang tn hiu s s dng cho mng VoIP, tn dng my in thoi Analog nn trang b thit b ATA thay v phi trang b in thoi VoIP. Thit b ATA s dng vi giao thc IAX c Digium phn phi l thit b ATA c s dng rng ri vi Asterisk c tn gi l IAXy.

Hnh 3.7: Thit b Cisco ATA186

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Hnh 3.8:Thit b ATA286 3.3.5 Gateway L thit b c s sng kt ni gia mng IP v mng PSTN. Gateway c chc nng nh mt Trunk chuyn cuc gi t mng IP ra PSTN v ngc li. Mi Gateway s h tr cc loi cng sau:

Cng FXO: FXO (Foreign Exchange Office) l cng nhn tn hiu t

tng i gi n nh dng chung, tn hiu nhc gc my, tn hiu mi quay s, gi v nhn tn hiu thoi. Dng kt ni vi ng dy in thoi t Bu in.

FXS (Foreign Exchange Station) l thit b ti ni cung cp ng

dy in thoi, thit b FXS s cung cp tn hiu mi quay s (dialtone), dng chung, hi m chung (ring tone). Trong ng dy Analog FXS cung cp dng chung v in p cho in thoi hot ng .V d FXS cung cp in p -48V
DC

n my in thoi Analog trong sut thi gian


AC

m thoi v cung cp 90V

pht in p rung chung.

Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

Cng Ethenet (RJ-45)dng kt ni vi my tnh khi cu

hnh Gateway. o Cng Internet (RJ-45) kt ni vi mng LAN.

Hnh 3.9: Gateway Linksys SPA3102 3.3.6 Codes Thut Ton codecs (Compressor / De-compressor) l mt tp cc quy lut c s dng chuyn i cc tn hiu thoi dng Analog sang tn hiu s v ngc li. C nhiu thut ton codec thc hin chuyn i tn hiu analog sang tn hiu s dng nh phn (0,1) nh G711, GSM, G729ng vi mi thut ton c nhng u im ring, c bit l vic ti u s dng bng thng trn ng truyn.

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Asterisk c th hot ng vi nhiu nh dng file v chun nn khc nhau. Bi v n l mt phn mm vi cu trc m nn n d dng hot ng vi cc nh dng file v codec thm vo. C hai chun nn PCM 64kbps ph bin, lut A v lut U. C hai iu s dng nn logarit t c 12 n 13 bit cho vic nn tuyn tnh 8 bit. Nn logarit lm gim cc tn s cao hay m lng ln. Lut A tt hn trong vic nn tn hiu mc thp v c t s nn tn hiu trn nhiu tt hn. Lut U thng c s dng Bc M, cn lut A thng c s dng chu u. Asterisk cung cp vic chuyn i hon ho gia cc chun nn vi nhau. Cc chun nn gm c:

Hnh 3.10: Cc thut ton codec Thm vo , cc chun nn khc nh G.723.1 v G.729 c th i qua mt cch trong sut. Thng thng, ngi ta s dng b nn v gii nn lut A, lut U hay tuyn tnh cho bng DTMF. Hu ht cc chun nn c mt mt d liu tng i ln khi truyn fax. Mc tiu cui cng l cc thut ton a ra phi m bo cht lng cuc gi nht v tit kim bng thng nht.

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G729 l thut ton codec tt nht hin nay trong h thng VoIP. Vi h thng Asterisk s dng thut ton ny cn phi mua bn quyn s dng v y l codec khng min ph s dng. 3.4 Cc yu t nh hng n cht lng dch v (QoSQuality of Services) Cc yu t nh hng n cht lng ca dch v, i vi VoIP l cc yu t nh hng n cht lng tn hiu thoi. 3.4.1 Tr

