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BI TP TRNG TM THI I HC NM 2013
Chuyn 20: Tng hp cc kin thc ca chng trnh Ha hc Hu c
(Phn 1: Bin lun CTCT Chui phn ng ng phn)
Cu 1: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc l C
2
H
2
O
n
. X tc dng vi NaHCO
3
v vi dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
,
un nng thu c Ag. Gi tr ca n l
A. n = 4 B. n = 5 C. n = 3 D. n = 2
Cu 2: Cho s phn ng: X C
6
H
6
Y anilin. Vi mi mi tn l mt phn ng v cc sn phm l
sn phm chnh th X v Y tng ng l
A. axetilen v toluen B. xiclohexan v nitrobenzen.
C. hexan v toluen. D. metan v nitrobenzen
Cu 3: Axit salixylic (axit o-hiroxibenzoic) tc dng vi cht X c xc tc H
2
SO
4
to ra metyl salixylat dng
lm thuc xoa bp, cn tc dng vi cht Y to ra axit axetyl salixylic (aspirin) dng lm thuc cm. Cc cht
X v Y ln lt l
A. Metan v anhirit axetic B. metan v axit axetic.
C. Metanol v anhirit axetic D. metanol v axit axetic
Cu 4: Cht X (C
8
H
14
O
4
) tho mn s cc phn ng sau
A. C
8
H
14
O
4
+ 2NaOH X
1
+ X
2
+ H
2
O. B. X
1
+ H
2
SO
4
X
3
+ Na
2
SO
4

C. nX
3
+ nX
4
Nilon-6,6 + nH
2
O D. 2X
2
+ X
3
X
5
+ 2H
2
O
Cng thc cu to ca X (C
8
H
14
O
4
) l
A. HCOO(CH
2
)
6
OOCH B. CH
3
OOC(CH
2
)
4
COOCH
3

C. CH
3
OOC(CH
2
)
5
COOH D. CH
3
CH
2
OOC(CH
2
)
4
COOH.
Cu 5: thc hin bin ha: toluen X Y p-crezol, ta phi dng thm nhng ha cht thuc nhm no
sau y (k c cht lm xc tc)?
A. HNO
3
c, H
2
SO
4
c, NaOH. B. Fe, CO
2
, dung dch KOH c, Br
2
.
C. Cl
2
, HCl, NH
3
, dung dch NaOH. D. Fe, HCl, NaOH, HNO
3
c.
Cu 6: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C
7
H
8
O
2
. X tc dng vi Na thu c s mol kh ng bng s
mol X phn ng. Mt khc, X tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1. Khi cho X tc dng vi dung dch Br
2

thu c kt ta Y c cng thc phn t l C
7
H
5
O
2
Br
3
. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. o-HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
-OH B. m-HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
-OH

C. p-HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
-OH D. p-CH
3
-O-C
6
H
4
-OH
Cu 7: Hn hp X gm axit axetic, ancol B v este E to t axit axetic v ancol B. un nng 0,1 mol hn hp
X vi NaOH, tch ly lng ancol sau phn ng cho tc dng vi CuO nung nng thu c anehit B
1
.Cho
ton b B
1
tc dng vi dung dch AgNO
3
d trong NH
3
thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Cng thc ca B l?
A. CH
3
OH B. C
2
H
5
OH C. C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
D. C A v C
Cu 8: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc nu cho a
mol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lt kh H
2
( ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca
X l
A. CH
3
-C
6
H
3
(OH)
2
. B. HO-C
6
H
4
-COOCH
3
. C. HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
-OH. D. HO-C
6
H
4
-COOH.
Cu 9: Cho s chuyn ho trc tip: C
2
H
5
OH X C
2
H
5
OH.
Trong cc cht sau: C
4
H
6
(ivinyl), CH
3
CHO, CH
3
COOH, C
2
H
4
, C
2
H
5
ONa, (C
2
H
5
)
2
O, C
2
H
5
Cl, CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
,
s cht c th l cht X l
A. 4 cht B. 7 cht C. 8 cht D. 6 cht
Cu 10: C s : C
3
H
6
O
2
; H xt +
A
0
2 4
;170 H SO d C +
B
2
; H xt +
C
3
H
8

Bao nhiu cht c cng thc C
3
H
6
O tho mn s trn
A. 1 cht B. 2 cht C. 3 cht D. 4 cht
Cu 11: X l hp cht hu c mch h cha mt loi nhm chc, c cng thc C
x
H
y
O
2
, trong X c 1 lin kt
gia cacbon vi cacbon. Gi tr nh nht ca y tnh theo x l
A. y = 2x B. y = 2x 6 C. y = 2x 4 D. y = 2x - 2

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Cu 12: Cho cht hu c X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
d th thu c s mol Ag gp 4 ln s
mol X. t chy X cho s mol CO
2
gp 4 ln s mol X v 1 mol X lm mt mu va 2 mol Br
2
trong nc.
Cng thc ca X l
A. O=CH-CH=CH-CH=O B. O=CH-CC-CH=O
C. O=CH-CH
2
-CH
2
-CH=O D. CH
2
=C(CH=O)
2

Cu 13: Cho vinylaxetat tc dng vi dung dch Br
2
, sau thu phn hon ton sn phm thu c mui natri
axetat v cht hu c X. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH
2
=CH-OH B. O=CH-CH
2
OH C. CH
3
CH=O D. C
2
H
4
(OH)
2

