DICTIONARY

O F T H E

ENGLISH LANGUAGE,
VOL I.
 / AV
, r

SAMUEL JOHNSON, L.L.D.

Swtii n fti/H/tn,! '
S/i /,>,, /it/it 'lr/ttit>ft/.i,/ft S/e //K/if/.i/oti />/'/>. /rrt/ti/fif/ (>,/.'
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 DICTIONARY OF
A

THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE:
I .V W HIGH

THE WORDS ARE DEDUCED FROM THEIR ORIGINALS,

AND ILLUSTRATED IN THEIR DIFFERENT SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES" FROM THE BEST WRITERS.

TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED,

A HISTORY 'OF.THE LANGUAGE,

AND

AN ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
BY SAMUEL JOHNSON, LL.D.

IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. I.

THE SIXTH EDITION.

Cum tabulis aniinum cenforis fumet honefti :

Auclebit qua:cunquc parum fplendoris habebunt,

Et fine pondere crunt, ct honore indigna fercntur,
Verba moverc loco; quamvis invita recedant,
Et vcrfentuT adhuc intra penetralia Vcfta; :

Obfcurata diu populo bonus eruet, atque

Proferct in luccm fpectofa vocabula rcrum,

(^i.i- prifcis memorata Catonibus atque Cethsgis

Xunc Atus hiformis preinit et dderta vetuflas. HOR.

LONDON:
Printed for J. F. and C. Rivr:c.Tr,\-, L. DAVIS, T. PAYKE ami Soy, T. LOSGMAX, 15. LAW, J. DOBSLEY,C. DitLY,
\V. Lowiinr.s, G. G. J. an, j. ROBINSON, T. C..DI LI,, Jo. JOHN ON, J. KOBSON,
I ; W. RICHARDSON, J.NICHOLS,
R. BALDWIN, W. GOLDSMITH, J. MURRAY, W. STUART, P. KLMSLY, W. Fox, S. HA.YES, D. OCILVIE,
\V. l;. t.
I, T. Slid J. E'itRTON, J. Puil.I.ll':,. ;,:nl M. NiWE

M.DCC.LXX-.W
 R E F A C E.

is who toil at the lower employments of life, to be rather driven by the fear of
the fate of thofe
than attracted by the profpect of good; to be expofed to cenfure, without hope of praife; to be
IT evil,

difgraced by mifcarriage, or punifhed for neglect, where fuccefs would have been without applaufe,
and diligence without reward.

Among thefe unhappy mortals is the writer of dictionaries ; whom mankind have confidered, not as the
pupil, but the flave of fcience, the pioneer of literature, doomed only to remove rubbifli and clear ob-
ftructions from the paths through which Learning and Genius prefs forward to conqueft and glory, without

beftowing a fmile on the humble drudge that facilitates their progrefs. Every other author may toafpire
praife; the lexicographer can only hope to efcape reproach, and even this negative recompenfe has been yet
granted to very few.
I have, notwithftanding this
difcouragement, attempted a Dictionary of the Engli/h language, which,
while it was employed in the cultivation of every
fpecies of literature, has itfelf been hitherto neglected -,

fuffered to fpread, under the direction of chance, into wild exuberance ;

refigned to the tyranny of time
and fafhion; and expofed to the corruptions of ignorance, and caprices of innovation.
When took the firft furvey of my undertaking, I found our fpeech copious without order, and
I

energetick without rules: wherever I turned my view, there was

perplexity to be difentangled, and con-
fufion to be regulated; choice was to be made out of boundlefs
variety, without any eftablifhed principle
of felection ; adulterations were to be detected, without a fettled teft of
purity ; and modes of expreflion
to be rejected or received, without the of of
fuffrages any writers claflical reputation or acknowledged
authority.

Having therefore no afTiftance but from general grammar, I applied myfelf to the perufal of our writers ;
and noting whatever might be of ufe to afcertain or illuftrate any word or phrafe, accumulated in time the
materials of a dictionary, which, by degrees, I reduced to method,
eftablifhing to myfelf, in the progrefs
of the work, fuch rules as experience and analogy fuggefted to me experience, which practice and ob-
;

fervation were continually

increafing; and analogy, which, though in feme words obfcure, was evident in
others.

In adjufting the ORTHOGRAPHY, which has been to this time unfettled and fortuitous, I found it necef-
fary to diftinguilh thofe irregularities that are inherent in our tongue, and perhaps coeval with it, from
others.which the ignorance or negligence of later writers has produced. has its anomalies,
Every language
which, though inconvenient, and in themfelves once unneceffary, muft be tolerated among the imperfec-
tions of human things, and which require only to be
regiflered, that they may not be increafed, and afcer-
tained, that they may not be confounded: but every language has likewife its improprieties and abfurdities,
which it is the duty of the lexicographer to correct or proscribe.
As language was at its beginning merely oral, all words of neceflary or common ufe were fpoken be-
fore they were written ; and while they were unfixed
by any vifible figns, muft have been fpoken with
great diverfity, as we now obferve thofe who cannot read to catch founds imperfectly, and utter them
negligently. When
this wild and barbarous
jargon was firft reduced to an alphabet, every penman endea-
voured to exprefs, as he could, the founds which he was accuftomed to pronounceor to receive, and vi-
tiated in writing fuch words as were
already vitiated in fpeech. The powers of the letters, when they
were applied to a new language, muft have been and and therefore different hands would
vague unfettled,
exhibit the fame found by different combinations,

7 From
 From
PREFACE.
pronunciation arife in a great part
this uncertain the various
dialects
of the fame country, which
>fcrved to grow fewer, and lefs different, as books are multiplied and from this arbitrary
;

that of obfervable in the Saxon remains,

rc'irrfv-nt.uion of founds by letters, proceeds divcrfity fpelling
and I fuppofc in the firft books of every nation, which perplexes or deftroys analogy, and produces ano-
once can never be afterwards difmified or reformed.
nulous formations, that, being incorporated,
from
Of this kind are the derivatives length from long, Jirngtb from ftrong, darling from dear, breadth
JiW, from dry, drought, and from high, height,
de una
which Milton, in zeal for analogy, writes
? to change all would be too much, and to change one is
%M ;

t\empia jnvat Jpinis plttribus

nothing.
is modfrequent in the Vowels, which
are fo capriciou fly pronounced, and fo differ-
but in every mouth, that to
ent by accident or affectation, not only in every province,
tlu .veil known to etymologifts, little regard is to be fhewn in the deduction of one language from
icr.

Such defects arc not crrours in orthography, but fpots of barbarity imprefied fo deep in the Englijh
language, that criticifm can never wafh them away thefe, therefore, muft be permitted to remain un-
:

hcd ; but many words have likcwife been altered by accident, or depraved by ignorance, as the pro-
.on of the vulgar has been followed ; and fome ftill continue to be varioufly written, as
weakly
authors differ in their care or fkill : of thefe it was proper to enquire the true orthography, which 1 have
referred them to their original lan-
always confidered as depending on their derivation, and have therefore
after the and incantation after the Latin thus
guages : thus I write enchant, enchantment, enchanter, French, ;

e is chofcn rather than intire, becaufe it to us not from die Latin integer,
buc from the French
paffcxl
tntur.

Of many words whether they were immediately received from the Latin or the
it is difficult to fay

French, fince at the time wjien we had dominions in France, we had Latin fervice in our churches. It is,

however, my opinion, that the Frejtcb generally fupplied us; for we hav<f few Latin words, among the
terms of domeftick ufe, which are not French; but many French, which are very remote from Latin.

Even in words of -which the derivation is apparent, I have been often obliged to facrifice uniformity to
cuflom ; thus I write, in compliance v.-ith a numberlefs majority, convey and inveigh, deceit and receipt,
as explain and explanation, repeat
fancy and phantom ; fometimes the derivative varies from the primitive,
ar.d repetition.

Some combinations of letters having the fame power, are ufed indifferently without any difcoverable
on of choice, as in cboak, choke-, Joap,fope; fewel, fuel, and many others; which I have fometimes in-
ice, that thofe who fearch for them under either form, may not fearch in vain.
In examining the orthography of any doubtful word, the mode of fpelling by which it is infmed in the
ferics of the dictionary, is to be confidered as that to which give, perhaps not often rafhly, the prefer-
I

ence. I have left, in the

examples, to every author his own practice unmolefted, that the reader may
ir.ce fuffr.it-s, and
judge between us but this queftion is not
:
always to be determined by reputed or
fome men, intent upon greater things, have thought little on founds and derivations;
;

n the ancient tongues, h . ''ted thofe in which our words are commonly to be fought.
-
feajiblenefs, becaufe
I
fuppofe he imagined it derived immediately
.1 the Lai in ; and fonie words, fuch as dependant, dependent; dependance, >:ce, van.' their final
.;blc, as one or another language is prcfent to the writer.

In this part of the work, where caprice has long wantoned without controul, and vanity fought praife
umation, I h.ivr endeavoured to proceed with a Ichol
. rent e for
antiquity, and a gram-
ian's rrg.ml to the genius of our tongue. I have attempted few alterations, and
.

among thofe few,

is from the modern to the ancient pr.irtice; and I
taps the greater part hope I
may be allowed to re-
vhofe thoughts have been perhaps employed too anxioufly OB verbal fingulai itics, not
narrow views, or for minute propriety, the orthography of their fathers.
n It has been
afT' t hw to be kntnsii, is of more importance than to be right. Change, 1'ivs Hooker, is
for the
ithout inconvenience, even from worfe to better.
.
There is in conftancy and liability a general
'ing advantage, which will always overbalance the fiow improvements of gradual correction.
$ Much
 PREFACE.
Much lefs ought our written language to comply with the corruptions of oral utterance, or copy that
which every variation of time or place makes different from itfelf, and imitate thofe changes, which will
again be changed, while imitation is employed in obferving them.

This recommendation of fteadinefs and uniformity does not proceed from an opinion, that particular
combinations of letters have much influence on human happinefs ; or that truth may not be iuccefsfully

taught by modes of fpelling fanciful and erroneous I am not yet fo loft in lexicography, as to forget that
:

wcrds are (be <hiughters of earth, and that things are the Jens of heaven. Language is only the inftrument
of fcience, and words are but the figns of ideas I wifh, however, that the inftrument might be lefs apt to
:

decay, and that figns might be permanent, like the things which they denote.
In fettling the orthography, I have not wholly neglected the pronunciation, which I have directed,
by printing an accent upon the acute or elevated fyllable. It will fometimes be found, that the accent
is
placed by the author quoted, on a different fyllable from that marked in the alphabetical feries ; it is
then to be underftood, that cuftom has varied, or that the author has, in my opinion, pronounced wrong.
Short directions are fometimes given where the found of letters is irregular and if they are fometimes
;

oiniued, defect in fuch minute obfervations will be more eafily excufed, than fuperftuity.

In the inveftigation both of the orthography and fignifkation of words, their ETYMOLOGY was necef-
farily to be considered, and they were therefore to be divided_ into primitives and derivatives. pri- A
mitive word, is that which can be traced no further to any Englijh root ; thus circumfpeff, circumvent, cir-
cumftance, delude, concave, and complicate, though compounds in the Latin, are to us primitives. Deri-
vatives are all thofe that can be referred to
any word in Englijh of greater fimplicity.

The derivatives I have referred to their primitives, with an accuracy fometimes needleis ; for who does
not fee that remotenefs comes from remote, lovely from love, concavity from concave, and demonftrative from
demon/bate ? but this grammatical exuberance the fcheme of my work did not allow me to reprefs. It is
of great importance, in examining the general fabrick of a language, to trace one word from another, by
noting the ufual modes of derivation and inflection ; and uniformity muft be preferved in fyftemaucal
works, though fometimes at the expence of particular propriety.

Among other derivatives I have been careful to infert and elucidate the anomalous plurals of nouns and
preterites of verbs, which in the Teutonick dialects are very frequent, and, though familiar to thofe who
have always ufed them, interrupt and embarrafs the learners of our language.
The two languages from which our primitives have been derived are the Roman and Teutonick : under
the Roman comprehend the French and provincial tongues ; and under the Teutonick range the Saxon y
I

German, and all their kindred dialects. Moft of our polyfyllables are Roman, and our words of one fyl-
lable arc very often Teutonick.

In aligning the Roman original, it has perhaps fometimes happened that I have mentioned only the
, when the word was borrowed from the French; and confidering myfelf as employed only in the
illuftration of my own language, I have not been very fcareful'to obferve whether the Latin word be pure
.irbarous, or the French elegant or obfolete.

For the Teutonick etymologies I am commonly indebted to Junius and Skinner, the only names which I
have forborn to quote when I copied their books not that I might appropriate their labours or ufurp their
;

honours, but that I might fpare a general repetition by one general acknowledgment. Of thefe, whom I
ought not to mention bur with the reverence clue to inftructors and benefactors, Junius appears to have
excelled in extent of learning, and Skinner in rectitude of underftanding. Junius was accurately {killed in
all the northern
languages, Skinner probably examined the ancient and remoter dialects only by occafional
infpection into dictionaries but the learning of Junius is often of no other ufe than to fhow him a track by
;

which he may deviate from his purpofe, to which Skinner always prefies forward by the fhorteft way.
Skinner is often ignorant, but never ridiculous Junius is always full of knowledge; but his variety diftraifls
:

his
judgment, and his learning is very frequently difgraced by his abfurdities.
The votaries of the northern mufes perhaps eafily reftrain their indignation, when they find the
will not
name of Junius thus degraded by comparifon but whatever reverence is due to his di-
a difaLivantageous ;

ligence, or his attainments, it can be no criminal degree of cenlbrioufnefs to charge that etymologift with
want of judgment, who can ferioufly derive dream from drama, becaufe life is a drama, and a drama is a
dream ;
dream ;
REFACE.
and who declares with a tone of defiance, that no man can fail to derive moan from /*<W, manor,
Jingle or Jolitary,
who confiders that grief naturally loves to be alone

Our knowledge of the northern literature is fo fcanty, that of words undoubtedly Teiitonick, the original is
not always to be found in any ancient language ; and I have therefore inferted Dutch or German fubftitutes,
which I confider not as radical, but parallel, not as the parents, but fifters of die Englifo.
The words which are reprefented as thus related by defcent or cognation, do not always agree in fenfe;
for it is incident to words, as to their authors, to degenerate from their anceftors, and to change their manners
when change
they their country. It is fufficient, in etymological enquiries, if the fenfes of kindred words
be found fuch as may eafily pafs into each other, or fuch as may both be referred to one general idea.

The etymology, yet known, was eafily found in the volumes where it is particularly and
fo far as
it is

profeffedly delivered ; and, by proper attention to the rules of derivation, the orthography was foon ad-
jufted. But to COLLECT the WORDS of our language was a tafk of greater difficulty : the deficiency of
dictionaries was immediately apparent ; and when they were exhaufted, what was yet wanting muft be
fought by unguided excurfions into books, and gleaned as induftry fhould find, or chance
fortuitous and
ihould offer it, in the boundlcfs chaos of a living fpeech. My fearch, however, has bten either fkilful or
lucky j for I have much augmented the vocabulary.
As my defign was a dictionary, common or appellative, I have omitted all words which have relation to
proper names; fuch as Arian, Socinian, Cafoinift, BenediEline, Mahometan; but have retained thofe of at
more general nature, as Heathen, Pagan.
Of the terms of art I have received fuch as could be found books of fcience or technical dic-
either in
tionaries j and have often inferted, from philofophical writers, words which are fupported perhaps only by
a fingle authority, and which being not admitted into general ufe, ftand yet as candidates or probationers,
and muft depend for their adoption on the fuffrage of futurity.
The words which our authors have introduced by their knowledge of foreign languages, or ignorance
of their own, by vanity or wantonnefs, by compliance with fafhion or luft of innovation, I have regiftered
as they occurred, though commonly only to cenfure them, and warn others againft the folly of naturalizing
ufelefs foreigners to the injury of the natives.

I have not rejected any by defign, merely becaufe they were unneceflary or exuberant ; but have re-
ceived thofe which by different writers have been differently formed, as vifcid, and vifcidity, vifcous, and
'vifcf/ity.

Compounded or double words I have feldom noted, except when they obtain a fignification different
from that which the components have in their fimple flate. Thus highwayman, woodman, and Iforfecourfer,
require an explanation ; but of thieflike or coachdriver no notice was needed, becaufe the primitives contain
the meaning of the compounds.

Words arbitrarily formed by a conftant and fettled analogy, like diminutive adjectives in i/h, as greenijk*
bluifh; adverbs in ly, as dully, openly, fubfb.utives in nefs, as vilenejs, faultinefs ; were lefs diligently fought,
anil fometimes have been omitted, when I had no authority that invited to infert them ; not that they me
That " Inve-
I may not
appear to have fpoken too irreverently of ubi antique fcriptum.invenimus ^emoeteb hrt emeti5.

Junius, I have here fubjoined a few fpecimcns of his etyinolo- " nit earn vacantem."
-

gical extravagance. Hl L L> man ^ {olli ^ A _ s _ h lL vider ; poteft ab fc jfl-um

Q^J
BANISH, religare, ex banna vel territcrio exigere, in exil'uim ex xeVi'i) vel xoXwvo?. Collis, tumulus, locus in piano editior.
Agere. G. bannir. It. bandire, bande^giare. H. bandir. B. ban- Horn. II. b. v. 811. JV' Si TI? Tfowo^oiSi wo?i!o{ oumTa. x-jXin;.
ncn. JEvi medii fcriptores bannire dicebant. V.
Spclm. in Ban- Ubi authori brevium fcholiorum xohvrn exp. TOTTO; u; o4/o{ in*u,
num & in Banleuga. Quoniam vcro regionum urbiumq; limites ytu\^<>^ i^<>x'! -
:is
plerurn.i; raontibus, altis fluminibus, longis deniq; Qcx-
NAP> ta take a aafi D orm re i , conttormifcere. Cym. heppian.
fq; anguftiffimarum viarum amfmfubus mcludebantur, fieri A- videri potcft di-iumptiim ex
hmites tan dici ab eo quod Bamir.. &
S- hna;ppan. Quod poftremum
B^.aTjai ^-^ obfcuritas, teuebra: : nihil enim ieque folet conciliare
tradit Hefychu,.,,
i vocabkntur .' *^i v

omnunl) quim caliginofa profunds nodis obfcuritas.

j-

p* ^St/Tix.V V oo, "ohhquaj acminimc in reilum tendcntes vire." _ ,. r c , , ,,. A c ,

Ac fortafle quoque hue facit quod Bi,, eodem Hdychio tefte,

STAMMERER, Balbus Wsfus. Goth S S. rra-
me n. I^amup. D. ftam. B. ftamder. Su. ftamrna. r ftamr. Sunt
dicebant tp,
_ r~r&,
.
montcs arduos.
a ruu.uhit'r vcl rw/^v^it, nimu loquacitate alios orrer.ai.-rc quod ;

^
b tMpry,
emtie.^ara^, i,a,,n. A. S. JS.iKV.-f.. Nefcio an fmt
vel ipM*. Vomo, evomo, vomitu evacuo. Videtur intcvim

etyraologiam hanc non obfcure .'iinjareeodex Rufli. Mat, xii. 22.

i

^
mpe dite loquenrcs libentiflime garrire foleant ; vel (juoJ alib
feniper yideantur, etiam parciffime loquentcs.

are
 PREFACE.
arc not genuine and regular offsprings of Englijh roots, but becaufe their relation to the primitive being
always the fame, their fignification cannot be miftaken.
The verbal nouns in ing, fuch as th keeping of the cajlle, the leading of the army, are always neglected,
or placed only to illuftrate the fenfe of the verb, except when they fignify things as well as actions, and
have therefore a plural number, as d-welling, living 5 or have an abfolute and abftract fignification, as colour-
ing, painting, learning.

The participles are likewife omitted, unlefs, by fignifying

rather habit or quality than action, they take
the nature of adjectives ; as a.-
thinking man, a man of prudence ; a pacing horfe, a horfe that can pace: thefe
I have ventured to call participial adjetthef. But neither are thefe always inferted, becaufe they are com-
monly to be understood, without any danger of miftake, by confulting the verb.

Obfolete words are admitted, when they are found in authors not obfolete, or when they have any force
or beauty that may deferve revival.

As compofition one of the chief characterifticks of a language, I have endeavoured to make fbme
is

reparation for the my predecefibrs, by inferting great numbers of compounded-

univerfal negligence of
words, as may be found under after, fore, new, night, fair, and many more. Thefe, numerous as they
are, might be multiplied, but that ufe anfl curiofity are here fatisfied, and the frame of our language and
modes of our combination amply difcovered.
Of fome forms of compofition, fuch as that by which re is prefixed to note repetition, and * to fignify
contrariety or privation, all the examples cannot be accumulated, becaufe the ufe of thefe particles, if not
wholly arbitrary, is fo little limited, that they are hourly affixed to new words as occafion requires, or is
imagined to require them.
There is another kind of compofition more frequent in our language than perhaps in any other, from
which ariies to foreigners the greateft difficulty. We modify the fignification of many words by a particle
fubjoined ;as to come off, to eicape by a fetch ; to fall on, to attack j to fall off, to apoflatize to break
-,

off,
to flop abruptly; to bear out, to julbfy; to fall in, to comply ; to give over, to ceafej to Jet off, to
embellifh to Jet in, to begin a continual tenour ; to Jet nut, to begin a courfe or journey; to lake off, t<5
;

copy ; with innumerable exprefiions of the fame kind, of which fome appear widely irregular, being fo
far diftant from the fenfe of the fimple words, that no fagacity will be able to trace the fteps by which

they arrived at the prefent ufe. Thefe I have noted with great care; and though I cannot flatter myfelf
that the collection is complete, I believe I have fb far aflifted the ftudents of our language, that this kind
of phrafeology will be no longer infuperable ; and the combinations of verbs and particles, by chance
omitted, will be eafily explained by comparifon with thofe that may be found,

Many words yet ftand fupported only by the name of Bailey, ^in/worth, Philips, or the contracted ZX'<#.
for Dictionaries fubjoined of thefe I am not always certain that they are read in any book but the works
;

of lexicographers. Of fuch I have omitted many, becaufe I had never-read them ; and many I have in-
'

ferted, becaufe they may perhaps exift, though they have efcaped my notice they are, however, to be
:

yet confidered as rcfting only upon the credit of former dictionaries. Others, which I confidefed as ufeful,
or know to be proper, though I could not at prefent fupport them by authorities, I have funwed to ftand
upon my own atrcfration, claiming the fame privilege with my predecefibrs, of being fometimes credited
without proof.

The words, thus fclected and difpofcd, are grammatically confidered they are referred to the different
;

parts of fpeech traced, when they are irregularly inflected, through their various terminations-; and il-
;

luftratcd by obfervations, not indeed of great or frriking importance,

feparately confidered, but necefiary
to the elucidation of our language, and hitherto neglected or forgotten by Englijh grammarians.

That part of my work on which I expect malignity mofl frequently to faften, is the Explanation in -,

which I cannot hope to fatisfy thofe, who are perhaps not inclined to be pleafed, fince I have not always
been able to fatisfy myfelf. To interpret a language by itfelf is very difficult ; many words cannot be
becaufe the idea fignified by them has not more than one
explained by fynonimes, appellation ; nor by
paraphrafe, becaufe fimple ideas cannot be defcrib'ed. When the nature of things is unknown, or the
notion unfcttled and indefinite, and various in various minds, the words by which fuch notions are con-
veyed, or fuch things denoted, will be ambiguous and perplexed. And fuch is the fate of haplefs lexico-
.graphy, that not only darknefs, but light, impedes and diftrefies it;
things may be not only too little, but
VOL. I. b tqo
too much known,
PREFACE. To explain, requires the ufe of terms lefs abftrufe than tlut
to be happily illultrated.
which is ami fuch terms cannot always be found ; for as nothing can be proved but the
to be explained,

fuppofing fomething intuitively known, and evident without proof, fo nothing can be defined but by die
ufc of words too plain to admit a definition.

Other words there are, of which the fenfe is too fubtle and evanefcent to be fixed in a paraphrafe ; fuch
all thofe which are by the
are grammarians termed expletives, and, in dead languages, are fuffered to pafs
for empty founds, of no other ufe than to fill a verfe, or to modulate a period, but which are
eafily per-
ceived in living tongues to have power and emphafis, though it be fometimes fuch as no other form of
expreflion can convey.

My labour has likewife been much incrcafed by a of verbs too frequent in the Englijb language,
clafs
of which the fignification is fo loofe and general, the ufe vague and indeterminate, and the fenfes de-
fo
torted fo widely from the firft idea, that it is hard to tract them through the maze of variation, to catch
them on the brink of utter inanity, to circumfcribe them by any limitations, or interpret them by any
words of diftinct and fettled
meaning; fuch are bear, break, come, caft,full, get, give, do, put, Jet, go, run, make,
take, turn, throw. If of thefe the whole power is not accurately delivered, it muft be remembered,
that while our language is yet living, and variable by the caprice of every one that fpeaks it, thefe words
are hourly fhifting their relations, and can no more be afcertained in a dictionary, than a grove, in die agi-
tation of a ftorm, can be accurately delineated from its pifture in the water.

The among all nations applied with fo great latitude, that they are not eafily reducible under
particles are
any regular fcheme of explication this difficulty is not lefs, nor perhaps greater, in Englijh, than in other
:

languages. I have laboured them with diligence, I hope with fuccefs ; fuch at leaft as can be expected in
a taflc, which no man, however learned or fagacious, has yet been able to perform.

Some words there are which I cannot explain, becaufe I do not underftand them ; thefe might have
been omitted very often with little inconvenience, but I would not fo far indulge my vanity as to decline
this confeffion for when Tully owns himfelf ignorant whether leffus, in the twelve tables, means a funeral
:

fong, or mourning garment ; and Arijlatle doubts whether ou^ ju;, in the Iliad, fignifies a mule, or muleteert
I may furely, without fhame, leave fome obfcurities to happier induftry, or future information.

The rigour of interpretative lexicography requires that tbe explanation, and the word explained, Jhould be
tlways reciprocal diis I have always endeavoured, but could not always attain.
-, Words are feldom ex-
actly fynonimous; a new term was not introduced, but becaufe the former was thought inadequate:
names, therefore, have often many ideas, but few ideas have many names. It was then neceffary to ufe
the proximate word, for the deficiency of fingle terms can very feldom be fupplied by circumlocution ;
nor is the inconvenience great of fuch mutilaced interpretations, becaufe the fenfe may eafily be collected
entire from the examples.
In every word of extenfive ufe, it was requifite to mark the progrefs of its meaning, and {how by what
gradations of intermediate fenfe it has pafled from its primitive to its remote and accidental fignification ;
fo that every foregoing explanation fhould tend to that which follows, and die feries be regularly concate-
nated from thc~firit notion to tbe laft.

This is fpecious, but not always practicable ; kindred fenfes may be fo interwoven, that the perplexity
cannot be difentangled, nor any reafon be alTigned why one fhould be ranged before the other. When the
radical idea branches out into parallel ramifications, how can a confecutive feries be formed of fenfes in
the ir nature collateral ? The fhades of meaning fometimes pafs imperceptibly into each other ; fo that
though on one fide they apparently xlifier, yet it is impoflible to mark the point of contact. Ideas of the
fame race, though not exactly alike, are fometimes fo little different, that no words can exprefs the difllmi-
litude, though the mind eafily perceives it, when they are exhibited together and fometimes there is fuch
;

a confufion of acceptations, that difcernment is wearied, and diflinction puzzled, and perfeverance herfelf
hurries to an end, by crowding together what flie cannot feparate.

Thefe complaints of difficulty will, by thofe that have never confidcred words beyond their popular ufe,
be thought only the jargon of a man willing to magnify his labours, and procure veneration to his fhidies
by involution and obfcurity. But every art is obfcure to thofe that have not learned it this uncertainty of
:

terms, and commixture of ideas, is well known to diofe who have joined philofophy with grammar; and if
I have
I
PREFACE.
have not exprefled them very clearly, it muft be remembered that I am fpeaking of that which words are
infufficient to explain.

The original fenfe of words is often driven

out of ufe by theif metaphorical acceptations, yet muft be
inferted for the fake of a regular origination. Thus I know not whether ardour is ufed for material heat,
or whether flagrant, in Englijh, ever fignifies the fame with burning ; yet fuch are the primitive ideas of thefe
words, which are therefore fet firft, though without examples, that the figurative fenfes may be commo-
dioufly deduced.
Such the exuberance of fignifkation which many words have obtained, that jt was fcarccly poifible to
is

collect all their ft-nfes ; fometimes the meaning of derivatives muft be fought in the mother term, and
fometimes deficient explanations of the primitive may be fupplied in the train of derivation. In any cafe
of doubt or difficulty, it will be always proper to examine all the words of the fame race ; for fome words
are flightly pafled over to avoid repetition, fome admitted eafier and clearer explanation than others, and all

will be better underftood, as they are confidered in greater variety of ftructures and relations.

All the interpretatipns of words are not written with the fame flcill, or the fame happinefs : things equally
eafy in themfelves, are not all equally eafy to any fingle mind. Every writer of a long work commits
errours, where there appears neither ambiguity to miflead, nor obfcurity to confound him ; and in a fearch
like this, many felicities of exprefiion will be cafually overlooked, many convenient parallels will be

forgotten, and many particulars will admit improvement from a mind utterly-unequal to the whole
performance.
But many feeming faults are to be imputed rather to the nature of the undertaking, than the negligence
of the performer. Thus fome explanations are unavoidably reciprocal or circular, as hind, the female of
the flag; Jlag, the male of the hind: fometimes eafier words are changed into harder, as burial into fepul-
ture or interment, drier into deftccative, drynefs into Jiccity or aridity, fit into paroxyfm for the eafieft word, ;

whatever it be, can never be tranflated into one more eafy. But eafinefs and difficulty are merely relative,
and if the prefent prevalence of our language fhould invite foreigners to this dictionary, many will be af-
fifted by thofe worde which now feem only to increafe or produce obfcurity. For this reafon I have en-
deavoured frequently to join a Teutonick and Roman interpretation, as to CHEER, to gladden, or exhilarate,
that every learner of Englijh may be affifted by his own tongue.

The folution of all difficulties, and the fupply of all defects, muft be fought in the examples, fubjoined
to the various fenfes of each word, and ranged according to the time of their authors.

When I firft collected thefe was defirous that every quotation ftiould be ufeful to fome
authorities, I

other end than the illuftration of a word therefore extracted from philofophers principles of fcience ;
; I
from hiftorians remarkable facts ; from chymifts complete procefies from divines ftriking exhortations ;
;

and from poets beautiful defcriptions. Such is defign, while it is yet at a diftance from execution*
When the time called upon me to range this accumulation of elegance and wifdom into an alphabetical
feries, 1 foon difcovered that the bulk of my volumes would fright away the ftudent, and was forced to

depart from my fcheme of including all that was pkafing or ufeful in Englijh literature, and reduce my
trar.\cripts very often to clufters of words, in which fcarcely any meaning is retained ; thus to the wearinefs
of copying, I was condemned to add the vexation of expunging. Some pafTuges I have yet fpared, which
may relieve the labour of verbal fearches, and interfperfe with verdure and flowers the dufty defarts of
barren philology.

The examples, thus mutilated, are no longer to be confidered as conveying the fentiments or doctrine
of their authors ;word for the fake of which they are inferted, with all its appendant claufes, has been
the
carefully preferved ; but it may fometimes happen, by hafty detruncation, that the general tendency of
the fentence may be changed the divine may defert his tenets, oj: the philofopher his Tyilem.
:

Some of the examples have been taken from writers who were never mentioned as matters of elegance
or models of llyle but words muft be fought where they are ufcd
; and in what pages, eminent for purity,
;

can terms of manufacture or agriculture be found? Many quotations ferve no other purpofe, than that
of proving the bare exiftence of words, and are therefore felected with leis fcrupulouihefs than thofe which
arc to teach their ftructures and relations.

My purpofe was to admit no teftimony of living authors, that I might not be mifled by partiality, and
that none of my contemporaries might have reafon to complain nor have I departed from this refolution,
;

i> 2 but
 PREFACE.
but when fome performance of uncommon excellence excited my veneration, when my Ytiemofy fuppliecf
me, from late books, with an example that was wanting, or -when my heart, in the tendernefs of friendfhip,
folicited admiffion for a favourite name.

So far been from any care to grace my pages with modern decorations, that I have ftudioufly en-
have I

deavoured to collect examples and authorities from die writers before the reftoration, whofe works I re-
gard as the wells of Englifi undefiled, as the pure fources of genuine diction. Our language,
for almoft
a century, has, by the concurrence of many caufes, been gradually departing from its
original Teutonick
jcharacter, and deviating towards a Callick ftructure and phrafeology, from which it
ought to be our en-
deavour to recal it, by making our ancient volumes the ground-work of ftyle, admitting among the ad-
ditions of later times, only fuch as may fupply real deficiencies, fuch as are readily adopted by the genius
of our tongue, and incorporate eafily with our native idioms.
But of rudenefs antecedent to perfection, as well as of falfe refinement and
as every language has a time
declenfion, have been cautious left my zeal for antiquity might drive me into times too remote, and
I

crowd my book with words now no longer underftood. I have fixed Sidney's work for the boundary, be-
yond which Imake few excurfions. From the
authors which rofe in the time of Elizabeth, a fpeech might
be formed adequate to all th& purpofes of ufe and elegance. If the language of theology were extracted
from Hooker and the tranflation of the Bible ; the terms of natural knowledge from Bacon , the phrafes of
fx>licy, war, and navigation from Raleigh ;
the dialect of poetry and fiction from Sfenfer and Sidney ; and
the diction of common life from Sbakejpeafe, few ideas would be loft to mankind, for want of EngKJh words,
in which they might be exprefled.

It not fufficient that a word is found, unlefs it be fo combined as that its meaning is apparently deter-
is

rtnined tract and tenour of the fentence ; fuch paflages I have therefore chofen, and when it happened
by the
rhat any author gave a definition of a term, or fuch an explanation as is equivalent to a definition, I have
placed his authority as a fupplement to my own, without regard to the chronological order, that is other-
wife obferved.

Some words, indeed, ftand unfupported by any audiority, but they are commonly derivative nouns, or
adverbs, formed from their primitives by regular and conftant analogy, or names of things feldom occur-
ring in books, or words of which I have reafon to doubt the exiftence.
There is more danger of cenfure from the multiplicity than paucity of examples ; authorities will
fometimes feem to have been accumulated without neceffity or ufe, and perhaps fome will be found, which
might, without lofs, have been omitted. But a work of this kind is not haftily to be charged with
fuperfluities : thofe quotations, which to carelefs or unfkilful perufers appear only to repeat the fame
fenfe, will often exhibit, to a more accurate examiner, diverfities of fignification, or, at leaft, afford different
lhades of the fame meaning: one will fliew the word applied to perfons, another to things; one will ex-
prefs an ill, another a good, and a third a neutral fenfe ; one will prove the exprefTion genuine from an
ancient author ; another will fhew it elegant from a modern a doubtful authority is corroborated by
:

another of more credit ; an ambiguous fentence is afcertained by a paffage clear and determinate ; the
word, how often foever repeated, appears with new afTociates and in different combinations, and every quo-
tation contributes Ibmething to the (lability or enlargement of the
language.
When words are ufed equivocally, I receive them in either fenfe ; when they are metaphorical, I adopt
them in their primitive acceptation.

Ihare fometimes, though rarely, yielded to the temptation of exhibiting a genealogy of fentiments, by
(hewing how one author copied the thoughts and diction of another: fuch quotations are indeed little more
than repetitions, which might juftly be ceniured, did they not gratify the mind, by affording a kind of in-
tellectual hiftory.

The various fyntactical ftructures

occurring in the examples have been carefully noted 5 the licence or
negligence with which many words have been hitherto ufed, has made our ftyle capricious and indeter-
minate ; when the different combinations of the fame word are exhibited together, the preference is
readily
given to propriety, and I have often endeavoured to direct the choice.
Thus have I laboured by fettling the orthography, difplaying the analogy, regulating the ftructures, and
afceruining the fignification of Mnglijb words, to perform all the parts of a faithful lexicographer : but I
hav
4
 have not Always executed
PREFACE.
my own fcheme, or fatisfied my own
expectations. The work, whatever proofs
of diligence and attention may exhibit,
it is
yet capable of many improvements: the orthography which
I recommend is ftill controvertible, the etymology which I adopt is uncertain, and perhaps frequently er-
roneous > the explanations are fometimes too much contracted, and fometimes too much diffufed, the
are diftinguiftied rather with fubtilty than fkill, and the attention is harafied with unneceflary
fignifications
minutenefs.

The examples are too often injudicioufly truncated, and perhaps fometimes, I hope very rarely, alleged
in a miftaken fenfe ; for in making this collection I trufted more to memory, than, in a ftate of difquiet and
embarraffment, can contain, and purpofed to fupply at the review what was left incomplete in the
memory
firft tranfcription.

Many terms appropriated to particular occupations, though neceflary and fignificant, are undoubtedly
omitted , and of the words moft ftudioufly confidered and exemplified, many fenfes have efcaped ob-
fervation.

Yet thefe however frequent, may admit extenuation and apology. To have attempted
failures,
much always laudable, even when the enterprize is above the ftrength that
is undertakes it To reft :

below his own aim is incident to every one whofe fancy is active, and whofe views are comprehenfive ;
nor is any man fatisfied with himfelf becaufe he has done much, but becaufe he can conceive little.
When firft I engaged in this work, I refolved to leave neither words nor things unexamined, and pleafed
myfelf with a profpect of the hours which I ftiould revel away in feafts of literature,
the obfcure
recefTes of northern learning which I ftiould enter and ranfack, the treafures with which I expected
with which I ftiould dif-
every fearch into thofe neglected mines to reward my labour, and the triumph
play my acquifitions to mankind. When I had thus enquired into the original of words, I refolved to

ftiow likewife my attention to things to pierce deep into every fcience, to enquire the nature of every
;

fubftance of which I inferted the name, to limit every idea by a definition ftrictly logical, and exhibit every
that my book might be in place of all other dictio-
production of art cr nature in an accurate defcription,
naries whether appellative or technical. But thefe were the dreams of a poet doomed at laft to wake a
I foon found that it is too late to look for inftruments, when the work calls for execution,
lexicographer.
and that whatever abilities I had brought to my tafk, with thofe I muft finally perform it. To deliberate
whenever I doubted, to enquire whenever I was ignorant, would have protracted the undertaking without
end, and, perhaps, without much improvement ; for I did not find by my firft experiments, that what I
had not of my own was eafily to be obtained I faw that one enquiry only gave occafion to another, that
:

book referred to book, that to fearch was not always to find, and to find was not always to be informed ;
and that thus to purfue perfection, was, like the firft inhabitants of Arcadia, to chafe the fun, which,
when they had reached the hill where he fcemed to reft, was ftill beheld at the fame diftance from them.
I then contracted my defign, determining to confide in myfelf, and no longer to folicit auxiliaries, which
leaft one advantage, that I fee limits to
produced more incumbrance than afliftance by this I obtained at
:

my work, which would in time be ended, though not completed.

Defpondency has never fo far prevailed as to deprefs me to negligence ; fome faults will at laft appear
to be the effects of anxious diligence and perfevering activity. The nice and fubtle ramifications of
meaning were not eafily avoided by a mind intent upon accuracy, and convinced of the necefllty of dif-
entangling combinations, and fcparating fimilitudes. Many of the diftinctions, which to common readers
appear ufelefs and Idle, will be found real and important by men verfed in the fchool philofophy, without:
which no dictionary can ever be accurately compiled, or fkilfully examined.
Some fenfes however there
which, though not the fame, are yet fo nearly allied, that they are
are,
often confounded. Moft men think indiftinctly, and therefore cannot fpeak-with exactnefs; and con-
this uncertainty is not to be
fequently fome examples might be indifferently put to either fignification
:

imputed to me, who do not form, but regifter the language ; who do not teach men how they ftiould
think, but relate how they have hitherto exprefTcd their thoughts.
The will be com-
imperfect fenfe of fome examples I lamented, but could not remedy, and hope they
penfated by innumerable paffages fclechd with propriety, and preferred with exactnefs ; fome fhining
with fparks of imagination, and fome replete with treafures of wifdom.

The orthography and etymology, though imperfect, are not imperfect for want of care, but becaufe
care will not always be fucce&ful, and recolle&iwi or information come too late for ufe.
Thai
 That many terms of
PREFACE.
and manufacture are omitted, muft be frankly acknowledged but for this
art ;

defect Imay bokily allege that it was unavoidable: I could not vifit caverns to learn the miner's
the dialed of navigation, nor vifit the warehoufes
language, nor take a voyage to perfect my {kill in
of merchants, and (hops of artificers, to gain the names of wares, tools and operations, of which no
mention is found in books what favourable accident, or eafy enquiry brought within my reach, has
;

not been neglected ; but it had been a hopclefs labour to glean up words, by courting living informa-
tion, and contefting with die fullenncfs of one, and the roughnefs of another.

To furnifh the academicians della Crufca with words of this kind, a feries of comedies called lei
Fiera, or (be Fair, was profefledly written by Buonaroti ; but I had no fuch afliftant, and therefore
w as content to want what they muft have wanted likewife, had they not luckily been fo fupplied.
Nor are words which are not found in the vocabulary, to be lamented as omifiions. Of the
all

laborious and mercantile part of the people, the diction is in a great meafure cafual and mutable ; many
of their terms are formed for fome temporary or local convenience, and though current at certain times
and places, are in others utterly unknown. This fugitive cant, which is always in a ftate of increafe or
a language, and therefore muft be
decay, cannot be regarded as any part of the durable materials of
fuffered to perifli with other things unworthy of prefervation.

Care -will fometimes betray to the appearance of negligence. He that is catching opportunities which
feldom occur, will fuffer thofe to pafs by unregarded, which he expects hourly to return ; he that is fearch-
and familiar thus many of the moft
jng for rare and remote things, will neglect thofe that are obvious
:

common and curfory words have been inferted with little illuftration, becaule in gathering the authorities,
I forbore to copy thofe which I thought likely to occur whenever they were wanted. It is remark-
able that, in reviewing my collection, I found the word SEA unexemplified.

happens, that in things difficult there is danger from ignorance, and

Thus it in things eafy from

confidence the mind, afraid of greatnefs, and difdainful of littlenefs, haftily withdraws herfelf from
;

painful fearches, and pafles

with fcornful rapidity over tafks not adequate to her powers, fometimes too
fecure for caution, and again too anxious for vigorous effort ; fometimes idle in a plain path, and fome-
times diftracted in labyrinths, and difiipated by different intentions.

A large work is difficult becaufe it is

large, even though all its parts might fingly be performed with
facility where
; there are many things to be done, each muft be allowed its fhare of time and labour,
in the proportion only which it bears to the whole ; nor can it be expected, that the ftones which form
the dome of a temple, Ihould be fquared and polilhed like the diamond of a ring.

Of the event of this work, for which, having laboured it with fo much application, I cannot but
have fome degree of parental fondnefs, it is natural to form conjectures. Thofe who have been per-
fuaded to think well of my defign, will require that it fhould fix our language, and put a ftop to
thofe alterations which time and chance have hitherto been fuffered to make in it without oppofition.
"With this confequence I will confefs that I flattered myfelf for a while but now begin to fear that I
;

h.ive indulged expectation which neither reafon r.or experience can juftify. When we fee men grow old
and die at a .certain time one after another, from century to cenrury, we laugh at the elixir that promifes
to pralong life to a thoufand years ; and with equal juftice may the lexicographer be derided, who
being able to produce no example of a nation that has preferved their words and phrafes from mutability,
/hall that his dictionary can embalm his language, and fecure it from corruption and
imagine decay,
that it is in his power to change fubiunary nature, and clear the world at once from folly, vanity, and
affectation.,

\Vith this hope, however, academies have been inftituted, to guard the avenues of their
languages,
<o retail* fugitives, and repulfe intruders ; but their vigilance and activity have hitherto been vain ;
founds are too volatile and fubtile for legal reftraints to enchain fyllables, and to lafh the wind, are
;

equally the undertakings of pride, unwilling to meafure its defires by its ftrc'ngth. The French language
h.'.s
vilibly changed under the infpection of the academy; the ftyle of Amdofs tranQation of father Paul
Is obferved by Le Courayer to be vn feu fajfe and no Italian will maintain, that the diction of
\
any
modern writer is not perceptibly different from that of Boccaee, Macbiavel, or Caro.
Total and fudden transformations of a language feldom happen conqucfts and migrations are now
j

very jrare : but there arc other caufes of change, which, though flow in their operation, and inv.ifible in
their
their progrefs, are
P
perhaps as
R
much
E FACE.
human refiflance, as the revolutions of the (ky, of
fuperiour to
intumefcence of the tide. Commerce, however necefTary, however lucrative, as it depraves the manners,
corrupts the language ; they that have frequent intercourfe with ftrangers, to whom they endeavour to
accommodate themfelves, muft in time learn a mingled dialect, like the jargon which ferves the traffickers
on die Mediterranean and Indian coafts. This will not always be confined to the exchange, the warehoufe,
or the port, but wi'l be communicated by degrees to other ranks of the people, and be at lalt incorporated
with the current fpeech.

There are likewife caufes equally forcible.

internal The language moft likely to continue long
without alteration, would be that of a nation raifed a little, and but a little, above barbarity, fecluded

from ftrangers, and totally employed in procuring the conveniencies of life ; either without books, or,
fike fome of 'the Mahometan countries, with very few men thus bufied and unlearned, having only fuch
:

words as common ufe requires, would perhaps long continue to exprefs the fame notions by the fame
figns. But no fuch conftancy can be expected in a people polifhed by arts, and clafled by fubordination,
where one part of the community is fuftained and accommodated by the labour of the other. Thofe
who have much leifure to think, will always be enlarging the flock of ideas; and every increafe of
knowledge, whether real or fancied, will produce new words, or combinations of words. When the
mind is unchained from neceffity, it will range after convenience > when it is left at large in the fields
of fpeculation, it will fhift opinions as any cuftom is difufed, the words that expreffed it muft perifh with-
;

it ; as any
opinion grows popular, it will innovate fpeech in the fame proportion as it alters practice.
As by the cultivation of various fciences a language is amplified, it will be more furnifhed with
words deflected from their original fenfe ; the geometrician will talk of a courtier's zenith, or the
eccentrick virtue of a wild hero, and the phyfician of fanguine expectations and phlegmatick delays.
Copioufnefs of fpeech will give opportunities to capricious choice, by which fome words will be pre-
ferred, and others degraded; viciffitudes of fafhion will enforce the ufe of new, or extend the fignificatioa
of known terms. The tropes of poetry will make hourly encroachments, and the metaphorical will.
become the current fenfe: pronunciation will be varied by levity or ignorance, and the pen mult
at length comply with the tongue ; illiterate writers will, at one time or other, by publick infatuation,
rife into renown, who, not knowing the
original import of words, will ufe them with colloquial ficen-
tioufnefs, confound diftindtion, and forget propriety. As politenefs increafes, fome exprefTion* will be
confidered as too grofs and vulgar for the delicate, others as too formal and ceremonious for the gay
and airy; new phrafes are therefore adopted, which muft, for the fame reafons, be in time difmifieci.
Swift, in his petty treatife on ihe f Et/t/b language, allows that new words muft fometimes be intro-
duced, but propofes that none fhould be fuffered to become obfolete. But what makes a word obfolete,
more than general agreement to forbear it ? and how (hall it be continued, when it conveys an offenfive-
idea, or recalled again into the mouths of mankind, when it has once become unfamiliar by difufe, and
unpleafing by unfamiliarity ?

There is another caufe of alteration more prevalent than any other, which yet in the prefent ftate of the
world cannot be obviated. A
mixture of two languages will produce a third diftinct from both, and
they will always be mixed, where the chief part of education, and the moft confpicuous accomplishment,
is (kill in ancient or in
foreign tongues. He that has long cultivated another language, will find its
words and combinations crowd upon his memory ; and hafte and negligence, refinement and affectation;,
will obtrude borrowed terms and exotick exprefllons.

The great peft of fpeech is frequency of tranflation. No

book was ever turned from one language into-
another, without imparting fomething of its native idiom this is the moft mifchievous and
-,
comprehen-
five innovation ; fingle words may enter by thoufands, and the fabrick of the tongue continue the fame;
but new phrafeology changes much at once ; it alters not the fingle ftones of the building, but the order
of the columns, if an academy fhould be eftablifhed for the cultivation of our ftyle, which I, who can?
never wifh to fee dependance multiplied, hope the fpirft of Englijb liberty will hinder or deftroy, let them,
inftead of compiling grammars and dictionaries, endeavour, with all their influence, to flop the licence of
tranflators, whofe idlenefs and ignorance, if it be fuflfered to proceed, will reduce us to. babble a dialect:
of France.

If the changes that we fear be thus irrefiftible, what remains but to acquiefce with filentre, as in the other
insurmountable diftrefles of humanity ? It remains that we retard what we cannot repel, that we palliate
what we cannot cure. Life may be lengthened by care, though death cannot be ultimately defeated ,5
5 tongues*
 PREFACE.
tongues, like governments, have a natural tendency
to degeneration ; we have long prefcrved our confiU
tution, let us make fome ftruggles for our language.
In hope of giving longevity to that which its own nature forbids to be immortal, I have devoted this
book, the labour of years, to the honour of my country, that we may po longer yield the palm of philology,
without a conteft, to the nations of the continent. The chief glory of every people arifes from its au-
thors : whether I fhall add any thing by my own writings to the reputation of Englijh literature, muft be
<

left to time much of my life has been loft under the preflbres of difeafe ; much has been trifled away ;
:

and much has always been fpent in provifion for the day that was pafiing over me ; but I fhall not think .

my employment ufelefs or ignoble, if by my afliftance foreign nations, and diftant ages, gain accefs to
the propagators of knowledge, and underftand the teachers of truth ; if my labours afford light to die
repofitories of fcience, and
add celebrity to Bacon, to Hooker, to Milion, and to Style.
"WhenI am animated by this wifh, I look with pleafure on my book, however defective, and deliver

it to the world with the fpirit of a man that has endeavoured welL That it will immediately become
I have not promifed to myfelf : a few wild blunders, and rifible abfurdities, from which no work
popular
of fuch multiplicity was ever free, may for a time furnifh folly with laughter,
and harden ignorance in
but ufeful will at laft prevail, and there never can be wanting fome who diftinguifh
contempt ; diligence
defert ; who will confider that no dictionary of a living tongue ever can be perfect, fince while it is haften-
ing to publication, fome words are budding, and fome falling away that a whole life cannot be fpent upon
;

fyntax and etymology, and that even a whole life would not be fufficient ; that he, whofe defign includes
whatever language can exprefs, muft often fpeak of what he does not underftand , that a writer will
fometimes be hurried by eagernefs to the end, and fometimes faint with wearinefs under a talk, which
Scaliger compares to the labours
of the anvil and the mine that what is obvious is not always known,
;

and what is known is not always prefent ; that fudden fits of inadvertency will furprize vigilance, flight
avocations will feduce attention, and cafual eclipfes of the mind will darken learning ; and that the writer
fhall often in vain trace his memory at the moment of need, for that which yefterday he knew with intui-
tive readinefs, and which will come uncalled into his thoughts to-morrow.

In work, when it fliall be found that much is omitted, let it not t>e forgotten that much likewife
this
is performed ; and though no book was ever fpared out of tendernefs to the author, and the world is
little felicitous to know whence proceeded the faults of that which it condemns ; yet it may
gratify curio-
firy to inform it, that the Englijh Dictionary was written with little afliftance of the learned, and without

any patronage of the great 5 not in the foft obfcuriries of retirement, or under the (helter of academick
bowers, but amidft inconvenience and diftraction, in ficknefs and in fomw. It may reprefs the
triumph
of malignant criticifm to obferve, that if our language is not here fully difplayed, I have only failed in an
attempt which no human powers have hitherto completed. If the lexicons of ancient tongues, now im-
mutably fixed, and comprized in a few volumes, be yet, after the toil of fucceffive ages, inadequate and
dclufive ;if the aggregated knowledge, and co-operating diligence of the Italian academicians, did not

fecure them from the cenfure of Beni , if the embodied critjcks of France, when
fifty years had been
fpent upon their work, were obliged to change its ceconomy, and give their fecond edition another form,
I may furely be contented without the prsiife of perfection, which, if I could obtain, in this
gloom of fo-
litude, what would it avail me ? I have protracted my work till moft of thofe whom I wifhcd to pleafe
have funk into the grave, and fuccefs and miicarriage are empty founds : I therefore dilrnifs. it with frigid,
tranquillity, having little to fear or hope from cenfure or from praifc.

THE
 THE

HISTORY OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
the Britains or Weljh were the

THOUGH firft
pofiefibrs of this ifland,
are recorded, and are therefore in civil hif-
whofe names

tory always confidered as the predeceflbrs of the

prefent inhabitants; yet the deduction of the Eng-
lijh language, from the earlieft times of which we
have any knowledge to its preient ftate, requires
no mention of them: for we have fo few words
which can, with any probability, be referred to Bri-
tijh roots, that we juftly regard the Saxons and Weljh
as nations totally diftinct. It has been conjectured,
that when the Saxons feized this country, they fuf-
fered the Britains to live among them in a ftate of
vaflalage, employed in the culture of the ground,
and other laborious and ignoble fervices. But it is
fcarctly poffible, that a nation, however deprefled,
fhould have been mixed with another in confidcr-
able numbers without fome communication of their
tongue, and therefore, it may, with great reafon, be
imagined, that thofe, who were not fheltered in the
mountains, periftre d
by the iword.
The whole fabrick and fcheme of the Englijh
language is Gothick or Teutonick : it is a dialect of
that tongue, which prevails over all the northern
countries of Europe, except thofe where the Scla-
vonian is fpoken. Of theie languages Dr. Hickes
has thus exhibited the genealogy.

GOTHICK,
1

ANGLO-SAXON,
Dutch
Frifick,
fc.nglifli,
 THE HISTORY OF THE
appears by k ng Alfred's paraphrafe
; or imitation of CAP. II.

which I have fe-

Bcettius, and his Ihort preface, DA hog e
-
(C a lurr'.rrphce
letted as the firft
fpecimen of ancient Engltjb. |C
rceal nu j^p^
pI1
-
ni -, mit)
rp un
t>um popt>um jererran. beah ic jeo npilum je-
C A P. I. coplice punt>e. ac ic nu^pepentoe
^ ] jijMChtv- op

Tepatmi popfca
' rmrpo. me ablenfcan bar unrer-
/-\N Sspe rbe pe Goran O F SiBSiu mrrjpe g* ^ me j, a fcoAi
pip
Komana pice jepm upahopon. -]
-
o. i

hlint>ne
]o
on
}
b.r fcimme hoi. Da bepeapotx>n
heopa cynmjum. Rxbjora ant) Gallepica pEEpon cejne luprba-pnepre pa Sa ic him rrppe berpr
<T |
Romane bupi 3 abparcon. anb call
rpupofce. Sa penfcon hi me heopa base ro ant) me
harae.
munrum ] i
p.ce jJ ij- berpux pam mit) ealle
^om^epiran. To phon jreoltja-i la
ealonte in anpalb jepehron. ] pa stjrep pam m]fie pjlient) rC TTan bsr ic -reraeliT mon pjcne.
poperpjtecenan cynm^um Deotjp.c penj
ro pam
he
hu m beon ^i,-, re ^o
ilcan p:ce.
r e Deobpic paT Amulmja. pp r ^ U nhpuman ne mor:-
Epipren. J>eah he on pam /\jipnnircan jeCpolan
Suphpunot>e. pe ^eher
Romanum hip ppeont)- CAP. III.
rcii>e. rpa ji hi morran heopi ealt>pihra pvpSe
beon. Ac he ba -rehar rpiSe ypele Selsr re. DA ic
pa Bijr leop. cpaeBBoe
com ^a2ji jan in ro me heo-
a
T rp^e PP4 e Teentoo?)e mib maneTum mane, apunjen hxpfee.
4 psr ro eacan ofpum unapimet)um yplum. f he pencunt) pirt)om. ] f mm mupnentoe COot) mrt>
lohanner bone papan her oprlean. Da p.pr rum hirpopbum jejperre. pup cpsp. pu ne eapr "]

conrul. /pe heperoha har-b. Boeriup pasp P" pe mon be on mmpe pcole pn?pe apet) ] je-
Ac hponon puptoejm mit) pippum
haren. re vxr in boccpceprum -3 on popult) P^ pppult*
beapumpepihrpirepra. 8e Sa onrear pa manij- rP3 um FP
feT e ence D buron
S rP
ro
1
^ Ic
par f
'

pe.ilmn ypel be re cynmr Deojpic pip pam pu h^ppr Sapa p:tpna hpape poppren fee ic
Epiprenant)ome -} pib pam Romanircum pirum > e S P r ealt5e Da dipcWe pe pipfcom ] cp.tb.
-

eal- Oepirab nu apipjette popult) popja op mmcp

Dyce. he pa -remunt5e apa epneppa ^ papa
fcpihra$ehiunt>ep3amEarepumhaspt>onheopa pe^enep COofte. poppam TC pinb pa mzpcan
ealT>hlapopt>um. DJ onjan he pmeajan ] leopm- pceapan. Lsrap hme epr hpeoppan ro mmum
Tan on him pelpum hu he fpice 8am unpihrpipan Japum. Da eot)e pe pirtjom neap, cptp Boeriup.
cymnTe apeppan mihre. T on pyhr 5eleappul-
mmum hpeoppientsan jepohre. -3 hir ppa mopohl
pa anb on pihrpippa anpalb jebpmjan. Senfce ?= upap^t)e. atjpijbe pa mmenep
hpeja
pa bi-rellice spenbreppiru ro pam Eapepe
ro C0ot)ep eagan. ant> hit ppan biipum popfcum.
tonrranrmopolim. pxp ip Epeca heah bupj ] hpspep hir oncneope hip poprepmotjop. miti
^am pe Sa -f COob pip bepent)e. Sa jecneop hir
heopa cyneprol. pop bam pe Dapepe pjep heopa
ealbhlapoptt cynnep. b^bon hme p.-er
he him ro rP'F
e rP eorele h a ne
3 T
moDop. jJ psp pe pip-
ro tom pe hir
lanje sp rybe -j tept)e. ac hir on-
heopa Epipren-oome -] heopa ealfcpihrum je-
pulrumebe. Da J5 onrear pe paslhpeopa cynmj S^ar hip lape ppipe roropenne -3 ppij;e robpo-
cenne ml *> ^yr'3J u hflbu. ~\ bine pa ppan hu
Deobpic. *a hsr he hme Tebpmgan on capcepne
-] top
inne belucan. Da Inr a jelomp j-e -JJ
f jepupbe. Da ant>ppypt>e pe pipbom him -7
appyp*a pap on ppa nvcelpe neapaneppe be- p^be. ^ hip jmjpan ha;pbon hme ppa roropenne.
corn, ba piep he ppa micle ppiSop on hip COotoe KJ1 F^J1 hl reobhcX)n j> hi hine eallne habban
rebpepeb. ppa hir OOofc tep ppiSon
ro p im pceotoon. ac hi jejatoepiaS mompealti Dypij on
he 3a nanpe p.t-pe poprp'upunja. ] on j?am jilpe buran heopa
popult) ps pum unjepot) pasp. ]
ppoppe be mnan pain cap ,epne ne jemunbe. ac hpelc epr ro hype bore jecippe:-
he sepeoll nipol op t>une on pa plop, -j hme T
hj s rnay perhaps be confideretl as a
fpecimen
.-iprpehre ppipe unpor.
anb opmob hme pelpne of the Saxon in lts higheft ftatc of purity, for here
ponjan pepan -} pup pmgenbe cpep. are fcarce i y any wor j s borrowed from the Roman
dialects.

Of
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Of the following verfion of the gofpels the age
is not certainly known, but it was probably writ-
ten between the time of Alfred and that of the Nor-
man conqueft, and therefore may properly be in-
fened here.
Translations fcldom afford juft fpecimehs of a
language, and leaft of all thofe in which a fcrtipu-
lous and verbal interpretation is endeavoured, be-
caufe they retain the phraieology and ftrufture of
the original tongue; yet they have often this con-
venience, that the fame book, being tranflated in
different ages, affords opportunity of marking the
gradations of change, and bringing one age into
comparifon with another. For this purpofe I have
placed the Saxon verfion and that of Wickliffe, writ-
ten about the year 1380, in oppofite columns, be-
caufe the convenience of eafy collation feems greater
than that of regular chronology.

LUCJE, CAP. I.
LUK, CHAP. I.

ORDA~QD j?e pirotihce mane^i pohron papa

F ln 6 P*
a c<i
5 e -ent>ebypt>an pe on up ;$epyl-
letie p ynr.

Spa up berashrun pa Be hit op ppym'Se

- 2

repapon. ai.b ptpe pppiece penap prcpon.

3 ODe jepuhre [op-pyh^be ppom ppuma]
eallum. [mi^] entiebypfcneppe pprran
fiopnlice
e. pu Se pelupra Theophilup.
4 Dxr jju oncnape papa poptu poSpasprneppe.
e fu ^elaspefc eapr:-
op pam
5 On J^epoOep t>ajum Iut>ea cymncjep. pasp IN the dayes of Eroude kyng of Judee ther was a
*
pum pacept> on naman Zachajuap op Sbian rune. preft Zacarye by name : of the fort of Abia, and
ant> his wyf was of the doughtris of Aaron and hir
] hip pip psp op Sajionep Oohrjium. hype :

nama paef Glizaberh:-

name was Elizabeth.
6 So^lice hij pasrion buru jiihrpipe beporian 2 An bothe weren jufte bifore God: goynge in
D Be. on eallum hip bebot>um ] phr-
g.mjentic alle the maundementis and
juftifyingis of the Lord
buran priohte:- withouten playnt.
pipnejjum
7 Ant> hij na-5t>on nan beajin. portpam Se 3 And thei hadden no child, for Elizabeth was
Glizaberh pjep unbertentse. ] hy on hyjxa t>agum bareyn and bothe weren of greet age in her dayes.
buru jojiS-eotiun:-
8 SoSlice pnep jepojaben
pa Zachapiap hyp pa- 4 And it bifel that whanne Zacarye fchould do
cepvt)'iat)ep bjieacon nipjeprnxlepentfebyfitineppe
the office of prefthod in the ordir of his courfe to

beporian tjot>e. fore God.

9 /Eprep. jepunan p?ep pacervtihaioep hlorep. 5 Aftir the cuftom of the prefthod, he wente
he eome jj
he lup oppriunje perre, Sa he on forth by lot and entride into the temple to encenfen.

Eotiep rempel eobe.

10 Gall pepot ]?n?p polcep psep ure
jebit)t>entoe
6 And at the multitude of the puple was with-
on paeneoppriunjeriman:- out forth and preyede in the our of encenfying.
1 1 Da asrypt)e him Dpihrnep enjel pranbentie 7 And an aungel of the Lord apperide to him:
on J:rep peopobep ppiSpan healpe. and flood on the right half of the auter of en-
cenfe.
1 2 Da
pearit) Zachapiap Tetipepet) -p 8 And
Zacarye feynge was afrayed and drede
:

ont)e. ]
him eje onhpeap:- fcl upon him.
13 Da cpjt^peen^el him ro. Ne ont>pfE?>pu 9 And the aungel fayde to him, Zacarye drede
^e Zachapiap. poppam pin ben ip jehypet). ] thou not: for thy preier is herd, and Elizabeth
|;in
Ghzaberh |;e punu cenS. ant) pu nempr
pip thi wif fchal here to thee a fone: and his name fchal

hyp naman lohannep. be clepid Jon.

14 -3 he byS pe ro jepean ^ ro bhppe. ] 10 And joye and gladyng fchal be to thee: and
maneja on hyp acennebneppe gep^nia^:- manye fchulen have joye in his natyvyte.
15 SoSlice he bye) mrcpe bepopan Dpihrne. 11 For he fchal be great bifore the Lord and :

anb he ne bpmcSpm ne beop. ~\ lie biS he fchal not drinke wyn ne fydyr, and he fchal be
jepyliet)
on halrgum Dapre. |;onne fulfild with the holy goft yit of his modir wombe.
jyr op hip motiop in-
r.oSe.
i (j Anb maneja Ippahela beapna he jecyjiS ro 12 And he fchal converte manye of the children
Dpihrne hypa Dobe. of Ifrael to her Lord God.
6 17 13 And
 THE HISTORY OF THE
58 ~] hype nehchebupaj- ~j hype cufean f je- ^4 And the neyghbouris and cofyns of hir
herden that the Lord hadde magnyfied his mercy
hyptwn. Dpihren hip rmit>-heoprneppe r.no
-Ji

with hir, and ihci thankiden him.

hype m.Tpput>e -j hij mit> hype blippot>on:-
59 Da en bam ehreofean tisje mj comon -J> 55 And it was duon in the eightithe day t!wi
cite ymbpnifean. ant) nemtoon bine hip prcfcep camen to circumfide the child, and thei clcpidcn
naman Zathapia'm:- him Zacarye by the name of his fadir.
60 Da ant>ppapot>e hip mot)op. Ne pe pofeep. 56 And his modir aniwcridc and fade, nay;
ac he bife lohannep jene:nnetx- but he fchal be clepid Jon.
6 1 D.i cpxtton.m ro hype. Nip nan on j?mpe 57 And thci fcidcn to hir, for no man is in tht
nrt rfee
}-yppum naman jenemnet):- kyndrede that is clepid [his name.
63 Da bicnobon hi ro hip picCep. hpar he 58 And thei bikenyden to his fadir, what he
polfcehyne jenemnetsne beon:- wolde that he were clepid.
63 pa ppar hejebetJenum pex-bpebe. lohan- 59 And heaxinge a poyntel wroot feyinge, Jon
ner hip nama. fea punt>potx>n hij ealle:- is his name, and alle men wondriden.

64 Da peapfe pona hip miife -j hip runge ge- 60 And annoon his mouth was openyd and his
openot). ] he pppasc. Dpihren blerpijenfce:- tunge, and he fpak and bit (Tide God.
65 Da peapfe eje jepopfcen opep ealle hypa 61 And drede was maad on all hir neighbours,
nehchebupap. ant) opep ealle luoea munr-lant> and all the wordis weren puplifchid on alle the
p.rpon pap popt) jepibniscppotie. mounteynes of Judee.
66 ] ealle pa fee hir jehyptjon. on hypa heop- 62 And alle men that herden puttiden in her
ran percun -] penpr Su hpsr byS pep
cprebon. herte, and feiden what manner child fchal this be,
cnapa. pirot)lice Dpilvcnep hant) psp mit>
him:- for the hond of the Lord was with him.
67 Snt Zachapiap hip psfcep psp mit> hale- 63 And Zacarye his fadir was fulfillid with the
he anb holy Goft, and profeciede and feide.
jum Capre jepyllet). -] pirejobe cp^S.
68 Deblerput) py Dpihren Ippahela Gots. pop- 64 Blelfid be the Lord God of Ifrael, for he has
vifuid and maad redempcioun of his puple.
pirn Jrehe jeneoputie. "3 hip polcep alypettneppe
t5yt)e.
69 Snt) he up hcele hopn apaspt>e on Dauit)ep 65 And he has rered to us an horn of helthe in
the hous of Dauith his child.
hupe hip cnihrep.
70 8pa he pppjec puph hip halejpa pirejena 66 As he fpak by the mouth of hife holy pro-
mu8. pa op popltiep ppym fee ppprecon.
fee phetis that weren fro the world.
71 ] he
alypt>e up op upum peontium.
anb op 67 Helth fro oure enemyes, and fro the hond of
ealpa papa hantia pe up harebon. alle men that hatiden us.

jz C0ilt)-heoprneppe ro pypcenne mit> upum 68 To

do merfy with oure fadris, and to have
paetjepum. ^emunan hip halejan cyfeneppe.
~] mynde of his holy teftament.
73 JJync u y ^ pyllenne pone afe pe he upum 69 The grete ooth that he fwoor to Abraham our
pzt>ep Sbpahame fpop. fadir,
74 Di-r pe buran eje. op upe peonfca hant)a 70 To geve himfelf to us, that we without
alypet>e.
him peopian drede delyvered fro the hond of our enemyes ferve
to him,
75 On hahjneppe bepopan him eallum upum 71 In holynefie and rightwifnefle before him,
in alle our dayes.
tiajum:-
76 Snt) pu cnapa bipr pzp hehpran pireja 72 Arid thou child fchalt be clepid the profete of
jenerr.neb. pu jsepr bepopan Dpihrnep anpyne. the higheile, for thou fchalt go before the face of
hi
r P e s j r 3efpp |j "- the Lo& to make redy hife weyes.
77 To pyliene hip poke hade jepir on hypa 73 To
geve fcience of heehh to his puple into
remiffioun of her iynnes.
j-ynna popjypneppe.
78 Duph innofeap upep Eot>ep milti-heopr- 74 By the inwardenefs of the merfy of oure God,

neppe. on pam he up jeneoput)e op eaprbasle in the which he fpringyng up fro on high hath
up-pypmjenfce. vifited us.

79 Onlyhran pam pe on Jryprpum "] on tieafeep 75 Tgeve light to them that fitten in dark-
pceabe pirrafe. upe per ro jepeccenne on pibbe neffis, and
in fchadowe of deeth, to drefie our feet
into the weye of pees;
o pe cnap^ peox. -j pasp on ^
Sofe'ice 76 And the child wexide, and was confortid in
eprpanjot). psp on peprenum oo pone
-] fpiryt, and was in defert placis till to the day of his
yp asrypetjneppum on Ippahei:- fthewing to Yfrael.
6 Of
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Of the Saxon poetry fome fpecimcn is necefiary, J?e ip buuen up ant) bmeSen,
though our of the laws of their metre and ant) ec bihmt).
ignorance Biuopen
the quantities of their fyllables, which it would be Se man ^ jot)ep pille tieS,
very ditficult, perhaps impoffible, to recover,, ex- pie mai hine aihpap. umt)e.
cludes us from that plealure which the old bards Gche pune he ihepS,
undoubtedly gave to their contemporaries. !Snt>
por eche tietie.
The firft poetry of the Saxons was without rhyme, pe ^uph piTS echep i^anc,
ami confcquently mult have depended upon the hpar pel up ro pet>e.
lUai

quantity of their fyllables ; but they began in time Se man neupe nele ton 30*),
to imitate iheir neighbours, and clofe their verfes Ne neupe got> hp let>en.
with correfpondent founds. 6p t)eS ~\ t)om come ro hip tupe,
The two paflages, which I have felefted, contain ^e mai him pope at>pet)en.
the rudiments of our prefent lyrick mea-
apparently punjep -3 Suppr here -\ chele,
fures, and the writers may be juftly confidered as GcSe ant) all unhel'Se.
the genuine anceftors of the Englijh poets. Cuph t>eS com on Sip mit)elapt>,
e mai him pope at>pet>en, Snt) oSep umpelSe.
Dxr he Sanne ojie bittoe ne mujen,. Ne mai non hepre hir ipenche,
Uop f bihmpeS ilome. Ne no runge relle.
$x ip pip f bir ant> bore ^u muchele pmum ant) hu uele,
Ant) ber biuopen borne. BieS inne helle.
DeaS com on Sip mit>elapt> Louie Dot) mit) upe hiepre.
DupS Sasp Oeplep ont>e, !Snt> mit) all
upe mihre.
Snt> penne ant) popje ant> ippmc, Snt) upe emcjuprene ppo up
On pe ant) on lonfce. 8po up lepeS tpihre.
Ic am elfceji Sanne ic
pep,
8ume Sen habbeS leppe mepgfte,
A pmrpe -3
ec a fope. Snt> pume Sep habbeS mope,
Ic ealtii
mope Sanne ic t)et)e, Gch eprep San $ he tietoe,
ClOi
pir ojhre ro bi mope. Gprep -p he ppanc pope,
8e -f hine pelue uopjer, Ne pel Sep bi bpet> ne pin,
Uop piue opep uop chilt>e. Ne opep kennep ej^re.
jDe pal comen on euele prefce, Dot) one pel bi
echep lip,
Bure got) him bi miltie. !Snt>
bhpce ant) eche pepra.
Ne hopie pip ro hipe pepe Ne pal Sap bi pcere ne pcput>,
Ne pepe ro hip piue. Ne popltiep pele none.
Bi poji him pelue eujiich man, ~Rc pi mepjpe f men
up bihar,
Daeji pile he bieS ahue.
!ffll
pall
ben jot) one.
Gujiich man mit> $ he Ne mai no mepjpe bi
ppo muchel,
CDai 8po ip jot)ep ipihSe.
bejjen heuejiiche.
8e Se lejye -j j-e
Be mope, ^i ip pop pune ant) bpihr,
Jjepe aitiep iliche. Hnt) bure nihre.
t)ai

^euene ant) ep<$e he o Dep ip pele bure pane,

7nt> pepre buren
^ip ejhen biS pulbpihr. ippmche.
Eunne ~\ mone -3 alle preppen, 8e $ mai ant) nele oet>ep come,
Bie5 Siej^rpe on hip hhre. Sope hir pel uopSenche.
^e por hper SencheS ant)
hper t)op, Dep ip blipce buren rpeje,
Alle quike pihre. Knt) lip buren t)eaSe.
Nip no louept) j'pich ir" xij^r, Der eupe pullen pume Sep,
Ne no kmj ppich ip tjpihre. BhSe hi biep ant) eaSe.
euene -\ epSe -3
all Sar ip, Dep ip jeujepe buren elt)e,
Biloken ij"
on hip honfce. Snt) buren unhelpe.
eltie

^e t)e al
f hip pille ip, Nip Sep popje ne pop non,
On j-ea
ant) ec on iontie. Ne non umpilSe.
J3e opt) alburen optie,
ir* Dep me pel tipihren ipen,
entie alburen eiit>e. 8po ape he ip mit> ipippe. '

one ip eupe on eche f ret>e, pe one mai ant) pel al bien,

pep ^u pent>e. Goglep ant)
mannep bhpce.
To
 THE HISTORY OF THE
To %ape blipce up bpinj job, -] pnakep pibep pa?pon inne. -j bp-jpen heom
-}

Per pixeft buren

enbe. ppd.
Sume hi biben in cpucer hup. $ ip in an
nue he upe paula unbmr, ccpre $ pap pcopr ] napeu. ] un bep. ] bibe
Of lichamlice benb. inne. ]
ppengbe pe man paep
-

pcseppe pranep pep

In mam
Cprpr jeue i*f lebe fpich lip, inne. j5 hi bprtcon alle pe hmep.
op pe
habbe fpichne enbe. caprkp pjepon lop ~] jpT. j> pa.pon pachenrejep
pe nioren Sibep curnen, -f rpa o<Sep ppe
men hat)t>en onoh ro ba?pon
Danne pe hennep peabe. onne. f pap j-pa maceb f ip pasprneb ro an
beom. -] biben an pcaspp ipen aburon pa mannep
About
the year 1150, the S:IXOH began to take a ppore ] hip halp. ^ he ne mihre nopibeppapbep
form which the beginning of the prefent Englijh
in neptren. ne hen. ne
plepen. bzpon oc
j> ipen.
al

may be plainly dilcovered; this change ieems not to COani pupn hi t>papen miti hunjjep. Jnecanne.
have been the effeft of the Norman conqueft, for -]
ne mai rellen alle pe punfcep ne alle pe pmej" f
very few French words are found to have been in- hi fcifcen men on
ppecce lantx -j -f
hip lapreDe pa
troduced in the firft hundred years after it; the xix. pinrpepile Srephnepap kin^. ] asupe ir pap
language muft therefore have been altered by caufes uueppe anb uueppe. 5 1 lasitten^siIOep on pe
like thofe which, notwithitanding the care of writers
runep setipeu pile. ~\ clepetjen ir renpepie. pa
and focicties inftituted to obviate them, are even J?e ppecce
men ne hafct>en nan mopero giuen. pa
now daily making innovations in every living Ian- pa?uet>en hi ant) bpent>on alle pe runep. -p pel bu
I have exhibited a fpecimen of the Ian- all
guage. mihrep papen at>aeip pape pcult)ej-r pu neupe
guage of this age from the year 1 1 35 to 1 140 of the pmtien man in rune pirrentse. ne lant> nlet). Da
Saxon chronicle, of which the latter part was ap- pap copn t>aspe. ~j plec. -j caspe. -j burepe pop
parcrftly written near the time to which it relates. nan ne psep o pe lant). UJpecce men prupuen
op
hungup, pume jetien on slmep pe papen pum
Dip jscpe pop J?e kmj Srephne opep ps ro pile pice
men. pum plujen ur op lant>e.
UJep
Nopmandi. ] pep pep untjep-pan^en. popSi jJ nasupe j^sr mape ppeccehet) on lantx ne nasupe
hi
pent>en j> he j-cultx ben alpuic alpe pe eom pep. he'cSen men pepj-e
ne t)iten pan hi t>it>en.
pop
] pop he haT)te jer hip rpepop. ac he ro t>elt> ouep piSon ne pop-bapen hi
nouSep cipce. ne
ir ] pcarepeD porlicc. OOicel hat5t>e ^cnpi kmj cypce-uept. oc nam al
pe jot) j> pap inne pap.
jabepet) jolb pyluep. ant) na jot> ne t)it)e me
-j -] bpent>en py^en pe cypce
alrejfebepe. Ne hi
]

pop hip paule pap op. Da pe kmj Srephne ro ne pop-bapen bij-copep ne

abborep. ne
Iant5.

Gnjla-lant) com pa macot) he hip jabepmj zer ppeoprep. ac pasuetien munecep. -] clepckep. ]
Oxene-popt). ~] bap he nam be bipcop Rojep op a?upic man o^6ep pe ouep myhre. Dip rpa men
Sepepbepi. ~\ Slexantiep bipcop op Lincoln. oSep ppe coman pitient) ro an run. al pe run-
re Hancelep Ro^fp hipe neuep. ~\ t)it>e jelle
] pcipe plujsn pop heom. penten $ hi prepon
in ppir-un. ril hi japen up hepe caprlep. Da pe pseuepcp. De bipcopep -3 lepet) meh heom cup-
puikep unt^pgeron -p he miltw man pap ] popre pet>e asupe.
oc pap heom nahr pap op.
pop hi
na jupripe ne tube, pa biben hi alle all
j jot*. -] pa?pon pop-cupj-scti -3 p.op-puopen ] pop'open.
punrx-p. pi hat-ben him manpeb makeb ant ICap pe me ep^e ne bap nan copn. pop
rilcbe. pe
aSep piopen. ac hi nan rpeuSe ne heolben. alle pe lant pap all
pop-bon mib piilce basbep. ] hi
he pspon pop-ppopen. -j hepe
rpeoSep pop- p.tben openlice f Hpipc plep. ] hiphalechen. 8uilc
lopen. pop azupic pice man hip caprlep makebe ] mape panne pe cunnen pasin. pe polenben xix.
anb agtnep him heolben. anb pylben pe lanb
pull pmrpe pop upe pinnep. On al pip yuele rime
op -caprk-p pi puencrcn pui^e pe ppecce men heolb CPaprm abbor hip abborpice xx.
pmreji
op p<- lanb mib caprel-peopcep. pa pe caprkp -3 halp jaep. -^ vin. ba?ip. mib micel puinc. ]
papen makib. pa pylben hi mib beou'ep anb yuele panb pe munekep. -] re jeprep al f heom hehoueb.
mon. Da namen hi pa men pe hi penben am heolb mycel capireb in rhe hup. anb
-j> -3 poS pe-
job hepben. bae uihrep anb be banrp. capl-
be
^epe ppohre on pe cipce ] perre pap rolanbep ~\
m n -3 pimmen. anb bib>n hiom in pipun eprep j
penrep. ^ jobeb ir puy^c anbla;r irpepen. anb
jolb anb pyluep. ~] pmcb heom un-relknbhce bpohre htom inropenepa; mynprpe on p. Perpep
pimnj. pop n prepen na^upe nan maprypp ppa majpe-ba?i mib micel puprpcipe. f pap anno ab
pmcb alpr hi pm-pon. COe henjeb up bi pc per incapnarione Dom. MCXL. a combuprione loci
anb pmokeb hvom mib pul pmoke. me xxui. Snb he pop ro Rome ]
henjcb pasp pa?p pa;l
bi ]?r pumbt-p o^ep bipe hepeb. -]
enjen bpynijep unbep-p.mjtn ppam pe Pape Gujcme. ] beyer
;

on hep per. COe bibe cnorceb

prpenji p aburon rhape ppiuilejiep. an op alle pe ianbep op pabbor-
hataieb. ro f ir jt-be ro p
hepe ] uupySen pice.-] an ofcep op pe lanSep pe lien ro pe cipce-
bibcn heom
jip he lenj mopre huen. alpe he mmr
h^pncp. pi in
quaprejinc faji nabpep pican. ]
ro
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
ro Don op !Snt> he beg?er in ppac pib Robbept eopl -3 pib pempepice anbppop
pe hopbep-pycan.
lantiep j? pice
men hepfcen mit)
prpenjpe. op heom aSap'f he neupema mib re king hip bpo&ep
UJillelm CDalCuir pe heolt) Rojmjham pas caprel polbe halben. *] cuppebe alle pe men pe mib him
he -3 6p:un. -3 op pujo op
UJalr- heolben. anb paebe heom j5 he polbe ifuen heom
pan Eorinjham
uilehe pan Jjyprlinjb. -3 Sranepig. -3 LX. pof. up Ulin-ceprpe. -3 bibe heom cumen pibep. Da
op Stoepingle elc gasp. Xnt)
he maket)e manie hi
Jnep inne pa:pen pa com pe kmgep cuen . . .

~j planrct>e pimaspt). -3
maket)2 manie hipe prpengSe -3 bepasr heom. jj pep pasp inne
munekep.
run berepe pan it asp pasp. micel hungasp. Da hi ne leng ne mohren polen. pa
peojikep. -3 pent)e pe
anb p.tp rot) munec ] jot)
man. *j popBi hi luuetien prah hi ur -\ plugen. -j hi pupSen pap piiSuren ]
Got) anb got)e
men. Nu pe pillen p^jen pum tel polecheben heom. anb namen Rot>benr eojil op
par belamp on Srephne kin jep time. On hip Dlou-ceptrjie
ant) lebben him t:o
Roue-ceprjie. ant*
rime f>e Jut>eup op Noji-pic bohton an Ejiipten t)iben him j^ajie in pnipun. anb re empejiice pleh
cilt) beponen Sprjien. ant) pinetien him alle j?e mro an mynprjve. Da peoj\T)en Sa pipe men be-
ilce pimnT^ ujie Djiihnn pap pmet). ant) on lang- rpyx. |?e kingep pjieonb"] re eojilep ppeonb. ant)
pmtm him on j\ot)e hengen pojv ujie Dpihrnep pahrlebe pua ^ me pculbe leren ur |>e kmj op
luue. *] py^en byfiiet)en him. liUent)en j> ir
pjiipun pop J?e eojil. ~] reeopl pop f>e king, -j pua
king ] Ran-
1
btn holen. oc ujre Djiihnn arypet)e bitien. 8iSen ^ep. epreji parhleben fe
pcult)e poji
j5
he pap hah mapryp. ] ro munekep him namen. t)olp eopi ar 8ran-pont) ] aSep ppopen antJ
] bebypiet)
him heglice. in Se mynprpe. ] he rpeu^ep psepron ~p hep nou^ep pculbe bepuiken
maker ]?up upe Dpihrm punt>ephce ant) mam- ooep. -j ir ne pop-prob nahr. pop f>e king him
mipaclep. ~j
paslt)!ice
harre he p. UJillelm:- piSen nam in ^amrun. }?uphe Jjicci past). ] bit)e
On pip ja?p com Dauit) kmj op Scorlant) mit) him in ppipun. ] ep ponep he ler him ur Juphe
opmtre parpt) ro ):ip lant) polt)e pinnan }?ip lant)." ] pasppe pet>ro ^ popepaptie -^ he puop on halit)om.
him com rojznepUJillelmeoplop Xlbamap^ekmj ] jyplep panb. he alle hip caprlep pcult>e fiuen
f
at>t>eberehr Suop-pic. -j ro ooepuez men mit> up. Sume he fap up anb
pume ne fap he nohr.
rasu men -j puhren pit) heom. ] plemt)en pe kmgsr anb bibs panne pasppe Sanne he hasp pculbe. Da
re prant>apt>. ^ plojen ptrtSe micel op hip genje:- pap Snjle-lanb puiSe ro-belcb. pume helben mib
Jn pip gsp polt)e pe king Srephne rascen Rot)- re king. ] pume mib
j^empepice. pop |>a pe king
bepr eopl op Dlouceprpe. j?e kingeppune^enpiep. pap ppipun. pa penben |?e eoplep ] re pice
in
ac he ne mihre pop he papr ir pap. Da eprep hi men }> he neupe mape pculbe cumme ur. -j
re t)a;i aburon
fe lenjren J?eprepebe pe punne ~] paehrleben pyb J7empepice. ~\ bpohren hipe inro
nonnt) ttejep. pa. men eren
J me hhret)e canblep Oxen-popb. ant) iauen hipe pe bupch:- Da 3e kinj
ro sren bi. ~] f pap xui. kr. Appil. paspon men pap ure. pa. hepbe f paejen. anb roc hip peopb
ruiSe oppunt)pet). Dep eprep popt)-peopt>e Uiil- ] bepaer hipe in pe rup. "j me la;r hipe bun on
lelm ^pce-bipcop op fcanrpap-bypij. -j re king mhr op pe rup mib papep. -j pral ur ] peas pleh
maket)e Teobalt) ^pce-bipcop. |?epap abbor in pe ^ isebe on pore ro UJalmg-popb. Dsp eprep
Bee. Dep eprep puioe micel uueppe beruyx
pasx pcs pepbe opep pas. ]
hi
op Nopmanbi penben
p king -] Ranbolp eopl op Eseprpe nohr pop^i
e alle
ppa pe king ro pe eopl op Snjaeu. pume hepe
f he ne jap him al f he cufte axen him. alpe he pankep ~\ pume hepe un-fankep. pop he bepast
t)it>e alle
oSpe. ocasppe pemape lap heom J?epa?ppe heom nl up htpe caprlep. ] hi nan
hi aiauen
hi
pspon him. De eopl heolb Lmcol ajaenep pe helpe ne haepben op ]?e king. Da pepbe Guprace
kinj. ~] benam
him al f he ahre ro hauen. -3 re pe kinjeppuneroFpance. ^namfiekingeppuprep
kmj pop pitiep ~j bepasrre
him ] hip bpoSep op Fpance ro pipe, pentie ro bijirron Nopmant)i
UJilielm t)^ R . . .
ape re eopl
in pe caprel. ] |><p puph. oc he ppet>t)e hrel. ] be Tot)e pihre.
jra;l ur
-3 p^ptie eprep Rot>bepr eopl op
Clou- pop he pap an yuel man. pop pape pe he .... t)it>e
ceprpe. -3 bpohr him pit)ep mit) micel pepb. mape yuel panne jot*, he peuet)e pe lantep ] lasitsc
anb puhren ppiSe on Lant>elmappe-t)ei ajenep mic pon. hebpohre hippiproGnTle-lantx
heope lauept). -3 namen him. pop hip men him -3
t)it>e
hipe in pe capre reb. jot) pimman
ruyken -] plujaen. ant) last) him ro Bpiprope ant) pea? psep. oc peas het>t>e hrel
bhppe mit) him. "3
bit>cn pap in
ppipun. "3
...
repep. Da pap all
xpipr ne poltie j5
he pcult)e lanje pixan. -3 paspb
map pan aep pasp. ant) all yuel tiebant) hip mot>epbelen.
Gngle-lant) pry-pet) ^reeoplopSn^cupaept)
Dep eprep com hip pune J)enpi roc ro pe pice. Snb re cuen
in lant>e. t)et). -3
psep pe kinjep t)ohrep
^enpj' p pe heptie ben Gmpepic on Tvlamame. -3 nu op Fpance ro-t>aslbe ppa pe king. -3 peas com ro pe
j

pep cunreppe in Snjou. -3 com ro Lunt)ene. -3 re lunje eopl enpi. -3 he roc hipe ro pipe. -3 al Peirou
Lunt5emppce pole hipe poltse rscen -3 peas pleh. -3 mit> hipe. Da pepbe he mit) micel paspb mro
poplep pap micel:- Dep eprep pe bipcop op Gn^le-lanb. -3 pancaprlep. -3 re king pepbe ajenep
UJin ceprpe
^enpi. pe kinjep bpo'Scp Srephnep. him micel mape pepS. ^poSpcepepepurenhinohr.
VOL. 1. e oc
 THE HISTORY OF THE
oc pepben fe JEpce bipcop ] re pipe
men be- Der nif ferpenr wolf no fox.
licom. makcbe re orf no capil. kowe no ox.
rpux -j f pahrcf king pcuibe
bui lam pb ] king pile he liutbe. ] aprep hip baei Dcr nif fchepe no Iwme no gore.
p. p J): npi kinj. ~j he helbe
him pop pabep "j he No non horwyla got) ir wore.
him pop pune. ant) pib -j psehre pculfce ben berpyx No"pcr harare nober frot) .

heo;n ~\ on al Gnjlc lant). Dip ant) re o&pe De latit) if ful of ober got>e.
popuuapbrp per I.I maktben puopen ro halben Nif per flei fle no lowfc.
In clop in roune bet) no houfe.
f c kinT ] re
cop', ant) re bipcop. ] re eoplcp.
-j piceivcn alle. Da pap fe eopl untx-ppanjen Der nif tHinnir flere no hawle.
aer U)m ceprpe ar.b aer L.unbcne mib micel No non vile worme no fnawile.
puprpcipe. anb alle t)iten him man-pcb.
ant) No non frorm rein no wintJe.
puopen fe paip ro halt>en. ant) hir papb pone Der nif man no woman bhnt)e.
puiot job paip pua -f neupe pap hepe. Da pap Ok al if game 101 anr gle.
Se kiujprpmjepe panne he aeuepr hep pap. ~] re Wel if him )?ar ]?er mai be.
eopt pepbe ouep pae. ] al pole hi:n luuet>e. pop he Der bep riverf grer ant) fine.
Dit>e
jot) jupripe ] makttte
Of oile mclk honi ant) wine.
Wanr feruib per ro noting.

Nearly about this time, the following pieces of Bor ro fiyr ant) ro wauffing.
poetry feem to have been written, of which I have
inferted only fhort fragments ; the firft is a rude
SANCTA MARGARETTA.
attempt at the prefent meafure of eight fyllables,
and the fccond is a natural introduction

of Gfaucefter, being compofed in the fame meafure,

to Robert
OLD E anr yonge
Jere.
i
preir ou cure folief for ro

which, however rude and barbarous it may feem, Dencher on got) far yef ou wir oure funnef ro
taught the way to the Alexandrines of the French bere.
p6etry. ^cre mai rellen ou. wit) worbef feire ant) fwere.
De vie of one meitian. waf horen COaregrere.
"C* UR in fee bi wefr fpaynge. ^ire fat>er waf a parnac. af ic ou rellen may.
If a lont) ihore cokaygne. In aunrioge wif tchef i Se falle lay.
Der nif lontJ unt)er heuennche. Deve gotf anr fcoumbe. he fervet) nut anr t)ay.
Of wel of gotmif hir iliche. So t)et)en mony ofere. far finger weilawey.
Doy parafcif be min ant) briyr. Theotxafius waf if nome. on crift ne levetie he
Ilokaygn if of
fairir fiyr. noutt.
Whar if
per in paratnf. pe levetie on be falfe gofcef. Sar peren wit) hontoen
Bor grafle ant) flure ant? grenenf. wroutt.
Doy per be 101 ant) grer Cure. Do par chilt) fcultoe chnftine ben. ic com him well
Der nif mer bore frure. in
foutt.
Dcr nif halle bure no bench. 6 bet)wen ir were ibore. ro txpe ir were
ibpoutt.
Bor warn* man if J?urfro quench. De metier waf an hefene wif far hire ro wyman
Beb per no men bur rwo. bere.
J3ely ant) enok alfo. Do f ar chilt) ibore waf. nolfce ho hir furfare.
Oinglich may hi go. po fent)e ir mro afye. wit> mefTagerf ful yare.
Whar per womj? men no mo. To a nopice
far hire wifte. anr ferre hire ro
In cokaygne if mer ant) t)rink. lore.

Wijjure care how ant> fwmk. De nonce far hire wifte. children aheuet>e feuene.
De mer if rrie pe brink fo clcre. De eittefe waf maregrere. crifref may of heuene.
To none ruflln ant) fopper. Talef ho am rolfce. ful feire anr ful euene.
I figge for
foj?
boure were. Wou ho folct>en marrirtiom. fem Laurence anr
Der nif lont) on er|?e if pere. feinre Sreuene.
Untxr hcuen nif lont) i wifle.
Of fo mochil 101 ant) bluTe. In thefe fragments, the adulteration of the Saxon
Der if mam fwcre fiyre. tongue, by a mixture of the Norman, becomes
Al if fcai nif per no myre. apparent ; yet it is not fo much changed by the
Der nif barer no)>er frrif. admixture of new words, which
might be imputed
Nif j?er
no t)e|? ac euer lif. to commerce with the continent, as
by changes
Dcr nif lac of mer no clop. of its own forms and terminations i for which no
Der nif no man no woman realbn can be given.
wroj>.
Hitherto
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Hitherto the language ufed in this ifland, how- Hii come & fmytc an batayle, 8c fere, f oru Code's

ever different in may be called

fucceflive time, grace,
Saxon; nor can it be expefled, from the nature of f e Deneys were al
bynej? e, & f>e
lond folc adde J>e
things gradually changing, that any time can be ,
place,
afilgned,
when the Saxon may be faid to ceafe, and And more prowefie dude Jx>, fan |?e kyng myjte
the Englifh to commence. Robert of Glcucejter byuore,
however, who is
placed by the criticks in the thir- feruore gode lond men ne bej? nojt al verlore.
teenth century, feems to have ufed a kind of in- J?e kyng
was j?e boldore
J?o,
&
ajen hem fe more
termediate diction, neither Saxon nor Englijb ; in drou,
his work therefore we fee the tranfition exhibited, And ys foure godes fones woxe vafte y nou,
and, as he is the firft of our writers in rhyme, of
Edelbold and
Adelbryjt, Edelred and Alfred.
whom large work remains, a more extenfive
any J>ys was a ftalwarde tem, &
of gret wyfdom & red,

quotation is extracted. He writes apparently in the And kynges were al foure, &
defendede wel )?ys
fame meafure with the foregoing authour of St. Jond,
Margarite, which, polifhfd into greater exactnefs,
An Deneys dude flame ynou, f>at me volwel vond.
appeared to our anceftors fo
fuitable to the genius Is
fyxtefe jere of J?e kynge's kynedom
of the Englijh language, that it was continued In eldeftc lone Adelbold gret oft to hym nome,
in ufe almoft to the middle of the feventeenth And ys fader alfo god, and oj?ere heye n?en al fo,
century.
And wende ajen_bys Deneys, |?at
muche wo adde
y do.
1

fe batayles of Denemarch, fat hii dude in

Vor myd tuo hondred flypes & an alf at Temfe
fys londe mouj? hiicome,
fat worft
were of alle ofere, we mote abbe an And Londone, and Kanterbury, and ofer tounes
honde. nome,
Worft hii were, vor ofere adde fomwanne ydo, And fo
vorp in to
So|7ereye, & flowe & barnde vafte,
As Romeyns baxons, & &
wel wufte fat lond Jjere J?e kyng and ys fone hem mette atte lafte.
ferto. fere was batayle ftrong ynou yfmyte in an frowe.
Ac hii ne kept yt holde nojt, bote robby, and fe godes kynjtes leye adoun as gras, wan medej>
fltnde, mowe.
And deftrue, & berne, & fle, & ne couf e abbe non Heueden, (fat were of yfmyte,) &: ofer lymes alfo,
ende. Flete in blode al fram
f e grounde, ar f e batayle were
And bote lute yt nas worf, fey hii were ouercome ydo.
ylome. Wannefat blod ftod al abrod, vas fer gret wo y nou.
Vor myd and gret poer as preft effone hii
flypes Nys yt reufe vorto hure, fat me fo vole flou ?
come. Ac our fuete Louerd atte lafte flewede ys fuete grace,
Kyng Adelwolf of fys lond kyng was tuenty jer. And fende be Criftyne Englyfle men f e mayftrye in
fe Deneys come .by hym ryuor fan hii dude er. fe place,
Vor in be al our vorft jer of ys kynedom And fe hefene men of Denemarch bynefe were
Myd f re & f rytty flypuol men her prince hyder echon.
come, Nou nas fer
jut in Denemarch Criftendom non ;
And Soufhamtone aryuede, an hauene by Soufe.
at
fe kyng her after to holy chyrche ys herte
fe more
Anofer gret oft fulke tyme aryuede at Portef- drou,
moufe. And tefegede wel & al
ys lond, as hii
ajte,
wel y
f e kyng nufte wefer kepe, at delde ys oft atuo. nou.
fe Denes adde fe mayftre. fo al was ydo, Seyn Swythyn at Wyncheftre byflbp fo was,
And by Eftangle and Lyndefeye hii wende vorf atte And Alcfton at Syrebourne, fat amendede muche
lafte, fys cas.
And fo hamward al by Kent, &c flowe & barnde f e kyng was wel f e betere man f oru her beyre red,
vafte, Tuenty wynter he was kyng, ar he were ded.
Ajen wynter hii wende hem. anofer jer eft hii At Wyncheftre he was ybured, as he jut lyf fere.
come. Hys tueye fores he jef ys lond, as he byjet ham ere.
And deftrude Kental out, and Londone nome. Adelbold, the eldore, fe kynedom of Eftfex,
an ten jer f ac lond hii
f us al brojte fer doune, And fuffe Adelbryjt, Kent and Weftfex.
So fat in fe tefe jer of fe kynge's croune,
Eyjte hondred jer yt was and feuene and fyfty al fo,
Al byfoufe hii come alond, and fet folc of Somer- After fat God anerfe com, fat fys dcde was ydo.
fete
Bofe hii wufte by her tyme wel her kynedom,
f oru f e byflbp Alcfton and fet folc of Dorfete At fe vyfte jer Adelbold out of fys Jyue nome.
6 At
 THE HISTORY OF THE
At Sfyrcbourne he was ybured, & y-s broker Adel- Tueye batayles her after in fe fulf jere
Hii fmyte, and at bofe fe hefene mayftres were."
bryjt
His kynedom adde after hym, as lawe was and rygt. fe kyng Aldered fone f o fen wey of def nome,
By ys daye f e verde com of fe hefene men wel prout, As yt vel, f e vyfty jer of ys kynedom.
And Hamteflyre and deftrude Wyncheftre al out. At Wymbourne he was ybured, as God gef fat cas,
And fat lond folc of HamteflTyre her red fo nome fe gode Alfred, ys brofer, after hym kyng was.
And of BarcfTyre, and fojte and fe flrewen ouer-
come.
AdelbryTt was kyng of Kent jeres folle tene,
And of Weftfex bote vyue, f o he dcyde ych wene. ^A LFRED,nom he
fys noble man, as infejerof grace

Eyjte.hondred & fyxty &

tuelue fe kynedom.
Arit he adde at Rome ybe, &, vor ys grete wyfdom,
A DEL RED was after hym kyng y mad in
fe fe pope Leon hym bleflede, fo he f uder com,
place, And fe kynge's crouneof hys lond, fat in fys lond
Eygtehondred&feuene&fyxty as infejerof grace. jut ys :

J?e
vorfte jer of ys kynedom'fe Deneys f ycke com, And he led hym to be kyng, ar he kyng were ywys.
And robbede and deftrude, and cytes vafte nome. An he was kyng of Engelond, of alle fat fer come,
Mayftres hii adde of her oft, as yt were dukes, tueye, fat vorft f us ylad was of f e pope of Rome,
Hynguar and Hubba, fat flrewen were beye. An fuff e of er after hym of f e erchebyflbpes echon.
In Eft Angle byleuede, to rett hem as yt were,
hii So fat hyuor hym pore kyng nas fer non.
Myd her oftfe wynter, of fe vorft jerc.
al In f e Souf fyde of Temefe nyne batayles he nome
feoferger hii dude hem
vorf , ouer Homber come, & Agen f e Deneys fe vorft ger of ys kynedom.
&
And flowe to grounde barnde, &Euerwyk nome. Nye Ter he was fus in fys lond in batayle 82 in wo,
fer was batayle ftrong y nou, vor yflawe was fere An ofte fybe aboue was, and bynef e oftor mo ;

Ofryc kyng of Homberlond, monye fat with hym& So longe, fat hym nere by leuede bote f re fiyren in
were. ys hond,
JJQ Homberlond was f us yflend, hii wende tounes & Hamteflyre, and Wylteflyre, and Somerfete, of al
nome. ys lond.
So fat atte lafte to Eftangle
ajen hym come. A day as he wery was, and afuoddrynge hym nome
J?cr
hii barnde & robbede, and fat folc to grounde And ys men were ywend auyfief , Seyn Cutbert to
flowe, hym com.
wolues hem to drowe. " Icham," "'Cutbert, to be
And, as among flep, reulych hefeyde, ycham ywend
& " To God ycham
Seynt Edmond was fo her kyng, fo he ley fat brynge f gode tytynges. Fram
e
deluol cas r
yfend.
me morf rede fo fat folc, & non amendementnas, " Vor
fat folc of fys lond to fynne her wylle
al
fat
He ches leuere to deye hymfulf, fat fuch Ibrwe to jeue,
" And herto her fynnes byleue
yfey. jut nolle
He dude hym vorf among hys " me &
fon, nolde he nof yg foru ofer halewen, fat in fys lond were
fle.
ybore ;
"
Hii nome hym & fcourged hym, & fuffe naked fan vor gou byddef God, wanne we bef hym
hym bounde byuore,
To & to hym fibre, & made hym mony a " Hour Louerd
a tre, myd ys cyen of milce on fe lokef
wounde, feruore,
e arewe were on hym "
fat f f o fycce, fat no ftede Andfypoer fe wole jyue ajen, fat fou aft ney
nas byleuede. verlore.
Atte lafte hii martred hym, and fmyteof y-s heued. " And of fof yfe, flak abbe
fat fou fer fou
f e fyxte jer of fe crounement of Aldered be kyng tokynynge.
A oft com
into fys lond, gretforu allefj'ng, " Vor
nywe men, fat bef ago to day auyflynge,
And anon to Redynge robbede and flowe. " In fym & in coufles fo muche vyls hii Ifolde
lepes
?e
king and Alfred ys brofer nome men ynowe, hym brynge,
Mette hem, and a batayle fmyte vp Aflefdoune. " ech man wondry fial of fo gret cacchynge.
fat
er was mony moder chyld, fat fonelay
ferdoune.
*'
And fe mor vor fe harde vorrte, fat fe water
?c batayle yUfte vorte
ny^t, and fer were aQawe yfrore hys,
"
Vyf dukes of Denemarch, ar hii wolde wyf drawe, fat be more ajcn f e kunde of vyflynge yt ys.
And mony foufend of of er men, fo gonne hii & " Of (erueyt welajenGoJ, andylefmeys meflager,
to fle " And
-,
fou flail
f y wylle abyde, as ycham ytold
Ac hii adde alle ybc aflend, gyf f e ny^t madde y be. her."
As
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
As kyng herof awoc, and. of fys fyjte fojte,
fys
And fat ech man knewe ofer fat in tefynge were,
Hys'vyiiares come to hym,
& fo gret won of fyfs And wufte fomdel of her flat, jyf me f u vp hem here.
hym brojte,
So flreyt he was, fat fey me ledde amydde weyes
fat wonder yt was, & namelyche vor f e weder was heye
fo colde. Seluer, fat non man ne dorfte yt nyme, fey he yt
fo lyuedefe god man vvel, fat Seyn Cutbert
adde feye.
ytold. Abbeys he rerde mony on, and mony ftudes ywys.
In Deuenyflyre fer after aryuede of Deneys Ac Wyncheftrye he rerde on, fat nywe munllre

f re and tuenty JTypuol men,

all ycluped
ajen fe peys, ys.
kynge's brofer of Denemarch due of oft was. Hys lyf eyTte and tuenty jer in ys kynedom ylafte.
fe
Oure kynge's men of Engelond mette hem by cas, After ys def he wos ybured at Wynciieftreatte lafte.

And fmyte fer an batayle, and her gret due flowe,

And eyjte hondred & fourty men, & her caronyes
to drowe. Sir John Mandeville wrote, as he himfelf informs

fo kyng Alfred hurde fys, ys

herte gladede fo, us, in the fourteenth century, and his work, which
lond folc to hym come fo f ycke fo yt inygte go, comprifing a relation of many different particulars,
fat
Of Somerfcte, of Wyltefiyre, of Hamteflyre ferto, confequently required the ufe of many words and
Euere as he wende, and of ys owe folc al fo. phrafes, may be properly fpecified
in this place.
So he adde poer ynou, and atte lade hii come,
fat
Of the following quotations, I have chofen the firft,
And a batayle at Edendone ajen fe Deneys nome. becaule it fliows, in fome meafure, the ftate of Eu-
And flowe to grounde, &
wonne fe mayftre of the ropean fcience as well as of the Englifh tongue j and
velde. the fecond, becaufe it is valuable for the force of
fe kyng & ys grete duke bygonne hem to jelde thought and beauty of exprefllon.
To fe kyng Alfred
to ys wylle, and oftages toke,
Vorto wende out of ys lond, gyf he yt wolde loke ; TN that lond, ne in many othere bezonde that,
And jut ferto, vor ys loue, to auonge Criftendom. no man may fee the fterre tranfmontane, that
Kyng Gurmnnd, fe hexte kyng, vorft fer to come. is
clept the fterre of the fee, that is unmevable,
Kyng Alfred ys godfader was. &
ybaptyfed ek fer and that is toward the Northe, that we clepen
were the lode fterre. But men feen another fterre, the
f retty of her hexte dukes, and muche of fat folc fere contrarie to him, that is toward the Southe, that
Kyng Alfred hem huld wyf hym tuelf dawes as he is
clept Antartyk. And right as the fchip men
hende, taken here avys here, and governe hem be the lode
And fuffe he jef hem large jyftes, and let hym fterre, right fo don fchip men bezonde the parties,
wende. be the fterre of the Southe, the which fterre ap-
Hii, fat nolde Criftyn be, of lande flowe fo, perethc not to us. And this fterre,that is toward
And byjonde fee in France dude wel muche wo. the Northe, that wee clepen the lode fterre, ne
gut }?e flrewen come a jen, and muche wo here wrojte. apperethe not to hem. For whiche caufe, men may
.Acfekyng Alfredatte lafte to (Tame hem euere brojte. wel perceyve, that the lond and the fee ben of
Kyng Alfred was fe wyfoft kynj, fat long was rownde fchapp and forme. For the partie of the
byuore. firmament fchewethe o contree, that ichewethc
in
Vor fey mefegge felawes bef in worre tyme vorlore, not in another contree. And men may well preven
Nas yt nojt fo hiis daye. vor fey he in worre were, be experience and fotyle compaflement of wytt, that
Lawes he made ryjtuollore, and ftrengore fan er zif a man fond paflages be fchippes, that wolde go
were. to ferchen the world, men myghte go be fchippe
Clerc he was god ynou, and jut, as me tellef me, alle aboute the world, and aboven and benethen.
He was more fan ten jer old, ar he coufe ys abece. The whiche thing I prove thus, aftre that J have
Ac ys gode moder oite fmale jyftes hym tok, feyn. For I have been toward the parties of Bra-
Vor to byleue ofer pie, and loky on ys boke. ban, and beholden the Artrolabre, that the fterre
So fat by por clergyc ys ryjt lawes he wonde, that is
clept the tninfmontayne, is 53 degrees highe.
fat neueie cr nere y mad, to gouerny ys lond. And more forthere in Almayne and Bewme, it
And vcr f e worre was fo muche of fe lufer Deneys, hathe 58 degrees. And more
forthe toward the
fe menof fys fulue lond were of fc worfe peys. parties leptemtrioneles, 62 degrees of hcghte,
it is

And robbede and flowe of ere, feruor he byuonde, and certyn mynutes. For 1 my felf have mefured
fat fer were hondredcs in eche contreye of ys lond, it
by the Aftrolabre. No'/ fchulle.ze knowe, that
And in ech toune of fe hondred a tefynge were alfo, azcn the Tranlmontaync, is the tother fterre, that
And fat ech man wyf oute gret lond in tefynge were is
clept Antanyke-,
as I have feyd before. And
ydo, tho 2 fterres ne mecven neverc. And be hem
VOL. I. f turneth?
 THE HISTORY OF THE
turnethe alle the firmamenr, righte as dothe a wheel,
that turnethe be his axille tree: fo that tho fterres
beren the firmament in 2 egalle parties; fo that it
h.ithe als mochel aboven, as it hath benethen. Afire
this, I hsve gon toward the parties meridionales,
that is toward the Southe and I have founden,
: round forme and fchapp, as I have feyd beforn-.
that in Lybye, men feen firft the fterre Antartyk.
And !b fer I have gon more in tho contrees, that I
have founde that fterre more highe fo that to-
ward the highe Lybye, it is 1 8 degrees of hcghte,
and ctrteyn rtiinutes (of the whiche, 60 minutes
maken a degree) after goynge be fee and be londe,
toward this contree,'of that I have fpoke, and to
other yles and londes bezonde that concree, I have
founden the fterre Antartyk of 33 degrees of
heghte, and mo mynutes. And zif I hadde had
and for to go more bezonde,
companye fchippynge,
I trowe wel in certyn, that wee fcholde have feen
alle the roundnefle of the firmament alle aboute.
For as I have feyd zou be forn, the half of the
firmament is betwene tho 2 fterres the whiche
halfondelle I have
feyn. And of the other halron-
delle, I have feyn toward the Northe, undre the
Tranfmontane 62 degrees and 10 mynutes; and
toward the partie meridionalle, I have feen undre
the Antartyk 33 degrees and 16 mynutes and
thanne the halfondelle of the firmament in alle, ne
holdethe not but 180 degrees. And of tho 180, I
have feen 62 on that o parr, and 33 on that other
part, that ben 95 degrees, and nyghe the halfondelle
of a dearee ; and fo there ne faylethe but that I
have teen alle the firmament, faf 84 degrees and
the halfondelle of a degree ; and that is not the
fourthe part of the firmament. For the 4 partie of
the roundnefle of the firmament holt 90 degrees
fo there faylethe but 5 degrees and an half, of the
fourthe partie. And a!fo I have leen the 3 parties
of alle the roundntffe of the firmament, and more
zit 5 degrees and an half. Be the whiche I feye
zou certrynly, that men may envirowne alle the
erthe of alie the world, as wel undre as aboven,
and turnen azcn to his contree, that hadde com-
panye and fchippynge and conduyt: and alle weyes
he fcholde fynde men, londes, and yles, als wel as
in this contree. For zee wyten welle, that ihei
that ben toward the Antartyk, thei ben ftreghte,
feet azen feet of hem, that dwellen undre the Tranf-
montane ; als wel as wee and thci that dwellyn
undre us, ben feet azenft feet. For al!e the parties
of Ice and of lond han here appofuees, habitables
or trepiffibles, and thei of this half and bezond
half. And
wytethe wel, that afire that, th.it I
may parceyve and comprehende, the londes of
Freftre John, emperour of Ynde ben undre us.
For in goynge from Scotlonu or from b.nglond to-
ward Jc-rufalem, men gon upward alweys. For
cure lond is in tlitc- lowe pattic of the tribe, toward
the Weft: and the lond of Preftre John is the lov/e
partie of the erthe, toward the Eft and thei han :
there the day, whan wee have the nyghte, and alfo
highe to the contrarie, thei han the nyghte, whan
wee ban the day. For the erthe and the fee ben of
And than that men gon upward to o coft, men gon
dounward to another coft. Alfo zee have herd me
; feye, that Jerufalem is in the myddes of the world;
and that may men preven and Ichewen there, be a
fpere, that is pighte in to the erthe, upon the hour
of mydday, whan it is equenoxium, that fchewethe
no fchadwe on no fyde. And that it fcholde ben,
in the myddes of the world, David wytnefifethe it
in the Pfautre, where he feythe, Deus
operatus eft
falute in medio terre. Thanne thei that parten fro
the parties of the Weft, for to go toward Jerufa-
lem, als many iorneyes as thei gon upward for to
go thidre, in als many iorneyes may, thei gon fra
Jerufalem, unto other confynyes of thefuperficialtie
: of the erthe bezonde. And whan men gon bezonde
tho iourneyes, towarde Ynde and to the foreyn yles,
alle is
envyronynge the roundneffe of the erthe and
of the fee, undre oure contrees on this half. And
therfore hathe it befallen many tymes of o
thing,
: that I have herd cownted, whan I was zong ; how
a worthi man departed fometyme from oure con-
trees, for togoferche the world. And fo he pafied
Ynde, and the yles bezonde Ynde, where ben mo
than 5000 yles and fo longe he wente be fee and
:
lond, and fo enviround the world be many feyfons,.
that he fond an yle, where he herde fpeke his owne
langage, callynge on oxen in the p!ow;he, fuche
wordes as men fpeken to beftes in his own contree:
: whereof he hadde gret mervayle: for he knewe
not how it myghte be. But I feye, that he had
gon fo longe, .be londe and be fee, that he hail
envyround alle the erthe, that he was comen azet\
cnvirounynge, that is to
feye, goynge aboute, un-
to his pwne marches, zif he wolde have pafled
forthe, til he had founden his contree and his owne
knouleche. But he turned azen from thens, from
whens he was come fro ; and fo he lofte moche,
peynefulle labour, as him felf leyde, a gret while
aftre, that he was comen horn. For it- befclle aftre,
that he wente in to Norweye; and there
tempett of
the fee toke him; and he arryved in an yle; and
whan he was in that yle, he knew wel, that it was
the yle, where he had herd fpeke his owne lan-
gage before, and the callynge of the oxen at the
plowghe and that was poflible thinge. But how
:
it femethe to
fymple men unlerned, that men n&
mowe not go ur.cire the erthe, and alfo that men
icholde falle towarde the hcvene, from undre But !
that n^ay not be, upon lefie, than wee mowe f.iile
toward hevene, fro the erthe, where wee ben. For
Iro what partie of the erthe, that men du.MIe,
outher
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
outher aboven or benethen, it femethe alweyes to codynge to hem, ne ben not in the fuperficyalte
hem that duellen, that thei gon more righte than cownted aboven the erthe; as it fchewethe be alle
ony other folk. And righte as it femethe to us, the bokes of aftronomye. For the fuperficialtee of
that thti ben undre us, righte fo it femethe hem, the ertheis
departed in 7 parties, for the 7 planetes:
that wee ben undre hem. For zif a man myghte and tho parties ben clept cly mares. And oure par-
falie fro the erthe unto the firmament; be grettere ties be not of the 7~clymates: for thei ben defcend-

rdbun, the erthe and the fee, that ben fo grete and ynge toward the Weft. And alfo thofe yles of
fo hevy, fcholde fallen to the firmament: but that Ynde, which beth evene azenft us, beth noghc
may not be: and therfore feithe cure Lord God, reckned in the clymates for thei ben azenft us,
:

Non timeas me, qui fufpcndi terra ex nichilo? And that ben in the lowe contree. And the 7 clymates
alle be it, that it be pofiible thing, that men may ftrecchen hem envyrounynge the world.
fo envyronne al!e the world, natheles of a 1000

perfones, on
ne myghte not happen to returnen in
to his contree. For, for the gremefie ot the erthe
and of the fee, men may go be a 1000 and- a 1000
other weyes, that no man cowde reyde him perfmly
toward the parties that he cam fro, but zif it were
be aventure and happ, or be the grace of God.
For the erthe is fulle large and fulle gret, and holt
in roundnefie and aboute envyroun, be aboven and
be benethen 20425 myles, aftre the opynyoun of
the old wife aftronomeres. And here feyenges I
II. And I John Maundevylte knyghteabovefeyd,
(alle thoughe I be unworthi) that departed from
ouie contrees and patted the fee, the zeer of grace
1322. that have pafied manye londes and manye
yles and contrees, and cerched manye fulle ftraunge
places, and have ben in many a fulle gode ho-
nourable companye, and at many a faire dede of
armes, (alle be it that 1 elide none mylelf, for myn
unable infuffiftnce) now I am comen horn (mawgree
my lelf) for gowces, artetykes, that me
to refte :

repreve noughte. But afcre my lytylle wyt, it diftreynen, tho dirTynen the ende of my labour,
femethe me, favynge here reverence, that it is azenft my wille (God knowethe.) And thus tak-
more. And for to have bettere underftondynge, I ynge folace in my wrecched rcfte, rccordynge the
fcye thus, be ther ymagyned
a figure, that hathe a tyme patted, I have fulfilled tlieife thingcs and
gret compas;
and aboute the poynt of the gret putte hem wryten in this boke, as it wolde come
compas, that is clept the centre, be made another in to my mynde, the zeer of grace 1356 in the 34
litille compas: than aftre, be the gret compafs cle- zeer that I
departede from oure contrees. Wher-
vifed be lines in manye parties j and that alle the fore preye to alle the redcres and hereres of tnis
I

lynes meeten at the centre ; fo that in as many boke, zif it plcfe hem, that thei wolde preyen to
parries, as
the grete compas fchal be departed, God for me and I fchalle preye for hem.
: And
in als manye, fchallebe departed the litille, that alle tho that feyn for me a. Pater nofter, with an
is aboute the centre, alle be it, that the fpaces Ave Maria, that God forzeve me my fynncs, I
ben kfle. Now thanne, be the gret compas repre- make hem partneres and graunte hem part of alle
fented for the firmament, and the litille cornpas the gode pilgrymages and of alle the gode dedes,

represented for the erthe. Now thanne the firma- that I have don, zif ony be to his p!dance and :

ment is devyied, be aftronomeres, in 12
and every figne is devyfed in 30 degrees,
360 degrees, that the firmament hathe aboven.
Alf, be the erthe devyfed in als many parties, as
the firmament-, and let every partye anfwere to a
degree of the firmament: and wytethe it wel, that
aftre the au&oures of aftronomye, 700 furlonges of
erthe anfweren to a degree of the firmament i and
tho ben 87 miles and 4 furlonges. Now be that
here multipiyed be 360 fuhes; and then thei ben
315000 myles, every of 8 furlonges, aftre myles of
oure contree. So moche hathe the erthe in round-
neffi-, and of heghte enviroun, aftre myn opynyoun
and myn undirftondynge. And zee Ichulieundir-
ftonde, that aftre the opynyoun of olde wife philofo-
phres and aftronomeres,
oure contree ne Irelond ne
Wales ne Scotlond ne Norweye ne the other yles
fignes ; noghte only of tho, but of alle that evere I fchalle
that is do unto my lyfes ende. And. I befeche Almyghty
God, fro whom alle godentfle and grace comcthe
fro, that he vouchefaf, of his excellent mercy and
habundant grace, to fulle fyUe hire foules with infpi-
racioun of theHolyGoft, in makynge defence of alle
hire goftly enemyes here in erthf , to hire falvacioun,
botheof body andfoule; toworfchipeandthankynge
of him, that is three and on, with otiten begynnyngc
and withouten endynge; that is, with outen qua-
Htee, good, and with outen quantytee, gret ; that
in alle places is prefent, and alle thinges
contenyn-
ynge , the whiche that no goodneffe may amende,
ne non evelle empeyre; that in perfeyte trynytee
lyvethe and regtiethe God, be alle worldes and be
alle tymes. Amen, Amen, Amen.

The
 THE HISTORY OF THE
The of our authours, who can be properly The hiftoryof our language is now
firft brought to the
&id to have written Englijb, was Sir John Cower, point which
at the hiftory of our poetry is generally
who, in his Confeffion of a Lover, calls Chaucer his dif- fuppofed to commence, the time of the illuftrious
ciplc, and may therefore be confidercd as the father Geoffry Chaucer, who may, perhaps, with great juf-
of our poetry. tice, be ftiled the firft of our verfifiers who wrote

poetically.
He does not, however, appear to have
for to fpeke of the commune, deferved all the praifc which he has received^ or all
It is to drede of that fortune, the cenfure that he has fuffered. Dryden, who,
Whiche hath befalle in fondrye londcs: miftaking genius for learning, in confidence of his
But ofte for dcfaute of bondes abilities, ventured to write of what he had not ex-
All fodeinly, er it be wift, amined, afcribes to Chaucer the firft refinement of
A tunne, when his lie arift our numbers, the firft production of eafy and natural
Tobreketh, and renneth all aboute, rhymes, and the improvement of our language, by
WhKhe els fhulde nought gone out. words borrowed from the more polifhed languages
And eke full ofte a littell fkare of the continent. Skinner contrarily blames him in
Vpon a banke, er men be ware, harfh terms for having vitiated- his native fpeech by
Let in the ftreme, whiche with gret peine, whole cartloads of foreign words. But he that reads
If any man
mall rcftreine.
it the works of Cower will find fmooth numbers and
Where lawe
errour groweth.
faillcth, eafy rhymes, of which Chaucer is fuppofed to have
He is not wile, who that nc troweth, been the inventor, and the French words, whether
For it hath proued oft er this. good or bad, of which Chaucer is charged as the
And thus the common clamour is importer. Some innovations he might probably
In euery londe, where people dwelleth: make, like others, in the infancy or our poetry,
And eche in his complainte telleth, which the paucity of books does not allow us to dif-
How that the worlde is mifwent, covcr with particular exadnefs ; but the works of
And thervpon his argument Cower and Lydgate fufficiently evince, that his dic-
Yeueth euery man in fondrie wife: tion was in general like that of his
contemporaries :

But what man wolde him felfe auife and feme improvements he undoubtedly made
by
His confcience, and nought mifufe, the various dilpofitions of his rhymes, and
by the
He maie well at the firft excufe mixture of different numbers, in which he feerr.s to
His god, whiche euer ftant in one, have been happy and judicious. I have felecled
In him there is defaute none feveral fpecimens both of his profe and verfe ; and
So muft it (land vpon vs felue, among them, part of his tranflation of Boetius, to
Nought only vpon ten ne twelue, which another verfion, made in the time of queen
But plenarly vpon vs all. Man, is It would be
oppoied. improper to quote
For man is caufe of that fliall fall.
very f;>aringly an author of fo much reputation, or
to make very large extracts from a book fo
gene-
rally known.

CHAUCER. C O L V I L E.
ALAS! I
wepyng am conftrained to begin verfe T THAT in tyme of and floryming
** of forowfull matter, that whilom in A profperite,
florilhyng ftudye, made- plcalaunte and delectable dities,
ftudie made delitable ditees. For lo rendyng !
orverfcs: alas now beyng heauy and fad ouer-
mufes of a Poetes editen to me thinges to be throwen in atinerfi<ie, am compelled to fele and taft
writcn, and drerie teres. At lafte no drede ne htuines and greif. Beholde the mufes Poeticall,
might overcame tho mules, that thci ne werren fei- that is to iaye : the pleafure that is in
poetes
Jowes, and foloweden my wate, that is to faie, verfes, do appoynt me, and compel me to writ
when I was exiled, thei that weren of my youth thei'e verfes in meter, and the forowfull verfes
do
whilom wclfull and grene, comforten now forow- wet wretched race with very
my waterye teares,
full weirdes of me olde man : for elde is comen yffuinge out ofmy eyes for forowe. Whiche mufes
unwarely upon me, hafted by the harmes that I no ieare without doute could ouercome, but that
have, and forowe hath commaunded his age to be they wold folow me in my iourncy of exile or ba-
in me. Hcres hore arcn (had overtimeliche upon nithrnent. Sometyme the ioy,e of happy and lufly
my lied and the flatke fkinne trembleth of mine
:
delectable youth dyd comfort me, and nowe the
empted bodie. Thilke deth of men is wclefull, rourfe of forowfull olde
age cauieth me to reioyie.
that he ne cometh not in yeres that be fwete, but For hafty old age vnloked for is come vpon me
5 cometh with
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
cometh to wretches often icleped : Alas, alas ! with al her incommodities and euyls, and forow
with how defe an ere deth cruell turneth awaie fro hath commaunded and bronghteme into the fame
and naieth for to clofe old age, that is to fay that forowe caufeth me to
wretches, wcpyng eyen. :

While fortune unfaithfull favoured me with light be oide, before my time come of olde age. The
that forowfull houre, that iaie, is to the hoer heares do growe vntimely vpon my heade,
godes,
deth, had almofte ('rente myne hedde but now : and my reuiled fkynne trembleth my flefh, cleans
for fortune cloudie hath chaunged her decevablc confumed and watte with forowe. Mannes death
chere to mewarde, myne unpitous life drawech is
happy, that cometh not in youth, when a man
along ungreable dwellynges.
O ye my frendes, is and in plealure or welth: but in time of
luftye,
what, or whereto avauntecl ye me to ben welfull ? aduerfuie, when it is often defyred. Alas Alas
For he that hath fallin, (lode in no ftedfaft degre. how dull and deffe be the eares of cruel death vnto
men in mifery that would fayne dye and yet re- :

fufythe to come and fhutte vp theyr carefull wep-

yng eyes. Whiles that falfe fortune fauoryd me
with her tranfitorye goodes, then the howre of
death had almoft ouercome me. That is to fay
deathe was redy to opprefTe me when I was in pro-

fperitie.
Nowe for by caufe that fortune beynge
turned, from profperitie into aduerfitie (as the clere
day is darkyd with cloudes) and hath chaungyd her
deceyuable countenaunce my wretched life is yet
:

prolonged and doth continue in dolour. my O

frendes why haue you fo often bofted me, fayinge
that was happy when I had honour pofieffions
I

riches, and authorise whych be tranfitory thynges.

