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Dai Hoe Cn Tho - Khoa Céng Ngh@ Théng Tin - Gio Trinh Meng May Tinh - V1.0 Chuong 1: Téng quan vé mang may tinh Muc dich Chuong nay nhim gidi thigu cho ngurdi hoe nhimg néi dung sau: * Cac loai mang truyén dit Tigu da t6n tai trade khi eiia mang may tinh ra doi, © Cau tric ting quat cia m6t mang méy tinh. © Hai ché 46 truyén tai dit ligu co ban 1 Chuyén mach va Chuyén géi. Nhimg lgi ich ma mang may tinh mang Iai an ok ‘Yéu cau Sau khi hoc xong chuong nay, ngudi hoc phai o6 dure nhimg kha nang sau: Phan biét durge hai logi mang Chuyén mach vi Chuyén géi; Binh nghia duge mang may tinh la gi va trinh bay duge cau tnic ting quit cca mét mang méy tinh, Néu Ién duge nhting Iyi ich ma mang may tinh mang lai, Bien Sqans Ths Neb Ba Hing = Ks Phem The Phi - 0172005 Dai Hoe Can Tho - Khoa Cong Nghé Thing Tin - Gido Trinh Mang May Tinh — V1.0 1.1 Mang dign bao Mang dign bio sir dung he théng mi Morse dé mi héa thong tin cin truyén di. Mi Morse sit dung hai tin higu la tit va te (ky higu bing déu chdm (e) va déu gach ngang (-)). Mdi mt ky tur latin sé duge ma héa bing mét chudi ticite rigng biét, c6 d6 dai ngin khdc nhau, Dé truyén théng tin di, bén géi sé lan hrot ma héa timg ky ty cua thong diép thinh ma Morse, bén nhin sau d6 sé the hign qué trinh gidi ma. Van ban duge truyén di duge goi la mot thong digp (message) hay mot the tin (Telegram). . | Vao nam 1851 mang thr tin du tién durge sir dung 48 néi hai thinh phé London va Paris. Sau a6 Khéng lau, hé théng mang nay duroe mé rng toan chéu Au. Cai tri cua mang, gm e6 hai thanh phan lt Tram dign béo (Telegraph Station) va Tram ehuyén dign ba Tram dign bao la noi cho phép truyén va nhan cdc théng digp dui dang cae ma Morse, thong thuimg durge thé hign bing 4m thanh tit va te. Dé truyén va nhdn théng tin can e6 mét dign bao vvign thie hign gud trinh ma héa va gidi ma théng tin truyén/nhén, ‘ram chuyén dign bao c6 mét thao téc vien chju trach nhigm nhgn céc dign béo g6i dén, xéc dinh duing di dé chuyén tip dign bdo vé noi nhdn, Néu duong truyén hudng vé noi nan dang duge sit dung dé truyén mét dign bao khdc, thao tée vién dug truyén rnb, Dé tang toc dé truyén tin, hé thong Baudot thay thé ma Morse bang ma nhj phan 5 bits (cé thé ma hhéa cho 32 ky tw). Cac tram dign bio eiing duge thay thé bing ede may téltip (teletype terminal) cho phép xudt / nbp thong tin dang ky tw. Hé thong sir dung ky thuat bién diéu (Modulation) va da hop (Multiplexing) dé truyén tai théng tin, ‘gu lai dign bio nay dé sau dé truyén di khi 1.2 Mang diégn thoai Mang dign thoai cho phép truyén thong tin dui dang A 4m thanh bang céch sit dung hg théng truyén tin higu tuan tw. Mang din thoai hoat dong 46 chuyén mach HL.1 Mang chuyén mach switching), tire thigt lép duéng noi két t8n hién gita hai bén giao tiép trade Myon hi théng tin durge truyén di (connection oriented), (Hoa) fs bi du cudi 1.3 Mang hwéng dau cudi Bay [a m6 hinh ciia cdc he théng may tinh lén (Main Frame) vio nhimg nam cia thép nién 1970. HG théng g6m mét may chit manh (Host) ¢ nang, Ie tinh togn cao duge ndi két véi nhieu thiét bj dau peace cudi din dn (Dumb terminal) chi lam nhigm vu xuat nhép thong tin, giao tiép véi ngudi sit dung, 2 Mang huéng déu cubs Bien Sqans Ths Neb Ba Hing = Ks Phem The Phi - 0172005 2 Dai Hoe Cn Tho - Khoa Céng Ngh@ Théng Tin - Gio Trinh Meng May Tinh - V1.0 1.4 Mang may tinh Mang méy tinh 1d. mang ciia hai hay nhigu may tinh durge néi Iai véi nhaw bing mot dubng truyén 1.3 Mang eve bf dom gid Hodc phitc tap hon dé 1a hé théng gém nhiéu mang don gin ni lai véi nhau nu hinh sau: ‘MOt hé théng mang téng quét dug cdu thank, tir3 thinh phan: = Duong bién mang ( Network Edge): Gém cée may tinh (Host) vi cae chuong trinh img dung mang (Network Application) + Duong truc mang ( Network Core): Gém cée b6 chon duimg (router) dong vai t 1 mt mang trung tam ni két ede mang lai véi nhau. + Mang truy ep, dutmg truyén vat ly (Access Network , physical media) Gém cée dung truyén tai théng tin. 1.4.1 Duong bién mang Bao gém cée may tinh (Host) trén mang noi thye thi cde chuong trinh tmg dung mang (Network Application). Di khi nguési ta con goi ching la cde Hé thng cuéi (End Systems) véi y nghia day chin 16 noi xudt phat eta théng tin di chuyén trén ‘mang, cling nhu li diém dimg cua théng tin. (Qua trinh trao di théng tin gita hai méy tinh trén ‘mang c6 thé dign ra theo hai mé hinh: Mé hinh Khach hang / Nguéi phue vu (Client / server model) hay Mé hinh ngang hing (peer-to-peer model). Bien Sqans Th Neb Ba Hing —Ks Phem The Pai - 0172005

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