Cu 14: Cht X c cng thc phn t l C
4
H
10
O
2
. X tc dng vi Cu(OH)
2
nhit phng. Oxi ho X bng
CuO d nung nng thu c cht hu c Y (phn ng theo t l mol 1:1). Khi cho Y tc dng vi Ag
2
O d
trong dung dch NH
3
un nng th c 1 mol Y th thu c ti a 2 mol Ag. Tn gi ca X l
A. Butan-1,2-iol B. Butan-2,3-iol
C. 2-Metylpropan-1,2-iol D. Butan-3,4-iol
Cu 15: Mt cht hu c mch h, khng phn nhnh ( ch cha C, H, O). Trong phn t X ch cha nhm
chc c nguyn t H linh ng, X c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)
2
. Khi cho X tc dng vi Na th s mol kh sinh
ra bng s mol X phn ng. Bit X c khi lng phn t l 90 vC. S cng thc cu to ph hp X l
A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4
Cu 16: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C
3
H
6
O
3
. Khi un nng X vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 2
sn phm hu c Y v Z trong Y ha tan c Cu(OH)
2
. Kt lun khng ng l
A. X l hp cht hu c a chc. B. X c tham gia phn ng trng bc.
C. X tc dng c vi Na. D. X tc dng c vi dung dch HCl.
Cu 17: Khi un nng stiren vi dung dch KMnO
4
ri axit ha th thu c axit hu c X. Sc kh etilen vo
dung dch KMnO
4
thu c ancol a chc Y. Thc hin phn ng este ha gia X v Y thu c este Z khng
c kh nng tc dng vi Na. Cng thc phn t ca Z l
A. C
18
H
18
O
4
. B. C
10
H
12
O
2
. C. C
16
H
14
O
4
. D. C
9
H
10
O
3
.
Cu 18: Cho chui chuyn ha sau:
3 2
2 4
HNO dd (1:1) HNO Zn/HCl
7 8 H SO dd
C H X Y Z .
X, Y, Z l cc hp cht hu c, thnh phn ch yu ca Z l
A. o- Metylanilin, p-Metylanilin B. o-Crezol, m-Crezol
C. o-Crezol, p-Crezol D. Axit o-phtalic, Axit p-phtalic
Cu 19: Hp cht hu c X c CTPT C
4
H
8
O
2
mch thng tha mn cc tnh cht sau:
- X lm mt mu dung dch Br
2
.
- 4,4 gam X tc dng vi Na d thu c 0,56 lt H
2
(ktc).
- Oxi ha X bi CuO, t
0
to ra sn phm Y l hp cht a chc.
Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH
3
-CH
2
-CO-CHO B. CH
2
=CH-CH(OH)-CH
2
OH
C. HO-(CH
2
)
3
-CH=O D. HO-CH
2
-CH(CH
3
)-CHO
Cu 20: Cht hu c X c t khi hi so vi metan bng 4,625. Khi t chy X thu c s mol H
2
O bng s
mol X chy, cn s mol CO
2
bng 2 ln s mol nc. X tc dng c vi Na, NaOH v AgNO
3
trong dung
dch NH
3
sinh ra Ag. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HOCH
2
CH
2
CHO B. C
2
H
5
COOH C. HCOOCH
2
CH
3
D. HOOC-CHO
Cu 21: C s : C
3
H
6
2
1:1
Br
X
(1:2)
o
NaOH
t
Y
o
CuO
t
Z
Cho 1 mol Z tc dng va vi dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
thu c 4 mol Ag. C
3
H
6
v Z c tn ln lt l
A. xiclopropan v propanial. B. propen v propanial.
C. propilen v anehit oxalic. D. xiclopropan v anehit oxalic.
Cu 22: Cho s sau:
2
CO Mg, ete khan HCl
2 5
C H Br A B D .
Cng thc ca D l
A. CH
3
CH
2
COOH B. CH
3
COOH C. CH
3
CH
2
OH D.
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
COOH
Cu 23: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
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Axetilen X Y Z T nha novolac
X, Y, Z, T ln lt l
A. Benzen, phenylclorua, natriphenolat, phenol.
B. Etilen, benzen, phenylclorua, phenol.
C. Vinylclorua, benzen, phenyl clorua, phenol.

D. Xiclohexan, benzen, phenylclorua, natriphenolat.
Cu 24: Hp cht A
1
c CTPT C
3
H
6
O
2
tho mn s
A
1

dd NaOH
A
2

2 4
dd H SO
A
3

3 3
dd AgNO / NH
A
4

Cng thc cu to ca A
1
l:
A. HCOOCH
2
CH
3
. B. CH
3
COCH
2
OH. C. CH
3
CH
2
COOH. D.
HOCH
2
CH
2
CHO.
Cu 25: Cho s :
0
2 5 3 3 2
+ KOH/C H OH, t + AgNO /NH + Br + HBr
2 4
C H X Y Z Y .
Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C
2
H
6
. B. C
2
H
2
. C. C
2
H
5
OH. D. C
2
H
4
.
Cu 26: Cho s : Propilen

+
+ H O H ,
2
A

+
o
t CuO,
B

+HCN
D.
Cng thc cu to ca D l
A. CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
OH B. CH
3
CH
2
CH(OH)CN
C. CH
3
C(OH)(CH
3
)CN D. CH
3
CH(OH)CH
3
.
Cu 27: Cho s phn ng :

+ +
Z Y X H C
O H ) t , xt ( H axeton
2 2
2
o
2
poliisopren
X, Y, Z ln lt l
A. CHC-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
3
-

CH
2
-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
2
=CH-C(CH
3
)-CH=CH
2
.
B. CHO-CH
2
-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
2
=CH-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
2
=CH-C(CH
3
)=CH
2
.
C. CHC-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
2
=CH-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
2
=CH-C(CH
3
)=CH
2
.
D. CH
2
=CH-CH(CHO)-CH
3
, CH
2
=CH-C(OH)(CH
3
)
2
, CH
2
=CH-C(CH
3
)=CH
2
.
Cu 28: T toluen mun iu ch o-nitrobenzoic ngi ta thc hin theo s sau
C
6
H
5
CH
3