He that hath fallen was in no ftedefaft degre.
TN the mene while, that record thefe thynges
I (till that I confiderydde pryuylye with
* with
my felf, and marked my wepelie complainte my the thynges before fayd, and defcry-
felfe
with of poincte!!
office I
faugh fiondyng aboven
: bed my wofull complaynte after the maner and
the hight of myn hed a woman of full grete reve- offyce of a wrytter, me thought I fawe a woman
rence, by femblaunt. Her eyen brennyng, and ftand ouer my head of a reuerend countenaunce,
clere, feyng over the common might of menne, hauyng quycke and glyftx-ryng clere eye, aboue
with a lively colour, and with foche vigour and the common of men in lyuely and delectable
forte

ftrength that it ne might not be nempned, all were coloure, and ful of ftrength, although fhe femed fo
it fo, that fhc were full of fo
grete age, that menne olde that by no meanes fhe is thought to be one of
wouldrn not trowcn in no manere, that fhe were of this oure tymc, her ftature is of douteful know-
our elde. ledge, for nowe fhe fhewethe herfelfe at the corn-
The ftature of her was of dourous Judgemente, men length or ftatur of men, and other whiles fhe
for fometyme (he conftrained and fhronke her felven, femeth fo high, as though Ihe touched heuen with
like to the common mefure of menne And fome- : the crown of her hed. And when fhe wold ttretch
it femed, that (he touched the heven with fourth her hed hygher, it alfo perced thorough
tyrre
the hight of her hedde. And when fhe hove her heauen, fo that mens fyghte coulde not attaine to
hedde higher, fhe perced the felf heven, fo that the behold her. Her veftures or cloths were perfyt of
fight of menne lokyng was in ydell her clothes : the finyfte thredes, and fubtyll workemanfhyp, and
wer maked of right delie thredes, and fubtel craft of fubltaunce permanent, whych vefturs fhe had
of perdurable matter. The whiche clothes fhe had wouen with her own hands as I pcrceyued after by
woven with her owne handes, as 1 knewe well after her owne faiynge. The kynde or beawtye of the
.

by her felf
declaryng, and fhewyng to me the whyche veftures, a certayne darkenes or rather ig-
beautie : The whiche clothes a darknefle of a for- noraunce of oldenes forgotten hadde obfcuryd and
leten and difpifed eldc had dufked and darked, as darkened, as the fmoke is wont to darken Images
it is wonte to darke
by fmoked Images. that ftand nyghe the fmoke. In the lower parte of
In the nethereft hemme and border of thefe the fa id veftures was read the greke letter P. wouen
clothes menne redde iwoven therein a Grekifhe A.
whych fignifyeth practife or aclyffe, and in the
that fignifieth the life adlive, and above that letter,
hygher partc of the veftures the greke letter T.
in ihe hieft bordure, a Grekifhe C. that for theorica, that fignifyeth fpecu-
fignifieth whych eftandeth
the life
contemplatifr. And betwcne thefe two lacion or contemplation. And betwene both the
VOL. I. letcers [ g ]
 THE HISTORY' OF THE
letters therewere feen degrees nobly wrought, in fayd letters were fcne certayne degrees, wrought
mancr of ladders, by whiche degrees menne might after the maner of ladders, wherein was as it were

climben from the ncthereft letter to the uuperert: a paflkge or waye in Iteppes or degrees from the

nathclefle handes of Ibme men hadden kcrve that
clothe, by violence or by ftrength, and evcriche
manne of 'hem had borne awaie ibche peces, as he
might getten. And forfothe this foriaied
woman
bare fniale bokes in her right hande, and in her left
hand (he bare a Icepter. And when (lie fawe thefe
Poeticall mufes approchyng about my bed, and
fhe was a litle
endityng wordes to my wtpynges,
amoved, and glowed with cruell cyen. Who (qS
ftie) hath fuffered approchen
to this fike manne
thele commen ftrompettes, of which is the place
that menne callen Theatre, the whiche onely ne
forowes with remedies, but ihei
afiwagen not his
would feden and norifhe hym with fvvete venime ?
Forfothe, that ben tho that with thornes, and
whiche that ben
prickynges of talentesof affeccions,
nothyng fructuous nor profitable, diftroien
tise
Come, plentuous of fruiites of refon. For thei
holden hertes of men in ufage, but thei ne deliver
no folke fro maladie. But if ye mules had with-
drawen fro me with your flatteries any unconnyng
and unprofitable manne, as ben wont to finde com-
menly emong the peple, I would well fuffre the
grcvoufly. For why,
lafie in foche an unprofitable
man myn ententes were nothyng endamaged. But
ye withdrowen fro me this man, that hath ben
nourifhed in my (Indies or fcoles of Eleaticis, and
of Academicis in Grece. But goeth now rather
awaie ye Mermaidens, whiche that ben fwete, till
it be at the laft, and luffreth this man to be cured
and heled by my mufes, that is to fay, by my note-
full fciences. And thus this companie of mufes
iblamed caften wrothly the chere dounward to the
yerth, and fhewing by rcdnefTe ther fhame, thei
pafTeden forowfully the threfholde. And I of whom
the fight piounged in teres was darked, fo that I ne
lower part wher the letter P. was which is vnder-
ftand from pmclys or aftyf, unto the hygher parts
wher the letter T. was whych is vnderftand fpecu-
lacion or contemplacion. Neuertheles the handes
of fome vyolente perlbnes had cut the faydc veftures
and had taken awaye certayne pecis thereof, fuch
as euery one coulde catch. And fhe her felre dyd
bare in her ryght hand litel bokes, and in her lefte
hande a fcepter, which forefayd phylofophy (when
fhe faw the mufes poetycal prefent at my bed, fpck-
yng forowiull wordes to my wepynges) beyng angry
fayd (with terrible or frownynge countenaunce) who
fuffred thefe crafty harlottes to com to
thys fycke
man ?
whych can help hym by no means of hys
griefe by any kind of medicines, but rather increaie
the fame with fwete poylbn. Thefe be they that
doo dyftroye the fertile and plentious commodytyes
of reafon and the fruytes therof wyth their pryck-
ynge thornes, or barren affecr.es, and accuftome or
fubdue mens myndes with fickenes, and heuynes,
and do not delyuer or heale them of the fame. But
yf your flatterye had conueyed or wythdrawen from
me, any vnlernyd man as the comen forte of people
are wonte to be, I coulde haue ben better con-
tentyd, for in that my worke fhould not be hurt or
hynderyd. But you haue taken and conueyed
from me thys man that hath ben broughte vp in the
ftudyes of Ariftotel and of Plato. But yet get you
hence maremaids (that feme fwete untyil you haue
brought a man to deathe) and fuffer me to heale
thys my man wyth my mu!es or fcyences that be
hollbme and good. And after that philoibphy had
fpoken thefe wordes the fayd companyeof the rmifys
poeticall beyng rebukyd and fad, cafte down their
countenaunce to the grounde, and by blufTyng con-
fefTed their fhamfaftnes, and went out of the dores.

might not know what that woman was, of fo Im- But I (that had my fyght dull and blynd wyth
I woxe all abalhed and ftonied,
perial aucthoritie, wepyng, fo that I knew not what woman this was
and caft my doune to the yerth, and begin
fight hauing foo great auc~thomie) was amafyd or afto-
ftill ibr to abide what fhe would doen afterward.
nyed,and lokyng downeward, towarde ihe grounde,
Then came fhe nere, and fct'her doune upon ;he I
began pryvylye to look what ihyng fhe would
uttereit corner of my bed, and fhe beholdyng my faye ferther, then fhe had laid. Then fhe ap-
chere, 'hat was caft to the yerth, hevie and grevous proching and drawynge nere vnto me, fat downe
of wei yng, complained with thele wordes (that I vpon the vftermoft part of my bed, and lokyng
(hall fame) the perturbacion of my thought. vpon my face fad with weping, and dcclynyd
toward the earth for Ibrow, bewayled the trouble of
my minde wyth thdt layinges folowynge.

The
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
he foriete it ones. And, Lowis, if it be fo that I
The conclufions of the ASTROLABIE. fhewe the in my lith as trew conclu-
Englifhe,
This book (written to his fon in the year
of our fions touching this mater, and not only as trewe

Lord 1391, =md in the 14 of King Richard II.) but as many and fubtil conclufions as ben yfhewed
ftandeth fogood at this day, efpecially for the in in any comon tretife of the aftrolabye,
latin,
horizon of Oxford, of the
as in the opinion conne me the more thanke, and praye God fave the
learned it cannot be amended, fays an Edit, of kinge, thaj is lorde of this langage, and all that
Chaucer. him faith bereth, and obeieth everiche in his de-
gree, the more and the laffe. But confydredi
well by ne not to have founden this
Lowys my fonne, perceve I well, tha,t I
LYTEL evidences
certainethyne abylyte to lerne fcy-
ufurpe
werke of my labour or of myne engin. I n'ame
ences, touching nombres and proporcions, and but a leude compilatour of the laboure of olde
alfo well coniydre I thy bcfye prayer in efpecyal aflrologiens, and have it tranflated in myn englifhe
to lerne the tretyfe of the aftrolabye. Than for onely for thy dodlrine and with this fwerde fhal
:

as inoche as a philofopher faithe, he wrapeth hym I flene envy.

in his frende, that condi'cendeth to the ryght-
therfore I have given
full prayers of his frende The
:
firft
party.
the a fufficient aftrolabye for oure orizont, com-
powned after the latitude of Oxenforde : upon the The firft partye of this tretife fhal reherce the
whiche by mediacion of this lytell tretife, I
pur- figures, and the membres of thyne aftrolaby, by-
p;jfe
to teche the a certaine nombre of conclufions, caufe that thou fhalte have the greter knowinge of
to this fame inftrumcnt. 1 fay a cer- thine owne inftrument.
pertainynge
taine nombre of conclufions for thre caufes, tlve
firft cauie Trufte wel that al the conclufions
is this.
The feconde party.
that have be founden, or ells poffiblye might be
founde in fo noble an inftrument as in the aftro- Thfeconde partye fhal teche the to werken the
labye, ben unknowen perfitely to anye mortal man very praftike of the forefai.1 conclufidns, as fer-
in region, as I fuppofe.
this Another caufe . forche and alfo narowe as may be fnewed in fo
this, that fothely in any cartes of the aftrolabye fmale an inftrument portatife aboute. Fur wel
that I have yfene, ther ben fome conclufions, that wote every aftrologien, thai, .fmalleft fractions ne
wol not in al thinges perfourme ther beheftes: and wol not be fhewe 1 in fo irrul an inftrument,, as in
fome of 'hern ben to harde to thy tender age of fubtil tables cacuisd for a caufe.
ten yere to conceve. This tretife divided in five
wil 1 fhewe the wondir -light rules and
partes,
naked wordes in Englifhe, for Latine ne canft The PROLOGUE of the TESTAMENT of LOVE.
thou nat yet but fmale, my litel fonne. But ne- l

verthcleffe fuffifeth to the thefe trewe conclufyons

"JV/TANY men there ben, that with eres openly
^-*-
in Englifhe, as wel as fuffifeth to thefe noble fprad fo moche fwalowen the delicioufneffe of
clerkes grekes theie fame conclufyons in greke, jeftes and of ryme, by queint knittinge coloures,
and to the Arabines in Arabike, and to Jewes that of the godeneffe or of the badneffe of the fen-
in Hebrewe, and to the Latin folke in Latyn: tence take they Jitel hede or els none.
whiche Latyn folke had 'hem firfte out of other di- Sothelye dulle witte and a thoughtfulle foule fo
vers langa^es, and write 'hem in ther owne tonge, fore have mined and graffed in my fpirites, that
that is to laine in Latine. foche craft of enditinge woll ben of mine nat
And God wote that in all thefe langages and in acquaintaunce. And for rude wordes and boiftous
have thefe conclufyons ben fufficientlye
manyc mo, percen the herte of the herer to the inreft point, and
lerned and taug-n, and yet by divers rules, right planten there the fentence of thinges, fo that with
as divers pathes leden divers folke the right waye litel helpe it is able to fpring, this boke, that no-
to Rome. thynge hath of the grete fiode of wytte, ne of
Now wol I pray mekely every perfon difcrete, femelyche colours, is dolven with rude wordes and
that redeth or hcreth this lityl tretife to have my boiftous, and fo drawe togiSer to maken (he catch-
rude ententing excufed, and my fuperfluite of ers therof ben the more redy to hent fentence.
wordes, for two caufes. The firft caufe is, for Some men there ben, that painten wirh colours
that curious endityng and harde fentences is ful fome with wers,
riche arid as with red inke, and
hevy at ones, for loch a childe to lerne. And the fome with coles and chalke : and yet is there gode
feconde caufe is ihis, that fothely me femeth better matter to the leude peple of thylke chalkye pur-
to writen unto a childe twife a gode fentence, than treyture, as 'hem thinketh for the time, and after-
5 ward
 THE HISTORY OF THE
ward the fyght of the better colours yeven to 'hem
more joye for the firft leudnefle. So fothly this
leude clowdy occupacyon is not to prayfe, but by
the leude, for comenly leude leudenefie commend-
eth. Eke it fhal yeve fight that other precyous
In Latin
thynges (hall be the more in reverence.
and French hath many foveraine wittes had grete
noble thinges ful-
delyte to endite, and have many
filde,but certes there ben fome that fpeken ther
of whiche fpeche the
poifye mater in Frenche,
Frenche men have as gode a fantafye as we
have in heryng of Frenche mens Englifhe. And
many termes there ben in Englyfhe, whiche
unneth we Englifhe men connen declare the
knowleginge : howe fliould than a Frenche man
borne ? loche termes connejumpere in his matter,
but as the jay chatereth Englifhe. Right fo truely
the underftandyn of tnglifhmen woll not ftretche
to the privie termes in Frenche, what fo ever we
boften of ftraunge langage. Let then clerkes en-
diten in Latin, for they have the propertie of
fcience, and the knowinge in that facultie: and
lette Frenche men in ther Frenche alfo enditen ther
queint termes, for it Js Jcyndcly to ther mouthes ;
and let us fhewe our fantafies in fuch wordes as we
lerneden of our dame's tonge. And although this
boke be lytel thank worthy for the leudnefie in
travaile,yet loch writing exiten men to thilke
thinges that ben necefiarie; for every man therby
may by perpetual myrrour fene the vices or ver-
as a mile yet ferther, and over that he had power of
tues of other, in whyche thynge lightly may be
conceved to efchue perils, and necefTaries to catch,
after as aventures have fallen to other peple or
perfons.
Certes the foverainft thinge of defire and mod
creture refonable, have or els fhuld have full ap-
petite to ther perfeccyon unrefonable beftes
: fcorne and jape of me, that I fo unworthely clothed
mowen not, lithe rclbn hath in 'hem no workinge :
than relonablc that wol not, is companioned to un-
refonable, and made lyke 'hem. Forfothe the moll
foveraine and finall perfeccion of man is in know-
ynge of a fothe, withouten any entent decevable,
and in love or. one very God, that is inchaungeable,
ihat is to knowe, and love his creator.
Nowe principally the mene to brynge in know-
leging and lovynge his creatour, is the confidera-
<yon of thynges made by the creatour, wher through
by thylke thinges that ben made, underltandynge
here to our wyttes, arne the unlene pryvities of
God made to us fyghtfull and knowinge, in our
contemplacion and underftondinge. Tueie thinges
than forfothe moche bringen us to the ful know-
leginge lot he, and to the parfyte love of the maker
ot luvenly thynges. Lo! David faith: thou hade
dclittd me in makinge 3 as who faith, to have delice
in the tune how God hat lent me in confideracion
of thy makingc. Wherof Ariftotle in the boke
de Animalibus, faith to naturell
philofophers: it is
a grete likynge in love of knowinge ther cretoure:
and allo in knowinge of caufes in kindelye
thynges,
confidrid forfothe the formes of kindelye
thinges
and the map, a gret kyndely love we fhulde have
to the werkman that 'hem made. The crafte of a
werkman is fhewed in the werk. Herefore trulie
the philofopliers with a lyvely ftudie manic noble
thinges, righte precious, and worthy to memorye,
writen, and by a gret fwet and travaille to us leften
of caufes the properties in natures of thinges, to
whiche therfore philofophers it was more joy, more
lykinge, mere herty luft in kindely vertues and
matters of refon the perfeccion by bufy
ftudy to
knowe, than to have had all the trefour, al the
richefTe, al the value glory, that the pafled empe-
rours, princes, or kinges hadden. Therfore the
names of 'hem in the boke of
perpetuall memorie
in vertue and pece arne writen ; and in the con-
trarie, that is to faine, in Styxe the foule pitte of
helle arne thilke preffed that foch
godenes hated.
And bicaufe this boke fhall be of love, and the,
prime caufes of ftering in that doinge with paf-
fions and diiefes for wantinge of defire, I wil that
this boke be cleped the teftament of love.
But nowe thou reder, who is thilke that wilt not
in fcorne laughe, to here a dwarfe or els halfe a
man, fay he will rende out the fwerde of Hercules
handes, and alfo he fhulde fet Hercules G.ides a
ftrengch to pull up the fpere, that Alifander the
noble might never wagge, and that pafimge al
thinge to ben mayfter of Fraunce by might, there
as the noble gracious 1'dwarde the thirde for al his
grete prowefTe in victories nc might al yet conquere?
Certes I wote well, ther fnall be made more
altogither in the cloudie cloude of unconning, wil
putten me in prees to Ipeke of love, or els of the
caufes in that matter, fuhen al the grettefl clerkes
han had- ynough to don, and as who faith gathered
up clene loforne 'hem, and with ther lharp fithes of
conning al mowen and made therof grete rekes and
noble, tul of al plenties to fede me and many an
other. Envye forfothe cornmendeth noughte his
relon, that he hath in hain, be it never fo trulty.
And although thefe noble repers, as gode work-
men and worthy ther liier, han draw ami bounde
al
up in the Iheves, and made many fhockes, yet have
1 enfample to ga'Ser the fmale crommes, and fullin
ma walet of tho that fallen from the bourde
among
the fmalle houndes, notwithstanding the travaile of
the almoigner, that hach draw up in the cloth al
the remiff.tilcs, as trenchours, and the relele to
bere to the almefle. Yet alfo have I levc of the
noble hufbande Boece, although I be a llraunger
of conninge to come after his doctrine, and thefe
grete
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
grete workmen, and glene my handfuls of the And made forward erli for to rife,

fhedynge after ther handes, and yf me faile ought To take our weye, ther as I did devife.
of my ful, to encrefe my porcion with that I fhal But nathlefs while that I have time and fpace,
drawe by privy ties out of fhockes; a flye fervaunte Er' that I farther in this tale pace,
in owne helpe is often moche commended ;
his Methinkith it accordaunt to refon,
knowynge of trouthe in caufes
of thynges, was To you alle the condition
tell

more hardier in ttoe firfte fechers, and Ib fayth Of ech of them, fo as it femid me,
Ariftotle, and lighter in us that han folowed after. And which they werin, and of what degree,
For ther parting ftudy han frelhed our wittes, and And eke in what array that they wer in :

cure underftandynge han excited in confideracion And at a knight then woll I firft
begin.
of trouth by fharpenes of ther reibns. Utterly
The KNIGHT.
thele thingcs be no dremes ne japes, to throwe to

hogges, it is lifelych
mete for children of trouth, Aknight ther was, and that a worthy man,
and as they me betiden whan I pilgramed out of That fro the time that he firft began

my kith in wintere, whan the wether out of mefure To ridin out, he lovid Chevalrie,
was and the wyld wynd Boreas, as his
bo'iftous, Trouth and honour, fredome and curtefy.
kind afketh, with dryinge coldes maked the wawes Full worthy was he in his lordis werre,
of the ocean fe Ib to arife unkindely over the com- And thereto had he riddin nane more ferre
mune bankes that it was in
point to fpill all the As well in Chriftendom, as in Hethnels j
erthe. And evyr honoured for his worthinefs.
At Aleflandre' he was whan it was won j
Full oft timis he had the bord begon
The PROLOGUES of the CANTERBURY TALES of
Abovin alle naciouns in Pruce ;
CHAUCER, from the MSS. In Lettow had he riddin, and in Luce,
\X7HEN
"
*
that Aprilis with his (houris fote, No Chriften-man fo oft of his degree
The drought of March had percid to the rote, In Granada ; in the fege had he be
And bathid every veyn in fuch licour, Of Algezir, and ridd in Belmary ;
Of which vertue engendrid is the flour. At Leyis war he, and at Sataly,
When Zephyrus eke, with his fwete breth Whan that they wer won ; and in the grete fee
Enfpirid hath, in every holt and heth At many'a noble army had he be :

The tender croppis ; and that the yong Sunn
Hath in the Ramm his halve cours yrunn :
And fmale foul is makin melodye,
That flepin alle night with opin eye,
(So prickith them nature in ther corage)
Then longin folk to go on pilgrimage
At mortal battails had he ben fiftene,
And foughtin for our feith at Tramefene,
In liftis thrys, and alwey flein his fo.
This ilke worthy knight hath ben alib
Sometimis with the lord of Palathy,
:
Ayens anothir hethin in Turky ;

And palmers for to fekin ftrange ftrondes, And evirmore he had a fov'rane prize ;

To fervin hallowes couth in fondry londes: And though that he was worthy, he was wife 5

And fpecially fro every fhir'is end And of his port as mtke as is a maid,
Of England, to Canterbury they wend, He nevir yet no villany ne faid
The holy blisfull martyr for to feke, In all his life unto no manner wight:
That them hath holpin, whan that they were fcke. He was a very parfit gentil knight.
Befell that in that iefon on a day But for to tellin you of his array,
In Southwerk at the Tabberd as I lay, His hors wer good ; but he was nothing gay ;

Redy to wendin on my
pilgrimage Of fuftian he wend a gipon,
To Canterbury, with devote corage, Alle beimottrid with his haburgeon.
At night wer come into that hoftery For he was late ycome from his viage,
Wele nine and twenty in a cumpany And wente for to do his pilgrimage.
Of lundrie folk, by aventure yfall
Infelaftiip
and pilgrimes wer they all:
; The HOUSE of FAME.
That toward Canterbury wouldin ride.
The Firft Eoke.
The chambers and the ftablis werin widr,
And well we werin efid at the beft : VT O W herken, as I have you faied,
And fhortly whan the funne was to reft, ** What that I mette or I
abraied,
So had I fpokin with them everych one, Of December the tenith daie,
Thar was o f ther felafhip anonej
i When it was night, to flepe 1 laie,
VOL. I.
Right
 THE HISTORY OF THE
Right as I was wontc for to ik.cn, Efcapid was from all the pre?,
And fill aflcpc wondir lone, And toke his fathre', old Anchifes,
As he that was weiic forgo And bare hym on his backc awaie,
On pilgrimage milis two Crying alas and welawaie !

To the corps of fair.c~r. Leonard?, The whiche Anchifes in his hande,

To makin lith that erll was harde. Bare tho the goddis of the lande
But as me Qept me mate was I 1 mene thilke that unbrennid were.

Within a temple' imadc of glas, Then fawe I nexc th.it all in fere
In \vhiche there wain mo imac How Creufa, P * ue,
Of golde, ftandyng in fondrie llagcs, "Whom that he lovid ail his life,
Sctte in mo richc tabirnacles, And her yong fonne c'.epid Julo,
And with perre mo pinnacles, And eke Afcanius allb,
And mo curious portraituris, Fleddin eke, with full drerie cherc,
And queint manir of figuris That it was
pite for to here,
Of goldc work? then 1 fa we, evir. And in a foreft as thei went
But certainly 1 n'ift nevir How tournyng of a went
at a
\Vherc that it was, but well wift I Creufa was iloite, ah- !

I: was of Venus redily That rede not I, how that it was

This temple, for in purtrciturc How he her fought, and how her ghofte
1 fawe anone right her figure Bad hym to flic the Grekis hofte,
Nakid ytlctyng in a fe, And faied he muft into Itaile,
And allb on her hedde parde As was his deftinie, fauns faile,
Her rofy garland white and redde, That it was pitie for to here,
And her combe for to kern be her hcdde, \Vhen that her fpirite gan appere,
Her dovis, and Dan Cupido The wordis that me to hym laied,
1 Icr blinde fonne, and Yulcano, And for to kepc her fonne hym prated.
That ywas full broune.
in his face There fawe I gravin eke how he
But romid
as I up and doune, His fathir eke, and his meine
I founde that on the wall there was With his Ihippis be ;ile

Thus writtin on a table* of bras. Toward the countrey of It-iile,

I woll now fyng, if that I can, As llreight as ere thei mightin D
The armi-s and allb the
man, There fawe I eke the, cruill Juno,
That came through his deftine
firtl That art Dan Jupiter his wife,
Fugitife fro Troye the countre That hsft ihated all thy life
Into Itaile, with full moche pine, Merciiefs all the Trojan blode,
Unto the ftrondis of Lavine, Rennin and crie as thou were wodc
And tho began the ftoric' anone, On /Eolus, the god of windes,
As I you echone.
(hall tellin To blowin out of alie kindes
Firrt fawc duUuccion
I the So loude, that he mould yJrenclve
Of Troie, thorough the Grekc Sinon, Lordc, and ladie, and grome, and wcnchc
With his faffe untrue forfwcrynges, Of all the Trojanis nacion,
'
And with his chere and his lefynges, of their falvacioru
That made a horte, brought into T: There fawe 1 foche tempetl arifev
By whichc Trojans loftc all their jo\ Th. herte might agrile,
And aftir this was graved, alas ! To fe it paintid on the wall.
How Ilions caltill aflailed was There Javxc .
.a'l,
And won, and kyng Priamus flain, Venus, how ye, my .:e,
And Polites his ior.re certain, pyng with full wofull cherc
Difpitoufly of Dan Pyrrhus. Yprayid Jupiter on hie,
>1 next that fawe I howe Venus, ivc and kepin that navie
.en that flic fawe the caftill brende, Of that dere Trojan JEne.\s,
Doune from hevin (he gan difccnde, Sithins that he your fonne
yv
And bade her fonne ^Encas He,
And how be fied, and how that he

Code
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Gode counfaile of CHAUCER.
in L E I and dwell with fothfaftnefle,
fro the prcfe
unto the gode though it he final!,
Suffife
For horde hath hate, and climbyng tilcilnelTr,
Puce hath cnvie, and wele it brent oer all,
our no more*hen the behovin mall,
Kc-de well thy to If, that othir folke canfl rede,
And trouthe the (hall delivir it 'is no drede.
Paine the not eche crokid to rcdrefle,
In trull of her that tournith as a balle,
Crete reft ft.mdith in litil bulinefie,
Beware allo to fpurne again a nalle,
Strive not as doith a crocke with a walle,
Demith thy felf that derr.ill othir's dcdr,
And trouthe the fhall deliver it 'is no drede.
That the islent receve in buxomenefll- ;
The wralllyng of this worlds aikith a fall
Here is no home, here is but wildirneflV,
Fc.r.he pilgrim, forthe o bell out of thy
Loke up on high, and thanke thy God of all,
\Veivith thy lufte and let thy gholl the lede,
Saie thus grant mercie of thin habundauncr,.
That thou haft lentor this, thou fhah not llrive..
What wofl thou yet how I the woll avaunce?
And eke thou haft thy belle frcndc alive.
Ihave the divifion betwene
taught
Frende of effette, and frende of countinaunce,
The nedith not the galle of an hine,
That curith eyin derke for ther penaunce,
Now feeft thou clere that wer in ignoraunce,
Yet holt thine anker, and thou maieft arive
^
There bountie bereth the key of my fubftaunce,
And eke thou hade thy befte frende alive.
How many have I refuled to fuftene,
Sith I have the foftrid in
thy plcfaunce ?
Wok thou thrn make a itatute on thy quene,
That I fliall be aie at thine ordinaunce?
Thou born art in my reign of variaunce,
;
About the whcle with othir muft thou drive
My loie is bet, then wicke is thy grevaunce,
flail,
And eke thou haft thy beftc frende alive.
The arrfwere to Fortune.

And trouthe the (hall delivir, it 'is no drede. Thy lore I

dampne, it is adverfitie,
My frcnd maill thou not revin blind
goddefle,
That I
thy frendis knowe I thanke it the,
Balade of the village without paintyng. Take 'hem again, let 'hem go lie a preflr,
The nigardis in kepyng ther richcfle
wretchid world'is tranfmutacion
npIUS
* Fronoftike is thou wolt ther toure aflailc,
As
wele and wo, nowe pore, and now honour,
^'icke appetite cometh aie before fickenelle,
\Vithout oru'ir cr due dilcrecion
In general! this rule nc maie not faile.
GovirniJ is by fortunes errour,
But nathelefie the lacke of her favour Fortune.
Ne maie not doe me fyng though that I die, Thou pinchift at my mutabilitie,
J'ay tout perdu, mon temps mon labeur & For I the lent a
For finally fortune I doe defie. droppe of my richefle,
And now me likith to withdrawin me,
Yet is the fight of my relbun
n-,e left

To knov.in frende fro foe in thy mirrour,

Why (liouldiil thou my roialtie opprefle ?
The fe maie ebbe and fl;win more and lefle,
So moche hath yet thy tournyng up and doun, The welkin hath might to mine, rain, and haile,
I
taughtin me to knowin in an hour,
Right fo muft I kithin my brotilnefl'e,
But truily no force of thy reddour In generall this rule ne maie not faile,
To hym that ovir hymfclf hath maiflrie,.
My fuffilaunce ylh.il be my fuccour, The PlaintifTe.
finally fortune I do defie.
For Lo, the' execucion of the majcflie,
O Socra;es thou (ledfaib champion, That all purveighith of his rightwifenefle,
She ne might nevir be thy turmentour, That fame thyng fortune yclepin ye^
Thou nevir dreddill her oppreffion, Ye blinde beilis of leudenels
full !

Ne her chcre foundin thou no favour,

in
The heven hath propirtie of fikirnefs,
Thou knewe wele the dilcript of her colour, This worlde hath evir reftlefle travailc.
And that her molle worfhip is for to lie, The laft daie is the ende of myne entrcfle,
I knowe her eke a falle diffimulour. In generall this rule ne maie not failc.
For finally fortune 1 do defic.
Th' envoye of Fortune.
Princes I praie you of your gentilncfie,
The anfwerc of Fortune.
Let not this man and me thus crie and plain,
No man is wretchid but hymfelf it wene, And I fhall quitin you this bufmefTe,
lie that yhath hymlelf hath fuffilaunce, And if ye liile rcleve hym of his pain,
faieft thou then I am to the fo kene, Praie ye his bell frende of his noblcnefle
That hath thyfelf out of my govirnaunce ? '1 hat to fome bettir ftate he maie attain.

Lydgate
 THE HISTORY OF THE
was a rrtonk of Bury, who wrote about
"Ly agate
the fame time with Chaucer. Out of his prologue
to his third book of The Fall of Princes a few
ftanzas are fclefted, which, being compared with
the ftyleof his two contemporaries, will fhow that
our language was then not written by caprice, but
was in a fettled (late.
T IKE a pilgrime which that goeth on foote,
And hath none horfe to releue his trauayle,
Whote, drye and wery, and may finde no bote
Of wel cold whan thruft doth hym
Wine nor licour, that may to auayle, hym
Tight fo fare I which in my bufmefie,
No fuccour fynde my rudenes to redrefle.
I meane haue no frefti licour
as thus, I made and incorporate the firft Realme, and fub-
Out of the conduites of Calliope,
Nor through Clio in rhetorike no floure,
Inmy labour for to refrefh me : but by his own Will , by which and for th' ac-
Nor of the fufters in noumber thrife three,
Which with Cithera on Parnalb dwell,
They neuer me gaue drinke once of their wel.
'
Nor of theyr fpringes clere and chriftaline,
That fp range by touchy ng of the Pegafe,
Their rauour lacketh my making ten lumine
I fynde theyr bawme of fo great fcarcitie,
To tame their tunnes with fome drop of plentie
For Poliphemus fTirow his great blindnes,
Hath in me derked of Argus the brightnes.
Our life here fliort of wit the great dulnes
The heuy foule troubled with trauayle,
And of memorye the glafyng brotelnes,
Drede and vncunning haue made a ftrong
"With werines my fpirite to aflayle,
And with their fubtil creping in moft queint
Hath made my fpirit in makyng for to feint.
And ouermore, the ferefull frowardnes
Of my ftepmother called obliuion,
Hath a baftyll of foryetfulnes,
To ftoppe the pafiage, and lhadow my reafon
That I
might haue no clere direccion,
In tranflating of new to quicke me,
Stories to write of olde antiquite.
Thus was I fee and ftode in double werre
At the metyng of fe.jrefi.il wayes tweyne,
The one was this, who euer lift to lere,
"Whereas good wyll gan me conftrayne,
Bochas taccomplifli for to doe my payne,
Came ignoraunce, with a menace of drede,
My pcnne to reft I durft not precede.
Forte/cue was chief juftice of the Common Pleas,
in the reign of king Henry VI. He retired in
1471, after the battle of Tewkefbury, and pro-
bably wrote moft of his works in his privacy.
The following pafl'ag^e is felecled from his book
of The Difference between an abfolute and limited Mo-
narchy*
TTYT may peraventure be marvelid by fome men,
why one Realme is a Lordfhyp only Roya/l,
and the Prynce thereof rulyth yt by his Law, callid
"jus Regale ; and another Kyngdome is a Lordfchip,
Royalland Politike, and the Prince thereof rulyth by
a Lawe, callyd Jus Politicum &? Regale-, fythen thes
two Princes beth of egall Aftate.
To this dowte it may be anfweryd in this man-
aflayle, ner 5 The firft Inflitution of thes twoo Realmys,
upon the Incorporation of them, is the Caule of
this diverlyte.
When Nembroth by Might, for his own Glorye,
duyd it to hymfelf by Tyrannye, he would not
have ic governyd by any other Rule or Lawe,
complifliment thereof he made it. And therfor,
though he had thus made a Realme, holy Scripture
denyyd to cal hym a Kyng, Quia Rex dicitur a Re-
gendo ; Whych thyng he dyd not, but opprefiyd
the People by Myght, and therfor he was a Ty-
rant, and callid Primus Tyrannvrum. But holy
Writ callith hym Robujius Venator coram Deo. For
Hunter takyth the wyld belle for
as the to fcleand
eatehym; fo Nembroth fubduyd to him the People
with Might, to have their fcrvice and their goods,
ufing upon them the Lordfchip that is callid Domi-
imim Regale tantum. After hym Belus that was
callid firft a Kyng, and after hym his Sone Nynus,
batail and after hym other Panyms ; They, by Example
of Nembroth, made them Realmys, would not
have them rulyd by other Lawys than by their own
Wills. Which Lawys ben right good under good
Princes; and theirKyngdoms a then moftrefemblyd
to the Kyngdome of God, which reynith upon Man,
rulyng him by hys own Will. Wherfor many
Cryftyn Princes ufen the fame Lawe; and therfor it
is, that the Lawys fay en, Quod Principi placuit Legis
habet vigorem. And 1thus
fuppofe firft beganne in
Realmy-s, Dominiuin tantum Regale. But afterward,
whan Mankynd was more manluete, and better dif-
pofyd to Vertue, Crete Communalties, as was the
Felifhip, that came into this Lond with Brute,
wyllyng to be unyed and made a Body Politike
callid a Realme, havyng an Heed to
govcrne it ; as
after the Saying of the
Philosopher, every Com-
munahie unyed of many parts muft needs have an
Heed ; than they choie the fame Brute to be their
Heed and Kyng. And they and he upon this In-
corporation and Jnflitution, and onyng of themfclf
into a Realme, ordeynyd the fame Realme fo to be
rulyd and juftyfyd by fiich Lawys, as they al would
aflentunto ; which Law is callid
Politicum;
therfor
and bycaufe it is mynyftrid by a Kyng, it is callid
Regale.
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Regale. Dominium Politicum dicitur quaji Regimen, dome beganne, of and by, the Might of the Princf,
fturittm Scientia,Jive Confiiio tniniftratum.
The Kyng and the other beganne, by the Defier and Inftitu-
of Scotts reynith upon his People by this Lawe, tion of the People of the fame Prince.

Regimine Politico
videlicet, Regali. &
And as Dio-
dorus Syculus faith, in his Boke de prifcis Hijloriis^
The Realme of Egvpte is rulid by the fame Lawe,
and therfor the Kyng therof chaungith not his
Lawes, without the Aflent of his People. And in
like forme as he faith is ruled the Kyngdome of
Saba, in Felici Arabia, and the Lond of Libie;
And alfo the more parte of al the Realmys in
dfrike. Which manner of Rule and Lordfhip, the
fayd Diodorus in that Boke, prayfuh gretely. For
it is not only
good for the Prince, that may thereby
the more fewerly do Juftice, than by his owne Ar-
bitriment; but it is alfo good for his People that
receyve therby, fuch Juttice as they defyer them-
felf. Now me feymth, it ys fhewyd opinly
as
Of the works of Sir Thomas More it was necefiary
to give a larger fpecimcn, both becaule our lan-
guage was then in a great degree formed and
fertled, and becaufe it appears from Ben Jon/on^
that his works were confidered as models of pure
and elegant ftyle. The tale, which is placed firft,
becaufe earlieft written, will Ihow what an atten-
tive reader will, in
perufing our old writers, often
remark, that the familiar and colloquial part of
our language, being diffufed among thofe clafies
who had no ambition of refinement, ..or affectation
of novelty, has fufifered very little change. There
is another realon
why the extracts from this author
are more copioushis works are carefully and cor-
:

ynough, why one Kyng rulyth and reynith on his rectly printed, and may therefore be better t> ufted
People Dominio tantum Regali, and that other rey- than any other edition of the Enghjh books of that,
nith Dominio Politico &? Regali: For that one Kyng- or the preceding ages.

A merry ieft how a fergeant would A man of lawe, That thriftly was,
learne to playe the frere. Writ- That neuer fawe, Or he coulde pas,
ten by maifter Thomas More in The wayes to bye and fell, Rapped about the pate,
hys youth. Wenyng to ryfe, Whyle that he would
By marchaundife, See how he could,
menalway, wilh to fpede A little play the frere
I hym well. :

Affyrroc and fay, A marchaunt eke, Now yf you wyll,

That beft is for a man :
That wyll goo feke, Knowe how it fyll,
Diligently, Take hede and ye
For to apply, By all the meanes he may, fliall here.
To fall in fute, It happed fo,
The bufincs that he can,
Tyll he difpute, Not long ago,
And in no wyfe,
To enterpryfe,
His money cleane away, A thrifty man there dyed,

An other faculte, Piety ng the lawe, An hundred pounde,

For he that wyll,
For euery ftrawe, Of nobles rounde,
Shall proue a thrifty man, That had he layd a fide :
And can no fkyll,
With bate and ft rife, His fonne he wolde,
Is neuer lyke to the.
But by my Should haue this golde,
He that hath lafte, life,
cannot tell you whan.
I For to beginne with all :
The hofiers crafte,
And falleth to making
Whan an hatter But to fuffife
fhone,
Wyll go fmatter His chylde, well thrife,
The fmythe that (hall,
In philofophy, That money was to fmal.
To payntyng fall, Or a pedlar, Yet or this day
His thrift is well nigh done.
Ware a medlar, have hard
A blacke draper,
In theology,
1 fay,
That many a man certefie,
With whyte paper,
All that enfue, Hath with good caft,
To goe to writyng fcole,"
Suche craftes new, Be ryche at laft,
An olde butler,
They driue fo farre a caft, That hath begonne with lefie.
Becum a cutler,
That euermore, But this yonge manne,
I wene fhall proue a fole.
And an olde trot,
They do therfore, So well beganne,
Befhrewe themfelfe at laft. His money to imploy.
That can wot, I
This thing^was tryed That certainly,
Nothyng but kyfie the cup, And His policy,
With her phifick, verefyed,
Wil kepe on ficke,
Here by a fergeaunt late, To fee it was a joy,

Tyll (he have foufed hym vp.

VOL. I.
For
 THE HISTORY OF THE
For left Cum blaft, Was redy ftrayte, Inmany a gamr,
Myght ouer raft, On him to wayte, Lyke to the fame,
His As fone as on the mayre. Haue I bene well in vre,
fhip, or by mifchaunce,
Men with fum wile, But he doubtlcfie, And for your fake,
Of his mekenefie, Let me be bake,
Myght hym begyle,
And minifh his fubftaunce, Hated fuch pompe and pride,
But yf I do this cure.
For to And -would not go, Thus part they bodr,
put out,
All mancr dout, Companied fo, And foorth then goth,
He made a good puruay, But drewe himfelf a fide, A pace this officere,

For euery whyt, To faint Katharine, And for a day,

his owne wyt, as a

line, All his array,
By Streig^t
And toke an other way : He gate him at a tyde, He
chaunged with a frcrc.
Firft fayre and wele, For deuocion, So was he dight,
Therof much dele, Or promocion, That no man mighr,
He
dygged pot, it in a There would he nedes abyde. Hym for a frere deny,
But then him thought, There fpent he faft, He dopped and dooked,
That way was nought, Till all were part, He fpake and looked,
And there he left it not. And to him came there meny, So religioolly.
S ) was he faine, To afke theyr debt, Yet in a glafle,

From thence agayne, But none could get,

Or he would pafi'e,
To put it in a cup, The valour of a peny. He toted and he peered,
And by and by, With vifage flout, His harte for pryde,

Couetoufly, He bare it our, Lepte in his fyde,

He fupped it
fayre vp,
Euen vnto the harde hedge, To fee how well he free red.
In his owne bred, A month or twaine, Than forth a pace,
He thought it bell, Tyll he was fayne, Unto the place,
His money to enclofe, To lay his gowne to pledge. He goeth withouten (hame
Then- wift he well, Than was he there, To do this dede,
"What euer fell, In greater feare, But now take hede,
He coulde it neuer lofe. Than ere that he came thither, For here begynneth the game.
He borrowed then, And would as fayne, He drew hym ny,
Of other men, Depart againe, And foftely,
Money and marchaundife : But that he wift not whither. Streyght at the dore he knocked :

Neuer payd it, Than after this, And a damfell,

Up he laid it, To a frende of his, That hard hym well,
In like maner wyfe. He went and there abode, There came and it vnlocked.
Yet on the gere, Where he lay,
as The frere fayd,
That he would were, So fick alway, Good fpede fayre mayd,
He reight not what he fpent, He myght not come abrcde. Here lodgeth fuch a man,
So it were nyce, It happed than, It is told me :

As for the price, A marchaunt man, Well fyr quod (lie,

Could him not mifcontent. That he ought money 10, And yf he do what than.
With lufty fporte, Of an officere, Quod he mayftrefle,
And with rciort, That gan enquere, No harm doutleffe :

Of ioly company, What him was bed to do. It longeth for our order,
In mirth and play, And he anfwerde, To hurt no man,
Full many a day, Be not aferde, But as we can,
Me liU', d merely. Take an accion therfore, Euery wight to forder.
And men had fworne, I you belittle, With hym truly,
Some man is borne, I (hall hym rede, Fayne fpeake would I.
To haue a lucky howre, And than care for no more. S;r quod (he by my fay,
And Ibwas he, I fearc quod he, He is fo fike,
For fuch degre, It wyl! not be, Ye be not lyke,
He
gat and fuche honour, For he wyll not come out, To fpeake with hym to day.
That without dour, The ferge.'unt laid, Quod he fayre may,
"Whan he went out, ,
Be not afrajd, Yet i you pray,
A
fergeaunt well and fayre, It (hall be brought about. This muclr at my defire,
Vouchefafe
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Vouchefafe to do, Sayd, I reft the, The freres hood,
As go hym to, Come on with me, They pulled a good,
And fay an auften frere And out he toke his mace : Adowne about his face.
Would with hyrn fpeke, Thou (halt obay, Whyle he was blynde,
And matters breake, Come on thy way, The wenche behynde,
For his auayle certayn. I have the in my douche, Lent him leyd on'lhe flore,
Quod {he I wyll, Thou goeft not hence, Many a ioule,
btonde ye here ftyll, For all the penfe About the noule,
Tyll I come downe agayn. The mayre hath in his
pouche. With a great batyldore.
Vp is (he go, This marchaunt there. The wyfe came yet,
And told hym fo, For wrath and fere^ And with her fete,
As (he was bode to fay, He waxyng we'nygh wood, She holpe to kepe him downe,
He miftruftyng, Sayd horlon thefe, And with her rocke,
Jso maner thyng, With a mifchefe, Many a knocke,
Sayd mayden go thy way, Who hath taught thee thy good. She gaue hym on the crowne.
And fetch him hyder, And with his flit, They layd his mace,
That we togyder, Vpon the lyft, About his face,
May talk. A downe (he gothe, He gaue hym fuch a blow, That he was wood for payne :

Vp (he hym brought, That backward downe, The fry re frappe,

No harme (lie thought, Almoft in fowne, Gate many a fwappe,
But it made fome folke wrothe. The frere is ouerthrow. Tyll he was full
nygh (layne.
This officere, Yet was this man, Vp they hym lift,
This fayned frere, Well fearder than, And with yll thrift,
Whan he was come aloft, Left he the frere had (layne, Hcdlyng a long the ftayre,
He dopped than, Till with good rappes, Downe they hym threwe,
And grete this man, And heuy clappes, And fayde adewe,
Religioufly and oft. He dawde hym vp agayne. Comrnende us to the mayre.
And he agayn, The frere toke harte, The frere arofe,

Ryght glad and fayn, And vp he ftarte, But I fuppofe,

Toke hym there by the hande, And well he layde about, Amafed was his hed,
The frere than fayd, And fo there goth, He fhoke his eares,
Ye be difmayd, Betwene them both, And from grete feares,
With trouble I underftande. Many a lufty clout. He thought hym well yfled.
In dede quod he, They rent and tere, Quod he now loft,
It hath with me, Eche others here, Is all this coft,

Bene. better than it is. And claue togyder fad, We be neuer the nere.
Syr quod the frere, Tyll with luggyng, Illmote he be,
Be of good cherc, And with tuggyng, That caufed me,
Yet (hall it after this. They fell downe bothe at lad. To make my felf a frere.
But I would now, Than on the grounde, Now mafters all,
Comen with you, Togyder roundr, Here now fhall, I

In counfayle yf you pleafe, With many a fadde ftroke, Ende there as I began,
Or ellys nat They roll and rumble, In any wyfr,
Of matters' that, They turne and tumble, 1 would auyfe,
Shall fet your heart at eafe. As pygges do in a poke. And counfayle euery man,
Downe went the mayd, So long aboue, His owne craft vfe,
The marchaunt fayd, They heus and (houe, All newe refufe,
No fay on gentle frere, Togider that at laft, And lyghtly let them gone:
Of thys tydyng, The mayd and wyfc, Play not the frere,
That ye me bryng, To breake the flrife, Now make good chere,
I long full fore to here. Hyed them vpward faflr. And welcome euerych one.
"Whan there was none, And whan they fpye,
But they alone, The captaynes lye,
The frere with cuyll grace, Both waltring on the place,

[ij 2 A ruful
 THE HISTORY OF THE
A ruful lamcntacion (writen by mafter Thomas Farewell my doughter lady Margerete.
More in his youth) of the deth of quene Elifa- God wotte full oft it greued huh my myndr,
bcth mother to king Henry the eight, wife to That ye fliould go where we mould feldome mete.
king Henry thefeuenth, and theeldeft doughter Now am I gone, and haue left you behynde.
to king Edward the fourth, which quene Eliia- O mortall folke that we be very blynde.
beth dyed in childbed in February in the yere of That we lead feare, full oft nye, it is mod
our Lord 1503, and in the 18 yere of the raigne From you depart fyrft, I and
here I ly. lo now
of king Henry the feuenth. Farewell Madame my lordes worthy mother,
Comfort your fonne, and be ye of good chere.
/^\ YE that put your truft and confidence,
Take all a worth, for it will be no nother.
^-*
In worldly ioy and frayle profperite,
Farewell my doughter Katherine late the fere,
That fo lyue here asye fhould neuer hence, To myne owne chyld
prince Arthur fo dere,
Remember death and loke herevppon me. me
It booteth not for wepe or cry,
to
Enfaumple 1
thynke there may no better be.
Pray for my foule, for lo now here I ly.
Your felfe wotte well that in this realme was I,
Adew lord Henry my louyng fonne adew.
Your quene but late, and lo now here I lye.
Our lorde encreafe your honour andeftate,
Was I not borne of olde worthy linage ? Adew my doughter Mary bright of hew,
Was not my mother queene my father kyng ? God make you vertuous wyfe and fortunate.
Was I not a kinges fere in marriage ? Adew fwete hart my litle doughter Kate,
Had not plenty of euery pleafaunt thyng ?
I
Thou (halt fwete babe fuche is thy defteny,
Mercifull god this is a ftraunge reckenyng :
Thy mother neuer know, for lo now here I ly.
Rychefff, honour, welth, and aunceftry,
Lady Cicyly Anne and Katheryne,
Hath me forfaken and lo now here I ly. Farewell welbeloved
If worfhip myght haue kept me, 1 had not gone.
my fifters three,
lady Briget other fifter myne,
If wyt myght haue me faued, I neded not fere.
Lo here theende of worldly vanitee.
If money myght haue I lacked none.
holpe, Now well are ye that earthly foly fiee,
But O good God what vayleth all this gere.
And heuenly thynges loue and magnify,
When dtth is come thy mighty meffangere, Farewell and pray for me, for lo now here I
ly,
Obey we muft there is no remedy, A dew my lordes, a dew my ladies all,
Me hath he fommoned, and lo now here I ly. A dew my faithful feruauntes euerych one,
Yet was I late promifed otherwyfe, A dew my commons whom I neuer fhall,
This yere to Hue in welth and delice. See in this world wherfore to the alone,
Lo where to commeth thy blandifhyng promyfe, Immortal] god verely three and one,
O falle aftrolagy and deuynatrice, 1 me commende. Thy infinite mercy,
Of goddes fecretes makyng thy felfe fo wyfe. Shew to thy feruant, for lo now here I
ly.
How true is for this yere thy prophecy.
The yere yet lafteth, and lo now here I ly.
O
bryttil welth, as
full of bitternefie,
Certain meters in Englifh written by mafter Thomas
Thy fingle pleafure doubled is with payne.
More in hys youth for the boke of fortune, and
Account my forow firft and my diftrefie, caufed them to be printed in the begynnyng of
In fondry wyfe, and recken there agayne,
that boke.
The ioy that I haue had, and I darefayne,
For all my honour, endured yet haue I*
The wordes of Fortune to the people.
More wo than welth, and io now here I ly.
Where are our cartels, now where are our towers, TV/TINE high eftate power and aucloritie,

Goodly Kychmonde fone art thou gone from me, If \e ne know, enferche and ye mail fpye,
At Weftminfter that coftly worke of yours, That richefle, worfhip, welth, and dignitie,
and peace, and
Myne owne dere lorde now (hall I neuer fee. Joy, reft, all
thyng fynally,
That any pleafure or profit may come by,
Almighty god vouchefafe to graunt that ye,
For you and your children well may edery. To mannes comfort, ayde, and fuftinaunce,
My paly.e bylded is, and lo now here I
ly. Is all at
my deuyfe and ordinaunce.
Adew myne owne dcre fpoufe my worthy lorde, Without my fauour there is
nothyng wonne.
The faithfull loue, that dyd vs both combyne, Many a matter haue I
brought at laft,

In mariage and peafable concorde, To good conckifion, that fondly was begonne.
Into your han.ies here I cleane refyne, And many a purpole, bounden lure and laft
To be beftowed vppon your children and myne. With wife prouifion, I haue ouercaft.
Erft wer you father, and now muft ye fupply, Without good happe there may no wit fuffife.
The mothers part alfo, for lo now here 1 ly. Better is to be fortunate than wy'e.
And
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
And therefore hath there fotne men bene or this, Amyd her treafure and waueryng rychefie,

My deadly foes and written many a boke, Prowdiy me houeth as lady and emprefie.
To my And other caufe there nys,
difprayfe.
Faft by her fyde doth wery labour ftand,
But for not fiendly on them loke.
me lift Pale fere alfo, and forow all bewept,
Thus lyke the fox they fare that once forfoke, Difdayn and hatred on the other hand,
The pleafaunt grapes, and gan for to defy them, Eke reftles watchefro flepe with trauayle kept,
Becaufe he lept and yet could not come by them, His eyes drowfy and lokyng as he flept.
But let them write theyr labour is in vayne. Before her ftandeth daunger and enuy,
For well ye wote, myrth, honour, and richeifc, Flattery, dyfceyt, mifchicfe and tiranny.
Much better is than penury and payne. About her commeth all the world to begge.
The nedy wretch that lihgereth in diftrefie, He alketh lande, and he to pas would bryng,
Without myne helpe is euer comfortlefie, This toye and that, and all not worth an egge:
A wery burden odious and loth, He would in loue profper aboue all thyng:
To all the world, and eke to him felfe both. He kneleth downe and would be made a kyng:
But he that by my fauour may afcende, He forceth not fo he may money haue,
To mighty power and excellent degree, Though the worlde accompt hym for a knaue.
all

A common wele to goticrne and defende, Lo thus ye fee diuers heddes, diuers wittes.
O in how blift condition ftandeth he: Fortune alone as diuers as they all,
Him felf in honour and felicite, Vnftable here and there among them flittes:
And ouer that, may forther and increafe, And at auenture downe her giftes fall,
A region hole in ioyfull reft and peace. Catch who fo may fhe throweth great and fmall
Now in this poynt there is no more to fay, Not to all men, as commeth fonne or dewe,
Eche man hath of him felf the gouernaunce. But for the moft part, all among a fewe.
Let euery wight than folowe his owne way, And yet her brotell giftes long may not laft.
And he that out of pouertee and mifchaunce, He that (he-gaue them, loketh prowde and hye.
Lift for to Hue, and wyll him felfe enhaunce, She whirlth about and pluckth away as fad,
In wealth and richeffe, come forth and wayte on And geueth them to an other by and by.
me. And thus from man to man continually,
And he that wyll be a beggar, let hym be. She vfeth to geue and take, and flily tofie,
One man to wynnyng of an others loffe.
And when fhe robbeth one, down goth his pryde.
THOMAS MORE to them that truft in Fortune.
He wepeth and waylc-th and curfeth her full fore.
'T'HOU that art prowde of honour fhape or kynne, But he that receueth it, on that other fyde,
That hepeft vp this wretched worldes treafure, Is glad, and blefth her often tymes therefore.

Thy fingers fhrined with gold, thy tawny fkynne,
With frefh apparyle garnifhed out of meafure,
And weneft to haue fortune at thy pleafure,
Call vp thyne eye, and loke how flipper chaunce,
llludeth her men with chaunge and varyaunce.
But in a whyle when fhe loueth hym no more,
She glydeth from hym, and her giftes to,
And he her curfeth, as other fooles do.
Alas the folyfh people can not ceafe,
Ne voyd her trayne, tyll they the harme do fele.

Sometyme fhe loketh as louely fayre and bright,
As goodly Uenus mother of Cupyde.
She becketh and me fmileth on euery wight.
But this chere fayned, may not long abide.
There cometh a cloude, and farewell all our pryde.
Like any ferpent fhe beginneth to fwell,
And looketh as fierce as any fury of
Yet for all that we brotle men
(So wretched is our nature and fo blynde)
As foone as Fortune lift to laugh agayne,
\Yith fayre countennunce and difceitfull mynde,
To crouche and knele and gape after the wynde,
Not one or twayne but thoufandes in a rout,
Lyke fwarmyng bees come flickeryng her aboute.
Then as a bayte fhe bryngeth forth her ware,
and precious ftone:
Siluer, gold, riche perle,
On whiche the ma(ed people gafe and ftare,
And gape therefore, as dogges doe for the bone.
Fortune at them laugheth, and in her trone
About her alway, befely they preace.
But lord how he doth thynk hym felf full wele.
That may fct once his hande vppon her whele.
He hokleth faft: but vpward as he flieth,
She whippeth her whele about, and there he lyeth,
Thus fell Julius from his mighty power.
hell. Thus fell Darius the worthy kyng of Perfe.
are fayne, Thus fell Alexander the great conquerour.
Thus many mo then I may well reheife.
Thus double fortune, when fhe lyft reuerfe
Her flipper fauour fro them that in her truft,
She fieeth her wey and leyeth them in the duft.
She fodeinly enhaunceth them aloft.
And fodeynly mifcheueth all the flocke.
The head that late lay eafily and full loft,
In ftede of pylows lyeth after on the blocke.
And yet alas the moft crucll proude mocke:
The deynty mowth that ladyes kitted haue,
She bryngeth in the cafe to kyfTe a knaue.
In
 T II E HISTORY OF THE
In chaungyng of her courfe, the chaunge fliewth Recken you neuer of her fauoure fure:
tRis Ye may in clowds as eafily trace an hare,
Vp ftartth a knaue, and downe there faith a knight, Or in drye lande caufe fifhes to endure,
The beggar ryche, and the ryche man pore is. And make the burnyng fyre his hcate to fpare,
Hatred is turned to loue, loue to defpyght. And all thys workie in compace to forfare,
This is her fport, thus proueth (be her myght. As her to make by craft or engine ftable,
Great bode (he maketh yf one be by her power, That of her nature is euer variable.

"Wclthy and wretched both within an howre. Serue her day and nyght as reuerently,
Foucrtec that of her giftes wyl nothing take, Vppon thy knees as any feruaunt rmy,
Wyth mery chere, looketh vppon the prece, And in conclution, that thou (halt winne thereby
And feech how fortunes houlhold goeth to wrake. Shall not be worth thy fervyce I dare fay.
Faft by her ftandetlvthe wyfe Socrates, And looke yet what fhe geueth the to day,
Arriftippus, Pythagoras, and many a lefe, With labour wonne fhe mall happly to morow
Of olde philofophers. And eke agaynft the fonne Plucke it agayne out of' thyne hand with forow.
Btkyth hym poore Diogenes in his tonne. Wherefore yf thou in furetye lyft to ftande,
With her is Byas, whofe countrey lackt defence, Take pouerties parte and let prowde fortune go>
And whylom of their foes ftode fo in dout, Receyue nothyng that commeth from her hande.
That eche man haftely gan to cary thence, Loue maner and vertue: they be onely tho.
And alked hym why he nought caryed out. Whiche double fortune may not take the fro.
I bere
quod he all myne with me about: Then may ft thou boldly defye her turnyngchaunce:
Wii'edam he ment, not fortunes brotle fees. She can the neyther hynder nor auaunce.
For nought he counted his that he might leefe. But and thou wylt nedes medle with her treafure/
Heraclitus eke, lyft felowlhip to kepe Truft not therein, and fpende it liberally.
With glad pouertee, Democritus allb: -Beare the not proude, nor take not out of meafure.
Of which the fyrft can neuer ceafe but wepe, Bylde not thyne houle on heyth vp in the flcye.
To fee how thick the blynded people go, Nonne falkth farre, but he that climbeth hye.
With labour great to purchafe care and wo. Remember nature fent the hyther bare,
That other laugheth to fee the foolyfh apes, The gyftes of fortune count them borowed ware.
How earneftly they walk about theyr capes.
Of this poore feel, it is comen vfage, THOMAS MORE to them that feke Fortune.
Onely to take that nature may fuftayne,
i:u!hing cleaneall other fo delyteth to prouen and
}'.

They
No
furplufage,
be content, and of nothyng complayne.
nygarde eke is of his good to fayne.
WHO Of waveryng
affay,
fortune the vncertayne lot,
If that the aunfwere pleafe you not alway,
But they more picture haue a thoulande folde, Blame ye not me: for I commaunde you nor,
'1he iccrete draughtes of nature to beholde. Fortune to truft, and eke full well ye wor,
Set fortunes iervauntes by them and ye wull, I haue of her no brydle in my fift,
Ti.at one is free, that other euer thrall, She renneth loofe, and turnetn where (lie lyft.
That one content, that other neuer full, The rollyngdyfe in whomeyourluckedoth ftande,
That one in furetye, tharother lyke to fall. With whole vnhappy chaunce ye be fo wroth,
Who lyft to aduile them bothe, parceyue he fhall, Ye knowe your felfe came neuer in myne hande.
As grc-at difference between them as we fee, Lo in this ponde be fyflie and froggcs both.
Beuixte wretchednes and fciicite. Caft in your nette: but be you liefe or loue,
.Miie I (hewed you bothe: thefe whiche ye Hold you content as fortune lyft aiiyne:
lyfr, For it is your owne fyftiyng and not myne.
S'ntdy fortune, or humble pouertee: And though in one chaunce fortune you offend,
That is to lay, nowe lyeth it in your fyft, Grudge not there at, but beare a mery face.
I'o take here bondage, or free libertee. In many an other Ihe (hall it amende.
But in thys poynte and ye do after me, There is no manne fo farre out of her grace,
Dr.iw you to fortune, and labour her to pleafe, But he ibmctyme hath comfort and folace:
Jf that ye thynke your felfe to well at cafe. Ne none agayne fo farre foorth in her fauour,
And fyrft vppon the louely (hall (he (mile, That is full latisfyed with her behaviour.
And frcndlv on the call her
wandering eyes Fortune is llately, folemne, prowde, and hye:
Embrace the in her armes, and for a why'.c, And rycheffe geueth, to haue feruyce therefore.
Puc the and kepe the in a fooles paradife: The nedy begger catcheth an halfpeny.
And foorth with all wh.u fo thou lyft deuife, Some manne a thoulande pounde, fome lelTe fome
She wyll the graunt it liberally perhappes : more.
But for all that beware of after clappcs. But for all that fhe kepeth euer in (lore,
From
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
From euery manne fome parcell
of his wyll,
That he may pray therfore and ferue her ftyll.
Some manne hath good, but-chyldren hath he
none.
Some manne hath both, but he can get none health.
Some hath al thre, but vp to honours trone,
Can he not crepe, by no maner of ftelth.
To fome fhe fendeth, children, rychcs, welthe,
Honour, woorfhyp, and reuerence all hys lyfe:
But yet Ihe pyncheth hym wiih a fhrewde wyfe.
Then for afmuch as it is fortunes guyfe,
To graunt to manne all thyng that he wyll axe,
But as her ft: lie lyft order and deuyfe,
Tech euery manne his parte diuide and tax,
I countayle you eche one trufTe vp your packes,
And take no thyng at all, or be content,
With fuche rewarde as fortune hath you fent.
All thynges in this boke that ye fhall rede,
Doe as ye lyft, there fhall no manne you bynde,
Them to beleue, as furely as your crede.
But notwithltandyng certes in my mynde,
I durft well 1'vvere, as true ye fhall them fynde,
In euery poynt eche anfwere by and by,
As are the iudgementes of aftronomye.
The Defcripcion of RICHARD the thirde.
"pICHARDE
^^
the third fonne, of whom we
nowe entreate, was in witte and courage egall
with either of them, in bodye and prowefle farre
vnder them bothe, little of ftature, ill fetured of
limmes, croke backed, his left fhoulder much
higher than his right, hard fauoured of vifage, and
fuch as flates called warlye, in other menne
is in
otherwife, he was malicious, wrathfull, enuious,
and from afore his bir:h, euer frovvarde. It is for
trouth reported, that the duches his mother had fo
much a doe in her trauaile: that fhee coulde not
bre deliuered of hym vncutte, and that he came
into the world with the feete forwarde, as menne
bee borne outwarde, and (as the fame runneth) alfo
not vntothed, whither menne of hatred reporte
aboue the trouthe, or elles that nature chaunged
her courfe in hys beginninge, whiche in the courfe
of his lyfe many thinges vnnaturallye committed.
None euill cn.ptaine was hee in the \varre, as to
whiche his difpoficion was more metcly then for
peace. Sundrye victories hadde hee, and fomme-
tirr.souerthrowes, but neucr in defaulte as for his
owne parfone, either of hardineffe or polytike order,
free was hee called of dyfpence, and ibmmewhat
aboue hys power liberal!, with large giftes hee get
him vnftedfafte frendelhippe, for whiche hee was
i and fpoyle in other places, and get
A\ hatred. Hee was dole and fecrete, a
deepe
:, lowlye of" counteynaunce, arrogant of
twardly coumpinable where he inwardrly
hated, not letting to kifle whome he thoughte to
k) difpitious and cruell, not for euill will alway,
11:
but after for atnbicion, and either for the furetie arvd
encreafe of his eftate,Frende and foo was muche
what where his aduauntage grew, he
indifferent,
fpared no mans deathe, whofe life withftoode his
purpofe. He flewe with his owne handes king
Henry the fixt, being ptifoner in the Tower, as
menne ccnftantly faye, and that without com-
maundement or knoweledge of the king, whiche
woulde vndoubtedly yf he had emended that thinge,
haue appointed that boocherly office, to fome other
then his owne borne brother.
Somme wile menne alfo weene, that his drifc
couertly conuayde, lacked not in helping furth his
brother of Clarence to his death: whiche hee refifted
openly, howbeit fomwhat (as menne deme). more
faintly then he that wer hartely minded to his
welch. And they that thus denie, think that he
long time in
king Edwardes life, forethought to be
king in that cafe the king his brother (whole life
hee looked that euil dyete Ihoulde fhorten) ilioulde
happen to deceafe (as in dede he did) while his
children wer yonge. And thei deme, that for thys-
intente he was gladde of his "brothers death the
duke of Clarence, whole life muft nedes haue hin-
dered hym fo entendynge^ whither the fame duke
of Clarence hadde kepte him true to his nephew
the yonge king, or enterprifed to be kyng him-
felfe. But of al this pointe, is there no certaimie,
and whofo diuineth vppon conitftures, maye as wel
fhote to farre as to fhort. Howbeit this h-.ue I
by
credible informacion learned^ that the iclfe nighte
in whiche kynge Edwarde died, one Myftlebrooke
longe ere mornynge, came in greate hafte to the
houle of one Pottyer dwellyng in Reddecroffc ftrete
without Crepulgate and when he was with haftye
:
rappyng quickly letten in, hee fhewed vnto P->ttyer
that kynge Edwarde was departed. By my trouthe
marine quod Pettier then wyll my mayfter the duke
of Gloucefter bee kynge. What caufe hee hadde foo
to thynke hirde it is to faye, whyther hee
being to-
ward him, snye thynge !;newe that hee fuche thynge
purpofed, or otherwyie had anye inkclynge thereof:
for hee was not likelye to fpe.ike it of noughte.
Bat nowe to returne to the courfe of this hyftorye,
were it that the duke of Gloucefter hadde of old
fore-minded this conclufion, or was nowe at erfte
thereunto moued, and putte in hope by the occa-
fion of the tender age of the younge princes, his
nephues (as opportunitye and lykely hoode of fpede,
putteth a manne in cdurage of that hee neuer en-
tended) certayn is it that hee contriued theyr de-
him ftruccion, with the vfurpacion of the regal dig-
nitye vppon hymfelfe. And for as muche as, het;
well wiite and holpe to mayntayn, a long continued
grudge and hearte brennynge becwcne the quenes
5 kiarcd
 THE HISTORY OF THE
kinred and the kinges blood eyther partye enuying
others authoritye, he nowe thought that their de-
uifion fhoulde bee (as it was in dede) a fortherlye
begynnynge to the purfuite of his interne, and a
lure ground for the foundacion of al his building
yf he might firlte vnder the pretext of reuengynge
of olde difpleafure, abufe the anger and ygnoraunce
of the tone partie, to the deftruccion of the tother:
and then wynne to this purpofe as manye as he
coulde: and thole that coulde not be wonne, myght
be lofte ere they looked therefore. For of one
thynge was hee certayne, that if his entente were
perceiued, he {hold Ibone haue made peace bee-
twene the bothe parties, with his owne bloude.
Kynge Edwarde in his life, albeit that this dif-
cencion beetwene hys frendes fommewhat yrked
hym yet in his good healthe he fommewhat the
:
lefle regarded it, becaufe hee thought whatfoeuer
bufines (houlde falle betwene them, hymfelfe
Ihould alwaye bee hable to rule bothe the parties.
But in his laft ficknefie, when hee receiued his
natural! ftrengthe foo fore enfebled, that hee dyf-
payred all recouerye, then hee confyderynge the
youthe of his chyldren, albeit hee nothynge lefle
miftrufted then that that happened, yet well for-
feynge that manye harmes myghte growe by theyr
debate, whyle the youth of hys children flioulde
lacke difcrecion of themfelf, and good counfayle of
their frendes, of whiche either party (hold coun-
fayle for theirowne commodity and rather byplea-
faunte aduyfe too wynne themfelfe fauour, then by
profitable aduertiiemente to do the children good,
he called fome of them before him that were at
variaunce, and in eipecyall the lorde marques Dor-
fette the quenes fonne by her fyrfte houfebande,
and Richarde the lorde Haftynges, a noble man,
than lorde chaumberlayne agayne whome the quene
Ipecially grudged, for the great fauoure the kyng
bare hym, and alfo for that (hee thoughte hym fe-
crctclye familyer with the kynge in wanton coum-
panye. Her kynred alfo bare hym fore, as well
for that the kynge hadde made hym captayne of
Calyce (whiche office the lorde Ryuers, brother to
the quene, claimed of the kinges former promyfe)
as for diuerfe other great giftes whiche hee receyued,
that they loked for. When thefe lordes with di-
uerTc other of bothe the parties were comme in
prefence, the kynge liftinge vppe himfelfe and
vndcrfctte with pillowes, as it is
reported on this
\vylc vnto them, My lordes, my dere kinf-
i'ayd
menne and alies, in what plighte I lye you fee, and
I feele. By whiche the lefle whyle I looke to
Jyue with you, the more depelye am I moued to
care in what cafe I leaue you, for fuch as 1 leauve
you, fuche bee my children lylce to fynde y>u.
Whiche if they fhoulde (that Godde forbydde)
fynde you at varyaunce, myght nappe to fall tlum-
felfe at warre ere their difcrecion woulde fcrue to
fette you at peace. Ye fee their youthe, of whiche
I recken the onely furctie to refte in youre con-
cord. For it fuffifeth not that al you loue them,
yf eche of you hate other. If they wer menne,
your faithfulnefle happelye woulde furfife. But
childehood mult be maintained by mens authoritye,
and flipper youth vnderpropped with elder coun-
fayle, which neither they can haue, but ye geue ir,
nor ye geue it, yf ye gree not. For wher eche la-
boureth to breake that the other maketh, and for
hatred of eche of others parfon, impugneth eche
others counlayle, there muft it nedes bee long ere
anye good conclufion goe forwarde. And alfo
while either partye laboureth to be chiefe, flattery
(hall haue more place then plaine and faithfull ad-
uyfe, of whyche mufte needes enfue the euyll bring,
ing vppe of the prynce, whofe mynd in tender
youth infedl, (hal rediiy fal to mifchief and riot, and
drawe down with this noble relme to ruine: but if
grace turn him to wifdom, which if God fend,
then thei that by euill menes before pleafed him
beft, (hal after fall fartheft out of fauour, fo that
euer at length euil driftes dreue to nought, and
good plain wayes profper. Great variaunce hath
ther long bene betwene you, not alway for great
caufes. Sometime a thing right wel intended, our
mifconftruccion turneth vnto worfe or a fmal dif-
pleafure done vs, eyther our owne affeccion or euil
tongues agreueth. But this wote I well ye neuer
had fo great caufe of hatred, as ye have of loue.
That we be al men, that we be chriften men, this
(hall I leave for prechers to tel you (and yet I wote
nere whither any prechers wordes ought more to
moue you, then his that is by and by gooyng to
the place that thei all preache of.) But this (hal I
defire you to remember, that the one parte of you
is of
my bloode, the other of myne alies, and eche
of yow with other, eyther of kinred or affinitie,
which fpirytuall kynred of affynyty, if the facra-
mentes of Chriftes churche, beare that weyghte
with vs that would Godde thei did, flioulde no
lefle moue vs to charitye, then the refpe&e of
flelhlye confanguinitye. Oure Lorde forbydde, that
you loue together the work, for the felfe caufe that
you ought to loue the better. And yet that hap-
peneth. And no where fynde wee fo deadlye de-
bate, as amonge them, whyche by nature and lawe
moitc oughte to agree together. Such a peftilcnte
ferpente is ambicion and defyre of vaine glorye and
foueraintye, whiche amonge ftates where he once
entreth crepeth foorth fo farre, tyll with deuifion
and variaunce hee turneth all to mifchiefe. Firfle
longing to be nexte the bed, afterwarde egall with
the belle, and at lafte chiefe and aboue the befte.
Of which immoderate appetite of woorfhip, and
thereby of debate and diflencion what lofle, what
ibrowe,
 ENGLISH LANGUA'
forowe, what trouble hathe within thefe feweyeares
growen in this realme, I praye Godde as wel for-
geate as wee wel remember.
Whiche thingesyf coulde I wel haue forefene,
as
as I haue with my more payne then pleafure proued,
by Goddes blefied Ladie (that was euer his bthe)
1 woulde neuer haue won the courtefye of mennes
knees, with the lofie of foo many heades. But fithen
thynges pafied cannot be gaine called, muche oughte
wee the more beware, by what occafion we haue
taken loo greate hurte afore, that we eftefoones fall
not in that occafion agayne. Nowe be thofe griefes
pafled, and all is (Godde be thanked) quiete, and
likelie righte wel to profper in wealthfull peace
vnder youre cofeyns my children, if Godde fende
them and you loue. Of whiche twoo thinges,
life
the wer they by whome thoughe Godde
lefie lofle
dydde hys pleafure, yet fhoulde the realme alway
finde kinges and paraducnture as good kinges. But
yf you among your felfe in a childes
reygne fall at
debate, many a good man and happely
fhall perifh
he to, and ye to, ere thys land finde peace again.
Wherforc in thele laft wordes that euer 1 looke to
fpeak with you I exhort
:
you and require you al,
for the loue that you haue euer borne to me, for
the loue that I haue euer borne to you, for the loue
that our Lord beareth to vs all, from this time for-
warde, all grieues forgotten, eche of you loue
other. Whiche I
verelye trufte you will, if ye any
thing earthly regard, either Godde or your king,
affinitie or kinred, this realme, your owne coun-
trey, or your owne lurety. And therewithal the
king no longer enduring to fitte vp, laide him
down on his right fide, his face towarde them: and
none was there prefent that coulde refrain from
weping. But the lordcs recomforting him with as
good wordes as they could, and anfwering for the
time as thei thought to ftand with his pleafure,
there in his prefence (as by their wordes
appered)
eche forgaue other, and ioyned their hands
toge-
ther, when (as it after appeared by their dedes)
their hearts wer far a fonder. As fone as the king
was departed, the noble prince his fonne drew to-
ward London, which at the time of his deceafe,
kept his houihold at Ludlow in Wales. Which
countrey being far of from the law and recourfe to
iuftice, was begon to be farre oute of good wyll
and waxen wild, robbers and riuers walking at li-
bertie vncorreded. And for this enchealbn the
prince was in the life of his father feme thither, to
the ende that the authoritie of his prefence ftiould
refraine euill difpofedparfons fro the boldnes of
former outerages, to the gouernaunce and or-
their
dering of this yong prince at his fending thyther,
was there appointed Sir Anthony Woduile lord
Riuers and brother vnto the quene, a right ho-
nourable man, as valiaume of hande as politike in
VOL. I.
E.
counfaylc. Adioyned wer there vnto him other of
the fame partie, and in effect euery one as he was
nereft of kin vnto the quene, fo was. planted next
about the prince. That drifte by the quene not
vnwifely deuifed, whereby her bloode mighte of
youth be rooted in the princes fauour, the duke of
Gloucefter turned vnto their deftruccion, and vpon
that grounde fet the foundacion of all his vnhappy
building. For whom foeuer he perceiued, either
at variance wi?hthem, or bearing himfelf their fauor,
hee brake vnto them, fome by mouth, fom by
writing or fecret meflengers, that it neyther was
reafon nor in any wife to be fuffered, that the yong
king their mafter and kinfmanne, (hoold bee in the
handes and cuftodye of his mothers kinred, fe-
queftred in maner from theyr compani and at-
tendance, of which eueri one ought him as faith-
ful feruice as they, and manye of them far more
honorable part of kin then his mothers fide :
whofe blood (quod he) fauing the kinges pleafure,
was ful vnmetely to be matched with his: whiche
nowe to be as who fay remoued from the kyng,
and the lefie noble to be left aboute him, is (quod
he) neither honorable to hys mageftie, nor vnto
vs, and alfo to his grace no furety to haue the
mightieftof his frendes from him, and vnto vs no
little ieopardy, to futfer our welproued euil willers,
to grow in ouergret authoritie with the prince in
youth, namely which is lighte of beliefe and fone
perfwaded. Ye remember 1 trow king Edward
himfelf, albeit he was a manne of age and of dif-
crecion, yet was he in manye thynges ruled by the
bende, more then (lode either with his honour, or
our profite, or with the commoditie of any manne
els, except onely the immoderate aduauncement of
them felfc. Whiche whither they forer thirfted
after their owne weale, or our woe, it wer hard I
wene to gefle. And if fome folkes frendfhip had
not holden better place with the king, then any re-
fpect of kinred, thei might peraduenture eafily
haue be trapped and brought to confufion fomme
of vs ere this. Why not as eafily as they haue
done fome other alreadye, as neere of his royal
bloode as we. But our Lord hath wrought his wil,
and thanke be to his grace that peril is paite. Howe
be it as great is growing, yf wee fuffer this yonge
kyng in oure enemyes hande, whiche without his
wyttyng, might abufe the name of his commauii-
dement, to ani of our vndoing, which thyng God
and good prouifion forbyd. Of which good pro-
uifion none of vs hath any thing the lefle nede, for
the late made attonemente, in whiche the kinges
pleafure hadde more place then the parties willes.
Nor none of vs I beleue is fo vnwyfe, oucrfone to
trufte a newe frende made of an olde foe, or to
think that an houerly kindnes, fodaindy contract in
one houre continued, yet fcant a fortnight, Ihold
[k] be
 THE HISTORY OF THE
be deper fetled in their ftomackes then a long
: and to the queenes frendes there foo louyngelye,
accuftomed malice many yeres rooted. that they nothyngeearthelye my ftruftynge, broughte
With thefe wordes and writynges and fuche other, the kynge vppe in greate hafte, not in good fpede,
the duke of Gloucefter fone fet a fyre, them that with a fober coumpanye. Nowe was the king in
were of themfelf ethe to kindle, and in efpeciall his waye to London gone, from Northampton,

twayne, Edwarde duke of Buckingham, and Rich-
arde lorde Haftinges and chaumberlayn, both men
of honour and of great power. The tone by longe
fucceflionfrom his anceftrie, the tothtr by his office
and the kinges fauor. Thefe two n$ Bearing eche
to other fo muche loue, as hatred bothe vnto the
quenes parte : in this poynte accorded together
wyth duke of Glodcefter, that they wolde
the
vtterlye amoue fro the kinges companye, all his
mothers frendes, vnderthe name of their enemycs.
Vpon this concluded, the duke of Gloucefter vnder-
ftandyng, that the lordes whiche at that tyme were
aboute the kyng, entended to bryng him vppe to
his coronacion, accoumpanied with fuche power of
theyr frendes, that ic fhoulde bee harde for hym to
brynge his purpofe to pafie, without the gathering
and great afiemble of people and in maner of open
warre, whereof the ende he wifte was doubtous,
and which the kyng being on their fide, his part
in
fhould haue the face and name of a rebellion: he
fecretly therefore by diners meanes, caufed the
quene to be perfwaded and brought in the mynd,
that it neither wer nede, and alfo (hold be ieopard-
ous, the king to come vp ftrong. For where as
nowe euery lorde loued other, and none other thing
ftudyed vppon, but aboute the coronacion and ho-
noure of the king if the lordes of her kinred
: backe agayne, and compel! to retourne, anye manne
fhold affemble in the kinges name muche people,
thei mould geue the lordes atwixte whome and
them hadde bene fommetyme debate, to feare and
fufpedte, lefte they fhoulde gather thys people, not
for the kynges fauegarde whome no manne em-
when thefe dukes of Gloucefter and Buckyngham
came thither. Where remained behynd, the lorde
Riuers the kynges vncle, entendyng on the mo-
rowe to folow the kynge, and bee with hym at
Stonye Stratford miles thence, earcly or
hee departed. So Was there made that nyghte
muche frendely chere betwene thefe dukes and the
lorde Riuers a greate while. But incontinente afrer
that they were oppenlye with greate courtelye de-
parted, and the lorde Riuers lodged, the dukes
fecretelye with a fewe of their mofte priuye frendes,
fette them downe in counfayle, wherin they fpent a
great parte of the nyght. And at their rifinge in the
dawnyng of the day, thei fent about priuily to their
feruantes in the innesand lodgynges about, geuinge
them commaundemente to make them lelfe fhortely
readye, for their lordes wer to horfebackward.
Vppon whiche meflages, manyeof their folke were
attendaunt, when manye of the lorde Riut-rs fer-
uantes were vnreadye. Nowe hadde thefe dukes
taken alfo into their cuftodye the kayesof the inne,
that none flioulde pafie foorth without theyr li-
cence.
And ouer this in the hyghe waye toward Stonye
Stratforde where the kynge laye, they hadde bce-
ftowed certayne of theyr folke, that (houlde fcnde
that were gotten oute of Northampton toward
Sconye Stratforde, tyll they fhould geue other
lycence. For as mucbe as the dukes themfelfe en-
tended for the (hewe of theire dylygence, to bee the
fyrfte that (houlde that daye attende vppon the

pugned, but for theyr dtflruccion, hauying more kynges highnefle oute of that towne thus bare :

regarde to their old variaunce, then their newe at- they folke in hande. But when the lorde Ryuers
tonement. For whiche caufe thei fhoulde aflemble vnderftode the gates clofed, and the wayes on euerye
on the other partie muche people agayne for their fide befette, neyther hys fcruauntes nor hymfelf fuf-
defence, whofe power (he wyfte wel farre (tretched. fcred to.gooute, parceiuyng well fo greate a thyng
And thus fhould all the realme fall on a rore. And without his knowledge not begun for noughte,
cf al the hurte that therof (hould enfue, which was comparyng this maner prefent with this laft nightcs
likely not to be litle, and the moft harme there like chere, in fo few houres fo gret a
chaunge maruel-
to fal wher (he left would, al the worlde woulde ouflye mifliked. How be it fuhe hee coulde not
put her and her kinred in the wyght, and fay that geat awaye, and keepe himfelfe clofe, hee woulde
thei had vnwyfelye and vntrewlye alfo, broken the not, lefte he (houldc feeme to hyde himfelfe for
amitie and peace that the kyng her hufband fo pru- fome fecret feare of hys owne faulte, whereof he
denttlye made, betwene hys kinne and hers in his faw no luch cauie in hym felf he determined vppon
:

death bed, and whiche the other party faithfully the furetie of his own confcience, to goe boldelye
obferued. to them, and inquire what this matter myghte
The quene being in this wife perfwaded, fuche meane. Whome as foone as they fa we,
they be-
woorde lent vnto her fonne, and vnto her brother ganne to quarrell with hym, and laye, that hee in-
being aboute the kvrge, and ouer that the duke of tended to lette diftaunce beetweene the kynge and
Gloucefter hymltlfe and other lordes the chiefe of them, and to brynge them to confulion, but it
hys bende, wrote vnto the kyhge foo reuerentlye, fhoulde not lye in hys power. And when hee be-
6 ganne
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
ganne (as bee was a very
well fpoken manne) in his dayes in vre therewith, and therfore coulde
wife to excufe himfelf, they taryed not the beare it the better. But for al this coumfortable
goodly
ende of his aunfwere, but fhortely tooke him and courtefye of the duke of Gloucefter he fent the
and that done-, foorthwyth lord Riuers and the lorde Richarde with Sir Tho-
putte him in warde,
wente to horfebacke, and tooke the waye to Stonye mas Vaughan into the Norrhe countrey into diners
Stratforde. Where they founde the kinge wiih his places to prilbn, and afterward al to Pomfrait,

companie readye to leape on horfebacke, and departe where they were in conclufion beheaded.

forwarde, to leaue that lodging for them, becaufe it

was to ftreighte for bothe coumpanies. And as

A letter writteo with a cole by Sir THOMAS MORE
fone as they came in his prefence, they lighte to hysdoogNtermaiftresMAR GAR ErRopER, with-
adowne with allcompanie aboute them. To
their
in a whyle after he was prilbner in the Towre.
whome the duke of Buckingham
faide, goe afore

gentlemenne and yeomen, kepe youre rowmes.

.And thus in goodly arraye, thei came to the kinge,
^^ thankedownamgood
A/TYNE
in good I
doughter, our lorde be
helthe of bodye, and
and on theire knees in very humble wife, falued his in good quiet of tninde and of worldly thynges I
:

no moredefyer then I haue. I befeche hym make

grace ; whiche receyued them
in very ioyous and
amiable maner, nothinge eirthlye knowing nor
miftruftinge as yet. But euen by and by in his
prefence, they piked aquarell to the lorde Richarde
Graye, the kynges other brother by his mother,
fayinge that hee with the lorde marques his brother
you all mery in the hope of heauen. And fuch
thynges as I fomewhat longed to talke with you all,
concerning the worlde to come, our Lorde put theim
into your myndes, as I trufte he dothe and better to
by hys holy fpirite who blefie you and preferue
:

and the lorde Riuers his vncle, hadde coumpafied you all. Written wyth a cole by your tender louing
to rule the kinge and the realme, and to fette vari- father, who in hys pore prayers forgetteth none of
aunce among the ftat.es, and to fubdewe and de- you nor
all
your babes, nor your nurfes, nor your
ftroye the noble blood of the realm. Toward the good hufbandes, nor your good hufbandes flirewde
accoumplifhinge whereof, they fayde that the lorde wyues, nor your fathers fhrewde wyfe neither, nor
Marques hadde entered into the Tower of London, our other frendes. And thus fare ye hartely well
and thence taken out the kinges treafor, and fent for lacke of paper.
menne to the fea. All whiche thinge thefe duke* THOMAS MORE, knight.
wilte well were done for good purpoles and neceffari
by the whole counfaile at London, failing that Two fliort ballettes which Sir THOMAS MORE made
fommewhat thei muft fai. Vnto whiche woordes, for hyspaftyme while he was prilbner in the
the king aunfwered, what my brother Marques hath
Tower of London.
done I cannot faie. But in good faith I dare well
aunfwere for myne vncle Riuers and my brother LEWYS the loft louer.

here, that thei be innocent of any fuch matters.

Ye my liege quod the duke of Buckingham thei
Y flatering fortune, loke thou neuer fo fayre,
Or neuer fo plefantly begin to fmile,
haue kepte theire dealing in thefe matters farre fro
As though thou wouldft my ruine all repayre,
the knowledge of your good grace. And foorth- thou {halt not me begile.
with thei arrelted the lord Richarde and Sir Thomas During my life
Truft (hall 1 God, to entre in a while.
Waughan knighte, in the kinges prefence, and Hys hauen or heauen fure and vniforme.
broughte the king and all backe vnto Northampton, Euer after thy calme, loke I for a florme.
where they tooke againe further counfaile. And
there they fent awaie from the kinge whom itpleafed
DAUY the dycer.
them, and fette newe feruames aboute him, fuche as
lyked better them than him. At whiche dealinge T ONG was I lady Luke your feruing man,
'
hee wepte and was nothing contente, but it booted And now haue loft
agayne all that i gat,
nor. And at dyner the duke of Gloucefler fente a Wherfore whan I thinke on you nowe and than,
dime from hisowne table to thelordRiaers,prayinge And in my mynde remember this and that,
him to bee of goodchere, all fhould be well inough. Ye may not blame me though 1 befhrew your cat,
And he thanked the duke, and prayed the meflenger But in fayth I blefie you agayne a ihoufand times,
to beare it to his nephewe the lorde Richarde with For lending me now fome layiure to make rymes.
the fame meflage for his comfort, who he thought
had more nedeof coumfort, as one to whom fuch At the fame time with Sir Thomas Mere lived
aduerfitie was ftraunge. But himfelf had been al Skelton, the poet laureate of Henry VI1J. from whole
[ k ] 2 works.
 THE HISTORY OF THE
works it feems proper to infert a few ftanzas, though Defcription of Spring, wherein eche thing renewes,
he cannot be faid to have attained great elegance of fave only the lover.

language. H E foote feafon that bud, and bloome fourth

bringes,
The prologue to the Bouge of Courte. With grene hach cladde the hyll, and eke the vale,
TN Autumpne whan the fonne in vyrgyne The Nighringall with fethers new flie tinges j
By radyante hete enryped hath our corne The turtle to her mate hath told the talc :
When Luna full of mutabylyte Somer is come, for every fpray now fpringes,
As Emperes the dyadcme hath worne The hart hath hunge hys olde head on the pair,
Of our pole artyke, fmylynge halfe in fcorne The bucke in brake his winter coate he flynges ;
At our ibly and our v. ttedfaftnefle The fifhes flete with newc repayred fcale :

The time whan Mars to warre hym dyd dres, The adder all her Hough away file fiynges-,
I
callynge to mynde the greate audtoryte The fwift fwallow purfueth the flyes fmalle,
Of poeces olde, whiche full craftely The bufy bee her honey how fhe mynges ;
Vnder as couerte termes as coulde be Winter is worne that was the floures bale.
Can touche a trouth, and cloke fubtylly And thus I fee among thefe pleafant
thynges
With fresfhe vtteraunce full fentencyoully Eche care decayes, and yet
my forrow
fprynges.
Dyuerfe fome fpared not vyce to wryte
in ftyle
Some of mortalitie nobly dyd endyte
Defcripcion of the reftlefs eftate of a lover.
Whereby I rede, theyr renome and theyr fame
May neuer dye, but euermore endure HEN youth had led me half the race,
I was fore moued to a forfe the fame That Cupides fcourge had made me runne;
But ignoraunce full foone dyd me dyfcure I looked back to meet the place,
And (hewed that in this arte I was not fure From whence my weary courfe begunne :

For to illumine fhe fayd I was to dulle
Aduyfynge me my penne awaye to pulle
Andnot to wryte, for he fo wyll atteyne
Excedyng ferther than his connynge is
His heed maye be harde, but feble is brayne
Yet haue I knowen fuche er this
But of reproche furely he maye not mys
That clymmeth hyer than he may fotinge haue
And then I faw howe my defyre
Mifguiding me had led the waye,
Myne eyne to greedy of theyre hyre,
Had made me lofe a better prey.
For when in fighes I
fpent the day,
And could not cloake my grief with game ;
The boyling fmokedyd ftill bewray,
The prelent heat of fecret flame :

What and he flyde downe, who fhall him faue ? And when fak teares do bayne. my breaft,
Thus vp and downe my mynde was drawen and Where love his plealent
traynes hath fown,
caft Her beauty hath the fruytes
oppreft,
That I ne wyfte what to do was befte Ere that the buddes were fpronge and blowne.
So fore enwered that I was at the lafte And when myne eyen dyd ftill
purfue,
Enforfed to flepe, and for to take fome refte The flying chafe of theyre requeft ;
And to lye downe as foone as 1
my drefte Theyre greedy looks dyd oft renew,
At Harwyche porte flumbrynge as I laye The hydden wounde within my brefte.
In myne nodes houfe called powers keye. When every loke thefe cheekes might ftayne,
From dedly pale to glowing red ;
By outward fignes appeared playne,
Of the wits that flourifhed in the reign of To her for helpe harte was fled.
VIII. none has been more frequently cele-
my
Henry But all to late Love learneth me,
brated than the earl of Surry , and this hiftory would To paynt all kynd of Colours new ;
therefore have been imperfect without fome fpeci- To blynd theyre eyes that elfe fhould fee
mens of his works, which yet it is not eafy to diftin-
My fpeckled chekes with Cupids hew.
guifh from thofe of Sir Thomas Wyat and others, And now the covert breft I clam :, 1

with which they are confounded in the edition that That wormipt Cupide fecretely ;
has fallen into my hands. The three firft are, I And nourifhed hys lacred flame,
believe, 6'rr/s > the reft, being of the fame age, From whence no blairing fparks do
are fc.efted, ibme as examples of different meafures, flye.

and one as the oldelt competition whLh I have

fount] in blank verie.

Defcripcion
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Defcripcion of
the fickle Affections, Pangs, and I know to feke the trafte of my defyred foe,
Sleightes of Love.
And fere to fynde that 1 do feek, but chiefly this I
know,
UCH wayward wayes hath Love, that moft part That Lovers muft transfourme into the thynge be-
in dii'cord loved,
Our willes do (land, whereby our hartes but fel- And live (alas! who would believe ?) with fprite
dom do accord : from Lyfe removed.
Decyte hys delighte, and to begyle and mocke
is Iknowe in harty
fighesand laughters of the fpleene,
The fimple hartes which he doth ftrike
with fro- At once to chaunge my ftate, my will, and eke my
ward divers ftroke. colotfr clene.
He caufeth th' one to rage with golden burning I know how to deceyve my felf wythe others helpe,
darte, And how the I.yon chaftifed is, by beatynge of the
And doth alay with Leaden cold, again the others whelpe.
harte. In ftandy nge nere the fyre, I know how that I freafe ;

Whofe gleames of burning fyre and eafy fparkes of Farre of I burne, in bothe I wafte, and fo my Lyfe
flame, I lecfe.

In balance of unequal weyght he pondereth by ame Iknow how Love doth rage upon a yeyldingmynde,
From eafye ford where 1 myghte wade and pals full How fmalle a nete may take and mafe a harte of
we!!, gentle kynde :

He me withdrawes and doth me drive, into a depe Or with feldom fwete to feafon hepes of gall,
elfe
dark hell: Kevived with a glympfe of Grace old ibrrowes to
And me witholdes where I am calde and offred place, let fall.

And willes me that my mortal foe 1 do befcke of The hydden traynes I know, and fecret fnares of
Grace j Love,
He lettes me
to purfue a conqueft welnere wonne How foone a loke will
prynte a thoughte that never
To follow where my paynes were loft, ere that my may remove.
fute begunne. The flypper ftate I know, the fodein turnes from
So by this means know how
foon a hart may turne
1 wehhe
From warre to peace, from truce to ftryfe, and Ib The doubtfull hope, the certaine wooe, and fure
agayne returne. defpaired helthe.
I know how to content my fclf in others luft,
Of little ItufTe unto my lelf to weave a webbe of
A of his ladie.
truft: praife

And how to hyde my harmes with fole dyfiembling EVE place you ladies and be gone,
chere, Boafl not your felves at all,
Whan in my face the painted thoughtes would out- For here athande approcheth one,
wardly appeare. Whofe face will ftayneyou all.
I know how that the bloud forfakes the face for The vertue of her lively lookes
dred, Excels the precious ftone,
And how by flume ftiynes agayne the Chckes
it I wifhe to have none other bookes
with flaming red : To reade or look upon.
1know under the Grene, the Serpent how helurkes : In eche of her two chriftall eyes,
The hammer of the reftlefs forge 1 wote eke how it Smyleth a naked boy;
workes. It would you all in heart fufKfe
I know and con by roate the tale that I woulde tell To fee that lampe of joye.
But ofte the woordes come fourth awrye of him that I think nature hath loft the moulde,
loveth well. Where (he her (hape did take;
I know in hcate ^nd colde the Lover how he (hakes, Or elfe I doubte if nature coulde

In fynging how he doth complayne, in

deeping how So fayre a creature make.
he w. kes She may be well comparde
To languifh without ache, fickelefie for to confume, Unto the Phenix kinde,
A thoufdnd thynges for to devyfc, reiolvyngeof his Whofe like was never feene nor heard,
fume ; That any man can fynde.
And though he lyfle to fee his Ladyes Grace full In lyfe (he is Diana chalt
lore In trouth Penelopey,
Such pleafurcs as delyght hys Eye, do not his helthe In woord and eke in dede ftedfaft j
reftore. What will you more we fay :

If
 THE HISTORY OF THE
If all the world were fought fo farre, The Utening Macedon by fwordes, by gleaves,
Who could finde fuchc a wight, By bandcs and troupes of footemt-n, with his garde,
Her beauty twmkleth lykc a flarre Speedes to Dary, but hym Im tnereft kyn,
Within the Oxate prefcrves with horle:r>en on a plumpe
frofty night.
Before his carr, that charge mould give.
none his

The Lover refufed of his love, embraceth vertue. Here grunts, here groans, eche where ftrong youth
is
fpent:
Y youthfull yeres are part,
Shaking her bloudy hands, Bellone among
My joyfull dayes are gone,
The Peries foweth all kind of cruel death:
My lyfe it may not laft,
With throte yrent he roares, he lyeth along
My grave and I am one. His entrailes with a launce through gryded quyte,
My myrth and joyes are fled,
Hym fmytes the club, hym woundes farre
Itrykmg
And I a Man in wo, bowe,
Defirous to be ded,
And him the fling, and him the mining fwordj
My mifciefe to forego.
He dyeth, he is all dead, he panics, he reftcs.
[ burne and am a colde,

I freefe amyddes the fyer,

Right over ftoode in fnowwhite armour brave,
The Memphite Zoroas, a cunnyng clarke,
J fee me doth vvitholde
To whom the heaven lay open as his booke;
That my honeft defyre.
is
And in celeftiall bodies he could tell
I fee my helpe at hande,
The moving meeting light, afpeifr, eclips,
I fee my lyfe alfb,
And influence, and constellations all;
I fee where fhe doth ftande
What earthly chaur.ces would betyde, what yere,
That is
my deadly fo. Of plenty (torde, what figne forewarned death,
I fee how (he doth fee,
How winter gendreth fnow, what temperature
And yet fhe wil be blynde, In the prime tyde doih feafon well the foyle,
I fee in helpyng me,
Why fummer burnes, why autumnehath ripe grapes,
She fekes and wil not fynde. Whither the circle quadrate may become,
I fee how me doth wrye, Whether our tunes heavens harmony can yelde
When I
begynne to mone,
come
Of four begyns among themfelves how great
I fee when I
nye,
Proportion is-, what (way the erryng lightes
How fayne (he would be gone. Doth fend in courfe gayne that fy rft movy ng heaven ;
what wil ye more,
I fee
What grees one from another diftance be,
She will me gladly kill,
What (tarr doth let the hurtfull fyre to rage,
And you [hall fee therfore
Or him more mylde what oppoficion makes,
That (he (hall have her will.
What fyre doth qualifye Mavorfes fyre,
cannot live with ftones,
I
What houfe eche one doth feeke, what plannett
It istoo hard a foode,
raignes
I wil be dead at ones
Within this heaven fphere, nor thatfmall thynges
To do my Lady good. I whole heaven he clofeth in his breit.
fpeake,
This fage then in the ftarres hath fpyed the fates
The Death of ZOROAS, an Egiptian aftronomer,
Threatned him death without delay, and, fith,
in the firft that Alexander had with the
fight He faw he could not fatall order chaunge,
Perfians.
Foreward he preft in battayle,
that he mig-ht

"^ O W clattring armes, now raging broyls of warre, Mete with the rulers of the Macedons,
*
Gan
pafle the noys of dredfull trumpetts clang, Of his right hand defirous to be (lain,
Shrowded with fhafts, the heaven with cloude of The bouldeft borne, and worthieft in the feilde;
dartes, And as a wight, now wery of his lyfe,
Covered the ayre. Againft full fatted bulles, And feking death, in fyrft front of his rage,
As forceth kyndled yre the lyons keene, Comes delperately to Alexanders face,
Whofe greedy gutts the gnawing hunger prickes; At him with dartes one after other throvves,
So Macedons againft the Perfians fare, With recklefle wordes and clamour him provokes,
Now corpfes hyde the purpurde foyle with blood -,
And fayth, Nedlanaks baltard fhamefull (layne
Large (laughter on eche fide, but Perles more, Of mothers bed, why lofell thou thy rtrokes,
Moyft ficldes bebled, theyr heartes and numbers Cowardes among, Turn thee to me, in cafe

bate, Manhood there be fo much left in thy heart,

Fainted while they gave backe, and fall to flighte. Come fight with me, that on my helmet weare
Apollo's
 ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
Apollo's laurell both
for learnings laude, Barclay wrote about 1550 ; his chief work is the
And eke for martiall praife, that in my fhieldc Ship of Fcoles, of which the following extract will
The feven fold Sophi of Minerve contein, fhew his ftyle.
A match more mete, Syr King, then any here.
The noble prince amoved takes ruth upon
Of Mockers and Scorners, and falfe Accufers.
The wilfull wight, and with foft words ayen, HEARTLESS fooks, hade here to our doctrine,
monftrous man (quoth he) what fo thou art, Leaue off the wayes of your enormitie,
Enforce you to
pray thee live, ne do not with thy
1 death my preceptes to encline,
This lodge of Lore, the Mufes manfion marre; For here fhall I fhewe you good and veritie :

That treafure houfe this hand thall never fpoyle,
My fword fliall never bruife that fkillful brayne,
Long gathered heapes of fcience fone to fpill ;
O howe fayre fruites may you to mortall men
From Wifdoms garden give; how many may
Encline, and ye finde lhall great profperitie,
Enfuing the doctrine of our fathers olde,
And godly lawes in valour worth great golde.
Who that will followe the graces manyfolde
Which are in vertue, fhall finde auauncement:

By you the wifer and the better prove: Wherfore y fooles that in your finne are bolde,
What error, what mad moode, what frenzy thee Enfue ye wifdome, and leaue your lewde intenr,
Perfwades to be downe, fent to depe Averne, Wifdome is the
way of men moft excellent:
Where no artes flourifh, nor no knowledge vailes Therfore haue done, and fliortly fpede your pace,
For all thefe fawes. When thus the ibvereign To quaynt your felf and company with grace.
faid, Learne what is vertue, therin is great folace,
Alighted Zoroas with fword unfheathed,
Learne what is truth, fadnes and prudence,
The carelefs king there fmoate above the greve, Let grutche be gone, and grauitie purchafe,
At th' opening of his quifhes wounded him, Forfake your folly and inconuenience,
So that the blood down trailed on the ground : Ceafe to be fooles, and ay to fue offence,
The Macedon perceiving hurt, gan gnafhe, Followe ye vertue, chiefe roote of godlynes,
But yet his mynde he bent
in any wife For it and wifedome is ground of clenlynes.
Hym to f.rbeare, fett fpurrs unto his ftede, Wifedome and vertue two thinges are doubtles,
And turnde away, left anger of his fmarte Whiche man endueth with honour fpeciall,
Should caufe revenger hand deale balefull blowes. But fuche heartes as flepe in foolilhnes
But of the Macedonian chieftaines knights, Knoweth nothing, and will nought know at all:
One Meleager could not bear this fight, But in this little
barge in principall
But ran upon the faid Egyptian rude, All foolifh mockers 1
purpofe to repreue,
And cut him in both knees: he fell to ground, Claw'e he his backe that feeleth itch or greue.
Wherewith a whole rout came of fouldiours Mockers and fcorners that are harde of beleue,
fterne, With a rough comb here will I clawe and grate,
And pieces hewed the fely
all in feg, To-proue if they will from their vice remeue,

But happely the foule fled to the ftarres, And leaue their folly, which caufeth great debate:
Where, under him, he hath full fight of all, Suche caytiues fpare neyther poore man nor eftate,
Whereat he gazed here with reaching looke. And where their felfe are moft worthy derifion,
The Perfians waild fuch fapience to forgoe, Other men to fcorne is all their moft condition.
The very fune the Macedonians wifht Yet are mo fooles of this abufion,
Me would have lived, king Alexander felfe Whiche of wife men defpifeth the doctrine,
Demde him a man unmete to dye at all; With mowes, mockes, fcorne, and collufion,
Who wonne like praife for conqueft of his Yre, Rewarding rebukes for their good difcipline:
As for ftoute men in field that day fubdued, Shewc to fuche wifdome, yet fhall they not encline
Who princes taught how to difcerne a man, Unto the fame, but let nothing therby,
'

That in his head fo rare a jewel beares, But mocke thy doctrine, ftill or
openly.
But over all thofe fame Camenes, th-ofe fame, So in the worlde
appeareth commonly,
it

Divine Camenes, whofe honour he procurde, That who that will a foole rebuke or blame,
As tender parent doth his daughters wcale, A mocke or mowe fhall he haue by and by:
Lamented, and tor thankes, all that they can, Thus in derifion haue fooles their fpeciall game.
Do cherifh hym deceaft, and fett him free, Correct a wife man that woulde elchue ill name,
From dark oblivion of devouring death. And fayne would learne, and his lewde life amende,
And to thy wordes he gladly fhall intende.
If
 THE HISTORY OF THE
If by misfortune a rightwife man offende,
He gladly fuffercth a iufte correction,
And him that him teacheth taketh for his frende,
About the year 1553 wrote Dr. Wtlfon, a nun
celebrated for the politcnefs of his ftyle, and the
extent of his knowledge what w.is the (late of our
:

Him putting mekely unto fubiedtion,

felfe language in his time, the following may be of ufe
Folowing his prcceptes and good direction: to mow.
But yf that one a foole rebuke or blame,
He mall his teacher hate, (launder and diffame. TDRonunciation an aptc orderinge bothe of the
is

Howbeit his wordes oft turne to his own fliame, voyce, countenauncc, and all the whole bodye,
And his owne darces rttourneto him agayne, accor lynge to the worthines of fuche woordes and
And fo is he fore wounded with the fame, mater as by fpeache are declared. The vfe
And in wo
endeth, great mifery and payne. hereof is fuche for anye one that liketh to haue
It alfo proued full often is certayne, prayfe for tellynge his talein open afcmblie, that
That they that on mockers alway their mindes caft, a
hauing good tongue, and a comelye countenaunce,
Shall of all other be mocked at the laft. he (hal be thought to paffe all other that haue the
He that goeth right, ftedfaft, fure, and faft, like vtteraunce thoughe they haue much better
:

May him well mocke that goeth halting and lame,
And he that is white may well his fcornes caft,
Agaynft a man of Inde but no man ought to blame
: maner, as a fwete foundynge lute muche fctteth
Anothers vice, while he vleth the fame.
But who that of finne is cleaneindeedeand thought,
May him well fcorne whofe liuing is ftarke nought.
The fcornes of Naball full dere mould haue been
bought,
If Abigayl his wife difcrete and fage,
Had not by kindnes right crafty meanes fought,
The wrath of Dauid to temper and affwage.
Hath not two beares in their fury and rage
Two and fortie children rent and torne,
For they the prophete Helyfeus did fcorne.
So might they curfe the time that they were borne,
For their mocking of this prophete diuine:
So many other of this fort often mourne
For their lewde mockes, and fall into ruine.
Thus is
foly for wife men to encline,
it
To this lewde flocke of fooles, for fee thou fliall
Them mofte fcorning that are moft bad of all.
The Lenuoy of Barclay to the fooles.
Ye mocking fooles that in fcorne fet your ioy,
Proudly defpifing Gods punition:
learning.. The tongue geueth a certayne grace to
euerye matter, and beautifieth the caufe in like
forthe a meane deuifed ballade. Or as the founde
of a good inftrumente ttyrreth the hearers, and
moueth muche delite, fo a cleare foundyng voice
comforteth muche our deintie eares, with muche
fwete melodic, and caufeth vs to allowe the matter
rather for the reporters fake, then the reporter for
the matters fake. Demofthenes therforc, that fa-
moufe oratour, beyng aflced what was the chiefeft
point in al oratorie, gaue the chiefe and onely
praife to Pronunciation ; being demaunded, what
was the feconde, and the thirde, he (till made
aunfwere, Pronunciation, and would make none
other aunfwere, till
they lefte afkyng, declaryng
hereby that arte without vtteraunce can dooe no-
thyng, vtteraunce without arte can dooe right
muche. And no doubte that man is in outwarde
apparaunce halfe a good clarke, that hath a cleane
tongue, and a comely gefture of his body. ^Efchines
lykwyfe L'eyng bannifhed his countrie through De-
mofthenes, when he had redde to the Rhodians his
own oration, and Demofthenes aunfwere thereunto,
by force whereof he was bannifhed, and all they
marueiled muche at the excellencie of the fame :

Take ye example bv Cham the fonne of Noy,
Which laughed his father vnto derifion,
Which him after curfed for his
tranfgrefilon,
And made him fcruaunt to all his lyne and ftocke.
So mail ye caytifs at the conclufion,
Since ye are nought, and other fcorne and mocke.
then (q d .flSfchines) you would have marueiled
muche more if you had heard hymfclfe fpeak it.
Thus beyng caft in miferie and bannifhed foreuer,
he could not but geue fuch greate reporte of his
deadly and mortal ennemy.

Thus have I deduced the Englijb language from eafily traced, and the gradations obferved, by which
the age of Atfredm that of Elizabeth; in fome parts it advanced from its firft rudenefs to its preieat
imperfectly for want of materials; but I hope, at elegance,
leaft, in fuch a manner that its progrels may be

A GRAM.;
 R M M A R
OF THE

ENGLISH TONGUE.
G RAM MAR. which \ftheart oftifing'worJs properly, com
prifes four parts;
and Profody.
Orthography, Etymology, Syntax

In this divifion and order of the parts of grammar I folio* the common gram
To thefe
fally ufed in printing
may be added
and &, or and'per fe, and.
(t, a, a, a, ff, ft,
;

a, 8, te,
certain combinations of letters univer-
as <S, ft, fl, fl,

m, <t .
fb,
r
flc, ff,

l>ft,fl,ft,Jb,Jk,ff,j ,f;> fj;,Ji,ffi, gl,

fl", fi, fli, fi, ffi, ffl,

l
*.

marians, without enquiring whether t fitter distribution might not be (bum

Experience has long fnowu this method to be fo ditKnft ai to obviate confuuon
Our letters are commonly reckoned twenty-four, becaufe anciently i and /,
and fo comprehenfive as to prevent any inconvenient omiflions. I likewife u as well as u and v, were expreffed by the fame character ; but at thofe letters,
the terms already received, and already nderftood, though perhaps others mor which had always different powers, have now different forms, our alphabet
may
be properly faid to conlifl of twenty-fix letters.
proper might fometimes be invented. Sylburgius, and other innovators, whol
new terms have fynk their learning into negleft, have left fufficieut warnin None of the fmall confonants have a double form, except/, > ; of which/is
ufed in the beginning and middle, and t at the end.
againft the trifling ambition of teaching arts in a new language.

ORTHOGRAPHY is the art of combining letters into

fyllalhs Vowels are five> a, e, i, o> u.
nd fyllables into 'words. It therefore teaches
previously the form '

Such 5s the number generally received ; but for it is the

and found of letters.
praftice to write y in the end of words, as thy, holy ; before /,
as from die, dying ; from
The letter* of the EHglifh laaguage are, beautify, beautifying ; in the words fays,
days, eyes ; and in words derived from the Greek, and written
Saxon. Roman. Italick. Old Englifh. Name. originally with v, nsfiffem, o-vrvn* fympathy, o-i/ftn-aSn*.
T: a A a A a 38 a For we often write iu after a vowel, to make a diphthong {
B b B b B b 25 b ie as rafui, gre<u>, 'uievi, rvo i\u, fio-iuing, lo'uineft.
E c C c C e C / The founds of all the letters are various.
D b D d D d Jet In treating on the letters, I fhall not, like fome other grammarians,
enquire
e e E e e t <
t into the original of their form, as an antiquarian ; nor into their formation and

F F f F f f prolation by the organs of fpcech, as a mechanick, anatomift, or phyfiologifl ;

r
E 7>
G g G g 3 8
nor into the properties and gradation of founds, or the elegance or harfhnefs of
particular combinations, as a writer of univerfal and tranfcendental grammar. I
fe h H h H h eitck confider the Englifh alphabet only as it is Englifh ; and even in this narrow dif-
I i I i I i quifition, 1 follow the example of former grammarians, with more reve-
perhaps
rence than judgment, becaufe by writing in Englifh I fujpofe my reader
J J J confonant, with
already
K k K k ka.
icquainted
of which
the Englifh language, and confequen'Jy able to pronounce the
teach
I the pronunciation ; and becaufe of founds in general it
L 1 L 1 L I % I //
letters,
may be obfcrved, that words are unable to defcribe them. An account therefore
TO m M m M m $1 m em of the primitive and fur.ple letters is ufclefa alinoft alike to thofe who know their
N n N n N , M n M bund, and thofe who know it not.

O o O o O o O o
P P P P P P fie
Of VOWELS.
R n
^
R
q
r r
4D
fc
(]

t?
cue
A.
6 S fs S f, A has three founds, the flender, open, and broad.
T I T t T t t tee
A flender is found in moft words, as face, mane; and in word*
U u U a U u U " (or tia
nding in atioti, as creatien,faliiatior., generation.
V v V T V i, D b *> confonant,
The a flender is the proper Englifh a, called very juftly by
Erpenius, in hii
W p
W w W TV ID to doable u
krabick Grammar, a
Anglicum cum e niftum, as having a middle found between
The French have a fimilar found in the wo:d
X x X X X $ f <*
ic open a and the i.
heir c mafculine.
and in (ail,

X y Y y p '"y A
Z z Z z
g.
& more open is the a of the Italian, or nearly fefembles it ; as
3 zed, c
ather, rather, congratulate, fancy, glafs.
commonly izzard A
broad refembles the a of the German ; as all, <wall, call.
or uxx.ard, that is
Many words pronounced with a broad were anciently written with au, at
/bar*. Wt, mault ; and we ftill lay fault, wult, wa the Saxon found,
VOL, I. Ttyis probably
E for
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
for it *t ret retained in the northern d'.uicfts, and in the ruftick pronunciation ; Women is pronounced ivimea,
at maun for man, taunj tot ktrd.

The fhort a to the a open, as graft. The fliort e has fometimes the found of a clofe a, as/or, csir.t,
approaches
The long a, if prolonged by e at the end of the word, is al-
O coalefces into a diphthong with a, te moan, groan, approach j
ways (lender, is graze, fame.
a has the found of o long.
A formsa diphthong only with or j, and u or w. Ai or ay, /'

as in plain, wain, gay, clay, has only the found of the long and" U united to f in fome words derived from Creek, as te -ntt^y but ct being j

(lender a, and differs not in the pronunciation from plane, wane. not n Englilh diphthong, they are better written aj they are founded, with only t,.
Au or mv has the found of the German a, as raw, naughty.
At is fometimcs found in Latin words not completely natural'fed or affimi- With /, as oil, foil, moil, noifome.
lited, but is no EngUfli diphthong ; and is more properly cxprciled by fingle t,
as C'JJr, Entas. Thjs coalition of letters feems to unite the founds of the two letters as far as
\vo founds can be united without being deftroyed, and therefore approaches more
E. nearly than any combination in our tongue to the notion 01' a diphthong.
E is the letter which occurs moft frequently in the Englifh language.
With o, as boot, hoot, cooler ; oo has the found of the Italian *.
E is
long, as infceue ; or fhort, as in cellar, feparate, celebrate, With or w, as our,power, flower ; but in fome words has
men, then. only the found -of o long, as itijiul, &vwl,/ow, grew. TJiefe dif-
It is always fhort before- a double confonant, or two.confo- ferent founds are ufed to difiinguifh different jigijificatipns ; as
nants, as in 'vex, perplexity, rile/it, medlar, reptilt,ferpiHt, cellar, bow, an inflrument for mooting ; bow, a deprefiion of the head :
elation, btijjlng, fell, felling, debt. fonv, the fhe of a boar ; foi'j, to fcatter feed bowl, an orbicular :

E is always mute at the end of a word, except in monofylla- x>dy ; bowl, a wooden veffel.
bles that have no other vowel, as the ; or proper names, as Pe- Ou fometimes pronounced like o foft, as court ; fometimes
is

nelope, Pbebe, Derbe ; being ufed to modify the foregoing

con- 'ike o fhort, as cough
; fometimes like clofe, as could ; or u open,
fonant, asyJk-f, ence, hedgi, oblige ; or to lengthen the preceding as rough, tough ; which ufe only can teach.
*

vowel, as ban, can, cane; pin, flue; ti-n,

b'.r.i ; tune; rob,
Ou is frequently ufed in the laft fyllable of words which in Larin end in or, and
ills ; pop, pope ; fir, fire ; cur, cure ; tub, tube. are made Engliih, as bcncur, Idbiur, favour, trorh bcr.'.'i-', lator favar. t

Almoft all words which now terminate in con/brunts ended anciently in e, as Some late innovators have ejected the u, without considering that the Inftfy!-
,ab!e gives the found neither of or nor ur, but a found b-rtwe^r. them, if nut
y are probably d-jr^.cd to us from the French
pounded of both ; ix-fides tliat they
nouns in em, as btnxrur, favc ur.
ws perhaps time vocal or filent in poetry, as convenience requirej ; but
for a it

has been long wholly mute. Camden in his Rtmains calls it the nlent t. U.
It does not always lengthen the foregoing vowel, as glove, live, U is long
in ffe, confujion ; or fhort, as us, eoncu,pon.
give. It coalefces with a, e, i, o ; but has rather in thefe combina-
It has fometimes in the end of words a found obfcure, and tions the force of the w, as quaff", queft, ai/it, ajiiic, languijb ;
Scarcely perceptible, as open, Jhapcn, Jbotten, tbiftle, participle fometimes in ui the lofes its found, as in juice.
/' It is fometimes
mute before a, c, i,y, as guard, gueft, guije, biy.
This faintnefe of found is found when < feparatcs a mute from a liquid, as in
rMen ;
or follows a mute and liquid, as in cattle.
U is followed by in virtue, but the e has no fo_und.
Ue is fometimes mute at the end of a worJ, in imitation of the French, as/-
E
forms a diphthong with a, as near ; with z, as deign, receive; rogue,f}nag'>gue,flagut, vague, iarM^ue.
and with u or w, us new, few.
Ea long, as mean dear, clear\ ncar~ Y.
-
founds like e r or like ee, as
Ei is founded like e lon, as feize, perceiving.
T is
a vowel, which, as Quintilian obferves of one of the Ro-
Eu founds as u long and foft.
man letters, we might want without inconvenience, but that we
E, a, u, are combined in beauty and its derivatives, but have
have it. It fupplies the place of/ at the end of words, as thy ;
only the found of a. before an /, as dying ; and is commonly retained in derivative
E may be faid to form a diphthong by reduplicatioa, as agree,
words where it was nart of a diphthong in the primitive ; as de-
filliping. pray, prayer ; fay,
ft roy, dcflroyer ; betray, betrayed, betrayer ;

found in yetraen, where

o is it is founded as e fhort; and in fiofh, where i
j'aycr ; day, days.
is pronounced like u. ufed where now
r
being ttie Sanon vowel y, which was commonly i is put,
occurs very frequently in all old books.

/has a found, long, as/la*; and fhort, as/w. GENERAL RULES.

That is eminently obfervable in i, which may be likcwife remarked in othc A vowel in the before two con--
is not the long found contracted, but a found wholl
beginning or middle fyllable,
letters, that the ftort found fhort, as opportunity.
dift'erent.
fonants, is commonly
In monofyllables a fingle vowel before a fingle confonant IS:

The long fannd in monofyllables L always marked by the t

fhort, as flag, .frog.
final, as thin, thine.
if were wrote tnetay.
pronounced as
it
often founded before r as a fhort u ; zs. flirt, firft, Jhirt.
I is Many is

It forms a diphthong only with e, as field, Jh'ie'.d, which is

founded as the double ee; except friend, which is founded as Of CONSONANTS..
frend. B.
and no in vino which triphthong) are founded obtains in other Ian..
I is joined with <u in
u.
lieu, ;
a:
B has one unvaried found, fuch as it
Ike p ;.
tli^C *

o. It is mute in debt, debtor, fubtle, doubt, lamb, limb, dumb,

O is long, as bant, 'sbiditnt, corrvding ; or fhort, &s~lloci, knock, thumb, climb, comb, womb.
It it ufed before I and r, as Hack,
c, lull*
 E N G L I S ,H TONGUE.
C. J,
C has before e and
of/; / the found
Jtncfrelj, .as centrick, cen- J confonant founds uniformly like the foft g, and is therefore

tury, circular, 'ci/lern, city, jiccity : before a, a, and , it founds a letter ufelefs, except in etymology, as ejaculation, jeftlr, jocund-,
like t, as calm, concavity, coffer, incorporate, curiojtty, co/icufif- juice.
cence.
K.
C might be omitted in the language without lofs, finre one of its founds might
be fupplied by/, and the othc. by *, but that it preferves to the eye the etj mologj
K has the (bund of hard is ufed before e and i, where,
c, and
according to Englifh analogy, c vvoiild be foft,
'as kept, king,
of words, as face from facits, caft'rve from aftivus.
flirt, Jkcptick, for fo it fliould be written, not fcep tick, becaufe/
Ch has a found which is analyfed into tjh, as church, chin, is founded like/, as mfcene.
trutcb. ft is the fame found which the Italians give to the c
It is ufed before as knell, trot, but totally lofes its found in modern pro-
fimple before / and c, as cilia, cerro.
,
nunciation.
Ch is founded like k in words derived from the Greek, as
".'.ft, febeme,
cbohr. Arch is commonly founded ark befor* a K is never doubled ; but c is ufed before it to fhorten tha
vowel, as archangel; and with the Englifh found of cb before a vowel by a double confonant, as cockle, fickle.
confonant, as archbijhop.
L.
Cb, in fome French words not yet aflimihteJ, founds like jb, as machine,
cbaift.
L has in Englifh the fame liquid found as in other languages.
C, having no determinate found, according to Eng!i/h ortlngranhy, ntvfr ends
rd ; therefore we write Thecuftom is to double the I at the end of rnonofyllables, as HII, ivill,full.
f,iik, bh;k, which b'.cckc, in
v-
-.-,

i'jch words. C is now mute. Thefe words were originally written ki!U, vvillt, fulli ; and when the e firft
ac-
It is ufed before /and r, is clxk, crofs. grew filent, and was afterwards omitted, the //was retained, to give force,
cording to the analogy of our language, to the foregoing vowel.

D.
L is fometimes mute, as in calf, half, halves, calves, could,
Is uniform in its found, as death, diligent. would, jhould, pfalm, talk, falmcn, falcon.

and as dwell.
The Saxons, who delighted in guttural founds, fometimes afpirated the / ar
It is ufed before r, as drtvi, drift w,
lord; but this
j
the beginning of words, as hlaj:, a leaf, or bread; hlapofiS,
pronunciation is now difufed.

Le at the end of words is pronounced like a weak el, in which

F, though having a name beginning with a vowel, is num- the e is almoil mute, as table, Jbuttle.
bered by the grammarians among the femi-vowels ; yet has this
quality of a mute, that it is commodioufly founded before a M.
liquid, us Jiajk , fly , freckle. It has an unvariable found,
except
that of is fometimes fpokcn nearly as ov. AThai always the fame found, as murmur, monumental.

N.
G.
G has two founds one hard, as in gay, go, gun; the other
N has always the fame found, as noble, manners.
N fometimes mute after m, as damn, condemn,
is hymn.
foft, as ingem, giatit.
At the end of a word it is always hard, ring,fnug, fang, frog. P.
Before e and / the found is uncertain.
G before e as gem, generation, except in
is foft,
P has always the fame found, which the WeHh and Germans
gear, geld, confound with B.
getfe, get, ge*wga<w, and derivatives from words ending in g, as m
P is fometimes mute, as in pfalm, and between and /, as
Jinging, ftrtnger, and generally before er at the end of \vords, as
tempt.
Jlnger.
G mute before
Ph is ufed for/ in words derived from the Greek, as fhilofa-
is n, as g''.afo,Jign, foreign.
G before hard, as give, except in giant, gigantic, gibbet,
/' is pher, philanthropy, Philip.

gibe, giblets, Giles, gill, gilljf.oiver , gin, ginger, gingle, to which

may be added Egypt and gypfey.
<, as in other languages, is always followed by u, and has a
Gh, in the beginning of a word, has the found of the hard g,
as gbajlly ; in the middle, and fometimes at the end, it is found which our Saxon anceftors well exprefled by cp, ciu, as
quite
quadrant, queen, ejue/!rian, quilt, enquiry, quire, quotidian, >u is
filent, as though, right, fought, fpoken tho'', rite,foute.
It has often at the end the found of/, as whence never followed by u.
laugh, laugh-
ter retains the fame found in the middle >u is fometimes founded, in words derived from the French,
; cough, trough, fougb-,
like k, as conquer, liquor, ri/que, chequer.
ttugh, enough Jlough , .

It is not to be doubted, but that in the original

pronunciation gb had R.
the force of a confonant, deeply guttural, which i> ftill continued anuug the
Scotch. R has the fame rough fnarling found as in other tongues.
G is ufed before i, I, and r.
The Saxons nfed often to put b before it, as before / at the
beginning of
words.
H. Kb ufed in words derived from. the Greek, as tnyrrb, myrrbint,
is
catarrieut,
H is a note of
afpiration, and (hows that the following vowel
rheum, rbutrmttick, rbymt.

mult be pronounced with a ftrong emiffion of breath, as hat, Re, at the end of fome words derived from the Latin or
horfe. French, is
pronounced like a weak er, as theatre, fepulchre.
It feldom begins any but the firft fyllable, in which it is
Always founded with a full breath, except in heir, herb, hoftltr, S.
honour, humble, honejl, humour, and their derivatives.
5 has a hifling found, TA fibilatitn, fifter.
It fi.metimes begini middle ot final fylhbles in wordj A
compounded, fingle feldom ends any word, except in the third perfon of verbs, as
"f derived iron) the Latin, as ttm
ym/s and the plurals of nouns, as trees,
lavti, j tujtei, dijtrtjjet ; the j>ron.>uns
g 1 this,
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
tl-ii,Hi, tan, y-trt, ui ; tne tdrerb ttui ; and words derived from Latin, a:
Z.
rttn, jurflut ; the tltl'e being always cither in ft, ai bouji, tcrfe, or in/i, as

grefi, Jreji, t/ifs, Itfi, anciently grtji, drrjft, Z begins no word originally Englifh ; it has the found, a
its name izzard, or f hard expreffes, of an with clofer f uttered
5 fingle, at the end of words, has a grofler found, like
that of compreffion ef the palate by the tongue, as freeze, froze.
, as trees, tyei, except this, thus, us, rebus , furplus .
It founds like x. before ion, if a vowel In orthography I have fuppofed crltitfy, or jvjt uttiranci of viirdt, to be in-
goes before, as intr.ufan ;
cluded ; orthography being only the art of exprdling certain founds by
and like/, follows a confonant, as coniierjion.
if it proper
characters. 1 have therefore obferved in what words
It founds like x. before e mute, as and before _y final, as any of the letters are
refufe, mute.
rofy ; and in thofe words bofom, tlefire, inifdom, prifon, prifoner, Moft of the writers of Englifii grammar have given long tables of words pro.
frefent, prefent, damfel, cafement. nounced othcrwife than they arc written, and feem not Sufficient] y to have
confidcred, that of Engli/h, as of all living tongues, there is a double pro-
It it the peculiar
quality of/, that it may be founded before all confonants, nunciation, one curfory and colloquial, the other regular and folemn. The
except x and x, in which j is comprised, x being only ks, and K a hard or tirtory pronunciation is always vague and uncertain, being made different in
This different mouths by negligence, unfkilfulnefs, or aftgiil.ition. The folemn pr .-
grofs/. /
is therefore termed
by grammarians jute ptltftatu lit-.ra ; the
though by no means immutable anil permanent, is yet alw.ij
1

reafon of which the learned Dr. Clarke erroneoufly luppoh-a to be, that in nunciation,
fome words it might be *jublcd at pleafurc. Thus we find in fevcral lan- lefs remote from the orthography, and lefs liable to capricious innovation.
guages : They have however generally formed their tablet according to the curfory
zCini/jui, fcattfr,jdcgno, fdrucaolo, ffavelfare, (njwyf, fgczibrare, fgraruzrc, fpccch of thofe with whom they happened to converfe ; and concluding that
the whole nation combines to vitiate language in one manner, have often
fl&kt, Jlumbfr, fmcll, jnipt, ff>Jce t jpleitdour 9 fpring, fqueezc, jibrwv, flep t jlrcngtb,
eltabliihed the jargon of the lowed of the people ai the model of
jlramm, ftrift, fventura, ftvell. Jpeech.
For pronunciation the beft general rule is, to confider thole of the mod ele-
S is mute in gant fpeakers who deviate leaft from the written words.
ijle, ifland, demefne, 'vifcount.
There have been many fchcmes offered for the emendation and fcttlement of
our orthography, which, like that of other nations, being formed by chance,
T. or according to the fancy of the earlier}, writers in rude ages, was at firfl very
various and uncertain, and is yet fumciently irregular. Of thefe reformers
7" hascuftoraary found, as take, temptation.
its
fome have endeavoured to accommodate orthography better to the pronunci-
Ti before a vowel has the found of fi, a.sfal<vation, except an ation, without confidering that this is to mcafure by a fliadow, to take that for
J goes before, as quejiion ; excepting likewife derivatives from a model or ftandard which is changing while they apply it. Others, lefs
words ending in ty, as mighty, mightier. abfurdly indeed, but with equal unlikelihood of fucceis, have endearoured to
the number of letters to that of founds, that every found may have
Tb has two founds ; the one foft, as thus, whether ; the other proportion
its own character, and Such would be the.
every character a fingle found.
hard, as thing, think. Thle found is foft in thefe words, then, orthography of a new language to ft formed by a fynod of grammarian:;
thrnct, and there, with their derivatives and compounds ; and in upon principles of fciencc. But who can hope to prevail on nations to change
their practice, and make all their old books ufelefs ? or what advantage would
that, thefe, tbou, thee, thy, thine, their, they, this, thofe, them,
a new orthography procure equivalent to the confufion and perplexity of fuch
though, thus, and in all words between two vowels, as father, an alteration ?
ivhether ; and between r and a vowel, as burthen. Some of thefe fchemes I ihall however exhibit, which may be ufcd according
In other words it is hard, as thick, thunder, faith, faithful. to the diverfities of genius, as a guide to reformers, or terrour to innovator*.
Where foftened at the end of a woid, an e filent muft be
it is One of the firft who propofed a fcheme of regular orthography, was Sir
Thomas Smith, fecretary of ftate to Queen Elizabeth, a man of real learning,
added, as breath, breathe ; cloth, clothe.
and much practifed in grammatical difquilitions. Had he written the following
lines according to his fcheme, they would have appeared tku* :
V.
At length Erafmus, that great injur'd name,
V has a found of near affinity to that of/ , -vain, vanity.
1

The glory of the priefthood, and the fliame,

Stemm'd the wild torrent of a barb'rous age,
From f, in the Iflandick alphabet, v is
only diltingui&cd by a diacritical And drove thofe holy Vandals off the ftage.
At lcng$ Erafmus, $at gre't 'm^urd naru,
w. Ae glori of pre'fthud, and 8e zam,
3c
Stcmmd w/ld torrent of a barb'rous aj,
<5e

Of <ur, which in diphthongs is oftea an undoubted vowel, And drov Sos hbli Vandals bft'Se ftaj.
fome grammarians have doubted whether it ever be a confonnnt ;
After him another mode of writing was offered' by Dr. Gil!, the celebrated
and not rather, as it is called, a double u or ou, as 'water may be
matter of St. Paul's fchool in London which I cannot reprefent exactly for ;
refolved into cuater ; but letters of the fame found are always want of
types, but will approach as nearly as I can by means of character*
reckoned confoaants ia other alphabets and it may be ob- now in ufe, fo as to make it underftood, exhibiting two ftanias of Spenfer in tUc
:

ferved, that iu follows a vowel without any hiatus or difficulty of reformed orthography.
utterance, as frofty nvinttr.
book canto 5.
Wb has a ibund accounted peculiar to the Englifh, which the Spenfer, iii.

