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PHNG PHP GII BI TON THY PHN PEPTIT

PHN I: Cc dng ton 1. Phn ng thy phn ca Peptit: a. Thy phn hon ton: theo phng trnh phn ng H[NHRCO]nOH + (n-1) H2O nH2NRCOOH. b. Thy phn khng hon ton Cch gii : *p dng LBTKL tnh lng nc khi bit khi lng Peptit phn ng v khi lng cht sinh ra. *p dng LBTKL tnh c lng mui khi cho Aminoacid sinh ra tc dng vi HCl, H2SO4. * Khi tinh ton nn tnh theo cch 2 trn. Tnh nhanh khi lng Mol ca Peptit: H[NHCH2CO]4OH . Ta c M= MGli x 4 3x18 = 246g/mol H[NHCH(CH3)CO]3OH Ta c M= MAla x 3 2x18 = 231g/mol H[NHCH2CO]nOH . Ta c M= [MGli x n (n-1).18]g/mol * i vi 2 Peptit khi thy phn c t l s mol bng nhau,th ta xem 2 Peptit l mt Peptit v ghi phn ng ta nn ghi gp. Khi lng mol ca Petpti chnh l tng khi lng mol ca 2 Peptit . V d: Tripeptit H[NHCH2CO]3OH v Tetrapeptit H[NHCH2CO]4OH (c s mol bng nhau) th ta xem 2 Peptit l Heptapeptit: H[NHCH2CO]7OH v M= 435g/mol V d: Bi 1: X l mt Tetrapeptit cu to t Aminoacid A, trong phn t A c 1 nhm(-NH2), 1 nhm (-COOH) ,no, mch h. Trong A Oxi chim 42,67% khi lng. Thy phn m gam X trong mi trng acid th thu c 28,35(g) tripeptit; 79,2(g) ipeptit v 101,25(g) A. Gi tr ca m l? A. 184,5. B. 258,3. C. 405,9. D. 202,95. Hng dn: T % khi lng Oxi trong A ta xc nh c A l Gli ( H2NCH2COOH) vi M=75 Cng thc ca Tetrapeptit l H[NHCH2CO]4OH vi M= 75x4 3x18 = 246g/mol Tnh s mol: Tripeptit l : 28,35: 189 = 0,15(mol) ipeptit l : 79,2 : 132 = 0,6 (mol) Glyxin(A) : 101,25 : 75 = 1,35(mol). Gii gn nh sau: t mt xch NHCH2CO = X Ghi s phn ng : (X)4 (X)3 + X 0,15 0,15 0,15 mol (X)4 2 (X)2 0,3 0,6 mol (X)4 4X 0,3 1,2 mol T s trn ta tnh c: S mol X phn ng l: (0,15+0,3+0,3)=0,75mol m = 0,75.246 =184,5(g) Bi 2: Thy phn hon ton 143,45 gam hn hp A gm hai tetrapeptit thu c 159,74 gam hn hp X gm cc Aminoacid (Cc Aminoacid ch cha 1nhm -COOH v 1 nhm -NH 2 ) . Cho tan b X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d,sau c cn dung dch th nhn c m(gam) mui khan. Tnh khi lng nc phn ng v gi tr ca m ln lt bng?
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a. 8,145(g) v 203,78(g). b. 32,58(g) v 10,15(g). c. 16,2(g) v 203,78(g) d. 16,29(g) v 203,78(g). Hng dn: t Cng thc chung cho hn hp A l H[NHRCO]4OH Ta c phn ng : H[NHRCO]4OH + 3H2O 4 H2NRCOOH Hay: (X)4 + 3H2O 4X ( Trong X = HNRCO) p dng LBTKL nH2O = T phn ng
mX mA = 0,905( mol ) 18 4 4 nX= n H2O = .0,905(mol ) 3 3

mH2O = 16,29 gam.