_____

+ X(xt, t0)
( A )
_____+Y(xt, t0)


o-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
-COOH
X, Y ln lt l:
A. KMnO
4
v HNO
3
B. HNO
3
v H
2
SO
4
C. HNO
3
v KMnO
4
D. KMnO
4
v NaNO
2

Cu 29: Cho s :
+ HCl + HCl + NaOH
1 2 3
But-1-in X X X

Cng thc ca X
3
l
A. CH
3
-CO-C
2
H
5
B. C
2
H
5
CH
2
CHO
C. C
2
H
5
-CO-COH D. C
2
H
5
CH(OH)CH
2
OH
Cu 30: Cho s phn ng:
C
4
H
10
O
2
-H O
X
2 (dd)
+ Br
Y
0
+ NaOH, t
Z
0
+ CuO, t
2-hiroxi-2-metyl propanal.
Tn gi ca X l
A. Isobutilen B. But-2-en C. But-1-en D. xiclobutan
Cu 31: Cho s phn ng sau :

Cng thc cu to ca Y l
A. CH
2
=C(CH
3
)-COOC
6
H
5
. B. CH
2
=CH-COOC
6
H
5
.
C. C
6
H
5
COOCH=CH
2
. D. CH
2
=C(CH
3
)-COOCH
2
-C
6
H
5
.
Cu 32: Cho 6,8g mt hp cht hu c n chc tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,3 mol AgNO
3
/NH
3
thu
c 21,6g Ag. X l
A. 2-metylbut-3-inal B. But-1-inal C. but-2-inal D. But - 3- inal

+HCl

+
+
0
, / t H HCHO
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Cu 33: Cht hu c X n chc, mch h c cng thc phn t l C
4
H
6
O
2
. Cho 12,9 gam X vo 200 ml
dung dch NaOH 1M, un nng. Sau phn ng hon ton c cn dung dch thu c 16,1 gam cht rn khan.
Cng thc ca X l
A. CH
2
=CH-COO-CH
3
. B. H-COO-CH
2
-CH=CH
2
.
C. CH
3
-COO-CH=CH
2
. D. CH
2
=C(CH
3)
-COOH.
Cu 34: Hai cht hu c X, Y cha cc nguyn t C, H, O v c khi lng phn t u bng 74. Bit X tc
dng c vi Na, c X, Y u tc dng vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
. Vy X, Y c th
l
A. OHC-COOH; HCOOC
2
H
5
. B. OHC-COOH; C
2
H
5
COOH.
C. C
4
H
9
OH; CH
3
COOCH
3
. D. CH
3
COOCH
3
; HOC
2
H
4
CHO.
Cu 35: Hp cht hu c A c cng thc phn t l C
6
H
10
O
5
. Khi A tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO
3
v vi
Na u thu c s mol kh bng s mol A phn ng. Mt khc, 0,1 mol A tc dng va vi 200ml dung
dch KOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mt mui khan duy nht. Cng thc ca A v
gi tr ca m l
A. HO-CH
2
CH
2
COOCH
2
CH
2
COOH; 25,6 g B. HO-CH
2
CH
2
COOCH
2
CH
2
COOH; 23,8g
C. HOOCCH
2
CHOHCH
2
CH
2
COOH; 23,8g D. HOOCCH
2
CHOHCH
2
CH
2
COOH; 25,6g
Cu 36: Cho a mol hp cht thm X phn ng va ht vi a lit dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu cho a mol
X phn ng vi Na d thu c 22,4a lit H
2
(ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. HO-C
6
H
4
-COOH B. HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
OH
C. CH
3
-C
6
H
3
(OH)
2
D. HO-C
6
H
4
-COOCH
3

Cu 37: Hp cht hu c X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO
3
cho ra s mol kh CO
2
bng s mol X. X lm mt
mu nc brom. Th tch ca 1,85 gam hi cht X bng th tch ca 0,80 gam kh O
2
(cng iu kin v nhit
, p sut). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HO-CH
2
-CH
2
-CHO B. CH
2
=CH-COOH C. HOOC-CHO D. CH
3
-CH
2
-COOH
Cu 38: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO
2
( ktc) v 5,4 gam H
2
O. X
tc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng trng bc, lm mt mu dung dch nc brom. Cng thc cu to ca
X l
A. HO-CH
2
-CH
2
-CH
2
=CH-CHO B. HOCH
2
-CH=CH-CHO
C. HOOC-CH=CH-CH
2
-OH D. HOOC-CH=CH-CHO
Cu 39: Bit rng A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c cht rn B v hn
hp hi C. Chng ct C thu c D, D trng bc to sn phm E. E tc dng vi dung dch NaOH li thu c
B. Cng thc cu to ca A l
A. HCOOCH
2
CH=CH
2
B. CH
3
COOCH=CH
2
C. HCOOCH=CH-CH
3
D. HCOOCH=CH
2

Cu 40: Cht hu c X tc dng vi AgNO
3
trong NH
3
, un nng thu c Ag. Mt khc, hiro ha hon
ton X thu c 2,3-imetyl butan-1-ol. X c bao nhiu cng thc cu to?
A. 5 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6
Cu 41: Cht hu x Z c cng thc phn t C
4
H
6
O
2
Cl
2
Z + dung dch NaOH mui hu c Z
1
+ NaCl + H
2
O
Cng thc cu to ph hp ca Z l
A. CH
3
COOCCl
2
CH
3
. B. CH
3
CHClCHClCOOH.
C. CHCl
2
COOCH
2
CH
3
. D. CH
3
CH
2
COOCHCl
2
.
Cu 42: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C
4
H
7
O
2
Cl. Khi thu phn X trong mi trng kim thu c
cc sn phm trong c 2 cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HCOOCH
2
CHClCH
3
. B. CH
3
COOCH
2
Cl.
C. C
2
H
5
COOCH
2
CH
2
Cl. D. HCOOCHClCH
2
CH
3
.
Cu 43: t chy mt hp cht hu c X n chc, mch h ch thu c CO
2
, H
2
O c s mol bng nhau v
s mol O
2
cn dng gp 4 ln s mol ca X phn ng. X lm mt mu Br
2
trong dung mi nc v cng H
2
d
(xc tc Ni, un nng) cho ancol. S cng thc cu to tha mn ca X l
A. 1. B. 4. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 44: Hp cht X l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t C
8
H
10
O
2
. X tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol
1:1. Mt khc cho X tc dng vi Na th s mol H
2
thu c ng bng s mol ca X phn ng. Nu tch