Unthankful wretch, faid he, is this the meed,

Saxons better exprefled by hp, tnu, as ivhat, -whence, 'whiting ;
With which her fovereign mercy thou doft quite ?
in tvhort only, and fometimes in ivholtfome, iuh is founded like faved by her gracious deed ;
life fhe
Thy
a Ample h. But thou doft ween, with villanous defpight,
To blot her honour, and her heav'nly light*
X. Die, rather die, than fo difloyally
Deem of her high defcrt, or fcera fo light.
X begins no Englifh word ; it has he found of h, as axle, Fair death it is u
fliun more fharne ; then die.
txtraneous. Die, rather die, than ever love difloyally.
But if to love difloyalty it be,

Y. Shall then hate her, that from deathes door

I

Me brought ? ah far be fuch reproach fiom a'ie.

!

Y, when it follows a confonant, is a vowel ; when it precedes What can I lefs do, than her love therefore,
ither a vowel or dipththong, is a confonant, ye, young. It is Sith I her due reward cannot reftorc ?

thought by fome to be in all cafes a vowel, But it may be ob- Die, rather die, and dying do her fcrve
ferved ofy as of w, that it follows a vowel without any hiatus, Dying her ferve, and living her adore.
as rojy youth. Thy life ihe gave, thy life fht doth defervc ;
Die, rather die, than ever from her fenrice fwervt,

The chief argument by which 10 and y appear to be always vowels is, that Vrljankful wre?, {aid hj, iz ISis S5e mjd,
the founds which
they arc fuppofed to have as confonants, cannot be uttered Wift tt)i3 htr fothrdin rmiri Sou dull qujt ?
after vowel, like that of a'.l other confon^nts : thus we fay, tu, tit
; di, edd; Dj Ijf fj rafcd bj htr grafius djd ;

tot in v*a, 4tw, the two founds vivi hate BO icfenbliuice tu each cclicr> But Sou dull wen. vvijj toiltnus uilj>;t.
8 T
 ENGLISH TONGUE.
Tu blot htr honot, ond her hetonlj Hit.
Pj, r0$ir dj. 8en A) difloialj
Pjm of hir hiA dfztrr, or fjm fo Hit.
Fair a-. Jj it iz tu r*un m*r f am j $tn dj*
ETYMOLOGY.
Pj, ra&.r dj, Sin itlir lub diflowlj.
TT^TYMOLOGY teaches the deduftion of one word from
But if tu lut) difloialtj it bj, j^/ another, and the various modifications by which the fenfe
Sal 1 iSin hat htr Sat from dtSez di-r of the fame word is diverfified ; as borfe, horfes I love, I laved.
;
Mj brou&t ? tfh ! \'f bj fua ripro? from mj
Wat kan du Sin hir lub Serfar,
I Its
Sii I her du riw,;rd kanot reftoir ?
Of /^ARTICLE.
Dj, raftr dj, and djij du htr firU,
Djij hir full, and lifo.j hsr ads;r. The Englifh have two articles, an or a, and the.
Dj Ijf rj g=*>> *j Ijf ri dui diZEitl;
Dj, r<iir dj, Sea et)>r from h:r li.to's fvvtrll.
An, A.
Dr. Gill was followed by Charles Butler, a man who did not want an un with fome
fignification, and means ant,
jt has an indefinite
ierttanding which might have qualified him for better employment. He teem
reference to more ; as This is a good book, that is, one among the
to have been more ("anguine thm his predcceflbrs, for he printed his book ac
cording to his own fcheuie ; which the following fpecimen will make eafily un
books that are good. He was killed by a fword, that is, ft**
derftood. fvitird. Tbii is a tetter book a man than a boy, that is, for
for
one of thefe that are men than one of thofe that an boys, jtn army
But whcmfoercr you have occaflon to trouble their patience, or to com
might enter without reftjtance, that is, any army.
among them being troubled, it is better to ftanJ upon your guard, than t In the fenfes in which we we fpeak
truft to their gentlenefs. For the fifcguard of your face, which they bav ufe a or an in the fingular,
mod mind unto, provide a purfehood, made of coarfc boulcering, to be draw in the plural without an article ; as, thefe are good books.
ar.J k:.it abaut your collar, which for more
fafety is to be lined againft th
eminent part-, with woollen cloth. Firft cut a piece about an inch and a hal I have made an the original only the Saxon an, or zn,
article, becaufe it is

broad, and half a yard long, to reach round by the temples and forehead, from me, applied to a new ufe, as the German tin, and the French un : the n being
one ear to the trtherj which being fowcd in his place, join unto it two fhor cut off before a confonant in the fpeed of utterance.

pieces of the fame breadth under the eyes, for the bails of the checks, and thei
ftt another piece about the breadth of a /hilling againft the top of the nofe
Grammarians of the laft age direft, that an mould be ufed
At other times, when they are not angered, a litclc piece half a quarter broad before h whence it appears that the Englifh anciently afpirateJ
;

to cover the ejes and paru about them, may ferve, though it be in th: heat o lefs. An is ftill ufed before the filent h, as, an herb, an honejt
the day. man : but otherwife a ; as,
Bet penfoever you nav' occafion to trubble Seir patient', or to cm
amon, A horfe, a horfe, my kingdom for a horfe. Shakeffeafe.
35em bing trubled, it is better to ftand upon your gard, $.in to truft to &ei
For 8e faf jard of your t'uc', pi? Scy hav' moft mind' unto or a cm only be joined with a fingular, the correfpondent
An
gcntlcnc!.
provid' a purfehood, mad' of coorfe boultering, to b drawn and kn'rt abou plural is the noun without an article, as Iivant a fen ; I 'want
your collar, pis for mor' faf'ty is to bcc lined againft 8" eminent parts wit fens : or with the pronominal adjeUve_/2wx?, as / ivantfomefeni.
we lien clot. Firft cut a pc' about an ina and a half broad, and half
long, to rcas round by Se temples and for'head, from one ear to Se oSer
1
THE has a particular and definite fignification.
J>i3 king fowed in his plac , join unto it two fort pces of the fam breadr
under 1Se eys, for the bails of 8e chks, and then fet an o8er pc' about 81 The fruit
breadt of a fi"' n ? againft the top o 8c nofe. At oSer tiro's, j-en Sey at Of that forbidden tree, whofe mortal tafle
not angered, a little pice' half a quarter broad, to cover 8e cys and parts abou
Brought death into the wor'J. Milton.
them, may fervc, 8owj it be in the heat of Se day. Butler in Ibe Nature am
That is, that f articular fruit, and this ivorld in nvhich nut live.
Pnfcrtiei of Bin, 1634.
So, He gi<veth fodder for the cattle, and green berbs for the ufe of
In th* time of Charles I. there was a very prevalent inclination to
chang. man ; that is, for tboft beings that are cattle, and his ufe that
the orthography ; as appears, among other books, in fuch editions of the
works of Milton ac were published by himfclf. Of thefe reformers,
every
man had his own fcheme ;
but they agreed in one general dclign of accomm<>- The is ufed in both numbers.
dating the letters to the pronunciation, by ejecting fuch as they thought fu-
f erAuous. Some of them would have written thefe lines thus : I am as free as Nature firft made man,
Ere the bafe laws of fervitude began,
-All the erth When wild in woods the noble favage ran. Dryden. J
Shall then be paradis, far happier place
Than this of Eden, and far happier dais. words are nfed without
Many articles ; as,

Bifiiop Wilkins afterwards, in his great work of the philofophical language, 1.

Proper names, as John, Alexander, Longlnus, Ariftarchus,
propofcd, without eipefting to be followed, a regular orthography; by which "Jerufalfm, Athens, Rome, London. GOD is ufed as a proper name.
the Lord's prayer it to be written thus :
2. Abilraifl names, as
blacknefs, 'witchcraft, "virtue, vice, beauty t
Ywr Fadher hitfli art in heven htfHoed bi iglinefs, lo--ve, hatred, anger, good-nature, kindncfs,
dhyi njm, dhyi cjngdym cym, dhy
III bi dyn in erth as it is in heven, Sec. 3. Words in which nothing but the mere being of any thing
s
implied : This is not beer, but 'water : this is not brafs, but
We have finee had no general reformers ; but fom ingenious men have Heel.
endeavoured to deferve well of their
country, by writing bontr and later for
fcmiir and labour, rid for riad in the
preter-tenfe, fait for jay i, rtfett for refeal,
txflaru for
exflam, or dufami for declaim. Of thefe it may be laid, that as they Of NOUNS SUBSTANTIVES.
have done no good, they have done little harm both bccaufe they have inno.
vated littie, and becaule few have followed them.
; The relations of Englifh nouns to words
going before or fol-
owing, are not exprelfed by cafes, or changes of termination,
:
Englifli language has properly no dialefls ; the ftyle of writers has no
mt as in moft of the other European languages by prepofitiont,
profefled diverfity in the ufe of words, or of their flexions, and terminations, nlefs we may be faid to have a genitive cafe.
nor differs but by different The oral dicliou is uniform
degree? of (kill or care,
in no fpacious
country, but has lefs variation in England than in moft other Singular.
[ions of
equal extent. The language of the northern counties retains many Norn. Magifler, a Matter, the Matter.
word now
out of ufe, but which are
commonly of the genuine Teutonick
race, and is uttered with a pronunciation which now fecms harfli and
Gen. Magiftri, of a Matter, of the Matter, er Matters,
rough,
but was ufcd our anceftors. The northern fpccch is therefore not the Matters.
probably by
irbarous but obfolete. The fpcech in the weftern feems to differ
provinces
Dat. Magiftro, to a Matter, Matter.
to tht
roro the general diclion rather
by * depraved pronunciation, th an by ny real Ace. Magiftrum, a Matter, the Matter.
d)8?r.ucc which lettcn would
Voc. Magifter, Matter, O Matter.
Abl. Magiilro, frm a Matter, from the Matter.
Plural.
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
Plural. The Comparifoa f Adjectives.
Nom. Magiflri, Mailers, the Mafters.
Gen. The comparative degree of adjeftives is formed by adding er,
Magiilrorum, cf Mailers, of the Mafters.
the fuperlative by adding to the pofitive as fair, fairer,
Dat. Magiftris, to Mailers, to the Mafters. eft, ;

Ace. Mafters, the Mailers. iweft ; lovely, lovelier, loveli^/? ; fiueet, fwcetrr, fweetf/? ; low,
Magiftros,
Mafters, O Mafters.
Voc. ,ver, lovff/l high, highfr, highf/?.
;
Magiftii,
Abl. Some words are irregularly compared
; as good, better, beft ;
Magiftris, from Mafters, from the Matters.
bad, ivorfe, ivorft ; little, lijs, haft ; near, nearer, next ; much,
Our nouns are therefore only declined thus :
more, moft ; many (or met), mere (tor mocr), moft (for morft") ; late,
Mafter, Gen. Mafters. Plur. Mafters. later, late/I or la/}.
Scholar, Gen. Scholars. Plur. Scholars. Some comparatives form a fuperlative by adding moft, as
Thcfe nether, nethermoft outer, eutermoft under, undermoft ; up, upper,
genitives are always written with a mark of elifion, mafltr's, fcbtlar'!, ; ;

according to an opinion 1 r.- rcc/ived, th.it the 's is a contraction of bis, as I'M uppfrmt!/?fore, former, fortmoft.
;

fitctur's valour, for the J-Jdier his va/our i but this cannot be the true original,
Moftiometimes added to a fubftantive, as topmoft,fouthmoft.
is
tn-caufe put to female nouns, Woman 'i iitauty ; the Virgin's delicacy ; Haughty
't is

jtur.t's unrelenting tare : and collective nouns, at Women's fajjions, the rabbtt'i
Many adjectives do not admit of comparifon by terminations,
and are only compared by more and moft, as benevolent, more
inyJtnce, the multitude s folly in all thefe cafes it is
',
apparent that bis cannot be
underftood. We
fay likcwife, the foundation's Jirength, the diamond' > lujlre, the
benevolent, moft benevolent.
winter's fevcritr but in thel'e cafes tis may be underftood, be and tis having
; All adjectives may be compared by mere and rnoft, even when
formerly been applied ta neuters in the place now fupplicd by it and its.
The learned and fagzcinui vVTis, to whom evciy Kngliili grammarian owes a they have comparatives and fuperlatives regulurly formed ; as
tribute of reverence, calls this modification of the noun an fair ; fairer, or more fair ; faireft, or moft fair.
adjeSi-v; fj/lj/ive ;
1 think with no more
propriety than he might have applied the fame to the geni-
tive in In adjectives that admit a regular comparifon, the comparative more is oftener
ccjuitum deem, Tr-jf iris, or any other Latin genitive. Dr. Lowtli, on the
ufcd than the fuperlative mcjl, as mere- fair is oftener written
o r iior part, fuppofcs the
pofleflive pronouns mine and ttift to be genitive cafes. foifainr, than mij}
This termination of the noun feems to conftitutc a jeul genitive indicating fair for faireji.
to us from thole who declined j-rmiS,
pofleflion. It is derived afmiib; Gen.
KtatSeTi cfafmitb ; Piur. finiiSej-, or fcnif^f,jmitbs ; and fo in two other of The comparifon. of adjectives is very uncertain and being ;
their feven declenfions.
It is a further confirmation of this
much regulated by commodioufnefs of utterance, or agreeablc-
opinion, that in the old poets both tlie
nefs of found, is not ealily
reduced to rules.
genitive anJ plural were longer by a fyDable than the original word : kni:is, for
knight's, in Chaucer ; Itaiiis, for leaves, in Spenfcr. Monofyllables are commonly compared.
When a word enJs in s, the genitive may be the fame with the nominative, as Polyfyllables, or words of more than two fyllables, are feldom
Vcr.its
temple.
compared otherwife than by more and moft, as deplorable, mart
The plural formed by adding /, as table, tables ; fly, flies
is ; deplorable, moft deplorable.
Jtfter,ffters ; wood, ivoods ; or es where s could not otherwife be Diflyllables are feldom compared if they terminate in feme,
founded, as after ci, s, ft>, x, z. ; after c founded like /, and g as fitlfome, toilfome ; in
ful, as cartful, fpleenfal, dreadful in
likey ; the mute e is vocal before s, as lance-, lances ; outrage, ing, as trifling, charming ; in ous, as porous ; in lefi, as carelefs,
eut rages. harmlefs ; iu td, as --wretched; in id, as ca:idid ; in al, as mortal;
The formation of the plural and genitive fingular is the fame. in eat, as recent, fervent ; in aia, as certain ; in i-ve, as mijji*ve ;
A few words yet make the plural in a, as men, women, oxen, fwine, and more in tly, as woody ; in fy, as puffy ; in ky, as rocky, except lucky ;

anciently eyen-anAJhwn. This formation is that which generally prevails in the in my, as roomy in ny, as jkinnf ; in y, as rff^y, except bappv
; ;
Tcutonick dialects.
in ry, as hoary.
Words that end in /commonly form their plural by ves, as
liaf, loaves ; calf, calves. Som? comparatives and fuperlat'vcs are yet found in good writers, formed
Except a few, muff, muffs ; chief, chiefs. So hoof, r'.cf, fro'f, relief, m fctirf,
; without regard to the foregoing rules but in a language fubjedted fo little and fo
:

fvff, cuff, divarf, handkerchief, grief. lately to grammar, fuch anomalies mult frequently occur.
Irregular plurals are teeth from t-Mb, lice from loufe, mice from imttfc, getfe
from-goc-ft, feet frcmfwt, dice from die, fence ffomfinty, bi\:brt:n from brother, compared by Miltcn.
dy is
children from child.
She \njliadicji covert hid,
Plurals -ending in s have for the moft part no genitives but Tun'd her oodurnal note. ParaJife Lofl.
;

we fay, Womens excellencies, and Weigh the mens 'wits

againft the
And virtuous.
ladies hairs. Pope.
What me wills to fay or ds,
Seems wifeft, virttiiufcft, difcreeteft, be;h Paradife Loji.
Dr. Wallis thinks the Lords' b'jufe
be faid for the boufe if Lords but fuch
may ;
So who is indeed of no great authority.
plu-afes are not now ;
and furely an Englifh ear rebels againit them.
in ufe
They trifling, by Ray,
would commonly produce a troublefome ambiguity, as the Lord's It is not fo decorous, in
refpecl of God, that he (hould iimmediately
boufe may be '
do all 'the mcaneft and trifingrft tilings himfelf, without making ufe of
the boufe cf Lords, or the boufe Lord. Belides' that the mark or elifion is
of*
improper, for in the Lords' boufe nothing is cut off". any inferior or fubordinate minifter. Ray on the Creation.
Some Englilh fubftantives, like thofe of many other languages, change their Fan:om, by Milton.
firr.ii nation as they exprcfs diffeient fexes, as
prince, frinah > afor, alircfs; fnn, 1 fliall be namM among ditfamoufej}
Ihn' 's
; hero, heroine. To thcfe mentioned by Dr. Lowth may be added artitrcp, Of women, fung at folemn fcAivals. A'-!t;u's
Agottijlct.
fottifs, cbaunlrefs, ducbefs, tigrefs, go-ucrmfs, tutrejs, feerefs, auttorefs, traytrefs,
and perhaps others. Of thefe variable terminations we have only a fufficient Im/e/ttive, by Ajchcan.
Thofe have the inventiveji heads for all purpofcs, and roundeft tongues
number to make us feel our want ; for when we f.iy of a woman that (lie is a in all matters. sljcbam's Sitmltaajrer.
fb'iUJifbcr,
an
ajircnon:cr, weaver, a dancer, we perceive an impro-
a iitihlcr, a
which we cannot avoid ; but we can fay that (lie is an Alcrfa!, by Bacon.
priety in the termination
a The nurulcft poifons prac"lifed by the Weft Indians, have fome mixture
trchitcH, botanijl, xjludtnr, bccaufe thefe terminations have not annrxcd to
tbtm the notion of (ex. Jn wjrds which the ncccfilties of life are often re- of the blood, fat, or flcfli of man. Bacon.

quiring, the fex diflinjuifhcd not by different terminations, but by different

is Natural, by Wotton.
names, as, a bull, a cnu ; a btrft, a marc ; equus, e<]ua ; a cock, a Icn j and fomc- I will now deliver a few of the propercil and naturalkft confederations
times by pronouns prefixed, as a hc-Mf, a (he-goat. that belong to this piece. Waton's Architecture.
m-ctcbed, by Jonfan.
Of ADJECTIVES. The wietcbeder are the contemners of all helps j fuch as prefuming OR
their own naturals, deride diligence, and mock at terms when they uu-
Adjectives in the fcnglim language are wholly indeclinable ;
dcrftand not things. Bfn Jsnjm.
having neither cafe, gender, nor number, and being added to
fubftantives in all relations without any Fmtrfiil, by Milton.
change ; as a good wo- We have fultain'd one day in doubtful fight,
man, goad women, of a gocd woman ; a goad man, good men, of What heavVs great King hath f.-ufrfulleft to lend
good men. Againft us frgm about his throne. P.trjJl'c Left.
'

The
 ENGLISH TONGUE;
The termination in ijh my
be accounted in fomefort a degree of comparifon,
Singular. Plural.
ky whLh th" :;;.;n:rica,ion is diminifbed beiow the pofttive, as black, blackijb, or Thefe
tending to bhc'inefs fah,fa!tyh, or having a little tafte of fait : they therefore
;
That Thole
admit no comparifon. This termination is feldom added but to words expreffing //; all cafes,
fenfibie qualit.es, nor often to words of above one fy)lable, and is fcarccly ulcd Other Others
in the falcon or fublune ftyle. Whether
{This
The plural ethers is not ufed but when referred to a fubftantive preceding,
O/~PRO NOUNS.
it is

as / iu-veftnt other L-'jrfa,

I have n-.tfcnt the fame torfcs,
tut others.

Pronouns, in the Englifh language, are, I, thsa, he, with tfieir

Another, being only an ether, has no plural.
plurals, we, ye, they ivho, 'which, ivhat, --whether, ivhofoe--ver,
; it,
Here, there, and where, joined with certain particles, have a
foe-rer, my, mine, our, ours, thy, thine, your, yours, his, h.-r,
relative and pronominal ule. Hereof, herein, hereby, hereafter,
hers, their, theirs, this, that, other, another, the fame , fame.
herewith, thereof, therein, thereby, thereupon, therewith, ivhereof,
I'jherein, ivhereby, 'whereupon, >n*irlrair,'which Jignify, of this,,
The pronouns perfonal are irregularly inflected. in this, &C.
of that, in that, &C. ofivhich, inivhich, &C.
Singular. Plural. Therefore and ivherefore, which are properly, there for and
Norn. \ We ivhere for, for that, for ixihich, are now reckoned conjunctions,
Accuf. and other ) *. and continued in ufe. The reft feera to be pafling by degrees
Us
oblique cafes, j into negleft, though proper, ufeful, and analogous. They are
Neat. Thou Ye referred both to fingular and plural antecedents.
Oblique. Thee You There are two more words ufed only in conjunction with pro
nouns, cnvn smdjelf.
commonly ufed in modern writers far ft, particularly in the language of
cere uony, where the fecond pcrfon plural is ufed tor the leccr.d
O-ivn is added to pofieffives, both fingular and plural, as my
peifon iingular,
r::
} rler'&' own hand, oar own hcufe. It is emphatical, and implies a filent

contrariety or oppofition ; as / live in my on.au houfe, that is, not

Singular. Plural. in a hired houfe. This I did with my o-ivn band, that is, ivithout
Hd e
> Applied to mafculines. help, or not by proxy.
Him rpi
Se//'is added to pofTeffives, as myfelf,yourfcl--ues ; and fometimes
Norn. She ' to perfonal pronouns, as him/elf, it/elf, themfel<ves. It then, like
Applied to feminines.
Oblique. Her | o-ivn,exprefles emphafis and oppolition, as / did this myfelf,
N;n. It e^
that is, MI another or it forms a \. reciprocal pronoun, as We
i Applied to neuters or things. hurt tpr/ihtti by iiain rage.
Oblique. Its r^i

For /'/ the practice of ancient writers was to ufe he, and for ll'im^Jf, itf-'If, tbimfelves, are fuppofed by Wallis to be put, by corruption, for
his.
bis
felf,
it*
~

jilf,.tb?ir flv:s r fu that yr//" is always 3 fubltantivc. This fcems

its,
juiliy obftrved, for we- fay, H* ianii L>linf<if\ H'unJJffoall do this where
The pronoun?, like other adjectives, are without
pofleflive cannot be an accufativc.
j b'tnifelf

cafes or change of termination.

The pofleffivS of the firll perfoa is try, mine, our, ears ; of the
fecond, thy, thine, your, yours ; of the third, from he, his ; fromjhe, Of tbc VERB.
her, and hers ; and in the plural their* theirs, for both (exes. Engli(h verb* are afitiwe, as / love; or neuter, 3.*.I:langmjhf
The neuters are formed like the aftives.
Our', ycun, km, itelrs, are ufed whenthe ftib'tantive preceding is fcparated
Your fbiUrtn acitours Mod verbs fign!fy!ngr?<<< may likewife fignify cmJitim or hatit, and become
by a verb, 29 Tbt/e rt our tcoti. Tbrjt tsoti arc curl.
:

in ftjture, f'u! ours Jvrpaji yours in letirniitg. xiuicrt, a^ / love, I un in love ; JJiriic, I am now {trilling.
Curt, yiun, btrs, titin, notwithstanding their fceming plural termination,
are applied equally to fingular and plural fubifantivcs, as, Tin tat u ours. Tleft Verbs have only two tenfes inflected in their terminations, the
fio/i art ours. prefent, and the fimple preterite ; the other tenfes are compounded
Miiu anj thine were formerly ufcd before a vowel, u mine amiable Itiaf ; wh'rh, of the auxiliary verbs have, /hall, will, lee, may, can, and the in*
though now difufed in profe, might be ftill properly continued in poetry they arc :
finitive of the active or neuter verb.
ofed as curt 3ndjctirt, and are referred to a fubftantive preceding, as
thy houle is The paffive voice is formed by joining the participle preterite
larger than mine, but my garden is more fpacious than tblne.
to the fubftantive verb, as / am lo-ved.

Their znd.lbeirs are the pofleflives likewife of they, when they

\t the plural of it, and are therefore
applied to things. To have. Indicative Moodi
Pronouns relative are, <uih, -which, ivhat, whether, iuhofoe<ver,
luhatfoever. Prefent Tenfe.
Sing. I have ; than haft ; he hath or has ;
Sing and Plur. Sing, and Plur. Plur. Ife have ; yt have ; they have.
Num.. Who Norn. Which
Hat is a termination corrupted from bath, but now more frequently ufcd loth
Gen. Whofe Gen. Of which, or whofe in verfe and prole.
Other oblique cafes. Whom Other oblique cafes. Which.
Simple Preterite.
tfta is now ufcd in relation to pcrfons, and -wbit'in relation to things; but I had
Sing. thou hadft ; he had ;
;

they were anciently confounded. At lealt it was common to fay, the man which, Plur. We had ; ye had ; they had.
though I remember ne example of the thing ivho.
Wkett is rather the poetical than regular genitive of wtitt :. Compound Preterite. .

The fruit I have had then hail had he has or hath had
Sing. ; ;
;
Of that forbidden tree, ictoft mortal tafle
Plur. We have had ; ye have had ; they have had.
Brought de^th into the world. Mi'tcn.
U^elter is only ufcd in the nominative and accufative cafes and has no plural, ;
Pfeterpluperfcfl.
keing applied only to cut of a number, commonly to one of two, at Whether of Sing. I had had ; thou hadft had ; ke had had ;.
iteje ii lift I kmtu tut. It is now almoft obfoletr.
Whetlier Jha/l I tboo/e ? Plur. Wi had had ; ye had had ; they had had.

What, whether relative or interrogative, without variation.

is Future.
I mall have thou (halt have be mall have
(ftofce-ver , nuhatfie'vcr, being compounded of ivho or vibat, Sing. ; ; j

follow the rule of their primitives. Plur. W e fliall have ; yt ihall have ; thy thall have,
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
Second Futurt. Preterpluperfea. /had loved, We.
Sing. I will have then wilt have ; be will have ;
; Future. I (hall love, We. / will love, He.
Plur. We will have ; ye will have ; they will hare.
Imperative.
BY be obfcrved the variation! o!
leading thefe future tenfes nay full and Sing. Love, or love /Aou ; let him love ;
vj'dl.
Plur. Let u love ; love, or \aveye ; let them love.

Imperative Mood.
Conjunctive.
Sing. Have, or have tbou ; let him have ;
Prejtnt.
Blur. Let *r have ; have, or have j* ; let them have. Sing. I love ; / love ; A< love ;
/Vr. We love ; JK love ; they love.

Conjunctive Mood. Preterite Jimple, as in the Indicative.

Preterite compound. I have loved, c^r .
Prefent.
have ; tbou have have % Future. I (hall love, bV.
Sing. I ; < ;

We have ; ye have Second Future. I lhall have loved, We.

Plttr. ; they have.
Preterite fimple as in the Indicative.
Potential.
Prefent. I may or can love, 5?r.
Preterite compound.
Preterite, /might, could, or (hould love.fcfc.
I have had tbou have had have had ; Z)e/; I might, could, or (hould have loved, t?V.
<r
Sing. ; ;
Preterite.
Plur. We have had ; ye have had ; they have had.
Infinitive.
Future.
Prefent. To love. Preterite. To have loved.
Sing. I (hall have ; as in the Indicative.
Loved.
Participle prefent. Loving. Participle paft.
Second Future.
I have had ; tbou (halt have had ; be (hall have had
(hall The paflive is farmed by the addition of the participle prete-
Sing. ;

Plur. We lhall have had ; ye (hall have had ; they (hall have had. rite to the different tenfes of the verb te be, which mud there*
fore be here exhibited.
Potential.
The potential form of (peaking is exprefled by may, can, in Indicative. Prefent.
the prefent ; and might, could, or Jbould, in the preterite, joined Sing. I am ;
tbou art ; be is ;

with the infinitive mood of the verb. Plur. We are, or be ; yt are, or be ; thy are, or be.
The plural be is now little in ufe.
Prefent.
Sing. I may have ; tbou mayft have ; he may have.; Preterite.
flur. We may have ; ye may have ; they may have. Sing. I was ; tboit waft, or wert ; be wa* ;

Preterite.
Plur. We were 4 ^ were ry were. $

Jfirr is properly 01 the conjunctive mood, and ought not to be u/ed in the

Sing. I might have ; tbou mightrl have ; be might have ; indicative.

Plur. We might have ; ye might have ; they might have.
Preterite compound, /have been, jfr,

Prefent. Preterpluperfea. I had been, fiu- .

S/f. 1 can have ; thou canft have ; he can have ; Future. 1 fliall or will be, fcsV.
flur. We can have ; ye can have ; they can have.
Imperative.
Preterite. Be let him be ;
//?>
Sing. ;

:Si*g. I could have ; tbou couldft have ; ; be could have /Yr .

Let-ajbe; be_>v; let them be.
Plur. We could have ; ye could have ; they could have.
In like manner Jbould is united to the verb. Conjunctive. Prefent.
Sing. I be ; tbou beefl ; /* be ;

There is likewife a double preterite.

Plur. We be -; ye be ^ /v*y be.

Si*r. 1 mould have had ; tbou (houldll have had ; be ihould have
Preterite-.
had; I wre tbou wert if were ;
Sing. ; ;
flur. We (hould have had jv-Jhould have had mould have We were
they
ye were ; /y were.
; ;
Plur. ;
had.
In like manner -we ufe, / might have had / could have had, Preterite compound. I have been, fcfr,
;
Future. 1 (hall have been, fc?r.
Uc.
Infinitive Mood. Potential.
To have. Preterite. To have had. / may would,' could, or (hould be
or can ; ; could, would, er
frefent.
Had. (hould have been, &c.
Participle prefent. Having. Partitiplc prcter.

"
Infinitive.
Verb Active. To tov ,
Prefent. To be. Preterite. To have been,

Indicative. Participle prefent. Being. Partitiplc pretty Having been.

Prefent.
Sing, /love; tbou loveft ; he loveth, or loves i
Plur. We love ; ye love ; /Ay> love. Paflive Voice. Indicative Mood.
/ am loved, t#r. / was loved, &r, / have been loved, We.
Prtter it: Jimple.
ttou lovedll ; ht loved 4
Sing, /loved; Conjunctive Mood.
Plur. We loved ; ye loved ; they loved. If /be loved, If / were loved, &c , If / ftiall have been
1 have loved, &c. loved, Wf,
Preterperftil compound.
Potential
 ENGLISH TONGUE.
There is another manner of ufing the aftlve participle, which gives it a pafi
Potential Mood.
lire fignification : as, The grammar is now
[rtmmatka jam nutit
printing,
tf tan be loved, tffr. / might, could, or mould be loved,
/may cbartis Imfrimltvr. The brafs is forging, ara excuduntur. This is, in my opi-
lj'c /might, could, or fliould have been loved, &f<v nion, a vitious expreflion, probably corrupted from a phrafe more pure, but now
"omewhat obfolete The book it a printing, The trafs is a fvgtng ; a being pro-
:

jerly at, and printing and forging verbal

nouns lignifjing ailion, according to
Infinitive.
:he analogy of this language.
Prefent. To be loved. Preterite. To have been loved. The indicative and conjunctive moods are by modern writers frequently con-
Participle. Loved. "ounded, or rather the conjunctive is wholly neglected, when fome convenienca
jf verification does not invite its revival. It is ufed among the purer writers of
r

another form of Englifh verbs, in whieh the infinitive ormer times after if, though, ere, before, till or until, "whether^ except, itnlrfi,
There is
words of wifhing ; as, Doubtlefs thou art our father,
what/never, ivtcmfoever, and
mood joined to the verb do in its various inflections, which are
is
though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Ifrael acknowledge us not.
therefore to be learned in this place.

Of IRREGULAR VERES.
To Do;
The Englifli verbs were divided by Ben Jonfon into four con-
Indicative. from the nature of the Ian-
Prefent. jugations, without any reafon arifmg
I do ; thou doft ; he doth ; which has but one conjugation, fuch as has been
Sing. juage, properly
Plur. We do ; ye do ; they do. sxemplified ; from which all deviations are to
be confidered as
Preterite*
anomalies, which are indeed in our monofyllable Saxon verbs,
and the verbs derived from them, very frequent ; but almoft all
Sing. I did ; thou didft ; be did ;
the verbs which have been adopted from other languages, follow
Plur. We&&;ye did ; they did.
the regular form.
&t. I have done, c3V.
Preterite, /had done, &c,
Future. I (hall or will do, &c . Our verbs are obferved by Dr. Wallis to be irregular only in the formation of
the preterite, and its participle. Indeed, in the fcantinefs of our conjugations,
there is fcarcely any other place for irregularity.
Imperative.
Sing. Do tbau ;
let him do;
Plur. Let us do; do_y*; let them do. The firft irregularity is a flight deviation from the regular
form, by rapid utterance or poetical contraction : the laft fy lia-
Conjunctive. Prefent. ble ed is often joined with the former by fuppreffionof e ; as lo'v'd
Sing. I do ; do ; he do ;
/ioa for lowed ; after c, ch,Jh,f, k, x, and after the confonants/, th,
Plur. We do ; j* do ; they do. when more ftrongly pronounced, and fometimes after m, n, r, if
The reft are as in the Indicative. preceded by a fhort vowel, / is ufed in pronunciation, but very
feldom in writing, rather than d ; wak't,
as plac't, fnatch''t,fjh't,

Infinitive. To do ; to have done. dwel't,fmert ; for plac'd, fnatch* d,fjh'd,

wak'd, d-iuel'd, J'rul 'd ;
Participle prefent. Doing. Participle prefer. Done. or placed, fnatched, fjhed, waked, dwelled, fme lied.
Thofe words which terminate in / or//, or p, make their pre-
Do is fometimes ufed fuperfluoufly, as / do love, /did love; terite in /, even in folemn language ; as crept, felt, dwelt,

fimply for / line, or I lowed; but this is confidered as a vicious fometimea after x, ed is changed into /, as vext ; this is not con-
mode of fpeech. ftant.
It is fometimes ufed emphatically ; as, A
long vowel is often changed into- a fliort one ; thus, kept,
/ do lo-ije tbee, and when I love thee not, flept,wept, crept, fwept ; from the verbs, to keep, tojleep, to weep,
Chaos is come again. to creep, tofweep.
Shakefpearc.
'
Where d or / go before, the additional letter d or /, in thi
It Is frequently joined with a negative ; as / like her, tut I contracted form, coalefce into one letter with the radical d or t :
do not Isve her ; I wijbed bimfuccefs, but did not help him. This, if t were the radical, they coalefce into t ; but if d were the ra-

by cnftom at leaft, appears more eafy than the other form of dical, then into d or /, as the one or the other letter may be
expreffing the fame fenfe by a negative adverb after the verb, / more eafily pronounced
: as read, led,fpread, Jhed, Jhred, bid, hid,
like her, but love her not. chid, fed, bled, bred,fped,ftrid,Jlid, rid; from the verbs to read,
The Imperative prohibitory is feldom applied in the fecond to lead, to/pread, tojhed, tojhread, to bid, to hide, to chide, to
perfon, at leaft in profe, without the word do ; as Stop him, but feed, to bleed, to breed, tofpeed, tojlride, tojlide,
to ride. And
do not hurt him ; Praife beauty, but do not dote on it. thus, caji, hurt, cofl, burfl, eat, beat, fweet, jit, quit, Jmit, writ,
Its chief ufe is in interrogative forms of fpeech, in which it is bit, hit, met, jhot ; from the verbs to cajf, to hurt, to ccft, to
ufed through all the perfons ; as Do / liiie ? Doft thou Jlrike to Jit, to quit, toj'mite, to write,
bur/I, to eat, to beat, tofweat,
me? Do they rebel ? Did I complain ? Didft thou love her? Did to bite, to bit, to meet, tojhoot. And
in like manner, lent, fent,
Jbe die ? So likewife in negative interrogations ; Do / not yet rent, girt ; from the verbs to lend, to fend, to rend, to gird.
grie<vt
? Did fhe not die ? The
participle preterite or paffive
is often formed in en, 5n-
Do and did are thus ufed only for the prefent and ftmple pre- ftead ; as been, taken, given, Jlain, known ; from the verbs
of ed
terite. to be, to take, to give, tojluy, to know,
Many words have two or more participles, as not only written,
There is another manner of conjugating neuter verbs, which, bitten, eaten, beaten, hidden, chidden, Jhotten, chafeit, broken ; but
when it is ufed, may not improperly denominate them neuter likewife writ, bit, eat, beat, hid, chid, Jhot, ehoj'e, broke, arc pro-
pujji-ves, asthey are inflefted according to the paffive form by the mifcuoufly ufed in the participle, from the verbs to write,
to
of the verb fubftantive to be. They anfwer nearly to the bite, to eat, to beat, to hide, to chide, tojhoot, to choofe, to break,
help
reciprocal verbs in French ; as and many fuch like.
/ am rij'en, furrexi, Latin ; Je me fuis leve, French. In the fame manneryoii"/, Jhewu, hewn, mown, loaden, laden,
/ was walked out , exieram ; Je m'etois promene. as well asyo-tuV, Jhew'd, hew'd, mow'd, loaded, laded, from the
verbs to ftnti, tojhew, to hew, to mow, to load, or lade.
In like manner we commonly exprefs the prefcnt tenfe ; a', I am going, .
I am grieving, 4'Jn. She is dying, Hit mtritur. The tempeft is raging, farir Concerning thele double participles it is difficult to give any
rule but he mall feldom err who remembers, that when a verb
frccc/la. I am
purfuing an enemy, bnflcm iffejusr. So the other tenfa, as, We ;

u.cf -waiting, t\vy-/iiiiw WisiTraiiyiij, / iave ban wu//i;') / bail been walking has a participle diftinft from its preterite, as write, wrote, writ-
a/? or "will ten, that diftincl participle is more proper and elegaut, as
The
VOL. I.
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
Wrote however JlrengtbcH; (hort, Jbcrteu; fafl, to
fajtea ; white, to n
tnk written, is better than Tht book is wrote.
ii
to harden ; foft,
may be uled in poetry; at leaft it" we allow any authority to black, to blacken-, hard, tofoften.
of genius, think therafelves perhaps From fubftantives are formed adjectives of plenty, by adding
poets, who, in the exultation as a
the termination y ; loufe, loufy ; wealth, wealthy ; health,
entitled to trample on grammarians.
healthy ; might, mighty ; worth, worthy ; wit, witty ; luft, lujly ;
There are other anomalies in the preterite. water, watery ; earth, earthy ; wood, a wood, wnody ; air, airy ;
1. Win, /"fin, begin, jwtm,J}rike,JHck, ftng, fting, fling-, ring, a heart, hearty ; a hand, hanth.
fivivg, drink,
luring, Ifirtiif,, Jvnng, fink, jprinn,
arin*,Jtnt, Jlink, come, run,
Jhrink, jrinx, find,
TMII,J>I^ From fubltantives are formed adjectives of plenty, by adding
himi, r/W,<w/W, both in the preterite, imperfect,
and partici- the 'termination
ful, denoting abundance; as ]Qy, joyful; fruit,
ple paliive, give wan, fpun, begun, Jwum, ftruck, Jiuck, Jung, fruitful; youth, youthful; care, careful; ufe, ujeful; delight,
drunk, funk, jhrunk, ftunk,
jiun%, flung, rung, wrung, fprung ,J'wung, delightful; plenty, plentiful; help, he
cor.e, run, found, bound, wound. And moft of them are
ground, in almoft the fame
Sometimes, but with fome kind of
feme,
alfo formed in the preterite by a, as began, rang, fang, fprang, diminution thereof, the termination fome is added, denoting
drank, came, >v'x, and fome others ; but moft of thefe are now fometbing, or in fome degree. ; as delight, delightfome ; game, game-
Some take en, as
obiblcte. in theparticiple paffive likewife fome ; irk, irkfome ; burden, bnrdcnfome ; trouble, troublefome ;
drunken, boundtn.
Jiricken,jirucken, light, lightfoms ; hand, handjome ; alone, lonejonu ; toil, /oi/fomc.
Z. Fight, teach, reach, feet, befeech, catch, lay, bring, think, On the contrary, the termination left added to fubilantivc?,
noork, make fought, taught, raught, fought, bejbught, caught,
makes adjectives fignifying want ; as worthlefs, ivitlefs, heart-
le s,
joyleji, carclefs, hclpleft. Thus comfort, ccmfortlefs ; lap,
bought, brought , thought , wrought.
But a great many of thefe retain likewife the regular form, fafkfs.
as teached, reached, catcbed, worked. Privation or contrariety is very often denoted by the par-
bejeeched,
ticleun prefixed to many adjectives, or in before words derived
3. Take, Jhakt, forfake, wake, awake, fland, break, fpeak,
from the Latin ; as pleafant, unpleafant ; wife, ua-ivife ; profit-
bear,Jbear,fwear, tear, wear, weave, cleave, Jlrive, thrive, drive, Thus unworthy,
able, unprofitable ; patient, impatient. unhealthy
Jhitie, rife, arij'e, fmite, write, bide, abide, ride, choofe, chuj'e, and many more.
tread, get, beget, forget, Jeethe, make in both preterite and partici-
unfruitful, unufeful,

ple took T Jhook,forfook,woke,awoke, Jlood, broke, fpoke, bore, Jhorc, The but as we often borrow from the Latin,
original Englifli privative is un;

J'u'orf, tore, wore, wove, cbve, Jirove, throve, drove, jhone, rofe, or its defendants, words already fignifying privation, as uirfficacKu:, intffttus,
itiJifcrcet,
the inleparable particles un and in have fallen into confufion, from
arofe,fmote, wrote, bode, abode, rode, chofe, trade, got, begot, for- which it is not cafy to dilentangle them.
But we fay likewife, thrive, rife, fmit, writ, nbid, Un
got, Jod. is
prefixed to all words orginally EngliOi ;
as untrue, art ruth, xnta*gl>t t
rid. In the preterite fome are likewife formed by a, as brake, unhandjome.
Un is prefixed to all participles made privative adjectives, as unfeeling, ur.ajfjt-
/pake, bare, Jhare, fvaare, tare, ware, clave, gat, begat, forgot,
and perhaps fome others, bit more rarely. In the participle ing, unaided, unddigbtcd, untndeared.
Un ought never to be prefixed to a participle prefent, to mark a forbearance of
paffive many
of them are formed by en, as taken, Jhaken, for-
action, as unjlghlng ; but a privation of habit, as unpitying.
Jaken, broken, fpoken, born, Jhorn, jworn, torn, worn, woven, Unis prefixed to moft fubftantives which have an
Engl'uh termination, as un-
doven, thriven, driven, rifen, fmitten, ridden, chcfen, trodden, got- ftrtiltntfs, unfcrfeflnefs, which, if they have borrowed terminations, take in or intt

ten, begotten, forgotten, fodden. And many do likewife retain as infertility, inptrfeffiott
unn-vil, incivility ; unaiiiijc, incf^ivity.
;

In borrowing adjectives, if we receive them already compounded, it is ufual

the analogy in both, as waked, awaked, Jheared, weaved, leaved,
tojrctain the particle prefixed, as indecent, intleg ast, imfrtfcr ; but if we borrow
abided, feet bed. the adjective, and add the privative particle, vw commonly prefix un, as unfclat,

4. Give, bid, Jit, make

in the preterite gave, bade, fate; in u n t>allant.

the participle paffive, given, bidden, Jitten ; but in both lid. The prepoiitive particles dis and mis, derived from the da
5.Draw., know, grow, throw, blow, crow like a cock, fly, and mes of the French, fignify almoft the fame as un ; yet d:s
Jiay, Jee, ly, make their preterite drew, knew, grew, threw,
rather imports contrariety than privation, fince it anfwers to
btew , crew , flew , flew , faw , lay; their participles paffive by , the Latin prepofuion de. Mis infmuates fome error, and for
drawn, known, grown, thrown, blown, flon.vn, JJain, J'ecn, lien, the moft part may be rendered by the Latin words male or per-
lain. Yet from flee is made fled; from go, went, from the old peram. To like, to diflike ; honour, dtjhonour ; to honour, to
lutnd, the participle is gone. grace, to dijhonour, to difgraft ; to deign, to difdeign; chance,
hap, mifchance, mijhap ; to take, to mijiake ; deed, mi/deed;
Of DERIVATION. to ufe, to mifuj'e ; to employ, to mi/employ ; to
apply, to nif-
That the Fngli/h language may be more eafily underftood, it is iwcefiary to apply.
enquire how its derivative words are deduced from their primitives, and how the Words derived from Latin written with de or dis retain the
primitives are borrowed from other languages. In this enquiry I (hall lome- fame
figmfication; as dijtinguijh, diftinguo ; detrafi, detraho j
times copy Dr. Wallis, and fomctimcs endeavour to fupply his defects, and rec-
defame, defamo ; detain, detineo.
tify his errours.
Thetermination ly added to fubftantives, and fometimes to
Nouns are derived from verbs.
adjectives, forms adjectives that import fome kind of fimilitudc
Thething implied in the verb, as done or produced, is com- or agreement, being formed by contraction of lick or lite.
monly either the prefent of the verb; as to love, love; to fright, Agiant, giantly, giantlike ; earth, earthly ; heaven, heavenly ;
a fright; to fight, a fight; or the preterite of the verb, as, to world, worldly ; God, godly; good, goodly.
ftrike, I ftrick or ftrook, ajlroke. The fame termination ly added to adjectives, forms adverb*
The action is the fame with the participle prefent, as loving, of like
fignification ; as beautiful* beautifully; fweet, fweetly ;
frighting , fighting ,Jhiking. that is, in a beautiful manner ; with fome
degree offweet nefs.
The agent, or perfon acting, is denoted by the fyllable er The termination ijb added to adjectives, imports diminution ;
added t the verb, as lover, frighter,Jtriker. and added to fubftantives, imports iimilitude or tendency to a
Subftantives, adjectives, and fometimes other parts of fpeech, character; as
green, greenijh ; white, whitijh ; foft, foftijb; a
are changed into verbs in which cafe the vowel is often, thief,
thievijh; a wolf, wol<vi]!j; a child, childijh.
:

lengthened, or the conibnant foftened ; as a houfe, to hoitj'e ; We

have forms of diminutives in fubftantives, thoogh not
brafs, to braze ; glafs, to glaze ; grafs, to graze ; price, to prize
frequent; as a hill, a hillock; a cock, a cockrsl; a pike, a
;

breath,, to breathe; a fifh, tofijh; oil, to oil; further, to

fur- pickrel ; this is a French termination: a goofe, a gojling; this
ther ; forward, to fonvard ; hinder, to Under. is a German rtrmination a lamb, a lambkin ; a chick, a chicken ;
:

Sometimes the termination en is added, efpecially to ad- a man, a manikin a

; pipe, a pipkin and thus Halkin, whence the ;

j'.-lives; as h.ifte, to kajlen;

length, / lengthen; Itrength, tc patromrakk, Hawkins ; Wilkin, Thankin, and others.
Yet
 Yet ftill there is another
ENGLISH TONGUE.
form of diminution imong the Englilh, by leflening the letters and the things and therefore the founds of letters fmiller,
j
fignified j

At found itfelf, efpecially of vowels ; as there is a form of augmenting them I /harper, louder, clofer, fofter, ftronger, clearer, more obfcurc, and more Itridu*
by enlarging, or even lengthening it} and that fometimes not fo much by lotis, do very often intimate the like effcfls in the things fi^niricd.

change of the letters, as of their pronunciation ; as fup, flp, /oof, fif, Jippet, Thus words that begin with fr intimate the force and effeft of the thing
where, bcfides the extenuation of the vowel, there is added the French termina- as if probably derived from foo'wy t
!, or Jirenutts ;
as
Jlrcng,
tion rr baby ; tooky, pintus; great pronounced long, flrtw, ftrikc, flrcalte, flroke, flripe, flrive, flrifc, ftrug !f, Jlrout, jlrut, flretcb)
t*p, tip ; ffit, ffciut; babe,
;
:

efpecially if with
a ftronger found, grta-t; little pronounced long, lee-tie ; ting, flrait,ftritl,/ireight,t\\K\i, narrow, fiftra'm, flrs/s, difl firing, flraf, Jlriam,
tang, ting, imports a fucceffion
of fmaller and tiien greater founds; and fo in flreamer, flrand, flrip, ftray, f
flruggk, range, flrijt, flratldlc.
jingle, janglt, tingle, tangle,
at many other made words.
'
St in like manner imply Itrength, but in a lefj degree, fo much only as is
Much however cf this it arbitrary ar.d fanciful, depending wholly on oral ut- fufficient to preferve what has been already communicated, rather than acquire
terance, and therefore fcarcely worthy the notice of I" any new degree ; a* if it were derived from the Latin y?s ; for example, fland,flay,
chat to remain, or to prop that to oppofe
is, ; flajf, flay, is, ; flop , to fluff,
Of concrete adjecTives are made abflraft fubftantives, by add- fl'flt, to flay, that is, to flop a flay, that is, an obftacle flifk, flut, flutter, ; ;

ing the termination nefs, and a few in hood or bead, noting flammer, flaggcr, flickle, flick, flake, a ftiarp pale, and any thing dspofitei
at play ; fl'ck,
flem, fling, to fling, flinlt, flitch, flutl, fanchion, flub, flubtle, to
character or qualities ; as white, luhitenefs ; hard, hardnefs ; whence to with the whence
flub up, flump, flumble, flallt, flalk,fltp, toftjirp feet,
great, greatnefs ; ikilful, Jkilfulnefs, unjkilfulnej's ; godhead, man- to flamp, that is, to make an imprellion and a Itainp ; flow, to flow, to beftvtu,
hood, maidenhead, widowhood, knighthood, priejlhood, likelihood, fleward or floward, flcad, fltady, fleadfufl, flable, a flable, a flail, to flail, fli"!,
flail, flill, flail, flallagc, flail, flags, flill adj. and flitl adv. flak, flout, fl,., :!,,
faljehood. to with or cold
flad, ficjt, flallhn, fliff, flark-dead, hunger ; flor.e, fled,
There are other partly derived from adjeflives, and j:an, J'anib, to jiancb blood, tt
abflraifts, flar-uc
flare, Jtnf, Jleeple, flair, flindard, a ftated mea-
partly from verbs, which are formed by the addition of the ter- furc, la ail dicfe, and perhaps i'ume others, fl denote fomethir 5 firra
ftattly.
mination th, a fmall change being fometimes made ; as long, and fixed.
1* imply a more violent degree of motion, as throw,
length; ftrong, jlrength,; broad, breadth; wide, width; deep, ttnji, throng, thob,
through, threat, threaten, thrall, throws.
depth; true, truth; warm , warmth ; dear, dearth ; FLOW, Jlowth ; U'r imply fome fort of obliquity or diftortion, as wry, to wrcat'vf, wrifl,
merry, mirth ; heal, health ; well, weal, wealth; dry, dreughtb ; i L ,n::g, iur f
.

,ng, wrincb, wremb, wrinkle, wratb, wreak, wrack,

wrangle,
young, youth; and fomoon, month. Wl'tfb, wrijt. Wrap.
Like thefe are Ibme words derived from verbs ; die, death ;
Sw imp.y a lilent agitation, or a fofter kind, of lateral motion j as fivav r

till, grow, growth ; mow, later tnawlb, after me-iv'tb

tilth; /wag, to ]way,/-waggtt;jwcrve,jwtat, /wetp, /will, jwim, /wing, /wift, /wea,
;

and written later after math Jwt.ci, jwir.jrc.

commonly fpoken math, rteal, Nor is there much difference of fm in fmooth, /mug, fmi!e,/ir.ir!i, /Kite, which
;

Jtealth ; bear, birth ; rue, ruth ; and probably earth from to Signifies the fame as to but is * liiKtr word Jirike, j jmall, frrcll, /mack,jn-.t>thtr,
ear ot plow; &y, fight; weigh, wight ; day, fright; to draw, /mart, a /mart blow propei ly Inch a kind of (trokc us \vitli an originally

draught.
lilent motion, implied in
jm proceeds to tjuick violence, denoted by ar fud--
denly ended, as is (hewn by /.
Thefc fiiould rather be written figbtb, frigttb, only that cuftom will no' Cl denote a kind of aihelion or tenacity, as in cleave, day, cling, climb,
furfcr b to be twice repeated. clamber, clammy, clafp, to clafp, to clip, to clinch, cloak, clog, clofi, to cioje, a clod,
The fame form retain faith, fpifkt, wreathe, viratb, broth, frtjtb, brtatb, a clot, as 3 cla of blood, chuttd cream, fclutttt, a clufler.
f'.ctb, wonh, light, wigbt,
and the like, whofe primitives are either entirely Sf imply a kind of diilipation or expanfton, efpecially a quick one, particti-
obfolete, or feldom occur. Perhaps they an; derived itom Jey ^tfoy,jpry, wry, l.iriy if there be an r, t> if it were from fpa rgo, or ftparo t for example, j'prcad,
tvrtak, brew, mrw,fry, bray, fay, work. jf ring, /frig, ffrout, /pr'lnklc, fplit, fp/intfr, fall, /fit, /putter, /patter.
SI denote a kind of filcnt fall, or a lefs obfervable motion as in fliae,flide, ;

Some ending in Jhip imply an office, employment, or con- flip, flipper, fly, flight, fit, fnu, Jlack, flight, fling, flap.
dition ; as kingjhip, wardjbip, guardianjhip , partaerjhip, And fo likewife ajh, in
crajh, raft, gajh, fajh, ch/h, lajh, fla/h, plajh, trajb,
Ji<:-\<jard-
indicate fomcthing .idling more nimbly and marply. But ujh, in crujh, ru/b,
jhip, head/hip, lordjhip.
g"Jb, fulb, blttjh, linijh, hujb, puj'h, implies fomething as adling more obtufely
and duif). Yet in both there is indicated a fwift and fudden motion, not in-
Thus that
wejrjhip, whence
is, vnnkjk'.p ; locrjhifful, and to
worjhip, ftanianeous, but gradual, by the continued foundyi.
Some few ending in dom, rick, iuick, do efpecially denote Thus in fling, fling, ding, fwirrg, cling, fing, wring, fling, the tingling of
the termination ng, and the iharpnefs of the vowel i, imply the continuation of
dominion, at lealt ftate or condition ; as kingdom, dukedom, a very /lender motion or tremor, at
length indeed \anirtiing, but not fuddenly
earldom, princedom, popedtm, chrijlendom, freedom, ivifdom, whore- interrupted. But in fink, ivir.k, jink, clink, chink, think, that end in a mute
dum, bijhoprick, tailyiuict. confonant, there is alfo indicated a fudden ending.
Ment and age are plainly French terminations, and are of It there be an /, as in
jingle, tingle, tinkle, mingh; fprinklc, twinkle, there is
the fame import with us as among them, fcarcely ever occur- implied a frequency, or iteration of fmall als. And the lame frequency of a&s,
fcut lefs fubtile by rcafon of the clearer vowel *, is indicated in
jangle, tangle,
ring, except in words derived from the French, as command- ffaagle, in:ingU, wrangle, brangle, dangU ; as nlfo in miunhic, grumble, jumble,
ment, ufagt. tumble, flun'ble, rumble, crumble, futnblt. But at the fame time the clofe u im-
plies fomething obfcure or obtunded ; and a congeries of cmifonants mbl, denotes
There are in EngliJh often long trains of words allied by their meaning and a confufed kind of
rolling or tumbling, as in ramble, /camble, /cramble, wamblt,
derivation j as to beat, a bat, iatoon, a tattle, <i beetle, a hattlc-d'ar, to batter, amble ; but in thefe there is fomething acute.
tatter, a kind of glutinous compofition for food, made by beating different bo- Jn nimble, the acutcm.-fs of the vowel denotes In /parkle, fp denotes
celerity.
dies into one mafs. All thefe are of fimilar fignifkation, and perhaps dcriveJ
diiTipation, ar an acute crackling, { a fudden interruption, /a frequent iteration;
from the Latin La'.ao. Thus take, touch, tickle, tack, tackle all
imply a local and in like manner in
J unlcfs in may imply the fubtility of the difli-
JpriaUe,
conjunction, from the Latin tango, tetigi, ta'dum. pated guttulcs. Thick and thin differ, in that the former ends with an obtufc
twain, twice, twenty, twelve, twins, twine, twifl, twirl,
i
confonant, and the latter with an acute.
fwig,nui.\b, twinge, between, betwixt, twilight, twibil. In like manner,
mf-jucik, fouiak,fc/ucat,fjui>l/, traul, wraul,yaul,/paul, /creek,
Ths following remarks, extracted from Wallis, are ingenious, but of more
,

lbrill,f}arf, Jbr'wil, wrinkle, crark, rnfr, flajh, "a/b, plajh, crujh, hujb,
than folidity, and fuch as perhaps might in k'jjt, fjjc, Hlbifl,/oft, jarr, hurl, turl, whirl, but., buftle, /pin die, dwindle, twine,
ftibtlety every language be enlarged
without end.
::id in
m.i::y m^rc, we may obfcrvc the .igrecmcnt of fuch fort of founds
with the tilings fignified and this fo
:
happens, that fcarce Jny
frequently language
Ki imply the nofe, and what relates to it.
Mf'..illy From the Latin nafui vlii h 1 know can
be compared with our-,. So that one monofyllablc word, of
are r.-rivnl the French tux. and the which kind arc almod .ill our-,, emphatically cxprciTcs what in other languages
Englirti mfe ; and nejje, a promontory, a^
e a nnfc. But as if from the cunionants ui taken from mafu'., can Ic;trcc b'_- explained but by compounds, or decompounds, or fometimes a
and IT tedious circumlocution.
-i.at
they mny the better correfpond, fn denntc tiafut ; snd
are d'-rivrd many words th relate to the note, as

fHH, four, fnitktr, jn;t, j'ntvil, fnite,

fnout, fneexe, fnore,
huff, farfflf, (naffle, jnarle,jnud\'f.
We have many words borrowed from the Latin ; but the
Thrre another fn, which may perhaps be derived from the Latin
is
flnuo, as greateft part of them were communicated by the intervention
/**', ftejk, [mil, /nare ; fo likrwife fnap and /natch, fnii, /nub. of the French ; as grace,
Bl imply d blafl ; a) b!iw, blafl, to
face, elegant, elegance, refemble.
blafl, to
kligit, and,
tht one's reput ition ; bltat, bleak, a bleak place, to look metaphorically,
to Some verbs, which feem borrowed from the Latin, are form*
bleak or wcather-
ed from the prefent tenfe, and fome from the
., tlrak, t/ay, bleach, bhfttr, blurt, bliflcr, thb, bladdtr, blct, bliflcr, blab- fupines.
b-r-iif-t, blabbcr-ebrck't, bfxtd, tkte-berrings, blafl, blazj, It blow, that is, bloj-
From the prefent are formed Ipend, expend, expendo ; conduce,
n j and prrhapi blood and
cpnduco ; dtfpife, ddpicio ; approve, approbo ; coafdw, con-
Ja '.lie a:ic *oru. ot jar Wnguc is to b-. founj great agreement between cipio.
h 2 From
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
rail trallt
From the fupines, fapplicatt, fupplico ; dtmonftrate, demonftro ;
lact, place ; rabula, ; rawl, vjraul, train/, ralle, j (juafit'o,
queji.
Jiff oft, difpono ; exfatiate, expatior ; /uffrefi, fupprimo ; exempt, As alfo a confonant, or at lead one of a fofter found, or even a whole fyl-
cadma lable ; rotundus, round; fragili:,
frail ; fecurus, Jure ; regula, rule; tegula,
!i more apparent, than that Wallis goes too far in queft of originals. ; fubtilis, fubsle ; nomen, man ; decanus, computo, aunt ; fubita-
t':lt dt.-.r. ;
Nothing
Many of thefe which feem felected as immediate defendants from the Latin, neus, fuddain, fotn ; fuperare, tofoar; pcriculum, peril; mirabile, marvel; as
are apparently French, as conceive, approve, expefe, exempt. magnus, main ; dignor, deign ; tingo, fiain; tinOum, tj'mt ; pingo, paint ; prae-
dari, reach.
The contractions may feem harder, where many of them meet, as xupiuicf,
Some words purely French, not derived from the Latin, we
kyrk, church ; pre/byter, pritjl ; facriflanus,^jr/tfff ; frango, fregi, treak, breach {
have transferred into our language ; as garden, garter, buckler, to fagus, ^>Sya, beerb ; f
changed into b, and g into ch, which are letters near
advance, to cry, to flead, from the French, jardin,jartier, toucher, a-kin; frigefco,y>rt;; frigefco, frejb, fc into Jh, as above in bijhop, fjh, fo in
and
Avancer, crier, plaider ; though indeed, even of thefe, part is of (caf\\3,j!iijft JHp, refrigefco, refrejh ; butvirefco,/r^!i; phlcbotomus^Mm ;
bovina, baf \ vitulina, vial;fcutirer, fjuire ; pcenitentia, penance; fanclua-
Latin original.
rium, fanliuary, fentry ; quxfitio, chafe; perquifitio, purcbafe; anguilla, eel,
infula, ijle, ilt, iftar.d, iltind ; infuletta, ijlet, ilet ; eygbt ; and more contracted!/
As many to words which we have in common with the Germans, it is doubt- whence Owfney, Ruly, Ely ; ciaminare, to fear, namely, by rejecting from
M whether the old Teutons borrowed them from the Latins, or the Latins
ey,
the beginning and end t and o, according to the ufual manner, the remainder
from the Teutons, or both had them from fome common original ; as ivine, xjix'n, which the Saxons, who did not ufe *, write cfamen, or fcamcn, is con-
vinum ; wind, ventus ; incur, veni ; way, via ; wall, vallum ; walkw, volvo ; trafled into/fj ; as from dominus, don ; nomine, noun; abomino, tan ; and
veilus worm, vermis ; worth, virtus ; waff, vefpa ; day, indeed ap:im examtn they turned into
mill, volo
fciame ; for which we fay faijrme, by
wool, ; ;

dies; draw, traho ; tamr, domo, Js^tia;; yoke, jugum, JfEyoc ; over, upper, "mferting r to denote the murmuring; thefaurus,
jiore ; fedile, Ji,ol ; L;":;,
fuper, inrtJ am, fum, ti,w ; break, frango ; fy, volo ; Hem, flo. I make no wet ; fudo, fiocat ; gaudium,
gey ; jocus, jy ; fuccus, juice ; catena, chain j
;

doubt but the Teutonick is more ancient than the Latin and it is no left
ealiga, calga ; chaufe, chaufle, Fr. btfi ; extinguo, ftancb, faucncb, jacnct,
;

certain, that the Latin, which borrowed a great number of words, not only
flint; foras,/or/i; fpecies,^^; recito, read; adjuvo, aid; aiv, svum, ay,
from the Greek, efpccially the j3olick, but from other neighbouring languages,
age, ever; noccus, lock; excerpo, fcraps, fcraiblc, fcratul; extravagus, firay t
as the Ofcan and others, which have long become obfolete, received not a few
ftraggle; collegium, clot, clutch ; colligo, coil; recolligo, recoil; fcvero, fwear ;
from the Teutonick. It is certain, that the Englifh, German, and other Teu- Itridulus,
tonick languages, retained fome derived from the Greek, which the Latin has to
not as ax, acts, mil, ford, pfurd, daughter, techier,
;
fear, grave, graf,
to
grave, tojcrape, whole, from a^tn, JUETA, r{0,s{, Suyaryf ,
fxiyiXs;, (uyivii, juwn, !:(((., yfi'fiv, sXof. Since they received thefe immediate-
ly from the Greeks, without the intervention of the Latin language, why may
not other words be derived immediately from the fame fountain, though they be
likcwife found among the Latins ?
Our anceftors were ftudious to form borrowed words, however
long, into monofyllables ; and not only cut off the formative
terminations, but cropped the firii fyllable, efpecially in words
beginning with a vowel ; and rejefled not only vowels in the
middle, but likewife confonants of a weaker found, retaining the
ftronger, which feem the bones of words, or changing them for
others of the fame organ, in order that the found might become
the fofter ; but efpecially tranfpofing their order, that they might
the more readily be pronounced without the intermediate vowels.
For example, in expendo, fpend ; exemplum, /ample; excipio,
fcape\ extraneus, Jtrange ; extraclum, ftretch'd; excrucio, to
fcrew ; exfcorio, tofcour ; excorio, tofcourge ; excortico, to/cratch ;
and others beginning with ex: as alfo, emendo, to mend; epif-
copus, bijhop ; in Danifh, bifp\ epiftola, epiflle;
tie ; Hifpania, Spain ; hiiloria, >/?0r)>.
Many of tbefe etymologies are doubtful, and fome evidently miftakcn.
The following are fomewhat harder, jflexartier, Sander
tar; p palling into k, as in b'ljhip ; and by cutting off a from
apis, lee; aper,
the beginning, which is reftored in the middle : but for the old tar or tare,
we now fay koar ; as for long, long ; for tain, bane ; for ftane, Jlme ; aprugna,
trawn, p being changed into b, and a tranfpofed, as in aper, and g changed
into TO, as in pignus, pawn; lege, law ; o.Mri, fax; cutting off the begin-
ning, and changing p into /, as in pellis, a fdl\ pullus, a foal; pater, father;
fzvur,fear; polio, fie; plco, impleo, fit, fall; pifcis, ffi ; and tranfpofing o
into the middle, which was taken from the beginning; apex, apiece; peak,
fUe ; zophorus, freeze ; multum, flam; defenfio,
fence ; difpenfator, jpencer ;
atculto, efcouter, Fr. exfcalpo, fcrape, reftoring / inftead of r, and hence
fcout ; and dance, prance from ft of the verb flay, or Jiand and c:it, is made /oaf j
Jhrill ; procurator, proxy ; pulib,
to
pufh; calamus, a quill; impetere,
wax and impeach; augeo, auxi, to ; vanefco, vanui, wane; fyllabare, fall j
micklt, mingle, moon,
puteus,^//; granum, corn ; comprimo, cramp, crump, crumple, crinkle,
Some may feem harflier, yet may not be rejected, for it at lead appears,
that fome of them are derived from proper names, and there are others whofc
etymology is acknowledged by every body ; as Alexander, Elick, Scanner, San-
der, Sanny, Sandy; Elizabetha, Elizabeth, Elifabetb, Betty, Befs; Margareta,
Margaret, Afarger, Meg, Peg ; Maria, Mary, Mai, Pal, Malkin, Matvkin,
Mawtcs; Mattha^us, Mattba, Ma';tew ; Martha, Matt, Pat; Gulirlmu;,
W/belKU!, Girotam,, Guillaume, Wiliam, Will, Bill, Wilkin, W~ulan, frith,
Weeks.
Thus cariophyllus, flos ; gerofilo, Ital, giriflee, gilofer, Fr. gillifiower, \vhich
the vulgar call julyjlower, as if derived from the month July ; petrofclinum,
parjley; portulaca, pur/lain ; cydonium, quince ; cydoniatum, quiddeny ; perfi-
cum, peach; eruca, eruke, which they corrupt to ear-wig, as if it took its
name from the ear ; annulus geminus, a giamal, or gimial ring; and thus the
word gimbal and jumbal is transferred to other things thus interwoven ; quelques
chofes, kickjbaws. Since the origin of thefe, and many others, however forced,
is evident, it
ought to appear no wonder to any one if the ancients have thus
disfigured many, efpecially as they fo much affefted monofyllables ; and, to
make them found the fofter, took this liberty of maiming, taking away, chang-
ing, tranfpofing, and foftening them.
But while we derive thefe from the Latin, I do not mean to fay, that many
of them did not immediately 'come to us from the Saxon, Daniih, Dutch, and
Teutonick languages, and other dialects, and fome taken more lately from the
hofpitale, /pit- French, or Italians, or Spaniards.
The fame word, according to its different fignifications, often has a different
origin; as to bear a burden, from fen; but to tear, whence birth, born, bail-n,
comes from pario, and a bear, at leaft if it be of Latin original, from fen,
Thus perch, a fifli, from ptrca ; but perch, a meafure, from fert'na, and like-
; Elifabetha, Betty ;
wife to perch. To fptll is from fyllaba ; but fpell, an inchantment, by which
it is believed that the boundaries are fo fixed in lands, that none can pafs them
againft the mafier's will, from expello ; and fpell, a meflenger, from epiftola ;
whence gofpel, good-fpell, or god-fpell. Thus frcefe, or freeze, from f'igefcn
bat freeze, an architectonic word, from xophorus; but freefe, for cloth, from
Frifta, or perhaps from frigefco, as being more fit than any other for keeping out
the cold.
There are many words among us, even monofyllables, compounded of two or
more words, at leaft ferving inftead of compounds, and comprifmg the fignifi-
cation of more words than one ; as (mmfcrip and roll, comes fcrc/1 ; from proud
;

(rap, fcratle, fcrawl; exculpo, fcocp ; cxterritus, ftart ; cxtonitus, attonitus,
ji-.nn'd ; ftoimchus, ;
maw
ofiendo, final ; obftipo, flop ; audere, dare ; cavere,
ware; whenf e a-ware, be-ware, wary, warn, warning, for the Latin v con-
fonant formeilv founded like our w, and the modern found of the i> confonant
was formerly that of the letter f, that is, the sEo\ick digamma, which had the
found of ^>, and the modern found of the letter /'was that of the Greek $ or pb ;
fnmfiwt and hardy, Jlurdy ; from ff of ffit or ffna, and cut, comes fpout ;
from the fame fp, with the termination in, isfpin; and adding out, (fin out ;
and-from the Czmefp, with it, is /pit, which only differs from fpout in that it
is fmaller, and with lei's noife and force ; but
fputtcr is, bccaufc of the obfcure
u, fomething between (pit and Jpoat ; and by reafn of adding r, it intimates
a frequent iteration and noife, but obfcurely confufed : whereas /patter, on ac-

u'cus, ulcere, wAvr, f.re, and hence ferry, forrt,w, fcrrcwful; ingenium, engine, count of the (harper and clearer vowel a, intimates a more diftinct noife, in
gin; fcalenus, leaning, unlefs you w.'juld rather derive it from xXjva, whence in- which it chiefly differs from fputtcr- From the (nmefp, and the termination
clino; inhindibulum, funnel; gagatc;, j:tt ; projeflum, to jell forth, a jelly; ark, comes fpark, fignifying a fingle emiflioa of (ire with a noife ; namely, ff
cucullut, aawl. the cmiflion, ar the more acute noife, and k the mute confonant, intimates iis
There are fyncopes fomcivhat harder; from tempore, time; from nomine, being fuddenly terminated ; but adding /, is made the frequentative fpark/e.
name ; domina, itvne ; as the French t ;mme, ftmme, nom, fromhpmine, famina, The hmefp, by adding r, that is fpr, implies a more lively impeius of diffufing
nomine. Thu wcrifiw, pot ; xirrri?,Xa, tup ; cantharus, can ;
paging, page ;
or expanding itfclf; to which adding the termination ing, it becomes fpring ;
trntorium, lint pncia, prey ; fpccio, fpeculor, fpy ; plico, ply ;
precor, its vigour
fj>r imports, its ih-irpnefs
the termination ing ; and laMly in acute and
;
pry ;

ini|'lico, imply ; milieu, n-j ly ; complico, comply ; fedes cpifcopalis./tt-. tremulous, ending in the mute confonant g, denotes the hidden ending of any
A vowel is alfo cut oft" in the middle, that the number of the fyllables motion, that it is meant in its primary fignification, of a finglr, not a com-
may be lefl'ened ; as amit.i, aunt ; fpiritus, /fright ; dcbitum, debt; dubito, plicated exilition. Hence we call fpring whatever has an elaliick force ; as
.iif j com??, comitis, count ; c!<:ricus, clerk ; quietus, alfo a fountain of water, and thence the origin of any thing; and to fpring,
fail, quite ; acquieto,
/j fcparo, re Jfaie; ftabilis, Jijiif; iUbjlujn, Jlabie j pa^al'ium, fa- to germinate ;
and fpring, OJK ef ihe four feafoas, From ths fame ffr and
tut,
 ENGLISH TON. CUE.
Kit, is formed fpruit, and With the termination ig, ffrig; of which the follow- the former fyllable j as to defiant, a defiant ;
to cement, a <

ing, for the mod part, is the difference : ffratt, of a groffer found, imports
a fatter or grofier bud ; ffrig, of a (lenderer found, denotes a fmaller (hoot.
In manner, from fir of the verb fir roe, and cut, comes Jtrout and ftrut.
like
From the fame fir, and the termination ugglc, is made ftruggle ; and this g
imports, but without any great noife, by reafon of the obfcure found of the
vowel v. In like manner from tbrtnv and roll is made trvll j and almoft in
the fame fenfe is trundle, ">m tbrG<w or llrufi, and rundle. Thus grajf or
grcugb is compounded of grave and nugt ; and trudge from frwrf or mtf, and
ment ; to contra.lt, a contrail.
This rule has many exceptions. Though verbs feldom have their accent OB
the former, yet nouns often have it on the latter fyllable; as, delight, pcrfumt.
4. All diflyllables ending in y, as cranny ; in our, as labour,
favour ; in ovj, as <w'illavo, tualltnv, except allow ; in le, as
battle, bible ; in ijh, as banijh ; in ck, as cambrick, caj/bck ; in
ter, as to batter ; in age, as courage ; in en, as fajlen ; in et, as

quiet, accent the former fyllable.

In thefe obfervations it is eafy to difcover great fagacity and
5. Diffy liable nouns in er, as canker, butter, have the accent
great extravagance, an ability to do much defeated by the
de-
on the former fyllable.
fire of doing more than enough. It may be remarked,
6. Diffyllable verbs terminating in a confonant and e final,
1. made, that by the
That Wallis's derivations are often fo
fame licence any language may be deduced from any other.
as comprije,
having a diphthong in the laft fyllable,
efcape ; or

2. That he makes no diftinfUon between words immediately

as appeafe, reveal; or
ending in two confonants, as attend, have
the accent on the latter fyllable.
derived by us from the Latin, and thofe which, being copied from
other languages, can therefore afford no example of the genius 7. Diffyllable nouns having a diphthong in the latter fyllable,
have commonly their accent on the latter fyllable, as afflaufe ;
of the Englifh language, or its laws of derivation.
the Latin, often with great harmnefs except words in aia, certain, mountain.
3. That he derives from 8. Triffyllables formed by adding a termination, or prefixing
and violence, words apparently Teutonick ; and therefore, ac-
a fyllable, retain the accent of the radical word, as Ibvelinefs,
cording to his own declaration, probably older than the tongue
to which he refers them. tendemefs, contemner, ivagoancr, pbijtcal, befpattur, commenting,
ccmmfnding, ajjlirance.
4. That fome of his derivations are apparently erroneous.
9. Triffyllables ending in ous, as gracious, arduous ; in al, as

SYNTAX. capital ; in ion, as mention, accent the firft. ~\

10. Triffyllables ending in ce, ent, and ate, accent the firft

fyllable, as countenance, continence, armament, imminent, elegant,

The of grammarians requires that I mould here treat of
eftablifhed practice
propagate, except they be derived from words having the accent
the Syntax; but our language has fo little inflection, or variety of termina-
on the laft, as connivance, acquaintance ; or the middle fyllable
tions, that its conftrucTion neither requires nor admits many rules. Wallls
therefore has totally neglected it ; and Jonfon, whofe deiire of following the
hath a vowel before two confonants, as promulgate.
writers upon the learnei languages made him think a fyntax. indifpenfably ne- 11. Triffyllables ending \ny, as entity, fpecify, liberty, wcJory,
cefiary, has published
fuch petty obfervations at were better omitted.
fubjidy, commonly accent the firft fyllable.
12. Triffyllables in re or le accent the firft fyllable, as legible,
The verb, as in other languages, agrees with the nomina- tlicatre and fome words which have a pofuion,
; except difciple,
tive in number and perfon ; as Thou flicft from good ; He runs to
as example, tpjjllc.
death. the as
13. Triffyllables in ude commonly accent firft
fyllable,
Our
adjecYives and pronouns are invariable.
plenitude.
Of two fubftantives the noun poffefliye is the genitive as
14. TrifTyllables ending in ator or atour, as creatour; or hav-
;

His father's glory, The fun' I h^at.

ing iu the middle fyllable a diphthong, as endeavour j or a
Verbs tranfitive require an oblique cafe ; as He loves me ; vowel before two confonants, as Jomejlick, accent the middle
You fear him.
fyllable.
All prepofitions require an oblique cafe He gave this to me
:

15. Triffyllables that have their accent on the laft fyllable arc
;

He took thii from me ; He fays this of me ; He came with me*

as acquiefce, repartee, magazine ; or words
commonly French,
formed by prefixing one or two fyllables. to an acute fyllable, as
PROSODY. immature, overcharge.
1 6.
Polyfyllables, or words of more than three fyllables, fol-
low the accent of the words from which they are derived, as
It is common for thofe that deliver the grammar of modern languages, to
omit their Profody. So that of the Italians is
neglected by Satnaattci ; that of arrogating, continency, incontinently, commendable, communicabltnefs.
the French by Dtfmaraii ; and that of the Englifti by Wall'it, Confer, and even We mould therefore fay difputable, indifputable, rather than dif-
a But at the laws of metre are included in the idea and
by Jenfcn, though poet.
putable, indifputable; advert'ifement rather than adiiertije
of a grammar, 1 have thought it proper to infert them.
ment.
17. Words in ion have the accent upon the antepenult, as
Profody comprifes orthoepy, or the rules of pronunciation ;
fal<vation, perturbation, concaflian ; words in atour or ator on the
and orthometry, or the laws of verification.
penult, as dedicator.
PRONUNCIATION is juft, when every letter has its
Words ending
proper 1 8. in le commonly have the accent on the firft
found, and when every fyllable has its
proper accent, or, which fyllable, as amicable, unlefs the fecond fyllable have a vowel be-
in
Englifh verification is the fame, its proper quantity. fore two confonants, as combuftible.

The founds o/the letter* have been already explained ; and rules for the ac- 19. Words ending in ous have the accent on the antepenult,
cent or quantity are not eafily to be given, being fubjeft to innumerable as uxorious, 'voluptuous.
excep-
tions. Such however as I have read or formed, I (hall here propofc. zo. Words ending in ty have their accent on the antepenult,
as pujlllanimity , aS'ivity.

1. Of diflyllables formed by
affixing a termination, the former Thefe rules are not advanced as complete or infallible, but propofed as ufcful.
fyllable is commonly accented, as childijb, kingdom, attsft, atied, Almcft every rule of every language h^s its exceptions ; and in ETgli(h, as in
other tongues, much muft be learned by example and authority. Perhaps more
tiilftmt, Jfatr, fco/er, fairer, foremoft, zealous, f'ulnefs, godly,
and betur rules may be given that have efcapcd my obfervation*
meekly, artijl.
2. Diffyllables formed by
prefixing a fyllable to the radical
word, have commonly the accent on the latter ; as to begtt, to
VERSIFICATION is the arrangement of a certain number of"

tejeem, to fyllables according to certain laws.

beftowj.
3. Of which are at once nouns and verbs, the
diffyllables, The feet of our verfes are either iambick, as aloft,, create ;
verb has commonly the accent on the latter, and the noun on or trochaick,. as holy, lofty,
ii
Our
 A GRAMMAR OF THE
Our iambick meafure comprifc* verfes A thoufand crannies in the walls are made ;
Nor gate nor bar* exclude the bufy trade.
Offourfyllables, 'Tis built of brafs, the better to diffufe
Moft good, moft fair, The fpreading founds, and multiply the news ;

Or things as rare,
Where echoes in repeated echoes play :

To call you 's loft ; A mart for ever full ; and open night and day.
For all the coft Nor filence is within, nor voice exprefs,
Words can beftow, But a deaf noife of (bunds that never ceafe ;

So poorly (how Confus'd, and chiding, like the hollow roar

Upon your praife,
Of tides, receding from th' infulted more:
That the ways
all Or like the broken thunder, heard from far,
Senfe hath, come moit. Drajltit. When Jove to diftance drives the rolling war.
The courts are fill'd with a tumultuous din
With ravifh'd ears Of crowds, or ifl'uing forth, or ent'ring in :

The monarch hears. Drjden. A thorough-fare of news ; where fome devife

Things never heard, fome mingle truth with lies:
Of fir. The troubled air with empty founds they beat.
This while we are abroad, Intent to hear, and eager to repeat.
Shall we not touch our lyre ?
In all thefe meafures the accents are to be placed on even
Shall we not fing an ode ?
Shall that holy fire, fyllables; and every line coniidered by itfelf is more harmo-
In us that ftrongly glow'd, nious, as this rule is more ftridlly obferved. The variations ne-
In this cold air expire I ceflary to pleafure belong to the art of poetry, not the rules of
grammar.
Though in the utmoft Peak
A while we do remain, Our trochaick meafures are
Among the mountains bleak,
Of three
Expos'd to fleet and r^in , fyllables,
No fport our hours (hall break, Here we may
To exercife our vein. Think and pray.
Before death
What though bright Phoebus' beams Stops our breath :

Refrelh the fouthern ground, Other joys

And though the princely Thames Are but toys. Waltoifs Angler.
With beauteous nymphs abound.
And by old Camber's rtreams Of five.
Be many wonders found :
In the days of old,
Stories plainly told,
Yet many rivers clear
Lovers felt annoy. Qld Balla.1.
Here glide in filver fwathes,
And what of all moft dear,
Buxton's delicious baths. Offeven,
Strong ale and noble chear, Faired piece of well-form'd earth.
T' aflwage breem winter's fcathes. Urge not thus your haughty birth. Waller.

In places far or near,
Or famous, or obfcure,
Where wholfom is the air,
Or where the moft impure.
All times, and every where,
The mufe is flill in ure.
Of eight, which is the ufual meafure for
And may
at laft my
Find out the peaceful hermitage.
The hairy gown, and mofly cell.
Where I may fit, and nightly fpell
In thefe meafures the accent is to be placed on the odd
yllables.
Thefe are the meafures which ire now in ufe, and above the reft thofe of
even, eight, and ten fyllables. Our ancient poets wrote verfes fometimci in
welvc fyllables, as Drayton's Polyolbion.
Dray ton. Of all the Cambrian heads that bear fo high,
(hires their
And with an ambitious eye,
farth'ft furvey their foils
fliort poems, Mervmia tor her htlK, as for their matchlefs crowds,
The ncareft that are laid to kil's the wand'ring clouds,
weary age
Efpccial audience craves, offended with the throng,
That (he of all the rclt neglected was fo long;
Alleging for herfelf, when through the Sjxw's pride,
The godlike race of Brute to Severn's fctting
fid

Of ev'ry ftar the iky doth mew, Were cruelly intbrc'd, her mountains did relieve
And ev'ry herb that fips the dew. Thofe whom devouring war clfc every where did grieve.
Milton.
And when all Wales belide (by fortune or by might)
Unto her ancient foe refign'd her ancient right,
Of ten, which is the common meafure of heroick and tragick A conftant maiden ftill (he only did remain,
poetry, The her genuine laws which lloutly did retain.
laft

And as each one is prjis'd for her peculiar thing ,

Pull in the midft of this created fpace,
Betwixt heav'n, earth, and dies, there Hands a place
Confining on all three ; with triple bound;
Whence all things, though remote, are view'd around, >
And thither bring their undulating found.
The palace of loud Fame, her feat of pow'r,
Flac'd on thefummit of a lofty tow'r;
A thoufand winding entries long and wide
Receive of frefti reports a flowing tide.
So only (he is rich in mountains, meres, and fprings ;
And holds heifclf a- great in her fuperfiuor.s vvafte,
As others by their towns and fruitful tillage grac'd.
}
And of fourteen, as Chapman's Homer.
J And as the mind of fuch a man, that hath a long way gone,
And cither knowcth not his way, or tile would let aloac
His purpos'd journey, is diflract.
The meafures of twelve and fourteen fyllahles were often m'mglej by our
Id focts, fomcumcs in alternate lints, and Ibaxctimcs ifl altaie cuuplcu.
 Me!e
ENGLISH TONGUE.
an Alexandrine, ii now only ufed to Tis the Divinity that ftirs w'ttila v>t
Th erfe f fylUUet, called
Tis Heav'n itfelf that an
lines. points out
divcrlify heroick And intimates eternity to man.
Waller was fmooth, but Dryden taught to jo'm T
The varying verfe,
the full-refounding line, > So in that of eight fyllables,
Tbt long majfoc march, and energy divine. Pcfe, J They neither added nor confounded,
They neither wanted nor abounded* Prier*
The the Alexandrine mull be at the lixth fyllable.
paufe in
In that of feven,
The verfe of fourteen fyllables is now broken into a foft lyrick meafurs of For refinance I could fear none,
verfej confining alternately of eight fyllables
and lix. But with twenty (hips lu-i dune,
What thou, brave and happy Vernon>
She to receive thy radiant name, Haft atchiev'd with fix alone. Gltver,
Selefls a whiter fpace. fcniin.

When all (hall praife, and ev'ry lay In that of fix,

Devote a wreath to thee, 'Twas wJien the feas were roaring^

With hollow blafts of wind,
That day, for come it will, that day
Shall I lament to fee. leva A damfel lay deploring,
All on a rock redin'd.
Beneath tiit tnmb an infant lies

To earth wbofe body lent, In the

Hereafter (hall more glorious rife, When terrible tempefts aflail us,
But not more innocent. And mountainous billows affright,.
When the Archangel's trump (hall blw. Nor grandeur or wealth can avail us,
And fouls to bodies join, But flcilful induftry fleers right. Bj//a</
What crowds (hall wim their lives below
Had been as ihort as thine 1 To thefe meafures, and their laws, may be reduced svtry fpecies of Esglifl*.
verfe.

We have another rneifure very quick and lively, and therefore much ufed
in fongs, which may be called the anafejUck, in which the accent rells upon Our verification admits of few licences, except a fynalcepbctf.
every third fyllable. or elifion of e in the before a vowel,, as tb' eternal ; and more
May I govern my palfions with abfolute f rarely of o in to, as t' accept ; and a fynterejis, by which two
And grow wifer and better as lite wears away* Dr. Pcfi, fliort vowels coalefce into one iyllable, as quejtion, facial } or a

often retrenched from the

word is corrtrafted by the expulfion, of a fhort vowel before a li-
I this naeifure a fyllable is firft foot, as
Diogenes furly and proud. Dr. quid, as av'rice, temp'rance.

When prefent we love, and when abfent agree,. Thus have I which the Englilh language
collected rules and examples,. by
I think not of 1'ris, nor 1'ris of me. may be learned, the reader be already acquainted with grammatical terms,
if
Drydtn,
or taught by a mafter to thofe that arc more ignorant. To have written a
Thefc meafaret are varied by many combinations, and foraetimes by double grammar for fuch as are not yet initiated in the 1'chools, would have been te-
oeing', either with, or without rhyme, is in the hervick meafure^ dious, and p eiharis at I

A D V E fc T I S E~
 ADVERTISEMENT
TO THE
X

FOURTH EDITION,
are the works of human induftry, which to begin and finifli are hardly granted to
MANY the fame man. He that undertakes to compile a Dictionary, undertakes that, which, if it

comprehends the full extent of his defign, he knows himfelf unable to perform. Yet his labours,

though deficient, may be ufeful, and with the hope of this inferior praife, he muft incite his activity,

and folace his wearinefs.

Perfection is unattainable, but nearer and nearer approaches may be made ; and finding my Dic-

tionary about to be reprinted, I have endeavoured, by a revifal, to make it lefs reprehenfible. I will

not deny that 1 found many parts requiring emendation, and many more capable of improvement.

Many faults I have corrected, fome fuperfluities I have taken away, and fome deficiencies I have

fupplied. I have methodifed fome parts that were difordered, and illuminated fome that were obfcure.
Yet the changes or additions bear a very fmall proportion to the whole. The critick will now have
lefs to object, but the ftudent who has bought any of the former copies needs not repent j he will

not, without nice collation, perceive how they differ j and ufefulnefs feldom depends upon little

things.
r

For negligence or deficience, I have perhaps not need of more apology than the nature of the work
will furnifli : I have left that inaccurate which never was made exact, and that imperfect which never
was completed,

A D I C-
 DICTIONARY
OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
ABA

A
I *gin to be a vjcary of the fun ;
nrft letter of the European
The 2. A, taken materially, or for itfelf, is a'
And wiih th ftate of th' world were now undone.
in the Englifh noun as, a great A, a little a.
alphabets, has, ;
Sbakefpeare 's Macbeth*
language, three different iounds,
} 3. A is
placed before a participle, or par-
And now a brecre from more b^'gan to blow,

tvhich may be termed the broad, open,
and (lender.
The broad found, refembling that of
the German a, is found in many of our
in
monofyllables, as all, wall, malt, fait,
which a is pronounced as au in caufe, or
noun ; and is confidered by
ticipial
Wallis as a contraction of at, when it
is
put before a word denoting fome aftion
not yet finifhed ; LS, I am a walking.
It alib feems to be anciently contracted
from at, when placed before local fur- 8.
The tailors (hip their oars, and ccafe to row ;
Then hoift their yards a-trf, and all their fails
Let fall, to court the wind, and catch the gales.
Drydcn'i Cyx and Alcyone.
A little houfe with trees a row,
And, like its mafter, very low. Pf*> Har,
A
is fometimes redundant ; as, arife,

-TU in la-Tv. Many of thefe words were names ; as, Thomas a Becket. In other aroufe, aiuaie ; the fame with rife, roufe,
written with au, as fault, it feems to fignify like the wake.
anciently cafes, to,
vault ; which happens to be dill retained French a. 9.A, in abbreviations, (lands for artium,
in fault. This was probably the ancient A hunting Chloc went. Prior. or arts ; as, A. B. batchelor of arts, ar-
found of the Saxons, fmce it is almoft They go a begging to a bankrupt's door. Dryden. tium baccalaureus ; A. M. mafter of arts,
dumber by thefa purling foun- artium magijhr ; or, anno ; as, A. D.
uniformly preferred in the ruftic pro- May ilill
peace
tains
nunciation, and the Northern dialefts,
!
anno domini.
Which we may every year
as maun for man, baund for hand. Find when we come a filling here. Wctton. AB, at the beginning of the names of
A open, not unlike the a
of the Italians, Now the mena rubbing of armour, which
fell places, generally (hews that they have
is found in father, rather, and more a great while had lain oiled. Wtttcn. fome relation to an abbey, as Abingdon.
in &c. He will knap the fpears a pieces with
his teeth.
Gibfon.
obfcurely fancy, faft, Mtrc's Ant'id. Atbm.
A (lender or clofe, is the peculiar a of the Pefcennius Niger, and
ABA'CKE. aa"-v.
[from back.] Backwards.
Another falls a ringing a
the found of it to be Obfolete.
Englifti language, refembling judicioufly diftinguilhes the found
But when they came where thou thy (kill didft
of the French e mafculine, or diphthong modern. Atldifen on Mtdalt.
fho\v,
ai in fait, or perhaps a middle found A has a peculiar fignification, denoting
4. They drew atacte, as half with flume confound.
between them, or between the a and e ; the proportion of one thing to another. Sfcnf. Pa/.
to this theArabic a is faid nearly to ap- Thus we fay, The landlord hath a hun- AB ACTOR, n.f. [Latin.] One
who drives
found we have exam-
Of this dred a year ; The (hip's crew gained a
proach. away or fteals cattle in herds, or
great
ples in the words, place, face, wajle, and thoufand pounds a man. numbers at once, in diltindlion from
all thofe that terminate in alien as re- thofe that Heal only a (heep or two.
; The river Inn paffes through a wide open coun-
lation, nation, generation. try, during all its
ccurfe through Bavaria ; which Blount.
A is fhort, as, glafi, grafs ;
or long, as, ii a voyage of two days, after the rate of twenty
ABACUS, n.f. [Latin.]
leagues a day. Addfm in Italy.
glaze, graze:
it is marked long, gene- 1. A counting-table, anciently ufed ia
rally, by an e final, plane, or by an i
5.
A ufed in burlefque poetry, to lengthen
is
calculations.
The a out a fyllable, without adding to the
added, as plain. [In architecture.] The uppermoft mem-
ftiort is open, 2.
the long a clofe. fenfe. ber of a column, which ferves as a fort
For cloves and nutmegs to the line-a,
1. A, ar. article fet before nouns of the of crowning both to the capital and co-
And even tor oranges to China. Dryden.
fingular number; a man,
a tree ; de- lumn. Diil.
a man is 6. A is fometimes, in familiar writings, ABA'FT. od-v.
noting the number one, as, [of abaptan, Sax. behind.]
put by a barbarous corruption for he ; From the fore-part of the (hip, towards
coining, that is, no more than one ; or an
as, will a come, for will he come.
indefinite indication, as, a man may the Hern. Dia.
come way, that is, any man. This
this 7. A, in compofition,
feems to have fome- ABAI'SANCE. n.f. [from the French abai-
times the power of the French fcr, to deprefs, to bring down.] An aft
article has no plural Ggnification. Be- in thefe
fore a word beginning with a vowel, i
phrafes, a droit, a gauche, &c. and fome- of reverence, a bow. Obeyfance is con-
is written an, as, an ox, an egg, times to be contracted from at ; as, afide, fidered by Skinner as a corruption bf
which a is the contraction. ujlope, afoot, ajleef, atkn'Ji, avjare. abaifancc, but is now univerfally ufed.
VOL. I. B r*
 ABA ABA ABA
To ABA'LIENATE. <v a. [from alalieno, . of a longer form, abandoned [given up] given for a gift, more than the wages: however^
I did not believe her, and I was ahalh.-d at her.
Lat.] To make that another's which to wickednefs.
"Jot. ii.
was our own before. A term of the civil ABA'NDONINC. [A verbal noun from In the aduirr.tion only of weak mindi
13, 14.

much ufed in common fpeech.

Jaw, not abandon.} Defertion, forlaking. Led captive : ccafe t' admire, and all her plumes
ABALIENA'TION. n.f, [Lat. a!>alitnatio.~\ He hop'd his pad meritorious actions might out- Fall Mat, and fink into a trivial toy,
his prcfcnt the thought of future At every fudden (lighting quite abajht.
The aft of giving up one's right to ano- weigh
iclion.
c,bar.dor.:r.g
Clarcttd. b. viii. Milan's Paradife L'.ft, b. ii. /.
213.
ther perfon ; or a making over an eitate,
AB A'N DONMFNT./r.yi \abaiidonnement ,1' r :

,~\
The little Cupi.ls hov'ring round,
goods, or chattels by fale, or due ccxirfe 1. The aft of (As pictures pruvc) with garhnds crown'd,
oflaw. Dia. abandoning.
2. The ftate of being abandoned. Difl. Majlit! at what th'y faw and heard,
To AB A'N D. v. Flew off, nor ever more appcar'd.
a. [A word contracted from ABANNI'TION. n.f. [Lat. abannitio.~\ A WttiUar'ut.
abandon, but not now in uie. See A- banimment one or two years, for
.'

for To AB
A'TE. v. a. [from the French abba-
BANDON.] To forfake.
manflaughter. Obfolete. Difl. beat down.]
1 h tre, to
y ftrunger are
Than they which (ought at firft their helping
To ABA'RE. 11.
[abapian, Sax.] a. To make I. To lefTen, to diminifh.
band, bare, uncover, or difciofe. Difl. Who can tell whether the divine wifdom, to
And fide the glory of thole kings, did not refine this
Vortiger enforced the kingdom to aland. AiiARTicutA'TiON.H.y; [from ab , from,
Spender's Fairy S^ff,
b. ii. ctat. 10.
and articulus, a joint, Lat.] A good and wo:k to be done by r queen, that it might appear
To ABA'NDON. i>. a. alandonner. to be his own immediate work?
[Fr. apt conftruftion of the bones, by which 5/V Jobn Davits on Ireland*
Derived, according to Menage, from the
th'ey move flrongly and eafily ; or that If you did know to whom I gave the ring,
Italian abanJonare, which fignifies to And how
fpecies of articulation that has manifeft unwillingly I left the ring,
forfake his colours ; bandum \vexillum\ motion. DiS. .You would abate the drength of your difpleafure.
deferere. Pafquier
thinks it a coalition of To ABA'SE. a. [Fr. abaijfir, from the
<v.
Here we fee the hopes of great benefit and light
a ban donner, to give up to a profcription ; Lat. or bejjus, a barbarous word,
bafts, from expofitors and commentators, are in a great
in which fenfe we, at this day, mention
fignifying low, bafe.] part abated; and thofe who have mod need of their
the ban of the empire. Ban, in our 1. To deprefs, to lower. help, can receive but little from them.
own old dialed, fignifies a curfe ; and It is a point of cunning to wait upon him with
Luke's EJJay on St. Paul's
Efjilcs.
to abandon, if confideredas compounded whom you fpeak with your eye; yet with a demure 2. To dejeft, or deprefs the mind.
between French and Saxon, is
exaftly abajing of it fometimes. Bacon. This iron world

equivalent to diris drvciiere.]

2. To caft down, to deprefs, to bring low ; Brings down the (touted hearts to lowed Mate :

in a figurative and pcrfonal fenfe, which For mifery doth braved minds abate.
i. To give up, refign, or quit ; often fol-
is the common ufe. Spenf. Hubbcrd't Tale.
lowed by the particle to. Have the power ftill
If (he be fo tiband^n'd to her forrow, H?ppy Ihcpherd, to the gods be thankful, that To banilh your defenders, till at length
As it is
fpoke, (he never wilt admit me.
to thy advancement their wifdoms have thceaijfcd. Your ignorance deliver you,
Sbateff. Twelfth Night. Sidney, b. i.
As moft abated captives to fome nation
The- paffive gods behold the Grteks defile Behold every one that proud, and abaje him. is
That won you without blows !

Their temples, and abandon to the fpoil Job, x!. ji.

With unrefifted might the monarch reigns; Siakeffcare'i C-.rioltms,
Their own abodes ; we, feeble few, confpire Time, that changes all, yet changes us in vain,
To fave a finking town, involv'd in fire.
He levels mountains, and he raifes plains ; The body, not the mind ; nor can controul
And, not regarding difT'rence of degree,
Dryd. Mnetd. Th' immortal vigour, or abatt the foul.
Who is he
abandoned to fottifli credulity, as
fo jieas'd your daughter, and exalted me.
Dryd. JEne'id.
to think, that a of earth in a ficlc, may ever,
c!r>d Dryd. Fables. In commerce, to let down the price in
If the mind be curbed and humbled too much 3.
by eternal (hiking, receive the fabric of man's beat down the price
in children if their fpirits be abated and broken felling, fometimes to
B.-Kt/cy's Sermons.
;
body ?
Muft he, whofe altars on the Phrygian fhore, much by too drift an hand over them ; they lofe in buying.
all their vigour and induftry. To ABA'TE.
With frequent rites, and pure, avow'd thy pow'r, <v. n;
Be doomed the word of human ills to prove, Locke on Education, 46. 1. To grow ; as, his paffion abates ;
lefs
Unblefs'd, abandon' d to the wrath of Jove ? ABA'S ED. adj. [with heralds] a term ufed the ftorm abates. It is ufed fometimes
Pofe's Odj/ty, b. i. I. 80. of the wings of eagles, when the top
with the particle of before the thing
a. To defert ; to forfake : in an ill fenfe. looks downwards towards the point of the
The leflened.
princes ufing the portions of fearing evil, ftiield ; or when the
and dcfiring to efcape, only to ferve the rule of wings are fhut ; the Our phyficians have obfcrvcd, that in procefs of
virtue, not to abandon one's felf, leapt to a rib of
natural way of bearing them beingfpread time, fome difeafes have abated cf their virulence,
the (hip. with the top pointing to the chief of the and have, in a manner, worn out their malignity,
Sidney, b. ii.
fo as to be no longer mortal.
Seeing the hurt Mag alone, angle. Bailey. Chambers.
Left and abandon' d of his velvet friends,
ABA'SEMENT. n.f. The ftate of being Drydcn'i Hind and Panther,
*Tis right, quoth he ; thus mifery doth part 2. [In common law.]
The flux of company* Sbakefp. j^s you like it. brought low ; the aft of bringing low ; Itin law ufed both actively and neuterly ; as,
is

What fate a wretched fugitive attends, depreffion. it down.

to abate a caftle, to beat To abate a writ,
Scorn'd by foes, abandcn'd by my friends. There is an abafitncrt becaufe of glory ; and is, by fome exception, to defeat or overthrow it.
my
Dryd. A'neid, 2.
there is that lifteth up his head from a low efrate. A ftranger alatetb, that is, entereth upon a houfe
But to the pavtisg goddcfs thus (he pray'J j Ecclcfiujl'n'us, xx. ii. or land void by the death of him that lair, poflelTcd
Propitious dill be prcfcnt to aid, my To ABA'SH. *a. a. [See BASHFUL. Per- it, before the heir take his pofl'cflion, and fo keep-
Nor quite abandon your oncc-favour'd maid. eth him out. Wherefore, as he that putteth out
haps from alaijfer, French.] him in pofiefllin, is (aid to difTeife : fo he that
Dryd. Fat. To
To forfake, to leave.
l. put into confufion ; to make afha- fteppeth in between the former poflcflbr and his
3.
He med. It generally implies a fudden heir is faid to aba'.e. In the neuter (ignification
boldly fpake, Sir knight, if knight tliDu be,
mame. The writ of the d mandment ihMabate, that
impreflion of
Abandon this (oreftallrd place at erft, thus:
For fear of further harm, I ccunfel thee. They heard, and were aiajh'J. is,(hallbedifablcd, r'ruftrated, or overthrown. The

Sffnfer's Fairy Sjften, b. ii. cant. 4. Mi!t:n's Paradije Loft, b. \. I.

331. appeal abateib by covin, that is, that the accufa-
flanx. 39. 1
tion defeated by deceit.
To ABANDON OVER. i>. a. [a form of wri- This heard, th imperious queen fat mute with is Cornel.

ting not ufual, perhaps not exact.] To fear ; 3. [In horfemanfhip.] A horfe is faid to
Nor further durft incenfe the gloomy thunderer. abate or take down his curvets ; when
give up to, to refign. Silence was in the court at this rebuke :
Look on me as a man abandcn'd o'er Nor could the g^ds, fullain their fove-
working upon curvets,' he puts his two
To an eternal lethargy of love abajb'd, hind legs to the ground both at once,
reign's look. Dry den's Fables.
;

To pull, and pinch, and wound me, cannot cure, and obferves the fame exaftnefs in all
And but didurb the <juiet of my death. z. The paflive admits the particle at, fome-
the times. Difl.
Dryd. Sf. Friar.
times of, before the caufal noun.
ABA'NDONED. In no wilclpeak againftthe truth, but ABA'TE ME NT. n.f. [abatement, Fr.]
partieip. adj. Corrupted \>cabajbed
l. The ad of
of the error of thy ignorance. Ecclus. iv. 15. abating or leffcning.
in the hi gheit degree ; as, an abandoned I faid unto her, From whence is this kid ? Is tells us, that the city contained about
Xenophon
In this fenfe, it is a contraction it not ftolcn But was ten tlioul'and hooks, and allowing one mail to every
? (be replied upon me, it

be ufc,
 ABB ABB A B D
houfe, who could have any (hare in the govern- I hive a filter, abbcfs in
Tercerai, faults; who fooner (hews mercy thah anger; wh
ment (the reft confiding of women, children, and Who loft her lo\er on her bridal-day. offers violence to his appetite, in nil things endea-

(en-ants), and making other obvious abatement!, Dryd. D. Silaji vouring to I'ubdue the flefli to the fpirit. This is
thefe tyrants, if theyhad been careful to adhere Conftantja, as foon as the folemnities of her re- an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a
together, might have been a majority even of the ception were over, retired with the abbtjs into hcv
Chrirtian. Taylor*: Guide to Drvotic*.
people collective.
own apartment. Add-on. ABBREUVOl'R. [in French, a watering,
Sv.'ift on tbe Centeji of'Athens and Rome. ABBY.
A'BBEY, or n.f. [Lat. abbntia; place. Ital. abbe--verato, dal verbo beiiere.
2. The Hate of being *!iated. from whence probably firit ABBACY ; Lat. bibcre. Abbeverari i cavalli. This
Coffee has, in common with all nuts, an oil
which fee.] A monaflery of religious word is derived
by Menage, not much
ftrongly combined and entangled with earthy par-
ticles. The moft noxious part of oil exhales in perfons, whether men or women ; di!- acquainted with the Teutonic dialecls,
roifting, to the abatement of near one quarter of its tinguifhed from religious houfes of other from adbibare for adbibere ; but more
Arbutbnrt on Aliments.
weight. denominations by larger privileges. See probably it comes from the fame root
3. The fum or quantity taken away by the ABBOT. with bre-iu. See BREW.] Among ma-
aft of abating. With eafy roads he came to Leicefter ; fons, the joint or juncture of two Hones,
The law of works is that U\v, which requires Lodg'd in the abbey, where the reverend abbot, or the interftice between two Hones to be
perfect obedience, without remiflion
or abatement , With all his convent, honourabiy receiv'd him.
man canr.ot bejult, or jufti-
filled up with mortar. Dicl.
fo that, by thatlaw, a Sbake/f.
without an exact performance of every tittle. A'BBEY-LUBBER. A'BBY. See ABBEY.
fied,
n.f. [See LuBBER.]
Locke.
A flothful loiterer in a religious houfe, A, B, C.
4. The caufe of abating ; extenuation.
under pretence of retirement and aufte-
1. The
alphabet; as, he has not learned
As our advantages towards piutt.fmij and pro- his a, i, c.
nr-ting piety and virtue were gre-iier than thole or" rity.
other men ; fo will our excufe be lefs, if we neglect This no Father Dominic, no huge overgrown
is 2. The book by which the elements
little

to rmke ule of them. We

cannnt plead in abate- abbey-lubber ; this is but a diminutive fuckirg of reading are taught.
ment of our guilt, that we were ignorant of our f iar. Dryrl. Sf. Fr. Then comes queition like an a, b, c, book.
duty, under the prepolTefiion of ill habits, and the
A'BBOT. n.f. [in the lower Latin abbas, Skakeffeare.
bias of a wrong education. Alttrburf s Sermons. from l father, which fenfe was Hill To A'BDICATE. i;.
[Lat. aMict.] To
a.

5. [In law.] The aft of the abater ; as, the implied ; fo that the abbots were called give up right ; to refign ; to lay down
abatement of the heir into the land before and abbefles malres monajtcrii. an office.
patres,
he hath agreed with the lord. The af- Thus Fortunatus to the abbot Paternus :
Old Saturn, here, with upcaft eyes,
feftion or paffion of the thing abated ; Beheld his ttdufted flsies.
, Nominis cjficiumjure, Patcrne,geris.] The Add'ifa*,

as, abatement of the writ. Ctmiel. chief of a convent, or fellowfhip of ca-

ABDICA'TION. n.f. [al>di*:a:io,Lat.] The
aft of abdicating
6. [With heralds.] An accidental mark, nons. Of thefe, fome in England were ; refignation
quitting ;

which being added to a coat of arms, an office by one's own proper act before
mitred, fome not thofe that were mi-
:

the dignity of it is abafed, by reafon of the ufual or dated expiration.

tred, were exempted from the jurifdic-
Neither doth it appear how a princa's abdication
fome ftain or difhonourable quality of tion of the diocefan, having in them- can make any other fort of vacancy in the throne^
the bearer. DiS. felves epifcopal authority within their than would be caufed by his death ; fince he can -

ABA'TER. n.f. The

agent or caufe by precinfts, and being alfo lords of parlia-
not abdicate for his children, otherwife than by his>
which an abatement is procured ; that ment. The oth/r fort were fubjeft to own confent in form to a bill from the two houfes.
Swift m
the Ser.tiir.cnts of a Church
by which any thing is leflened. the diocefan in all fpiritual government. of
Abaters of acrimony or fliarpneis, are cxprellej England Man*
oils of ripe vegetables, and all
preparations of
A'BDICATIVE. adj. That which caufes.or
See AIIBEY. Di3.
fuch ;
as of almonds, piftach r nuts.
implies an abdication.
Atbutkna nit Dirt. A'BBOTSHIP. n.f. The ftate or privilege A'BDICATIVE. adj. [from a bdo, to hide.]
n.f. [a law term.] One who
ABA'TOR. of an abbot. DiS. That which has the power or quality of
intrudes into houfes or land, void by the To ABBREVIATE, v. a. [Lat. abbre- hiding. ViS.
death of the former poiTeflbr, and yet 111
AEDO'MEN.
are.} n. f. [Lat. from aide, to
not entered upon or taken up by his it To (horten
by contraction of parts with- A
cavity commonly called the
hide.]
heir. Dift. out lofs of the main fubftance ; to abridge. lower venter or belly : It contains the
It is one thing to abbreviate
A'r.ATunE. n.f. [old records.] Anything by contracting, an- ftoinach, liver,
other by cutting off. guts, fplcen, bladder,
diminifhed. Baecn, FJJuy 26.
Bailey. The only invention of late years, which hath and is within lined with a membrane
A'BATURE. n.f. [from ataire, French.] contributed towards pslirenels in dilcourfc, is that called the peritonaeum. The lower part
Thofe fprigs of grafs which are thrown of abbreviating or reducing words of many fyllsbles iscalled the hypogaltrium ; the foremoll
down by a (lag in" his pafiirg by. Difl. into one, by lopping off the reft.
Sicift.
part is divided into the epigaftrium, the
ABB. n.f. The yarn on a weaver's warp 2. To ftiorten, to cut fhort.
;
Set the jtrength of their dajs before the flood right and left hypochondria, and the
a term among clothiers. Chambers. ;
navel ; 'tis bounded above by the car-
which wer^: .ifter, and contracted into
ABBJ. n.f. [Heb. 2] A Syriac word, hundreds and thrcefcores. tilago enfiformis and the diaphragm,
which (\gmhesfatber. Brr,ivt:"s
Vulgar Errors, b. vi. c. 6.
fideways by the fhort or lower ribs, and
A'BBACY. The rights ABBREVI A'TION-.
n.f. [Lat. abbatia.~\ n.f. - behind by the vertebra; of the loins, the
or privileges of an abbot. See ABBEY. i. Tie aft of bones of the coxendix, that of the pubes,
abbreviating.
According to Felinui, an abbacy is dignity t.'.e
z. The means ufed to abbreviate, as cha- and os facrum. It is covered with feve
, word of
fmcc an abbot is a term c r dignity,
ral mufcles, from whofe alternate relaxa-
fignifying whole words ; words
rafters
and not of office ; and, therefore, even a fccular
perfon, who has the care of fouls, is fometimes, contracted. tions and contractions in refpiration,.
in the canon la.v, a!f> Oiled an .ibLot. Such is the propriety and energy in them all,
digeilion is forwarded, and the due mo-
AslffS* Fortran Juris Canonici. that they never can be cluij,- but to di
,\, tioa of all the parts therein contained
A'fiBESS.fl.y^ [Lat. abbatijja, from whence fage, except in the circumftance of ufmg aibre-.'ia-
tiatis. promoted, both for fecretion and expul-
the Saxon abubij-fe, then probably ab- Siuifi.
fion.
and by contraction abbtjj'e in Fr.
ABBREVIA'TOR. n.f. \abbrcviateur, Fr.] 0>uii:<y.
batefi, The abtlatmn confifls of parts containing ajid con-
and atbej'i, Eng.] The fuperiour or go-
One who abbreviates, or abridges. tained. fPljttnatfs Surgery.
An E R E'VI ATURE. a. f, \abbreiiiatura,
vernefs of a nunnery or monaftery of ABDO'MINAL. 1 <*>{/ Relating to the ab-
women. Lat.]
1. A mark ufed for the falce of (hortening. ABDO'MINOUS. J
To ABDU'CE. -v.
domen.
They fled
2. A compendium or abridgment. a. [Lat. abduco.] To
hfy, whither we purfued them
.is al
;
draw to a different part to withdraw
;
And hrrr the jlh^s (hu:. '.he gate on us, H>: good man, who
is a
grit-tut r.i.her tor him
And will ;i9L fuficr us to frtcli him that injures him, than fur hij own fuffcring; who one part from another. A word chiefly
Skaief. C. ofErrrs. prays for him that wrongi him, forgiving all his ufed in phyfic or fcience.
B i if
 ABE A B H A B I

If w elivct the eye unto either comer, the cf alirri, Lat.] Wandering, going a- The felf.fame thing they will alt*
One way, and long another for.
object will not duplicate; fjr, in that pofition,the itray.
axii of the cones remain in the fm
plain, as is Of the verb aberr I have found no
HuJibras, f. i. calf, i,
demoaftrated in the optics delivered by Galen.
A church of England man abhors the humour
BrovtlCl Vulgar Errours, b. iii. C. 2O. example. of the a.je, in delighting to fling fcandals upon the
Divers were out in their account, al-erring feve- clergy in general; which, betides the difgrace tr
ABDU'CENT. Mufcles abducent are
adj. ral ways from the true and jult compute, and call- the reformation, and to religion itfelf, cafts an ig-
thofe which ferve to open or pull back
ing that one year, which perhjpj might be
another. nominy upon the kingdom. Swift. Cb. t

divers parts of the body ; their oppofues Bravin's Vulgar Errours, b. iv. c. 12. ABHO'RRENCE.
being called adducent. Difl. To ABERU'NCATE. j. a. [a-verunco, Lat.] ABHO'RREKCY.
ABDUC'TION. n.f. [abduflii, Lat.] To pull up by the roots ; to extirpate
1. The aft of abhorring, deteftation.
1. The art of drawing apart, or withdraw- utterly. Difl. It draws upon him the hatred and abhorrence of
ing one part from another. To ABE'T. v. a. [from beran, Sax. fig- all men here j and fubjects him to the wrath of
2. A particular form of argument. nifying to enkindle or animate.] To God hereafter. South' s Sermons.

AEDlfCTOR. n.f. [abduflor, Lat.] The

2. The difpofition to abhor, hatred.
puih forward another, to fupport him
in
Even a juft and neceflary defence does, by giv-
name given by anatomifts to the muf- his defigns by connivance, encourage-
ing men acquaintance with war, take off fome-
cles, which ferve to draw back the fe- ment, or help. It was once indifferent, what from the abhorrence of it, and infenuhly dif-
veral members. but is almoft always taken by modern pofe them to hoiMlities.
Dewy of Piety.
H fuppofcd th conftrictors of the eye-lids mud
:
writers in an ill fenfe : as may be feen The firft tendency to any injuftice that appears,
be ftrenginened in the fupcrcitious j the abdufltrs muft be fupprefled with a fliow of wonder and ab-
in ABETTER.
in drunkards, and contemplative men, who have and governours.
To abet fignifie:h, in our common law, as much borrer.cy in the parents
the fame fteady and grave motion of the eye. Locke on Education, IIO.
as to encourage or fet on. Cowel.
Arbuibnct and Pope's A''artittus Scriblcrus.
Then fliall I foon, quoth he, return again, ABHO'RRENT. adj. [from abhor.}
ABECEDARIAN, n.f. [from the names of Abet that virgin's caufe difconfolate, 1. Struck with abhorrence ; loathing.
a, t, c, the three firlt letters of the al- And ftiortly back return. Fairy Soften, b. i. For if the worlds
phabet.] He that teaches or learns the
A widow who by folemn vows, In worlds inclos'd could on his fenfes burft,
Contracted to me, for my fpoufe, He would abhorrent turn.
alphabet, or firft rudiments of literature. Combin'd with him to break her word,
This word by Wood in his Tbomfvn's Summer, I.
is ufed 310.
And has abttttd all. Hudibras, f. iii. cant. 3.
Atbenet where mentioning Men 2. Contrary to, foreign, inconfiftent with.
Oxonienfes, lay fo greatweight upon right opinions,
the critic, he relates, that, in and eagernefs of abating them, that they account with the particles from or
It is ufed to,
Farnaby
forne part of his life, he was reduced to that the unum neceiTarium. Decay of fitly. but more properly with from.
follow the trade of an abecedarian by his They abated both parties in the civil war, and This I conceive to be an hypothefis, well worthy
always furniflied fupplies to the weaker fide, left a rational belief; and yet it is fo abhorrent
fri-.x
misfortunes. there Humid be an end put to thefe fatal divisions. the vulgar, that they would as foon believe Anaxa-
A'BKCEDARY.ai^'. [See AB ECE D A R I AN.] Addifcn. Freeholder, NO 28.
goras, that fnow is black, as him that mould af-
1. Belonging to the alphabet. ABE'T MENT. n.f. The aft of abetting. firm it is not white.

2. Infcribed with the alphabet. Dia. Glanvil/e's Scefjis Scieitt. c. 12.

This pretended from the fympathy of two

is
ABE'TTER, or ABE'TTOR. ti.f. He that Why
then thefe foreign thoughts of ftate em-
needles touched with the loadftonc, and placed in ployments,
abets ; the fupportsr or encourager of Albtrrcnt to your function and your breeding ?
th: center of two abecedary circles, or rings of let-
a:vnher. Poor droning truants of unpractis'd cells,
ters, defcribed round about them, ene friend keep-
Whilft calumny has two fuch potent abaters, Bred in the fellowship of bearded boys,
ing one, and another the other, and agreeing upon
will communicate. we are not to wonder at its growth : as long as What wonder is it if you know not men ?
\*^o hour wherein they
Brvwn'i Vulgar Erreurs, b. ii. c. 3. men are malicious and defigning, they will be tra- Drjden.
Govern, of the Tuttguc. ABHO'R RER.
ABE'D. aifa. [from a, for at, and bed.} In ducing. n.f. [from abhor.} The per-
You (hall be ftill plain Torrifmond with me,
fon that abhors a hater, detefler.
bed. TV aittur, partner (if you like the name),
The
;

lower clergy were railed at, for difputing

It was a fhame for them to mar their com- The huiband of a tyrant, but no king ;
the power of the bifliops, by the known abborrcrl
plexions, yea and conditions too, with long lying Till you dcfervc that title by yourjuftice.
tbtd : when (he was of their age, flie would have ot epilcopacy, and abufed for doing nothing .n
Drydens Spamjb Friar, the convocations, by thefe very men who wanted
made a handkerchief by that time o'day. Thefe confederations, though they may have no
Sidrey, b ii. influence on the multitude, ought to fink into the
to bind up their hands. S-wift. Examiner, 21. N
She has not been abed, but in her chapel minds of thoCe who are their abettors, and who, ABHO'R RING. The objeft of abhorrence.
All night devoutly watch' d. Dryd. Kfan. Friar. if they cfcape punilhment here, mud know, that
This feems not to be the proper ufe of
ABE'RRANCE. In./, [from aberra, Lat. thefe fcvcral mifchiefs will be one day laid to their
the participial noun.
ABE'RRANCY. \ to wander from the charge. Addifc-r.. Freeholder, 50. N
They fliall go forth, and look upon the carcafes
right way.] A
deviation from the right ABEY'ANCE. n.f. [from the French ako-
of the men that have tranl'grefl'ed againft Me :
yer, allatrare, to bark at.] This word,
way ; an errour ; a miftake ; a falfe opi- for their worm fliall not die, neither fliall their
nion. in Littleton, cap. Difcontinuance, is thus fire be quenched, and they fliall be an abhorring
not only fwarm with errours, but vices
They do ufed. The
right of fee-fimple lieth in
unto all flerti.
Ijaiab, Ixvi. 44.
depending thereon. Thus they commonly affect abeyance, when it is all only in the re- To ABI'DE. -v. n. I abode or abid. [from
no manany farther than he deferts his reafon, or bibian, or aubibian, Sax.]
membrance, intendment, andconfidera
complies with thrir aberranaes. The
Brown'* Vulgar Errours, b. 3. c.
tion of the law. frank tenement of i. To
dwell in a place ; not remove ; to
3.
Could a man be compofed to fuch an adv the glebe of the parfonage, is in no man
Ray.
of conftitution, that it mould not at .ill a
during the time that the parfonage is '1
liy fervant became furety for the lad unto my
the images of his mind; yet this fecond natuic It' 1
thee, thenhim not unto
void, but is in abeyance. father, faying, bring
would alter the era/is of his underft/mding, and
ABGRE,GA'TION. n. f. [akgregatio, Lat.]
I fliall bear the blame to
father for ever. my Now
render it as obnoxious to aberrance:, as no.v. therefore I pray thee, let thy fervant abide inftead
GlanvillCs Sccpfis Stientijica, c. 16. Afeparation from the flock. Did. f f the lad, a bondman to lord ; and let the my
ABE'RRANT. [from aberrant, Lat.]
adj.
To ABHO'R. -v. a. [abhorree, Lat.j To l.ul g-i up with his brethren. Gen. xliv. 32, 33-.

Deviating, wandering from the right or hate with acrimony ; to detelt to extre- To dwell.
known way. Difl. mity to loath
; ;
to abominate. The Marquis Dovfet, as I hear, is fled

ABERRA'TION. n.f. [fromaterratio, Lat.] \Vhillt I was g i> in clamou:, <:a:nc a man, To Richmond, in the p.irU where he abides. -

Who having (Ven ;;ie in my worfcrftate, Sbakcfp, Richard III.

The act of deviating from the common Shunn'd Thofe who apply themfclves to learning, are
my abhorr'ii fociety.
or from the right track. Sbai 'feart's K. Liar. forced to acknowledge one God, incorruptible and
If be a miitake, there is no herefy in fucli an
it ten ; who is the only true being, ana aliJ<-*
Juftly thou albjrr'Ji
haimlefs aberratiin; the probability of it will ten- That fon, who on the qmet llatc of men : . t om whence
der it a lapfe of cafy pardon. Such trouble brought, affecting to fubdue He berw'.Js ail the things that arc done in heaven,
Glan-uilU s Scefjis Scientlfca, c. u. Rational liberty. and earth.
ABE'RRIKC. ///. [from the verb aberr, Milt. Farad. Lcjl, t. xii. 1. 79. f till'mgf. -Defence of Difc, on Rim. Idolat.

3. To
 A B I A B J A B J
3.
To remain ; not ceafe or fail 5 to be Girt with circumfluous tides, Servility and aljeSncfs of humour is
implicitly
immoveable. He ftill calamitous conftraint abides. involved in the charge of lying.
Pope'i O.t'y/ b. iv. 750 Cmicrmnevt of the 8.
They that trud in the Lcrd (hall be as mount
/.
Tongue,
Zi-n, '.vh <-h cannot be removed, but abidetb for ABI'DER. n.f. [from abide.} The perfon By humility I mean not the abjtfimjs of a bafe
that abides or dwells in a mind but a prudent care not to over-value our-
Pjalm cxxv.
:
ev?r. I.
place ; per- felves
A upon any account.
4. To continue in the fame ftate. haps that lives or endures. wore Grtiu*s Cofmclog'ut Sacra, b. ii. c. 7*
The fear of the Lord teJeth to life and hi little in uie.
;
ABI'LITY. n.f. [Habilfte, Fr.]
tha: hath i: Jhall aiide fatisiied. Pr',<v. xix. 23 ABI'DINC. n.f. [from abide.] Continu- 1. The
'I can be no ftudy without time; and the
iiete
ance fixed ftate.
power to do any thing, whether
mull zbide and dwell upon things, or be al-
; ftay ;
rr.ir.d
We are ftrangers before Thee and depending upon fkill, or riches, or
fojourners, as
ways a ftranger to the inlije of them. South.
were all our fathers : our days on the earth are as ftrength, or any other quality.
5'.
To endure without offence, anger, or a fhadow, and there is none abidirg. Of finging thou haft got the reputation,
contradiction. 1 Cbron. xxix. 15
Good Thyrfis, mine I yield to thy ability ;

Whocan abi^e, that, againft their own doctors, The air in that
region is fo violently
removed, My heart doth feek another eftimation.
fix whole books ihould by their fatherhoods be nn- and carried about with fuch Sidney, b. i,
fwiftnefs, as nothing
If aught in my ferve
peru>ufly obtruded upon God and his church ? may
in tlut place can crmfi't or have ability
abiding.
To lighten what thou iufler'ft,. and appeafe
Hall. Rjw'rty', Hifliry oflbf Wirld.
ufed with the particle --with be- A'BJECT. adj. Lat. thrown Thy mind with what amends is in my powV.
6. It is [abjetfus, Milton"! S^mfj'on
of no value.]
as slgoniftts, 1. 744.
fore a perfon, and at or in before a place. away They gave after their ability unto
the treafure.
her to thee, than that I
It is te"_er that I give 1. Mean; worth! efs ; bafe; groveling:
Exra, ii.
69.
fluuU give her to another : u-iti me. mm AMe fpoken of perfons, or their qualities. If any man minifter, let him do it as of the-
G- r.. xxix. 19. Rebellion ability which Cod givcth : that God in- all
things
For thy fervant vowed a vow, while, I abode at Came like itfelf in bafe
and aljeS routs, may be glorified through
Jefus Chrift. IPC!, iv. ij.
Gelhur in Syria, faying, if the Lord ihall brin^ me Led on by bloody yourh goaded with Wherever we. find our abilities too weak for the
rage,
again indeed to Jerufalem, then 1 vfill ferve th= And councenanc'd by boys ami beggary. performance, he affures us of the afliftance of his
Lord. 2 Sam. xv. 8. Holy
Sbalejf care's Henry IV. Spirit. Rogers' s Sermons.
I wa5 at fird, as other beads that
7. It is ufed with by before a thing; as, to graze
The trodden herb, of atijtSi timu^hts and low.
2. Capacity of mind; force of underftand-
abide by his teftimony ; to abide by his
Mi.'t. Paia ing ; mental power.
';, L-ft, b. ix. /. 571. Children in whom tbere was no blemi/h, buf
own fkill ; that is, to rely ufon them ; to Honed men, who tell their fovereigns what
they well-favoured, and (k.lful in all wifdom, and cun-
abide by an opinion ; to maintain it ; to expect Irom them, and wh.,t obedience they fliall
be always ready to ning in knowledge, and ujidcrftanding fcience,
abide by a man, is alfo, to defend or jup pay them, are not upon an and fuch as had ability in them, to ftand in the
equal foot with bafe and a/yeff flatterers.
pert him. But thefe forms are fome- king's palace. > an . ;.
^
'n't
Whig Examiner.
thing low. 2.
Being of no hope or regard ; ufed of
2. When it has the plural number, abili^
Of the participle abid, I have found condition. ties, it
frequently fignifies the faculties,
only the example in Woodward, and The rarer thy example Itands, or powers of the mind, and fometimes
(hould rather determine that abidein the h v the top of wond'rous the force of
I-y
glory, underftanding given, by na-
aftive fenfe has no paffive participle, or Strongeft of m, .-:..,
ture, as diftinguifhed from acquired qua-
To loweft pitch of utjtS fortune thou art fall'n.
compounded preterite.
Milton's Samff'jn
lifications.
"To As I'D E. -v. a. We fee man jnd woman in the
Agtmjics. Whether it may be thought neceflary, that in
higheft inno-
1. To wait for, expe&,attend, wait upon, cence and perfection, and in the moft
abjeB ftate
certain trafts of country, like what we call
pa-
await ufed of things prepared for per-
:
of guilt and rities, there flioulJ be one man, at lead, of abili-
infir.nity.
lics to read and write ?
fons, as well as o/ perfons expecting Mdifai. Sfeftator, N 279. Swift.
Mean and ufed of aftions.
ABINTE'STATE. from, and
adj. [of tit,
things. 3. defpicable
Ho ighc, and laij in fumptuous bed,
'i hi:
rapine is f > ahjtfl
;

and profan-.-, intejtattis, Lat.] A term of law, im-

Where many Ifciiful leeches him abide, They not from trifles, nor from gods refrain.
'
plying him that inherits from a man,.
To f.Ke his hurts. Fiiry Sjtten, b. i. t.
5. Jl. 17. Drydcn's Juvenal, Sat. 8. who, though he had the power to make
While lions war, an: battle for their dens, To what bafe ends, and by what
atjeCI ways, a will, yet did not make it.
Poor h.irm^-f', lambs abide their enmity. Are mortals urg'd through facred luft of >
praif
To A'BJUOATE. it. a.
[abjugc, Lat.] To
Sbak-ff. Hen. VI. p. 3. Pope's Eflty on Criticijm.
Bonds and afBicli ns abide me. Act'., xx. 23. A BJECT. n.f. A man without hope a unyoke, to uncouple. Did ;

2. To bear or fupport the

confequences ot man' whofe miferies are irretrievable; To ABJU'RE. v. a. \_abjuro, Lat.]
a thing. one of the loweft condition. I To caft off upon oath, to fwear not to .

