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Nguyn Th Thanh-D2002VT
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DANH MC HNH V
Hnh 1.1. S khi b ghp SDH tiu chun........................................................................7
Hnh 1.2. Cu trc khung VC-3 (a) v VC-4 (b)......................................................................9
Hnh 1.3. Cu trc khung v a khung VC-n v TU-n mc thp.........................................10
Hnh 1.5. Cu trc khung STM-N..........................................................................................12
Hnh 1.6. Cu trc VC-4 khi sp xp lung 140Mbit/s vo VC-4.........................................13
DANH MC BNG
Nguyn Th Thanh-D2002VT
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THUT NG VIT TT
Nguyn Th Thanh-D2002VT
ii
ADMX
Add/Drop Multiplexer
AIS
Alarm Indication Signal
n tt nghip iAsynchronous
hc
ATM
Transfer Mode
AU
AUG
Administrative Unit
Administrative Unit Group
B xen/r
Tn hiu ch th cnh bo
Phng thc truyn khng ng
b
Khi qun l
Nhm khi qun l
BSHR-2
cHEC
CID
COPA
CRC
CSF
CTRL
Core HEC
Channel Identifier
Connector Panel
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Client Signal Fail
Control word sent from source to
sink
DC
DNU
DVB
DWDM
DXC
Double-Row Subrack
Do Not Use
Digital Video Broadcast
Dense Wavelength Division
Multiplexing
Digital cross-connect
Gi con hng i
Gi con hng n
Qung b hnh nh s
Ghp knh phn chia theo bc
sng mt cao
Kt ni cho s
eHEC
EOS
ESCON
EXI
Extension HEC
End of Sequence
Enterprise Systems Connection
Extension Header Identifier
FC-BBW
FCS
FDDI
FEC
FICON
FRL
GFP
GFP-F
GFP-T
GID
GSM
HW
HDLC
HEC
HO
Th tc ng khung chung
GFP sp xp theo khung
GFP trong sut
Nhn dng nhm
H thng di ng ton cu
Phn cng
iu khin lin kt s liu tc
cao
Kim tra li u
Bc cao
IP
ISDN
Internet Protocol
Integrated Services Digital
Network
BSHR-4
Nguyn Th Thanh-D2002VT
LAPS
LCAS
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Nguyn Th Thanh-D2002VT
iv
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u
Li ni
LI NI U
Cng vi s pht trin ca x hi v nhiu mt, cc ngnh cng nghip
khng ngng pht trin, trong ngnh in t vin thng c mt vai tr c
bit quan trng. Nhu cu s dng ca con ngi ngy cng tng c v s lng
v cht lng: cc dch v a phng tin mi xut hin ngy cng a dng v
yu cu v cht lng dch v ca ngi s dng cng ngy cng cao, kht khe
hn; cc ng dng yu cu bng thng ln, thi gian tng tc nhanh hn.
p ng nhng nhu cu trn cc cng ngh dn c pht trin ..
S ra i ca cng ngh SDH to mt bc ngot trong lnh vc vin
thng . Cng ngh SDH khc phc cc nhc im m cc th h trc khng
p ng c .
Trong khun kh ca ti nghin cu vi mc ch tm hiu cng ngh
mi, ti Trng i Hc Thnh , em chn ti l Nghin cu phn
mo u ca SDH .
Sau y, em xin gii thiu ni dung tm hiu ti gm :
Chng 1 : Tng quan v cng ngh SDH
Chng 2 : Phn mo u ca SDH
Mc d, ht sc c gng nhng cng ngh SDH l mt cng ngh mi,
v do hn ch v kh nng cng nh v thi gian nn bi tiu lun khng th
trnh khi nhng hn ch v thiu st, em rt mong c s ng gp ca cc
thy c v cc bn .
Em xin c gi li cm n chn thnh n cc thy gio, c gio trong
khoa CNKT in T - Vin Thng vin thng v c bit l c Ths.Phm Th
Phng tn tnh hng dn em hon thnh bi tiu lun .