Thoi l dch v mang tnh thi gian thc rt cao v th tr l yu t nh hng rt ln n cht lng dch v. Tr c nh ngha l khong thi gian tnh t lc tn hiu thoi i t ming ngi ni ti tai ngi nghe. Tr l yu t khng th trnh khi, tr i vi mng in thoi truyn thng (mng PSTN) khong t 50ms n 70ms, theo khin ngh ca ITU-T m bo cht lng cho h thng VoIP th tr t u pht ti u thu hoc ngc li khng c vt qu 150ms, khi m tr vt qu 400ms n 500ms th khng th chp nhn c. Cc nguyn nhn gy ra tr bao gm : Tr trn mng li, tr trn b m ha gii m, tr trong qu trnh ng gi, tr b m, tr x l ting ni 3.4.2 Trt (JITTER)

Nguyn nhn gy ra trt l gi tn hiu thoi trong qu trnh truyn t ngun n ch s gp phi nhng iu kin khc nhau trn mng li do thng n ch vi nhng khong tr khc nhau. y l tnh khng ng nht ca tr. Mt nguyn nhn khc ca trt i vi ng dng PC to PC l do vic s dng h iu hnh phi thi gian thc, cc gi tin thoi phi i h iu hnh x l trong nhng khong thi gian khc nhau khi m h iu hnh ang phi x l i vi cc ng dng khc. loi b tnh khng ng nht ca tr, ngi ta thit k cc b m tr (Jitter Buffer) ti ni n ca cc gi tin, cc gi tin n vi cc khong cch khc nhau v thi gian c lu ti b m ri pht khi b m vi khong tr nh
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nhau. Khi b m c kch thc cng ln th kh nng loi b tnh khng ng nht cng ln, tuy nhin vic s dng b m s gy ra hin tng tr trong ng dng thoi, do cn c bi ton cn i gia tr v trt. Ngoi 2 nguyn nhn trn cn mt s nguyn nhn na nh hng n cht lng thoi nh mt gi, gii hn bng thng, ting vng.

Hnh 3.11: Nguyn nhn gy ra jitter

3.4.3

Mt gi

Mt gi gy ra mt thng tin, mt thng tin l mt thng s QoS khng c cp thng xuyn nh l bng thng v tr, c bit i vi mng Internet. l v bn cht t nhin c tha nhn ca mng Internet l c gng ti a. Nu cc gi IP khng n c ch th Internet khng h b li v lm mt chng. iu ny khng c ngha l ng dng s tt yu b li, bi v nu

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cc thng tin b mt vn cn thit i vi ng dng th n s t yu cu bn gi gi li bn sao ca thng tin b mt. Bn thn mng khng h tr chuyn ny, bi v bn sao ca thng tin b mt khng c lu li bt c nt no ca mng.