Ah me they little know

! the etjefii gathered themfelves do or not to have
',
together fomething.
How dearly I atide that boalt fo vain. againft me. Pjalm xxxv. 15.
Either to die the death, or to
abjure
Milton's Par.
Ltjl. To ABJE'CT. v. a. To For ever the fociety .. man.
[abjicio, Lat.]
3. To bear or fupport, without being con- throw away. A word rarely ufed.
Sbakejpear/>s Midjum. Nigbfs Dreaa*
No man, therefore, that hath not abjured hia
quered or deftroyed. ABJE'CTEDNESS. n.f. [from atjea.] The reafin, <inJ (worn
But the L>rd he is the true God, he is the allegiance to a preconceived
ftate of an abjedt. fantaftical hypothecs, can undertake the defence
liv ng God, and an everlafting king:
?

At his Our Saviour would love at no !efs rate than of fuch a fuppofition.
wrath the earth (hill tremble, and the nations Hale
death; and, from the fuper ht of To
(hill n t be /ble K abide his indignation. ^.
:
retraft, recant,, or
'Jfr. x. 10. glory, ftooped and abafed himfelf i., tire lufi^rance abnegate a po.
It rnuft ce allawed a fair prefurnption in favour of the extremed of indignities, anJ lunk himfelf fition upon oath.
of the truth of my do&rinfs, that they have abid to the bottom of
abjcfledncf;, to exalt our condi-
ABJIJRA'TION. n.f. [from aljure.~\ The
a very rigorous ted r.ow for above thirty
years,
and the more ftnftly they are looked into, the
tion to the contrary extreme.
Boylt't Works. act of abjuring. The oath taken for
moie they are confirmed. ABJE'CTION. n.f. [from abjea.} Mean- that and.
Wood-ward, Litter \.
nefsofmind; wantoffpirit; fervility; Until Henry VIII. his time, if a
man, having
4. To bear without averfion ; in which
bafenefs. committed felony, could go into a church, c
fenfe it is commonly ufed with a That mould be termed bafenefs, church-yard, before he were apprehended, he might
nega- this
abjelllon
tive. of mind, or not be take<i from thence to the ufu.il trial of
fervility, is h law,
cand not abide Tiridates; but conferring his fault to the
ii this is but Ihn'tcr, b. v. jultice;, or to the
47.
lu-.c of trr.fcl.. The medium coroner, gave his oath to forfakc the realm for
Sidney, b. ii. j'ift lies betwixt pride and the
two extrcn, ever, which was called abjuration.
Thy vile race, aljcftian, the
L'Eft'range. There are fame
Though thou didrt learn, hdd true in't, which abjurations dill in force among
A'BJECTI.Y. adv. [from abjefl.} In an U3 here in Em.laml
. natures ; as, by the Itatui of tin:
zjth.
not abide to be with; therefore wad thou abjcfl manner, meanly, bafely, fer- of, king, Charles II. all
p._-rtoiis that are admitted
into any office, civil or
Defcrvcdly confm rl unto this rock. vilely, contemptibly. military, murt take the
'BJECTKES5. left; which is an alyuratim-oi luinc doChines o*
Sbaleff. Timftjl. n.f. [from abjetl.] Ab- the church of Rome.
5. To bear or uffer. jeftion/ fcrvility, meannefs. There is likewife another oath of e.kjurat'.m,
wnick
 ABO ABO
-which liym:n and clergymen are both obliged to To A"BLEGATE. <v. a. [atlego, Lat/ He loudly call'd to fuch as were aboard,
take 5 and that is to aljure th* Pretender.
To fend abroad upon fome employment The little bark unto the (hore to draw,
;
Ail'fci Parcrgan Jura Cantrtci Aj>d him to ferry over that deep ford.
to fend out of the way. Dil.
ABLA'CTATE. <u. a. [aklatfo, Lat.;
To Fairy Queen, b. ii. cant. 6,

To wean from the breaft. ABL EG A'T ON. u.f. [from i

ablcgate.] Tht He might land them, if it
plcafcd him, or
aft of fending abroad. DieS. otherwife keep them attar d.
ABL ACTA'T ION. n.j. One of the me- Sir W.
thods of grafting ; and, according to
A'BLENESS. n.f. [from abh.~\ Ability o Ratuleigb's EJJayi.
2. Into a (hip.
the fignification of the word, as it were body or mind, vigour, force.
When morning rofe, I fent my mates to bring
That nation Joth fo excel, both for comelinefs
a weaning ol a cyon by degrees from it and from neighbour countries the) Supplies of water from a ncighb'ring fpring,
ablenejs, that
mother Itock ; not cutting it off wholly Whild I the motions of the wind explo.'d j
ordinarily come, fome to drive, fome to learn
Then fummon'd in my crew, and went aboard,
from the Itock, till it is firmly unitec fome to behold. Sidmy, b. ii. Addifa: . 0-vui'i
Metamerjibojfi, ct. iii*
to that on which it is
grafted. ~
A'BLEPSV. .
/. [affxi^ia, Gr.] Want ABO'DE. n.f. [from abide,]
ASIA o^u t A'T ION. / [al/laqueatio, Lat. of fight, blindnefs; unadvifednefs. Ditf
place of refi-
.
i. Habitation, dwelling,
The art practice of opening the
or ABLICURI'TION. n.f. [atliguritio,Lat.~ dence.
ground about the roots of trees, to let Prodigal expence on meat and drink. But I know thy abcdc and thy going out, and
the air and water operate upon them. Di3. thy coming in. i King;, xix. 17.
Trench thc'ground, and make it read To A'BLIGATE. v. a. [abligo, Lat.] To Others may ufe the ocean as their road,
fpring :
Prepare alto foi!, and ufc it where you Only the Englilh make it their abide \
up from.
-
tie Difl.
have occafion Dig borders. Uncover as yet roots
: Whofe ready fails with every wind can lly,
of tiees, where To A'BLOCATE. v. a. [abloco, Lat.] To And make a cov'nant with th' incondant (ky.
tUapitatmi is requifite.
vfffn'i Kalcnder.
let out to hire. Wtlhr.
The tenure in chief is the very root that doth
Perhaps properly by him who has hirec *. Stay, continuance in a place.
maintain tliis filver ftem, that by many rich ami Sweet friends, your patience
it from another. tor my long abide ;
fruitful branches fpreadcth itfelf : fo if it be (of- Not but have
Cal-vin's Lexicon Juridicum. I, my attaiis, you wait.
rua.lc
fered to by want of ablaqueatkn, anJ
darve,
Sbakefpcare's Merchant cf Venice.
other good huibondry, this yearly fruit will much ABLOCA'TION. n. /. [from ablocate.} A Making a ihort abode in Sicily the fecond time,
decrcafe. BacaCtOtta <,j~
Al'icnarions.
letting out to hire. landing in Italy, and making the ar, ir.ay be rea-
ABLA'TION. n.f. \aOatu, Lat.] The To ABLU'DE. i>. n. \abludo, Lat.] To be fonably judged the bufmefs but often months. 1

aft of taking away. unlike. Dift. Dryden's Dedicat. to jEntui .

A'BLATIVE. The woodcocks early vifit, and abode
a. [stlativus,
Lat.] . A'u L u E N T adj. \abluens, Lat. from abluo,
.
Of long continuance in our tcmp'rate clime,
1 That which takes away.
.
towarn away.] Foretcl a liberal harvefi.
Pbl'tips.
2. The fixth cafe of the Latin nouns the 1. That which wafties clean. To make abode. To
;
3. dwell, torefide, to
cafe which, among other fignHications, 2, That which has the power of cleaning. inhabit.
includes the perfon from whom fome- Dia. Deep in a cave the Sibyl makes abode ;

thing is taken away. term of gram- A ABLU'TION. n.f. \ablutio, Lat.] Thence full of fate return;, and of the God.

Dry a s*.
1

mar. 6.
1 The aft of cleanfmg, or wafhing
. clean.
.

A'BLE. adj. [habile, Fr. babilis, Lat. There is

analogy between the ablution
a natural
To ABO'DE. 11. a. [See BODE.] To fore-
of the body and the purification of the foul ; be- token or fbreftiow ; to be a prognoilic,
fldlful,
ready.]
tween eating the holy bread and drinking the (acred to be ominous. It is taken, with its de-
1 .
Having itrong faculties, or great ftrength chalice, and a participation of the body and blood
or knowledge, riches, or any other rivatives, in the fenfe either of good or
of Chrift. Taylor's Worthy Communicant. ill.
power of mind, body, or fortune. 2. The water ufed in wafhing.
Henry VII. was not afraid of an able man, as Every man,
Wafh'd by the briny wave, the pious train After the hideous dorm that follow'd, was
LewTs the Eleventh was. But, contrariwife, he
was ferved by the ablfft men that were to be found j
Are cleans'd, and caft th' ablutions in the main. A thing infpir'd ; and, not confuking, broke
Pope's Iliad. Into a general prophecy, that this temped,
without which his affairs could not have profpercd
a? they did. Baccn's
Her.iy
VII. 3. The rinfing of chemical preparations in Dafhing the garment of this peace, a'ocdtd
The fudden breach of it. VIII.
Such gambol faculties he hath, that (hew a water, to diflblve and warn away any Xbjkrfp. Henry
weak mind and an able body, for the which the acrimenious particles.
ABO'DEMENT. n.f. [from To abode.~\ A
prince admits him. Sbakejf. Henry IV. f. \\. fecret anticipation of fomething future ;
4. The cup given, without confecration,
2. Having power fufficient ; enabled. an impreflion upon the mind of fome
to the laity in the popifti churches.
mankind acknowledge themlelves able and
All event to come ; prognostication ; omen.
fufficient to do many things, which
actually they
To A'BNEGATE. <i>. a. [from abnego, I like not this.
never do. Soutb'i Sera.
Lat.] To deny. For many men that (tumble at the thrc/hold,
Every man (hall give as he is able, according to ABNEGA'TION. Are well foretold that danger luiks within.
the Welling of the Lord ft-.y God, which he hath
n. f. \_abnegatie, Lat. de-
nial, from abnego, to deny.] Denial,
Tuih man, ^bodaneati
! mud not now affright us.
.

given thce. Deut. xvi. 17.

Henry VI. f. iii.
'

with the particle to, renunciation.

3. Before a verb, My lord biihop aikcd him, Whether he had never
The abnegation or renouncing of all his own mind >
it fignifies
generally having the power. (ecret abcdtircnt his replied the
any in: No,
holds and interefts, and trulls of all that man is
Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but duke; but I think ibrhe adventure inay kill me as
mod apt to defend upon, that he may the more man.
'
who is able la (land before envy > Priv. xxvii. 4. well as another
cxpeditely follow Chrift. Hammond.
4. With for it is not often nor very pro-
To AB'OLISH. v. a. [abcleo, Latin.]
ABNODA'TION. n.f. \abnodatio, Lat.] To annul to make void.
perly ufcd. 1. ;
Applied to
There have been fomc inventions alfo, which The aft of cutting away knots from laws or inltitutions.
have been able fur the utterance of articv'atc trees : a term of gardening. Di<3. For us to abolijb what he hath cftablifhed, were
founds, as the (peaking of cert lin v. ord. r

ABNO'RMOUS. adj. [atnormis, Lat. out prefumption molt intolerable. ^ 10. L .

Wllkim'i Mathematical Magic.

of rule.] Irregular, miihapen. Dii. On the parliament's part it was propofed, that
To A'BLE. v. a. To make able; to en- all the billions, deans, and chapters,
might be im-
ABO'ARD. adv. [a fea-term, but adopted mediately taken aw.iy, and abo/ijh;l.
able, which is the word commonly ufed.
into common language; derived im- Clarendon, b. viii.
See ENABLE.
Plate fin with gold, mediately from the French a hard, as, 2. To put an end to, to deftroy.
And the ftrong lance of judicc hurticfs breaks: aller a lord, eirvoyer a bord. Hard is The long continued wars between the Englifli
Arm and the Scots, had then raifed invincible jea-
it with
rags, a pigmy's draw doth pierce it. itfelf a word of very doubtful original,
loufies and hate, which long continued
None does offend, none, 1 fay none, 'em peace hath
I'll able 5 and perhaps, in its different accepta- fince Sir Jtbn
Take that of me, my friend. abdijbrd. Hay-ward.
tions, deducible from different roots. That (hall Peroclcs well requite, 1 wot,
SbaJteff care's King Lear. And, with thy blood, abctijh fo reproachful blot.
ABLE-BODIED, Bopb, in the ancient Saxon, fignified a
adj. Strong of body. in which fairy i^iiecn*
It lies in the boufc ; fenfe, to go aboard, is
power of every fine woman, to fc- More dedroy'd than thcv,
ture at lead half a dozen abli-btdicit men to his to take up refidence in a fhip. We
'

fliould be quite abdgb'd, and expire.

jnajcdy's fervice. Aadijin. Frabsldcr, N 4. I. In a ihip. Miltcn.
Or
 ABO ABO ABO
Or wilt thou tliyftlf Pride gees, hated, curfed, nd eliminated fc Nor will his fruit expect
Hammond Th' autumnal feafon, but, in Cummer's pride
thy creation, and unn-ake all.

For him, what for thy glory thou haft made * We are not guilty of your injuries, When other orchards fmile, abortive fail.

Milton, t. iii. /.
163 No way confent to them ; but do atlior, PKlKpi.
Nor
could Vulcanian flame Abominate, and loath this cruelty. 2.
Figuratively, that which fails for want
The flench aiolijh, or the favour tame. Southern's Oromok of time.
Dryd. Virg. Gio. iii He profefled both to abominate and defpife a How often haft thou waited at my cup,
Fermented
fpirits contric% harden,
and con- myftery, refinement, and intrigue, either in Remember it, and let it make thee creft-fall'n ;
folidate many fibres together, aboliibing ca- many prince or minifter. Swift Ay, and allay this thy abortive pride.
nals ; efpecnlly where the fibres are the tendereft ABOMJN A'TION. n.f. VI. f*
Sbakeff. Henry ii
as in the brain. Arbutb. on Aliments 1. Hatred, defoliation. 3. That which brings forth nothing.
ABO'MSH ABr.E.a^r. [from abolijh.} That To afliftking Charles by Englifli or Dutcl The void profound
which may be abolifhed. forces, would render him odious to his new fub Of uneflential night receives him next,

ABO'LISHER. a.f. [from abolijh.] He that jects, who have nothing in fo great abomination Wide-gaping ; and with utter lofs of being
as thcf: whom they hold for heretic?. Swift Threatens him, plung'd in that aiorri-vf gulf.
abolifties.
The
2. The objeft of hatred. Milton'! Paradifc Left, b, ii. /.
4JI.
AEO'LISHMENT. n.f. [from abolijh.~\ is an abomir.afion to the That which fails or mifcarries, from,
Every flicpherd Egyp 4.
aft of abolifhing. tians. Genefu, xlvi. 34 whatever caufe. This is lefs
proper.
The plain and direct way
had been to prove
Pollution, defilement.
fuch ceremonies, as they require to be
3. Many politic conceptions, fo elaborately formed
that all
And there (hall in no wife enter into it an and wrought, and grown at length ripe for delivery,
abolilhed, are retained by us with the hurt of the
tiling that defileth, neither whatsoever worker! do yet, in the iflue, mifcarry and prove abortive.
church, or with lefs benefit than the abolifimer.t Rrv. xxi. 27
ab'jminatkn, or maketh a lie. Souths Sermons*
of them would bring. Hootir, b. iv.
Wickednefs hateful or fhameful vice. ABO'RTIVELY. adv. [from abortive.'} Born
He (hould think the abol'fimcnt of epifcopacy 4. ;

Th' adulterous Antony, nieft large without the due time; immaturely, un-
among us, would prove a mighty fcandal and cor In his abominations , turns you orT,
ruption to our faith, and manifcQly dangerous
to
And gives his potent regiment to a trull,
timely.
our monarchy. Swift's Church of England Man. ABO'RTIVENESS. n. f.
That nofcs it againtr. us. [from aitrtive^
ABOLI'TION. n.f. [from eiLoUjb.']
The aft
The Hate of abortion.
Sbahfp. Antony and Cleopatra
of abolifhing. '1 his is now more fre-
j. The caufe of pollution. ABO'RTMENT. n. f. [from abort.'] The
quently ufed than abolijhment. And the high places that were before Jerufa-
thing brought forth out of time ; an un-
From the total abolition of the popular power, 1cm, which were on the right hand of the mouni
may be dated the ruin of Rome for h;-d the re- :
of corruption, which Solomon the king of Ifrae timely birth.
Concealed treafures, now loft to mankind, (hall
ducing hereof to its ancient condition, propofed had buildeJ for Aflitoreth the abomination of tht
be brought into ufe by the induftry of converted
by Agrippa, been accepted inftead of Maecenas's Zidonians, and for Chemofh the abomination of
model, that ftate might have continued unto this the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination ot penitents, whofe wretched carcafes the impartial
Grtxu's Cojmdogia Sticra, b. iii. c. 4.
laws dedicate, as untimely feafts, to the worms
day. the children of Ammon, did the king defile.
An apoplexy is a fudden abolition of all the of the earth, in whofe womb thofe defcrted mi-
2 Kit<Fi, xxiii.
neral riches muft ever lie buried as loft abortmen'Sy
fenfes, and of all voluntary motion, by the ftop- JBORI'GINES. n.f. [Lat.] The earlieft unlefs thofe be made the active midwives to de-
page of the flux and reflux or the anima! fpirits inhabitants of a country ; thofe of whom liver them. Bacon's Pbyjical Remains,.
through the nerves declined for thofe motions.
Aibutlnot on Dif'. no original is to be traced; as, the Wellh ABO'VE. prep, [from , and bupan,
ABO'MIN ABLE. aJj. \alominabilii, Lat.]
in Britain. Saxon ; bo<ven, Dutch.]
1. Hateful, deteltable ; to be loathed. To ABO'RT. v. n. [abcrto,Lzt.'] To bring 1. To a higher place ; in a higher place.
This infernal pit fa th before the time ; to mifcarry. Did. So when with crackling flames a cauUron fries,
Abominable, accurs'd, the houl'e of woe. ABO'RTION. n.f. [ator/io, Lat.] The bubbling waters from the bottom rife;
Above the brims they force their fiery way
1. The aft of bringing forth untimely.
;

The
queen and miniftry might eafily redrefj Black vapours climb aloft, and cloud the day,
Thcie then need caufe no abortion. Sandys
this abominable grievance, by endeavouring ti> Dryderty jQLnfid vii. /. 643*
choofc men ot virtuou; principles. 2. The produce of an untimely birth. 2. More in quantity or number.
tic Advancement of Religion. His wife mifcarricd j but, as the abortion proved
Swift's Pry tf) for Every one that paffeth among them, that are-
2. Unclean. only a female fcetus, he comforted himfclf. numbered from twenty years old and above, ihall
Arbuthnot ar.d Pope's Martinus Scriblervs.
The foul that
(hall touch any unclean beaft, or give aq off.ring unto the Ix>rd.
Behold my arm thus blaftcd, dry and withcr'd,
any abominable unclean thing, even that foul lhall be Exodus, xxx. 14.
cut off from his people.
Sh'unk like a foul alortun, and decay'd,
Leviticus, vii. 2 i. 3. In a fuperiour degree, or to a fuperiour
Like fome untimely product of the feafons.
In low and ludicrous language, it is
3. Rmve. degree of rank, power, or excellence.
a word of loofe and indeterminate cen- ABO'RTIVK. That which is born be- The Lord is high above all nations, and his
n.f.
fure. fore the due time. glory above the heavens. Pfalm. cxiii. 4.
I am
Perhaps anciently The public power of all focieties is above every
They fay you are a melancholy fellow.
fo do love it better than laughing. Thnfe
I any thing irregularly produced. foul contained in the fame focieties.
;
i^ : are in of
No c mmon wind, no cultomcd event, //"^(r, b. i.
extremity either, are abominable
But they wi lipluck away its nat'ral caufes, There is no
riches above a found body, and no
-.s, and betray tbemfelves to every modern
worfe than drunkards.
And call them meteors, prodigies, and ligns, joy above the joy of the heart.
ccnfure,
As you like it. Abortives^ and prcfages, tongues or heav'n, Eccltjiajiicus, xxx. n6*
Sbakefpeare's
ABO'MINABLENESS. n.f. [from alomin- Plainly denouncing vengeance upon John. To her'
Sbakeip. King Join. Thou didft refign thy manhood, and the place
atle.~\ The quality
of being abomin- T T
ce the fine /kin of an abortive, and, with Wherein God fet thee ab'.ve her, made of thee,
able
; hatefulnefs, odioufnefs. ftarch thin laid on, prepare ynur ground or tablet. And for thee whole perfection far cxceU'd
:

Till we hav: proved, in its proper place, the Peacbam on Drawing. Hers, in all real dignity.
eternal and effential difference between virtue and Many are preferved, and do lignal fervicc to Mi/ion't ParaJife Loft, b. X. /.
147.
vUe, we muft forbear to urge athcifts with the their c nintry, who, without a provifion, might Latona her thine above the reft,
fees

corruption and abominablinefi of their prin-

*uimcd as abcrtit-fs, or hn-e come to an And feeds with fecret joy her filent breaft.
Bentley's Sermons. untimely end, and perhaps have brought upon Drydcns sErttiJ.
ABO'MIN ABLY. adv. [from abominable.]
their guilty parents the like destruction.
In a ftate of being faperior to ; unat-
A word of low or familiar language, AJdifon. Guardian, N 106.
[.

tainable by.
TIVK- adj. [abortiviu, Lat.] an old and true dift'nction, that things
fignifying exceflively, extremely, ex-
It is
i. That which ii brought forth before the may be above our re.tfon, without being contrary
ceedingly ; in an ill fenfe. It is not
to it. Of this kind are the power, the nature,
often ferioufly ufed. due time of birth.
he have child, abortive be it,
,-
and the univerfal pretence of God, wich innu-
I have ui.i'crved great abufea and diforders in
.

merable other points. Swift-

your family ; your fervantJ are mutinous and Prodigious, and untimely brought to light.
cjuarrelfomc, and cheat you moft abu:., ;. R.,-harJ\\\. .
Beyond ; more than.
Arlutlnot.
All th' unaccompliOi'd works of nature's hand, We were pr-fl'ed out of meafure, above ftrength )
Ali-,rtmt, monftroui, or unkin.lly mix'd, infomuch that we defpaired even of life.
To ABO'MINATE. -v. a. [abominor, Lat.] Dillo.v'd on earth, fleet hither. 2 Cor. i. 8.
To abhor, deteft, hate utterly Miltan
'

i
Paradifc Lojl,t,\\i, 56. In having thoughts unconfufed, and being sb'/r
 ABO ABO ABO
erTufion of wine
*o d'flinguim one thing from another, where there To ABO'UND. i. n. \abunde, Lat. alonder, ; to fignify to ui the nature and
exaflnefs of faueunefs of the liturgy we are about.
leaft difierencc, confifts the
'1
is but the French.]
which ii in one Labour, for labour's fake, is aga'mft nature.
judgment nd clearncfs of rcafon, 1. To have in great plenty be co-
; to The
man abo-.'c another. Locke. understanding, as well as all the other fa-
pioufly ftored. It is fometimes
ufed culties, choolcs always the fliorteft way to in
The inhabitants of Tirol have many privileges
countries of with the particle in, and fometimes the end, would prefently obtain the knowledge it is
ekove thofe of the other hereditary
about, and then fet upon Come new enquiry. But
the emperor. MJifan. particle with. this, whether laziacfs or hafte, often mifleadt
6. Too proud too high for.
for ; phrafe A The king-becoming graces,
1 have no relifli of them, but abound Lockt.
chiefly ufed in familiar expreflion. Our armies ought to be provided with fccre-
of the In the divifion of each feveral crime,
King's and princes, in the earlier ages taries, to tell their ftory in plain Englifti, and to
and were Acting it many ways. Sbakefpearc's Macbeth,
world, laboured in arts and occupations, let us know, in our mother what it is
tongue,
tlxrvc nothin; that tended to promote the con-
Corn, wine, and oil, arc wanting to this ground, our brave countrymen are at
KSUS. In which our countries fruitfully abound,
Mdifon. Sfeff. N 309.
veniences of life. Pipe's OJy/y;
Dryden's Indian Emperor.
AEO'VE. ad-v. A man
abound io'ab bleflings : to the perfon; as cloaths.
faithful fliall 5. Appendant
I. Over-head ; in a higher place. but he that makcth hade to be rich, fliall not be If you have this about
jou,
To men (landing below, men (landing aloft
innocint. Prov, xxviii. 20. As I will give you when we go, you may
fcem much leflcnr d ; to thofe abirve, men (landing Now that languages are made, and abound ivith Boldly afiault the necromancer's hall.
kelow, feem not fo much lefiened. Bacon. words Handing for combinations, an ufual way of M'.lton's Comut.
When he crbblifhed the clouds above when
getting complex ideas, is by the explication of
; It is not
ftrange to me, that perfons of the
he (lengthened the fountains of the deep ;
when thofe terms that Hand for them. Loch. fairer fex mould like, in all
things about them,
he gave to the fea his decree, that the waters fliould that handfomenefs for which they
not pafs his cemmandment; when he appointed
2. To be in great plenty.
moft liked.
find themfclves

And becaufe iniquity fliall abound, the love of Boyle on Colours.

the foundations of the earth ; then 1 was by him, 6. Relating to the
a, one brought up with him; and I was dally hii many fliall wax cold. Matthew, xxiv. n. perfon, as a fervant, or
Words re like' leaves, and where they moft dependant.
before him.
delight, rejoicing always
Proverbs, viii. 18. abound, Liking very well the young gentleman, fuch I
Much fruit of fenfe beneath is
rarely found. took him to be, admitted this
Deiphantus about
Every good gift, and every perfect .gift, is from
Father of tin me, who well (hewed, there is no fervice like hi*
above, and comrth down from the
Pope's EJ/ay Crilicifm.

lights, with whom is

no variablenefs, neither ABO'UT. prep, [aburan, or aburon, Sax.
that ferves becaufe he loves.
Sidney, b. ii.
fliadow of turning. James, i. 17. which feems to fignify encircling on the 7. Relating to perfon, as an aft or office.
The Trojansyi-ow abwi their foes beheld ;
outfide. ]
Good co;poral, for my old dame's fake, (land
And with arm'd legions all the rampircs fill'd. 1. Round, furrounding,
my friend : (he hath no body to do any thing
encircling. abeut her when am gone, and flie is old and can-
Dry den, Mncid. Let not mercy and truth forfake thee. Bind
I

Sbakcff tare's Henry IV.

herfelf.
x. In the regions of heaven. them about thy neck; write them upon the table not^help
Your praile the
birds (hall chant in every grove,
of thy heart.
ABO'UT. adv.
Proverbs, iii. 3.
And winds Aall waft it to the pow'rs above. She cries, and tears her checks, 1. Circularly, in a round ; circtim.
Pofe's Pafti/rals. Her hair, her veft ; and, (looping to the fands, The wey.vard filter,, li.ir.d in hand,
Pofters of the fea and land,
3. Before. [See ABOVE-CITED.] dbout his neck flie caft her trembling hands.
I faid above, that thefe two machines of the ba- Dryden's. Fables.
Thus do go about, about,
lance, and the dira, were only ornamental, and Near to. Thrice to thine, and thrice to mine,
2.
that the /uccel's of the duel had been the fame And thrice again to make up nine.
Speak unto the congregation, faying, get you
\vithout them. Dryd. Dedlcat. /Eneid. up from about the tabernacle of Korah, Da than, Sbakeff. Macietb,
ABOVE ALL. In the firft
place
chiefly.; and Abiram. Exodus. 2. In circuit, in compafs.
I ftudied Virgil's defign, his difpofition of it, Thou doft nothing, Sergius, I'll tell
you what I am about. "Two yards anj
his manners, his judicious management of the Thou canft endeavour nothing, nay, not think ;
more Noquips now, Piftol : indeed I am in
ii .ures, the fober retrenchments of his fenfe, which But 1 both fee and hear it ; and with thee, am the v.-.iiir. two
yards about ; but I am about n
always leaves fomething to gratify our imagina- By and before, about and in thee too. waftc, I am about thrift.
Sbakeffeari.
tion, on which it may enlarge at pleafure ; but Ben Jonf. Cataline. Atun about was ev'ry pillar there,
above all, the elegance of his expreflion, and the
Concerning, with regard to, relat- A polifli'd mirrour flione not half fo clear.
harmony of his numbers. Dryd. Fables.
Mneid. ing to.
Dryden's Dedication to the
WhenConftantine had finished an houfe for 3. Nearly arctftr. ;

ABOVE-BOARD. the fervice of God at Jerufalem, the dedication When the boats were come within about fixty
1. In open fight ; without artifice or trick, he judged a matter not unworthy, about the fo- yards of the pillar, they found thcmfelvcs all
A figurative expreffion, borrowed from lemn performance whereof, the greatcft part of bound, and could go no farther; yet fo as they
when they put their the bifliops in Chriftendom fliould meet together. might move to go about, but might not approach
gamelters, who, Hooter* nearer. New sttalantis.
Bacon's
hands under the table, are changing The painter is not to take fo much pains about 4. Here and there ; every way circa. ;
their cards. It is ufed only in familiar the drapery as about the face where the principal
Up rofe the gentle virgin from her place,
language. refemblance lies.
Dryden. And looked all about, if flie might fpy
It is the part alfo of an honeft man to deal They are moft frequently ufed as words equi- Her lovely knight.
above-board, and without tricks. L'Ejirange. valent, and do both of diem indifferently fignify
Fairy S^uecn, b. \. cant. ii.
ftatix. 33.
2. Without difguife or concealment.
either a fpeculative knowledge of things, or a A
wolf that was pall labour, in his old
age,
practical about them, according to the exi-
(kill borrows a habit, and fo about he goes,
Though there have not been wanting fuch begcing
gency ot the matter or thing fpoken of. charity from door to door, under the difguife of a
heretofore, as have practifed thefe unworthy arts,
77//:r. Sermon i.
for as much as there have been villains in all pilgrim. L'Eflrange,
Theft always a fin, although the particular
is
places and all ages, yet now-a-days they are 5.
With before a verb ; as, about
to
ov.-ned above-board. Soutb's Sermons. fpecies of it, and the denomination of particular lofy,
acts, doth fuppofe pofitive laws about dominion and upon the point, within a fmall dirtance
ABOVE-CITED. Cited before. A figu- of.
property. Stillinffett.
rative expreffion, taken from the ancient Children always be heard, and fairl) anc
fliould Thefe dying lovers, and their
floating fons,
manner of writing books on fcrolls ; kindly anfwcred, when they aflc after any thing they Sufpcnd the fight, and filence all our guns :
where whatever is' cited or mentioned would know, and defire to be informed abeut. Beauty and ynuth, abaut to perifh, finds
Curiofity fliould be as carefully cheiiflied in chil- Such m b!e pity in br-r.e Eiii;!;ih minds. Waller,
before in the fame page, mult be abonje.
It appears from the authority above-cited, that
dren, as other appetites fupprefled. Lzckf. 6. Round ; the longed: way, in oppoiition
It hath been practifed as a method of making
this is a iiSt confelTcd by heathens themfelves. to the fhort rtraight
men's court, when they are afked al:ut the rate way.
on the C.ild had thcfe natuic.-,
Add-on Cbriftian Religion, of lands, the abilities of tenants, the flatc of ; g;e.itnefs of weight;
clofcnefs of parts ; fixation
ABOVP.-CROUKD. An expreflion ufed to trade, to anfwer that all things arc in a flourish- j pliantnefs, or foft-
unmurity from rjft ; colour, or tincture
fignify alive ; not in the grave. ing condition. Swift's Short View of Inland. of yellow: Therefore the fure
In a Hate of being engaged in, or em- way (though moil
ABOVE-M E NT ION ED. See ABOVE CITED. (..
about) to make gold^ to know the caulcs of the
I do not remember, that Homer any where falls ployed upon. level al natures before rehe.ii fed.
into the faults above-mentioned, which were indeed Our blelied l.nrd was pleafed to command the Bacon's Natural N
HJi. 318.
the Ub~c refinements of latter ages. rcprefentation of his death and fncrifice on the Spies (it the Voifi-ians
Sfel}ator,ti" 175. crols fliould be made by breaking of bicad and Held me in chate, that 1 was forced to wheel
Three
 A B R A B R A B R
Three or font miles about elfe hJ
Hail an hour fince brought
; I, Sir, which fenfe it
followed by the particle
is And fubjefls none abroad. Sbalcffeare'i TtmftJI.
my report.
walked a whole hour abroad, with.
SbakeCp. Coriolanui.
from, or of, preceding the thing taken Lady
out dying after it
7. To bring about ; to bring to the away. Pofc'i Letten.
point 3. In another
or ftate defired I have difaMed mine country.
; as, be has brought about eftate,
By flu-wing fomething a more fwelling poit, They thought it better to be fomewh.it hardly
bis purpofts.
Than my faint means would grant continuance yoked at home, than for ever abroad, and difcre-
Whether this will be brought aicsr, by breaking Nor do I now make moan to be ;
dited.
Hooker, frcf.
his head, I
very much queftion. Sftflator. from fuch
abrulg'd
a noble rate. Whofoever offers at verbal Ihjil
tran/larion,
8. To come about to cume to fome certain have the misfortune of that
;
Statejptare'i Merchant of Venice. young traveller, who
ftate or It has They were formerly, by the common loft his own
language abroad, md brought home
point. commonly the law, dif-
no other inftead of it.
idea of revolution, or charged from pontage and murage ; but this pri- Sir J. Deitbam-
gyration. What learn our youth abroad, but to refine
Wherefore it came to pals, when the time was vile^e has been them fince by feieral
abridged The homely vices of their native land ?
come about, after Hannah had conceived, that (he ftatutes.
Ml/is Porrrgr.n Juris C.mcnici
"e a fon. iSam.i.zo.
ABRI DCED or. fart. Deprived of, de- Dryd. Span. Friar.
One evening He who fojourns in a foreign country, refen
it befel, that looking out, barred from, cut fliort, what he
The wind they fees and hears abroad, to the ftate of
long had wifli'd was come about ; ABRI'DGER.
Well n.f. things at home. Attcrb. Serm.
pleas'd they went to reft and
; if the gale
1. He that a fhortener. 4. In all
_

Till morn continued, both refolv'd to fail. abridges ; directions, this way and that ;

Drfd. Fables.
2. A writer of
compendium* or abridg- with wide expanfion.
9. To go about ; to prepare to do it. ments. Full in the midft of this infernal
road,
Did not Moles give yon the law, and ABRIDGMENT, n.f. [abrcgcmtnt, An elm difpljys her dufliy arms abroad.
yet none French.]
of you keepeth the law ?
Why go ye about to kill 1. The epitome of a larger work con- Dryd. firg. Jn. ri.

John, vii. 19. tracted into a fmal] S- Without, not within.

In common to
compafs ; a com- Bodies politic, being fubjeft, as much as na-
language, they lay, pend ; a fummary. to dillolution,
tome about a man, to circumvent him. tural, by divers means, there are
Surely this commandment contained! the law undoubtedly more Hates overthrown through ctif-
Some of thefe phrafes feem to derive and the prophets; and, in this one the wies- bred within themfelves, than
word, ii
through vio-
their original from the French a bout abridgment of all volumes or" Icriptuie. lence from abroad.
; Hooker, Dedication.
verrir a bout d'une
; <ve*ir a bout de
chafe Heater, b. ii. ToA'BROGATE.v.a. } ._
5.
Idolatry is certainly the firft-bcrn of folly, the l _...4 .,
quelqu'ua. take away from a law its force ; to re-
great and leading paradox ; nay, the
A. Bp. for
Archbimop which fee. ment and fum total of all abfu.ditics.
very abridg-
;
peal; to annul.
JBRACADA'BRA. A fuperftitious charm .
Soutb's Sernicm. Laws have been made upon fpecial occafions,
againft agues. 2. A diminution in general. which octiiions cealing, laws of that kind do ab-
To ABRA'DE. [abrado, Lat.] To
<v. a. All trying,
by a love of littlencfs, rogatt themfelves. Hooter, b. iv. 14.
rub off ; to wear To make abridgments, and to draw to lefs,
The negative precepts of men may ccafc
by
away from the other Even that nothing, which at firft we were. many inftrumcnts, by contrary cuftoms, by pub-
parts to wafte by
;
degrees. DC- tint.
lic difrelim, by long omiflion : but the negative
By thii mrans there may be a continued fup- Contraction precepts of God never can ccafe, but when they
of what is lucccffivcly tbraded from them 3. ; reduction.
ply are exprefily
by The
conftant delire of abrogated by the fame authority.
decurfion of wate.. Hale. happinefj, and the con-
ftramt it puts
upon Us, no body, I think, ac- Taylor', Rule of living boly.
ABRAHAM'S BAI.M. The name of an counts an ABRO'CATION. n.f. [abrogatio, Lat.]
abridgment of lib.-rTy, or at L-aft an
herb. The acl of abrogating ; the repeal of a
abridgment of liberty to be complained of. Lorke
ABRA'SION. n.f. [See ABRADE.] 4. Reftraint from law.
any thing pleafing ;

1. The
of abrading, or
aft contraction of any The commifiioners from the confederate Ro-
rubbing off". thing enjoyed.
2. [In The wearing away of It is not man catholics, demanded the
medicine.] barely a man's abridgment in his ex- abrogation and repeal
ternal accommodations which makes him or all thofe Iaw4, which were in force Jgainft the
the natural mucus, which covers the mife-
rable, but when
his confcience (hall tell him that exercife of the Roman b. viii.
membranes, particularly thofe of the religion. Clartndm,
it was his fin and
hit folly which brought him To ABRO'OK. v.
ftomach and guts, by corrofive or under that
a. [from To brook, with
(harp abridgment. South.
medicines, or humours. ABROACH, ,< fuperabundant, a word not in ufe.J
^uincy. adv. [See To To
BROACH.] brook, to bear, to endure.
3. The matter worn off by the attrition of 1. In a pofture to run out, or
yield the Sweet Nell, ill can thy noble minJ abrotk
bodies.
liquor contained ; properly fpoken of The abjcd people gazing on thy face
ABRE'AST. adv. [See With envious looks, ftill
BREAST.] Side by-
vefiels. laughing at thy m.ime.
fide in fuch a pofition that the breads The jars
;
ofgen'rous wine Shakefftare', Henry VI. p. if.
may bear againft the fame line. He fet abroach, and for the fcaft prepar'd. ABRU'PT. adj. \abruftus, Lat. broke*
My coufin Suffolk,
The Templer Dry4. Virgil. oft".]
My foul (hall thine
keep company to heav'n :
fpruce, while ev'ry Ipout'sabroact,
1. Broken, craggy.
till 'tis
Tarry, fwect foul, for mine, then fly Stays fair, jet feems to call a coach.
abreaft. down
Refiftlels, roaring, dreadful, it comes
For honour travels in a
Sbakefp. Htnry V. 2. In a figurative fenfe ; in a ftate to be
Siaifi'i Mifctl.
From the rude mountain, and the
ftreight fo motfy wild,
narrow, Tumbling through rocks abruft.
Where one but Qx^abieaft, diffufed or extended, in a ftate of Thomf. Witter.
fuch 2.
Stakeff. Troilu, and CreJJida.
Divided, without any thing intervening.
The
nders rode abreaft, and one his beginning as promifes a progrefs. Or fpread his airy (tight,
(hield, That man, that fits within a monarch's
His lance of cornel wood another heli heart, Upborn with indefatigable wings,
And ripens in the funfhine of his favour, Over the vaft abrupt, ere he arrive
,, Dryden't Fablii. Would he abufr the count'nance of the
The happy
ft BRICOT. See APRICOT. Alack what mifchicfs
!
king, ifle.

might be let abroach, Milton', Paredift

To VWl'DGE. In (hadow of fuch Ly?, b* ii. /.
4091
v. a. \abreger, Fr. abbre- greatnefs !

3. Sudden, without the cuftomary or pro-

vto, Lat.] , ytaieffrare'i HenrylV. f.'ii.

1. To make fhorter in words,

ABROAD, adv. [compounded of a and per preparatives.
the fame fubftance.
keeping broad. See BROAD.] My
lady craves
ftill To know the caufeof your
abrupt departure.
All thefe
fayings, being declared by Jafon of
I. Without confinement; widely; at
large. Sbake/peare.
Cyrene in five books, we will eflay to abridfi in Intermit no watch The abrupt and unkind breaking off the two
one volume. Mjcc.i* 23. z
Agjinft a wakeful foe, while I abroad, firft
parliaments, was wholly imputed to the duke
I o contradl, to
Thro' all the coafts of dark deftruclion feck of Buckingham.
3. Clarendon*
diminim, to cut fhort. Deliverance. Milton's Parad'ift Loft, b.
The determination of the ii.
1.463. Abruft, with eagle-fpeed (he cut tho flcy j
will, upon enquiry,
Again, the lonely fox roams fa abroad, Inftant invifible to mortal
is
following the direction of that guide and he, On Itcret rapine bent, and eye.
that ha a power to a or not to
;
midnight fraud; Then firft he recogniz'd th' ethereal gueft.
aft, according Now haunts the cliff, now traverfrs the
lawn,
determination direfls,
i
U free . Such de Pope', OJy/. b. \.
And flies the hated
neighbourhood of man. Prior.
termination abridge, not that
power wherein li- 4. Unconnected.
berty confifts.
2. Out of the houfe. The abruft ftilc, which hath many breaches,
Locke
3. To deprive of; to cut off from. In Welcome, Sir, and doth not fce<n to end but fall.
This cell'i mycoyrt here hv 1 few attendants, Bin Jonfon't
VOL. I. ;
Dijecverf.
C ABRV'PTEB.
 A B S A B S A B S

a word The of being Then w the firft ftatute made sgj'nft / ."
AB*U'PTED. adj. [alruftui, Lat.
. ftate .ibfent, oppafed to all fuch as had land in Ireland, to
commanding
!c in life.] Broken off fuddenly. prefence. return nd refide thereupon.
The effefts of their not precipi- afli .
ity are Sir, 'tis fit
5:r ytn /-'. ! MM*
to their You hive ftrong partydefend yiurfelf
to
A efljtei io Ireland arc ownei by
toufly atritfttd, but gradually proceed grot part of
Brtwu's Vttgtr Frrmirs, b. vi. io. By calmnels, or by aifence: all's in danger. as draw ovir the pruriu
ccrTi-.ions.
abfaaen, and fuch
:

Sbak.'Jpeare's Coriolanus.
ABRu'pTiON.n.y.'fa^V/yo.Lat.] Break- His friends beheld, and pity'd him in vain,
out of Ireland, refunding notlung.
Ci ..,i'i Difiatrft onT:, .

ing off, violent and fudden feparation. For what advice can cafe a lover's pain ?
Thofe which are inclofed in (tone, marble, or could find, ABSI'NTHI ATED. part, [from ubfintbinm.*
Abjtnce, the beft expedient they
fuch other folid matter, being difficultly feparable Lat. wormwood.] Imlmtered, impreg-
Might lave the fortune, if not cure the mind.
from it, becaufe of its adhefion to all fides of nated with wormwood. Did.
Dryd. Fat.
thi-m, bae commonly fume of that matter liil!
mt-
You havegiven no diflertation upon the ab- fo ABSI'ST. -u. n. [at/iJiti.Lzt.] To Kami
adhering to them, or at leaft marks of its Jenft of lovers, nor laid down any methods
how &>&
from them, .-n all thtir fides. ofF, to leave ofT.
they ihould fupport thccofelves under thofe fcpa-
,:

H'odvxird's Nat. Hijl. f. 4- rations. sLtdifon, Sfeflater, N24i. Tt ABSO'LVE. i'. a. Lat.]
[abfol--uo,
ABRU'PTLY. adv. [See ABRUPT.] Haf- 2. Want of appearance, in the legal fenfe. 1. To clear, to acquit of a crime in a ju-
tily, without the due forms of prepara- Absence is of a fourfold kind or fpccies. The dicial fenfe.
a neceflary abfenct, as in baniihcd pc:fons ; of holy pity,
Your great goodnefs, out
firft is
tion.
The fweetnefs of virtue's difpofition, jealous this is entirely neceflary. fcr.ond, necefljry A Jkfolv'd him with an axe. Kkakrfp. Htnry VIII.
even over itfelf, fufFered her not to enter abruptly and voluntary j as, upon the account of the com- Our victors, bleftin peace, forget their wars,
into queftions of Mufidorus. Sidney, b. ii. monwealth, or in the fervice of the church. Enjoy pad dangers, and a'.Jolvc
the ftrs. TitluH.
Now mifling from their joy fo lately found, The third kind the civilians call a probable ab- As he hopes, and gives out, by the influence of
So lately found, and fo abruptly gone. fenct; as, that of ftudents on the fcore of ftudy. his wealth, to be here alfflvid in condemning ',

Par. Regained, b. ii. And the fourth, an abfenct entirely voluntary ; as, tliis man, you have ail
opportunity of belying
both of them punctually obfervcd the on the account of trade, merchandife, and the that general fcandal, of redeeming the credit iotr.
They
time thus agreed upon, and that in whatever com- like. Some add a fifth kind of atfence, which is
by former judgments. Sti'jft'i Mifall.ia'ui.

pany or bufinefs they were engaged, they

left it committed cum dolo &
culpa, by a man's non- 2. To fet free from an engagement or
abruptly, as foon as the clock warned them to appearance on a citation ; as, in a contumacious
retire. Addijtui, Spectator,
N 241 perfon, who, in hatred to his contumacy, is, by promife.
to take that bloody oath.
the law, in fome refpe&s, reputed as a perfon pre- Compell'd by threats
ABRU'PTNSSS. ./. [from abrupt.] And the aft ill,
I am abjolv'd by both.
Junl Canomci.
"
fent. Ayl'tffc's Parcrgcn
An Wallers Maid's Tragtdf,
1. abrupt manner, halle, fuddennefs, 3. Inattention, heedleflhefs, negleft of
the com-
This command, which muft neceflarily
untimely vehemence. prefent objeft. of our natural fathers, muft
prehend the perfons
2. The ftate of an abrupt or broken thing ; I continued my walk, reflecting on the little
mean a duty we owe them, diftinft from our obe-
as of a fragment and diftracTions of mankind. dience to the magiftrate, and from which the
roughnefs, cragginefs ; abfencet

violently disjoined. Addiftn, SftEiator, N 77 mill abfolute power of princes cannot atfolvi
The found in the perpendi-
cryftallized bodies 4. It is ufed with the particle/roM. us. *<

cular interval;, have always their root, as the jew- His abfenct from his mother oft he'll mourn,
3. To pronounce fin remitted, in the ec-
rllert call it, which, is only the abrupttuf:, at the And, with his eyes, look withes to return. clefiaftical fenfe.
end of the body whereby it adhered to the ftonr, Dryd. Jav. Sat. ii
But all is calm in this eternal deep ;
or fides of the intervals; which abruptness is A'BSENT. a<ij. [at/ens, Lat.] Here grief forgets to groan, and love to weep ;
eauled by its being broke off from the faid ftone. 1. Not ufed with the Ev'n 1'upcrftition lofes ev'ry fear;
Woidio. Nat. Hlfl.f.Ar prefent: particle
For God, not man, abftlves our frailties here.
from .

Lat.] Amor-
to AM*ri,
A'BSCESS. ./ [abfceffus, In fpring the fields, in autumn hills I love j
j
E.Vifa
bid cavity in the body ; a tumour filled At morn the plains, at noon the fliady grove j 4. To finifh, to complete. This ufe is
with matter ; a term of ehirurgery. But Delia always : abfentfrom her fight, not common.
If the patient is not relieved, nor dies in eigh Nor plains at morn, nor groves at noon delight. caufe

days, the inflammation ends ill a fuppuration

anc Psf is Pajl Mov'd the Creator, in his holy reft
an in the lungs, and fometimes in fome Where there is advantage to be given, Through al! eternity, fo late to build
abfeefs
other part of the body. Arlutb. of Diet. Both more and lefs have given him the revolt} In chaos and the work begun, how foon
;

Lindanus conjefturcd it might Be fome hidden And none ferve with him but conftraincJ things, Abjdvd. Milton i Paradife Lull, b. vii. I. 94.
fome Whofe hearts are abjem too. Sinkeff, Macbeth. If that which is fo fuppot'ed infinitely d'uUnt
abftefi in the mefentery, which, breaking
few days after, was discovered to be an apoftem o Whether they were abj'tnt
or jirclenc, they were from what is now current, is defiant from us by
vexed alike. tf^fd. xi.
1 1. a finite interval, and not infinitely, then that onp
the mefentery. Har-vy on Confumfriiont
To ABSCI'ND. f. a. To cut either 2. Abfent in mind, inattentive ; regard- circulation which preceded it, muft neceflfarily be
off,
like ours, ;md confequently ahi.'vJ in the fpnc*
in a natural or figurative fenfe. lefs of the prefent objeft.
Halt's Origin if MaaiinJ.
JBSCfSSA. Part of the diame-
I diftinguilh a mm that is
abjcr.t,
becaufe he of twenty-four hours.
[Lat.] thinks of (omething elfe, from him that is
abjevt, A'BSOLUTE. adj. [abfolutus, Lat.]
ter of a conic fecYton, intercepted be- becaufe he thinks of nothing. as well to perfons
1. Complete; applied
tween the vertex and a femi-ordinate. jidiliftm, Sftflator,
N 77.
as things.
ABSCI'SSION. n. f, [atfcijfio, Lat.] To ABSE'NT. <v. a. To withdraw, to for- Becaule the things that proceed from him are
1. The aft of cutting off. bear to come into prefence. perfect, without any maum-r f u-.vft or maun ; ;

Fabricius ab AquipenJente renders the abfci! If thou dijft ever hold me in thy heart, it cannot be but that the wi.rds of his rn ,

fan of them difficult enough, and not witiiou Abfcnt thee from felicity awhile, v, aid bck nothing whit have,
danger. Woman's Surgery
And in this harth world draw thy breath ii puin, for performance of that thing whereunM t'.ty

2. The ftate of being cut off. To tell my tale. Sbakeff care's Hamlet tend. H-'jkir, b. ii. ^ 6.

cefTation of jraclcv, with Montacutius, w Go for thy (lay, not free, abfents thee more. What is his ftrength by land ?
By Miltuni faradtfe Loft, b.\t. I. 372 but by fea
underlland this .ntc.cifion, not atfi iflitai, o Great and increafing :

may Tho' am
confumirute defoUtion.
I forc'd thus to abfent myfelf He is an alf'Jute matter.
Brmun b. vi. c. T2 From all I love, I ihall contrive fome means, Sbattfftare's Ar.'.ir.<t ar,AC'.c;pi>!ra.
'i
Vulgar Errours,
Some friendly intervals, to vifit thee. 2. Unconditional; as, inabfolutt promife;
To ABSCOND, v.n. [alfcondo, Lat.] To Southern's Sfartan Dame runs in ii is
Although it :
'f, yet
hide one's felf ; to retire from the pub The Arengo is ftill called together in cafes o indeed conditional, as defending upon the qualifi-
lieview generally nfed of perfons
: ii important; and if, after due fummons, an; cation or" tiie perfon to v.hom it is pronou
member abfenis himfelf, he is to be fined
to the
debt, or criminals eluding the law.
.

'
value of ab'.mt a penny Englim.
'Ihsmarniottco. n..
./-fc/uils t: 3. Not relative ; as, al-.blutc fpace.
Addifon's Remarks on Italy
*' t -. . -.
t Its Tor i.i autumn, whe I fee ftill the diftinft iJ in-
it fhutt itfslf up in its hole, it is very it:; b>i
ABSENT A'NEOUS. aJj. Relating to ab- ferior, of .' :ip,
will bear ;

when comc fence abfent. Dicl

in the fpring-time, it forth agaiii, ver ; any man out in the wo.-ihip of any cteatu;
Iran. Ray on tit Creation AUSENTK'E. n.f. He that is abfent from refpeft to God, as well at Ica't .14 it doth
in the

ABSCO'NDER. a./, [f/om abjcand.} Th his itation or employment, or country worihip of images.
A SlUI'ingf. Dtf. of Dif:.
m R:>-
perfon that abfconds. word ufed commonly with regard to
An mode is that W T

abfo.'ute
A'BSENC*. n.f. [Sec ABSENT.] Irifhmen living out of their country.
fubjett, without ;.

I
 A B S A B S A B 9
ftever; but a relative mode is derived from the I I. Acquittal. thought?, he can, from all the prcftnt
as far as
!>__ __!___ __P 1_
'

d that one being has to others.

Abjnlat'un, in the civil law, imports a full ac- wjrld, its cuftoms and its manners, to be fidly
ffotf.'s Logicl.
quittal of a perfon by fome final fentence of law ; pofolTed and akjorft in the part. Pope's Letters.
In this fenfe we fpeak of the ablative alfo, a temporary difcharge of his farther atten- ABSO'RPTION. n.J. [from abjcjrb.~\ The
cafe alijoiute in dance upon a mefne procefs. though a failure or aft of fwallowing up.
grammar, defect in pleading ; as it does likewife in the canon
Not limited as, abfoluts power. It-was belowthe dignity of thofc facred penmen,
;
law, where, and among divine;, it likewife figni-
jj..
or the Spirit of God that dire&ed them, to (hew
r*'y crcwi is abjdvtc, ao- holds of none
4
j
fies a relaxation of him from the obligation of
I cannot in a bafe fubjection live, us the causes of this difruption, or of this abforf-
fome fentence pronounced either in a court of l:iw,
tioti ; this is left to the enquiries of men.
Nor I'uftcr you to take, tho' I would give.
orelfeinfcropcerrirfntiari. Thus there is, in this Burner's Theory of the K.irtl.
Dryd. hd. Emf. kind of law, one kind of abfohilion, termed ju-
To ABSTA'IN. 11. To
5. Pofitive ; certain; without any hefita- Lat.]
.
[abjlineo,
dicial, and another, ftyled a declaratory or extia-
tion. In this fenfe it rarely occurs. forbear, to deny one's felf any gratifi-
judicial absolution.
Long is it fmce I faw him, Ayliffc's Parergon Jvr'u Caitor.ici. cation ; with the particle/row.
But time hath nothing blurr'd thofe lines of favour, 2. The remiffion of fins, or penance, de- If thou judge it hard and difficult,
Which then he wore ; the fnatches in his voice, clared Converfing, looking, loving, to abflnin
And burft of fpeaking, were as his I'm atfo/ute, : by ecclefiaftical authority. From love's due rites, nuptial embraces fweet;
The abjolutlon pronounced by a prielt, whether
'Twa? very Cloten. Sbokefpeare's CymbeHne. And, with defires, to languim without hope.
papiil or protcftant, is not a certain infallible ground
A'BSOLUTEI.Y. adv. [from ai/blute.] to give the perfnn, fo abfolved, confidence towards
Milton's Paradijc Lofl, b. x. 993. I.

To be perpetually longing, and impatiently de-

I. Completely, without reftriftion. God. Sositb's Sermons,
firoue of any thing, fo that a man cannot ai/ljin
All th-? c ,:'. r^o'.ctions which grow in thofe
A'E SOLO TORY. adj. [abfotutoriui , Lat.].
from it, is to lofe a man's liberty, and to become
m:nd^, that neither abfvluttfy climb the rock ol
That which abfolves. a fervant of meat and drink, or I'moke.
Tjrtue, nor freeiy link into the fea of vanity.
Sidney. Though an abfoiutwy fentence mould be pro- Taylor's Rule of living holy*
Whatmer:t they can build upon having joined nounced in favour of the perlons, upon the ac- Even then the doubtful billows fcarce ibjiain
with a protetiant army, under a king they ac- count of nearnefs of blood ; yet, if From the tofs'd vell'el on the troubled main.
adultery fliall
afterwards be truly proved, he m.'iy be aja'm .
Dryden's firgif.
knowledge, to defend their own liberties and pro- pro-
pwtie;, is, to me, akfc/me/y inconceivable ; and,
ceeded againft as an adulterer.
Ay':ffe's Ptrergon. ABSTE'MIOUS. adj. \abflemms, Lat.]
I believe, will equally be fo for ever. A'BSONANT./I^'. [SeeAssoNOus.] Con- Temperate, lober, abftinent, refrain-
Sicift'i trtfb. flea. trary to reafon, wide from the purpofe.
z. Without relation ; in a date uncon-
ing from excels or pleafures. It is ufed
A'BS9NOUs. adj. [afyi/nus,La.t, ill-found- of perfons ; as, an abftemious hermit:
nected. Abfurd, contrary to realbn. It
ing.] and of things ; ao, an abftemious diet.
lately we cannot difcommend, we cannot is not much in and be
;'.ely approve
either willingnefs to live, or for-
ufe, it
may It is fpoken likewife of things that caui'e
wardncfs to die.
doubted whether it fhould be foilowed
Hooker, b. v. temperance.
Thcfe then being t''eperpetual caufes of zeal ; by to orfrsm. The inltances of longevity are chiefly amongft
, or th? grcateft evil; cither at- To luppuli: an aniter of a middle conftitution, the abftemious. Abftinencc in extremity will prove
'

,
or relatively fo to us; it that mould partake of fome of the qualities ot a mortal dileafe; but the experiments of it are
both, is unwarranted by any of our faculties ; Arbuthnct on Aliments,
is theiefo:i: jlouliy aifecled for the one yea, very rare.
moft abj'jVQUs to our reafon.
aglinft the ntlicr. Sfrat's Sermons. Clytorean dreams the love of wine expel,
No fenlible quality, as light, and colour, and Ctam'tile'i Scefjis Sckntijtca, c- 4. (Such U the virtue of th' abftiHihuf\<:?\\)
heat, and iViun,', can b^ tubfiitent in rhc bodies To ABSO'RB. Whether the colder nymph that rules the flood,
i>. a. [abforbeo, Lat. prefer.
thetnleivCi, vuta relation Extinuuifhes, and balks the df unki'n god :
M aljorkcd ; part. pret. abjorbed, or ab- Or that Mclampus (fo have fome alfur'd)
eyca and ears, and ocher orgins of lenle.
:
qualities are only the <: if fenfa- forpt.] When the mad Pi.ttides with charms he cur'd,
, '.vh.ih arifc from the different motion*, uDon I. To fwallow up. And pow'rful herba, both charms and limples call
our r.erca, from oljecli without, according to Mofes imputed the deluge to the difruption of Into the fober fpring, where ftill their virtues laft.
their various modiiKations and poiir' the abyfs ; and St. Peter to the particular conltitu- Dtyden's Fables*
Bcntley's Sermons.
tion of that earth, wliich made
obnoxious to be
it
ABSTE'MIOUSLY. ad-v.
[from abjhmious.]
3. \Vithout limits or dependance. abfsrft in water. Eutn. Theory.
Some tokens (hew Temperately, foberly, without indul-
ngtime had courted fortune's love,
But, once j>i.fic//d, d':J j.'<,V.-.'-/v :
Of fearlefs friendfhip, and their finking mates gence.
reign
Thus, with their Amj/-ons, the heroes ftrove,
Suilain ;
rain love, tho' laudable,
at.firft
ABSTE'MIOUSNESS. n. f. [See ABSTE-
And coir-iuer'd a fierce
firJt thofo beauties they would gain. By eddy, they together found MIOUS.] The quality of being abfte-
The vaft profundity.
Dryden'i jjnnui Mirabilis. Pbil/ifi.

4. Without condition. z. To fuck up. See ABSORBENT. ABSTE'NTION. a.f. \tmn\abjlineo, Lat.]
Andof that nature, for the mn(t part, are The evils that come of rxercife are that it doth
and attenuate the moifturc or the The ad of holding off, or reftraining ;
things abfilutelv unto all men's faiv-uion neccflary, alj'.rb body.
either to be held or denied, either to be done or Bacon. reltraint. Difl.
avoided. Hooker's Preface. Suppofing thcforementioned confumption fliould To ABSTE'RGE. v. a. [atjlergo, Lat.]
prove fo durable, as to aljorb and extenuate the To cleanfe by wiping to wipe.
5. Peremptorily; pofitively. ;
parti to an extreme degree, it is
faid fanguine
Being as I an), why didft not thou.
evident, that the fundamental parts muit neceija-
ABSTE'RCENT. adj. Cleanfing; having
Command me abjs'utcly not to go, a cleanfing quality.
into fuch danger, as thou riiycomi' into danger. Harvey on Confumpthns.
Going fai jft ?
While we
Parad. Left, b. ix. peifpire, we abjtrb the outward air. To ABSTE'RSE. [See ABSTERC-E.] To
Ai-bitthnot.
ABSOLUTENESS, n./. [from abfolutc.] cleanfe, to purify; a word very little
ABSO'RBENT. n.f. [abforbens, Lat.] in ufe, and lefs analogical than
1.
Completenefs. A medicine that, by the foftnefs or
ah/lerge.
Nor will we affirm, that iron received), in the
2. Freedom from dependance, or limits.
The abjclutentft and illtmitednefs of hit com- porofity of its
parts, either cafes the ftomach of the oftrich, no alteration but we fuf- ;

r.ijlion was generally much of pungent humours, or dries

aiperities peft this effect rather from corrofion than digef-t
fpoken of. tion not any tendence to chitification by the na-
away fuperfluous moiilure in the body.
;
Clarendon, b. viii.
tural heat, but rather fome attrition from an acid
There nothing that can raife a man to that
is
Quincy. and' vitriolous humidity in the ftomach, which
{enerouj abfo'intnefi of condition, as neitJier to There is a third clafs of fubftances, commonly
'

Ij.vn, or to
may abflerfe and ihave the fcorious parts thereof.
.

depend meinly ; but that called abfcrbtnls ; as, the various kinds of (hell-,
Brrtun's Vulgar Errcurs, b. iii.
that happinefs within himfelf, for
coral, chalk, crab* eyes, ft. which likewife taifc
:i men depend upon others* Youth's Strm, rcrvcfcence with acids, and are therefore called
ABSTE'RSION. n.J". [abfterfo, Lat.] The
3. Defpoticifm. alkalis, though not fo properly, for they are not aft of cleanfing. See ABSTERGE.
He kept a ftrait hand on his nobility, and chofc fjlts. Arl>usl.not<,n Aliments. Abfktrft* is plainly a fcouring oft', or incifion of
rather to advance deigymen and the more vifous humours, and making the hu-
lawyers, which ABSO'RPT. fart, [from abforb.} Swallow-
were more obfequious to him, but had lefs int.-.reM mours more fluid, and cutting between them and
ed up ; ufed as well, in a figurative
'-people; which made for his
abfolutenefs, but
the part; as is found in nitrous water, which
not f"r his !
Racai's Henry VII fenfe, of perfons, as, in the primitive, fcoureth linen cloth fpeedily from the foulnefs.
Tby dref-; u:>
-
'jwcr v.ith all the
fplendor am.
of tilings. Euan's Natural Hijiory, N 42.
tempi in add to ^> hat can you
cxpecl from who
it. J.o kc. a in-in, has not ABSTB'RSIVB. adj. [from abjltrgt.} That
ABSOLU'TION. n./. [abj'elutio, Lat.] talked thefc five days? wh ii witlid rawing his C 2 has
 A B S A B S A B S

h the qulitv of abflerging or cleanf- Mathematics, in divided

its latitude, is ufually ABSTRACTIVE, adj. [ from aljtralt. ] Har.
Into pure and mixed. And though
the pure do
ing.
ing the power or quality of abftrafting.
handle only ebflrafl quantity in general, as geo-
good, after purging, to ufe
It is and apemes doth ABSTRA'CTLY. adv. [from abftraB.~\ In,
metry, arithmetic ; yet that which is mixed,
broths, not fo much opening as thofe ufed brfnre confider the quantity of fjme particular determi-
an abftraft manner, abfolutely, without
purging but abfttrfat and mundir'ying clyftcrs
j
nate fubjecl. So altionomy handles the reference to any thing elfe.
qtuntity
good to conclude wkh, to draw away
alfo are the
of heavenly morions, mufic of founds, and me- Matter atftra&lji and abfnlutely confidercd, can-
rrliqucs of the
humours. chanics of ami not have born an infinite duntion now ;..<!( an.!
weight* pm\rrs.
Bacon's Natura WilkMt Mathematical Afagict. expired. Btrttley'l Strmcr:.
A tablet (rood of that atflerfwt tree, terms fignify the mode or quality of ABSTR A'CTN ESS. n. f.
Where ythiops' jlbjiraf} [from at/fraff.]
fwarthy bird did build to neft. a being, without any regard to the fubjecl in
Sir John Dtnbiim.
which it is ; as, whitenefs, roundnefs, length, Subtilty ; reparation from all matter or
There, many a flow'r ahfttrfrvt
grew, death.
breadth, wifdom, mortality, life,
fav'rite flow'rs of yellow hue. Swifi'i Mifccl. I have taken Come pains to mike plain and fa-
Thy Watt ft Logic*.
A'BSTINENCE. miliar to your thoughts, truths, which eftabliihi-J
n.f. [al>/lintntia, Lat.] t. With the particle frtm.
prej udice, or the abjlrafinefi of the
ideas thcmfclvci,
1. Forbearance of any thing ; with the Another fruit from the confidering things in L^ki.
might render difficult.
particle from. themfcives, abjlrafl from our opinions, and other
Becaufe the abfl'mince from a prefcnt pleafurc, men's notions and Jifo'iurfci on them, will be, ABSTf.\'crt.D.part.aJj. [abftricJus, Lat.]
that offers itfelf, is a pain, nay, oftentimes very that each mm will purfue his thoughts in that Unbound. Did,
great one : it is no wonder that that operates
after method, which will be moft agreeable to the na- To ABSTRI'NOE. v.a. Tounbind. Di3.
the fame manner pain does, and lefl'cns, in our ture of the thing, and to his apprchenfion of what To ABSTRU'DE. -v. a. [abjlrudo, Lat.]
it fuggefts to him. Locke.
thoughts, what is future ; and fo forces us, as it To thruft off, or pull Du-t.
away.
were, blindfold into its embraces. Luke. A'BSTRACT. n.f. [from the verb.] ABSTR U'SE. Lat. thruit
adj. \abftrufus,
2. Fading, or forbearance of neceflary 1. A
fmaller quantity, containing the vir-
out of fight.]
food. It is generally diftinguifhed from tue or power of a greater.
I. Hidden.
You flull there find a man, who is the abftralt
temperance, as the greater degree from men follow.
Th" eternal eye, whofe fight difcerns
of all faults all
the lefs ; fometimes as Angle perform- thoughts, from forth his holy mount,
Staktffean'i Antony and Clc'jfatra.
jfbftrufijl
ances from habits ; as, a day of atfli- And from within the golden lamps that burn
If you are falfe, thefe epithets are fmall ;
nenct, and a life of temperance. You're then the things, and abftrali of them all. Nightly before him, faw, without their light,
Rebellion riling.
S.iy, can you faft? your ftoroachs are too young: Drydeni Aur. Milton' i ParadifcLoJt, t. v. /. 71*.
And abftincnce ingenders
maladies.
2. An epitome made by taking out the s. Difficult remote from, conception or
Shakeffnare't Love'i Latour Loft.
;

And the faces of them, which have ufed at- principal parts. apprchenfion. It is oppofed to obvious
mail ftine above the flars ; whereas our Wh:n Mnemon came to the end of a chapter,
f.r.tr.ct, and eafy.
laces Dull be blacker than darknefs.
he recollected the fentiments he had remarked ;
So fpakeour Sire, and by his countenance feem'd
2 Efdras, vii. fo that he could give a tolerable analyfis and ab-
55.
of every treatife he had read, juft after he Ent'ring on Itudious thoughts abjiruft.
Religious men, who hither muft be fent flratt
ParaJiftLoft, b. viii.
had fmifhr.i it. IPatts's Imp. oftte Mind.
A%, awful guides of heavenly government j The motions and figures within the mouth are
To teach you penance, fads, and abjlineniCj 3.
The ftate of being abftrafted, or dif-
and not eafy to be diiVmguiihvd, efpeciaily
abftrufc,
To punilh bodies for the foul's offence. joined. tbofe of the tongue, which is moved through the
Drydtn'i Indian Emf. The
hearts of great princes, if they be confi-
help of many mufcles, fo eafily, and habitually,
A'BSTINENCY. n.f. The fame with AB- dcred, as it were in abftraR, without the necef- and varioufly, that we are fcarce able to give a
fity of Mates,
and circumftanccs of time, can
IT IN EN CE. judgment of motions and figures thereby framed.
take no full and proportional plcafure in the ex- Holder.
Were our rewards
for the abftineneies, or riots,
of this prrfent life, under the prejudices of ihort
ercife of any narrow bounty. Wbrfiw. No man could give a rule of the greateft beau-
ABSTR A'C TED. ties, and the knowledge of them w.is fo ai>J!raf( r
or finite, the promifes and threats of Chrift would part adj. [ from abjtracl. ]
.

that there was no manner of fpeaking which could

lofe much of their \irtue and energy.
Separated ; disjoined.
Fundam. exprefs them. '
Drydtn't Dufnjnoy.
HaniiKond'i That fpace the evil one abflrafiej flood
From his own eyil, and for the time remain'd ABSTRU'SELY. adv. In an abllrufe man-
A'BSTINENT. adj. [abfthiem, Lat.] That
Milton. ner obfcurely, not plainly, or obvi-
ufes abftinence, in oppofition to covet- Stupidly good. ;

Refined, purified. oufly.

ous, rapacious, or luxurious. It is ufed
Abjiraflid fpirityai love, they
like ABSTR U'SE NESS, a./ [from abftrufe.] Th
chiefly of perfons. Their fouls exhal'd. Dinr.t.
quality of being abftrufe ; difficulty,
ABSTO'RTED.<J<#. \abftort ui,\J ^.'\ Forced Abftrufe ; difficult.
obfcurity.
away, wrung from another by vio- . Abfent of mind, inattentive to prefent is not oftentimes fo much what the fcripture
It
lence. Dili. what fome men perfuade others it fays,
objects ; as, an abftraQed fcholar. fays, as
To ABSTRA'CT. >v. a. [abjlrabo, Lat.] ABSTRA'CTEDLY. ad<v. With abftrac- that makes it feem oblcure, and that as to fome

I. To take one thing from another. other paffages that are fo indeed, fince it is the
Could we hem thcfc pernicious effefts,
tion, fimply, Separately from all con- abjtruftneji
of what is taught in them, that makes
abfirafl
and fuppofc this were innocent, it would be too tingent circumftances. them almoft inevitably fo ;
it is little lefs laucy,
light to be matter of praile. Or whether more atyirafledly we look, upon fuch a fcorc, to find fault with <hc (lyle of
Dicay cf Piey.
Or on the writers, or the written book :
the fcripture, than to do fo with the author for
2. To feparate by diftillation. Whence, but from heav'n, could men unfkill'd in us but men.
making Boyle on the Scripture*
Having dephlcgmed fpirit of fait, and gently cb- arts, ABSTRU'SITY.
the whole there remaincth in the n.f. [from abjlrufe.']
Jiriidtd fpirit, In feveral ages born, in feveral parts,
retort a ftyptical fubfrance. 1. Abftrufenefs.
Boyle, Weave fuch agreeing truths ? or how, or why
j. To feparate ideas. Should all confpire to cheat us with a lie ? 2. That which is abftrufe. A word feldom
Thofe who cannot diftinguifh, compaie, and Unafk'd their pa'ns, ungrateful their advice, ufed.
ebflrjfl, would hardly be able to undcrftand and Starving their gain, and martyrdom their price. Authors are alfo fnfpicious, nor greedily to be
make ufe of language, or judge or reafon to any Drydtn t Riiigio Laid. fwallowed, who pretend to write of fecrcts, to de-
toltrab'e degree. Lock, ABSTR A'CT JON. */. [abfiraflio, Lat.]
liver antipathies, fympathics, and the occult ab-
of things. Brown" i Vulvar Erronrs.
4. To reduce to an epitome. 1. The aft of abftrafting.
Jfrujitici

If we would fix in the memory the difcourfes The word alftiadiin fignifies a withdrawing TeAasu'ME.i'.a. \abfumo, Lat.j To bring
we hear, or what we defign to fpcak, let us ab- fome part of an idea from other parts of it by ;
to an end by a gradual walle ; to eat up.
flraS them into brief compcrnds, and review them which means fuch abftracled ideas are formed, An uncommon word.
often. H'alts'i Imp. the Mind. as neither reprefent any thing corporeal or fpi- That which had been burning an infinite time
r,f
ritiial ; tliat is, any thing peculiar or proper to could never be burnt, no not fo much as any pare
A'BSTRACT. adj. [abjiraflus, Lat. See
mind or body. Wasn't Logict. of it ; for if it had burned part after part, the
the verb To ABSTRACT. ]_
2. The ftate of being abftrafted. whole mult needs be abjumed in a portion of time.
I. Separated from fomething elfe ; gene- Halt's Origin of Mankind.
3. Abfence of mind ; inattention.
rally ufed with relation to mental per ABSU'RD. adj. [abfurdui, Lat.]
ceptions ; as, abjlraft mathematics, ab-
4i Difregard of worldly objefts. Unrealizable as
* hetmit wiihcs to be praifed for his atftraflion.
I. ; without judgment,
fratl terms, in oppofition to concrete. Puft's Letun. ufed of men.
Seeming
 A B IT ABU ABU
Seeming wife men may make fliift to get opi- i.
nion but let no man chule them for employment Plentiful. Some praife at morning what they blame atnight,
;
5
for certainly ^ou had better take forbufinefs a mar Good, the more But always think the laft opinion right.
fometvhat abfurd, than over formal. Bacon. Communicated, more abundant grows ;
A mufe by thefe is like a miftrefsus'd,
A The author not impair'd, but honour'd more. This hour /he's idolii'd, the next
man, who cannot write with wit on a proper abus'd.
fubject, is dull ar.d ftupid ; but one, who fliews it Paradife Loft, t. v. Pope', EJay on Criticifm*
in an improper place, is as impertinent and ab- 2. Exuberant. The next criticifm feems to be introduced for
If the veflels are in a ftate of too no other reafon, but to mention Mr.
furd. Addifon, Spectator, N 291. great rigidity, Bickerftaff,
fo as not to yield, a whom the author every where endeavours to imi-
2. Inconfiftent, contrary to reafon, ufed ol ftrong projectile motion occa-
fions their tate and abufe.
fentiments or practices. rupture, and hemorrhages ; efpecially
in the lungs,
where the blood is abundant. ABU'SE. n.f. [from the
The thing itl'elf appeared defirable to him, and
accordingly he could not but like and defire it ;
Arbutbnot on Aliments. 1 The ill ufe of any thing.
.

but then, it was after a 3. Fully ftored. It is followed fometimes The calling away things profitable for the fufte-
very irrational abfurd way,
nance of man's life, is an unthankful
and contrary to all the methods and
principles of
by in, commonly by with. abufe of the
a rational agent; which never wills a The world began but fome ages before
thefe were
fruits of God's good
providence towards mankind.
thing really
ind properly, but found out, and was abundant tcitb all H'joker, b. v.
it
applies to the means, by which things at o,.
it is to be acquired. Snath's Sermons.
firft
;
and men not very numerous ; and therefore Little knows
But grant that thofe can conquer, thefc can were not put fo much to the ufe of their Ajiy, but God
alone, to value right
cheat, wits, to
*Tis phrafe abfurd to call a villain great: find out
ways for living commodioufly.
The good before him, but perverts bed
things
Burnct.
Who wickedly is wife, or madly brave, To worft abuft, or to their meaneft ufe.
4. It is applied generally to fome- ^
Is but the more a fool, the more a knave.
things,
times to perfons. Paradife LoJ), b. iv*
Pofe'i E/ay on Man. The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and 2. A corrupt practice, bad cuftom.
ABSU'RDITY. n.f. [from ahfur/]. gracious, The iiatuce of things is fuch, that, if abufet be
long-fuffering and abundant in goodnefs and truth. not remedied, they will
1 The quality of being abfurd ; want of
. Exid. xxxiv. 6. certainly encreafe.
Swift for Advancement of Religion,
judgment, applied to men; want of AB U'N D A N T L Y. aJ-v. [from abundant.} 3. Seducement.
propriety, applied to things. 1. In plenty. Was it not enough forhim-to have deceived me*
How clear
foever this idea of the
infinity of
Let the waters bring forth
abundantly the moving and, through the deceit abufed me, and, after the
number be, there is nothing more evident than creature that hath life.
Genefis, \. 20. abufe, forfaken me, but that he muft now, of all
the atfurdity of the actual idea of an infinite God on thee the company, and before all the
number. company, lay
Locke Abundantly his gifts hath alfo pour'd; want of beauty to my charge.
Sidney, b. ii.
2. That which is
abfurd; as, his travels Inward and outward both, his
image fair. 4. Unjuft cenfure, rude reproach, com-
were full of abfurdititi. In which fenfe Paradife Loft, i.viii.
2. tumely^
has a plural.
it Amply, liberally, more than fufficiently. I dark in
That fatisfaclion we receive from the opinion of
Ye law the French tongue To
light, expos'd
abundantly purified. daily fraud, contempt, abuje, and
wrong.
fome pre-eminence in ourfelves, when we fee the Sprat.
Heroic poetry has ever been efteemed Samfon jtgonl/ltt,
abfurditia of another, or when we reflect on any thegreatelt ABU'JER, n.f. [from, the verb- abufe
part abfurdities of our own. Addifon.
work of human nature. In that rank has Ariftotle
1. He
that makes an ill ufe.
^
placed it; and Longinus is fo full of the like ex-
ABSU'RDLY. adv. [from abfurtt.] After 2. He
that deceives.
prcflions, that he abundantly confirms the other's
an abfiird manner ; improperly : unrea- Next thou, the abufer of thy prince's ear.
,
- * JT / * telKmony. Drydtn's State of Innocence, Pref.
fonably. What
the example of our
equals wants of au- Denham'i Soply,
But man we
3. He that reproaches with rudenefs.
find the only creature, thority, is abundantly fupplied in the imaginations
Who, led by folly, combats nature
Who, when (he fondly cries, Forbear,
;
of friendfhip, and the
repeated influences of a
convention. 4. A
ravifher, a violater.
Rogcrs's Serm.
With obftinacy fixes there conftant^
To ABU'SE, ABU'SIVE, <z<#. [from abufe.']
; a. [abutor, abufus,
-v.
And where his genius lead inclines, Lat.] 1 .
Praftifing abufe.
In abufe, the verb,
Absurdly bends his whole defigns. Svvifi't Mifeel. /
has the found of The tongue mov'd gently firft,and fpeech was low
r
We may proceed yet further with the atheiit, z ; in 'the noun, the common (bund. Till wrangling fcience taught it noife and
(how,
and convince him, that not
only hii principle is
1 . To make an ill ufe of. And wicked wit moft atufive foe.
arofe, thy
aofurd, but his confequences alfo as de- They that ufe this world, as not abuftnr it; for Pope's Mifullaniu*
absurdly
duced from it.
Bentity's Sermoni.
the fafliion of this world Dame Nature, as the learned (how,
pafTeth away.
ABSU'RDKESS. Provides each animal its- foe ;
n.f. [from abfurd.'} The i Cor. vii. 31.
has fixed and determined the time
le Hounds hunt the hare, the wily fox
quality of being abfurd ; injudiciouf- for our
Devours your geefe, the wolf your flocks.
repentance, beyond which he will no longer await
nefs
impropriety. See ABSURDITY
;
; the perverfenefs of
men, no longer fuft'er his com-
Thus envy pleads a natural claim,
whichis more
frequently ufed. p.iffion to be aiufed. R ag ir ,', Sermons. To perfecute the mufe's fame,
^A&V'NDAKCK. n.f. [abundance, Fr.] 2. To
violate ; to defile. On poets in all times abufi-ue,
1. Plenty ; a fenfe Arachne figured how From Homer down to Pope inclufive.
chiefly poetical. Jove did abufe Swift' j MifccL
2.
At the wbiipcr of thy word, Europa like a bull, and on his back Containing abufe ; as, an abufttie lam-
Crown'd abundance fpreads my board. Cralhaio.
Her through the fea did bear. poon.
Spenfer.
The doubled charge his fubjects' love
fupplies, 3. To deceive ; to impofe upon. Next, Comedy appear'd with great applaufe,
Who, in that bounty, to themfelves are kind He Till her licentious and
; perhaps, abufivc. tongue
So glad Egyptians fee their Nilus rife, Out of my weaknefs and my Waken'd the magirtrates coercive
power. Rofiom.
And, Ln hU plenty, their abundar.ee find. As he is very potent with fuchmelancholy, Deceitful; L fenfe little ufed,
fpirits, 3. yet noc
Drjd. Ann. Mir. Abujes me to damn me. Sbakefpeare's Hamlet.
2. Great numbers. The world hath been much improper.
abufed by the opinion It is verified by a number of examples, that
The river J-in is (hut up between mountains, of making gold the work itfelf I
:
judge to be whatfoever is gained by an abujive treaty, ought
covered with woods of fir-trees. Abundance of poffible; but the means hitherto propounded, are to be reftored in
in the practice, full integrum.
peafants are employed in hewing down the largeft of error. Bacon's Ccn/id'eraticns on War f.u\tb Spain.
cf thefe tree, that, after
they are barked and cut
Bacon's Natural
Hijiory, 126. N ABU'SJVELY. ad>v. [from abufe.}
into fhapr, are tumbled down. on Addifon imports the mtfreprefentation of the qualities
It

A Italy.
of things and actions, to the common i.
Improperly, by a wrong ufe.
J. great quantity. apprehen- The oil, abuf-vely called ipjrit, of rofes, fwims
fion of men, at
Their chief entcrprize was the abufing their minds with falfe no-
recovery of the tions ; and fo, by this the top of the water, in the t:irm of a white butter
Holy Land ; in which worthy, but dif- extremely
artifice, making evil pafs wh'chl remember not to have obfcrved in
;
for good, and good for any other
ficult, acTion, it is lamentable to remember what evil, in all tlte-great concerns
alar.dance of noble blood hth been
n ' le
South' s Sermons.
oil drawn in ay limbeck. Boyle' t Sceptical Ckimill*
Nor\be with
filed, with very ^.
all thefe Reproachfully.
froa^ benefit unto the Chriftian (tate. tempting words absts'd;
Thefe tempting words were all to ABO'SIVENESS. n.f. [from akufe.] The
Sir Walter
Raleigh's E/jys. Sappho us'd.
4. Exuberance, more than enough. Pope, quality of being abufive ; fbulnefs of
For w;llwot, moii mighty fovereign,
I 4. To treat with rudenefs ; to
reproach.
I am no ftrumpet, but of life as honed language.
That all thi, famous antique hi' 1
Pick out of mirth, like ftones out of
Of fome, th' abandonee > >f an idle As you that thus
abufe me.
thy ground,,
brain, Sbakefp. Othello. Protancncfs, filthinefs, abujivenefs.
Will judged be, and But he mocked them, and at
painted forgery. laughed them, Thefe are the fcum,with which conrfe wits abound i
Spenfer. and tbujei diem
ABI/NDAN r.
adj. [abundant, La:.]
fhamcfully, and fpake proudly. The fine may fpare thefe well, yet not go lefs.
1 Mtic. vii.
34. H r!*rt.
t
 AC A A C C A C C
To ABUT. v. n. obfelete. [aloutir.to touch true acacia ; and therefore termed pftu- in political accounts ; as, another power
at the end, Fr.] To end at, to border docacia, or Virginian acacia. Miller. has acceded to the treaty ; that is, has

upon ; to meet, or to, with the ACADE'MI AI.. adj. [from academy.} Re- become a party.
approach
particle upon. lating to an academy, belonging to an To ACCE'LERATE, i>. a. [accelert, Lat.]
Two mighty monarchies, academy. 1. To make quick, to haften, to quicken
n.f. [from academy.'] A
Whofe high uprearcd and abutting fronts AcADt'MiAN. motion ; to give a continual impulfc to
The narrow perilous occ.in paits afunder.
fcholar ofan academy or univerfity; a motion, fo as perpetually to increafe.
Sbakeffcare 's
Henry V .

Take new beer, and put in fomc quantity of

The Loots are two fcveral corporations, diftin- member of an univerfity. Wood, in his
dale brer into it ; and fee whether it will not acce-
gui/hed by the addition of eaft and weft, abutting Athener Oxohienfes, mentions a great
lirjte the clarification, by opening the body of the
a navigable creek, and
joined by a fair bridge fcaft made for the academians.
beer, whereby the grolfer parti may fall down into
u'p^rt
of many arches. Carau.
ACADE'MICAL, adj. [acadcmicus, Lat.] lees. Bacon's Natural Hiftory, 307. N
ABU'TMENT,?/./ [fnmalut.] That which By a (kilful application of thofe notices, may be
Belonging to an univerfity.
abuts, or borders upon another. He drew him firft into the fatal circle, from a gained the and bettering
accelerating
of fruits, and
ABU'TTAL. n.f. [from abut.] The but- .
kind of rcfolvod privatenefs ; where, after the aca- the emptying of mines, at much more cafy ratei

A demical life, he had taken fuch a taftc of the rural, than by the common methods. Glan'vilU+.SctpJit.
ting or boundaries of any land. wri-
If the rays endeavour to recede from the denleft
as 1 have heard him fay, that he could well have
ting declaring on what lands, highways, Watt. part of the vibration, they may be alternately acce-
bent his mind to a retired courfe.
or other places, it does abut. Did. lerated and retarded by the vibrations overtaking
ACADEMI'CI AN. n.f. \academiciert, Fr.]
ABY'SM. [abyfme, old Fr. now writ-
n.f. them. . AVm/wTj Of tics.
The member of an academy. It is ge-
ten contraftedly ablme.} gulf; the A Spices quicken the pulfe, and accelerate the mo-
fame with afy/s. nerally ufed in fpeaking of the profeflbrs tion of the blood, and difiipatc the fluids ; from
in the academies of France. whence leannefs, pains in the ftomach, loathing;,
My good frars, that were my former guides,
A and fevers. Arbuttnx an Alsmtnii,
Have empty left their orbs, and fliot their fires ACADE'MICK. n.f. [from academy.] ftu-
Lo ! from the dread immenfity of fpace
Into the atyfm of hell. dent of an univerfity.
Returning, with accelerated courfe,
Stakci/icwe'i Atitopf and Cleopatra. A young academic Ihall dwell upon a journal that
The rufliing comet to the fun defcends.
ABY'SS. n.f. \abyjus, Lat. f<ra-, bot treatsof trade, and be lavifh in the praife of the
Tbcmf. Sum. /. 1
690.
tomlefs, Gr.] author ; while perfons (killed in thole fubjefts,
hear the tattle with contempt.
2. It is generally applied to matter, and
I. A depth without bottom. Watts' s Imfrwancnt of tht AJinJ. ufed chiefly in philofophical language ;
Who tempt with wand'rir.g feet
fliall
but it is fometimes ufed on other occafions.
The dark, unbottom'd, infinite ai>yjs,
Ac A D E'M i c K. adj. [academical, Lat.] Re-
In which council the king himfelr", whole con-
And, through the palpable obfcure, find out lating to an univerfity. tinual vigilancy did fuck in fometimcs caufelefi
This uncouth way. While through pcwiic fcenes the genius roves,
which few clfe knew, inclined
to the
Mjttift Paradiff LoJI, b. ii. /. 405. Or wanders wild in academic groves. fufpicions,
1. accelerating
a battle. Bacon's Henry VII.
Thythrone is darknefs in th' atyfs of light, DunciaJjlr.lv. 481.
A Perhaps it may point out to a lludent now and
blaze of glory th r. forbids the fight; ACA'DEMIST. n.f. [from academy.} The
O teach me to bsiicve thee thus- conceal'd, then, what may e-.nploy the moit nfeful labours of
member of an academy. This is not his thoughts, and acctUrate hi> diligence in the moll
And fearch no farther than thyfclf reveal'd.
often ufed. momentous enquiries. Want.
Drydcn. It obferved by the Parifian acadcmlfts, that
is ACCELER A'TION. n.f. [acceleralio, Lat.]
Jove was not more pleas'd fome amphibious quadrupeds, particularly the fea-
With infant nature, when his fpacious hand 1. The aft of quickening motion.
calf or feal, hath his epiglottis extraordinarily large.
Had rounded this huge ball of earth and feat The ?f the acceleration of failing bodies, dif-
b-.v
Ray on the Creation.
Tn give it the firft pufli, and fee it roll covjrtJ firrt by Galileo, is, that the velocities ac-
Along the vaft abyjs. Aadijcn, Guard. NO no. A'CADEMY. [anciently, and pro-
n. f. quired by falling, being as the time in which the
s. A great depth, a gulf; hyperbolically. perly, with the accent on
the firft fyl- body fails, the fpaces through which it paffes will
The yawning be as the fquares ot the velocities, and the velocity
earth difclos*d th* abyfs of hell. lable, now frequently on the fecond.
and time taken together, as in a quadruplicate f.iti 3
Drydens yjrg. Ceorg, i. Acadimia, Lat. from Academus of Athens,
In a figurative fenfe, that in which any of the fpaces.
3. whofe houle was turned into a fchool,
is loft.
2. The ftate of the body accelerated, or
thing from whom the Groves of Academe in
For fepulchres themfelves muft crumbling fall quickaned in its motion.
* The degrees of acceleration of motion, the gr^rU
In time's abyft, the common grave of all. Milton.]
Juvenal, Sat. it.
Drydcn s 1. An aflembly or fociety of men, uniting tacion of the air, the exiftence or non-exiitence of

If, difcovering how far we have clear and diftinft for the promotion of fome art. empty fpaces, either coacervate or interfperfed, and
ideas, we confine our thoughts within the contem- Our court Ihall be a little
academy,
many the like, have taken up the thoughts and
plation of thofe things that are within the reach of Still and contemplative in living arts.
times of men in difpules concerning them.
our understandings, and launch not out into that Hales Origin of MankintU
Stakefpeare't Ltnie's Labour Left.
f/yjs of darknefs, out of a prefumption that no- The The aft of haftening.
place where fciences are taught.
2. 3.
thing is beyond our comprehenfion. Locke. Confidering the languor enfuing that action in
Amongft the academies, which were compofed by
4. The body of waters fuppofed at the the rare genius of thofe great men, thcfe (our are fome, and the vifible acceleration it maketh of age
in jnoft, we cannot but think venery much abridg-
centre of the earth. reckoned as the principal ; namely, the Athenian
We eth our days. Brown.
are here to confider what
generally under-
is fchool, that of Sicyon, that of Rhodes, and that
ftood by the great abyfs, in the common
explication of Corinth. Dry den i Dufnfnty. To ACCE'ND. <v. a. [acccado, Lat.] To
of the deluge; and commonly interpreted either
'tis
3. An univerfity. kindle, to fet on fire ; a word very
to be the fea, or fubterrancous waters hid in the
bowels of the earth. Burmfi Ibeciy. 4. A place of education, in contradifKnc- rarely ufed.
tion to the univerfities or public fchools. Our devotion, if fumciently accemicd, would, as
5.
In the language of divines, hell. burn up innumerable books of this fort.
From that infatiable atyfi, The thing, and therefore the name, is thciis,

modern. Decay of Piety.

Where flames devour, and fcrptnts hifs, ACCE'NSION. n.f. Lat.] The
Promote me to thy feat of blifs. Scfcomir.en. ACANTHUS, [Lat.] The name of
n.f. aft of kindling, or the
\_acccnfio,
ftate of being
Ac, AK, or ARE. ,the herb bears-breech, remarkable for kindled.
Being initials in the names of places, as Atlan,
being the model of the foliage on the Tile fulminating damp will take fire at a candle,
(ignify an oak, from the Saxon ac, an oak.
Corinthian chapiter. or other fl.imr, and, upon its accenfion, gives a
Cibf'jn'i Camdcn.
On either fide crack or report, like the difcharge of i gup, and
AC A' CIA. n.f. [Lat.] Acantlus, and each od'rous buihy ihrub, makes an cxplofion fo forcible as fmnetimcs Co lull
I. A drug brought from Egypt, which, Fenc'd up the verdant wall. the miners, make the earth, and force bodies, ot"
being fuppofed the infpiflated juice of a Mill. Psrad. Left, t. iv. /.
696. great weight and bulk, from the bottom of the pit
tree, is imitated by the juice of floes, or mine. WwJiuJrd's Natural It

boiled to the fame confiftence. A verfe which has the complete number A'CCENT. n.f. \accentus, Lat.]
Comm. Savory. Tre-voux.
Difiionaire de of fyllables, without defeft or fuperfluity. i . The manner of fpeaking or pronoun-
z. A commonly fo called here, though To ACCE'DE. -v. n. [accedo, Lat.] To be
tree cing, with regard either to force or ele-
different from that which produces the added to, to come to ; generally ufed gance.
1
Itnaw,
 A C C A C C A CC
I know, Sir, I m
no flatterer; he that be His promife Palamon accepts, but pray 'i That pleafure is man's chiefeft god, becaufe
gulled you in a plain accent was a plain knave To keep it better than the firft he made. indeed it isthe perception of good that is properly
which, for my part, i will not be.' 1
Dryden's FabL pleafure, is an afiertionmoft certainly true, though,
S bakefpeare" s King Lear Thofe who have defended the proceedings o under the common acceptance of it, not only falfe
2. The found given to the fyllable pro our negotiators at the treaty of but odious: for, according to this, pleafure and
Gertruydenburgh
dwell upon their zeal and patience in endeavourin
nounced. fenfuality pafs for terms equivalent ; and therefore
to work the French up to their demands, but fa
Your accent is fomething finer than you cou! he, who takes it in this fenfe, alters the fubject of
nothing of the probability that France would eve the difcourfc. South.
purchale in (o removed a dwelling. them.
Sbalutfearc's Ayou like it accept Sivift ACCE'PTANCE. [inlaw.] The receiving
In the language of the Bible, to
3. In grammar, the marks made upon fyl-
3. accep of a rent, whereby the giver binds him-
lables, to regulate their pronunciation. perfoni, is to aft with perfonal and par felf, for ever, to allow a former aft done
tial
Accent, as in the Greeknames and ufage, feem regard. by another, whether it be in itfelf good
to have rrgardeJ the tune of the voice ; the acute He will furely reprove
you, if ye do fccretly a,
or not. Cotuel.
accent railing the voice in Ibme certain fyllables t< cept perfons. -Job, xiii. jo
a higher, i. e. more acute pitch or tone, and the fometimes ufed with the particl ACCEPTA'TION. n.f. [from accept.]
4. It is
grave deprelling it lower, and both having fome em
1.
Reception, whether good or bad. This
plialis,
more vigorous pronunciation.
i.e. Holder, I will appeafe him with the prefent that goet! large fenfe feems now wholly out ofufe.
4. Poetically, language or words. beforeme, and afterward I will fee his face ; per Yet, poor foul knows he no other, but that I
!

How many ages hence adventure he will accept of me. Gencfis, xxxii. zc do fufpect, neglect, yea, and deleft him ? For,
Shall this our lofty fcene be acted o'er, ACCEPTABI'I-ITY. n.f. The quality o every day, he finds one way or other to fet forth
In dates unborn, and accents yst unknown. himfelf unto me ; but all are rewarded with like
being acceptable. See ACCEPTABLE. coldnefs of acceptation.
Sbak'fpeare' t
jfulius Ctefar. He hath given us his natural blood to be fhed Sidney, b* ii.
Winds on your wings to heav'n her accents bear What is new finds better acceptation, than what
j
for the remiflion of our fins, and forthe
Such words as heav'n alone is fit to hear. obtaininj is good or great. Denbam's Sc/pky*
the grace and acceptability of repentance.
Diyd. Virg. Paji. 3. 2. Good reception, acceptance.
Taylor's Wcrtby Ccmmuaicant
5. A
modification of the voice, expreffive
ACCE'PTABLE. Cain, envious of the acceptation of his brother's
adj. {acceptable, Fr. from prayer and facrifice, flew him ; making himfelf
of the pafiions or fentiments. the Latin.]
The tender accent of a woman's cry
It is pronounced
by fome the firft manflayer, and his brother the firft mar-
Will pafs unheard, will unregarded die ; with the accent on the fink fyllable, as tyr. Raleigh's Hiflcry of the World, b. \.
When the rough Teaman's louder fhouts prevail, by Milton ; by others, with the accent 3. The ftate of ; regard.
being acceptable
When fair occalion (hews the fpringing gale. Prior. on the fecond, which is more analogical. Some things, although not fo required of necef-
to leave them undone, excludeth from,
fo A'CCENT. if. a. [from accentu;, Lat.] I. That which is likely to be accepted ; fity, that,
falvation, are, nntwithftandirg, of fo great dig-
formerly elevated at the feconifyllable, grateful pleafing. It is ufed with the
;
nity and acceptation with God, that mcft ample
now at the firft. particle to before the perfon accepting. reward in heaven is laid up for them. Hooker, b. ii.
To This woman, whom thou mad ft to be
1. pronounce, to fpeak words with my help, They have thofe enjoymer.tionly as the confe-
And me
as thy perfect gift, fo
gav'ft quences of the ftate of edeem and acceptation they
particular regard to the grammatical
good,
So fit, lo acceptable, fo divine, are in with their
parents and governours.
marks or rules.
That fiom her hand I could expect no ill. Locke on Education,^ 53.
Having got fomebody to mark the lift fylhblc
Paradije Loft, b. ii. 4. Acceptance in the juridical fenfe. This
but one, where it is long, in words above two
fyl- I do not fee other method left for men ot
any fenfe occurs
lables (which is enough to rrg'i'.a'.e her pronuncia- tht function to take, in order to reform the rarely.
tion, and the words; let her read daily in As, in order to the pafling away a thing by gift,
accenting world, than by ufing all honed arts to make them- there is required a furrender of all right on his part
the gofpels, and avoid u them in La- felves acceptable to the laity.
Sivift. that gives; fo there
tin, if me can. L*cke on Edu:a:iin, ^ J
77 f
After he had made a peace fo acceptable to the
is
required alfo an acceptation
on his part to whom it is South's Seitnoiis.
2. In poetry ; to pronounce or utter in ge- church, and fo honourable to himfelf, he died with
given.

neral. an extraordinary reputation of fanctity. 5. The meaning of a word, as it is com-

O my unhappy lines you that before
!
Addijon on Italy, monly received.
Have ferv'd my youth to vent fome wanton cries, ACCE'PTABLENESS. n.f. [from accept- Thereupon the earl of L.iuderdale made a dif-
courfe upon the feveral quelTions, and what ac-
And, now congeal'd with can fcaicimplore
able.'] The quality of being acceptable.
grief,
Strength to accent, Here my Albertm lie ! ffattin, ceptation thefe words and expreflions had.
thereby away thcacaftatinujioftSut Itwiil take
To write or note the accents. Clarendon, b. viii.
3. conjunction. Crew's Cojmologia Sacra, b. c. 2. ii. All matter either fluid or folid, in a large
is
To ACCE'NTUATB. v. a. [accentuer, Fr.] ACCEPTABLY, adij.
[from acceptable.] acceptation of the words, that they may compre_-
To place the proper accents over the In an manner fo as to
hend even all the middle degrees between extreme
acceptable ;
fixednefs and coherency, and the moft rapid in-
vowels.
pleafe ; with the particle to. For the motion of the particles of bodies. Bentl.Serwl.
teftine
ACCENTUA'TION. n.f. [from accentuate.] accent, fee ACCEPTABLE.
The aft of placing the accent in pro- ACCE'PTER. n.f. [from accept.']
The per-
1 .
Do not omit thy prayers, for want of a good ora-
fon that accepts.
nunciation. tory for he that prayeth upon God's account,
;

the accent in writing. cares not what he fuffers, fo he be the friend of ACCEPTILA'TION. n.f. [acceptilatio, Lat. J
2. Marking
ToACCE'PT. v.a. [accifio, Lat. accepter,
Chrid; nor where nor when he prays, fo he may A term of the civil law, importing the
do it frequently, fervently, and acCtLtahly. Taylor. remiflion of a debt by an acquittance
Fr.] If you >.an teach them to love and rUpcCt other
1. To take with to receive from the creditor, teftifying the receipt
pleafure ; people, thpy will, as your age requires it, find
admit with approbation.
to to cxprefi it acceptably to every one.
of money which has never been paid.
kindly ; ways
Locke on Education, ACCE'PTION. n. f. [acception, Fr. from
It is diilinguilhed from receive, y&ype- 145-
from general ; noting a particular ACCE'PTANCE. n.f. [acceptance, Fr.] acceptio, Lat.] The received fenfe of a
cific
manner of receiving. 1. Reception with approbation.
word ; the meaning. Not in ufe.
Neither do ye kindle fire on my altar for nought. Ey that acceptance of his fovereignty, they alfo That hath been cfteemcd the due and prcS-
this

I have no pleafurcin yju, faith the Lord of hofts, a ccpteJ of his laws; why then mould
any other per accretion of this word, I (hall teftify by one-
neither wiil I accept an offering at your hand. law, now be ufed amongft them ? evidence, which gave me the firft hint of this no-
Mclacbi, i. 10. Spenjcr's State of Ireland.
tion. Hammond on Fundamentals.
no refpefter of pcrfons : but, in ev?rj If he tells us his noble deeds, we mud alfo tell ACCE'SS. n.f. fin fome of its fonfcs, it
. is

nation, he that feareth him, and worketh righte- him our noble acceptance of them. feems derived from aacffus ; in others,
oufnefs, is accreted with him. Adi, x. 34, 3;. Sbakefpeare't Coriolanui.
V'u have been gracic-ufly pleafed to accept this Thus imboldc,i'd fpake, and freedom u;'d
I from acccffio, Lat. acc'es, Fr.]
ter.dur oi my duty. Pcrmiflive, and acceptance found. . The way by which any thing ;;iay be
Drydn'i Dedication ti hi: falln. Paradije Left, b. viii. /. 43 5. approached.
Charm by acc'pting, by fubmitting fwuy, Some men cannot be foolswith fo good acceptance The afcefs ofthe town was only by a neck of
Yrth.tvrv i obcv. Pope. as others. Soatb's S'mmni. land. .Bacon.
2. ufed in a kind of juridical fenie
It is ; 2. The meaning of a word as it is received There remained very advantageous actijlit tor
as, to accept terms, accept a. treaty. or underftood word temptations to enter and invade men, the fortifi-
; acceptation is the cations being very (lender, little knowledge of im-
They flaughter'd many of the gentry, for whom now commonly ufed.
o fex or age could be acc-ftedim extuf:. mortality, or an; thing beyond this life, and no
Sidney.
liTurttice
 A C C A C C A C C
ffuruice that repentance would be admitted for
'

Ai in ifiand, we ire accefble on trerj fids, ind An tcctjjarj ii faid to b that which data te-
eede unto fome principal (aft or tiling in law j
Hammond on expofcd to perpetual invafions ; again ft which
fin. Fundamentals. it is

And here th' aceejs a gloomy grove defends ; impoflibie to fortify ourfelve fufficicntly,
without ind, as fuch, generally fpeakiug, follows tlie rta-
And hne th' unnuvif able lake extends, fon and nature of its principal.
a power t fea. Mdifon's Freeholder. Aylife,
O'er whofe imluppy waters, void of light. In converfition, the tempers of men are open and A'CCIDENCE. n. f. [a corruption of ac-
No bird preforms to fleer his airy flight.
a:crffMc, their attention is awake,
and their minds
cidenti,from accidenlia, Latin.] The
Oryden's /fteid, vi. difpofed to receive the ftrongeft imprelfions ;
and
2. The means, or liberty, of approaching and
little containing the firft ru-
book
what is fpnken is generally more afiecVmg,
more diments of grammar, and explaining
either to things or men. appofite to particular ocealions. Rogers.
ACCE'SSION. the properties of the eight parts of
When we are wrong'd, and would unfold our n.f. [acceffio, Lat, acctjpon,
griefs, Fr.] fpeech.
We are dcny'd acftfs unto his perfon, 1. Increafe by fomething added, enlarge-
I do confefs I do want eloquence,

Lv n by thofe men that mod have done us wrong. And never yet did learn mine accidence.
ment, augmentation. Taylor the H'at -r-p;e!,
Stskeffcarc. Nor could the king's bounties, nor his own
They go commiflion'd to require a peace,
all
A'CCIDENT. n.f. [arddens, Lat.]
large accefllais, raife a fortune to hit heir ; but
at'-
And The
carry prefcnts to procure aceejs. ter vift fums of money, and great wealth gotten, 1. property or quality of any being,
Drydcns jt.at'h'., vii. /. 109. he died unlamented. Clarendon. which may be Separated from it, at leaft
He grtnts what they befoughtj
There would not have been found the difference in thought.
Intruded, that to God is aojicctfs
here fct down betwixt the force of the air, when If (he were but the body's accident,
Without Mediator, whofc high office now
Mofcs in figire bean. expanded, and what that force Jhould have been And her fole being did in it fublift,
Milton's Par. Lat, I. xii. /.
according to the theory, but that the included inch As white in fnow Ihe might herielf abfcnt,
139. of air received fome little accej/ion during the trial. And in the body's fubftancc not be mifs'd.
3. Encreafe, enlargement, addition. the Air. Sir y. Daviei.
Boyle's Spring tf
The gold was accumulated, and ftore treafures, The the nobles began to appre-
for the molt part; but the filver is ftill growing.
wifeft among An mode, or an accident, is fuch a
accidental
hend the growing power of the people j and there- mode not neceflary to the being of a thing ;
as is
Befides, infinite is the accefs of territory and em-
fore, knowing what an accejjiin thefeof would ac- for the fubjeft may be without it, and )et remain
fire by the fame enterpr'uc. Bacon. crue to them, by fuch an addition of property, of the fame nature that it was before ; or it is that
Nor think fuperfluous their aid ; ufed all means to prevent it. Stvift. mode which may be feparated or aboliflied from
I, from the influence of thy looks, receive
Charity, indeed, and works of munificence, are its fubjefh ffatis's Lo^uk.
jlccefs in every virtue in thy fight
the proper difcharge of fuch over-proportioned
;

More more watchful, 2. In grammar, the property of a word.

wife, ftronger. and the only virtuous enjoyment of them.
acccjfinns, The learning of a language nothing elfe but i

Pjradife Loft, i. ix.
Although to opinion, there be many gods, may 2.
fr'm an aceejs in religion, and fuch as cannot at all
eonfift with atheifm, yet doth
deduflively, and
it
Rvgcrs's Sermons. the informing of ourfclve;, what compofures of
The aft of coming to, or joining one's
letters arc, by confcnt and inlVitution, to fignify
felf to as, aceejjion to a confederacy. fuch certain notions of things, with their moda-
;

what wile objections he prepare*

Befidc, lities and accidents. HMer's Element: if Speech.
upon inference, include the fame; for unit}' is the

jnfeparablc and eflential attribute of Deity. Againft my late acctjpvn to the wars ? 3. That which happens unforefecn; ca-
Dors net the fool perceive his argument
IO.
fualty, chance.
f(/ivn"s it.'s. c.
Vulgar Errostrs,
The Is with more force againfl Achilles bent?
reputation General laws are like general rules in phyfick,
Of virtuous aAions pad, if not kept uy Dryden's Fables-
according whereunto, as no wife man will di-lire
"With an accefs, and frefh fupply, of new ones, The aft of arriving at as, the king's himfelf to be cured, if there be joined with h'n
3. ;
Is loft and loon forgotten. Dcriharrt's
Sophy. difcafc fome fpecial accident, in regard whereof,
acceffion to the throne.
4. It is fometimes ufed, after the French, that whereby others in the fame infirmity, but
A'CCSORII.Y. aJ-v, {from acceffory.^ In
to fignify the returns or fits of a diftem- without the like accident, recover health, would
the manner of an acceflbry.
be, to him, either hurtful, or, at the leaft, un-
per i but this fenfe feems yet fcarcely A'ccESORY.a<#. Joined to another thing Hunker, t. v. $ 9.
profitable.
received into our language. The flood, and other accidents of time, mair
fo as to incrcafe it ; additional.
For as relapfes make difcafes, itone common field and pafture with the land of
In this kind there is not the leaft action, but it
More defperate than their firft accejes. Hudibras.
doth fomewhat make to the accejjory augmentation Eden. Rjleigb's Hifory of the World,
A'CCESSARINESS. n. f. [from
acce/arj.] ofourblifs. Hooker. Our joy is turn'd
The ftate of being acceflary.
A'CCESSORY. n. f. Lat. ac-
Into perplexity, and new amaze;
Perhaps this will draw us into a negative acctf- [acceffbrius, For whither is He g*ne ? What accident
Fr. This word, which had
farinefs to the mifchiefs. Dtcay of Piety. ceffiire, Hath rapt him from us ? Paradife Regained,
A'ccEStAnr. anciently a general fignification, is now And trivial accidents (hall be forborn,
*dj. [A corruption, as it almoft confined to forms of law.] That others may have time to take their turn.
feems, of the word accejfiry, which fee ;
u Drydcn's Fables,
but now more commonly ufed than the Applied to perfons. The
reformation ov/ed nothing to the good in-
That which, without
A man that is guilty of a felonious offence, not
tentions of king Henry. He was only an inflru-
proper word.] but by participation ; as, by com-
principally, ment of it (as the logicians fpcak) by accident.
being the chief conftituent of a crime, mandment, advice, or concealment. And a man
contributes to it. But it had formerly a be acccjjory to the offence of another, after Swift's MiftclLinics.
may
two common
law, or by ftarute and,
by the
ACCIDE'NTAL. n.f. {accidental, Fr. See
good and general fenfe. :
forts,
As for thofc.things that arc acccflary hereunto, by the common law, two ways alfo; that is, be- ACCIDENT.] property nonefleu- A
thofe things that fo belong to the way of falvation, fore or after th* facl. Before the laO ; as, when tial.
&ff. one commandeth or advifeth another to commit a Conceive, is much as you can, of the efTentialj
Hooker, b. iii. 3.
He hath taken upon him the government of felony, and is notprefentat the execution thereof; of any fubjefi, before you confider its accidentals.
for his prcfence makes him alfo a principal ; whcie- Watts's l.igi.k.
HuU, without any apprehenfion or imagination,
would ever make him fore there cannot be an acceflbry before the fafl in
that it
accejfary to rebellion ACCIDE'NTAL. adj. [from accident.]
Clarendon, t. vii; manflaughtcr ; becaufe manfhughtcr is Hidden
and not prepcnfed. AcctJJ'ory after the fact,
1. Having the quality of an accident,
ACCESSIBLE, adj. [accejpbilis, Lat. ac-
i

noneflential ; ufed with the particle to,

when one receiveth him, witf>m he knowcth to
(cjjible, Fr.] That which may be ap- have committed felony, Acctjtory by ftatute, is before that in which the accident in-
proached ; that which we may reach or he that abets, counlels, or hides any man com- heres.
arrive at. mitting, or having committed, an offence made fe- A diftinftion is to be made between what
lony by rtatute. Cotvcl
It applied both to perfons and
is
common pleafts naturally
in itfclf, and what plc.ifcs upon
By the law, the accij/iries cannot b< th: account of machines, atlors, dances, and
thing*, with the particle t.
Some lie more open to our fenles and daily ob- proceeded againft, till the principal has receivec circumftances, which are merely accidental to the
his trial. Sfe nf. Stair of Jrdu Rymcr's Tragedies of the la/i Agt*
fcrvation; others are more occult and hidden, But
tragedy.
paufc, my foul and ft udy, ere thou fall
!
This is to a ftate of religion, and
accidental
and though fome meafure, to our
'tn
accejfsble, On accidental joys, th' eifential.
therefore ought to be reckoned among the ordinary
fenfes, yet not without great fcarch and fcrutiny, Still before to abide
or fome happy accident. Halt's Origin of Mankind. tsccejjorses difficulties of it. Tilhtfin,
Thofe things, which were indeed inexplicable,
A trial, muft the principal be try'd. Dei
2. Cafual, fortuitous, happening by chance.
Now were all transform'4
have been rackt and tortured to difcover them- Thy fin's not accidental, but a trade.
Alike, to ferpenti all, as acccjjiritt
ielres, while the plainer and more acctjfble truths, Sbakcjpeare'i Meaf. fir Afcaf,
To his bold riot. Mtlnn'i Per, Loft, t, x.
/.
520 So mail you hear
as if
dcfpicablc while cafy, art clouded and ob-
z. to things. Of
icured. Dtcoj tj'Piety, Applied c(/ff<i/ju<lgraw, cafual flaughtcts ;

Of
 A C C A C C
Of deathi
A C C
put on by cunning, and /brc'd caufe.
To ACCLO'Y. v. a. [See CLOY.] God did not
primarily intend to appoint thij
Sbakiff. Hamltt.
Look upon things of the moil accidental and
1 . To up, in an ill fenfe ; to crowd, to
fill way of and to impofe it upon them as
worfliip,
mutable nature; accidental in their fluff full ; a word almoft obfolete. that which was moft
production, proper and agreeable to him,
and mutable in their continuance At the well head the pureft (beams arife: but that he condefcended to it as moft
; yet God's accommodate
them is as certain in him, to their
preference of But mucky filth his prefent ftate and inclination.
as the
branching arms T:tlotfon.
memory of them is, or can be, in us. And with uncomely weeds the gentle annoys,
wave accloys. ACCO'MMODATELY. adv. [from accom-
South' i Sf mars.
fairy Sfticcn. modate.'] Suitably,
3. In the following it feems to 2. To to fatiety
fitly.
partage fill
; in which fenfe cloy is ACCOMMODATION, n.f. [from accommo-
iignify adventitious. Itill in ufe.
date.]
Ay, fuch a minifter as wind to fire, They that, efcape beft in the
Tha; adds an accidental fiercenefs to temperate zone, 1. Proviiion of conveniences. %.
would be acchyid with
Its natural long nights,' very tedious, 2. In the plural,
fury. Dtntam's Scfty. no lefs than conveniencies, things re-
ACCIDE NTALLY.W-C/. forty days. Ry , tie Creation.
quifite to eafe or refrefhment.
[from accidental.} To ACCO'IL. -v. n. To
1. After au accidental manner [See COIL.] The king's commiilioners were to have fych
; noneffen- crowd, to keep a coil about, to buftle, accommodations, a$ the other thought fit to leave to
tially. to be in a them ; who had been
Other points no lefs concern the common- hurry: a word now out of very civil to the king's
ufe. commifliuners. b. viii.
Wultfa, th,,ugh but Ch.r^don,
accidentally depending up in
* > orm -
Sfatft,; S...
<fb I.
About the cauldron many cooks
acco'itd, 3. Adaptation, fitnefs ; with the particle to.
conclude choler
I With hooks and ladles, as need did Indeed that difputing
and phyfiology is no accommo-
accidentally
moniou;, but not in itfdf.
bitter, acri-
The while the viands in the veflcl require ; dation toyour defignr, which are not to teach men
Htrvy an boil'd,
Cor:],
2. Cafually, They did about their bufmefs fweat, and forelv to cant
endlefsly about materia andfjrma.
fortuitously. toil'd.
Although virtuous men do fometimes acciJen FairtSuttn. Glan-uiUe's Scepjis.
make A'CCOLENT. The organization of the body, with accommida-
tally their way to
preferment, vet t'.v n.f. \accohns, Lat.] He that ticn to its
world is fo corrupted, that nu man can .'.bits near a place ; a borderer. Dia. functions, is fitted with th: moft curiouj
reafon-
be mechanifm. Hole's
ably hope to rewarded in it, merely u AOCO'M MOD A RLE. adj. [accommodabilis,
Qr'iv'-r.

count of his virtue.

Swift' > M$nUm\a.
4- Compontion of a difference, reconcili-
ACCIDE'NTALNESS. n.f. [from acciden- Lat.] That which may be fitted ; with ation, adjultment.
the particle to.
tal.} The quality of being accidental. As ;te
ACCO'MPANABLE. adj. [from accompany .]
variety in the circumftances
Die. of perfons, Sociable : a word now not
ufed.
thing,, aftiar.s, times, and places; fo
Acci PIENT. A we muft be furniilied with fuch
A m->w, as it were, of tn-accomfarfaklc folita-
n.f. [anipiat, Lat.] re- general rule? a-:
are atcvmmcaakli it ail this rinefs, and of a civil wildnefs.
ceiver, perhaps lometimes ufed for re- variety, by a wife judg- Sidney, b. i.
ment and dilVr.
Want's Logic*. ACCO'MPANIER. n. f.
[from accompany.]
- ">'"", Dia. To ACCO'MMODATE. v The, perfoii that makes part of the com-
To Acci TE, v. a. [acc-ta, To call, a . r accom . .
Lat.]
to fumrnons a word not in ufe
mctfo,
Lat.] pany ; companion. Dia.
;
now.
Our ne, we will eccin i.^To fupply with conveniences of am-
To ACCO'MPANY. v a.
[accompagner,
.

(As I bcl"
-j) all Qur /i ace> ..uij. It has with before the Fr.] To be with another as a
compa-
thing.
IT
y good intents) Thele nion. It is ufed both of
t caufe to Tk :e1 -
three, perfons and
fay,
,
nothing with
word, ftand, (land,
; this
things.
l-y the place (more charming
/
lay. Go vifit her, in her chafte bower of
With their own nobleaefs, which could reft,
haveturn'd
Ac c A diitaff.to a lance), Accompany'd with angel-like delights.
n.f. TaecKona, Lat. from which gilded pale looks.
Spcnfer, Sonnet iii.
.

probably firll the verb acclaim, now Sbakeff. Cymbe'.lr.e. The great bufmefs of the fenfcs
loft, being to make
and then the noun.] A
(hout of praife,
2. With the particle to, to notice of what hurts or
adapt, to fit, to i> the advantages
acclamation. make confident with. body, it
wifely ordered by nature, that pain
is

He had allied many things not

fliould
accompany the reception of feveral i jca:.
L
thy pow'rs, with load acclaim,
.

that they
.
were not natural before, but that he Lo,
'

c.
might actom- As
nxtlate himfelf to the folly is ufually accompaniid with
Mittens Par.
Lift, b. iii. /. ,07 age in which he lived. perverfc-
The herald end, ; the vaulted
"
nefs, fo it is here. Swift's Short fie-w
firmament Drydtn on Dramatic Poetry. of Ireland.
"' t; '

.ipplaufe, is rent.
TWM his mUfortun an hwo- upon
To ACCO'MPANY. v.n. To aflbciate with;
theiis, that could not be accommodate
. , l>ry,t
to the na- to become a companion to.
ACCLAMA now. ./ [acclamaiio, Lat.
ture of things, and human ufKii.s
his |v No man in 'eftecl doth
accompany with others
;
could not be made to
Shouts of appiaufe agree with that conftituiioi but he learneth, ere he is
; fuch as thofe with and order which God hath fettled in the aware, fome gefture*
whicn a world. voice, or fafliion. Bacon's Nat.
victorious
falutes the ge- army Hijiory',
neral. To reconcile
ACCOMPLICE, n.f. [complice, Fr. froni
3. ; to adjuft what feems in-
It hath been the cuftom of
Chriftian men, in confiftent or at variance complex, a word in the barbarous Latin,
>ken ol the g.eater ; to make con-
much in ufe.]
reverence, to (land, to utte;
certain words o( fiilency appear.
acclamat, and, at the name of Part know how to accommodate St. i. An affociatt, a partaker, ufually in an
Jefus,tobow. tffcr,J.v. &zo. St. Paul better than fome late
James and
reconcilers. Norris. ill fenfe.
Gladly then he mix'd
Among thofe friendly
pow'rs, who him receiv'd
To ACCO'MMODATE. v. n. To be con- There were feveral fcandalous
reports indurtri.
With joy, and acclaaftMu formable to. oufly fprcad by Wood, and his accomfllca, to dif-
loud, that one,
That, of fo many myriads fall'n, courage all oppofition againft his infamous project.
yet one They make the particular enfigns of the twelve
Return'd.notloft. Milt. Pared. *. v i. tribes acccmmedatt unto the twelve figns of the
Such an enchantment is there Loji, 1.2V Swift.
in words, and
r
2. A partner, or xo-operator ; in a fenfe
le a thin, does it fecm to
fome, to be ruined
M-
Neither f
fort of
"-
indifferent.
chymifts have duly confidered
plaul.bly, and to be umered to their deftrucli., n how great variety there is in the If a tongue would be
with panegynck and acclamation. textures and talking without a mouth,
South confiftencies of
compound bodies ; and how little what could it have done, when it had all it
AccLi VITY. ,,.f. [from acclivas, Lat.l the confidence and duration of organs of fpccch, and accomplices of found, about
The fteepnefs or fm to accommodate and be
many of them
flope of a line inclin- explicable by the pro Addijon, Spttlator, 247. N
notion.
ing to the horizon, reckoned upwards pofed^ By If, Seept. Cbym. 3. It is ufed with the
panicle to before a
as, the afcent of an hill is the ACCO'MMOD ATE.a<^'. [accommodatus, thing, andtu/'/^ before a perfon.
actli-vitj, Lat.]
the defcent is the Suitable, ufed fometimes with the
fit ;
Childlefs Arturiub,
.

vailly rich before,

declivity.
The men, leaving their wives and Suiacy but more Thus by his loffes
multiplies his (lore,
ch.ldren below, d, not "yT.uuger particle/or, frequently with to. Sufpecied for accomplice to the fire,
without fome They are fo adled and directed by nature, as
clamber up the difficulty,
to cad their That burnt his palace but to build it higher.
acclnM*, dragging their tine eggs in fuch places as arc mft ac-
with them, whe e
than, and
they feed
make
and mijk
butter and
^ ccmmtdati for the cxclufion of their
where there is food
young, and Who, mould they fle,al for
Drsd.Jvv.'Stt.
want of his relief.
cheefe, and Jo all ready for them fo foon as they He judg'd
.he tary-work. himfclf
R.J on ,h< Cr latl n .
be hatched. R ay tbc Crtatim. m />/;
-uiitt the thief.
Acci vows. i
adj. [acclivut,
In thefe cafes we examine ihe
why, the what, Diy Jen', Faklri.
Lat.] Rifing and the how, of To ACCO'MPLISH. v.a. [atcemflir, Pr.
witn a Hope. things, and propofc means ac-
cemmodatt tt the end. from comtleo, Lat.l
VOL. I. L'EJi range.
 A C C A C C
A C C
with one accerd.
with Toftua and Ifrael,
as, to
The means fuggeftedby policy nd worldly !
i. To complete, to execute fully; wifdom, for the auainmcnt of thofe earthly en-
'.in, ix.

acctmplijh a defign. purpofe, not only

for that Harmony, fymmetry, juft corrcipond-
joymer.ts, are unfit
.

He far oft (hall die of the pcftilence, and but cnce of one thing with another.
tnai
upon the account of their infufficier.cy for,
is

lie that is near (hall fall by the fword,

and he that
alfo of their frequent oppi>fit':on and contrariety is nothin tlfc but a juft acctrd and mu-
the fa-
Beauty
rercaineth, and is befieged, (hall die by to, the of 1'ucli ends. Smb's Strtn. tual harmony of the members, an'rnatsd by a
afccmplijbmir.t
Thus will my fury upon them.
n.f. [Fr. comftcr and comfte,
mine. 1 accomplish ACCO'MPT. healthful conftitutiun. Drjdtx's Dujnfny, Prtf.
F.zeliel, vi. 12.
anciently uccompter. Skinner.'}
An ac- Mufical note.
2. To complete a period of time. count, a reckoning. See ACCOUNT. Try, if there were in one (leeple two bells of
in the defo- -f the one would
He would acfcmplijb fcvcnty years to call itfelf to a juft unifon, whether the Itriking
Daniel, ix. a The foul may have time
lati -ns of Jerulalcm.
means whereof re- move the other, mire than If it were another
accampt of all things pad, by N a8 1.
3. To fulfil ; as, a prophecy.
is
perfected. Htxlter, 4. v. 46.
accord. Bacon s Natural Hi/lay,
vilion, The pentance
Each Chriftmas they aenmfts did clear;
We mud not blam-- Apollo, !

Which I made known to Lucius ere the ftroke Prior. If falfe accordi troni 1 .
ngs be fent.
And wound their bottom round the year.
inftant Sir jf. Dav':et.
Of this yet fcarce cold battle, at this
ACCO'MPT A NT. n.f. \accomptant, Fr.]
A
Is lull accaapli/h'd. Sbakffpearii Cymbclint
ACCOUNT- Own accord ; voluntary moiion : uied
V.'e fee every day thofe events exactly
accam reckoner, computer. See
both of perfons and things.
which our Saviour foretold at fo great ANT.
piijbed,
AdJ- r'- Ne Guyon yet fpa~e word,
diftance. As the accompt runs on, generally the aecomft Till that they came unto an iron door,
4. To
gain, to obtain. ant goes backward. Soutb's Sfratxi
Which to them open'd of its own a<.
Tell him from me (a he will win my love) ACCO'MPTING DAY. The day on which fra'ry >u!!n.