C t
0
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Lin h hc trc tip: 0985052510
mt phn t H
2
O t X th to ra sn phm c kh nng trng hp to polime. S cng thc cu to ph hp ca
X l
A. 2. B. 6. C. 3. D. 9.
Cu 45: Cho X c cng thc phn t C
4
H
6
O. Bit:
- X phn ng Na theo t l mol 1 : 2 cho ra kh H
2
.
- X phn ng C
2
H
5
OH, AgNO
3
/NH
3

Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. CH
2
=C=CH-CH
2
OH. B. CH
3
-CC-CH
2
OH.
C. CHC-CH
2
-O-CH
3
. D. CHC-CH
2
CH
2
OH.
Cu 46: Cht hu c X mch h, tn ti dng trans c cng thc phn t C
4
H
8
O, X lm mt mu dung dch
Br
2
v tc dng vi Na gii phng kh H
2
. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. CH
2
=CHCH
2
CH
2
OH. B. CH
3
CH
2
CH=CHOH.
C. CH
3
CH=CHCH
2
OH. D. CH
2
=C(CH
3
)CH
2
OH.
Cu 47: X l mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C
6
H
10
O
5
v tha mn tnh cht:
X + 2NaOH

C t
0
2Y + H
2
O
Y + HCl
(long)
Z + NaCl
Nu cho 0,1 mol Z tc dng vi Na d thu c bao nhiu mol H
2
?
A. 0,05 mol. B. 0,1 mol. C. 0,2 mol. D. 0,15 mol.
Cu 48: Cho hp cht hu c n chc mch h X. Khi X b t chy ch thu c CO
2
v H
2
O. Trong X cha
53,33% oxi v khi lng. S cht X tha mn iu kin trn l
A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 49: Cht A c cng thc phn t C
4
H
6
O
2
. Cho m gam A phn ng va vi dung dch cha 2 gam
NaOH, to ra 4,1 gam mui. Kt lun no sau y l ng cho cht A
A. A c kh nng lm i mu qu tm thnh .
B. A c phn ng trng bc v c lm mt mu nc brom.
C. A c phn ng trng bc nhng khng lm mt mu nc brom.
D. A khng tham gia phn ng trng bc nhng c lm mt mu nc brom.
Cu 05: A, B, C u c cng thc phn t C
3
H
6
O. A khng lm mt mu dung dch nc brm, B tc dng
c vi kim loi natri, C c phn ng trng bc. Vy A, B, C ln lt l
A. CH
2
=CH-O-CH
3
, CH
2
=CH-CH
2
-OH, CH
3
-CO-CH
3
.
B. CH
3
-CO-CH
3
, CH
2
=CH-CH
2
-OH, CH
3
CH
2
CHO.
C. CH
2
=CH-O-CH
3
, CH
2
=CH-CH
2
-OH, CH
3
CH
2
CHO.
D. CH
3
-CO-CH
3
, CH
2
=CH-O-CH
3
, CH
3
CH
2
CHO.
Cu 51: Cho s sau:
X + H
2

0
,t xt
ancol X
1
.
X + O
2

0
,t xt
axit hu c X
2
.
X
1
+ X
2

0
,t xt
C
6
H
10
O
2
+ H
2
O.
Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH
3
CH
2
CHO. B. CH
2
=CH-CHO.
C. CH
3
-CHO. D. CH
2
=C(CH
3
)-CHO.
Cu 52: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c X l dn xut ca benzen thu c CO
2
c khi lng nh
hn 35,2 gam. Bit rng a mol X phn ng va vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 2aM. Cng thc cu to ca X
l
A. C
6
H
5
-CH
2
OH. B. HO-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
OH.
C. HO-CH2-C6H4-COOH. D. C6H4(OH)2.
Cu 53: C 4 cht A
1
, A
2,
A
3
, A
4
trong cc dung dch tng ng cho tc dng vi Cu(OH)
2
trong iu kin
thch hp th: A
1
to mu tm; A
2
to dung dch xanh lam; A
3
to kt ta khi un nng; A
4
to dung dch xanh
lam v to kt ta gch khi un nng. A
1
, A
2,
A
3
, A
4
ln lt l
A. anbumin, saccaroz, glucoz, anehit fomic.
B. saccaroz, anehit fomic, fructoz, anbumin.
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C. anbumin, saccaroz, fructoz, anehit fomic.
D. anbumin, saccaroz, anehit fomic, fructoz.
Cu 54: Cho 9,2 gam hp cht hu c X C
6
H
4
O phn ng va vi dung dch cha 68 gam AgNO
3
trong
NH
3
thu c

21,6 gam Ag kt ta. Cng thc ca X l
A. CHC-CH=C=CH-CHO. B. CHC-CO-CH
2
-CCH.
C. CHC-CH(CHO)-CCH. D. CHC-CC-CH
2
-CHO.
Cu 55: Cho s phn ng:
o o o
2
+ H (xt, t ) + CO (xt, t ) + X (xt, t )
CO X Y Z
Bit X, Y, Z l cc cht hu c. Cng thc phn t ca cht Z l
A. C
3
H
6
O
2
. B. C
4
H
6
O
2
. C. C
4
H
8
O
2
. D. C
3
H
4
O
2
.

