You are on page 1of 132

N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun

LI NI U
Hin nay, vi b mn Vt L, hnh thc thi trc nghim khch
quan c p dng trong cc k thi tt nghip v tuyn sinh i hc,
cao ng cho lp 12, cn vi lp 10 v lp 11 th ty theo tng
trng, c trng s dng hnh thc kim tra trc nghim t lun, c
trng s dng hnh thc kim tra trc nghim khch quan, cng c
trng s dng c hai hnh thc ty theo tng chng, tng phn.
Tuy nhin d kim tra vi hnh thc g i na th cng cn phi nm
vng nhng kin thc c bn mt cch c h thng mi lm tt c
cc bi kim tra, bi thi.
gip cc em hc sinh n tp mt cch c h thng nhng kin
thc ca chng trnh Vt l lp 11 Ban c bn, gim ti, ti xin
tm tt li phn l thuyt trong sch gio khoa, trong ti liu chun
kin thc v tuyn chn ra mt s bi tp t lun v mt s cu trc
nghim khch quan theo tng phn trong sch gio khoa, sch bi
tp v mt s sch tham kho. Hy vng tp ti liu ny s gip ch
c mt cht g cho cc qu ng nghip trong qu trnh ging
dy (c th dng lm ti liu dy t chn, dy ph o) v cc em
hc sinh trong qu trnh hc tp, kim tra, thi c.
Ni dung ca tp ti liu c tt c cc chng ca sch gio khoa
Vt l 11 - Chng trnh c bn. Mi chng l mt phn ca ti liu
(ring 2 chng: VI. Khc x nh sng, VII. Mt v cc dng c
quang c gp li thnh mt phn l Quang hnh). Mi phn c:
Tm tt l thuyt;
Cc cng thc;
Bi tp t lun;
Trc nghim khch quan.
Cc bi tp t lun trong mi phn u c hng dn gii v p
s, cn cc cu trc nghim khch quan trong tng phn th ch c
p n, khng c li gii chi tit ( bn c t gii).
D c nhiu c gng trong vic su tm, bin son nhng chc
chn trong tp ti liu ny khng trnh khi nhng s sut, thiu st.
Rt mong nhn c nhng nhn xt, gp ca cc qu ng nghip,
cc bc ph huynh hc sinh, cc em hc sinh v cc bn c chnh
sa li thnh mt tp ti liu hon ho hn.
Xin chn thnh cm n.
1
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
2
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
I. TNH IN
A. TM TT L THUYT
1. Hai loi in tch
+ C hai loi in tch: in tch dng (+) v in tch m (-).
+ Cc in tch cng du th y nhau, tri du th ht nhau.
+ n v in tch l culng (C).
2. S nhim in ca cc vt
+ Nhim in do c xt: hai vt khng nhim in khi c xt vi
nhau th c th lm chng nhim in tri du nhau.
+ Nhim in do tip xc: cho thanh kim loi khng nhim in
chm vo qu cu nhim in th thanh kim loi nhim in cng
du vi in tch ca qu cu. a thanh kim loi ra xa qu cu th
thanh kim loi vn cn nhim in.
+ Nhim in do hng ng: a thanh kim loi khng nhim in
n gn qu cu nhim in nhng khng chm vo qu cu, th hai
u thanh kim loi s nhim in. u gn qu cu hn nhim in
tri du vi in tch ca qu cu, u xa hn nhim in cng du
vi in tch ca qu cu. a thanh kim loi ra xa qu cu th thanh
kim loi tr v trng thi khng nhim in nh lc u.
3. nh lut Culng
+ ln ca lc tng tc gia hai in tch im ng yn t l
thun vi tch cc ln ca hai in tch v t l nghch vi bnh
phng khong cch gia chng.
F = k.
2
2 1
.
| |
r
q q

; k = 9.10
9

2
2
C
Nm
; l hng s in mi ca mi
trng; trong chn khng (hay gn ng l trong khng kh) th = 1.
+ Vc t lc tng tc gia hai in tch im:
C im t trn mi in tch;
C phng trng vi ng thng ni hai in tch;
C chiu: y nhau nu cng du, ht nhau nu tri du;
C ln: F =
2
2 1
9
.
| | 10 . 9
r
q q

.
+ Lc tng tc gia nhiu in tch im ln mt in tch im:

+ + +
n
F F F F ...
2 1
4. Thuyt electron
+ Bnh thng tng i s tt c cc in tch trong nguyn t bng
khng, nguyn t trung ho v in.
3
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ Nu nguyn t mt bt electron th tr thnh ion dng; nu
nguyn t nhn thm electron th tr thnh ion m.
+ Khi lng electron rt nh nn linh ng ca electron rt ln.
V vy electron d dng bt khi nguyn t, di chuyn trong vt hay
di chuyn t vt ny sang vt khc lm cc vt b nhim in.
+ Vt nhim in m l vt tha electron; vt nhim in dng l
vt thiu electron.
+ Vt dn in l vt cha nhiu in tch t do. Vt cch in (in
mi) l vt cha rt t in tch t do.
Gii thch hin tng nhim in:
- Do c xt hay tip xc m cc electron di chuyn t vt ny sang
vt kia.
- Do hng ng m cc electron t do s di chuyn v mt pha ca
vt (thc cht y l s phn b li cc electron t do trong vt) lm
cho pha d electron tch in m v pha ngc li thiu electron nn
tch in dng.
5. nh lut bo ton in tch
+ Mt h c lp v in, ngha l h khng trao i in tch vi cc
h khc th, tng i s cc in tch trong h l mt hng s.
+ Khi cho hai vt tch in q
1
v q
2
tip xc vi nhau ri tch chng
ra th in tch ca chng s bng nhau v l q
/
1
= q
/
2
=
2
2 1
q q +
.
6. in trng
+ in trng l mi trng vt cht tn ti xung quanh cc in
tch.
+ Tnh cht c bn ca in trng l n tc dng lc in ln in
tch t trong n.
+ in trng tnh l in trng do cc in tch ng yn gy ra.
+ Vc t cng in trng gy bi mt in tch im:
C im t ti im ta xt;
C phng trng vi ng thng ni in tch vi im ta xt;
C chiu: hng ra xa in tch nu l in tch dng, hng v
pha in tch nu l in tch m;
C ln: E =
2
9
.
| | 10 . 9
r
q

.
+ n v cng in trng l V/m.
+ Nguyn l chng cht in trng:
n E E E E

+ + + ... 2 1
.
4
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ Lc tc dng ca in trng ln in tch:

F
= q

E
.
+ ng sc in l ng c v trong in trng sao cho hng
ca tip tuyn ti bt k im no trn ng sc cng trng vi
hng ca vc t cng in trng ti im .
+ Tnh cht ca ng sc:
- Ti mi im trong in trng ta c th v c mt ng sc
in v ch mt m thi. Cc ng sc in khng ct nhau.
- Cc ng sc in trng tnh l cc ng khng khp kn.
- Ni no cng in trng ln hn th cc ng sc in
s c v mau hn (dy hn), ni no cng in trng nh
hn th cc ng sc in s c v tha hn.
+ Mt in trng m cng in trng ti mi im u bng
nhau gi l in trng u.
in trng u c cc ng sc in song song v cch u
nhau.
7. Cng ca lc in in th Hiu in th
+ Cng ca lc in tc dng ln mt in tch khng ph thuc vo
dng ng i ca in tch m ch ph thuc vo im u v im
cui ca ng i trong in trng, do ngi ta ni in trng
tnh l mt trng th.
A
MN
= q.E.MN.cos = qEd
+ in th ti mt im M trong in trng l i lng c trng
ring cho in trng v phng din to ra th nng khi t ti
mt in tch q. N c xc nh bng thng s gia cng ca lc
in tc dng ln q khi q di chuyn t M ra v cc v ln ca q.
V
M
=
q
A
M
+ Hiu in th gia hai im M, N trong in trng c trng cho
kh nng sinh cng ca in trng trong s di chuyn ca mt in
tch t M n N. N c xc nh bng thng s gia cng ca lc
in tc dng ln in tch q trong s di chuyn ca q t M n N v
ln ca q.
U
MN
= V
M
V
N
=
q
A
MN
+ n v hiu in th l vn (V).
+ H thc gia cng in trng v hiu in th: E =
d
U
.
5
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ Ch c hiu in th gia hai im trong in trng mi c gi tr
xc nh cn in th ti mi im trong in trng th ph thuc
vo cch chn mc ca in th.
8. T in
+ T in l mt h hai vt dn t gn nhau v ngn cch nhau bng
mt lp cch in. Mi vt dn gi l mt bn ca t in.
+ T in dng cha in tch.
+ T in l dng c c dng ph bin trong cc mch in xoay
chiu v cc mch v tuyn. N c nhim v tch v phng in
trong mch in.
+ ln in tch trn mi bn ca t in khi tch in gi l
in tch ca t in.
+ in dung ca t in C =
U
Q
l i lng c trng cho kh nng
tch in ca t in mt hiu in th nht nh.
+ n v in dung l fara (F).
+ in dung ca t in phng C =
d
S

4 . 10 . 9
9
.
Trong S l din tch ca mi bn (phn i din); d l khong
cch gia hai bn v l hng s in mi ca lp in mi chim
y gia hai bn.
+ Mi t in c mt hiu in th gii hn. Khi hiu in th gia
hai bn t vt qu hiu in th gii hn th lp in mi gia hai
bn t b nh thng, t in b hng.
+ Ghp cc t in
* Ghp song song:
U = U
1
= U
2
= = U
n
;
Q = q
1
+ q
2
+ + q
n
;
C = C
1
+ C
2
+ + C
n
.
* Ghp ni tip:
Q = q
1
= q
2
= = q
n
;
U = U
1
+ U
2
+ + U
n
;
n
C C C C
1
...
1 1 1
2 1
+ + +
.
+ Nng lng t in tch in: W =
2
1
QU =
2
1
C
Q
2
=
2
1
CU
2
.
6
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
B. CC CNG THC
+ Lc tng tc gia hai in tch im: F =
2
2 1
9
.
| | . 10 . 9
r
q q

.
+ Lc tng tc ca nhiu in tch ln mt in tch:

+ + +
n
F F F F ...
2
.
+ Cng in trng gy bi mt in tch im: E =
2
9
.
| | . 10 . 9
r
q

.
+ Nguyn l chng cht in trng:

+ + +
n
E E E E ...
2 1
.
+ Lc in trng tc dng ln in tch im:

E q F
.
+ Cng ca lc in trng: A = q(V
B
V
C
) = qU
BC
.
+ Lin h gia E v U trong in trng u: E =
d
U
;
Vc t

E
hng t ni c in th cao sang ni c in th thp.
+ in dung ca t in C =
U
Q
.
+ in dung ca t in phng C =
d
S

4 . 10 . 9
9
.
+ Cc t in ghp song song:
U = U
1
= U
2
= = U
n
;
Q = q
1
+ q
2
+ + q
n
;
C = C
1
+ C
2
+ + C
n
;
in dung ca b t ghp song song ln hn in dung ca cc t
thnh phn; ghp song song tng in dung ca b t.
+ Cc t in ghp ni tip:
Q = q
1
= q
2
= = q
n
;
U = U
1
+ U
2
+ + U
n
;
n
C C C C
1
...
1 1 1
2 1
+ + +
;
in dung ca b t ghp ni tip nh hn in dung ca mi t
thnh phn; ghp ni tip tng hiu in th gii hn ca b t.
+ Nng lng t in tch in: W =
2
1
QU =
2
1
C
Q
2
=
2
1
CU
2
.
+ nh l ng nng: W

= A.
7
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
C. BI TP T LUN
1. Hai qu cu nh ging nhau bng kim loi A v B t trong khng
kh, c in tch ln lt l q
1
= - 3,2.10
-7
C v q
2
= 2,4.10
-7
C, cch
nhau mt khong 12 cm.
a) Xc nh s electron tha, thiu mi qu cu v lc tng tc
in gia chng.
b) Cho hai qu cu tip xc in vi nhau ri t v ch c. Xc
nh lc tng tc in gia hai qu cu sau .
2. Hai in tch q
1
v q
2
t cch nhau 20 cm trong khng kh, chng
y nhau vi mt lc F = 1,8 N. Bit q
1
+ q
2
= - 6.10
-6
C v |q
1
| > |q
2
|.
Xc nh loi in tch ca q
1
v q
2
. V cc vc t lc tc dng ca
in tch ny ln in tch kia. Tnh q
1
v q
2
.
3. Hai in tch q
1
v q
2
t cch nhau 30 cm trong khng kh, chng
ht nhau vi mt lc F = 1,2 N. Bit q
1
+ q
2
= - 4.10
-6
C v |q
1
| < |q
2
|.
Xc nh loi in tch ca q
1
v q
2
. V cc vc t lc tc dng ca
in tch ny ln in tch kia. Tnh q
1
v q
2
.
4. Hai in tch q
1
v q
2
t cch nhau 15 cm trong khng kh, chng
ht nhau vi mt lc F = 4 N. Bit q
1
+ q
2
= 3.10
-6
C; |q
1
| < |q
2
|. Xc
nh loi in tch ca q
1
v q
2
. V cc vc t lc tc dng ca in
tch ny ln in tch kia. Tnh q
1
v q
2
.
5. Hai in tch im c ln bng nhau c t trong khng kh
cch nhau 12 cm. Lc tng tc gia hai in tch bng 10 N. t
hai in tch trong du v a chng cch nhau 8 cm th lc tng
tc gia chng vn bng 10 N. Tnh ln cc in tch v hng s
in mi ca du.
6. Cho hai qu cu kim loi nh, ging nhau, tch in v cch nhau
20 cm th chng ht nhau mt lc bng 1,2 N. Cho chng tip xc
vi nhau ri tch chng ra n khong cch nh c th chng y
nhau vi lc y bng lc ht. Tnh in tch lc u ca mi qu
cu.
7. Ti 2 im A, B cch nhau 10 cm trong khng kh, t 2 in tch
q
1
= q
2
= - 6.10
-6
C. Xc nh lc in trng do hai in tch ny tc
dng ln in tch q
3
= -3.10
-8
C t ti C. Bit AC = BC = 15 cm.
8. Ti hai im A v B cch nhau 20 cm trong khng kh, t hai in
tch q
1
= -3.10
-6
C, q
2
= 8.10
-6
C. Xc nh lc in trng tc dng
ln in tch q
3
= 2.10
-6
C t ti C. Bit AC = 12 cm, BC = 16 cm.
9. C hai in tch im q v 4q t cch nhau mt khong r. Cn t
in tch th ba Q u v c du nh th no h ba in tch
nm cn bng? Xt hai trng hp:
8
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
a) Hai in tch q v 4q c gi c nh.
b) hai in tch q v 4q t do.
10. Hai qu cu nh ging nhau bng kim loi, c khi lng 5 g,
c treo vo cng mt im O bng hai si dy khng dn, di
10 cm. Hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau. Tch in cho mt qu cu th
thy hai qu cu y nhau cho n khi hai dy treo hp vi nhau mt
gc 60
0
. Tnh in tch truyn cho qu cu. Ly g = 10 m/s
2
.
11. Hai qu cu nh c cng khi lng m, cng in tch q, c
treo trong khng kh vo cng mt im O bng hai si dy mnh
(khi lng khng ng k) cch in, khng co dn, cng chiu di
l. Do lc y tnh in chng cch nhau mt khong r (r << l).
a) Tnh in tch ca mi qu cu.
b) p dng s: m = 1,2 g; l = 1 m; r = 6 cm. Ly g = 10 m/s
2
.
12. Ti 2 im A v B cch nhau 10 cm trong khng kh c t 2 in
tch q
1
= q
2
= 16.10
-8
C. Xc nh cng in trng do hai in
tch ny gy ra ti im C bit AC = BC = 8 cm. Xc nh lc in
trng tc dng ln in tch q
3
= 2.10
-6
C t ti C.
13. Ti hai im A v B cch nhau 10 cm trong khng kh c t hai
in tch q
1
= - q
2
= 6.10
-6
C. Xc nh cng in trng do hai
in tch ny gy ra ti im C bit AC = BC = 12 cm. Tnh lc in
trng tc dng ln in tch q
3
= -3.10
-8
C t ti C.
14. Ti 2 im A, B cch nhau 20 cm trong khng kh c t 2 in
tch q
1
= 4.10
-6
C, q
2
= -6,4.10
-6
C. Xc nh cng in trng do
hai in tch ny gy ra ti im C bit AC = 12 cm; BC = 16 cm.
Xc nh lc in trng tc dng ln q
3
= -5.10
-8
C t ti C.
15. Ti hai im A v B cch nhau 10 cm trong khng kh c t hai
in tch q
1
= - 1,6.10
-6
C v q
2
= - 2,4.10
-6
C. Xc nh cng
in trng do 2 in tch ny gy ra ti im C. Bit AC = 8 cm, BC
= 6 cm.
16. Ti hai im A, B cch nhau 15 cm trong khng kh c t hai
in tch q
1
= -12.10
-6
C, q
2
= 2,5.10
-6
C.
a) Xc nh cng in trng do hai in tch ny gy ra ti
im C. Bit AC = 20 cm, BC = 5 cm.
b) Xc nh v tr im M m ti cng in trng tng
hp do hai in tch ny gy ra bng 0.
17. Ti hai im A, B cch nhau 20 cm trong khng kh c t hai
in tch q
1
= - 9.10
-6
C, q
2
= - 4.10
-6
C.
a) Xc nh cng in trng do hai in tch ny gy ra ti
im C. Bit AC = 30 cm, BC = 10 cm.
9
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
b) Xc nh v tr im M m ti cng in trng tng
hp do hai in tch ny gy ra bng 0.
18. t 4 in tch c cng ln q ti 4 nh ca mt hnh vung
ABCD cnh a vi in tch dng t ti A v C, in tch m t ti
B v D. Xc nh cng tng hp ti giao im hai ng cho
ca hnh vung.
19. t 4 in tch c cng ln q ti 4 nh ca mt hnh vung
ABCD cnh a vi in tch dng t ti A v D, in tch m t ti
B v C. Xc nh cng tng hp ti giao im hai ng cho
ca hnh vung.
20. Ti 3 nh ca mt hnh vung cnh a t 3 in tch dng cng
ln q. Xc nh cng in trng tng hp do 3 in tch gy
ra ti nh th t ca hnh vung.
21. Ti 3 nh A, B, C ca mt hnh vung cnh a t 3 in tch
dng cng ln q. Trong in tch ti A v C dng, cn in
tch ti B m. Xc nh cng in trng tng hp do 3 in tch
gy ra ti nh D ca hnh vung.
22. Hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= q > 0 t ti hai im A v B trong khng
kh cch nhau mt khong AB = 2a. Xc nh vc t cng in
trng ti im M nm trn ng trung trc ca on AB v cch
trung im H ca on AB mt on x.
23. Hai in tch q
1
= - q
2
= q > 0 t ti hai im A v B trong khng
kh cch nhau mt khong AB = a. Xc nh vc t cng in
trng ti im M nm trn ng trung trc ca AB v cch trung
im H ca on AB mt khong x.
24. A, B, C l ba im to thnh tam gic
vung ti A t trong in trng u c
E
//
BA
nh hnh v. Cho = 60
0
; BC = 10 cm v
U
BC
= 400 V.
a) Tnh U
AC
, U
BA
v E.
b) Tnh cng thc hin dch chuyn in
tch q = 10
-9
C t A n B, t B n C v t A
n C.
c) t thm C mt in tch im q = 9.10
-10
C. Tm cng
in trng tng hp ti A.
25. Mt prtn bay trong in trng. Lc prtn im A th vn
tc ca n bng 2,5.10
4
m/s. Khi bay n B vn tc ca prtn bng
khng. in th ti A bng 500 V. Tnh in th ti B. Bit prtn c
khi lng 1,67.10
-27
kg v c in tch 1,6.10
-19
C.
10
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
26. Mt electron di chuyn mt on 0,6 cm, t im M n im N
dc theo mt ng sc in th lc in sinh cng 9,6.10
-18
J.
a) Tnh cng m lc in sinh ra khi electron di chuyn tip 0,4 cm
t im N n im P theo phng v chiu ni trn.
b) Tnh vn tc ca electron khi n im P. Bit ti M, electron
khng c vn tc ban u. Khi lng ca electron l 9,1.10
-31
kg.
27. Mt ht bi nh c khi lng m = 0,1 mg, nm l lng trong
in trng gia hai bn kim loi phng. Cc ng sc in c
phng thng ng v chiu hng t di ln trn. Hiu in th
gia hai bn l 120 V. Khong cch gia hai bn l 1 cm. Xc nh
in tch ca ht bi. Ly g = 10 m/s
2
.
28. Mt t in phng khng kh c in dung 20 pF. Tch in cho
t in n hiu in th 250 V.
a) Tnh in tch v nng lng in trng ca t in.
b) Sau tho b ngun in ri tng khong cch gia hai bn t
in ln gp i. Tnh hiu in th gia hai bn khi .
29. Cho b t c mc nh hnh v. Trong : C
1
= C
2
= C
3
= 6 F;
C
4
= 2 F; C
5
= 4 F; q
4
= 12.10
-6
C.
a) Tnh in dung tng ng ca b t.
b) Tnh in tch, hiu in th trn tng
t v hiu in th gia hai u on mch.
30. Cho b t c mc nh hnh v. Trong
C
1
= C
2
= 2 F; C
3
= 3 F; C
4
= 6F; C
5
=
C
6
= 5 F. U
3
= 2 V. Tnh:
a) in dung ca b t.
b) Hiu in th v in tch trn tng t.
HNG DN GII
1. a) S electron tha qu cu A: N
1
=
19
7
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 2 , 3

= 2.10
12
electron.
S electron thiu qu cu B: N
2
=
19
7
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 4 , 2

= 1,5.10
12
electron.
Lc tng tc in gia chng l lc ht v c ln:
F = 9.10
9
2
2 1
| |
r
q q
= 48.10
-3
N.
11
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
b) Khi cho hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau ri tch ra, in tch ca
mi qu cu l: q
1
= q
2
= q =
2
2 1
q q +
= - 0,4.10
-7
C; lc tng tc
in gia chng by gi l lc ht v c ln:
F = 9.10
9
2
'
2
'
1
| |
r
q q
= 10
-3
N.
2. Hai in tch y nhau nn chng cng du; v q
1
+ q
2
< 0 nn
chng u l in tch m.
Ta c: F = 9.10
9
2
2 1
| |
r
q q
|q
1
q
2
| =
9
2
10 . 9
Fr
= 8.10
-12
; v q
1
v q
2
cng du
nn |q
1
q
2
| = q
1
q
2
= 8.10
-12
(1) v q
1
+ q
2
= - 6.10
-6
(2). T (1) v (2) ta
thy q
1
v q
2
l nghim ca phng trnh:
x
2
+ 6.10
-6
x + 8.10
-12
= 0

'

6
2
6
1
10 . 4
10 . 2
x
x
. Kt qu

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 4
10 . 2
hoc

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 2
10 . 4
.
V |q
1
| > |q
2
| q
1
= - 4.10
-6
C; q
2
= - 2.10
-6
C.
3. Hai in tch ht nhau nn chng tri du; v q
1
+ q
2
< 0 v |q
1
|
< |q
2
| nn q
1
> 0; q
2
< 0.
Ta c: F = 9.10
9
2
2 1
| |
r
q q
|q
1
q
2
| =
9
2
10 . 9
Fr
= 12.10
-12
; v q
1
v q
2
tri du
nn |q
1
q
2
| = - q
1
q
2
= 12.10
-12
(1) v q
1
+ q
2
= - 4.10
-6
(2). T (1) v (2)
ta thy q
1
v q
2
l nghim ca phng trnh:
x
2
+ 4.10
-6
x - 12.10
-12
= 0

'

6
2
6
1
10 . 6
10 . 2
x
x
. Kt qu

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 6
10 . 2
hoc

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 2
10 . 6
.
V |q
1
| < |q
2
| q
1
= 2.10
-6
C; q
2
= - 6.10
-6
C.
4. Hai in tch ht nhau nn chng tri du;
v q
1
+ q
2
> 0 v |q
1
| < |q
2
| nn q
1
< 0; q
2
> 0.
Vc t lc tng tc in gia hai in tch:
Ta c: F = 9.10
9
2
2 1
| |
r
q q
|q
1
q
2
| =
9
2
10 . 9
Fr
= 12.10
-12
; v q
1
v q
2
tri du
nn |q
1
q
2
| = - q
1
q
2
= 12.10
-12
(1) v q
1
+ q
2
= - 4.10
-6
(2).
12
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
T (1) v (2) ta thy q
1
v q
2
l nghim ca phng trnh:
x
2
+ 4.10
-6
x - 12.10
-12
= 0

'

6
2
6
1
10 . 6
10 . 2
x
x
. Kt qu

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 6
10 . 2
hoc

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 2
10 . 6
.
V |q
1
| < |q
2
| q
1
= 2.10
-6
C; q
2
= - 6.10
-6
C.
5. Khi t trong khng kh: |q
1
| = |q
2
| =
9
2
10 . 9
Fr
= 4.10
-12
C.
Khi t trong du: = 9.10
9
2
2 1
| |
Fr
q q
= 2,25.
6. Hai qu cu ht nhau nn chng tch in tri du.
V in tch tri du nn:
|q
1
q
2
| = - q
1
q
2
=
9
2
10 . 9
Fr
=
12
10 .
3
16

q
1
q
2
= -
12
10 .
3
16

(1).

2
2 1
2

,
_

+ q q
=
9
2
10 . 9
Fr
=
12
10 .
9
48

q
1
+ q
2
= t
6
10 .
3
192

(2).
T (1) v (2) ta thy q
1
v q
2
l nghim ca cc phng trnh:
3x
2
t
192
.10
-6
x - 16.10
-12
= 0

'

6
2
6
1
10 . 58 , 5
10 . 96 , 0
x
x
hoc

'

6
2
6
1
10 . 58 , 5
10 . 96 , 0
x
x

Kt qu:

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 58 , 5
10 . 96 , 0
hoc

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 96 , 0
10 . 58 , 5

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 58 , 5
10 . 96 , 0
hoc

'

C q
C q
6
2
6
1
10 . 96 , 0
10 . 58 , 5
7. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
tc dng ln in tch q
3
cc lc

1
F
v

2
F
c phng chiu nh hnh v, c
ln: F
1
= F
2
= 9.10
9
2
3 1
| |
AC
q q
= 72.10
-3
N.
Lc tng hp do q
1
v q
2
tc dng ln q
3
l:

F
=

1
F
+

2
F
; c phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
F = F
1
cos + F
2
cos = 2F
1
cos
13
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
= 2.F
1
.
AC
AH AC
2 2

136.10
-3
N.
8. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
tc dng ln
in tch q
3
cc lc

1
F
v

2
F
c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
F
1
= 9.10
9
2
3 1
| |
AC
q q
= 3,75 N;
F
2
= 9.10
9
2
3 2
| |
BC
q q
= 5,625 N.
Lc tng hp do q
1
v q
2
tc dng ln q
3
l:

F
=

1
F
+

2
F
; c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln: F =
2
2
2
1
F F +
6,76 N.
9. a) Trng hp cc in tch q v 4q c gi c nh: v q v 4q
cng du nn cp lc do q v 4q tc dng ln q l cp lc trc i
th Q phi nm trn on thng ni im t q v 4q. Gi x l khong
cch t q n Q ta c: 9.10
9
2
| |
x
qQ
= 9.10
9
2
) (
| 4 |
x r
qQ

x =
3
r
.
Vy Q phi t cch q khong cch
3
r
v cch 4q khong cch
3
2r
; vi q c ln v du ty .
b) Trng hp cc in tch q v 4q t do: ngoi iu kin v
khong cch nh cu a th cn c thm cc iu kin: cp lc do Q
v 4q tc dng ln q phi l cp lc trc i, ng thi cp lc do q
v Q tc dng ln 4q cng l cp lc trc i. tha mn cc iu
kin th Q phi tri du vi q v:
9.10
9
.
2
3
| . |

,
_

r
Q q
= 9.10
9
2
| 4 . |
r
q q
Q = -
9
4q
.
10. Khi truyn cho mt qu cu in tch q th do tip xc, mi qu
cu s nhim in tch
2
q
, chng y nhau v khi v tr cn bng
mi qu cu s chu tc dng ca 3 lc: trng lc

P
, lc tnh in

F
v sc cng si dy

T
, khi :
14
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
tan
2

=
P
F
=
mg
r
q
2
2
9
4
10 . 9
q
2
=
9
2
10 . 9
2
tan 4

mg r
. V tan
2

=
l
r
2

r = 2l tan
2

.
Nn: |q| =
9
3 2
10 . 9
)
2
( tan 16

mgl
= 4.10
-7
C.
11. a) v tr cn bng mi qu cu s chu tc dng ca 3 lc: trng
lc

P
, lc tnh in

F
v sc cng si dy

T
, khi :
tan =
P
F
=
mg
r
kq
2
2
=
2
2
mgr
kq
(1).
Mt khc, v r << l nn l rt nh, do :
tan sin =
l
r
2
(2).
T (1) v (2) suy ra |q| =
lk
mgr
2
3
.
b) Thay s: |q| = 1,2.10
-8
C.
12. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti C cc vc t
cng in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c phng chiu
nh hnh v, c ln:
E
1
= E
2
= 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AC
q
= 225.10
3
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti C do cc
in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c phng chiu nh hnh v;
c ln: E = E
1
cos + E
2
cos = 2E
1
cos
15
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
= 2E
1
.
AC
AH AC
2 2

351.10
3
V/m.
Lc in trng tng hp do q
1
v q
3
tc dng ln q
3
l:

F
= q
3

E
.
V q
3
> 0, nn

F
cng phng cng chiu vi

E
v c ln:
F = |q
3
|E = 0,7 N.
13. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti C cc vc t cng in
trng

1
E
v

2
E
c phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
1
= E
2
= 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AC
q
= 375.10
4
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti C do cc
in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c
phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E = E
1
cos + E
2
cos = 2E
1
cos
= 2E
1
.
AC
AH
312,5.10
4
V/m.
Lc in trng tng hp do q
1
v q
3
tc
dng ln q
3
l:

F
= q
3

E
.
V q
3
< 0, nn

F
cng phng ngc chiu vi

E
v c ln:
F = |q
3
|E = 0,094 N.
14. Tam gic ABC vung ti C. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti C cc
vc t cng in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
1
= 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AC
q
= 25.10
5
V/m;
E
2
= 9.10
9
2
2
| |
BC
q
= 22,5.10
5
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti C do cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy
ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E =
2
2
2
1
E E +
33,6.10
5
V/m.
Lc in trng tng hp do q
1
v q
3
tc dng ln q
3
l:

F
= q
3

E
.
V q
3
< 0, nn

F
cng phng ngc chiu vi

E
v c ln:
16
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
F = |q
3
|E = 0,17 N.
15. Tam gic ABC vung ti C. Cc
in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti C cc vc t
cng in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
1
= 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AC
q
= 255.10
4
V/m;
E
2
= 9.10
9
2
2
| |
BC
q
= 600.10
4
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti C do cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy
ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E =
2
2
2
1
E E +
64.10
5
V/m.
16. a) Cc in tch
q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti C
cc vc t cng
in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E
1
= 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AC
q
= 27.10
5
V/m; E
2
= 9.10
9
2
2
| |
BC
q
= 108.10
5
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti C do cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy
ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E = E
2
E
1
= 81.10
5
V/m.
b) Gi

'
1
E
v

'
2
E
l cng in trng do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M
th cng in trng tng hp do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M l:

E
=

'
1
E
+

'
2
E
=

0


'
1
E
= -

'
2
E

'
1
E
v

'
2
E
phi cng phng,
ngc chiu v bng nhau
v ln. tha mn cc
iu kin th M phi nm
trn ng thng ni A, B; nm ngoi on thng AB v gn q
2
hn.
Vi E
1
= E
2
th 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AM
q
= 9.10
9
2
2
) (
| |
AB AM
q


| |
| |
2
1
q
q
AB AM
AM

= 2 AM = 2AB = 30 cm.
17
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Vy M nm cch A 30 cm v cch B 15 cm; ngoi ra cn c cc
im cch rt xa im t cc in tch q
1
v q
2
cng c cng
in trng bng 0 v cng in trng do cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra u xp x bng 0.
17. a) Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti C cc vc t cng
in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c
phng chiu nh hnh v;
c ln: E
1
= 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AC
q
= 9.10
5
V/m;
E
2
= 9.10
9
2
2
| |
BC
q
= 36.10
5
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti C do cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c phng chiu nh hnh v;
c ln: E = E
2
+ E
1
= 45.10
5
V/m.
b) Gi

'
1
E
v

'
2
E
l cng in trng do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M
th cng in trng tng hp do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M l:

E
=

'
1
E
+

'
2
E
=

0


'
1
E
= -

'
2
E

'
1
E
v

'
2
E
phi cng phng, ngc
chiu v bng nhau v ln. tha
mn cc iu kin th M phi nm
trn ng thng ni A, B; nm trong on thng AB.
Vi E
/
1
= E
/
2
th 9.10
9
2
1
| |
AM
q
= 9.10
9
2
2
) (
| |
AM AB
q


| |
| |
2
1
q
q
AM AB
AM

=
2
3
AM =
5
3AB
= 12 cm.
Vy M nm cch A 12 cm v cch B 8 cm; ngoi ra cn c cc
im cch rt xa im t cc in tch q
1
v q
2
cng c cng in trng bng 0
v cng in trng do cc in
tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra u xp x bng 0.
18. Cc in tch t ti cc nh ca hnh
vung gy ra ti giao im O ca hai ng
18
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
cho hnh vung cc vc t cng in trng

A
E
,

B
E
,

C
E
,

D
E
c phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
A
= E
B
= E
C
= E
D
=
2
2
a
kq