He bear himfelf with honourable action ; the reckoning is to be fettled. Will you blarre any man for doing that ot his
Such as he hath obferv'd in noble ladies To whom thou much doft owe, thou much own accord, which all men fn >u!d be compeli-d to
Unto their lords, by them I th.mfeives. Iltxkcr.
accanplilhrd.
muft pay; do, that are not willing
Sbakefp. Tarn, of
a Sbrew
Think on the debt againft th' accompting day. All animal fubftancc;, expofed to the air, turn
make my heaven in a lady's lap.
I'll
Sir 7. Denbam alkaline of their f wn acccrd; and Cam: vegetables,
Ohmifcrable thought, and more unlikely, heat, will not turn acid,
but alkaline.
[derived, by fome
by
Than to accomplilh twenty golden crowns. To ACCO'RD. <v. a. Jirhutbr.'t en jillmtr.ti.
Sbakefp. Henry
V from corda, the firing of a mufical in
o 6. Adion in fpeaking, correfpondent to
c To adorn, or furnilh, either mind flrument, by others, from corda, hearts the words.
body. in the firft, implying harmony, in th Titus, I am come to talk with thee.
From the tents
other, unily.~\ No, not a word: how can I grace my talk,
The armourers tccomplijhing the knights, Wanting a hand to give it thac accord?
1. To make agree ; to adjuft one thing t Ard.
bufy hammers clofing
With rivets up,
Sbake/p. Tilus
Give dreadful note of preparation. Sbakefp. Hen.
V another ; with the particle to.
The firft fports the (hepherds (hewed, were full ACCORDANCE, [from accord.} n. /
ACCOMPLISHED, participial adj. with the
in fome qualification.
of fuch leaps and gambols, as being acccrded to 1 .
Agreement with a perfon ;
1. Complete the pipe which they bore in their mouths, even particle moitb.
For who expects, that, under a tutor, a you as they danced, made a right picture of their
chief And in long accordance bide,
an accompli/bed publick or prays he may
gentleman ihouli be god Pan, and his companions
the fatyri. With that great worth which
hath fuch wonders
tor or logician.
Lc b. i.
Sidney, Fairfax, b. n.Jtanxa 63.
of embe wrought.
2. Elegant ; finifhed in refpea Her hands accorded the lute's mufic ta the voice;
2. Conformity to fomething.
lifhtnents ufed commonly of acquire<
; her panting heart danced to the mufick.
The only way of defining of fin, is, by the con-
without including moral Sidney, k. ii.
of God ; as of good, by the
.
qualifications, trariety to the will
The lights and (hades, whofe well accorded ftrife
excellence. accordance with, that will.
Gives all the ftrength and colour of our life. Hammond's Fundamental!*
The
next I took to wife,
O that 1 never had fond wi(h too late, !
Pope't Efifl.
ACCO'RD A NT. adj. [accordant, Fr.]
Wil-
Was in the vale of Sorec, Dalila, 2. To bring to agreement ; to compofe ;
Not in ufe.
fnare. accommodate. ling ; in a good humour.
That fpteious monfter, my acccmpli/b'd to ,
1 he prince difcovered that he loved your niece,
Samjon A^n. Men would not reft upon bare contracts without
and meant to acknowledge it this night in a dance;
which created
ACCO'MPLISHER. n.f. [from accomplijh.} reducing the debt into a fpecialty, and, if he found her accordant, he meant
to take
Difl. much certainty, and acctrded many fuits.
the prefent time by the top, and inftantly break
The perfon that accomplices. Sir M. Hale.
Skalieff. Much
with you of it. adc ai:ti! Nothing.
ACCO'MPLISHMENT.W./ [accomplijfimcnt , To
To ACCO'RD. agree, to fuit one
v.-n. ACCO'RDINC. prep [from
. accord, of which
Fr.] with another-, with the particle with. a participle, and is there-
it is
properly
full performance, perfec-
1. Completion, 1 are often fpoke, and feldom meant ;
hings fore never uied but with to.]
tion. But that my heart accardtlb -with my tongue,
This would be the acccmpn/bment of their com- i. In a manner fuitable to, agreeably to,
Seeing the deed is meritorious,
mon felicity, in cafe, by their evil, either through And to preferve my fovereign from his foe. in proportion.
fuffered not the occ.ifion to Our churches are places provided, that the peo-
dcftiny or advice, they Sha>*fp.Hen.\\
Sir Jtbn lleyward. due and
be loft . Several of the main parts of Mofrs'i hiftory,
as
ple might there aflcmble thcmfelves in
ot
Thereby he might evade the aatmpffmat conci-rning the flood, and the
firft fathers of the decent manner, according to their fever.il degrees
thofe affliflioni he now but gradually endureth. fcveral nations of the world, do very
well accord anil orders. Hooter, b. v. ^ i
3.
Brown'i Vulgar Errcurs molt ancient accounts of profane hiftory. Our zeal, then, fliouIJ be according
to kn w-
ivitb the
He thought it impofliblc to find, in any
one Till tfon, Sfrmcn i. And what kind of knowledge ? With ut
ledge.
which he fou^'it l.n to the true, faving,
body, all thofe perfections Jarring
int'refts of themfelves create. all queftion, firft, according
the acLtfipli/bment of a Helena; becaufe nature, Th' according mufick of a wrll.mixt (late. Pope. evangelical knowledge. It Ihould be acic,

in any individual perfon, makes nothing that

is
i'pcl, the
'
whole gofpel : not only according to
AOCO'RD. n.f. [accord, Fr.]
.:ii, but precepts : not only eccmting
in all its parts. to its
perfeft Dryden'i Dufrejn-y, Prif.
I. Acompaft; an agreement ; adjuftment
as, of a prophecy. fiec grace, but neceflary duties : not only accord-
2. Completion;
fuccefs of the apofrles preach-
of a difference. to Us mj fierier, but alfo its commandments.
The miraculous him ing
of nuny of their p'e- There was no means for to fatisfy all
.'v' f j.''j Scrmom*
ing, and the acctntplijbtr.cr.t
obligations to God man, and but to offer himfelf, Noble the fame that is built on candour and
dictioni, which, to thofe early Chriilians, wen; is
for a mediator of an accord and peace between lines of Sir
matters of faith only, are, to us, matters of fight ingenuity, according to thole beautiful
them. Bacon's Hen. Vll.
and experience. slticr/mry's
S,-rn:oi:s.
John Denham. Add'fi* t Spectator.
If both are fatisfy'd with this accord, With regard to.
t.
Embellifhment, elegance, ornament of Swear by the laws or knighthood on my fword.
j. God made all things in number, weight, and
mind or body. Dryd. Fab.
meafure, and gave them to be confideicJ by us ac-
Young heirs, and elder brothers, from their t. Concurrence, union of mind.
tcrding
to thefe properties, which are inherent in
own reflecting upon the eftatcs they a^e born to, and At laft fuch grac: I found and means I wrought, creatcJ beings. " '/ ' t* Time.
therefore thinking all other iccomplifintrnti unne- That I that la y to my (poufe had won, The
:

no manner of ufe. but to keep 3.

In proportion. following phrafe
celTary, arc cf A;nrdnf friends, confent of parents fought,
their families. A.'difcn, Sptliator,
NO 1:3. is, I think, vitious.
up Affiance made, my happinefs begun.
The adof obtaining or perfeaing any Sfafr'l Fairy Sluun.
A man may, with prudence and a good con-
4. of one
thcnifelves together, to n$ht fcicnce, approve of the profefled principles
thing; attainment; completion. They gathered
party
 A C C A C C A C C
had the fame rcafon to believe the hiftory of our
more than the other, according as he thinks J
. DiiHnftion, dignity, rank. which they
party Saviour, as that of any other perfon to
they piomote the good of
beft church and ftate. There fuch a peculiarity in Homer's manner
is
Man. themfelves were not actually eye-witneffcs, they
Swift's Church of England of apoftrophizingEumatus: it is generally applied,
were bound, by all the rules of hiftorical faith, and
ACCORDINGLY, adv. [from accord."] A- by that poet, only to men of account
and diftinc-
of right reafon, to give credit to this hiftory.
tion.
'

Pofe's Oiiyi/ey ;
. ...
greeably, fuitably, conformably. A va- Addijon.
As the' actions of men are of fundry diftinft .
reckoning verified by finding the
14. In law.
kinds, fo the laws thereof <r.uft accordingly be dif- lue of a thing equal to what it was ac- Account is, in the common law, taken for a writ
. ,
fhcd. tinker, b. i.
counted. or action brought againft a man, that, by means of
Sirrah, thou'rt faid ta have a ftubborn foul", Confidering the uftial motives of human acYions, office or bufinefs undertaken, is to render an ac-
this world
T apprehends no fuit'ier than ; which are pleafure, profit, and ambition, I cannot ccunt unto anothe> ; as a bailiff toward his m.iftei ,
And fquar'tt thy
life accord. ugly.
yet comprehend how thoi: perfont find ihe'n account a guardian to his ward. C-->w/.
Saak.lp. Mtffurefer Meaf. To ACCO'UNT. v.
Whoever is fo afiured of the authority an
in any of the three. Swift. [See ACCOUNT.]a.

of fcrirture, as to believe ths de<Rr;ue of it, anJ

. A reckoning referred to, or fum charg- 1 . To efteem, to think, to hold in opinion.
be laved. ed upon any particular perfon ; and That .ilfo was accounted a land of giants. Deut.
to live accci , fiull d:r.gh
Tilktfon's
.' thence, figuratively, regard; confedera- 2. To reckon, to compute.
Mealy fubftances, fermented, turn four. Ac- tion ; fake. Neither the motion of the moon, whereby
cordingly, given to a weak child, they ftill retain he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee aught,
If months ate computed, nor the fun, whereby years
fot bread will give them the cholk. Pbttaut, \. S. are accounted, confifteth of whole numbeis.
their nature ; put that on ray account.
Arbutbnot en Ailments- This muft be alv. ays remembered, that nothing Brown's Vulgar Errours.

To ACCO'ST. v. a. [accofter, Fr.] To can come into the account .f recreation, thut is not 3. To affign to, as a debt; with the parti-

done with delight. L^ciecn Education, ^ 197. cle to.

to addreis ; to falute,
fpeak to firft ; In matters \vhere his judgment led him to op- fum of
YJU miftake, knight: ascift her, front her, For fome years really accrued the yearly
pofe men on a public acccunt, he
would do it vigo- twohundred thoufand poundsto the king's cofier* :
board her, woo her, aflail her.
roufly and heartily. Atterbury's Sermons. and it was, in truth, the only project that was ac-
Sbakeff care's Twelfth Nigl-t. The aflertion is our Saviour's, though uttered counted to his own fervice. Clarendon.
Atlength, collecting a,l bis fcrpent wiles,
by him in the perfon of Abraham the father of the To hold in efteem ; with
\Vil/i footling words renew d, him thus accofls. 4. of.
faithful; who, on the account of that character, is
Farad. Reg. Silver was nothing accounted of in the days of
him I fu'd, I very tidy introduced. Attcrbury.
Solomon. '
Cbnn.
I fitft accofl-d :
fought, Thele tribunes kindled great diflenfions between
Aod, with a ijving force, to Pheneus brought.
the nobles and the commons, on the account of Co-
To ACCO'UNT. i/. a.
Dryd. AZneid. To
riolanus, a nobleman, whom the. Utter had im- 1. reckon.
ACCO'STABLE. adj. [from acco/i.] Eafy
of Athens and Rome. in The calendar months are likewife arbitrarily
peached. Swift's Court/is
accefs ; familiar. Not in ufe. Nothing can recommend itfelf to our love, on and unequally by the fame power; by
fettled

They were both indubitable, ftronj, and high- any other account, but either as it promotes our which months we, to this day, account, and they'
minded men, yet of f*eet anJ accrfable nature, prefent, or is a means to aflurc to us
a future hap- meafure and make up, that which we call the Ju-
almoft equally delghting in the prefs and affluence Rogers, Sermon v. lian year. Holder en Time.
pinefs.
of dependents and fuitors. ffotton.
Sempronius gives no thanks on account. Ms 2. To give an account, to aflign the caufes ;
ACCO'UNT. .
/ [from the old French in which fenfe it is followed by the par-
8. A narrative, relation in this ufe it
accompt, from computus, Lat. it was ori-
;
ticle for.
may feem to be derived from ctnte, Fr. If any one mould afk, why our general conti-
ginally written acczmpt, which fee ; but,
a tale, a narration. nued fo eafy to the lad ? Iknow no other way to
by foftening the pronuncia-
gradually that unmeafurable love of
9. The review or examination
of an affair account forit, but by
tion, in time the orthography changed
taken by authority ; as, the magiftrate wealth, which his beft friends allow to be his pre-
to accc-unt.] dominant paffion. Swift.
A computation took an account of the tumult.
.1 . of debts or expences ; a
Therefore is the kingdom of heaven likened 3. To make up the reckoning ; to anfwer;
regifterof fads relating to money. withyir.
unto king, which would take acccunt of
a certain
At many tirrrs I brought in my^r^?/;, his fervants and when he had begun to reckon, Then tliou (halt fee him plung'd, when leaft he
;
Laid them before you ; you would threw them off, one was brought unto him, which owed him ten fears,
And fay you found them in mine r. thoufand talents. Matt. xix. 23, 24. At once accounting for his deep arrears.
Khahifp. Timon. Dryd. Ju-v.Sat. xiii.
When my young mafter has once got the fkili 10. The relation and reafons of a tranfac-
They have no uneafy prefages of a future reckon-
of keeping accounts (which is a bufincf- of reaf >n tion given to a perfon in authority. ing, wherein the plealures they
now tafte mud be
more than arithmetic) erhaps it will not be amifs,; Whac need we fejr who knawi it, when none accounted for ; and may, perhaps, be outweighed
-n thenceforth require him to do our power r> account ? ' hold of them.
tha' can by the pains which (hall then lay
:

call
it in all his concernments. Locke on Educ. Atterbury's Sermon?*
Kbahffjtare's Macbeth.
2. The or refult of a computation
ftate ; Thetrue ground of morality can only be the
4. To appear as the medium, by which
will and U'.v er u Gcd who fees men in the dark,
as, \hcacccunt (lands thus between us. any thing may be explained.
Behoid this have 1 fi-.md, faith the Preacher, has in his hands reward' and punifhments, and
Such as have a faulty circulation through the;

by one, to find out the act

power enough t> call to account the pruudcft offen- becaufe
counting or.e
lungs, ought to eat very little at a time;
der. Lccti.
Ecdefivjlicus,
vii. 27. the increafe of the quantity of frefh chyie mult
Such a of perfons or things, as may
ftate 11. Explanation; afiignment of caufes. make that circulation ftill more uneafy ; which,
3.
It is eafy to give account, how it comes to pafs, and lome afth-
make them more or lefs worthy of being indeed, is the cafe of confumptivc
that though all men defire happinefs, yet their wills matic perfons, and accounts for the fymptoms they
confideredin the reckoning. Value, or them
fo contrari'y. Locke.
carry arc troubled with after eating.
citimation. It being, in cur author's account, a right acquired Arbutbnot on Aliments.
that they to-, k for their wives and
For the care by beg"tting, to rule over thofe he had begotten, it ACCO'UNTABLE. adj. [from account.] Of
their brethren and kinsfolks, 'was was- not a power poflible to be inherited, becaufe
in leal account with
'.n,
them : but the greatell and the right, being confequcnt to, and built on, an aft
whom an account may be required who ;

was mull anfwer for followed by the parti-

for the holy temple. perfccMy perfonal, made that power fo too, and
:
principal fear
2 MjCdlh. XV. 1?. impoffible to he inheiited. Locke. cle / before the perfon, and/iy before
Thit good affection, which things of fmrller ac- 12. An opinion previoufly eflabliflied. the thing.
< t :/'f have once fet on work, is by fo much the Thefc were deligned to join with the forces, at Accountable to none,
rn i ..
'/ raifed higher. Hooker, b. v. 35. fea, there being prepared a number of fiat-bottomed But to my confcience and my God alone.
fhould make more account of their judgment,
I
boats to tranfport the land forces under the \vin t; Oldbam.
who are men of fenfe, and yet have never touched of the great navy : for they made no account, but Thinking themfelves excufed from (landing
a pencil, than of the opinion given by the greatcft that the navy iliould be absolutely mafter of the upon their own legs, or being accountable for their
part of painters. Drydfn's Dufrefr. feas. Bacon's Conf.dcralions i War laitb Spain. own conduft, they very feldom trouble themfclves
'

4. Profit; advantage; to turn to account A prodigal young fellow, that had fold his with enquiries. Locke on Education.
is to produce advantage. clothes, upon the fight of a fwallow, made account The good magiftrate will make no diftinc~lion ;
We woui-i efUblilh our fouls in fuch a folid and that fummcrwas at hand, and away went I
for the judgment is Cod's; and he will look upon
:Uial virtue, as will turn to ac -uat in that
too. L'F.-flrargf,
Fiib. cxxvii. htmfrlf as accountable at his bar for the equity of
great day, when it muft (land the te'l of infinite 13. The reafcns of any thing collected. it. Atterbury's Sci-jnens.
wifdom and juftice. Add. Sfeil. N 1
"
399- Being convinced, upon all aaounts t that they ACCOU'NTANT.<J<#. [from account.] Ac-
D 2 countable
 A C C A C C A C C
countable to; refponfible for. Not in ait of to another, Co as to in lie at the table, according to the ancient
growing
ufe. creafe it. manner. Did,
His offence is Co, as it appears Plants do nourifh ; inanimate bodies do not ACCU'MBENT. adj. \_accumbens, Lat.]
Aic.Mr.:ant la the law upon that pain. they have an accreticn, but no
alimcn
B*K*'tXat.H. N6ct. Leaning.
Stak-ff. Meaf.forMcaf. The Roman recumbent, or, more properly, ac-
1 love her too, The charges feem to be effected by the cxhalin euir.bent pofture in eating, was introduced alter the
Not out of abfolute luft (though, peradventure, of the mo:flare, which may leave the tinging cor
Arbutbaot or CMS.
firlt Punic war.
I ftand accountant for as great a fin) more denff, and fomcihing augmented b'
But partly led to diet my
revenge.
pufcles
the accrttitn of the oily and earthy parts of tha
To ACCUMULATE. <v. a. [from accu-

Sbaieffeare's Othello moifture. Nr.vtw's Ofi'ics mulc, LaR] To heap one thing upon an-
ACCO'UNTANT. Infants fupport abftinenceworft, from thecjuan other to pile up, to heap together. It
[See ACCOMPT-
. ;
/.
tity of aliment confumcd in accrrtion. ufed either literally, as, to accumulate
ANT.] A
is
computer ; a man Called or Arbutl-n'A cr Ailments
employed in accounts. ACCRE'TIVE. Grow- money ; or figuratively, as, to accumu-
The different compute ef divers dates the (hor
adj. [ from accretion. ] late merit or wickednefs.
;
and irreconcileable years of fome ; the exceeding ing ;that which by growth is added. It thou doft (lander her, and torture me,

errour in the natural frame of others ; and the If the motion be very flow, we perceive it not Never pray more ; abandon ail remoric;
falfe dedu&bni of we have no fenfe of the accretive motion of plant On horrors head horrors accumulate
ordinary accountants in moft. ;
and animals and the fly fhadow Heals away upoi
:
For nothing canft thou to damnation add.
Brown*} Vulgar Errours
the dial j and the quickcft eye can difcover m
ACCO'UNT-BOOK. n.f. A book contain- more but that it is gone. Glamitlle's Scrfjis Cruflit by imaginary treafons weight,
Sbakeff. Otbetlf.

ing accounts. To ACCRO'ACH. -v. a. Fr/ Which too much merit did accumulatt.
1would endeavour to comfort myfelf upon the [accrocber,
lofsof friends, as I do upon the lofs of money ; Todrawto one as with a hook to gripe ;
Sir John Dentair.
to draw away by degrees what is ano- ACCUMULATION, n.f. [from accumu-
by turning to my account-took, and feeing whether
I have enough left for
my fupport. Swift. ther's. late]
ACCO'UNTINC. ACCRO'ACHMENT. n.f. [from 1. The aft of accumulating.
n.f. [from account.] The accroach.
One
aft of reckoning, or The aft of accroaching. Dia. of my place in Syria, his lieutenant,
making up of ac- For quick accumulation of renown,
counts. To ACCRU'E. -v. n. [from the participle Which he atchiev'd by th' minute, loft his favour.
This method faithfully obfervcd, mud keep a accru, formed fromaccrcitrc, Fr.] Sbakeff eare's Antony and Cleopatra,
man from breaking, or running behind-hand in
1. To accede to, to be added to ; as, a Some, perhaps, might otherwife wonder at fuch
his fpiritual eftate; which, without frequent ac- an accumulation of benefits, like a kind of embroi-
natural production or effeft, without any
.unt:t:gi, he will hardly be able to prevent. dering, or lifting of one favour upon another.
South' j Sermons. particular refpeft to good or ill. fPoltcit,
To ACCO'UPLE. i>. a. To The Son of God, by his incarnation, hath 2. The ftate of being accumulated.
[accoupler, Fr.]
to link together. We now ufe changed the manner of that perfonal fubfiftence ;
the regular returns of fome people, and
in
join, no alteration thereby accruing to the nature of God. By it
their freedom from it after the morbid matter ii
couple. Hooker, b. v. 54.
He fcnt a folemn embaflage to treat a peace exhaufted, it looks as there were regular accu-
and league with the king;
2. To be added, as an advantage or im- mulations and gatherings of it, as of other hu-
acctmfling it with an
article in the nature of a
requeft.
provement, in a fenfe inclining to good mours in the body. Arbutbnot on Diet,
KtMfr flMryVII. rather than ill ; in which meaning it is ACCUMULATIVE, adj. [from accumu-
To ACCO'URAGE. -v. a. [Ofafolete. See more frequently ufed by later authors, late.-}
From which compact there arifing an obligation
COURAGE.] To animate. 1. That which accumulates.
That forward pair /he ever would afTuage, upon every one, fo to convey his meaning, there 2. That which is accumulated.
When accrues alfo a right to every one, by the fame figns,
they would ftrive due reafon to exceed ; If the injury meet not with mceknefs, it then
But that fame froward twain would to judge of the fenfe or meaning of the perfon fo
accourage, South' sSirmom. acquires another accumulative guilt, and Itands
And of her plenty add unto her need. obliged to exprefs himfelf. anfwerablc not only for its own pofltive ill, but
Let the evidence of fuch a particular miracle be
Fairy Queen, b. ii. c. 2. for all the accidental, which it caufes in the fuf-
never fo bright and clear, yet it is ftill but particu-
To ACCO'URT. a. [See To
fercr. Government of tbe Tongue,
-v.
COURT.] lar ; and muft therefore want that kind of force,
ACCUMULATOR,
To entertain with courtlhip, or
courtefy ; that degree of influence, which accrues to a ftand- n.f. [from accumulate.]
a word now not in ufe. ing general proof, from its having been tried or
He that accumulates ;
a gatherer or
Who all this while were at their wanton reft, approved, and confented to, by men of all ranks heaper together.
and capacities, of all tempers and interefts, of all
Jcccurting each her friend with lavilh feaft. Injuries may fall upon the paflive man, yet,
ages and nations. Atterbury's Sermons. without revenge, there would be no broils and
Fairy Queen.
To ACCO'UTRE. v . a. 3. To append to, or arife from : as, an ill quarrels, the great accumulators and multipliers of
[accoutrer, Fr.] Decay of Piety,
To drefs, to equip. confequence ; this fenfe feems to be lefs injuries.

Is it for this they ftu proper. A'CCURACY. n.f. [accuratio, Lat.] Ex-
dy ? to grow pale,
And mifs the plealurcs of a
glorious meal ?"
His fcholar Ariftotle, as in many other parti- aftncfs, nicety.
For thin, in rags accoutred are they fren, culars, folikewifein this, did juftly oppofc'him, and This perfect artince and accuracy might have
And made the May-game of the public fpleen ? became one of the authors ; choofing a certain be- been omitted, and yet they have made fliift to
Drydtn.
nefit, before the hazard that might accrue from in ove. More.
the difrefpefts of ignorant pcrfons. Wtlkitu. Qmcknefs of imagination is feen in the inven-
ACCO'UTRE M EN r.n. /.[accoutrement, $r.]
4. In a commercial fenfe, to be produced, tion, fertility in the fancy, and the accuracy in
Drefs, equipage, furniture relating to the cxprdfi.ui.
or arife ; as, profits. Drydtn.
the perfon ; trappings, ornaments. The man who hath the ftupid ignorance, or
The yearly benefit that, out of thofe his works,
I profefs requital to a hair's breadth not only hardened effrontery ! to inlult the revealed will of
j accruetb to her majefty, amounteth to one thoufa.id
in the fitrple onHcc of love, but in all the acccttre- God or the petulant conceit to turn it into ridi-
pounds. Carciv's Surv. ;

mtnt, complement, and ceremony of it. The great profits which have accrued to the duke cule ; or the arrogance to make his own per-
Sbil-ff care's Merry Wmes cfWindfor. of Florence from his free port, have fet feveral of fections the mcafurc of the Divinity ; or, at beft,
Chriftianity is loft among them in the trappings that can collate a text, or quote an authority ,
the ftates of Italy on the fame fubjeft.
and accoutrements of it; with which, inftead of with an infipid accuracy ; or demonstrate a plain
cr.
Addifon Italy.
adorning religion, they have ftrangely difguifed it,
To a vitious proportion, in all formality; thcfe now are the
and quite ftiflcd it in the crowd of external rites 5. follow, as lofs ; ufe.
only men worth mentioning. Delany,
and ceremonies. The benefit or lofs of fuch a trade accruing to
We confider the uniformity of the whole de-
Tillotfon, Srrman xxviii. the government, until it comes to take root in the
1 have fccn the of the and ik'.li in re-
pope officiate at St.. Peter's, fign, accuracy calculations,
nation. Temple's Mifc.
where, for two hours together, he was bufied in ftoring and comparing pailages of ancient au-
putting nn or off his different accnutrtmnii, accord- ACCUBA'TION. ./. [from accuto, to lie thors. Arbntlr.a tin Coins,
ing ta the different parts he was to aft in them. down Lat.] The ancient pofture of
to,
A'CCURATE. [accurate, Lat.]
adj.
Aildifon, SfeUatar, NIOI.
How gay with all th' accoutrement t of war, leaning at meals. j. Exiift, as oppolcd to negligence or ig-
It will appear, that accu/>arhn, or lying down at
The Britons come, with gold well-fraught norance, applied to pcrlons.
they meals, was a gefture ufed by very many nations.
come. z. Exaft, without defect or failure, ap-
pi.;j, Breton's l^ttl^ar Errwrs.
ACCRETION. *./. [actntit, Lat.] The To ACCV'.MB, v. a. [accumbo, L.M.] To plied to things.
No
 A C C A C C ACE
Xo man
living has made more accurate tri- competent judge, in order to inflicl fome ACCU'STOMABLY. adii. According to
als than Reaumure, that brighteir. ornament of cuftom.
France. 'judgment on the guilty perfon.
Colfin.
Parergon. Touching the king's fines accuftmally paid for
Deternrfiiate ; precifely fixed. Aylijfe's the purchafing of writs original, I find no certain
3.
Thole conceive the celeftial bodies have more
ACCUSATIVE, adj. \acc.ufati<vus,'Ltt..~\ A beginning of them, and do therefore think that
accurate influences upon thefe things below, than
term of grammar, fignifying the rela-
they grew up with the chancery.
indeed they have but in gro. . Bactm. tion of the noun, on which the aftion Bacon'! Alienation,
ACCURATELY, ad-v. [from accurate."]In implied in the verb terminates. ACCU'STOMANCE. n.f. [accoutumance,Fr.]
an accurate manner ; exaftly, without ACCU'SATORY. adj. [from accufej] That Cuflom, habit, ufe.
errour, nicely. which produceth or containeth an accu- accuftomance and negligence, and per-
Through
The fine of incidence is either accurately, or fation. haps fome other caufes, we neither feel it in our
own bodies, nor take notice of it in others.
very nearly, in a given ratio to the fine of refrac- In a charge of adultery, the accufer ought to Boyle,
tion. Niivtv:. ACCU'STOM ARIL Y. ad<v. In a cuftomary
accujatiry libel, fome certain
fet forth, in the and
That all thefe difhnces, motions, and quan- manner common
definite time. Ayliffe. ; according to or cuf-
tities of matter, (hould be fo accuratdy an.<
To ACCU'SE. ^. a. [accufo, Lat.] tomary practice.
harmonioufly adjufted in this great variety of cur Go on, rlietorick, and
n, U above the fortuitous hitsof blind matt-rial
I. To charge with a crime. It requires expofe the peculiar emi-
nency which you accujiomarily marfhal before logic
caules, and mud certainly flow from that ctcrr.a. the particle of before the fubjeft of ac-
to public view. Cleavcland.
fountain of wifdom* Ben:!}'. cufation.
He
ACCU'STOM A RY. [from acciiftom.]
adj.
A'CCURATENESS. n.f. [from accurate.'] ftripp'd the bears-foot of its
leafy growth ;
Ufual, praftifed ; according to cuftom.
Exaftnefs, nicety. And, calling weftern winds, accused the fpring of
But Icmetime after,
(loth. Dryden's Virgil.
ACCU'STOMED. adj. [from accuftom.~\ Ac-
fufpccl'ng that in making
this obfervation I had nut determined the diame-
The profeflbrs are accused 5/all the ill
practices cording to cullom ; frequent ; ufua],
which may feem to be the ill
confluences of their Luok how flie rubs her hands. IK is an ac~
ter of the fphtre with futikient accuratr.?fs I re- t

peated the experiment. Nru:tcn. principles. Addifon, euftomed action with her, to feem thus wafliing her
Z. It fometimes admits the particle/or. hands : I have known her continue in this a quar-
To ACCU'RSE. -v. a. [See CURSE.] To Ne\er f.-nd up a K-g of a fowl at fupper, while ter of an hour* s Macbeth.
Sbakefyeare
doom to mifery ; to invoke mifery upon
there is a cat or dog in the houte, that can be ac- ACE. n.f. {As not only fignified a piece
any one. cufed fr lun. ling away with it: But, if there of money, but any integer, from whence
As if it were an unlucky comet, or as if God happen to be neither, you mutt, lay it upon the rats,
is derived the word ace, or unit. Thus
had fo accurftd it, that it Ihould never fhine to or a llrange greyhoaada Swift.
give light in things concerning our duty any way To blame or cenfure, in oppofition to At fignified the whole inheritance. Ar-
3.
to'.vardahim. tinker. butbnot on Coins.]
When Hildebrand accurfed and cart down from applsufe or justification.
IV. there were none fo hardy as 'I't-. :e bearing witnefs, and their
I. An unit; a fmgle point on cards or
his throne Henry
to defend their lord. Sir Walter Raleigh's EJ/'ays. thoughts the mesa while accttpng or clfe excufing dice.
one another. Ran. ;i. 15. When lots are (nuffled together in a lap, urn, or
ACCU'RSED. fart. adj. Vour valour would your (loth too much accufe, pitcher; or if a man bli.idfold carts a die, what
That which is curfed or doomed to And therefore, like thc;,ifclvcs, they princes choofe. reafon in the world can he have to prefume, that
Dryden's Tyrtrfixick Love. he (hall draw a white ftone rather than a black, or
mifery.
"f is the moft certain fign the world'! accurjt, ACCU'SER. n.f. [from accuje."] He that throw an ace rather than a fife ? South.
That the beft things corrupted are and word.
brings a charge againft another.
I. A fmall quantity; a particle; an atom.
Dcnbam. There are fome pcrfons forbidden to be accvfen,
He will not bate an act of abfolute certainty ;
That which deferves the curfe on the fcore of their fex, as women ; others, of but however doubtful or improbable the thing is,
2. ; ex-
ecrable hateful detefiabie their a^e, as pupils and ir.jants ; othr. ib, Ujton the coming from him it mutt go for an indifputable
; ; and, by
;
truth. Government of the tongue .
account of fome crimes committed by them; and
confequence, wicked ; malignant. others, on the fcore of fome filthy lucre they pro- I'll not wag an act farther; the whole world
A fwift bli ;

I j gain thereby } others, on the fcore of their (hail not bribe me to it.
Dryden's Sfanijb Frier*.
May foon return to this our lurrrring country,
'.ons, a; libertines againlr their patrons ; and ACE'PHALOUS. adj. [axi'ipaA-, Gr.] With-
Under a hand accurt'd! Sb^krptarii .' others, trtrou^i a fufpicion uf calumny, us having out a head. Diff.
The chief part of the T::| y .n v. once already given falfe evidence ; and, laftly,
and thofe acctrtd fpiriUj tl -
ACE'RB. adj. Lat.] Acid, with
[acerltus,
i on account of their
;

poverty, as not being

they are of a difpofition contrary to God. '/ worth more than fifty lurei. an Addition of roughnefs, as moft fruits
Ayliffes Parergon.
They, like the feed from which they ij That good man, who drank the pois'nous are before they are ripe.
iguincj.
accurft,
immortal ha'rd nurfr.
draught, ACE'RBITY. n.f. \acerbitas, Lat.]
Againft the g >ds /
With mind ferene, and could not wim to fee
ACCU'SABLE. adj. [from the verb accujt ] . His vile accuser drank as deep as he.
1 . A rough four tafte.
Drydcn.
That which may be centered blame- ;
If the perfon accufed maketh his innocence
2.
Applied to men, fharpnefs of temper ;

able ; culpable. plainly to appear upon his trial, the accujer is im- feverity.
mediately put to an ignominious death; and, out True it is, that the talents for criticifm, namely,
There would be a manifest defect, and Nature's
of his goods and lands, the inr.jccnt perfon is fmartnefs, quick cenfure, vivacity of remark, in-
Improviiion we: juftly ac cufable ; it animals, fo
deed all but acerbity, fccm rather the gifts of youth
:t unto d'.leafes from bilious caatea, fhould quadruply recompenfed. Gulliver's Travels.
than of old age.
want a proper conveyance for choler. To ACCU'STOM. <u. a.
[acccutumcr, Fr.]
Popt.
Brvwn'i Vulgar ErrQun. To habituate, to enure, with the par-
To ACE'RVATE. it. a. [acervo, Lat.]
ACCOSA'TION. n.f. [from ticle to. It is ufed chiefly of perfons. To heap up. Difl.
accu/e.]
1. The aft of accufmg. How (hallwe breathe in other air ACERVA'TION. n.f. [from acervate.] The
Thus Lefs pure, actufam* d to immoitul fruit; ? MUten. aft of
heaping together.
they in mutual occupation fpent
It has been fome
The fruitlcfs hours, but neither felf-condemning, advantage to accujl^m one's ACE'RVOSE. adj. Full of heaps. Dili.
And of their vain conteft appear'd no end. Milf.n. felf to bcoks of the fame edition.
ACE'SCENT. adj. [ace/cens, Lat.] That
The /^iir/j'j Improvement of the Mind.
2. charge brought againft any one which has a tendency to fournefs or aci.
To ACC'USTOM. 11. n. To be wont to do
by the accufer. dity.
You read any thing. Obfolete. The fame perfons, perhaps, had enjoyed thr'r
Theft aciufat'mts,and thefe grievous crimes A boat over-freighted funk, and all drowned, health as well with a mixture of anim.ll dipt, qua-
nittcd by your perfoo, and your followers. ; one woman, that in her firft pivpping up lifiedwith a furh'cicnt quantity of acefctnts; as,
Sbakefftcare. again, which moft living things accujicm, got hold bread, vinegar, and fermented liquors.
All accufetkn, in the very nature of the thing, of the boat. Carrzv. slrbuibnot on Aliments.
ftiil
fuppofing, and being founded upon fome law: ACCU'STOMAELE. adj. [from accuftom,~\ ACETO'SE. That which has in it
fcr where there is r.o law, there can be no trani- adj. any
Of long caltom or habit ; habitual, Dift.
jreffion ; and where there can be no tranfjredijn, thing four.
I am fure there ought to be no accufatir,n. cuftornary.
Animals even of the fame original, extraction,
ACETO'SITY. n.f. [from acitofe.'] The
ftate of being acetoie, or of containing
and fpccies, may be divernSed by accujhmablc r-:-
3. [In the fenfe of the courts.] A decla- fidencc in one ciirnau , from what they are in ano-
1 fournefs. Difl.
ration of fome crime preferred before a ther. Halt's Qrigiii o ACE'TOUS, adj. [from acetma, vinegar,
Lat.]
 A C II A C K AGO
Lat.] Having the quality of vinegar ; A'CID. adj. [acidut, Lat. atidt, Fr.] Sour,
He has (hewn his h:ro acknowledging and un-
four. grateful, c :u, itii >rut.: and hard-hearted ; but, at
(harp. the bottom, fickle and (elf-intended.
Raiuni, which confift chiefly of the juice of W]|J trees hft longer than garden trees; anil
grapes, infpillaied in the (kins or hulks by the in the fame kind, thole whofe fruit is a*iJ mjic t
Drydcns Virgil.
a\t.jation of the fupeifluousmoifture through their than thofc whofe fruit is fweet. Ac K N O'WL E o c M E N T .
n.f. [from acknow-
pores, bung diliilled in a retort, did not afford Bacon't Natural Hifl'.ry. ledge.]
any vinous, but rather an acetous fpirit. Boyle. Acid, or four, proceeds from a fait of the fame 1. Conccfllon of any character in ano-
Ac HE. n.f. [ace, Sax. ax&'t Gr. now ge- nature, without mixture of oil ; in auftere taftes ther as, exiftence, fuperiority.
;
the oily parts have not difentangled themfclves
nerally written ate, and in the plural The due contemplation of the human nature
from the (alts and earthy parts ; loch "u the tafte
akes, of one fy liable; the primitive man- of unripe fruits. doth, by a neceffaiy connexion and chain of
Arbuibnot sr. Aliments.
ner being preferved chiefly in poetry, caufcs, carry us up to the unavoidable acknow-
Liquors and fubttanccs are called tic'uis, which
for the fake of the meafure.] con- A ledgment of the Doit)- ; becaule it carries ewiy
being compofed of pointed particles, affect the
tafte in a {harp and The >m thinking man to an original of every fucceffivc in-
tinued pain. See ARE. piercing manner. ;.

dividual. Halt's Origin tf Mar.kinJ*

rack thee with o'd cramps;
I'll
mon way of trying, whettur any particular li<j;ioi
hath in it any particles of this kind, is by mix- 2. Conceffion of the truth of any
Fill all thy bones with atbts, make thec roar pofi-
'1
'

tremble at thy din.

.t beajis (hall ing it with fyrup of violets, when it will turn o{ tion.
Sbakefpeart.
A
coming (how'r your (hooting corns prelage,
a ted colour; but if it contains alkal'ne or lix-'via;
Immediately upon the ackncivledgment of the
Old aches will throb, your hollow tooth will rage. particles, it changes that fyrup green. Quincy. cbriftian faith, the eunuch was baptized by Philip.
S'w'-ft.
ACI'DITY. n.f. [from acid.'] The quality Hvckcr.
To ACHE. v. a. [See ACHE.] To be in of being acid ; an acid tafte ; ftiarpnefs ; 3. Confeflion of a fault.
pain. fournefs. 4. Confeffion of a benefit received ; gra-
Upon our fenfcs are dulled and
this account, Fifties, by the help of a diiTblvent liquor, cor- titude.
fper.t by any extraordinary intention, and our very rode and reduce theif~meat, (kin, bones, and all,
5. Aft of atteftation to any conceffion ;
into a chylus or cremor ; and yet this
eyes will acbe, if long fixed upon any difficultly liquor ma- fuch as homage.
difcerr.ed object. nife 's nothing of
Gi." acidity to .he p.lte. iv.
When There be many wide countries in Ireland, in
To ACHI'EVE. ?. a. [achever, Fr. to the tafte of the mouth is bitter, it is a
of a redundance of a bilious alkali, and de- wh'ch the laws of England were never ellabliincd,
fign
complete.] mands a quite different diet from the cafe of aci- nor any acknowledgment of fubjedtion made.
1. To perform, to finilh a defign pro- Kpcnjcr's StJtecf Ireland,
dity or fournefs. Arbvti-nnt on Aliirer.n.
fpcroufly. A'CIDNESS. [froma^V.] Thequality
n.f.
6.
Something given or done in confefliou
Our toils, rr.y friends, are crown'd with furc fuc-
of being acid; acidity. See ACIDITV. of a benefit received.
cefs :

ACI'DULjE. The fecond is an acknowledgment to his m.i-

The greater par; perform'd, achieve the lefs.
Dryd. n.f. [that is, aqute acidulet.']
Medicinal je(ry for the leave of filhing upon his coafts ; and
2. To gain, to obtain. fprings impregnated with
though this may not be grounded upon any treaty,
Experience is
by induftry, achieved, fharp particles, as all the nitrous, chaly- yet, if it appear to be an ancient right on our fide,
And perfected by the fwift couife of time. Sbalcff. beate, and alum fprings are. and cuftom on theirs, not determined or cx-
putney.
Tranio, 1 burn, I pine, 1 pcriin, Tranio, The ac\dula t or medical Iprings, emit a greater tinguiflied by any treaty between us, it may with
li" I achieve not this
young modcft giil. quantity of their minerals than ufual ; and even juftice be inlifted on. Temple's Mifccilaniis,
the ordinary fprings, which \ve-e before
Thou
Shakifpearc.
haft achicv'd our liberty, conrin d
clear, A'CME. n.f. [*,, Gr.] The height of
frefh,and limpid, become thick and turbid, and
"Within hell-gates till now. Milton. are impregnated with fulphur and other mine- any thing ; more
efpecially ufed to
Show all the fpoils by valiant kings achieved, rals, as long as the earthquake lafts.
denote the height of a diftcmper, which
And groaning nations by their arms reliev'd. Prior, Wwd'Ward'i Natural Hy?t,ry is divided into four i. The
periods,
ACHI'EVER. n.f. He that performs ; he To AGI'DULATE. v. a. \_acidulcr, Fri] arche, the beginning or firft attack.
that obtains what he endeavours after. To impregnate or tinge with acids in a 2. Analajis, the growth. 3.Acme, the
A
viftory is twice itfelf, when the achiever which is the
flight degree. height. And, 4. P,n;.u-ie,
brings home full numbers. Adiet of freih unfaltcd things, declenfion of the dillemper.
watery liquors i^uincj.
Sbakefpeare's Much edo ab'.ut Nctb':r.e. :
dc di<Ii'.rcti, farinaceous emollient fubftances, four
ACHIEVEMENT, milk, butter, and acid fruits.
ACO'LOTHIST. n.f. [ax.oXsSi'w, Gr.] One
n.f, \achevement, Fr.]
of the lowelt order in the Romim church,
1. The performance of an acKon. Arlu'.bna on Aliments.
From every coaft that heaven walks about, To whofe office is to prepare the elements
ACKNOWLEDGE. a. <v.
[a word
Have thither come the noble martial crew, as
formed, between it feems, the Latin for the offices, to light the church, &c.
That .famous hard achievements ftill purfue. and Englilh, from agnofca, and know- It duty, according to t!^: p-;^i i-iw,
is

Fairy Queen. the BinSnp lir.gs mais, to ord(r ail the i-

The efcutcheon, or ledge, which is deduced from the Saxon clergy to appear in their pioper hab'ts ; an
2. enfigns armorial,
cnapan, to t'm Jl the officei of the cha.
granted to any man for the performance kno*w.'\

of great actions.
1. To own the knowledge of; to own any formed ;
to ordain the :,

veiTels.
Then (hali the war, and ftern debate, and ftrite thi.ig or perfon in a particular cha-
Immortal, be the bus'nefs of r.iy life; racter. A'COLYTE. n.f. The fame with ACOLO-
And in thy fame, the dufty fpoils among, My people do already known my mind, TH1ST.
High on the burniih'd ruof, my banner (hall be And will uckncwicd-2 you nnd JilTica, A'CONITE. n.f. [aconitum, Lat.] Properly
hung; In place of lord Bailjiiic) at d
ntyle:f. Sbakefpeare. the herb wolfs-bane, but commonly ufed
Rank'd with my champion's bucklers, and below, None that acknmvicdge Cod, or providence,
With arms revcrs'd, th' act'uv. meats of the foe. Their fouls eternity aid ever doubt. Daviis. in poetical language for poilon in ge-
Dryden. 2. To confcfs ; as, a fault. neral.
Achievement, in the firft fenfe, is derived For 1
my and Our hind is from the rage of tygers freed,
acknowledge, tunfgreffions ; my
from achieve, as it fignifies to perform fin is ever before me. li. Nor nourishes the lion's angry i

; Pfa.'n 3.

in the fecond, from achieve, as it im- 3. To own ; as, a benefit ; fometimes Nor -oh.'nou- J<:cii:te is here produced,
;

with the particle to before the Or giov>s unknown, or is, uhcii known, refused*
ports to gcijt. perfon Drydt**
A'CHING. n.f. [from ache."] Pain; un- conferring the benefit. Defpair, that aconite docs prove,
His f, irit And certain death to 01
eafinefs.
When old age comes to wa't upon a great and Taught them ;
but they his gifts acknvwlei'.gd Tli:it poifon never yet withrtotd,
not. Milton. Docs nourim mine, and turns to blood.
it comes atiended with many
worfliipful finner, In the' firft I
thankfully ac-
place, therefore, Grani-]l'f.
painful girds and actings, called the gout. South.
fdge to the Almighty power the affiftar.cc. he A'CORN.
A'CHOR. n.f. [acblr, Lat. i^, Gr./ur- has given me in the beginning, and the n.f. [JEctpn, Sax. from ac, an
profecu-
oak, and copn, corn or grain ; that is,
fur.] A fpecies of the herpes ; it appears
tion of my prcfent ftudies.
Drydcr.
with a crufty fcab, which caufe^ an itch- ACKNOWLEDGING, the grain or fruit of the oak.] The feed
adj.[from acknow-
or fruit born by the oak.
ing on the furface of the head, occa- ledge.] Grateful ; ready to acknowledge
Errourii, fuch as are but acorr.s in our younger
fioned by a fait ftiarp ferum oozing benefits received. A G^llicifm, recon- brows, grow oalti iu our older heads, and become.
through the fkin. i^/incj/. noij/ant. inflexible. .
Brnnn.
4 Content
 A C A C Q^ A C
Content with food which nature freely bred| keep one of my letters, and compare it with my 3. Submiffion, confidence.
On wildings and on ftrawberries they fed ;
face ;
for my face and letters are counterparts of The greateft part of the world take up their per-
Cornels and bramble-berries gave the reft, my heart. Swift to Pope. fuafions concerning good and evil, by an implicit
And falling acwra furnifli a out a fealt. A long noviciate of acquaintance mould precede faith, and a full
acqu'iefcence
in the word of thofe,
Dryden's Ovid. the vows of friendfhip. Bolinghroke. who them under thefe cha-
fliall
rcprefent things to
He that is nourifhed by the acorns he picked up 4. The perfon with whom we are ac- racters. -
South.
he gathered from the
quainted ; him of whom we have fome
under an oak, or the apples
ACO^UI'RABLE. [from acquire. That
adj. "\
trees in the wood, has certainly appropriated them
Licit. knowledge, without the intimacy of which may be acquired or obtained ;
to himfelf.
friendmip. attainable.
A'co R NED. adj. [from acorn.} Stored with Thofe rational
In this fenfe, the plural is, in fome inrtir.fis, the connate principles
acorns.
authors, acquaintance, in Others acquain- engraven in the human foul, though they are truths
Like a full scorn' J boar. Staleffeare.
acquirable and deducible by rational cor.fequence
tances.
ACO'USTICKS. n.f. [Axfcrix*,of axaa, Gr. and argumentation, yet feem to be inferibed in the
But (he, all vow'd unto the red-crofs knight,
to hear.] very crafis and texiute of the foul, antecedent to
His wand'ring peril clofely did lament,
r. The doflrine or thcorv of founds. any acqui(ition by induftry or the exercife of ths
Ne in this new
acquaintance could delight, difcurfive faculty in man.
2. Medicines to help the hearing. >uincy. But her dear heart with anguifli did torment. Hole's Origin of Mankind.
To ACQUATNT. i>. a.
[accointer, Fr.] Fairy S^ueen. If the powers of cogitation and volition, and
To make familiar with; applied either That young men travel under fome tutor, I
1. fenfation, are neither inherent in matter as fach,
allow well, fo that he be fuch a one that may be nor acqu'irable to matter by any motion or modifi-
to perfons or things. It has 'with before
able to tell them what acquaintances they are to
cation of it ; it necefl'arily follows, that they pro-
the objeft. feek, what exercifes or discipline the place yieldeth. ceed from fome cogitative fubltance, fome incor-
We that acju.:im ourfelves -witi ev'ry zone, Bacon.
poreal inhabitant within us, which we call fpirit
And pafs thj tropicks, and behold each pole j This, lord, has juftly acquired you as many
my and foul.
When we come home, are to ourfelves unknown, Bcntley.
friends, as there are perfons who have the honour
And unacquainted ftill with our own foul. to be known to you ; mere acquaintance you have
To ACQUTRE. v. a. [acqtierir, Fr. ac-
Davits. Lat.]
none, you have drawn them all into a nearer line ; qtiiro,
There -with thec, new welcome faint, and they who have converfed with you, are forever 1. To gain by one's own labour or power ;
Like fortunes may her foul acquaint. Milton. after inviolably yours. Dryden. to obtain what is not received from na-
Before a man can fpeak n any fubjet, it is We fee he isa(hamed of his nearefl acquaintances.
ture, or tranfmitted by inheritance.
neceflary to be acquainted -with
it.
Boyle againjt Bentley. Better to leave undone, than by our deed
Lo.ke tm Education.
tuitb things ancient and ACOJJA'INTED. adj. [from acquaint.] Fa- Acquire too high a fame, while he, we ferve, *a
Acquaint yourfelves
miliar, well known ; not new. away. Stakeff. Antony and Cleopatra.
modern, natural, civil, and religious, domcftic and
of own and foreign countries; Now callwe our high court of parliament ; 2. To come to ; to attain.
national; things your
That war or peace, or both at once may be
and, above all, be well acquainted with God and
Motion cannot be perceived without the pcrcep,
learn animal nature, and the workings
As things acquainted and familiar to us. Slakeff. tion of its terms, viz. the parts of fpace which it
yourfelves;

of your own Watts': Lofick. ACQJJ E'ST. n.f. \acquejt, Fr. fromacqucrir, immediately left, and thofe which it next acquires.
fpirits.

2. To inform. With is more in ufe before written by fome acquift, with a view to Glanvillc^s
Scepjis.

the objeft than tf. the vtor& acquire, or acquijita.'] Attach- AcQjJi'RED./ar//V//>. adj. [
from ac quire. ]
But for fome other reafons, my grave Sir, ment, acquilition ; the thing gained. Gained by one's felf, in oppofitioa to
Which is not you know,
fit I not acquaint New acquijls are more burden than Itrength. thofe things which are bellowed by na-
My father c/this bufmefs. Bacon. ture.
Sbakefptar,', Twelfth Nigtt. Mud, repofed near the oftea of rivers, makes We are feldom at eafe, and free enough from
A friend in the country acquaints me, that two continual additions to the land, thereby excluding the felicitation of our natural or adopted defires ;
or three men of the town are got among them, and the fea, and preferving thefe (hells as trophies and but a corjftarit fucccllion of uneafimffcs, out of
have brought words and phratcs, which were never figns of its new acqucf.s and encroachments. that ftock, which natural wants, or
Taller. acquired habits,
before in thofe parts. have heaped up, take the will in their turns.
ACQUAINTANCE, n.f. [accointance, Fr.] To ACQUIESCE. ^. n. [acquiefcer, Fr. Locks.
1. The of being acquainted with;
flate
acquiejcere, Lat.] To
reit in, or remain
ACQJJI'RER. n.f. [from acquire.} The
It is applied fatisfied with, without oppofition or dif-
familiarity, knowledge. perfon that acquires ; a gainer.
as well to perfons as things, with the content. It has in before the objeh A c Qjr I'REMENT. n.f. [ from acquire. ] That
-with. Others will, upon account of the receivednefs which is acquired ; gain ; attainment.
particle
Nor was his acquaintance lefs with the fimr .u of the propofed opinion, think it rather worthy to
noblemen and ladies.
;

b? examined than acquiefced in.

The word may be properly ufed in op-
poets of hi age, than wilt the Boyle.
Dr-jden. Ne.ther a bare approbation of, nor a mere wifli- pofuion to the gifts of nature.
Our admiration of a famous man IcITens nor unaclive in nor, laftly, a Thefe his acquirements, liy induftry, were ex-
upon ing, complacency ;

our nearer acquaintance with him ; and wr feldorr. natural inclination to things virtuous and good, ceedingly both enriched and enlarged by many
can pafs before God for a min's willing of fuch excellent endowments of nature.
hear of a celebrated perfon, without a catalogue ol
fome notorious wealcneflTen and infirmities. things ; and, confequently, if men, upon this ac H.iyward an Edward VI.
Addifon. count, will needs take up and acquitjct in an air By a content and acquiescence in every fpecies
Would we be admitted into an atquaintancetvitb ungrounded perfuafion, ti,at they will thofe things of truth, we embrace the flindow thereof ; or fo
We much as may palliate itsjuft and fubllantial ac-
Cod, let us ftudy to refemble him. mult be which really they nut will, tlicy fall thereby into a
of a divine nature, in order to partake or grofs and fatal delufion. South. quirements. Brotvn's Vulgar Errours.
partakers
?h privilege ard alliance. Attert/ury. He hath employed his trar.fcendent wifilom and It very difficult to lay down rules for the ac-
is

that he make quirement of a taire. The faculty muft, in fome

2. Familiar knowledge, fimply without a power, by thefe might way for his

rxr.ignity, as the end wherein they ultimately ac- deg.ee, be born witii us. Addijon*
prepofuion. __
Greiu.
Brave pardon me,
foldier,
quiefce.
Aco^JJ ISI'TION. n.f. \acquijitio, Lat.]
ACQJJIE'SCENCE. [from acquiejce.~\ 1. The aft of
That any accent breaking from rxui-tongue, n.f. acquiring or gaining.
Should '(cape the true acquaintance of mine ear, 1. A filent appearance of content, diilin- Each man has but a limited right to the good
Sbabfjpejre guifhedon one fide from avowed confent, things of the world and the natural allowed way,
;

Thlik-rps the nnderftanding long in converlc with on the other from oppufition. Ly "which he is to compafs the po/TerTion of thefe
act cbjeil, and long converfe brings acquaintance Neither from any of the nobility, nor of the things, is
by his own induftrious acquifition of
SoUt them. Hotiit,
clergy, who were thought moftaverfelrom it, there
In what manner he lived with thofe who were 2. The
appeared any fign of co .tradiclion to that; but an thing gained ; acquirement.
of his neighbourhood and acquaintance, how obli- entire acquiejunce in all the bjfiiops thought fit to Great Sir, all
wa to them, what kind offices he acquijiticn
ging his carriage do. Clarendon. Of glory as of empire, here 1
lay before
did, and was always ready to do them,
I forbear
2. Satisfaction, reft, content. Vour royal feet. DenkanCs Sophy.
to fay.
part'.cu'arly Attertury.
Manyindeed have ^ivea over their purfuits after A can never arrive to its period in a more
(late

3. A flight or
initial knowledge, fhort o:
fme,either from d'hppnintmentyn from experience deplorable cnfis, than when fome prince lies hover-
to perfons. ing lilce a vulture to difmeraber its dying carcafe ;.
friendfhip, as applied of the little plealurc which attends it, or the better
by which means it becomes only an acqui/ition to
hope 1 am pretty near feeing you,
1 anj there- informations or natural c"ldnefs of old age j but
I would cultivate an acquaintance ; becaufe i feldom from a full fatisfactioii and atquujance in fome mighty monarchy, without hopes of a rcfur-
fore

you do not know me when we meet, you need only their prefent enjoyments of it. Stoift.
 A C A C R ACT
AcqtrriTiVE. adj. [acquiftttvat, Lat.] They quickly pay their debt, and then A'cRospiRED./a. adj. Having fprouts,
That which Take no acqi ittanfei, but pay again. Donne.
or having {hot out.
is
acquired or gained. The fame man bought and fold to himfelf, paid
He died not in his acquifi'rve but in his native For want of turning, when the malt is fpread
the money, and gave the acquittance, sirluthnct.
foil; nature hcifelf, as it were, claiming .1 final on the r!'>or, it comes and fprouts at both ends,
inteicft in h s ^-iy, when fortune had done with A'CRE. n.f. [jEcpe, Sax.] A quantity of which is called
acrojpircd, and Is fit
only forfwine.
hi Wotton. land containing in length forty perches, Mortimer*

ACO^UI'ST. n.f. [See ACQJJEST.] Ac- and four in breadth, or four thoufand ACRO'SS. adv. [from a for at, or the
quirement ; attainment ; gain. Not in French a, as it is ufed in a tracers, and
eight hundred and forty fquare yards.
life.
trofs.] Athwart, laid over fomething
His fenrant he with new acqui/l Search every acre in the high-grown field, fo as to crofs it.
Of trueexperience from this great event, And bring him to our eye. Sbakefp, King Lear. The harp hath the concave not abng the ftrings,
With peace and confolation hath difmift.
adj. \acer, Lat.] Of a hot biting
Mi/tor:. A'CRID. but acrofs the ftrings ; and no harp hath the found
To ACQUl'T. v. a. [acquitttr, Fr. See tafte bitter ; fo as to leave a painful
fo melting and prolonged as the Irilh harp.
;
Bacon.
QUIT.] heat upon the organs of tafte.
This view'd, hot notenjoy'J, with timaxnCfi
I . To fet free. Bitter and acrid differ only by the (harp particles
He ftood, reflecting on his country's lofs. Dryden.
Ne do I with ('fur wi/hing were but vain) of the firft being involved in a greater quantity of Tliere is a fet of artizans, who, by the help of
To be acquit from my continual (mart ; oil than thofe of the I aft. Arbutbntt on Aliments. feveral poles, which they by acrojs each others
But joy her thrall for ever to remain,
And yield ACRIMO'NIOUS. adj. Abounding with (fcoulders, build themfelvcj up into a kind of pyra-
for pledge my poor captived heart. mid ; fo that you fee a pile of men in the air cf four
acrimony ; fharp ; corrofive.
Spenftr, or five rows riling one jbove another.
If gall cannot be icndered acrimonious, and bitter Addifcn.
a. To from a charge of guilt ; to ab-
clear
ACRO'STICK. n.f. [from axj- and ri^,-,
of itfelf, then whatever acrimony or amaritude
folve ; oppofed to condemn, either fimply
redounds in it, mull be from the admixture or Gr.] A poem in which the firft letter
with an accusative ; as, the jury acquitted
melancholy. Harvey on Conjun-.ptiws. of every line being taken, makes up
him, or with the particles from or of, A'CRIMONY. the name of the perfon or thing on
\_acrimcuia, Lat/]
n.f.
which is more common, before the crime. 1. Sharpnefs, corrofivenefs. which the poem is made.
If I fin, then thou marked me, and thou' wilt Thtrj be plants that have a milk in them when
not acquit me from mine iniquity. ACRO'STICK. adj.
yob, x. 14. they are cut; as, figs, old lettuce, fow-thiftles,
the fuffrage of the moft and beft he is already
By The caufe may be an inception of putre-
1 That which relates to an acroftick.
.

fpurge.
a.-qui'ttd, and, by die fentence of fome, condemned. faction for thofe milkshaveall anacrimony, though
:
2. That which contains acrofticks.
Dry den, one (hould think they (hould be lenitive. Leave writing plays, and chnofe for thy command
He that judges, without informing himfelf to Some
Bacon's Natural Hijlory. peaceful province in ccraftick la.id :

the utmoft that he is capable, cannot acquit him- There thou may'ft wings
The chymiOs define fait, from fome of its pro- difplay, and altars raife,
felf o/'judging amifs. Locke. And torture one poor'word ten thoufand ways.
perties, to be a bodyfufible in the fire, congealable
Neither do I reded! upon the memory of his cold into brittle glebes or cryftah, foluble
again by Drydtn.
majefry, whom I entirely acquit of any imputation. in water, fo as to difappear, not malleable, and ha- SCROTERS, or ACROTE'RIA. n.f.
Swift. ving fomething in it which affects the organs of
To clear from any obligation. tafte with a fenfation of acrimony or fliarpnefs.
[from attest, Gr. the extremity of any
3.
body.] Little pedeftals without bafes,
Steady my principles, and not difpirited with
to
Arbutbnot,
my afflictions, J have, by the blcfling of God on placed at the middle and th? two ex-
2. Sharpnefs of temper, feverity, bitter- tremes of pediments, fomedmes ferving
my endeavours, overcome all difficulties ; and, in nefs of thought or language.
fome mealure, acquitted mffelf of the debt which to fupport Itatues.
1 owed the publick, when I undertook this work. John the Bapcilt, let himlelt, with much acri-
mony and indignation, to barBe this fenfelefs arro-
To ACT. i). n. [ago, nfliim,
Lat.]
Dryden.
gant conceit of theirs, which made them hufr at 1. To be in action, not to reft.
4. In a limilar fenfe, it is faid, The man the doitrine of repentance, as a thing below them, He hangs between in uuubtti all or reft. Pip:.
bath acquitted himfelf tvell ; that is, he and not at all belonging to them. South. 2. To perform the proper functions.
hath discharged his duty. A'c R I T u D E An acrid
.
n.f. [from acrid. ] Albe't the will is not cj
ACQJJI'TMENT. n.f. [from acquit.~\ The tafte ; a biting heat on the palate. to any of its actings, yet it ;
being
ftate of being acquitted ; or act of ac- In green vitriol, with its aftringent and fweetiih made to acl with ni
taftcs, is joined fome acritudc*
to the different iuiprt-ffions it receives from motives
quitting.
The word imports properly an acquitment or dif- Grcvfs Mufteum. or objedu. Scutb.

chargeofaman upon fome precedent accufation, ACROAMA'TICAL.^'. [aK^oao^at, Gr.

I 3. -To practife arts or duties ; to conduct
and a full trial and cognizance of hit cuufe hud
South, hear.] Of or pertaining to deep learn- one's felf.
thereupon. 'Tis plain that ihe, who for a kingdom now'
ing the oppoiite of exoterical.
n.f. In law, is a deliver-
;
^CO^UI'TTAL. Would facrifice her love, and break her \
ance and fetting free from the fufpicion ACROA'TICKS. n.f. [AxgoalixA, Gr.] Ari- Not out of love, but int.-reft, acls :il >nc,
ftotle's lectures on the more nice and And would, ev'n in my arms, lie thinking of a
or guiltinefs of an offence.' Coivel.
The conitant defign of both thefe orators, was principal parts of philofophy, to which throne. Drydtn't C^nqufjt of Granada.
fome one particular point, either the con-
to drive none but friends and fcholars were ad- The dcfire of happinefs, and the conftraint it
demnation or acquittal of aa accufed perfon. mitted by him. puts upon us to aft for it, no body accounts an
abridgment of liberty. Ltfke.
Swift. ACRO'NYCAL. adj. [from ax^- , fummus , The fplendor of his office, is the token i,f that
To ACC^UI'TTANCE. v. a. To procure an and u, nax
a word not in importing the beginning
; facied character which he inwardly bears : and
to acquit
acquittance ; ;
of night.] A term of aftronomy, applied one of thefe ought conitantly to put him in mind
prefent ufe. of the other, and excite him to afl up to it, through
to the ftars, of which the rifmgor fetting
But if black
fcandal and foul-fac'd reproach, the whole courfe of his administration.
Attend the fequel of your impofition, iscalled acronycal, when they either ap-
Atterbury''* Sermons.
Vour mere enforcement mall acquittance me pear above or fink below the horizon at It is our part and duty to co-opc/ate with this
From all the impure blots and ftains thereof the time of funfet. It is oppofed to grace, vigoroufiy to exert thofe poweis, and aft up
Sbakffpcarc.
to thofe advantages to which it reitoies us. He
cofmical.
ACQUI'TTANCE. n.f. [from acquit.] has given eyes to the blind, and feet to the lame.
ACRO'NYCALLY. adv. [from acronycal.~\
I. The aft of difcharging from a debt. R^ga-s's Sfrmcns.
But foon (hall find
At the acronycal time. To produce effects in fome paffi ve fubjedt.
4.
He is
tempertuous in the fummer, when he Hence 'tis we wait the wond'rous caufc to find
Forbearance, no acquittance, ere day end
riles heliacally, and rainy in the winter, when he How
Juflice (hall not return, as beauty, fcorn'd. body afis upon impafiive mind.
rifes Dryden.
Milton. acronycally. Ganb's Diffenfary.
1. A writing teflifying the receipt of a
A'CROSPIRE. n.f. [fromaxj^ ando-TTf^a, The ftomach, the interlines, the mufdes of, the
A fhoot or fprout from the end of lower belly, all ai upon the aliment; beiides, the
debt. Gr.]
You can produce acquittances feeds before they are put in the ground. chyle is not fucked, but fqueezed into the mouths
of the lacteals, by the aftion of the fibres of the
For fuch a fum, from fpecial officers Many corns will fmilt, or have their pulp turned '

Of guts. Arbutbmt en Aliments,

Charles hit father. into a Jubilance like thick cream ; and will fend
Sbakcffcarc i Levfi Labour Loft. forth their fublUucc in an acroj'fire*
Mortimer. To ACT. v. ,,

i. To
 ACT ACT ACT
t. To bear a borrowed
character; a make
as, TTiey ediflf for ufury to
flage-player.
fupp-irt afurer
repeal daily any wliokfome afl edabliihed
rh;.-e was never mm
could have a jtWler a3f:r
Honour and /name from no condition again tgaafl filthy fortune than I, Cnce, j|| othfr thiots
W
well your part, there all the
rife ;
honour lies. Pope.
Be neb, and
to chain
provide more piercing Salutes dai
up and rcftiaiu the pcor.
being granted me, her blindnefs is the
only lett.
*. To counterfeit ; to SiJnej.
feign by action. SMeffiart's Cwuhgu For our reward then,
His former
trembling once again rcncw'd,
You that are king,
though he do wear the crown our debts are paid ;
irrt^all
With aR*l fear the villain thus Have causd hi.-n, by new afl of parliament, dangers of law,
purlVd. Dry A,. AS:tai, decrees, judgmeiiti,
To io blot out me. agaitf us quitti-d.
f. actuate ; to put in motion ; to re- Sbakcfteare's Ilerrv V B.
gulate the movements. 9. Record of judicial T
In the plural, in
J'.nf:; .

proceedings. 7. France, the fame as

Modpeople in the world are affej by levity and _ Judicial afl, are all thole matters whUi relate t
judicial proceedings ; and being reduced intu wri Jlocks in England.
mour, by drangc and irrational
changes. Statb. ting by a public notary, are recorded A'CTJOKABLK. adj. [from
1
erne's they are as proud as
Lucifer, as cove- by theautho
- aatcu.] -That
tous as Dcmas, as falfe as my of the judge.
^,
,-
winch admits aa adion in law to be
courfe of their
Judas, and, in the A CTION. n.f. [ecUta, Fr. affio, Lat.] brought againft it
art, and a,e convention, ; punifhable.
filed, not by devotion, but
South
1. The quality or flate of acting, oppofite His process was formed
; whereby he was founi
We fuppofe t.vo diftind, dellgn.
incommunicable con- :uilty of nought elfc, that I could
learn, which
cioufnelJes the fame body, the one ccn- was attainable, but of ambition.
aflhg Onol!cEngli/h! that could entertain
ftantly by day the other by night With half their forces the full
; and, on the Hcwel's Vccal Fcrcff.
other fide, the fame power of France-" Po man
confcioumefs aalnt by inter- And let another half ftand s face is fSiouUe: thefe fingularities
vals two diftindt bodies. bushing bv,
'
All out of work, and cold for more innocent caufes. Co.'Her
~a3\:r.. ^aremterpretablelrom
ACT. n.f. [affam, Lat.] Sbakeffterft Htnry V A'c TION A R Y, or A'CTION IST.
2. An aft or
tt.f. [from
I.
Something done; a deed ; an exploit, thing done ; a deed. a3,o,t.] One that lias a fhare in affiant
whether good or ill. This afrkn, I now ?:o on, or flocks.
Ts for
A my better grace. Hi-
jk-ff tare's ffmo-'l Tjfe
lower place, not
we!!, Cod never
accepts a good inclination indead o;
VCTION-TAKINC. eu/j. AccnftomedtO
May make too great an ad :
relent
Better to leave undone than
a good afikn, where that
aShn may be done ; nay by means of law ;
litigious.
by our deed fo much the
contrary, that, if a good inclination
A knave, a rafcal, a
Acquire too high a fame. knave a
filthy worfted-ftocking
be oot ieconded iily-hver'd eBin.taklng knave.
by a good allln, the want of that ;

_-. Sbaktfp. Ant. ar.d Cleopatra. ' Sbaktff.

he confcious wretch mud all
hisatf, reveal :
fuf is made fo much the more
criminal and in- CT TA TION -
"-S- t from a #'t> Lat.T
A rl-
Loth to confefs, unable to conceal S&utb. Action quick and
From the firft moment of his vital ; breath ' 3.
,

Agency, operation.
frequent. Dia
To A'CTIVATE. V. a.
To his lad hour of It is better, that the earth [from affiw.] To
unrependng death. Drydcn. move about
therefore,
own
fliould make aftive. This word is
Z. Agency the its
center, and make thofe ufeful perhaps
;
power of producing an viciffitudesof night and uied only by the author
effect. day, than expofe always alleged.
the fame fide to the afikn of the
fun.
As fnowand ice, efpecially
I will try the forces Btntlr, being holpen, and
He has fettied laws, and laid down the,r_cold allrvatcd by nitre or fait, will turn water
f thefe
thy on fuch creatures rules, con-
We count not compounds
worth the
hanging ; but none human
as ormable to which natural bodies are
their
governed in
into ice, and that in a few
it W!ll turn wood
hour,; fo it may be,
;
acii'.r.i
upon one another. or
iliffclay into (tone, in longej
try the
vigour of them, and Cbcynt.
i

apply 4. The feries of events time.

Bacon.
Alhyments to their all ; and by them
gather
reprefented in a
Their feveral virtues and effects. fable. A'CTIVE. adj. [affivta,
Lat.]
This afthn fcnuld have three I. That which has
the power or quality of
. . Skakeffeare't Cymtelhe. qualifications.
3. AUion the performance of
;
rft, it ,:10 uld be but one
eSn*; fecondly, it acting.
exploits ; ftouid be an entire
production of effects. aflan; and, thirdly, it mould Thefe particles have not
only a vis mertie. ac.

your
'Tis fo m uc h n
your nature , do
uut one continued afl of
life ,s
i

placing benefits
.

^ J.
be 3 great afikn.

Gefliculation ; die accordance of "the

Add'ihn :ompimed with fuch pa/live laws of motion, as
naturally refult from that force, but alfo
they are
as the fun is motions of the moved by certain afliw
my, always carrying his light to
lome part or other of the world.
body with the words principles, fuch as is that
of gravity, and that which
Drydaf,fat!*,. fpoken; a part of oratory. caufcs
fermentation,
Who forth from nothing ca'l'd this He lat fpcaks dothc'
and the cohrfion of bodies.
A'tvjt,*',
comely frame, the gripe hearer's wrid Oftich.
is will and afl, his word and work the
fame.
,
While he that hears nukes fearful aSl'.n
z. That wh.ch acts, oppofed to pa/R-ve, or
With wrinkled brows.
St a k,fp. Klr.r J^kn that which fuffers.
4. The doing of fome Our orators are obfrved to make ufc of When an even flame two hearts did
particular thing ;'a lefs
touch,
gefturc or aflkn than thofc of other countrirs us ornce was
ftep taken a purpofe executed.
; indulgently tr> (it
to pafiives,
-:fl
perfuades me, ^ffrvtl corrcfpondency
hat tb 6. his fubject was.
1 s remotion of the duke and h-r [In law.] It is ufed with the
prepofi-
Only D me ,
-

'* '
tion again/I before Ityou think that, by
SbakcJtejrS, Kirg Lear. tlie
perfon, and/r ments m the fame multiplying the addiu."
$. A Hate of
reality effect. before the thing. proportion that jou multiply ths
;
ore, t,,c wo,k will
The fctds of herb; and
plants at the
A:-h^ are pcrfonal, real, and mixt : aflka rcr- for
follow, you may be deceived;
_ firft are not
m , -7, but in
poffibiiity, that which they after-
fonal belongs to a man
again/I another, by reafon
quantity in the paffive will add more re/iltanc-
tlian
wards grow to be. of any contract, thequantity in thetffiwwill add force. Barn.
linker. offence, or caufe, of like force
Uod
alone excepted, who with a contract or offence made or 3. Bufy, engaged in action
_
actually and everlaft done by him or ; to oppofed
fome other, uUt or
ugly wharfoever he may be, and which
is
canno for whofe fadt he is to anfwer.
Aflh, ftAattuy, or any ftate of which
aeafter be that which now he is a is given to
any man agatrjl another, that pof- Uie duties are
not; all othc performed only by the
things facfidcs are fomewharm poffibili'tv, which a ic
thing required or fued for in his own mental powers.
t
they are not in act. Haoktr lame, and no other man's. AElarn mixt, is that 'Tis
Sure they're confcious which lies as well
vii
tupus aQion that mud pralfe bring forth,
ag aifl orfar the thing which we Without which, How advice
>f fome intended :ek, as agahjl the perfon that hath it :
is liltle worth ;
mifchief, and a^e fled called i et who
Ta they give good counfel, praife
put it into afl.
Detbam's Soph,. mixt, becaufe it hath a mixt defervr,
refpcdt both to the in_the
afli-ve part
they cannot ferve. Dinham.
6.
Incipient agency; tendency to an effort thing and to the ,n. perf
3 4. Practical ; not merely theoretical
Her legs were bufkin'd, and the left div ded lnto c vi1 '
P<1 and mixt.
before jn
Afiun
'"'. '.' . i
'
The world hath had in thefe men
In afl to (hoot a filvcr bow (he bore. which tends onlv to the reco-
civil is that freft expe-
how d a ngcrou s fuch aflive errors
7- A
;

part of a play, during which the ac-

DryJtn. very of that which is due to us ; as 'a fum of mo-
rience, are. Hn,
ney formerly lent. Afihn penal is that which S- Nimble; agile; quick.
tion proceeds without aims at fome Some bend the ftubborn bow
interruption. penalty or puniihment in the party for ridtory
Many never doubt but the whole condi^on re fued, be it corporal or Andfomewithdartstheir^w.rfinewstiT. Dr a*;
,u,red by Chrift, the repentance he came to
pecuniary: as, in eomaon 6. In grammar.
law, the next friends of a man '
preach, felonioufiy
will, in that lad fcene of their
lad all, imme- purfuc the law agai*Ji the murderer,
ill
wan A verb aflrve is that which fignifies action, ai
diately before the exit, be as
opportunely and ac-
mut is that which fecks both the thing whereof *** Clarke" t Lath Grammar.
ceptably performed, as a- , we are deprived, and a , /
)int of thcir
lit frmatid^t
.

f
penalty alfo for the unjud ACTIVELT. adv. [from Jn an
rt
dct.iinmgof the fame. affi-ve.]
Five afls are jud the mealure of a JlBKn upon the cafi, is an action active manner ;
play. given for rcdrcfc buftly ; nimbly. In an
of wrongs done without force aftive fignification ; as, tie word is
8. A law not arair.Jl any man, by ufed
decree of a court for.
fpccially provided aii<uely.
of a legiflature. Kin* u^n the
Jlatute, is as a ffi, n brought A'CTIVENESS. n.f. The
VOL. "g.>i"Jt a man upon breach of a ftatute. [from5/w.]
I. Crwell. quality of being aftive ;
q^uicknefs ;

nunbjenef.
 ACT A C U ADA
tiimblcnefs. This is a word more rarely finjrs, according as they promoted idolatry, Or the
3 .
Spoken of the fenfes, vigorous ; power,
ufed than aSivity. worship of the true God. .dJJifcn. ful inoperation.
What ftrange agility and afli-ventfi do our com- Though our temporal profpccts (hould be full of Were our le.ifes altered, and made much quicker
mon tumblers and dancers on the rope attain to, by danger, or though the days of forrow fliould tflually and acuter, the appearance and outward fcheme of
overtake us, yet liiil we muft repofe ourfelvcs on
continual exercife! /fi/Jtin:'i Matt. Magick. things would h.ive quite another face to us. Locke.
Cod. Rogers.
ACTI'VITY. n.f. [from aflive.] The qua- A'CTUALNESS. 4. Acute difeafc. Any difeafe, which is
n.f. [from aflual.] The
lity* of being aftive, applied either to attended with an increafed velocity of
quality of being aftual.
things or perfons. A'CTUARV. n.f. [afliiarius, Lat.] The blood, and terminates in a few days ;
Salt put to ice, as in the producing of the artifi-
oppofed to chronical. Quincy.
cial ice, increafeth the aft'rvity of cold. Bacon. regifter who compiles the minutes of the
5. Acute accent ; that which raiies or
Our adverfary will not be idle, though we are ; proceedings of a court ; a term of the
he watches every turn of our foul, and incident of civil law. fharpens the voice.
our life; and, if we remit our atlrvity, will take ACU'TELY. adv. [from acute.] After an
Suppofe the judge ihould fay, that he would
advantage of our indolence. Rogers. have the keeping of the acts of court remain with acute manner ; (harply it is ufed as :

A'CTOR. n.f. [aSor, Lat.] him, and the notary will have the cuftody of them well in the figurative as primitive fenfe.
1. He that ads, or performs any thing.
with himfelf : certainly, in this cafe, the affuary He that will lojk into many parts of Afia and
Thevirtues of either age may correct the de- or writer of them ought to be preferred, ^yliffe. America, will find men reafon there, perhaps, as
fects of both : and good for fucceflion, that young A'cruATE.a<#. [from the verb Toafluale.'] acutely as hirufelf, who yet never heard of a fyl-
men may be learners, while men in age are aflon. Put into ad ion animated logifm. Leckt.
; ; brought
Bacon. into effeft. ACU'TENESS. n.f. [from acute, which fee.]
He who writes an Encomium Neronit, if he docs
The active informations of the intellect, filling i.
himfelf but a tranfcript of Nero in
it heartily, is
Sharpnefs.
the paflive reception of the will, like form doling z. Force of intellects.
his mind, and would gladly enough fee fuch pranks,
with matter, grew actuate into a third and diilinct
as he was famous for, acted again, though he dares They would not be fo apt to think, that there
perfection of practice. South* cou'd be nothing added to the
acutenefs and pene-
not be the aUw of them himfelf. South.
2. He that perfonatcs a character a ftage-
To A'CTUATE. -v. a. [from ago, afium, tration of their underftandings. Locke.
;
Lat.] To put into ; adtion
to invigo- 3. Quicknefs and vigour of fenfes.
player. rate or increafe the powers of motion. If eyes fo fia.ijed could not view at once the
Would you have hand and the hour-plate, their owner could not
Such an Herculean aflor in the fcene,
The light made by this animal depends upon a
be benefited by that a.utenefi; which, whilft it
And not this hydra ? They muft fweat no lefs living fpirit, and feems, by fome vital irradiation,
difcovered the fecret contrivance of the machine,
to be afiuated into this luftre.
To fit their properties, than t* exprefs their parts. made him lofe its ufe. Loctt.
Ben Jenfon. BrnctCi Vulgar Erroun.
Such man, who has not actuated the 4. Violence and fpeedy crifis of a malady.
When good aSor doth his part prefent,
3
is every
We
In every ait he our attention draws, grace given him, to the fubduing of every reigning apply prefent remedies according to indi*
fin. cations, refpecting rather the acutenrfs of the dif-
That at the laft he may find juft applaufe. Denbam. Decay of fitly.
Thefe filfe beauties of the ftage are no more laft- Men of the greateft abilities are moft filed with eafe, and precipitancy of the occafion, than the
ambition j and, on the contrary, mean and nar- rifing and letting of ftars. Brown,
ing than a rainbow ; when the atliir ceafes to ihine
vanifli in a twinkling.
row minds are the lead afiuated by
Addifcn. it.
5. Sharpnefs of found.
upon them, they
Our pa/lions are the fprings which actuate the This acutinefs of found will (hew, that whilft,
Drydtn'i Spanijh Friar. of
powers our nature. to the eye, the bell feems to be at reft,
A'CTRESS. n.f.
Rogers. yet the
\a3rice, Fr.] ACTUO'SE. minute parts of it continue in a very bride motion,
1 . She that performs any thing. adj. [from a<2.] That which
hath ftrong powers of action : a word H ithout which they could not ftrike the air.
Boyle.
Virgil has, indeed, admitted Fame as an affrefs AD \C"T IB. participial adj.
in the Jntid ; but the part flic acts is
very Ihort,
little ufed. \ada8us, Lat.]
and none of the moft admired circumftances of To A'CUATB. i>. a. To mar- Driven by force ; a word little ufed.
\acuo, Lat.]
that divine work. The verb adafl is not ufed. DicJ.
Addifa.
We fprights have juft fuch natures pen, to invigorate with any powers of
A'DAGE. n.f. [adagium, Lat.] A maxim
We had, for all the world, when human creatures j
fharpnefs.
handed down from antiquity ; a proverb.
And Immoderate feeding upon powdered beef, pic-
therefore I that was an a&'cft here,
kled meats, and debauching with ftrong wines, do Shallow unimproved inc-llccts, are confident
Play all
my tricks in hell, a goblin there.
Dryden. inflame and acuate the blood, whereby it is capaci- pretenders to certainty ; as if, contrary to the
2. A
woman that plays on the ft
age. tated to corrode the lungs. adage, fcience had no friend but ignorance.
Harvey lit Confumftions.
A'CTUAL. adj. [afluel, Fr.] ACU'LEATE. That Glcnville's S^epjii
Scifr.tijlctt
adj. [aculeatus, Lat.]
1. That which comprifes aftion. which has a point or fling ; prickly
Fine fruits of learning ! old ambitious fool,
; Dar'ft thou apply that
Jn this llumbry agitation, befides her walking adage of the fchool,
that which terminates in a (harp point. As if *tis nothing worth that lies conceal'd,
and other aflual performances, what, at any time,
have you heard her fay ? Sbakefpeare's Macbeth.
ACU'MEN. n.f. [Lat.] A fharp point ;
And fcience is not fcience till reveal'd ? Dryden.
2. Really in aft ; not merely potential. figuratively, quicknefs of intellects. ADA'GIO. n.f. [Italian, at leifure.] A
Sin, there in pow'r before The word was much affected by the learned term ufed by muficians, to mark a flow
Once aftual j now in body, and to dwell Ariftarchus in common converfation, to fignify time.
'
Habitual habitant. genius or natural acumen.
Milton.
ACU'MIN
Pope.
ATED. particip. adj. E.iding in
A'DAMANT. n.f. [aJamas, Lat. from a,
3. In aft ; not purely in fpeculation.
and osifiiu, Gr. that is inj'uperable, in-
For he that but conceives a crime in thought, a point ; (harp-pointed.
Contracts the danger of an aflual fault : This is not acuminated and
pointed, as in the
frangible.]
Then what muft he expect, that ftill proceeds reft,but feemeth, as it were, cut off. 1 . A flone, imagined by writers, of im-
To fimfh fin, and work up thoughts to deeds ? Brown's Vulgar Errcuri. penetrable hardnefs.
I appropriate this word, Noli me So great a fear my name amongft thrm fpread,
Drydfn. tangere, to a
ACTUA'LITY. fmall round atuminated tubercle, which hath not That they fuppos'd I could rend bars of fteel,
n .f. [from a#ua/.] The
much pain, unlefs touched or rubbed, or exafpe- And fpurn in pieces poftsof adamant. Sbakefpcare*
ftate of being aftual.
rated by topicks. Satan, with vart and haughty ftridcs aJvanc'd,
The fVifeman.
afiuality of thefe fpirifual qualities is thus
impiifoncd, though their potentiality be not quite
ACU'TE. adj. [acutus, Lat.]
Came tow'ring, arm'd in adamant and gold.
Milton*
deftroyed j and thus a crafs, extended, impenetra-
1 .
Sharp, ending in a point ; oppofed to Eternal Deities,
ble, p?ffive, divifible, unintelligent fubftance is
obtufi or blunt. Who rule the world with abfolute decrees,
gener ted, which we call matter. Cheyne. Having the ideas of an obtufc and an acute an-
And write whatever time fliall bring to pafs,
A'CTUALLY. adv. [ftomaual.] In aft; gled triangle, both drawn from equal bafes and be- With pens of adamant, on plates of brafs. Dryden.
tween I can, by intuitive knowledge,
in elTeft really.
;
parallels,
2. The diamond.
All mankind acknowledge themfelves able and perceive the one not to be the other, but cannot
that way know whether they be Locke. Hardnefs, wherein fome Hones exceed other all
fufficicnt to do many things, which equal.
aftaally they bodies, and among them the adamant other all
never do. 2. In a figurative fenfe applied to men
Smth. ;
(tones, being exalted to that degree thereof, that
Read one of the Chronicles, and you will think ingenious ; penetrating ; oppofed to art in vain endeavours to counterfeit it, the fac-
you were reading a hiftory of the kings of Jfrael or dull or j} up id. titious (tones of ciiymifts, in imitation, being
Judah, where the hiftoiians were afiualljintfireJ, The acute and ingenious author, among many eafily detected by an ordinary lapidift.
and where, by a particular fcheme of
providence, very fine thoughts, and uncommon reflections, has Ray on the Creation*
the kings were difl,ingui(hed
by or blef-judgments ftarted the notion of feeing all
things in Cod. Lode. 3 . Adamant is taken for the loadftpnc.
You
 ADA ADD ADD
You draw me, you hard-hearted adamant ! To ADCO'RPORATE. T. a. [from ad and fpeak and write adz, from abejv, Sax.
But yet you draw not iron ; for my heart
corpus.] To unite one body with an- an axe.]
Is true as fteel. Sbakfffeare. The addict hath its blade made thin and fom"
Let him change his lodging from one part rf
other more ufually wrote accorporate ;
;
what arching. As the axe hath its edge parallel
the town to another, which is a great adamant or which fee.
its handle, Co the addict hath its
to edge athwart
acquaintance. Bacon. To ADD. -v. a. [addo, Lat.] the handie, and is ground to a bafil on its infide to
ADAMANTE'AN. adj. [from adamant.] i. To join fomething to that which was its outer edge. Moxon's Meibatiical Exercijes.
Hard as adamant. before. To ADDI'CT. 11. a. [addico, Lat,]
He weapor.lefs himfelf, Mark if his birth makes any d'frerence, To devote,
1. to dedicate, in a good
. Made arms ridiculous, ufelefs the forgery If to his words it adds one grain of fenfe. Dryden.
Of brazen ihield and fpear, the hammer'd fenfe which; is
rarely ufed.
cuirafs, They, whofe mufes have the higheft flown,
and irock of mail Add not to his immortal memory, Ye knew the houle of Stephanus, that they
Chalybean temper'd fteel,
Adarrantean proof. Miltcn. But do an act of ftiendmip to their own. D*ydtn. have additled themfelves to the miniftry of the
faints. Car. xvi.
z. To perform the mental operation of
i I
This word occurs, perhaps, only in 5.
2. It is commonly taken in a bad fenfe
adding one number or conception
this paffage. to ;

AD AMA'NTINE. another. To add to is proper, but to as, be addifted himfelf to --vice.

adj. \adamanlinus, Lat.]
1. Made of adamant. add together feems a folecifm. 3. Todevote one's felf to any perfon,
Wide the fronting gate, and rais'd on high
is Whatloever pcfitive ideas a man has in his mind, party, or perfuafion. A Latinifm.
With adamantine columns, threats the Iky. of any quantity, he can repeat it, and add it to the I am neither author or fautor of any fe& : I

Dryder.. former, as eafily as he can add together the ideas of will have no man addiil himfelf to me ; but if I
2. the qualities of two days, or two years. Locke. have any thing right, defend it as truth's.
Having adamant; as,
A'DDABLE. adj. [from add.] That to Ben Jon/on.
hardnefs, indiftblubility.
Could Eve's weak hand, extended to the which fomething may be added. AS- ADDI'CT ED NESS. n. f. [from addifled.]
tree,
In fonder rend that adamantine chain, dible is more proper. It fignifies more
The quality or ftate of being addifted.
Whofe golden links, erKfts and caufes b;,
Thole know how little I have remitted of my
And which to God'] own chair doth hx'd remain properly that which may be added. former addiltedntfs to make chymical
?
The firft number in e\ery addition is called the
experiments.
Davits . Boyle.
addable number, the other, the number or num-
An eternal flerility mud have pofleflTed the bers added, and the number invented by the addi-
ADDI'CTION. n.f. [addiaio, Lat.]
world, where all things had been fixed and fatt- i. The aft of
ened everlaftingly with the adamantine chains of tion, the aggregate or fum. Cocker. devoting, or giving up.
To ADDE'CIMATE. i>. a. \addecimo, Lat.] z. The ftate of being devoted.
fpecific gravity; if the Almighty had not fpoken
It is a wonder how his grace fhould glean it,
and laid, Let the earth bring forth grafs, the herb To take or afoertain tithes. Di(l.
Since his addiflion was to courfes vain
yielding feed, and the fruit-tree yielding fruit after To ADDE'EM. i/. a. [from deem.] To His companies unletter'd, rude, and mallow;
;

its kind ; and it was fa.

Bentley, efteem ; to account. This word is now His hours fill'd up with riots, banquets, fports.
In adamantine chains lliall death be bound,
And 1 out of nfe. .
Sbakffpearc.
hell's grim tyrant feel th eternal wound.
She fcorns to be addeem'd fo worthlefs-bafe, A' D D I T A M E NT
Pope. As to be mov'd to fuch an infamy. [additamentum, Lat.]
.
.yT
Tho* adamantine bonds the chief reftrain, The addition, or thing added.
The
dire reftraint his wifdom will Danicft Civil Wars.
defeat, Iron will not incorporate with brafs, nor other
And
faon reftore him to his regal feat.
Pcfe.
A'DDER. n.f. [./Ercep, jErcori, Nabbruj. metals, of itfelf, by fimple fire: fo as the enquiry
A'DAM'S-APPLE. n.f. [in anatomy.] A as it feems from eircep, Sax.
poifon.] muft be upon the calcination, and the additamerrt,
prominent part of the throat. A ferpent, a viper, a poifonous reptile ; and the charge of them. Bacon.
To AD ATT. -v. a. \adapto, Lat.] To fit perhaps of any fpecies. In common In a palace there is firfl the cafe or fabrick,
or moles of the ftrufture itfelf; and, befides that,
one thing to another ; to fuit ; to pro- language, adders and/naAer are not the there are certain additamcnts that contribute to its
portion. faire. ornament and ufc ; as, various furniture, rare
'Tis true, but let it not be known, Or is the adder better than the eel, fountains and aquedufts, divers things appendi-
My eyes are fomewhat dimmilh grown; Bccaufe his painted (kin concents the eye ? cated to it. Hales Origin cf Mankind,
For nature, always in the right,
To An adder did it ; for, with doubter tongue
Sbakcfpeare. ADDI'TION. n.f. [from add.]
your decays adapts my fight. Sviift. The aft of adding one thing to another ;
It is p.ct
enough that nothing offends the ear, Than thine, thou ferpent, never adder Hung. 1.
tut a good poet will adapt the very founds, at well Sbakcfpeare. oppofed to diminution.
as words, to the things he treats of. The adder teaches us where to ftrike, by her The infinite diftance between the Creator and
curious and fearful defending of her head. Taylor. the nobleft of all creatures, can never be meafured,
Pope's Letters.
ADAPTA'TIO::. The A'DDER'S-CRASS. n.f. The name of a nor exhaufted byendlefs addition of finite degrees.
n.f. [from adapt.}
aft of fittingone thing to another ; the plant, imagined by Skinner to be fo Bentley,

fitnefs of one thing to another. named, becaufe ferpents lurk about it. 2. Additament, or the thing added.
It will not be modeftly done, if aoy of our
Somefpeciej there be of middle natures, that A'DDER'S-TONCUE. n. f. \ophioglojjum,
own wifdom intrude or interpofe, or be willing to
is, of and bead, as batts ;
bird'
yet are their parts Lat.] The name of an herb. make additions to what Chrift and his apofties
fo fet together, that we cjnnot define the It hath no vifible flower ; but the feeds are
begin- have defigned. Hammond.
ningor end of either, there bring a commixtion of produced on a fpike t which refembles a ferpent's Some fuch refemblances, methinks, I find
both, rather that* adaptation or cement of the one tongue ; which feed is contained in many longi-
unto the other.
Of our laft evening's talk, in this thy dream,
Ermin's Errours. Vulgar tudinal cells. Miller. But with addition ftrange Mi/fort.
!
Adhefion may be in part afcribed, either to The moft common limples arc comfrey, bugle, Theabolishing of villanage, together with the
fome motion in the prefled glafs, or to
el..(t:ca!
agrimony, fanicle, paul's-betony, fluellin, peri- cuftom permitted among the nobles, of felling
the exqjifire
adaptation of the almoft numberlcft, winkle, adder' s-tongue. ffifcman's Surgery. their lands, was a mighty addition to the power. or"
though v-ry fmall, afpcrities of ihe one, and the
mimercus little cavit e! of the
A'DDER'S-WORT. n.fi. An
herb fo named, the commons. Swift.
other; whereby the on account of its virtue, real or fup-
furfjccs do ,'ock in with one In aruhmetick.
another, or are, as it 3.
were, clafped t gether. Boyle.
pofed, of curing the bite of ferpents. Addition is the reduction of two or more num-
ADA'PTION. The aft
A'DDIBLE. adj. [from add.] Poffible to bers of like kind together into one fum or total.
n.f. [from adapt.]
of be added. See ADD ABLE. Cocker's Arithmetic^*
fitting.
It wf re aLne a fuffic'ent work to (hew all the
The cleared idea it can get of infinity,is the 4. In law. A title given to a man over
the wife confufed, incomprehenfible remainder of cndlefs, and above his chriftian name and fur-
::tes, contrivances, and prudent
adafti'.rt, of thefe admirable machines, for the
additle numbers, which affords no profpeQ of
name, fhewing his eftate, degree, oc-
benefit of the whole. flop, or boundary. Locke,
Ctcyne.
ADDIBI'LITY. The cupation, trade, age, place of dwelling.
ADA'PTNESS. from n.f. [from addible.]
n.f. [for adaptednffs,
poflibility of being added.
adapt.] This endlefs addition, or addibility (if any one Only retain
are to
difplay the actaptnefi of the' The name, and all th' addition to a king
found
like theword better) of numbers, fo apparent to ;
ti the fenfe. >,. NcuMn.
the mind, is that which gives us the clearcll and
The fway, revenue, execution,
This wore] I have found no where mod diilincl idea of infinity. Locke.
Beloved fons, be yours ; which to confiim,
elfe. This coronet part between you.
A'DDICB. e. /. [for which we corruptly Sialtrff. King Liar,
Ex '
from
 ADD ADD A D
From (his time,
Manner of
For what he did before Corioli, call him,
It lifted up head, and did addrefs
its
5. directing a letter; a fenfe
Itfeif/o motion, like as it would fpcak.
With til th' applaufe and clamour of the hoft, chiefly mercantile.
Sbattff. JJaiKtft AD ORE SSER. n. /. [horn addrefs.] The.
Caius Marcius Coriolanus. Bear th' addiiia no. Then Turniu, from his chariot leaping light,
bly ever. Sbaktfpetre's Ccriolar.us jUtlnffd himfelf on foot to fingle fight. Dryrlm. perfon that addrcfles or petitions.
There arofe new difputes upon the perfon
2. To get ready ; to put in a ftate for A D D u'c E N T adj. \adducem, Lat.] A word
.

named by the king, or rather againft the additki.

and appellations of title, which were made to theii
immediate ufe. applied to thofe muffles that bring for-
names. Clarendon They fell directly on the Englilh tattle ; where- ward, clofe, or draw together the parts
upon the earl of Warwick his men to of the body to which they are annexed.
ADDITIONAL. fl<#. [bom addition.] Thai addrtjjed
take the flank. Hay-mar d
which is added. Duke Frederick hearing, how that every day S^uincy.
Our Icalendar once reformed and fe
being Men of great worth refortcd to this forefl, To ADDU'LCE.I>. a. \adihitcir, Fr. duhis,
Lat.] To fweeten : a word not now in ufe.
tight, it may be kept
fo, without any confidcr-
jiddrtft'd a mighty power, which were on foot,
able variation, for many ages,
by omitting one In his own conduit purpofcly to take Thus did the French embafladors, with great
leap-year j i. e. the additional day, at the end o] His brother here. mew of their king's aft'eftion, and many fugared
Sbakefpeare't jisyou like it,
every 1
34 years. Holder in Time, in Harfleur we will be words, feek to addulce all matters between the two
To-night your gueft,
The greatcd wits, that ever were produced in To-morrow for the inarch we are addrifl. kings. Baccn'sHinryVll.
one age, lived together in fo good an underftand- *
Sbakefpefre. A'DELIKG. n.f. [from asbel, Sax. illuf-
ing, and celebrated one another with fo much ge- To
nerofity, that each of them receives an additkna
3. apply to another by words, with trious.] A word of honour among the
various forms of conftruftion.
luftre from
his otemporaries. ,
Addijcn. Angles, properly appertaining to the
They include in them that very kind of evi- 4. Sometimes without a prepofition. king's children : king Edward the Con-
dence, which is fuppofed to be powerful : and do, To fuch 1 would addref: with this mod affec-
feffor, being without iffue, and intend-
withal, aftbrd us fevcral other additional proofs, o: tionate petition. Decay of Piety.
great force and clearnefs. Among the crowd, but far above the reft, ing to make Edgar his heir, called him
Atterlury.
ADDITIONAL, to the beauteous maid addrrjl. adding. C<rcW/.
n.f. Additament ; feme- Young Turmis
Not Dry den, ADENO'CRAPHV. n.f. [from Har.tm and
thing added. in ufe.
May be fome little additi.r.al,
may further the
Are not your orders to addrcfs the fcnate ?
y.:a.$x, Gr.] A treatife of the glands.
incorporation. Bacon, A D E'M p T Io N .
n.f. [at/into, ademptum, Lat. ]
A'DDITORY. 5. Sometimes with to.
adj. [from add.] That Taking away ; privation. DiS.
Addnjj':ng to Pollio, his great patron, and him-
which has the power or quality of add- fe!f no vulgar poet, he began to afiert his native ADE'PT. n. f. [from adeptus, Lat. that is,
ing. character, which is fub'.imity. Drydcn. adeptus orient.] He that is completely
The additcry fiction gives to a great man a 6. Sometimes with the reciprocal pro- /killed in all the fecrets of his art. It
larger flure of reputation than belongs to him, to noun ; as, be addrejftd himfelf to the ge- is, in its original fignification, appro-
enable him to fcrve fome good end or purpr.fc.
Arlutbnot.
neral. priated to the chymuls, but is now ex-
A'DDLE. Sometimes with the accufative of the tended to other artilts.
adj. [from abel, a difeafe, Sax. 7.
matter of the addrefs, which may be The prefervation or chaflity is eafy to true
according to Skinner and Junius ; per-
the nominative to the paflive. adepts, Pcfe*
haps from ybel, idle, barren, unfruit-
The young hero had addrcjjcd his ^rjyrj to ADE'PT. adj. Skilful ; throughly verfed.
ful.] Originally applied to eggs, and him for his affiftance. If there be really fuch adept philosophers as we
Drydcn.
fignifying fuch as produce nothing, but The prince himfelf, with awful dread poflcfs'd, are told of, I am apt to think, that, among their
arcana, they are mailers of extremely potent mcn-
grow rotten under the hen ; thence His vinos to great Apollo thus addrtft. Dryder..
transferred to brains that produce no- His fuit was common; but, above the druums. Boy'.i.
reft,
To both the brother-prince! thus addrtjt. Drydfn. A'DEQJJATE. adj. [adeqiiatur, Lat.] Equal
thing.
There's one with truncheon, like a ladle,
8. To addrcfs [in law] is to apply to the to proportionate ; correfpondent to, fo
;

That carries eggs too frefli or addle ; king in form. as to bear an exaci refemblance or pro-
And dill at random, as he goes, 'Ihe reprefentatives of the nation in parlia-
portion. It is ufed generally in a figu-
Among the rabble rout beftows. Hudikras. ment, and the privy-council, addrefs d the king to rative fenfe, and often with the particla
After much folitarinefs, fading, or long fick- have it recalled. Swift. to.
Befs, their brains were addle, and their bellies as ADDRE'SS. n.f. [aJdreffe, Fr.]
empty of meat as their heads of wit. Contingent death feems to be the whole ade-
1. Verbal application to any one, by way quate object of popular courage j
but a neceflary
Burton on Melancholy.
Thus far the poet ;
but his brains grow addle: of perfuafion ; petition. and unavoidable coffin ftrikes palenefs into the
And all the reft is
purely from this noddle. Henry, in knots involving Emma's name, douted heart. Harvey en Coafmmptttgu
Had halfconfefs'd and half conceal'd his flame The arguments were proper, adequate, and fuf-
DryJtn.
I'o A'DDLE. -v. a. [from addle, To Upon this tree and as the tender mark
;
ficient tocompafs their refpecli\e ends. South.
attj.] Grew with the year, and widen'd with the bark, All our fimpie ideas are adequate ; becaufe &
make addle to corrupt ; to make bar-
being nothing but the effects of certain powers in
;
Venus had heard the virgin's foft addrtfs,
ren. as the wound, the might increafe. thing?, fitted and ordained by God to product
That, pafiion
This is alfo evidenced in
eggs, whereof the Prior. fuch fenlitions in us, they cannot but be corref-
found ones fink, and fuch as are addled fwim; as Moft of the perfons, to whom tliefe
addrtffa pondent and adequate to thofe powers. 1 ,-.'.
do alfo thofe that are termed bypatierr,i<z, or wind- are made, are not wife and fkilful judges, but are Thofe are adequate ideas, which perfectly repr"-
eggs. Brown's Vulgar Errours. influenced by their own finful appetites and paf- fent their aichetypes or objects. InaJt^'iatc are
fo A'DDLE. v. ti. To grow ; to increafe. fions. ffatts's Improvement of lie Mind. but a partial, or incomplete, reprefcntation of
thofe to which they arc referred.
Obfolete. 2. Courtmip. archetypes
ffatts's Lffi'cl.
Where often have reveal'd their pafllon to me
ivy embraceth the tree very fore, They :

ad<v.
Kill ivy, elfe tree will addle no more. But, tell me, whofe addrejs thou favcur'ft moft j A'OEQJJATELY. [from adtquati.]
Tujjir's Hufiardry.
I long to know, and yet 1 dread to hear it. 1. In an adequate manner; with juilnefs
A'DDLE - PATED. adj. Having addled Mitfn. of reprefentatkm ; with exadlncfs of pro-
brains. See ADDLE.
A gentleman, whom, I am fure, you yourfelf
would have approved, made hii addrcffei to me. portion.
I'oor Oaves in metre, dull and
addlc-pattd, Gratitude confids adequately in thefe two things
Who rhyme below even David's pfalms tranihtcd. that it is a debt; anJ, fecondly, that it is
firft,
3. Manner of addrefling another; as,
we fuch a debt as is left to every man's in^e.'uity,
To ADDRE'SS, v. a.
[addre/er, Fr. from fay, a man of an happy or a pleajtng ad- v ''her he will pay or no.
;; Soutb*
from drrfs a man ;
an awkward addrefs. 2. Jt is ufed with the particle to.
derefar, Span, dirigo, direftum, of
the necefTary Chriftian virtue. ;iropor-
Lat.] 4. Skill, dexterity. Piety is

I could produce innumerable inftances from my ,:dtqujtcly to the omrjifcience

and fpiritu-
1. To prepare one's felf to enter upon'any own obfervation, of events imputed to the pro- ality of that infinite Deity.
aftion ; as, be addre/ed himfelf to the found /kill and address of a miniftcr, which, in ndamtMals.
work. It has to before the thing. reality, were either mere effects of negligence,
With him the Palmer eke, in habit fad,
A'DEQJJATENESS. [from adequate.']
n.f.
weaknefs, humour, pafiion, or pride, or at bed The Hate of being adequate ; juftncfs of
Himfelf eddrtft to that adventure hard. but die natural cowrie of things left to themselves.
j exaftnefs
of proportion.
reprefentation
t'uy Suei Swift.
ADI;SPO'TICK.
 A D H A D J A D J
ADESPO'TICK. adj. Not abfolute ; hot thing. Adkejion generally ufed in the is ADJECTI'TIOUS. adj. [from adjetlioit.']
defpotick. Diil. natural, aad adherence in the metapho- Added thrown in upon the reft.
;

To ADHE'RE. -v. a. [adbetreo, Lat.] rical fenfe :

as, the adhsfeon of iron to the A'DJECTIVE. n.f. [adjeflitium, Lat.] A
I. To itick to ; as, wax to the finger; magnet ; and adherence of a client to hii word added to a noun, to fignify the ad-
before the thing.
with to patron. dition feparation of fome quality,
or
3. To ftick, in a figurative fenfe; to be Why therefore may not the minute parts oi circumftance, or manner of being ; as,
other bodies, if they be conveniently maped fjr
confiftent ; to hold together. good, lad, are adjt&ivct, becaufe, in
adbefiin, ftick to oce another, as well as ftick
to
Why every thing adheres together, that no dram this Ipirit? fpeech, they are applied to nouns, to
of a fcrupie, nolcruple of a fcruple, no incredu- Byli.
lous or unfate circuroftance
The reft
confifting wholly in the fenfible con- modify their iignification, or intimate
fi^u:ation, as fmooth and rough; or elfe m'ore, the manner of exiitence in the
a^aktfftarfi Twelfth Nigtt. things
or lefs, firm adbefun of the parts, as hard and
To remain Clarke's Latin Gram.
3. firmly fixed to a party, per- fot'c, tough and brittle, are obvious. Lacks.
flgnified thereby.
Ail the verfincation of Claudian is included
fon, or opinion. Prove that all things, on occafion,
within the compafs of four or five lines ; perpetu-
Good gentlemen, he hath much talk'd of you Love union, and defire adbejion. Prior,
ally clofing liis lenfe at the end of a verfe, and that
;

And fur: I am, two men there are not living, 2. It is fometimes taken, like adherence, verf: commonly which they call golden, or two
To whom he more adheres, Shakefp. Hamlet,
figuratively, for firmnefs ia an opinion, fubltantivcs and two adjectives, with a verb betwixt
Every man of lenfe will agree with me, that
them, to keep the peace.
or fteadinefs in a practice. Dryden*
fingularky is laudable, when, in contradiction t>
a mul; tuJ~,
:
it adbtres to the dictates of con- The ume want of fincerity, the fame adbejicn A'DJECTIVELY. ad<v. [from adjecJive.]
fcience, morality, and honour. Boyle.
to vice, and averfion from gcodnefs, will be After the manner of an adjective a ;

ADHE'RENCE. n.f. [from adhere.] See equally a reafon for their rejecting any proof term of grammar.
whatfoever. Atterbury,
ADHESION. ADIEU', adv. [from a Dieu, ufed ellipti-
ADHE'SIVE. adj. [from adkejion,] Stick-
I. The quality of adhering, or flicking; cal ly for a Dieu je <vous commends, ufed
tenacious. ing ;
friends.] The form
tenacity. at the departure of
It' Bow, yet fure,
ctdbefrvc to the tract,
z. In a figurative fenfe, fixednefs of mind ; Hot-fteaming p. Tbttnfon.
of parting, originally importing a com-
fteadinefs ; fidelity. To ADHi'BIT. -v. a. To mendation to the Divine care, but novy
[adhibeo, Lat.]
The firm adherence of the Jews to their religion to make ufed, in a popular fenfe, foipetimes to
apply ; ufe of.
is no lefs remarkable than their diiperfiop ; conji-
it as perfecuted or contemned o\er the
a neccffary ingredient in all facrifkes, was
, things inanimate ; farewell.
dering adhibited and required in this view only as an em- Ne gave him leave to bid that aged fire
whole earth. Addijon. blem of put location. Adieu, but nimbly ran her wonted courfe.
A
conftant adherence to one lort of diet ma)
a Bi/tap.
have bdd cfTe-fts on any conftitution. Prefidint Fort- 1^1 Letter to
Fairy Sjiren.
ADHIBI'TION. Ufe a mor^
fpacious ceremony to the noble
Arbu'.Li. t en Aliments,
r
n.f. [from adhibit.] Ap- retrained
Dift. lords; you yourfeli' within the lift of
Plain good fcnf:, and a firm adherence to ihe plication; ufe. too cold an adieu ; be more expreffive to them.
point, have proved nvre effectual than t icfe arcs,
ADJA'CENCY. n.f. [from adjaceb, Lat.]
which are contemptuously called the Ipirit or r.e- Sbateff care's stlfi iatll that ends ivtlf.
1. The ftate of
lying clofe to another thing. While now I take my laft adieu,
gociating. S-wif:. Heave thou no figh, nor ihed a tear;
2. That which is adjacent. See ADJA-
.ADHE'RENCY. n.f. [The fame with W- Left yet my half-cl'is'd eye may view
CENT.
berence.~\ Becaufe the Cape hath fea on both fides ne.ir
On earth an object worth its care. Prior*
1. Steady attachment. it, and other lands, remote as it were,
To ADJO'IN. v. a. [adjoindre, Fr. ad-
equi-
2. That which adheres. diftant from it ; therefore, at that point, the jungo, Lat.]
Vices have a nat.ve adbtrincy of vexation. r.eedlc is nut diitrucieJ by the vicinity of adja- i. To join to ; to unite to ; to put to.
Decay of Piety. cencies. Bryjvtis Yul^lr Errour:, As one who long in populous city p,-nt
ADHE'RENT. adj. [from adhere.] ADJA'CIHT. adj. [adjacent, Lat.] Lying Forth ifTuing on a fuoimer's morn to breathe
to. Among the pleafant villages and farms
bordering upon fomc-
1. Sticking near or clofe ;
Clofe to the cliff with both his hands he clung, Adjoin d, from each thing met conceives delight.
And ftuck adbeter.t, and fufpendeJ hung. thing. Milton,
Pcfe. It corrupt within itfelf, although no part of
may Corrections or improvements fliould be as re-
2. United with. into the b 'dy adjacent.
it ifTue Bj.n. marks adjiintd, by way of note or commentary,
Modes
are did to be inherent or adherent, that Uniform pellucid mediums, fuch as water, have in their proper places, and
is, proper or improper. Adherent or impropei- no fenfible reflection but in their external fuper- fuperadded to a regular
treat! fe.
modes arifc from the joining of fomc acciuVntil ficies, where they are adjacent to other mediums
fubftance to the thief fubject, which yet may be of a different deoiity. Newton.
2. To fatten by a joint or juncture."
feparated from it; fo when a bowl is wet, or a
As a malty wheel
ADJA'CE,MT. n.f. That which lies next Fixt on the fummit of the higheft mounf,
boy i clothed, thefe are aJbfrrr.i modes; for the another.
water and the clcthes are diftinct Jubilances which To whofe huge fpoke ten thoufand lefler things
adhere to the bowl, or to t't boy. Watts i Lcgick. The fenfe of the author goes vifibly in its own Are mortis'd and adjoined.
:
Sbakefpeare.
and the words receiving a determined fenfe
ADHE'RENT. n.f. [from adhere.]
train,
from their companions and adjacenti, will not
ToAojo'iN. v. a. To be
contiguous to ;
The perfon to lie next, fo as to have
1 . that adheres ; one that fnp- confem tt> give countenance and colour to what nothing be-
tween.
ports the caufe, or follows the fortune muft be fupported at any rate. Lvcke.
of another a follower, a partifan. ADI A'PHOROUS. Th' adjoining fane, th* aflembled Greeks ex-
; adj. [x^xSo^, Gr.] prefs'd,
Princes muff, give protection to their fubjects Neutrnl particularly ufed of fomefpirits
and a'dbertnts, wht.n worthy occaHon fhall require
;
And hunting of the Caledonian heart. Drydcti.
and falls, which are neither of an acid In learning any thing, as little fliould be pro-
it.
Raleigh.
A
new war muft be undertaken upon the advice or alkaline nature. >uincy. pofed to the mind at once, as is poflible; and,
of thofe, wh", with their partifans and adltrrrn, Our adiaphorous fpirit may be obtained, by dif-
that being underftood and fully maftered,
proceed
to the next
were to be the fole gainers by it. tilling the liquor that is afforded by woods and adjoining, yet unknown, umple, un-
Siuift.
divers other bodies. perplexed propofition, belonging r/> the nu'.ler in
Beyle.
2. Any thing outwardly belonging to a ADIA'HORY. hand, and tending to the clearing what
n.f. [aJiapojia, Gr.] Neu- is
princi--
pcrlon. pa'ly dcfigned. Locke.
trality ; indifference.
they cannot (hake the main fort,
T To
mud try if they can pnflefs thcmfelves of the 7o ADJE'CT. i/. a. \_adjicio, attjeflntn, ADJO'URN. -v. a.
[adjourner, Fr.]
i. To put otf to another day, naming the
our.vxk.,, raife fome prejudice againft his difcie- Lat.] To add to ; to put to another time a term ufed in juridical pro-.
tion, his humour, his ca riage, and his ettrijific ;
thing.
adberer.lt. Government of the Tongut .
ceedings ; as, of parliaments, or courts
ADJE'CTION. n.f. [adjeflio, Lat.]
ADHE'RER. n.f. [horn adhere.] He that
The act of adjecting, or adding.
of juftice.
1 .
adheres. 1 he tjun being abfent, 'tis a needful fitnefi,
2. The thing adjected, or added. That we
H-: i.u.'h: to be indulgent to tender confcicncfs; adjourn this court to further day.
j T hat unto every poii'd 'tf lull hur, an
: the f-nrie t'rn", a rl;m ai b*rer to the efta- adjetfion Sbakefpeare,
of jne ounce of quickfi.wr; 01 jnto every the king's authority alone, and by his writs,
bliflird church. pound By
Swift. of petre, one ounce of fal-amm? niac, will much
ADHE'SION. n.f. [adharjio, Lat.] they ar-! afTembled, and by him alone are they
im-nd the force, and confcquently the rrport, 1
prorogued and diilolved but each houfe may ad,
1. The aft or ftate of
llicking to fome- find no verity. Brfwn'i Vulgar Ernurs, itUU.
j
Bjcoitf
J6itrn
*. To
 A D J A D J ADM
a. To put off; to defer ; to let (lay to a Learning but inadjuafr to ourfc'.f,
is 2. The (late of being put in method, or
future time. And where we are, our learning likewife is* Sbak.
But I make hafte to consider as abftraclcd regulated.
of gods, you It is a vulgar idea we have of a watch or clock,
Then, Jupiter, thou king from a court, which (if you will give me leave to when we conceive of it as an inftrument made lo
Why hail thou thus ttdjourn'd
ufe a term of logick) is only an adjunft, not a
The graces for his merits due, (hew the hour : but it is a learned idea which the
dolours turn'd.
all to propriety, of happmefs. Drydev. watch-maker has of who knows all the feveral
Being Sbalttff. Cymt. The talent of difcretion, in its feveral adjunfli it,
Crown high the goblets with a chearful draught :
parts of it, togefher with the various connections
and circumstances, is no where fo ferviceable as to
Enjoy the prcient hour, adjourn the future thought. and adjujtmetiti of each part. ffaltt'i Logick.
the clergy.
Dry den.
A
S-wifi.
A'D JUT A NT. petty officer, whofe
n. f. A
The formation of animals being foreign to my 2. perfon joined to another. This fenfe
m duty is to aflilt the major, by diftribut-
purpofe, I ihall adjourn the confi.ierari of it t >
rarely occurs.
another occasion. Wocdivard'i Natural Hijlory . He made him the aflbciate of his heir-apparent, ing the pay, and overfeeing the punifh-
ADJO'URNMENT. a.f. together with the lord Cottington (as an aajurf? ment, of the common men.
[adjournment, Fr.] of lingular experience and truft) in foreign travels,
1. An alignment of a To ADJU'TE. a.
day, or a putting and in a bufinefs of love. Wotton.
i/.
[adju-vo, adjutum,
off till another day.
A'DJUNCT. United with; imme- Lat.] To help ; to concur: a word not
adj. now in ufe.
Adjsurnrr.fnt in tyre, an appointment of a day,
when the juitices in eyre mean to tit again
diately confequent. For there be
So well, that what you bid me undertake,
Cvweli. Six bachelors as bold as he,
difmiiTion to Though that my death were ajjunfi to my a4>,
2. Delay procraftination
; ;
I'd do 't. Adjutiag to his company ;
Sbateff. King John. And each one hath his livery.
a future time.
ADJU'NCTION. n.f. [aJjunOio, Lat.]
We will and we will not, and then we will not
The aft of adjoining, or coupling to- ADJU'TOR.
Benycnfu-.'i UnJcrivooJi,
again, and we will. Ac this rate we run our lives 1.
n.f. [adjutor, Lat.] A helper-
out in adjournments from time to time, out of a gether.
fantaftical levity that holds us oft' and on, betwixt The thing joined.
2.
ADJU'TORY. That
hawk and buzzard. adj. \adjutorius, Lat.]
L'EJIrangr. ADJU'NCTIVE. n.f. [adjunffivus, Lat.] which helps. Dia.
A'nipovs.ae/j. [aatyo/tfj, Lat.] Fat. DiS. 1. He that joins.
ADJU'TRIX. n.f. [Lat.] She who helps.
A'nir. n.f. [adirui, Lat.] A paffage for 2. That which is joined. Did.
the conveyance of water under ground ADJURA'TION. n.f. [adjuratio, Lat.]
;

a pafiage under ground in general ; a 1 The aft of

A'DJUVANT. adj. [adjuvant, Lat.]
' Help-
adjuring, or propofing an
.
ful ; ufeful. Dia.
term among the minemen. oath to another.
For conveying away the water, they fland in aid 2. The form of oath
To A'DJUVATE. i>. a. [adju<vo, Lat.] To
of fundry devices as, adits, pumps, and wheels, propofed to another. help ; to further ; to put forward.
'
; When thefe learned men faw Jicknefs and frenzy
driven by a dream, and interchangeably filling and
cured, the dead raifed, the oracles put to filence,
emptying two buckets. Carevj.
the dzmons and evil fpirits forced to confefs triem- ADMEASUREMENT, n.f. [See MEA-
The delfs would be fo flown with waters (it be-
to make adits or foughs to drain
felves no gods, by perfons, who only made ufe of SURE.] The adjuftment of proportions ;
ing imj-ofhble any
prayer and adjurations in the name of their cruci- the aft or practice of meafuring accord-
them) that no gins or machines could (uffice to lay
fied Saviour ; how could they doubt of their Sa-
and keep them dry. viour's power on the like occafions ? ing to rule.

ADI'TION. Admeasurement is a writ, which lieth for the

n.f. [from adeo, aditum, Lat.] Add-on on the Cbriftian Religion.
bringing of thofe to a mediocrity, that ufurp more
The aft of going to another. Dia. To ADJU'RE. -j. a.
[adjure, Lat.] To thru: their part. It lieth in two cafes : one is
To ADJU'DGE. <v. a.
[adjudico, Lat.] impole an oath upon another, prefcrib- termed adrr.fiifurenient of dower, where the widow
i . To give the thing controverted to one ing the form in which he (hall fwear. of the dcceaied holdeth from the heir, or his guar-
Thou know'ft, the magiftrates dian, more in the name of her dower, than be-
of the parties by a judicial fentence ;
And princes of my country came in perfon, longeth to her. The other is admeasurement of
with the particle to before the perfon.
Solicited, commanded, threaten'd, urg'd, failure, which lieth between thofe that have com-
The way of difputing in the fchools is by in- all the bonds of civil duty, mon of pafture appendant to their freehold, or
Adjur'd by
filling on one topical argument j by the fuccefs And of religion, prefs'd how jufl it was, common by vicinage, in cafe any one of them, or
of which, victory is adjudged tn the opponent, How honourable. Milton. more, do furcharge the common with more cattle
or defendant. Locke. Ye lamps of heaven he fiid, and lifted high
! than they ought. Ctvudl.
The great competitors for Rome, His hands now free, thou venerable iky ! In fome counties they are not much acquainted
Cxfar and Pompey, on Pharfalian plains, Ye facred altars from whole Barnes 1 fled,
! with cdmcafurement by acre; and thereby the writs
Where (tern Bellona, with one final ftroke, Be all of you ndj:ired. contain twice or thrice fo many acres mure than
Dryden.
Adjudgd the empire of this globe to one. Phillips. To ADJU'ST. i/. a. [adjufter, Fr.] the land hath. B.iccn.
z. Toientence, or condemn to a punilh- ADMENSUR A'TJON.
i. To regulate ; to put in order ; to fettle [aj and menfura,
n.f.
rnent ; with to before the thing.
But though thou art adjudged to the death ;
in the right form. Lat.] The aft, orpraftice, of meafuring
Your Lurdfliip removes all cur difficulties, and out to each his part.
Yet I will favour thce in what I can. Shakcfp.
fupplies all our wants, fafter than the moft vi-
ADMI'NICLE. n.f. [adminiculum, Lat.]
3. Simply, to judge ; to decree ; to de- fionary projector can adjuft his fchemes. Swift.
termine. Help ; fupport ; furtherance. Dia.
z. To reduce to the true ftate or llandard ;
He adjudged him unworthy of his friendlhip, to make accurate.
AD Mi NI'CUL AR. adj. [from adminicu-
purpofing fliarply to revenge the wrong he had re- The nam-s of mixed modes, for the moft part, lum, Lat.] That which gives help. Diff.
ceived. Knollcs.
want Itandards in nature, whereby men may rectify To ADMl'NISTER. -v, a. [adminiftro,
To ADJU'DICATE. v.a. [adjttdico, Lat.] and adjujt their fignificatiun \
therefore they arc
Lat.]
To adjudge ; to give fomething contro- very various and doubtfu'. l.ockc.
1. To give to afford to fupply.
verted to one of the litigants, by a fen- 3.
To make conformable. It requires the
; ;

Let zephyrs bland

tence or decifion. to before the thing to which the
particle Admmjter t
tepid genial airs ;
ADJUDICATION, n.f. [adjudicatio, Lat." conformity is made. Naught fear i.e from the weft, whofe gentle
The aft of judging, or of granting As to tlie accomplishment of this remarkable warmth
prophecy, whoever reads the account given by Jo- Difclofes well the earth's all-teeming womb.
fomething to a by a judicia'
litigant,
lephus, without knowing his charale., and com- Pti/ifs.
fentence.
pares it with what our Saviour foretold, would 2. To aft as the minifter or agent in any
To A'D JUGATE, a. [adjugo, Lat.]
"j. To think the hiltorian had been a Chrft'an, and that
to to join to another by a yoke. he had nothing elfc in view, but to adjufl the event employment or office ; generally, but
yoke ;
not always, with fome hint of fubordi-
fa the prediction. Addtj n.

ADJU'ST ME NT. nation as, to adminijter the govern-

:

A'DJUMENT. n.f. [adjumentum, Lat." n.f. [adjustment, Fr.]

ment.
Help ;
fupport. Di i. Regulation; the aft of putting in me- For forms of government let fools contefl,
thod ; fcttlement.
A'DJUNCT. [adjunSum, Lat.]
n.f. The farther and clearer adjujitr.ent of this affair,
Whate'er is bell adrt.inifter'd, is befr.
Pope.
I. Something adherent or united to an- To adminiiler juftice ; to diflribute
1 am conftrained to
adjou.n to UK larger treatile. 3.
other, though not eflentially part of it right.
4. To
 ADM ADM ADM
4. To adminiiter the facraments, to dif- did hold !t in his own right, or as adminiftrator tc 1 . Wonder ; the ail of admiring or won-
his daughter. Bacon's Henry VII
penfe them. 2. He that officiates in divine rites.
dering.
Have not they the old popifh cuftom of adrr.ini- Indu'd with human voice, and human fenfe,
blelTed facrament of the holy eucharift
I feel my confcience bound to remember th Reafoning to admiration. Milton*
ftrring the
with wafer-cakes? Haulier, leath of Chrift, with fome fociety of Chriitians o The paffions always move, and therefore, con-
To
adminiiler an oath ; to propofe or other, fince it is a moft plain command j whethe fequently, pleafe ; for, without motion, there can
5. the perfon, who diftributes thefe elements, be be no delight : which cannot be cor.fidered but as
require an oath authoritatively ; to ten- only an occsfional or a fettled adminijlrator. an aftive p.ilfion. When we view thofe elevated
der an oath. Watts ideas of nature, the refult of that view JB admira-
Swear by the duty that you owe to heav'n,
3. He that condufts the government. tion, which is always the caufe of pleafure.
To keep the oath that we adminijler. Sbakefpeare, The rcfidence of the prince, or chief adminl/lra- Dryden.
6. To adminifler phyfic ; to give phyfic torof the civil power. Swift There is a pleafure in admiration, and this is
as it is wanted. ADMINISTRATRIX, She that which properly caufeth admiration, when we
n.f. [Lat.]
was on men's moulders, adminiflerlng difcover a great deal in an object which we un-
I carried who adminiilers in confequence of derftand to be excellent; and yet we fee, we know
phylick and phlebotomy. Wafer's Voyage. will. nit how much more beyond that, which our un-
7. To adminijier to ; to contribute ; to
ADMINISTRA'TORSHIP. n.f, [from ad- deiflandings cannot fully reach and comprehend.
bring fupplies. The office of adminillra- Tilhtfat.
I muft not omit, that there is a fountain miniftrator.]
rifing
tor. 2. It is taken fometimes in a bad fenfe,
in the upper part of garden, which forms a
my
little wandering rill, and
adminijltn to the pleafure ADMIRABI'LITY. n.f. \admiralilis, Lat. ] though generally in a good.
as well as the plenty, of the place. The quality or ftate of being admira- Your
boldneis I with admiration fee ;
Spetliitor
8. To the office of an adminiftra- What hope had you to gain a queen like me?
perform ble. Difl. Becaufe a hero forc'd me once away,
tor, in law. See ADMINISTRATOR. A'DMIRABLE. adj. \admiralilis, Lat.] Am thought 1 fit to be a fecond prey ?
Neat's order was never performed, becaufe the
Dryden,
To be admired
worthy of admiration
\. ; To ADMI'RE. <v. a. \admiro, Lat. ad-
executors durft not adminifer.
jfrbuthnot and Pope.
of power to excite wonder : always ta- mirer, Fr.]
To ADMINISTRATE, v. a.
ken in a good fenfe, and applied either I. To regard with wonder: generally in
[adminiffro,
to perfons or things. a good fenfe.
Lat.] To exhibit ; to give as phylick.
The more power he hath to hurt, the more ad- 'Tis here that knowledge wonders, and there 13
Not in ufe. mirable is his praife, that he will not hurt. an admiration that is not the daughter of igno-
They hare the fame effects in medicine, when
Sidney. rance. This indeed ftupidly gazeth at the un-
inwardly adminiftrated to animal bodier. God was with them in all their afHiftions, and, wonted efteft ; but the philofophic paflion truly
at length, by working their admirable deliverance, admires and adores the fupreme efficient.
ADMINIJTRA'TION. n.f. \adminiftratio, did teftify that they ferved him not in vain. Glanville,
Lat.] #*, z. It is fometimes ufed, in more familiar
1. The aft of adminiftering or conducting What admirable things occur in the remains of
feveral other Short, I confefs, of
!
fpeech, for to
regard <u>ith lo've.
philofophers
as, the conducting
any employment ;
the rules of chriftianity, but generally above the 3. It is ufed, but rarely, in an ill fenfe.
the public affairs ; difpenfing the laws. lives of chriftuns. Smtb't Sermons. You have difplac'd the mirth, broke the good
I then did ufe the perfon of your father ; You can at moft meeting
The image of his power lay then in me : To an indifFrent lover's praife pretend : With moft tf</wrWdiforder. Sbakefp. Macbeth,
And in th' admir.ijlraihn of his law, But you would fpoil an admirable friend. To ADMI'RE. v. n. To wonder fome-
Dryden. j
While I was bufy for the commonwealth,
A'DMIRABLENESS. [from admirable.] n.f. times with the particle at.
Your highnefs plcafed to forget my place. The quality of being admirable ; the The eye is already fo perfeft, that I believe the
Sbakffpeare. reafon of a man would haverefted here, ani
In the rtiort time of his adminijiration, he flior.e power of raifing wonder. own
eafily

fo powe fully upon me, that, like the heat of a A'DMIRABLV. adv. [from admirable.] aJm'.r'd at his contrivance. Ray on the Creation.
Ruflian fummer, he ripened the fruits of poetry in So as to raife wonder ; in an admirable
ADMI'RER. n. f. [from admire.]
a cold climate. 1. The perfon that wonders, or regards,
Drydtn. manner.
2. The active or executive part of govern- The theatre the moft fpacious of any I ever
is
with admiration.
ment. Neither Virgil nor Horace would have gained
faw, and fo admirably well contrived, that, from
maxim fo great reputation, had they not been the friends
It may
pafs for a ad-in ftate, that the the very depth of the ftage, the lowed found
may and admirers of each other.
miniflration cannot be placed in too few hands, nor be heard diftindlly to the fartheft part of the au- jQddijon,
the legi Mature in too many. dience, as in a and raife
Who moft to Ihun or hate mankind pretend,
Swift. whifpering place j yet,
St'ek an admirer, or would fix a friend.
3. Colleclively, thofe to whom the care your voice as high as you pleafe, there is nothing Pope.
of public affairs is committed like an echo to caufe the leaft confufion.
Mdifcn.
2. In common fpeech, a lover.
; as, the
A'DMIRAL. Fr. of un- ADMi'RinGLY.adi>. [from admire.] With
adminijlration has been oppofed [amiral,
.
in f.
par- certain etymology.] admiration ; in the manner of an ad-
liament.
1. An officer or magiftrate that has the mirer.
4. Diftribution ; exhibition ; difpenfation.
There is, in facraments, to be obferved their government of the king's navy, and the The king very lately fpoke of him admiringly
and mournfully. Shakfjp. All's ivell that ends -will.
force, and their form of adminijlration. Hooter. hearing and determining all caufes, as We
By the univcrfal adminiflrathn of grace, well civil as criminal, belonging to the may yet further admiringly obfervej that men
begun
ufually give freelieft where they have not given
by our bleffed Siviour, enlarged by his
apoftles, fea. Co-ivell. before. Beyle.
carried on by their immedia'c fucceflbrs, and to
be completed by the reft to the wo-ld's end ; all 2. The chief commander of a fleet. ADMI'SSIBLE. adj. [admitto, admijjum,
He
Lat.] That which may be admitted.
in battle at fea, overthrew Rodericus
types that darkened this faith are enlig'itcned. alfo,

Sprat's Sermons.
Rotundus, admiral of Spain, in which fight the Suppofe that this fuppofition were admijjlble, yet
ADMINISTRATIVE. admiral, with his fon, were both flain, and feven this would not any way be inconliftent with the
adj. [from admini- of his gallics taken. Knclles.
That which adminifters; that eternity of the divine nature and eflence.
ftrate.] Make the fea (nine with gallantry, and all Hole's Origin cf Mankind^
by which any one adminifters. The Englilh youth (tack to their admiral. Waller, ADMI'SSION. n.f. [admiffio,Lzt.]
ADMINISTRATOR, n. f.
[adminijlrator, 3. The ftlip which carries the admiral or The aft or praftice of admitting.
1.
Lat.] commander of the fleet. 'I h re was alfo enacted that charitable law, for
.1. Is properly taken for him that has the The admiral galley, wherein the emperor him- the admijjian of poor fuitors without fee ; whereby
goods of a man dying inteftate com- was, by great mifchance, ftruck upon a fand.
fclf
poor men became rather able to vex, than unable
Knolles to fue. Bacon's Henry VII.
mitted to his charge by the
ordinary, A'DMIR ALSHIP. n.f. [from admiral.] of our folitary fituacion, and our rare
and is accountable for the fame, when. By means
The office or power of an admiral. admiffion
of ftrangers, we know molt part of the
ever it fhall pleafe the
ordinary to call A'DMIRALTY. n.f. [amiraulte, Fr.] The habitable world, and are ourfelves unknown.
upon him thereunto. Ccnvell. Bacon's Ne*iv Atalantii ,

fi
->lydiligent to enquire and oh- power, or officers,
appointed
for the ad-
2. The ftate of being admitted.
f'Tj'. what became of the king of Arragon, in miniftration of naval affairs. father faw you ill defigns purlue;
My
'-g the kingdom of Cj.lilie, and whether he ADMIRA'TJON, n.f. \admiratio, Lat.] Ad jpy admiffian Ihow'd his (cat of you. Dryden.
Co<k.
 ADM ADM ADO
Cp4 Jid then eettife m.in's hopes with the ex- '

There re fome ideas wVich have aJr>:!trsnctOn\)- ef fouls, to intermingle fometimei with other
petitions of a better paradifc, or a more intimate through one fenfe, which is
peculiarly adapted to more neccflafy thing', concerning th-fis
aJn..ti;ti'.i>

tdmijfa* to himfelf. Soatb's Scrircnt. receive them. Locke. nut umi.xiii.ii;.

