CHUYN 1: CU TO NGUYN T- BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HO HC- LIN KT HO HC

Cu 1: Nguyn t c cu to bi bao nhiu loi ht c bn ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 2: Trong nguyn t, ht mang in l A. electron B. electron v ntron C. proton v ntron D. proton v electron Cu 3: Ht mang in trong nhn nguyn t l: A. electron B. proton C. ntron D. proton v ntron Cu 4: Trong nguyn t, loi ht no c khi lng khng ng k so vi cc ht cn li ? A. proton B. ntron C. electron D. ntron v electron Cu 5: Nguyn t flo c 9 proton, 9 electron v 10 ntron. S khi ca nguyn t flo l A. 9 B. 10 C. 19 D. 28 39 Cu 6: S ntron trong nguyn t 19K l A. 19 B. 20 C. 39 D. 58 Cu 7: Nguyn t photpho c 16n, 15p v 15e. S hiu nguyn t ca photpho l A. 15 B. 16 C. 30 D. 31 Cu 8: Cp nguyn t no c cng s ntron ? 1 4 3 3 1 3 2 3 A. 1H va2He B. 1H va2He C. 1H va2He D. 1H va2He Cu 9: Mt ion c 3p, 4n v 2e. Ion ny c in tch l A. 3+ B. 2C. 1+ D. 1Cu 10: Mt ion c 13p, 14n v 10e. Ion ny c in tch l A. 3B. 3+ C. 1D. 1+ Cu 11: Mt ion (hoc nguyn t) c 8p, 8n v 10e. Ion (hoc nguyn t) ny c in tch l A. 2B. 2+ C. 0 D. 8+ Cu 12: ng v l nhng nguyn t ca cng mt nguyn t, c s p bng nhau nhng khc nhau s A. electron B. ntron C. proton D. obitan Cu 13: S khi ca nguyn t bng tng A. s p v n. B. s p v e C. s n, e v p D. s in tch ht nhn. Cu 14: S obitan tng cng trong nguyn t c s in tch ht nhn 7 l A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 9 Cu 15: Nguyn t ha hc l tp hp cc nguyn t c cng A. s khi B. in tch ht nhn C. s electron D. tng s proton v ntron Cu 16: Cu hnh e no sau y ca nguyn t kim loi ? A. 1s22s22p63s23p6 B. 1s2s2s2p63s23p5 C. 1s22s22p63s23p3 D. 1s22s22p63s23p1 Cu 17: Cu hnh e ca nguyn t Y trng thi c bn l 1s22s22p5. Vy Y thuc nhm nguyn t A. kim loi kim. B. halogen. C. kim loi kim th. D. kh him. Cu 18: trng thi c bn, s obitan s c cha e ca nguyn t c s hiu 20 l A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 19: trng thi c bn, tng s e trong cc obitan s ca mt nguyn t c s hiu 13 l A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 7 Cu 20: Cu hnh e ca nguyn t c s hiu Z = 17 l A. 1s22s22p63s23p44s1 B. 1s22s22p63s23d5 2 2 6 2 5 C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p D. 1s22s22p63s23p34s2 Cu 21: Chn cu hnh e khng ng. A. 1s22s22p5 B. 1s22s22p63s2 C. 1s22s22p63s23p5 D. 1s22s22p63s23p34s2 Cu 22: Cu hnh e nguyn t ca nguyn t c s hiu nguyn t 26 l A. [Ar]3d54s2 B. [Ar]4s23d6 C. [Ar]3d64s2 D. [Ar]3d8 Cu 23: Phn lp d y in t (bo ha) khi c s electron l A. 5 B. 10 C. 6 D. 14 Cu 24: C bao nhiu e trong cc obitan s ca nguyn t Cl (Z = 17) ? A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