.
Cng in tng tng hp ti O l:

E
=

A
E
+

B
E
+

C
E
+

D
E
=

0
; v

A
E
+

C
E
=

0
v

B
E
+

D
E
=

0
.
19. Cc in tch t ti cc nh ca hnh
vung gy ra ti giao im O ca hai ng
cho hnh vung cc vc t cng in
trng

A
E
,

B
E
,

C
E
,

D
E
; c phng chiu
nh hnh v, c ln:
E
A
= E
B
= E
C
= E
D
=
2
2
a
kq

.
Cng in tng tng hp ti O l:

E
=

A
E
+

B
E
+

C
E
+

D
E
C phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln: E = 4E
A
cos45
0
=
2
2 4
a
kq

.
20. Cc in tch t ti cc nh A, B,
C ca hnh vung gy ra ti nh D ca
hnh vung cc vc t cng in
trng

A
E
,

B
E
,

C
E
; c phng chiu
nh hnh v, c ln:
E
A
= E
C
=
2
a
kq

; E
B
=
2
2 a
kq

.
Cng in trng tng hp ti D l:

E
=

A
E
+

B
E
+

C
E
;
c phng chiu nh hnh v; c
ln:
E = 2E
B
cos45
0
+ E
A
=
) 1 2 2 (
2
+
kq
.
21. Cc in tch t ti cc nh A, B,
C ca hnh vung gy ra ti nh D ca
19
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
hnh vung cc vc t cng in trng

A
E
,

B
E
,

C
E
; c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
B
= E
C
=
2
a
kq

; E
A
=
2
2 a
kq

.
Cng in trng tng hp ti D l:

E
=

A
E
+

B
E
+

C
E
; c
phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E = 2E
B
cos45
0
+ E
A
=
) 1 2 2 (
2

kq
.
22. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M cc vc
t cng in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c phng
chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
1
= E
2
=
) (
2 2
x a
kq
+
.
Cng in trng tng hp ti M do cc
in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
; c phng chiu nh hnh v; c
ln:
E = E
1
cos + E
2
cos = 2E
1
cos = 2E
1
.
2 2
x a
x
+
=
( )
2
3
2 2
x a
kqx
+
.
23. Cc in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M cc
vc t cng in trng

1
E
v

2
E
c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
E
1
= E
2
=
) (
2 2
x a
kq
+
.
Cng in trng tng hp ti M do cc
in tch q
1
v q
2
gy ra l:

E
=

1
E
+

2
E
;
c phng chiu nh hnh v; c ln:
E = E
1
cos + E
2
cos = 2E
1
cos
20
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
= 2E
1
.
2 2
x a
a
+
=
( )
2
3
2 2
x a
kqa
+
24. a) U
AC
= E.AC.cos90
0
= 0.
U
BA
= U
BC
+ U
CA
= U
BC
= 400 V.
E =
cos . BC
U
BC
= 8.10
3
V/m.
b) A
AB
= qU
AB
= -qU
BA
= -4.10
-7
J.
A
BC
= qU
BC
= 4.10
-7
J.
A
AC
= qU
AC
= 0.
c) in tch q t ti C s gy ra ti
A vc t cng in trng

/
E
c phng chiu nh hnh v; c
ln: E
/
= 9.10
9
2
| |
CA
q
= 9.10
9
2
) sin . (
| |
BC
q
= 5,4.10
3
V/m.
Cng in trng tng hp ti A l:

A
E
=

E
+

/
E
; c phng
chiu nh hnh v, c ln: E
A
=
2 2
' E E +
= 9,65.10
3
V/m.
25. Ta c: W

= W
B
- W
A
= -
2
1
mv
2
= A = q(V
A
V
B
)
V
B
= V
A
+
q
mv
2
2
= 503,26 V.
26. a) A
MN
= q.E.MN E =
MN q
A
MN
.
= - 10
4
V/m; du - cho bit

E

ngc chiu chuyn ng ca electron (c mc nhin chn lm
chiu dng); A
NP
= q.E.NP = 6,4.10
-18
J.
b) Ta c: W

= W
P
W
M
=
2
1
mv
2
P
= A
MP
= A
MN
+ A
NP
v
p
=
m
A A
NP MN
) ( 2 +
= 5,93.10
6
m/s.
27. Ht bi nm cn bng nn lc in trng cn bng vi trng lc.
Lc in trng phi c phng thng ng v hng ln, do ht
bi phi mang in tch dng (lc in

F
cng phng, cng chiu
vi

E
). Ta c: qE = q
d
U
= mg q =
U
mgd
= 8,3.10
-11
C.
21
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
28. a) q = CU = 5.10
-9
C; W =
2
1
CU
2
= 625.10
-9
J.
b) C =
kd
S

4
; C =
d k
S
2 4

=
2
C
= 10 pF; q = q; U =
'
'
C
q
= 500 V.
29. Phn tch on mch: ((C
1
nt C
2
nt C
3
) // C
4
) nt C
5
.
a) C
123
=
1 3 3 2 2 1
3 2 1
C C C C C C
C C C
+ +
= 2 F; C
1234
= C
123
+ C
4
= 4 F;
C =
5 1234
5 1234
C C
C C
+
= 2 F.
b) U
4
= U
123
= U
1234
=
4
4
C
q
= 6 V;
q
1234
= q
5
= Q = C
1234
U
1234
= 24.10
-6
C; U
5
=
5
5
C
q
= 6 V;
q
123
= q
1
= q
2
= q
3
= C
123
.U
123
= 12.10
-6
C;
U
1
=
1
1
C
q
= 2 V = U
2
= U
3
; U
AB
=
C
Q
= 12 V.
30. Phn tch on mch: (((C
2
nt C
3
nt C
4
) // C
5
) nt C
1
) // C
6
.
a) C
234
=
2 4 4 3 3 2
4 3 2
C C C C C C
C C C
+ +
= 1 F; C
2345
= C
234
+ C
5
= 6 F;
C
12345
=
2345 1
2345 1
C C
C C
+
= 1,5 F; C = C
12345
+ C
6
= 6,5 F;
b) q
3
= q
2
= q
4
= q
234
= C
3
U
3
= 6.10
-6
C;
U
234
= U
5
= U
2345
=
234
234
C
q
= 6 V; q
5
= C
5
U
5
= 30.10
-6
C;
q
2345
= q
1
= q
12345
= C
2345
U
2345
= 36.10
-6
C; U
1
=
1
1
C
q
= 18 V;
U
12345
= U
6
= U
AB
=
12345
12345
C
q
= 24 V; q
6
= C
6
U
6
= 120. 10
-6
C.
22
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
1. C xt thanh bnit vo ming d, thanh bnit tch in m v
A. Electron chuyn t thanh bnit sang d.
B. Electron chuyn t d sang thanh bnit.
C. Prtn chuyn t d sang thanh bnit.
D. Prtn chuyn t thanh bnit sang d.
2. Hai ht bi trong khng kh, mi ht cha 5.10
8
electron cch nhau
2 cm. Lc y tnh in gia hai ht bng
A. 1,44.10
-5
N. B. 1,44.10
-6
N. C. 1,44.10
-7
N. D. 1,44.10
-9
N.
3. Nu tng khong cch gia hai in tch im ln 3 ln th lc
tng tc tnh in gia chng s
A. Tng 3 ln. B. Tng 9 ln. C. Gim 9 ln. D. Gim 3 ln.
4. Mt thanh bnit khi c xt vi tm d (c hai c lp vi cc vt
khc) th thu c in tch -3.10
-8
C. Tm d s c in tch
A. -3.10
-8
C. B. -1,5.10
-8
C. C. 3.10
-8
C. D. 0.
5. Lc ht tnh in gia hai in tch l 2.10
-6
N. Khi a chng xa
nhau thm 2 cm th lc ht l 5.10
-7
N. Khong cch ban u gia
chng l
A. 1 cm. B. 2 cm. C. 3 cm. D. 4 cm.
6. Cch biu din lc tng tc gia hai in tch ng yn no sau
y l sai?
A. B. C. D.
7. Hai in tch im ng yn trong khng kh cch nhau mt
khong r tc dng ln nhau lc c ln bng F. Khi a chng vo
trong du ho c hng s in mi = 2 v gim khong cch gia
chng cn
3
r
th ln ca lc tng tc gia chng l
A. 18F. B. 1,5F. C. 6F. D. 4,5F.
8. Hai in tch q
1
= q, q
2
= -3q t cch nhau mt khong r. Nu in
tch q
1
tc dng ln in tch q
2
c ln l F th lc tc dng ca
in tch q
2
ln q
1
c ln l
A. F. B. 3F. C. 1,5F. D. 6F.
9. Lc tng tc tnh in gia hai in tch im ng yn t cch
nhau mt khong 4 cm l F. Nu chng cch nhau 1 cm th lc
tng tc gia chng l
A. 4F. B. 0,25F. C. 16F. D. 0,5F.
23
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
10. Hai qu cu nh c kch thc ging nhau tch cc in tch l q
1
= 8.10
-6
C v q
2
= -2.10
-6
C. Cho hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau ri t
chng cch nhau trong khng kh cch nhau 10 cm th lc tng tc
gia chng c ln l
A. 4,5 N. B. 8,1 N. C. 0.0045 N. D. 81.10
-5
N.
11. Cu pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Electron l ht s cp mang in tch 1,6.10
-19
C.
B. ln ca in tch nguyn t l 1,6.10
19
C.
C. in tch ht nhn bng mt s nguyn ln in tch nguyn t.
D. Tt c cc ht s cp u mang in tch.
12. a mt thanh kim loi trung ho v in t trn mt gi cch
in li gn mt qu cu tch in dng. Sau khi a thanh kim loi
ra tht xa qu cu th thanh kim loi
A. c hai na tch in tri du.
B. tch in dng.
C. tch in m.
D. trung ho v in.
13. Th nng ca mt electron ti im M trong in trng ca mt
in tch im l -3,2.10
-19
J. in th ti im M l
A. 3,2 V. B. -3,2 V. C. 2 V. D. -2 V.
14. Hai in tch dng q
1
= q v q
2
= 4q t ti hai im A, B trong
khng kh cch nhau 12 cm. Gi M l im ti , lc tng hp tc
dng ln in tch q
0
bng 0. im M cch q
1
mt khong
A. 8 cm. B. 6 cm. C. 4 cm. D. 3 cm.
15. Cng in trng do in tch +Q gy ra ti im A cch n
mt khong r c ln l E. Nu thay bng in tch -2Q v gim
khong cch n A cn mt na th cng in trng ti A c
ln l
A. 8E. B. 4E. C. 0,25E. D. E.
16. Ti im A trong mt in trng, vc t cng in trng
c hng thng ng t trn xung, c ln bng 5 V/m c t
in tch q = - 4.10
-6
C. Lc tc dng ln in tch q c
A. ln bng 2.10
-5
N, hng thng ng t trn xung.
B. ln bng 2.10
-5
N, hng thng ng t di ln.
C. ln bng 2 N, hng thng ng t trn xung.
D. ln bng 4.10
-6
N, hng thng ng t di ln.
24
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
17. Mt in tch im Q = - 2.10
-7
C, t ti im A trong mi
trng c hng s in mi = 2. Vc t cng in trng

E
do
in tch Q gy ra ti im B vi AB = 6 cm c
A. phng AB, chiu t A n B, ln 2,5.10
5
V/m.
B. phng AB, chiu t B n A, ln 1,5.10
4
V/m.
C. phng AB, chiu t B n A, ln 2,5.10
5
V/m.
D. phng AB, chiu t A n B, ln 2,5.10
4
V/m.
18. Cng in trng to bi mt in tch im cch n 2 cm
bng 10
5
V/m. Ti v tr cch in tch ny bng bao nhiu th cng
in trng bng 4.10
5
V/m?
A. 2 cm. B. 1 cm. C. 4 cm. D. 5 cm.
19. Hai in tch q
1
< 0 v
q
2
> 0 vi |q
2
| > |q
1
| t ti hai
im A v B nh hnh v (I l
trung im ca AB). im M
c in trng tng hp do
hai in tch ny gy ra bng 0 nm trn
A. AI. B. IB. C. By. D. Ax.
20. t 4 in tch c cng ln q ti 4 nh ca mt hnh vung
ABCD cnh a vi in tch dng ti A v C, in tch m ti B v
D. Cng in trng ti giao im ca hai ng cho ca hnh
vung c ln
A. E =
2
.
2 4
a
kq

. B. E =
2
.
4
a
kq

. C. E =
2
.
2
a
kq

. D. E = 0.
21. t hai in tch ti hai im A v B. cng in trng
do hai in tch gy ra ti trung im I ca AB bng 0 th hai in
tch ny
A. cng dng. B. cng m.
C. cng ln v cng du. D. cng ln v tri du.
22. Ti 3 nh ca hnh vung cnh a t 3 in tch dng cng
ln. Cng in trng do 3 in tch gy ra ti nh th t c
ln
A. E =
)
2
1
2 (
.
.
2

a
q k

. B. E =
)
2
1
2 (
.
.
2
+
a
q k

.
C. E =
2
.
.
2
a
q k

. D. E =
2
. 2
. 3
a
q k

.
25
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
23. Cu pht biu no sau y cha ng?
A. Qua mi im trong in trng ch v c mt ng sc.
B. Cc ng sc ca in trng khng ct nhau.
C. ng sc ca in trng bao gi cng l ng thng.
D. ng sc ca in trng tnh khng khp kn.
24. Qu cu nh khi lng m = 25 g, mang in tch q = 2,5.10
-9
C
c treo bi mt si dy khng dn, khi lng khng ng k v
t vo trong mt in trng u vi cng in trng

E
c
phng nm ngang v c ln E = 10
6
V/m. Gc lch ca dy treo
so vi phng thng ng l
A. 30
0
. B. 45
0
. C. 60
0
. D. 75
0
.
25. Cng ca lc in trng khi mt in tch di chuyn t im M
n im N trong in trng u l A = |q|Ed. Trong d l
A. chiu di MN.
B. chiu di ng i ca in tch.
C. ng knh ca qu cu tch in.
D. hnh chiu ca ng i ln phng ca mt ng sc.
26. Mt in tch im di chuyn dc theo ng sc ca mt in
trng u c cng in trng E = 1000 V/m, i c mt
khong d = 5 cm. Lc in trng thc hin c cng A = 15.10
-5
J.
ln ca in tch l
A. 5.10
-6
C. B. 15.10
-6
C. C. 3.10
-6
C. D. 10
-5
C.
27. Mt in tch q = 4.10
-6
C dch chuyn trong in trng u c
cng in trng E = 500 V/m trn qung ng thng s = 5 cm,
to vi hng ca vc t cng in trng gc = 60
0
. Cng
ca lc in trng thc hin trong qu trnh di chuyn ny v hiu
in th gia hai u qung ng ny l
A. A = 5.10
-5
J v U = 12,5 V.
B. A = 5.10
-5
J v U = 25 V.
C. A = 10
-4
J v U = 25 V.
D. A = 10
-4
J v U = 12,5 V.
28. Mt electron chuyn ng vi vn tc v
1
= 3.10
7
m/s bay ra t
mt im ca in trng c in th V
1
= 6000 V v chy dc theo
ng sc ca in trng n mt im ti vn tc ca electron
gim xung bng khng. in th V
2
ca in trng ti im l
A. 3441 V. B. 3260 V. C. 3004 V. D. 2820 V.
26
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
29. Hai in tch q
1
= 2.10
-6
C v q
2
= - 8.10
-6
C ln lt t ti hai
im A v B vi AB = 10 cm. Xc nh im M trn ng AB m
ti
2

E
= 4
1

E
.
A. M nm trong AB vi AM = 2,5 cm.
B. M nm trong AB vi AM = 5 cm.
C. M nm ngoi AB vi AM = 2,5 cm.
D. M nm ngoi AB vi AM = 5 cm.
30. Khi mt in tch q = -2 C di chuyn t im M n im N trong
in trng th lc in sinh cng -6 J, hiu in th U
MN
l
A. 12 V. B. -12 V. C. 3 V. D. -3 V.
31. Lc tng tc gia hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= -3.10
-9
C khi t cch
nhau 10 cm trong khng kh l
A. 8,1.10
-10
N. B. 8,1.10
-6
N. C. 2,7.10
-10
N. D. 2,7.10
-6
N.
32. Hai tm kim loi phng t song song, cch nhau 2 cm, nhim
in tri du. Mt in tch q = 5.10
-9
C di chuyn t tm ny n tm
kia th lc in trng thc hin c cng A = 5.10
-8
J. Cng
in trng gia hai tm kim loi l
A. 300 V/m. B. 500 V/m. C. 200 V/m. D. 400 V/m.
33. Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau
mt khong 4 cm th y nhau mt lc l 9.10
-5
N. lc y gia
chng l 1,6.10
-4
N th khong cch gia chng l
A. 1 cm. B. 2 cm. C. 3 cm. D. 4 cm.
34. Nu truyn cho qu cu trung ho v in 5.10
5
electron th qu
cu mang mt in tch l
A. 8.10
-14
C. B. -8.10
-14
C. C. -1,6.10
-24
C. D. 1,6.10
-24
C.
35. Hai in tch y nhau mt lc F khi t cch nhau 8 cm. Khi a
chng v cch nhau 2 cm th lc tng tc gia chng by gi l
A. 0,5F. B. 2F. C. 4F. D. 16F.
36. Cho mt hnh thoi tm O, cng in trng ti O trit tiu
khi ti bn nh ca hnh thoi t
A. cc in tch cng ln.
B. cc in tch cc nh k nhau khc du nhau.
C. cc in tch cc nh i din nhau cng du v cng ln.
D. cc in tch cng du.
37. Hai qu cu nh ging nhau, c in tch q
1
v q
2
khc nhau
khong cch R y nhau vi lc F
0
. Sau khi chng tip xc, t li
khong cch R chng s
A. ht nhau vi F < F
0
. B. ht nhau vi F > F
0
.
27
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
C. y nhau vi F < F
0
. D. y nhau vi F > F
0
.
38. Chn cu sai. Cng ca lc in trng lm dch chuyn in
tch
A. ph thuc vo hnh dng ng i.
B. ph thuc vo in trng.
C. ph thuc vo in tch dch chuyn.
D. ph thuc vo hiu in th hai u ng i.
39. Hai qu cu kim loi ging nhau c treo vo im O bng hai
si dy cch in, cng chiu di, khng co dn, c khi lng khng
ng k. Gi P = mg l trng lng ca mt qu cu, F l lc tng
tc tnh in gia hai qu cu khi truyn in tch cho mt qu cu.
Khi hai dy treo hp vi nhau gc vi
A. tan =
P
F
. B. sin =
P
F
.
C. tan
2

=
P
F
. D. sin
2

=
F
P
.
40. Th cho mt electron khng c vn tc ban u trong mt in
trng. Electron s
A. chuyn ng dc theo mt ng sc ca in trng.
B. chuyn ng t ni c in th cao sang ni c in th thp.
C. chuyn ng t ni c in th thp sang ni c in th cao.
D. ng yn.
41. Th cho mt ion dng khng c vn tc ban u trong mt in
trng. Ion dng s
A. chuyn ng dc theo mt ng sc ca in trng.
B. chuyn ng t ni c in th cao sang ni c in th thp.
C. chuyn ng t ni c in th thp sang ni c in th cao.
D. ng yn.
42. Hai qu cu c cng kch thc v cng khi lng, tch cc in
lng q
1
= 4.10
-11
C, q
2
= 10
-11
C t trong khng kh, cch nhau mt
khong ln hn bn knh ca chng rt nhiu. Nu lc hp dn gia
chng c ln bng lc y tnh in th khi lng ca mi qu
cu bng
A. 0,23 kg. B. 0,46 kg. C. 2,3 kg. D. 4,6 kg.
43. Hai vin bi st kch thc nh, mang cc in tch q
1
v q
2
, t
cch nhau mt khong r. Sau cc vin bi c phng in sao cho
in tch cc vin bi ch cn mt na in tch lc u, ng thi a
28
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
chng n cch nhau mt khong 0,25r th lc tng tc gia chng
tng ln
A. 2 ln. B. 4 ln. C. 6 ln. D. 8 ln.
44. Mt qu cu tch in +6,4.10
-7
C. Trn qu cu tha hay thiu
bao nhiu electron so vi s prtn qu cu trung ho v in?
A. Tha 4.10
12
electron. B. Thiu 4.10
12
electron.
C. Tha 25.10
12
electron. D. Thiu 25.10
13
electron.
45. Ti A c in tch im q
1
, ti B c in tch im q
2
. Ngi ta
tm c im M ti in trng bng khng. M nm trn on
thng ni A, B v gn A hn B. C th ni g v du v ln ca
cc in tch q
1
, q
2
?
A. q
1
, q
2
cng du; |q
1
| > |q
2
|. B. q
1
, q
2
khc du; |q
1
| > |q
2
|.
C. q
1
, q
2
cng du; |q
1
| < |q
2
|. D. q
1
, q
2
khc du; |q
1
| < |q
2
|.
46. Ti A c in tch im q
1
, ti B c in tch im q
2
. Ngi ta
tm c im M ti in trng bng khng. M nm ngoi on
thng ni A, B v gn B hn A. C th ni g v du v ln ca
q
1
, q
2
?
A. q
1
, q
2
cng du; |q
1
| > |q
2
|. B. q
1
, q
2
khc du; |q
1
| > |q
2
|.
C. q
1
, q
2
cng du; |q
1
| < |q
2
|. D. q
1
, q
2
khc du; |q
1
| < |q
2
|.
47. Mt h c lp gm 3 in tch im c khi lng khng ng k,
nm cn bng vi nhau. Tnh hung no di y c th xy ra?
A. Ba in tch cng du nm ba nh ca mt tam gic u.
B. Ba in tch cng du nm trn mt ng thng.
C. Ba in tch khng cng du nm 3 nh ca mt tam gic
u.
D. Ba in tch khng cng du nm trn mt ng thng.
48. Mt electron chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u 10
6
m/s dc theo
ng sc ca mt in trng u c mt qung ng 1 cm th
dng li. Cng in trng ca in trng u c ln
A. 284 V/m. B. 482 V/m. C. 428 V/m. D. 824 V/m.
49. Cng ca lc in tc dng ln in tch im q khi q di chuyn
t im M n im N trong in trng, khng ph thuc vo
A. v tr ca cc im M, N. B. hnh dng dng i t M n N.
C. ln ca in tch q. D. cng in trng ti M v N.
50. Khi mt in tch di chuyn trong mt in trng t mt im A
n mt im B th lc in sinh cng 2,5 J. Nu th nng ca q ti A
l 5 J th th nng ca q ti B l
A. - 2,5 J. B. 2,5 J. C. -7,5 J. D. 7,5J.
29
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
51. Mt electron bay t im M n im N trong mt in trng,
gia hai im c hiu in th U
MN
= 100 V. Cng m lc in
trng sinh ra s l
A. 1,6.10
-19
J. B. -1,6.10
-19
J. C. 1,6.10
-17
J. D. -1,6.10
-17
J.
52. Mt electron chuyn ng dc theo ng sc ca mt in
trng u c cng in trng E = 100 V/m vi vn tc ban
u 300 km/s theo hng ca vc t

E
. Hi electron chuyn ng
c qung ng di bao nhiu th vn tc ca n gim n bng
khng?
A. 1,13 mm. B. 2,26 mm. C. 5,12 mm. D. khng gim.
53. Khi mt in tch q = -2.10
-6
C di chuyn t im M n im N
trong in trng th lc in sinh cng -18.10
-6
J. Hiu in th gia
M v N l
A. 36 V. B. -36 V. C. 9 V. D. -9 V.
54. Mt electron c th khng vn tc ban u st bn m trong
in trng u gia hai bn kim loi phng tch in tri du.
Cng in trng gia hai bn l 100 V/m. Khong cch gia
hai bn l 1 cm. Tnh ng nng ca electron khi n n p vo
bn dng.
A. 1,6.10
-17
J. B. 1,6.10
-18
J. C. 1,6.10
-19
J. D. 1,6.10
-20
J.
55. Mt in tch chuyn ng trong in trng theo mt ng
cong kn. Gi cng ca lc in trong chuyn ng l A th
A. A > 0 nu q > 0. B. A > 0 nu q < 0.
C. A > 0 nu q < 0. D. A = 0.
56. Mt t in phng tch in n hiu in th U
1
= 300 V. Sau
khi ngt khi ngun in ngi ta gim khong cch gia 2 bn t
xung cn mt na. Lc ny hiu in th gia hai bn bng
A. 300 V. B. 600 V. C. 150 V. D. 0 V.
57. Sau khi ngt t in phng ra khi ngun in, ta tnh tin hai bn
khong cch gia chng tng ln hai ln. Khi nng lng in
trng trong t s
A. khng i. B. Gim 2 ln. C. tng 2 ln. D. tng 4 ln.
58. Mt t in phng khng kh c tch in nu a vo gia
hai bn mt tm thu tinh c hng s in mi = 3 th
A. Hiu in th gia hai bn khng i.
B. in tch ca t tng gp 3 ln.
C. in tch t in khng i.
D. in tch ca t gim 3 ln.
30
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
59. Mt t in phng khng kh c in dung C = 2.10
-3
F c
tch in n hiu in th U = 500 V. Ngt t ra khi ngun ri
nhng vo mt cht lng th hiu in th ca t bng U = 250 V.
Hng s in mi ca cht lng v in dung ca t lc ny l
A. = 2 v C = 8.10
-3
F. B. = 8 v C = 10
-3
F.
C. = 4 v C = 2.10
-3
F. D. = 2 v C = 4.10
-3
F.
60. Bn t in nh nhau, mi t c in dung C c ghp ni tip
vi nhau. in dung ca b t in bng
A. 4C. B. 2C. C. 0,5C. D. 0,25C.
61. Bn t in nh nhau, mi t c in dung C c ghp song
song vi nhau. in dung ca b t in bng
A. 4C. B. 2C. C. 0,5C. D. 0,25C.
62. Chn cu sai
A. Khi ni hai bn t vo hai cc ca mt ngun in khng i
th hai bn t u mt in tch.
B. Nu t in c tch in th in tch trn hai bn t lun
tri du v bng nhau v ln.
C. Hai bn t phi c t cch in vi nhau.
D. Cc bn ca t in phng phi l nhng tm vt dn phng t
song song v cch in vi nhau vi nhau.
63. Ba t in C
1
= 1 F, C
2
= 3 F, C
3
= 6 F. Cch ghp no sau
y cho in dung ca b t l 2,1 F?
A. Ba t ghp ni tip nhau. B. (C
1
song song C
3
) ni tip C
2
.
C. (C
2
song song C
3
) ni tip C
1
. D. Ba t ghp song song nhau.
64. Mt b t gm 3 t ging nhau ghp song song vi nhau v ni
vo ngun in khng i c hiu in th 20 V. in dung ca b t
bng 1,5 F. in tch trn mi bn t c ln l
A. 10
-5
C. B. 9.10
-5
C. C. 3.10
-5
C. D. 0,5.10
-7
C.
65. Mt t in c in dung 0,2 F c np in n hiu in th
100V. in tch v nng lng ca t in l
A. q = 2.10
-5
C ; W = 10
-3
J. B. q = 2.10
5
C ; W = 10
3
J.
C. q = 2.10
-5
C ; W = 2.10
-4
J. D. q = 2.10
6
C ; W = 2.10
4
J.
66. Mt t in phng mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c hiu
in th 50 V. Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch
gia hai bn t tng ln gp 2 ln. Hiu in th ca t in khi l
A. 50V. B. 100V. C. 200V. D. 400V
31
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
67. Mt t in c in dung 24 nF c tch in n hiu in th
450 V th c bao nhiu electron di chuyn n bn tch in m ca
t?
A. 6,75.10
12
. B. 13,3.10
12
. C. 6,75.10
13
. D. 13,3.10
13
.
68. Trn v mt t in c ghi 20 F - 200 V. Ni hai bn t in vi
mt hiu in th 120 V. in tch ca t in l
A. 12.10
-4
C. B. 24.10
-4
C. C. 2.10
-3
C. D. 4.10
-3
C.
69. Hai t in cha cng mt in tch th
A. chng phi c cng in dung.
B. chng phi c cng hiu in th.
C. t in c in dung ln hn s c hiu in th ln hn.
D. t in c in dung nh hn s c hiu in th ln hn.
70. T in phng, khng kh c in dung 5 nF. Cng in
trng ln nht m t c th chu c l 3.10
5
V/m, khong cch
gia hai bn t l 2 mm. in tch ln nht c th tch c cho t l
A. 2.10
-6
C. B. 2,5.10
-6
C. C. 3.10
-6
C. D. 4.10
-6
C.
71. Mt in tch q = 3,2.10
-19
C chy t im M c in th V
M
=
10 V n im N c in th V
N
= 5 V. Khong cch t M n N l
2 cm. Cng ca lc in trng l
A. 6,4.10
-21
J. B. 32.10
-19
J. C. 16.10
-19
J. D. 32.10
-21
J
72. Mt t in phng c in dung 200 pF c tch in di hiu
in th 40 V. Khong cch gia hai bn l 0,2 mm. in tch ca t
in v cng in trng bn trong t in l
A. q = 5.10
-11
C v E = 10
6
V/m.
B. q = 8.10
-9
C v E = 2.10
5
V/m.
C. q = 5.10
-11
C v E = 2.10
5
V/m.
D. q = 8.10
-11
C v E = 10
6
V/m.
P N
1B. 2C. 3C. 4C. 5B. 6B. 7D. 8A. 9C. 10B. 11C. 12D. 13C. 14C. 15A.
16B. 17C. 18B. 19D. 20D. 21C. 22B. 23C. 24B. 25D. 26C. 27A. 28A.
29B. 30C. 31B. 32B. 33C. 34B. 35D. 36C. 37C. 38A. 39C. 40C. 41B.
42A. 43B. 44B. 45C. 46B. 47D. 48A. 49B. 50B. 51D. 52C. 53C. 54C.
55D. 56C. 57C. 58C. 59D. 60D. 61A. 62A. 63B. 64A. 65A. 66B. 67C.
68B. 69D. 70C. 71C. 72B.
32
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
II. DNG IN KHNG I
A. TM TT L THUYT
1. Dng in
+ Dng in l dng cc in tch dch chuyn c hng.
+ Chiu qui c ca dng in l chiu dch chuyn ca cc in tch
dng tc l ngc chiu dch chuyn ca cc electron.
+ Cc tc dng ca dng in: dng in c tc dng nhit, tc dng
ho hc, tc dng t, tc dng c v tc dng sinh l, trong tc
dng t l tc dng c trng ca dng in.
+ Cng dng in c trng cho tc dng mnh yu ca dng
in v c xc nh bng thng s gia in lng q dch
chuyn qua tit din thng ca vt dn trong khong thi gian t v
khong thi gian : I =
t
q

.
Dng in c chiu v cng khng thay i theo thi gian gi
l dng in khng i. Vi dng in khng i ta c: I =
t
q
.
+ iu kin c dng in trong mt mi trng no l trong
mi trng phi c cc in tch t do v phi c mt in trng
y cc in tch t do chuyn ng c hng. Trong vt dn in
c cc in tch t do nn iu kin c dng in l phi c mt
hiu in th t vo hai u vt dn in.
2. Ngun in
+ Ngun in l thit b to ra v duy tr hiu in th nhm duy
tr dng in trong mch.
+ Ngun in c hai cc: cc dng (+) v cc m (-).
+ Cc lc l (khc bn cht vi lc in) bn trong ngun in c tc
dng lm cho hai cc ca ngun in c tch in khc nhau v do
duy tr hiu in th gia hai cc ca n.
+ Sut in ng ca ngun in c trng cho kh nng thc hin
cng ca ngun in v c o bng cng ca lc l khi lm dch
chuyn mt n v in tch dng ngc chiu in trng bn
trong ngun in: E =
q
A
.
o sut in ng ca ngun ta dng vn k mc vo hai cc
ca ngun in khi mch ngoi h.
+ in tr r ca ngun in c gi l in tr trong ca n.
33
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
3. in nng. Cng sut in
+ Lng in nng m mt on mch tiu th khi c dng in chy
qua chuyn ha thnh cc dng nng lng khc c o bng
cng ca lc in thc hin khi dch chuyn c hng cc in tch.
+ Cng sut in ca mt on mch l cng sut tiu th in nng
ca on mch v c tr s bng in nng m on mch tiu th
trong mt n v thi gian, hoc bng tch ca hiu in th gia hai
u on mch v cng dng in chy qua on mch .
P =
t
A
= UI.
+ Nhit lng ta ra trn mt vt dn khi c dng in chy qua t l
thun vi in tr ca vt dn, vi bnh phng cng dng in
v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt dn : Q = RI
2
t.
+ Cng sut ta nhit P vt dn khi c dng in chy qua c
trng cho tc ta nhit ca vt dn v c xc nh bng nhit
lng ta ra vt dn trong mt n v thi gian: P =
t
Q
= RI
2
.
+ Cng ca ngun in bng in nng tiu th trong ton mch.
A
ng
= EIt.
+ Cng sut ca ngun in bng cng sut tiu th in nng ca
ton mch: P
ng
= EI.
+ o cng sut in ngi ta dng ot-k. o cng ca dng
in, tc l in nng tiu th, ngi ta dng my m in nng hay
cng t in.
in nng tiu th thng c tnh ra kiloat gi (kWh).
1kW.h = 3 600 000J
4. nh lut m i vi ton mch
+ Cng dng in chy trong mch kn t l thun vi sut in
ng ca ngun in v t l nghch vi in tr ton phn ca mch
: I =
r +
N
R
E
.
+ Tch ca cng dng in chy qua mt on mch v in tr
ca n c gi l gim th trn on mch . Sut in ng
ca ngun in c gi tr bng tng cc gim in th mch
ngoi v mch trong: E = IR
N
+ Ir.
+ Hin tng on mch xy ra khi ni hai cc ca mt ngun in
ch bng dy dn c in tr rt nh. Khi on mch, dng in qua
mch c cng ln v c hi.
34
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ nh lut m i vi ton mch hon ton ph hp vi nh lut
bo ton v chuyn ha nng lng.
+ Hiu sut ca ngun in: H =
E
N
U
=
r R
R
+
.
B. CC CNG THC
+ in tr ca dy kim loi hnh tr ng cht: R =
S
l
.
+ nh lut m cho on mch ch c R:
I =
R
U
hay U
AB
= V
A
V
B
= IR.
+ Cc in tr ghp ni tip:
I = I
1
= I
2
= ... = I
n
; U = U
1
+ U
2
+ ... + U
n
; R = R
1
+ R
2
+ ... + R
n
.
+ Cc in tr ghp song song:
I = I
1
+ I
2
+ ... + I
n
; U = U
1
= U
2
= ... = U
n
;
n
R R R R
1
...
1 1 1
2 1
+ + +
.
+ Cng v cng sut ca dng in: A = UIt; P = UI.
+ nh lut Jun Len-x: Q = t
R
U
2
= RI
2
t.
+ Sut in ng ca ngun in: E =
It
A
q
A