Phn ng ca X tc dng vi HCl : X + HCl

X.HCl

4 p dng BTKL m(Mui) = mX + mHCl = 159,74 + .0,905(mol ) .36,5 = 3

203,78(g) Bi 3: Tripeptit M v Tetrapeptit Q c to ra t mt aminoacid X mch h ( phn t ch cha 1 nhm NH2 ). Phn trm khi lng Nito trong X bng 18,667%. Thy phn khng hon ton m(g) hn hp M,Q(c t l s mol 1:1) trong mi trng Acid thu c 0,945(g) M; 4,62(g) ipeptit v 3,75 (g) X.Gi tr ca m? A. 4,1945(g). B. 8,389(g). C. 12,58(g). D. 25,167(g). Hng dn: Cch 1: Ta c %N =
14 18,667 = MX = 75 X l Glyxin MX 100

Do hai peptit c t l s mol phn ng 1:1 nn xem hn hp M,Q l mt Heptapeptit : H[NHCH2CO]7OH v c M = 435g/mol. S phn ng :
27 (Gli)7 + H2O (Gli)3 7 27 0,005mol 0,005mol 7 27 m(M,Q) = 0,005mol.435 = 8,389(g) 7

7 (Gli)2 0.035mol

+ 10 (Gli) 0.05mol

Cch 2 (Gli)7 2(Gli)3 + Gli ; (Gli)7 3 (Gli)2 + Gli v (Gli)7 7(Gli) 0,0025mol 0,005mol 0,0025 0,035/3 0,035mol 0,035/3 0,0358/7 0.0358 T cc phn ng tnh c s mol ca (Gli)7 l : 0.01928(mol) 2. Phn ng chy ca Peptit: V d: Tripeptit mch h X v Tetrapeptit mch h Y c to t mt Aminoacid no, h trong phn t c 1nhm (-NH2 ) v 1nhm (-COOH). t chy X v Y. Vy lm th no t CTPT cho X,Y? Ta lm nh sau: T CTPT ca Aminoacid no 3 CnH2n+1O2N 2H2O thnh CT C3nH6n 1O4N3(y l cng thcTripeptit) V 4 CnH2n+1O2N 3H2O thnh CT C4nH8n 2O5N4(y l cng thcTetrapeptit) ...... Nu t chy lin quan n lng nc v cacbonic th ta ch cn cn bng C,H tnh ton cho nhanh. C3nH6n 1O4N3 + pO2 3nCO2 + (3n-0,5)H2O + N2 C4nH8n 2 O5N4 + pO2 4nCO2 + (4n-1)H2O + N2 Tnh p(O2) dng BT nguyn t Oxi? Bi 4: Tripeptit mch h X v Tetrapeptit mch h Y u c to ra t mt aminoacid no,mch h c 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2 .t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c sn phm gm H2O,CO2 v N2 trong tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 36,3(g) .Nu t chy hon ton 0,2 mol Y th s mol O2 cn phn ng l? a. 2,8(mol). b. 1,8(mol). c. 1,875(mol). d. 3,375 (mol)
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Hng dn: R rng X,Y u sinh ra do Aminoacid c CT CnH2n+1O2N. Do vy ta c CT ca X,Y tng ng l: C3nH6n 1O4N3(X) , C4nH8n 2O5N4(Y). Phn ng chy X: C3nH6n 1O4N3 + pO2 3nCO2 + (3n-0,5)H2O + N2 0,1mol 0,3n(mol) 0,3(3n-0,5)mol Ta c phng trnh tng khi lng H2O v CO2 : 0,3[44.n + 18. (3n-0,5)] = 36.3 n = 2 Phn ng chy Y: C4nH8n 2 O5N4 + pO2 4nCO2 + (4n-1)H2O + N2 . 0,2mol 0,2.p 0,8n (0,8n -0,2) p dng BT nguyn t Oxi : 0,2.5+ 0,2.2p = 0,8.2.2 +(0,8.2 -0,2) p = 9. nO2 = 9x0,2 = 1,8(mol) PHN II: BI TP P DNG Bi 1: Thy phn hon ton 60(g) hn hp hai ipeptit thu c 63,6(g) hn hp X gm cc Aminoacid no mch h (H2NRCOOOH). Nu ly 1/10 hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c m(g) mui. Gi tr ca m l? a. 7,82. b. 8,72. c. 7,09. d.16,3. Bi 2: Thy phn ht m(g) Tetrapeptit Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala thu c hn hp gm 28,48(g) Ala ; 32(g) Ala-Ala v 27,72(g) Ala-Ala-Ala. Gi tr ca m? a. 66,44. b. 111,74. c. 81,54. d. 90,6. Bi 3: X l mt Hexapeptit cu to