Cu 25: Cc ion 8O2-, 12Mg2+, 13Al3+ bng nhau v A. s khi B. s electron C. s proton D. s ntron Cu 26: Cation M2+ c cu hnh e phn lp ngoi cng l 2p6, cu hnh e ca nguyn t M l A. 1s22s22p6 B. 1s22s22p63s1 C. 1s22s22p63s2 D. 1s22s22p4 26 Cu 27: Anion Y c cu hnh e phn lp ngoi cng l 2p , s hiu nguyn t Y l A. 8 B. 9 C. 10 D.7 40X va40Y Cu 28: K hiu 18 20 dng ch 2 nguyn t: A. ng v. B. ng khi. C. cng s ntron. D. cng in tch ht nhn. Cu 29: Nguyn t ca nguyn t R c 56e v 81n. K hiu nguyn t no sau y l ca nguyn t R ? 81 A. 137 B. 137 C. 56 D. 56 R R R R 56 81 81 Cu 30: S e ha tr ca nguyn t c s hiu 7 l A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 3 Cu 31: Nguyn t c s hiu 24, s ntron 28, c A. s khi 52 B. s e l 28 C. in tch ht nhn 24 D. s p 28 Cu 32: Lp e th 3 c bao nhiu phn lp ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 33: S e ti a trong lp th n l A. 2n B. n + 1 C. n2 D. 2n2 Cu 34: Nguyn t c s hiu 13, c khuynh hng mt bao nhiu e ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 35: Nguyn t no sau y c tnh kim loi mnh nht ? A. Na B. Mg C. Al D. K Cu 36: trng thi c bn cu hnh e nguyn t ca nguyn t X l 1s 22s22p63s23p4. V tr ca nguyn t X trong bng tun hon l A. s 16, chu k 3 nhm IVA. B. s 16 chu k 3, nhm VIA. C. s 16, chu k 3, nhm IVB. D. s 16, chu k 3, nhm VIB. Cu 37: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c 10p, 10n v 10e. Trong bng HTTH, X A. chu k 2 v nhm VA. B. chu k 2 v nhm VIIIA. C. chu k 3 v nhm VIIA. D. chu k 3 v nhm VA. Cu 38:Tng s p, e, n trong nguyn t ca nguyn t A l 28 , trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 8. Nguyn t A l A. O (Z=8) B. F (Z=9) C. Ar (Z=18) D. K (Z=19) Cu 39: Nguyn t ca nguyn t B c tng s ht c bn l 34. S ht mang in gp 1,8333 ln s ht khng mang in. Nguyn t B l A. Na (Z=11) B. Mg (Z=12) C. Al (Z=13) D. Cl (Z=17) Cu 40: Tng s ht p, e, n trong nguyn t nguyn t X l 10. Nguyn t X l A. Li (Z=3) B. Be (Z=4) C. N (Z=7) D. Ne (Z=10) Cu 41: Hp cht MX3 c tng s ht mang in l 128. Trong hp cht, s p ca nguyn t X nhiu hn s p ca nguyn t M l 38. Cng thc ca hp cht trn l A. FeCl3 B. AlCl3 C. FeF3 D. AlBr3 2Cu 42:Tng s ht mang in trong ion AB3 bng 82. S ht mang in trong nhn nguyn t A nhiu hn s ht mang in trong nhn ca nguyn t B l 8. S hiu nguyn t A v B (theo th t) l A. 6 v 8 B. 13 v 9 C. 16 v 8 D. 14 v 8 Cu 43: Tng s p, e, n trong hai nguyn t A v B l 142, trong tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht khng mang in l 42. S ht mang in ca B nhiu hn ca A l 12. S hiu nguyn t ca A v B l A. 17 v 29 B. 20 v 26 C. 43 v 49 D. 40 v 52 Cu 44: ng c hai ng v 63Cu (chim 73%) v 65Cu (chin 27%). Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Cu l A. 63,45 B. 63,54 C. 64, 46 D. 64, 64 Cu 45: Nguyn t X c hai ng v, ng v th nht 35X chim 75%. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca X l 35,5. ng v th hai l A. 34X B. 37X C. 36X D.38X 24 25 26 35 37 Cu 46: Mg c 3 ng v Mg, Mg v Mg. Clo c 2 ng v Cl v Cl. C bao nhiu loi phn t MgCl2 khc nhau to nn t cc ng v ca 2 nguyn t ? A. 6 B. 9 C. 12 D.10 Cu 47: Ion M2+ c s e l 18, in tch ht nhn l A. 18 B. 20 C. 18+ D. 20+

Cu 48: Ion Mx+ c tng s ht l 57. Hiu s ht mang in v khng in l 17. Nguyn t M l A. Na B. K C. Ca D. Ni Cu 49: Tng s e trong ion AB2 l 34. Chn cng thc ng A. AlOB. NOC. ClOD. CrO2 2 2 2 Cu 50: Hp cht AB2 c %A = 50% (v khi lng) v tng s proton l 32. Nguyn t A v B u c s p bng s n. AB 2 l A. NO2 B. SO2 C. CO2 D. SiO2 Cu 51: Ion X2- c A. s p s e = 2 B. s e s p = 2 C. s e s n = 2 D. s e (s p + s n)= 2 Cu 52: Ion X- c 10e, ht nhn c 10n. S khi ca X l A. 19 B. 20 C. 18 D. 21 Cu 53: Ion A2+ c cu hnh e vi phn lp cui cng l 3d9. Cu hnh e ca nguyn t A l A. [Ar]3d94s2 B. [Ar]3d104s1 C. [Ar]3d94p2 D. [Ar]4s23d9 Cu 54: Chn pht biu sai. A. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t oxi mi c 8p. B. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t oxi mi c 8n. C. Nguyn t oxi c s e bng s p. D. Lp e ngoi cng nguyn t oxi c 6e. Cu 55: Chn pht biu sai: Trong nguyn t (Tr (Tr nguyn t hiro) A. s e = s p. B. s n < s p. C. s khi = s p + s n. D. s p = s in tch ht nhn. Cu 56: Lp e ngoi cng ca nguyn t c 4e, nguyn t tng ng l A. kim loi. B. phi kim. C. kim loi chuyn tip. D. kim loi hoc phi kim. Cu 57: Nguyn t c cu hnh e vi phn ln p c cha e c thn l nguyn t no sau y ? A. N (Z=7) B. Ne (Z=10) C. Na (Z=11) D. Mg (Z=12) Cu 58: Cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon do Mendeleev cng b c sp xp theo chiu chi tng dn A. khi lng nguyn t. B. bn knh nguyn t. C. s hiu nguyn t. D. m in ca nguyn t. Cu 59: Tng s ht ca mt nguyn t l 40. Bit s ht ntron ln hn s ht pronton l 1. Cho bit nguyn t trn thuc loi nguyn t no? A. nguyn t s B. nguyn t p C. nguyn t d D. nguyn t f Cu 60: Chu k l dy nguyn t c cng A. s lp e. B. s e ha tr. C. s p. D. s in tch ht nhn Cu 61: Chn pht biu khng ng. A. Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong cng chu k u c s lp e bng nhau. B. Tnh cht ha hc ca cc nguyn t trong chu k khng hon ton ging nhau. C. Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong cng phn nhm c s e lp ngoi cng bng nhau. D. Tnh cht ha hc ca cc nguyn t trong cng nhm bao gi cng ging nhau. Cu 62: C 3 nguyn t s p u l 12, s khi ln lt l 24, 25, 26. Chn cu sai. A. Cc nguyn t trn l nhng ng v. B. Cc nguyn t trn u cng 1 nguyn t. C. Chng c s ntron ln lt: 12, 13, 14. D. S th t l 24, 25, 26 trong bng HTTH. Cu 63: Trong bng HTTH hin nay, s chu k nh (ngn) v chu k ln (di) l A. 3 v 3 B. 3 v 4 C. 4 v 3 D. 3 v 6 Cu 64: Chu k cha nhiu nguyn t nht trong bng HTTH hin nay vi s lng nguyn t l A. 18 B. 28 C. 32 D. 24 Cu 65: Nguyn t thuc phn nhm chnh nhm VII (VIIA) cn gi l A. kim loi kim B. kim loi kim th C. halogen D. kh him Cu 66: Cu hnh e ca nguyn t X: 1s22s22p63s23p5. Hp cht vi hiro v oxit cao nht c dng A. HX, X2O7 B. H2X, XO3 C. XH4, XO2 D. H3X, X2O5 Cu 67: Hp cht vi hiro ca nguyn t X c cng thc XH3. Bit % v khi lng ca oxi trong oxit cao nht ca X l 56,34%. Nguyn t khi ca X l A. 14 B. 31 C. 32 D. 52 Cu 68: Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t Y l YO3. Trong hp cht vi hiro ca Y, hiro chim 5,88% v khi lng. Y l nguyn t A. O B. P C. S D. Se Cu 69: Tnh cht hoc i lng vt l no sau y, bin thin tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t ? (1) bn knh nguyn t; (2) tng s e; (3) tnh kim loi; (4) tnh ph kim; (5) m in; (6) nguyn t khi A. (1), (2), (5) B. (3), (4), (6) C. (2), (3), (4) D. (1), (3), (4), (5)