.
+ Cng v cng sut ngun in: A = EIt; P = EI.
+ Cng sut ca dng c tiu th in ch ta nhit:
P = UI = RI
2
=
R
U
2
.
+ nh lut m cho ton mch: I =
r +
N
R
E
.
+ Hiu in th mch ngoi: U
N
= IR = E Ir
+ Hiu sut ca mch in: H =
E
N
U
=
r R
R
+
.
+ nh lut m cho cc loi on mch: t U
AB
= I.R
AB
t e
i
.
Vi qui c: trc U
AB
t du + nu dng in chy t A n
B; du - nu dng in chy t B n A; trc e
i
t du + nu
dng in chy qua n i t cc dng sang cc m; trc e
i
t du
nu dng in qua n i t cc m sang cc dng.
+ Cc ngun ghp ni tip: e
b
= e
1
+ e
2
+ ... + e
n
; r
b
= r
1
+ r
2
+ ... + r
n
.
+ Cc ngun ging nhau ghp ni tip: e
b
= ne; r
b
= nr.
35
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ Cc ngun in ging nhau ghp song song: e
b
= e; r
b
=
m
r
.
+ Cc ngun ging nhau ghp hn hp i xng: e
b
= ne; r
b
=
m
nr
.
Vi m l s nhnh, n l s ngun trong mi nhnh.
+ Ghp xung i: e
b
= |e
1
e
2
|; r
b
= r
1
+ r
2
.
C. BI TP T LUN
1. Cng dng in khng i chy qua dy tc ca mt bng n
l 0,64 A.
a) Tnh in lng dch chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy tc
trong thi gian mt pht.
b) Tnh s electron dch chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy tc
trong khong thi gian ni trn.
2. Mt b acquy c sut in ng 6 V, sn ra mt cng l 360 J khi
acquy ny pht in.
a) Tnh lng in tch dch chuyn trong acquy.
b) Thi gian dch chuyn lng in tch ny l 5 pht. Tnh
cng dng in chy qua acquy khi .
3. Mt b acquy c th cung cp dng in 4 A lin tc trong 2 gi
th phi np li.
a) Tnh cng dng in m acquy ny c th cung cp lin tc
trong 40 gi th phi np li.
b) Tnh sut in ng ca acquy ny nu trong thi gian hot
ng trn y n sn sinh ra mt cng l 172,8 kJ.
4. Cho mch in nh hnh v.
Trong R
1
= R
2
= 4 ; R
3
= 6 ;
R
4
= 3 ; R
5
= 10 ; U
AB
= 24 V.
Tnh in tr tng ng ca on
mch AB v cng dng in
qua tng in tr.
5. Cho mch in nh hnh v.
Trong R
1
= 2,4 ; R
3
= 4 ; R
2
= 14 ; R
4
= R
5
= 6 ; I
3
= 2 A.
Tnh in tr tng ng ca
on mch AB v hiu in th gia hai u cc in tr.
36
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
6. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong
R
1
= R
3
= R
5
= 3 ; R
2
= 8 ; R
4
=
6 ; U
5
= 6 V. Tnh in tr tng
ng ca on mch AB v cng
dng in chy qua tng in tr.
7. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong
R
1
= 8 ; R
3
= 10 ; R
2
= R
4
= R
5
=
20 ; I
3
= 2 A.
Tnh in tr tng ng ca on
mch AB, hiu in th v cng
dng in trn tng in tr.
8. Cho mch in nh hnh v.
Nu t vo AB hiu in th
100 V th ngi ta c th ly ra hai
u CD mt hiu in th U
CD
= 40 V
v ampe k ch 1A.
Nu t vo CD hiu in th 60 V
th ngi ta c th ly ra hai u AB hiu in th U
AB
= 15 V. Coi
in tr ca ampe k khng ng k. Tnh gi tr ca mi in tr.
9. Cho mch in nh hnh v.
Bit R
3
= R
4
.
Nu ni hai u AB vo hiu in th
120 V th cng dng in qua R
2
l
2 A v U
CD
= 30 V.
Nu ni 2 u CD vo hiu in th
120 V th U
AB
= 20 V.
Tnh gi tr ca mi in tr.
10. Mt ngun in c mc vi mt bin tr. Khi in tr ca bin
tr l 1,65 th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun l 3,3 V, cn
khi in tr ca bin tr l 3,5 th hiu in th gia hai cc ca
ngun l 3,5 V. Tnh sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun.
11. Mt ngun in c sut in ng 12 V v in tr trong 2 .
Ni in tr R vo hai cc ca ngun in thnh mch kn th cng
sut tiu th trn in tr R bng 16 W. Tnh gi tr ca in tr R v
hiu sut ca ngun.
37
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
12. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong
E = 48 V; r = 0; R
1
= 2 ; R
2
= 8 ;
R
3
= 6 ; R
4
= 16 . in tr ca cc
dy ni khng ng k. Tnh hiu in
th gia hai im M v N. Mun o U
MN
phi mc cc dng ca vn k vi im no?
13. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong E
= 6 V; r = 0,1 ; R

= 11 ; R = 0,9 . Tnh
hiu in th nh mc v cng sut nh
mc ca bng n, bit n sng bnh
thng.
14. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong
e = 6 V; r = 0,5 ; R
1
= R
2
= 2 ; R
3
= R
5
= 4 ; R
4
= 6 . in tr ca ampe k v
ca cc dy ni khng ng k. Tm
cng dng in qua cc in tr, s
ch ca ampe k v hiu in th gia hai
cc ca ngun in.
15. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong E
= 6 V; r = 0,5 ; R
1
= 1 ; R
2
= R
3
= 4 ; R
4
= 6 . Tnh:
a) Cng dng in trong mch chnh.
b) Hiu in th gia hai u R
4
, R
3
.
c) Cng sut v hiu sut ca ngun in.
16. Cho mch in nh hnh v, trong
ngun in c sut in ng e = 6,6 V,
in tr trong r = 0,12 ; bng n
1
loi
6 V - 3 W; bng n
2
loi 2,5 V - 1,25 W.
a) iu chnh R
1
v R
2
cho cc bng
n
1
v
2
sng bnh thng. Tnh cc
gi tr ca R
1
v R
2
.
b) Gi nguyn gi tr ca R
1
, iu chnh bin tr R
2
n gi tr R
2
=
1 . Khi sng ca cc bng n thay i nh th no so vi
trng hp a?
17. Mt ngun in c sut in ng 6 V, in tr trong 2 , mc
vi mch ngoi l mt bin tr R to thnh mt mch kn.
a) Tnh R cng sut tiu th ca mch ngoi l 4 W.
38
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
b) Vi gi tr no ca R th cng sut tiu th ca mch ngoi t
gi tr cc i. Tnh gi tr cc i .
18. Hai ngun c sut in ng e
1
= e
2
= e, cc in tr trong r
1
v r
2
c gi tr khc nhau. Bit cng sut in ln nht m mi ngun c
th cung cp cho mch ngoi l P
1
= 20 W v P
2
= 30 W. Tnh cng
sut in ln nht m c hai ngun c th cung cp cho mch
ngoi khi chng mc ni tip v khi chng mc song song.
19. Mc in tr R = 2 vo b ngun gm hai pin c sut in
ng v in tr trong ging nhau. Nu hai pin ghp ni tip th
cng dng in qua R l I
1
= 0,75 A. Nu hai pin ghp song song
th cng dng in qua R l I
2
= 0,6 A. Tnh sut in ng v
in tr trong ca mi pin.
20. Mt ngun in c sut in ng e = 18 V, in tr trong r =
6 dng thp sng cc bng n loi 6 V - 3 W.
a) C th mc ti a my bng n cc n u sng bnh
thng v phi mc chng nh th no?
b) Nu ch c 6 bng n th phi mc chng th no cc bng
n sng bnh thng. Trong cc cch mc cch mc no li hn.
21. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong e
1
=
2 V; r
1
= 0,1 ; e
2
= 1,5 V; r
2
= 0,1 ; R = 0,2
in tr ca vn k rt ln. Tnh cng
dng in qua e
1
, e
2
, R v s ch ca vn k.
22. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong e
1
= 18 V; r
1
= 4 ; e
2
= 10,8 V; r
2
= 2,4 ; R
1
= 1 ; R
2
= 3 ; R
A
= 2 ; C = 2 F. Tnh
cng dng in qua e
1
, e
2
, s ch ca
ampe k, hiu in th v in tch trn t
in C khi K ng v K m.
23. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Bit e
1
= 8 V;
e
3
= 6 V; e
2
= 4 V; r
1
= r
2
= 0,5 ; r
3
= 1 ; R
1
= R
3
= 4 ; R
2
= 5 . Tnh hiu in th gia
2 im A, B v cng dng in qua tng
nhnh mch.
24. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong e
1
=
55 V; r
1
= 0,3 ; e
2
= 10 V; r
2
= 0,4 ; e
3
=
30 V; r
3
= 0,1 ; e
4
= 15 V; r
4
= 0,2 ; R
1
=
39
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
9,5 ; R
2
= 19,6 ; R
3
= 4,9 . Tnh cng dng in qua cc
nhnh.
25. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong E
1
=
6 V; E
2
= 2 V; r
1
= r
2
= 0,4 ; n loi 6
V - 3 W; R
1
= 0,2 ; R
2
= 3 ; R
3
= 4 ; R
4
=
1 . Tnh:
a) Cng dng in chy trong mch
chnh.
b) Hiu in th gia hai im A v N.
26. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong b ngun gm 8 acqui,
mi ci c sut in ng e = 2 V, in tr trong r
= 0,4 mc thnh 2 nhnh, mi nhnh c 4
ngun mc ni tip; n loi 6 V - 6 W; R
1
=
0,2 ; R
2
= 6 ; R
3
= 4 ; R
4
= 4 . Tnh:
a) Cng dng in chy qua mch chnh.
b) Hiu in th gia hai im A v M.
27. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong b
ngun c 5 ngun ging nhau, mi ngun c
sut in ng e = 2 V, in tr trong r =
0,2 mc nh hnh v. n c loi
6 V - 12 W; R
1
= 2,2 ; R
2
= 4 ; R
3
= 2 .
Tnh U
MN
v cho bit n c sng bnh thng khng? Ti sao?
HNG DN GII
1. a) q = It = 38,4 C. b) N =
e
q
= 24.10
19
electron.
2. a) q =
E
A
= 60 C. b) I =
t
q
= 0,2 A.
3. a) q = It = 28800 C; I =
' t
q
= 0,2 A.
b) E =
q
A
= 6 V.
4. Phn tch on mch: R
1
nt ((R
2
nt R
3
) // R
5
) nt R
4
.
R
23
= R
2
+ R
3
= 10 ; R
235
=
5 23
5 23
R R
R R
+
= 5 ;
40
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
R = R
1
+ R
235
+ R
4
= 12 ; I = I
1
= I
235
= I
4
=
R
U
AB
= 2 A;
U
235
= U
23
= U
5
= I
235
R
235
= 10 V;
I
5
=
5
5
R
U
= 1 A; I
23
= I
2
= I
3
=
23
23
R
U
= 1 A.
5. Phn tch on mch: R
1
nt (R
2
// R
4
) nt (R
3
// R
5
).
R
24
=
4 2
4 2
R R
R R
+
= 4,2 ; R
35
=
5 3
5 3
R R
R R
+
= 2,4 ;
R = R
1
+ R
24
+ R
35
= 9 ; U
3
= U
3
= U
35
= I
3
R
3
= 8 V;
I
35
= I
24
= I
1
= I =
35
35
R
U
=
3
10
A;
U
24
= U
2
= U
4
= I
24
R
24
= 14 V; U
1
= I
1
R
1
= 8 V.
6. Phn tch on mch: (R
1
nt (R
3
// R
4
) nt R
5
) // R
2
.
R
34
=
4 3
4 3
R R
R R
+
= 2 ; R
1345
= R
1
+ R
34
+ R
5
= 8 ;
R =
1345 2
1345 2
R R
R R
+
= 4 ; I
5
= I
34
= I
1
= I
1345
=
5
5
R
U
= 2 A;
U
34
= U
3
= U
4
= I
34
R
34
= 4 V;
I
3
=
3
3
R
U
=
3
4
A; I
4
=
4
4
R
U
=
3
2
A; U
1345
= U
2
= U
AB
= I
1345
R
1345
= 16 V;
I
2
=
2
2
R
U
= 2 A.
7. Phn tch on mch: R
4
nt (R
2
// (R
3
nt R
5
)) // R
1
.
R
35
= R
3
+ R
5
= 30 ; R
235
=
35 2
35 2
R R
R R
+
= 12 ;
R
4235
= R
4
+ R
235
= 32 ; R =
4235 1
4235 1
R R
R R
+
= 6,4 ; I
3
= I
5
= I
35
= 2 A;
U
35
= U
2
= U
235
= I
35
R
35
= 60 V; I
2
=
2
2
R
U
= 3 A;
I
235
= I
4
= I
4235
=
235
235
R
U
= 5 A; U
4235
= U
1
= U
AB
= I
4235
R
4235
= 160 V;
I
1
=
1
1
U
U
= 20 A.
41
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
8. Trng hp t vo gia A v B hiu in th 100 V th on
mch c (R
3
nt R
2
)// R
1
, nn I
3
= I
2
= I
A
= 1 A; R
2
=
2
I
U
CD
= 40 ;
U
AC
= U
AB
U
CD
= 60 V; R
3
=
3
I
U
AC
= 60 .
Trng hp t vo gia C v D hiu in th 60 V th on mch c
(R
3
nt R
1
)// R
2
. Khi U
AC
= U
CD
- U
AB
= 45 V;
I
3
= I
1
=
3
R
U
AC
= 0,75 A; R
1
=
1
I
U
AB
= 20 .
9. Trng hp t vo gia A v B hiu in th 120 V th on
mch c ((R
3
// R
2
) nt R
4
) // R
1
.
Ta c: R
2
=
2
I
U
CD
= 15 ; U
AC
= U
AB
U
CD
= 90 V. V R
3
= R
4

I
4
=
3 4
90
R R
U
AC

= I
2
+ I
3
= 2 +
3
30
R
R
3
= 30 = R
4
.
Trng hp t vo gia C v D hiu in th 120 V th on mch
c (R
1
nt R
4
) // R
2
) // R
3
. Khi U
AC
= U
CD
U
AB
= 100 V;
I
4
= I
1
=
4
R
U
AC
=
3
10
A; R
1
=
1
I
U
AB
= 6 .
10. Ta c: I
1
=
1
1
R
U
= 2 =
r +
1
R
E
3,3 + 2r = E (1);
I
2
=
2
2
R
U
= 1 =
r +
2
R
E
3,5 + r = E (2). T (1) v (2)
r = 0,2 ; E = 3,7 V.
11. Ta c: P = I
2
R =
2

,
_

+r R
E
R 16 =
4 4
12
2
2
+ + R R
R
R
2
- 5R + 4 = 0 R = 4 hoc R = 1 .
Khi H =
r R
R
+
= 67% hoc H = 33%.
12. Ta c: R =
4 2 3 1
4 2 3 1
) )( (
R R R R
R R R R
+ + +
+ +
= 6 ; I =
r R +
E
= 6 A;
U
AB
= IR = 36 V; I
1
= I
3
= I
13
=
3 1
R R
U
AB
+
= 4,5 A;
42
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
I
2
= I
4
= I
24
=
4 2
R R
U
AB
+
= 1,5 A;
U
MN
= V
M
V
N
= V
M
V
A
+ V
A
V
N
= U
AN
U
AM
= I
2
R
2
I
1
R
1
= 3 V.
V U
MN
> 0 nn V
M
> V
N
do ta phi mc cc dng ca vn k vo
im M.
13. I =
r R R

+ +
E
= 0,5 A; U

= IR

= 5,5 V; P

= I
2
R

= 2,75 W.
14. in tr ca ampe k khng ng k nn mch ngoi gm:
R
1
nt (R
2
// R
4
) nt (R
3
// R
5
)
Ta c: R = R
1
+
4 2
4 2
R R
R R
+
+
5 3
5 3
R R
R R
+
= 5,5 ;
I =
r R +
E
= 1 A = I
1
= I
24
= I
35
;
U
24
= U
2
= U
4
= I
24
R
24
= I
24
4 2
4 2
R R
R R
+
= 1,5 V;
I
2
=
2
2
R
U
= 0,75 A; I
4
=
4
4
R
U
= 0,25 A;
U
35
= U
3
= U
5
= I
35
R
35
= I
35
5 3
5 3
R R
R R
+
= 2 V; I
3
=
3
3
R
U
= 0,5 A;
I
5
=
5
5
R
U
= 0,5 A; I
A
= I
2
I
3
= 0,25 A;
15. a) Chp N vi A ta thy mch ngoi c ((R
2
// R
3
) nt R
1
) // R
4
. Do
: R
23
=
3 2
3 2
R R
R R
+
= 2 ; R
123
= R
1
+ R
23
= 3 ; R =
4 123
4 123
R R
R R
+
= 2 ;
I =
r R +
E
= 2,4 A.
b) U
4
= U
123
= U
AB
= IR = 4,8 A; I
123
= I
1
= I
23
=
123
123
R
U
= 1,6 A;
U
23
= U
2
= U
3
= I
23
R
23
= 3,2 V.
c) Cng sut ca ngun: P = EI = 14,4 W; Hiu sut ca ngun:
H =
E
AB
U
= 0,8 = 80%.
16. Ta c: R
1
=
1
2
1

P
U
= 12 ; R
2
=
2
2
2

P
U
= 5 ;
43
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
a) Cc n
1
v
2
sng bnh thng nn:
U
1
= U
2R2
= U
12R2
= 6 V; I
1
=
1
1

R
U
= 0,5 A;
I
2
= I
2R2
=
2
2

R
U
= 0,5 A; I = I
1
+ I
2
= 1 A; R
2R2
=
2 2
2 2
R
R
I
U
= 12 ; R
2
= R
2R2
R
2
= 7 ; R
12R2
=
I
U
R 2 2 1
= 6 ; R =
I
e
- r = 6,48 ; R
1
=
R - R
12R2
= 0,48 .
b) Khi R
2
= 1 : R
2R2
= R
2
+ R
2
= 6 ;
R
12R2
=
1 2 2
1 2 2
R
R
R R
R R
+
= 4 ;
R = R
1
+ R
12R2
= 4,48 ; I =
r R
e
+
1,435 A;
U
12R2
= U
1
= U
2R2
= IR
12R2
= 5,74 V < 6 V nn n
1
sng yu
hn; I
2R2
= I
2
= I
R2
=
2 2
2 2
R
R
R
U
= 0,96 A >
2
2

U
P
= 0,5 A nn n
2
sng
mnh hn.
17. a) Ta c: P = I
2
R =
2

,
_

+r R
E
R 4 =
4 4
6
2
2
+ + R R
R
R
2
- 5R + 4 = 0 R = 4 hoc R = 1 .
b) Ta c: P = I
2
R =
2

,
_

+r R
E
R =
R
r
r R
E
2
2
2 + +
. V E v r khng
i nn P = P
max
khi (R +
R
r
2
) c gi tr cc tiu, m theo bt ng
thc Csi th (R +
R
r
2
) c gi tr cc tiu khi R =
R
r
2
R = r = 2 .
Khi P
max
=
r 4
2
E
= 4,5 W.
18. Cng sut cc ai m mi ngun cung cp:
P
1
=
1
2
4r
e
; P
2
=
2
2
4r
e

2
1
1
4 1
e
r
P

;
2
2
2
4 1
e
r
P

.
Khi hai ngun mc ni tip cng sut cc i m b ngun cung cp:
44
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
P
nt
=
) ( 4
4
2 1
2
r r
e
+

2 1
2
2
2
1
4
1
4
1 1
P P e
r
e
r
P
nt
+ +
P
nt
=
2 1
2 1
4
P P
P P
+
= 48 W.
Khi hai ngun mc song song, cng sut cc i m b ngun cung
cp: P
//
=
2
2
1
2
2 1
2 1
2
4 4
4
r
e
r
e
r r
r r
e
+
+
= P
1
+ P
2
= 50 W.
19. Khi mc ni tip ta c: 0,75 =
r
e
2 2
2
+
(1).
Khi mc song song ta c: 0,6 =
r
e
r
e
+

+
4
2
2
2
(2).
T (1) v (2) ta c r = 1 ; e = 1,5 V.
20. in tr v cng dng in nh mc ca mi bng n l:
R

P
U
2
= 12 ; I

U
P
= 0,5 A.
a) Gi N l s bng n c thp sng. Khi chng sng bnh
thng th cng sut tiu th ca mch ngoi l:
P = 3N = UI = (e rI)I = 24I 6I
2
6I
2
8I + N = 0 (1).
phng trnh c nghim th = 16 2N 0 N 8. Vy s bng
n ti a l 8 bng.
Vi N = 8 th phng trnh (1) c nghim kp l I = 2 A.
Nu cc bng n c mc thnh m dy, mi dy c n bng th ta
phi c I = mI

m =

I
I
= 4; n =
m
N
= 2.
Vy phi mc thnh 4 dy, mi dy c 2 bng.
b) Vi N = 6 th phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim: I
1
= 1 A v I
2
= 3 A.
Vi I
1
= 1 A, ta c: m =

I
I
1
= 2; n =
m
N
= 3.
Vy phi mc thnh hai dy, mi dy c 3 bng.
Khi in tr mch ngoi: R =
2
3

R
= 18 .
45
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Hiu sut ca mch l: H
1
=
r R
R
+
= 0,75.
Vi I
2
= 3 A, ta c: m =

I
I
2
= 6; n =
m
N
= 1.
Vy phi mc thnh 6 dy, mi dy c 1 bng n.
Khi in tr mch ngoi: R =
6

R
= 2.
Hiu sut ca mch l: H
2
=
r R
R
+
= 0,25.
Vy, cch mc thnh hai dy, mi dy gm 3 bng n c li hn.
21. Gi s dng in chy trong cc nhnh mch c chiu nh hnh
v.
Ta c: U
AB
= I
1
r
1
e
1
(1)
U
AB
= I
2
r
2
e
2
(2)
U
AB
= IR (3)
I
1
+ I
2
= I (4)
T (1), (2), (3), (4) ta c:
0,1I
1
+ 0I
2
+ 0,2I = 2 (1)
0I
1
+ 0,1I
2
+ 0,2I = 1,5 (2)
I
1
+ I
2
I = 0 (3)
Gii h (1), (2), (3) ta c I
1
= 6 A; I
2
= 1 A; I = 7 A. Thay I vo (3),
ta c U
AB
= U
V
= 1,4 V. V I
1
> 0; I
2
> 0; I > 0 nn dng in chy
trong cc nhnh mch ng nh chiu ta gi s.
22. Khi K m, mch ngoi h; s ch ampe k I
A
= 0; e
1
l ngun, e
2
l my thu nn I
1
= I
2
=
2 1
2 1
r r
e e
+

= 1,125 V;
U
AB
= U
C
= I
2
R
2
+ e
2
= 13,5 V; q = CU
C
= 27.10
-6
C.
Khi K ng, gi s dng in chy trong cc nhnh mch c chiu
nh hnh v.
Ta c: U
AB
= I
1
r
1
e
1
(1)
U
AB
= I
2
r
2
e
2
(2)
U
AB
= I(R
1
+ R
2
+ R
A
) (3)
I
1
+ I
2
= I (4)
T (1), (2), (3), (4) ta c:
4I
1
+ 0I
2
+ 6I = 18 (1)
0I
1
+ 2,4I
2
+ 6I = 10,8 (2)
I
1
+ I
2
I = 0 (3)
46
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Gii h (1), (2), (3) ta c I
1
= 1,8 A; I
2
= 0; I = 1,8 A; I
A
= 1,8 A;
U
C
= U
R2
= IR
2
= 5,4 V; q = CU
C
= 10,8.10
-6
C.
23. Gi s dng in chy trong cc nhnh mch c chiu nh hnh
v.
Ta c: U
AB
= I
1
(r
1
+ R
1
) e
1
(1)
U
AB
= I
2
(r
2
+ R
2
) e
2
(2)
U
AB
= I
3
(r
3
+ R
3
) e
3
(3)
I
1
+ I
2
= I
3
(4)
T (1), (2), (3), (4) ta c:
4,5I
1
+ 0I
2
+ 5I
3
= 14 (1)
0I
1
+ 5,5I
2
+ 5I
3
= 10 (2)
I
1
+ I
2
I
3
= 0 (3)
Gii h (1), (2), (3) ta c I
1
= 1,30 A; I
2
= 0,33 A; I
3
= 1,63 A. Thay
I
3
vo (3), ta c U
AB
= 2,15 V. V I
1
> 0; I
2
> 0; I
3
> 0 nn dng in
chy trong cc nhnh mch ng nh chiu ta gi s.
24. Gi s dng in chy trong cc nhnh mch c chiu nh hnh
v.
Ta c: U
AB
= I
1
(r
1
+ r
4
+ R
1
) e
1
+ e
4
(1)
U
AB
= I
2
(r
2
+ R
2
) e
2
(2)
U
AB
= I
3
(r
3
+ R
3
) e
3
(3)
I
1
+ I
3
= I
2
(4)
T (1), (2), (3), (4) ta c:
10I
1
+ 20I
2
+ 0I
3
= 50 (1)
0I
1
+ 20I
2
+ 5I
3
= 40 (2)
I
1
I
2
+ I
3
= 0 (3)
Gii h (1), (2), (3) ta c I
1
= 1,29 A; I
2
= 1,86 A; I
3
= 0,57 A. Thay
I
3
vo (3), ta c U
AB
= - 12,15 V. V U
AB
< 0 nn in th im A thp
hn in th im B; I
1
> 0; I
2
> 0; I
3
> 0 nn dng in chy trong
cc nhnh mch ng nh chiu ta gi s.
25. Ta c: E
b
= E
1
+ E
2
= 8 V; r
b
= r
1
+ r
2
= 0,8 ;
R

P
U
2
= 12 ; R
24
= R
2
+ R
4
= 4 ; R
24
=
24
24
R R
R R

+
= 3 ;
R = R
1
+ R
24
+ R
3
= 7,2 ;
a) I =
b
b
r R
E
+
= 1 A.
b) U
24
= U

= U
24
= IR
24
= 3 V; I
24
= I
2
= I
4
=
24
24
R
U
= 0,75 A;
47
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
U
MN
= V
M
V
N
= V
M
V
C
+ V
C
V
N
= U
MC
+ U
CN

= I(r
1
+ R
1
) E
1
+ I
2
R
2
= 3,15 V.
U
MN
< 0 cho bit in th im M thp hn in th im N.
26. Ta c: E
b
= 4e = 8 V; r
b
=
2
4r
= 0,8 ; R

P
U
2
= 6 ;
R
2
= R
2
+ R

= 12 ; R
24
=
4 2
4 2
R R
R R

+
= 3 ;
R = R
1
+ R
24
+ R
3
= 7,2 ;
a) I =
b
b
r R
E
+
= 1 A.
b) U
24
= U
2
= U
4
= IR
24
= 3 V; I
2
= I
2
= I

R
U
2
2
= 0,25 A;
U
AN
= V
A
V
N
= V
A
V
C
+ V
C
V
N

= U
AC
+ U
CN
= IR
1
+ I
2
R
2
= 1,7 V.
27. Ta c: E
b
= 3e + 2e = 10 V; r
b
= 3r +
2
2r
= 0,8 ;
R