Hu ht mt gi l do cc li trn mng. V d mt kt ni b hng th tt c cc bit ang truyn lin kt ny s khng th ti c ch. Nu mt nt mng, v d nh b nh tuyn hng, th tt c cc bit hin ang trong b m v ang c x l bi nt s bin mt khng li du vt. Do nhng loi h hng ny trn mng c th xy ra bt c lc no, nn mt s gi tin trn mng b mt l iu khng th trnh khi. Tc ng ca mt thng tin ty thuc vo loi ng dng. iu khin li trn mng l mt qu trnh gm hai bc, m bc u tin l xc nh li. Bc th hai l khc phc li, n c th n gin l bn gi truyn li n v mt thng tin. Mt vi ng dng, c bit l ng dng thi gian thc, khng th t hiu qu khc phc li bng cch gi li n v tin b li. Cc ng dng khng phi l thi gian thc th thch hp hn i vi cch truyn li thng tin b li. V nhng l do ny, cc thng s QoS mt thng tin khng nhng nn nh r mt gii hn trn i vi nh hng ca li m nn cho php ngi s dng xc nh xem c sa li bng cch truyn li hay khng. Tuy nhin hu ht cc mng (c bit l mng IP) ch cung cp phng tin vn chuyn th ng, cn xc nh li, khc phc li thng c li cho ng dng ca ngi s dng. Mng IP hot ng trn c ch c gng ti a nn tin cy khng cao, mt gi thng xy ra, i khi xy ra nghn mng v cc gi phi nm trong hng i ca cc nt mng, xu hn l c th rt do trn b m hoc do u tin ca gi thp b b nh tuyn loi b. truyn tin cy d liu trong mng IP ngi ta phi s dng c ch pht li truyn li cc gi b mt, n c th thc hin lp giao vn. C ch pht li c kch hot khi u cui nhn c bn tin thng bo mt gi. Tuy nhin, vic pht li c nhc im ln l tr. i vi cc ng dng thi gian thc nh thoi th c ch pht li khng th ng dng c.
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Gi thc cht c xc nh l mt khi tr u cui- u cui ca gi vt khi qu thi gian quy nh. Nh vy, mt gi l gi khng bao gi n ch (thi gian tr bng v cng) nhng cng c th l gi mc d n ch nhng sau thi im quy nh t ra ca chng (trng hp ny l mt gi do tr). S ca gi mt s gim khi tng tr b m ngha l tng thi gian tr cho php ca gi. Tuy nhin, tng tr b m ng ngha vi tng tr u cui- u cui (m iu ny li nh hng n cht lng, n cm nhn ca ngi nghe). Do cn phi c s cn nhc tha ng gia hai con s ny. Mt gi lm gin on cc on thoi, gy nn cc m nh click, mt ting ( trong khong rt ngn) hoc mt m lm cho on thoi khng hiu c. V mt gi l iu khng th trnh khi, lu lng thoi cho php c th mt mt s gi, nhng t l mt gi ny vt qu 5% th n s nh hng ng k n cht lng thoi. Do vy phi c bin php gim nh hng ca mt gi n cht lng thoi. l k thut che giu mt gi hay rng hn l k thut khi phc mt gi, ngha l lm cho ngi nghe khng cm nhn thy kh chu do tc ng ca mt gi gy nn.

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Thi Cng Tng i Chng 4: Ci t Tng i


4.1 Yu Cu V Thit B: Mt my tnh ci h iu hnh Linux(Centos4.5) dng lm tng i, 3 my tnh ci phn mm Softphone (X-lite) dng nh in thoi IP. Mt Switch kt ni mng LAN (Local Area Network). Mt Router kt ni Internet. Mt Gateway (Linksys SPA3102) dng kt ni gia mng Internet v mng in thoi truyn thng (PSTN-Public Switching Telephone Network). Dy Cable mng, Headphone. 4.2 M Hnh H Thng Tng i:

Hnh 4.1: M hnh h thng tng i.

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4.3

Ci t Tng i :

4.3.1 Ci H iu Hnh Linux- CentOS4.5 v Phn Mm Asterisk. Bc 1: Fomat a cng, to phn vng mi, chn ch Boot CD trong CMOS, sau a a cha h iu hnh vo ci t. Bc 2:Qu trnh ci t bt u c tin hnh : o o Khi chng trnh khi ng, s hin th mn hnh. Chn advanced chia phn vng partition mi. Tuy Linux khng

i hi cu hnh cao, nhng nu bn mun lm vic ch ha hay bo m cho h thng chy trn tru vi cc ng dng yu cu phi c hai phn vng partition. Partition chnh: cha th mc gc (/) Partition swap: c dng lm khng gian ha i khi vng nh chnh s dng ht.

Hnh 4.2: Ch ty chnh

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Hnh 4.3: Chn kiu g bn phm US.

Hnh 4.4: Phn vng partition Swap

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Hnh 4.5: Phn vng partition (/)

Hnh 4.6: Chn Time Zone-Asia/Saigon

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Hnh 4.7: Cu hnh a ch IP cho tng i.

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Hnh 4.8: Ci Password cho ti khon Root.

Hnh 4.9: Cc gi d liu ca tng i ang c ci t.

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Hnh 4.10: Qu Trnh ci t hon tt h thng Reboot li .

Hnh 4.11: Log on vo h thng.

Hnh 4.12: Thng bo h thng hot ng.