Cu 70: Trong chu k, nguyn t thuc nhm no c nng lng ion ha nh nht ? A. Phn nhm chnh nhm I (IA). B. Phn nhm chnh nhm II (IIA). C. Phn nhm chnh nhm III (IIIA). D. Phn nhm chnh nhm VII (VIIA). Cu 71: Trong cng mt phn nhm chnh, khi s hiu nguyn t tng dn th A. nng lng ion ha gim dn. B. nguyn t khi gim dn. C. tnh kim loi gim dn. D. bn knh nguyn t gim dn. Cu 72: m in l i lng c trng cho kh nng ca nguyn t A. ht e khi to lin kt ha hc. B. y e khi to thnh lin kt ha hc. C. tham gia cc phn ng ha hc. D. nhng hoc nhn e khi to lin kt. Cu 73: Halogen c m in ln nht l A. flo B. clo C. brom D. iot Cu 74: Dy nguyn t no sau y c xp ng theo th t gim dn m in ? A. F, O, P, N. B. O, F, N, P. C. F, O, N, P. D. F, N, O, P. Cu 75: Chn oxit c tnh baz mnh nht A. BeO B. CO2 C. BaO D. Al2O3 Cu 76: Cho oxit cc nguyn t thuc chu k 3: Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, P2O5, SO3, Cl2O7. Theo trt t trn, cc oxit c A. tnh axit tng dn. B. tnh baz tng dn. C. % khi lng oxi gim dn. D. tnh cng ha tr gim dn. Cu 77: Cc ion A2- v B2- u c cu hnh bn ca kh him. S hiu nguyn t hn km nhau 8 n v, thuc 2 chu k lin tip. A v B l A. C v Si B. N v P C. S v Se D. O v S Cu 78: Chn th t tng dn bn knh nguyn t ca cc kim loi kim A. Li< Na< K< Rb< Cs B. Cs< Rb< K< Na< Li C. Li< K< Na< Rb< Cs D. Li< Na< K< Cs< Rb Cu 79: Xp Al, Si, Na, K, Mg theo chiu bn knh nguyn t tng dn. A. K, Na, Mg, Al, Si B. Si, Al, Mg, Na, K C. Na, K, Mg, Si, Al D. Si, Al, Na, Mg, K Cu 80: Cc ion hoc cc nguyn t sau Cl-, Ar, Ca2+ u c 18e. Xp chng theo chiu bn knh gim dn. A. Ar, Ca2+, ClB. Cl-, Ca2+, Ar 2+ C. Cl , Ar, Ca D. Ca2+, Ar, ClCu 81: Nguyn t no sau y c tnh phi kim mnh nht ? A. I B. Cl C. F D. Br Cu 82: Tnh cht no sau y ca cc nguyn t gim dn t tri sang phi trong 1 chu k A. m in B. tnh kim loi C. tnh phi kim D. s oxi ha trong oxit Cu 83: Trong bng HTTH, cc nguyn t c tnh phi kim in hnh v tr A. pha di bn tri B. pha trn bn tri C. pha trn bn phi D. pha di bn phi Cu 84: Cc nguyn t h d v f (phn nhm B) u l A. kim loi in hnh B. kim loi C. phi kim D. phi kim in hnh Cu 85: Tnh axit ca cc oxit axit thuc phn nhm chnh V (VA) theo trt t gim dn l A. H3SbO4, H3AsO4, H3PO4, HNO3 B. HNO3, H3PO4, H3SbO4, H3AsO4 C. HNO3, H3PO4, H3AsO4, H3SbO4 D. H3AsO4, H3PO4, H3SbO4, HNO3 Cu 86: Trong cc hidroxit sau, cht no c tnh baz mnh nht ? A. Be(OH)2 B. Ba(OH)2 C. Mg(OH)2 D. Ca(OH)2 Cu 87: Dy cht no sau y c sp xp ng theo th t tnh axit gim dn ? A. H2SiO3, HAlO2, H3PO4, H2SO4, HClO4 B. HClO4, H3PO4, H2SO4, HAlO2, H2SiO3 C. HClO4, H2SO4, H3PO4, H2SiO3, HAlO2 D. H2SO4, HClO4, H3PO4, H2SiO3, HAlO2 Cu 88: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t X l 1s22s22p63s1. Bit rng X c s khi l 24 th trong ht nhn ca X c: A. 24 proton B. 11 proton, 13 ntron C. 11 proton, 11 s ntron D. 13 proton, 11 ntron Cu 89: Mt nguyn t (X) c 13 proton trong ht nhn. Khi lng ca proton trong ht nhn nguyn t X l: A. 78,26.1023 g B. 21,71.10-24 g C. 27 vC D. 27 g Cu 90: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron phn lp p l 11. Nguyn t X l: A. nguyn t s B. nguyn t p C. nguyn t d D. nguyn t f Cu 91:Electron thuc lp no sau y lin kt km cht ch vi ht nhn nht? A. lp K B. lp L C. lp M D. lp N Cu 92:Nguyn t lu hunh S nm th 16 trong bng h thng tun hon. Bit rng cc electron ca nguyn t S c phn b trn 3 lp electron (K, L, M). S electron lp L trong nguyn t lu hunh l:

A. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 2 Cu 93: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron cc phn lp s l 6 v tng s electron lp ngoi cng cng l 6, cho bit X l nguyn t ha hc no sau y? A. oxi(Z = 8) B. lu hunh (z = 16) C. Fe (z = 26) D. Cr (z = 24) Cu 94: Mt cation Rn- c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l 3p 6. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t B c th l A. 3p2 B. 3p3 C. 3p4 hoc 3p5 D. A, B, C u ng Cu 95: Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t R c tng s cc loi ht bng 82, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 22 ht. in tch ht nhn ca R l: A. 20 B. 22 C. 24 D. 26 Cu 96: Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t X c tng s cc loi ht bng 115. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 25 ht. K hiu nguyn t ca X l: 80 90 45 115 A. 35 X B. 35 X C. 35 X D. 35 X Cu 97: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht (p, n, e) bng 180. Trong cc ht mang in chim 58,89% tng s ht. Nguyn t X l nguyn t no? A. flo B. clo C. brom D. iot 2 Cu 98:Trong anion XY3 c 30 proton. Trong nguyn t X cng nh Y c s proton bng s ntron. X v Y l nguyn t no sau y? A. C v O B. S v O C. Si v O D. C v S Cu 99: Phn t MX3 c tng s ht proton, ntron v electron bng 196, trong ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60. Khi lng nguyn t ca X ln hn ca M l 8. Tng s ht trong X - nhiu hn trong M+ l 16. Cng thc ca MX3 l : A. CrCl3 B. FeCl3 C. AlCl3 D. SnCl3 Cu 100:Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t 29Cu l: A. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d9 B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d94s2 2 2 6 2 6 10 1 C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s D. 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d10 Cu 101:Cu hnh electron ca 4 nguyn t: 2 2 5 2 2 6 1 2 2 6 2 1 2 2 4 9X: 1s 2s 2p ; 11Y: 1s 2s 2p 3s ; 13Z: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p ; 8T: 1s 2s 2p . Ion ca 4 nguyn t trn l: A. X+, Y+, Z+, T2+ B. X-, Y+, Z3+, T223+ + C. X , Y , Z , T D. X+, Y2+, Z+, T2 2 Cu 102: Tng s electron trong anion AB3 l 40. Anion AB3 l:
2 2 2 2 A. SiO3 B. CO3 C. SO3 D. ZnO3 Cu 103:Mt cation Rn+ c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l 2p 6. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t B c th l A. 3s2 B. 3p1 C. 3s1 D. A, B, C u ng 12 13 16 11 18 Cu 104: Oxi c 3 ng v 18 O, 18 O, 18 O . Cacbon c hai ng v l: 6 C , 6 C . Hi c th c bao nhiu loi phn t kh cacbonic c to thnh gia cacbon v oxi? A. 11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 14 16 17 18 1 2 3 Cu 105: Hiro c 3 ng v 1 H , 1 H , 1 H v oxi c ng v 18 O, 18 O, 18 O . C th c bao nhiu phn t H 2O c to thnh t hiro v oxi? A. 16 B. 17 C. 18 D. 20 35 37 Cu 106: Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca clo l 35,5. Clo trong t nhin c 2 ng v l Cl v Cl . Phn trm v khi

37 1 lng ca 17 Cl cha trong HClO4 (vi hiro l ng v 1 H , oxi l ng v 16 8 O ) l gi tr no sau y? A. 9,40% B. 8,95% C. 9,67% D. 9,20% Cu 107:Hp cht M c to nn t cation X + v anion Y2-. Mi ion u c 5 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t to nn. Tng s proton trong X+ bng 11, cn tng s electron trong Y 2- l 50.Bit rng hai nguyn t trong Y2- cng phn nhm chnh v thuc hai chu k k tip nhau trong bng h thng tun hon. Cng thc phn t ca M l: A. (NH4)2SO4 B. NH4HCO3 C. (NH4)3PO4 D. (NH4)2SO3 Cu 108:Trong nhng hp cht sau y, cp cht no l ng v ca nhau: 40 40 16 17 A. 19 K v 18 Ar B. 18 O v 18 O C. O2 v O3 D. kim cng v than ch
A Cu 109:K hiu nguyn t Z X cho bit nhng iu g v nguyn t X? A. S hiu nguyn t. B. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nguyn t. C. S khi ca nguyn t. D. S hiu nguyn t v s khi.

Cu 110:Ta c 2 k hiu

234 92

U v

235 92

U , nhn xt no sau y l ng?