Cu 56: Cho s phn ng sau:
o o
3 3 2
+ dd AgNO /NH + Cl , as + NaOH, t + CuO, t
1 :1
Toluen X Y Z T
Bit X, Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c v l nhng sn phm chnh. Cng thc cu to ng ca T l
A. C
6
H
5
COOH. B. CH
3
C
6
H
4
COONH
4
.
C. C
6
H
5
COONH
4
. D. pHOOCC
6
H
4
COONH
4
.
Cu 57: Cho cht hu c A c cng thc phn t l C
4
H
6
O
2
v ph hp vi dy bin ha sau:
A
2
o
H
Ni, t
+
B
2
o
H O
xt , t

C
trng hp
cao su Buna.
S cng thc cu to c th tha mn cc tnh cht ca A l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 58: Cho s sau: (X) (Y) (Z) Thy tinh hu c. Vy cc cht (X), (Y), (Z) ph hp
vi s trn ln lt l
A. CH
3
CH(OH)COOH; CH
2
= CHCOOH, CH
2
= CHCOOCH
3
.
B. C
2
H
5
; CH
3
COOH; CH
3
COOCH

= CH
2
.
C. CH
3
C(OH)(CH
3
)COOH; CH
2
= C(CH
3
)COOH; CH
2
= C(CH
3
)COOCH
3
.
D. CH
4
; C
2
H
2
; CH
2
= CHCl
Cu 59: Cho s phn ng:
C
2
H
2
X Y CH
3
COOH.
Bit X, Y u l cc hp cht hu c. Trong s cc cht: C
2
H
6
, C
2
H
4
, CH
3
CHO, CH
3
COOCH=CH
2
, s cht ph
hp vi cht X trong s trn l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1.
Cu 60: Cho s :
X Y D E thy tinh plecxiglat.
X c cng thc l
A. CH
3
CH(CH
3
)CH
2
OH. B. CH
2
=C(CH
3
)CH
2
OH.
C. CH
2
=C(CH
3
)CH
2
CH
2
OH. D. CH
3
CH(CH
3
)CH
2
CH
2
OH.
Cu 61: Cho cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C
5
H
11
Cl tha mn s chuyn ha:
A B (ancol bc I) C D (ancol bc II) E F (ancol bc III)
Tn gi ca A l
A. 1-clo-2-metylbutan. B. 1-clo-3-metylbutan. C. 2-clo-3-metylbutan. D. 1-clopentan.
Cu 62: Cho s :
C
6
H
6
X Y Z m-HO-C
6
H
4
-NH
2

Cc cht X, Y, Z tng ng l

A. C
6
H
5
Cl, m-Cl-C
6
H
4
-NO
2
, m-HO-C
6
H
4
-NO
2
.
B. C
6
H
5
NO
2
, m-Cl-C
6
H
4
-NO
2
, m-HO-C
6
H
4
-NO
2
.
C. C
6
H
5
Cl, C
6
H
5
OH, m-HO-C
6
H
4
-NO
2
.
D. C
6
H
5
NO
2
, C
6
H
5
NH
2
, m-HO-C
6
H
4
-NO
2
.
Cu 63: Cho hp cht thm Cl-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
-Cl tc dng vi dung dch KOH (long, d, t) sn phm thu c l
A. KO-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
-OH. B. HO-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
-

OH.
+CuO+O
2
+CH
3
OH trng hp
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C. HO-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
-Cl. D. Cl-C
6
H
4
-CH
2
-OH.
Cu 64: Cho s chuyn ha trc tip sau:
Hirocacbon X Y Ancol Z Anehit E Axit F.
Cp X, Y no khng tha mn s trn?
A. C
2
H
4
, C
2
H
5
Cl. B. C
3
H
6
, C
3
H
6
Br
2
. C. C
2
H
2
, C
2
H
3
Cl. D. C
3
H
6
, C
3
H
5
Cl.
Cu 65: Cho bn cht X, Y, Z, T c cng thc l C
2
H
2
O
n
(n 0). X, Y, Z u tc dng c dung dch
AgNO
3
/NH
3
; Z, T tc dng c vi NaOH; X tc dng c H
2
O. X, Y, Z, T tng ng l
A. HOOC-COOH; CHCH; OHC-COOH; OHC-CHO.
B. OHC-CHO; CHCH; OHC-COOH; HOOC-COOH.
C. OHC-COOH; HOOC-COOH; CHCH; OHC-CHO.
D. CHCH; OHC-CHO; OHC-COOH; HOOC-COOH.
Cu 66: Cho s chuyn ho sau
0 0
2
0
3
+H , t xt, t +Z
2 2
Pd, PbCO
t , xt, p
C H X Y Caosu buna-N
Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l
A. benzen; xiclohexan; amoniac. B. axetanehit; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien.
C. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; stiren. D. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; acrilonitrin.
Cu 67: Hp cht X c cha vng benzen v c cng thc phn t l C
7
H
6
Cl
2
. Thy phn hon ton X trong
NaOH c d, t cao, p cao thu c cht Y c CTPT l C
7
H
7
O
2
Na. Cho bit X c bao nhiu CTCT tha mn?
A. 4. B. 3. C. 5. D. 2.
Cu 68: Hp cht X c cng thc phn t C
3
H
5
Cl
3
, khi cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng th
thu c cht hu c Y cha 4 nguyn t. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH
2
Cl-CHCl-CH
2
Cl. B. CH
3
-CH
2
-CCl
3
.
C. CH
2
Cl-CH
2
-CHCl
2
. D. CH
2
Cl-CCl
2
-CH
3
.
Cu 69: Chui phn ng:
CH
3
CH
2
COOH
2
Cl , 1 : 1, xt +
A
0
NaOH, t +
. B
+