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4.3.2 Ci t v Updates Cc Gi Cho Tng i: T mt my tnh bt k cng lp mng vi tng i, ta m trnh duyt Internet, nhp http://a ch IP ca tng i, ta s truy cp vo h thng tng i.

Hnh 4.13: Log on vo User mode vo cu hnh tng i ta phi vo ti khon Admin, t giao din hnh 4.13, ta Click vo ch Switch gc trn bn phi chuyn qua ti khon Admin.

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Hnh 4.14: Nhp ti khon truy cp vo Admin mode.

Hnh 4.15: Log on vo Admin Mode.

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ch Admin Mode, u tin ta s tin hnh ti cc gi ca tng i v ci t. T giao din hnh 4.15 ta click vo Tab Packages sau tin hnh ci cc gi cn thit.

Hnh 4.16: Ci v updates cc gi cho tng i.

Ta click vo Tab FreePBX nh hnh di cu hnh thu bao v cc thng s ca tng i.

Hnh 4.17: Vo FreePBX.

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Hnh 4.18: Giao din FreePBX System Status.

4.4

Cu Hnh c bn cho Tng i. T giao din hnh 2.6, ta click vo Tab Module Admin tin hnh download cc module ca cc dch v t Server v ci vo tng i gm cc dch v nh:Follow me, Backlist, Day/Night Mode, IVR(Interactive Voice Responce), Ring Group, Time Condition, Call Transfer, Call Pickup. Vic cu hnh cc dch v s c gii thiu phn sau. By gi chng ta s tin hnh cu hnh tng i thc hin cuc gi ni b v gi ra bn ngoi.

4.4.1 To v cu hnh s ni b ( Extensions). S lng thu bao ty thuc vo cu hnh my tnh dng lm tng i. y vi tnh cht th nghim th em to ra 4 s thu bao ln lt l :Chin 2000, Giang 2001, Sn 2002 v SPA 2005.Cch tin hnh nh sau: T Giao din hnh 2.6 ta click vo Tab Extension nh hnh di to mi s thu bao. y ta chn Generic SIP Device ri chn Submit xc nhn.

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Hnh 4.19: To mi s ni b (Extension). Sau khi xc nhn ta ln lt to cc s ni b nh hnh bn di.

Hnh 4.20: To s ni b Chien 2000 Cc thng s c bn khi to s ni b:


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Display Name: Tn hin th s gi, c th t ty , n s hin th

khi gi n s my khc. o o User Extension: Ti khon ca s ni b. Secret: Mt khu ca s ni b, User extension v Secret dng

ng k vi tng i. 4.4.2 To v cu hnh Trunk. Trunk c Tc dng dng chuyn cuc gi ra bn ngoi hay t bn ngoi vo. Tng i IP c th to nhiu Trunk vi nhiu mc ch khc nhau: Trunk dng chuyn cuc gi ni a, trunk chuyn cuc gi quc t Trunk c nhiu loi: C th dng Gateway Linksys Spa3102 dng lm trunk gi ra PSTN, c th dng th ca cc nh cung cp in thoi Internet lm Trunk, c th ng k cc SIP trunk min ph trn mng nh Draytek, Iptel hoc c th dng ti khon ca cc nh cung cp dch v VoIP (VSP-VoIP service provider). T giao din hnh 2.6, ta click vo Tab Trunks to trunk.

Hnh 4.21: To mi Sip Trunk

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ti ny ta s dng Gateway Linksys SPA3102 lm trunk gi ra PSTN, di ng v ngc li.

Hnh 4.22: To Trunk SPA3102 Cc thng s c bn khi cu hnh Trunk: o o Outbound CallerID: S s hin th my b gi khi ta gi ra ngoi. Dial Rules:L thng s quan trng nht trong cu hnh ca trunk, n

s thc hin nh tuyn cuc gi theo quy tc m ta lp trnh, c th nh tuyn gi ni ht, gi lin tnh, di ng, quc t. Quy tc vit Dial rules: X- i din cho cc s gia s 0 v s 9. N- i din cho cc s gia s 2 v s 9. Z- i din cho bt k s no khc 0. Cc s nm trong du [ ]. V d:[236] c ngha l trong Dial Rules ca mnh c s 2 hoc s 3 hoc s 6. Du .: i din cho bt k mt s no.