A. C hai cng thuc v nguyn t urani. B. Mi nhn nguyn t u c 92 proton. C. Hai nguyn t khc nhau v s electron. D. A, B u ng. A Cu 111:Trong k hiu Z X th: A. A l s khi xem nh gn bng khi lng nguyn t X. B. Z l s proton trong nguyn t X. C. Z l s electron lp v. D. C A, B, C u ng. Cu 112: Mi obitan nguyn t cha ti a: A. 1 electron B. 2 electron C. 3 electron D. 4 electron Cu 113:Pht biu no sau y l sai: A. S hiu nguyn t bng in tch ht nhn nguyn t. B. S proton trong nguyn t bng s ntron. C. S proton trong ht nhn bng s electron lp v nguyn t. D. S khi ca ht nhn nguyn t bng tng s ht proton v s ht ntron. Cu 114: Mnh no sau y khng ng? A. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t magi mi c t l gia s proton v ntron l 1 : 1. B. Ch c trong nguyn t magi mi c 12 electron. C. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t magi mi c 12 proton. D. Nguyn t magi c 3 lp electron. Cu 115: Obitan nguyn t l A. Khu vc khng gian xung quanh ht nhn m ta c th xc nh v tr electron ti tng thi im. B. Khu vc khng gian xung quanh ht nhn m ta c th xc nh c v tr ca 2 electron cng mt lc. C. Khu vc khng gian xung quanh ht nhn trong kh nng c mt electron l ln nht. D. Khu vc khng gian xung quanh ht nhn c dng hnh cu hoc hnh s tm ni Cu 116: Gi thit trong tinh th cc nguyn t st l nhng hnh cu chim 75% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l cc khe rng gia cc qu cu, cho KLNT ca Fe l 55,85 200C khi lng ring ca Fe l 7,78g/cm3. Cho Vh/c = r3..Bn knh nguyn t gn ng ca Fe l: A. 1,44.10-8 cm khc. Cu 117: Trong cc cu hnh electron sau, cu hnh no vit sai?
2 2 1 A. 1s2 2s2 2 p x 2 p y 2 p z 2 1 C. 1s2 2s2 2 p x 2 p y 2 p 1 z 2 1 B. 1s2 2s2 2 p x 2 p y 1 1 1 D. 1s2 2s2 2 p x 2 p y 2 p z

C. 1,97.10-8 cm

B. 1,29.10-8 cm

D. Kt qu

Cu 118: Mt nguyn t R c 2 ng v c t l s nguyn t l 27/23. Ht nhn ca R c 35 ht proton. ng v th nht c 44 ht ntron, ng v th 2 c s khi nhiu hn ng v th nht l 2. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca nguyn t R l bao nhiu? A. 79,2 A. 1s2 cacbon nng gp 11,9059 ln khi lng ca nguyn t Hiro. Nu chn khi lng ca mt nguyn t ng v cacbon 12 lm n v th O, H c nguyn t khi l: A. 15,9672 v 1,01 B. 16,01 v 1,0079 C. 15,9672 v 1,0079 D. 16 v 1,0081 B. 79,8 B. 1s22s2 2p3 C. 79,92 C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s3 D. 80,5 D. 1s2 2s2 2p4 Cu 119: Cu hnh no sau y vi phm nguyn l pauli: Cu 120: Bit rng khi lng ca 1 nguyn t oxi nng gp 15,842 ln v khi lng ca nguyn t

Cu 121: N.t M c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p4. phn b electron trn cc obitan l:

A. C.

B.

D.