t mt Aminoacid H2N-CnH2n-COOH(Y). Y c tng % khi lng Oxi v Nito l 61,33%. Thy phn ht m(g) X trong mi trng acid thu c 30,3(g) pentapeptit, 19,8(g) ieptit v 37,5(g) Y. Gi tr ca m l? a. 69 gam. B. 84 gam. c. 100 gam. d.78 gam. Bi 4: X l mt tetrapeptit cu to t mt amino axit (A) no, mch h c 1 nhm COOH ; 1 nhm NH2. Trong A %N = 15,73% (v khi lng). Thy phn m gam X trong mi trng axit thu c 41,58 gam tripeptit ; 25,6 gam ipeptit v 92,56 gam A. Gi tr ca m l : a. 149 gam. b. 161 gam. c. 143,45 gam. d. 159 gam. Bi 5: X l tetrapeptit Ala-Gly-Val-Ala, Y l tripeptit Val-Gly-Val. un nng m gam hn hp X v Y c t l s mol nX : nY = 1 : 3 vi 780 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch Z. C cn dung dch thu c 94,98 gam mui. m c gi tr l a.. 68,1 gam. b. 64,86 gam. c. 77,04 gam. d. 65,13 gam. Bi 6 ipeptit mch h X v Tripeptit mch h Y u c to ra t mt Aminoacid no,mch h c 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm NH2 .t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y thu c sn phm gm H2O,CO2 v N2 trong tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9(g) .Nu t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X,sn phm thu c cho li qua dung dch nc vi trong d th c m(g) kt ta . Gi tr ca m l? a. 45. b. 120. c.30. d.60. Bi 7: X v Y ln lt l cc tripeptit v tetrapeptit c to thnh t cng mt amino axit no mch h, c mt nhm COOH v mt nhm NH2. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y thu c sn phm gm CO2, H2O, N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O l 47,8 gam. Nu t chy hon ton 0,3 mol X cn bao nhiu mol O2 ? a. 2,8 mol. b. 2,025 mol. c. 3,375 mol. d. 1,875 mol. Bi 8:Thy phn 14(g) mt Polipeptit(X) vi hiu sut t 80%,thi thu c 14,04(g) mt aminoacid (Y). Xc nh Cng thc cu to ca Y? a. H2N(CH2)2COOH.b. H2NCH(CH3)COOH. c. H2NCH2COOH d. H2NCH(C2H5)COOH Bi 9: un nng alanin thu c mt s peptit trong c peptit A c phn trm khi lng nit l 18,54%. Khi lng phn t ca A l :
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a. 231. b. 160. c. 373. d. 302. Bi 10: Khi thy phn hon ton 55,95 gam mt peptit X thu c 66,75 gam alanin (amino axit duy nht). X l : a. tripeptit. b. tetrapeptit. c. pentapeptit. d. ipeptit. Bi 11: Khi thy phn hon ton 65 gam mt peptit X thu c 22,25 gam alanin v 56,25 gam glyxin. X l : a. tripeptthu c. b. tetrapeptit. c. pentapeptit. d. ipeptit. Bi 12: Thu phn hon ton 500 gam mt oligopeptit X (cha t 2 n 10 gc -amino axit) thu c 178 gam amino axit Y v 412 gam amino axit Z. Bit phn t khi ca Y l 89. Phn t khi ca Z l : a. 103. b. 75. c. 117. d. 147. Bi 13: Tripeptit X c cng thc sau : H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3)COOH Thy phn hon ton 0,1 mol X trong 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi lng cht rn thu c khi c cn dung dch sau phn ng l : a. 28,6 gam. b. 22,2 gam. c. 35,9 gam. d. 31,9 gam. Bi 14: Protein A c khi lng phn t l 50000 vC. Thu phn 100 gam A thu c 33,998 gam alanin. S mt xch