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Du | :Tc c nhng s no t trc du | s khng c gi ra trung k. V d: 9|. :Khi ta bm s 938212360 th tng i ch gi ra Trunk k s 38212360, cn s 9 c ct b i.

Outgoing setting:cha nhng thng tin ca host lm Siptrunk,

username, ng cnh cuc gi i ra o o Incoming setting: cng cha nhng thng tin nh outgoing setting. Registration:L phn ng k vi nh cung cp dch v VoIP, c cu

trc nh sau: UsernamePassword@host name/Username 4.4.3 To v cu hnh Outbound Routes: Outbound l ng nh tuyn cho cc cuc gi ra bn ngoi.Tng ng vi mi Trunk s c mt Outbound route.

Hnh 2.23: To Outbound Route SPA3102.

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Cc thng s c bn khi to Outbound route: o Route Name:Tn ca Route, c th t trng vi tn ca Trunk

to trn. o Dial Patterns: Quy nh cho vic gi ra cho mi Trunk, quy tc vit

Dial Patterns cng ging nh vit Dial rules. o Trunk Sequence: L cc Trunk c a vo mt nhm, nu Trunk

ny b li th dng trunk khc gi ra ngoi. 4.4.4 To v cu hnh Inbound routes: Inbound route l ng nh tuyn cho cc cuc gi t bn ngoi vo. Inbound route c rt nhiu la chn, khi c cuc gi t bn ngoi vo c th chung my Operator, c th chung vo mt nhm, c th vo IVR (T ng tr li). Inbound route cn cho php thit lp la ch ngy m bng tay hoc t ng.V d nh mt cng ty, ban ngy khi c cuc gi vo s chung my Tip tn, cn ban m th chung vo bo v.

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Hnh 4.24: Cu hnh Inbound Route.

Chng 5 Ci t v cu hnh cc dch v cho tng i


Tng i IP-Asterisk hot ng trn nn Linux hoc Sun, do Tng i IP-Asterisk h tr nhiu dch v ca mt h thng tng i thng thng v c nhng dch v ch c trong cc dng tng i ln nh : Follow me, ring groups, IVR(interactive Voive Respond), Day/night mode,

Phonebook, Speeddial, Call pickup, Call transfer, Do not disturb, Blacklist 5.1 Ci t v cu hnh Follow me. Fol low Me: L dch v h tr cho ngi dng trong tng i. Khi c cuc gi n, nu thu bao khng tr li th cuc gi s c chuyn n mt s my c ci t trc V d: Cuc gi n my 2000, my 2000 s vi hi chung (ty chnh), nu khng c ai bt my 2000 th cuc gi s chuyn n mt s t trc, y ta t s 2005.Nh vy ngi gi s ni chuyn vi s my 2005.

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Hnh 5.1: Cu hnh Follow Me

Cc thng s c bn khi cu hnh Follow Me: o o o Ring Strategy: (cch thc chung): Hunt/Ringall Follow me List: Danh sch s in thoi s c chuyn n. Ring Time: Thi gian chung.

5.2 Ci t v cu hnh Ring Groups: Ring Group l dch v cho php thit lp cc s thu bao thnh cc nhm lm vic ( nhm chung, nhm th k/gim c).

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Hnh 5.2: Cu hnh dch v Ring Group. Cc thng s cu hnh c bn: o o o o Group Description: Tn m t cho group. Ring Strategy: Cch thc chung. Ring Max: Thi gian chung. Extension list: Danh sch cc s in thoi c a vo nhm.

5.3 Ci t v cu hnh Automated Attendant(IVR-Interactive Voice Respond) IVR l dch v tng tc thoi khi c cuc gi n, n s thng bo cho ngi gi thng tin v cc s thu bao cn lin h, trn c s ngi gi s la chn chuyn my ti ngi cn gp. cu hnh dch v IVR, trc tin ta phi s dng dch v System Recording thu m li cho cho IVR.