Cu 122: Trong cc nguyn t t c Z = 1 n Z = 20. C bao nhiu nguyn t m nguyn t c 1 eletron c thn A. 6. B. 4. C. 5. D. 7. Cu 123: Ht nhn ca ion X+ c in tch l 30,4.10-19 culng. Vy nguyn t l: A. Ar B. K C. Ca D. Cl Cu 124: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. Nguyn t ca nguyn t Y c tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht mang in ca X l 8. X v Y l cc nguyn t: A. Al v Br B. Al v Cl C. Mg v Cl D. Si v Br. Cu 125: Hai nguyn t t A, B ng k tip nhau trong mt chu k ca bng tun hon c tng s n v in tch ht nhn l 25. A, B l A. Li, Be B. Mg, Al C. K, Ca D. Na, K Cu 126: Nguyen t X, ion Y2+ va ion Z- eu co cau hnh e la 1s 22s22p6. X, Y, Z la kim loai, phi kim hay kh hiem? A. X: Phi kim; Y: Kh hiem; Z: Kim loai. B. X: Kh hiem; Y: Phi kim; Z: Kim loai . C. X: Kh hiem; Y: Kim loai; Z: Phi kim. D. X: Kh hiem; Y: Phi kim; Z: Kim loai . Cu 127: So electron trong cac ion sau: NO3- , NH4+ , HCO3- , H+ , SO42- theo th t la: A. 32, 12, 32, 1, 50 B. 31,11, 31, 2, 48 C. 32, 10, 32, 2, 46 D. 32, 10, 32, 0, 50. Cu 128: Nguyen to Cu co nguyen t khoi trung bnh la 63,54 co 2 ong v X va Y, biet tong so khoi la 128. So nguyen t ong v X = 0,37 so nguyen t ong v Y. Vay so ntron cua ong v Y t hn so ntron cua ong v X la: A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 1 Cu 129: Trong phan t MX2 .Trong o M chiem 46,67% ve khoi lng. Hat nhan M co so ntron nhieu hn so proton la 4 hat. Trong nhan X so ntron bang so proton. Tong so proton trong phan t MX2 la 58. CTPT cua MX2 la A. FeS2 B. NO2 C. SO2 D. CO2 Cu 130: Nguyen t cua nguyen to R co tong so hat p,n,e bang 18 va so hat khong mang ien bang trung bnh cong cua tong so hat mang ien.Vay so electron oc than cua nguyen t R la A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 131: Day nao sau ay c sap xep theo th t giam dan cua ban knh nguyen t va ion? Chon ap an ung: 2+ A . K+ > Ca2+ > Ar B. Ar > Ca > K+ C. Ar> K+> Ca2+ D. Ca2+> K+> Ar. Cu 132: Hp chat co cong thc phan t la M2X vi :Tong so hat c ban trong mot phan t la 116, trong o so hat mang ien nhieu hn so hat khong mang ien la 36. Khoi lng nguyen t cua X ln hn M la 9. Tong so hat trong X 2- nhieu hn trong M+ la 17. So khoi cua M, X lan lt la : A. 23, 32 B. 22, 30 C. 23, 34 D. 39, 16 Cu 133: Cho nguyn t R, Ion X2+, va ion Y2- co so electron lp vo bang nhau. S sap xep ban knh nguyn t nao sau ay la ung. A. R < X2+ < Y2-. B. X2+ < R < Y2C. X2+ < Y2-< R. D. Y2- < R < X2+. Cu 134: Trong cc nguyn t t Z =22 n Z = 30. Nguyn t no c nhiu electron c thn nht: A. Z =22 B. Z =24 C. Z =25 D. Z =26. Cu 135: Nguyen to X thuoc loi nguyen to d, nguyen t X co 5 electron hoa tr va lp electron ngoai cung thuoc lp N. Cau hnh electron cua X la: A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2 B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d3 C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s2 D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p3. Cu 136: Mot nguyen t X cua mot nguyen to co ien tch cua hat nhan la 27,2.10 -19 Culong. Hat nhan cua nguyen t co khoi lng la 58,45.10 -27 kg. Cho cac nhan nh sau ve X: (1). Ion tng ng cua X se co cau truc la: 1s 22s22p63s23p6. (3). X co 1 electron oc than. (2). X co tong so obitan cha e la: 10. (4). X la mot kim loi. Co bao nhieu nhan nh khong ung trong cac nhan nh cho tren: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 137: Hai nguyn t t X, Y hai nhm A lin tip trong bng tun hon. X thuc nhm V. trng thi n cht X v Y khng phn ng vi nhau. Tng s proton trong ht nhn ca X v Y bng 23. Hai nguyn t X, Y l A. N, O B. N, S C. P, O D. P, S

Cu 138: A v B l hai nguyn t t trong cng mt nhm v hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon. Tng s ht proton trong ht nhn ca A v B l 32. Hai nguyn t l A. Mg v Ca B. O v S C. N v Si D. C v Si Cu 139: Trong c c nguy n t c Z = 1 n Z = 20. C bao nhiu nguyn t m nguyn t c 2 eletron c thn A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. Cu 140: Trong nguyn t, electron ha tr l cc electron A. c thn. B. phn lp ngoi cng. C. obitan ngoi cng. D. tham gia to lin kt ha hc. Cu 141: S e ha tr trong nguyn t clo (Z = 17) l A. 5 B. 7 C. 3 D. 1 Cu 142: S e ha tr trong nguyn t crom (Z = 24) l A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 4 Cu 143: Bn cht ca lin kt ion l lc ht tnh in gia A. 2 ion. B. 2 ion dng v m. C. cc ht mang in tri du. D. nhn v cc e ha tr. Cu 144: Lin kt ion to thnh gia hai nguyn t A. kim loi in hnh. B. phi kim in hnh. C. kim loi v phi kim. D. kim loi in hnh v phi kim in hnh. Cu 145: Nhm hp cht no sau y u l hp cht ion ? A. H2S, Na2O. B. CH4, CO2. C. CaO, NaCl. D. SO2, KCl. Cu 146: in ha tr ca Mg v Cl trong MgCl2 theo th t l A. 2 v 1. B. 2+ v 1-. C. +2 v -1. D. 2+ v 2Cu 147: Hu ht cc hp cht ion A. c nhit nng chy v nhit si cao. B. d ha tan trong cc dung mi hu c. C. trng thi nng chy khng dn in. D. tan trong nc thnh dung dch khng in li. Cu 148: Cho m in: Be (1,5), Al (1,5), Mg (1,2), Cl (3,0), N (3,0), H (2,1), S (2,5), O (3,5). Cht no sau y c lin kt ion ? A. H2S, NH3. B. BeCl2, BeS. C. MgO, Al2O3. D. MgCl2, AlCl3. Cu 149: Nguyn t c s hiu 20, khi to thnh lin kt ha hc s A. mt 2e to thnh ion c in tch 2+. B. nhn 2e to thnh ion c in tch 2-. C. gp chung 2e to thnh 2 cp e chung. D. gp chung 1e to thnh 1 cp e chung. Cu 150: Lin kt cng ha tr l lin kt gia 2 nguyn t A. phi kim, c to thnh do s gp chung e. B. khc nhau, c to thnh do s gp chung e. C. c to thnh do s gp chung 1 hay nhiu e. D. c to thnh t s cho nhn e gia chng. Cu 151: Chn hp cht c lin kt cng ha tr. A. NaCl, CaO. B. HCl, CO2. C. KCl, Al2O3. D. MgCl2, Na2O. Cu 152: Lin kt cng ha tr c cc to thnh gia hai nguyn t A. phi kim khc nhau. B. cng mt phi kim in hnh. C. phi kim mnh v kim loi mnh. D. kim loi v kim loi. Cu 153: Loi lin kt trong phn t kh hiroclorua l lin kt A. cho nhn. B. cng ha tr c cc. C. cng ha tr khng cc. D. ion Cu 154: Cng ha tr ca Cl v O trong Cl2O7, theo th t l A. 7 v 2. B. 2 v 7. C. 4 v 1. D. 1 v 2. + Cu 155: Cng ha tr ca N trong phn t HNO3 v NH4 (theo th t) l A. 5 v 4. B. 4 v 4. C. 3 v 4. D. 4 v 3 Cu 156: Cho cc phn t sau: LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl lin kt trong phn t mang nhiu tnh Ion nht l: A. CsCl B. LiCl v NaCl C. KCl D. RbCl Cu 157: a s cc hp cht cng ha tr c c im l A. c th ha tan trong dung mi hu c. B. nhit nng chy v nhit si cao. C. c kh nng dn in khi th lng hoc nng chy. D. khi ha tan trong nc thnh dd in li. Cu 158: Chn cu sai: A. in ha tr c trong hp cht ion. B. in ha tr bng s cp e dng chung. C. Cng ha tr c trong hp cht cng ha tr. D. Cng ha tr bng s cp e dng chung. Cu 159: Nhm hp cht no sau y c lin kt cho nhn ? A. NaCl, CO2. B. HCl, MgCl2. C. H2S, HCl. D. NH4NO3, HNO3. Cu 160: Chn cu sai: Lin kt cho nhn A. l trng hp c bit ca lin kt cng ha tr. B. vi cp e chung ch do 1 nguyn t ng gp. C. biu din bng mi tn t nguyn t cho n nguyn t nhn.

