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    An automated guided vehicle system is a material handling system that uses independently operated , self propelled vehicle that are guided along defined pathways on the floor. The vehicles are powered by means of on board batteries that allow operation for several hours (8-16 hrs.) between recharging. Guidance is achieved by using sensors on the vehicles that follow the guide wires. The vehicle is controlled by an off board controller or a micro- processor. This controller sends commands to the vehicle such as identification of load, its destination and other special instructions. An AGV system provides a material handling system i.e. both flexible and readily adaptable to either production or production changes. AGV systems are originally developed for the distribution of material in warehouse environments although this is an imp. use, two major growth areas have been evolved the movement of material to and from production areas in manufacturing facilities, reflecting manufacturing work lifts and use of carriers of work in progress in assembly plants, replacing serial type asynchronous or fixed index assembly conveyor system and small packages, in hospitals to deliver meals, and for material handling. Automated guided vehicles increase efficiency and reduce costs by helping to automate a manufacturing facility or warehouse. The AGV can tow objects behind them in trailers to which they can autonomously attach. The trailers can be used to move raw materials or finished product. The AGV can also store objects on a bed. The objects can be placed on a set of conveyor and then pushed off by reversing them. Some AGVs use fork lifts to lift objects for storage. AGVs are employed in nearly every industry, including, pulp, paper, metals, newspaper, and general manufacturing. Transporting materials such as food, linen or medicine in hospitals is also done. .

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    An automated guided vehicle system is a material handling system that uses independently operated , self propelled vehicle that are guided along defined pathways on the floor. The vehicles are powered by means of on board batteries that allow operation for several hours (8-16 hrs.) between recharging. Guidance is achieved by using sensors on the vehicles that follow the guide wires. The vehicle is controlled by an off board controller or a micro- processor. This controller sends commands to the vehicle such as identification of load, its destination and other special instructions. An AGV system provides a material handling system i.e. both flexible and readily adaptable to either production or production changes. AGV systems are originally developed for the distribution of material in warehouse environments although this is an imp. use, two major growth areas have been evolved the movement of material to and from production areas in manufacturing facilities, reflecting manufacturing work lifts and use of carriers of work in progress in assembly plants, replacing serial type asynchronous or fixed index assembly conveyor system and small packages, in hospitals to deliver meals, and for material handling. Automated guided vehicles increase efficiency and reduce costs by helping to automate a manufacturing facility or warehouse. The AGV can tow objects behind them in trailers to which they can autonomously attach. The trailers can be used to move raw materials or finished product. The AGV can also store objects on a bed. The objects can be placed on a set of conveyor and then pushed off by reversing them. Some AGVs use fork lifts to lift objects for storage. AGVs are employed in nearly every industry, including, pulp, paper, metals, newspaper, and general manufacturing. Transporting materials such as food, linen or medicine in hospitals is also done. .

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    6K views21 pages

    Automated Guided Vehicle System

    Uploaded by

    Nm5793
    An automated guided vehicle system is a material handling system that uses independently operated , self propelled vehicle that are guided along defined pathways on the floor. The vehicles are powered by means of on board batteries that allow operation for several hours (8-16 hrs.) between recharging. Guidance is achieved by using sensors on the vehicles that follow the guide wires. The vehicle is controlled by an off board controller or a micro- processor. This controller sends commands to the vehicle such as identification of load, its destination and other special instructions. An AGV system provides a material handling system i.e. both flexible and readily adaptable to either production or production changes. AGV systems are originally developed for the distribution of material in warehouse environments although this is an imp. use, two major growth areas have been evolved the movement of material to and from production areas in manufacturing facilities, reflecting manufacturing work lifts and use of carriers of work in progress in assembly plants, replacing serial type asynchronous or fixed index assembly conveyor system and small packages, in hospitals to deliver meals, and for material handling. Automated guided vehicles increase efficiency and reduce costs by helping to automate a manufacturing facility or warehouse. The AGV can tow objects behind them in trailers to which they can autonomously attach. The trailers can be used to move raw materials or finished product. The AGV can also store objects on a bed. The objects can be placed on a set of conveyor and then pushed off by reversing them. Some AGVs use fork lifts to lift objects for storage. AGVs are employed in nearly every industry, including, pulp, paper, metals, newspaper, and general manufacturing. Transporting materials such as food, linen or medicine in hospitals is also done. .