Our king defcends frum Jove : .
Cuftom, or prerogative, of being ad- From this aJmor.ition they took only occafion to
And hither are we come by bis command, mitted to great perfons : a fenfe now redouble their fault, and .

To crave admiijicn in your happy land. Drjdn. up.m a fccond and third attii:st:tticr, the? had no-
out of ufe.
3. Admittance ; the power of entering, or thing to plead for their unl'cafonabl drov.'fiT,
:

Sir John, you are * gentleman of excellent

'

'i Srrmcwj.
being admitted. breeding, of great admittance, authentick in your ADMONI'TIONER.
All firings have fome degree of heat, none ever [from admonition.]
n.f.
place and perfon, generally allowed for your many
freezing, no not in the longelr and fevereft frofts ; warlike, courtlike, and learned preparations.
A liberal difpenfcr of admonition ; a
efpecially thofe, where there is fuch a fitc and dif- general advifer. A ludicrous term.
pofuion of the ilrita as gives frsie and eafy ad- Albeit the admwtkntrs did fcem at firft to like
.. Conceffion of a po fit ion.
rniflitH to this heat. Woodward's ffatural no form of prayer at all, but thought it
Iliflory. Nor could the Pythagorean give eafy admittance prcfciipt
4. [In the ecclefiaflical law.] It is, when thereto; for, holding that feparate fouls fuccef-
the bed that their minifter Ihould always be left at

the patron prefents a clerk to a church liberty 'to pray,

as his own difcrction did fer\c,
fivcly fupplied other bodies, they could hardly al-
their defender, and his afi'ociates, have fnhence
that is vacant, and the bimop, upon low the railing of fouls from other worlds.
Brvton's Vulgar Errours. propofed to the world a fuim as thcmfclvcs did
examination, admits and allows of fuch like. Hooker.
clerk to be fitly qualified, by faying, "o ADMI'X. <v. a. [admifceo, Lat.] To
ADMO'N ITOR.Y. [admonitorius , Lat.]
Admitlo te habilem. Ayltfe's Parergon.
mingle with fomething elfe. adj.
ADVII'XTION. n. f. [from admix.] The That which admonifhes.
5.
The allowance of an argument ; the The fcntence of rcafon is either mandatory,
union of one body with another, by
grant of a pofition not fully proved. fhewing what muft be done ; or elfe permidivc,
mingling them. declaring only what may be done; or, thirdly, ad-
To ADMIT, -v. a.
[admhto, Lat.] All metals may be calcined by ftrong waters,
monjtdry, opening what is the moft convenient for
1. To fuffer to enter ; to grant entrance. or by adatixthn of fait, fulphur, and mercury. us to do. II'. At r.

Mirth, admit me of thy crew. Af:/f;;:. Bacon.

Does not one table Bavius ftill admit t Pufe.
The elements are no where pure in thcfe lower ADMURMUR A'TION. [at/murmurs, n. f.

2. To fuffer to enter upon an office ; in regions ; and if there is any free from the admix- Lat.] The aft of murmuring, or whif-
tion of another, fure it is above the concave of the
which fenfe the phrafe of admijjion into a pering to another. /)/.-?.
moon. Glatrville.
To ADMO'VE. w. a. \_admo-~vto, Lat.] To
tollege, &c. is ufed. There is r.o to make
a ftrong and vigorous
way
The treafurcr found it no hard matter fo far to powder of faltpetre, without the adaiixtion of ful- bring one thing to another. word A
terrify him, that, for the king's fervice, as was phur. Brown's Vulgr.r Errwrs, not in life.
pretended, he admitted, for a fix-clerk, a perfcn ADMI'XTURE. [from at/mix.] The if, unto the powder of loadftone or iron, v.
recommended by him. n.f.
Clarendon. D:'--VC the north-pole of the loadltone, the pov. t

To allow an argument or pofition. body mingled with another perhaps ;

or fnjall divifions, will erect and conform them-
3. fometimes the aft of mingling.
Suppofe no weapon can thy valour's pride felves thereto. Brown's Vulgar f.
Whatever acri mony, or amaritude, at any time
Subdue, that by no force thou may'ft be won, ADO', [from the verb to do, with a
n.f.
Admit no fttel can hurt or wound thy fide, redounds in it, muil be derived from the admixture
of another (harp bitter fubftance. before it, as the French affaire, from
And be it heav'n hath thee fuch favour done.
on Confumption;
Fairfax. Harvey und/aire.]
This argument is like to have the lefs eflecl on A mafs which to the eye appears to be nothing
1. Trouble, difficulty.
but mere finople earth, mall, to the fmell or tafte, He
took Clitophon prifoner, whom, with much
me, feeing I cannot eafily admit the inference.
difcover a plentiful admixture of fulphur, alum, or
Loch. ado, he keepeth alive; the Helots be'.ng viliain-
fome other mineral. Woodward's Natura
4. To allow, or grant in general ; fome- oufly cruel. S'ulntj.

times with the particle of.

To ADMO'NISH. <v. a. [admoneo, Lat.] They moved, and the end perfuaded, with,
in

If you once admit of a latitude, that thoughts

To warn of a fault ; to reprove gen- much ado, the people themfelves by Iblemn
to bind

to counfel oath. Hooter,

may be exalted, and images raifed above the tly ; againft wrong pr.ic
life, He kept the borders and marches of the pale
that leads you infenfibly from your owr.
principles ticcs ;
to put in mind of a fault or a with much ad'j \ he held many parliaments, wherein
to mine. with the particle
Drj-dcn. duty ; of, or again/}, fundry laws were made. Sir jfein Dji'ic s.
ADMI'TTABLE. [from admit."] The
adj.
which is more rare ; or the infinitive With much adi, he partly kept awjke;
mood of a verb. Not all his eyes repof; to tike.
perfon or thing which may be admitted. fuflfring Drydc*.
Brcaufe they have not a bladder like thofe we One of his cardinals, who better knew the in- 2. Eutlle ; tumult ; bufmefs ; fomeumes
vein others, they have no gall at all, is a
pa- trigues of affairs, adm-.r.ficd him ag^r.H that un- with the particle about. '

rilogifm not adm'ntablt, a fallacy that nee Is not jkilful piece of ingcnui-;. if Pity. Let's follow, to fie the end of this ado. S
the fun to fcatter it. Ercit-n. He of \ i
ways All this ado about Adam's fatherhood, and the
The clerk, who is prefcnted, ought to prove to Shall admcr.fi, ar.d before them fet
them of its power, helps nothing
gre.ttnefs to cftablifh
the bifliop, that he is a deacon, and that he has The paths of righteoufn* Mitten. the power of thole that govern. Locke.
orders j otherwife, the biiliop is not bound to ad- But when he was adinoii'Jhcd by his fubject /< It has a and ludicrous fenfe, im-
mit him he came 3. light
fgr, a> the law then flood, a deacon was down, gently circling in the air.
plying more tumult and (how of bufincfs,
; defierd,
adxiltable.
Ajfiffe't Parergon.
and finging, tothe grrui.J. Drydcn
than the affair is worth in this fenfe it :

ADMITTANCE. n.f: [from admit. ~\

ADMO'NISHER. .
f. [from admonijh.' is of late generally ufed.
i. The aft of
admitting ; allowance or
The perfon that admonilhes, or puts I made no moreado, but to.ik ali their fcvcn,
permillion to enter. another in mind of his faults or duty. Uigct, thus.
points in my S'-atJf. H,nrjlV,
It cannot enter
any man's conceit to think it
Horace was a mild adrMmJbtr ; a court-fatirif We'll keep no great ado a friend or two-
lawful, that every man which liitcth fliould take fitfor the gentle times of Auguftus. Uiyc'en It m.ty be thought we held him ca:e!cfs!y,
him charge in the church; and therefore a ADMONISHMENT, n.f. [from admottifo. Being our kinlman, if we revel much. SlcLcff.
folemn admittance is of fuch
neceflity, tliat, with ni Admonition ; the notice by which on Come, fays Pufs, without any more ado, 'tis
it, there can be no church-polity. Hooter, time to go to breakfaft ; cats don't live upon dia-
As to the admittance of the weighty elaftic is put in mind of faults or duties : a
L'Eftrangc.
part logues.
cf the air into the blood, through the coats o word not often ufed.
the TevTelt,St feems But yet be wary in the ftudious care.
ADOLK'SCENCE. 1 n.f. \_adoltfcentia, Lat.]
contrary to experiments upoi The age fucceeding
dtaJ bodies. Arlutbmt on Aliments Thy grave admonijhmtnts prevail with me.
ADOLR'SCENCY. J

t. The power or right of Stakcffeare'l Htrry V. f. I childhood, and fucceeded by puberty ;

entering. To th' infinitely Good we owe more largely, that part of lire in which
What Immortal thanks, and his admonijhnent
Ifl do lineone of their hands ? 'tis the body has not yet reached its full per-
gold Receive, with iitlemn purpofe to obi^'ivc
h buys jJmttarce. fection.
Sbakcff care's Cymld'ir.e Immutably his fovercign will, the ei:d
Surely a daijy expectation at the gate, is th Of what we are. Milui He was fo far from a boy, that he was a man
readied way to gain admittance into the hcufe. we
born, and at his full ftature, if believe jot'ey
South'* Sermons ADMOM'TIOX. n. f.
[a-faofi.'tio,
L^t.
who him in the ll& aJtJefciKf, and
phus, places
There's news from Bertran ; he ddircs The hint of a fault or duty ; counfel inalcci him
twenty-five years old. Rr?mn%
A.imittan;e to the king, and cries
aloud, i The fons muft have a tedious time of childhood

Tins day flul) end our fears. gentle reproof.

Dry den They muft give our teachers leave, for the favin and ad:Itfccncf, before they can either tliemfclvn
Ifift
 ADO ADO A D V
sflift their parents, or encourage them with new a fupreme excellent Being, may yet give him no itwas confufed nor to the heavens, before they
;

hoots of pofterity. Benlley, external aJ:rc:xn at all. Stillitlffleet.

had motion and adornment.
Raleigh's Hi/lory of the
World.
To ADOTT. v. a. \_ndcpto, Lat.] 2. Homage paid to perfons in kigh pJacfi '
She held the very garment of Pofthumus in more
1. To take a fon by choice ; to make him or efteem.
refpefl than my nobls and natural perfon, together
a fon, who was not fo by birth.
O ceremony, drew me but thy worth :
with the adornment of
W!;at is tiiy toll, O advrathr.! my qualities.
1

Were none of all my fa :er's lifters left; Skakefptare" s Cymbdine.

Art thou nought elfe but place, degree, and form,
Kay, were I of my mother's kin bereft ; ADO'WN. adv. [from a and d<nun.~\ Down
Creating awe and' fear in other men ?
j
None by an uncle's or a granJame's fide, on the ground.
Wherein thou art lefs happy, being feai'd,
Yet I could fome adapted heir proviiie. Dryden.
Than they in fearing. Thrice did (he fink ~>adt>ivn in deadly found.
z. To place any perfon or thing in a nearer What dr'mk'ft thou oft, inftcad of And thrice he her reviv'd with bufy pain.
homage fweet,
relation, than they have by nature, to lj.it poii Sn'd (lattery ?
Skflbtfyrarc*! ticnry V. Fairy <%uttrt.

fomething elfe. To ADO'RE. v. a. [adore, Lat.]

ADO'WN. prep- Down; towards the
fome neighboring
ground ; from a higher
Whether, advpud to
Thou above us in thy wand'ring race,
roll'ft
ftar,
1 . To worfhip \vith
external homage ; to fituatiort to*
wards a lower.
Or, and regular,
in procefiion fix'd pay divine honours.
The mountain nymphs and Themis they adore, In this remembrance Emily ere day
Mov'd with the hcav'ns majeftic pace;
And from her oracles relief implore. Dn-dtn- Arofe, and drefs'd herfelf in rich array ;
Or call'd to more celcltia! blifs,
Frcfli as the month, and as the morning fair,
Thou treaii'It, with liraphims, the vaft abj fs. 2. It is ufed, popularly, to denote a high
Adf.'wn her fhouldersfell her lengthof hair.. Dryd'ert*
Dryden. degree of reverence or regard ; to reve- ADRE'AD. adv. [from a and
We are feldom at eafc from the felicitation of rence ;
to honour ; to love.
dread-* as>
our natural or adopted delires ; but a conltant fuc- ajlde, athirjt, ajleep.~\
In a ftate of fear ;
:
people appear adoring their prince,'
and their
cclVi"n of uneafinefies, out of that ftock,
prince adoring God. Tathr, NO 57. frighted ; terrified : now obfolete.
natural wanti, or acquired habits, have heaped up, And thinking to make all men adrcad\.o fuch
L
Make future times thy equal aft adort,
take the will in their turns. ; '-
one an enemy., who would not fpare, nor fear to
And be what brave Oretes was before.
ADO'PTEDLV. ad--j. [from adopttd.~\ Af-
Pcpt't Odyffi-y.
kill (b great a prince.
Sidney.
ter the manner of fomething adopted. ADO'REMENT. n.J. [from adore.'] Ado- ADRI'FT. adv. [from a and drift, from
Ad:p:?dly, as fchool-maids change their names, word drive. Floating at random i as an^-
ration ; worfhip : a fcarcely ufed. ~\

By vain, though apt, aft'eftion. St'.i-

The of elder times deluded their appre- drive.
ADO'PTER. n.f. [from He that
priefts impulfe may
adopt.~\ henCons with Tooth-faying, and fuch oblique ido- Then, (h^.l this rr.ount

gives fome one by choice the rights of a latries, and won their credulities to the literal and Of paradife, by might of wares, be mov'd
fon. dcwr.right adverr.tr.: of cat;, lizards, and beetles. Out of his place, puiVd by the horned Hood;
ADO'PTION. n.f. [adoptio, Lat.] Br',iun'i Vulgar Errours. With all his verdure fpoii'd, and trees adrift
ADO'RER. n.f. [from adore.~\
Down the great ri.ver, to the opening gulf,
j. The aft of adopting, or taking to one's
I . He a worftiipper
that adores a term And there take root, Afi/im+
felf what is not native. ; ;
It feem'd a corps adnft to diftant fight
generally ufed in a low fenfe
;

2. The ftate of being adopted. ; as, by But at a diftance who could judge aright >
Dryden,
My bed be abufed, my reputation gnawn
fliall lovers, or admirers. The cuftom of frequent reflection wjll kfcp
at j and I ftiall not only receive this v. Being fo far provoked as I was in France, I their minds from running adrift, and call their
would abate her nothing ; though I profcfs myfelf home from
wrong, but ftand under the adaption of abominable thoughts ufelcfs unattentive roving.
her adorer, not her friend.
terms, and by him that does me the wrong. Shakejprarc's Cymlf/inc. Locke on Educatiott t
Whiift as th' approaching pageant does appear, ADRQ'IT.
Sbakcfpeare. adj. [French.] Dextrous j
She purpos'd, And echoing crowds fpeak mighty Venus near ;
I, her adirtr, too devoutly ftand
aftive; fkilful.
When (lie had fitteJ you with her craft, to work An adroit ftout fellow would fometimcs deftroy
Her fon into \.\\ adaption of the crown. Sb.i- Faft on the utmoft margin of the land. Prior.
a whole family, with
Jn every adt of our Chriftian worihip, we are ^. A worlhipper ; in a ferious fenfe. him
juftice apparently againft
to call upon him under the endearing cha-
the whole time. Jcrvai't Den Quixote.
r
He was fo levere an adorer of truth, as not to
racter of our Father, to remind us of our ad^t'i ;:, diiremble ; or to fuficr any man to think that he
ADROI'TNESS. n.f. [from adtoit.~\ Dex-
that we are made heirs of God, and joint heirs of would do any thing, which he refolved not to do. terity ; jreadinefs ; activity. Neither
Chtiit. Robert's Sermont. Clarendon. this word, nor adroit, feem yet com-
ADO'PTIVE. adj. \odapttvui, Lat.] To ADO'RN. v. a. [artorno, Latin.] pletely naturalized.
1. He that is
adopted by another, and 1. To drefs ; to deck the perfon wich or- ADRY'. adv. [from a and dry.~\ Athirft;
made his fon. naments. thirfty ; in want of drink.
It is impoffiblc an elective monarch fhould be fo He hath clothed me with the garments of falva- He never told any of them, that he was his
free and abfoiute
as an hereditary ; no more than he hath covered me with the robe of righteouf- humble fcrvant, but his wdl-wMher ; and would
ticn,
it is poflible for a father to have fo full
power and bridegroom dccketh himfelf with orna-
nefi, as a rather be thought a malecontent, than drink the
interelt in an adoptive fon, as in a natural. Batrn. when he was not adry.
ments, and as a bride adornctb hcrfclf with her kind's health Spelfator.
2. He that adopts another, and makes him jewcis. Jfaiabj Ixi. 10. ADSCITI'TIOUS. adj. [euifcititius, Lat.]
his fon. Yet 'tis not to a&rn and gild each part,
Th.it mews more cod than art ;
That which is taken in to complete
Anadopted fon cannot cite his adaptive father
Jewels at nofc and lip^, but ill
appear. Cf/wky, fomcthing elfe, though originally ex-
into court, without his leave.
Ayliffc'i Penrg',n.
ADO'RABLE. adj. [adorable, Fr.] That 2. To fct out
any place or thing with de-
trinfick ; fupplemental ; additional.
which ought to be adored corations. ADSTRI'CTION. n. f. [<tulftri&is, Lat.J
that which ;

is worthy of divine honours.

A gallery adorntd with the pictures or ftat'JCS of
The acl of binding together ; and ap-
the invention of things ufeful to human life.
On thefe two, the love of God, and our neigh-, C:ivlcy. plied, generally, to medicaments and
bour, hang both the law and the proph< 3. To embellifh with oratory or
elegance applications, which have the power of
the adorable Author of Chriftinnity ; and the of language.
making the part contract.
e fays, the end of the law is This will fupply men's tongues with many new
charity. Ctcyr.t.
to be narr.ed, adurr.td, and dcfcribeu ,
1
To ADVA'NCE. <v. a. [avancer, Fr.]
ADO'R ABLENESS. n. f. [from adaralle.~\
tilings, in
i. To bring forward, in the local fenfe.
their difcourfe.
The quality of being adorable ; wor- Thoufands there
Sprat.
Now morn, her rofy fteps in th' eaftern clime
are in darker fame that dwell,
thinefs of divine honours. Whofe names fome nobler (hall Advancing, fow'd the earth with orient peatl.
poem adtin;
AOO'RABLY. adv. [from adoralle.~\ In a For, tho' unknown to me, they furc fought well. HflltOH,
manner worthy of adoration. Dryden. z. To raife to preferment ; to
aggrandize.
ADORA'TION. n.f. \_adoratio, Lat.] ADO'RN. adj. [from the verb.] Adorned; He hath been ever conftant in his courfe of ad-
decorated a word peculiar to Milton. vancing me from a private gentlewoman he
i. The external homage paid to the Divi- : j

She'll to reaiitie; yield all her

made me a marchionefs, and from a marchionefs a
(hows,
nity, diltinft from mental reverence. Made fo ad'jrn for thy delight the more. queen ; and now he intends to crown my innocency
Milton.
S mn a~d fcrviceable worfhip we name, for
1
with the glory of martyrdom. Bacon.
dift'mction fake, whatfocver belongeth to
ADO'RKMENT. n.f. [from adorn.~\ Orna- The declaration of the grcatnefs of Mordecai,
thej
church, or publick fociety, of Cod, by way of ment; embelliflimcnt ; elegance: not whercuuto the king advanced him. Eflber, x. x,
external adoration. Hooker.. now in ufe.
To
It is poffible to fuppofe, that thofe who believe This tttributc waj not givjn
3. improve-.
to the earth, while What law can be advifed more proper and ef-
VOL. I.
F feftiial
 AD V A D V A D V
fectuil to tJvanii the nature of nan to its highcft and, 1 hope, in time, will raife our language to There is a foul count! thee her creditor,

perfection, than thcfc precepts of Chriftianity ? the utmnft perfection. Sioift. And with advantage means to pay thy love.
Tillotfon. ^. The ftate ofbeing advanced; preferment. iikakeffeart,
4. To heighten ; to grace ; to give luftre to. The Percies of the North You faid, you neither lend nor borrow
As the calling dignifies the man, fo the man Finding his ufurpation moft unjurt, Upon advantage* Sbakefp. Merchant of V'trice,
much more advancer his calling* As a gar- Endeavour'd my advancement to the throne. 8. Preponderation on one fide of the com-
ment, though it warms the
body, has
a return
Sbakeffeare. panion.
with an advantage, being much more warmed by The aft of advancing another. Much more mould the confideration of this
it. South' t Sermons. In his own grace he doth exalt himfelf pattern arm us ith patience againft ordinary ca-

5
.
T
forward ; to accelerate. More than in your advancement. lamities ; officially if we confider his example
Thefe three laft were flower than the ordinary Sbakffpeare's King Lear. with this ad-vantage, that though his fuft'erings
Indian wheat of itfelf ; and this culture did rather to a were wholly undefervcd, and not for himfclf but
.;d than advance. Bacon,
4. Improvement ; higher
promotion for us, yet he bore them
flate of excellence. patiently. Tillotfon.
f>. To propofe ; to offer to the publick ; to Nor can we conceive it unwelcome unto thofe To ADVA'NTAGE. -v. a. [from the noun.]
bring to view or notice. worthies, who endeavour the advancement of learn- 1. To benefit.
Phedon 1 htght, quoth he, and, do advance ing. Brciun's Vulg ar Erroun. Convey what I fet down to my lady it fliall :

M.y anceflry from famous Coradin. Fairy Queen. Settlement on a wife. This fenfe is advantage more than ever the bearing of letter
5.
I dare not advance my opinion Jg.iinft the judg- did.
ment of fo great an author ; but i think it fair to
now difufed.
The hath endamag'd thee no way,
trial
&bakrfyeart.
The jointure or advancement of the lady, was the
leave the decifion to the publick. Drydtn. Raiher more honour left, and more efteem ;
third part of the principality of Wales. Bacon.
Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own, Me nought advantage!, miffing what I aim'd.
But catch the fp e.iding notion of ihe town. Pcfe. ADVA'NCER. n.f. [from advance. ] He lUiltm,
To ADVA'NCE. <v. n. that advances any thing ; a promoter ; The great bufmcfs of the fenfes being to make
us take notice of what hurts or
1. To come forward. forwarder. advantages the
At this the youth, whofe vent'rous foul Soon after the death of a great officer, who was body, it is wifely ordered by nature, that pain
mould accompany the reception of feveral ideas.
No fears of magick art controul, judged no advancer of the king's matters, the king
AfoanCd in Pernel. faid to his folicitor, Tell me truly, what fay you Locke.
open fight.
We mould have purfued fome other way, more
2. To make of your coufin that is gone ? Bacon.
improvement. The reporters arc greater advancers of defama- effectual, for diftrefling the common enemy, and
They who would advance in knowledge, and advantaging ourfelves.
not deceive and fwell themfelves with a little arti- tory defigns, than the very 6rft contrivers. Swift.
culated air, ihould not take words for real entities
Government t.f the Tongue. 2. To promote ; to bring forward ; ta
in nature, till they can frame clear and liirincl ADVA'NTAGE, n.f. [avaatage, Fr.] gain ground to.
ideas of tbofe entities. Locke. i. often with cf or over be- The Itoics that opinioned the fouls of wife men
Superiority ;
dwelt about the moon, and thofe of fools wander-
ADVA'NCE. n.f. [from To advance.] fore a perfon. ed about the earth, advantaged the conceit of this
1. The aft of coming forward. In the practical prudence of managing fuch gifts, effect. Brt-wn't Vulgar Eir.urt.
All the foot were put into Abington, with a re- the laity may have fome advantage over the clergy ; To ennoblewith the fpirit that infpires the
it
folution to quit, or defend, the town, according whofe experience is, and ought to be, Icfs of this
Royal Society, were to advantage it in one of the
to the manner of the enemy's advance towards it. world than the other. Sprat. beft capacities in which it is
improveablc.
Clarendon. Ail other forts and feels of men would evidently Clan-villfs Sctpjii Sclentijua.
So, like the fun's advance, your titles mow; have the advantage of us, and a much furcr title
to happinefs than we.
ADVA'NTAGE ABLE. adj. [from ad-van-
Which, as he rifcs, does the warmer grow. Waller. Atterbury.
2. A to come forward to meet a ^. or tage.] Profitable; convenient ; gainful.
tendency Superiority gained by ftratagera, As it is advantagfablc to a phyfician to be call-
lover ; an aft of invitation. unlawful means. ed to the cure of declining difeafe, fo it is for a
In vain are all the pratis'd wiles, "The common law hath left them this henefit, commander to fupprefs a fedition which has pair-
In vain thofe eyes would love impart; whereof they make advantage^ and wreit it to ed the height. Sir J. Haytiarct,
Not all th' advances, all the fmiies, their bad purpofes. Sptnfer^t State uflrtland.
Can move one unrelenting heart. But he took advantage of the night for
ADVA'NTAGED. adj. [from To ad-van-
'Waljh. fpecialiy
His genius was below fuch pr'vy att'mpCs, infomuch that the bruit of tage.] Poflefled of advantages ; com-
The Jkill of ev'ry common beau ; hismanlinefs was fpread everywhere. 2 A/acr. viiu 7. modioufly fituated or difpofed.
Who, though he cannjt fp"!l, is wife Great malice, backed with a great intereft j In the moll advantaged tempers, this difpofition
is but comparative ; whereas the moil of men 1 1-
Enough to read a lady's eyes ; yet can hive no adrvantage of a man, but from his
And each accidental glance
will own expectations of fomeching that is without him. bour under d;fadvanugcs, which nothing can rid
interpret for a kind jdvamr. Swift. Soutb't Sermons. them of. GlanviHc.
He has defer. bed the unworthy pafllon of the .As foon as he was got to 'Sicily, they frnt for ADVA'NTAGE-SROUND. Ground
him back j di-figning to take advantage, and pro- n.f.
goddefs Calypfo, and the indecent advances fne
made to detain him from his own f,*cute him in the a b fence of his friends.
that gives fuperiority, and opportuni-
country. Pofe. Stvift.
That Church ties of Annoyance or rcfiilance.
prince applied h'.rnfelf firft to the
3. Opportunity;
convenience.
of England, and upon their iclulal to fail in with Give me adv^tage of fome brief difcourfe
This excellent man, who flood not upon the
his meafures, made the like advances to the Dif- With Defdfmona alone. Sbakeffeare.
advantage-ground before, from the time of his
fentcrs.
Htuift. Favourable circumftances. promotion to the archbimoprick, provoked or un-
4.. derwent the envy, and reproach, and malice, of
3. Gradual progreflion ; rife from one Like jewels to advantage fet,
men of all qualities and conditions; who
point to another. Her beauty by the ibadc docs get. JPal!?r.
in nothing Clarendon.
Our Saviour raifed the ruler's daughter, the wi- A fjce, which is over-flufhed, appears to ad-
dow's fon, and Lazarus; the firit of thefe, when me vantage in the dcepeft fcar'et j and the darked ADVANTA"CEOUS.<M)'. [a-vantageux, Fr.]
had jii.t ex;i..i'.> the fccond, as he was carrieJ
;
t>
complexion is not a little alleviated by a black 1. Of advantage; profitable; uleful; op-
.rave yn his bier; .inJ |ie third, after he h.it hood.
:fceen foaie time buried. And having, by thef< True wit
dddifon.
nature to advantage drrfs'd.
is
portune ; convenient.
The time of ficknefc, i-r affliction, is, like the
.gradual advances, m.inifeftcJ h s divine pov,er, h. What oft was thought, but ne'er fo well exprefs'd.
co of the day to Adam, a feafon of peculiar pro-
il

at laftexe ted the hi^ii fr. and mo!l gbrious degree

priety for the voice of God to be he rd } and may
of it; anJraifcdhi.nl i nil by his own all-quick-
Superior excellence.
.

5. be improved into a very cd-uantagnus opportunity

ening viitue, and according tj his owncxp A mar. born with fuch advantage of COnftitu- of begetting or incrcafmg fpiritual file. Hammond.
diction. -jftttriurj. tion, tha: it adulterates not the images of his mind. Here perhaps
Map of ftiidy and thought, that reafon rijjlir, Clanville. Some advantageous act may be achiev'd
and arcluvers of truth, do make no great cdvan,
6. Gain ; profit. By fudden onfet, citl.e,- with hell-fire
in tbjpir d.fcoxeries of it. Lvcke
.For tnou faiJit, what advantage will it be unto To wafte his whole creation; or poffefs
4. Improvement ; progreOs towards per thee, and what profit fii^H I Jwvc, if I be clean fed All as our own. Milton.
fectiou. \\\
iTiy
fin ? J^ 1 '
2. It isuied with relation to perfons, and
The principle and objefl of the greateft r- Ccr.n.n it is, that advantage now fits in the followed by to.
imp
room ol confcitnte, and fleers all.
tance in the world to ilu-
good of mankind, and. for 1
Since every painter paints himfelf in his own
and i';man nature. South' ! Sermons^
advantageous to him to know himfelf,
the ar!v.!>i(e .
Ha.'e. *tis
;
works,
ADVA'NCE ME NT. n.J. [advancement, FT.] 7. Overplus ; fomething more than the- to the end tint he may cultivate thofe talents

-. The aft of coming forward. mere lawful gain. which make his genius. Dryitcn.
icrututcnt luaKxs daily advjtcemcati, Weowothce rouchj within th'.s wall offUHi ADYASTA'CBOUSLY. aJ-v. from ad-van-
Jageous.\
 AD V

profitably.
It was
C ftVeniently;

ad-vantagnufy fituatej, there being an

fafy paflage from it to India,
>
^ '
I

%3^&S&#3&.
ADVE'NTURE.
A(D v
c; "
f ^'
'
2.
A D V
Applted to things, that which is full
of hazard; which
requires courage;
by lia. Arbutbna. dangerous.
ADVANTA'CEOUSN-ESS. n.
[from a</- / i. An accident; a chance; a haznrd But I've already troubled
you too long,
an event of which we have Nor dare attempt a more advcm'rous
-.] Quality of being advan- no direc- fang.
tageous tion. My humble verfe demands a fofter theme;
profitable^efs ; ufefulnefs ; A painted meadow, or a purling ftream. A
convenience. The general fummoned
three cities ; one def-
The laft property, which perate of fucccur, and not defirous to
ADVENTUROUSLY, adv. [from at/ven-
qualifies God for the difputc the
objeft of our love, is the adi>arttr defence, prefently yielded ; but two ftood turous.] After an adventurous man-
ufi,tf,
M upon
to us, both in the their Mfoofnv. ner ; boldly ;
prefent and the future SetwarJ daringly.
^. In this fenfe They are both hanged and
_. . _. . By It's Seraphic Live. is ufcd the phrafe, at all ; fo would this
be,
To ADVE'NE. v if he durft fteal
. n. [advenio, Lat.] To adventures; [a I' adventure,
Fr.J By
any thing advmiuraafy.
accede to Chance ; without Skatefffjrt's Henry V.
fomething ; to become part any mional fcheme.
offomethingelie, without being eflen- Blows rkw at all v/ounds and
A'DVERB. *./ [<MWW,Lat.] A word
_ gdikUuru, dc.uhs
tial ; to be g'ven and tjkcn unexpected
know- joined to a verb or adjective, and
fuperadded. ; many fcarce folely
A
caufe confidered in
judicature, is ftilrd an
rnem.es from their friends.
Hay-war^ applied to the ufe-of qualifying and re-
cidental caufe ; aid the accidental of Where the mind does not
any aO perceive probable ftraining the latitude of their fignifica-
is bid to be whatever edvtnts to the st WnoeSion, there men's opinions are the cffcfts
itfelf al-
or chance and tion, by the intimation of fome circurn-
hazard, of a mind floating at all
ready^fubftantiaud.
ADVE
.
Jyllfff ,**,. MvHttra, without choice and without ftance thereof; as, of
NIENT. adj. direftion. quality, manner,
\futvjnitm, Lat.] Ad-
degree. Clarke's Latin Grammar.
vening ; coming from outward caufes The occafwn of cafual events ; an en-
i. Thus we fay, he runs/w//?/x the bird
fuperadded. ;
terpnfe in which fomething muft be left aloft ; he lives virtuou/Iy.
Being thus divided from truth in flies^
themfelves, to hazard. ADVE'RBIAL.
they arc yet farther removed adj. [adverbielis,
by aJw.ier.t decep- For I oioft Lat.]
Uon for love, and am refjlv'd to That which has the
they are daily mocked
quality or
; into errour by try ftrufture
fubt.er fc5ftn. Brvwn'i Vvlgar E murs .
My fate, or, failing n th' aliauure, die.
i
of an adverb.
to
fuppofe the foul a diftinfl fub(t.,nce t'om
1
rni . Dr\'din,
e
body, and extrinfically ad-vmint, be a Thia noun, with all its is
ADVE'RBIALLY. adv. [adverbialiter,
greit derivatives, Lat.-]
error in
philofuphy, aimoft all the world ha'h frequently written without ad; as, -ven-
Like an adverb ; in the manner of an
heen mlftalceo. Glamitllt'i
Vanity ef Dvga-.anfm. ture, venturous. adverb.
ADVENT, n.f. [from ad-vinttis ; that 'is, To ADVE'NTURE. v. I fhould think alta was
n. joined adverlially with
ad-ventu, [adventurer, Fr.l trmu, did Virgil make ufe of
ReJemptoris.} The name of one I. To try the chance; to dare.
fo equivocal *
)i the
holy feafons, fignifying the cam- Be not angry,
W* 1*'
Mdtyn.
tag; that is, the coming of our Saviour ; Mod mighry princefs, that I have c ADVK'RJABLE.^. [from^^.] Con-
which is made the To try your taking rf a fa ]fe trary to
fubjeft of our devo- rep ort. ;
oppofite to. Diff
he tender and delicate
I
tion
during the four weeks before Chriit- woman amorg you
vhich would not gJvmturt to fet
ADVERSARU. n .f.
book, as [L a t. A
the fole of he?
Common Prayer. foot U p on t h c gro und, for delicjtenefs and
it (hould feem, in which Debtor and
tender-
ADVENTINE. [from advenio, adj. ad- nefw n
JJfuter. xxvui. z6.
Creditorwere fet in A
,T- A f oppofition.]
-ventum.] Adventitious ; that which is To ADVENTURE. *. a To common-place a book to note in.
.
put into the Thefe parchments
;

extrmfically added ; that which comes power of chance. are fuppofed to have been St.
from outward caufes F.ir Paul s
; a word fcarcely my father fought and afamurj
for you, dwjtrif. Bull', Straw.
in ufe. e tor, and delivered
you out of the hand of
ADVERSARY, n.f. [ad-verfaire,r. ad-
Asfor_the peregrin* heat, it is thus far true, r'"' s _, >-4,ix. ,
7 . 'verfarius, Lat.] An opponent ; an-
ni., ir t.ie proportion of the often ufcd with the tagonift ; enemy : generally applied to
ad-uminc heat be reciprocal
greatly predominant to the natural heat and pronoun ; aj, be ad-ventured thofe that have verbal or
t the
fpirits bim/tlf. judicial quar-
body, ,t tendeth to diffolution or notable
teratinn.
al ADVENTURER. {adventuner, Fr.] ,. / rels ; as, controvertifts or :
A f J-a ''
t He that feeks occafions of hazard ; he fometimes
^

an opponent in
to
litigants
ADVENTI TIOUS. adj. {ed-vtatitiu,, Lat.l at fingle com-
That which advenes puts h.mfelf in the hands of chance. bat. It
may fometimes imply an open
; accidental fu- He is a great
; advtmurtr, faid he, profeflion of enmity ; as we
Tvcnient; That hath his fword fay, a fecr
extrinfically added, not hard through aflay foregone enemy is worfe than an open
enentially inherent. rpi . . _ penirt Vet am I noble, ad<verfary.
as the
ave ,,,, u ll.ck.ngs of England did not make thfc,- I come to cope. aii-verfary
ftr
rength from cuitom, queft of Irc-lan.l j it was Sbakcffcarf, K\nS L far.
Jrom the humours.
befidej their material cauf
vtKtvrtr,, and other
begun by particular ad- T rites e
and ceremonies of the
D who came voluntar,es, to feek duirch,
their fortunes. which were the felf-fame now tint
therefore,
Though we may call the obvious
colours" g ir j rj av ; c were when
thcr
and the others He intended to holy and virtuous men maintained
ira,,
AwitiriuMi yet fuc
changes of colours, from wbatlbever caufe the
the more
were hke
eaftly
] la

he n,ight win
rd his own a^ion', rhat'ft
</,,, who elfe
hem agamft profane and
deriding */
own children have in derifion.
w/ ar ;,,, her
proceed, may be properly taken in.
I. >d boil, and th'
,/. Hud ,t not bten for the
to be lcfs forward.
XM /v Mean while th'
ad-utrfarj of Ood and man ,
)t<xttcr
advtmhkus fire B.itilh, which the lie
d by war, drew over, and .<t S.tan, with thoughts inflam'd, of
high meats, and higher wim-, require vfnlurrrt or foldiers footed higheftdefign.
temper and allay the burning heat by the war ' and tSU
New
Waters are brought, which
coolneft.
by dccoQion *
g-
buftUS Tl,e,r wealthy trade from pirates'
laft

$**, ''
AnaJvufafjf niaVps
diftbven every Saw and
a drifter fearch into

imperfection, in our
us,

In the Our merchant, rapine fret

Hull no mare a dvtnf,l, be. tempers. A
friend exaggerates a man's
gem-kind, of all the many fo rte .
virtues ;
* up
by ,apidar,es, th:re ar= not above three or
nemy mriames his crimes.
A D v E'R s A T Add\f.
our that are
onginal their ADVE-NTURESOME. i v .
;
divvies, as t, adj. [from adwn- A adj. [atf-virfatlvHS, Lat.]'
uftre, colour, and hardncfs,
arlrtng from the dif- ihe fame with ad-venturous:
ire. term of grammar, applied to a word
a
ferent
Tnatter.
adm,xture of other */;,, mineral
,
>w word,
fcarcely ufed in writing
wnic xi makes fome
oppofition or variety
,fpf
ADVE NTURESOMENESJ. as, in this fcntencc This diamond h :
T-H-E. n.f.
[from ad-vcnio, LatinJ n.f. [from ad-
runt, but //
*<*f*rtfau.] The quality of being ad- But is an adwr.
without
e
thing or perfon that comes from
a word not now in
:
ufe.
vcnturefomc. TO A'D VERSE,
rough.
Jatf-ue conjunftion.

fhe natives be not fo NTUROUS. adj. [ndventureux.Fr.] adj. [adverfus, Lat.]

many, but that ther that I" r0f it has n0lv the
is inclined to adventures and ; fJ :^
r,,
<
accent on
the,
firft
,

confequently.bold, daring, courageous. fyllablc; in verfe it is ac-

ADVE'NTUAL. ajj. [from -
At land nd fca, in
many a doubtful fight,
cented on the firft
.vva, never known a
by Shakefptare' ; on
lating to the feafon of advent more adwnfroui either
Who : knight indifferently, ty Milton ; on .the
lo Mb
daily ufc one other pftner drew kit fword, and always for th* 'ait, by
collc^j a5, nlme , " h Drjden j on the firft, by Rof-
common.

1.
 A D V A D V
1. Acting with contrary directions ; as, ADVE'RTENCE. ./. [from ad-vert.] At- i man, woman, or child ; time of divine fervict;
the hour of the day ; day of the month. Holder,
'two bodies in colliilon. tentionrfo; regard ; confideration. to
Was I for this nigh wreckt upon the fea, Notice of any thing publifhed in a pa-
Chriftianity may make Archimedes his chal- 3.
And twice, by adverfe winds, from England's bank lenge ; give it but where it may fet its foot-; per of intelligence.
Drove back again unto my native clime ? Sbaktff. allow but a fober advertence to its propofals, and it ADVERTI'SER. n.f. [advfrti/eur, Fr.]
As when two polar winds, blowing adverft, willmove the whole world. Decay cf Piety. I. He that gives intelligence or information.
Upon the Cronian fea together drive ADVE'RTENCY. n.f. [from. advert.] The z. The paper in which advertifements arc
Mountains of ice. Mi/tan.
fame with advertence. Attention ; re-
With adverfe blaft upturns them from the fouth, publifhed.
Notus and Afer. Milton. gard ; heedfulnefs. A D V E' R T N G , Or A D V E R T I'S 1 N C /ar/.
I S I .

A cloud of fmoke envelopes either hoft, Too much advertency not your talent ; or
is
adj. [from adverti/e.] Active in giving
And all at once the combatants aie loft ; elfe you had fled from that text, as from a rock.
intelligence ; monitory a word not :

Darkling they join adverfe, and (hock unfeen ; Stvift.

^Courfers with conifers juitling, men with men. ADVE'KTENT. adj. [from advert.'] At- now in ufe.
As I was then
Drydn. tentive
; vigilant ; heedful.
Z. Figuratively, contrary to the wifti or This requires choice parts, great attention of Mvcrtifing, and holy to your bufinefs,
Not changing heart with habit, I am ftill
defire ; thence, calamitous ; afflictive ; mind, fcqueftration from the importunity of fecu-
Attornied at your fervice. Stateff. Miaf.fir Mcaf.
lar employments, and a long advertent and deli-
pernicious. It is oppofed to projperous. To ADVE'SPER ATE. v. n. [adveffero, Lat.]
berate connexing of confequents.
What ifhe hath decreed, that I lhail firft
To draw towards evening.
1

Hale *
Origin of Mankind. Di3.
Be try'd in humble (late, and things advcrje ;
By tribulations, injuries, infults,
To ADVERTrSE. <v. [advertir, Fr.
a. ADVI'CE. a./, [avis, advis, Fr. from ad-
Contempts, and fcorns, and fnares, and violence. It is now fpoken with the accent upon vifo, low Lat.]
Afifroh the laft fyllable ; tut appears to have 1. Counfel; inftmction :
except that in-
Some the prevailing malice of the great, been anciently accented on -the fe- ftruction implies fuperiority, and advice
Unhappy men, or adverfe fate,
Sunk deep into the gulls of an afBifled Oat;. cond.] may be given by equals or inferiors.
Rcfccmmcn.
To inform another ; to give intelli- Break we our Watch up, and, by my advice,
Let us impart what we have fcen to-night
gence with an accufative of the per-
3. Personally opponent; the perfon that ;
Unto young Hamlet. Sbaktff. Hanlet.
counteracts another, or contefts any fon informed. O troubled, weak, and coward, as tri^u art I

The bifhop did require a refpitc, Without thy poor advice, the lab'ring heart
thing. Wherein he might the king his lord adveriife,
Well me faw her father was grown her adverfe To worfe extremes with fwifter (reps would run ;
Whether our daughter were 'legitimate. Not fav'd by virtue, yet by vice undone. Prior,
party ; and yet her fortune fuch, as (he muft fa-
vour her rivals. Sbjkefpt-are. 2. Reflection 4 prudent consideration :
Sidney. as,
As I by friends am well advtrtifed,
A'DVERSELY. ad-v. In Edmund Courtney, and the-haughty prelate, he always acts with good advice.
[from adverfe.] Sir
an adverfe manner unfor- With many more confederates, are m arms. Sbak. What he hath won, that he hath fortified :
; op,pofttely ;
So hot a fpeed, with fuch advice difpos'd,
The king was not fo (hallow, nor fo ill advcr-
tunately. not to perceive the intention of the French Such temperate order, in fo fierce a courfe,
Wh..t I thiiflc, I tifed, as
utter, and fpcnd my malice in Doth want example. Sbakefp. K-i '<g Jain.
:

king. Bacon.
my breath. the drink you give me touch my
-If
I hope ye will aJvertife me fairly of what they 3. Confutation ; deliberation
with the :
.\ make a crooked face at it.
.palate advtrfely t
particle with.
diflike.
Sbakeffejre. f>'gh'-

.ADVE'RSITY. n. f. Af-
2. To inform give notice ; with of
; to Great princes, taking advice iviit workmen,
[adver/tte, Fr.] before the fubject of information. with no lefs coft, fet their things together.
fliction ; calamity ; that is, oppofition Ferhntes, understanding that Solyman expefted
Bjc:r,'s }
<o our wifhes. merchants received
more allured advertiftmcnt, nntu the other BafTas 4. Intelligence: as, the
I. The caufe of our forrow ; affliction; declared the death of the emperor ; of which they ad-vice of their lofs. This fenfe is fome-
thofe .letters with all
advertised Solyman, Aiming what low, and chiefly commercial.
misfortune. In this fenfe it may have their h.inds and feals.
a plural. Knol/es's Hi/lory of tie Tin-/!.
ADVI'CE-BOAT. n.J. A veflel employed
Let me embrace thefe four<i<iWr/;r;, to -advatife the chief hero of the to
They were bring intelligence.
For wife men fay, it is the wifeft courfe. d;ftre(Tes of 'hU fubjefls, occafioned by his ab-
1 AD\'\'sA3Lf.a</J. [from advife.] Prudent;
Shakefpeare !
Henry VI. fcncc. Dryden. fit to be advifed.
3. The ftate of uithappinefs ; mifery. 3. To qive notice of any thing, by means Some judge it acivifaHe for a man to account
Concerning deliverance itfclf
advcrfny,from ali
of an atfrvertijeiaent in the public prints ; with his heart every day ; and this, no doubt, is
we ufe not to fay men are in adversity., \vhenfoever the bcft and fureft courfe j for ftill the oftner, the
feel fmall hinderance of their welfare in as, He advertifed his lofs.
they any better. South' s Sermons,
this world, but when fome notable affliction or ADVERTISEMENT, or ADVE'RTISE- It is not advifable to reward, whei'e men have
crofs, fome great calamity or trouble, befalieti MENT. the tendernefs not to
n.f. [advert ijftment, Fr.] punifli. LSEftrtnge'tFablet.
them. Hock?*.
1. Inftruftion ; admonition.
Sweet are the ufes of adversity, it./, [from ad--vijab!e.'\
'Tis all men's office to (peak pati.nce
Which, like the tosd, ugly and venomous, 1'he quality of being advifable, or fit ;

Wears yet a fr?cious jewel in his head.

To tlnfe, that wring under the load of forrow;
fitnefs ; propriety.
But no man's virtue nor fufftciency,
Kkakc rptare.
To be fo moral, when he (hall endure To ADVI'SE. v. a. [aJ-vifer, Fr.]
A remembrance of the good had made ufe he
The like himft-If therefore give me no counfel
f profperity, contributed to fupport his mind un-
:
; 1. To counfel with the particle to before
:

der the heavy weight Qf^ufatfnKfJfj which then lay My griefs are louder than aJvertifemcnt. the tiling advifed.
Much
upon him.
To ADVE'RT.
j^t'irbu

v. n. [adverto, Lat.] To
St-nkffpeare's ado about Nott'wg,
Cyrus was once minded to have put Crcefus to
death; but hearing him report the edvutlfmcni
- If you do
Arm'd, brother!
Brother,
ftir

1
-
abroad, go-arm'd.

advife you to the bed.

attend to to with
to obferve of Solon, he fpared his liCe.
; regard ; ;
Shaltcjp. King Lear*
Abba'i ef the World.
the particle to before the object of re 'Dcfcripticn
would adinfe all gentlemen to learn merchants
I
2. Intelligence ; information.
gard. accounts, and not to think it a /kill that belongs not
The mind of man Then, as a cunning prince that ufeth fpies, to them. Locke,
being not capable at once
If they return no news, doth nothing know j
to advert to more than one thing, a particular view When I confider the fcruples and cautions I here
and examination of fuch an innumerable number
But if they make advertisement of lies, methinks it looks as if 1 adviftd
lay in your way,
The prince's counfel all awry do go.
of vaft bodies, will afford matter of admiration. you to fomething which J would have otiercJ at,
Sir "J'.bn Da-vies
on she Cnatim. but in effect nut done. Lc.ke.
Ray He had received aJverti/rment, that the party,
Now -to the univerfal whole advert ; 2. To give information; to inform ; to
The earth regard as of that whole a part
which was fent for his relief, had received fome
;
brulh, which would much retard their march.
make acquainted with any thing often :

2n which wide frame more noble worlds abound ;

daren with the particle of before the thing told.
Wicneli, ye glorious orbs, which hang around.
BLickmvre.
The drum and trompet, by their feveral founds You were advis'J, his flefh was capable
fcrve for many kinds of advenifements, in milttarv Of w.iunds and fears; and that his forward
We fomctimts fayy Ta advert the mind affairs: th bells ferve to proclaim afcarc-fire; and, Would where moft trade of danger rang'd.
fpirit

lifijiirn,
to en eljecJ, ia fume places, water-breaches j the. dcpartu.s o:
Sbjkefpearc.
.Such
 A D V A D U A D U
Such difcourfe bring on, They never fail of their moft artful and indefa- That inceftuous, that adulterate beaft.
As may Ska kefpeart*
adinfe him of his happy ftate ; tigable addrefs, to filence the impertinent advijer,
whofe feverity awes their excefles.
Happinefs in his pow'r, left free to will. 2.
Corrupted with fome foreign mixture.
Paradife Loft. Rogers'* Sermons. It does indeed differ no more, than the maker
A
pofting mefTenger difpatch'd from hence, ADULA'TION. n.f. \_adulation, Fr. adula- of adulterate wares does from the vender of them.
0/this fair troop advis'd their aged prince. tio, Lat.] Flattery ; high compliment.
Government of the Tongue.
Dryden's Mneid. O be fick, great Greatnefs ! They will have all their gold and filver, and
To ADVI'SE. v. n. And may keep their adulterate copper at home.
by thy ceremony give thee cure.
1 . To with the particle luitb be-
confult : Think'ft thou the fiery fever will go owt Siuift's Mifcellanies.

fore the perfon consulted ; as, be advijed With titles blown from adulation ? ADU'LTERATEN E ss. n.f.[ from adulterate.}
iui:b bis companions. Sbatffpearc's Henry V. The quality or ftate of being adulterate,
They who flattered him moft before, mentioned or counterfeit.
2. Toconfiderj to deliberate. him now with the greateft bitternefs, without im-
Advife if this be worth
ADULTERA'TION. n.f. [from adulterate.}
puting the leaft crime to him, committed fince the
Attempting, or to fit in darlcnefs here, time of that exalted adulation, or that was n,>t ,i.en 1. The aft of adulterating or corrupting
Hatching vain empires. as much known to them, as it cimld be now.
by foreign mixture ; contamination.
Milton's Paradife Ltft, b, ii.
Clarendon. To make the compound pal's for the rich metal
ADVI'SE D. participial adj. [from advife.~\ ADULA'TOR. ;;./ [adulator, Lat.] A flat- fimple, is an adulteration, or counterfeiting but :

1. Afting with deliberation and defign ; terer. DiS. if it be done avowedly, and without difju.fing, it

prudent ; wife. A'DULATORY. may be a great faring of the richer metal.

Let his travel appear rather in his difcourfe, than
adj. \adulatorius, Lat.] Bacon's Natura! Hijiory, N 798.
in his apparel or gefture j and, -in his difcourfe,
Flattering; full of compliments. 2. The of being adulterated, or con-
ftate
let him be rather advif'd in his anfwers, than for-
ADU'LT. adj. [adultus, Lat.] Grownup; taminated.
ward to tell ftories. Bacon's EQays. paft the age of infancy and weaknefs. Such tranflations are like the adulteration of the
Th* Almighty Father, where he fits They would appear lefsable to approve themfelves, nbbleft wines, where fumething of the colour, fpirit,
Shrin'd in his fanftuary of heav'n fecure, not only to the confeflbr, but even to the catechift, and flavour, will remain. Feltcn on the Claffics.
Confulting on the fum of things farefeen, in their adult age, than they were in their minority ;
.

ADU'LTERER. n.f. [adulter, Lat.] The

This tumult, and permitted aU, ad-vh'd. as having fcarce ever thought of the principles of
their religion, fince they conned them to avoid perfon guilty of adultery.
Paradife Loft, b. \'\.
With what impatience mult the mufe behold
2. Performed with deliberation i done on correction. Dt^ay of Piety.
The wife by her procuring hulband fold ;
The earth, by thefe applauded fchoob, 'tis faiJ,
purpofe ; afted with defign.
1
For tho the law makes null th' adulterer's deed
Thisfingle crop of men and women bred ;
By that which we work naturally, as, when we Who g own adult, fo chance, it feems, enjoin'd, Of lands to her, the Cuckold may fucceed.
breathe, fleep, and move, we fet forth the glory Dryden's 'Juvenal.
of God, as natural agents do ; albeit we have no Did, male and female, propagate their kind.
B/acimtre. ADU'LTERESS. n.f. [from adulterer.} A
exprefs purpofe to make that our end, nor any ad-
vijed determination therein
to follow a law. ADU'LT. n.f. A perfon above the age of woman that commits adultery.
Hooker, b. i. p. 40. infancy, or grown to fome degree of The Spartan lady replied, when (he was aflced,
fchool-days, when I had loft one ihaft,
What was the punifliment for adulterejes f There
ftrength ; fometimes full grown: a word
In my
I (hot h'u fellow of the felf-farne flight, are no fuch things here.
ufed chiefly by medicinal writers.
The felf-fame way, with more advijtd watch, Government of the Tongue, 3.
Thedeprdiion of the cranium, without a frac- Helen's rich attire,
To find the other forth ; by vent'ring both,
ture, can but feldom occur ; and then it happens From Argos by the fam'd adult'refs brought,
I oft found both. Sbakefy. Merchant of Venice. to children, whofe bones are more pliable and foft
ADVI'SEDLY. ad<v. So- With golden flow'rs and winding foliage wrought.
{from ad--uifed.~\ than thofe of adults. Sharp's Surgery. Dryden's Virgil.
berly ; heedfully ; deliberately ; pur- ADU'LTNESS. n.f. [from adult.}The
A D U'L T E R i N E .
n.f. [adulterine,
Fr. adul-
pofely ; by defign ; prudently. Hate of being adult. See ADOLES-
This book, adi'ifedty read and diligently followed CENCE. DiQ.
teriniis, Lat.] A
child born of an adul-
but one year at home, would do more good than terefs : a term of canon law.
three years travel abroad.
To ADU'LT ER. -v. a. [adulterer, fr.adul-
Afcbam. ADu'LTEROus.a^'. [adulter, Lat.] Guilty
Surprife may be made by moving things, when tero,Lat.] To commit adultery with of adultery.
the party is in ha.lj, a:id cannot ftay to confi&r another a word not claffical.
:
Th' .adulterous Antony, moft large
ed-ulfrdly
of that which is moved. His chaite wife
In his abominations, turns you off,
Bacon, Effay xxiii, He adultin ftill : his thoughts lie with. a whore.
And gives his potent regiment to a, trull,
Thou ftiUrftfecond thoughts (by all allowed the Ben Jonfsn. That nofss it aga'mft us.
bcft) a relapfe, and accufelt conftancy of mi (chief ADU'LTER ANT. n.f. [adulterant, Lat.] Sbakejfrari's Ar.tmy and Cteipatra*
in what is natural, and advijedly undertaken.
Sir
The perfon or thing which adulterates. An adulterous perlon is tied to restitution of
John Suckling. the injury, fo far as it is reparable ; and to mukc
To ADU'LTERATE. <v. a. [adulterer, Fr.
ADVI'SEDNESS. n.f. [from adiiifed.} De- provifion for the children, that they may not injure
adultero, Lat.]
liberation ; cool and prudent procedure. the legitimate. Taylor.
While things are in agitation, private m_n may
1. To commit adultery. Think on whofe faith th' adult'rous youth rely'd ;
But fortune, oh 1
Who promU'd, who procur'd the Spartan bride ?
xnodeftly tender their thoughts to the confideration
Adulterates hourly ith thine uncle
Dryden's ALneid.
v.
of thofe that are in authority; to v/hofe care it John.
belongeth, in prcfcribing concerning indifferent
Sbaltijftare.
ADU'LTERY. n. f.
[adulterium, Lat.]
things, to proceed with all juft advifednejs and mo- 2. To corrupt by fome foreign admixture; The aft of violating the bed of a mar-
deration. Saunderjon's Judgment in one Puiu. to contaminate.
ried perfon.
ADVI'SE.V ENT. n.f. [ad-uifement , Fr.] Common pot-alhes, bought of them that fell it All thy domcftic griefs at home be left,
in mops, who arc not f.> foolilhly knavifh as to
I. Counfel ;
information. The wife's adult'ry, with the fervant's theft;
adulterate them with iah-pettc, which is much
Mote I wote, And (the moft racking thought which can intrude)
dearer th-iii Boyle.
ftrange adventure do ye now purfue
What ? p'.t-aihei. falfe friends, and their ingratitude.
man fuch an advantage Forget
Could a be compofcd to
Perhaps my fuccour, or advijement meet, Dryden's Juvenal,
of conftitutir.n, that it Ihould not at all adulterate
Mnte ftead you much. Fairy S^ueen. ADU'MBRANT.
the images of his mind ; yet this fecond nature adj. [from adumbrate.]
I will, atcuiding to your adviftment, declare the
evils, which feem moft hurtful.
would alter the crafis of his undeiftanding. That whichgives a flight refemblance.
Sptnfer'l State of Ireland.
.ClaniiMlei S^epjh Scicntifica, c. xvi. To ADU'MBRATE. <u. a.
[adumtro, Lat.]
The prefent war has fo adulterated our tongue
a.. It is taken like wife, in old writers, for with Itrangc words, that it would be impomble ior
To fhadow out ; to give a flight like-
nefs ; to exhibit a faint refemblance,
prudence and circumfpeftioa. It ii now, one of our great-grandfathers to know what his
in both fenfes, antiquated. pofrerity have been doing, SftfLllort
. like that which fhadows afford of the
ADU'LTERATE. bodies which they reprefent.
.ADVI'SER. n.f. [from per- aj-vi/e.] The adj. [from To adulterate.}
Heaven is defigned for our reward, as well as
fon that advifes, or gives counfel ; a i. Tainted with the guilt of adultery.
refcue ;
adumbrated by all thofe
and therefore Is
counfellor. .am poflVls'd with an adulterate blot ;
I
pofitive excellencies,
which can endear or recom-
.Here, free from court-complianc, he walks, My blood is mingled with the grime of luit; mend. Decay of Piety.
And with himfclf) his belt advifer, talks. Being (trumpeted by thy contagion.
Waller. bkejfcarit Ciir.tdy of Errors.
ADUMBRA'TION. n.f. [from adumbrate.}
i. The
 A D V A E A E R
Me hii has been long out of ufe, being changed
i. The aft of adumbrating, or giving a And propitiation all his works on me,
; to e fimple, to which, in words fre-
and See
flight reprefentation.
imperfect Oood, or not good, ingraft. Milton's Parad. Left. of the Romans
quently occurring, the <r
ADUMBRATE. DVOCA'TION. n.f. [from advocate.] The is, in the fame manner, altered, as in
To make fome adumbration of tht we mean,
office or aft of pleading; plea; apology. and even in Eneas.
it iirather an impulfion or contufion of the air, equattr, equinoilial,
(had an elifion or feflion of the fame.
My ad-uo-atKn is not now in tune;I know I'GILOPS. n.f. [afyiXw-vJ/, Gr. fignifying
My lord not my lord ; nor fliouldalter'd. him,
Bac. Nat. N 187.
i

goat-eyed, the goat being fubjeft to this

Hi/7,
Were he in favour, as in humour,
z. The flight and imperfeft reprefentation Sbakej'f care's
Otbllh.
ailment.] A tumour or fwelling in the
of a thing ; a faint flcetch. ADVOLA'TION. n. f. advolatum,
[ad-volo, great corner of the eye, by the root of
The obfervers view but the backfide of the huig- The aft of flying to fomething. the nofe, either with or without an in-
on the other lide the grave
the right one is : Lat.]
ings ;

but like thofe broken ends flammation : alfo a plant fo called, for
and our knowledge is ;

ADVOLU'TION. The
at beft a moft confufed adumbration. n.f. [fl</W*r/,Lat.] its
fuppofed virtues againfl fuch a dif-
Clanville's Stiffs Scievtifca. aft of rolling to fomething.
temper. Quincy.
Thofe of the firft fort have fome adumbration ADVO'UTRY. n. f. [a'voutrie, Fr.] A- j.gilops is a tubercle in the inner eanthus of
of the rational nature, as vegetables have of the the eye. Woman's Surgery.
fenfible. Male's Origin. dultery.
was the moft perfidious man upon the earth,
He "GI.OCUE. n. f. [written inftead of
ADUNA'TION. n.f. [from ad and unus,
and he had made a marriage compounded between eclogue, from a midaken etymology.] A
union
Lit.] The ftate of being united Bacon's Henry VII.
:
; an adwutry and a rape.
pailoral ; a dialogue in verfe between
* word of little ufe. ADVOWE'. n.f. He
that has the right of
anJ goat-herds.
When, by glaciation, wood, draw, duft, advowfon. See ADVOWSON. Which moved him rather in tfglogues otherwife
one lump,
water, are fuppofed to be united into ADVO'WSON, or ADVO'WZEN, n.f.
[In to write, doubting, perhaps, his ability, which he-
the cold does not caufe real union or adunamr.,
any
but only hardening the aqueous parts of the liquor common law.] A right to prefent to
a little needed, or minding to furnilh our
tongue
with this kind wherein it faulteth.
into ice, the other bodies, being accidentally pre- benefice, and fignifies as much as Jus
Spenjer's Pa/lcrals.
fent in that liquor, are frozen up in it, but not Patronatus. In the canon law, it is fo
iCypTi'ACUM. n.f. An
ointment con-
really united. Boyle.
termed, becaufe they that originally ob-
AD U'N c Ty n.f. [aJuncitas, Lat.]
Crook- fifting only of honey, verdigreafe, and
tained the right of prefenting to any
i .

ednefs ; flexure inwards ; hookednefs. vinegar. >uincy.

church, were great benefactors thereto ; or AL [in compound names,
orEAL,
There can be no queftion, but the aduncity o: ,

the pounces and beaks of the hawks, is the caufe

and are therefore termed fometimes Pa- as irav in the Greek compounds] figni-
Co-ivell.
of the great and habitual immorality of thofe ani- tro.ni, fometimes Advocati. fies ail, Or altogether. So jElivin is a,
mals. Arbatbn'it and Pope'! Mart. Scrib fo ADU'RE. <v. n. [aduro, Lat.] To burn
complete conqueror : Albert, all illujirious :
ADu'NojJE.a^r. [adWa/.Lat.] Crooked; up : not in ufe.
Aldred, altogether reverend : Alfred, alto-
Such a degree of heat, which doth neither melt
bending inwards ; hooked. gether peaceful. To thefe Pammacbiui r
The birds that are fpeakers, are partots, pie nor fcorch, doth mellow, and not adure.
which parrots have an Bacon's Nat. Hijl.ti 319. Pancratius, Pamphilius, &c. do in fome
jays, daws, and ravens ; of
dunaue bill, but the reft not. ADU'ST. adj. \aduftus, Lat.] meafure anfwer. Gibfon's Camden.
Banns Nat. Hift. N 38 1 . Burnt up ; hot as with fire ; fcorched. ./ELF [which, according to various dia-
A'DVOCACY. n.f. [from advocate.] The By this means, the virtual heat of the water lefts, is pronounced ulf, ivelph, hulph,
will enter; and fuch a heat as will not make the
zSt of pleading ; vindication ; defence Eacai. hilp, helfc, and,
at this day, help] im-
body adujl, or fragile.
apology ; a word in little ufe. Which with torrid heat, plies affiftance. SojE/fiuin is victorious ;
Jf any there are who are of opinion that there and jElfiuvld, an auxiliary governour f
4re no antipodes, or that the ftars do fall, thev
And vapours as the Libyan air adujl,
fliall not want herein the applaufe or advocacy
o Began to parch that temperate clime. jElfgifa, a lender of ajjiftance : with
Milton's Paradr Loft. which Boetius, Symmacbus, Epicurus, &c.
Satan. Browns Vulgar Errourt, b. i
a me-
A'DVOCATE. n.f. [advocatus, Lat.] :
2. It isgenerally now applied, in bear a plain analogy. Gibfoifs Camden*
dicinal or philofophical fenfe, to the JENI'GMA. See ENIGMA.
l. He that pleads the caufe of another in
a court of judicature. complexion and humours of the body. AE'RIAL. adj. [aerius, Lat.]
Such humours arc adttji, as, by long heat, become
Anadvteate, import of the word
in the general 1 .
Belonging to the air, as confifting of it.
who
has the pleading and manage
of a hot and liery nature, as choler, and the like.
is that perfon The thunder, when to roll
ment of a judicial caufe. In a ftridl way of fpeak With terrour through the dark : rw/ lull.
who is th To eafe the foal of one oppreflive weight,
ing, only that perfon is filled advocate, Paradife Left,
This quits an empire, that embroils
a (late.
patron of the caufe, and is often,-in Latin, termc- The fame adufl complexion has impelt'd
From all that can with fins or feathers fly,
1
and, in Englilh, a perfor* of the Ion; Thro the aerial or the wat'ry Prior,
ttgatut, flty.
Charles to .the convent, Philip to the field. Pope.
robe. Ayliffes Parcrgon \
gathered the thickncfs of the air, or aerial in-
Learn whatthou ow'ft thy country and thy friend ADU'STED. [See ADUST.]
adj. terval, of the glaflea at that ring.
What's rsquilite to fpare, and what to fpend : 1. Burnt; fcorched; dried with fire. Newtek's Opritkt,
Learn this and, after, envy not the ftorc
;
Sulphurous and nitrous foam Vegetables abound more with aerial partick-j
Of the greas'd advocate that grinds the poor. They found, they mingled, and with fubtle art than animal fubftances. Arbutbnot on Aliments*
Drytlcn'i Perfius C-mioa-.-d, and tidtijiid, they reduc'd 2. Produced by the air.
Z. He
that pleads any caufe, in whateve To bhckcll grain, and into ftore convey'd. The gifts of heav'n my foU'wing fong purfucs,
Paradife Lift. Atrial honey, and ambroli.il dews.
manner, as a controvertift or vindicator. as the complexion.
If me me with her little baba,
dares truft
2. Hot, Dry Jen's firg, Gearf.
They arc but the fruits of adufted choler, and
I'll (hew
the king, and undertake to be
't
Hinoell.
3. Inhabiting the air.
the evaporations of a vindicative fpirit. Where thofe immortal dupes
Her advocate to the loud'ft. Kbakrff. rJatnla
Of the fcveral forms of government that hav ADU'STIBLE. adj. [from aduft.~\ That Of bright wria/fpirits live infpher'd,
been, or are, in the world, that caufe fccms com which may be adulted, or burnt up. Dill. In regions mild, of calm and fercne air.

m mly the better, that has the better advmute, o AnuVriON. n.f. [from aduft.]
The ad Paradife Regained.
yfrn0/animals maybe fubdivided into birds and
is advantaged by frc/her experience. of burning up, or drying, as by fire.
flies. Lackc*
T^l-lc's Mifcellanit. This ordinarily a confequcnce of a burning
is
ufed with the particle fur befor
It is meltet 4. Placed in the air.
3. colliquative fever ; the- foftcr parts being
the Here fubterranean works and cities fee,
the perfon or thing, in whofe favour th away, the heat continuing its adttjlhfi, upon There towns aerial on the waving tree.
is offered. drier and fleihy parts, changes into a marcid fever.
plea on Confumpticns Pipe's Kjjay on Man,
Foes to all living worth except your own, Harvey
High elevated in fltuation, and there-
And advocates fir folly dead and gone. Anz. n.f. SeeAoDiCB. 5. ;

fore in the air.

Pope's F.fijlli AE, A diphthong of yery fre-
or IB..
A walls
which fpacious city Hood, with flrmeft
4. In the fcriptural and facrcd fenfe,
i
quent uie in the Latin language, Sure mounJed, and with numerous turrets crown'd,
ftands for one of the offices of our Re feems not properly to have any place in Aerial fpires, and ciwdelj, the feat
deemer. the Englilh ; fmce the <t of the Saxons Of kings and heroes refolute in war. Philips.
A'KRIE.
 A F F A F F A F F
A'EJUE. n.f. {>>>, Fr.] The proper quality of being ; of This is only the antiquated word for
affable eafinefs

word, in hawks and other birds of prey, manners; courteoufaefs ; civility ; con- affeflion.
for that which we generally call a neft defcenfion. It is commonly ufed of To AFFE'CT. 11. a. [affe3er, Fr. afficio,

in other birds. CaivelL fuperiours. ajfettum, Lat.]

AERO'LOGY. n.f. [iv? and hoy*, Gr.] Hearing of her beauty and her wit, 1 . To aft upon ; to
produce effe&s in any
Her affability and bafhful niodedy, other thing.
The doftrine of the r. Her wond'rous qualities, and mild behaviour. The fun
A'EHOMANCY. n.f. [f and ut7ic, Gr.] Sbakcfpearc. Had fird his precept fo to move, fo /hinff,
The art of divining by the air. Difl. He was of a moft flowing courtefy and affabi- As might ajfcflthe earth with cold and heat,
ABRO'METRY. n.f. [i^ and puty*-] The lity
to all men, and fo defirous to oblige them,
that he did not enough confider the value of the
Scarce tolerable. Milton's Paradife Loft, 1. x.
Ditf. The generality of men are wholly governed
art of meafuring the air.
obligation, or the merit of the perfon. Clarend.
by
names, in matters of good and evil; fo far as
AERO'SCOPY. n.f. [aij and miirlu, Gr.] All ind^nces of charity, fweecnefs of converfa-
thefe qualities relate to, and affeil, the actions of
The obfervation of the air. Di<3. tio:>, admonition, all (ignifications of
affability, men. Soittb's Sermons.
^E'THIOPS-MINERAI,. n.f. A medicine tendernefs, care, and watchfuluefs, muft be ex- Vet even tliofe two particles do reciprocally
dark colour, prepar- prefled towards children. Taykr. and vigour^
fo called, from its afftEl
each other with the fame force
It is impoffible for a publick minifter to be fo as they would do at the fame diftance in any other
ed of quickfilver and fulphur, ground open and eafy to all his old friends, as he was in
mortar to a black fituation imaginable. Bentley't Sermons*
together in a marble his priva:e condition ; but this may be helped out
2. To move the paflions.
as have ufed it mod,
powder. Such by an affability of addrefs. L'Eftrange.
As athinking man cannot but be very much
think its virtues not very great. Quincy. A'FFABLE. adj. [affable, Fr. affabilis,
afftfitd with the idea of his appearing in the pre-
JEn'rts. n.f. [l\9-, an eagle.] Eagle- Lat.] fence of that Being, whom none can fee and live;
ftone. It is about the bignefs of a chell- 1. Eafy of manners; accoftable ; cour- he mud be much more affefltd, when he con-
It is ufed of fu- tiders, that this Being, whom he appears before,
nut, and hollow, with fomewhat
in it teous ; complaifant. will examine the actions of his life, and reward or
that rattles upon lhaking. Quincy. periours. him
He was affable, and both well and fair fpoken, punifh accordingly.
AFA'R. adv. [from a and at., andjar.] and would ul'e Itrange fwcetnefs and blandilh- 'A.idifon, Spfflattr,
N 513.
See FAR. ment of words, where he delired to affect or per- 3. To aim at ; to endeavour after :
fpoken
1 .At a great diftance. fuade any thing that he took to heart. Bacon. of perfons.-
So fhaken as we are, fo wan with care, Her father is Atrides broke
Find we a time for frighted peace to pant, An affablt and courteous gentleman. His filence next, but ponder'd ere he fpoke :
And breathe (hort-winded accents of new Wife are thy words, and glad I would obey,
Xbakffp. Tarn. Sbrnu.
broils,
To be commenc'd in ftroudi afar remote ?
Gentle to me
and affable hath been But this proud man affefh imperial fway.
Sbatifptare's Htnry IV.
Thy condefcenfion, and dial! be honour'd ever Drydcn's Iliad.
We hear better when we hold our breath than With grateful DKrnnry. Mi.'tzn's Par, L'Jl, i. viii. 4. To tend to ; to endeavour after ; fpokeo
infomuch as in liftening to attain a
contrary 2. It
applied to the external appear-
is of things.
;

off, men hold their

found afar breath.
ance ; benign; mild; favourable. The drops of every fluid affcfi a round figure.,
Bacon' i Natural Hiflory, Ni84.
Auguftus appeared, locking round him with a by the mutual attraction of their parts ; as the
-Z, To or from a great diftance.
fcrene and countenance upon all the globe of the earth and fea affefls a round figure,
affable
Heftor haftened to relieve his boy ;
writers of his age. Taller. by the mutual attraction of its parts by gravity.
Difmifs'd his burniik'd helm that (hone tfar, Nnvion'i Of lifts,
The pride of warriours, and the pomp of war. A'FFABLENESS. n. f. [from affable.]
5.
To be fond of; to be pleafed with,;
Drydcn. Courtefy ; affability.
A'FFABLY. adv. In an to love to regard with fondnefs.
3. From afar; from a diftant place. [from affable.]
;

That little which fome of the heathen did

The rough
Vulturr.us, furious in its courfe, . manner ; courteoufly ; civilly.
affable
chance to hear, concerning fuch matter as the
With rapid dreams divides the fruitful ground:, A'PFABROUS. adj. [affaire, Fr.] Skil-
And from afar in hollow murmur founds.
facrcd Scripture plentifully containeth, they did

Add'lfrn on Italy.
fully made ; complete ; iinifhed in a in wonderful fort affefj. Hooker, If. \,
workman-like manner. Dtfl. There
your crown ; is
diftant.
4. Afar off; remotely And he crown immortally,
that wears the
Much fufpefting his fecret ends, he entertained AFPABULA'TIOK. n.f. [affabulatio, Lat.]
Long guard it yours If I affcfi it more,
!

a treaty of peace with France, but fecretly and The moral of a fable. Dia. Than as your honour, and as your renown,
be governed as occafions (hr,uld
afar off, and to AFFA'IR. [affaire, Fr.]
n.f. Bufmefs ; Let me no more from this obedience rife.
Sir tn Hayii'anl.J
vary.
fomething be managed or tranfafted.
to Sbakfjpcarfi Henry IV,
AFE'ARD. [from to
fear, Think not that wars we love, and ftrife affcfi
participial adj. It is ufed for both private and public ;

for to fright, with a redundant.] Or that we hate iweet peace. Fairfax, t. ii

matters. None but a woman could a man direft
a. Frighted ; terrrfied ; afraid. I was not born for courts or great affairs ; To tell us women what we moftaffefl.
He loudly bray'd, that like was never heard, I pay my debta, believe, and fay my prayers. Pope.
'

And from his wide devouring oven ftr.t A Dryd.Wtfc of Batk.

good acquaintance with method will greatly 6. To make Ihew of fomething ; to
a
A fhke of fire, that fhftiing in his beard, aftiit every one in ranging, difpofing, and manag-
Him arl amaz'd, and almoft made aftard. ing all human affairs. Watts's Lcgick. ftudy the appearance of any thing ;
Fai'j Sjittri. Wii..t St. Juhn's (kill in date affairs, with fome degree of hypocrify.
But fell thou not horridly afiard T
me, Hal, art What Ormond's valour, Oxford's caics, Another nymph, amongd the many fair,
Thou being heir apparent, could the wurld pick To aid their finking country lent, Before the rtft affcfitd dill to ftand,
thee out three fuch enemies again. Was all dedroy'd by one r\ nt. And watch'd my eye, preventing my command.
Sivift.
IV.
Sbattfpiari't Htnry To AFFE'AR. <v. n. [from affiir, Fr.] To trier.
Till he cheriftt too much beard, Thcfe often carry the humour fo far, till their
confirm ; to give a function to; to^
And make Love, or me, afcard. affcfltd coldncfs
and indifference quite kills all- the
Sen Jnnfon't Underwood'*. eftabliih : an old term of law. of a lover. N
:'-fs
Addifon, Speltator, 1
7 1.
Bleed, bleed, poor country
/ Coquet and coy at once her air,
!

2. It has the particle before the objeft

Great tyranny, lay thou thy bafis fure; Both dudied, though both leem neglected;
of fear. For goodncfs Blares not check thee Carclefs (he is with artful care,
!

Fear is defcribed by Spenfer to ride in armour, His title is

affcar'd. Skahfp. Macbeth. Affixing to feem unaffefted. Congrtvc,
a: the clalhing whereof he looks afiard ofh\mk\f.
Peacham.
AFFE'CT. n.f. [from the verb affeft.} The confcious hulband, whom like fymptoma
1. Affeftion ; paflion ; fenfation. kite,
It is now obfelete ; the laft author
It leemeth that as the feet have a fymp^thy Charges on her the guilt of their difeafe ;
whom I have found ufmg it, is Sedley. with the head, fo the wrids have a fympathy Afftft'mg fury, afts a madman's part,
JFER. n.f. [Lat.] The fouth-wcft wind. with the heart; we (ec the afftfti and paliions of i
He'll rip the fatal fecret from her heart. Grrtn<v\lle.
With aherlc bUd upturnt them from the the heart and fpirits are notably difclofcd by the 7. To imitate in an unnatural and con-
fouth, pulfe. Bacon'! Natural Ili/lcry, N 97. ftrained manner.
Notus and Aftr, black with thund'rous clouds.
2. Quality; circumftance. Spenfer, in uffifling the ancients, writ no lan-
Milton'i Paradife Lift. !/. x.
1 find it difficult to make out one (ingle ulcer, guage ; yet 1 would have him read for his matter,
AFFABI'LITY. n. f. [a/atilitt, Fr. af- as authors dekribe it, without other f)mptoms or but as Virgil read Eunius.
fin
fabilitas, Lau See AFPAM.*.]
T',-e affeii: jgined to it. tfifcmati. Jonfon's Djfuvtria.
8. To
 A F F A F F A F F
t. To convift of fome crime ; to attaint icm, as joy, grief, fear, and anger, with 8. Lively reprefentation in painting.
fuch like, being, as it were, the fundry fafliions is the lively reprei'entmint of any paf-
with guilt ; a phrafe merely juridical. ylfeetlo*
and forms of appetite, can neither rife at the fion whatfocver, is if the figures ftood not upon a
By the civil law, if a dowry with a wife be pro- conceit of a thing mdifferent, nor yet choofe but cloth or board, but as if they were acting upon a
mil'ed and not paid, the hulband is not obliged to ArMnflure.
rife at the fight of fome things. Hooker, t. i. fta^c. fPsttin'i
How her alimony. But if her parents (hall be- To fpeak truth of Csefar,
come by fome misfo;tune, (he fli.il! have
infolver.t 9. It is ufcd by Shakefpeare fometime
I have not known when his aftfticns fway'd
for affttlatis'i.
alimony, unlefs you can aftfl them with fraud, More than his rcafon. Sbakeff. Julias Cxfar. There w.is rothing in tht could indict the
in promifing what they knew they were not able it
Zeal ought to be compofcd of the higheft de-
authrr of ar,
to perform. dyliffc's fartraon. of affeflions of which fome are mil- Sbakefpearr.
geees pious ;
AFFE CTA'T JON. n.f. [affefiatio, Lat.j der and gentler, fome fliarper and more vehement.
AFFE'CTION ATE. adj. [afftSionne, Fr.
l. Fondnefs; degree of liking; Sprat's Sermons.
from ajfelion.~\
high
commonly with fome degree of culpa- can prcfent nothing beyond this to your af-
I 1 . Full of auedion ; drongly moved ;
feflions, to
excite your love and defire. Tillotfon. warm zealous.
;
bility.
In things of U:cir own nature indifferent, if 3. Love ; kindnefs ; good-will to fome ic of God, and defire to pleafc him,
either councils or particular men have at any perfons ; "often with to or towards
be- men can never be t.x> , and it is as
'

time, with found judgment, rr.ifliked conformity fore the perfon. true, that in their haticd of fin, rr.cn may be
between the church of God and infidels, the caufe I have acquainted you
Innvt'm > to p.tT.
.V*n;r,-': Sn-mtr.s.

thereof h.ith been fomcwhat clfe than only affrc- With the dear love 1 bear to fair Ann Page, 2. Strongly inclined to; difpofed to;
tatttn of diffimilitude. Hcoktr, b. iv. $ 7. Who mutually hath anfwer'd my effcflhn. with the pnrticle to.
r. An artificial (hew ; an elaborate ap- Sbakeff. Mtrry Wives of fVindfor. As for the parliament, it prcfently took fire,
pearance ; a falfe pretence. My king tangled in afftttion to
is bcin t ,
'>( old, to the war of France.
has been, from age to age, an a/eSation to
It
A creature of the queen's, lady Anne Bullcn. Bacon, Henry VII.
love the pleafure of folitude, among thofe who Sbakeffeare.
3. Fond ; tender.
cannot poffibly be fuppofed qualifi-d. for paffing What warmth is there in your affctlkns tmi-ards
He found m.- fitting, beholding this picture, I
life in that manner. Speftator,
N 264. any of thefe princely fuitors ?
know not with h It countenance, but,
.

Sbaktfp. Merchant cf ftnice. I am fure, with a meft affeflionate mind.

AfTE'cTtD.farticifialaf/j. [from afeB.'}
.'

Make
his intercft depend upon mutual afc&kn
1. Moved; touched with affeftion ; in- Away trey fly
and good correfpondcnce with others. and undefiring bear
j4jfi(!ionate,
ternally difpofed or inclined. Collier on Ger.eral
Kindnefs. The moft delicious morfel to their young.
No marvel then if he were ill
afifled. Nor at firft fight, like moil, admires the fair; r
lv:mf'>n's Spring.
Sbakefp. King Lear. For y< u he lives, and you alone Hull {hare
tender.
4. Benevolent ;
The model they feemed af^fied to in their di- His laft
affflivn, as his early
care. Pope.
of the foreign re- When we reflect on all this affifficnate care of
rectory, was not like to any Good-will to any objeft zeal paf-
4. ; ;
Providence for our happincl'-, with what wonder
formed churches now in the world. Clarendon.
fionate regard. mud we obfervc the little erF-ct it has on men !

z. Studied with over-much care, or with I have reafon to diftruft mine own judgment, R- pen's Vermont.
hypocritical appearance. as that which may be overborn by my zeal and AFFE'CTIONATELY. ad<u, [from affec-
Thefe antick, lifping, afeCtitl phantafies, thefe to this caufe. Bacin.
afcltion In an affectionate manner
new tuners of accents. SbakcJ'p. R:ma and Juliet. Set your affc&'nn upon my words ; defire them, tionate.} ;

and ye (hall be instructed. Wijdom, vi. n. fondly tenderly benevolently.

; ;
5. In a perfonal fenfe, full of
affeftation ;
His integrity to the king was without blemiih, AFFE'CTION ATENESS. n. [from af- f.
as, an affeBed lady.
fe3ionate.~\ The quality
and his afftclion to the church fo notorious, that or ftate of be-
AFFE'CTEDLY. adv. [from affeSed.^ he never dcferted it. Clarendon.
j. In an affefted manner; hypocritically ; All the precepts of Christianity command us to ing affectionate ; fondnefs ; tendernefs }
with more appearance than reality. moderate our p.iflinns, to temper our ojfcfli- n to- good-will ; benevolence.
arc wards all things below. Temple.
AFFE'CTIONED. adj. [from ajfenion.~\
Perhaps they are afeflcdly ignorant j they
fo willing it mould be true, that they have not at- Let not the mind of a ftudent be under die 1 . Affefted ; conceited. This fenfe is
influence of warm affetTux to things of fenl'e, now
tempted to examine it. obfolete.
Gvairnmtnt of the Tongue, when he comes to the frarch of truth. An
5. afefiioned af& that cons ftate without book,
Someindeed have been fo affcRedly vain, as to Willis's Improvement of the Mitul. and utters it by great iw:uhs.

5. State of the mind,

Counterfeit immortality, and have ftolen their in general.
Sbatcfpejre's Twelfth Night,
death, in hopes to be efteemed immortal, There grows, 2. Inclined ; mentally difpofed.
Brovin's Vulgar Erroun, b. vii. c. lo. In my moft ill-compos'd fuch
affefiion, Be kindly affefticncd one to another.
By talking fo familiarly of one hundred and ten A rtanchlels avarice, that were I king,
Rcm. xii. 10.
thoufand pounds, by a tax upon a few commo- I (hould cut off the nobles for their lands.
AFFE'CTIOUSLY. adv. [from affefl.} In
dities, it is plain, you are either naturally or af- Sbabtfpeare's Macbeth.
of our condition. Swift. The man that hath no mufick in himfelf, an affifling manner. D:R.
fededl) ignorant
2. Studioofly ; with laboured intention. Nor is not movM with concord of fweet founds, AFFE CTIVE. adj. [from a/fitf-] That
Is fit for trealbns, ftratagcms, and fpoils ; which affe&s ; that which
Some mifperiuafions concerning the divine at- ftrongly
The motions of his fpirit are dull as night,
tributes, tend to 'the corrupt'nj men's manners, touches. It is generally uled for painful.
And his ajftfiicrs dark as Erebus :
as if they were dcfigned and afttltdly chofcn for Pain uneafy a fentiment, that very little
is fo
Let no fuch man be truflcd.
that purpofe. Duay 'f V'.e:y.
Mercb, of Venice.
of it is to corrupt every enjoyment ; and
enough
Sbakeffj, the effect God intends this variety of ungrateful
AFFE'CTEDNESS. n. f. [from ajftled.~\ 6. Quality ; property. and affcflive fentiments ihould have on us, is to
The quality of being affefted, or of The certainty and accuratenefs which is attributed reclaim our affections from this valley of tears.
making falfe appearances. to what mathematicians deliver, muft be rcftrained
Rtgers,
AFFE'CTION. ajeaio,t, Fr. to what they teach,, concerning thofe purely ma-
n.f. [ ttfftc-
thematical difciplines, arithmetick and geometry,
AFFECTUO'SITY. n.f. [from afflfiuous.']
tio, Lat.] where the effeflions of quantity are abftractedly Paflionatenefs. Dia.
1. The of being affefted by any
ftate confidered. Boyle.
AFFE'CTUOUS. adj. [from ajfcl.~\ Full
caufe, or agent. This general fenfe is mouth being neceiTary to conduct the voice of paffion as, an a
; afetluous fpecch :

little in ufe. to the fliapc of ncceffarily gives the

its cavity, word little ufed.
Some men there are love not a gaping pig j voio: fome particular afellion of found in its paf-
Some that are mad if they behold a cat ; fage before it come to the lips.
To AFFE'RE. v. a. \offi:r, Fr.] A law
And others, when the bag-pipe fings i' th'nofe, Haider's Elements of Speech. term, fignifying to confirm. See To
Cannot contain their urine, for affrft'an. God may have joined immaterial fouls to other AFFEAR.
kefp. Mircbant oflrtr.ice. kinds of bodies, and in other laws of union ; and, AFFE'RORS. n.f. [from afire.]
from thofe different laws of union, there will &c
2. Paffion of any kind. Suchas are appointed in court-Ieets, upon
arife quite different affeftioni, and natures, and
Then 'gan the Palmer thus : moft wretched mm, oath, to mulct fuch as have committed faults ar-
That to affctticnt does the bridle lend ; fpecies of the compound beings. Bent'ty's Sermons, and have no exprefs penalty
bitrarily puniuSable,
In their beginning they are weak and w.m. j. State of the'body, as adled upon by any fet down by ftatute. Cifj/tll.
But foon through fufferance grow to fearful end. caufe.
AFFI' ANCE. n. f. [affiance, from offer,
Fairy Queen, It feemed to me a venereal gonorrhea, and others
which arofe from fome fcorbutical affeflhn. Fr.]
Impute it to my late folitary life, is
prone thought it

ffftditns. Sidney, b. i. fPifemtn'i Surgery i. A

mwriage-contraft.
At
 A F F A F F A F F
form the condition required, (hall certainty belong
At hft fuch grace I found, and metnl I wrought, AFFI'NITY. .
/ [afinite, Fr. from of.
to him. Hammond's Fundamentals.
That 1 that lady to fpoufe had won, my f.nii,Lat.]
Accord of friends, confent of parents fought,
i . Relation by marriage ; relation con- 3. Confirmation oppofed to repeal.
:

made, my happinefs beg'jn.

The learned in the laws of our land obferve,
jljptnice
trafted by the huiband to the kindred that our- ftatutes fometimes are only the affii nation,
Fairy S^ucen, b.\\.
fecure of the wife, and by the wife to thofe of or ratification, of that which, by common law, was
Z. Truft in general ;
confidence ;
It is oppofed to conjan- held before. Hotter.
reliance. the hufband.
The duke is virtuous, mild, and too well given gutnity, or relation by
birth. AFFI'RMATIVE. adj. [from affirm]
To dream on evil, or to work my downfall. In this fenfe it has fometimes the par- 1. That which affirms, oppofed to nega-
Ah what's more dangerous than this fonc
!
ticle with, and fometimes to, before the tive ; in which fenfe we ufe the affirma-
?
affi.iace
perfon to whom the relation is contracted. tive abfolutely, that is, the affirmative
Seems hs a dove ? his feathers are but borrowed.
SbaktffMre't Htwj
Vj. They had kft none alive, by the blindncfs of fojlticn.
rage killing many guiltlefs perfons, either for For the affirmative, we are now to anfwer fuch
Truft in the divine promifes and pro-
3. "jfi'-'y
" '^ e ty' ant or enmity to the tyrant-lcil-
proofs of theirs as
have been before alleged.
tection. To this fenfe it is now almoft lers. Sidney, b. ii.

confined. And Solomon made affinity

taitb Pharaoh king Whether there are fuch beings or not, 'ti< luffi-
Religion receives man into a covenant of grac.-, of Egypt, and took Pharaoh's daughter. have bel':ev\d
cient for my purpofe, that many
where there is pardon reached out to all truly pe- I
Kings, iii. i. the affirmative.
A was made with France notwith- DyJta.
nitent finners, and afiiftance promifed, and en- bre.ich itfelf,
2. That which can or may be affirmed : a
gaged, and beftowed upon very eafy conditions, ftanding fa (trait an f]ffiniy, fo lately accomplished ;
fenfe ufed chiefly in fcience.
viz. humility, prayer, and affijnce in him. as if indeed (according to that plcafant maxim of
married. Wuton. As in algebra, where affirmative quantities va-
Htimmwd's Fundamentals, ftate) kingdoms were n-ver fo in
nifli or ccafe, there negative ones begin ;
There can be no furer way to fucccfs, than by Relation to ; connexion with refem-
rr.echanick?, where attraction ceafes, there a re-
. ;

d'fclairr.ing all confidence in ourfelves, and refer- blance to: fpoken of things. fucceed. Newt. Oft.
pulfive virtue ought to
ring the events of things to God with an implicit
The Bric'ifh tongue, or Welfh, was in ufe only he who has the;
affiance. Alterbury^i Sermins.
in this iflar.d, having great affinity tti'itb the old 3. Applied to perfons,
To AFFI'ANCE. v. a. the noun Callick. Camden. habit of affirming with vehemence ; po-
[from
All things that have affinity with the heavens, fitive ; dogmatical.
affiance.]
move upon the center of another, which they be- Be not confident and affirmative in an uncer-
\ . To betroth ; to bind any one by pro-
tain matter, but report things modeftly and tern*
nefit. Bacon, Ej/ay xxiv.
mife to marriage. The art of painting hath wonderful affinity ivitb the degree of that perfua-
perately, according to
To me, fad maid, or rather widow fad, that of poetry. fion, which is, or ought t> be, begotten by
the
Dryd. Dufrtjnoj, Fref,
He was af.anced long time before, Man more diftinguimed by devotion than by or the reafon, inducing
is efficacy of the authority,
And Tacred pledges he both gaveand had ;
reafon, as feveral brute creatures difcover fome- thee. Taylor.
Fa, ic, errant knight, infamous, and forefwore.
thing like realln, though they betray not any AFFI'RMATIVKLY. ad<v. [from affirma-
Fairy >ueen.
thing that bears the icait to devotion.
Her fliiuld Angelohive married, was affianced to
affinity
No so tive] In an affirmative manner; on
MJiJsn, Sfxct. i .

her by oath, and the nuptial appointed ; between the polltive fide not negatively.
which time of the contract, and limit of the fo- To AFFI'RM. -v.
[a/irmo, Lat.] n. To ;

The reafon of man hath no fuch rclhaintt

lemnity, his brother was wrecked, having in that
declare ; to tell confidently : oppofed but negatively;
concluding not only affirmatively,
%eiiei the dowry of his lifter. to the word deny. not only affirming, there is no magnitude beyond
Se>ektffe<ire's Meafurefor Meajurt. Vet their own authors faithfully affirm, the lift heavens, but alfo denying, there is any
2. To give confidence. That the land Salike lies in Germany, vacuity within them.
Brown's Vulgar Errours.
Stranger! wh e'er thou art, fecurely reft Between the floods of Sila and of Live.
AFFI'RMER. n. f. [from affirm] The
dffianc'd
in my faith, a friendly gueft. Sbatfff. Henry V.
Pofe's Odyffty. To AFFI'RM. v. a. perfon that affirms.
If by the word virtue, the affirmer intends our
APFI'ANCER. [from affiance] He .
/. 1 . To declare pofitively ; as, to affirm a whole duty to God and man ; and the denier, by
that makes a contrail of marriage be- fail. the word virtue, means only courage, or, at
tween two parties. Did. To moft, our duty toward our neighbour, without in-
2. ratify or approve a former law, or the duty which we owe
AFFIDA'TION. \n.f. [from ajpJo, Lat. cluding, in the idea of it,
judgment :
oppofed to re<verfe or repeal. to God. tPatts'i Logick.
AFFI DA'TURE. J See AFFIED.] Mutual The houfe of peers hath a power of judicature
in fome cafes, properly to examine, and then to To AFFI'X. <u. a. \affigo, affixum, Lat.]
contract; mutual oath of fidelity. Die}.
affirm ; or,
if there be caufe, to reverie the judg- 1 . To unite to the end, or a pojieriori ; to
AFFIDA'VIT. n.f. {nffida-vit fignifies,
in
ments which have been given in the court of king's
the language of the common law, be fubjoin.
bench. Baccn'i Ad-vtct to Sir G. Piilitn. He that has fettled in his mind determined
mode oath] A
declaration upon oath. Ill this fenfe we fay, to affirm the truth. ideas, with names affixed to them,
will be able
Yuu next 'fize in Lent,
laid, if I rrturn'd APPI'R MABLE. That to difcern their differences one from another.
adj. [from affirm.]
I iii be in remitter of your giace ;
iui i Lockr.
In th interim my letters mould take place
which may be affirmed. and difgrace
Thofe attributes and conceptions that were ap-
If men
conftantly affixed applaufe
Of D'.nn?. where they ought, the principle of ftiame would
C mnt Rechtcren m'ulJ have nude affitiai-it plicable and affirmaHf of him 'vhen prefe-nt, are
him though have a very good influence on publick conduct;
his fenrants had been affronted, and then
now affirmtible
and applicable to pair.
though on fccret viilaniesit lays no reilraint.
Monfitur Mefna^er would have d me him jufticc.
ll<ile*i
Origin of Mankind.
Rogiri't Sermons.
aior, N 48 1 . AFFI'RMANCE. n.f. [from affirm.] Con-
AFFI'ED. firmation 2. To conneft confequentially.
[from the verb
participial adj.
:
oppofed to repeal. Thedoctrine of irrefiftibility of grace, in work.
derived from Lat. Brafton '1 Hi . but rellorc an ancient fta-
rUtutx did
afy, if it be acknowledged,
affido, ing whatfocver it works,
t;ite, which was itfelf alfb made but in affirmance
uling the phrafe affittare midiire;.] Join- there is nothing to be affixt to gratitude.
of the common law. Bacvn,
Hamfftfriit's F^tiiliitnetitatt*
ed by contract ; atSanced.
AFPI'KMANT. n. f. [from affirm] The Obfolete.
Br we ajfied, and fuch afTurancc ta'en,
3.
to fatten or fix.
Simply
Asihail witheith perfon that affirms a declarer. Diti.
:,
Sbtlttff
;
Her modclt eyes, abafhed to behold
AKFI A'T ION. n.f. [from ad and^/;'irj
i.r AFFIRMATION, Lat.] n.f. \_affirmatio, So many gazers as on her do ftare,
The aft of affirming or declaring : op- the lowly ground affixed are.
Lat.] Adoption ; the aft of taking a i. Upon Sfotfer.

fon. Chamf-crs. pofed to negation or denial. AFFI'X. n.f. [affixum, Lat.] A term of
The end
A'FKIKACE. n.f. \affinage, Fr.]
This gentleman vouches, upon warrant of bloody
grammar. Something united to the
hi* to he more virtuous, and lei's at-
aftof refining metals by the cupel. Diet. affirmation, of a word.
than any of our Udies.
tcuiplabi';, In the Hebrew language, the nnun has its nffixa,
'NED. adj. [from a/inis, Lat.] Join- SLaby'feJrc't CymieHn or relative.
to denote the pronouns poil'eHivc
ed by affinity to another ; related to z. The pofition affirmed. Ci'jric's Latin Grammar.
another. That he Jhall receive n., benefit from Chrift, H AFFI'XION. n.f. [from affix.]
It or leagu'd in cm.- e, the ffjprmatitm whereon hi; dcfpair is founded ; am
;

,
irtijily affin'd,
doft deliver more or lefs than truth, one way of removing this difmal apprehenfion, is, 1. The aft of affixing.
to centime him, that Chrift'i cc>th, if he per- 2. The ftate of being affixed. Diet.
1-1 act no fotiicr. Sbaieffetrft Othtllt
G
 A F F A F F A F F
AFFTA'TION. n.f. [aJHo, afiatum, Lat.] 1. The acl of flowing to any
place ; con- dcrs tan afford more f.ncry in peace than
The a& of breathing upon any th: courfe. It is almoft war.
always ufed figu
rntiri-ly. The f.ime errours run
through ill families,
JFFLjfTl'S. ,:.
f. [Lat.] Communi I (hall not relate the
affutmt of young nobles
where ihtre wealth enough to aff,rd that their
is

cation of the power of proplu from hejice into Spain, al'ter the voice of oui fons may be good for nothing.
Tlie writing >t..i lit l-i-, ger.iu--,
po.-t will l>< being there had been i.nifcd. Wotf.r.. Sti : .:/;;.

Tike a prophet without his

ajfiatus.
2. Exuberance of riches; ftre.im of wealth ;
To AFFO'REST. -,. a.
[afcrcjiare, Lat.]
Spend an tbt
Odyfley. plenty.
To turn ground into forcfl.
To _ AFFLl'CT.
_
i: a. \affllOo,
I--v
i.
,
Thole degrees of fortune,
whklfgive fulnefs
It
by CL-ana tir I'arrft.i, that he
a;>pcareth,
and ajiuince to one ftation,
may be want and pe- affirtftd many woods and waftes, to the grievance
Lat.] of the fubjcft, which by that law were difaffo-
To nury in another.
1 .
put to pain ; to grieve ; to tor
Let joy or eafe,
Rtgin. TcfaA. r
JJ, n Da-vifs :n Irtlai-J.
let
efflucrcr or content,
ment. AnJ the gay confcience of a life well
fpcnt, AFFORESTA'TION. n.f. [from afforcft.~\
It teacheth us how God thought to plague fit Calm ev'ry thought, infpirlt ev'rr grace. The charter dc Fsrtjla was to rd'jim the en-
snd Pcfc,
afflifJ them ; it doth not appoint in what
croachments made in the time of Rkbarii I. and
f.>r-n and manner w to the fin ol
A'FI-LUENCV. a. /. The fame with of-
ought puni(h
Henry II. who had made ncv ^, t and
v in others. 7/tofer, i, v. ^ 17. fluence.
much extended the rigour of the laws.
O coward confciencc, how dofl thou me
torctr.

The lights burn blue

aglitt
not dead mi,l
Is it
!

A'FFLUENT. adj. {affluent, Fr. afflatus, Hjh't C:m.5r Laiv cf Erg/and.

Coid
To AFFRA'NCHISE. v.a.
fearful drops (land on
my trembling tk/h. Lat.] [a/i-anci>cr,I<r.]
Sbakeff. "Rich. III.
1 .
Flowing to any part.
To make free.
Give nnt ever thy mind to heavine'l's, and
affiifl
Thefe parts are no more than
foundation-piles
To AFFRA'Y. -v. a. [efraycr, or effriger,
"ot '
eown counfel. Ecclus. XXT. u. of the enfuing body ; which are afterwards to be Fr. which Menage derives horn
A father aJJiineJ with untimely mourning, when increaf=d and raifed to a
greater bulk, by the
fragir ;
he hath made an image of his child foon taken affiut ;.' blood that is tranfmitted out of the mother's perhaps it comes from frigus.]
.
To
away, m,w honoured him as a God, which was ^ dv
Harvey an Ccnf:i in MS.
ft
fright ; to terrify
to ftrike with fear.
;
then a dead man, and delivered to thofe that w;u- 2. Abundant; exuberant; wealthy. This word is not now in ule.
under him ceremonies and facrifkes. I fee thee, Lord and end of The fame to wight he never would difclofe,
A ffijdtim
tear
my defire, But when as monfters huge he would
meUnchu'y tij/licls my eye, Loaded and bleft with all the ajfiutr.t llore, difmay,
And my heart labours with a fudden figh. Prior. Which human vows Or daunt unequal armies of his foes,
at fmoking Ihrines implore.
2. Th'e pafiive to be Or when the flying heavens he would affray.
affliaed, has often at Pmr.
before the caufal noun A'FFLUENTNESS. n. /. [from fairy Qiifn.
; by is likewife AFFRA'YMENT.
The quality of being affluent.
affluent.} AFFRA'Y, or n.f. [from
proper. Difl. the verb.]
'I he mother was (i
afflillid at the lofs of a fine A'FFLUX. n.f. \_affluxus, Lat.]
bry, who was her only fon, that (he died for grief 1. A tumultuous aflault of one or more
I. The. aft of flowing to fome
place ; af-
perfons upon others a law term. A
AFFLI'CTF.DNESS.
The
n. /. [from ae. z.
fluence.
That which flows to another place.
battle : in this fenfe
;

it is written fray.
ftate of affliftion, or of being af- 2. Tumult; confufion : out of ufe.
flifted
The
caufe hereof cannot be a
fupply by pro- Let the night be calm and quietf tme,
; ibrrowfulnefs ; grief. creations; trge, it muft.be by new ajjluxa to Without tempcftuous ftorms
AFFLI'CTER. n.f. [from afflict.} The London out of the country.
"
Graunt.
or fa J affray.
Sp.'rffr.
The AFFRI'CTIOK. n.f. [afrielio, Lat.] The
perfon that afflifts. infant grows bigger out of the
womb, by
AFFLI'CTION. n.f. aft of rubbing one thing upon another.
agglutinating one ajfiux of blood ^.another.
[affliaio, Lat.] I have divers times obferved, in wearing filver-
I . The caufe of pain or forrow Iljr-vty
en
Cwfumftictis.
To
the ficlh, as the
; calamity. An animal that muft lie (till, receives the afflux
hilted fwords, that, if they rubbed upon my
spoftle himfelf granteth, of colder or warmer, clean or foul
all water, as it hap-
cloaths, they were of a light-coloured cloth,
if
affltfion > naturally grievous ; therefore na- the ajfrifrurt would
which caufeth pens to come to it. Locke. quickly blacken them; and,
ti.re, fear, tcacheth to pray a -aintl
congruoufly hereunto, I have found pens blacked
;l
.^verfity. Ilnkr, b. v. ^48. AFFLU'XION. n.f. [ajfluxto, Lat.] almoft all over, when I had a while carried them
V.'c'll
bring you to one that you have coined 1. The aft of
flowing to a particular about me in a filver cafe.
i.t m >ney ; I think to repay that will be a
By It.
money place. To AFFRI'GHT. -v. a. [See
FRIGHT.]
i. 'i'he ftate of forrowfulnefs
Si-ikifpcare.
2. That which flows from one place to 1. To affedlwith fear ; to terrify. It
gene-
; mifery :

another.
oppofed to joy or rally implies a fudden impreffion of fear.
profperity. An inflammation cither fimple, confiding of
Bjlidei you
know,
Thy name affi-i^bti me, in hole found is death.
an hot and fanguineous v VI.
the \e:y bond of
love,
ajjluxkn, or clfe denomi-
nable trom other humours, Godlike his courage feemV, whom nor delight
ii
complexion, and whofe heart to- according unto the
-
predominancy of melancholy, phlegm, or choler. Could foften, nor the face of death affright. Walltr.
ier,
Bmun'i Vulgar Ermurs. He, when his country (threatened w'ith alarm)
Jf.\--> in alter-. Sbateff. tfnter'sfale.
c (hall we find the man that bears To AFFO'RD. Requires his courage and his conq'ring arm,
ajjilc- <v. a.
ikr,
\affourrer, ^fFourra- Shall, more than once, the I'unic bands ef:
Great and mijeftic in his ger, Fr.] Dryiitn'i &ne:d.
.
griefs, like Cato ?

r:*s Cl/5.
1. To yield or produce ; as, the foil af- 2. It is ufed in the
paflive, fometimes with
Some virtues are only frcn in and feme ; the trees afford at before the thing feared.
in
affliR'i-.r., fords grain fruits. This
'Mfyn, Sfdiaf*, N257.
profperiiy. feems be the primitive
to Thou (halt not be
affrigh:cd at them : f
fignification. Lord thy God
AKFLi'tirivi:. adj. [from afflia.] That 2. To grant, or confer amon^ \.m. is Df:it.v'\\. 21.
any thing; gene- Sometimes with the particle imitb be-
which caufes affliction ; 3.
; tor- painful rally in a good fenfe, and fometimes in
fore the thing feared.
"ing. a bad, but lefs properly.
i un.l a duty drefled up in- So foon as Maurmon there arriv'd, the door As one offrigtt
martyrdom Jf::b hetlilh fiends, or furies rnad
deed with all that was terrible and tc To him did open, and uproar,
ai,l\-livi ,/.-./
wjy. Fairy >u(cn.
human This
affu He then uprofe.
Fairy !$ittcn, b. ii. <-.:/.
nature, yet not at all the Id's
doty-.
i', the conkil.iti.in of all good men, unto ;.
South. whom his ul>. tinual comrVtand
AFFRI'GHT. n.f. [from the verb.
Nor can they find fecurity ;
and this is the alllifti.m of hell, to wh >m I. Terrour; fear. This word is
.e to retire
chiefiy
h<"-c i;
affwdf.u dcfpair and rem-juilefs cr.lamity.
i
v.
appeafe poetical.
^'"' "' of food, expo e.ire timvn'i l'ulg-.r
I As the
moon, cloathcd with cloudy night,
To winds, and ftorm<, and jaws of fava^jr ,

To
be able to fell. It is uied Does (he\v to him that walks ia for and fad
3. always
I'bititis.
with re fere nee to fome certain Fairy i^ctn.
ReCtlefs Pnoferpinc price ; as, Wide was
/ can nfl'ord this for lefs than the oticr. his pnrilh, not extracted clofe
On f>e Tiain In flrects, but here and there a itraggling houfe ;
ifieads How d.feafc, and aff'ilfevt pa'm.
Th'-y li.l tlieir magazines in limes of t'ic Created
Vet dill he was at
At^t that fo they hand, without reqiiclt,
friar.
-
may aferJ cheaper, and in- To fcrve the fick, to fuccour the diitr
c re .ilc the public n. nail
A'FFLUENCE.
i

exp'ncc of its
.
/ [affluence, Fr. lrr"
Million on Italy.
Tempting, on
The
foot, alone, without utjii*/.:,

cntia, Lat.J To dangers of a dirk tcmpertuous i

.}. be able to bear expences; as, tra- Dntlfn's I

2. The
 A F F A F L A F O
z. The cnufe of fear ; a terrible object; YouVedone enough; for you defign'd my chains: And we muft take thecurtent when it fervr ),
dreadful appearance. The grace is vanifh'd, but th' affront remains. Or lofe our renturcs. Sbakfff care's Julius Ctifar.
I fee the Dry-den's Aurcngxcbe. Take any pailion of tire foul of man, while it is
gods He that found reafonable in one thing, is con-
is
predominant and af.-..tt, ami, juft in the criticjt
Ur.bra'd our fufF'rings, and would humble them,
cluded to be fo in all ; and to think o.r
fay othervvif? , height of it, nitk it with fimic lucky or unlucky
By fending thefe affrights, while we are here, it thought fo unjult an
That \ve at their ridiculous fear. afrcr.t, and fo fcnfelefs a word, and you may as certai.-.ly over-rule it ta
might laugh
B. cenfnrc, that nobody ventures to do it. Locke. your own purpofe, as a fpark of fire, f.illin;
3'jrf. Catiline.
There is nothing which we receive with fo much gunpowder, will infallibly Wow it up.
The war at hand appear with more ofright, .Vc ../-.

And riles cv'ry moment to tlie fight. DrjJ. Mvtid. rclu&.mce as advice we look upon the man who
: There arc generally leveral hun.lred load.; ot 'Jn -
gives it us, as offering an affront to our underftand- her ajlcjtj f( r they cue above tv.'cnty-rive 1

AFFRI'CHTFUL. adj. [from aff'rigbt.] ing, and treating us like children or idiots. up the river ; and other rivers bring in t'ifir eon-
Full of affright or terrour ; terrible ; Mttifitt', Sfcflaior t N 512. tributio; j.
Adfijcifi Inly.
dreadful. 3. Outrage ; aft of contempt, in a more AFO'OT. ail-u^ [from a and/oc/. j
There is an abfence of all that is dcftruflive or
general fenfe. 1. On foot ; not on horfeback.
cffrigltful
to human nature. Dtcai tf F':ct-. Oft have they violated He it bell to return, lor that
thought J.iy, to a
AFFRI'GHTMENT. n.f. [from afright. \ The temple, oft the law with foul affnntt, Tillage not far oft"; and difp.i:chin ; !ns ;
i

I. The imprelfion of fear ; terrour. Abominations rather. Mi!t'-n's Parjdift R.-g,iintJ. I

>rt, the next day early, to conn- a fa:' tlii-

awaked with the tffrigbtama of a dream. 4. Difgrace ; fhame. This fenfe is rather tber.
Sit'^ffm, .:

ITtttm.
peculiar to the Scottiih dbleft.
2. Iii aflion ; as, a dejigr.
is
nfoot.
Paflionate words or blows from the tutor, fill Antonius attacked the pirates of Crete, and, by I pr'ytliec, when thou (celt th.it aft .

af<,at,
the cYil-i's mind with terrour ar.d his too great prcfumptinn, was defeated"; Ev'n with the very commeiit f;u;l
afrigbtmnt ; upon the oft.))
ii
immediately takes it wholly up, and leave* fenfe of which ajfrowhedicd with grief. Ob.erve mine uncle.
^bukfjt^iire.
m f')r other
impr Lcckc. ArlulbiM oiiCvins. 3. In mction.
z. The (late of fearfulnefs. AFFRO'NTER. n.f. [from The Of Albany's and Cornwall's pow'rs you hearsl
affront.]
Whether thofe that, under any anjuiin of not
perfon that affronts.
mind, return to affngbtair.ii or doubting:, have 'Tis faid tiu-y are .tjlct. King Lear.
not been h)r cri;i.
AFFSLO'XTIHG. participial a</j. [from /"- Sbalffj-rare'i
Kavimir.el. AFC'RE. frep. [from a and/ire. See BE-
That which has the quality of
To AFFRO'NT. i/. a.
{affronter, Fr. that
f,-ont.]
FORE.]
affronting contumelious.
is, ad frontem Jlare ; ad frontem contu- ;
1. No: ; as, he held the fhicld
bcl-inJ
Among \vords which Minify the fame
,;m alliderc, to infult a man to his principal
ideas, fome are clean and decent, others unclean ; not in ufe.
afc>\< ;

fume are kind, others are 2. Before ; nearer in

face.] afi~rsntk-g and reproach- place to any thing;
1. To meet face to face ; to encounter. ful, becaufe of tha fccondary idea which cultom as, he itood nfsre him.
This feems the genuine and original has affixed to them. Wat'i'sLtgick.
3. Sooner in time.
fenfe of the word, which was formerly
To AFFUSE. v. a. {nffunJo, afufum, If jour diligence be not be there
fpeedy, I fliail

Lat.] To pour one thing upon another. afm you.

indifferent to good or ill. King Lear.
s
Stahffiere
We haie clofely fent for Hamlet hither, I poured acid liquors, to try if they contained AFO'RE. ad*v.
That he, as 'twere by accident, tmy here any volatile fait or fpirit, which would probably 1. In time foregone or pad.
have difcovcrcd itfclf, by making an ebullition
.Ophelia. fare's Ham'.et. Whofocver fn iul4 make light rf any thing afore
with the afufcd liquor.
The fcditious, the next dav, t.ffnn^d the king's E,ylc.
fpoken or written, out of his own houfe a tree
of a highway; whom when AFFU'SION. Lat.] The ad
n.f. [affiifio, mould be ukcn, and he thereon be hanged.
;cady and refolute to fight, they of pouring one thing upon another.
Ejdras, vi. 22,
nee.
KirJ;bn Hayviard, Upon the afufitn of a tincture of galls, it im- If he never drank wine
afert, it will
go r,
\i
o
2. To meet, in an hoflile manner, front mediately became as black as ink. (VrcTr'j Mufieum. remove his fit.
Shakyf tare's Ti.r,:jif.
to front. To AFFY'. <v. a. \_uffiir, Fr.
affidare mu- 2. Firft in the way.
H's holy rites and folemn fearts profan'd, lierem, Brafton.] To betroth in order /Emilia, run you to the citadel,
And with their darknefc durll ajfnr.r his i; to marriage. And tell my lord and lady what hath hap'd ;
Para Will you go on afwi f
Weu !cd be thou to the hags of hcl!, Sbakjfeare's Otbelri.
3. To offer an open infult ; to offend For daring to ajfy a mighty lord 3. In front ; in the fore-part.

avowedly. With refpeft to this fenfe,

Unto the daughter of a worthlefs king. Approaching nigh, he reared high afore
His body monrirous, horrible, and vafl.
it obfcrved by
is Cervantes, that, if a Sbakcjpcaris Henry VI. Fairy 9.
man To AFFY'. v. n. To put confidence in;
AFO'RIGOINC. participial adj. [from afore
ftrikes ancther on the back, and
then runs away, the perfon fo (Iruck is
to put trull in to confide. Not in ufe.
; tttdftiHg.] Going before.
Marcus /.
Ironicus, fo I do afy AFO'R H A N D. adv. [from afore and
E
red, but not ajj'rcnttd; an n/i-cnt al- In thy uprightnefi and integrity,
band.~\
I. By a previous provifton.
ways implying a juftificaiion of the aft. That I will here difmifs
my loving friends. Many of the pauicular Cubjccts of d'ifcnuife are
Did chy coaft Sbakfff. Titus Andr.
.'

ocrafional, and fuch ,is cannot fftnband be re-

Yet! looker-on. Fairfax, id!;
AFI'ELD. [from a and\feld. See
11 i. ai(<v.
51. duced to any certain account.
But harm precedes not fin, only our foe,
FIELD.] To the field. Government of tbe fsng,.
Tempting, affitnti Uj\v'th hi foul cfrecm
1

Of our integrity. MUttn'i farafijt Is/1,

-

i. ix.
We drove afM, and bith together heard z. Provided; prepared; previoufly fitted.
liMrn the
What time the grry fiy winds her fultry horn, ic will be laid, that in the former
J -.-iiild
caufc,why Torrilmond, times,
Within my palace walls, within
Batt'ning our flocks with the freih dewi ct -f we have l|ijken, Spain was not
my hearing,
now and England, on tin; othci- iide,
lomigh.j
ft within my fight, afrents a prince,
as it is ; wa
command him. AJiclJ I went, amid the morning dew, sferebanJ in all matters of power.
fliortly fliail
'

To milk my kine, for fo fliould houl'cwives do. Saion's Ctr.fidrrjtimt en Jl'ar loitb
Drydtn'i Rfarlfr friar. Sjteia.
This brings to mind Fauftina's fondnefs for the G.y. I MENTIONED, adj. [from afore
nd is inter-rct-d ,>s f.r^re. But how AFLA'T. adv. [from a and flat. See and nuatioaed,] Mentioned before.
canoncirr. Fathers woujd have ilared
.'
FLAT.] Level with the ground. Among the nil. cother parts, five arc n.,t in a
to afrit. i the wife of Aurelius ?
Addifon. When you would have many nt'.. i.. condition to give alm> :cli-t' in thole
ef<irnr\n-
m
AFFRO'NT. n.f. [from the verb trees,take a low tre-, an-J bow it, being very IK' ir rcjjced fi'.tinu-l-.r
,
; ,

affront.] branches ajitit u^on the grmind, i, !mi- miferalile condt ->n.
1. Open opposition encounter ; : a fenfe
upon them NAM ED.
'

;
r.nd every twi;; wi AFO'R I! and
not frequent, though regularly deduci- Bacto
ajj. [from afure
ble from the derivation. '<] Named before.
ATI.O'AT. adv. [frooi a and jicat. Sfx- Imitate limicth ng ot ciicuLw form, in
larger, like a petty god whicli,
J walk't) about admir'd of and dreaded
FLOAT.] Floating born up in the ; >i in all other
,<j ,/,,, fa^ j^u
all,
water; not finking: in a liguraiivc help ;
ground, no.ic darirg rm
'
.
.tile ,

fenfe, within view ; in motion, Featbitm en Drawing.

iVw/crc dptilfles,
men, AFO'R E< A ID. atlj. [from efare and/a/V.]
2. Infult offered to the face;
conteniptu- h rik-n .it t'lf ftniiA, Irndi on to fortune ',
Said before.
Or roile treatment; contumely. Dm life
ii ' r '' '( we rcfunie again
lii.uijiii r. miferio.
In that which we iV
ff'n Bae'jt, . -
ire we now i'*ri;i'j Nttwai Hiftct y, M" 77 1 .
G 2 AFO'RE-
 AFT A F T AFT
AFO'K BTIMB. adv. [from afore and time.' ter, but ; but we fay, I wa tfitreifl
and labour prove unfucceftful.
hereafter
In time pait. made miferable by Mortimer's HufbanJry.
firft the lofs, bu
O thou mac art waxen old in wir.kednrfs, now was A'FTERCROP. n.f. [from after and crip.~\
after happier.
thy fins which thou haft committed aforetlmi an Far be it from me, tijuftify the cruelties whi The fecond crop or harvell of the fame
come to light.
were at firft ufcd towards them, which had th;i year.
AFRA'ID. fhftl. tfial [from the verb
c.tij. reward f<ion after. Baton Aftercrops I think neither good for the land, nor
: it fnould therefore properly b Thole who, from the pit of hell yet the hay good for the catt!*.
affray
written Roaming to feek their prey on earth, durft fix Aforriiner's Hujbatetry.
withj|'.] of God.
1. Struck with fear ; terrified ; fearful.
Their feats long after next the feat A'FTER-DINNER. n.f. [from after and
To perfecute them with thy tf mpi-ft, snd make faradife Left
dinner.} The hour parting ju.i after
them afraid with thy (torn).
z. Following another. dinner, which is
generally allowed to
:

Pjalm Ixxx' . i
Let go thy liold, when a great wheel runs down
2. It has the
particle of before the objecl break thy neck with following it; bu
i hill, lc;l it indulgence and amufement.
of fear. the great one that goes upward, let him draw tho Thou haft nor youth nor age,
There, loathing life, and yet tf death afraid, But, as it were, an afttr-dirnr's deep,
after. Sbakefpcarc' s King Lear
In anguifh of her fpirit, thus flic pray'd. AFTER Dreaming on both. M- aftirt.
compounded with many words
is Sbakeff. Meajurtfor
Dryden's Fables but almoft always in its genuine anc A'FTER-ENDEAVOUR.
If, wliile this wearied fleflidraws fleeting breath,
n.f. [from after
Not with primitive fignification ; fome, which
and endeavour.] Endeavours made after
fatisfy'd afraid of death,
lite,
It hap'iy be thy will, that I mould know occurred, will follow, by which others the firft effort or endeavour.
of or paufe from anxious woe j There is no reafon why the found of a
CJIimpfe delight,
From now, fiom inftant njw, great Sire, dilpfl
may be explained. (h iu!d leave traces in their brains, which, not
pipe

The clouds that prds my foul.

A'FTER ACCEPTATION. n.f. [from after but by their aftcr-cndeavouri, Ihould produce the
firft,
I'rtor,

AFRE'SH. adv. [from a and See

and acceptation.} A fenfe afterwards, like founds. Locke.
frejh. not at firlt admitted.
FRESH.] Anew; again, after inter-
'Tis true, fomc doitors in a fcantier fpace, A'FTER-ENQJJIRY. n.f. [from after and
rniflion. I mean, in each apart, contrail the place :
enquiry.} Enquiry made after the fadl
The Germans ferving upon great horfes, and Some, who to greater length extend the line, committed, or after life.
charged wi^h heavy ar.-nour, received proat hurt by The church's after acceptation join. You muft either be directed by fome that take
light Ikirmiftes; the Turks, with their ligh; upon them know, or take upon yourfelf that,
to
l)rydenl Kind and Panther.
horfes, eafily (hunning their charge, and again, A'FTER ACES. and which, I am fure, you do not know, or lump the
n.f. [from after ages.]
at their charging them afrejb, when
pleafure, after-enquiry on your peril.
they faw the heavy horfes almoft weary.
Succeffive times ; pofterity. Of thi Sbakrff. Cymbeline.

word I have found no fingular ; but fee To A'FTEREYE. v. a. [from after and eye.]
Knellet's Hiftory of the Turts.
When once we have attained thefe ideas, they not why it might not be faid, This 'will To keep one in view j to follow in view.
may be excited
afrtjbby the ufe of words. be done in fome afterage. This is not in ufe.
Watts't Logick.
Not the whole land, which the Chufites mould Thou (houldft have made him
AFRO'NT. As little as a crow, or lels, ere left
cd-v. [from a and
front.'] In or might, in future time, conquer feeing, in
front ; in direft opposition to the face. became lords of many nations.
;
To afiertye him. Sbakeffeare's C}mbcli*i*
afteragcs, they
Thefe four came all afront, and mainly thruft at Raleigh'! Hi/lory of the World. A'FTERCAME. n.f. [from after and game.]
me. Sbakeffeare't Henry IV. f. \.
Nor to philofophers is praife deny'd, The fcheme which may be laid, or the
A'FTER. Whofe wife inftr uclions aftcrages guide.
prep, [xpeeji, Sax.] expedients which are praftifed after the
Sir y. Denlan.
Following in place, jifter is com-
1.
What an opinion will afterages entertain of their original rleiign has mifcarried ; methods
monly applied to words of motion ; as, religion, who bid fair for a gibbet, to bring in a taken after the firft turn of affairs.
he came after, and flood behind him. fupcrftition, which their forefathers periihcd in This earl, like certain vegetables, did bud and
Jt is oppofed to before. flames to keep out.
Addifoti. open (lowly ; nature fometimes delighting tx> play
What lays Lord Warwick, (hall we after them ? A~'FTER ALL. When all has been taken an aftergame, as well as fortune, which had bith
their turns and tides in courfe. Wo:nn.
~Afttr them nay, itfere them, if we can.
!
into the view ; when there remains no-
The fables of the axe-handle and the wedge,
Henry VI.
(Sbakffpearc't
thing more to be added ; at laft ; in fervc to precaution us not to
put ourfcrves nced-
2. In purfuit of.
fine in conclufion ; upon the whole ;
; lefsly upon an aftergame, but to weigh beforehand
s1f ' -whom is the Icing of Ifrael come out? what we fay and do.
at the molt. L' Ef.range' s Fables*
jifur whom doft thou purfue ?
After a dead dog,
They have given no good proof in alTerting this Our firft defign, my friend, has proy'd abortive
after a_flea. I'Kjm. xxiv. 14. ;

extravagant principle ; for which, after ai:, they

Still there remains an aftergame to play.
3. Behind. This is not a common ufe.
have no ground or colour, but a triage or two of Addifon'i Catt,
Sometimes placed a third prifm after a fecond,
I
and fomctimes fourth after a third, by al,
alfo a
fcripture, mifcrably perverted, in
oppofition to A'FTERHOURS. n. f. [from after and'
which the image might be often refracted fide- many exprefs texts. Jlltcrburfs Sermons. The hours that fucceed.
hours.]
ffnvlcn't Oftickt.
But, after all, if they have any merit, it is to So (mile the heav'ns upon this holy aft,
ways, be attributed to foine good old authors, whoK- with forrow chide us not.
4. Posterior in time.
fcriuifrj
works I
ftudy. i',fc n
PaJJ^-al Pcctr-, .

Good afitr ill, and after pain delight ; Siakefpeat-e" s Romeo ar.d
A'FTER BIRTH, a. f. [from after and "J:i!':et.