D. to thnh gia nguyn t kim loi mnh v phi kim mnh. Cu 161: Phn t no c lin kt cng ha tr khng cc ? A. HCl B. Cl2 C. NH3 Cu 162: Lin kt no phn cc nht ? A. H2O B. NH3 C. NCl3

D. H2O D. CO2

Cu 163: Cho cc oxit: Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, P2O5, SO3, Cl2O7. Dy cc hp cht trong phn t ch gm lin kt cng ho tr l: A. SiO2, P2O5, SO3, Cl2O7 B. SiO2, P2O5, Cl2O7, Al2O3 C. Na2O, SiO2, MgO, SO3 D. SiO2, P2O5, SO3, Al2O3 Cu 164: Xt oxit cc nguyn t thuc chu k 3, oxit c lin kt ion l A. Na2O, MgO, Al2O3. B. SiO2, P2O5, SO3. C. SO3, Cl2O7, Cl2O D. Al2O3, SiO2, SO2. 2 5 Cu 165: Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t l ns np . Lin kt ca cc nguyn t ny vi nguyn t hiro thuc loi lin kt no sau y? A. Lin kt cng ho tr khng cc. B. Lin kt cng ho tr c cc. C. Lin kt ion. D. Lin kt tinh th. Cu 166: Chn cu sai. A. Kim cng thuc loi tinh th nguyn t. B. Trong tinh th nguyn t, cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt cng ha tr. C. Lin kt trong tinh th nguyn t rt bn. D. Tinh th nguyn t c nhit nng chy v si thp. Cu 167: Chn cht c tinh th phn t. A. iot, nc , kali clorua. B. iot, naphtalen, kim cng. C. nc , naphtalen, iot. D. than ch, kim cng, silic. Cu 188: Chn cht c dng tinh th ion. A. mui n. B. than ch. C. nc . D. iot. Cu 169: S lng cc kiu tinh th in hnh l A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 170: Chn cu sai: Trong tinh th phn t A. lc lin kt gia cc phn t yu. B. Lin kt gia cc phn t l lin kt cng ha tr. C. v tr nt mng l cc phn t. D. cc phn t sp xp theo mt trt t xc nh. Cu 171: Cht no sau y c lin kt hiro gia cc phn t ? A. H2O, HF B. H2S , HCl C. SiH4, CH4 D. PH3, NH3 Cu 172: Nhit si ca H2O cao hn so vi H2S l do A. phn t khi ca H2O nh hn. B. di lin kt trong H2O ngn hn trong H2S. C. gia cc phn t nc c lin kt hidro. D. s phn cc lin kt trong H2O ln hn. Cu 173: So vi N2, kh NH3 tan c nhiu trong nc hn v A. NH3 c lin kt cng ha tr phn cc. B. NH3 to c lin kt hiro vi nc. C. NH3 c phn ng mt phn vi nc. D. trong phn t NH3 ch c lin kt n. Cu 174: Ging nhau gia lin kt ion v lin kt kim loi l A. u c to thnh do sc ht tnh in. B. u c s cho v nhn cc e ha tr. C. u c s gp chung cc e ha tr. D. u to thnh cc cht c nhit nng chy cao. Cu 175: Ging nhau gia lin kt cng ha tr v lin kt kim loi l A. u c nhng cp e dng chung. B. u to thnh t nhng e chung gia cc nguyn t. C. u l nhng lin kt tng i km bn. D. u to thnh cc cht c nhit nng chy thp. Cu 176: Nu lin kt cng ha tr c hnh thnh do 2 electron ca mt nguyn t v 1 obitan trng ca nguyn t khc th lin kt c gi l: A. lin kt cng ha tr c cc B. lin kt cho nhn C. lin kt t do - ph thuc D. lin kt pi Cu 177: Trong cc cht sau y, cht no c lin kt cng ho tr? 1. H2S 2. SO2 3. NaCl 4. CaO 5. NH3 6. HBr 7. H2SO4 8. CO2 9. K2S A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 B. 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 C. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 D. 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Cu 178: Cc cht trong dy no sau y ch c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc? A. HCl, KCl, HNO3, NO. B. NH3, KHSO4, SO2, SO3. C. N2, H2S, H2SO4, CO2. D.CH4, C2H2, H3PO4, NO2 Cu 179: Dy phn t no cho di y u c lin kt cng ho tr khng phn cc?