P
U
2
= 3 ; R
23
= R
2
+ R
3
= 6 ; R
23
=
23
23
R R
R R

+
= 2 ;
R = R
1
+ R
23
= 4,2 ;
a) I =
b
b
r R
E
+
= 2 A.
b) U
23
= U

= U
23
= IR
23
= 4 V; I
23
= I
2
= I
3
=
23
23
R
U
=
3
2
A;
U
MN
= V
M
V
N
= V
M
V
C
+ V
C
V
N
= U
MC
+ U
CN

= I(3r + R
1
) 3e + I
2
R
2
= 2,3 V.
U

= 4 V < U
m
= 6 V nn n sng yu hn bnh thng.
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
1. iu kin c dng in l
A. ch cn c cc vt dn.
B. ch cn c hiu in th.
C. ch cn c ngun in.
D. ch cn duy tr mt hiu in th gia hai u vt dn.
2. in nng tiu th c o bng
A. vn k. B. ampe k. C. tnh in k. D. cng t in.
48
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
3. Khi mc cc in tr ni tip vi nhau thnh mt on mch. in
tr tng ng ca on mch s
A. nh hn in tr thnh phn nh nht trong on mch.
B. ln hn in tr thnh phn ln nht trong on mch.
C. bng trung bnh cng cc in tr trong on mch.
D. bng tng ca in tr ln nht v nh nht trong on mch.
4. Khi mc cc in tr song song vi nhau thnh mt on mch.
in tr tng ng ca on mch s
A. nh hn in tr thnh phn nh nht trong on mch.
B. ln hn in tr thnh phn ln nht trong on mch.
C. bng trung bnh cng cc in tr trong on mch.
D. bng tng ca in tr ln nht v nh nht trong on mch.
5. Mt ngun in sut in ng E v in tr trong r c ni vi
mt mch ngoi c in tr tng ng R. Nu R = r th
A. dng in trong mch c gi tr cc tiu.
B. dng in trong mch c gi tr cc i.
C. cng sut tiu th trn mch ngoi l cc tiu.
D. cng sut tiu th trn mch ngoi l cc i.
6. in tr R
1
tiu th mt cng sut P khi c mc vo mt hiu
in th U khng i. Nu mc ni tip vi R
1
mt in tr R
2
ri
mc vo hiu in th U ni trn th cng sut tiu th bi R
1
s
A. gim. B. khng thay i.
C. tng. D. c th tng hoc gim.
7. Mt dng in 0,8 A chy qua cun dy ca loa phng thanh c
in tr 8 . Hiu in th gia hai u cun dy l
A. 0,1 V. B. 5,1 V. C. 6,4 V. D. 10 V.
8. in tr R
1
tiu th mt cng sut P khi c mc vo mt hiu
in th U khng i. Nu mc song song vi R
1
mt in tr R
2
ri
mc vo hiu in th U ni trn th cng sut tiu th bi R
1
s
A. gim. B. c th tng hoc gim.
C. khng thay i. D. tng.
9. Vic ghp ni tip cc ngun in
A. c c b ngun c sut in ng ln hn cc ngun c sn.
B. c c b ngun c sut in ng nh hn cc ngun c sn.
C. c c b ngun c in tr trong nh hn cc ngun c sn.
D. c c b ngun c in tr trong bng in tr mch ngoi.
49
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
10. Hiu in th gia hai u mt mch in gm 2 in tr 10 v
30 ghp ni tip nhau bng 20 V. Cng dng in qua in tr
10 l
A. 0,5 A. B. 0,67 A. C. 1 A. D. 2 A.
11. Vic ghp song song cc ngun in ging nhau th
A. c c b ngun c sut in ng ln hn cc ngun c sn.
B. c c b ngun c sut in ng nh hn cc ngun c sn.
C. c c b ngun c in tr trong nh hn cc ngun c sn.
D. c c b ngun c in tr trong bng in tr mch ngoi.
12. Mt bp in 115 V - 1 kW b cm nhm vo mng in 230 V
c ni qua cu ch chu c dng in ti a 15 A. Bp in s
A. c cng sut to nhit t hn 1 kW.
B. c cng sut to nhit bng 1 kW.
C. c cng sut to nhit ln hn 1 kW.
D. n cu ch.
13. Mt bp in 230 V - 1kW b cm nhm vo mng in 115 V
c ni qua cu ch chu c dng in ti a 15 A. Bp in s
A. c cng sut to nhit t hn 1 kW.
B. c cng sut to nhit bng 1 kW.
C. c cng sut to nhit ln hn 1 kW.
D. n cu ch.
14. Hiu in th trn hai u mt mch in gm 2 in tr 10 v
30 ghp ni tip nhau bng 20 V. Hiu in th trn hai u in
tr 10 l
A. 5 V. B. 10 V. C. 15 V. D. 20 V
15. Hai in tr nh nhau c ni song song c in tr tng
ng bng 2 . Nu cc in tr mc ni tip th in tr tng
ng ca chng bng
A. 2 . B. 4 . C. 8 . D.16 .
16. in tr ca hai in tr 10 v 30 ghp song song l
A. 5 . B. 7,5 . C. 20 . D. 40 .
17. Hiu in th gia hai u on mch in gm 4 in tr 6
mc ni tip l 12 V. Dng in chy qua mi in tr bng
A. 0,5 A. B. 2 A. C. 8 A. D. 16 A.
18. Hiu in th gia hai u on mch in gm 4 in tr 6
mc song song l 12 V. Dng in chy qua mi in tr bng
A. 0,5 A B. 2 A. C. 8 A. D. 16 A.
50
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
19. Mt in tr R
1
mc song song vi in tr R
2
= 12 ri mc
vo mt ngun in c sut in ng 24 V, in tr trong khng
ng k. Cng dng in qua h l 3 A. Gi tr ca R
1
l
A. 8 . B. 12 . C. 24 . D. 36 .
20. Cng sut sn ra trn in tr 10 bng 90 W. Hiu in th trn
hai u in tr bng
A. 90 V. B. 30 V. C. 18 V. D. 9 V.
21. Ngi ta ct mt on dy dn c in tr R thnh 2 na bng
nhau v ghp cc u ca chng li vi nhau. in tr ca on dy
i ny bng
A. 2R. B. 0,5R. C. R. D. 0,25R.
22. Ti hiu in th 220 V cng sut ca mt bng n bng 100 W.
Khi hiu in th ca mch gim xung cn 110 V, lc cng sut
ca bng n bng
A. 20 W. B. 25 W. C. 30 W. D. 50 W.
23. Khi hai in tr ging nhau mc ni tip vo ngun in U th
cng sut tiu th ca chng l 20 W. Nu cc in tr ny c mc
song song v ni vo ngun U ni trn th cng sut tiu th tng
cng l
A. 10 W. B. 20 W. C. 40 W. D. 80 W.
24. Cng dng in in khng i chy qua dy tc ca mt
bng n l I = 0,273 A. Tnh s electron dch chuyn qua tit din
thng ca dy tc trong mt pht.
A. 1,024.10
18
. B. 1,024.10
19
. C. 1,024.10
20
. D. 1,024.10
21
.
25. in nng bin i hon ton thnh nhit nng dng c hay
thit b no di y khi chng hot ng?
A. Bng n non. B. Qut in.
C. Bn i in. D. Acquy ang np in.
26. Hiu in th gia hai u mt in tr tng ln 3 ln th cng
dng in qua in tr
A. tng 3 ln. B. tng 9 ln. C. gim 3 ln. D. gim 9 ln.
27. Mt bn i in khi s dng vi hiu in th 220 V th cng
dng in chy qua bn i l 5 A. Tnh nhit lng to ra trong 20
pht.
A. 132.10
3
J. B. 132.10
4
J. C. 132.10
5
J. D. 132.10
6
J.
28. Mt acquy c sut in ng 12 V. Tnh cng m acquy ny thc
hin khi mt electron dch chuyn bn trong acquy t cc dng ti
cc m ca n.
A. 192.10
-17
J. B. 192.10
-18
J. C. 192.10
-19
J. D. 192.10
-20
J.
51
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
29. i vi mch in kn gm ngun in vi mch ngoi l in
tr th cng dng in chy trong mch
A. t l thun vi in tr mch ngoi.
B. gim khi in tr mch ngoi tng.
C. t l nghch vi in tr mch ngoi.
D. tng khi in tr mch ngoi tng.
30. Khi mc in tr R
1
= 4 vo hai cc ca ngun in th dng
in trong mch c cng I
1
= 0,5 A. Khi mc in tr R
2
= 10
th dng in trong mch l I
2
= 0,25 A. in tr trong r ca ngun l
A. 1 . B. 2 . C. 3 . D. 4 .
31. i vi mch in kn gm ngun in vi mch ngoi l in
tr th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in
A. tng khi in tr mch ngoi tng.
B. gim khi in tr mch ngoi tng.
C. khng ph thuc vo in tr mch ngoi.
D. lc u tng sau gim khi in tr mch ngoi tng.
32. Hiu in th gia hai u mt dy dn l 10 V th cng
dng in qua dy dn l 2 A. Nu hiu in th gia hai u dy dn
l 15 V th cng dng in qua dy dn l
A.
3
4
A. B.
2
1
A. C. 3 A. D.
3
1
A.
33. Chn cu tr li sai. Trong mch in ngun in c tc dng
A. To ra v duy tr mt hiu in th.
B. To ra dng in lu di trong mch.
C. Chuyn cc dng nng lng khc thnh in nng.
D. Chuyn in nng thnh cc dng nng lng khc.
34. Mt in tr R = 4 c mc vo ngun in c sut in ng
1,5 V to thnh mch kn th cng sut to nhit trn in tr ny
l 0,36 W. Tnh in tr trong r ca ngun in.
A. 1 . B. 2 . C. 3 . D. 4 .
35. Cng ca lc l khi lm dch chuyn in lng q = 1,5 C trong
ngun in t cc m n cc dng ca n l 18 J. Sut in ng
ca ngun in l
A. 1,2 V. B. 12 V. C. 2,7 V. D. 27 V.
36. Cng sut nh mc ca cc dng c in l
A. Cng sut ln nht m dng c c th t c.
B. Cng sut ti thiu m dng c c th t c.
C. Cng sut m dng c t c khi hot ng bnh thng.
52
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
D. Cng sut m dng c c th t c bt c lc no.
37. Sut in ng ca mt ngun in mt chiu l 4 V. Cng ca
lc l lm di chuyn mt in lng 8 mC gia hai cc bn trong
ngun in l
A. 0,032 J. B. 0,320 J. C. 0,500 J. D. 500 J.
38. Mt bp in c hiu in th v cng sut nh mc l 220 V v
1100 W. in tr ca bp in khi hot ng bnh thng l
A. 0,2 . B. 20 . C. 44 . D. 440 .
39. Mt bng n khi mc vo mng in c hiu in th 110 V th
cng dng in qua n l 0,5 A v n sng bnh thng. Nu
s dng trong mng in c hiu in th 220 V th phi mc vi n
mt in tr l bao nhiu bng n sng bnh thng?
A. 110 . B. 220 . C. 440 . D. 55 .
40. Nhit lng to ra trn dy dn khi c dng in chy qua
A. t l thun vi cng dng in.
B. t l thun vi bnh phng cng dng in.
C. t l nghch vi bnh phng cng dng in.
D. t l thun vi bnh phng in tr ca dy dn.
41. trang tr ngi ta dng cc bng n 12 V - 6 W mc ni tip
vo mng in c hiu in th 240 V. cc bng n sng bnh
thng th s bng n phi s dng l
A. 2 bng. B. 4 bng. C. 20 bng. D. 40 bng.
42. Ngun in c r = 0,2 , mc vi R = 2,4 thnh mch kn, khi
hiu in th gia hai u R l 12 V. Sut in ng ca ngun l
A. 11 V. B. 12 V. C. 13 V. D. 14 V.
43. Mt ngun in c sut in ng 15 V, in tr trong 0,5 mc
vi mch ngoi c hai in tr R
1
= 20 v R
2
= 30 mc song
song. Cng sut ca mch ngoi l
A. 4,4 W. B. 14,4 W. C. 17,28 W. D. 18 W.
44. Mt b ngun gm 18 ngun ging nhau, mi ci c sut in
ng 2 V v in tr trong 0,15 mc thnh 3 dy, mi dy c 6
ngun mc ni tip. Sut in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun l
A. 12 V; 0,3 . B. 36 V; 2,7 .
C. 12 V; 0,9 . D. 6 V; 0,075 .
45. Hai acquy c sut in ng 12 V v 6 V, c in tr trong khng
ng k mc ni tip vi nhau v mc vi in tr 12 thnh mch
kn. Cng dng in chy trong mch l
A. 0,15 A. B. 1 A. C. 1,5 A. D. 3 A.
53
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
46. Mt acquy sut in ng 6 V in tr trong khng ng k mc
vi bng n 6 V - 12 W thnh mch kn. Cng dng in chy
qua bng n l
A. 0,5 A. B. 1 A. C. 2 A. D. 4 A.
47. S m ca cng t in gia nh cho bit
A. Cng sut in gia nh s dng.
B. Thi gian s dng in ca gia nh.
C. in nng gia nh s dng.
D. S dng c, thit b gia nh s dng.
48. Cng sut ca ngun in c xc nh bng
A. Lng in tch m ngun in sinh ra trong mt giy.
B. Cng m lc l thc hin c khi ngun in hot ng.
C. Cng ca dng in trong mch kn sinh ra trong mt giy.
D. Cng lm dch chuyn mt n v in tch dng.
49. Mt acquy c sut in ng 2 V, in tr trong 1 . Ni hai cc
ca acquy vi in tr R = 9 th cng sut tiu th trn in tr R
l
A. 3,6 W. B. 1,8 W. C. 0,36 W. D. 0,18 W
50. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho
A. kh nng tc dng lc ca ngun in.
B. kh nng thc hin cng ca ngun in.
C. kh nng d tr in tch ca ngun in.
D. kh nng tch in cho hai cc ca n.
51. t vo hai u in tr R mt hiu in th U th nhit lng ta
ra trn vt dn trong thi gian t l
A. Q = IR
2
t. B. Q = t
R
U
2
. C. Q = U
2
Rt. D. Q =
2
R
U
t.
52. Hai in tr ging nhau dng mc vo mt hiu in th
khng i. Nu mc chng ni tip vi nhau ri mc vo hiu in
th th cng sut tiu th ca chng l 20 W. Nu mc chng song
song ri mc chng vo hiu in th th cng sut tiu th ca
chng l
A. 5 W. B. 10 W. C. 20 W. D. 80 W.
53. Mt ngun in c sut in ng 12 V, in tr trong 2 mc
vi mt in tr R = 2 thnh mch kn th cng sut tiu trn R l
16 W, gi tr ca in tr R bng
A. 3 . B. 4 . C. 5 . D. 6 .
54
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
54. Mt mch in kn gm ngun in c in tr trong ng k vi
mch ngoi l mt bin tr. Khi tng in tr mch ngoi th cng
dng in trong mch
A. tng. B. tng t l thun vi in tr mch ngoi.
C. gim. D. gim t l nghch vi in tr mch ngoi.
55. Mt ngun in vi sut in ng E, in tr trong r, mc vi
mt in tr ngoi R = r th cng dng in chy trong mch l I.
Nu thay ngun in bng 3 ngun in ging ht n mc ni tip
th cng dng in trong mch
A. bng 3I. B. bng 2I. C. bng 1,5I. D. bng 2,5I.
56. Mt ngun in c mc vi mt bin tr thnh mch kn. Khi
in tr ca bin tr l 1,65 th hiu in th gia hai cc ca
ngun l 3,3 V, cn khi in tr ca bin tr l 3,5 V th hiu in th
gia hai cc ca ngun l 3,5 V. Sut in ng v in tr trong ca
ngun l
A. 3,7 V; 0,2 . B. 3,4 V; 0,1 .
C. 6,8 V; 0,1 . D. 3,6 V; 0,15 .
57. Mt ngun in vi sut in ng E, in tr trong r, mc vi
mt in tr ngoi R = r th cng dng in chy trong mch l I.
Nu thay ngun in bng 3 ngun in ging ht n mc song
song th cng dng in trong mch
A. vn bng I. B. bng 1,5I. C. bng
3
1
I. D. bng 0,5I.
58. Mt b ngun c ba ngun ging nhau mc ni tip. Mch ngoi
l mt in tr khng i. Nu o hai cc ca mt ngun th
A. gim hiu in th in tr trong ca b ngun khng i.
B. cng dng in trong mch gim i hai ln.
C. hiu in th gia hai u in tr mch ngoi gim i ba ln.
D. cng sut ta nhit trn mch ngoi gim i bn ln.
59. Mt ngun in c sut in ng 6 V v in tr trong 1 th
c th cung cp cho mch ngoi mt cng sut ln nht l
A. 3 W. B. 6 W. C. 9 W. D. 12 W.
60. C 15 chic pin ging nhau, mi ci c sut in ng 1,5 V v
in tr trong 0,6 . Nu em ghp chng thnh ba dy song song
mi dy c 5 pin th sut in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun l
A. 7,5 V v 1 . B. 7,5 V v 3 .
C. 22,5 V v 9 . D. 15 V v 1 .
55
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
61. Tng chiu di ca dy dn ln hai ln v tng ng knh ca
dy dn ln hai ln th in tr ca dy dn s
A. tng gp i. B. tng gp bn.
C. gim mt na. D. gim bn ln.
62. Mt ngun in c sut in ng 6 V v in tr trong 1 th
c th to ra c mt dng in c cng ln nht l
A. 2 A. B. 4 A. C. 6 A. D. 8 A.
63. Ba bng n loi 6 V - 3 W c mc song song vo hai cc ca
mt ngun in c sut in ng 6 V v in tr trong 1 th
cng dng in chy trong ngun in l
A. 0,5 A. B. 1 A. C. 1,2 A. D. 1,5 A.
64. Ghp ni tip 3 pin c sut in ng v in tr trong ln lt l
2,2 V; 1,1 V; 0,9 V v 0,2 ; 0,4 ; 0,5 thnh b ngun. Trong
mch c dng in cng 1 A chy qua. in tr mch ngoi
bng
A. 5,1 . B. 4,5 . C. 3,8 . D. 3,1 .
65. Mt c qui c sut in ng e = 6 V, in tr trong r = 0,2 .
Khi b chp mch (R = 0) th dng in chy qua c qui s c cng
l
A. 20 A. B. 30 A. C. 40 A. D. 50 A.
66. Mt my thu thanh c lp rp thch hp vi mch in 110 V
v tip nhn cng sut 50W. c th s dng trong mng in
220 V, th cn phi mc ni tip vi n mt in tr
A. 110 . B. 220 . C. 242 . D. 484.
67. Mt bng n dy tc loi 220 V - 100 W c in tr l :
A. 242. B. 484. C. 968. D. 440.
68. Du hiu tng qut nht nhn bit dng in l :
A. tc dng ha hc. B. tc dng t.
C. tc dng nhit. D. tc dng sinh l.
P N
1D. 2D. 3B. 4A. 5D. 6A. 7C. 8C. 9A. 10A. 11C. 12D. 13A. 14A. 15C.
16B. 17A. 18B. 19C. 20B. 21D. 22B. 23D. 24B. 25C. 26A. 27B. 28B.
29B. 30B. 31B. 32C. 33D. 34A. 35D. 36C. 37A. 38C. 39B. 40B. 41C.
42C. 43C. 44A. 45C. 46C. 47C. 48C. 49C. 50B. 51B. 52D. 53B. 54D.
55C. 56A. 57B. 58C. 59C. 60A. 61C. 62C. 63C. 64D. 65B. 66C. 67B.
68B.
56
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
III. DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG
A. TM TT L THUYT
1. Dng in trong kim loi
+ Ht ti in trong kim loi l cc electron t do. Mt ca cc
electron t do trong kim loi rt cao nn kim loi dn in rt tt
+ Bn cht dng in trong kim loi l dng dch chuyn c hng
ca cc electron di tc dng ca in trng.
+ in tr sut ca kim loi tng theo nhit gn ng theo hm
bc nht: =
0
(1 + (t t
0
)).
+ Chuyn ng nhit ca mng tinh th cn tr chuyn ng ca ht
ti in lm cho in tr kim loi ph thuc vo nhit . n gn
0
0
K, in tr ca kim loi rt nh.
+ Vt liu siu dn c in tr t ngt gim n bng 0 khi nhit
bng hoc thp hn nhit ti hn T T
C
.
+ Cp nhit in l hai dy kim loi khc bn cht, hai u hn vo
nhau. Khi nhit hai mi hn T
1
, T
2
khc nhau, trong mch c sut
in ng nhit in E =
T
(T
1
T
2
).
2. Dng in trong cht in phn
+ Cc dung dch mui, axit, baz hay cc mui nng chy c gi
l cc cht in phn.
+ Ht ti in trong cht in phn l cc ion dng, ion m b phn
li t cc phn t mui, axit, baz.
+ Cht in phn khng dn in tt bng kim loi v mt cc ion
trong cht in phn nh hn mt cc electron trong kim loi, khi
lng v kch thc ca cc ion ln hn khi lng v kch thc
ca cc electron nn tc chuyn ng c hng ca chng nh
hn.
+ Dng in trong cht in phn l dng ion dng v ion m
chuyn ng c hng theo hai chiu ngc nhau trong in trng.
+ Hin tng dng cc tan xy ra khi cc anion i ti ant ko cc
ion kim loi ca in cc vo trong dung dch.
+ Khi lng cht thot ra cc ca bnh in phn tnh ra gam:
m = kq =
n
A
F
1
It; vi F = 96500 C/mol.
+ Dng in trong cht in phn khng ch ti in lng m cn ti
c vt cht i theo. Ti in cc ch c electron c th i tip, cn
lng vt cht ng li in cc, gy ra hin tng in phn.
57
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ Hin tng in phn c p dng trong cc cng ngh luyn
kim, ha cht, m in,
3. Dng in trong cht kh
+ Ht ti in trong cht kh l cc ion dng, ion m v cc electron,
c c do cht kh b ion ho.
+ Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion
dng theo chiu in trng v cc ion m, cc electron ngc
chiu in trng.
+ Qu trnh dn in khng t lc ca cht kh xy ra khi ta phi
dng tc nhn ion ha t bn ngoi to ra ht ti in trong cht
kh.
+ C bn cch chnh dng in c th to ra ht ti in mi trong
cht kh:
- Dng in chy qua cht kh lm nhit kh tng cao, khin
phn t kh b ion ha.
- in trng trong cht kh rt ln, khin phn t kh b ion ha
ngay khi nhit thp.
- Catt b dng in nung nng , lm cho n c kh nng pht ra
electron. Hin tng ny gi l hin tng pht x nhit electron.
- Catt khng nng nhng b cc ion dng c nng lng ln
p vo lm bt ra cc electron.
+ Qu trnh phng in t lc trong cht kh l qu trnh phng in
vn tip tc gi c khi khng cn tc nhn ion ha tc ng t bn
ngoi.
+ Tia la in l qu trnh phng in t lc hnh thnh trong cht
kh khi c in trng mnh lm ion ha cht kh.
Tia la in c th hnh thnh trong khng kh iu kin thng,
khi in trng t n ngng vo khong 3.10
6
V/m.
Tia la in c dng ph bin trong ng c n t hn hp
n trong xilanh.
+ H quang in l qu trnh phng in t lc hnh thnh khi dng
in qua cht kh c th gi c nhit cao ca catt n pht
c electron bng hin tng pht x nhit electron.
H quang in c th km theo ta nhit v ta sng rt mnh.
H quang in c nhiu ng dng nh hn in, lm n chiu
sng, un chy vt liu,
4. Dng in trong cht bn dn
+ Cht bn dn l mt nhm vt liu m tiu biu l gecmani v silic.
58
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ in tr sut ca cc cht bn dn c gi tr nm trong khong
trung gian gia kim loi v in mi.
+ in tr sut ca cht bn dn ph thuc mnh vo nhit v tp
cht.
+ Cht bn dn c hai loi ht ti in l electron v l trng.
+ Dng in trong cht bn dn l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc
electron v l trng di tc dng ca in trng.
+ Bn dn cha no (tp cht cho) l bn dn loi n, c mt
electron rt ln so vi l trng. Bn dn cha axepto (tp cht nhn)
l bn dn loi p, c mt l trng rt ln so vi mt electron.
+ Lp chuyn tip p-n l ch tip xc gia hai min mang tnh dn
in p v n trn mt tinh th bn dn. Dng in ch chy qua c
lp chuyn tip p-n theo chiu t p sang n, nn lp chuyn tip p-n
c dng lm it bn dn chnh lu dng in xoay chiu.
B. CC CNG THC
+ S ph thuc ca in tr v in tr sut vo nhit :
R = R
0
(1 + (t t
0
)); =
0
(1 + (t t
0
)).
+ Sut in ng nhit in: E =
T
(T
2
T
1
).
+ nh lut Faraay: m =
n
A
F
1
It; m tnh ra gam th F = 96500 C/mol.
C. BI TP T LUN
1. Mt bng n 220 V - 100 W c dy tc lm bng vnfram. Khi
sng bnh thng th nhit ca dy tc bng n l 2000
0
C. Xc
nh in tr ca bng n khi thp sng v khi khng thp sng. Bit
nhit ca mi trng l 20
0
C v h s nhit in tr ca vnfram
l = 4,5.10
-3
K
-1
.
2. Mt bng n 220 V - 40 W c dy tc lm bng vnfram. in
tr ca dy tc bng n 20
0
C l R
0
= 121 . Tnh nhit ca dy
tc khi bng n sng bnh thng. Cho bit h s nhit in tr ca
vnfram l = 4,5.10
-3
K
-1
.
3. Dy tc ca bng n 220 V - 200 W khi sng bnh thng nhit
2500
0
C c in tr ln gp 10,8 ln so vi in tr 100
0
C. Tm
h s nhit in tr v in tr R
0
ca dy tc 100
0
C.
4. nhit t
1
= 25
0
C, hiu in th gia hai cc ca bng n l U
1
= 20 mV th cng dng in qua n l I
1
= 8 mA. Khi sng bnh
thng, hiu in th gia hai cc ca bng n l U
2
= 240 V th
cng dng in chy qua n l I
2
= 8 A. Tnh nhit ca dy
59
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
tc bng n khi n sng bnh thng. Bit h s nhit in tr ca
dy tc lm bng n l = 4,2.10
-3
K
-1
.
5. Mt mi hn ca cp nhit in c h s nhit in ng
T
=
65 V/K c t trong khng kh 20
0
C, cn mi hn kia c
nung nng n nhit 320
0
C. Tnh sut in ng nhit in ca
cp nhit in .
6. Mt mi hn ca cp nhit in nhng vo nc ang tan, mi
hn kia c nhng vo hi nc si. Dng milivn k o c sut
nhit in ng ca cp nhit in l 4,25 mV. Tnh h s nhit in
ng ca cp nhit in .
7. Nhit k in thc cht l mt cp nhit in dng o nhit
rt cao hoc rt thp m ta khng th dng nhit k thng thng
o c. Dng nhit k in c h s nhit in ng
T
= 42 V/K
o nhit ca mt l nung vi mt mi hn t trong khng kh
20
0
C cn mi hn kia t vo l th thy milivn k ch 50,2 mV.
Tnh nhit ca l nung.
8. Mt b ngun in gm 30 pin mc thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi
nhm c 10 pin mc song song; mi pin c sut in ng 0,9 V v
in tr trong 0,6 . Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch CuSO
4
c
in tr 205 c mc vo hai cc ca b ngun ni trn. Ant
ca bnh in phn bng ng. Tnh khi lng ng bm vo catt
ca bnh trong thi gian 50 pht. Bit Cu c A = 64; n = 2.
9. Chiu dy ca mt lp niken ph ln mt tm kim loi l h =
0,05 mm sau khi in phn trong 30 pht. Din tch mt ph ca tm
kim loi l 30 cm
2
. Xc nh cng dng in chy qua bnh in
phn. Bit niken c A = 58, n = 2 v c khi lng ring l =
8,9 g/cm
3
.
10. Mun m ng mt tm st c din tch tng cng 200 cm
2
,
ngi ta dng tm st lm catt ca mt bnh in phn ng dng
dch CuSO
4
v ant l mt thanh ng nguyn cht, ri cho dng
in c cng I = 10 A chy qua trong thi gian 2 gi 40 pht 50
giy. Tm b dy lp ng bm trn mt tm st. Cho bit ng c A
= 64; n = 2 v c khi lng ring = 8,9.10
3
kg/m
3
.
11. Ngi ta dng 36 ngun ging nhau, mi ngun c sut in
ng 1,5 V, in tr trong 0,9 cung cp in cho mt bnh in
phn ng dung dch ZnSO
4
vi cc dng bng km, c in tr R
= 3,6 . Hi phi mc hn hp i xng b ngun nh th no
dng in qua bnh in phn l ln nht. Tnh lng km bm vo
60
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
catt ca bnh in phn trong thi gian 1 gi 4 pht 20 giy. Bit Zn
c A = 65; n = 2.
12. Cho in nh hnh v. Trong b ngun c n pin mc ni tip,
mi pin c sut in ng 1,5 V v
in tr trong 0,5 . Mch ngoi
gm cc in tr R
1
= 20 ; R
2
=
9 ; R
3
= 2 ; n loi 3V - 3W;
R
p
l bnh in phn ng dung dch
AgNO
3
, c cc ng bng bc. in
tr ca ampe k v dy ni khng
ng k; in tr ca vn k rt ln.
Bit ampe k A
1
ch 0,6 A, ampe k A
2
ch 0,4 A. Tnh:
a) Cng dng in qua bnh in phn v in tr ca bnh
in phn.
b) S pin v cng sut ca b ngun.
c) S ch ca vn k.
d) Khi lng bc gii phng catt sau 32 pht 10 giy.
e) n c sng bnh thng khng? Ti sao?
13. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Ba ngun in
ging nhau, mi ci c sut in ng e v in
tr trong r. R
1
= 3 ; R
2
= 6 ; bnh in phn
cha dung dch CuSO
4
vi cc dng bng ng
v c in tr R
p
= 0,5 . Sau mt thi gian in
phn 386 giy, ngi ta thy khi lng ca bn
cc lm catt tng ln 0,636 gam.
a) Xc nh cng dng in qua bnh in phn v qua tng
in tr.
b) Dng mt vn c in tr rt ln mc vo 2 u A v C ca b
ngun. Nu b mch ngoi i th vn k ch 20 V. Tnh sut in
ng v in tr trong ca mi ngun
in.
14. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Bit
ngun c sut in ng E = 24 V, in
tr trong r = 1 ; t in c in dung
C = 4 F; n loi 6 V - 6 W; cc
in tr c gi tr R
1
= 6 ; R
2
= 4 ;
bnh in phn ng dung dch CuSO
4
61
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
v c ant lm bng Cu, c in tr R
p
= 2. B qua in tr ca
dy ni. Tnh:
a) in tr tng ng ca mch ngoi.
b) Khi lng Cu bm vo catt sau 16 pht 5 giy.
c) in tch ca t in.
15. Cho mch in nh hnh v:
B ngun gm 6 ngun ging nhau,
mi ngun c sut in ng e =
2,25 V, in tr trong r = 0,5 . Bnh
in phn c in tr R
p
cha dung
dch CuSO
4
, ant lm bng ng. T
in c in dung C = 6 F. n
loaij4 V - 2 W, cc in tr c gi tr
R
1
=
2
1
R
2
= R
3
= 1 . Ampe k c in tr khng ng k, b qua
in tr ca dy ni. Bit n sng bnh thng. Tnh:
a) Sut in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun.
b) Hiu in th U
AB
v s ch ca ampe k.
c) Khi lng ng bm vo catt sau 32 pht 10 giy v in tr
R
p
ca bnh in phn.
d) in tch v nng lng ca t in.
16. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong
b ngun gm 8 ngun ging nhau, mi
ci c sut in ng e = 5 V; c in tr
trong r = 0,25 mc ni tip; n c
loi 4 V - 8 W; R
1
= 3 ; R
2
= R
3
= 2 ;
R
B
= 4 v l bnh in phn ng dung
dch Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
c cc dng bng Al. iu
chnh bin tr R
t
n sng bnh
thng. Tnh:
a) in tr ca bin tr tham gia trong mch.
b) Lng Al gii phng cc m ca bnh in phn trong thi
gian 1 gi 4 pht 20 giy. Bit Al c n = 3 v c A = 27.
c) Hiu in th gia hai im A v M.
17. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong E
1
= 6 V; E
2
= 2 V ; r
1
= r
2
= 0,4 ; n loi 6 V - 3 W; R
1
= 0,2 ; R
2
= 3 ; R
3
= 4 ; R
B
= 1 v l bnh in phn ng dung dch AgNO
3
, c cc dng
bng Ag. Tnh:
62
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
a) Cng dng in chy trong mch
chnh.
b) Lng Ag gii phng cc m ca bnh
in phn trong thi gian 2 gi 8 pht 40 giy.
Bit Ag c n = 1 v c A = 108.
c) Hiu in th gia hai im M v N.
18. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong b
ngun c 8 ngun ging nhau, mi ngun c sut in ng e =
1,5 V, in tr trong r = 0,5 , mc thnh 2
nhnh, mi nhnh c 4 ngun mc ni tip. n
loi 3 V - 3 W; R
1
= R
2
= 3 ; R
3
= 2 ; R
B
= 1 v l bnh in phn ng dung dch
CuSO
4
, c cc dng bng Cu. Tnh:
a) Cng dng in chy trong mch
chnh.
b) Tnh lng Cu gii phng ra cc m trong thi gian 32 pht
10 giy. Bit Cu c nguyn t lng 64 v c ho tr 2.
c) Hiu in th gia hai im M v N.
19. Mt bnh in phn c ant l Ag nhng trong dung dch AgNO
3
,
mt bnh in phn khc c ant l Cu nhng trong dung dch
CuSO
4
. Hai bnh mc ni tip nhau vo mt mch in. sau 2 gi,
khi lng ca c hai catt tng ln 4,2 g. Tnh cng dng in
i qua hai bnh in phn v khi lng Ag v Cu bm vo catt mi
bnh.
20. Mt it in t c dng in bo ha I
bh
= 5 mA khi hiu in
th gia ant v catt l U = 10 V.
a) Tnh s electron p vo ant trong mt giy.
b) Tnh ng nng ca electron khi n ant, bit electron ri catt
khng vn tc ban u.
HNG DN GII
1. Khi thp sng in tr ca bng n l: R

P
U
2
= 484 . Khi
khng thp sng in tr ca bng n l: R
0
=
) ( 1
0
t t
R

+
= 48,8 .
2. Khi sng bnh thng: R

P
U
2
= 1210 .
63
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
V: R

= R
0
(1+(t t
0
)) t =
0
R
R

1
+ t
0
= 2020
0
C.
3. Khi sng bnh thng: R

P
U
2
= 242 .
nhit 100
0
C: R
0
=
8 , 10

R
= 22,4 .
V R

= R
0
(1+(t t
0
)) =
) (
0 0
t t R
R

-
0
1
t t
= 0,0041 K
-1
.
4. in tr ca dy tc 25
0
C: R
1
=
1
1
I
U
= 2,5 . in tr ca dy
tc khi sng bnh thng: R
2
=
2
2
I
U
= 30 .
V: R
2
= R
1
(1+(t
2
t
1
)) t
2
=
1
2
R
R

1
+ t
1
= 2644
0
C.
5. Ta c: E =
T
(T
2
T
1
) = 0,0195 V.
6. Ta c: E =
T
(T
2
T
1
)
T
=
1 2
T T
E
= 42,5.10
-6
V/K.
7. Ta c: E =
T
(T
2
T
1
) T
2
=
T
E

+ T
1
= 1488
0
K = 1215
0
C.
8. Ta c: E
b
= 3e = 2,7 V; r
b
= 3
10
r
= 0,18 ; I =
b
b
r R
E
+
= 0,01316 A;
m =
n
A
F
1
It = 0,013 g.
9. Ta c m = V = Sh = 1,335 g; m =
n
A
F
1
It I =
At
mFn
= 2,47 A.
10. Ta c: m =
n
A
F
1
It = Sh h =
S Fn
AIt

= 0,018 cm.
11. Gi x l s nhnh th mi nhnh s c y =
x
36
ngun. Khi :
E
b
= ye =
x
36
.1,5 =
x
54
; r
b
=
x
yr
=
2
4 , 32
x
; I =
b
b
r R
E
+
=
x
x
4 , 32
6 , 3
54
+
.
64
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
I = I
max
th 3,6x =
x
4 , 32
x = 3.
Vy phi mc thnh 3 nhnh, mi nhnh c 12 ngun mc ni tip.
Khi I
max
= 2,5 A; m =
n
A
F
1
It = 3,25 g.
12. a) Ta c: R

P
U
2
= 3 ; R
2
= R
2
+ R

= 12 ;
U
2
= U
3p
= U
CB
= I
A2
.R
2
= 4,8 V; I
3p
= I
3
= I
p
= I
A1
I
A2
= 0,2 A;
R
3p
=
p
p
I
U
3
3
= 24 ; R
p
= R
3p
R
3
= 22 .
b) in tr mch ngoi: R = R
1
+ R
CB
= R
1
+
I
U
CB
= 28 ;
I =
nr R
ne
+
16,8 + 0,3n = 1,5n n = 14 ngun;
Cng sut ca b ngun: P
ng
= Ie
b
= Ine = 12,6 W.
c) S ch vn k: U
V
= U = IR = 16,8 V.
d) Khi lng bc gii phng: m =
n
A
F
1
I
p
t = 0,432 g.
e) I

= I
A2
= 0,4 A < I
m
=

U
P
= 1 A nn n sng yu hn bnh
thng.
13. a) Ta c: m =
n
A
F
1
It I =
At
mFn
= 5 A; R
12
=
2 1
2 1
R R
R R
+
= 2 ;
U
12
= U
1
= U
2
= IR
12
= 10 V; I
1
=
1
1
R
U
=
3
10
A; I
2
=
2
2
R
U
=
3
5
A.
b) Khi b mch ngoi th U
V
= E
b
= 2e e =
2
V
U
= 10 V;
R = R
12
+ R
p
= 2,5 ; I =
r
r
R
E
b
+ +
2
12,5 + 7,5r = 20 r = 1 .
14. a) Ta c: R

P
U
2
= 6 ; R
1
= R
1
+ R

= 12 ;
65
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
R
12
=
2 1
2 1
R R
R R

+
= 3 ; R = R
p
+ R
12
= 5 .
b) I = I
p
=
r R
E
+
= 4 A; m =
n
A
F
1
I
p
t = 12,8 g.
c) U
12
= U
1
= U
2
= IR
12
= 12 V; I
1
= I
1
= I

R
U
1
1
= 1 A;
U
C
= U
AM
= U
AN
+ U
NM
= IR
p
+ I
1
R
1
= 14 V; q = CU
C
= 56.10
-6
C.
15. a) Ta c: E
b
= e + 2e + e = 4e = 9 V ; r
b
= r +
r
r 2
+ r = 3r = 1,5 .
b) Ta c: R