alanin trong phn t A l : a. 191. b. 38,2. c. 2.3.1023 d. 561,8. Bi 15: Thy phn 1250 gam protein X thu c 425 gam alanin. Nu phn t khi ca X bng 100000 vC th s mt xch alanin c trong X l : a. 453. b. 382. c. 328. d. 479. Bi 16:Xc nh Phn t khi gn ng ca mt Polipeptit cha 0,32% S trong phn t. Gi s trong phn t ch c 2 nguyn t S? a. 20.000(vC) b.10.000(vC). c. 15.000(vC). d. 45.000(vC). Bi 17: Mt hemoglobin (hng cu ca mu) cha 0,4% Fe (mi phn t hemoglobin ch cha 1 nguyn t Fe). Phn t khi gn ng ca hemoglobin trn l : a. 12000. b. 14000. c. 15000. d. 18000. Bi 18: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol Pentapeptit(X) thu c 3 mol Gli; 1 mol Ala; 1 mol Phe. Khi thy phn khng hon ton (X) thu c hn hp gm Ala-Gli ; Gli-Ala v khng thy to ra Phe-Gli. Xc nh CTCT ca Petapeptit? Hng dn: T cc ipeptit ta thy Gli gia Ala-Gli-Ala hoc Ala gia Gli-AlaGli. Nhng v thu c 1 mol Ala nn chc chn Ala phi gia Gli- Ala-Gli. Do khng c Phe-Gli to thnh nn Phe khng ng trc Gli m ng sau Gli. Vy CTCT l: Gli-Gli-Ala-Gli-Phe Bi 19: Thu phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit A th thu c 3 mol glyxin ; 1 mol alanin v 1mol valin. Khi thu phn khng hon ton A th trong hn hp sn phm thy c cc ipeptit Ala-Gly ; Gly-Ala v tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val. Amino axit u N, amino axit u C pentapeptit A ln lt l : a. Gly, Val. b. Ala, Val. c. Gly, Gly. d. Ala, Gly. Bi 20: Thu phn khng hon ton tetrapeptit (X), ngoi cc a-amino axit cn thu c cc ipetit: Gly-Ala ; Phe-Val ; Ala-Phe. Cu to no sau y l ng ca X ? a. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala. b. Ala-Val-Phe-Gly. c. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe . d. Gly-Ala-Phe-Val. Bi 21: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1 mol alanin (Ala), 1 mol valin (Val) v 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thy phn khng hon ton X thu c ipeptit Val-Phe v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly. ht X c cng thc l a. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val. b. Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe.
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c. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly. d. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly. Bi 22: Cng thc no sau y ca pentapeptit (A) tha iu kin sau ? hy phn hon ton 1 mol A th thu c cc - amino axit l : 3 mol glyxin, 1 mol alanin, 1 mol valin. Thy phn khng hon ton A, ngoi thu c cc amino axit th cn thu c 2 ipeptit : Ala-Gly ; Gly-Ala v 1 tripeptit Gly-Gly-Val. a. Ala-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val. b. Gly- Gly-Ala-Gly-Val. c. Gly-Ala-Gly-Gly-Val. d. Gly-Ala-Gly-Val-Gly. Bi 23: Thu phn hp cht : H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH(CH3)2)CONHCH2CONHCH2COOH s thu c bao nhiu loi amino axit no sau y ? a. 3. b. 4. c. 5. d. 2. Bi 24: Thu phn hp cht : s thu c bao nhiu loi amino axit no sau y ?