HCl d
C
+

dd KOH d
D
Cng thc ca D l
A. CH
3
CH(OH)COOK B. CH
2
(OK)CH
2
COOK
C. CH
3
CH(OK)COOK D. CH
2
(OH)CH
2
COOK
Cu 70: Cho s chuyn ha:
CH
3
CH(CH
3
)CH
2
CH
2
Cl A A B B C D

Bit cc cht A,B, C, D l cc sn phm chnh.Tn gi ca D l
A. 2-clo-3-metylbutan B. 3-metylbut-1-en C. 2-clo-2-metylbutan D. 2-metylbut-2-en
Cu 71: Cho s : H
2
N-R-COOH
+ du HCl
A
1

+ du NaOH

A
2
;
H
2
N-R-COOH
+ du NaOH
B
1

+ du HCl
B
2
. Nhn xt no sau y l ng ?
A. A
1
khc B
2
B. A
1
trng vi B
2
v A
2
trng vi B
1

C. A
1
, A
2
, B
1
, B
2
l 4 cht khc nhau D. A
2
khc B
1

Cu 72: Cho s Buta-1,3 -ien
2
0
Br (1:1)
40 C
+

X

+
0
,t NaOH
Y

+ t CuO,
Z
3 3
AgNO / NH +

T.
Bit cc cht trn mi tn l sn phm chnh ;T c th l cht no sau y ?
A. OHC-CH=CHCHO B. NH
4
OOC-CH=CH-COONH
4

C. CH
3
CH[CHO]CH[CHO]CH
3
D. HOOC-CO-CH=CH
2

Cu 73: Cho s sau:
alanin
+ HCl
X
1

+ khan HCl OH CH /
3
X
2

+ du NaOH
X
3
.
Trong s trn c bao nhiu cht c kh nng lm i mu qu tm?
A. 0 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1
Cu 74: Cho s chuyn ho sau:
KOH,
t0
l
HCl
KOH,t
0
,
ancol
HCl
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HCOONa A C
2
H
5
OH B D (COOH)
2

Cc cht A, B, D c th l
A. H
2
; C
4
H
6
; C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
. B. H
2
; C
2
H
4
; C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
.
C. CH
4
; C
2
H
2
; (CHO)
2
. D. C
2
H
6
; C
2
H
4
(OH)
2
.
Cu 75: Cho s chuyn ha sau:
X Y
Z
+ H
2
- H
2
O
polibutaien
glucoz C
2
H
5
OH
HCHO

Vy Y l
A. butan-1,4-iol. B. butan-2,3-iol. C. butan-2,3-iol. D. but-3-en-1-ol.
Cu 76: Cho s sau: (X) (Y) (Z) HCHO
Cc cht X, Y, Z c th l
A. CH
3
CHO, CH
3
COONa, CH
4
B. CH
3
CHO, CH
3
COOH, CH
4

C. HCHO, CH
3
OH, HCOOCH
3
D. HCHO, CH
3
ONa, CH
3
OH
Cu 77: Cho s bin ho
CH
4
X Y CH
3
COOH
tho mn vi s bin ho trn th Y l
A. C
2
H
4
hoc C
2
H
5
OH B. C
2
H
5
OH
C. CH
3
CHO hoc CH
3
OH D. CH
3
CHO hoc CH
2
CHCl
Cu 78: Cho s sau:
+ 0 0
c H O , t H SO c, t + HCN
3 2 4
CH OH/H SO
3 2 4
3 3 4 6 2
CH COCH X Y Z(C H O ) T .
Cng thc cu to ca cht hu c T l
A. CH
2
= CHCOOCH
3
. B. CH
3
CH
2
COOCH
3
.
C. CH
3
CH(OH)COOCH
3
. D. CH
2
= C(CH
3
)COOCH
3
.
Cu 79: Cho s sau: C
4
H
10


X
1


X
2


X
3


X
4


CH
3
COOH
Bit rng X
1
, X
2
, X
3
, X
4
c cng s nguyn t cacbon v t chy thu c CO
2
v H
2
O. Vy X
1
; X
2
; X
3
; X
4
l
A. CH
3
-CH
3
; CH
2
=CH
2
; CH
3
-CH
2
OH; CH
3
CH=O
B. CH
3
-CH
3
; CH
2
=CH
2
; CH
2
=CH-OH; CH
3
-CH
2
OH
C. CH
3
-CH
3
; CH
2
=CH
2
; CH
3
-CH
2
Cl; CH
3
CH
2
OH
D. CH
2
=CH
2
; CH
3
-CH
3
; CH
3
-CH=O; CH
3
CH
2
OH
Cu 80: Cho s sau:
(CH
3
)
2
CH-CH
2
CH
2
Cl

) t ( ol tan e / KOH
0
A

HCl
B

) t ( ol tan e / KOH
0
C

HCl
D

) t ( O H , NaOH
0
2
E
E c cng thc cu to l
A. (CH
3
)
2
CH-CH
2
CH
2
OH. B. (CH
3
)
2
CH-CH(OH)CH
3
.
C. (CH
3
)
2
C=CHCH
3
. D. (CH
3
)
2
C(OH)-CH
2
CH
3
.
Cu 81: Cho s phn ng: A --> B --> TNT, Cu tr li no sau y l ng v A, B?
A. A l hexan, B l toluen B. A l toluen, B l heptan
C. Tt c iu sai D. A l benzen, B l toluen
Cu 82: t chy hon ton mt khi lng nh nhau cc cht hu c (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), u thu c
2,64 gam CO
2
v 1,08 gam H
2
O, th tch O
2
cn dng l 1,344 lt (ktc). T l s mol tng ng (A), (B), (C),
(D), (E) l 1 : 1,5 : 2 : 3 : 6. Nu s mol ca (C) l 0,02 mol th CTPT ca (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) ln lt l
A. C
6
H
12
O
6
, C
3
H
6
O
3
, C
4
H
8
O
4
, C
2
H
4
O
2
, CH
2
O
B. C
6
H
12
O
6
, C
4
H
8
O
4
, C
3
H
6
O
3
, C
2
H
4
O
2
, CH
2
O
C. C
6
H
12
O
6
, C
4
H
8
O
4
, C
3
H
6
O
3
, CH
2
O, C
2
H
4
O
2