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Hnh 5.3: Dch v Systen Recording.

Tip theo ta s vo cu hnh IVR.

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Hnh 5.4.1:Cu hnh IVR

Hnh 5.4.2: Cu hnh IVR (tip)

Cc thng s cu hnh c bn ca IVR:

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

o o o o 5.4

Name: Tn ca li cho c t trong system recording. Announcement: Chn li cho. Nhp s cn bm tng ng vi mi s thu bao. V d: Bm s 1 gp chin, s 2 gp giang.

Ci t v cu hnh Day/Night Control: Dch v Day/Night Control cho php chng ta la chn ch ngy/m cho tng i. Ban ngy chng ta c th cu hnh chung vo IVR, cn ban m th chung vo s ca bo v.

Hnh 5.5: Cu Hnh Day/Night mode control.

Cc thng s cu hnh c bn cho dch v Day/night control: o o o o Day/night feature code index: La chn s th t cho ch . Description:Tn m t ch . Current mode: Ch hin thi. mc DAY ta chn ni s chung vo ch ban ngy.

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o o

mc NIGHT ta chn ni s chung voch ban m. y ta c th chuyn gia ch ngy m bng cch bm Code

*280. 5.5 Ci t V Cu Hnh Condidtion: Dch v Time condition c tnh nng tng t Day/night controll, nhng Time condition chuyn ch ngy m mt cch t ng m khng cnn bm m. Chng ta c th thit lp thi gian cho ch ngy m mt cch ty . V d : Ch ban ngy ta s thit lp t 8h-17h15.Ch ban m l thi gian cn li.

Hnh 5.6: Cu hnh dch v Time condition. 5.6 Ci t V Cu Hnh Music on hold.
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Music on hold l dch v cho php ngi gi c th nghe nhc trong lc gi my. Dch v ny cho php ta upload cc bi ht nh dng MP3 vo th vin cc bi ht.

Hnh 5.7: Cu hnh Music on hold. 5.7 Ci t V Cu Hnh Blacklist. Dch v ny cho php chn cc s mnh khng mun ngi ta gi n. Ta s nhp vo danh sch cc s in thoi khng mun gi n.

Hnh 5.8: Cu hnh dch v Blacklist.

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

5.8 Ci t V Cu Hnh Conferences: Conferences l dch v cho php nhiu ngi c th ni chuyn cng mt lc. Ta s to ra mt phng hi thoi, thu bao no mun gia nhp vo hi thoi th bm gi vo ng s phng hi thoi tr chuyn.

Hnh 5.9: Cu hnh dch v Conferences. Cc thng s cu hnh c bn: o o o Conferences name: Tn phng hi thoi. Conferences Number: S ca phng hi thoi. User PIN: mt khu ca user thng trng.

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

5.9

Asterisk Phonebook. Tng i IP cn h tr thit lp danh b in thoi quay s nhanh v d qun l.

Hnh 5.10: Cu hnh Phonebook. 5.10 Dch v Call Pickup: Call pickup l dch v cho php mt thu bao rc cuc gi ca thu bao khc khi c cuc gi n. V d: s 2005 gi cho s 2001, sau my 2000 rc cuc gi t s 2001 . C Php: ** + s my ang chung. 5.11 Dch v Call Transfer: Dch v Call transfer cho php chuyn cuc gi t my ny n my khc. C php: ## + S My cn chuyn n. 5.12 Dch v Do not disturb:
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Dch v chng quy ri cho php ngn chn cuc gi n. C php: o o Active:*78 Deactive:*79

5.13 Dch v Speed dial: Dch v ny cho php quay s nhanh. C Php:*0 + s tt. 5.14 Dch v Call Forward: Dch v ny cho php cc s thu bao c th ci t chuyn cuc gi sang mt s thu bao khc khi c cuc gi n. iu ch y l thao tc trn my ni b v c th chuyn ti bt k s my no trong tng i. C php: o o Active: Bm *90 Deactive:Bm *91