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    presentation on Automated guided vehicle system

    AGV?
    AGV

    is a material handling system that uses independently operated, self-propelled vehicles guided along defined pathways

    Driverless

    Vehicle Electric motors, battery powered Programming capabilities


    Destination Path selection Positioning Collision avoidance

    System

    Discipline

    Types of AGVS
    AGVS AGVS AGVS AGVS AGVS AGVS

    towing vehicle unit load carriers pallet trucks forklift trucks light-load transporters assembly-line vehicles

    AGVS Towing Vehicles


    First

    type of AGV introduced. Towing vehicle is called an automated guided tractor Flatbed trailers, pallet trucks, custom trailers can be used. Generally, used for large volumes (>1 tons) and long moving distances (>1000 feet).
    Load Capacity:1tons Vehicle Type:Laser Guided Tugger AGV Products, Inc

    AGVS Unit load Carriers


    To

    transport individual unit load onboard the vehicle. Equipped with powered or non-powered roller, chain or belt deck, or custom deck. Loads can be moved by Pallet truck, forklift truck, automatic loading/unloading equipment, etc.

    Load Capacity3,0 Vehicle Type: Unit Load with variable Height Conveyor

    AGVS Pallet Trucks

    No special device is needed for loading except the loads should be on pallet Limited to floor level loading and unloading with palletized load Widely used in distribution functions Speed > 200ft/min Pallet truck can be loaded either manually or automatically

    AGVS Forklift Trucks

    Ability to pickup and drop palletized load both at floor level and on stands. Pickup and drop off heights can be different Vehicle can position its fork according to load stands with different heights Very expensive Selected where complete automation is necessary/required.

    Vehicle Type: Laser Guided Fork Lift AGV Products, Inc

    Advantages of AGVs
    Unobstructed Flexibility
    Locations,

    movement

    path, P/D points can be reprogrammed Easy to change guide path system Number of vehicles can be altered depending on requirement
    Greater
    Less

    reliability

    environmental problems AGV can be replaced by another, in case of failure.


    Lower

    investment Higher operating savings on long run


    Minimal

    labor cost Easy maintenance

    Modern AGVs
    computer-controlled vehicles with onboard microprocessors

    AGVS Control Systems


    Computer controlled system The path controller controls the guidepath of AGVS. Sends information to AGVS process controller. Process controller directs movement of vehicles Interchanges information with the host computer Most Expensive and complex type of control
    Guided path
    AGV

    Controller for guided path

    AGVS process controller

    Display terminal

    Display terminal

    Host computer

    AGVS Guidance system


    The goal of an AGVS guidance system keep the AGV on track/predefined path The guidance systems can be selected based on the type of AGV selected, its application, requirement and environmental limitation Wire-guided Optical Inertial Infrared Laser Tape guided

    Wired navigation
    The

    wired sensor is placed on bottom of the AGVS and is placed facing the ground. A slot is cut in the ground and a wire is placed approximately 1 inch below the ground. The sensors detects the radio frequency being transmitted from the wire and follows it.

    Guide tape navigation


    The AGVS( some known as automated guided carts or AGCS) use magnetic tape for the guide path. The AGCS is fitted with the appropriate guide sensors to follow the path of the tape. It is considered a passive system since it does not require the guide medium to be energized as wire does.

    The AGVS carrys a laser transmitter and receiver on a rotating turret. The laser is sent off then received again the angle and distances are automatically calculated and stored into AGVS memory. The AGVS has reflector map stored in memory and can correct its position based on errors between the expected and received measurements.

    Laser target navigation

    AGV task allocation


    Collection point (source)

    Destination

    'from' / 'to' order Vehicle knows the street network (layout)


    TAXI

    Current location

    Crossing management

    Collision Avoidance

    ROAD DETECTION
    Road detection based on laser scanner and vision sensor

    Classifies traversible segments and obstacles using laser scanner (area just in front of the robot = 2.5m)
    Front looking camera classifies the road from 2.5 and beyond to estimate the outline of the visible part of the road (seed area based from results of laser scan)

    Traversability

    Problems

    Experts

    Savant Amerden HK FMC Technologies

    JBT Coorporation
    Jervis B. Webb Company Automation Production Group (APG) Corecon FMC Technologies

    Trilogiq
    Egemin Elettric80 Genesis Systems Group KMT Robotic Solutions

    Lantech
    Retrotech Mobile Robots, Inc. Westfalia

    References

    http://www.agvsystems.com/faqs/q5.htm
    http://www.amerden.com/AmerdenWeb/agvinformation.html A Guide to Robotic Logistics LGVs (AGVs). Elettric 80 S.p.A. 26 April 2008 "The Appropriate Application of Automated Guided Vehicles ". HK Systems, Inc. 01 October 2007 http://www.hksystems.com/agv/index.cfm Automation rstedDTU, Technical University of Denmark, DTU-build. 326, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

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