D. C
6
H
12
O
6
, C
4
H
8
O
4
, C
2
H
4
O
2
, C
3
H
6
O
3
, CH
2
O
Cu 83: Cht X cha C, H, O c t khi i vi H
2
l 30. X c phn ng trng gng, s cng thc cu to ph
hp ca X l
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2
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Cu 84: t chy 0,2 mol hp cht A thuc loi tp chc thu c 26,4 gam kh CO
2
, 12,6 gam hi H
2
O, 2,24
lt kh nit (ktc) v lng O
2
cn dng l 0,75 mol. S ng phn ca A tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v
HCl l
A. 2. B. 4. C. 3. D. 5.
Cu 85: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht. t chy hon ton 0,74 gam
X thu c 0,672 lt CO
2
ktc v 0,54 gam H
2
O. Bit rng X c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng v
tc dng c vi Na. Cng thc phn t v s ng phn cu to ca X tho mn iu kin trn l
A. C
3
H
6
O
2
; 1. B. C
4
H
10
O; 2. C. C
3
H
6
O
2
; 2. D. C
4
H
10
O; 3.
Cu 86: Vi cng thc phn t C
3
H
7
O
2
N c bao nhiu ng phn cu to thuc hp cht lng tnh ?
A. 2 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
Cu 87: C bao nhiu ng phn l hp cht thm c cng cng thc phn t C
8
H
10
O tc dng c vi Na v
tc dng c vi NaOH?

A. 6 B. 8 C. 9 D. 7
Cu 88: Mt hp cht thm X c cng thc phn t C
7
H
8
O. S ng phn ca X tc dng c vi dung dch
Br
2
trong nc l
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 3
Cu 89: Cho cc cng thc phn t sau: C
3
H
7
Cl , C
3
H
8
O v C
3
H
9
N. S ng phn ca cc cht tng dn theo
th t
A. C
3
H
8
O < C
3
H
9
N < C
3
H
7
Cl B. C
3
H
7
Cl < C
3
H
8
O < C
3
H
9
N
C. C
3
H
8
O < C
3
H
7
Cl < C
3
H
9
N D. C
3
H
7
Cl < C
3
H
9
N < C
3
H
8
O
Cu 90: Cho cc cht: C
4
H
10
O, C
4
H
9
Cl, C
4
H
10
, C
4
H
11
N. S ng phn ca cc cht gim theo th t
A. C
4
H
9
Cl, C
4
H
10
, C
4
H
10
O, C
4
H
11
N. B. C
4
H
11
N, C
4
H
9
Cl, C
4
H
10
O, C
4
H
10
.
C. C
4
H
11
N, C
4
H
10
O, C
4
H
9
Cl, C
4
H
10
. D. C
4
H
11
N, C
4
H
10
O, C
4
H
10
, C
4
H
9
Cl.
D. Axeton, etilen, anehit axetic, cumen.
Cu 91: Cht hu c X mch h, khng cha lin kt (-O-O-) v c cng thc phn t l C
3
H
6
O
n
. Bit X ch
cha mt loi nhm chc. S ng phn cu to c th c ca X l
A. 4. B. 6. C. 7. D. 5.
Cu 92: Vi cng thc C
7
H
8
O c bao nhiu ng phn l dn xut ca benzen v c bao nhiu ng phn l
dn xut ca benzen tc dng c vi tt c cc cht: K, KOH, (CH
3
CO)
2
O?
A. 4 v 3. B. 5 v 3. C. 5 v 2. D. 4 v 2.
Cu 93: X l hp cht thm, c cng thc phn t C
7
H
8
O
2
; 0,5a mol X phn ng va ht a lt dung dch NaOH
0,5M. Mt khc nu cho 0,1 mol X phn ng vi Na (d) thu c 2,24 lt kh H
2
( ktc). S cng thc cu to
mn cc tnh cht ca X l
A. 3 B. 5 C. 6 D. 4
Cu 94: Cho 2 cht hu c X v Y u cha vng benzen v c cng thc phn t dng C
x
H
y
O. Tng s lin
kt (xichma) c trong phn t X v Y u l 16. S cng thc cu to ca X v Y l
A. 6 v 5 B. 5 v 4 C. 4 v 3 D. 5 v 5
Cu 95: Cht hu c X n chc (c cha cc nguyn t C, H, O) v cha vng benzen. X tc dng vi Na
thu c kh H
2
. t chy hon ton 1 mol X thu c t hn 8 mol CO
2
. S cht tha mn cc tnh cht ca X
l
A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4
Cu 96: X l hp cht hu c, mch h ch cha mt loi nhm chc. t chy hon ton X ch thu c CO
2

