ANCOL TRONG THI I HC

Cu 1: (H A07) Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l

A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
Cu 2: (H A07) Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2
sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k dung dch
X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40)
A. 550.
B. 810.
C. 650.
D. 750.
Cu 3: (H A07) Khi tch nc t mt cht X c cng thc phn t C4H10O to thnh ba anken l ng phn ca
nhau (tnh c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. (CH3)3COH.
B. CH3OCH2CH2CH3.
C. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3.
D. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH.
Cu 4: (H A07) Khi thc hin phn ng este ho 1 mol CH3COOH v 1 mol C2H5OH, lng este ln nht thu
c l 2/3 mol. t hiu sut cc i l 90% (tnh theo axit) khi tin hnh este ho 1 mol CH3COOH cn s mol
C2H5OH l (bit cc phn ng este ho thc hin cng nhit )
A. 0,342.
B. 2,925.
C. 2,412.
D. 0,456.
Cu 5: (H A07)Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi
9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. CH3OH v
A. C3H5OH v C4H7OH. B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C2H5OH.
Cu 6: (C B 07) Cho hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi nc (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) thu c
hn hp Z gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y. t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp Z sau hp th ton b sn phm
chy vo 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch T trong nng ca NaOH bng 0,05M. Cng thc cu
to thu gn ca X v Y l (Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k)
A. C4H9OH v C5H11OH. B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
Cu 7: (C B 07) Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y CH3COOH. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2.
B. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO.
C. CH3CHO v CH3CH2OH.
D. CH3CH(OH)COOH v CH3CHO.
Cu 8: (C B 07) t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th
tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca X
l
A. C3H8O2.
B. C3H8O3.
C. C3H4O.
D. C3H8O.
Cu 9: (C B 07)C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m phn t
ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Cu 10: (C B 07)Khi thc hin phn ng tch nc i vi ru (ancol) X, ch thu c mt anken duy nht. Oxi
ho hon ton mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 5,4 gam nc. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to
ph hp vi X? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 11: (C B 07) Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y);
HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T). Nhng cht tc dng c vi
Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l
A. X, Y, Z, T.
B. X, Z, T.
C. X, Y, R, T.
D. Z, R, T.
Cu 12: (H A 08) Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc
dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2 l 13,75).
Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag.
Gi tr ca m l A. 7,8.
B. 8,8.
C. 7,4.
D. 9,2.
Cu 13: (H A 08) Dy gm cc cht c xp theo chiu nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH.
C. C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
D. C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH
Cu 14: (H A 08) Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng
ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol) ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1
Cu 15: (H B08) un nng hn hp gm hai ru (ancol) n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng
o
vi H2SO4 c 140 C. Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 6 gam hn hp gm ba ete v
1,8 gam nc. Cng thc phn t ca hai ru trn l
C. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.D. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH
.B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
Cu 16: (H B08) Oxi ho 1,2 gam CH3OH bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp sn phm X

(gm HCHO, H2O v CH3OH d). Cho ton b X tc dng vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch
NH3, c 12,96 gam Ag. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ho CH3OH l
A. 76,6%.
B. 80,0%.
C. 65,5%.
D. 70,4%.
Cu 17: (H B08) Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ru (ancol) etylic
46 l (bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ru etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml)
A. 5,4 kg.
B. 5,0 kg.
C. 6,0 kg.
D. 4,5 kg.
Cu 18: (H B08) un nng mt ru (ancol) n chc X vi dung dch H2SO4 c trong iu kin nhit thch
hp sinh ra cht hu c Y, t khi hi ca X so vi Y l 1,6428. Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C3H8O.
B. C2H6O.
C. CH4O.
D. C4H8O.
Cu 19: (H B08) nh hng ca nhm -OH n gc C6H5- trong phn t phenol th hin qua phn ng gia
phenol viA. dung dch NaOH. B. Na kim loi. C. nc Br2. D. H2 (Ni, nung nng).
Cu 20: (C 08) t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol
tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6O2.
B. C2H6O.
C. C4H10O2.
D. C3H8O2.
Cu 21: (C 08)t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu c
0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15
mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l:
A. C3H6O, C4H8O.
B. C2H6O, C3H8O.
C. C2H6O2, C3H8O2. D. C2H6O, CH4O.
Cu 22: (C 08) Cho dy cc cht: phenol, anilin, phenylamoni clorua, natri phenolat, etanol. S cht trong dy phn ng
c vi NaOH (trong dung dch) lA. 4.
B. 3.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 23: (C 08) Cho s chuyn ha sau (mi mi tn l mt phng trnh phn ng): Tinh bt X Y Z
metyl axetat.Cc cht Y, Z trong s trn ln lt l:
A. CH3COOH, CH3OH.
B. C2H4, CH3COOH.
C. C2H5OH, CH3COOH. D. CH3COOH, C2H5OH.
(C
08)
Cu 24:
Oxi ho ancol n chc X bng CuO (un nng), sinh ra mt sn phm hu c duy nht l xeton Y
(t khi hi ca Y so vi kh hiro bng 29). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3-CHOH-CH3.
B. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH.
C. CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH3.
D. CH3-CO-CH3.
Cu 25: (H A 09)Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y gm hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu c 11,7 gam H2O v 7,84 lt kh
CO2 ( ktc). Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l
A. 46,15%.
B. 35,00%.
C. 53,85%.
D. 65,00%.
Cu 26: (H A 09) Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton
hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l
A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
Cu 27: Khi t chay hoan toan m gam hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mach
h thu c V lit khi CO2 ( ktc) va a gam
H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a va V la:
A. m = 2a V/22,4
B. m =2a V/11,2
C. m = A + V/5,6
D. m = a V/5,6
Cu 28: (H A 09) t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Mt
khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam. Gi tr ca m
v tn gi ca X tng ng l
A. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol.
B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol.
C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol. D. 4,9 v glixerol.
Cu 29: (C A 09) Oxi ho m gam etanol thu c hn hp X gm axetanehit, axit axetic, nc v etanol d. Cho ton
b X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3 (d), thu c 0,56 lt kh CO2 Khi lng etanol b oxi ho to ra axit l
A. 1,15 gam.
B. 4,60 gam.
C. 2,30 gam.
D. 5,75 gam.
Cu 30: (C A 09) Hiro ho hon ton hn hp M gm hai anehit X v Y no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng (MX < MY), thu c hn hp hai ancol c khi lng ln hn khi lng M l 1 gam. t chy
hon ton M thu c 30,8 gam CO2. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X ln lt l
A. HCHO v 50,56%.
B. CH3CHO v 67,16%.
C. CH3CHO v 49,44%.
D. HCHO v 32,44%.
Cu 31: (H B 09) Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l:
A. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO.
B. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.
C. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
D. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
Cu 32: (H B 09) Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Oxi ho
hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X c khi lng m gam bng CuO nhit thch hp, thu c hn hp sn phm hu

c Y. Cho Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,3.
B. 13,5.
C. 8,1.
D. 8,5.