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
CHNG I
TNG QUAN V CNG NGH SDH
1.1. Gii thiu chung
Nh chng ta bit mng vin thng l mt tp hp cc trang thit b k
thut cung cp cc dch v vin thng cho ng s dng. V d: mng in
thoi cung cp dch v in thoi, mng in bo cung cp dch v in bo,
mng truyn s liu cung cp dch v truyn s liu v..v... Nhng do c im
lch s cc mng trn pht trin theo phng tin k thut tng i c lp
nhau. Nh s pht trin ca cng ngh, c bit l cng ngh tin hc, tng v
mng thng tin s a dch v c th phc v y nhu cu ca ngi s dng
ang dn c thc hin.
Trc nm 1970 mng in thoi truyn tn hiu thoi tng t (Analog)
v ghp knh theo tn s (FDM). Trn cc tuyn thng tin c ly di phng tin
truyn dn ch yu dng cp ng trc v vi ba .
u nhng nm 70, cc h thng truyn dn s bt u pht trin. Trn cc
h thng ny ch yu s dng ghp knh theo thi gian vi ng dng ca k
thut iu xung m, phng tin truyn dn dng cp si quang v vi ba s.
Nh k thut iu xung m tn hiu thoi c bng tn s t 0,3 3,4 kHz
c chuyn thnh tn hiu s c tc 64 kbit/s.
Nhng nu truyn ring bit mi knh 64 Kbit/s i xa s rt tn km. V
vy k thut ghp cc tn hiu 64 kbit/s theo k thut ghp knh theo thi gian
thnh cc lung s cp v sau li tin hnh ghp knh c cc lung s
bc cao hn. Cc cp truyn dn theo kiu ghp nh vy gi l cn ng b
(PDH). PDH tng c dung lng truyn dn, nhng vn cn mt s nhc
im nht nh.
Nh s pht trin ca cng ngh vin thng, nht l trong vic tm kim
c mt mi trng truyn dn l tng l cp si quang (c bng tn rt ln,
suy gim nh, khng b xuyn nhiu v..v..), cng ngh SDH ra i p ng
c nhu cu i hi v cht lng thng tin cng nh nhu cu a dch v ca
ngi s dng, ng thi gip cho ngi qun l khai thc mng c thun li
hn nh vic iu khin mng ch yu bng phn mm. H thng phn cp s
ng b SDH to ra mt cuc cch mng trong dch v vin thng, th hin mt
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
155,52 Mbit/s
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
1.2.2. Cc c im ca SDH
u im ca SDH
Cc nhc im ca SDH
PDH
B dao ng ni dao ng t do
Ghp knh khng ng b
C cu trc khung c trng cho
mi cp
Ghp lung theo nguyn l xen bit
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
SDH
Dao ng ni c iu khin ng b
vi ngun ng h ngoi
Ghp knh ng b
Cu trc khung khng ng nht
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
VC-n l mt khi thng tin gm phn ti trng do cc TUG hoc C-n tng
ng cung cp v phn mo u tuyn POH.
POH c s dng xc nh v tr bt u ca VC-n, nh tuyn, qun l
v gim st lung nhnh, m bo cc mc tin cy vn chuyn container t
ngun n ch. Trong trng hp sp xp khng ng b cc lung nhnh vo
VC-n th phi tin hnh chn bit. Tu thuc vo kch c, mt VC c th c
truyn vo STM-1 hoc c chn vo mt VC ln hn a vo khung
STM-1. iu ny to nn s khc bit gia cc VC cp cao (HOVC) v cc VC
cp thp (LOVC). Cc VC cp thp l VC-11, VC-12, VC-2, cc VC cp cao l
VC-3, VC-4.
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
Chc nng ca cc con tr AU-PTR l ghi nhn quan h pha gia khung
STM-1 v VC tng ng, ngoi ra cn c dng hiu chnh khi cn thit.
C hai loi con tr AU-PTR l AU-PTR-4 v AU-PTR-3. V STM-1 truyn ba
VC-3 trong khung STM-1 nn s c 3xAU trong STM-1. Cng c th xen ba
VC-3 vo mt VC-4 ri a vo STM-1 thng qua AU-4.