Alternate, like the fcenes of day and night. A'FTER-LIVEB. n. f. [from after and
birth.~\ The membrane in which the
Dryden'i Fables. live.] He that lives in fucceeding times.
We (hall examine the ways of conveyance of the birih was involved, which is
brought thee
Adam By my promifc U:it
fovereignty of to princes that were to rtign away after ; the fecundine. Unto myfelf, let knmv.
afttr-liv^s Sidney, b. ii.
after him. Locke. The exorbitances or degenerations, whether from
a hurt in labour, or frcm A'FTERLOVE. a.f. [from after and
5. According to. part of the after-bulb love.]
He that thinketh Spain our over-match, is no left behind,
produce fuch v> lent di.lempcrs of The fecond or later love.
good mint-man, but takes grcatnel's of kingJon,;, the blood, as make it caft out a imour. '.
Intended, or commitced, was this fault ?

according to bulk and currency, and not after thci; :.:/Tj

Svfgfy. If but the firft, how heinous e'er it be,
intrinfic value. Bacm. \'FTERCLAP. n.f. [from after and <//.]
To win thy after-love, I pardon thce.
6. In imitation of. Richard II.
Unexpected events happening after an ShakeJ'fcare'i
There a c, among the Roman A'F TER MATH. n.f. [from afferandmatb,
fuppofcd to be at an end.
old ft.itucs, feve- affair is
ral of Venus, in different poftures and habits; as For the next morrow's mead they clofciy went, from mow.] The latter math ; the fe-
there are many particular figures of her made For fear of afterclaps to prevent.
after cond crop of grafs, mown in autumn.
the fame J ;,
/ r',,,v.
Speitf. Hub. Tale.
,,

Thil See AFTERCROP.

allufion after the oriental m.t
is .rr thui
commonly taken in an ill fcnfe.
:
It is
in the Pfalrm, how frequently are pj ;,,ns com- A'FTERNOON. n.f. [from after and noon.]
VFTERCOST. [from after and coft.']
n. f.
pared to ceJ.irs. Pofe's Oyjjey, nae\. The time from the meridian to the even-
A'F T E R adv. .
The latter charges ; the expence in-
curred after the original plan is exe- ing.
i. In fjcceeding time. It is ufed of time A beauty-waining and diftrefTed widow,
cuted. Ev'n
mentioned as fucceeding fome other. in the
afternoon of her bell days,
You mud take care to carry off the land- floods Made
So we cannot fay, I fliall be happy af- prize and purchale of his wanton eye.
and dreams, before you left
Attempt dunning j your Sbikcfpeart''s Richard III.
I
However,
 AFT A G A A G A
For wit and judgment ever are at ftrife,
However, keep the lively tafte you holiT .

wrath.] Anger when the provocation Tho' meant each other's aid, like man and wife.
Of God and lovs him now, but fear him more
i ;
feems pad. Pope.
And, in your afternoons, think what you told I hear him mock
And promis'd him at morning-prayer before. (hould not be forry to fee a chorus on a theatre,,
I
The luck of Ca:far, which the gods give men more than as large and as deep again as ours, built
Denr.t.
T' excufc their after-wratt.
and adorned at a king's charges.
Such, all the morning, to the pleadings run ;
Sbakcff. Antony and Cleopatra. Drydeti's Dufrrfny.
But, when the bus'nefs of tV day is done,
On dice, and drink, and dribs, they fpend the af- n.f. . The title of a Turkifh mili- 10. Again and again ;
with frequent repe-
tfrn. r. often.
Dryden'sPtrfius,Sat,\. tition
tary officer. ;

A'F T E R P AiN s.
n.f. [from after and fain.} not to be obtained by one or two hafty
This
AGA'IN. adv. [ajen, Sax.] is

women mud be repeated again and again,

The pains after birth, by which
it
1. A iecond time once more marking
readings:
; ;
with a dole attention to the tenour of the dif-
are delivered of the lecundine. the repetition of the fame thing. courfe. **#-
A'FTERPART. n.f. [from after and fart.} T. : poor remnant of human feed, which re-
1 1. In oppofition ; by way of refiftance.
The latter part. mained in their mountains, peopled their country
Who art thou that anfwerett .^ain ?
The flexib'er.efs of the former part of a man's again flowly, by little and little. Rom. ix. 20.
age, not yet grown up to be headdror.g,
makes it Bacon's Neiv Atalimi'n. fome mef-
mote governable and fafe ; and, in the afterfart, Should Nature's felf invade the world again, 12. Back; as, returning from
reafon and forefight begin a little to take place, And o'er the centre fpread the liquid main,
an-i mind a man of his fafety and irr.pro\i:inent. Bring us word again which way
we (hall go.-
Thy pow'r were fafe. Waller.
Deut. i. 22.
Go now, deluded man, and feek again
A'FTERPROOF. n. f. [from after and New toils, new dangers, on the du!>y plain. AGA'INST.//. [a:n;$eon, onjeonb, Sax.]
Dryd. Atneld. 1. In oppofition to any perfon.
proof. } S~me are already retired into foreign countries ;
1. Evidence to the in And he will be a wild man ; his hand will be
pofterior thing and the reft, who pnftefs lands, are deti-
n-ver to hazard them again, for the fake of eftab- againjl every man, an4; every man's hand againjl
qoeftion. him. Gen. xvi. 12*.
2. Qualities known by fubfequent expe- : their fuperdition. Swift.
2. Contrary ; oppofite, in general.
rience. 2. On the other hand ; marking fome op-
That authority of men Ihould prevail with men
All know, that he likcwlfe at firft wa
pi >tition or contrariety. either againft or above reafon, is no part of our be-
under the expectation of his afterfrtof; luch a wit increifed upon the occafion ; and fo lief. Hooker.
folar influence there is in the folar alpecY W-Aicn. MUI S the more, if the occafion were iharpaned He melancholy without caufe, and merry
is
A'KTERTASTE. n./. [from after and tajie.} with danger. Again, whether it were the flioitnefs
againjl
the hair. Sbakefyeare't Troilus and Crejfdd.
A remaining upon the tongue after
talle of his forefi^ht, or the ftrength of his will, certain We might work any effect without and againji
the draught, which was not perceived it is, thtt the
perpetual t,r uble of his fortunes matter; and this not holpen by the co-operation
could not hive been without detects in his nature. of angels or fpiiits, but only by the unity and har i
in the aft of drinking.
Bacon. mony of nature. Bacon's Natural Hiftory.
A'FTERTHOUGHT. n, f. [from after and Thnfe things that we know not what to do The preventing goodnefs of God does even wreft
thought.^ Reflections after the act ; ex- withal, ifwe had tli^m, .'nd thofe things, again, him from himfelf, a!>d fave him, as it were,
which another cannot part with, but to his own South,
pedients formed too late. It is not pro-
his will..
againft
lofs and (hame. L'EJirange's Fables, The god, uneafy till he flcpt again,
perly to be ufed for fccondthougbt.
On Refolv'd, at once, to rid himfelf of pain;
Expencc, and afterthought, and idle care, 3. another part ; marking a tranfition
And doubts of motley hue, and dark defpair; to fome new confideration. And, tho' again/I his cudom, call'd aloud. Drjder...
Men often fay a thing is againft their confcience,
S-ifpicions, and fantadical furmife, Behold yon mountain's hoa-v height,
And jcaloufy fuffus'd with jaundice in her eyes, when really it is not. Sioift'i Miscellanies.
Made higher with new mourirs Y fnow ;
Difcobu.ing all flic view'd, in tawny iirefs'd, 3. In contradiction to any opinion.
Again, behold the winter's weight
Downlook'd, and with a cuckow on her nft. After all that can be faid againj) a thing, this.
Opprefs the lab'ring woods below. DryJcn
will be true, that many things poffibly are,
dill
Drydcn'sFabta.
4. In return, noting re-action, or recipro- which we know not of; and that many more things
A'PTER-TIMES. n.f. [from after and cal action ; as, His fortune worked up-
may be than arc and i/ fo, after all our argu-
:

titan.] Succeeding times. See AFTER- on his nature, and his nature again upon ments againjl a thing, it will tt uncertain whether
ACES. it be or not.
hi; fortune. Tillotfun.
You promis'd once, a progeny divine The church-clergy have written the bed collcc-
Of Roman*, rifing from the Trojan line, 5. Back ; in reftitution.
ton of traits agaliif popery that ever appeared in
;

In uftirtimis fhould hold the world in awe, When your head did but ake,
England. Ktoift.
And u> the land and ocean give the law. I knit my handkerchief about your brows;
The bed 1 had, a princefs wrought it me, 4. With contrary motion or tendency :

DryJins Plrgll.
And 1 did never afk it you again. ufed of material action.
A'FTERTOSSI NO. n.f. [from after and Boils and plagues
Sbakffp. fCig jfo
toji.} The motion of the fea after a
6. In return for any thing ; in recom- Plaider you o'er, that one infeft another
Agj'.njl the wind
liotra. a miie. Sbatcfptari i Coriclariui.
Confufions and tumults are only the impotent
pence. The kite being a bird of prey, and therefore
That he luth given will he pay again.
remains of an unnatural icbellion, and are no more Fr'-jv. xir.
hot, delightcth in th fre-fti air ; and many times
17 and f.ilmons fwim
than the afitrttj/ings of a lea when the ftorm is flicth araixjl the wind, as trouts
7. In order of rank or' fucceffion mark- the -mi. Bonn..
laid. AdJiforfl Freeholder. ; ii,-..
againjl
A'FTERWARO. adv. [from after arrd ing diftribution. 5. Contrary to rule or law.
Queftion was afked of Demofthenc:, W! If aught agairft my life
p2pb, Sax.] In fucceeding time fome- :

the chief part of an grator ? He anfwercc!, Action.

tinies wriiten afterwards, but lefs pro- Thy country fought of thec, it fought unjuftly,
What next? Action. What next again f Aclion the law at nature, law of nations. Milton*
jiga'uift
perly. Bacon's
Ejjjyi Againft the public functions of the peace,
Ufcs not thought upon be.'ore, may afterward The caufe of the holding green,
the cl jfe aji is all omens of their ill fucccfs ;
Agairjl
fpring up, and be reafcnab.'c caufes of retaining compact fubftar.ce of their leaves, and the pccticks W'lth fa", .ivcrfe, the rout in arms refort,.
that, which former confutations did formerly of them and the cauic of that again is eitlie
:
To force t' -i; monarch, and infult the court.
procure to be inftitutcd. H^hr the tough and vifcous juice of the p'ant,
An anxious didruft of the divine goodnefs, ftrength and htat thereof. Bacon'i Natural Hifl. 6. Oppofnt to, in place.
: a man more and more unworthy of it anc
but far away.
any other time or place. Againjl the Tiber's mouth,
j
8. Befides ; in
jble beforehand, for fear of being fo
after
tffjrrl. *~ They have the Walloons, who are tall I ": Drjdtx,
L'Eftrangt
yet that is but i Ipot of ground. But, on tin.
7. To the hurt of another. See fer/e 5.
A'PTERWIT. n.f. [from after and -wit.] other fide, there is not in trio worH egaiii And, whvvi thou Uiink'd -.1 her eurnity,
The c jntrivance of expedients after the fpring and feminaiy of brave military p-o,il , a TSvnk not that death agamft her nature ii ;
occafion of ufing them is
pad. Sec in England, Scotland, and Ireland. Bacon Think it. 4 birth and when thuu go' ft t.)
: die,

APT ER r HOUOHT. Sing like a fvvan, as if tlwu w<ait'ft-ta bill's.

9. Twice as much ; marking the fame
re >> r. what's gone and pad; (u
Kir J. Daviii.
quantity once repeated.
;
icc-i.lir.g
ml com-s too when the mi! 3. In provifion for; in expectation or.
la;c, There are whom hcav'n has bled with ftore of
L'tJtnUfi wit,
This mode of fpeaking probab'y ted
A'XTER-WRATH. it.
/ [from after anc Yet want s much again to manage it
;
its original from the idea of. m;ik:ntj-
 A G A A. G -E AGE
d'Ay, bl.iek, r that, in infancy, arc by others prefented tr
in oppofition to, a fpottcJ w'.th different colours, chiefly
proviftoo tgainjl, or :aard charity of th.* church, li'tir
brown, red, and I'mietimci blue.
time of misfortune, but by degrees ac- We
'.ii'iiujht our fires, not with thiir own content,
fometimcs
A'CATY. aJj. [fromfl^/f.] Partaking oj
quired a neutral fenfe. Tt Had, cie we came to age, our portion i]
-cnr.
th'j nature of agate.
the cafe elliptically fupprefled, as,;
h.is Drjiuu
An j. 'is above t\vi inches in diame-
In law.
again/I he comes, that is, againfl
the ter ; the whole coveted over with a friable ereta- 7.
In a luan, the age of fourteen years the are is
time when he comes. ceou; ,
,'".uard.
of difcrcti-.n ; and twcnt; i.cfultiiK:
i

Thence (he them biought into a ftiMly ball, To AGA'ZE. <v.4. [from /tand gaze, to fet In a woman, at fcven years &;'
age, the lord her
Wheiein were many tables fair difpred,
And a gazing as, amaze, amuje, and others. I
;
father m.iy uiitninhis tenints for .ud 1 ruair) h-r; 1

iraiiy dight with drapcts feliival, at the agi of nine years, flic is donral!? ; at twelve
.sfga:t/}
tl>e viands ihould be miniftred. To ftrikc with amazement ;
to ilupify
and confirm her
with ii:ddcn terrour. The verb is now years, file is able fi.ially to ratify
f'jimcr cnnfer.t given to matrimjny ; at fourteen,
The charge 'was given them ag<..
I'kc out of u: .*.
flie is enabled to receive her land i

time liny IhouU conic to fettle. tiemfch es So as they travell'd, fo th^y 'gan efpy hands, .11. inall b; out of ward at the
i

1in'! prc.rdifed unto their uriiers. Hi (a: ward them ^'a.lop taft, and (tor: atflic (hall be out of war),
lixtecr,
S jr.ic fiy, t.vit ever 'gfri*}!
that feaf:>n Cumci,
'I !nr fecmcd ftom fome feared frc tn fly, death of her .-incetVir, ihe w.i. within
at the
',
Saviour's birth is celeb; .ilvd, Or other grU gafi. fj'irj Sjient. the as of fourteen years; a:, twenty-one,
all
Jmnin^ fmgtth
;
ij -f night long :
i
At the
.

KO.- farticifial adj. able to alicr.ate her lands and tenements.

And then they fly no fpirit
walks abri-a i
;
[from agaze;
a ftriplir.j .ii enabled to choofc hi*
The wholefome, then which fee.] Struck with amazement; age of fourteen,
nig'ut) are
iio .
planets ftr':kc. iwn g iar^'ian ; at the agi of t":u.tcen, a m.m may
.No fairy |iies,'ni' w-'uch hath power to chxm ; -"-terrified to ftjpidi.y.
cnnf.'nt to marriage.
So hallow'd and fo gracious U the tirr.e. Hundrcus he lent to hell, and none durft ftan-i
Sl-~ h ;
:
m A'GED. adj. [from age.
It makes two fyl-"
To
that pBrpofe, he made hade to ii ilVol, that ..ere, and every where, enrag'd
he flew : lables in poetry.]
all things might be ready agairjl the prince cjaic r.-nth excbini'd, "The ;;ms!"
Old ; firicken in years
1 . ; applied gene-
u^axed on h;m.
<-
thither. j whole arn-.y flood
time provides w'.th oj.-e, rally to animate beings.
.Agairf the promii'd .-ryVI.
n do ft-ind between man and
.And hallcns in the woof die robes he was to wean
-Drydet.
AGE. n.f. [age, Fr. anciently eage, or man, the aged, for the molt part, are bcft experi-

All which I giant to be reafunably and truh aug! ; it is by Msuage from

deduced enced, ieaft fubjecl to ra/h and unadvifed paflioivs.
faid, and only dclire they may be lemembe ed a-taihtm, of ietas by 'Juiii;<;, from aa,
;

another day. Stiti'uigjitft. which, in the Teutonic dialefts, figni- Novelty is only in rcqueO ; and it is as Jar
agair.Ji
to be <iV</in any kind of furfc, a; it i; virtuous
AV.ALAXV. n.f. [from a. and yxKa, Gr.] fied long duration.] to be confianc in any undertaking.
Want of milk. D:d. to feme-
t. Any period of time attributed Sbakefp. Me.'fure frr
f.'

Ac. A'PE. adv. [from a and tife.] Staring as the whole, or of its du- Kindncfs itfelf too wc*k a charm will prove,
thing part,
with eagernefs ; as, a bird gapes for ration in this fenfe, we fay, the age of
:
To raife the feeble fires of ageJ love. Pri r,
2. Old; applied to inanimate things. This
meat. man, the feveral ages of the world, the
In bimfelf was all hU (Utc uie is rare, and commonly with fome
golden or iron
;

waits
age.
More folenm than the tedious pomp that One man in his time plays many parts, tendency to the profcpopacia.
On princes, when their rich retinue long His being fcven agn.
life Sbakrfftart.
the images of
The people did not more worihip
Of horfes and grooms bcfmear'd with gold,
led, And Jacob lived in the bnd of Egypt fcventcen gold aivl than they did the groves; and t'::;
i'.ory,
Dazzles the crowJ, and lets them xL.ii- wis an hundred lame Qjintili.m faith of the aged
years ; lo the whole izgt of JacfK>
Paradlfe L'f. .ii- 28. Xnllingfeit't Defence of Difc.
101 Rcm. Jot!.
forty and fevcn years.
Dazzle the crowd, nnl fet them all aga/e.
PtUips.
2. A fucceffion or generation of men. A'CEDLY. adv. [from ageJ.] After the

The whole crowd ftood agaff, ant! ready to take Hence, laftiy, fprinus ca i.f pofteri
1
--
manner of an aged perfon.
For things their kind wnild eveila'Hng make.
the doflor at his w.ird. A>.'.'jr:r, N" 572. ACE'N. aa'-v. [ajen, Sax.] Again; in
Hence :
s it, that old m .ung trees,
A'CARICK. n.f. [agaricum, Lat.]
A drug The fruit whereof another age ihali
I
;

take. return. See Ac AIM.

of ufein phyfic, and the dying trade. J. Dawn. Sir This word is now only written in this
It is divided into male and female ; Nrxt tn the Son, manner, though it be in reality the true
Di rtin'd Rcftorer of mankind, by whom the fake of rhime.
the male ufed only in dying, the fe-
is orthography, for
New hcav'n, and earth, ihail to the ages rife,
Thui Ve.ius Thus her fon reply'd agin ;
male in medicine : the male grows on Or down from hcav'n o
:

None of your fitters have we heard or leen.

oaks, the female on larches.
DiyJen.
'I here are two excrefceni es which grow upon No declining ege
trea,', both of them
in the nature of muihrooms ; E'er felt the raptures of poetic ra..e. Rrfccmmon.
A'GENCY. n.f. [from agent. ~\

the one the Romans call l"A?rus, which gr wcji The time in which any particular man, 1. The quality of afting the ; ftate of be-
3.
u. >in the n:i'U of ojks, and was one of the d.-.i:itk-
ir table; tlie other is medicinal, that is call-
or race of men, lived, or Ihall livej as, ing in aftion ; aftion.
the age of heroes.
A few advances there are in the following t
ed which growth upon the tops of oaks;
tending to aflcrt the fuperintcndence and aginey
agar':;k, ot
though it be affinncd by fome, that it ,
No longer now the golden age .lppf:irs,
Providence in the natural world.
Mo it the roots. /?.;. When patriarch wits furviv'd a thoufand years. Nat.
;
Wx-diuaiA s
Pnf. lo
Hi/lory.
Ac .*'> [This word, which ufual-
is /,.
i
adj. 2. The office of an agent or failor for an-
authors, written "g'-^Jt, is,
later 4. The fpaceofa hundred years ;
a fecu-
ly,by a century. other ;
bufmefs performed by an :

lar
not improbably., the true word derived period ;
le
purchafcrs their.fel\es mjy bo
con-
from agate, which has been written 5.
The latter part of life; old-age; old-
ten: to live che.ip in a worfe country, rath..
miftaken etymology. nefs. b? at the charge of exchange and agenciet. Swrft.
egbt'Jl,
from a
You fee how full of eh in^e his age is: the ob-
See AOHAST.] Struck with tcrrour ; we have made of it hath not been little ; A'GENT. n,lj. [agem, Lat.] That which
fervation
amazed ; frighted to aitoniftunent. he always Invrd nnr filter' mi> It, ,m:( with what poor arts oppoicd
;
to fa:ient, or that which
Thus roving on judgment he hath now caft H T
is ailed upon.
A!'in* L-nr.
'

Jn canfr.i'd forlnrn, th' advcnt'rous bands,

march i
This fuccci'-, is oft truly afcribed unto th
.
Srakff^ettre
With fnudd'ring hnrrour pale, and eyes ago/I, Tlny^ mud not ! men,
'

<if i-iu.;it'at
:

.i". I..-." th.' 'MI.'.;

I
,
.en, by
Vicw'd full their lamentable lot, and found
'

Nor Kcfecnmc.-:. a '

M it
may upon
i

:
nejns,
No rrft. .!lta'tPirailifet'jjl Aivl '''le has faid
ns, for cx.\ -v.plc, if .1 n-in einy ring, or l'onje_ n

IE. u.
J. [agate,
Fr. achates, Lat.] A .1, :m.l tl.e ; .

'It, l.-i'evingflrniii;!;,-
tint it '

will
e of the loweft clafs, often hini to Lbuin his lev,
t

lloi Infulting ..-/'

precious Andleavi t
'

hi deiliuc"li% li..'.y.
clouded with beautiful variegations. Privr.
th.m ..i; e.wiie he wuuld be. ffaier.'s A'.II. llijt.
In lhape no b fger than an agate Itone,
;

6. Maturity ; ripcncfs ; years of dilcrc-

On the forefinger of an al Jeitnan. A'GKNT. n.f.
Statejf. R'mi'j <in,IJuli>t
tiou ;
fui'l
Ih-ength of H i An aclor ; he that adb he tiiat pofTf flc-s
j
-
only varieties
of the tlir.tkiml they ; A I'.wmn ;iJ,;iiHio.-i of' ]
.

clouded, lincated, o dciirc th.;. die: faculty of action.

y ground, ,
Where
 AGO A G G A G G
Where there is no doubt, d'/I'te.at'on is not ex- The occafion of its not fcealing b; Tho folid reafon of one man with unprejudicnle.^
c!'
':npei'i;incr.t unto the thing, but as necd- a, the other did, was from the alteration the iclioi apprehenfions, begets as firm a belief? rh^ amhe- ,

hid ,. m of the
fcfs in rejird of the . iLt.h already bcLjiir. '.
wnind. lity or '^''^'f tetHmouy of many !ui;-id/ed.;.
what to ielo! :e tpon.:
Hsofer. WiJtlHJn'j flmcx'i /'.7/V-ij/- Enw<.
T> v/!:^:7) ;

'
:nit.-ument, A c c L u 'T
N A T I v E n<ij. [ from agglutinate. ]
i . for a long time together, p-oducrj
They had,
Nor pov.-'r 01
wo; >.e wuik is known. That which h;;s the power of procaruio rnahy other inept combirador.s, or errrigt'.clmm*
Atfv/tti of particular things, and nonftrlfTcsl
fyftems of
-\.?.

Raj M the Crea:ia:

.'n made us ffjcrrj frf to g"od or ill, agglutination.
And Rowl up the rr.em'.cr with the a*glnf:':j>'.i'
torc'd it not, tho' h will. A'coREGATE. n.f. [from the verb.] The
rowlcr.
. firil leftow'd or. human nco, If.i'.rtan.

And ptcfciencc onK hjj the lecond place. To AGGRAN'DI'ZR. -v. a. [nggrantiijer,
complex, or colleftive refult of the con-
Drytfra. Fr. ] To make great to to junction or acervation of many pait'-
;
enlarge ;
A miracle is a work exce 'dine the power of any to .culars-
ex-alt
improve in power, honour, or
;
The
ifeqftcntly being an efTecr. of the
rank.
reafon of the far greated part of mankind,.
It is
applied to perfons gene- is but zn'aggrcgatc of milrulien ph nirafms, and,
z. A luLili.utt. ; a deputy; a fjftor ; a rally, fometimes to things. in things not fenfible, a conftant deluil->n.
If the king ihould ufe it no better than the
pope Glanvitte's
perfcn employed to traniaft the bufinefs did, only to figgrandr^t: Covetous churchmen, it A number of
Sceffs Sc\?tit'if;a,
great living and thinking particle s
of another. cannot be called a jewel in his crown. could not pollibly, by their mutual contact, and
All hearts in love, ufe ynur own tongue. ;
Atl:fe's Par ergon. piffling, and {Iriking, compolc one greater indi-
I : - : - for hfelf, Thcfc furnilh us with glorious firings and me- vidual animal, with one mind and
And nn truft Sta' undcrftanding,
-_. diums, to and aggrandixf our conceptions, to
raife and a vital confenfion ot the whole b
<dy ;, any
The) had r. Jt the wit to fend to them, in a >y warm our f^uls, to awaken the better paili.ms, and more than a fwarm of bees, or a crowd of men and
.n, to texnp: t> elevate thorn even ro a divine
pitch, and that for women, can be conceived to make
and to treat w;th them. up one particular
, JSdrar'i
Hctry VII. dtvjtional purpofes. tt'jiu't Impr.
c.f:l M':i;d.
compounded and
living creature, conltituted of the
.
Sir, your fury of .
A'CGRANDIZEMENT.
\Vli
n.f. \aggrandijje. aggregate of them ail. B,-ntlt\-. .

c to ix:
icvcnj'd on you,
The men!, Fr.] The ftate of being aggran- To A'GGREGATE. v. a. [aggrego, La\.]
agcxti ot y^ur paiTiwi will ..-Mlue.
.un's dized ; the aft of To colleft together ; to accumulate;
Aurtng. aggrandizing. to
That which has the A'c o R A N D i z E R n.J. [from aggrandize.
3. power of operating, ]
.
heap many particulars into one mafs.
or producing eft'efts
upon another thing.
The perfon that aggrandizes or makes The ervrtgated foil
F cti, by the prope great another. Death, with his mace petrificfc, cold, and dry,
application of agents to patients. T^nt^u. TOAGCRA'TE, t/. a. As with a trident, fmote. Milton i Parjd. L>f?..
[aggraiare, Ital.]
ACGELA'TION. To pleafe; to treat AGGREGA'TIOTC.
n.f. [Lat.^/a.] Concre- wi:h civilities: a n.f. [from aggregate. ~\

tion of ice. word not now in ufe. 1. Cclleftion,. or Hate of being collefted.
in hail, and figured in its g';" And in the mirifV thereof, TJieir individual imperfeftions
1
upon the fldor, being great, th-y
descent irom the air, growing ^citer or kffer ac- A lovely Kvy of fair ladies fate,
ire moreover enlarged by tb/;ir
aggregation; and
erroneous
cording to the accretion or pin a ;us jggciatK* about
'
>urted'ot many a ;olly b-;mg in their frigle nurrot:-?, once hud-
pa.-jrnour 5
the fundamcnUl atoms thereof. i
The which t!-..-m dij in modeil w'f-
amate,
dled together,
they will be crrour itfelf.
lr A;.J each one 1'uught his Brwun'l Vittpiir Errovrs,
r<,1trr.'s
:J^ar Err-uri. laily to aggrait.
AGCENER A'TION. 2. The colleftion, or aft of collecting many
[from ad and
Qrffr.
n.f. gi- To A'GGRAVATE. v. a. [a&rave, Lat.] particulars into one whole.
Lat.] The ftate of growing or
r.eratio,
To mnke heavy, ufed only in a meta- 'Ihc water refident
1. ahyfs is> in all parts-
uniting to another body. in.fj.';
of Tt, ftored with. a Ci-ufiJerable
To make a perfect nutrition, there is required a phorical fenle ; as, to aggravate an ac- quantity of heat,
a^d more efpoc.i Jly in thoft: when: tlicfe extraoidi-
tranli :
nutriment; i
,15 -con- cufation, or a punffhment.
na;-y <:ggr,gjii.r,i of this fire happen.
orzpgtnfrafictris made, there isalfc
:j i A
grove hard by, fpning op v. tli this their crurge, i
W,xdtuard't Natural Hi/lory,
.

in the alimei.t, a fimilirity of matter. H's wiil who reigns abive to

Bri'xn'l J'ul^ar Errturi.
.

Their penanc;-, luen with

aggrware !

3. The whole competed by the coacerva-

like tljat ftuit,
Wh'n tion of
many particulars; an aggregate.
$"o A'GGERATE. ij. a. [from agger, Lat.]
To Us'd by the
tempter. 1 -.-rafifi To AGGRK'SS. i/. [aggrtttiyr, agvref-
.

heap up. Diit. Ambitious Turmn

' L'-JI.

Lat.] To commit the firft ad of.

in the prefs
ap; -".irs, /!.*:,
AGCERO'SE. adj. [from agger, Lat ]
l-'uli And aggravating crimes augments th-.ir fers. .
violence ; to begin the quarrel.
of heaps. D.J. lJry,i. The glorious pair advance.
To AGGLOMERATED -v. a. [^
2. To make any thinn; vvorfe, by the ad- ^ '

T:t ''
ft, and coll'-fled might,
. dition of forne To turn the w.;r, and :
Lat.} particular circumltance, toll
aggr^'frii^ l r.ir.c-, .

1 . To gather up in a ball, as thread.

not effential. How Britain's ions and BrjtaFu's friendj can n -lit.

2. To gather together. '1 li ,

him ergravaieit by
i.ft
ince, ;n i'f,-i i
,,,,
t ; r Friar.
the rnr.ivs thcrf, which w.,, AGGRE'SSION'. n.f. [n^rr//?,), Lat.] The
To ACGLO'MER ATE. v. n. firft aft of
Ecfidc'i, the hard eg?hmtra;ir.t -
the pn-
ing iniivl tr-
injury ; commencement of
/ ,,
vil.
The fpoii of ages, would impervious choke i.irrel
by fome aft of iniquity.
Their fecrct char-. .
..'. 1. The 'aft of
/" [from t^/vj-T',.'/,'.] isnorefiltin -', without
or racking an
N ANTS. TT.f. [ c : aggr'aw-iting; uni.;:l to:
be alfo, on the other i. n
Tlioie medicines or applicat: heavy.. _ , ;

fa"- '

LT.ji,
have the power of uniting parts A inity.
together. P-' f.ic -,
AGGRK.SSOR. n.f. [from aggrcfs.} The
To AGGLUTINATE. i-.. [from Wand and i,_.
pci"'on, that firit commences
holHlity ;
gli'tcn, glue, Lat.] To unite one part to the afiHalttr or invader,
'

ine extnnflcal c::xu:n!iancc3 or aeu- oppofed to the

another; to join together, foas not 3.
defeito
dcnis, which i:ici
'

f.f'jnder. Jt is a word almoft appropri- -uilt of a \\ nature's face?

. icdicinc. . IT?
b ,hr a*. l.ct h/r look to'f.
!

.
i that is .
dit.f ;ttki , I :ycirc)nn/>a- ,
tc
il. , v.hofa
'IT it h: ../,. M arc IT;
danger
tinjttd to the loun, Tors.
rg'd,
allowance cnunlcrpcis'.!, Pcfe anil Swift.
'

fii.d AGGRI t VANCE, n.f. [Sec GRI tVA Net .]

UTIN-A'TIO;;. './,, [from a*
Milton. Injury hardliiip in/lifted ; wrong en--
'
;
.] Union ; cch-fion :
,
L.it.] l-'ra-. dured.
; the ft..!
.
icalar VE. v. a.
f [from gravis,. Lat.
vt J
I
i. To
 A G I A G I AGO
i. To give forrow ; to caufe grief; to rx. fmall bits, of a very fragrant fcent. It A .VmJ of a fchool queftion i> flirted in thi) faMe,
It isnot improbable, that to grieve was is hot, drying, and accounted -a upon reafon and inllindl ; this delibeiative pro-
ftrength-
and aggrieve the ac- encrof the nerves in general. The bell ceeding of the crow, was rather a logical af.'
originally neuter, of the matter.
L'fJ>ra%t'i Fa!:\i.
tive. is of a blackim purple colour, and fo .. Violent motion of the mind ; pertur-
But w.hile therein I took my chief delight,
light as to fwim upon water. >uincy. bation ; dillurbance of the thoughts.
.
lfa\v, alas! the gaping earth devour
The fpring, the place, and all clean out of fight :
ifGIO. n.f. [An Italian word, fignifying A great perturbation in nature ! to receive at

conveniency.] A mercantile
cafe or once the benefit of deep, and do the eftect of
Which -; > i.r.nt even to this hcmr.
watching. la thit flumbry agitation, beJides her
term, ufed chiefly in Holland and Ve-
walking, and other aftaal performances, what
z. To impofe fomc hardfhips upon ; to nice, for the difference between the value have you heard her fay ? Stakrjfrart't Macbeth.
harafs ; This
to hurt in one's right. of bank notes, and the current money. :i:>ther could no
[

longer bear the agitation*

is a kind of juridical fenfe ; and when- Clambers. of Co many paliions as thronged unon her. '

ever it. ii uled now, it feems to bear 'o AGI'ST. v. a. [from gift, Fr. a bed Tatlcr, N 55.
fome allufion to forms oflaw. or refting-place, or from gifter, i. e. 5. Deliberation; contrivance; the ftatc
Sewall, archbithip ot York, much oggr'uvrd To take in and feed the of being confulted upon.
ftabulari.~\ The prujcit now in agitation for
Inme vn'jfticei of the pcvpc's colic&ots, cock repealing of
c.-utle of
ill Catntiei. ftrangers in the king's foreft, th; and yet leaving the name'cf an t
teil aft,
patiently.
The lan-'.ed mn finds hirufelf aggrieved by the and to gather the money. The officers lilhment to the prefent national church, is ircon-
failing of Vis rents, and the ftreightsning of
his that do this, are called cgiftors, in Eng- fiftfnt.
Swift's Mi'ceUttlti,
fortune ; whih> the wwied man keeps up his gain, liih, gueft or gift-takers. Their function AGITA' TOR. n.f. [from agitate.] He that
nd the mcichant thiivcs and grows rich by trade,
Lcckf.
is termed agiftment ; as, agiftment upon agitates any thing ; he who manages
Of injin'd fame, and mighty wrongs reteiv'd, the fea-banks. This word agift is alfo affairs : in which fenfe feems to be ufed
Cbloc comp liins, and wond'roufly 's aggrirv'd. ufed, for the taking in of other men's the agitators of the army.
cattle into any man's ground, at a cer- A'CLET. n.f. it from
[Some derive
a."y^r,,
To AGGROIJ'P. <u. a. [aggroparc, Ital.] To tain rate per week.] Blount. fplendour but it is apparently to be
;

bring together into one figure to crowd AGI'STMENT. deduced from aigulette, Fr. a tag to a
;
n.f. [See AGIST.] It is
together : a terra of pninting. taken by the canon lawyers in another point, and that from a-gu, (harp.]
Bodies of divers natures, which are iJggnu fenfe than is mentioned under agift. I . A tag of a point curved into fome re-
(or combined) together, are agreeable and pleaUnt
to the fight. They feem to intend by it, a modus or prefentation of an animal, generally of
DryJtti-
mean rate, at which a man.
AGHA'ST. [cither the participle of
adj. competition, or
fome right or due He thereupon gave for the garter a chain worth
agaze (fee AGAZE), and then to be
may be reckoned per- :

zool. and his gown addrefied with aglets, efti-cnv i

written agazed, or agnft, or from a and haps it is
corrupted from addoucijjeinent , worth 15!. Hayward.
or adjuftment.
jr,apc,
a ghoft, which the prefent ortho- Why,, give him gold enough, and marry him
AGI'STOR. *./ [from An officer of to a puppet, or an agltt baby, or an old trot, and
graphy favours ; perhaps they were ori- the king's foreft.
agift. ~\
See AGIST. ne'er a tooth in her head.
ginally different words.]
Struck with '
Sba kejftare s Tjmir.g cf the Si
A'G i T A B E
[from agitate agiteKlit,
horrour, as at the fight of a fpectre ;
i. .
adj. ;
z. The pendants at the ends of the chieves
with te.rrour. It is generally Lit.] That which may be agitated, or
ftupified of flowers, as in tulips.
put in motion ; perhaps that which may
applied to the external appearance. A'CMINAL. adj. [from agmen, Lat.] Be-
twaine
She. fighing fore, as if her heart in be diiputed. See AGITATE, and AGI-
Had riven been, and all her heart-ftrings braft, TAT ON I .
longing to a troop. D:(l.
With dreary drooping eynelaok'd up like oe agbjjl. A'GNAIL. adj. [from anje, grieved, and
To A'GITATE. v. a. [agito, Lat.]
Spcnjer.
I . To put in motion ; to ftiake ; to move najle, a nail.] A difeafe of the nails ;
The aged earth agbajl, a whitlow ; an inflammation round the
With terxour of that blaft, nimbly the furface of the waters
; as,
nails.
Shall from thefurface to the centre (hake. M'llun, is
agitated by the wind ; the veflel was
from his ted, broken by agitating the liquor,
AGNA'TION. n.f. [from agnatas, Lat.]
jigbajl he. wak'd, and, darting
Cold fweat in clammy drops his limbs o'erfprcad. Defcent from the feme father, in a di-
z. To be the caufe of motion; to actuate ;
Dryden's jfcr.cid> reft male line, diftincl from cognation,
to move.
laugh to think how your unfliaken Cato
I
or confanguinity, which includes defceu-
Will look agbaj!, while unforcfeen definition Where dwells this fcv'rc'jn arbitrary foul,
Which does the human animal controul, dants from females.
Pours in upon him thus from every fide.
Cjt'j. Inform each part, and agitat: the whole ? B /ackn AGNI'TION. n.f. [from agnitio, Lat.]
^dltifvn's
A'GILE. adj. [agile, agilu, Lat/
Fr. 3. To affect with perturbation ; as, the
Acknowledgment.
mind of man is
by various TaAcNi'zE.
Nimble ; ready ; having the quality o agitated <v. a. [from agiofco, Lat.]
being fpeedily put in motion ; aUve. paflions. To acknowledge ; to own ; to avow.
With that he gave his able horfe the head, 4. To ftir ; to bandy from one to another ; This word is now obfolete.
And bending forward (truck his agile heels to difcuis ; to controvert ; 35, to agita! I do agr.'iz*
Againftthe panting fides of his poor jade, a quelHon. A natural and prompt alacrity
Vp to the rowel-head* Sbakrff. Htnry IV be revived, and hitl) I find in haninefs. Sbt'.-ff tan's Otii!':.
The immediate and agile fuhfervieoce of ihj Though this controverfy
agitated among the moderm ; yt I doubt whcthe AGKOMINA'TION. n.f. [agnominatio, Lat.]
fpiriu to the empire of the mind or
foul.
it be not, in a great part, a nominal difpufi'. Allufion of one word to another, by re-
Hale' i Origin of Mankind
Bc-flt on Ci'atin fembhnce of found.
To guide its aftions with informing care,
In peace to judge, to conquer in the war, ;. To contrive ; to revolve ; to form by The continued yet in Wales, and fime
British

Render it
laborious thought. villagescf Cornwall, intermingled with provincial
agile, witty, valiant, fjge,
As fits the various courfe of human Prior Formalities of extraordinary zeal and piery an Latin, being very fignifkative, copioi.s, and plra-
age.
The qua never more ftudied and elaborate, than when poli fantly running upon agncKins::-, although harih
A'OILKKESS. n.f. [fromagi!e.]
ticians mod agitate delperate deiigns. Kmg Charles in
alpirations. fa
lity of being agile ; nimblenefs ; rea
dinefs for motion ; quicknefs ; activity ACITA'TION. n.f. [ from ag itatc; agitatio
AGKl/S CASTUS. n.f. [Lat.] The name
of the tree commonly called the Chajle
agility. Lat.]
T y. n.f. [agilitai, Lat. from agilis 1. The aft of moving or free, from ;in imaginary virtue of pre-
A'c I'L i making any thing
Putrc.fadtion aflceth rcil for the lubtlc inotio:
agile.] Nimblenefs ; readinefs to move ; ferving chaflity.
which putrcfa&ion requireth, is disturbed by 31, Of laurel fame, of woodbine many more,
quicknefs ; activity .
agitation.
Ea.cn And wreathes of agnus caflus otlicr? bore. D ,-.</.
A limb over-Drained by lifting a weight abov
never recover its former tgility an 2. The ftate of being moved or agitated AGO', adv. [ajan, Sax. paft or gone;
its power, may
vigour. Watts as, the waters, after a ftorm, are fome whence writers formerly ufed, and in
JGI'LLOCHUM. n.f.
Aloes-wood, i time in a violent agitation. fome provinces the people ftill ufe, agone
tree in the liall-Iiidies, brought to us i
3. Difcuiiion ; controvcrfial examination. for age.] Paft ; as, loug ago ; that is,
long
 AGO A G R x A G R
Jong time has pad fince. Reckoning Latin ; iym'fa, Gr. e.gonifer, Fr.] To 1. To be in concord ; to live without con-
time towards the prefent, we \ik fines ; feel agonies ; to be iti exceflive
pain. tention ; not to differ.
as, it is a JCS.T Jiace it happened reck- : Doft thou behold my poor diltrafteJ hcirt, The more you egret together, the
Icfs hurt cart
Thus-rent with agor.\zir.g love ar.d r:ige,
oning from the prefent, we ufe ago ; as, And afk me what it means ? Art thcu not falfe
your enemies do you. Bmac'i Vic-w t-f Epic Poetry.
it happened a year ago. This is not,
?
2. To
grant ; to yield to ; to admit ; with
the particles to or upon.
perhaps, always obferved. Or touch, if, tremblingly alive all o'er,
The great fupnly To laiarc and agtmixe at ev'ry pore ?
Andperfuaded them to agree to all reafonable
Are wreck'd three nights on Godwin finds. conditions. 2 llTjccalcfs, xi. 14.
aft Pcpe^s F.Jpjf on Man Wedo not prove the origin of" the earth from a
SbakJi tare. ACONOTHE'TICK. adj. Fiy and w9nfii ; chaos ; feeing that is agreed an by all that give it
Thi*bttV. by others and myfdf I know,
For i have fcrv'd their fovereign long ago ; Gr.]Propofing publick contentions for ary origin. Eurr.et.
Oft have been caught within the winding train. ; giving prizes ;
prizes prefiding at pub- 3. To fettle amicably.
lick games. Di3. A form of words were quickly agreed or between
I (hill fet down an account of a difcourfe I A'GONY. n.f. [ity, Gr. agon, low Lat. th -m for a perrVfl combination. C'arenJoti.
chanced to have with one of the.ri fjme timecgo.
Cigcnic, Fr.] 4. To fettle terms by ftipulation ; to ac-
The pangs of death cord : followed by ivitb.
Aco'c. adv. [a word of uncertain ety- 1.
properly the
; laft
conuil between life and death. Agree with thine a'iverfary quickly, whilft thcu
mology the French have the term a
: art in the .way with him ; left at any time the
Never was there more pity in faving any than
g'-ga, in lo-.v language ; as, ils iti--vcnt a in ending me, becaufj therein my adverfary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge
agzny fliall end. deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cart into
gcgo, they live to their wilh : from this Slurry .

prifon. Matt. v.
phrafe our word may be, perhaps, de- Thou who for me didTeel fuch piin, 25.
Whofe precious blood the crofs diJ ftain, 5.
To fettle a price between buyer and
rived.] Let not thofe feller.
be va.n. Rafccmmcn.
I. In a ilate of dcfire ; in a ftate of warm ag'.nies
2. Any violent or exceflive pain of body Friend, I do thre no wrong: didftnot thou
imagination ; heated with the notion or mind. agree with me for a penny ? Matt. xx. 13.
of feme enjoyment ; longing ; ilrongly
Betwixt them both, they have me done to dy, 6. To be of the fame mind or opinion.
excited. Thro' wounds and Strokes, and ftubborn handeling,
Heexceedingly provoked or underwent the
As fjr the fenfe and reafon of it, that his little Thut death were better than fuch agony, envy, and reproach, and malice of men of all
or n .thing to do here; As grief and fury unto me did bring. Fairy Queen. and conditions, who agreed in nothing
only let it found full and qualities
round, and chime right to the humour, which Thee 1 have mils'd, and thought it long, depriv'd ell'f. Clarmd.x.
is at Milton is a noble genius, and the world agrees to
prclent agog (juft as a big, long, ra:t!ing Thy prefer ce, ag'-ny of love! till rmw
name is faid to command even adoration from a Nit felt, nor (hall be twice. MiiKn'i Par. Lafl. confefs it. H'dtti"! Improvement cf the Mind,

Spaniard), and, no doubt, with th's powerful, j. It is

particularly ufed in devotions for j. To
concur ; to co-operate.
fenfelefs engine, the rabble driver (hall be able t Muft the whole man, amazing thought! return
our Redeemer's conflict in the garden.
carry all before i
Sculb'i X To thi cold ma.ble and contrafted urn ?
To propofe our defires, which cannot take fuch
z. It is ufed with the verbs to be, or to fet And never (ha!l thofe particles aprce,
;
erteiS aswe fpecify, (hall, notwithftanding, other-
he him That were in life this individual he ? Prior.
as, /'/
agog, or you may fet wife procure us his heavenly grace, even as this
very prayer of Chrift obtained angels to be fent
8. To fettle fome point ajnong many, with
Thegawdy goflip, wher. (he's/-? agog, him as comforters in his Hooker.
iigony. ufort before a noun.
In j;wels drelt, and at each car a bob, AGO'OD. adv. [a and gcoii.~\ Jn earnelt ;
Strifes and troubles would be cndlefs, except
i', ami, in her trim of pride, not fielitioutly. Not in ufe. they gave theircommon confent all to be ordered
Thinks all fl.c f.iys or dors is jultify'd. At that time I majc her by fome whom
they fliould agree upon. Hoiker.
wt-jp t ifood, If men, ikilled in chymical affairs, mall
Dryd. Jav. Sat. vi. For :
'

imentable pirt. agree

This maggot has no fooner j'n to write clearly, and keep men from being rlunned
Tvii Gtr.t.t'' T,-r i:.i.
he gets him a f;.. iilds ca:ties in by dark or enip'.y words, they will be reduced
AGOU'TY. An animal of the An-
.

J conceiu both the Lsdies cof- n.f. either to write nothing, or books that
in liis
may teach
tilles, of the bignefs of a rabbet, with us fjmethii);.'.
L'fftrmgt. Bvyle.
3. It has the particles on, or
far, before bright red hair, and a little tail without 9. To be confiilent ; not to contradict ;
the object of defire. hair. He has but two teeth in each j.iw, with to or with.
On which the fj'a:s are all holds his meat in his like a For many bare fa'fe witncfs againft him, but
agog, fore-paws
Ard all this for a bear and dog.
Iludilr. cart. ii. and has a very remarkable cry. their witnefs agreed not together.
Mark, xiv. 56.
fquirrel,
nerally rt.agjjlc into the fe parts, and When he is angry, his hair Hands on They that flood by faid again to Peter,
Su.ely
fet the heads of our fervant-malci fo ,. tl.ou artone of them : for thou art a Galilean,
hulbar.dj, that we do not cxr-efl to have end, and he itrikes the* earth with his and thy fpecch agreah thereto. Mark, xiv. 70.
any bufi-
nefs done as it ihcu'.u be, whiift
they a? hind-feet, and, when chafed, he flies Which teftimony I the lefs fcruple to all gc,
country. Mi. to a hollow tree, whence he is bec.iufe it
agrees very well with what has been af-
expelled
AGO'INC. [from a and
firmrd to me.
participial adj. by fmoke. 7ri<uoux.
To Am with
Boyle.
ging.~\ Inaction; into adtion. To ACRA'CE. <v. a. [from a znA 10. ; to be accommodated
Their firft movement, and imprciicj mot'ors, grace.] to with to or ivitb.
'

demanded the impulie of an almighty hand to fet

To grant favours to ; to confer benefits
:

Thou frc.leil thine own

people with angeh food,
them firft agoing. Tatlrr. upon a word not now in ufe.
:
and didft fend them from heaven bread ti
She granted, and that knight much agreeing
ACO'NE. ad--j. [ajan, Sax.] Ago; paft.
fo
agrat'd, evel7
irifdom.
That (he him taught celeftial difcipline. His principles could not be made to avrte with
See AGO.
Fairy Queen. that conftitution and order which God had fettied
It ht fuch a princely one,
ACRA'MMATIST. n. f. [*, pri<v. and in the world ; and,
therefore, muft needs cl.uh
fpeak him long afane f
-i

y;iy.u.u., Gr.] An illiterate man. Difl. with common fenfe and experience. Locke.
Ben 'Jonfin't Fair;' Pr'.r.ce.
A'CONISM. AGRA'RIAN. adj. [ngrarius, Lat.] Re- 1 1. To caufe no difturbance in the
body.
n.f. [uyutiffpo;, Gr.] Conten- I have often thought, that our
tion for a prize. Difl. lating to fields or grounds ; a word fcl- preferring affe
milk in fuch final]
quantities, is injudicious; for,
A'GONIST. Aeon- dom ufed but in the Roman
n.f. [iyt/njs, Gr.] hillory, undoubtedly, with fuch as it agrees with, it would
tender for prizes. Difl.
where there is mention of the agrarian perform much gieatcr and quicker in
cfr'cdh,
AGONI'STES. n.f. [ItfiniriKi Gr.] A prize- IAW. greater quantities. Arbutbmt.
ft AGRE'ASE. ii.a. [from a and To AGRE'E. <v. a.
fighter ; one that contends at r,y pub- greafe.']
lic folemnity for a prize. Milton has
To daub ; to greale ; to pollute with 1. To put an end to a variance.
filth. He from far, or feemcd for to fee,
f'lw
fo ilyled his tragedy, bec.iufe
Sam/on The waves thereof fo flow and flupgifh were,
Some troublous uproar, or contentious
was called cut to divert the Philiftines fray,
Whereto he drew in hafle it to agree.
Engrofs'd with mud, which did them foul agreafe.
with feats of ftrength.
AOONI'S ncAL.adj. To AGRE'E.
Fairy Qacrn.
2. To make
Fairy %, t. it.

[fromagoni/lt-s.] Re- r
v. n.
(tomgrc, [agrecr, Fr.
friends
to reconcile. ;
The mighty rivals, whofe deftruftive rage
lating to prize-fighting.. Difl.
liking or good-will; gratia and gratus, Did the whole world in civil aims
fa A'CONIZE. v. a. [from aronizo, low engage,
Lat.J Are now agretd.
VOL. RofcomMMi.
I.
H AGRE'EABLE.
 AGR A G U AHA
/CRS'IAJLI. eJj. [agrcal/t, Fr.] i. Concord. termitting fever, with cold fits fuccee-d-
1. Suitable to ; confident with ; conform- What agreement is there between the hyen am
'
ed by hot. The cold fit is, in popular
able to. It has the particle to, or with the dug? and what peace between the rich an language, more particularly called the
This paucity of blood the poor ? Ecciuj. ri'i. i?
othe
ague, and the hot the fever.
to
is
agreeable many /
tuimilj, as frigs, lizards, and other fifhei. z. Refemblance of one thing to another. Our caftle's ftrength
Brbiun's Vulgar Errcars Tlu divilim and quavering which pleafc f(
Will laugh a fiegc to (turn. Hc-rp let them lie,
Th:: dcl'^r whicli men have in
popularity
much in mufick, hive an tjgrawtr.'. with the gilt Till famine and the agtit eat them up. i- k
fam m, and fubjeftion or' o'.iitr nxn' tering of light, as the moon-beams playing upon \

'I
hough
minds, (eemeth to be a thing, in itfelf, withou Bjfon He of youth, and colds of age,.
feels the heats
nnfequence, agrestic and grate- Expanfion and duration have this farther agree Vet neither tempers nor correct^ -he other;
ful to the nature of man. Bacon's Natural that though they are both ctinfidered b\
rtift:;, As if there were an ague in his nature,
Hijt',ry
What you do, is not at all agreeable tithe us as having parf, yet their parts are not feparabl That Hill inclines to one extreme. .
ie'::b fo
good a chriltian, or fo rcafonable and f> ore from another. Locke
A'GUED. adj. [from ague.] Struck, with
bargain; conclufionof con-
g.^at a p;-if.,n.
Terrific. 3. Corapafl ;
an ague
That which agreeaHe ft the nature of one
is fhivering; ; chill ; cold : a
troverfy ilipulation.;
thin;, is many times contrary to the nature And your covenant with death (hall be difan
word in little ufe.
nothcr. All hurt behind, backs red, and facei pale,
L'Ffr.'n^ nulled, and your agreement with hell fliall no
As Uie practice of all piety and virtue is agrfc- With flight and ague d tear
(rand ;
when the
overflowing fcourge fliall paf
Ceri^'aras.
!
Sbattjf.
able to our reafon, fo is it likewife the interef
both of private perfonf and of public focieties. through, then ye fliall be trodden down by it. A'GUE FIT. n. f. [from ague and//.]
Jjaiab, xxviii. 18 The paroxyfm of the ague.
Makean agreement with me by a prefen:, am This ague ft of fear is overblown.
2, In the following paflage the adjective come out to me, and then eat ye every man o.
Sbakijf. Rick. II.
is ufed
by a familiar corruption for the his own vine, and every one of his fig-tree.
A'CUE PROOF, adj. [from
adverb agreeably. 2 Kings, xviii. 31 ague and proof.]
Proof againft agues ; able to refift the
Agreeable hereunto, perlreps it might not beam'fs Frog had given his word, that he would mee
tomake children, as foon a$ they are capable of it, the company, to talk of this agrermnt. caufcs which produce without
agues,
A'butbnofs Hiftory of John Bull.
^ften to tell a ftory. Locke on Education. being affefted.
AGRE'STICK, or ACRE'STICAL. adj When the rain came to wet me once, and the
3. Pleafing ; that is fuitable to the incli-
[from agrcfth, Lat.] Having relation
winj to make me chatter; when the thunder would
nation, faculties, or temper. It is ufed
to the country ; rude; ruftick. not peace at my bidding tliere I found 'em,
in this fenfe both of perfons and things. Ditt. j

AGRICOLA'TION. n. f. [from agricola,

there I fmelt 'em out. They told me J was every
And while the face of outward things we find
thing : 'tis a lie ; I am not ague proof .

PleaUnt and fair, agreeable and I'weet, Lat.] Culture of the ground. Dlff.
Skakfjr.exre't King Isfar.
Thefc things Sir J. Davits. A'CR CULTURE,
tranfport. i
n.f. [agricultura, Lat.] A'GUE-TREE. n.f. [from ague and tret.]
1 recollect in my mind the difcourfes which
have pailed between us, and call to mind a thou-
The art of cultivating the ground ; til- A name fometimes given to faffafras.
fand agreeable remarks, which he has made on lage ; husbandry, as diitinft from paf-
thcfe occafions.
Addifcn, Sfeflator, N 241. turage. E. ir. a. [ from a and guife. See
ACRE'EABLENESS. n.f. [from agreeable.}
He ftrittly advifeth not to begin to fow before to deck
the fetting of the (lars; which, notwithstanding,
GUISE.] Todrefs; to adorn; :

1. Confiftency with; fuitablenefs to: with a word now not in ufe.

without injury to agriculture, cannot be obferved
the particle to.
in England. Brown's Vulgar Errcurs.
As her fantaftic wit did moft delight,
Pleai'ant tafles depend not on the
things thcm-
Sometimes her head (he fondly would aguift
That there was tillage beftowed upon the ante-
fcives, but tlicir agreeablenefs to this or that parti- diluvian ground, Mofes does indeed intimate in
With gaudy garlands, or fre(h flowers dighc
cular palate, wherein there is great
variety. Locke.
About her neck, or rings of ruihes plight.
general ; what fort of tillage that was, is not
2. The quality of pleafing. It is ufed in exprelTcd I hope : to (hew that their agriculture F.iiry Queen.
.ininferiour fenfe, to mark the was nothing near fo laborious and trcublefome, A'CUISH. adj. [from ague.] Having the
pro-
duftion of fatisfaftion, calm and laft- nor did it take up fo much time as ours doth. qualities of an ague.
Woodward's Natural Hiftory. So calm, and fo ferene, but now,
ing, but below rapture or admiration. The difpontion of Ulyffes inclined him to war, What means this change on Myra's brow ?
There will be occafion for largenefs of mind
rather than the more lucrative, but more fecure, Her aguijh love now glows and burns,
aJ agrnablenefs of temper. Collier
of friendjhif. method of Then chills and (hakes, and the cold fit returns.
life, by agriculture and hulbandry.
It is
very much an ifmg? of that author's writ- Broome's Notes on the Odyfiy.
ing, who has an that charms us,
agricatlenefs
without corrcftnefs ; like a miftrefs, whofe faults
A'GRIMONY. n.f. [agrimania, Lat.] The A'CUISHNESS. n. f. [from aguijh.] The
we fee, but love her with them all.
Pope.
name of a plant. The leaves are rough, quality of refembling an ague.
3. Refemblance; likenefs; fometimes with hairy, pennated, and grow alternately AH. InterjcSicn.
the particle bctwuH. on the branches ; the flower-cup con- I. A word noting fometimes diflike and
This rela'ion is likewife fecn in the fiftsofone leaf, which is divided into cenfure.
agreeable-
nefs bd-Kttn man and the other parts of the uni- five fegments the flowers have five or : Ab! fmful nation, a people laden with ini-
verfe. Grtafi Cofmo/ogia Sacra.
fix leaves, and are formed into a long quity, a feed of evil-doers, children that are cor-
ACRE'EABLY. atfv. [from agreeable .~\ nipters, they have forfaken the Lord. Ijaijb, i. 4.
fpike, which expand in form of a rofe ;
Sometimes contempt and
1.
Confiftently with ; in a manner fuitable z. exultation.
to.
the fruit is
oblong, dry, and prickly, Let them not fay in their hearts, Ah ! (o we
like the burdock in each of which are ; would have it : let them not fay, we have fwal-
They may look into the affairs of ludea and
to that which is in the law of
contained two kernels. Miller. lowed him up. Pfalm xxxv. 25.
Jerufaiem, agreitkly
tlit Lojd. I
Ej'J. xviii. \i.
To AORI'SE. <v. n. [ajriij-an, Sax.] To 3. Sometimes, and moft frequently, com-
1. Pleafingly. look terrible. Out of ufe. Spenfer. paffion and complaint.
1 d>d never imagine, that fo many excellent To A o R i 's E it. 'a. . To terri fy . Spenfer.
In youth alone, unhappy mortals live;
rules could Le produced fo advanugeoufly and ACRO'UND. ad*u.[from a and ground.] But, ab ! the mighty blifs is fugitive :

agmatty. i-ivift. Difcqlour'J fickivfs, anxious labour come,

1. Stranded hindered by the ground from
AGRE'ED. participial adj. [from agree.]
;
And age and death's inexorable do vn.
Settled by confent. paffing farther. Dryd. Virg. Gccrg. \\\,
With our great (hips, we durft not approach the Abmt\ the blooming pride of
Whenthey had gjt known and agretd names, May,
to fi^nify thofe internal
coaS, we having been all of us aground. Ar.J t'.jt ,)F ln.-ar.ty are but one :
operations of their own Sir tr. Raleigh's EJfiys.
minds, they were fuifici-iitly furnifhed to make At morn botrVflouiiiri bright and gay,
known by words all their iJcjs. Say what you feck, and whitherwcre yiub.-tmJ ?
Both fa:!c at evening, pale, and gone. Priori
I.i-fki.
Were you, by ftrefs of weather, caft aground f
AGRE'BINGNESJ. n.f. [from agr ee.] Con- 4. When it is followed by that, it ex-
OryJen's j&mitl-
fidence fuitablenefs. z. It likewife preffes vehement defire.
is
figuratively ufcd, for
;

A<-;RE'EMENT. n. In gooJnefs, as in greatnels, they excel ;

j. {agrtment, Fr. in
being hindered in the progrefs of af-
Latin agreamentmn, which Ab that we lov'd ourfelves but half fo well.
.'
la\v Coke fairs as the negociators were aground
;

would willingly derive from Drjanfi jfuveKijf..

egrrtgatia at that objection. AHA'! AHA'! interjection. A word inti-
'VGUE, n. f. [a'u, Fr. acute.} An in-
mating triumph and cumerupt.
They
 A I D A I M A I R
They opened their mouth wide sgainlt me, AI'DER. it./, [from aid.'} He that brings fa which all mm do aim, rich to tie made,
and faid, aba ! aba ! our eye hath fcen it. Such grace now to be happy is before trite laid.
aid or help ally.
; a helper ; an
ffalm xxxv. II. All along .is he went, were punilhed the adhe- P'aiy i^v.
AHB'AD. Another kind there which although
[from a and head.]
ad-v. rents and aijus of the late icbels. is, wfc de-

Farther onward than another : a fea

fne for itfelf, health, and virtue, f,:d
;is know-
i. Bacon s llcttry VII.
ledge, nevei'thelefs they are not the laft mark
term. AI'DLESS. adj. [from aid and lefs,
an in- ir..-ira;/ we tf/M, but have their further end where*
And now the mighty Centaur fms to lead, unto
feparable particle.] Helplcfs ; uniup- t.
ey are referred. Jlontfr,
And now the fpeedy Dolphin gets ahead. Swoln with applaufe, and aiming ftill at more,
ported ; undefended.
Alone he enter'd He now provokes the fea-gods from the (hore.
2. Headlong; precipitantly :^ ufed of ani- The mortal gate o' th' city, which he painted Drydttft j&ne'hl.
mals, and figuratively of men. With ihunlels deftiny : aidl-^ \ came oiT, Religion tends to the e.if?. and pleafure, the
mi^htiiy the fault of parents, guardians,
It is And, with a fudden re-enforccmcnt, ftruck peace and tranquillity of our minds, which nit
the wifdom or" the world did
tutors, and governours, that lo many men mil- Corioli, like a planet. &bak<.fp. Csrulanps. always aim at f as the
carry. They fufTer them at firft to run ctcad, He had r.ic:
utrf.oil
felicity of this life. Tilbrfin,
and, when perverfe inclinations arc advanced into Already, ert my befr. fpeed could utevent, 3. To guefs.X
habits, there is na dealing with them. The aidleji innocent lady, his wifh'd prey. To Ai M. <v. a. To direft the miffle wea-
L'EJlrangc's Fablts. HMtctfiCcmtts. more
pon particularly taken Jur the
AHE'IGHT. adv. [from a and height.'}
A' lev LET. a./, \_aignlet, Fr.]
A point ;

aft of pointing the weapon by the

on high. eye,
Aloft ; with tags ; points of gold at the end before its difmiffion from the hand.
But have I fail'n or no ? of fringes-. And proud Ideus, Priam's charioteer,
From the dread I'ummit of this chalky bourne !
It all above was throughout
Look up alttgbt, the mrill-gorg'd lafk fo far
befprinkled Who (hakes his empty reins, and aims his airy
With golden aigu'as that glifttr'd bright,
Cannot be feen or heard. fpear. Dryjat,
Skaktfp. K'mr Lfar. Like twinkling ftars, and all the feirt about
AHQUA AIM. n. f. [from the verb.}
'I.
n.f. The name of a poifonous Was hemm'd with golden fringes. Fairy Saar.
To AIL. *u. a. [ejlan, Sax. to be trouble- 1.The direction of a miflile weapon.
plant.
Afcanius, young and eager of his game,
To AID. >v. a. \_aiJer, Fr. from aajutare, fome.] Soon bent his bow, uncertain of his aim ;
Lat.] To help ; to fupport ; to fuc- 1. To pain ; to trouble ; to give pain. But the Jire fiend the fatal arrow guides,
cour. And the angel of God calleJ to Ka^ar out ot Which picic'd his bowels through his pjnting
Into the lake he leapt, his lord to aitf, hven, and f.'.id unto her, What ailctb thee, Ha- fid-s. Dry den, ji>. vii. / 69:.
And of him catching* not : for God hath heard the voice of The
hold, h'rn ftrongly ffaid gar ? fe 2. point to which the thing thrown is
From drowning. Fairy S^uetn.
the lad where he is. Cm. xxi. 17. tiirecled.
Neither they give any thing unto them
fliall 2. It is afed in a fenfe lefs determinate, That arrows fled not fwifter toward their aim,
that make war upon them, or aid them with
for to afitt in any manner ; as, Thaa c!i j our foldiuc, aiming at thtir fafety,
finx-
victuals, weapons, rr.oney, or Slips. Fly from
tbing ails me that I caniiot ft jiill\ what
t'lc fitlu.
Sb,:k(Jl>. Henry IV. f. ii.
Mjccabres, viii. 26.
ails tie man that be 3. In a figurative fenfe, a purpofe a
laughs without rea-
;
By the loud trumpet, which our courage aids,
We learn that found as well as fenfe perfuadu. fcherne ; an intention ; a defign.
Jbn? He fruited to have equall'd the Mutt High,
Rafcunmon. Love fmiled, and thus faid, Want joined to
If he cppos'd and, with ambitious uim,
AID. *. /. [from To aid.] defireis
unhappy but if he nought do deftre, ;
:

what can Heraclitustf/7? Againd the throne and monarchy of God

I
Help ; fupport.
. Sidney.
What tits me, that I cannot lofe thy thought RaVd impious war. M;//. Par. Left, it. i. /. 41.
The memory of ufeful thing- may receive con- !

But feehow oft ambitious aim arecrolr,

Cderable aid, if they are thrown into verfe.
Command the emprefs hither to be brought,
And chiefs contend till all the prize is lolf.
Ptpt.
Wans" i Mind. I, in her death, (hall fome diverlion find,
Iitfrovemeitt of the The object of the thing after a defign
Your And rid my thoughts at once of woman-kind. 4. ;
patrimonial (tores in peace po(Tefs j
Undoubted all your filial claim confefs : DryJin's 'Ijrt:nr;^k Lcvc. which any one endeavours.
Ycur private right (hould impious power invade, To be incommoded.
feel to The fafeft way ij to fuppofc, th.it the epiftle
3. pain ;
The peers of Ithaca would arm in aid. fife's Od. has but one aim, tiM, by a frequent pcnifal of it,
4.
It is remarkable, that this word is
The you are forced to fee there are diftinft indcpendi nt
2. perfon that gives help or fupport ; never ufed but with fome indefinite Lode's Efy on St. Paul's Efijiles.
parts.
a helper ; auxiliary. or the word nothing ; as, What
term, 5. Conjecture'; giiefs.
Thou haft faid, it is not good that man (hou!d
ails him ? What does he nil? He ails
be alone ; let us make unto him an aid, like unto
Tt is impolnble,
by aim, to tell it ; and, for
he ails expei icnce and knowledge thereof, I do not think
himfclf. Titit, viii. 6. fotnethin^ ;
nothing. Sdmithhig ails
;ere was ever
Great came him Thus we never any of the particulars thcre'cr".
aids in to him, partly upon miflives, ; nothing ails him.
and partly voluntaries from Sf infer at Irdin'd.
many parts. fay, a fever ails him, or he ails a fever, There is a hiftory in all men's lives,
Back's Htnry VII. or ufe definite terms with this verb. F:"u,-irig tne nature of the times Jeceas'd;
In law.
3.
A did is alfo
AIL. n.f. [from the v:rb.] A difcafe. v.-iijch obferv'd, a man may
prophcfy
H.bfiJy. particularly ufed, in Or heal, O NarlVs, thy obfctner ail.
With a near air., of the main Chance of things,
r of
pleading, for a petition made in cuurt, f'fe.
' As yet nrt come to life, which in their ileds
for the calling, in of help from another, that hith A i i. MENT . H /. .
[ from ail. ] Pain ; dif- And "weak br^ir-.niiigs/Iic intie'fuied.
an inttrctt in the caufe in queftion ; and ii i.kc. eafe.
wife both to g've ftrength to rVie 'p. limy IV.
party that pray. ''!:' ." attend the fair, AIR.
-
in aid of him, anJ alfo to avoid a prejuH'ce a^- Not decent lor a huioanJ's eyj
n.f. [ajr, Fr.
Lat.} a'e'f,
or. ear. Grsr.-vi'k.
1. The element
eruir.g towards his own right, except it be pre- I am never ill, but
thing of your a
I encompaffing the terra-
vented as, when a tenant for term of life, c.jur-
: and r-p!r,e tli.'.t
they mutually hinder our being queous gfobe. :

V. beinj implcadcd touching his dVatr, h<- It I \veix- to tell what I mean
tefy,
Hv.-'ft': Liters. t>y the word air,
.
toget:.
may pray in aid of hirrt in the rcverfion ; that is, A'ILING.
I may fry, it is that fine matter which we breathe
entreat the court, that he may b- called in bv participial adj. [from To //.] in and- Breathe out
contiuually ; or it ia that thin
writ, to all-gc what he thir.ks gnod fur t! Sickly; full of complaints. fluid body, in which the birds fly, a little abova.
tenancc both of his right and his own. To AIM. c
CVit-r.7. i: a. [It i; derived by the earth ;
or it is that iuviliblc matter, v.hkh
AI'DANCE. from efmtr, to point at ; a word which . nt whith in n:< (Ir-
n.f. [from a/W.] Help ; fup-
a word little ufed. I have not ately cncompafiis the j;lobe of earth ai;d w. trr.
port :
found.] Watts's Lcgick,
Oft have I Iccn a
timely parted gholr, 1. To endeavour to ftrikc with a miffive 2. The date of the air ; or the air con-
Of fcmblance, meagre, pale, ant! bloodlefe,
aff-.y
weapon ; to direct towards ; with the Cifeied with
Bt-ing all defcendcd to the lab'ring henrt, regard to health.
Who, rn the c.>nflift that it holds wish .t-atfi, particle at. nuny goad and healthful airs, that
>

Arr.tiU the fame Aim ft thou at princes all an'.azM they

for aidanc fn';', /car by habitation and other proofs, that
-/:aiy. The lalt of gam**? u/Hcr nut in l;^:! hum oilier airs.
.h-lfeare's Hirry VI.
AI'DA.NT. 2. To
point the view, or dircft the ftcps Bacoi.'s Natural Hijlory,
N 904*
ai/j. [aidant, Fr.] Helping;
: noc in ufe. towards any thing ; to tend toward", ; 3. Air in motion ;
a lYnall gentle wind.
helpful Fie'],
.> ibiilVd xirtuesof tlu-a.-lh, to endeavour to reach or obtain with :
i,entle airs,
Whifr^AI it to-tha woo.ls, and from their wings
to formerly, now
my lean ; be aldar.i and rcmrdiate
only with 'nt. from the fpicy fhrub
i .

:
goud man's dillrefi.
Stakcff. Klr.g Lear. Lr, here the world is blifk
;
io hcic '.I,-.-

Uifporting !
Muton't Parajjife Lojt, i>, viii. /. 51 ;.
H z Uut
 A I R A I R A I R
But fife repofe, without an air of breath, There 11 fbmething wonderfully divine in the .
Any cuticle or veficle filled with air.
Dwells here, and a dumb i;uiet next to death. airs of this picture. Addtjon art
Italy. The pulmonary artery and vein pafs along the
Dryttetl. Vtt fliould the Graces all thy figures place, furfaees of thcfc aubltddin, in an infinite num-
Let rernil tin through trembling ofiers pLy, And breathe nn air divine on ev'ry face. Pope. ber of ramifications. Arluibno in Atimnti*
And Albion's cliffs lelound the rural lay.
4. An aftefted or laboured manner or . The bladder in fifties, by ihe contrac-
Pofe's Paf.rals.
gcfture as, a lofty air, a gay air.
; tion and dilatation of which, they vary
4. Scent ; vapour. Whom Ancus follows with a fawning air \ the properties of their weight to that of
Stinks which the noftrils flra'ght abhor ire not But vain within, and prouuly popular.
their bulk, and rile or fall.
the molt pernicious, but fuch a.rs as have lu...i Drydcns JEncid, vi. -in fiihej feemt necefTary
the airHadJer
;

with man's body ; and

.j.;c fo infinuate There are of thefe fort of beauties, which Though
moment fir I'wimmin;, yc; fome are fo formed as to fwi-n
themldves, and betray ;hc fjirits. Bacor.. lair but for a the different airs oi
; ss,
without it. Cudii'trtb.
an aficmbly, upon the fight of an unex; ecied and
5. Blalt ; peflileniial vapour.
;mon nrijed>, force particularity of a vi >ici;t A'IR BUILT, atfj. [from
air and build.]
All the ftor'd vengeances of heaven fall
fime graceful acTion, a fmile, a glance of Built in the air, without any folid foun-
On her ingrateful top rtrike her young bones, ! paflion,
an eye,a dil'aainful look, a look of gravity, and a
dation.
You taking airs, wUhiamencfs Sbak. King Lear. !

thoufand other fuch like things. Hence the fool's paradife, thcftatefman'sfchcme,
6. Any thing light or uncertain ; that is
Dry Jen's Dnfrrfncy. The caftle, and the golden dream,
airl/tiili
as TVght as air. The'r whole lives were employed in intiigues o/
The maid's romantick wiih, the chymilt'i flame,
(late, and they naturally give
therafelves airs of
momentary grace of mortal men, And poet's vilion of eternal fame.
Which we more hunt for than the grace of God !
kings and princes, r<f which the miniftcrsol other Pofe's DaitciaJ, f-.

Who builds his hope in air of your fa'r looks, nations arc only the rcprcfentatives.
AIR-DRAWN, adj. [from a;r and Jra--j./i.]
Lives like 3 drunken faiior on a marc, Remarks en Italy.
Mdijm's
down. To Drawn or painted in air a word not :

Ready with ev'ry nod to tumble curl their waving hairs,

care's Ritbard III. A/lift their blufties,and infpire their airs. Poft. ufed.
Sbattff
The open weather air unconfined. He aflu-ncs and afl'efts an entire fet of very This is the very painting of your fear,
7. ;
Thii Is the air-drawn dajr^er, which, you faid,
The garden was incl s'd within th; I
d'.ftVrent airs ; he conceives himfelf a being of a
rt. Led you to Duncan. Ma.li'.b.
fuperiour narurc.
'-.
Whcic ycung Emilia took the morning air. Stvj
Diyrlex's Failrs. ;. Appearance. A'l R E R //. [from To air. ] He that tx-
.
/
t. Vent utterance emiflion into the air. As it was communicated with the air of a fe-
pofes to the air.
; ;

1 would have afk'd you, if I du: ft for fliame, cret, it foon foundits way into the worM.
A'IR HOLE. n. /, [from air and tele."] A
fcpei Ded. to
R.'fe of the Loci.
If Mill you >v'd ? you gave it air before n.c.
I hole to admit the air.
But ah why were we not both of a lex ? 6. [In horfemanflup.] Airs denote the
!
A'IRINKSS. n. f. [from airy."]
For then we might have lov'd without a crime. artificial or pradliied motions of a ma
horfe. Chambers.
.
Openneft ; expofure to the air.
naged z.
ro AIR. Lightnefs ; gaiety ; levity.
9. Publication ; expofure to the publick [from the noun<i/>.]
<v. a.
The French have indeed taken worthy pains to
view and knowledge. :. To expofe to the air; to open
to the make claHick learning fpeak their language ; if
am' ferry to find it has taken air, that 1 have
I mull be imputed t j a
air. they have not fucceeded, it
fome hand in thefe papers. P fe's Letters. The others make it a matter of fmall com- certain talkativencfs and reprefcnted in
airlnefs
10. ; information. This is mendation in they,
itfelf, if who wear it, do their tongue, which
never agree with the fe-
will
Intelligence
not now in ufe. which their place datenef; of the Roman?, or the lolemnity of the
notl.ing elfe but air the robes,
which the princes and H<xk<r, b. v. Gieeks. F-.'i'.n.
It grew from the airs req;iircih. 49.
fates abroad received from their ambairaJors and Fleas breed principally of ftraw or mats, where VIRISG. ./ [from air.] A mort jour-
Span's Htnry VII. there hath been a little moirture, or the chamber
agents here.
and bsd-ftraw kept clofe, ami not aired. ney or ramble to enjoy the free air.
11. Mufick, whether light or ferious ;
Bacon s N<iiura! tUjhry,^" 6j5.
This lit le only to fetch them wine
licet ferves

found ; air modulated. and corn, and to give thc'.r ladies an airing in the
We have had, in our time, experience twice or fummer icafon.
This muCck crept by me upon the waters, when both the' judges that fat upon the
/
thrice,
Allaying both their fury and my paflion, and numbers of th.ife that amended the VIRLESS. adj. [from air.] Wanting
jail,
With its fweet air. Sbakeff tare's TarfeJ!. bufmefs, or were prcfcnt, fickened upon it, and communication with the free air.
Call in fome mufick ; I have heard, fofi airs Nor ftony tower, nor walls of b.'attn brafs,
died. Therefore, it we.e good wifd:>m, that, in
Can charm our fenfes, and expd our caies. fuch cafes, the jail were aired, before they wen Nor air/eft dungeon, nor ftrong links of iron,
I'accn's Natural Hlftry, N 9 1 4.
Detibdtn's Scfily. C.m be retentive to the flicn^rh of fpirit.
brought forth.
The fame airs, whxh fome enteitiin with rucft
As were airing their provifioni on
the ants Shakf/pearSt Julius Cafar.
delightful transports, to others are importune. winter, up comes a hungry grafshopper to them,
Glanvil/e's Sccfjis Sacntljica.
A'IRLING. n. f. [from air, for gayetj."\
s a
L'EJl'range's Fables.
Since we have fuch a trcafury of words f;
charity.
Or wickejr-ba.'kets weave, or air the corn.
A young, light, thoughtlefs, gay pcr-
proper for the airs of mufick,
I wonder that per- i> fon.
fcns mould give fo little attention.
To the air,
Some more there be, flight afr/mgj, will be won
406. N 2. gratify, by enjoying open With dogs, and horfes, and perhaps a whore.
jtddifsn, Sfcfljtor,
Borne on the fwclling notes, our fouls afpire, with the reciprocal pronoun. Bin 'J-r^n.
While folemn airs improve the facrcd fire ; Nay, May a little

And angels lean from heav'n to hear ! Were you but riding forth to Kr jltfjelf, A'IRPUMP. [from air and pump.] A
n. /.

Pope's Si. Cf cilia. Such parting Wf:e t >o petty. Sbattjf. Cymielint. machine by whofe means the air is ex-
When the foul is funk with Cares, I afcendeJ the hi^hell hilis of Bagdat, in ordei
hauiled out of proper veflels. The piin-
to pafs the reft of the Jay in meditarion and prayer
cip!e on which it is built, is the elaiU-
Exalts her in enliv'ning airs! Pope's St.Ceecilia
As I was here airing *"yff (f on the tv.ps of the
12. Poetry a fong.
city of the air ; as
that on which the wa -
;
The m jun'iiins, I fell into a profound co .temptation
repeated air
on the vanity of human Addit n, terpump is founded, is on the gravity of
(
life. .

Of fad Eledlra's poet had the pow'r

To fave th' Athenian walls from ruin bare. . To air liquors to warm them by the the air. The invention of this curious
;

Paradifl Regained a term u'ed in converfation.

inilrument is afcribed to Otto de Gue-
fire :

rick, conful of M:igdebourg, in

13. The mien, or manner, of the perfon 4. To breed in ncfls. In this fenfe, it i 1654.
the look. now ou But his machine laboured under k .

derived from aerie, a neft. it is

Her
graceful innrcence, her ev'ry air, defefts the force neccflary to work it
;
of ufe.
Of gefture, or lea ft action, over-aw'd Yi'u may add
was very great, and the proprefs very
their bufy, dirg^rous, ('ifcour
His malice. Milt.n's Paraiiife Loji
teous, yea and fometimes deipiteiu! it..,[ flow; it was to be kept under water,
For the air of youth from an 'thi-r, of the eggs and young ones; whr and allowed of no change of fubjefts for
Hopeful and cheerful, in thy bl 'Oil Oiall reign to air naturally anJ qu't t'\
y were allowed Mr. Boyle, with the af-
A melancholy damp of cold and dry, there would be ftoie fufhcier.t, to kill not only th
experiments.
To weigh thy fpiritt down ; and lad confume the houfewivc iiftance of Dr. Hi-oke, removed feve-
pm.idges, but even
good all
The balm of life. Milton's ParadiJeLcJ.
chickens in a country. ral inconveaiencics ; though, (till, the
But, having the life before us, befides the ex
perience of all they knew,
it is no wonder to 1.'
Carnv's Survey cfCcritwa!
working was laborious, by reafon of the
of the atmofphere at every ex-
fomc airs aud features, which they have milled. A'IRBLADDER. n. f. [from air and blad prefl'ure
Drydtr. on Dratnatiik Entry fuilion. Tlus labour, has been fiuce re-
der.}
moved
 A I S ALA ALA
moved by Mr. Hawkfbee The abbey is by no means fo magnificent as one Yet I'll not died her blood,
; who, by hers than (how,
would expect from its endowments. The church Nor fear that whiter fkin of
adding a fecond barrel and piflon, to is one And fmooth as monumental afatajfer. Stalefp*
rile as the other fell, and fall as it rofe, huge net, with a double aijlc to it ; and, it
each end, is a large quite. jjddifcn. A'LABASTER. adj. Made of alabailer.
made the prefTure of the atmofphere on 1 cannot forbear mentk.nir.g part of an alvbefer
the descending one, of as much lervice
AIT, or EYGHT. n.f. [fuppofed, by
column, found in-the ruins of Li via" t portico. It
as it was of diflervice in the afcending Skinner, to be corrupted from ifiet-~\
A is of the colour of fire, and may be (een over
the

one. Vream made a firther

fmall ifland in a river. high altar of St. M
atia in Campi tello ; for they have
improve- An ad- cut it into two pieces, and fixed it, in the (nape
ment, by reducing the alternate motion AJUTAGE, n.f. [ajutage, Fr.]
of a cnl's, in a hole of the wall ; fo that theiight
ditional pipe to water-works. Di3.
of the hand and winch to a circular paffing through it,
makes it look, to thole in tha
one. Ckp.micrs. fo ARE. *u.
[from %-, Gr. and
M. church, like a huge tranfparent crofs of
amber.
Tf
The air that, in rxhaufted receivers of therefore more grammatically written Addifrn on a(y*
tiirj.u;r.[!,
is exhaled from minerals, and fl:ih, and fruits,
acbe.~\ ALA'CK. inttrjcll. [This
word feems only
and liquors, is as true and genuine as to eUir.cic
i. To feel a lafting pain, generally of the the corruption of alas.] Alas; an ex-
and dcnlity, or raie-'aftion, as that we refpire in ;
and yet this factitious air is fo far fr. being fit t m internal pirts ; diltinguiilied from fmart, preffion of forrow.
be breathed in, that it kills animals in a moment, which is commonly uied of uneafinefs in Alack I when once our grace we have forgot,
right ; we would, and we would
not.
even footer than the abfence of air, or a vacuum the external parts but this is no accu- Nothing goes
;
itfelf. Skakej'f...Meafure for Miajurl,
Btnt'.cy. rate account. At thunder now no more 1 ftart,
A'IRSHAPT. n.f. [from air and Jbafi.'} To fue, and be deny'd, fuch common grace, Than at the rumbling of a cart :

A patfage for the air into mines and My wounds ale at Sialjpiare. N.ty, what incredible, alackl
's

fubterrancous places. Let our finger akc, and it endues I hardly hear a woman's clack. S-ai'ift*
the finking uf an the air ha'h 1'- Our other hjakhful membeis with a ferle
By airjbaft,
Of pain. ALA'CKADAY. inttrjetlion. [This, like
to circuUce, and carry ou; the ffeams both ot Sbattfftart.
the miners b cath and the damps, which w^uld Wciethe pleafure of drinking accompjn '<:-., :iv. the former, is for alas the Jay.] A word
ife ftagnate there. Ray. very moment, with that fr k (tcmach and akir:g noting forrow and melancholy.
heal, which, in f^mc men, are fure to f How, 1 AL A'CRIOUSLY. adv. [from alacriour,
A'iRY. adj. [from air ; circus, Lat.]
think no body would ever let wine touch his lips.
but
I. Compoied of air. Licit. fuppofed to be formed from alacris ;
The fiiil i- thi tranfmiffion, or errifli:>n,of the His limbs muft att, with daily toils opprelr, of alacricus I have found no example.]
thinner and mare airy parts of bod>s j as, in Ere long-wiih'd night brings ncceflary reft. Prior. Cheerfully ; without dejeftion.
odours and infections : and this is, of all the reft,
Epaminondas alacriovjly expired, in confidence
the moft corporeal. Bacon
z. It is
frequently applied, in an impro- that he left behind him a perpetual memory of the
z. Relating to the air; belonging to the per fenfe, to the heart ; as, the heart victories he had achieved f r his country.
air.
akei ; to imply grief or fear, fbake- Govirnmir.t of tic Tongue,
There are fifties that have wings, that are no ffeare has uled it, ftill more licentioufly, ALA'CRITV. Cheer-
n.f. [alacritas, Lat.]
ftrangers to the airy rejj >n. of the foul.
fulnefs, exprefled by fome outward to-
Boytt.
3. High in air. My foul tlet
Wuole rivers he e forfake the fields below, To kn.",w, when
aurhorities are up,
t-.vo
ken ; fprightlinefs ; gayety ; livelinefs ;
Neither fupreme, how foon confufi n cheerful willingnefs.
, And, wond'nrg a: their height, through a.ry chan-
nel? .w. M^y enter. Skaiffp* Ctriolartus.
Theft orders wsie, on all fides, yielded unto
fl
Mdfin.
Here (hame dilTuades him, theiehis tear prevails, with no lei's alacrity of mind, than cities, unable
4. O,-en to the free air. to hold out any longer, are wont to (hew when t!v j
And each, by turns, his akirg heart affails.
Joy'd to rarge abroad in frrfli attire take conditions, fuch is it liketh him to offer
the wide cornpafs of the t.ry coaft. Sptnf;r. Add^n.
AKI'N. them, which hath them in the narrow ftraits of
5. Light as air ; thin ; unfubftantul ; adj. [from a and .'] H^ker,
advantage.,
without folidity.
1. Related to; allied by blood: ufed of Gie me a bowl of wine ;
I hold ambition of fo
airy and light a quality, perfons. I have not that alacrity of fpirit,
that it is but a (liadow'i (naaow. Statc/f. Hamltt. 1 do not envy thre, Pamela} only I wi/h, that Nor cheer of mind, that I was wont to have.
Slill may the dog the w nftrain
being thy fiftcr in nature, 1 were not fo far off ak:n Sbatefftart,
Of airy ghof.s, and vex the guilty train. DryJ^n. in fortune. H?, gl.-d th.it now his fea mould find a fiiore,
Sidney.
6. Wanting reality ; having no Heady- 2. Allied to by nature ; partaking of the With frefli
alacrity,
and force renew'd,
foundation in truth or Springs upward. Milton's Paradife Lojlt
nature ; vain ; fame properties ufed of things. :
Never did men more joyfully obey,
trifling. The cankered pafiion of envy is nothing atirt to
Or I'.ionrr underftord the fign to Hy :

Nor think with wind the fiiij'envy of the afs. L'Eflrar.gt'i 1'allts. With fuch alacrity they bore away,
Of airy threats to aw^, wh >m yrt with deeds Some limbs J^ 'in in bulk or Itature
As if, to praile them, all the dates (tood by.
Thoy Miittr'i Parjjifc Lrf. Unlike, and not akin by nature,
li corcert aS, like modern nien-s, Dry-Jen.
fuch meannefi) Ibaring high,
i

With empty found, and airy notions, fly. Becaufe one ferves the other's ends. Prior. ALAMl'RE. note but
n. f. The lovveft

Rcfcfminvn.
He ffparates it from queilionswith which it may one in Guido Aretine's fcalc of mufick.
I have found a complaint concerning the lc,i c! r
-,
have been complicated, and diftir.gu. flies it from ALAMO'DE. adv. [ la mode, Fr.] Ac-
of money, which nccafijne.1 many airy yr-tr-ofuions q'jeilions which may be akin to it.
cording to the fafhion a low word. It :
for th- rr.ne Jy of it. s
Mifcellanlfs.
Horn's Improvement (>f
ibe Mind.
Tftrjilt
is ufed likewife by fhopkeepers for a kind
7. Fluttering; loofe ; as if to catch the AL, ATTLE, ADI.E, do all fecm to be
of thin filken manufacture.
air ; full 01 levity. corruptions of the Saxon JL'-^\, noble,
The draw ALA'ND. adv. [from a for at, and land.~\
i.iii.ters their nymphs in thin and
famous ; as allb, Ailing and Aulmg, are
tiry h.bi.i; but the weight r>f gold and of embroi- At land landed; on the- dry ground.
corruptions of ^tpelinj. noble, jfleadid,
;

der'rs ]', reiencJ (it queens and g"/djfTc!.

Dryciin. I c "nly, with the prince his c 'Ulin, wen- call
By this na^ne '-f lad.cs, he m~ans all famous. aliiiui, far i.ff from the place whither their <1 lires
finely fhaped, airy, and i Al, AU, being initials, are derived would have guided them*. Si:infy,
fuch as ate rymp!.s n 1 NaVids. from the Saxon Kalb, ancient ; and fo, Three more fierce Eurus, in his ant*ry mood,
of mirth ; viva- D:ifh'd on the lhallows of the m ving fand,
8. Gay ; fprightly ; full oftentimes, the initial all, being melted
And, in mid ocean, left them moor'd aland.
light of heait.
cious ; lively; Ipirited ;
by the Normans from the Saxon <talb. Dryden.
HP tr it is
merry and airy at rtr ic when he lees
G>bj(,ns Camden.
a fid tempeil on the lea, or dances when < :

A'LABASTER. n.f. A kind

ALA'RM. n.f. [from the French a I'arine,
.ds not when G -d [aXafar(o>.] t ) arms as, crier a I'arme, to call to
;
fpeaks t. a ;h- I
Taylor. of marble, ealier to cut, and lefs
foft
AISI E. n. f. the word is written by durable, than the other kinds ; fome is arms.]
[Thus A men fummoned
but perhaps improperly
, iince ; white, which is moll common ; fome of
l. cry by which are to

it feems dcducilne the colour of horn, and tranlpa-ent ;

theirarms; as, at the approach of an
only Irom, either aile,
a wing, or alter, a path, and is there- fome yellow, like honey, marked with enemy.
When the congregation is to be gathered toge-
fore to be written at/e.] The walks in veins. The ancients ufed it to make ther, (ball bluw, but you ihall not found an
you
a church, or wings of a (juire. boxes for perfumes. Savary. alarm Humbert
God
 Al, A A L C A L C
r, >ihimfelf is with n> for our csptain, and h i Aim both for the deed, and for the caufc
! ! . adv. [from alcly.
fridf with founding trumpets, to cry alarm Milter..
meal.} manner of an alchymiit;
In the
gainft you. 2 Ciron. xiii. iz. dlai for pity nf this
!
bloody field 5
The trumpets loud clangour Piteous indeed mufi be, when I, a fjiii', by means cf akhy my.
Excites us to arms, Can h.ivc tj fort a fenfe of human its. w Raymond Luliy would prove \taktyjr.ically.
Drytlia. Cumdtn,
With thrill notes of anger,
ALAS THE DAY. Ah, unhappy
And mortal alarms. Dr*il.-r.. intcrjeB. A'LCHTMIST. n.f. [from alchymy.} One
Taught by this llroke, renounce the wars alarms, day !
who purfues or profefTes the i'cience of
And learn to trembit at the name of arms. Al~> tti Jay ! I never gave him caufe. Stalnff.
.
Alas a day ! you have ruined my poor ni alchymy.
'I " lulemnize this
day, the glorious fun
*. A
cry, or notice, of any danger ap- y-m hive made a pap in her reputation; and cnn
Stays in his c urfe, and plays the A-
you blame her, if {hi make it
up with her hufbar.d
>

proaching ; as, an r.larm of fire. 'i'urning, with fplenduur of his precious eye,
Congrevt.
3. Any tumult or difturbance. The meagre cloJdy earth to glittering gold.
Crowds of rivals, for thy mother's charms, AT. AS THE WHILE. inttrjeH. Ah! un-
Staltiff. Kmg yd*.
Thy palace fill with infuitj and a'.arf.-. ;>y time ! Every alcbymift knows, that gold will cnduie
All as :hc (licep, fuch was the (hcphcrd's look a vehement fire f< r a long time witho t
Pofc't ; any
!c and wan he was change ; and after if has been divided by corr.fr. s
"fa ALA'R w. [from alarm, the noun.]
<v. a. (a'.ai tbt -while!)
May teem he lov'J, or else fome care he tfolc. liquors into inviftble p.\rts, yet may prefently be
J. To call to arms.
Sftnftr. precipitated, fo as to appear in it* o..n form.
i. To dillurb ; as, with the approach of Grew.
late.] Lately;
ALA'TE. adv. [from a and
an enemy.
no long time ago. A'LCHYMY. n.f. [of a!, Arab, and
The wafp the hivo alarms
With louder hums, and with unequal aims. ALB. n.f. [album, Lat.] A furplice ; a .

white linen vellment worn by priefts. 1. The more fublime and occult part of

3. To furprife with the apprchenfion of ALBE. laifo. [a coalition of the words chymiltry, which propofes for its object
the tranfmutation of metals, and other
any danger. ALBE'IT. j all be it fo. Skinner.} Al-
When rage mifguides me, or when fear alarm!, important operations.
When though ; notwithltauding ; though it There' more dangerous than ;(m
pain diftreffes, or when pleafure charms.
is nothing
fhould be. which changeth the meaning of
Tickill. deluding art,
Ne woi/d he fuffer fleep nnce thitherward
To
diftarb in general. v/.jids, as o/i/jwy doth, or would do, the IUD-
4.
Approach, aibt his drowfy 4en was next. Spcnfcr. ftance of metals maketh of any thing what it
His fun, Cup.iv i, brufli d the briny flood j This very thing is caufe furficient, why duties
;

lifteth, and bringeth, in the end, all truth to no-.

.
Upon his ftern a brawny Centaur itood, belonging to each kind or virtue, ailt'-.t the law of
Who hcjv'd a rock, and threat'ning ftill to throw, thing.
With lifted hands, alarm'd the feas below. DryJin.
reafjn teach them, ih.vjld, notwithftandirg, be O he fits high in all the people's hearts;

prefcrib^d even by human law. Ilwker. And that which would appecrr offence in ui,
ALA'RMBELL. n.f. [from alarm and tell.'} One whofe eyes, His countenance, like richtfr. alcbymy,
The bell that is rung at the approach of Albeit unufed to the melting mood, Will change to virtue and to wortliinefs.
an enemy. tears, as faft as the Arabian trees
Drop
Their medicinal gum.
Sbakeff. yalias Cxfir.
Th" alarm/>ell rings from our Alhambra wall, Statteffeare. Compared to this,
And, from the ftreets, found drums and auballes. He, who has a probable belief that he (hall All honour's mimick, all wealth alclymy.
meet with thieves in fuch a road, thinks himf.'ll Donne*
Dryden.
Al. A'R MING, particip, adj. [from alarm.'}
to have reafon
to fuftain
enough to decline it, albeit
fome lefs, though yet considerable,
he is fure
in-
2. A kind of mixed metal ufed for fpoons,

Terrifying ; awakening ; furprifing ; convenience by his fo doing. Sojib's Serimrs.

and kitchen utenfils.
as, an alarming mefiage an alarming White aicbynty is made of pan-brafs one pound,
;
ALBUGI'NEOUS. adj. [albugo, Lat.] Re- and arfenicum chrec ounces ; or alclymy is made
pain.
fembling the white of an egg. of copper and auripigmentum.
ALA'RMPOST. n.f. [from alarm and poft.~\ lijgs will fieeze in the Baccn't Ptj/iia! RtKalxs*
altugiram part thereof.
The poft or place appointed to each body Brwan's fulgar Erroun. bid cry, They
of men to appear at, when an alarm I opened it by incifion, giving vent firft to an With trumpets regal found, the great refult:
(hall albugintous, then to white concocted matter: upon Tow'rds the four winds, four fpeedy cherubim*
happen. which the tumour funk. Put to their mtmths the founding aJcbymy,
ALA'RUM. ffifeman's Surgrry,
n.f. [corrupted, as it feems,
from alarm. See ALBUGO, [Lat.] difeafe in the
n.f. A By herald's voice exf.-lain'd. Mhttr.'! ParjJife
L'Jl
ALARM.] A'LCOHOL. n. / An Arabick term
Noware ourbrows bound with victorious wreaths, eye, by which the cornea contrails a
ufcd by chymifts for a high rciflified
Our bruifed arms hung up for monuments, whitenefs. The fame with leucoma.
Our ftern alarums chang'd to merry meetingj. A'LBURN COLOUR, n.f. See AUBURN. dephlegmated fpirit of wine, or for any
Staktffcart. A'LCAHEST. n.f. An Arabick word, to thing reduced into an impalpable pow-
;
Almatro might better bear, der. Quincy.
She fcts a drum at either ear ;
exprefs an univerfal diflblvent, pretend- If the fame be reduced into <j/r?s/,
fj't (hall
And loud or gentle, harlh or fwect, ed to by Paracelfus and Helmont. as thech;m:!r fpcak, or an impalpable powder,
Are but th* alarums which th: ; .
Prior. the particles a, id intercepted fpacci will be ex-
To ALA'RUM. v. a.
[corrupted from Te ALCA'ID. n. f.
[from al, Arab. ai.J tremely lirffened. B-yle*
alarm.] See ALARM. TpTp, the head.]
Sal volatile oleofum will coagulate the feruni on
Withered murder account ui tlie alabtl, or rectified fpirit which it
i. In Barbary, the governour of a caille.
contains. Arbutbsyt*
( Alarum d by his fentinel the wrlf, Th' alcaid
Whofe howl's his watch) thus with his Healthy pace Shuns me, and, with a grim civility, ALCOHOLIZA'TION. n. /. [from alcobo-
Moves like a glioft. The act of
Sbalcfpean. Bows, and declines my walks..
, Dryden. ///.] alcoholizing or rec-
ALA'S. interjeQ. [helas, Fr. tylaes, Dutch.] z. In Spain, the judge of a or of reducing bodies
city, firft tifying fpirits ;
i . A word expreffing lamentation, when Du Can c. an impalpable powder.
to
by the Saracens.
inltituted
we ufe it of ourfelves.
ALCANNA, n. f. An Egyptian Ta A'LCOHOLIZE. v. a. [from alcoht>l.~\
But yet, alat! O but yet, aim ! our haps be but
ufed in dying the leaves making a i. To make an alcohol ; that is, to rec-
;
hard haps.
Sidney. are wholly dephleg-
sJliis,from the grave we claim
h >w little ! yellow, infufed in water, and a red in tify fpirits till they
*Thou but preferv'fl a form, and 1 a name. Pope. acid liquors. mated.
2. A
word of pity, when ufed of other per- The root ui nUanna, though grei-n, will give a red 2. To comminute powder till it is
wholly
fons. fr.iin. Br(,ivi:*s l/u.'ljr Errcart. without roughnefs.
jlkt! poor Protheus, thou haft entertain' d AI.CH Y'MICA L. adj. [from akb*;my."\ Re- A'HORAN. n. f, [al and kcrau, Arab.]
A fox to be the (hepherd of thy lambs. to The book oi the Mahometan
Sbaktfp. lating akhymy ; produced by al- precepts,
3. A wftrd of forrow and concern, when and crcdenda.
chymy.
ufed of things. '1 he rofc-n->ble, then current for fix (hilling- It this would fatisfy the confcience, we n
Thus faith the Lord God, Smite with thine and eight pence, the alchymifts d,i alh.. not only take the p v efent covens-it, but - i
;

hri(t,,and Ca-np with thy foot, and fay, Alas! unwritT'.-n (fl n ;dr- by pr ;r to the- cojnul of Trent; yea, and the m i

/vr all UK evil abominatloai of die jioulc of lira. i. \iil uf Ka^nionJ Lully in tin- ar.J i'.vc.lr to m3'iKa>n and J*J>:
-. .';
;

tower ol London. Lamdct:'i Rmair.s. of them* Smukr/tit 0fain/}

tbe Gai
ALCO'VS.
 ALE ALE ALE
ALCO'VE. n.f. [alcota, Span.] A re~cefs, hot water, and then fermenting the 1 Ti-.sc flull each aliliouje, thec each gilHioufe-

or part of a chamber, feparated by an mourn,

quor. And
You mull be feeing chriftenlngs. Do anf.v'ring ginfliops fourcr fighs return. Pofc.
eftrade, or partition, and other corre- you loo
for ale and cakes here, you rude rafcals ? A'LEHOUSE-KEEPER. n. f. [from ale-
fpondenc ornaments in which is placed ;

a bed of Hate, and fometimes feats to Siultfptan's Henry VII koufe and keeper.] He that keeps ale-
The fertility
of the
in grain, and its beir
foil
to fell.
entertain company. Treiioux, not proper for vines, put th? Egyptians upon diink
publkkly
Vou referable perfectly the tvs> aL-'eouJe-tcefifs
The weary'd champion lull'd in foft alcoves, ing alt, of which they were the inventors. in Holland, who were at the fame time
The n blf:!t boaft of thy rom^pt'ck groves. burgo-
mafters of the town, and taxed one another's bill'.;
Oft, if the muff preface, thai) tie be feen , A merry-meeting ufed in countr
alternately. Later to
By Rol'am nda fitting o'er the green, Sm'tft.
Jn dreams be haU'd by heroes' mighty (hades, places. A'L E K N G H T i . .
/. [from ale and knight. ]
And the neighbourhood, from old records
A .d hear old Ci.aucer warble through the glades.
Of antick
all
A pot- companion ; a tippler; a word,
proverbs drawn from Whirfon lords,
Ttckeli.
And wakes and a!es,
their authorities *t now out of ufe.
Deep ahvue the prince was laid,
in a rich
The old alc!i.,i%hts of England were well de-
And fiept beneath the pompous co!on:*aJe. With country precedents, and uld wives tales,
We bri ng you now. Be n 'Joxfa painted by Hanville, in the alehoufe-colours- of
Pope's OJyfy. thar time. Camdin.
A'LDE R. n. f. [alma, Lat.] A A'LEBERRY. n. f. [from ah and berry.
tree hav-
A ALE'MBICK. n.f. A
veffel ufed in diftil-
ing leaves reiembling thofe of the ha- beverage made by boi'.ing ale wit
ling, confiding of a veriel placed over
fpice and fugar, and fops of bread :
.

zel male flowers, or karkins, are

; the a fire, in which is contained the fu'o-
word now only ufed in conversation.
produced at remote diitances from the ftance to be and a concave-
diftilled,
Their aliterries, cawdles, porTets, each one,
fruit, on the fame tree ; the fruit is which the fumes
Syllibubs made at the
milking pale, clofely fitted on, into
fquamofe, and of a conical figure. The But what are cornpofed of a pot of good ale. arife by the heat ; this cover has a beak
fpecies are, The common cr round-
i. Beaumont or fpout, into which the
vapours rile,
leaved alder. 2. The long-leaved alder. A'LE-BREWER. n.f. [from ah and brew and by which they pafs into a ferpen-
3. The fcarlet aider. Thefe trees de- er.~\
One that profefles to brew ale. tine pipe, which is kept cool by
The fummer-made maifbrews ill, and is dif making
light in a very moitt foil. The wood is many convolutions in a tub of water;
liked by moft of our ale-brrwcrs
ufed by turners, and will endure here the vapours are- condenfed, and
long
under ground, or in water. MJler. what entered the pipe
A'I.ECOKNER. n.f. [from ale and con. in. fumes, comes
W hour the gior, a various fylvan fcene
An of London, whofe
officer in the city out in drops.
Appear'd around, a-.d groves of living green ;
bulinefs is to infpeft the rr.eafures o Though water may be rarefied into invifible
Poplars and ald,n e er quivering play'd, valours, yet it is not changed into hut only
air,
And nodding cjprefs form'ii a fragrant (hade. publtck houfes. Four of them are cho Scattered into minute which meeting toge-
parts ;
Poll's Odyffy. fen or rechofen annually by the com- ther in the alcmbicl, or in the receiver, do
pre-
ALDERLI'EVEST. adj.fuferl. [from aid, mon-hall of the city ; and, whatever ferrtly return into fuch water as they conftituteJ
before.
abler, old, eider, and lieve, dear, be- might be their ufe formerly, their places Eyle.
loved.] Moll beloved which has held ;
are now regarded only aa finecores for ALE'NGTH. [from a for at, artd>
ad<v.
the longeft pofleffion of the heart.
decayed citizens. length.] At full length; along ; ftretched
The mutual conference that my mind hath had, A'LECOST. along the ground.
In courtly company, or at my beads,
n.f. [perhaps from ale, and
With you, mine aljcrlleveft fovereign, coftus, Lat.] The name of an herb. ALE'RT. adj, \alerte, Er. perhaps from
Makes me the bolder. VI. p. Dia. alacrti, but probably from a I'art, ac-
Sbattfp. H<my ii.

A'LDERMAN. ALE'CTRYOMANCY, -or AI.E'CTORO- cording to art or rule.]

n. f. [from aid, old, and In the military fenfe, on guard ; watch-
MANCY. n. f. \a,\iput and .

man.] ful ; vigilant ^ ready at a call.

Divination by a eock.
1. The fame as fenator, CmuM. A go- In the common fenfe, briik ; pert ;
A'I-EGAR. [from ale and eager,
n. f. .

pe-
vernour or magiftrate, originally, as tulant ; fmart ; implying forne
four.] Sour ale a kind of acid made
; degree
the name imports, chofen on account of cenfure and contempt.
by ale, as vinegar by wine, which has
of the experience which his age had gi- lod its fpirit. I faiv an a/en
young fellow, that cocked his
ven him. hat upon a friend of his, and accofted him,
A'Lrr. ER. adj. \_allegrt, Fr. alacrit, Lat.]
Tell him, myfeif, the Well, Jack,, the olJ prig is dead at lift.
mayor, and alJtrmin,
Are come to have fame confrence with his trace. Gay chearful ; ; fprightly : a word not Add'tjan, SpcHatar.
Sbakrjpcare.
now ufed. ALE'RTNESJ. The
n.f. [from alert.]
Though mv own aljermn conferr'd :n_ Coffee, the roct and lenf hetle, and leaf tobacco.
To me committing their eternal praife of which the Turks are great takers, d.i all con- quality of being alert ; fprightlinefs ;
;
Their f:i!l-fc,l heroes, their dcnfc the Ipirits, ar.J make them ftrong and ah. pertrtefs.
pacifiVlc miy'rs,
Their annual trophies, and their monthly wars. K er ' ttacon'i Natural That aJcrtnifs and unconcern for matters of
Hiftory.
A'LE HOOF. common life, a campaign or two would
Pope's Dunciad. n. f. [from alt and hoopb, infallibly
2. In the following
have^ive:i Mm. MJifa, Sfcfiarcr.
-

paffage it is, I think, head.] Groundivy, fo called by our

Saxon A'I.ETASTER. n.f. [from ale and tajler.]
improperly ufed. anceftors, as being their chief in-
But if the
An herb. An officer
appointed in every court leer,,
t.umjiet's clangour you abhor, gredient in ale.
And dare not be an alderman of war, or groundivy,
and fwornto look to the affize and the
Jttebvtf, is, in
my opinion, of
Take to a Diop, behind a counter lie. the moft excellent and moft
genera! ufe and vir- goodnefs of bread and ale, or beer,
DryJ. Juiit Sat. tue, of any plants we have among us.
Tanfle. within the precin&s of that lordfhip.
A'L DTP. MANLY, adv. [from A'I.EHOUSE. n. f. [from ale and hcufe,]
aldcrtnua.]
Like an alderman ; A honfe where ale is publickly fold ;
belonging to an L'LEVAT. n.f. [from ah and <vat.] The-
alderman. a tipling-houf". It is diftinguilhcd from tub in which the ale is fermented.
Tlief-, and many more, fuflfered death, in envy
a tavern, wiicre fell wine. <V'LEW. n.f. Clamour; Not in.,
to th?:r virtues and
fuperiour genius, which em-
they outcry.
bo. Jencd in exigencies
Th . :
:ous inn, ufe.
'

them, (wanting an aldtr- Spenfer.

manly dif.-reti.jn) to attempt fervice out of the
Why (hould h;d-fav u.-'d g.-isr' Mg'd in, thcc,
!>
'LEWASHED. adj. [from ale and wajh.]
T>n I-,.rms. .When triumph is become an
eleboufe gueft ?
Swift's MifecL'jaM. Steeped or foaked in ale : not now in-
Shukefpeart
A'L i) E UN. adj. [from alder.] Made of One would think it (hould be nn eafy matter to ufe.
alder. bring with an ale.bf>itfc\
(*>nfc in love What a beard of the general's cut, and a horrid

at-'tm boats indeed of f> much fenfe as feeing and Ir fuit of the camp, will do am >ng funraing batdes
firft
plow'd the ocran.
.

aimu 't to j there bcin^ fuch ftron^ encounters of and alewapicd wits, is woudcrtul to tfcc 1> ;

Afjv'j fiirii.
bo' i, as wauld on-
ALR. qu ckly lend him packing, did not
;

Stakclf.caj-1..
n.f. [eale, Sax.]
A
th- -ovr of
good fellowfliip reconcile to thefe ^'LEWIFE. n.f. [from ah and wife'.] A-
i.
liquor made by infufing malt in South. woman that keeps an alchonfe.
9
Perhaps
 A LG A L I A L I

Newton brought art to In whomfoever theft thing are, the church

ill
fwagger and heflor, and th'ea'.en Sir Ifaac th'u
doth acknowledge them for her childrm ; them
to ben and
butcher an al;iu'.f<, or take the goods the height at which it ftill continues.
only (he holdcch for alum and (tranters in whom
by force, and throw them down the bad halfpence. Trrvoux. Chambers. thcfc thingt are not found. Hester,
Lelttrt.
Stvift'i Drjfer's
would furely require no very profound (kill in
It If it be prov'd againft an alien,
A'i.EXANDERS. n.f. [fmj/rnium, Lat.] elytra, to reduce the difference of ninepence
in He fecks the life of any citizen,
The name of a plant. thirty (hillings. Swift. The party, 'gainft the which he doth contrive,
A'LEXANDER'S-FOOT. n.f. The name ALCEBRA',C,C. 1 , , Shall feize on half his goods.
f
J L algtbra .] Sbaktff. JUenl: if ftai.e,
of an herb. ALGEBRA ICAL. J The mere Iriih were not only accounted a/ietts,
ALEXA'NDRIKE. n.f. kind of verfe A i .
Relating to algebra ; as, an algebraical but enemies, fo as it was no capital offence to kill
borrowed from the French, firft ufed in treatife. them. Sir John Dai'iet on Ireland*

poem called Alexander. They confcft, 2. Containing operations of algebra ; as, Thy place in council thou halt rudely loft,
the French, of twelve and thir- Which by thy younger brother is
fupply'd,
among an algebraical computation.
And art almoft an alien to the heart!
teen fyllables, in alternate couplets ;
ALGEBRA'IST. n.f. [from algebra.} A Of all the court and princei of my blo?d.
and, among us, of twelve. the
Our numbers fhoulu, for the moft part, be
perfon that underilands or pra&ifes Sbckiftt.trr.
Thelawgiver cjndemned the perfon,, WB l.tt '

For variety, or rather where the majefty

fcience of algebra.
lyrical. idle in divifnns dangerous to the government, ai
Of thought requites it, they may be ftrrtthed to When any dead body found in England, is
ali'ns to the community, and therefore tu br cut
the Emjliili heroic of five feet, and to the French no algebraifl or unciphe/er can ufe more fubtlc
off from it. Aldijin, Freeholder.
fuppofitions, to find the
demonftration or cipher,
jtlactnirim of fix. Drydcr.. 2. In law.
than every unconcerned perfon doth to find the
Then, at the lad and only couplet, fi aught An alien is one born in a ftrange country, and
With fome unmeaning call a murderers. Gr JUKI'S Bills cf Mortality.
A nccdlefs
thing they
A^xan^r.ne ends die fong,
thought,
Confining themfelves to the fynthetitk and
ana- never enfranchifed. A mm
bnrn out o!' the land,
and algebraifs, fn it be within the limits beyond die fcas, or of
like a wounded fnake, drags flow length lytick methods of geometricians
That, its
they have too much narrowed the rules of method, Englilh parents out of the ktng'i obedience, h
along. Pope's Ejjay in Criiicijm. the pare.us, at the time of the birth, be of the
as though every thing were to be treated in marhe-
ALEXIPHA'RMICK. adj. [from XI|EV and irutical forms. ffatts's L:^iet- king's obedience, is not alien. If one, born out

That which drives of the king's aikgia-icc, cume and dwell in Eng-
fa^axox.] away A'LGID.M'. [a/?/V<w,Lat.] Cold; chill.
land, h s children
;

(if he be,;et any here) are not

oifon ; antidotal ; that which oppofes Dia. aiiens, but denifons. C.-.-cell.

ALCI'DITY. In./, [from algid.] Chil- ToA'nEN. i>. a. \_aliencr, Fr. aliena, Lat.]
Some
antidotal quality it may have, fince not
A'LCIDNESS. j nefs ; cold. Dicl. 1. To make any thing the property of an-
only the bone in the heart, but the horn of
a deer
is Brown's Vulgar Ernurs. [from algor, Lat.]
.
adj.
That other.
a'.exifbarmick.
which produces cold. Di3. If the fonaficn l.mds, and then repurchaf: them
,or ALEXITE'RICK.^'. in fee, the rules of defcents are to be ob-
jfLGOR. Extreme cold; again
[from aAi^i'i).] That which drives away n.f. [Lat.] ferved, as if he W're the o;icinal purchafer.
which refills fevers.
that chilnefs. DiB. Hale* I Hijlory of Cwr. Li:ltr.
poifon ;

A'LGATES. adv. [ from all and gate. Siin- A'I.GORISM. 7 " Arabick words, 2. to turn the mind or affec-
/: Toeftrange;
jter. Gate is the fame as <via and ftill ; A'LGORITHM.} which are ufed to im- tion to make averfe : with from.
;

ufed for<u'<y in the Scottifh dialeil.] On ply the fix operations of arithmetick, or The king was dilquicteJ, when he found that
the fcience of numbers. Di3. the prince was totally alur.td frtjr. all
any terms ; every way : now obfo-
thoughts of,
or inclination to, C'ai
1-te. ALGO'SE. adj. [from algor, Lat.] Ex- t'ie marriage.

Nor hiri th" boad.T ever rifen more, Dil. A' i.EN ABLE. adj. [from To alienate.]
I
tremely cold ; chill.
Eut thit Rcnaldo's horfc ev'n then down fell, A'LIAS. adv. A
Latin word,' fignify ing That of which the property may be
And with the f.iH his leg opp/e(Vd fo fjvc,
ot transferred.
muft he dwell. otbenuijf ; often ufed in the trials
'1 iut, fjr a fpace, there aigatis Land is alieitatle, and trcafure is tranfitory, and
criminals, whofe danger has obliged both muft pafs from him, by his own voluntary
Fairfax.
A'LGEERA. them change their names
to as, Sim-
[an Arabic word of
n.f.
;
aft, or by the violence of others, or at leaft b

uncertainetymology ; derived, by fome, fon, alias Smith^,c/w Baker that is, ; Dinrit's Letters.

from Gcbcr the philctbpher ; by fome, otherwife Smith, etbcru-ije Baker. .To A' IE NATE. ii. a. [a!iener,PT. I. alitita,
from grfr, parchment by others, from
A'LIBLE. atij. Lat.] Nutritive;
[alililis,
; Lat.]
or that which may be nou- To
lgehijla, a bonefetter ; by Menage, from nouriihing transfer the property of
; 1. any thing
rifhed. Dia.
filgiabarat, the restitution of things bro- to another.
ken. ]
A peculiar kind of arithmetick, A'LIEN. adj. [alienus, Lat.] Thecountries of the Tu: ks were once OhrifV.in,
and members of the church, and where the golden
which takes the quantity fought, whe- 1. Foreign, or not of the fame family or candk-fticks did fund, tin, ugh now they be utterly
ther it be a number or a line, or any land.
and no Chriftians . Bacon.
a'irnateri, I .

other quantity, as if it were granted, The mither plant admires ths leaves unknown
Of alien trees, and apples not her own. 2. To withdraw the heart or affe&ions-:
and, by means of one or more quanti- Dryden.
From native fill with the panicle from, where the firfl
ties given, proceeds by confequence, I'.xil'd ton from the tender'embrace is mentioned.
by fate, pofleilbr
till the quantity at firft only fuppofcd to Of his young guiltlefs progeny, he fecks The manner of men's writing muft not al'mttt
be known, or fome power there-
at leaft In^l rious (hclter in an alien land. Flil'.fs. our hcarty/-w the truth.
of, is found to be equal to fome quantity Be it never fo true w hich we teach the world to
2. Eftranged from ; not allied to ; ad-
or quantities which are known, and con- verfe to: with the particle from, and , yet it" once their affections b-gin to be
alienated, a fmall thing pcifuadeth them to change
fcquently itfelf is known. This art was fometimes to, but improperly. their opinions. Ht*eker
in among the Arabs, long before
ufe To declare my mind to the difciples of the His eyes furvey'd the dark idolatries
it came into this part of the world ; and fire, by a fimilitude not alien from their profeflion. Of alienated Judah. Milton 't Paradfi Ltfl.

they are fuppofed to have borrowed it

Byte. Any thing that is apt to difturb the w^rlj, and
The fcntimrnt that a'ifes, is a conviction of to alienate the affections of mtn frcm one another,
from the Perfians, and the Perfians from the deplorable ftate of nature, to which fin re- fuch a. crofs and diiUfleful hurujurs, is either e-
the Indians. The firft Greek author of duced us ; a \ve.ik, ignorant creature, alien frvtj
prcMy, or by clca; conference and deduction, lor-
was Diophantus, who, about the God and goodnefs, and a prey to the great de- b.dden in tlic New TefUment. Tillvtfc*.
algebra,
ftnr. er, Rugtr^s Sermons. Her mind was quite alienated frotti the honcft
-

year 800, wrote thirteen books. In

perfons and principles, alien
They encouraged C.ilrilian, whom (he was t.iu^lit to look upon as a
1494, Lucas Pacciolus, or Lucas de- firm our religion and government, in order to formal old fellow. ;-!

Bargos, a cordelier, printed a treatife (trengthcn their faction. S^cift's Mifcellanies. A'LIENATE. adj. [aliena/us, Lat.]
With-
of algebra, in Italian, at Venice. He A'LIEN. n.f. [alienus, Lat.] drawn from; ftrangerto: with the par-
fays, that algebra came originally from I. A foreigner; not a denifon ; a man ticle f,r.m.
the Arabs. After feveral improvements of another country or family one not The Whigs
; are damnably wicked ; impatient
by Victa, Oaghtred, Harriot, Defcartes, allied j a ftranger. for the death of the qu.cen j ready to gratify their
ambitio*
 A L I A L I A I, K
roliition ar.d revenge by all defperate methods; 2. It is ufed alfo of any thing thrown or ALIMENT A'TION. n.f. [from aliment.']
wholly alienate fr.m truth, law, religion, mercy, falling to fall upon.
; I. The power of affording aliment; the
conference, or honour. Sivift's Mifcellanics. But Itorms of ltoi.es from the proud temple'*
quality of nourishing.
ALIEN A'TIOX. n.f. [alienaiio, Lat.] ...t
:. The ftate of being nourifhed by afTimi-
k The aft of transferring property. Pour down, and on our batter'd helms a!iglt.
huion of matter received.
This ordinance was tor the maintenance of their Dryden. Pi.ir.ts do nouiilh ; inanimate bodies do not: they
lands in ind for excluding all inao- At I'KE. and With
ad--j.
[iVnra a
:'.:
like.'] have an accretion, but no a/imcntuthi:.
ftrangers. M refemblance without difference in the Bjcon's Natural //i/vry.
; ;
State of Ireland
Sftoftr's
fame manner ; in the fame form. In ALIMO'NIOUS. adj. [from alima>y.~\ That
God put it into the heart ol one of our princes,
Her fucceflbur fome expreflions it has the appearance of which nourimes a word very little in ufe. :
to give a check to fic:i!e.;e. pafl'cu

a law, which prevented all future jli:r.atk'ns of the an but is an adverb. The plethora renders us iear-, by fup ji'elling our
adjective, always of digeitii g
h revenues. Antriary Tie fpirits, whereby they are incapacitated
darknefs not from thee ; but the
l.i.icih
"J of property, hav; the aliinrMiQus humours into fleih.
G,it changes night fl.ini.-di the darknefs ar.d the
as tile
Jay :

tlc.rij ('y fin

created new and great dependencies. light are both elikt to tliee. l'!~<:.'in cvxxix. II.
Confurrptiens,
c Atber.t and Horm. With rhee conversing, I forget all time ; A'LIMONY. n.f. [alimonia, Lat.] Ali-
L. The ftate of being alienated as, the ;
All feafons, and their change, all pleafe alike. mony fignifies that legal proportion of
Paradifs Lc/l. the hufband's eftate, which, by the fen-
ftate was wafted during its alienation. Riches cannot refcue from the grare,
tence of the ecclefiaftical court, is al.
3. Change of affection. Which claims alike the monarch and the (lave.
lowed to the wife for her maintenance,
ll but in dark memrry, whit was the
is left
Dryden.
and the tlisr.ati-.r. of hH upon the account of any feparation from
ground of his defection, Let us unite at lead in an equal zeal for thoi'e
from the king. Bann.
capital doctrines, which we all equally embrace, him, provided it be not caufed by her
and are alike concerned to maintain.
Applied to the mind, it means elopement or adultery. Ay life's Parcrg.
diforder Atterbary.
4. Two handmaids wait the throne alike in place,
; Uerwre they fettled hands and hearts,
of the faculties. But difTring far in figure and in fate. Pi-fc. Till or death them parts. Hvfiibra*.
Some things are done by man, though not t'.Hninny

,_ch outward force and impulfion, thcu t:h not A'LIMENT. n.f. [alimentum, Lat.] Nou- A'LIO^UANT. adj. \_aliquantus, Lat.] Parts
,t, yet without their wilisj
as in alienation ol ri(hment ; that which nourimes ; nutri- of a number, which, however repeated,
mind, or any like inevitable utter abfence of wit ment ; food. will never make up the number exaflly ;
and judgment* New parts are added to our Jubilance; and, as as, 3 is an aliquant of 10, thrice 3 being
ALI'FEROUS. /iv#. [from ala andffro,La.t.] we die, we are born daily: nor can we give an ac-
how the aliment is prepared tar nutrition, or 9, four times 3 making 12.
Having wings. Did. count,
by what mechanifm it is di.lrii A'LIQJJOT. adj. [aliquot, Lat.] Aliquot
ALI'GEROUS. adj. [aliger, "Lat.] Having G/anv:!/t'i parts of any number or quantity, fuch
S'-fffis Stientijica.
wings winged. ;
Di3. All bodies which, by the animal faculties, can as will exally meafure it without any
Ti A I'G&E. <u. a. [from a, and lig, to
i . be changed into the fiuidi and f, lids of on:
remainder as, 3 is, an aliquot part of
:

lie down.] To lay ; to allay ; to throw are called alimcr.ts. In the largelt fcnfc, by e!'m:ext,
12, becaufe, being taken
1

four times,
1 up.Jerftand every thing which a humin creature
down ; to fubdue an old word even :
it will juft icafure it.
in common diet; as, meat, diink; and fca-
in the time of Spenfer, now wholly for- A'LISH.
foning, as, fait, fpice, vii jirliutbnct. adj. [from a/e.] Refembling ale j
gotten.
fitten we
ALIME'NTAL. adj. [from aliment.'] That having qualities of ale.
Thomalin, why fo,
down
which has the quality of aliment ; that Stirring it and beating the yeaft, gives it
ren overwent with ,
the fwect talte. Mortimer's Hufkardiy.
i'o fair a morrow ? which nourimes ; that which feeds. alijb

1 he'i r.-i'js time now ni^heth faft, The fun, that light imparts to all, receives A'LITURE. .
/. [alitura, Lat.] Nourifh-
Th.-- this bitter ! From all his aHmirlal rccompenfe, inent. Ditf.
: iow. ions.
Milicn't Pared. Left. ALI'VE. [from a and live.']
adj.
Sperf'Si FJJ! r.:U. Except they be watered from higher regions, 1. In the ftate of life ; not dead.
thele weeds mult lofe their elsmental
To ALI'GHT. -v. n. falihran, Sax. nf-lich- fap, and wi- Nor well alive, nor wholly dead
they were,
Brnvn. But fome faint figns of feeble life appear.
ten, Dutch.] Th' when Dryden
industrious, the fun in Lc Not youthful kings in battle feiz'd alive,
I. To come down, and flop. The word Forget not, at the foot of ev.-ry plant, Not fcornful who their charms fuivive.
virgins
;k a circling french, and
implies the idea of deJtntKng ; as, of a A juft fupply of jtimtnta! dreams,
daily p.,ur Pope.
bird from the wing ; a traveller from 2. In a figurative fenfe, unextinguifhed ;
Exhauftca lap recruiting.
his horfe or carriage ; and generally of Pbi/ifs
undeftroyed ; acTlve ; in full force.
AMME'NTALLY. [from alimental.~\ i>dv. Thofe good and learned menhadreafon to wifh,
refting or flopping. So as to ferve for nourifhment. that their
There ancient night arriving, did at proc'.-ivlinijs might be favoured, and the

Frcm her high weary wa n;. ; The fubftance of gold is invincible by the pov,- good affection of futh .15 inclined toward them, kept
S^ueen. ,

There is alMud it your gate ertlihrt heat, and that not only alive.
aiimentally in a Hooter.
A mutation, but alfo medicamentally in Cheerful
young Venetian. cf Ponce. of alacrity.
"-i-;k. full
3. ; fprightly ;

SUcknefi brer>j it the fure traveller, any corporeal converfion. Smun's Vulg. Erroun. Sl\e was not Jo much allvi the wliole
day, if (he
Tl.ough he alights fometimes,
(till
goeth on. ALIME'NTARINESS. n.f. [from alimen- more than fix hours.
(lept Clarffi.
/'uy.] The quality of being.alimentary,
Ilcrhtrt.
his foot he walks
4. In a popular fenfe, it is ufed only to
Wh'.n TnrJihv-v. i-h til!
night; add an ewiphafis, like the French Ju
or of affording nourifhmcnt. Dili.
When with his hoi is, he iie\cr wili aiigr'.

%
Dttibam. A 1. 1 ME'NTARY. [from aliment. adj. ~\
taonde ; as, the
he/I man alive ; that is,
When Drdalu!, 10 fly the Cretan (hore, 1. That which belongs or relates to ali- the tejl, with an emphafis. This fenfe
ted pinions bore has been long in ufe, and was once ad-
; ment.
To the Cumca". C'-all .it
length he came, The folution of the aliment by maftication is mitted into ferious now
And here aligbt'.ng built this cortly t. writings, but is
neccdiry; without it, the aliment could no
Drydtti! Mr.iui. merely ludicrous.
pofed for the changes which it receives as it paffeth And to thofe brethren
When he wa admoniiT^ed by his (ubjeft to de-
through the alimentary dud.
faid, rife, rife by-live,
came down And unto battle do yourfelves addicfi ;
fcend, he gen'ly, and circlinR in 'jtrfatblut on A!in:er.'.i.
Like a lark n For yonder comes the prowelc knight alive,
and fioging to the ground.
out in her m- 'ir.ting, and continuing her fong til!
2. That which has the quality of aliment, Prince Arthur, flower of grace and nobi'efs.