P
U
2
= 8 ; R
1
= R
1
+ R

= 9 . V n sng bnh
thng nn: I
1
= I
1
= I

= I
m
=

U
P
= 0,5 A;
U
AB
= U
1
= U
p2
= I
1
R
1
= 4,5 V; I =
b AB
b
AB
AB
r R R
E
R
U
+ +

3
4,5R
AB
+ 11,25 = 9R
AB
R
AB
= 2,5 .
S ch ampe k: I
A
= I =
AB
AB
R
U
= 1,8 A.
c) Ta c: I
p2
= I
p
= I
2
= I I
1
= 1,3 A; m =
n
A
F
1
I
p
t = 0,832 g;
R
p2
=
2
2
p
p
I
U
= 3,46 ; R
p
= R
p2
R
2
= 2,96 .
d) Ta c: U
C
= U
MN
= V
M
V
N
= V
M
V
B
+ V
B
V
N

= U
MB
U
NB
= I

- I
2
R
2
= 3,35 V;
q = CU
C
= 20,1.10
-6
C; W =
2
1
CU
2
= 33,67.10
-6
J.
16. a) Ta c: R

P
U
2
= 2 ; R
3
= R
3
+ R

= 4 ;
R
2B
= R
2
+ R
B
= 6 ; R
CD
=
B
B
R R
R R
3 2
3 2
+
= 2,4 .
V n sng bnh thng nn: I
3
= I
3
= I

= I
m
=

U
P
= 2 A;
66
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
U
3
= U
2B
= U
CD
= I
3
R
3
= 8 V; I =
CD
CD
R
U
=
3
10
A; E
b
= 8e = 40 V;
r
b
= 8r = 2 ; I =
b
b
r R
E
+

3
10
=
2
40
+ R
10R + 20 = 120
R = 10 ; R
t
= R R
1
R
CD
= 4,5 .
b) Ta c: U
CD
= U
2B
= U
3
= IR
CD
= 8 V;
I
2B
= I
2
= I
B
=
B
B
R
U
2
2
=
3
4
A; m =
n
A
F
1
I
B
t = 0,48 g.
c) U
AM
= V
A
V
M
= V
A
V
C
+ V
C
V
M
= U
AC
+ U
CM

= IR
1
+ I
2
R
2
= 12,67 V.
17. a) E
b
= E
1
+ E
2
= 8 V; r
b
= r
1
+ r
2
= 0,8 ; R

P
U
2
= 12 ;
R
2B
= R
2
+ R
B
= 4 ; R
CD
=
B
B
R R
R R
2
2
+
= 3 ;
R = R
1
+ R
CD
+ R
3
= 7,2 ; I =
b
b
r R
E
+
= 1 A.
b) U
CD
= U

= U
2B
= IR
CD
= 3 V; I
2B
= I
2
= I
B
=
B
B
R
U
1
2
= 0,75 A;
m =
n
A
F
1
I
B
t = 6,48 g.
c) U
MN
= V
M
V
N
= V
M
V
C
+ V
C
V
N
= U
MC
+ U
CN

= I(R
1
+ r
1
) E
1
+ I
2
R
2
= - 3,15 V; du - cho bit in
th im M thp hn in th im N.
18. a) E
b
= 4e = 6 V; r
b
=
2
4r
= 1 ; R

P
U
2
= 3 ;
R
2
= R

+ R
2
= 6 ; R
B3
= R
B
+ R
3
= 3 ; R
CB
=
3 2
3 2
B
B
R R
R R
+
= 2 ;
R = R
1
+ R
CB
= 4 ; I =
b
b
r R
E
+
= 1,2 A.
b) U
CB
= U
2
= U
B3
= IR
CB
= 2,4 V; I
B3
= I
B
= I
3
=
3
3
B
B
R
U
= 0,8 A;
m =
n
A
F
1
I
B
t = 0,512 g.
67
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
c) I
2
= I

= I
2
=
2
2

R
U
= 0,4 A;
U
MN
= V
M
V
N
= V
M
V
C
+ V
C
V
N
= - U
CM
+ U
CN

= - I

+ I
B
R
B
= - 0,4 V; du - cho bit in th im M thp
hn in th im N.
19. m
1
=
1
1
Fn
It A
; m
2
=
2
2
Fn
It A
; m
1
+ m
2
= (
1
1
n
A
+
1
1
n
A
)
F
It

I =
t
n
A
n
A
F m m

,
_

+
+
2
2
1
1
2 1
) (
= 0,4 A; m
1
=
1
1
Fn
It A
= 3,24 g;
m
2
= m m
1
= 0,96 g.
20. a) n =
e
I
bh
= 3,125.10
16
electron/s.
b) W

= eU = 1,6.10
-18
J.
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
1. Ht mang ti in trong kim loi l
A. ion dng v ion m. B. electron v ion dng.
C. electron. D. electron, ion dng v ion m.
2. Ht mang ti in trong cht in phn l
A. ion dng v ion m. B. electron v ion dng.
C. electron. D. electron, ion dng v ion m.
3. Cho dng in c cng 0,75 A chy qua bnh in phn ng
dung dch CuSO
4
c cc dng bng ng trong thi gian 16 pht 5
giy. Khi lng ng gii phng ra cc m l
A. 0,24 kg. B. 24 g. C. 0,24 g. D. 24 kg.
4. Khi nhit tng in tr ca kim loi tng l do
A. s electron t do trong kim loi tng.
B. s ion dng v ion m trong kim loi tng.
C. cc ion dng v cc electron chuyn ng hn n hn.
D. si dy kim loi n di ra.
5. Khi nhit tng in tr ca cht in phn gim l do
A. s electron t do trong bnh in phn tng.
B. s ion dng v ion m trong bnh in phn tng.
C. cc ion v cc electron chuyn ng hn n hn.
D. bnh in phn nng ln nn n rng ra.
68
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
6. Pht biu no di y khng ng? Bn dn tinh khit khc bn
dn pha ln tp cht ch
A. bn dn tinh khit c mt electron v l trng gn nh nhau.
B. cng mt nhit , mt ht mang in t do trong bn dn
tinh khit t hn trong bn dn c pha tp cht.
C. in tr ca bn dn tinh khit tng khi nhit tng.
D. khi thay di nhit in tr ca bn dn tinh khit thay i
nhanh hn in tr ca bn dn c pha tp cht.
7. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc ion dng, ion m v electron
l dng in trong mi trng
A. kim loi. B. cht in phn. C. cht kh. D. cht bn dn.
8. c c bn dn loi n ta phi pha vo bn dn tinh khit silic
mt t tp cht l cc nguyn t
A. thuc nhm II trong bng h thng tun hon.
B. thuc nhm III trong bng h thng tun hon.
C. thuc nhm IV trong bng h thng tun hon.
D. thuc nhm V trong bng h thng tun hon.
9. Hin tng to ra ht ti in trong dung dch in phn
A. l kt qu ca dng in chy qua cht in phn.
B. l nguyn nhn chuyn ng ca cc phn t.
C. l dng in trong cht in phn.
D. cho php dng in chy qua cht in phn.
10. Cho dng in c cng 2 A chy qua bnh in phn ng
dung dch mui ng c cc dng bng ng trong 1 gi 4 pht 20
giy. Khi lng ng bm vo cc m l
A. 2,65 g. B. 6,25 g. C. 2,56 g. D. 5,62 g.
11. Nguyn nhn lm xut hin cc ht ti in trong cht in phn
l
A. do s chnh lch nhit gia hai in cc.
B. do s phn li ca cc cht tan trong dung mi.
C. do s trao i electron vi cc in cc.
D. do nhit ca bnh in phn gim khi c dng in chy qua.
12. Bng n ca tivi hot ng in p (hiu in th) 30 kV. Gi
thit rng electron ri khi catt vi vn tc ban u bng khng.
ng nng ca electron khi chm vo mn hnh l
A. 4,8.10
-16
J. B. 4,8.10
-15
J. C. 8,4.10
-16
J. D. 8,4.10
-15
J.
13. Trong it bn dn, ngi ta s dng
A. hai loi bn dn tinh khit c bn cht khc nhau.
B. mt bn dn tinh khit v mt bn dn c pha tp cht.
69
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
C. hai loi bn dn c pha tp cht c bn cht khc nhau.
D. hai loi bn dn c pha tp cht c bn cht ging nhau.
14. Khi nhit tng th in tr ca cht in phn
A. tng. B. gim.
C. khng i. D. c khi tng c khi gim.
15. Nguyn nhn lm xut hin cc ht ti in trong cht kh iu
kin thng l
A. cc electron bt khi cc phn t kh.
B. s ion ha do va chm.
C. s ion ho do cc tc nhn a vo trong cht kh.
D. khng cn nguyn nhn no c v c sn ri.
16. Chn cu sai trong cc cu sau
A. Trong bn dn tinh khit cc ht ti in c bn l cc electron
v cc l trng.
B. Trong bn dn loi p ht ti in c bn l l trng.
C. Trong bn dn loi n ht ti in c bn l electron.
D. Trong bn dn loi p ht ti in c bn l electron.
17. iu no sau y l sai khi ni v lp chuyn tip p-n?
Lp chuyn tip p-n
A. c in tr ln v gn c rt t cc hi ti in t do.
B. dn in tt theo chiu t p sang n.
C. dn in tt theo chiu t n sang p.
D. c tnh cht chnh lu.
18. Dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn ng c hng ca
A. cc ion dng cng chiu in trng.
B. cc ion m ngc chiu in trng.
C. cc electron t do ngc chiu in trng.
D. cc prtn cng chiu in trng.
19. Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca vt dn lm bng kim loi l
A. do cc electron va chm vi cc ion dng nt mng.
B. do cc electron dch chuyn qu chm.
C. do cc ion dng va chm vi nhau.
D. do cc nguyn t kim loi va chm mnh vi nhau.
20. Trong dung dch in phn, cc ht ti in c to thnh do
A. cc electron bt ra khi nguyn t trung ha.
B. s phn li cc phn t thnh ion.
C. cc nguyn t nhn thm electron.
D. s ti hp cc ion thnh phn t.
70
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
21. Khi nhit tng th in tr ca cht bn dn tinh khit
A. tng. B. gim.
C. khng i. D. c khi tng c khi gim.
22. Hin tng siu dn l hin tng m khi ta h nhit xung
di nhit T
C
no th in tr ca kim loi (hay hp kim)
A. tng n v cc.
B. gim n mt gi tr khc khng.
C. gim t ngt n gi tr bng khng.
D. khng thay i.
23. Khi vt dn trng thi siu dn, in tr ca n
A. v cng ln. B. c gi tr m.
C. bng khng. D. c gi tr dng xc nh.
24. Chn cu sai
A. iu kin bnh thng, khng kh l in mi.
B. Khi b t nng cht kh tr nn dn in.
C. Nh tc nhn ion ha, trong cht kh xut hin cc ht ti in.
D. Khi nhit h n di 0
0
C cc cht kh dn in tt.
25. c th to ra s phng tia la in gia hai in cc t trong
khng kh iu kin thng th
A. hiu in th gia hai in cc khng nh hn 220 V.
B. hai in cc phi t rt gn nhau.
C. in trng gia hai in cc phi c cng trn 3.10
6
V/m.
D. hai in cc phi lm bng kim loi.
26. Khi cht kh b t nng, cc ht ti in trong cht kh
A. ch l ion dng. B. ch l electron.
C. ch l ion m. D. l electron, ion dng v ion m.
27. Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s nhit in ng
T
c t trong khng kh 20
0
C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng
n 500
0
C, sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit in khi l
6 mV. H s nhit in ng ca cp nhit in l
A. 125.10
-6
V/K. B. 25.10
-6
V/K.
C. 125.10
-7
V/K. D. 6,25.10
-7
V/K.
28. to ra h quang in gia hai thanh than, lc u ngi ta cho
hai thanh than tip xc vi nhau sau tch chng ra. Vic lm trn
nhm mc ch
A. to ra s pht x nhit electron.
B. cc thanh than nhim in tri du.
C. cc thanh than trao i in tch.
D. to ra hiu in th ln hn.
71
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
29. bn dn tinh khit
A. s electron t do lun nh hn s l trng.
B. s electron t do lun ln hn s l trng.
C. s electron t do v s l trng bng nhau.
D. tng s electron v l trng bng 0.
30. Lp chuyn tip p - n:
A. c in tr rt nh.
B. dn in tt theo mt chiu t p sang n.
C. khng cho dng in chy qua.
D. ch cho dng in chy theo chiu t n sang p.
31. Mt bnh in phn cha dung dch bc nitrat (AgNO
3
) c in
tr 2,5 . Ant ca bnh bng bc v hiu in th t vo hai in
cc ca bnh in phn l 10 V. Bit bc c A = 108 g/mol, c n = 1.
Khi lng bc bm vo catt ca bnh in phn sau 16 pht 5 giy
l
A. 4,32 mg. B. 4,32 g. C. 2,16 mg. D. 2,14 g.
32. Mt dy bch kim 20
0
C c in tr sut
0
= 10,6.10
-8
m.
Tnh in tr sut ca dy dn ny 500
0
C. Bit h s nhit in
tr ca bch kim l = 3,9.10
-3
K
-1
.
A. = 31,27.10
-8
m. B. = 20,67.10
-8
m.
C. = 30,44.10
-8
m. D. = 34,28.10
-8
m.
33. Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch ng sunfat (CuSO
4
) vi
ant bng ng. Khi cho dng in khng i chy qua bnh ny
trong khong thi gian 30 pht, th thy khi lng ng bm vo
catt l 1,143 g. Bit ng c A = 63,5 g/mol, n = 1. Cng dng
in chy qua bnh in phn l
A. 1,93 mA. B. 1,93 A. C. 0,965 mA. D. 0,965 A.
34. Mt mi hn ca cp nhit in c h s nhit nhit in ng
T
= 65 V/K t trong khng kh 20
0
C, cn mi hn kia c nung
nng n nhit 232
0
C. Sut nhit in ng ca cp nhit in khi
l
A. 13,00 mV. B. 13,58 mV. C. 13,98 mV. D. 13,78 mV.
35. Tia la in hnh thnh do
A. Catt b cc ion dng p vo lm pht ra electron.
B. Catt b nung nng pht ra electron.
C. Qu trnh tao ra ht ti in nh in trng mnh.
D. Cht kh b ion ha do tc dng ca tc nhn ion ha.
72
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
36. in tr sut ca vt dn ph thuc vo
A. chiu di ca vt dn.
B. chiu di v tit din vt dn.
D. tit din ca vt dn.
C. nhit v bn cht ca vt dn.
37. Pht biu no di y khng ng vi kim loi?
A. in tr sut tng khi nhit tng.
B. Ht ti in l cc ion t do.
C. Khi nhit khng i, dng in tun theo nh lut m.
D. Mt ht ti in khng ph thuc vo nhit .
38. Mt bng n sng bnh thng hiu in th 220 V th dy tc
c in tr xp x 970 . Hi bng n c th thuc loi no di
y?
A. 220 V - 25 W. B. 220 V - 50 W.
C. 220 V - 100 W. D. 220 V - 200 W.
39. ng lng in ha ca niken k = 0,3.10
-3
g/C. Mt in lng
2C chy qua bnh in phn c ant bng niken th khi lng ca
niken bm vo catt l
A. 6.10
-3
g. B. 6.10
-4
g. C. 1,5.10
-3
g. D. 1,5.10
-4
g.
40. Mt cp nhit in c u A t trong nc ang tan, cn u
B cho vo nc ang si, khi sut in ng nhit in l 2 mV.
Nu a u B ra khng kh c nhit 20
0
C th sut in ng
nhit in bng bao nhiu?
A. 4.10
-3
V. B. 4.10
-4
V. C. 10
-3
V. D. 10
-4
V.
41. ng lng in ha ca ng l k = 3,3.10
-7
kg/C. Mun cho
trn catt ca bnh in phn cha dung dch CuSO
4
, vi cc dng
bng ng xut hin 16,5 g ng th in lng chy qua bnh phi l
A. 5.10
3
C. B. 5.10
4
C. C. 5.10
5
C. D. 5.10
6
C.
42. i vi dng in trong cht kh
A. Mun c qu trnh phng in t lc trong cht kh th phi c
cc electron pht ra t catt.
B. Mun c qu trnh phng in t lc trong cht kh, th catt
phi c t nng .
C. Khi phng in h quang, cc ion trong khng kh n p vo
catt lm catt pht ra electron.
D. Hiu in th gia hai in cc to ra tia la in trong
khng kh ch ph thuc vo hnh dng in cc, khng ph thuc
vo khong cch gia chng.
73
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
43. tin hnh cc php o cn thit cho vic xc nh ng lng
in ha ca kim loi no , ta cn phi s dng cc thit b
A. cn, ampe k, ng h bm giy.
B. cn, vn k, ng h bm giy.
C. vn k, m k, ng h bm giy.
D. ampe k, vn k, ng h bm giy.
44. Mt thanh kim loi c in tr 10 khi nhit 20
0
C, khi
nhit l 100
0
C th in tr ca n l 12 . H s nhit in tr
ca kim loi l
A. 2,5.10
-3
K
-1
. B. 2.10
-3
K
-1
. C. 5.10
-3
K
-1
. D. 10
-3
K
-1
.
45. nhit 25
0
C, hiu in th gia hai u bng n l 20 V,
cng dng in l 8 A. Khi n sng bnh thng, cng
dng in vn l 8 A, nhit ca bng n khi l 2644
0
C. Hi
hiu in th hai u bng n lc l bao nhiu? Bit h s nhit
in tr ca dy tc bng n l 4,2.10
-3
K
-1
.
A. 240 V. B. 300 V. C. 250 V. D. 200 V.
46. Lp chuyn tip p-n c tnh dn in
A. tt khi dng in i t n sang p v rt km khi dng in i t p
sang n.
B. tt khi dng in i t p sang n v khng tt khi dng in i t
n sang p.
C. tt khi dng in i t p sang n cng nh khi dng in i t n
sang p.
D. khng tt khi dng in i t p sang n cng nh khi dng in
i t n sang p.
47. Cu no di y ni v tp cht no v tp cht axepto trong
bn dn l khng ng?
A. Tp cht no lm tng cc electron dn trong bn dn tnh
khit.
B. Tp cht axepto lm tng cc l trng trong bn dn tinh khit.
C. Tp cht axepto lm tng cc electron trong bn dn tinh khit.
D. Bn dn tinh khit khng pha tp cht th mt electron t do
v cc l trng tng ng nhau.
P N
1C. 2A. 3C. 4C. 5B. 6C. 7C. 8D. 9D. 10C. 11B. 12B. 13C. 14B. 15C.
16D. 17C. 18C. 19A. 20B. 21B. 22C. 23C. 24D. 25C. 26D. 27C. 28A.
29C. 30B. 31B. 32C. 33B. 34D. 35C. 36C. 37B. 38B. 39B. 40B. 41B.
42C. 43A. 44A. 45A. 46B. 47C.
74
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
IV. T TRNG
A. TM TT L THUYT
1. T trng
+ Xung quanh mi nam chm hay mi dng in tn ti mt t
trng.
+ T trng l mt dng vt cht m biu hin c th l s xut hin
lc t tc dng ln mt nam chm hay mt dng in t trong
khong khng gian c t trng.
+ Ti mt im trong khng gian c t trng, hng ca t trng
l hng Nam - Bc ca kim nam chm nh nm cn bng ti im
.
+ ng sc t l nhng ng v trong khng gian c t trng,
sao cho tip tuyn ti mi im c phng trng vi phng ca t
trng ti im .
+ Cc tnh cht ca ng sc t:
- Ti mi im trong khng gian c t trng ch v c mt
ng sc t.
- Cc ng sc t l nhng ng cong khp kn hoc v hn
hai u.
- Chiu ca cc ng sc t tun theo nhng quy tc xc nh
(quy tc nm tay phi, quy tc vo Nam ra Bc).
- Quy c v cc ng sc t sao cho ch no t trng mnh th
cc ng sc t mau v ch no t trng yu th cc ng sc t
tha.
2. Cm ng t
+ Ti mi im trong khng gian c t trng xc nh mt vc t
cm ng t:
- C hng trng vi hng ca t trng;
- C ln bng
Il
F
, vi F l ln ca lc t tc dng ln phn
t dng in c di l, cng I, t vung gc vi hng ca t
trng ti im .
n v cm ng t l tesla (T).
T trng u l t trng m cm ng t ti mi im u bng
nhau. ng sc t ca t trng u l cc ng thng song song,
cch u nhau.
+ Vc t cm ng t

B
do dng in thng rt di gy ra:
C im t ti im ta xt;
75
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
C phng vung gc vi mt phng cha dy dn v im ta
xt;
C chiu xc nh theo qui tc nm tay phi: bn tay phi sao
cho ngn ci nm dc theo dy dn v ch theo chiu dng in, khi
cc ngn kia khum li cho ta chiu ca cc ng sc t;
C ln: B = 2.10
-7
r
I
.
+ Vc t cm ng t

B
do dng in chy trong khung dy trn gy
ra ti tm ca vng dy:
C im t ti tm vng dy;
C phng vung gc vi mt phng cha vng dy;
C chiu: xc nh theo qui tc nm tay phi hoc vo Nam ra
Bc.
C ln: B = 2.10
-7
.
r
NI
(N l s vng dy).
+ Vc t cm ng t

B
do dng in chy trong ng dy di trong
lng ng dy (vng c t trng u):
C im t ti im ta xt;
C phng song song vi trc ca ng dy;
C chiu xc nh theo qui tc nm tay phi hoc vo Nam ra
Bc;
C ln: B = 4.10
-7
l
N
I = 4.10
-7
nI.
+ Nguyn l chng cht t trng:

+ + +
n
B B B B ...
2 1
.
3. Lc t
+ Lc t tc dng ln on dy dn c chiu di l c dng in I chy
qua t trong t trng:
C im t ti trung im ca on dy;
C phng vung gc vi on dy v vi ng sc t;
C chiu xc nh theo qui tc bn tay tri: bn ta tri sao cho
vc t cm ng t

B
hng vo lng bn tay, chiu t c tay n
ngn gia l chiu dng in chy trong on dy, khi chiu ngn
tay ci choi ra ch chiu ca lc t

F
;
C ln: F = BIlsin.
+ Lc Lo-ren-x
76
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Lc Lo-ren-x l lc do t trng tc dng ln ht mang in
chuyn ng.
Lc Lo-ren-x

f
:
- C im t trn in tch;
- C phng vung gc vi

v
v

B
;
- C chiu: xc nh theo qui tc bn tay tri: bn tay tri m
rng sao cho vc t

B
hng vo lng bn tay, chiu t c tay n
ngn tay gia l chiu ca

v
khi q > 0 v ngc chiu

v
khi q < 0.
Lc , chiu ca lc Lo-ren-x l chiu ngn ci choi ra;

- C ln f = |q|vBsin.
B. CC CNG THC
+ Cm ng t do dng in chy trong dy dn thng gy ra ti im
cch dy dn mt khong r: B = 2.10
-7
r
I
.
+ Cm ng t do dng in chy trong vng dy trn gy ra ti tm
vng dy: B = 2.10
-7
.
r
NI
(N l s vng dy).
+ Cm ng t do dng in chy trong ng dy di hnh tr gy ra
trong lng ng dy: B = 4.10
-7
l
N
I = 4.10
-7
nI.
+ Nguyn l chng cht t trng:

+ + +
n
B B B B ...
2 1
.
+ Lc t tc dng ln on dy dn mang dng in: F = BIlsin.
C. BI TP T LUN
1. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 20 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in ngc chiu, c cng I
1
= 12 A;
I
2
= 15 A chy qua. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in
ny gy ra ti im M cch dy dn mang dng I
1
15 cm v cch dy
dn mang dng I
2
5 cm.
2. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 10 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in ngc chiu, c cng I
1
= 6 A;
I
2
= 12 A chy qua. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in
ny gy ra ti im M cch dy dn mang dng I
1
5 cm v cch dy
dn mang dng I
2
15 cm.
77
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
3. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 10 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in cng chiu, c cng I
1
= 9 A;
I
2
= 16 A chy qua. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in
ny gy ra ti im M cch dy dn mang dng I
1
6 cm v cch dy
dn mang dng I
2
8 cm.
4. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 20 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in ngc chiu, c cng I
1
= I
2
= 12 A
chy qua. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in ny gy ra
ti im M cch dy dn mang dng I
1
16 cm v cch dy dn mang
dng I
2
12 cm.
5. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 20 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in ngc chiu, cng cng I
1
= I
2
= 9 A
chy qua. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in ny gy ra
ti im M cch u hai dy dn mt khong 30 cm.
6. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 10 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in cng chiu, cng cng I
1
= I
2
= 6 A
chy qua. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in ny gy ra
ti im M cch u hai dy dn mt khong 20 cm.
7. Hai dy n thng di v hn, t song song trong khng kh cch
nhau mt on d = 12 cm c cc dng in cng chiu I
1
= I
2
= I =
10 A chy qua. Mt im M cch u hai dy dn mt on x.
a) Khi x = 10 cm. Tnh ln cm ng t tng hp do hai dng
in chy trong hai dy dn gy ra ti im M.
b) Hy xc nh x ln cm ng t tng hp do hai dng
in gy ra t gi tr cc i. Tnh gi tr cc i .
8. Hai dy n thng di v hn, t song song trong khng kh cch
nhau mt on d = 2a c cc dng in ngc chiu cng cng I
1
= I
2
= I chy qua.
a) Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in ny gy ra ti
im M cch u hai dy dn mt on x.
b) Hy xc nh x ln cm ng t tng hp do hai dng
in gy ra t gi tr cc i. Tnh gi tr cc i .
9. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 15 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in cng chiu, c cng I
1
= 10 A,
I
2
= 5 A chy qua. Xc nh im M m ti cm ng t tng hp
do hai dng in ny gy ra bng 0.
10. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t song song, cch nhau 10 cm trong
khng kh, c hai dng in ngc chiu, c cng I
1
= 20A,
78
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
I
2
= 10A chy qua. Xc nh im N m ti cm ng t tng hp
do hai dng in ny gy ra bng 0.
11. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t trong khng kh, trng vi hai trc
ta vung gc xOy. Dng in qua dy Ox chy cng chiu vi
chiu dng ca trc ta v c cng I
1
= 2 A, dng in qua
dy Oy chy ngc chiu vi chiu dng ca trc ta v c
cng I
2
= 3 A. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in
ny gy ra ti im A c ta x = 4 cm v y = -2 cm.
12. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t trong khng kh, trng vi hai trc
ta vung gc xOy. Dng in qua dy Ox chy ngc chiu vi
chiu dng ca trc ta v c cng I
1
= 6 A, dng in qua
dy Oy chy cng chiu vi chiu dng ca trc ta v c cng
I
2
= 9 A. Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in ny gy
ra ti im M c ta x = 4 cm v y = 6 cm.
13. Hai dy dn thng, rt di, t trong khng kh, trng vi hai trc
to vung gc xOy. Dng in qua cc dy dn u cng chiu
vi chiu dng ca trc ta v c cng cng I
1
= I
2
= 12 A.
Xc nh cm ng t tng hp do hai dng in ny gy ra ti im
A c ta x = - 6 cm v y = - 4 cm.
14. Mt vng dy trn t trong chn khng c bn kn R = 10 cm
mang dng in I = 50 A.
a) Tnh ln ca vc t cm ng t ti tm vng dy.
b) Nu cho dng in trn qua vng dy c bn kn R = 4R th
cm ng t ti tm vng dy c ln l bao nhiu?
15. Mt khung dy trn t trong chn khng c bn kn R = 12 cm
mang dng in I = 48 A. Bit khung dy c 15
vng. Tnh ln ca vc t cm ng t ti tm
vng dy.
16. Mt dy dn thng, di c v bc cch in,
khong gia c un thnh vng trn, bn
knh R = 20 cm nh hnh v. Dng in chy
qua dy dn c cng 5 A. Xc nh cm ng
t ti tm O ca vng trn.
17. Mt dy dn ng knh tit din d = 0,5 mm c ph mt lp
sn cch in mng v qun thnh mt ng dy, cc vng dy qun
st nhau. Cho dng in c cng I = 2 A chy qua ng dy. Xc
nh cm ng t ti mt im trn trc trong ng dy.
79
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
18. Cho dng in cng I = 0,15 A chy qua cc vng dy ca
mt ng dy, th cm ng t bn trong ng dy l B = 35.10
-5
T. ng
dy di 50 cm. Tnh s vng dy ca ng dy.
19. Dng mt dy ng c ph mt lp sn cch in mng, qun
quanh mt hnh tr di L = 50 cm, c ng knh d = 4 cm lm
mt ng dy. Si dy qun ng dy c chiu di l = 314 cm v cc
vng dy c qun st nhau. Hi nu cho dng in cng I =
0,4 A chy qua ng dy, th cm ng t bn trong ng dy bng bao
nhiu?
20. Mt ng dy t trong khng kh sao cho trc ng dy vung gc
vi mt phng kinh tuyn t. Thnh phn nm ngang ca t trng
Tri t B
0
= 2.10
-5
T. ng dy di 50 cm c qun mt lp vng
dy st nhau. Trong lng ng dy c treo mt kim nam chm.
a) Cho dng in I = 0,2 A chy qua ng dy th kim nam chm
quay lch so vi hng Nam - Bc lc u l 45
0
. Tnh s vng dy
ca ng dy.
b) Cho dng in I = 0,1 A qua ng dy th kim nam chm quay
lch mt gc bao nhiu?
21. Mt electron bay vo trong t trng u vi vn tc ban u
vung gc vi vc t cm ng t. Bit v = 2.10
5
m/s, B = 0,2 T. Tnh
lc Lo-ren-x tc dng ln electron.
22. Mt prtn bay vo trong t trng u theo phng lm vi
ng sc t mt gc 30
0
vi vn tc 3.10
7
m/s, t trng c cm
ng t 1,5 T. Tnh lc Lo-ren-x tc dng ln prtn.
23. Cho mt khung dy hnh ch nht ABCD c AB =
15 cm; BC = 25 cm, c dng in I = 5A chy qua t
trong mt t trng u c cc ng cm ng t
vung gc vi mt phng cha khung dy v hng t
ngoi vo trong nh hnh v. Bit B = 0,02T. Xc nh
cc vc t lc t do t trng u tc dng ln cc
cnh ca khung dy.
24. Cho mt khung dy hnh ch nht ABCD
c AB = 10 cm ; BC = 20 cm, c dng in I
= 4A chy qua t trong mt t trng u c
cc ng sc t song song vi mt phng
cha khung dy nh hnh v. Bit B = 0,04 T.
Xc nh cc vc t lc t do t trng u
tc dng ln cc cnh ca khung dy.
80
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
25. Cho mt khung dy hnh ch nht ABCD c
AB = 10 cm; BC = 20 cm, c dng in I = 5 A
chy qua t trong mt t trng u c cc
ng sc t song song vi mt phng cha
khung dy v hp vi cnh AD mt gc = 30
0
nh hnh v. Bit B = 0,02 T. Xc nh cc vc
t lc t do t trng u tc dng ln cc cnh
AB v AD.
26. Cho hai dy dn thng, di, song song
v mt khung dy hnh ch nht cng nm
trong mt mt phng t trong khng kh v
c cc dng in chy qua nh hnh v.
Bit I
1
= 15 A; I
2
= 10 A; I
3
= 4 A; a =
15 cm; b = 10 cm; AB = 15 cm; BC =
20 cm. Xc nh lc t do t trng ca hai
dng in chy trong hai dy dn thng tc
dng ln cnh BC ca khung dy.
27. Cho hai dy dn thng, di, song song
v mt khung dy hnh ch nht cng nm
trong mt mt phng t trong khng kh
v c cc dng in chy qua nh hnh v.
Bit I
1
= 12 A; I
2
= 15 A; I
3
= 4A; a = 20
cm; b = 10 cm; AB = 10 cm; BC = 20
cm. Xc nh lc t do t trng ca hai
dng in chy trong hai dy dn thng tc
dng ln cnh BC ca khung dy.
HNG DN GII
1. Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc
vi mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti A,
dng I
2
i ra ti B th cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra ti M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 1,6.10
-5
T; B
2
= 2.10
-7
BM
I
2
= 6.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
.
81
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
V

1
B
v

2
B
cng phng, cng chiu nn

B
cng phng, cng
chiu vi

1
B
v

2
B
v c ln B = B
1
+ B
2
= 7,6.10
-5
T.
2. Gi s hai dy dn c t
vung gc vi mt phng hnh v,
dng I
1
i vo ti A, dng I
2
i ra
ti B th cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy
ra ti M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c phng chiu nh hnh
v, c ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 2,4.10
-5
T; B
2
= 2.10
-7
BM
I
2
= 1,6.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l:

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
. V

1
B
v

2
B
cng
phng, ngc chiu v B
1
> B
2
nn

B
cng phng, chiu vi

1
B
v
c ln: B = B
1
- B
2
= 0,8.10
-5
T.
3. Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc
vi mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti
A, dng I
2
i vo ti B. Tam gic AMB
vung ti M. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra
ti M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 3.10
-5
T; B
2
= 2.10
-7
BM
I
2
= 4.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l:

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
c phng chiu nh
hnh v v c ln: B =
2
2
2
1
B B +
= 5.10
-5
T.
4. Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc
vi mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti A,
dng I
2
i ra ti B. Tam gic AMB vung
ti M. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra ti M
cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c phng
chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
82
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
B
1
= 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 1,5.10
-5
T;
B
2
= 2.10
-7
BM
I
2
= 2.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l:

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
c phng chiu nh hnh
v v c ln: B =
2
2
2
1
B B +
= 2,5.10
-5
T.
5. Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc vi
mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti A, dng
I
2
i ra ti B. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra ti
M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c phng
chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
B
1
= B
2
= 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 6.10
-6
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l:

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
c
phng chiu nh hnh v v c ln:
B = B
1
cos + B
2
cos = 2B
1
cos
= 2B
1
AM
AH
= 4.10
-6
T.
6. Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc vi
mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti A, dng I
2
i vo ti B. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra ti M
cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c phng
chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
B
1
= B
2
= 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 6.10
-6
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l:

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
c phng chiu nh hnh v v c
ln: B = 2B
1
cos = 2B
1
AM
AH AM
2 2

= 11,6.10
-6
T.
7. a) Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc vi mt phng hnh v,
dng I
1
i vo ti A, dng I
2
i vo ti B. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy
83
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
ra ti M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c phng chiu nh hnh
v, c ln:
B
1
= B
2
= 2.10
-7
x
I
= 2.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l:

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
c phng chiu nh hnh v
v c ln:
B = B
1
cos + B
2
cos = 2B
1
cos
= 2B
1
x
d
x
2
2
2

,
_

= 3,2.10
-5
T.
b) Theo cu a) ta c:
B
1
= B
2
= 2.10
-7
x
I
;
B = 2B
1
cos = 2.2.10
-7
x
I
x
d
x
2
2
2

,
_

= 4. 10
-7
I
4
2
2
4
1
x
d
x

;
B t cc i khi
4
2
2
4
1
x
d
x
=

,
_

2
2
2
2
2
4
1 .
4
.
4
x
d
x
d
d
t cc i; theo bt
ng thc Csi th

,
_

2
2
2
2
2
4
1 .
4
.
4
x
d
x
d
d
t cc i khi
2
2
4x
d
= 1 -
2
2
4x
d

x =
2
d
= 8,5 cm. Khi B
max
= 3,32.10
-5
T.
8. a) Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc
vi mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti A,
dng I
2
i ra ti B. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy
ra ti M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
c
phng chiu nh hnh v, c ln:
B
1
= B
2
= 2.10
-7
x
I
.
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
c
phng chiu nh hnh v v c ln:
84
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
B = B
1
cos + B
2
cos = 2B
1
cos = 2. 2.10
-7
x
I
.
x
a
= 4.10
-7
I
2
x
a
.
b) t MH = y; ta c x
2
= a
2
+ y
2
B = 4.10
-7
I
2 2
y a
a
+
; B t cc
i khi y = 0 x = a; khi B
max
= 4.10
-7
a
I
.
9. Gi s hai dy dn c t vung gc
vi mt phng hnh v, dng I
1
i vo ti
A, dng I
2
i vo ti B. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra ti M cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
.
cm ng t tng hp ti M bng 0
th

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
=

1
B
= -

2
B
tc l

1
B
v

2
B
phi cng phng,
ngc chiu v bng nhau v ln. tha mn cc iu kin
th M phi nm trn ng thng ni A, B; nm trong on thng
AB.
Vi B
1
= B
2
th 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 2.10
-7
AM AB
I

2
AM =
2 1
1
.
I I
I AB
+
= 10 cm; MB = 5 cm.
Vy im M phi nm trn ng thng cch dy dn mang dng
I
1
10 cm v cch dy dn mang dng I
2
5 cm; ngoi ra cn c cc
im rt xa hai dy dn cng c cm ng t tng hp do hai dng
in ny gy ra cng bng 0 v cm ng t do mi dng in gy ra
cc im cch rt xa n bng 0.
10. Gi s hai dy dn c t
vung gc vi mt phng hnh v,
dng I
1
i vo ti A, dng I
2
i ra ti
B. Cc dng in I
1
v I
2
gy ra ti M
cc vc t cm ng t

1
B
v

2
B
.
cm ng t tng hp ti M bng 0 th

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
=

1
B
= -

2
B
tc l

1
B
v

2
B
phi cng phng, ngc
chiu v bng nhau v ln. tha mn cc iu kin th M
phi nm trn ng thng ni A, B; nm ngoi on thng AB, gn
dy dn mang dng I
2
hn (v I
1
> I
2
).
85
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Vi B
1
= B
2
th 2.10
-7
AM
I
1
= 2.10
-7
AB AM
I

2
AM =
2 1
1
.
I I
I AB

= 20 cm; BM = 10 cm.
Vy im M phi nm trn ng thng cch dy dn mang dng
I
1
20 cm v cch dy dn mang dng I
2
10 cm; ngoi ra cn c cc
im rt xa hai dy dn cng c cm ng t tng hp do hai dng
in ny gy ra cng bng 0 v cm ng t do mi dng in gy ra
cc im cch rt xa n bng 0.
11. Dng I
1
gy ra ti A vc t cm ng t

1
B
vung gc vi mt
phng xOy, hng t ngoi vo, c ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
| |
1
y
I
= 2.10
-5
T.
Dng I
2
gy ra ti A vc t cm ng t

2
B
vung gc vi mt phng xOy, hng
t trong ra, c ln:
B
2
= 2.10
-7
| |
2
x
I
= 1,5.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti A l

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
. V

1
B
v

2
B
cng
phng, ngc chiu v B
1
> B
2
nn

B
cng phng, cng chiu vi

1
B
v c ln B = B
1
B
2
= 0,5.10
-5
T.
12. Dng I
1
gy ra ti M vc t cm ng t

1
B
vung gc vi mt phng xOy, hng
t ngoi vo, c ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
| |
1
y
I
= 2.10
-5
T.
Dng I
2
gy ra ti M vc t cm ng t

2
B
vung gc vi mt phng xOy, hng
t ngoi vo, c ln:
B
2
= 2.10
-7
| |
2
x
I
= 4,5.10
-5
T.
86
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Cm ng t tng hp ti M l

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
. V

1
B
v

2
B
cng
phng, cng chiu v nn

B
cng phng, cng chiu vi

1
B
v

2
B
v c ln B = B
1
+ B
2
= 6,5.10
-5
T.
13. Dng I
1
gy ra ti A vc t cm
ng t

1
B
vung gc vi mt phng
xOy, hng t ngoi vo, c ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
| |
1
y
I
= 6.10
-5
T.
Dng I
2
gy ra ti A vc t cm ng
t

2
B
vung gc vi mt phng xOy,
hng t trong ra, c ln:
B
2
= 2.10
-7
| |
2
x
I
= 4.10
-5
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti A l

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
. V

1
B
v

2
B
cng
phng, ngc chiu v B
1
> B
2
nn

B
cng phng, cng chiu vi

1
B
v c ln B = B
1
B
2
= 2.10
-5
T.
14. a) ln cm ng t ti tm vng dy:
B = 2.10
-7
R
I
= 31,4.10
-5
T.
b) Vi vng dy c bn knh R = 4R th:
B = 2.10
-7
R
I
4
=
4
B
= 7,85.10
-5
T.
15. B = 2.10
-7
N
R
I
= 367,8.10
-5
T.
16. Dng in chy trong vng trn gy ra
ti tm O cm ng t

1
B
vung gc vi mt
phng hnh v, hng t ngoi vo v c
ln:
B
1
= 2.10
-7
R
I
= 15,7.10
-6
T.
87
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Dng in chy trong dy dn thng gy ra ti tm O cm ng t

2
B
vung gc vi mt phng hnh v, hng t trong ra v c ln:
B
2
= 2.10
-7
R
I
= 5.10
-6
T.
Cm ng t tng hp ti O l

B
=

1
B
+

2
B
. V

1
B
v

2
B
cng
phng, ngc chiu v B
1
> B
2
nn

B
cng phng, cng chiu vi

1
B
v c ln B = B
1
B
2
= 10,7.10
-6
T.
17. S vng dy qun st nhau trn ng dy: N =
d
l
. Cm ng t ti
mt im bn trong ng dy: B = 4.10
-7
l
N
I = 5.10
-4
T.
18. B = 4.10
-7
l
N
I N =
I
lB
7
10 . 4

= 929 vng.
19. Chu vi ca mi vng dy: d, s vng dy: N =
d
l

.
Cm ng t bn trong ng dy:
B = 4.10
-7
L
N
I = 4.10
-7
dL
l

I = 2,5.10
-5
T.
20. a) Kim nam chm s c nh hng theo
hng ca t trng tng hp. V cm ng t

d
B
do dng in chy trong ng dy gy ra
vung gc vi cm ng t

0
B
ca t trng Tri
t, m cm ng t tng hp

B
=

d
B
+

0
B
hp
vi

0
B
gc 45
0
nn B
d
= B
0
= 2.10
-5
T.
Ta c: B
d
= 4.10
-7
L
N
I = B
0

N =
I
LB
7
0
10 . 4

= 40 vng.
b) B
/
d
= 4.10
-7
L
N
I =
2
d
B
= 10
-5
T
88
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
(v I =
2
I
); tan =
0
/
B
B
d
=
2
1
= tan26,6
0
= 26,6
0
.
21. Ta c: f = evBsin = 0,64.10
-14
N.
22. Ta c: f = evBsin = 7,2.10
-12
N.
23. Cc lc t tc dng ln tng cnh ca
khung dy c im t ti trung im ca mi
cnh, c phng nm trong mt phng cha
khung dy v vung gc vi tng cnh, c
chiu nh hnh v v c ln:
f
AB
= f
CD
= B.I.AB = 15.10
-3
N;
f
BC
= f
AD
= B.I.BC = 25.10
-3
N.
24. Cc cnh AB v CD song song vi cc
ng sc t nn lc t tc dng ln cc cnh
ny bng 0. Lc t tc dng ln cc cnh BC
v AD c im t ti trung im ca mi
cnh, c phng vung gc vi mt phng
khung dy, lc tc dng ln cnh BC hng t
trong ra ngoi, lc tc dng ln cnh AD
hng t ngoi vo trong v c ln:
f
BC
= f
AD
= B.I.BC = 32.10
-3
N; hai lc ny to
thnh mt ngu lc c tc dng lm cho
khung dy quay n v tr m mt phng khung dy vung gc vi
cc ng sc t.
25. Cc lc t tc dng ln tng cnh ca khung
dy c im t ti trung im ca mi cnh, c
phng vung gc vi mt phng cha khung dy
v vung gc vi tng cnh, lc tc dng ln cc
cnh AB v BC hng t trong ra, cc lc tc
dng ln cc cnh CD v AD hng t ngoi vo
v c ln:
f
AB
= f
CD
= B.I.AB.sin(90
0
- ) = 8,66.10
-3
N;
f
BC
= f
AD
= B.I.BC.sin = 10
-2
N.
26. Dng I
1
gy ra ti cc im trn cnh BC ca khung dy vc t
cm ng t c phng vung gc vi mt
phng hnh v, c chiu hng t ngoi vo
v c ln B
1
= 2.10
-7
b AB a
I
+ +
1
; t
trng ca dng I
1
tc dng ln cnh BC lc
89
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
t

1
F
t ti trung im ca cnh BC, c phng nm trong mt
phng hnh v, vung gc vi BC v hng t A n B, c ln:
F
1
= B
1
I
3
BCsin90
0
= 2.10
-7
b AB a
BC I I
+ +
3 1
= 60.10
-7
N.
Lp lun tng t ta thy t trng ca dng I
2
tc dng ln cnh
BC lc t

2
F
c cng im t, cng phng, cng chiu vi

1
F
v
c ln F
2
= 2.10
-7
b
BC I I
3 2
= 128.10
-7
N.
Lc t tng hp do t trng ca hai dng I
1
v I
2
tc dng ln
cnh BC ca khung dy l

F
=

1
F
+

2
F
cng phng cng chiu vi

1
F
v

2
F
v c ln F = F
1
+ F
2
= 188.10
-7
N.
27. Dng I
1
gy ra ti cc im trn cnh BC ca khung dy vc t
cm ng t c phng vung gc vi mt
phng hnh v, c chiu hng t trong ra
v c ln B
1
= 2.10
-7
b
I
1
; t trng ca
dng I
1
tc dng ln cnh BC lc t

1
F
t
ti trung im ca cnh BC, c phng
nm trong mt phng hnh v, vung gc vi BC v hng t B n
A, c ln F
1
= B
1
I
3
BCsin90
0
= 2.10
-7
a
BC I I
3 1
= 192.10
-7
N.
Lp lun tng t ta thy t trng ca dng I
2
tc dng ln cnh
BC lc t

2
F
c cng im t, cng phng, ngc chiu vi

1
F
v
c ln F
2
= 2.10
-7
b a
BC I I
+
3 2
= 80.10
-7
N.
Lc t tng hp do t trng ca hai dng I
1
v I
2
tc dng ln
cnh BC ca khung dy l

F
=

1
F
+

2
F
cng phng cng chiu vi

1
F
v c ln F = F
1
- F
2
= 112.10
-7
N.
90
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
1. Mi t trng u pht sinh t
A. Cc nguyn t st. B. Cc nam chm vnh cu.
C. Cc mmen t. D. Cc in tch chuyn ng.
2. Mt nam chm vnh cu khng tc dng lc ln
A. Thanh st cha b nhim t. B. Thanh st b nhim t.
C. in tch khng chuyn ng. D. in tch chuyn ng.
3. Cm ng t bn trong ng dy di khng ph thuc vo
A. Mi trng trong ng dy.
B. Chiu di ng dy.
C. ng knh ng dy.
D. Dng in chy trong ng dy.
4. Khi mt li st t c lun vo trong ng dy dn din, cm ng
t bn trong lng ng dy
A. B gim nh cht t. B. B gim mnh.
C. Tng nh cht t. D. Tng mnh.
5. Hai dy dn thng, di song song mang dng in ngc chiu l
I
1
, I
2
. Cm ng t ti im cch u hai dy dn v nm trong mt
phng cha hai dy dn l
A. B = B
1
+ B
2
. B. B = |B
1
- B
2
|. C. B = 0. D. B = 2B
1
- B
2
.
6. Hai dy dn thng, di song song mang dng in cng chiu l I
1
,
I
2
. Cm ng t ti im cch u hai dy dn v nm trong mt phng
cha hai dy dn l
A. B = B
1
+ B
2
. B. B = |B
1
- B
2
|. C. B = 0. D. B = 2B
1
- B
2
.
7. t mt dy dn thng, di mang dng in 20 A trong mt t
trng u c vc t cm ng t vung gc vi dy, ngi ta thy
mi 50 cm ca dy chu lc t l 0,5 N. cm ng t c ln l
A. 5 T. B. 0,5 T. C. 0,05 T. D. 0,005 T.
8. Khi mt electron bay vo vng t trng theo qu o song song
vi cc ng sc t, th
A. Chuyn ng ca electron tip tc khng b thay i.
B. Hng chuyn ng ca electron b thay i.
C. Vn tc ca electron b thay i.
D. Nng lng ca electron b thay i.
9. Mt vng dy trn bn knh 30 cm c dng in chy qua. Cm
ng t ti tm vng dy l 3,14.10
-5
T. Cng dng in chy
trong vng dy l
A. 5 A. B. 10 A. C. 15 A. D. 20 A.
91
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
10. Mt dng in 20 A chy trong mt dy dn thng di t trong
khng kh. Cm ng t ti im cch dy 10 cm l
A. 10
-5
T. B. 2. 10
-5
T. C. 4. 10
-5
T. D. 8. 10
-5
T.
11. Hai dy dn thng, di v hn trng vi hai trc ta vung gc
xOy, c cc dng in I
1
= 2 A, I
2
= 5 A chy qua cng chiu vi
chiu dng ca cc trc to . Cm ng t ti im A c to
x = 2 cm, y = 4 cm l
A. 10
-5
T. B. 2. 10
-5
T. C. 4. 10
-5
T. D. 8. 10
-5
T.
12. Khi mt electron bay vo vng t trng theo qu o vung gc
vi cc ng sc t, th
A. Chuyn ng ca electron tip tc khng b thay i.
B. Hng chuyn ng ca electron b thay i.
C. ln vn tc ca electron b thay i.
D. Nng lng ca electron b thay i.
13. Khi hai dy dn thng, t gn nhau, song song vi nhau v c
hai dng in cng chiu chy qua th
A. Chng ht nhau. B. Chng y nhau.
C. Lc tng tc khng ng k. D. C lc ht, c lc y.
14. T trng ca mt thanh nam chm thng ging vi t tng to
bi
A. Mt dy dn thng c dng in chy qua.
B. Mt chm electron chuyn ng song song vi nhau.
C. Mt ng dy c dng in chy qua.
D. Mt vng dy c dng in chy qua.
15. Mt khung dy dn c dng in chy qua nm trong t trng
lun lun c xu hng quay mt phng ca khung dy n v tr
A. Vung gc vi cc ng sc t.
B. Song song vi cc ng sc t.
C. Song song hoc vung gc vi ng sc t tu theo chiu
dng in chy trong khung dy.
D. To vi cc ng sc t gc 45
0
.
16. Hai dy dn thng, t gn nhau, song song vi nhau c dng
in chy qua tng tc vi nhau mt lc kh ln v
A. Hai dy dn c khi lng.
B. Trong hai dy dn c cc in tch t do.
C. Trong hai dy dn c cc ion dng dao ng quanh nt mng
D. Trong hai dy dn c cc electron t do chuyn ng c hng.
92
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
17. Dng nam chm th ta c th bit c
A. mnh yu ca t trng ni t nam chm th.
B. Dng ng sc t ni t nam chm th.
C. ln v hng ca vc t cm ng t ni t nam chm th.
D. Hng ca vc t cm ng t ni t nam chm th.
18. Tng tc gia in tch ng yn v in tch chuyn ng l
A. Tng tc hp dn. B. Tng tc in.
C. Tng tc t. D. Va tng tc in va tng tc t.
19. Kim nam cham ca la bn t trn mt t ch hng Bc - Nam
a l v
A. Lc hp dn Tri t tc dng ln kim nam chm, nh hng
cho n.
B. Lc in ca Tri t tc dng ln kim nam chm, nh hng
cho n.
C. T trng ca Tri t tc dng ln kim nam chm, nh hng
cho n.
D. V mt l do khc cha bit.
20. Mt on dy dn mang dng in t trong t trng u. Lc
t ln nht tc dng ln on dy dn khi
A. on dy dn t song song vi cc ng sc t.
B. on dy dn t vung gc vi cc ng sc t.
C. on dy dn t hp vi cc ng sc t gc 45
0
.
D. on dy dn t hp vi cc ng sc t gc 60
0
.
21. on dy dn di 10 cm mang dng in 5 A t trong t trng
u c cm ng t 0,08 T. on dy t vung gc vi cc ng
sc t. Lc t tc dng ln on dy l
A. 0,01 N. B. 0,02 N. C. 0,04 N. D. 0 N.
22. on dy dn di 10cm mang dng in 5 A t trong t trng
u c cm ng t 0,08 T. on dy t hp vi cc ng sc t
gc 30
0
. Lc t tc dng ln on dy l
A. 0,01 N. B. 0,02 N. C. 0,04 N. D. 0,05 N.
23. Mt ht mang in tch q = 3,2.10
-19
C bay vo trong t trng
u, cm ng t B = 0,5 T, vi vn tc v = 10
6
m/s theo phng
vung gc vi cc ng sc t. Lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht l:
A. 0. B. 1,6.10
-13
N. C. 3,2.10
-13
N. D. 6,4.10
-13
N.
24. Mt dng in 20 A chy trong mt dy dn thng, di t trong
khng kh. Cm ng t ti im cch dy dn 20 cm l
A. 10
-5
T. B. 2.10
-5
T. C. 4.10
-5
T. D. 8.10
-5
T.
93
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
25. Mt dng in chy trong dy dn thng, di trong khng kh.
Cm ng t ti im cch dy dn 10 cm l 4.10
-5
T. Cm ng t ti
im cch dy 40 cm l
A. 10
-5
T. B. 2.10
-5
T. C. 4.10
-5
T. D. 8.10
-5
T.
26. Hai dy dn thng, di t song song vi nhau trong khng kh
cch nhau 16 cm c cc dng in I
1
= I
2
= 10 A chy qua cng chiu
nhau. Cm ng t ti im cch u hai dy dn 8 cm l
A. 0. B. 10
-5
T. C. 2,5.10
-5
T. D. 5. 10
-5
T.
27. Hai dy dn thng, di t song song vi nhau trong khng kh
cch nhau 16 cm c cc dng in I
1
= I
2
= 10 A chy qua ngc
chiu nhau. Cm ng t ti im cch u hai dy dn 8 cm l
A. 0. B. 10
-5
T. C. 2,5.10
-5
T. D. 5. 10
-5
T.
28. Khung dy trn bn knh 30 cm c 10 vng dy. Cng dng
in qua mi vng dy l 0,3 A. Cm ng t ti tm khung dy l
A. 10
-6
T. B. 3,14.10
-6
T. C. 6,28.10
-6
T. D. 9,42.10
-6
T.
29. Mt ng dy di 20 cm, c 1200 vng dy t trong khng kh.
Cm ng t bn trong ng dy l 75.10
-3
T. Cng dng in chy
trong ng dy l
A. 5 A. B. 10 A. C. 15 A. D. 20 A.
30. Mt ng dy di 20 cm, c 2400 vng dy t trong khng kh.
Cng dng in chy trong cc vng dy lg 15 A. Cm ng t
bn trong ng dy l
A. 28. 10
-3
T. B. 56. 10
-3
T. C. 113. 10
-3
T. D. 226. 10
-3
T.
31. Mt electron bay vo trong t trng u, cm ng t B = 1,2 T.
Lc lt vo trong t trng vn tc ca ht l 10
7
m/s v hp thnh
vi ng sc t gc 30
0
. Lc Lorenx tc dng ln electron l
A. 0. B. 0,32.10
-12
N. C. 0,64.10
-12
N. D. 0,96.10
-12
N.
32. Mt khung dy trn bn knh R = 5 cm, c 12 vng dy c dng
in cng I = 0,5 A chy qua. Cm ng t ti tm vng dy l
A. 24.10
-6
T. B. 24.10
-6
T. C. 24.10
-5
T. D. 24.10
-5
T.
33. Chn cu ng.
A. Ch c t trng mi lm lch c qu o chuyn ng ca
electron.
B. Ch c in trng mi lm lch c qu o chuyn ng ca
electron.
C. T trng v in trng khng th lm lch qu o chuyn
ng ca electron.
D. T trng v in trng u c th lm lch c qu o
chuyn ng ca electron.
94
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
34. Mt dy dn thng, di c dng in I = 12 A chy qua c t
trong khng kh. Cm ng t ti im cch dy 5 cm l
A. 1,2.10
-5
T. B. 2,4.10
-5
T. C. 4,8.10
-5
T. D. 9,6.10
-5
T.
35. Trong cc trng hp sau y trng hp no l tng tc t
A. Tri t ht Mt Trng.
B. Lc nha sau khi c xt vi d c th ht nhng my giy vn.
C. Hai qu cu tch in t gn nhau.
D. Hai dy dn c dng in chy qua t gn nhau.
36. Mt dng in cng I = 5 A chy trong dy dn thng, di
t trong khng kh. Cm ng t ti im M c gi tr B = 4.10
-5
T.
im M cch dy
A. 1 cm. B. 2,5 cm. C. 5 cm. D. 10 cm.
37. Mt dng in chy trong dy dn thng, di t trong khng kh.
Cm ng t ti im M cch dy 10 cm c gi tr B = 2.10
-5
T. Cng
dng in chy trong dy dn l
A. 2 A. B. 5 A. C. 10 A. D. 15 A
38. Mt ht mang in tch q = 4.10
-10
C, chuyn ng vi vn tc
2.10
5
m/s trong t trng u. Mt phng qu o ca ht vung gc
vi vc t cm ng t. Lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht l f = 4.10
-5
N.
Cm ng t B ca t trng l:
A. 0,05 T. B. 0,5 T. C. 0,02 T. D. 0,2 T.
39. Mt ht tch in chuyn ng trong t trng u. Mt phng
qu o ca ht vung gc cc ng sc t. Nu ht chuyn ng
vi vn tc v
1
= 1,6.10
6
m/s th lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht l f
1
= 2.10
-6
N. Nu ht chuyn ng vi vn tc v
2
= 4.10
7
m/s th lc
Lorenx f
2
tc dng ln ht l
A. 4.10
-6
N. B. 4. 10
-5
N. C. 5.10
-6
N. D. 5.10
-5
N.
40. Mt ht (in tch 3,2.10
-19
C) bay vi vn tc 10
7
m/s theo
phng vung gc vi cc ng sc t ca t trng u c cm
ng t B = 1,8 T. Lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht l
A. 5,76.10
-12
N. B. 57,6.10
-12
N. C. 0,56.10
-12
N. D. 56,25.10
-12
N.
41. Cm ng t ti mt im trong t trng
A. Vung gc vi ng sc t.
B. Nm theo hng ca ng sc t.
C. Nm theo hng ca lc t.
D. Khng c hng xc nh.
42. Chn cu tr li sai.
A. Tng tc gia dng in vi dng in gi l tng tc t.
B. Cm ng t c trng cho t trng v mt gy ra lc t.
95
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
C. Xung quanh 1 in tch ng yn c in trng v t trng.
D. Ta ch v c mt ng sc t qua mi im trong t trng.
43. Trong mt nam chm in, li ca nam chm c th dng l
A. Km. B. St non. C. ng. D. Nhm.
44. Mt dy dn thng, di c dng in chy qua c t trong
khng kh. Cm ng t ti im cch dy 5 cm l 1,2.10
-5
T. Cng
dng in chy trong dy dn l
A. 1A. B. 3A. C. 6A. D. 12A.
45. xc nh 1 im trong khng gian c t trng hay khng, ta
A. t ti mt in tch. B. t ti mt kim nam chm.
C. t ti mt si dy dn. D. t ti mt si dy t.
46. Mt on dy c dng in c t trong mt t trng u c
cm ng t

B
. lc t tc dng ln dy t gi tr cc i th gc
gia dy dn v

B
phi bng
A. = 0
0
. B. = 30
0
. C. = 60
0
. D. = 90
0
.
47. Mt on dy c dng in c t trong mt t trng u c
cm ng t

B
. lc t tc dng ln dy c gi tr cc tiu th gc
gia dy dn v

B
phi bng
A. = 0
0
. B. = 30
0
. C. = 60
0
. D. = 90
0
.
48. Mt dng in cng I = 3 A chy trong dy dn thng, di
t trong khng kh gy ra cm ng t ti im M l B
M
= 6.10
-5
T.
Khong cch t M n dy dn l
A. 1 cm. B. 3,14 cm. C. 10 cm. D. 31,4 cm.
49. Khung dy trn bn knh 31,4 cm c 10 vng dy qun cch in
vi nhau, c dng in I chy qua. Cm ng t ti tm khung dy l
2.10
-5
T. Cng dng in chy qua mi vng dy l
A. 1 mA. B. 10 mA. C. 100 mA. D. 1 A.
50. Mt ng dy di l = 25 cm c dng in I = 0,5 A chy qua t
trong khng kh. Cm ng t bn trong ng dy l 6,28.10
-3
T. S
vng dy c qun trn ng dy l
A. 1250 vng. B. 2500 vng. C. 5000 vng. D. 10000 vng.
P N
1D. 2C. 3C. 4D. 5A. 6B. 7C. 8A. 9C. 10C. 11C. 12B. 13A. 14C. 15A.
16D. 17D. 18B. 19C. 20B. 21C. 22B. 23B. 24B. 25A. 26A. 27D. 28B.
29B. 30D. 31D. 32B. 33D. 34C. 35D. 36B. 37C. 38B. 39D. 40A. 41B.
42C. 43B. 44B. 45B. 46D. 47A. 48 A. 49D. 50B.
96
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
V. CM NG IN T
A. TM TT L THUYT
1. T thng. Cm ng in t
+ T thng qua din tch S t trong t trng u: = BScos(

B n,
).
n v t thng l vbe (Wb): 1 Wb = 1 T.1 m
2
.
+ Mi khi t thng qua mch kn (C) bin thin th trong mch kn
(C) xut hin mt dng in gi l dng in cm ng. Hin tng
xut hin dng in cm ng trong (C) gi l hin tng cm ng
in t.
+ Dng in cm ng xut hin trong mch kn c chiu sao cho t
trng cm ng c tc dng chng li s bin thin ca t thng ban
u qua mch kn.
+ Khi t thng qua (C) bin thin do kt qu ca mt chuyn ng
no th t trng cm ng c tc dng chng li chuyn ng ni
trn.
+ Khi mt khi kim loi chuyn ng trong mt t trng hoc c
t trong mt t trng bin thin th trong khi kim loi xut hin
dng in cm ng gi l dng in Fu-c.
Mi khi kim loi chuyn ng trong t trng u chu tc dng
ca lc hm in t. Tnh cht ny c ng dng trong cc b
phanh in t ca nhng t hng nng.
Khi kim loi chuyn ng trong t trng hoc t trong t
trng bin thin s nng ln. Tnh cht ny c ng dng trong cc
l cm ng nung nng kim loi.
Trong nhiu trng hp s xut hin dng Fu-c gy nn nhng
tn hao nng lng v ch. gim tc dng nhit ca dng Fu-c
ngi ta tng in tr ca khi kim loi bng cch khot l trn khi
kim loi hoc thay khi kim loi nguyn vn bng mt khi gm
nhiu l kim loi xp lin nhau, cch in i vi nhau.
2. Sut in ng cm ng
+ Khi t thng qua mch kn (C) bin thin th trong mch kn
xut hin sut in ng cm ng v do to ra dng in cm ng.
+ nh lut Fa-ra-ay v sut in ng cm ng: e
c
= - N
t

.
3. T cm
+ Trong mch kn (C) c dng in c cng i chy qua th dng
in i gy ra mt t trng, t trng ny gy ra mt t thng qua
(C) c gi l t thng ring ca mch: = Li.
97
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ H s t cm ca mt ng dy di: L = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
S.
n v t cm l henry (H).
+ Hin tng t cm l hin tng cm ng in t xy ra trong mt
mch c dng in m s bin thin t thng qua mch c gy ra
bi s bin thin ca cng dng in trong mch.
+ Sut in ng t cm: e
tc
= - L
t
i

.
+ Nng lng t trng ca ng dy c dng in: W
L
=
2
1
Li
2
.
B. CC CNG THC
+ T thng qua din tch S t trong t trng: = NBScos(

B n,
).
+ Sut in ng cm ng: e
c
= - N
t

.
+ H s t cm ca ng dy: L = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
S.
+ T thng t cm qua ng dy c dng in i chy qua: = Li
+ Sut in ng t cm: e
tc
= - L
t
i

.
+ Nng lng t trng ca ng dy: W
L
=
2
1
Li
2
.
C. BI TP T LUN
1. Mt vng dy phng gii hn din tch S = 5 cm
2
t trong t
trng u cm ng t B = 0,1 T. Mt phng vng dy lm thnh vi

B
mt gc = 30
0
. Tnh t thng qua S.
2. Mt khung dy t trong t trng u c cm ng t B = 0,06 T
sao cho mt phng khung dy vung gc vi cc ng sc t. T
thng qua khung dy l 1,2.10
-5
Wb. Tnh bn kn vng dy.
3. Mt khung dy phng gii hn din tch S = 5 cm
2
gm 20 vng
dy t trong t trng u c cm ng t t B = 0,1 T sao cho mt
phng khung dy hp vi vc t cm ng t mt gc 60
0
. Tnh t
thng qua din tch gii hn bi khung dy.
4. Mt khung dy phng din tch 20 cm
2
, gm 10 vng c t
trong t trng u. Vc t cm ng t lm thnh vi mt phng
khung dy gc 30
0
v c ln bng 2.10
-4
T. Ngi ta lm cho t
trng gim u n 0 trong thi gian 0,01 s. Tnh sut in ng
98
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
cm ng xut hin trong khung dy trong thi gian t trng bin
i.
5. Mt khung dy trn bn knh 10 cm gm 50 vng dy c t
trong t trng u. Cm ng t hp vi mt phng khung dy mt
gc 60
0
. Lc u cm ng t c gi tr bng 0,05 T. Tm sut in
ng cm ng trong khung nu trong khong 0,05 s:
a) Cm ng t tng gp i.
b) Cm ng t gim n 0.
6. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht c din tch 200 cm
2
, ban u
v tr song song vi cc ng sc t ca mt t trng u c ln
B = 0,01 T. Khung quay u trong thi gian t = 0,04 s n v tr
vung gc vi cc ng sc t. Xc nh sut in ng cm ng
xut hin trong khung.
7. Mt khung dy hnh ch nht kn gm N = 10 vng dy, din tch
mi vng S = 20 cm
2
t trong mt t trng u c vc t cm ng
t