v H
2
O. Khi lm bay hi hon ton 4,5 gam X thu c th tch bng th tch ca 2,1 gam kh N
2
cng iu
kin. S cng thc cu to ca X tha mn l
A. 5 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 97: X c cng thc C
4
H
14
O
3
N
2
. Khi cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH th thu c hn hp Y gm 2
kh iu kin thng v u c kh nng lm xanh qu tm m. S cng thc cu to ph hp ca X l
A. 5 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2
Cu 98: S ng phn l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t C
8
H
10
O tc dng c vi NaOH l
A. 9. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8.
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Cu 99: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C
6
H
10
O
2
, cho 9,12 gam X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH va
thu c dung dch Y, cho dung dch Y tc dng vi dung dch AgNO
3
d trong NH
3
un nng thu c
34,56 gam Ag. S ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 4. B. 5 C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 100: Cho isopren tc dng Br
2
theo t l mol 1:1 thu c ti a x dn xut mono brom. un nng ancol
bc 2 C
5
H
12
O vi H
2
SO
4
c 180
0
C thu c ti a y sn phm hu c. Mi lin h gia x, y l
A. x - y = 1 B. x = y C. y - x = 1 D. y - x = 2
Cu 101: t chy hon ton 1 mol ancol X no, a chc, mch h c kh nng ha tan Cu(OH)
2
cn mt
lng va l 5,5 mol O
2
. S cng thc cu to tha mn iu kin ca X l
A. 6. B. 5. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 102: Hp cht hu c X ng vi cng thc phn t C
3
H
10
O
2
N
2
. Cho X vo dung dch NaOH un nng
thy to ra NH
3
. Mt khc khi X tc dng vi dung dch HCl to ra hn hp sn phm trong c mui ca
amino axit. S cng thc cu to tha mn vi iu kin ca X l
A. 3. B. 4. C. 1. D. 2.
Cu 103: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C
3
H
5
Br
3
. Khi un nng X vi dung dch NaOH d to sn
phm hu c c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng bc. S cng thc cu to tha mn vi iu kin ca X l
A. 1. B. 3. C. 4. D. 2.
Cu 104: Cho phn ng: X + aH
2


0
t , xt
CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-OH

. Bit rng X mch h, a l s lin kt ca X.
S cng thc cu to tha mn iu kin ca X l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 105: t chy mt hp cht hu c X n chc, mch h ch thu c CO
2
, H
2
O c s mol bng nhau v
s mol O
2
cn dng gp 4 ln s mol ca X phn ng. X lm mt mu Br
2
trong dung mi nc v cng H
2
d
(xc tc Ni, un nng) cho ancol. S cng thc cu to tha mn ca X l
A. 1. B. 4. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 106: Hiro ha cht X (C
4
H
6
O, mch h) c ancol butylic. S cng thc cu to c th c ca X l
A. 5 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 107: Hp cht X c vng benzen v c cha C, H, N. Trong X, % khi lng ca N l 13,08%. S ng
phn ca X l
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
Cu 108: Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C
8
H
6
O
2
, vi cc nhm th trn cc nguyn t cacbon lin
tip trong vng benzen. X va tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH, va tc dng c vi dung dch
AgNO
3
/NH
3
. S cng thc cu to tha mn cc tnh cht ca X l
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 109: t chy hon ton cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C
x
H
y
O th s mol O
2
cn dng t chy
gp 4,5 ln s mol ca X chy, sau phn ng thu c CO
2
v H
2
O trong s mol H
2
O > s mol CO
2
. S
cng thc cu to ca X l
A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 5
Cu 110: ng vi cng thc phn t C
2
H
7
O
2
N c bao nhiu cht va phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH, va
phn ng c vi dung dch HCl ?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4.
Cu 111: Hp cht hu c A cng thc phn t dng C
x
H
y
O
z
trong oxi chim 29,09% v khi lng. Bit A
tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 2 v tc dng vi Br
2
trong dung dch theo t l 1 : 3. Tn gi ca A l
A. o ihiroxibenzen. B. m ihiroxibenzen. C. p ihiroxibenzen. D. axit benzoic.
Cu 112: Cho X l hn hp gm cc hp cht hu c (cha C, H, O) u tc dng c vi Na gii phng H
2

v u c khi lng phn t l 74 vC. X cha ti a bao nhiu cht c th tham gia phn ng trng gng?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 113: X c vng benzen v c cng thc phn t l C
9
H
8
O
2
. X tc dng d dng vi dung dch brom thu
c cht Y c cng thc phn t l C
9
H
8
O
2
Br
2
. Mt khc, cho X tc dng vi NaHCO
3
thu c mui Z c
cng thc phn t l C
9
H
7
O
2
Na. S cng thc cu to tha mn cc tnh cht ca X l
A. 3 B. 6 C. 4 D. 5
Cu 114: C bao nhiu ng phn l dn xut ca benzen c cng thc phn t C
7
H
6
O
2
?
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A. 4. B. 5. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 115: ng vi cng thc phn t C
3
H
6
O c bao nhiu hp cht mch h bn khi tc dng vi H
2
(Ni, t)
sinh ra ancol?
A. 4. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 116: Hp cht thm X, c cng thc phn t C
8
H
8
O
2
va c kh nng tc dng vi Na, va c kh nng
tc dng vi NaOH v lm qu tm chuyn mu hng. S ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 3.
Cu 117: X l hp cht hu c, mch h ch cha mt loi nhm chc. t chy hon ton X ch thu c CO
2

v H
2
O. Khi lm bay hi hon ton 4,5 gam X thu c th tch bng th tch ca 2,1 gam kh N
2
cng iu
kin. S cng thc cu to ca X tha mn l
A. 5 B. 6 C. 3 D. 4
Cu 118: Hp cht hu c n chc X (cha C, H, O) c t khi hi vi H
2
l 43. Cho X tc dng vi dung
dch NaOH ta c hp cht hu c Y c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. S ng phn cng chc
ca X l
A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3
Cu 119: ng vi cng thc C
3
H
8
O
n
c bao nhiu ng phn ch cha nhm chc OH trong phn t c th
ho tan c Cu(OH)
2
?
A. 3 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
Cu 120: Cho X, Y, Z l ba hp cht thm u c cng thc phn t l C
7
H
6
Cl
2
. Khi un nng vi dung dch
NaOH long th X phn ng theo t l mol 1:2, Y phn ng theo t l mol 1:1 cn Z khng phn ng. S ng
phn cu to ca X, Y, Z ln lt l
A. 1, 3, 6 B. 1, 3, 5 C. 1, 3, 4 D. 1, 2, 3