H2NCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH(CH3)2)CONHCH(C2H5)CONHCH2CONH CH(C4H9)COOH.
a. 2. b. 3. c. 4. d. 5. Bi 25: Cho 3 cht X,Y,Z vo 3 ng nghim cha sn Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH lc u v quan st th thy: Cht X thy xut hin mu tm, cht Y th Cu(OH)2 tan v c mu xanh nht, cht Z th Cu(OH)2 tan v c mu xanh thm. X, Y, Z ln lt l : a. H tinh bt, HCOOH, mantoz. b. Protein, CH3CHO, saccaroz. c. Anbumin, C2H5COOH, glyxin. d. Lng trng trng, CH3COOH, glucoz. Bi 26: Thuc th c dng phn bit Gly-Ala-Gly v Gly-Ala l : a. dd HCl. b. Cu(OH)2/OH- c. dd NaCl. d. dd NaOH.

Cu 14. Khi thy phn hon ton 55,95 gam mt peptit X thu c 66,75 gam alanin (amino axit duy nht). X l A. tripeptit. B. tetrapeptit. C. pentapeptit. D. ipeptit. Cu 15. Protein A c khi lng phn t l 50000 vC. Thu phn 100 gam A thu c 33,998 gam alanin. S mt xch alanin trong phn t A l : A. 191. B. 38,2. C. 2.3.1023 D. 561,8. Cu 16. Thu phn hp cht : H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH(CH3)2)CONHCH2CONHCH2 COOH s thu c bao nhiu loi amino axit no sau y ? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2. Cu 17. Peptit c cng thc cu to nh sau: H2N-CH-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH-COOH CH3 CH(CH3)2. Tn gi ng ca peptit trn l: A. Ala-Ala-Val. B. Ala-Gly-Val. C. Gly Ala Gly. D. Gly-Val-Ala. Cu 18. im khc nhau gia protein vi cabohirat v lipit l A. Protein c khi lng phn t ln. B. Protein lun c cha nguyn t nit. C. Protein lun c nhm chc OH. D. Protein lun l cht hu c no. Cu 19. Hp cht no sau y thuc loi tripeptit ? A. H2N-CH2CONH-CH2CONH-CH2COOH. B. H2N-CH2CONH-CH(CH3)-COOH. C. H2N-CH2CH2CONH-CH2CH2COOH. D. H2N-CH2CH2CONH-CH2COOH. Cu 20. Cho cc cu sau: (1) Amin l loi hp cht c cha nhm NH2 trong phn t. (2) Hai nhm chc COOH v NH2 trong amino axit tng tc vi nhau thnh ion lng cc.
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(3) Poli peptit l polime m phn t gm 11 n 50 mc xch -amino axit ni vi nhau bi cc lin kt peptit. (4) Protein l polime m phn t ch gm cc polipeptit ni vi nhau bng lin kt peptit. C bao nhiu nhn nh ng trong cc nhn nh trn: A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 Cu 21: Cht no sau y thuc loi peptit? A. H2NCH2COOCH2COONH4 B. CH3CONHCH2COOCH2CONH2 C. H2NCH(CH3)CONHCH2CH2COOH D. O3NH3NCH2COCH2COOH Cu 22: Thy phn peptit:
(CH2)2COOH CH3 CH COOH H2N CH2 C N CH C N O H O H

Sn phm no di y l khng th c? A. Ala B. Gli-Ala C. Ala-Glu D. Glu-Gli Cu 23: Cht no sau y c phn ng mu biure? (a) H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2CH2COOH; (b) H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH; (c) AlaGluVal; A. (a) ; (b) ; (c) (d) AlaGly ; B. (b) ; (c) ; (d) (e) AlaGluValAla C. (b) ; (c) ; (e) D. (a) ; (c) ; (e)