B
hp vi php tuyn

n
ca mt phng khung dy gc = 60
0
,
ln cm ng t B = 0,04 T, in tr khung dy R = 0,2 . Tnh sut
in ng cm ng v cng dng in xut hin trong khung dy
nu trong thi gian t = 0,01 giy, cm ng t:
a) Gim u t B n 0. b) Tng u t 0 n 0,5B.
8. Mt khung dy dn t vung gc vi mt t trng u, cm ng
t B c ln bin i theo thi gian. Tnh sut in ng cm ng
v tc bin thin ca cm ng t, bit rng cng dng in
cm ng l I
C
= 0,5 A, in tr ca khung l R = 2 v din tch ca
khung l S = 100 cm
2
.
9. Mt ng dy hnh tr di gm 10
3
vng dy, din tch mi vng
dy S = 100 cm
2
. ng dy c in tr R = 16 , hai u ni on
mch v c t trong t trng u c vc t cm ng t song
song vi trc ca ng dy v c ln tng u 10
-2
T/s. Tnh cng
sut ta nhit ca ng dy.
10. Mt vng dy din tch S = 100 cm
2
ni vo t in c in dung
C = 200 F, c t trong t trng u c vc t cm ng t
vung gc vi mt phng cha khung dy, c ln tng u
5.10
-2
T/s. Tnh in tch t in.
11. Mt khung dy c 1000 vng c t trong t trng u sao
cho cc ng sc t vung gc vi mt phng ca khung. Din tch
mt phng gii hn bi mi vng l 2 dm
2
. Cm ng t ca t trng
99
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
gim u t 0,5T n 0,2 T trong thi gian 0,1 s. Tnh sut in ng
cm ng xut hin trong mt vng dy v trong khung dy.
12. Mt ng dy di l = 30 cm gm N = 1000 vng dy, ng knh
mi vng dy d = 8 cm c dng in vi cng i = 2 A i qua.
a) Tnh t cm ca ng dy.
b) Tnh t thng qua mi vng dy.
c) Thi gian ngt dng in l t = 0,1 giy, tnh sut in ng t
cm xut hin trong ng dy.
13. Mt cun t cm c L = 3 H c ni vi ngun in c sut
in ng 6 V, in tr trong khng ng k, in tr ca cun dy
cng khng ng k. Hi sau thi gian bao lu k t lc ni vo
ngun in, cng dng in qua cun dy tng n gi tr 5 A?
gi s cng dng in tng u theo thi gian.
14. Mt cun t cm c L = 50 mH cng mc ni tip vi mt in
tr R = 20 , ni vo mt ngun in c sut in ng 90 V, c
in tr trong khng ng k. Xc nh tc bin thin ca cng
dng in I ti:
a) Thi im ban u ng vi I = 0.
b) Thi im m I = 2 A.
15. Trong mt mch kn c t cm 0,5.10
-3
H, nu sut in ng
t cm bng 0,25 V th tc bin thin ca dng in bng bao
nhiu?
16. Tm t cm ca mt ng dy hnh tr gm 400 vng, di
20cm, tit din ngang 9 cm
2
trong hai trng hp:
a) ng dy khng c li st.
b) ng dy c li st vi t thm = 400.
17. Mt ng dy di 50 cm c 2500 vng dy. ng knh ca ng
bng 2 cm. Cho mt dng in bin i u theo thi gian chy qua
ng dy. Sau thi gian 0,01 s dng in tng t 0 n 1,5 A. Tnh
sut in ng t cm trong ng dy.
18. Tnh t cm v bin thin nng lng t trng ca mt
ng dy, bit rng sau thi gian t = 0,01 s, cng dng in
trong ng dy tng u t 1 A n 2,5 A th sut in ng t cm l
30 V.
HNG DN GII
1. Mt phng vng dy lm thnh vi

B
gc 30
0
nn gc gia

B
v
php tuyn

n
l 60
0
. Do : = BScos(

B n,
) = 25.10
-6
Wb.
100
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
2. Ta c: = BScos(

B n,
) = BR
2
cos(

B n,
)
R =
) , cos(

B n B
= 8.10
-3
m = 8 mm.
3. Ta c: = NBScos(

B n,
) = 8,7.10
-4
Wb.
4. Ta c: e
c
= -
t

= -
t
B n NBS


) , cos( 0
= 2.10
-4
V.
5. T thng qua khung dy lc u:

1
= NBScos(

B n,
) = 6,8.10
-2
Wb.
a) Khi
2
= 2
1
th e
c
= -
t

1 2
= - 1,36 V. Du - cho bit nu
khung dy khp kn th sut in ng cm ng s gy ra dng in
cm ng vi t trng cm ng ngc chiu vi t trng ngoi.
b) Khi
2
= 0 th e
c
= -
t

1 2
= 1,36 V.
6. Ta c:
1
= 0 v lc u

B
;
2
= BS = 2.10
-4
Wb v lc sau

n
//

B
. Do : e
c
= -
t

1 2
= - 5.10
-3
V.
7. Ta c: |e
c
| = |
t

1 2
| =
t
B n NS


) , cos(
.|B
2
B
1
|
a) |e
c
| =
01 , 0
60 cos 10 . 2 . 10
0 3
.|0 0,04| = 0,04 V; i =
R
e
c
| |
= 0,2 A.
b) |e
c
| =
01 , 0
60 cos 10 . 2 . 10
0 3
.|0,02 0| = 0,02 V; i =
R
e
c
| |
= 0,1 A.
8. Ta c: I
c
=
R
e
c
| |
|e
c
| = I
c
R = 1 V;
|e
c
| =
t
S B

| |

t
B

| |
=
S
e
c
| |
= 100 T/s.
9. Ta c: |e
c
| =
t
NS B

| |
= 0,1 V; i =
R
e
c
| |
= 0,625.10
-2
A;
P = i
2
R = 6,25.10
-4
W.
101
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
10. Ta c: U = |e
c
| =
t
S B

| |
= 5.10
-4
V; q = CU = 10
-7
C.
11. Trong mt vng dy: |e
c
| =
t
S B

| |
= 6.10
-2
V.
Trong khung dy: |E
c
| = N|e
c
| = 60 V.
12. a) L = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
S = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
2
2

,
_

d
= 0,02 H.
b) T thng qua ng dy: = Li = 0,04 Wb.
T thng qua mi vng dy: =
N

= 4.10
-5
Wb.
c) |e
tc
| = |- L
t
i

| = 0,4 V.
13. Ta c: e + e
tc
= e - L
t
i

= (R + r)i = 0

t
i

=
t
i
=
L
e
t =
e
Li
= 2,5 s.
14. Ta c: e + e
tc
= e - L
t
i

= RI
t
i

=
L
RI e
.
a) Thi im ban u vi I = 0:
t
i

=
L
e
= 1,8.10
3
A/s.
b) Thi im I = 2 A:
t
i

=
L
RI e
= 10
3
A/s.
15. |e
tc
| = |- L
t
i

| |
t
i

| =
L
e
tc
| |
= 500 A/s.
16. a) L = 4.10
-7
l
N
2
S = 9.10
-4
H. b) L = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
S = 0,36 H.
17. L = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
S = 4.10
-7

l
N
2
2
2

,
_

d
= 5.10
-4
H;
|e
tc
| = |- L
t
i

| = 0,075 V.
18. |e
tc
| = |- L
t
i

| L = |e
tc
|
i
t

= 0,2 H;
W=
2
1
L(i
2
2
- i
2
1
) = 0,525 J.
102
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
1. Chn cu sai.
A. Khi t din tch S vung gc vi cc ng sc t, nu S cng
ln th t thng c gi tr cng ln.
B. n v ca t thng l vbe (Wb).
C. Gi tr ca t thng qua din tch S cho bit cm ng t ca t
trng ln hay b.
D. T thng l i lng v hng, c th dng, m hoc bng 0.
2. Trong mt mch kn dng in cm ng xut hin khi
A. trong mch c mt ngun in.
B. mch in c t trong mt t trng u.
C. mch in c t trong mt t trng khng u.
D. t thng qua mch in bin thin theo thi gian.
3. Mt khung dy phng din tch S = 12 cm
2
, t trong t trng u
cm ng t B = 5.10
-2
T. Mt phng ca khung dy hp vi vc t
cm ng t

B
mt gc = 30
0
. T thng qua din tch S bng
A. 3
3
.10
-4
Wb. B. 3.10
-4
Wb. C. 3
3
.10
-5
Wb. D. 3.10
-5
Wb.
4. Mun cho trong mt khung dy kn xut hin mt sut in ng
cm ng th mt trong cc cch l
A. lm thay i din tch ca khung dy.
B. a khung dy kn vo trong t trng u.
C. lm cho t thng qua khung dy bin thin.
D. quay khung dy quanh trc i xng ca n.
5. Mt vng dy dn trn, phng c ng knh 2 cm t trong t
trng u c cm ng t B =
5
1
T. T thng qua vng dy khi vc
t cm ng t

B
hp vi mt phng vng dy gc = 30
0
bng
A.
3
.10
-5
Wb. B. 10
-5
Wb. C.
3
.10
-4
Wb. D. 10
-4
Wb.
6. Mt ng dy c t cm L = 0,01 H. Khi c dng in chy qua
ng dy th c nng lng 0,08 J. Cng dng in chy trong
ng dy bng
A. 1 A. B. 2 A. C. 3 A. D. 4 A.
7. Trong h SI n v ca h s t cm l
A. Tesla (T). B. Henri (H). C. Vbe (Wb). D. Fara (F).
8. My pht in xoay chiu hot ng da vo hin tng
A. lc in do in trng tc dng ln ht mang in.
B. cm ng in t.
103
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
C. lc Lo-ren-x tc dng ln ht mang in chuyn ng.
D. lc t tc dng ln on dy dn mang dng in.
9. Hin tng t cm thc cht l
A. hin tng dng in cm ng b bin i khi t thng qua mt
mch kn t nhin b trit tiu.
B. hin tng cm ng in t xy ra khi mt khung dy t trong
t trng bin thin.
C. hin tng xut hin sut in ng cm ng khi mt dy dn
chuyn ng trong t trng.
D. hin tng cm ng in t trong mt mch do chnh s bin
i dng in trong mch gy ra.
10. Khi dng in qua ng dy gim 2 ln th nng lng t trng
ca ng dy s
A. gim
2
ln. B. gim 2 ln.
C. gim 4 ln. D. gim 2
2
ln.
11. Mt cun t cm c t cm 0,1 H, trong c dng in bin
thin u 200 A/s th sut in ng t cm xut hin c gi tr
A. 10 V. B. 20 V. C. 0,1 kV. D. 2,0 kV.
12. Dng in trong cun cm gim t 16 A n 0 A trong 0,01 s,
sut in ng t cm trong cun c ln 64 V, t cm c gi
tr:
A. 0,032 H. B. 0,04 H. C. 0,25 H. D. 4,0 H.
13. Sut in ng t cm c gi tr ln khi
A. dng in tng nhanh. B. dng in c gi tr nh.
C. dng in c gi tr ln. D. dng in khng i.
14. Cun dy c N = 100 vng, mi vng c din tch S = 300 cm
2
.
t trong t trng u c cm ng t B = 0,2 T sao cho trc ca
cun dy song song vi cc ng sc t. Quay u cun dy sau
t = 0,5 s trc ca n vung gc vi cc ng sc t th sut in
ng cm ng trung bnh trong cun dy l
A. 0,6 V. B. 1,2 V. C. 3,6 V. D. 4,8 V.
15. Mt mch kn (C) khng bin dng t trong t trng u, trong
trng hp no th trong mch xut hin dng in cm ng
A. mch chuyn ng tnh tin.
B. mch quay xung quanh trc vung gc vi mt phng (C).
C. mch chuyn ng trong mt phng vung gc vi t trng.
D. mch quay quanh trc nm trong mt phng (C).
104
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
16. Chn cu sai: T thng qua mt S t trong t trng ph thuc
vo
A. nghing ca mt S so vi

B
.
B. ln ca chu vi ca ng gii hn mt S.
C. ln ca cm ng t

B
.
D. ln ca din tch mt S.
17. Cun t cm c t cm L = 2,0 mH, trong c dng in c
cng 10 A. Nng lng t trng trong cun dy l
A. 0,05 J. B. 0,10 J. C. 1,0 J. D. 0,1 kJ.
18. ng dy in hnh tr c chiu di tng gp i th t cm
A. khng i. B. tng 4 ln. C. tng hai ln. D. gim hai ln.
19. ng dy in hnh tr c s vng dy tng hai ln th t cm
A. tng hai ln. B. tng bn ln. C. gim hai ln. D. gim 4 ln.
20. ng dy in hnh tr c s vng dy tng bn ln v chiu di
tng hai ln th t cm
A. tng tm ln. B. tng bn ln.
C. gim hai ln. D. gim bn ln.
21. Cch lm no di dy c th to ra dng in cm ng?
A. Ni hai cc ca pin vo hai u cun dy dn.
B. Ni hai cc ca nam chm vo hai u cun dy dn.
C. a mt cc ca c qui t ngoi vo trong cun dy dn kn.
D. a mt nam chm t ngoi vo trong mt cun dy dn kn.
22. Mt ng dy c t cm L, ng dy th hai c s vng dy tng
gp i v din tch mi vng dy gim mt na so vi ng dy th
nht. Nu hai ng dy c chiu di nh nhau th t cm ca ng
dy th hai l
A. L. B. 2L. C. 0,5L. D. 4L
23. Pht biu no di y l sai?
Sut in ng t cm c gi tr ln khi
A. Dng in tng nhanh. B. Dng in gim nhanh.
C. Dng in c gi tr ln. D. Dng in bin thin nhanh.
24. Mt khung dy dn c 100 vng c t trong t trng u sao
cho cc ng sc t vung gc vi mt phng ca khung dy. Din
tch ca mi vng dy l 2 dm
2
, cm ng t gim u t 0,5 T n
0,2 T trong thi gian 0,1 s. Sut in ng cm ng trong khung dy
l
A. 6 V. B. 60 V. C. 3 V. D. 30 V.
105
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
25. Cho dng in 10 A chy qua mt vng dy to ra mt t thng
qua vng dy l 5.10
- 2
Wb. t cm ca vng dy l
A. 5 mH. B. 50 mH. C. 500 mH. D. 5 H.
26. Mt ng dy di 40 cm, bn knh tit din 2 cm, gm 1500 vng
dy. Cho dng in c cng 8 A i qua ng dy. Nng lng t
trng trong ng dy l (ly
2
= 10)
A. 288 mJ. B. 28,8 mJ. C. 28,8 J D. 188 J.
27. Mt ng dy di 40 cm, ng knh 4 cm c 400 vng dy qun
st nhau. ng dy mang dng in cng 4 A. T thng qua ng
dy l
A. 512.10
-5
Wb. B. 512.10
-6
Wb.
C. 256.10
-5
Wb. D. 256.10
-6
Wb.
28. Dng in qua mt ng dy bin i u theo thi gian. Trong
thi gian 0,01 s cng dng in tng t 1 A n 2 A. Sut in
ng t cm trong ng dy c ln 20 V. t cm ca ng dy l
A. 0,1 H. B. 0,2 H. C. 0,3 H. D. 0,4 H.
29. Mt ng dy c 1000 vng dy, di 50 cm, din tch tit din
ngang ca ng l 10 cm
2
. t cm ca ng dy l
A. 50.10
-4
H. B. 25.10
-4
H. C. 12,5.10
-4
H. D. 6,25.10
-4
H.
30. Mt ng dy di 50 cm c 2500 vng dy. ng knh ng dy
bng 2 cm. Cho mt dng in bin i u theo thi gian chy qua
ng dy. Sau thi gian 0,01 s dng in tng t 0 n 3 A. Sut in
ng t cm trong ng dy c ln l
A. 0,15 V. B. 1,50 V. C. 0,30 V. D. 3,00 V.
31. nh lut Len-x l h qu ca nh lut bo ton
A. in tch. B. ng nng. C. ng lng. D. nng lng.
32. Mt khung dy hnh vung c cnh 5 cm, t trong t trng u
0,08 T; mt phng khung dy vung gc vi cc ng sc t. Trong
thi gian 0,2 s; cm ng t gim xung n khng. ln ca sut
in ng cm ng xut hin trong khung trong khong thi gian
l
A. 0,04 mV. B. 0,5 mV. C. 1 mV. D. 8 V.
33. Mt khung dy hnh ch nht kch thc 3 cm x 4 cm t trong t
trng u c cm ng t B = 5.10
-4
T. Vc t cm ng t hp vi
mt phng khung mt gc 30
0
. T thng qua khung dy l
A. 1,5
3
.10
-7
Wb. B. 1,5.10
-7
Wb.
C. 3.10
-7
Wb. D. 2.10
-7
Wb.
106
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
34. Mt hnh vung cnh 5 cm, t trong t trng u c cm ng
t B = 4.10
-4
T. T thng qua din tch hnh vung bng 10
-6
Wb.
Gc hp gia vc t cm ng t v vc t php tuyn ca hnh vung
l
A. = 0
0
. B. = 30
0
. C. = 60
0
. D. = 90
0
.
35. Mt khung dy phng, din tch 20 cm
2
, gm 10 vng t trong t
trng u. Vc t cm ng t hp thnh vi mt phng khung dy
gc 30
0
v c ln bng 2.10
-4
T. Ngi ta lm cho t trng gim
u n khng trong khong thi gian 0,01 s. Sut in ng cm
ng xut hin trong khung l
A. 2
3
.10
-4
V. B. 2.10
-4
V. C. 3.10
-4
V. D. 3
3
.10
-4
V.
36. Mt cun t cm c t cm 0,1 H, trong dng in bin
thin u vi tc 200 A/s th sut in ng t cm s c gi tr
A. 10 V. B. 20 V. C. 100 V. D. 200 V.
37. Dng in trong cun t cm gim t 16 A n 0 A trong 0,01 s
th sut in ng t cm trong c gi tr trung bnh 64 V. t
cm ca cun cm l
A. 0,032 H. B. 0,25 H. C. 0,04 H. D. 4 H.
38. Cun t cm c L = 2 mH c dng in cng 10 A i qua.
Nng lng t trng trong cun t cm l
A. 0,05 J. B. 4 J. C. 1 J. D. 0,1 J.
39. Mt ng dy c t cm L = 0,5 H. c nng lng t trng
trong ng dy l 100 J th cng dng in chy qua ng dy l
A. 1 A. B. 2 A. C. 10 A. D. 20 A.
40. Nu trong ng dy xut hin mt sut in ng t cm 10 V khi
cng dng in chy trong n thay i t 5 A n 10 A trong
thi gian 0,1 s th t cm ca ng dy bng
A. 0,2 H. B. 0,5 H. C. 1 H. D. 2 H.
P N
1C. 2D. 3D. 4C. 5B. 6D. 7B. 8B. 9D. 10C. 11B. 12B. 13A. 14B. 15D.
16B. 17B. 18D. 19B. 20A. 21D. 22B. 23C. 24A. 25A. 26B. 27C. 28B.
29B. 30B. 31D. 32C. 33C. 34A. 35B. 36B. 37C. 38D. 39D. 40B.
107
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
VI. QUANG HNH
A. TM TT L THUYT
1. Khc x nh sng
+ Khc x nh sng l hin tng lch phng ca cc tia sng khi
truyn xin gc qua mt phn cch gia hai mi trng trong sut
khc nhau.
+ nh lut khc x nh sng:
Tia khc x nm trong mt phng ti (to bi tia ti v php
tuyn) v pha bn kia php tuyn so vi tia ti.
Vi hai mi trng trong sut nht nh, t s gia sin gc ti
(sini) v sin gc khc x (sinr) l mt hng s:
r
i
sin
sin
= hng s.
+ Chit sut t i: t s khng i
r
i
sin
sin
trong hin tng khc x
c gi l chit sut t i n
21
ca mi trng 2 (cha tia khc x)
i vi mi trng 1 (cha tia ti):
r
i
sin
sin
= n
21
+ Chit sut tuyt i (thng gi tt l chit sut) ca mt mi
trng l chit sut t i ca mi trng i vi chn khng.
+ Lin h gia chit sut t i v chit sut tuyt i: n
21
=
1
2
n
n
.
+ Biu thc ca nh lut khc x vit dng khc: n
1
sini = n
2
sinr; khi
i v r rt nh (nh hn 10
0
) th: n
1
i = n
2
r
+ Tnh cht thun nghch ca s truyn nh sng: nh sng truyn i
theo ng no th cng truyn ngc li theo ng . Theo tnh
cht thun nghch v s truyn nh sng ta c: n
12
=
21
1
n
.
2. Hin tng phn x ton phn
+ Phn x ton phn l hin tng phn x ton b nh sng ti, xy
ra mt phn cch gia hai mi trng trong sut.
+ iu kin c phn x ton phn:
- nh sng phi truyn t mt mi trng sang mi trng chit
quang km hn (n
2
< n
1
).
- Gc ti ln hn hoc bng gc gii hn: i i
gh
; vi sini
gh
=
1
2
n
n
.
+ Cp quang l b si quang. Mi si quang l mt dy trong sut c
tnh dn sng nh phn x ton phn.
108
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Si quang c li lm bng thy tinh siu sch c chit sut ln (n
1
)
c bao quanh bi mt lp v c chit sut n
2
nh hn n
1
. Phn x
ton phn xy ra mt phn cch gia li v v lm cho nh sng
truyn i c theo si quang. Ngoi cng l mt lp v bc bng
nha do to cho cp c bn v dai c hc.
Cp quang c ng dng vo vic truyn thng tin vi nhiu u
im: dung lng tn hiu ln; nh v nh, d vn chuyn, d un;
khng b nhiu bi cc bc x in t bn ngoi; khng c ri ro
chy (v khng c dng in).
Trong y hc, ngi ta dng cp quang ni soi.
3. Lng knh
+ Lng knh l mt khi trong sut, ng cht (thy tinh, nha ...),
thng c dng lng tr tam gic.
Mt lng knh c c trng bi gc chit quang A v chit sut n.
+ Lng knh c tc dng phn tch chm nh sng truyn qua n
thnh nhiu chm sng mu khc nhau. l s tn sc nh sng qua
lng knh. Lng knh l b phn chnh ca my quang ph lng knh.
Tia l ra khi lng knh lun b lch v pha y ca lng knh so
vi tia ti.
+ Lng knh phn x ton phn l lng knh c tit din thng l mt
tam gic vung cn, c s dng to nh thun chiu, dng thay
gng phng trong mt s dng c quang nh ng dm, my nh, ... .
4. Thu knh
+ Thu knh l mt khi trong sut (thy tinh, nha, ...) gii hn bi
hai mt cong hoc mt mt cong v mt mt phng.
+ Theo hnh dng, thu knh gm hai loi: thu knh li (ra mng) v
thu knh lm (ra dy)
Trong khng kh thu knh li l thu knh hi t, thu knh lm l
thu knh phn k.
+ Cc cng thc:
D =
f
1
=
'
1 1
d d
+
; k =
AB
B A ' '
= -
d
d'
=
d f
f

.
+ Qui c du:
Thu knh hi t: D > 0; f > 0; phn k: D < 0; f < 0.
Vt tht: d > 0; vt o: d < 0; nh tht: d > 0; nh o: d < 0.
k > 0: nh v vt cng chiu; k < 0: nh v vt ngc chiu.
+ Cch v nh qua thu knh: s dng 2 trong 4 tia sau:
- Tia ti qua quang tm -Tia l i thng.
- Tia ti song song trc chnh -Tia l qua tiu im nh chnh F.
109
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
- Tia ti qua tiu im vt chnh F -Tia l song song trc chnh.
- Tia ti song song trc ph -Tia l qua tiu im nh ph F
p
.
Lu : Tia sng xut pht t vt sau khi qua thu knh s i qua
(hoc ko di i qua) nh ca vt.
+ Thu knh c nhiu cng dng hu ch trong i sng v trong
khoa hc: dng khc phc tt ca mt (cn, vin, lo); lm knh
lp; dng trong my nh, my ghi hnh; dng trong knh hin vi, knh
thin vn, ng dm, n chiu; dng trong my quang ph.
5. Mt
+ Cu to gm: 1. Gic mc; 2. Thy
dch; 3. Mng mng mt (lng en);
4. Con ngi; 5. Th thy tinh; 6. C
vng; 7. Dch thy tinh; 8. Mng li
(vng mc). Trn mng li c mt
vng nh mu vng, rt nhy vi nh
sng gi l im vng V. Di im
vng mt cht l im m M, khng cm nhn c nh sng.
H quang phc tp ca mt c coi tng ng mt thu knh
hi t, gi l thu knh mt.
+ S iu tit ca mt:
- Khi nhn vt cc cn C
C
, mt iu tit ti a: D = D
max
; f = f
min
.
- Khi nhn cc vin C
V
, mt khng iu tit: D = D
min
; f = f
max
.
+ Nng sut phn li ca mt (): l gc trng nh nht
min
khi nhn
vt AB m mt cn c th phn bit c hai im A v B (cc nh
A, B nm trn hai t bo thn kinh th gic k cn nhau).
Mt bnh thng: =
min
1 3.10
-4
rad.
+ S lu nh ca mt: sau khi nh sng kch thch t vt tc ng vo
mng li tt, ta vn cn cm gic nhn thy vt trong khong 0,1 s.
+ Cc tt ca mt v cch khc phc:
Mt bnh thng im cc cn C
C
cch mt t 15 cm n 20 cm;
im cc vin C
V
v cc, nhn cc vt xa mt khng phi iu
tit.
- Mt cn th: l mt nhn xa km hn so vi mt bnh thng v
c im cc cn gn mt hn mt bnh thng. im cc vin cch
mt mt khong khng ln (nh hn 2 m). Khi khng iu tit, tiu
im ca mt nm trc mng li.
khc phc tt cn th ta dng mt thu knh phn k c tiu c
thch hp (f
k
= - OC
V
) eo trc mt sao cho c th nhn c vt
110
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
rt xa hoc phu thut gic mc lm thay i cong b mt gic
mc.
- Mt vin th: l mt nhn gn km hn mt bnh thng (im
cc cn ca mt xa hn mt bnh thng) v khi nhn vt xa phi
iu tit. Khi khng iu tit tiu im ca mt sau mng li.
khc phc tt vin th ta dng mt thu knh hi t c tiu c
thch hp eo trc mt nhn c vt gn nh mt bnh thng
hoc nhn vt rt xa khng phi iu tit mt hoc phu thut gic
mc lm thay i cong b mt gic mc.
- Mt lo th: l tt thng thng ca mt nhng ngi ln tui.
Khi tui tng, khong cc cn = OC
C
tng, lm mt kh nhn r
cc vt nh nh c cc dng ch trn trang sch v phi t chng
xa.
khc phc tt lo th ta eo knh hi t hoc phu thut gic
mc.
+ Mt c tt khi eo knh (st mt):
- t vt C
C
, knh cho nh o C
CK
: d
c
= OC
C
; d
C
= - OC
CK
- t vt C
V
, knh cho nh o C
VK
: d
V
= OC
V
; d
V
= - OC
VK
6. Knh lp
+ Knh lp l mt dng c quang hc b tr cho mt nhn cc vt
nh gn. Knh lp l mt thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn (vi cm)
dng to nh o ln hn vt nm trong gii hn nhn r ca mt.
+ Ngm chng: iu chnh khong cch t vt n knh (d) nh o
hin ra mt v tr nht nh nm trong gii hn nhn r ca mt.
- Ngm chng cc cn: d = d
C
; d
'
C
= l OC
C
.
- Ngm chng cc vin: d = d
V
; d
'
V
= l OC
V
; mt bnh thng,
ngm chng cc vin cng l ngm chng v cc: d = f; d = - .
+ S bi gic ca dng c quang: G =
0

=
0
tan
tan

.
+ S bi gic ca knh lp khi ngm chng v cc:
G

=
f
OC
C
=
f

.
Trn cc knh lp ngi ta thng ghi gi tr ca G

ng vi =
25 cm trn vnh knh; l con s km theo du x, v d: 2x; 5x;
10x;
111
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
7. Knh hin vi
+ Knh hin vi l dng c quang hc b tr cho mt nhn cc vt
rt nh gn. Knh hin vi gm vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu
rt ngn (vi mm) v th knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn (vi
cm). Vt knh v th knh t ng trc, khong cch gia chng
khng thay i.
+ S to nh bi knh hin vi: vt AB qua vt knh cho nh tht A
1
B
1
ln hn nhiu so vi AB; nh trung gian A
1
B
1
qua th knh cho nh
o A
2
B
2
ln hn nhiu so vi A
1
B
1
v nm trong gii hn nhn r ca
mt.
- Ngm chng cc cn: d
'
2
= l OC
C
.
- Ngm chng cc vin: d
'
2
= l OC
V
.
- Ngm chng v cc: d
2
= f
2
; d
'
2
= - .
+ S bi gic: G

=
2 1
.
f f
OC
C

; vi = F
'
1
F
2
= O
1
O
2
f
1
f
2
: l di
quang hc ca knh hin vi.
8. Knh thin vn
+ Knh thin vn l dng c quang hc b tr cho mt nhn cc vt
ln nhng rt xa. Knh thin vn gm vt knh l thu knh hi t
c tiu di (vi dm) v th knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn
(vi cm). Vt knh v th knh t ng trc, khong cch gia chng
thay i c.
+ S to nh bi knh thin vn: vt AB rt xa cho nh tht A
1
B
1
trn tiu din nh ca vt knh; iu chnh khong cch gia vt knh
v th knh nh trung gian A
1
B
1
qua th knh cho nh o A
2
B
2
nm
trong gii hn nhn r ca mt.
- Ngm chng cc cn: d
'
2
= l OC
C
.
- Ngm chng cc vin: d
'
2
= l OC
V
.
- Ngm chng v cc: d
2
= f
2
; d
'
2
= - ; khi O
1
O
2
= f
1
+ f
2
.
+ bi gic: G

=
2
1
f
f
.
B. CC CNG THC
+ nh lut khc x:
r
i
sin
sin
= n
21
=
1
2
n
n
hay n
1
sini = n
2
sinr.
112
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
+ Lin h gia chit sut v vn tc nh sng: n
21
=
1
2
n
n
=
2
1
v
v
; n =
v
c
.
+ Gc gii hn phn x ton phn: sini
gh
=
1
2
n
n
; vi n
2
< n
1
.
+ Thu knh:
D =
f
1
=
'
1 1
d d
+
; k =
AB
B A ' '
= -
d
d'
=
d f
f