A. N2, CO2, Cl2, H2. C. N2, HI, Cl2, CH4.

B. N2, Cl2, H2, HCl. D. Cl2, O2. N2, F2

Cu 180: Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca ba nguyn t X, Y, Z ln lt l: 1s22s22p63s1; 1s22s22p63s23p64s1; 1s22s1.

Nu xp theo chiu tng dn tnh kim loi th cch sp xp no sau y ng A. Z < X < Y. B. Y < Z < X. C. Z < Y < X. D. X=Y=Z.
Cu 179: Trong cc nhm A (tr nhm VIIIA) theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn th A. tnh phi kim tng , m in gim B. tnh kim loi tng , m in gim C. tnh kim loi tng ; I1 tng D. tnh phi kim tng , bn knh nguyn t tng Cu 180: C 2 nguyn t X (Z = 19); Y (X = 17) hp cht to bi X v Y c cng thc v kiu lin kt l A. XY, lin kt ion B. X2Y , lin kt ion C. XY, lin kt cng ha tr c cc D. XY2, lin kt cng ha tr c cc Cu 181: Ion X2- c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 2s22p6. Nguyn t X c v tr A. th 10 chu k 2 nhm VIIIA B. th 8 , chu k 2 nhm VIA C. th 12 chu k 3 nhm IIA D. th 9 chu k 2 nhm VIIA Cu 182: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron:1s22s22p63s23p4. Cng thc oxit cao nht v cng thc hp cht vi hidro ca X l: A. XO2 v XH4 B. XO3 v XH2 C. X2O5 v XH3 D. X2O7 v XH Cu 183: Nguyn t C trong hp cht CH4 c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 184: Dy cc nguyn t no sau y c xp theo chiu tnh kim loi tng dn: A. Al, Mg, Na, K . B. Mg, Al, Na, K. C. K, Na, Mg, Al. D. Na, K, Mg,Al. Cu 185: Nguyn t O trong hp cht H2O c kiu lai ha: A. sp2 B. sp3 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 186: Cc nguyn t P, N trong hp cht PH3, NH3 c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 187: Nguyn t C trong hp cht C2H2 c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 188: Nguyn t C trong hp cht C2H4 c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 189: Nguyn t B trong hp cht BF3 c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 190: Nguyn t Be trong hp cht BeH2 c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 191: Nguyn t C trong tinh th kim cng c kiu lai ha: A. sp3 B. sp2 C. sp D. khng lai ha. Cu 192: Hnh dng ca cc phn t metan, boflorua, nc, berihirua, amoniac tng ng l A. t din, tam gic,thng, gp khc, chp. B. t din, gp khc, tam gic, thng, chp. C. tam gic, gp khc, thng, chp t din. D. t din, tam gic, gp khc, thng, chp. Cu 193: Cho cc cht NaCl, CH4, Al2O3, K2S, MgCl2. S cht c lin kt ion l ( m in ca K: 0,82; Al: 1,61; S: 2,58; Cl: 3,16 v O: 3,44; Mg:1,31; H:2,20; C:2,55) A. 3. B. 2. C. 1. D. 4. Cu 194: Tnh cht chung ca tinh th phn t l A. Bn vng, kh bay hi, kh nng chy. B. Rt cng, nhit nng chy, nhit si kh cao C.. Mm, d nng chy, d bay hi. D. Do, dn in, dn nhit, c nh kim. Cu 195: Tng s ht proton, electron, ntron ca nguyn t ca mt nguyn t thuc nhm IIIA l 40..S hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t l A. 12. B. 13. C. 11. D. 14. Cu 196: Nguyn tc no sp xp cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon sau y l sai ? A. Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng dn ca khi lng nguyn t. B. Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn. C. Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong nguyn t c xp thnh mt hng. D. Cc nguyn t c cng s electron ho tr trong nguyn t c xp thnh mt ct . Cu 197: Theo quy lut bin i tnh cht cc n cht trong bng tun hon th A. Phi kim mnh nht l iot. B. Kim loi mnh nht l Li. C. Phi kim mnh nht l oxi. D. Phi kim mnh nht l flo. Cu 198: Tnh kh ca cc hirohalogenua HX (X: F, Cl, Br, I) tng dn theo dy no sau y? A. HF < HCl < HBr < HI. B. HCl < HF < HBr < HI.

C. HF < HI < HBr < HF. D. HI < HBr < HCl < HF. Cu 199: Tnh cht baz ca dy cc hiroxit : NaOH, Mg(OH) 2, Al(OH)3 bin i theo chiu no sau y ? A. Tng. B. Gim. C. Khng thay i. D. Va gim va tng.

0 B C B A B A A C B C D C B D C D /A C A

1 C A D A B B D A C D B D B C B B A B A

2 D B C C C A D A B B A B D C A A C B D

3 B A B D B B B A C B D B B B A B A B A D

4 C C C B B C C B D B A B B D A A A A C

5 C B B D B B C A C D C C B A C B B B B B

6 B D C B B D A A B A D B C B B A D B A A

7 A B A B D A B D C D A B D B A A C C C D

8 D D B B B C C A B A B C A A C B A D B A

9 C C A A C B D B B C D C A B A D C D/B B B

Cu 200: Nguyn t v tr no trong bng tun hon c cu hnh electron ha tr l 3d 104s1 ? A. Chu k 4, nhm IB. B. Chu k 4, nhm IA. C.Chu k 4, nhm VIA. D. Chu k 4, nhm VIB. P N