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
10
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
11
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
13
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
Khung VC-4 gm 261 ct x 9 dng. Khi AU-4 ghp 9 byte con tr AU-4
vo ct 1 n ct 9 thuc dng th 4 ca khung STM-1. Pha ca VC-4 khng c
nh trong AU-4, v tr byte u tin ca VC-4 c ch th trong 10 bit gi tr
con tr AU-4. Tn hiu AU-4 c t trc tip vo AUG. Khi STM-1 ghp
cc byte SOH vo ct 1 n ct 9 thuc cc dng 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ca khung
STM-1.
14
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
270 ct
SOH
STM-1
AU4-PTR
VC-4
SOH
125 s
9 ct
AU-3
261 ct
4 AU4-PTR
VC-4
125 s
261 ct
VC-4
9 dng
P
O
H
9 dng
x7
TUG-2
63xVn
S S S S S S
125 s
12 ctx7+2ct=86 ct
ct
x3
TUG-3
N P I
N P I
N P I
N
P
I
21xVn
S S
125 s
4 ctx3=12ct
VnVnVn
a khung TU-12
9 dng
125 s
x3
4 ct
36 byte
V2
VC-12
V3
VC-12
Vn
TU-12
V1
VC-12
9 dng
125 s
V4
VC-12
500 s
15
Lp: HLT IN T 12 K4
16
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CHNG II
PHN MO U TRONG SDH
2.1. Gii thiu
hiu mng SDH, qun l v vn hnh ta phi tm hiu cu trc phn
lp ch / t, cc chc nng qun l mng hay truyn ti v mo u cng
khc nhau cc lp khc nhau. V c cc lp sau :
on ti sinh ( cn gi l on lp ).
on ghp knh ( cn gi l on ghp ).
Tuyn.
Trong cc phn lp ca SDH c cc phn mo u :
Mo u on ( SOH ) : .Mo u on ti sinh RSOH
Mo u on ghp knh MSOH
Mo u tuyn ( POH ) : LO POH
HO POH
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2.2 Mo u on ( SOH )
2.2.1 Mo u on ti sinh RSOH
Mo u on lp RSOH ( Regenerator Section Overhead ) ch cha cc
thng tin phc v theo yu cu ca cc phn t trn 2 u ca on lp .
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lun
Kt
KT LUN
Vi nhng u im vt tri, vi s tch hp gia cc dch v truyn thng v
cc dch v mi. Cng ngh SDH th h sau m ra trong tng lai mt mng truyn
dn y ha hn. Bng vic tn dng mng SDH hin c, SDH th h sau cho php
cc nh cung cp trin khai cc cng ngh mi ch bng cch thay th cc node bin
ca mng. Sau mt thi gian nghin cu v tm hiu, n gii quyt c mt s
vn sau:
Xu hng pht trin ca mng truyn dn, a ra tng quan v cng
ngh SDH hin c vi cc u nhc im ca n dn ti a ra mng SDH th
h sau.
Cc vn k thut c bn ca cng ngh SDH th h sau t vic
ng gi cc tn hiu ti vic iu khin hot ng ca tuyn.
Cc thit b s dng trong mng SDH th h mi v kh nng s
dng trong mng vin thng Vit Nam c th l thit b SURPASS hiT7070 ca
SIEMENS v ng dng ti H Ni.
Do cng ngh SDH th h sau l mt cng ngh mi. Bn cnh do thi
gian nghin cu v khng c iu kin tm hiu thc t nhiu nn bn n ch
yu mang tnh l thuyt ch cha trnh by c c th y cc c im trin
khai trn thc t. Em rt mong nhn c s ng gp ca thy c v cc bn. Xin
chn thnh cm n!
Sinh vin
Nguyn Th Thanh
Nguyn Th Thanh-D2002VT
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kho
Ti liu tham
(MSSP), 2002.
[11] M. Scholten, et al, Data Transport Applications Using GFP, IEEE
Communications Magazine, May 2002.
[12] D. Cavendish et al, New Transport Services for Next-Generation
SONET/SDH Systems, IEEE Communications Magazine, May 2002.
[13] Thit b SURPASS hiT7070, SIEMENS, 2004.
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