5.15 Ci t Code (Code Decoder) cho tng i: Khi thc hin cuc gi th cc thit b Software( Softphone) hoc

Hardware s m ha m ha tn hiu v nn chng theo nhng chun Code truyn i. Ngc li chng s gii m t cc chun code nn khi nhn thnh tn hiu m chng ta c th nghe c. Nhng chun Code thng dng trong VoIP: Code G.711 G.729 G.723.1 Code Bit Rate(Kbps) 64 8 6.4 Ethenet Bandwith(Kbps) 87.2 31.2 21.9

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GSM

13.2

28.7

Hnh 5.11: Cc chun Code thng dng trong VoIP.

Cht lng ca cuc gi ph thuc rt ln vo vic s dng tng loi Code, cc Code ny c bn vi gi 10$ /1 licence. y mang tnh cht th nghim nn chng ta c th s dng nhng Code Free nhng cht lng thoi s khng tt nh Code c bn quyn. Cch ci t Code: o Trc tin ta phi kim tra thng tin CPU (Control Processing Unit)

ca my lm tng i. o T Giao din ca tng i ta g dng lnh: # cat /proc/cpuinfo, ta

s bit c thng tin ca CPU t s la chn Code ph hp cho CPU ca my mnh.

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Hnh 5.12: Thng Tin ca CPU. o Chng ta g lnh : # cd /usr/lib/asterisk/modules chuyn n

th mc Modules, sau ta g lnh : Wget http://asterisk.hosting.lv/bin/codec_g723-ast14-gcc4-glibc-pentiumm.so load v v ci t.

Hnh 5.13: Ci Code G.723 o Lm tng t ci cho cc code cn li.

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

Sau khi ci xong ta vo ch CLI g lnh : Show translation

kim tra cc Code ci.

dec Codec Bit RateHinhh

b)H iiHiHnh

HInhApprox. MByteshINH

Hnh 5.14: Thng s cc Code ci.

5.16 Tnh nng report cuc gi ca tng i: Tng i IP cn c tnh nng qun l cc cuc gi n v i nh: S gi i, s gi n, thi gian gi, tr li hay khng C th xut thng tin cuc gi ra file dng PDF hoc Excel.

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

Hnh2.28: File Report thng tin cuc gi

5.17 Ci t v cu hnh Softphone X-lite. Nh gii thiu trn, X-lite l phn mm h tr thc hin cuc gi trn giao thc SIP, n co nhc nng nh mt in thoi IP, ta tin hnh ci t v cu hnh nh sau: ng k Username v Password m chng ta thit lp trong tng i. Display name l tn hin th my khch khi mnh gi n. Nhp tn Domain chnh l a ch IP ca tng i.

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

Hnh 2.29: ng k ti khon SIP 2000 Tip theo ta s cu hnh cho Topology cho ti khon ny.

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

Hnh 2.30: Cu hnh Topology Sau khi cu hnh xong ti khon ny s c ng k tng i, nu ng k thnh cng th s hin thi nh sau:

Hnh 2.31: ng k thnh cng 5.18 Cu hnh Gateway Linksys SPA3102 Gateway SPA3102 dng lm Trunk chuyn v nhn cc cuc gi t PSTN, di ng. N c cu hnh nh sau: u tin ta s cu hnh a ch IP cho Gateway, a ch ny trng vi lp mng LAN.

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Hnh 2.32: Cu hnh WAN Setup Tip theo ta s cu hnh ti khon cho Port FXS(Foreign Exchange Station). Cng ging nh cu hnh cho X-lite:

Hnh 2.33: Cu hnh ti khon cho port FXS Tip theo s cu hnh ti khon cho port FXO(Foreign Exchange Office).

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Cao ng k thut Cao Thng B mn Vin thng

Hnh 2.34: Cu hnh ti khon cho PSTN Lines

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