.
+ S bi gic: G =
0


0
tan
tan

; vi tan =
C
OC
AB
.
- Knh lp: G

=
f
OC
C
=
f

.
- Knh hin vi: G

=
2 1
.
f f
OC
C

.
- Knh thin vn: G

=
2
1
f
f
.
C. BI TP T LUN
1. Tia sng i t nc c chit sut n
1
=
3
4
sang thy tinh c chit
sut n
2
= 1,5. Tnh gc khc x v gc lch D to bi tia khc x v
tia ti, bit gc ti i = 30
0
.
2. Tia sng truyn trong khng kh ti gp mt thong ca cht lng
c chit sut n =
3
. Ta c hai tia phn x v khc x vung gc
vi nhau. Tnh gc ti.
3. Mt cy cc di c cm thng ng xung mt b nc chit
sut n =
3
4
. Phn cc nh ra ngoi mt nc l 30 cm, bng ca n
trn mt nc di 40 cm v di y b nc di 190 cm. Tnh chiu
su ca lp nc.
4. Mt ci mng nc su 30 cm rng 40 cm c hai thnh bn thng
ng. Lc mng cn nc th bng rm ca thnh A ko di ti ng
chn thnh B i din. Ngi ta nc vo mng n mt cao h
th bng ca thnh A ngn bt i 7 cm so vi trc. Bit chit sut
ca nc l n =
3
4
. Tnh h.
113
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
5. Mt ngi ngi trn b h nhng chn vo nc trong sut. Bit
chit sut ca nc l n =
3
4
.
a) Khong cch thc t bn chn ngi n mt nc l 36 cm.
Hi mt ngi cm thy bn chn cch mt nc bao nhiu?
b) Ngi ny cao 1,68 m, nhn thy mt hn si di y h
dng nh cch mt nc 1,5 m. Hi nu ng di h th ngi y
c b ngp u khng?.
6. Tnh vn tc ca nh sng trong thy tinh. Bit thy tinh c chit
sut n = 1,6 v vn tc nh sng trong chn khng l c = 3.10
8
m/s.
7. Tnh vn tc ca nh sng truyn trong mi trng nc. Bit tia
sng truyn t khng kh vi gc ti l i = 60
0
th gc khc x trong
nc l r = 40
0
. Ly vn tc nh sng ngoi khng kh c = 3.10
8
m/s.
8. Tnh gc gii hn phn x ton phn khi nh sng truyn t thy
tinh sang khng kh, t nc sang khng kh v t thy tinh sang
nc. Bit chit sut ca thy tinh l 1,5; ca nc l
3
4
.
9. Th ni trn mt nc mt a nh, chn sng, hnh trn. Mt
ngi quan st t trn mt nc s khng thy c vt sng y
chu khi bn knh a khng nh hn 20 cm. Tnh chiu su ca lp
nc trong chu. Bit rng vt v tm a nm trn ng thng ng
v chit sut ca nc l n =
3
4
.
10. Mt tm thy tinh mng, trong sut, chit sut n
1
= 1,5; c tit
din l hnh ch nht ABCD (AB rt ln so vi AD), mt y AB
tip xc vi mt cht lng c chit sut n
2
=
2
. Chiu tia sng SI
nm trong mt phng ABCD ti mt AD sao cho tia ti nm pha trn
php tuyn im ti v tia khc x trong thy tinh gp y AB
im K. Tnh gi tr ln nht ca gc ti i c phn x ton phn ti
K.
11. Mt vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh,
cch thu knh 20 cm. Qua thu knh cho mt nh ngc chiu vi
vt v cao gp 4 ln vt. Xc nh loi thu knh. Tnh tiu c v
t ca thu knh. V hnh.
12. Mt vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh,
cch thu knh 40 cm. Qua thu knh cho mt nh cng chiu vi vt
v cao bng mt na vt. Xc nh loi thu knh. Tnh tiu c v
t ca thu knh. V hnh.
114
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
13. Mt vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh,
cch thu knh 30 cm. Qua thu knh cho mt nh ngc chiu vi
vt v cao bng na vt. Xc nh loi thu knh. Tnh tiu c v
t ca thu knh. V hnh.
14. Mt vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh,
cch thu knh 10 cm. Qua thu knh cho mt nh cng chiu vi vt
v cao gp 2,5 ln vt. Xc nh loi thu knh. Tnh tiu c v t
ca thu knh. V hnh.
15. Cho mt thu knh hi t c tiu c 15 cm. Mt vt sng AB t
vung gc vi trc chnh ca thu knh cho nh AB cch vt 60 cm.
Xc nh v tr ca vt v nh.
16. Mt tia sng SI i
qua mt thu knh MN
b khc x nh hnh
v. Hy cho bit (c
gii thch) l loi
thu knh g? Bng
php v (c gii
thch), xc nh cc
tiu im chnh ca thu knh.
17. Cho mt thu knh hi t O
1
c tiu c f
1
= 40 cm v mt thu
knh phn k O
2
c tiu c f
2
= -20 cm, t ng trc v cch nhau
mt khong l. Vt sng AB t trc v vung gc vi trc chnh,
cch O
1
mt khong d
1
. Qua h 2 thu knh AB cho nh A
2
B
2
.
a) Cho d
1
= 60 cm, l = 30 cm. Xc nh v tr, tnh cht v
phng i ca nh A
2
B
2
qua h.
b) Gi nguyn l = 30 cm. Xc nh v tr ca AB nh A
2
B
2
qua
h l nh tht.
c) Cho d
1
= 60 cm. Tm l nh A
2
B
2
qua h l nh tht ln hn
vt AB 10 ln.
18. Cho thu knh phn k L
1
c tiu c f
1
= -18 cm v thu knh hi
t L
2
c tiu c f
2
= 24 cm, t cng trc chnh, cch nhau mt
khong l. Mt vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh, trc thu
knh L
1
mt khong d
1
, qua h hai thu knh cho nh sau cng l
AB.
a) Cho d
1
= 18 cm. Xc nh l nh AB l nh tht.
b) Tm l AB c ln khng thay i khi cho AB di chuyn
dc theo trc chnh. Tnh s phng i ca nh qua h lc ny.
115
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
19. Mt ngi cn th phi eo st mt mt thu knh c t -2,5
ip mi nhn r cc vt nm cch mt t 25 cm n v cc.
a) Xc nh gii hn nhn r ca mt khi khng eo knh.
b) Nu ngi ny eo st mt mt thu knh c t -2 ip th
s nhn r c cc vt nm trong khong no trc mt.
20. Mt ngi cn th lc gi ch nhn r c cc vt t cch mt t
30 cm n 40 cm. Tnh t ca thu knh cn eo st mt :
a) Nhn r cc vt xa m khng phi iu tit mt.
b) c c trang sch t gn nht cch mt 25 cm.
21. Mt ngi mt tt c im cc cn cch mt 20 cm v im cc
vin v cc, quan st mt vt nh qua mt knh lp c t 10
ip. Knh t cch mt 5 cm.
a) Hi phi t vt trong khong no trc knh.
b) Tnh s bi gic khi ngm chng v cc?
22. Mt knh lp m trn vnh knh c ghi 5x. Mt ngi s dng
knh lp ny quan st mt vt nh, ch nhn thy nh ca vt khi
vt c t cch knh t 4 cm n 5 cm. Mt t st sau knh. Xc
nh khong nhn r ca ngi ny.
23. Mt knh hin vi c vt knh c tiu c 5,4 mm, th knh c tiu
c 2 cm, khong cch gia vt knh v th knh l 17 cm. Ngi quan
st c gii hn nhn r cch mt t 20 cm n v cc t mt st th
knh quan st nh ca mt vt rt nh.
a) Xc nh khong cch t vt n vt knh khi quan st trng
thi mt iu tit ti a v khi mt khng iu tit.
b) Tnh s bi gic khi ngm chng v cc.
24. Mt knh hin vi, vi vt knh c tiu c 5 mm, th knh c tiu c
2,5 cm. Hai knh t cch nhau 15 cm. Ngi quan st c gii hn
nhn r cch mt t 20 cm n 50 cm. Xc nh v tr t vt trc vt
knh nhn thy nh ca vt.
25. Vt knh ca mt knh thin vn c tiu c 1,2 m, th knh c tiu
c 4 cm. Ngi quan st c im cc vin cch mt 50 cm, t mt
st th knh quan st Mt Trng.
a) Tnh khong cch gia vt knh v th knh khi quan st trng
thi khng iu tit mt.
b) Tnh s bi gic ca knh trong s quan st .
26. Vt knh ca mt knh thin vn c tiu c 90 cm, th knh c tiu
c 2,5 cm. Ngi quan st c im cc cn cch mt 20 cm, im
cc vin v cc, t mt st th knh quan st mt chm sao.
116
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
a) Tnh khong cch gia vt knh v th knh khi ngm chng
cc cn.
b) Tnh khong cch gia vt knh v th knh khi ngm chng
v cc v s bi gic khi .
27. Tiu c ca vt knh v th knh ca mt ng dm qun s ln
lt l f
1
= 30 cm v f
2
= 5 cm. Mt ngi t mt st th knh ch
thy c nh r nt ca vt rt xa khi iu chnh khong cch gia
vt knh v th knh trong khong L
1
= 33 cm n L
2
= 34,5 cm. Tm
gii hn nhn r ca mt ngi y.
HNG DN GII
1. Ta c:
1
2
sin
sin
n
n
r
i

sinr =
2
1
n
n
sini = sin26,4
0
r = 26,4
0
;
D = i r = 3,6
0
.
2. Ta c:
r
i
sin
sin
= n; v i + r = i + r =
2

sinr = sin(
2

- i) = cosi

r
i
sin
sin
=
i
i
cos
sin
= tani = n = tan
3

i =
3

.
3. Ta c: tani =
30
40

AB
BI
= tan53
0
i = 53
0
;
r
i
sin
sin
= n sinr =
n
i sin
= 0,6 = sin37
0

r = 37
0
; tanr =
IH
CH CD
IH
HD

IH =
r
CH CD
tan

=
75 , 0
40 190
= 200 (cm).
4. Ta c: tani =
3
4
30
40 '

AC
CB
AA
CI
= tan53
0
i = 53
0
;
r
i
sin
sin
= n
sinr =
n
i sin
= 0,6 = sin37
0
r = 37
0
; tani =
h
B I '
;
tanr =
h
B I
h
DB B I 7 ' '

117
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun

7 '
'
tan
tan

B I
B I
r
i
=
9
16
IB = 16 (cm); h =
i
B I
tan
'
= 12 (cm).
5. a) Ta c:
2
1
' n
n
d
d

d =
1
2
n
n
d = 27 cm.
b) Ta c:
2
1
' n
n
h
h

h =
2
1
n
n
h = 2 m > 1,68 m nn nu ng di
h th ngi s b ngp u.
6. Ta c: n =
v
c
v =
n
c
= 1,875.10
8
m/s.
7. Ta c: v =
n
c
v n =
r
i
sin
sin
v =
i
r c
sin
sin .
= 2,227.10
8
m/s.
8. Ta c sini
gh
=
1
2
n
n
= sin53
0
i
gh
= 53
0
.
9. Ta c: Sini
gh
=
n
1
=
2 2
h R
R
+
h = R
1
2
n
= 17,64 cm.
10. c phn x ton phn ti K th
sini
1

1
2
n
n
= sin70,5
0
i
1
70,5
0

r 90
0
70,5
0
= 19,5
0

sini
1
1
n
cosr = sin39
0
i 39
0
.
11. nh ngc chiu vi vt nn l nh
tht. Vt tht cho nh tht nn l thu
knh hi t.
Ta c: k = -
d
d'
=
d f
f

= - 4
f =
5
4d
= 16 cm = 0,16 m;
D =
f
1
= 6,25 dp.
12. nh cng chiu vi vt nn l nh o.
Vt tht cho nh o nh hn vt nn l
thu knh phn k.
118
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
Ta c: k = -
d
d'
=
d f
f

=
2
1
f = - d = - 40 cm = 0,4 m;
D =
f
1
= - 2,5 dp.
13. nh ngc chiu vi vt nn l nh tht. Vt tht cho nh tht
nn l thu knh hi t.
k = -
d
d'
=
d f
f

= -
2
1
f =
3
d
= 10 cm = 0,1 m; D =
f
1
= 10 dp.
14. nh cng chiu vi vt nn l nh
o. Vt tht cho nh o ln hn vt nn
l thu knh hi t.
Ta c: k = -
d
d'
=
d f
f

= 2,5
1,5f = 2,5d
f = 25 cm = 0,25 m; D =
f
1
= 4 dp.
15. Trng hp nh tht (d > 0): d + d = 60 d = 60 d.
Khi :
f
1
=
'
1 1
d d
+
=
d d
+
60
1 1
=
2
60
60
d d
d
2
60d + 900 = 0
d = 30 (cm); d = 60 30 = 30 (cm).
Trng hp nh o (d < 0): |d| - d = - d - d = 60 d = - 60 - d.
Khi :
f
1
=
'
1 1
d d
+
=
d d
+
60
1 1
=
2
60
60
d d +
d
2
+ 60d 900 = 0
d = 12,43 cm hoc d = 72,43 cm (loi v c nh o th d < f)
d= - 60 - d = - 72,43 cm.
16. a) Tia l lch xa trc chnh hn tia ti
nn l thu knh phn k.
V trc ph song song vi tia ti; ng
ko di ca tia l gp trc ph ti tiu im
ph F
p
; T F
p
h ng vung gc vi
trc chnh, gp trc chnh ti tiu im nh
chnh F; ly i xng vi F qua O ta c
tiu im vt chnh F.
119
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
b) Tia l lch v gn trc chnh
hn tia ti nn l thu knh hi t.
V trc ph song song vi tia ti; tia
l gp trc ph ti tiu im ph F
p
;
T F
p
h ng vung gc vi trc
chnh, gp trc chnh ti tiu im nh
chnh F; ly i xng vi F qua O ta
c tiu im vt chnh F.
17. S to nh:
a) Ta c: d
1
=
1 1
1 1
f d
f d

= 120 cm;
d
2
= O
1
O
2
d
1
= l d
1
= - 90 cm; d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

= -
7
180
cm;
k =
1 1
2 2 1 1 2 2
.
B A
B A
AB
B A
AB
B A

,
_

,
_

2
'
2
1
'
1
.
d
d
d
d
=
2 1
'
2
'
1
d d
d d
=
) 90 .( 60
)
7
180
.( 120

=
7
4
.
Vy: nh cui cng l nh o (d
2
< 0); cng chiu vi vt (k > 0) v
nh hn vt (|k| < 1).
b) Ta c: d
1
=
1 1
1 1
f d
f d

=
40
40
1
1
d
d
; d
2
= l d
1
= -
40
1200 10
1
1

+
d
d
;
d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

=
200
2400 20
1
1

+
d
d
.
nh cui cng l nh tht th d
2
> 0 d
2
> 200 cm.
c) Ta c: d
1
=
1 1
1 1
f d
f d

= 120 cm; d
2
= l d
1
= l 120;
d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

=
100
) 120 ( 20


l
l
; k =
2 1
'
2
'
1
d d
d d
=
l 100
40
.
nh cui cng l nh tht th d
2
> 0 120 > l > 100; nh cui
cng ln gp 10 ln vt thi k = t 10 l = 96 cm hoc l = 104 cm.
Kt hp c hai iu kin ta thy nh cui cng l nh tht ln gp
10 ln vt th l = 104 cm v khi nh ngc chiu vi vt
120
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
18. S to nh:
a) Ta c: d
1
=
1 1
1 1
f d
f d

= - 9 cm; d
2
= l d
1
= l + 9;
d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

=
15
) 9 ( 24

+
l
l
.
nh cui cng l nh tht th d
2
> 0 15 > l > 0.
b) Ta c: d
1
=
1 1
1 1
f d
f d

=
18
18
1
1
+

d
d
; d
2
= l d
1
=
18
18 18
1
1 1
+
+ +
d
d l ld
;
d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

=
432 6 18
) 18 18 ( 24
1 1
1 1
+
+ +
d l ld
d l ld
;
k =
2 1
'
2
'
1
d d
d d
= -
432 6 18
432
1 1
+ d l ld
= -
432 18 ) 6 (
432
1
+ l l d
.
k khng ph thuc vo d
1
th l = 6 cm; khi th k =
3
4
; nh
cng chiu vi vt.
19. Ta c: f =
D
1
= - 0,4 m = - 40 cm.
a) Khi eo knh nu t vt ti C
CK
(im cc cn khi eo knh),
knh s cho nh o ti C
C
(im cc cn khi khng eo knh) v nu
t vt ti C
VK
(im cc vin khi eo knh), knh s cho nh o ti
C
V
(im cc vin khi khng eo knh). Do : d
C
= OC
CK
= 25 cm
d
C
=
f d
f d
C
C

= - 15,4 cm = - OC
C
OC
C
= 15,4 cm;
d
V
= OC
VK
= d
V
= f = - 40 cm = - OC
V
OC
V
= 40 cm.
Vy: gii hn nhn r ca mt ngi khi khng eo knh cch
mt t 15,4 cm n 40 cm.
b) Ta c: f
1
=
1
1
D
= - 0,5 m = - 50 cm; d
'
1 C
= - OC
C
= - 15,4 cm
d
C1
=
1
'
1
1
'
1
f d
f d
C
C

= 22,25 cm = OC
CK1
; d
'
1 V
= - OC
V
= - 40 cm
121
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
d
V1
=
1
'
1
1
'
1
f d
f d
V
V

= 200 cm.
Vy: khi eo knh c t - 2 ip th ngi s nhn r cc vt
t cch mt t 22,25 cm n 200 cm (y l trng hp b cn th
m eo knh cha ng s).
20. a) Ta c: f = - OC
V
= - 40 cm = - 0,4 m D =
f
1
= - 2,5 dp.
b) Ta c: d
C1
= OC
CK1
= 25 cm; d
'
1 C
= - OC
C
= - 30 cm
f
1
=
'
1 1
'
1 1
C C
C C
d d
d d
+
= 150 cm = 1,5 m; D
1
=
1
1
f
=
3
2
dp.
21. Khi s dng cc dng c quang hc, quan st c nh ca vt
th phi iu chnh sao cho nh cui cng l nh o hin ra trong gii
hn nhn r ca mt.
a) Ta c: f =
D
1
= 0,1 m = 10 cm; d
C
= l OC
C
= - 15 cm
d
C
=
f d
f d
C
C

'
'
= 6 cm; d
V
= l OC
V
= - d
V
= f = 10 cm. Vy
phi t vt cch knh t 6 cm n 10 cm.
b) G

=
f
OC
C
= 2.
22. Ta c: f =
5
25
= 5 cm; d
C
= 4 cm
d
C
=
f d
f d
C
C

= - 20 cm = - OC
C
OC
C
= 20 cm; d
V
= 5 cm
d
V
=
f d
f d
V
V

= - = - OC
V
OC
V
= .
Vy: khong nhn r ca ngi ny cch mt t 20 cm n v cc.
23. S to nh:
a) Khi quan st nh trng thi mt iu tit ti a (ngm chng
cc cn): d
2
= - OC
C
= - 20 cm; d
2
=
2
'
2
2
'
2
f d
f d

= 1,82 cm;
122
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
d
1
= O
1
O
2
d
2
= 15,18 cm; d
1
=
1
'
1
1
'
1
f d
f d

= 0,5599 cm.
Khi quan st trng thi mt khng iu tit (ngm chng cc
vin): d
2
= - OC
V
= - ; d
2
= f
2
= 2 cm; d
1
= O
1
O
2
d
2
= 15 cm;
d
1
=
1
'
1
1
'
1
f d
f d

= 0,5602 cm. Vy: phi t vt cch vt knh trong


khong 0,5602 cm d
1
0,5599 cm.
b) S bi gic khi ngm chng v cc:
= O
1
O
2
f
1
f
2
= 14,46 cm; G

=
2 1
.
f f
OC
C

= 268.
24. Khi ngm chng cc cn: d
2
= - OC
C
= - 20 cm;
d
2
=
2
'
2
2
'
2
f d
f d

= 2,22 cm; d
1
= O
1
O
2
d
2
= 12,78 cm;
d
1
=
1
'
1
1
'
1
f d
f d

= 0,5204 cm.
Khi ngm chng cc vin: d
2
= - OC
V
= -50;
d
2
=
2
'
2
2
'
2
f d
f d

= 2,38 cm; d
1
= O
1
O
2
d
2
= 12,62 cm;
d
1
=
1
'
1
1
'
1
f d
f d

= 0,5206 cm. Vy: phi t vt cch vt knh trong


khong 0,5206 cm d
1
0,5204 cm.
25. a) Khi ngm chng cc vin: d
2
= - OC
V
= - 50 cm;
d
2
=
2
'
2
2
'
2
f d
f d

= 3,7 cm; d
1
= d
1
= f
1
= 120 cm;
O
1
O
2
= d
1
+ d
2
= 123,7 cm.
b) S bi gic: G =
l d
f
d
d
+
2
1
2
2
'
'
=
2
1
d
f
= 32,4.
26. a) Khi ngm chng cc cn: d
2
= - OC
C
= - 20 cm;
d
2
=
2
'
2
2
'
2
f d
f d

= 2,2 cm; d
1
= d
1
= f
1
= 90 cm;
O
1
O
2
= d
1
+ d
2
= 92,2 cm.
b) Khi ngm chng v cc: d
2
= d
2
= f
2
= 2,5 cm;
123
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
d
1
= d
1
= f
1
= 90 cm; O
1
O
2
= d
1
+ d
2
= 92,5 cm.
S bi gic khi : G

=
2
1
f
f
= 36.
124
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
27. V d
1
= d
1
= f
1
= 30 cm.
Khi ngm chng cc cn: d
2
= O
1
O
2
d
1
= 3 cm;
d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

= - 7,5 cm = - OC
C
OC
C
= 7,5 cm.
Khi ngm chng cc vin: d
2
= O
1
O
2
d
1
= 4,5 cm;
d
2
=
2 2
2 2
f d
f d

= - 45 cm = - OC
C
OC
C
= 45 cm.
Vy: gii hn nhn r ca mt ngi cch mt t 7,5 cm n
45 cm.
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN
1. Theo nh lut khc x th
A. tia khc x v tia ti nm trong cng mt mt phng.
B. gc khc x bao gi cng khc 0.
C. gc ti tng bao nhiu ln th gc khc x tng by nhiu ln.
D. gc ti lun lun ln hn gc khc x.
2. Chiu mt tia sng i t khng kh vo mt mi trng c chit
sut n, sao cho tia khc x vung gc vi tia phn x. Gc ti i trong
trng hp ny c xc nh bi cng thc
A. sini = n. B. tani = n. C. sini =
n
1
. D. tani =
n
1
.
3. Chn cu sai.
A. Chit sut l i lng khng c n v.
B. Chit sut tuyt i ca mt mi trng lun lun nh hn 1.
C. Chit sut tuyt i ca chn khng bng 1.
D. Chit sut tuyt i ca mt mi trng khng nh hn 1.
4. Chiu nh sng t khng kh vo nc c chit sut n =
3
4
. Nu
gc khc x r l 30
0
th gc ti i (ly trn) l
A. 20
0
. B. 36
0
. C. 42
0
. D. 45
0
.
5. Trong hin tng khc x
A. gc khc x c th ln hn, nh hn hoc bng gc ti.
B. gc khc x bao gi cng ln hn gc ti.
C. gc khc x khng th bng 0.
D. gc khc x bao gi cng nh hn gc ti.
6. Tc nh sng trong khng kh l v
1
, trong nc l v
2
. Mt tia
sng chiu t nc ra ngoi khng kh vi gc ti l i, c gc khc x
l r. Kt lun no di y l ng?
125
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
A. v
1
> v
2
; i > r. B. v
1
> v
2
; i < r.
C. v
1
< v
2
; i > r. D. v
1
< v
2
; i < r.
7. Chiu nh sng t khng kh vo thy tinh c chit sut n = 1,5.
Nu gc ti i l 60
0
th gc khc x r (ly trn) l
A. 30
0
. B. 35
0
. C. 40
0
. D. 45
0
.
8. Nu tng gc ti ln hai ln th gc khc x s
A. tng hai ln. B. tng hn hai ln.
C. tng t hn hai ln. D. cha iu kin kt lun.
9. Chiu nh sng t khng kh vo thy tinh c chit sut n = 1,5.
Nu gc ti i = 6
0
th gc khc x r l
A. 3
0
. B. 4
0
. C. 7
0
. D. 9
0
.
10. Khi nh sng truyn t mi trng chit sut ln sang mi trng
c chit sut nh hn th
A. khng th c hin tng phn x ton phn.
B. c th xy ra hin tng phn x ton phn.
C. hin tng phn x ton phn xy ra khi gc ti ln nht.
D. lun lun xy ra hin tng phn x ton phn.
11. Mt tia sng truyn t mi trng A vo mi trng B di gc
ti 9
0
th gc khc x l 8
0
. Tnh gc khc x khi gc ti l 60
0
.
A. 47,25
0
. B. 50,39
0
. C. 51,33
0
. D. 58,67
0
.
12. Mt tia sng truyn t mi trng A vo mi trng B di gc
ti 9
0
th gc khc x l 8
0
. Tnh vn tc nh sng trong mi trng
A. Bit vn tc nh sng trong mi trng B l 2.10
5
km/s.
A. 2,25.10
5
km/s. B. 2,3.10
5
km/s.
C. 1,8.10
5
km/s. D. 2,5.10
5
km/s.
13. Tia sng truyn trong khng kh ti gp mt thong ca mt cht
lng, chit sut n =
3
. Hai tia phn x v khc x vung gc vi
nhau. Gc ti i c gi tr l
A. 60
0
. B. 30
0
. C. 45
0
. D. 50
0
.
14. Mt ngi th sn c nhn con c di nc theo phng thng
ng. C cch mt nc 40 cm, mt ngi cch mt nc 60 cm.
Chit sut ca nc l
3
4
. Mt ngi nhn thy nh ca con c cch
mt mt khong l
A. 95 cm. B. 85 cm. C. 80 cm. D. 90 cm.
15. Vt sng phng, nh AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt
thu knh c tiu c f = 30 cm. Qua thu knh vt cho mt nh tht c
chiu cao gp 2 ln vt. Khong cch t vt n thu knh l
A. 60 cm. B. 45 cm. C. 20 cm. D. 30 cm.
126
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
16. Vt sng phng, nh AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt
thu knh cch thu knh 20 cm, qua thu knh cho mt nh tht cao
gp 5 ln vt. Khong cch t vt n nh l
A. 16 cm. B. 24 cm. C. 80 cm. D. 120 cm.
17. Thu knh hi t c tiu c f. Khong cch ngn nht gia vt
tht v nh tht qua thu knh l
A. 3f. B. 4f. C. 5f. D. 6f.
18. Vt sng AB vung gc vi trc chnh ca thu knh cho nh
ngc chiu ln gp 3 ln AB v cch n 80 cm. Tiu c ca thu
knh l
A. 25 cm. B. 15 cm. C. 20 cm. D.10 cm.
19. t mt vt sng nh vung gc vi trc chnh ca thu knh,
cch thu knh 15 cm. Thu knh cho mt nh o ln gp hai ln vt.
Tiu c ca thu knh l
A. -30 cm. B. 20 cm. C. -20 cm. D. 30 cm.
20. Vt sng c t trc mt thu knh hi t c tiu c f =
20 cm. nh ca vt qua thu knh c s phng i nh k = - 2.
Khong cch t vt n thu knh l
A. 30 cm. B. 40 cm. C. 60 cm. D. 24 cm.
21. Vt tht t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh hi t c
tiu c f v cch thu knh mt khong 2f th nh ca n l
A. nh tht nh hn vt. B. nh o ln hn vt.
C. nh tht bng vt. D. nh tht ln hn vt.
22. Vt AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca 1 thu knh hi t c
tiu c f = 12 cm, qua thu knh cho nh o A
1
B
1
, dch chuyn AB ra
xa thu knh thm 8 cm. Khi ta thu c nh tht A
2
B
2
cch A
1
B
1
on 72 cm. V tr ca vt AB ban u cch thu knh
A. 6 cm. B. 12 cm. C. 8 cm. D. 14 cm.
23. Mt vt sng AB cch mn nh E mt khong L = 100 cm. t
mt thu knh hi t trong khong gia vt v mn c mt nh tht
ln gp 3 ln vt trn mn. Tiu c ca thu knh l
A. 20 cm. B. 21,75 cm. C. 18,75 cm. D. 15,75 cm.
24. Mt cn th khi khng iu tit th c tiu im
A. nm trc vng mc. B. cch mt nh hn 20cm.
C. nm trn vng mc. D. nm sau vng mc.
25. Mt ca mt ngi c im cc vin cch mt 50 cm. Mun nhn
thy vt v cc m khng cn iu tit th ngi phi eo st
mt mt thu knh c t s bng
A. -0, 02 dp. B. 2 dp C. -2 dp. D. 0,02 dp.
127
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
26. Mt ngi ln tui c im cc cn cch mt 50 cm, ngi ny
c th nhn r cc vt xa m khng iu tit mt. Nu mt ngi
ny in tit ti a th t ca mt tng thm
A. 2 dp. B. 2,5 dp. C. 4 dp. D. 5 dp.
27. Khi mt nhn r mt vt t im cc cn th
A. tiu c ca thu tinh th l ln nht.
B. mt khng iu tit v vt rt gn mt.
C. t ca thu tinh th l ln nht.
D. khong cch t thu tinh th n vng mc l nh nht.
28. Mt ngi cn th ch nhn r cc vt cch mt t 10 cm n
50 cm. c th nhn cc vt rt xa m mt khng phi iu tit th
ngi ny phi eo st mt knh c t bng bao nhiu; khi
khong cch thy r gn nht cch mt mt khong?
A. -2dp; 12,5cm. B. 2dp; 12,5cm.
C. -2.5dp; 10cm. D. 2,5dp; 15cm.
29. Mt ngi c mt c tiu c 18 mm khi khng iu tit. Khong
cch t quang tm mt n mng li l 15 mm. Tiu c ca knh m
ngi phi eo st mt nhn thy vt v cc, khng iu tit
l
A. 7,5 cm. B. -7,5 cm. C. -9 cm. D. 9 cm.
30. Tm pht biu sai. Mt cn th
A. Khi khng iu tit, tiu im ca mt nm trc vng mc.
B. Phi iu tit ti a mi nhn c vt xa.
C. Tiu c ca mt c gi tr ln nht nh hn mt bnh thng.
D. t ca thy tinh th l nh nht khi nhn vt cc vin.
31. Mt ngi c im cc cn cch mt 40 cm. c c trang
sch cch mt gn nht l 25 cm th ngi phi eo st mt mt
knh c t
A. 1,5 dp. B. -1 dp. C. 2,5 dp. D. 1 dp.
32. Mt ca mt ngi c vng mc cch thu tinh th 2 cm. Tiu c
v t s ca thu tinh th khi khi nhn vt v cc l
A. 2 mm; 50 dp. B. 2 mm; 0,5 dp.
C. 20 mm; 50 dp. D. 20 mm; 0,5 dp.
33. Mt cn th iu tit ti a khi quan st vt t
A. im cc cn. B. v cc.
C. im cc mt 25cm. D. im cc vin.
34. Mt knh lp l mt thu knh hi t c t 10 dp. Mt ngi
quan st c khong nhn r ngn nht l 20 cm. bi gic ca knh
lp khi ngm chng v cc l
128
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
A. 2,5. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2.
35. Mt b tt vin th
A. c tiu im nh F trc vng mc.
B. nhn vt xa phi iu tit mt.
C. phi eo thu knh phn k thch hp nhn cc vt xa,
D. im cc cn gn mt hn ngi bnh thng.
36. Khi dng mt thu knh hi t tiu c f lm knh lp nhn mt
vt, ta phi t vt cch knh mt khong
A. bng f. B. nh hn hoc bng f.
C. gia f v 2f. D. ln hn 2f.
37. Mt ngi cn th c im cc cn cch mt 10 cm quan st vt
qua knh lp c tiu c f = 5 cm trng thi mt iu tit ti a.
Vt t cch knh bao nhiu nu knh t cch mt 2 cm?
A. 4,25 cm. B. 5 cm. C. 3,08 cm. D. 4,05 cm.
38. Trong knh thin vn th
A. vt knh v th knh u l thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn.
B. vt knh v th knh u l thu knh hi t c tiu c di.
C. vt knh v th knh u l thu knh hi t, vt knh c tiu c
ngn, th knh c tiu c di.
D. vt knh v th knh u l thu knh hi t, vt knh c tiu c
di, th knh c tiu c ngn.
39. Vi l gc trong nh ca vt qua dng c quang hc,
0
l gc
trong vt trc tip vt t im cc cn ca mt, bi gic khi
quan st vt qua dng c quang hc l
A. G =

o
. B. G =
o

cos
cos
. C. G =
o

. D. G =

tan
tan
o
.
40. Mt knh hin vi c vt knh vi tiu c f
1
= 1 cm, th knh vi
tiu c f
2
= 4 cm. Khong cch gia vt knh v th knh l 17 cm.
Khong nhn r ngn nht ca mt l = 25 cm. bi gic ca
knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l
A. 60. B. 85. C. 75. D. 80.
41. Vt knh v th knh ca mt knh hin vi c tiu c l f
1
= 0,5 cm
v f
2
= 25 mm, c di quang hc l 17 cm. Ngi quan st c
khong cc cn l 20 cm. bi gic ca knh khi ngm chng v
cc l
A. 272. B. 2,72. C. 0,272. D. 27,2.
42. iu no sau l sai khi ni v nh tht qua dng c quang hc?
A. nh tht l nh c th hng c trn mn.
129
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
B. nh tht nm trn giao im ca chm tia phn x hoc tia l.
C. nh tht lun nm sau dng c quang hc.
D. nh tht c th quan st c bng mt.
43. iu no sau l sai khi ni v nh o qua dng c quang hc?
A. nh o khng th hng c trn mn.
B. nh o nm trn ng ko di ca chm tia phn x hoc
chm tia l.
C. nh o c th quan st c bng mt.
D. nh o khng th quan st c bng mt.
44. Mt knh thin vn c vt knh vi tiu c f
1
, th knh vi tiu c
f
2
. bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm chng v cc l
A. G

= f
1
+ f
2
. B. G

=
1
2
f
f
. C. G

=
2
1
f
f
. D. G

= f
1
f
2
.
45. Mt knh hin vi gm vt knh tiu c f
1
= 0,5 cm, th knh tiu c
f
2
= 2 cm t cch nhau 12,5 cm. Khi ngm chng v cc phi t
vt cch vt knh mt khong
A. 4,48 mm. B. 5,25 mm. C. 5,21 mm. D. 6,23 mm.
46. Mt ngi mt khng c tt dng knh thin vn quan st Mt
trng trng thi khng iu tit, khi khong cch gia vt knh
v th knh l 90 cm, bi gic ca nh l 17. Tiu c ca vt knh
v th knh ln lt l
A. 170 cm v 10 cm. B. 10 cm v 170 cm.
C. 5 cm v 85 cm. D. 85 cm v 5 cm.
47. Khong cch gia vt knh v th knh ca knh thin vn khi
ngm chng v cc l
A. O
1
O
2
> f
1
+ f
2
. B. O
1
O
2
< f
1
+ f
2
.
C. O
1
O
2
= f
1
+ f
2
. D. O
1
O
2
= f
1
f
2
.
P N
1A. 2B. 3B. 4C. 5A. 6B. 7B. 8D. 9B. 10B. 11B. 12A. 13A. 14D. 15B.
16D. 17B. 18B. 19D. 20A. 21C. 22C. 23C. 24A. 25C. 26 A. 27C.
28A. 29D. 30B. 31A. 32C. 33D. 34D. 35B. 36B. 37C. 38D. 39C. 40C.
41A. 42C. 43D. 44C. 45B. 46D. 47C.
130
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
MC LC
Trang
I. DAO NG C
A. TM TT L THUYT ..............................................................3
1. Hai loi in tch .............................................................................3
2. S nhim in ca cc vt ..............................................................3
3. nh lut Culng .............................................................................3
4. Thuyt electron ...............................................................................3
5. nh lut bo ton in tch ............................................................4
6. in trng .....................................................................................4
7. Cng ca lc in in th - Hiu in th .................................5
8. T in ............................................................................................6
B. CC CNG THC .......................................................................7
C. BI TP T LUN ......................................................................8
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUN ......................................11
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN .............................................23
P N TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN ...................................32
II. DNG IN KHNG I
A. TM TT L THUYT ............................................................33
1. Dng in ......................................................................................33
2. Ngun in ....................................................................................33
3. in nng. Cng sut in ............................................................34
4. nh lut m i vi ton mch ...................................................34
B. CC CNG THC .....................................................................35
C. BI TP T LUN ....................................................................36
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUN ......................................40
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN .............................................48
P N TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN ...................................56
III. DNG IN TRONG CC MI TRNG
A. TM TT L THUYT ............................................................57
1. Dng in trong kim loi ..............................................................57
2. Dng in trong cht in phn ....................................................57
3. Dng in trong cht kh ..............................................................58
4. Dng in trong cht bn dn .......................................................58
B. CC CNG THC .....................................................................59
C. BI TP T LUN ....................................................................59
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUN ......................................63
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN .............................................68
P N TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN ...................................74
131
N TP L 11 - CHNG TRNH CHUN Dng Vn ng Bnh Thun
IV. T TRNG
A. TM TT L THUYT ............................................................75
1. T trng ......................................................................................75
2. Cm ng t ...................................................................................75
3. Lc t ............................................................................................76
B. CC CNG THC .....................................................................77
C. BI TP T LUN ....................................................................77
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUN ......................................81
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN .............................................91
P N TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN ...................................96
V. CM NG IN T
A. TM TT L THUYT ............................................................97
1. T thng. Cm ng in t ...........................................................97
2. Sut in ng cm ng ................................................................97
3. T cm ..........................................................................................97
B. CC CNG THC .....................................................................98
C. BI TP T LUN ....................................................................98
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUN ....................................100
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN ...........................................103
P N TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN .................................107
VI. QUANG HNH
A. TM TT L THUYT ..........................................................108
1. Khc x nh sng ........................................................................108
2. Phn x ton phn .......................................................................108
3. Lng knh ....................................................................................109
4. Thu knh ....................................................................................109
5. Mt ..............................................................................................110
6. Knh lp ......................................................................................111
7. Knh hin vi ................................................................................112
8. Knh thin vn .............................................................................112
B. CC CNG THC ...................................................................112
C. BI TP T LUN ..................................................................113
HNG DN GII BI TP T LUN ....................................117
D. TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN ...........................................124
P N TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN .................................129
132

You might also like