(he afigtn ; ftih piepanng tor a higher flight at her or the power of nourilhing. The carl of Northumberland, who was the proud,
Fairy Queen.
neit :

Drydeti.
I do not think that w.it;r lupplies anirr,
When was the evm eft man al'nt, could nor look upon the deftruclion
finiih'd figl.t, plants, with n*uriuSmcnt, bat
viflors from th-ir
of monarchy with any pleafure. Clarethkx.
The lufty fteed^ ali/ti; > particles, to cop.vey and
Like them difmounted all the warlike tra n. diftr.bntc tnem to tht fevcral pnrts of the bodv. John was quick and underdood bufincfs, but no
man ,I//OT wiaiuurc carclcl:, in looking into his ac-
Dryden. Ray on lli Cie..t:;a. cntl
Should a f^irit of fupcriour rank, a ffrangcr to Of alimentary roots, fome are pulpy an.
jfr/iuttxot.

human nature, alight upon tie nutrit: , Hi

nips and
'
\
A'LKAHEST. .
/ A word ufed Srft by
of us be ? Md\y,r,, :-\'
t teiau,r. a fattening 11 Arb<.tla;t in Ailmtnls. Parscelfus, and adopted by his follow-
VOL. I. I ers
 A L K ALL ALL
ers, to fignify an univerfal diflblvent, ALL. JEzl, calls, all*, Sax. was anciently
atf. [JEll, 6. It
or liquor which has the power of re-
in Englifh what it it
oil, Wellh; al, Dutch; alle. Germ. now in the other Teutonick dialefls, a
folving all things iato their firft
prin- Sxe-, Gr.]
particle of mere enforcement.
ciples. 1.
Being the whole number ; every one. He thought them fixpenct all too dear.
'ALKALE'SCENT. adj. [ from alkali. ] That Brutus an honourable man ;
is
S<-';g
in
bbakefpeart.
which has a tendency to the properties So are they all, all honourable men. Tell us what occafion of
import
of an alkali. Sbake/f. Julius Cffar.
Hath all fo long dctain'd you from your wife.
All animal diet To graze the herb all leaving, ;>M.
alkaltfctnt or anti-acid.
is

jirbutbna.
Devour'd each other. Miitm'i farad. Loft.
ALL. n.f.
The great encouragement oi all, The whole
AT KALI. K. f.
[The word alkali comes of a future rewird.
is the aflurance 1 .
; oppofed to part, or no-
Tili'st/en.
from an herb, called by the thing.
Egyptians ' 2. Being the whole quantity ; every part. And will (he her eyes on me
kali ; by us, yet debafe
glaflwort. This herb they Six days thou {halt labour, and do all
thy work. On
;

burnt to alhes, boiled them in water, me, whofe ali not equals Edward's moiety >
Dcut. v. I 3.
Political power, I take to be a Stakrfftan,
and, after having evaporated the water, right of making
laws with penalties, and of Nought's had, //"s fpent,
there remained at the bottom a white employing the force of Where our defire is
got without content.
the community in the execution of luch
laws, ajvj
fait ; this they called/*/ kali, or alkali. in the defence of the Stahfpeart'i Macbeth.
commonwealth; and til ;hi. The youth mall ftudy, and no m-, re
It is corrofive, only for the public good. Luckc. engage
producing putrefaction Their flattering wiihes for uncritain age ;
in animal fubflances to which it is
ap- 3. The whole quantity, applied to dura- No more with fruitlcfs care, and Cheated ftrlfe,
plied. Arbutbuot on Aliments.] Any fub- tion of time. Chace fleeting pleafure through the maze of life ;
ftance which, when with acid, On thole paftures chearful Finding the wretched all they here can have,
mingled Jill the year doth fit and
fpring
But prcfent food, a:-.d but a future grave. Friar.
produces effervefcence and fermenta- ling ;
Our all is at ftake, and irretrievably loft, if we
And, rejoicing, I'miles to fee
tion.
Their green backs wear his livery.
Md\jM
Cralhaw. fail offuccefs. .
A'LKALINE. adj. [from
alkali.} That 4. The whole extent of place; 2. Every thing.
which has the qualities of alkali. Graciano fpeaks an infinite deal of nothing, Then mail we be news-cramm'd. AH the
Any watery liquor will keep an animal from more than any man in all Venice. better ; we fliall be the more remarkable.
ftarving very long, by diluting the fluids, and con- Shake]f. Merchant cf Venue. Sbalefftare.
fequently keeping them from an alkaline ftate. ALL. Up with my tent, here will I lie to-night;
ad-v. [See ALL, a<r).] But where to-morrow
People have lived twenty-four days upon nothing ?
Well, ail's, one tor that.
but water.
I .
Quite ; completely.
Arbulbmt.
How is
my love all ready forth to come. Sbakifpeare*
To ALKA'LIZATE. >v. a. [from alkali.']
Al! the fitter, Lentulus : our coming
Is not for falutation we have
To make bodies alkaline, by
changing Know, Rome, that all alone Marcus did
Spenfer,
fifljt
; bus'nel's.
Bern
their nature, or by Within Corioli gates. Jmfcr.
mixing alkalies with Sbjkefpecre'i Coriolanus. That is, is the
them. fworc fo loud, He 3. every thing tetter, ibt
That, all amaz'd, the prieft let fall the book. fame, the Jitter.
ALKA'LIZATE. adj. [from That
alkali.]
Sbakefftare. Sceptre and pow'r, thy giving, I affume ;
which has the qualities of alkali; that The Saxons could call a comet a fixed which And glad her (hall refigii, when in the end
ftar,
which is impregnated with alkali./ is all one whhjlella crittita, or Kntfta. Thou {halt be all in all, and I in thee,
The odour of the fixed nitre h very languid but Camden's Remains. For ever ; and in me all whom thou lov'fl.
;
that which it difcovers,being difiolved in hot For a large confcicnce is all one, Milton.
water, is different, being of kin to that of other And the fame with none.
fignifies Hudilras. that do not keep up this
They indifferency for
tlkalizatt (alts. Balm, from a filver box diftill'd around, all but truth, put coloured fpeclacles before their
Style.
The colour of violets in their fyrup, by acid li- Shall a/I bedew the roots, and fcent the facred eyes, and look through falfe glades. Locke.
quors, turns red, and, by urinous and aiHalizati, ground. Dry Jen. 4. The phrafe and all is of the fame kind.
turns green. I do not remember he any where mentions ex-
Nnuttm. They all fell to work at the roots of the tree,
prefsly the of the firft-born, but all
title and left it
ALK ALIZA'TION../ [froai alkali .] The along fo little foothold, that the firft blaft
of
keeps himfelf under the /belter of the indefinite wind laid it fat upon the ground, neft,
aft of alkalizating, or eagles,
impregnating term, heir. Locke. <"> d alt -
bodies with alkali. L'EJlrange.
Juftice may be furniihed out of fire, as far as her A torch, fnufF and all, goes out in a
moment,
A'LKANEI-. .
/. \anchufa, Lat.] The fword goes ; and courage may be all over a conti- when dipped in the vapour.

name of a plant. This plant is a fpe- nued blaze. Remarks

Adjfin. Adetifon's en Italy.

cies of buglofs, with a red root,

If e'er the mifer durft his
farthings fpare, All is much ufed in
brought He 5. compofuion ; but,
thinly fpreads them through the public fquare, in moll instances, it is
from the fouthern parts of France, and Where, all befide the rail, rang'd beggars lie, merely arbitrary ;
ufed in medicine. Miller. And from each other catch the doleful cry. as, all-commanding. Sometimes the words
Gay.
ALKEKKNGI. n. /. A medicinal fruit z. Altogether ; wholly ; without any other compounded with it, are fixed and claf-
or berry, produced by a plant of the ctKifideration.
fical; as. Almighty. When it is con-
fame denomination ; popularly alfo call- I am of the mod who nefted with a participle, it feems to be
temper of king?, love to
be in debt, are all for prefent
money, no matter
a noun ; as,
ed winter -cherry : the plant bears a near all-jurrounding : in other
how they pay it afterward. D*\.i.r,. cafes an adverb; as, all -a
refcmblance to Solanum, or Night- amplified, or
ihade ; whence it is frequently called 3. Only; without admiflion of any thing completely accomplifhed. Of thefc com-
elfe.
in Latin by that name, with the addi- pounds, a fmall part of thofe which
When I (nail wed,
tion or epithet of <vejicarium. That lord, whofe hand mud take my plight, ihall
may be found is inlerted.
Chambers. ALL-BEARING, adj. [from n//and bcar.~\
carry
ALKE'RMES. In medicine, a term Half my love with him, half my care and duty. That which bears every thing ; omni-
n.f.
Sure 1 {hall never marry like my filter,
borrowed from the Arabs, denoting a 1

parous.
To love my father all. Sbakiff. King Lear. Thus while he fpoke, the fovereign
celebrated remedy, of the confidence of plant he
4. Although. fenfe is This
truly Teuto- drew,
a confeftion ; whereof the keraui ber- VVhere on th'
nick, but now obfolete. all-bearing earth unmark'd it grew,
ries are the bafis. The other ingre- Do you not think th' accompli/hment of it Ptpt.
dients ar# pippin-cyder, rofe-water, Sufficient work for one man's fimple head, ALL-CHEERING, adj. [from a//and cheer.]
fugar, ambergreafe, mufk, cinnamon, All were it as the reft but /imply writ. Sftnfcr.
That which gives gayety and cheerful-
aloes-wood, pearls, and leaf-gold ; but It isfometimes a word of emphafis nefs to all.
5. ;

The Soon as the

the fwcets are ufually omitted. nearly the fame with juft. all-cicerirg fun

tonfefiit alkermei is
chiefly made at Mont- A fhephcrd's fwain, fay, did thee bring,
Should, in the futheft eaft, beg^n to draw
All as his ftraying flock he fed ; The (hady curtains from Aurora's bed.
pelier. The grain, which gives it the
ALL-COMMANDING,
Sitatefp.
And, when his honour hath thcc read, adj. [from all and
denomination, no where found fo
is
Crave pardon for thy Uardylicad. the
Cbamken.
command.'] Having fovereignty over
plentifully as there.
Spenjtr'l all.

He
 ALL ALL ALL
He now fets before them the high and ftiini
upon all oecnfions, will foam out at its foul month
3ol of glory, the
fmuerfu/.] Almighty ; omnipotent ;
South,
all-commanding image of bright in flander and inventive.
poffeired of infinite power. The
gold. Ralf'i^h. O all -powerful
Being! lead motion of the 3. To quiet; to pacify ;
to reprefs.
A L L-co M POS INC. adj. [from all and com- whofe will can create or deftroy a world ; pity us, word, in this fenfe, I think not to be
fofe.] That which quiets all men, or the mournful friends of thy diftrcfied firvant. derived from the French alioyer, but to
every thing. Siuift. be the Bnglilh word lay, with a before
Wrapt in embowering ihades, UlyfTes lies, ALL SAINTS DAY. n.f. The day on
His wucs forgot ! but Pallas now adoreft, which there is a general celebration of
it, according to the old form.
If by ynur art you have
To break the bands of all
^mfojiag reft.
Pcfi. the faints. The firft of November. them.
Put the wild waters in this roar, allay
ALL-CONO^UERINC. adj. [from all and and fee.] Sbakc/jp. arc,
ALL-SEER, n.f. [from all lie
conquer.] That which fubdues every that fees or beholds he ALLA'Y. n.f. [alloy, Fr.]
every thing ;
thing. whofe view comprehends all 1. The metal of a bafer kind mixed in
Second of Satan fprung, aH-fcr.qxering death things.
That high Ail-jar, which I d.iilied with, coins, to harden them, that they may
!

%Vn.u think'ft thou of our empire now? Mutsn. Hath turn'd my feigned prayer on my head, wear lefs. Gold is allayed with filver
ALL-CONSUMING, [from all and adj.
Ar.d giv'n in earned what J begg'd in jeft.
and copper, two carats to a pound
That which confumes every Sbabffptare.
coafume.]
ALL-SEEING, adj. [from all and Troy ; filver with copper only, of which
Jee.]
thing.
That beholds every thing. eighteen pennyweight is mixed with a
By age unfcroke^but all-confvmitg care
Deftro) s
perhaps the ftrength that time would The fameFirii Mover certain bounds has plac'd, pound. Ccvce/1 thinks the allay is add-
fpare.
How long thofe perilhablt fornii fliall laft ; ed, to countervail the charge of coin-
Popt.
Nor cin
ALL-TJEVOURIXG. adj. [from all and de- they la ft beyond the time afiign'd ing ; which might have been done only
By that and all-making mind.
<vour.] That which eats up every thing.
all-feeing Drydin. by making the coin lefs.
Secure from flames, from envy's fiercer rage, ALL SOULS DAY. The day on which n.f. For fools are ftubborn in their way,
DeftrucYwe war, and all -devouring age. Applications are made for all fouls by As coins are hardened by th' alley* Hudibrast
Pope.
ALL-FOURS, n.f. [from all and four.]
the church of Rome ; the fecond of 2. Any thing which, being added, abates
Alow game at cards, played by two; November. the predominant qualities of that with,
This which it is mingled ; in the fame man-
fo named from the four particulars by is all Jails day, fellows, is it not ?
Jt is, my
which it is reckoned, and which, joined
lord.
ner, as the admixture of bafer metals
Why then, all fouls Jay is
my body's doomfday.
in the hand of either of the parties, are allays the qualities of the firft mafs.
Sbaklffeart. Dark colours eafily fuffer a fenfible allay, by
faid to make ALL-SUFFICIENT,
all-fours. adj. [from all and little fcattering light. Nrwtorfs Opticks*
AM. HAIL. n. f. [from all and hail, for fujpdent.] Sufficient to every thing. 3. Allay being taken from bafer metals,
health.] All health. This is therefore The teltimonies of God are perfect, the tefti-
not a compound, though perhaps ufually monics of God are alt-fiiffic-eut
"
unto that end for commonly implies fomething worfe than
which they were given. that with which it is mixed.
reckoned among them ; a term of falu- Hooter.
He can more than employ all our powers in The joy has no allay of jealoufy, hope, and fear,
tation. Safoe, orfal-vtle. their utmofl elevation Rofcommtn.
; forjie is
every way per-
ye fields, where conftant peace attends
ill, !
fect and ttt-fuffitunl, Norris. AI.LA'YE*. n.f. [from allay.] The per-
All bail, ye facred, folitary groves !
ALL-WISE, adj. [from all and ivift.] Pof-
fon or thing which has the power or
A.I bail, ye books, my true, my real friends,
Whofe convcrfation pleafes and improves !
feft of infinite wifdom. quality of allaying.
There an infinite, eternal, Phlegm and pure blood are reputed allaycn of
all-wife mind go-
is
Waljb.
verning the affairs of the world. and Avicen countermands letting blood
ALL HALLOW. In.f. [from all and bal- South. acrimony :

in cholerick bodies ; becaufe he efteems the blcod

Supreme, alt-tuife, eternal, potentate !

ALL HALLOWS. 5 lo-iv.]

All faints day; Sole author, fole difpofer of our fate a frtenum tills, or a bridle of gall, obtunding its
!
Prior,
the firll of November. icrimony and nercenefs.
ALLANTO'IS, or ALLANTO'IDES. n.f.
Harvry.
ALL-H.VLLOWN. adj. [from all and hal- ALLA'YMENT, n. /. [from allay.] That
(from gut, and i>!>&-, fhape.]
aX?z.-, a
lo, to make holy.] The time about The urinary timick placed between the which has the power of allaying or abat-
All faints day. amnion and chorion, which, by the ing the force of another.
Farewell, thou latter fpring !
farewell, It" I could temporize with rny affection,
navel and urachus, or pafl'age by which
All-ballmin Summer. Sktkeff. Henry IV. Or brew it to a weak and colder palate,
the urine is conveyed from the infant in The like a/la^rKt-nf would I give my r er
ALLH AI.LOWTI DE. n. f.
[See ALL- t'
i ~*

the womb, receives the urine that conies ALLEGA'TION,

HALLOWK.] The term near All faints,
out of the bladder. Affirmation
n.f. [from allege.]
or the firft of November. ^jiiiicy, 1. ; declaration.
To ALLA'Y. v. a. [from alloyer, Fr. to The
Cut off the bough about Allkalkiatidt, in the 2. thing alleged or affirmed.
hire place, and fet it in the ground, and it will mix one metal with another in order to Hath he not twit our fovereign lady here

grow to be a fair tree in one year. With ignominious words, though darkly coucht
coinage ; it is therefore derived by fome As if ihe had fuborned Ibme to fwear
?
Moron's Natural a la
rllflvry, from according law lot, to ; the
ALL-HEAL, n.f. [paanx, Lat.] A fpecies quantity of met;/1s being mixed ac-
Falfe allegations, to o'erthrow his Mate.

Sbakcfpcart's Hairy VI.

of ironivcrt which fee.
;
cording to law ; by others, from a/tier, 3. An excufe a plea. ;
1\\ \ -JUDGING, adj. [from ^//andyV./^c.l to unite
perhaps from allocare, to put
; I i mittcd no. means tobe informed of my
That which has the fovereign right o; err u;rs and I expect not to be excul'ed in any
;
trier.]
judgment. 1. To mix one metal with another, to negligence on account or' youth, want of leifure, '

I !<yik w'th horrour back, or any otlif.- lie i

nuke it fitter for coinage. In this fenfe, allegation!. Pope.

That I detrfr my urciched k-if, and curfc To ALLE'GE. <*. a. [alli-ge, Lat.]
moll authors the
H> pa:l p -,'.: preserve original 1. To afHrm to declare to maintain.
; ;
Who kr iv.4 my crimes, has ; . >w for French orthography, ami write v.
//y 2. To plead as an excufe, or produce as
. See ALLOY.
A: -KNOWING, an argument.
i
adj. [from all and i... 2. To join any thing to another, fo as to
Surely the prrfent form of church-government
Omnilcient ; all-wife. if, pn-.i, ir.inant It is u r.i l.:w of (io-l, or p-.ifoii of mr.ii,
qualities. ,

Shall we repine at a little mifplac'd charity, hath hitherto been

u.'cu
commonly in a fenfe contrary to alleged of force iufficieut to
we, who could no way forefce the effect -A!:CM
ks original meaning, and proxe they do ill, who, to the utmuft of tl,.-ir
;

an all-ln if:u'-r.^ t * /rinwers dovvnrvcry is, to make

power, withiUnd the alteration thereof.
,

Uvilcr.
:s benefits on the unthankful and undef-rv- fometriing bad, bad.
lef;, To obtund ; It we forfake the
ways of gr.ice or goodneft,
ing ?
-jry's Krrm'.iis.,
to reprefs ; to abate. we cannot al/igt any colour of ignorance, or
MAKING, adj. [from all and K Bring bri,ug,,t into the open air, wjri ot inftruction we cannot fay we have not
j

That created omninck. See ALL- I would j/Ary the burning quality
all ; tlit-m, or we could not.
i

Of that fcll'poifon. Sprat.

lie h.uh a clear and
SEE: t:o. Sl>al--jpt*i-: full view, and there is no
No friendly offices (hall alter nr that more to be
allay alleged for bis better information.
ALL-POWERFUL, adj. [from all and rancour, that frets in fame hcllifli Lre.ilt<, which, Lofh.
I z Ai, LE'CEABLB.
 ALL ALL
ALLE'CEATII.R. atij. [from al/rge.] Th:.t
is tl.it
daughter tf diligence, and the fa- 3. Relation by any form of kindred.
which may be alleged. '

of anther i:y.
For my father's fak-,
Upon this interpretation .il!
m^y He folvrd, thru Nchiier mutt we <!nw out our a/lfgory too And, for tlKar.ce' fake, declare the cnufe
is
uHt^eabie agaWiil it. Breton s J'ulrar Err r ur;. long, Iclf r r! -r we make mu (fives
:
:
ohfcurr, or My father loft his I .
.

ry IV.
AI.LE'GEMENT. n. f. he fall into affectation, w! \. Adrafhn fo< if,
'-,
^v.-'fc, ih ill
join
[from allege.] 'J i
Rrn.Jonfor..
In dire alliance with
fame with This word nympha meant nothing life but, by
:
i:ie;
allegation. Thence ftritt- lujil in .J n,,..iai w.ir
i! rc that iil., ;
(urc?cJ.
He
t
a/,'tGt-y
A:.LE'GER. n. f. [from allege.'] that
t

neth and and flowers, '' '

'-
g'.vtrtb /Lie to treci ',

alleges. Prackam )..

The aft of forming or
contracting re-
narrative, if we bslievc it as
confidently as jiLLE'GRQ. A word denoting one lation to
n. f. another ; the aft of
the famous alleger of ir, Pnmghitio, making a
wou'd argue, that there is no other principle re-
of the fix diftinftions of time. Jt ex-
confederacy.
prefles a fprigluly motion, the quickell Dorfct, yr>ur fon, that with a fearful f -ul
qu'lite, than what may rcfult from the lucky
Leads discontented Iteps in foreign
mixture of feveral bodiis. of all, except Prerto. Jt originally
This fair alliance (hall call ho:i
ALLE'GIANCE. n.f. \alligeance, Fr.] The means %ay, as in Milton. To
quickly
high pro.-noti ;ns. Sbat/ff. Richard III.
duty of fubjefts to the government. ALLELUJAH. n.f. [This word is falfely The
5. perfons allied to each other.
I did pluck allegiance from m?n's heaits, written for Hallelujah, J^n and n.] I would not boall the greatr.e.s of
Loud (hours and lalutations from their mouths, my
Even in the prefence of the crowned king.
A word of fpiritual exultation, ufed in But point out new allu-i-a to C.itr>.
fjrlier,
Aadihn.
Siakef/ieare.
hymns ; it fignifies, Praife Gad. ALLI'CIENCY. .

/. [allicia, Lat. to en-

We cha-gc He will fet his tongue to thufe pious divine tice or draw.] The
you. on alltgianct to ourli power of attracting
To which may be a proper pratludium to thofe
hold your flaughtcring hands, and keep the irraii-5,
any thing m.igneulm ; attraftion.
;
alltlujahi he hopes eternally to (ing.
peace. Sbatrfpeart. The feigned central allicimy is but a word, and
The houfe of commons, to whom GffVfntntenl of the Tctrr
every day the manner of it Jtill occult.
petitions are directed by the feveral counties of ALLEMA'NDE. n.f. [Ital.] A grave kind
GL-n-uii/f.

of mufick.]
To A'LLIGATE. <v. a.
[all;go , Lat.] To
allegiance to
England, profefling all them, govern Dift.
abfolutily; the lords concurring, or rather
one thing to another to unite.
tie
fub- To ALLE'VIATE. -v. a. [alk, Lat.]
;

mitting to whatfoevcr is
propofed. Ciartntlcti.
1. To make light to eafe ; to fofteir
ALLICA'TION, n.f. [from aUigate.]
ALLE'GIANT. adj. [from allege.'] Loyal; The
;

much 1 . The aft of

tying together the ftate of
pains taken in the fpeculative, will ;
conformable to the duty of alhgiauce : alleviate me in del'cribing the practic part. being fo tied.
a word not now ufed. Harvey. 2. The arithmetical rule thst teaches to
For your great graces Moft of the difremoers are the effects of abjfeJ
adjuft the price of compounds, formed of
Heap'd upon m?, poor undsferver, I plenty and luxury, and rn'ift not be charged upon feveral ingredients of different value.
On nothing render but aflegjaqt thanlcs, our Maker; who, notwithstanding, hath ;

My pray'r; to heaven for you. .^'J p. Hen. VIII. excellent medicines, to alleviate thofe evils which ALLIGA'TOR ; n.f. The crocodile. This
ALLEGO'RICK. adj. [from f.R:gory.'] After we bring up.m ourfelves. Bcntley, name is chiefly ufed for the crocodile
the manner of an allegory ; not real ; z. To as, he alle-
extenuate, or foften
;
of America, between which, and that of
not literal. by an excufe.
'viales his fault Africa, naturaliils have laid down this
A kingdom they portend thee bt what king- ; ALLEVI A'T ION. n.f. [from alleviate.] diiTercnce, th.it one moves the
upper,
dom, \. The aft of making light, of allay ing, and the other the lower j.iw ; but this
Real or aHe^irick, I discern not.
or extenuating. is now known to be chimerical, ths
ALLEGO'RIC-AL. adj. [from alkgery.] In All apologies tor, and alleviat'icns of faults, lower jaw being equally moved by both.
the form of an allegory ; not real ; not though they are ihe heights of humanity, yet See CROCODILE.
they are not the favours, but the duties of friend
literal -
; myffical. In his needy ftiop a toi toife nung,
When in an atkg'r'uel and
our Saviour f.iid, (hip. Scittb.
An al''.galor ftufPd, and other fcins
mvtlical fenfe, Except ye. eat the rlefh of the S^n 2. That by which any pain is eafed, or Of ill-ih.ip'.i Si-'*tf!frjrt*
of Man, and drinit his blo^-d, ye have no life in fault extenuated. Aloft in rov, i large poppy-heads V.-.T^
the heaters underftoud him ru! .trung,
you ; liter.iHy This lif's of one fifth c-f their income will fit And here a f;aly a.'.';V.;.'.r hu.-.g.
grofsly. /?,r;/ry
heavy on them, who (hall feel it, without the <;/- Gjrtb's D ':'.'

The epithet of Apo'lo for (hootirg, is

capable Ifuiati'.n of any profit. L- A'I.LIGATURE.
of two applications; one liter.il, in r. fpLcl of the
\t,
n.f. [from alligate.~\ Thff
da'ts and bow, the enHns or that god; the other
A'LLEY. n.f. [aliee, Fr.] link, or ligature, by which two
things
1. A walk in a garden. '

rica!, in regard t> theuvs /fth-; fur 1

.
Pope.
are joined together. DUl.
All EGO'RICALLY. adv. [from And within were walks and alleys wide,
all
AL L I's ION.
allegory.] -With footing \vorn, and leading inward far.
n.f. \_aRida, alii '""' Lat.] The
After an allegorical manner. aft of linking one thing ag^i:ill auo-
Spenfer.
Virgil often makes Iris ih; mefi'cngcr of Juno, Wheve alleys
are c!of- gravel'ed, the eatth put- ther.
taken for the air. Peacbam. There have not been any idmds of note, or c .:n-
ell.gwical'.y teth forth th-e firit
year kuo-gr.:f.;, and atV
The phce is to be undriftSod alltgsric.illj ; and Jif con's Natural Hijlory. extent, torn and car. oii' from the conti-
fid'-rab!e
gral's.
what is thus fpoken by a Hhxician with wifdom, Yonder nent by earthquakes, or fevered from it
alleys green, by the
is, by the Poet, applied to the goddefs of if. Po^e. Our walk at noon, with branches overgrown. boilierous all\ji<.it
of the WtaA'.ejrJi.
ALLEGO'RICALNESS. n.f. [from allego- M.'t r..
ALLITERA'TION. f. [ad and litera,
.

The quality of being allego- Come, my fair love, our morning's ta(k we lof; ; Of what the critics call the alii,
rical.']
Some labour ev'n the ealie.t life would ch Lat.]
rical. Di3. teratioa, or
Ours is not great; the dangling bnws to crop, beginning of feveral words io
7o A'LLEGOR:ZF. rv. a. [from allegory.] Whofe too luxuriant growth our uilcys tlop. Dryef. the fame verfe with the fame letter, there
To turn into allegory ; to form an alle- The thriving plants, ignoble bro-mfticks made, are initances in the oldeft and bell wri-
gory ; to take in a fenfe not literal. Now fweep thofe alleys they were born to ihaje. ters, as,
He
hath very wittily allegorize! th-s tree, al- P lft .
Behemoth biggeft born.
lowing his fuppofition of the tree itfelf to be ;r..e. 2. A paflage in towns narrower than a A^.'ron's
ParaJife Loft.
Rafcigb. ftreet. ALLOCA'TION. n.f. [alloco, Lat.]
As Come would alltgormi thefe figns, fo others A back frienJ, a (houldcr clapper, one that
wauld confine them to the deftruflion of Jeru-
The aft of putting one thing to ano-
commands the palTages of alleys, creeks, and nar-
falem. Burnefs Theory. ther.
row lands. Stali-ffeare.
Analchymift (hall reduce divinity to the max- Fr ]
2. The admiffion of an article in reckon-
ims of ALLI'ANCE. n. f. [alliance,
ing, and addition of it to the account.
his laboratory, explain morality by fal,

fulphur, and mercury; and allegorize

the fciipturc 1. The ftate of connexion with another
. An allowance made upon an account
itlelf, "id tn e fao.ed myfterics thereof, into tile a league. In this fenfe, ;
by confederacy ;
a term ufed in the Exchequer.
philofopher's fK ne. Lccke.
our hillories of Queen Anne mention
A'LLEGORY. n.f. [iA^yo^a.] figu- A the alliance.
Chamtei s,
grand ALLOCU'TION.
rative difcourfe, in which fomething 2. Relation by marriage. n.f. [allocutio, Lat.] The
contained in aft of fpeaking to another.
other is intended, than is A b!ox!y Hymen jha.l th' alliance join
the woids literally taken ; as, wealth Eelw.xt the Trojan and th' AuloaUn line. Dryd. ALLO'DIAL. adj. [from allodium.'] Held
without
 A L L ALL ALL
without any acknowledgment offuperio Th<- pow'r of mufick all our hearts d! -.v ; alh-Ktncc of them that fucceed, although it ptead
Ard what Timothrus \vas, is DiyJen now. for itfelf nothing. H?.-r.
rirv nor feudal ; independent.
;
That fome of the Prdbyterians declared opcnl Without the notion and alhiKar.ce of Ipirits,
ALL'fo'DlUM. K.f. [A word of very un a;:\ii)!t
the king's murder, 1 alLiv to be true. our philofnphy will be lame and defective in one
certain derivation, but moft probably o Siuif main part of it. Lccitf,

German original.] A pciTellion held ii 2. To juilify ;

to maintain as right. 2. Sanction ; licenfe ; authority.
ablolute independence, without any ac The pow'rs above Ycu Cent a Urge commiffion to conclude,
A'l<*i-} obedience. Skakefpf Without the king's will, or the date's allowance,
k.iowledgme;it of a lord paramount. J
The Lord A
allvwttb the righteous. Bible league between his Highnefs and Ferrara.
is
oppoied loft.', or fetHii/m, which inti
mates fomo kind of dependence. There 3. To grant ; to yield ; to own any one' Sbakefpeart.
3. Permiffior. ; freedom from reftraint.
title to.
are no allodial lands in England, al (houiJ therefore be accuilomed betimes to
They
wiil not, in civility, alkia too much fin
Vv i-

being held either mediately or imme- cerity to the profeilior.s f molb men ; but thin <
corfult and make ule of their reafori, before they
ghe alkti'znci to their inclinations. L'\te.
diately of the king. their actions to be interpreters of their thoughts.
ALLO'NGE. n.f. \_allonge, Fr.] Lo.L 4. A fettled rate, or appointment for any
1 . A
pafs or thrnft with
a rapier, fo callec I {Hall be ready to all.iv the pope as litc'.e r v. r ufe.
here a? y ;u
pleale. Stcift
The visual in plantations ought to be expended
from the lengthening of the fpace taken
almoft as in a befieged town j that is, with certain
4. To grant licenfe to
to permit.
up by the fencer.
;
allowance. Baccn.
Let's follow the old earl, and get the beldam
2. It is likewile taken for a long rein
To lead him where he would ; his roguiih mnj And his allowance was a continual allsviaxct
when the horfe is trotted in the hand. given him of the king; a i;aiiy rate ;or every day
nefs
all hi? life. 2 K. '.
To ALLO'O. [This word is gene- -v. a. dllotil ilfe'f to any tl.i
Steiefpeart
But we were a'^iceJ of God Abatement from the ftrift rigour- of a
rally fpoken hallio, and is ufed to dogs,
as to be put in 5.

when they are incited to the chace or tiui'c with the gofpel, even lo we lpe.it, not a: law, or demand.
p'.eafmg men, but God, vvh.ch trieifi l.rirts. cm 1 he whole pcem, though written in h; :

battle ; it is commonly imagined to Tt of the Pindarick natuie, as well in i!ii

is
i verfr,
conie from the French ; perhaps allons They referred a'l iws, that wore 'o !<> i
thought as the exp;eflion ; and, as fuch, re .

from all lo, look all ; (hewing the ob- Ireland, tj be confidereJ, correcleJ, and allsivc, the l:ime grains of alhtuance for ir. />, y . .

>
firft bv the ftate of E.i^land. never give alLivances for an inr.ci.ent
jeft.] To fet on; to incite a dog, by
D,:-J:,SU: I arents

crying fJLo. j. To give a fanftion to ; to authorize. pufnon. Siv.ft.

1 here no (lander an aUvw'd fjoi. 6. Ettablifhed charafter ; reputation.
r" rirus mafliS"; bid him vex is in
Stattff
His bark is
ftoutly timbered, a id his pilot
The ; . =nd print upon their ears 6. To give to; to pay to.
Of veiy expert and approved aL O".v^nfe.
f
A fad memorial of their paft offence. /Vr. no tear-, ell
: then ! n v.-=
Slfty/P*

To him that gave us peace and empire do. ALLO'Y. n.f. [See ALLAY.]
A'LLOQJ/Y. .
/. [a'.loquium, Lat.] The
aft of ("peaking to another ; addrefs ; Walter, 1 . Safer metal mixed in coinage.
converfation. Did. 7. To
appoint for ; to fet out to a certain
'I hat precife weight and fincnels, by law ap-

ufe as, lie allowed his fen. the third propriated to the pieces of each denomination, is
To ALLO'T. -v. a. [from lot.]
;
called the frandard. Fire filver is fitver without
1. To dillribute by lot. part of his income. the mixture of any bafcr metal. Alky is bafer me-
2. To grant. 8. To make abatement, or provifion ; or tal mixed with it, Locke.
Five d.i\s v/e d j f r -rov'finn,
al'o: tb.ee to (cttle any thing, with fome concef- Let anoihcr pitce be coTru'd of the fame weight,'
To rtlie'd thee from cifjfters of fions or cautions regarding wherein half the filver is taken out, and copper,
fomething or other alloy, pilt into the place, it will be worth
And, on tl.c fixrh, to urn thy h iied Vjck elfe.
but half as much ; for the value of the alloy is fa
Upon our kingdom. Sbaktf;-. Kir.g Lear. If we confider the different occafions of ancient
d:lerve r^lulc inconsiderable as not to be reckoned* Locke.
I (nil! my fjte, if I
and modern medals, we ihall find they both
ag.ee
That happy hour which heaven alloti to peace. in recording the great aclions and fuccefles in
2. Abatement ; diminution.
Dry Jen,
war nr the different ways of mak- Thepleafuies of fenfe are probnbly relifhed by
allowing ftill
;

3. To diftribute ; to parcel out; to give ing it, and the circumilanccs that attended it.
beafts in a more exquifite degree than they are by
each his (hare. men ;
for they tjfte them lincere and pure without
Add"ifott.
S,n the only end rf all their (ln- ALLO'WABLE. mixture or alley. Aitcrbury,
[from allow.] aJj.
. i man cannot be t^i Icru-ulous in -

. That which may be admitted without ALLUBE'SCENCY. n. f. \allulefcent in t

L
t .en t!i?ir d-^e
portion of it. Ta'Ur. content. Diet.'
contradiction. Lat.] Willingnefs ;

ALLO'TMKNT.
1 That which
n.f. [from allot.]
is allotted to one the
It is not alktvjtlt, what is obf;rvable in mmy To ALLU'DE. -j. n. [nlluJo, Lat.] To
.
any ; pieces of Raphael, where Ma^Jalen is
reprtfentcd, have fome reference to a thing, without
part, the lliare, the portion p;r.\:.ted.
before our Saviour, waihirg his feet on her knees j the direct mention of it to hint at to ; ;
There can b: .
:y or q'l'et ir. which will not confift with the t-.-xt.
infinuate. Jt is ufed of perfons ; as, be
this 'Aorld, but in a reli^n.-tion tu the n! Brvwri'l Vtt'gar Erroun.
of God and nature. alludes to an old ftory ; or, of things,
L'FJirangt. 2. That which is permitted or iicenfed ;
ity to fnbmitw :

th patience as, the lampoon alludes to his mother*!

lawful ; net forbidden.
to r. .,e
may In aflions of this fort, the light of nature a- faults.
-,.k of Cod. Thefe fpceches of Jcrom .in.l Chryfoftom do
Irne .may difcover that which is in the fight ot
Rogeit's Sermons. God alloical/f.
feem to allude unto fuch ministerial garments as
Jlcoker.
2. Part appropriated. were then in i.fc. Hooker*
wa?, by the freelnm jilnuabte among friends,
I
Ui : :o a grove for fruits and ihade, a True it i*, that many things of this natuie be
tempted to vent my thoughts with re.jligencr.
i-:d an aibimcr.t for olives and herts. alluded unto, yen, many things declared. Hooker.
Boyle.
Br'.oiKc.
Reputation becomes a fignil and a
Thi-n j
uft proportions were taken, and cve;-y thing
very peculiar
AI.I.O'TTER Y. n.f. [from allot.] That blcffi g t.) matriftrates ; and their placed by we-ght and mcafure: and this 1 doubt
purfult of it i,.
not w.t, that artificial flruclure here alluded to.
which is granted to any particular not only alLivaiic but laudable.
BurntCi Theory*
perfon in a diftributicn. See ALLOT- At'erbnry'i Scrw.ni.
MENT. ALLO'WABLKNESS. ALL U'M NOR .n.f. i
\_allu;ner, Fr. to light.]
n.f. [from
wme fucheiercifcs as One who colours or paints upon paper
may become a grntle-
ble.} The quality ot being allowable;
man, rr g ve
;
mi the pour allanery my father left lawfulnefs exemption from
or pirchmcnt ; becauia he gives graces,,
me by
; prohibi-
light, and ornament, to the letters or
trlr.-Ti'r.t.
Staltffpcare. tion.
To ALLO'W. v. a. [allouer, Fr. from al- Lots, as to their nature, ufe, and atlcToablenefs, figures coloured. Cotvcll.
laudare, Lat.] in matters of recreation, are inJerd impugned by o ALLU'RK. v. a. \_lenrer, Fr. loorcn,
I. To admit ; as, a polition ;
to allc-ta foni;:, though better defended by others. Dutch ; belaejiifn, Sxv.] To entice to any
Souti's Sermons.
not to contradicl not to oppofe.
; thing whether good or bad ; to draw to-
The principle) which ail manic. nd atlh-w for ALLO'WANCE. n.f. [from al/cw.] wards any thing by enticement.
true, are innate; thofe, that men of right rejfon , Admiflion without contradiction. Unto laws that men make fur the benefit of
arc ihe principle*
allnutdtsj all mankind. 'I h.it which wifdom did firft begin, and hath men, it hath fenned always needfil to add re-
lick. been with good men long continued, challengcth wards, which may more allure unto good, than
9 any
 ALL A L M ALM
my hirdnrfi dererreth from it; and punil'jmsnts, define:! an infeniible increment, brought by the the oriental, and nearer the colour of
r.U) marc deter from evil, than any fweet-
i water. Ctmcil.
the granate. Did.
oels theiet t ullurelh. Hookfr.
The joldin fun, in fplendour liked heav'n
ALLU'VIOUS. adj. [from al/ii'vian.] That ALMI'CHTINESS. *. / [from almighty.'}
tt' i which is carried by water to another Unlimited power ;
omnipotence ; one of
PtradifeL'.JI.
Hach flate'ring hope, and tach aliurixg joy. place, and lodged upon fometliing ellc. the attributes of God.
It iViwrh woild for a witnefs of hii /:/-
tj the
Lyttletcn. To ALLY', v. a. \alli-:r, Fr.]
ALL I/RE, n. f. [from the verb allure.] To unite or
liom we outwardly honour with the
1. by kindred, f'riendfhip, chiefeft of outward things.
Something f-.-t
up to entice birds, or confederacy. In creating and making exiftent the wor!
other things, to it. We now write lure. All theft fcpcs are allltd to the inhabitants of the verl';l, liy the ablolute aft of his own word, Cut
he rather to tra.n th m to his aliure, he told
I
Ib as there is no hope that they will ever
North, (hewed his power and almigbt'mefi.
the.n both often, rnj with a vehement voice, how ferve faithfully againft them. an Ireland. A.'r /,".
i'ftnjcr
.ere ever-topped and trodden down by gn-
Wants, f. ailtics, patfions, clofer ftiil ally In the wildernefs, the bittern and the Itork, i.'ic
tlcni .
li.iynuartl, The common int'rcll, or en-lear the tye. Pcfe. unicorn and the ellc, live upon his p.;
Ai. i. U'K FM ENT. n.f. [from allure.] That To
the fun alfyjf revere his power, and kel the force of his a
which allures, or has the force of allur- From him they draw the animating fire. Tkcmfcn. tlMtfi.

ing ; eiuicfmciit ; temptation of plea- 2. To make a relationbetween two things, ALMI'CHTY. adj. [from all and lightj.]
Cure. by fimilitude, or refemblance, or any Of unlimited power; omnipotent.
Agninft tiliiir&ifnt, cultom, and a world other means. The Lord appeared unto Abraham, and fald
of reproach, and iVorn, unto him, I am the altr.iglty God; walk before
led ;
[cartel's
Two lines indeed remotely allitJ to Virgil's
art'
<>: \:o!?r.cc. Mi/ton'l Paradif; L'Jl. but they are too i':kc the tendcrneis of me, and be thou perfect. Gir.tfis xvii. i.
fenfe;
.Adam, by his wife's allurctmnt, fVll.
Ovid.
He wills y;iu in the name of God alt,-
Diydcn.
That you divert yourfclf, and lay apart
To /hun th* f.'hrfmenfh not h.Ml ALLY', a./, [allie, Fr.] One united by The borrow'd glories, that, by gift ol" heav'n,
To minds refolv'd. ::irew,i.n'd, and well prepar'd ; fome means of connexion as marriage, ; By law of nature and of nations, 'long
-.vnd'rotis dirlkult, when once bcfet, To him and to his hxi.s. Slakcfatare.
friendship, confederacy.
To rtrugfj'.r thnugh the iiraits, and break
tY in- He in court ftood on his own feet; for the moft A'LMOND. f. \_amand, Fr. derived by
n.
\o-ving net. Diyttcn. of his him than fhored
allies rather leaned upon
Menage from amandala, a word in low
AI.LU'RER. n.f. [from allure.] Theper- him. Wottcn.
Latin by others, from Allcmand, a Ger-
fon that allures ; enticer ; inveigler. We could hinder the acceflion of Holland to
;

France, culler as Subjects, with great immunities

man ; fuppofing that almonds come to
ALLU'RI KGL Y. adv. [from allure.] In an France from Germany.] The nut of the
for the encouragement of trade, or as an inferiour
alluring manner ; enticingly. and dependent ally under their protection. Ttmfle. almond tree, either fweet or bitter.
ALI.U'R.INGNESS. n.f. [from alluring.] Pound an almond, and
The ALMACA'KTAR. n. /. [An Arabick the clear white' colour
quality of alluring or enticing ; in- will be altered into a dirty one, and the fweet tafte
vitation
word, written variouily by various au- into an oily one. Lccie,
; temptation by propofing plea-
thors ; by D'Herbelot, altnocantar ; by
{ure. A'LMOND TREE. H. / [amygjalm, Lat.]
ALLU'SIOK. n. f. [allujio, Lat.] That others, almucantar.] circle drawn pa- A It has leaves and flowers very like thofe
rallel to the horizon. It is generally
which fpoken with reference to fome-
is
ufed in the plural, and means a feries of
of the peach tree, but the fruit is
longer
thing fuppofed to be already known, and and more comprefled ; the outer green
therefore not exprciled ; a hint : an im- parallel circles drawn through the feve- coat is thinner and drier when ripe, and
It has the particle to.
ral
degrees of the meridian. the (hell is not fo rugged. Miller,
plication.
Here are manifeft allitjiom and footlteps
of the ALM ACA'NTAR'S STAFF. n. /. An in- Liketo an almond rnv, mounted high
dift'.'lurion of the earth, as it was in the deluge, itrument commonly made of pear-tree On top of Green Sclenis, all alone,
and will be in if. laft ruin. Burmt's Theory. or box, with an arch of fifteen degrees, With bloll'oms brave bedecked daintily,
This laft allitficn gall'd the Panther more, Whofe tender locks do tremble every one,
ufed to take obfervations of the fun,
Becaufe indeed it rr,h'/'d
upon the fore.
Drydm. At every little breath that under heav'n is blown.
about the time of its riling and fetting,
iixprefiions now out of uie, tiHujiuns to cuftoms Fairj i^uem,
loft to us, and various particularities, muft needs in order to Jjnd the amplitude, and con Mark well the flow'ring o/mWi in the woo] j
continue ftveral pallages in the dark. If od'rous blooms the bearing branches load,
fequently the variation of the compafs.
L-jck<;.

Chambers. The glebe will aniw:r to the fylvan reign,

AI.LH'SIVE. adj. \_allttdo, allufum, Lat.]
Great heats will follow, and large
crops of grain.
Hinting at fomething not fully expreffed. A'LMANACK. .
f. [Derived, by fome, Dry.: n.
Where the exprefiirn in one place is plain, and
the fenfe affixed to it agreeable to the proper force
from the Arabick al, and manah, Heb. to A'l.MONDS OF THE THROAT, Or To N -
of the words, and no negative objection requires count, or compute ; by others, from al, SILS, called improperly Almoids of the
ir to depart from it ; and the exprcllion, in the
. Arabick, and ^t, a month, or p.xoe, ears, are two round glands placed on
other, is figurative or clluji-jc, and the doctrine, the courfe of the months ; by others, from the fides of the bafis of the tongue, un-
deduced from it, liable M great objections ; it is a Teutonlck original, al and maan, the der the common membrane of the fau-
rcafnnable, in this Litter place, to reftrain the ex-
tent of the figure and ailufion to a confrliency with
moon, an account of every moon, or ces ; each of them has a large oval
the firmer. Room's Samons. month : all of them are probable.] A fmus, which opens into the fauces, and
AI.LU'SI VF.LV. adv. [from al/it/iiie.] In calendar ; a book in which the revolu- in ft are a great number of lefler one?,
an allufivc manner ; by implication ; by tions of the feafons, with the return of which difcharge thcmielves through thj
feafts and fafts, is noted for the enfuing
infmuation. great finus of a mucous and llippery
The Jcv.ifh nation,
that rejected and crucifies
year. matter into the fauces, larynx, and cefo-
him, within the co,7ipafs of onr ^e:r r-iti.Ki, \\orc. it will be this isan a/mar.tck for the old
faid,
phagus, for the moiftening and lubri-
according to his p.cdicrion, deitruved b\ El all hath betn Spain hath not
rrtans, and picyed upon by thofe eagles ( M.ttt
year;
this
'.veil ;

Baron.
.

cating thofe parts. the oelb^ha- When

kingdom.
xr.iv. 18.), by which, uitufwr \ , .i:e noted itieKo- This .i:i:\>lo:;cr made his almanack give a tolcta- gus mufcle compreffes the ai-
afts, it

man armies, whoft- enfrgn w.ii the ea^lc. b'r account of the weather, by a direct inverfion mondi, and they frequently are the occa-
Hammond of the common piognolticit'.rs. fion of a fore throat. Qtiitcy.
AM.U'SIVENESS. n. f. [from Government of lie Tergal, The tonhi . / ds of the fan, an- aj'.j

The Beware the woman and (him her light,

quality of being allufivc.
too, fre.]u:nt!y fwclled in the kjr.jfs evil ; w'.ich tu-
Who in ihefe frudies docs herfeif delight mour m.iy be very well reckoned a Ipecies of it.
ALLU'VION. n.f. [ n'.L' -\: o, L.it.] ;

By whom a grr.ify ahiun:ack is borne,

The carrying of any thing to fomething
-

1 urgfry,
.
With often hand*.' g, like chaft amber worn.
elfe by the motion of the water.
A'LMOND-FU UN ACE, or A'I. M AN-FU R-
DryJtn
The have a fading almanack printed on purpjii NACE, called alfo the Swerf, is a pecu-
thing carried by water to fome-
I'll
2.
elf-.
f.ir her ufe. Drjdtn'i Spani/b Prim liark nd of furnace ufed in refining, to
tliing
lii" civil law gives the owner of land a rigfit to
A'LMANDINE. n. /. [Fr. almandina, feparate metals from cinders and other
dut incicafc which ariies frum alluvitin, which i
Ital.] A ruby coarfer and lighter than foreign fubltailCCS. '
Chamb.rt,
R,
 A L M A L O A L O
R, or A'LMER../ \eleemofy-
Til give my jewels for a fet of beads ; rine and Caballine, or horfe aloes : the
narius, Lat.] The
oiEcer of a prince, My gorgeous palace for a hermitage ;
firft is lo called from Socotora ; the fe-

or other perfon, employed in the diftri-

My gay apparel for an almsman s gown. Sbakcfp, cond, becaufe, being coarfer, it ought
A'LMUC-TREE. n.f. A tree mentioned in to be confined to the ufe of farriers. It
bution of charity.
fnme fcripture. Of its wood were made mu- is a warm and ftrong cathartick.
I
enquired for an almoner; and the general
h.is pointed out your reverence as the worthieii
fical inflruments, and it was ufed allb
ALOE'TICAL. adj. [from aloes."] Con-
Drjfiien in rails, or in a itaircafe. The Rab- of aloes.
The fifting chiefly
A;'MONRY. n. f. [from almoner.] bins generally render it coral, others It may be excited by alotticol, fcammoniate, or
place where the almoner relides, or
ebony, brazil, or pine. In the Septua acrimonious medicines. Wijeman's Surge/y.
where the alms are diiTributed.
gint it is tranflated 'wrought wood, and ALOE'TICK. a./, [froma/oes.] Any me-
ALMO'ST. ad<v. [from all and mojt ; that in the
Vulgate, Ligna Thyina. But co- dicine is fo called, which chiefly conMs
is,moft part of all. Skinner.] Nearly; ral could never anfwer the purpofes of of aloes. Quincy.
well nigh ; in the next degree to the the almugim ; the pine-tree is too ALO'FT. adv. up, Dan.
\lojfter, to lift

whole, or to univerihlity. common in Judea to be imported from Loft air, Icelandijh;

fo that aloft is, into
Who there ahi-f, whofe mind, at fome time
is
Ophir ; and the Thyinum, or citron- the air.] On high ; above ; in the air:
or t^tha', vc or ar j:r, fear or griel, has not fo
tree, much efteemed by the ancients for
1

f> fome clog, that it couli not: turn itfe'.f

a word ufed chiefly in poetry.
'.'.

to any ot'ter objeft. Lethe.

its
fragrance and beauty, came from For I have read (lories oft, m
Mauritania. By the wood almugim, or That love has wings, and (bars a lift. Suckling,
There can be no fuch thing or notion, as an al
infin'f ; there can be nothing next or fecond Upright he flood, and bore alcft h's fliield
itijt algumim, or fimply gummim, taking al
to an omnipotent God. Bir.:hy*i .SV;wc.<.
Cor.fpicuous from afar, and overlooked the field.
for a kind of article, may be underitood
At!a^ becomes unequal fo his freight, Drjden*
And alaofl faints beneath tl.s glowing weight. oily and gummy forts of wood, and par- ALO'FT. prep. Above.
ticularly the trees which produce gum The great luminary
ALMS. Saxon, elmej-, from
n. f. [in ammoniac, or gum arabick and is, ; Aloft the vulgar conftellations thick,
That from his lordly eye keep dif'ance due,
elee-m'jfyna, Lat.]
What is given gra- perhaps, the fame with the Shittim
Difpenfes light from far. Milton's Paradife Loft.
tuitoufly in relief of the poor. It has wood mentioned by Mofes. Calmet.
And the navy alfo of Hiram that brought gold A'LOGY. n. /. [aAoy-.] Unreafonable-
no fmgular. Dili.
from Ophir, brought in from Ophir great plenty of nefs ; abfurdity.
My arm'd knees, from al and
Which bow'd but in my ftirrup, bend like his almug-trefs and precious trees. i
Kings, x. 1 1 . ALO'NE. adj. \alleen, Dutch;
That hath received an a.'rKs. Skakefpeare, A'LNACAR, A'LNACER, or A'LNEGER. een, or one, that is, Jingle.]
-
beggar hath a ju(l demand of an alms n.f. [from alnage.] A
meafurer by the 1 . Without another.
from the rich man ; who is guilty of fraud, injuf- ell ; a fworn officer, whofe bufinefs for- The quarrel touchech none but us atom;
tice, and opprefilon, if he docs not afford relief ac- Betwixt ourfelves let .s decide it then.
cording to his abilities.
Swift. merly was to infpeft the affize of woollen
Jf by a mortal hand my father's throne
Sbalefp*

alms and baf- cloth, and to lix the feals appointed Could be defended, 'twas by mine alum. Drydtn.
ALMS-BASKET, n.f. [from
upon it for that purpofe but there are God, by whofe alone pjwer and converfation we
ket.] The bafltet
in which provisions are
;

now three officers belonging to the all live, and move, and have our being. Btntliy.
put to be given away. Without company
There fweepings do as well, regulation of cloth-manufaftures, the 2. ; folitary.
we fee fly a/ant, and they are but
Ac the bed order'd meal ; fearcher, meafurer, and alneger. Dt<5f. Eagles (heep.
which always herd together.
For who the relilh of thefe guefts will fit, A L HAGS. n.f. [from avlnage, or au-
Alone, for other creature in this place
&6r/y
Needs fet them but the alns-tajket of wit.
nage, Fr.] ll-meafure, or rather the Living, or lifdefs, to be found was none. Milton*
Ben Jonfon.
We'll (land up for ourpropcrties, was the be^ar'i. meafuring by the ell or yard. Di8. I never durll in darknefs be alone. Drjdtn.
fong that lived upon the almt-bajkrt.
A'LNIGHT. n.f. [from all and night.] ALO'NE. aj<v.
L' Ejlrangc'i Fables. A fervice which they call alnigbt, is a great cake i. This word feldom ufed but with the
is
of wax, with the wick in the midft j whereby it
A'LMSDEED. n.f. [from alms and deed.] word even then it be an adverb.
let, if
Cometh to pafs, that the wickfetcheth thenjurifli-
An aft of charity ; a charitable gift. roent farther off. Bacon.
It implies fometimes an ironical prohi-
This woman was full of good works, and aljr.s- bition, forbidding to help a man who i*
decdi which (he did. Acts, .x.
A'LOES. [obriK, as it is fuppofed.]
n.f.
^6. able to manage the affair himfelf.
Hard-favour'd Richard, where art thou ? A term applied to three different things.
Lee us aloae to guard Corioii,
Thou art nit here : murder
thy ahsdeea ; is
1

1. A precious wood ufed, in the Eaft, for If they fet down before 's ; 'fore they remove,
Petitioner for blood thou ne'er put'it back. Sba'rcfy.
perfumes, of which the bed fort is Bring up your army. Sb^kefyears*
A'LMS-GI VE [from alms and giver.]
R. n.f. ot higher price than gold, and was the Let you akne, cunning artificer ;

He that gives aims ; he that fupports See how his gorget peers above his gown,
moil valuable prefent given by the king
Others by his charity.
Tu tell the people in what darger he wa.
of Siam, in 1686, to the king of France. Ben Jcnftit,
He endowed many rcliji- us foundation::, and
yet
a great alms-fiver in fecret, which ftiewel
\f.
It is calledTambac, and is the heart, or z. To forbear to leave undone.
;

that his works in publick were dedicated rather to

innermoft of the aloe tree; the next His chent dole it, but he had better have let it
part,
part to which is called Calembac, which
own. for h>- loll his caufe by his Jeff. Addijon*
God's glory than his Bacon. alone;

A' MS HOUSE, n.f. [from alms zn&kottfe.]

I. is fometimes imported into Europe, and, ALO'NG. adv. \_au longue, Fr.J
A houfe devoted to the reception and 1. At length.
though of inferiour value to the Teudbet,
is much Some rowl a mighty (tone fomc laid along,
fupport of the poor ; an hofpital for the
efteemed the part next the
:
;

bark is termed, by the Portuguefe, Pao

And bound burning wires, on (pokes of
with
poor. wh"eis a c hung. Dryrim*
the clergy by tithrs, the
d'aquila, or eagle-wood ; but fome ac-
r

:
f
p'jo-,
a;,d the forting out
count the eagle-wood not the outer part
2. Through any fpace meafured length-
manifeft. Hunker. wife.
of the Tambac, but another fpscies. Our A
AnJ to relief of lazars, and weak age firebrand carried along, leaveth a train of light
Of" indigent faint fouls, pad corporal t ii, knowledge of this wood is yet very im- behind it. Bjcon't Natural Ilijtoiy*
dlmtbcufes right well fupplird. Sbchfp. perfeifl. Savory. Wierc Ufens glides afatg the lowly laodi,
Many penitents, aftsr the robbing of '.
2. dlies is a tree which grows in hot coun- Or the black water of l*nmptii:a (lands. Drydcit.
and other rapine, build an hofpital, or a-
and even in the mountains of 3. Throughout ; in the whole : with all
tries,
mins of the church, and :h ;
(polls of
and orpi' Spain. prefixed.
I'vitgi. b liomon, all a/ang in his Proverb*, gives the
neat, but void of (fate, 3. dlocs is a medicinal juice, extracted, not
titleof fool to a vs.ckcd man. Tiltolfon.
Where age and want fit fm T'ng at tii? gare. /' '
.
from the odoriferous, but the common
t
They were all akng a crofs, unti.warj I ".re .1"
MiN. n.f. [from alms and man.] aloes tree,by cutting the leaves, and ex- people.
South*
A man who lives upon alms who is ; pofing the juice that drops from them to 4. Joined with
the particle ivitb-, in com-
the fun. It is
diftinguifhcd into Socoto-
funported by charity. pany i joined with.
lyour
 A L O A L S ALT
T v>;ir commiflion will forthwith difpatch, Strangled he lies
yet Teems to cry ahuj,
!
A'I.SO. aJv. all and fo.]
And he to England (hall along with you. To w.irn the mighty, and ir.ftrucl the ur-tui; [from
1. Jn the Same manner ; Hkewife.
Sbakefftare's Hamlet. That of the great, neglecting to be juil, r
In ihe. c co, jio doubc, con:amrd the canCei
arc
Hence then ! nd Evil go ';ri thee
j'ang, 'n in a moment makes an heap of duft.
Then monarch thund'rcd
of the great dc.ug;, ac^aijing to Moic ,
as :

Thy offspring, to the pla>:c of evil, Hell. tMiltdfi. heav'n'i high thrict
according to nixcllity ; f^/r our world affords no
Religious zeal is fubjec*l to an excefs, and to t aloud,
Oiher treafuro uf wat^-r. Evrmt's Ttr ly.
defect, when fmi ".liing is mingled with it which And thrice he (hook alofc a golden cloud. Dr-f/tgti.
-it fhould not luvc; or wlwn it wants fomething ALO'W. adv. [from a and lew.] In a low 2. Alfo is fometimes nearly the fame u it i
that ought to go ahnjr -with it. S]-rat. not aloft. and, and only conjoins the members of
place ;

5. Sometimes vjitb is underftood. And now a/civ, and now aloft they fly, the fentence.
Command thy (laves my free-born foul difdains
:
As borne through air, and feem to touch the Cod dj j to me, and more alfo.
i
(ky.
A tyrant's curb, and reftive breaks the reins. i Sarnie!, x!v. 44.
Drjdtm.
TlKC this
almg; and no difputc (hall rife
A'LPHA. The
(Though mine the woman) for my ravilh'd prize.
,:.
/. firft letter in the A'LTAR. n.f. [altare, Lat. It is obfemd
Greek alphabet, anfwering to our A ; by Junius, that the word al:ar is re-
DrfJea.
6. Forward ; onward. In this fenfe it is therefore ufed to fignify the firft. ceived, with chriftianity, in all the Eu-
1 am
a![iL'j anJ ome^a, the beginning
ropean languages ; and that altare is
:\\
.derived from allons, French.
Come then, my friend, my genius, come al"r.^, ending, faith the Lord, which is, and which w,u,
and which is to come, the Al.rjighty. R
ufed by one of the Fathers, as appro-
j
Thou mafter of the poet and the fong. Pop?,
A'LPHABET. n. f.
[from Sxip, alpha, priated to the Chriftian worftiip, in op-
ALO'NCST. ad-v. [a corruption, as it
and (Sira, beta, the two firft letters of pofition to the ar<z of gentilifm.]
feems, from along.] Along; through the Greeks.] The order of the letters, 1 . The place where offerings to heaven are
the length. laid.
or elements of fpeech.
The Turks did keep ftrait watch and ward in all The godjefs of the nuptial bed,
Thou (halt not figh,
tticir ports
ahtigjt
the fea coaft. Tir'd with hsr vain devotions for the dtad,
Nnr wink, nor nod, nor kneel, nor make a fign,
Kr.oll<s's Rcfjiv'd the tainted hand (hould be repell'd,
Hijfiry cftbcTuris. But 1 of thH'e will reft an alfltabct,
ALO'OF. adv. [all off, that Wliicli incenfe offer'd, and her altar held.
is, quite off'.] And by (lill prac"tii icarn to know thy meaning. Dryd.
I. At a diilance with the particleyj-iw.
;
2. The table in Chriftian churches where
It generally implies a fmall diltance, The of the alphabet, formed by the feve-
letters thecommunion is adminiftered.
ral motions of the mouth, and the
fuch as is within view or obfervation. great variety or Her grace rofe, and, with inodeil p.u
fyllablcs compofed of letters, and formed with al- Came to the altar, where (he kneel'd, an J
Then bade the knight this la.iy jeir moft equal velocity, and the endiefs number of
('.>

And to an hill herfelf withdraw afide, Caft her fair ejcs to heav'n, aad piay'd Jcv
w.irds capable of being framed out of the
Trom whence (he might behold the battle's proof, alfbaket, Sbat
either of more fyllables, or of one, are wonderful.
And elfe be fate from danger far dcfcncd. A'LTARAGE. n. f.
[altaragium,Lzt.] Aa
Fairy S^ucea. Taught by their nurfes, little children get
emolument ariiing to the from
prieft
As next in :.
This fayirg, fuoncr than their a<:
.Came oblations, through the means of the
(ingly where he ilootl, on the bare flrand,
"While the promifcuous crowd flood yet a. VrjJ. jun. Juv. altar.
Aylife's Parergon.
Mitten's Partial? Left
To A'LPHABET. <v. a. [from alphabet, A'LTAR. -CLOTH, n.f. [from altar and
The noife approaches, though our palace (rood noun.] To range in the order of the cloth.} The cloth thrown over the altar
Jflwffran ftreets, encompafs'J with a wooJ. alphabet. ia churches.
Dyden. ALPHAS E'TICAL. \aaj. [from alphabet ; I (houid fet down the wealth,
books, hangings,
z. Applied to perfons, it often infmuates ALPH ABE'TICK. j alphabetize, Fr.] Jn and altar-dabs, which our kings gave this abbey.
caution and circumfpeftion. the order of the alphabet; according to Pcacbam on Draiui> F.
Turn on the bloody hounds with heads of ftcel, the feries of letters. To A'LTER. v. a. [alterer, Fr. from al-
An J make the cowards Hand alcifM bay. Staltff. have d:g;fted in an jlj'tabctical order, all the
I ter, Lat.]
Going northwards, atcof, ns long as they had any
doubt of b^ing purfued ; at laft, when tl>
counties, corporations, and boroughs in Great Bri- I. To change; to make otherwife than it
tain, with tlu-.r ixfpirift \v tempers.
out of reach, they turned and eroded the ocean to Sivift. i?. To alter, feems more prope?ly to
A L P H A B E' T
i c A L L v adv. [ from alpha- .

Spain. Bactn.
In an alphabetical manner; imply a change made only in fome part
The king would not, by any means, enter the betical.} cfa thing; as, to alter a writing, may
city, until he had alocf
feen the crofs fct
up upon according to the order of the letters. be, to blot, or interpolate it ; to change
the greater tower of Granada, whereby it became had once in
I
thoughts my gram- to >. >mri\e a
Chriftian ground. c.m now comprife in (h >rt hints; it, may be, to fubilitute another in its
Bacon. mar, more than I

Two pots ftood by a river, one of brafs, the and a 1

dictionary, alphabetical } containing the place. With frotfi and to ; as, her face
other of clay. The water carried them away j the wmls of the lajiguage, uh1ch%he deaf perfon is to is altered from pale to red.
earthen veflel kept alooffrom t'other. learn. HoUcr's ^Avwj.'j ' '

;i note
L'EJirange's Failcs. ALRE'ADY. adv. :[from all and ready.,] How much her gra is alter'd on the fudd/n >

The ftrong may fight alcof; Ancreus tiy'd How long her face is drawn how pale
His force too near, and by prcfuming dy'd.
At this prefent time, or at fome time ? (he looks,
And
'

of an earthly cold <

paft ; oppofeJ to futurity ; as, Will he HtxryVHI,

Dryden's Fables. Adts appropriated to the worfrrp of Gad,
come feon ? He is here already! by his
Will it
own appointment, mud continue fo, tiil himfelf
3. In a figurative fenfe, it is ufed to import
art or cunning in converfation, by which be done ? It has teen done already. ha"h otherwife declared: for who dares alttr whit
Touching our uniformity, that which hath been God hath appointed !
a man holds the principal queftion at a fi tt.
:

may ferve for anlwir.

diltance.
already anfwered,
You warn'd me ftill of loving tw >
z. To take off from a perfuafion, praciice,
;
Nor do we find him forward to be founded ; Can I love him, already lov'ng y m !
or fed.
But with a.cnfty madnefs keeps a!cef, Ir.dlan Ejnpcrcr.
For the way of writing plays in verfe, I find it
Drytkn's
When we would bring him on to fomc confcffion See, the guards, from y.m far ealtcrn hill
trojllefome and flow; but I am n >
way alt red
"Of his true Hate. from my opinion or it, at leafl w.th any realhns
Sbakeffeare's Hamlet. Already move, no longer (lay aftbrd ;
which have oppofed it.
4. It is ufed metaphorically of perfons that Hi^h in the air they wave the fiaming fword, Dryden,
wiH not be feen in a defign. Your fignal to depart. Drydt-n's State of Jnnu.-m. To A'LTER. -v. n. To become otherwife
Methods for the advancement of p ety, are in than was weather alters/raw
It is neceflary the queen join ; for, if (he ftand it ; as, the
the power of a prince, limited like ours, by a ilrift
chef, there will be (Kll (ufpicions : it being a re- bright to cktitly.
ceived opinion, that execution of the laws already in force. Swift.
(he'hajji a great intercut in the A'L T E R ABL E . from after
Mcthinks, already 1
your tears lurvey, adj. [ ; alterable,
king't favour and power.
It is applied to things not dlnady hear the horrid things they fa_, , Fr.] That which may be altered or
5. be- properly fee you a degraded to. Hi,
Already changed by fomething elfe ; diftinft
longing tp each other. And ah your honour in a whifpcr loft Pope. !
from changeable, or that which changes,
Love's not love,
Ai.s. adv. [ah, Dutch.] Alfo ; likewife:
When it it mingled with rrguds that ftand or may change itfelf.
a word now out of ufe. That
Aiocffrm til' entire point. Sbakeffeafe's K. Lear. elttrable reipcdts are realities in natur-,
S ij remembrance now the prince amoves will never be admitted by a conCdcrate difccrncr.
AI.O'UD. adv. [from a and louj.] LouJly; With frefh defire his voyage to purfue j GL:
with a ftrong voice; with a great noije. Alt Una earn'd her travel to renew. Fa^y Sgecn. Our condition in this world is mutable and un-
certain,
 ALT ALT ALT
certain, a'terMt by a thoufand accidents, which ALTE'RNATE. adj. [atternus, Lat. a continual motion, without the
altemiy and i-
we can neither forefee nor prevent. Rigtrt, ciflitude of reft,
I with they had been more clear in their direc- Being by turns; one after another; re-
tinue.
whereby all other animals con-
Brcwn'j Errourt.
Vulgar
tions upon that mighty point, Whether the fettle- ciprocal.
Friendfliip confifb properly in mutual offices
ALTHO'UGH. conj. [from all and though.
rr.ent of the fuccellion in the Houfe of Hanover
See THOUGH.]
be alterable, or no ? Swift-
and a generous ftrife in alternate acts of kind
Notwithstanding how- ;

nefj. ever it may be

A'LTERABLENESS. n.f. [from alterable.] Hear how Timotheus'
South granted ; however it
various lays furprife,
The
quality of being alterable, or ad- And bid alternate pafiions fall and rile
may be that.
!
We all know, that many things are believed,
mitting change from external caufes. While, at each change, the fan of
Lybian Jove although they be intricate, obfcure, and dark;
A'LTERABLY. adv. [from alterable.] In Now burns with glory, and than melts with love.
although they exceed the reach and capacity of our
fuch a manner as may be altered. Pope. wits; yea, although in this world they be no way
A'LTERAGE. n.f. [from a/o.] The breed- ALTE'RNATE ANGLES [in geometry" poflible to be underftood. Hooker.
are the internal
angles made by a line
Me the gold of France did not fcduce,
ing, nouriihing, or foflering of a child. I did admit it as a motive
In Ireland they put their children to fofterers : cutting two parallels, and lying on the Although
The fooner to eftect what I intended.
the rich fell, the meaner fort buying the alterant oppofite fides of the line ; the cutting The ftrefs muft be laid upon a Sbatrff.
of their children ; and the reafon is, becaufe, in one below the firft parallel, and the majority ; with-
out which the laws would be of little
the opinion of the people, foftering has always weight, al-
other above the fecond. though they be good additional lecurities.
been a ftrongcr alliance than blood. S-wift.
Sir John Daisies on Inland.
A L T E' R N A T E n. f. [ from alternate, adj. ]
. A LTIGRADE. [from altus and gra-
adj.
A'LTERANT. That That which happens alternately ; vicif- dior, Lat.] Rifing on high. Di3.
adj. [alterant, Fr.]
which has the of producing fitude.
power ALTI'LOQ^UENCE. n.f. [altus znd/ojuor,
Andraii'd in pleafure,
orrepos'd in eafe,
changes in any thing. Lat.] Highfpeech; pompous language.
Grateful alternates of fubftantial
And whether the body be alterant or altered,
blefs the
peace, ALTI'METRY. n.f. [altimetria, Lat. from
They long nocturnal influence ihed
evermore a perception precedeth
operation ; for On the crown'd goblet, and the genial bed. Prior altus and The art of taking or
clfe all bodies would be alike one to another. pir^i.]
Bacon, To ALTE'RNATE. *. a. meafuring altitudes or heights, whether
[alterno, Lat.] acceffible or inacceflible,
ALTERA'TION. n.f. [from alter; altera- 1. To perform alternately. generally per-
Thofe who, in their courfe,
formed by a quadrant.
tion, Fr.] Melodious hymns about the
fov'reign throne
ALT f SONANT.
i . The aft of altering or
changing. j a(/J.[altifoaui,Lzt.] High
Alteration, though it be from worfe to better,
Alternate all night long. Milton. ALTI'SONOUS. J founding; pompous or
hath in it inconveniencies, and thofe weighty. 2. To change one thing for another re- lofty in found.
Hwktr. ciprocally. A'LTITUDE. n.f. [altitude, Lat.]
The change made. The moft high God, in all things appertaining
2. 1 .
Height of place ;
fpace mcafured up-
unto this life, for fundry wife ends, alternate! the
Why may we not prefume, that God doth even ward.
call for fuch change or alteration, as the very difpofition of good and evil. Grew. Ten marts attach'd make not the altitude,
condition of things themfelves doth make necef- ALTERNATELY, adv. [from alternate.] Which thou haft perpendicularly, fall'n.
>
Htokir. In reciprocal fucceflion, fo that each Shakeff.
fary Some define the perpendicular altitude of the
So he, with difficulty and labour hard,
ftall be fucceeded higheft mountains to be four miles
Mov'd on : by that which it fuc- ;
others but
fifteen furlongs.
But he once part, loon after, when man fell, ceeds, as light follows darknefs, and Hrnan.
She dimes above, we know, but in what place,
Strange alteration ! Sin, and Death, amain darknefs follows light. How near the throne, and heav'n's
Following his track (fuch WM the will ofheav'n !) The princefs Mclefinda, bath'd in tears, imperial face,
And tols'd alternately with hopes and fears, By our weak optics is but vainly guefs d j
Pav'd after him a broad and beaten way. Milton. Diflance and altitude conceal the reft.
No other alteration will fatisfy; nor this neither, Would learn from you the foi tunes of her lord. Drydt*.
2. The elevation of any of the
very long, without an utter abolition of all order. Drydtn. heavenly
whom bodies above the horizon.
Sunk. Unhappy man forrow thus and rage
!

To different ills alternately engage. Even unto the latitude of

Appius Claudius admitted to the fenate the friar. fifty-two, the
efficacy
fons of thofe who had
been fiaves ; by which, The rays of light are, by fome caufe or other, thereof is not much
considerable, whether we
and fucceedingu/WJ<;-,>!!, that council degenerated confider its afcent,
alternately difpofcd to be reflected or refueled for meridian, altitude, or abode
into a moft corrupt body. above the horizon. Brown's
Swift. many viciflitudcs. f \\-wt: n. Vulgar Errours.
Has not a poet more virtues and vices within
A'LTERATIVE. adj. [from alter.'] ALTE'RNATEKESS. n.f. [from alternate.} his circle, cannot he obferve
Medicines called alterative, are fuch as
bave The quality of being alternate, or of them and their in-
fluences in their
no ^Timedtate fenfiblc operation, but gradualK oppofitions and conjunctions, in
happening in reciprocal fuccefiion. Diet. their altitude! and
cicprcflions ?
gain upon the confutation, by changing the hu- Rymer.
mours from a Itate of diftcmpcrature to health. ALTERNATION-, n.f. [from a/fcn.-af,.] 3. Situation with
regard to lower things.
They are oppofed to evacian::. The reciprocal fucceflion of things. Thofe members which are
pairs, ftand by one
'<%uinry.
When of humour in any
there is an eruption The one would be opprcfTed with conrt.mt heat, another in equal altitude, and anfwer on each
fide
not cured merely by outward applica-
it is th: other with infuficrablc cold and fo the defecJ one to another.
part, j Ray.
tions, but by fuch alttrat.'vc medicines as purity of a/tc. njiitm would utterly impugn the generation 5. Height of excellence ;
of fuperiority.
the blood. Government cf the 'Tongue, all
things. Brntun. Your altitude ofJVnds the
eyes
ALTERC A'TION. ALTERNATIVE, n. J. Of thofe who want the power to rife.
n.f. [altercation, Fr. [nlternatif, Fr. ] Stuift.
from altercor, Lat.] Debate ; contro- The choice given of two things; fo that 5. Height of degree ; highelt point.
if one be rejected, the other muft be He aid it to pleafe his mother, and to be
verfy ; wrangle. partly
taken. proud ; which he is, even to the altitude of his
By this hot purfuit of lower controversies
amongft men protefling religion, and agreeirg in A ftrange a/imiat'rve
the principal foundations thereof, they conceive Mud ladies have a doctor, or a dance ?
ALTI VOLANT, adj. [///Wa/, Staktfrar,.
Lat. from
Toung.
hope, that, about the higher principles thcmfelvcs, ALTERNATIVELY, adv. [from alterna- altus and volo.] High Difi.
flying.
time will cJufe tiltei fatten to grow. Hsxktr.
tive.] In alternate manner; by turns; ALTOGETHER, adv. [from all and to-
Their whole life was little clfc than a perpetual
reciprocally. gether. ]
v rangling and altercation ; and that, many times,
rather for victory and oftrr.tation of wit, than a
An appeal alternately made may be tolerated
i.
Completely ; without reftriftion ; with-
fober and ferious fearch of truth. by the civil law as valid.
Parcrg n.
Ayliffe's
out exception.
Haleviil! en Prvutdmte. ALTE'RNATIVENESS. n.f. [from alter-
It is in vain to fpeak ef
planting laws, and
native.] The quality or
till the
!',
adj. [alternut, Lat.] Afting by Hate of being plotting policy, people be altogether fub-
du d
! ; , Sfenfir', State of Ire'and.
turns, in fucceflion each to the other. alternative ;
reciprocation. Ditl. We find not in the
world any
And God made two great lights, great for their ALTI'RNITY. people that hath
ufe
n.f. [from altern.] Reci- lived
altogether without religion. He,ik cr .
fucceflion turn If death and
procal ; viciflitude danger are things that really can-
To man ;
the greater to have rule by day,
mutual change of one
; ;
not be endured, no man could ever be
The thing for another obliged
lefs by night, alttrn. Mil/in. ;
to luftcr for his
confcience, or to die for his re .
reciprocation.
AI.TE'RNACY. n.f. [from alternate.] Ac- ligion ; it being altogether as abfurd to imj
e ne
They imagine, that an animal of the vaftcft a man
i

tion performed by turns. and bngtft duration, fhould obliged to fuft'er, as to do ijnpoflibilitje s .
dimewfioi.i, live in
VOL. I.
K
 A M A M A A MA
t do not tfogrtt-- of the manner of Came th*r., my f >ul: 1 call thte by that rme, flower, fuppofed, according to its name,
I am
inrrrweaving texts of fcripturc through the ftyif Th m buty thing, from whence I know :
never to tade.
of Y rj ur fermon. t<ir knowing that 1 am, 1 kr.a'.v thru it; Immortal caarantb I a flower which once
2. in This is ra- Since that muit needs cxid, which can impart. In parndjfc,
Conjunftly ;
company. Frier.
('ail
by the tree o:

ther all togttbtr. Bejan to bloom but foon, fi.r man's offence,
;

C*x.fu"or Sdnxrfet, join you wirh mr, AM ABI'LITV. n. f. [from amabilis, Lat.] To heav'n remov'd, where liiit it grew, there
And alioferbtr with the duke ot' Suffolk, Lovelinefs ;
the power of pleafing. growr,
We'h quickly hoift duke Humphry from his feat. No ruies can make .. s and And flow'rs aloft, (hading the front of life j

appreheiifions make that ;

and Ib is our felicity. And where rhe ruer of tiiifs, thro' midft of
Sbaktipfatt.
heav'n,
.fLUDIL. n.f. [from a and lutum ; that Taylor.
' AMADETTQ. n. f. A fort of pear [See li o'er Elynan flow'rs her amber dream :

i.1, /.-iff."] With thele, that never fade, the fpirits cleft
5'(inner, from
J
j1itt, ..-h are lu! ufed in chemiiri-y, PEAR] fo called, fays Bind their rtfplendent lockf, inwj.-.i'h'd with
wUhout bottoms, snd fitted into one another, n.s the name of him who cultivated it.
beams. Mitlox's faradl:
many as there pcc.ifr:n
the bottom of the fu:nace
i
for,
is
without luting.
a pot that h
At JM4DOT. n. f. A fort of pear. [See AMAH A'NTHINE. adj. \_amaranthinus,
matter tcyte fu'j'ip..cd ;
a.id at the top is 4 head, PEAR.] Lat.] Relating to amaranths; coniirtinjj
to retain the fl wers that rife up. S^ir.cy.
AM A'I ft.aJv. [from maine, ormaier.e,
old of amaranths.
A'LUM. *./. [alumen, Lat.] Fr. derived from magnas, Lat.] With By the ftrcams that ever fl .w,
A kind of mineral fait, of an acid tide, leaving vehemence ; with vig.rur ; fiercely ; vio- By the fragrant winds that blow
in the mouth a
fcnfe of fweetncf;, accompanied O'er the Eiyfiau liow'rs
lently. It isufed of any action per- ',

with 3 coniiderable degree of aitringeney. The By thofe happy fouls that dwell
formed with precipitation, whether ei
In yellow meads of afphodel,
ancient naturalists allow of two forts of alum, natu-
ral and .factitious. The natural is found in the fear or courage, or of any violent ef- Or amaranthine bow'rs. ftft.
ifland of Milo, being a kind of whitifli (lone, very fort. AMA'RITUDE. n. f. [amar:tsdo, Lat.]
li-hr, friable, and porous, and ftreaked with fila- Great lords, from Ireland I come amair., am Bhternefs.
ments relcmbling filver. England, Italy, and To fignify that rebels there
are up. Ska What amaritudc or crimony is dejrehended ia
Flanders, are the countries where alum is princi- What ! when we fle ! imam, pu; lu'd, and Aruck ch. acquires from a commixture of melan-
l.-r, it

pally produced ; and the Engliih rocke-ulum is With heav'n's afHlcYmg thunder, and befcught or external malign bodies.
choly,
made from a b'u'ih mineral ftone, in the hills of The deep to Ihclcer u> Mi!t(.n.
.'

Uarviy en Caifiaiptimt,
Yorkmire and Lancafliiic. The hills, to their fupply, AM A'RULBNCE. n.f. \amarituiio, Lat.]
Saiciarixc tltin is a comp jfition of common Vapour and exhalation, dulk and mo.lt, Bitternefs. Dia.
e'utn,with rofe-water and whites of eggs boiled ,o- Ser.t up email:. Afi/t'-n.

gether, to the confidence of a paite, and thus

v
From hence the bor was roos d, and iprung AMA'SMENT. n.f. [from amafs.~\ Aheap;
moulded at pleafure. As it cools, it grows hard as amain, an accumulation ; a collection.
a Rant. Like light'ning fudden, on the warriour tr.iin, What is now, is but an amojmtnt of inv
Burnt alum is alum calcined over the fire. Beats dvwn tl:e trees before h'.m, (hakes the
conceptions, prejudices, ungrounded
.

Plumofe or pjume afvm is a fort of faline mineral ground ;

,.ipoftures.
ftonc, of various colours, moft commonly whi^-, The forclt echoes to the crackling found,
around.
bordering on green ; it rifes in threads or fibres, Shout the fierce youth, and clamours ring To AMA'SS. v. a. \amajjer, Fr.]
rcfembling thofe of a feather j whence its name Drydfn.
1. To collect together in one heap or mafs.
from plvma, a feather. Cbam^tri. AMA'LGAM. 7 . /. and ya^.r,.]
[fy The rich man is not blamed, as having made
By long beating the white of an egg with a AMA'LGAMA. \ The mixture of metals ufc of any un. awful means
'

lump of alum, you may bring it, for the mot) AMAL-
part, into white curd;. Bylt. procured by amalgamation. See having thriven by fraud and injullice.
ALUM STONE, A ftone or calx uled GAMATION. :>ry's
Scrmtt'l.
n.f. When we would think of intiniLe ipace, or du-
The in.luratitm of the amalgam appears to pro-
in forgery perhaps ; alum calcined, texture rcfuiting from the coa- ration, we, at firtt very ufcally make fome
fiom the m-.v
c:c.l l:ep,
which then becomes corrofive. lition of the mingled ingredients, that make up the large idea, as perhaps of millions of ages, or
She gargled with oxycrate, and was in a few Boyle.
miles, which p.'tiibly we dauble and multiply
amalgam. feveial times. All that we^thus amafi together
days cured, by touching it with the vitriol and
alum fanes.
To AMA'LGAMATE. f. a. [from amal- in our thoughts, is p.>fiiive, and the aiTcmblage
Wifcmjn,
gam.'] To unite metals with quickfilvcr, of a number ot' ideas of fpace or
ALU'MINOUS. [from alum."] Relating
adj.
great pofitive
which may be practifed upon all me- duration.
to alum, or confuting of alum.
tals, except iron and copper. The uie 2. In a figurative fenfe, to add one thing
Nor do we reafonably conclude, bccaufe, by a
<old and c.'uminrtis moifture, it is able awhile to of this operation is, to make the me- to another, generally with (bine ihare
the fire, that, from a peculiarity of nature, tal loft and ductile. Gold is, by this of reproach, either of eageriiels or in-
and iiveth in it. discrimination.
it fubfifteth iY&Ti-fl.
method, drawn over other materials by
The tumour may have other mixture with it, Such as ar.aj's all relations, muft err in fome,
the gilders.
to make it of a vitriolic or alumimus nature. and be unbelievcd in many, ^r&'uvj'i Vul. Errcurs,
Wj/tffiflw'i Surgery.
AM ALG A M A'TION. n. f.
[from amalga- Do not content yourfclves with mere word?, left
A'LWAYS. ad-ii. (bmetimes written is mate.'} The act or practice of amalga-
your improvements only amafs a heap of ir
[It
al-uiay, compounded of all and ivay ; mating metals. ligible phrnfes.
// <:tiCs
Impr, of the Mir.i-i.
is themixirg of mercury with any i:feof Homr- ..iiuer, by amain
Amal^amatiiii
eallepxja, Sax. tuttavia, Ital.] of the merals. The manner is thus in golj, th; of all the traditions -,d Uiiils the writers couJJ
1. Perpetually; throughout all time: op reit are anfweraUe Take fix ports of mercury,
: meet with, ia order to tell a rlixy of him to the

pofed \ojomclime, or to never. mix them hot in a crucible, and piur them to o.".e

That, which fometimc is expedient, doth not pJTrt of gnM

made red hot in another cruobte
:
;
It.r
AMA'SS. n.f. [aaas, Fr.] An aJTemblage ;
to continue. thefe well that m-r.
always tb-.-y an accumulation.
Man never is, but always to be bleft. faft. mala into cold water, and walh it. Bacbn.
This but a medley or amifs of a!l the
pillar is
2. Conftantly ; without variation: oppofed AMANDA'TION. n./. [ from anan.ic, Lat.] precedent ornaments, makii.'g a new kind by

tofomftiines, or to now and then.

The aft of fending on a meliage, or Health.

He is always great, when fome great occafum employment.

To AMA'TE. v. a. [from a and male.] See
[Lnt.] A perfon
is prefented tn him. Drydrn. JMMfU&JfSIS. n. f. MATE.]
A. M. ftands for arllum magijler, or maf- who writes what another dictates. 1. To accompany; to entertain as a com-
ter the fecond degree of our
of arts A'MARANTH. n.f. \_nmarnnth:ts, Lat. from It is now obsolete.
; panion.
univerfities, which, in fome foreign a. and The name of a plant. A lovely bevy cf f -;r h-ies l

,/a ?-at>w.] Courted of many .1

lour,
countries, is called doctor of philoiophy.
Among the many fpecics, the moft ilch did them in moJeft wife an:,-!.-,
AM. The firft perfon of the verb lt> be. beautiful are, I. The tree amaranth. And each one fought his lady to aerate.
[See To BE.] 2. The pendulous amaranth, with
long Fairy S^uon.
And God faid unto Mofes, I am that I am To terrify ; to ftrike with horrour.
:
reddifh coloured feeds, commonly called 2, In
and he faid, thus fhalt thou fay uuto the children
Loiie lies a bleeding. this fcnfc, it is derived from the old
it Ifracl, I am hath font me unto yo.
2. In poetry, it is fometi:ncs an imaginary French matter, to crafli or fubdue.
xcdus, iii. 14.
4 AMATO'R-
 A M A A M B A M B
AJlo.i'/h'J ftood, as one th.it hij efpyM K?ata> ; and others from am for art,
A insignificant lover
little ; a pretender Infernal furies, with their chains unty'd. and baffis, /Mi
1
,
as fuppofmg the aft of
Fairy ^tjfea.
to arFeftion. Difl. But look ! amjx,rr.ent on thy mother Hts; fending an amb.ifTadour, to be in fome
A'MATORV. O an ad pf fubmiffion. All thefe de-
adj. [amaton'us, Lat.] Rela- between her and her fighting foul :
lore
ftep
ting to love ; caufing love. Conceit in weakcft bodies ilmngcit v. rivations lead to write ambajfadour , not
It !

rig whether one raviihjacretia \tjfurt. cnt'-aj/adoui-.] A perfon fent in a public

rcr, as Tarquin, or L; amatvy potions not 2. Extreme dejection. manner from one fovereign power to an-
cnly her, but nece.Tuate her to fi;'>
allur? He ended, and his words impreffion left
other, and fuppofed to reprefent the
luft, and incline her effectually, and drjw her in- Of much anaxtmcnt to th' infernal crew,
evitab'y, to follow him fpon^aneufl v. Diffracted and lurpris'd with deep difmay power from which he is fent. The per-
Brnmbam again/} Hobbes. At theie fad lid: Milton. fon of an ambafTadour is inviolable.
4Ms*URO'SIS. n.f. [&ltavSSfl .']A dimnefs 3. Height of admiration. Ambaffiidour is, in popular language,
of from any vifible defeft in
fight, not Had you, fome ages pair, thia race of glory the general name of a meilengcr from
the eye, bat from fome diftemperature Run, with amazement we ih >nlJ read your ftory ;
a fovereign power, and fometiines, lu,-
But living virtue, all alchieiemcnts part,
ofth: inner parts, occafioning the re-
Meets en\y Hill to grapple with at laft. H^//fr. dicrouily, from common perfons. In
prefentationa of flies and duft floating Aftonifhment ; wonder at an unexpeft- the juridical and formal language, it
4.
before the eyes which appearances are :
ed event. fignifies particularly a minifter of the
the parts of the retina hid and com- higheft rank reading in another country,
They knew that it was ht which fat for alms at
prefTed by the blood-veflels being too the Beautiful Gate of the temple, and they were and is diftinguifhed from an envoy, who
much diltended ; fo that, in many of v.ith wonder and amcz,tm<r.t at that which is of lei's dignity.
and therefore ppenej unto him. A8s. Gi\e admittance to
parts, all fenfe
its is loft, nrlt th' amboffadours*

no images can be painted upon them ; A M A'Z INC. partitipial adj. [

from amaze .] Shakefpeare.
Wonderful Rais'd by thefe hopes, I fent no news before,
whereby the eyc^, continually rolling
;
altonifhing.
It an aH:az,\ng thing to lee the prefent dofola-
is Nor alk'd your leave, nor did your faith implore ;
round, many parts of objedts falling tion of Italy, wiien one coniiJcrs what incredible But come without a pledge, my own ambajjadtur.
fucceifively upon them, are obfcure. The multitudes it abounded with during the reigns of Dryden.
cure of this depends upon a removal of the Raman AA&fo*. Oft have their black tunbajjadcun appeared
emperours.
AMA'ZINCLY. To L laden with gifts, a id flll'd the courts of Zama.
-

the ftagnations in the extremities of eui-v. [from amazing.]

a degree that Addifon.
thofe arteries which run over the bottom may excite ailonilhment
*
;
AMBASSADRESS, n.f. \ambaffadrhe, Fr.]
of the eye. Quincy. wonderfully. 1. The
lady of an ambaffadour.
To AMA'ZE. -v. a.
[from a and maze,
If we arife to the world of
fpirits, our know-
2. In ludicrous language, a woman fent
ledge of them muft be amazingly imperfect, whe.i
perplexity.] there is not the leaft grain of land but has too many on a meffage.
1. To confufe with terrour. difficulties belonging to it for thewifeft philofopher We!!, my ambajfadnfi
Yea, I will make many people amazed at thee, toanfwer. H^aiis's Logick. Come you t? menace wjr, and loud defiance ?
and their kings (hall be horribly afraid for thee,
when 1 /hall brandid my fword before them, and
AMAZON, n.f. [a. and p*?*.] The A-
Or does the peaceful olive grace your brow ?
nwzons were a race of women famous RmtK,
{hall tremble at every moment j every man
they A'MBASSAGE. n.f. [from ambaffaJour.]
for his own life in th- day of the fall. Extkiil. for valour, who inhabited Caucafus ;

To An embafly the bufinefs of an ambaf-

they are fo called from their cutting oft'
;
2. put into confufion with wonder.
and with fadour.
Go, heav'nly pair, your dazzling their breads, to ufe their
weapons better. Maximilian entertained them with dilatory an-
ilriues, A warlike woman ; a virago. fwers ; fo as the formal part of their arttbaj/age might
courage, truth, your innocence and love,
Stiy, ftay thy hands, thou art an atnazin, well warrant their further ftay. Bacon.
dr-jzf and charm mankin 1. Smith. And nghteft with the fword.
3. To put into perplexity.
Kbakefyearr,
A'MBER. n.f. [from ambar, Arab, whence
That cann >t choofc but amaze him. If he be AMBA'GES. n.f. [Lat.] circuit of A the lower writers formed ambar :.]
1
not amazed , he will he mocked j if he be words ; a
circumlocutory form of fpeech ; A
yellow tranfparent fubftance of a gummous
.

he will every way be mocked. Skm a

multiplicity of words ; an indirect or bituminous confidence, but a refinous tafte,
AMA'ZE. n.f. [from the verb avtaze^] A- manner of expreffion. and a fmeil like oil of turpentine; chiefly found

ftoniflimeut in the Baltick fca, along the emails of Pruffia.

; confufion, either of fear ^Thc; g.ue ihofe complex idjasname?, that they
or wonder.- eafily recr rd and cilfcourfe ot
Some naturalifts refer it to the vegetable, othera
things they w^re daily convtrhint in, witiiout lon^ to the mineral, and fome" even to the animal king-
hofenamein arms thro' Europe rings,
l dom. Pliny dctcribes a rcfinous juice, oozing
it as
:.l.s all mo'jthi with envy or with an:,
jgcj and circumlocutions ; ami that the tiling .

praifc, from aged piiKS and and dilch.irg^d thence

And ail her jealous monarchs with amazt, givf and receive inform i-
i firs,

ime the Trojan cuts his wat'ry way, tion about, might be the eafierand quickci into the lea. He adds, that it was hence the an-
ftood. l.;clc. pivc it the denomin.itio.1 of juccinum, from,
Fii'dh' vnyige, through the curling fea ;
0:1

'Then catting bjck his ryes, w th dire ai. AMP. A'OIOUS. Some have imagined it a concretion
[fmtn anAartf.] Cir- jutcus, juice.
:

adj. of tiie tears of birds tlic urine of a b^-aft ;

n I'unick ; others,
perplexed ; tedious. Di3.
ti.e Ihori: the mounting blaze.
cumlocutory ;
otliers, the fcum of the lake
ephitis, near the I

Dryder.. AMBASSA'DE. n.f. {amlmjjade , Fr.] Em- Atlantic!; ; others, a congelation formei in the
AMA'ZEHLY. aJa. [from amazfd.^ Con. character or bufinefs of an am-
bafly ; Baltick, and in forne fouiudins, where it is found
with amazement with confu-
fuft;dly ; ; baifador a word not now in ufe.
: fwimming like pitch. Others fuppofc it u bitumen
fion. When you difgraccd me in my ambajfedt, trickling into the ft-a from fubterraneous fourcts ;
ak amazidly, and it becomes Then b.ir this opinion is alfo difcardcd, as good amber
1
degraded you from being king. Siateff.
.ind my mcd'age. having been found in digging at a conliderable Jif-
Scf'i thu t
SiaKtfpeart* AMBA'SSADOUR. n.f. \aniafadtur,
Fr. tance frjm the lea, as that gathered on the coaft.
'itnazejlj
Comi', fi'lrrs, cbeer we UD his fprights. emiaxaJor, Span. It is written diffe- :.'ave ranks it with camphire, which is. aeon*
Sbatcff.
AMA'ZEDNESS. n.f. [from amazed.} The rently, as it is
fuppofed to come from
cre:e oil of aromatic plants, elaborated by heat into

the French or Spamih a cryftjlline form. Within fome pieces of amber

ftate of bsing amazed; alkmifhruent language ; and
; have been found loaves anJ infects include;! ;
wonder conf jfion. the Original derivation
; being uncertain, which fecmi to indlcue, either th t the amttrwts
I v js by at the opening of the farthrl, I.eard it not eafy to (ettle its
i.-.
ftute, or thai, having been ex-
in a
orthography. ..'ly
fltii.1
the old (hephcrd deliver the manner Some derive it from the Hebrew -laa, p fed to the fun, it was fjftcncJ, and rendered
i

ion, after a little amaztdntjt, we were of the leaves and infect*. Amber t when
to tell, and Itfao, a
nmnJed out of the chamber. mffingcr; others from fufceptiblc
v:; or attracts bodies to it, and,, by
tihaktjp.
AMA'ZEMENT. ambatfus, which, in the old Gaulifti,
n.f. {from amaze.} brought to yield light pr.'tty copioufly
;>, is

I. Such a confufed apprehenfion as does fignified a fer--vant ; whence ambafcia, in the dark. Some d'Hlinguifli amber into yellow,
in low Latin, is found to white, broA'.n, and black: but the two latter ar
not leave reafon its full force ; extreme figiiifyylr-w/V*,
fe.ir horrour.
and ambajciator, a fcr--vant ; others de- fupp'.fed to be of a different nature
and dcnornina-
;
duce it from ambacbt, in old Teutonic!?, ti ,n the one called j.'t t the other anberffrh,
;
1 1 a .i .: r'd no-iht nt all but adding new
; v. Chambers. .

'.rft ama7,,n- ,^ ft fignilying a government, and Junius Liquid amber \: a kiml of native b,,lia.Ti'>r veGnj
With (lony eye, and hcirtlefs hollow hue, mentions a pollibility of its delceat from Rke turpentine ; clear, reJdiih, or yellowilh ; of a
K. 2 plcafju^
 A M B A M B A M B
It flow: This Th' ttr.bigueus god, who rul'd her la'o'rmg brea.1,
f'eafant fnv-fl, klmoft like i.-nbergris. either fide, in party difputes. In thefe mylterious words his mind expreft ;
from an made in the bark of a Ane large
incifion
fenfe is ludicrous.
tree in New Spain, called by the natives ofafcJ.
Some truths reveal'd, in tetrm involv'd the reft.

Chambers. AMBIDEXTE'RITY. n.f. [from ambi- Drydcx,

Silence at length the gay Antinoui broke,
If light penetrateth any clear body, that is co- dexter,]
Conilrain'd a (mile, and thus ambiguous ipuke.
loured, as pointed glafs, ambtr, water, and the . The quality of being able equally to
like, it gives the light the colour of its medium. Pope.
ufe both hands.
Peacban. AMBI'GUOUSLY. adv. [from ambiguous.]
No interwoven reeds a garland mad>, ;. Double dealing. In an ambiguous manner ; doubtfully ;
To hide his brows within the vulgar lhade ; AMBIDE'XTROUS. [from ambidexter.
adj. uncertainly ; with double meaning.
But pjplar wreathes around his temples Iprcad,
And tears of amber trickled down his head.
Lat.] AMBI'GUOUSNESS. n.f. [from ambiguous.]
.
Having, with equal facility, the
ufe of The quality of being ambiguous un- ;
AUifn.
either hand.
The fpoils of elephants the roofs inlay, certainty of meaning ; duplicity of fig.
And ftudded amber darts a golden ray. P.pe . Others, not confidcring ambidextrous and left- nification.
A'MBER. adj. Confifting of amber. handed men, do totally fubmit unto the efficacy
of the liver. Brown. AMBI'LOCY. n.f. [from ainbo, Lat. and
With (cart's, and fans, and double charge of Talk of ambiguous or doubtful
brav'ry,
2. Double dealing ; praftifing on both *t>y<&-.]

With an.ttr bracelets, beads, and all this fides. fignificatign. Dicl.
knav'ry.
Sbaltffcarc. /Elop condemns the double practices of trim- AMBI'LOO^UOUS. adj. [from ambo and lo-

A'MBER-DRINK. n.f. Drink of the colour

mers, and all falfe, (huffling, and ambidextrous quor, Lat.] Ufmg ambiguous and doubi.-
of amber, or refembling amber in co- dealings. L'Efircir.ge. i ul expreffions. Di3.
AMBIDE'XTROUSNESS. n.f. [from ambi-
lour and tranfparency. AMBI'LOCJJU v. n.f. \ambiloquium, Lat.]
dextrous.} The quality of being
ambi- The uie of doubtful and indeterminate
All your clear amber-drink is flat. Bacon.
dextrous. Di3,
A'MBERCRIS. n.f. [from amber and gris, expreffions ; difcourfe of doubtful mean-
or grey ; that is, grey amber.~\ A'MBIENT. adj.\ambiens, Lat.] Sur- ing. Diet.
A
fragrant drug, that melts almoft like wax, rounding ; encompaffing
; invefting. A'MBIT. n.f. [ambitus, Lat.] The com-
commonly of a greyifh or alh colour, ufed both as a This which yields or nils
Milton.
pafs or circuit of any thing ; the line
perfume and a cordial. Some imagine it to be the All (pace, the ambient air wide interfus'd.
that encompafles any thing.
excrement of a bird, which, being melted by the The thicknefs of a plate requifite to produce any
The tu(k of a wild boar winds atlout almoft into
heat of the fun, and walhed off the (hereby the colour, depends only on the denfity of the plate,
a perfect ring or hoop ; only it is i little writhen.
waves, is fwallowed by whales, who return it back and not on that of the amUiat medium.
In meafuring by the ambit, ic is long or round about
in the condition we find it. Others conclude it to ffeuma'i Ofticls.
a foot and two inches ; its baJis an inch over.
te the excrement of a cetaceous nih, becaufe fome- Around him dance the rofy hours,
Grt-'w's Mujtrum,
times found in the inteftines of fuch animals. But And damafking the ground with rl.w'rs,
we have no inftance of any excrement capable of With ambient fvveets perfume the morn. AMBI'TION. n.f. [amiitio, Lat. the defire
melting like wax ; and if it were the excrement of a Fentotl to Lord Gnuer. of fomething higher than is polfefled at
whale, it (hould rather be found where thefe ani- Illuftrious virtues, who by turns have role
prefent.]
mals abound, as about Greenland. Others take it With happy laws her empire to fuftain, i. The defire of preferment or honour.
for a kind of wax or gum, which diftils from trees, And with full pow'r all'ert her ambient main. Who would think, without having fuch a mind
and drops into the fea, where it congeals. Many Prior.
as Antiphilus, that fo great goodnefs could not
of the orientals imagine it fprings out of the fea, as The is too liquid and empty, to
ambient aether
have bound gratefulnefs ? and fo high advancement
naphtha does out of fome fountains. Others aflert impel horizontally with that prodigious celerity. not have fatisfied his amb'.ti'.n ? Sidn,y,
it to be a vegetable production, ifluing out of the Bmtley.
z. The defire of any thing great or excel-
[French.] An entertain-
root of a tree, whofe roots always moot towards the d'MBIGU. n.f. lent.
fea, and difcharge themfelves into it. Others
maintain, that ambergris is made from the honey-
ment, confifting not of regular courfes, The qukk'ntng power would be, and fo would reft j
tombs, which fall into the fea from the rocks,
but of a medley of difhes fet on toge- The fenfe would not be only, but be well I

where the bees had formed their nefts; feveralper- ther. But wit's ambii'.dn long^th to the beft,
fons having feen pieces that were half ambergris, When your time, and fervants few,
ftraitcn'd in For it dclircs in endlcfs blifs to dwell. Davits,
and half plain honey-comb; arid others have found You'd richly then
compofe an amligu ; Urge them, while their fouls
large pieces of ambergris, in which, when broke, Where firft and fecond courfe, and your defert, Are capable of this atr.titim ;
honey-comb, and honey too, were found in the All in one (ingle table have their part. Left zeal, now melted by the windy breath
middle. Neumann abfolutely denies it to be an King's Art of Cookery. Of foft petitions, pity, and rcmoriV,
animal fubftance, as not yielding, in the analyfis, Cool and conceal again to what it was.
AMBIOU'ITY. n.f. [from ambiguous.] Sbalrrff}.
any one animal principle* He concludes it to be a with
It is ufed to before a verb, and cf
bitumen ilTuing out of the earth into the fea ; at
Doubtfulnefs of meaning ; uncertainty 3.
before a noun.
4rlt of a vifcous confiftence, but hardening, by its of fignification ; double meaning.
1 had a very early ambition to recommend myfelf
mixture with fome liquid naphtha, into the form in With ambiguities they often entangle thcmfelves,
to your Lordmip's patronage.
which we find it. Trwoux. Chambers. not marking what doth agree to the word of God Addifon.
There was an ambition of w\t, and an affectation,
Bermudas wall'd with rocks, w!io does not know in itfclf, and what in regard of outward accidents.
of gayety. fife's frefact to bis Letters,
That happy iiland, where huge lemons grow, ttodur,
Where We can clear
thefe ambiguities, AMBI'TIOUS. adj. \_ambitiofus, Lat.]
(liming pearl, coral, and many a pound,
On the rich more, of ambergris is found ? Waller And know their fpring, their head, their true defcent. i. Seized or tou'.hed with ambition ; de-
AMBER refembles Shakefpearc. firous of advancement ; eager of ho-
SEED, or mujk feed, The words are of (ingle fignification, withou
of a bitterilh tafle, and brought
is
nours ; afpiring. It has the particle of
millet, any ambigu.ty ; and therefore I Jhall net trouble you
before the object of ambition, if a noun ;
dry from Martinico and Egypt. by {training for an interpretation, where there ii
Chambers. no difficulty; or diltincYion, whde there is no dif- to, if exprefled by a verb.
ference. Soutb We iecm ambitious God's whole work t' undo.
AMBER TREE. n.f. [frutex Africanu' am-
AMBI'GUOUS. j9fcMb
iramjf<irans..] A ftirub, whofe beauty is
adj. [ambiguus, Lat.] The
ne'ghb'ring monarchs, by thy beauty led,
in its fmall leaves, whicl
I . Doubtful ; having two meanings ; o:
Contend in crowds, ambitious cf thy bed :

evergreen uncertain fignification. The world is ;it thy choice, except but one,
grow as clofe as heath,
and, being But what have been thy anfwers, what but dark Except but him thou canft not choofe alone.
bruifed between the fingers, emit a very
Ambiguous, and with daubtful fenle deluding ? Dtyitm,
fragrant odour. Miller Milton Youhave been pleafcd not to fuffer an old man
AMBIDEXTER, n.f. [Lat.] Some expreffions in the covenant were atniiguuis to go difcontented out of the world, for w*,it of"
and were left fo ; becaufe the perfons who framcc
1. A man who has equally the ufe of botl
that protection, of which he had been fo long am-
them were not all of one mind. Clarendon bitKUS. DrydfH.
his hands.
Trajan, a prince ambitious of glory, deu
Rodiginus, undertaking to give a reafon ofan:bi
z. Applied to perfons ufing doubtful ex to themouths of the Tigris and Euphrates, anj
and left-handed men, dclivcieth a thir It is applied to expreflions
dexttrs, preffions. went upon the ocean, where, feeing a vet;'.
opinion. Brcnun or thole that ufe them, not to a dubiou
, ing to the Indies, he had thoughts of outdoing
2. A man who is equal-ly ready to a& on or fufpended ftate of mind. Alexander. Aitutkna a: Cii.;.
2. Eager
 A M B A M B A M E
numerable diftempers, in among th e
a. to grow bigger afpiring. 2. The name of a plant. lie tmlufcade
Eager ;
It has male rfculous flowers, produced on fcpa-
difbes. MtUfiM.
1 have (een fl

Th' ambition ocean fwell, and rage, and foam, rate parts of the fume plant from the fruit, having AMBUSCA'DO. n. f. \_embcfcada, Span.]
To be exalted with the Oucat'nir.g clouds. no vifible petals ; the fruit which fucceeds the fe- A private poft, in order to furprife an
Sbakefftan. male flowers, is fliaped like a club, and is prickly,
enemy.
containing one oblong feed in each. Sometimes (he driveth o'er a foldicr's neck,
AMBi'TiousLY.mfo. [from ambitious.] In The fpecies are, I. The marine or fea sr-.brofa. And then he dreams of cutting foreign throats,
an ambitious manner ; with eagernefs I. Taller unfavoury fea ambrofa. j. The tilleft
Of breathes, ambufiadoit, Spanilh blades,
of advancement or preference. Canada embrofa. Ml! :cr. Of" healths five fathom deep.
With fuch glad hjjrts did our defpairing men AMBRO'SIAL. Par- Khakcff, Romeo and Juliit,
adj. [from ambrofia."}
appearance of the prince's
S Jute th' fleet ;
taking of the nature or qualities of am- A'MBUSH. n.f. [ambufche, Fr. from boh,
And each .itr.L i:\::fy would claim the ken,
brofia delicious deleft - a wood whence embufchtr, to hide in
That with firft eyes did diliant fafety meet. ; fragrant ; ; ;

Dryder.. able. woods, ambumes being commonly laid

Here Flecknoe, as a place to fame well known, Thus while God fpake, amkr'Jial fragrance fill'd under the concealment of thick forefts.]
s4iKk:'i:i<jll defign'd his Sh 's throne. Drydin. All heaven, and in the blelTed Ipirits cleft 1. The poft where foldiers or aflaffins are
Senfe of new joy ineffable diffus'd. MUt'-r..
AMBI'TIOUSNESS. n.f. [from ambitious.'}
The gifts of heaven my following fong purfuc., placed, in order to fall unexpectedly
The quality of being ambitious.
Aerial honey and ambrnfial dews. Drydcr,. upon an enemy.
A'MBITUDE. n.f. \ambio, Lat.] Com- To fartheft ihoies th' Th: vefidue retired deceitfully towards the place
ambnjial fpirit Hies,
circuit circumference. Dili. Sweet to the world, and grateful to the flties. of their ambufn, whence ifi'ued more. Then the
;
pafs ;
earl maintained the fight. But the enemy, in-
Tt A'MBLE. v. n. [ambler, Fr. ambulo, Pufe.
A'MBRY. n. f. word corrupted from tending to draw the Englifh further into their
[a
Lat.] ambufi, turned away at an eafy pace* Hayicard*
1 . To move upon an amble. See AMBLE. almcnry.~\ Charge", charge, their ground the faint Taxal-
It good, on fome occafions,
is to enjoy as much 1. The place where the almoner lives, or lans yield,
of the prelent, as will not endanger our futurity ; where alms are diftributed. Bold in clofe ambujb, bafe in open field.
and to provide ourl'elves of the virtuofo's faJJle, 2. The place where plate, and utenfils for Dr^dcn'i Indian Emperor,
which will be fure to amble, when the world is The of furprifmg another, by ly-
aft
houfekeeping, are kept ; alfo a cup- 2.
upon the hardeft trot. Drydtn.
in wait, or lodging in a fecret port.
board for keeping cold viftuals a word :
ing
2. To move eafily, without hard (hocks,
ftill ufed in the northern counties, and
Nor (hall we need,
or (halting. With dangerous expedition, to invade
in Scotland.
Who amtlei time withal ? A rich man that Heav'n, whofe high walls fear no afi'ault or fiegr,
hath not the gout ; for he lives merrily, becaufe AMBS ACE. n. f. [from ambo, Lat. and Or ambvjh from the Jeep. Milton's Paradifc Loft,
he feels no pain ; knowing no burthen of heavy act.] A double ace ; fo called when 3. The ftate of being ported privately, in
tedious penury : him time omllts withal.
two dice turn up the ace. order to furprife ; the ftate of lying in
Sbakejfeare''s jtfsjou like it.
I had rather be in this choice, than throw
wait.
3. In
a ludicrous fenfe, to move with fub- arr.bi ace for my life.

miffion, and by direction ; as a horfe StaliLff.'jre'i jtU't

-will ttat tads well. 4. Perhaps the perfons placed in private
This will be yet clearer, by confidering his own llations.
that ambles ufes a gait not natural.
ir.ftance of cafting amtn ace, though it partake For you, my noble lord of Lancaster,
A laughing, toying, wheedling, whimpering (he,
more of contingency than of" freedom. Once did I lay an ambujb for your life.
Suppofing
Shall make him aabte on a goflip's meflage,
the poliuire of the party's hand who did throw Staktff. Richard II.
And take the diftafr'with a hand as patient,
the dice, fuppofing the figure rf the table, and of
As e'er d'd Hercules. Rciue's Jane Sbcre,
the dice themfelvcs, fufpofirg the meafurc of
A'MBUSHED. adj. [from ambujb.] Placed
4. To walk daintily and aScftedly. foice applied, and fu[ pofing all other things which
in ambufli ; lying in wait.
I am rudely ftampt, and want love's majefty, did concur to the production of that calt, to be
Thick as the fliadrs, there ilTue fwarming bands
To ftrut before a wanton emelmg nymph. the very fame thry were, there is no doubt but
Of ambujli'd men, whom, by their arms and drefs,
Shaktffearr. in this cafe the cart is
To be Taxallan enemies I guefs.
necelijry.
A'MBLE. n.f. [from fo amble.,] A pace Bramb^m agairjl tiobbci.
Diydenl Indian Empercr.
or movement in which the horfe re- AMBUI. A'TION, n.f. A'MBUSHMENT. n.f. [from ambujb; which
[ambulatio, Lat.]
on one fide as, on Ambufti furprife : a word now
moves both his legs ; The aft of walking. fee.] ;

From not ufcd.

the far fide, he removes his fore and the occult and invifible motion of the
muitlc in more ofrenfivc laf-
Like as a wily fox, that having fpied
hinder leg of the (ame fide at one time, , (ration, proceed
Where on a funny bank the lambs do
fitudes than from embulation. play,
whilft the legs on the near fide (land Full clofcly creeping by the hinder fide,
Bro'wn'i Vulgar Erroun.
ftill ; and, when the far
legs are upon A'MBULATORY.
Lies in
ambujhmcnt of his hoped prey. Spcrrfer*
adj. \an-.lulo, Lat.]
'the ground, the near fide removes the AMBU'ST. adj. \ambuftus, Lat.] Burnt;
1. That which has the power or faculty
'/ere leg and hinder leg, and the legs fcalded. Diti.
of walking.
on the far fide ftand ftill. An amble is The gradient, or ambulatory, are fuch as re- AMBU'STJON. n.f. [ambuftio, Lat.] A
the firft pace of young colts, but when quire fome bafis, or bottom, to uphold them in
burn ; a fcald.
they have ftrength to trot, they quit it. A'MEL. n.f. [email, Fr.] The matter
their motions luch were thofe ("elf-moving fla-
:

There is no amble in the manage ; mes, which, unlefs violently detained, would or with which the variegated works are
themfelves run away. jyilkinft Math. Mdg
riding-mafters allow only of walk, trot, overlaid, which we call enamelled.
and gallop. A horfe may be put from 2. That which happens during a paflage The of glafs melted with calcined
materials

a trot to a gallop without flopping ; or walk. tin, corr.pole an undiaphanous body. This white
He was fent to conduce hither the princcfs, of amel is the bafis of all thofe fine concretes that
but he cannot be put from an amble to
whom his majefty had an ambulatory view in his goldfmiths and artificers employ in the curious
a gallop without a ftop, which inter- travels. Wotton. art of enamelling. Boyle on Colours,
rupts the juftnefs of the manage. 3. Moveable; as, an ambulatory court; a AM&N. adv. [a word of which the ori-
Farrier's Difi. court which removes from place to place ginal has given rife to many conjectures.
A'viBLER.n.y; [from To amble.'} A horfe for the exercife of its jurifdiftion. Scaliger writes, that it is Arabick ; n-.d
that has been taught to amble ; a A'MBURY. bloody wart on any
n.f. A the Rabbies make it the compound of
pacer. part of a horfe's body. the initials of three words, fignifying
A'M B L N c LY.aJv. [from ambling.'} With
i
AMBUSCA'DE. n.f. \embufcade, Fr. See the Lord is a faithful king ; but the word
an ambling movement.
AMBUSH.] A
private ftation in which feems merely Hebrew, [D, which, with
AMBRVSIA. n.f. [a^oo-Ia.] men lie to furprife others ; ambufli. a long train of derivatives, fignifies firm-
I . The imaginary food of the gods, from Then waving high her torch, the fignal made, nefs, certainty, fidelity.] A term ufed
which every thing eminently pleafing Which rous'd the Grecians from their ambufcade* in devotions, by which, at the end of a
to the fmell or tafte- is called am- Drydcn end
When I behold a faAionable table fet out, i prayer, we mean, ft be it ; at the

fancy that gouU, fever:, and lethargies, with in- of a creed, fa it is.
8 One
 A M E A M E A M I
On erieJ, God Mcfs us !
nd, Amer. ! th- Behold ! and plague, tribulation ind
famine They mail amerce him
an hundred fliekcl. of
in
other, angMiiri, are funt a> fcourges for amendment. filver, and give them unto the father of the dam-
As they had iit?n me with thefe hangman's hands. 2 Efdras, xvi. 19. fel, becaufe he hath brought up an evil name
upon
J.iftening th-ir rear, I could not fay Amen, Though a fcrious purpofe of amirdir.ir.t, and a virgin of Ifrael. Deut. xxii. 19.
When they did fay Cod blefs us. Siakefp. Mack. true afts of contrition, before the habit,
may be Sometimes it is ufed, in imitation of
3.
Bleffed be the Lord God of Ifrael, from evcr- accept:;! by God ; yet there is no fure judgment
Amtn and
the Greek conftrudion, with the par-
lafting and to cverlafling, amen. whether this purpofe be fcrious, or thefc acts
true aits of contrition. ticle of.
Pfalm xli. 13.
AME'NABLB. Hammond"! Prtfiical Millions of fpiriti, for his fault amerced
[amrfaahle, Fr. amencr
adj. Cattcbifm.
of health. 0/"hrav'n, and from eternal fplendour; flung
gite/qu'un, in the French courts, figni- 3. Recovery revolt.
Your honour's For^his Milton.
oblige one to appear to aufwer
fies, to ;>1 -ycrs hearing your amendment,
AVIH'RCER.
Are come to play a pleafant comfdy. .'> n.f. [from amerce.] He that
a charge exhibited againft
him.] Re- AME'NDMENT. fets a fine upon any mifdemeanour ; he
be liable1 [emenJatio, Lat.] It
n.f.
fponfible ; fubject fo as to to th.it decrees or inflifts
fignifies, in law, the correction of an any pecuniary
enquiries or accounts. errour committed in a procefs, and punifhment or forfeiture,
Again, becauic ir fort were loofe
A ME'R CEMENT. In./, [from UK,
and poor, and not 0m^Ka< '-' tn ths law, he pro- cfpied before or after judgment ; and
vided, by anorher act, the bdt and fometiims after the party's feeidng ad- AME'RCI AMEKT. j The pecuniary
pu-
eldeft perfons of every lept, (hwucd
bring in ali l'ic niHiment of an offender, who Hands at
idle pcrfons of their t'urname, to be
vantage by the errour. Blouxt.
ju Viied by ihc AME'N DER. The the mercy of the king, or other lord in
law. Sir John Dai:i t : in Ifelar.d. n.f. [from amend.] per-
fon that amends any thing. his court. Ccv.-tll.
A'MEKAGE. 7 "/ [They feem to come
AME'NDS. All amercements and fines that fliall be
VM E NANCE. J from amener, Fr.] Con- n.f. [amende, Fr. from which (hall come unto
irnpoftd
upon them, themfelves.
duft
itfeems to be accidentally corrupted.]
; behaviour ; mien : words dif- Spc*fer'i State of InlarJ.
ufed. Rccompence ; compensation ; atone- AMES ACE. n.f. [a corruption of the word
For he to ufe in all allays, ment. ambs
is fit
which appears, from very old
ace,
Whether for arms and warlike airitnatice, have too aufterely punifii'd you,
If I

Or el!e for wife and civil governance. Your compenfation makes amends. Sbakffffare. authorities, to have been early foftened
Sfcrjtr,
Well kend him fo far fpace, Of the amends recovered, little or nothing re- by omitting the .] Two aces on two
Th' turns to thofe that h:id fuff:red the wrong, but dice.
enchanter, by hh arms and amenanee,
When under him he faw his Lybian fteed to commonly all runs into the prince's cof!e;-s. But then my ftudy xvas to cog the dice,
prance. Fairy >ueen. Ralflgh's EJJays. And dext'roufly to throw the lucky fice :
To AME'ND. a.
Then I, a pris'ner chain'd, fcarce freely draw To Ihun amis ace, that fwept my (take.,
-v. \amender, Fr. emendo, The away ;
airimprifon'd alfo, clofe and damp, And watch the box, for I'ear they Inould
Lat.] Unwholefome draught convey
but here 1 feel amends,
To correft to change any
; Falle bones, and put
upon me in the play.
I .
;
thing that The breath of heav'n freth blowing,
pure and /Jry.-lVr.
is wrong to
fomething better, f\ve.;t, A MESS. n.f. [corrupted from
amice.] A
z. To reform the life, or leave wicked- With day-fpring born ; here leave me to rcfpire.
M,!KK. prieft's veftment. Difl.
nefs. In thefe two cafes we AMETHO'DICAI.. adj.
ufually Some little hopes I have yet remaining, that I [from a and me-
write mend. See MEND. may znake the world fome part of amends for thod.} Out of .method ; without method ;
Amend<JO\IT ways and your doings, and I will many ill plays, by an heroick poem. Di-ydw. irregular.
<eufe you to dwell in this place. It our fouls be
Jtrcm. vii. 3. immortal, this makes abundant A'METHYST.
3. To reflore paflages in writers, which amends and compenfation for the frailties of life, n.f. [au/SiT', contrary
the copiers are and furr'crings of this ftate. to wine, or contrary to drunkennefs ;
fuppofed to have de- It a ftrong
Tlihtfai.
fo called, either becaufe it is not
ij
argument for retribution here-
praved ; to recover the true quite
reading. after, that virtuous perf.ms arc very often unfor- of the colour of wine, or becaafe it was
TAME'ND. i>. n. To grow better. To tunate, and vicious perfons profperous ; which
imagined to prevent
amend differs from
to improve ; to im- repugnant to the nature of a Being, who ap-
inebriation.]
is
Aprecious (lone of a violet colour, bordering on
prove fuppofes or not denies that the pears infinitely wife an;l good in all his vvorki ;
The oriental wtlyjl is the hardtrit,
unlefs we may fuppofe th.it fuch a promilcuous purple.
thing is well already, but to amend im- fcarcc-fl, anO moft rateable ; it is ge:i.-;aily of a
diflribution, whicli was neccflary f^r carvynig on dove colour, c are
purple, and others
l

plies fomething wrong. the defi^ns of providence in this lit';, wiil be rec-
white like the diamond. The C
As my fortune either amends or impairs, I nv.; tiijed and made amends for in another.
vio- ,i

declare it unto you. SpeRatir. let colour, and the Spanilh are of three forts the
;
SiJay. AME'NITY.
At his touch n.f. \amenite, Fr. antceititas, beft are the'blackf.i .-rjare
Such Pleafantuefs ; agreeablenefs of almoft quite \ tared with
fanrtity hath Heaven given his hand, Lat.]
They prcOntly amend. Stake/f. Machetb. fituation. i, but
AMFWDE.n.f. [French.] This word, in of Babylon was fuch at firir as in
lx the fituation
, raid.
French, fignifics a fine, by which recom- the days of Herodotus, it was -a feat of
a>r.smtj E fhines
and pleafurc. apprcach-d 'h -nna;c coi-
t

pence is fuppofed to be made for the ion; and U-\eiMl nearly u-i.
fault committed. We ufe, in a
AMENTA'CEOUS. adj. [nmental:n, Lat.]
cognate ;u3rtf.

fignification, the word amends. Hanging as by a thread. A'METHYST [in heraldry] fignifies the
The pine tree hath jmer.tacc'jus flowers or kat-
AME'NDMENT. n.f. [amende/item, Fr.] kins. Miller.
fame colour i;i a nobleman's coat, that
1. A change from bad for the better. To AME'RCE. -v. a. [amirder, Fr. o^Sa?.- furfure does in a gentleman's.
Before it was prefcnted on the ftage, fome
fj.lt cipifffi,
feems to give the ori- AME THV'STINE. adj. [from amctbyjl.}
things in it have your approbation and
(t*a>

amendment.
paiTed
ginal.] Refembling an amethyll in colour.
Man is always msn ding and altering hh works;
Dryd, i:.
To A kind of ametbyjiine flint, not
compofed of
I. punifh with a pecuniary penalty ; one entire mad')' ftone.
but nature obferves the fame tcnour, bccaufe hci cryftals or grains, but
to exaft a fine ; to inflict a forfeiture.
works are fo per/eft, that there is no place for It is a word originally juridical, but A'MIABLE.
tmmimatt ; neching that can be reprehended. adj. [aimaMe, Fr.]
Rtiy fin the Creation. adopted by other writers, and is ufed by I. Lovely; pleafing.
There arc many natural defects in the under- Spenfer of puniihments in general. That which is good in the actions of men, doth
Aanding, capable of j:nifndn:cnt, which are" over- Where every one that mifieih tnen her make, not only delight as profitable, but as amiable alfo
looked and wholly negltcled. Lttkt. Shall be by him amcrc'd with penance due.
2. Reformation of life. She told her, while fne kept it,
Spenftr.
Our Lord and Saviour was of But I'll amerce you with fo ftrong a fine, 'Twould nrike her amiable, fubdue
opinion, that my father
That you (hall all repent the lofs of mine. Entirely to her love but if /he loft it,
they which would not be drawn to amendment of ;
Or made a gift of it, my istlicr's
litv, by the tcftimony which Mofes and the Sbakefpcarc. eye
pro- Should hold her loathed.
All the fuitors were considerably amerced ;
phets have given, concerning the miferies that yet Slakiff. Otldia.
this proved but an incileclual
follow ftnners after death, were not
likely to be remedy for thole 2.
Pretending love ; mewing love.
mifchiefs. Hale.
perfoaded by other means, although God from the Lay amiatle fiege to the honelty of this Ford's
deau'fljould'hare raifcd them up preachers.
z. Sometimes with th particle in before
wife ;
ufe your art of
wooing. Sbakeffeari.
the fine. A'MI ABLENESS.
tinker.
n.f. [fna smiatle.] The
quality
 A M I A M ! A M M
c r being amiable; lovelinefs ;
Amsta's bread the fury thus invades, A'MITY. ./. \amitie, Fr. amicitia, Lat.]
quality And fires with rage amid the fylvan (hades. whether publick between
love. Friendfhip,
pc-,'- -ng Ofjin. 'v.-ar ; or
uural gaiety nnd av.iablctufi of
.
nations, oppofed to among ths
3. Amongft conjoined with.
people, oppofed to difccrd; or between
;
-^ars ofT, they have notl.
What tho* no real voice nor found
to ". I
them, but tie by among the lumber private perlbns.
Amid their radiant orts be found ?
nnj f th' fpectei. Addij'.n. Tlio prophet David did think, that the very
In reafon's ear they all
rejoice,
A'MIAG.Y. aai/. [from. -nmiatls .~\
In an meeting of men together, ana their accompanying
And utter forth a glorious voice,
amiat.'.e manner ; ia fuch
a manner as For evti- (inging, as they (line, one another to the houfe of God, (hould iiiake
" The hand that made us is divine." y.
the bund of their love insoluble, and tie them
to excite love.
in a league of inviolable amity. Hooker.
A'MICABLE. adj. [amicatilii, Lat.] AMI'SS. aw. [from a, which, in this form The monarchy of Great Britain was in league
ufed of composition, often fignifies according
Friendly ; kind. It is commonly and amity with all the world.
of more than one ; as, they live in an to, and mife, the Englifh particle, which Sir Jtbn Damn on Ireland.

amicable manner ; but we feldom fay, (hews any thing, like the Greek va.^., You have a noble and a true conceit .

Of godlike amity which appears moft ftror.gly

an amicable aftion, or an amicable man, to be wrong, as, to mifcount, to count
j

In bearing thus the abfence of your lord. Skakefp*

though it be fo ufed in this paffage. erroneoufly ; to mifiio, to commit a And ye, oh Tyrians, wich immortal hate
grace ferene oh virtue heav'nly fair,
I
cr'iie: amij's therefore fignifies net right, Purfue this racs, this fervice dedicate
Divine oblivion of low-thoughted care !
or out of order.] To my deplored afhes ;
let there be
Freih blooming hope, gay daughter of the Sty !
'Twixt us and them no league nor an:ity, Dixbuvi.
And faith, our early immortality !
1. Faulty ; criminal. AMMO'NIAC. a, /. The name of a
Enter each mild, each amicablt gueft ;
For that which thou haft fworn to do amfi,
Receive and wrap me in eternal icrt. Is yet arr.ifs,
when it is truly done. 'drug.
Pcff.
Sbate'f. K'uigjcbr..
GUM AMMONIAC is brought from the Eafr, In-
A'MICABLENESS. n.f. [from amicable.} 2. dies, and furpofed to ooze from an umljcliifer-
is
Faultily ; criminally.
The quality of being amicable; friend- We hope therefore to reform ourftlves, if at ous phut. Diol'corides lays, it is the juice nf a
kind of ferula growing in Barbary, and the plant fs
linefs ; goodwill. any time we have done amift, is not to fever our-
ad=v. [from amicable.} In an felves from the church we were of before. Heater,
called I'liny calls the tree metofion t
A'MICABLY. agafyllis*
O which, he lays, grows near the Temple of Jupiter
amicable manner ; in a friendly way ye powers that fearch
;
The heart of Ammon, whence the gum takes its name. Ic
man, and weigh his inmofr. thoughts,
with goodwill and concord. If' 1 have done it not ou^ht to be in dry drops, white within, yellowilh,
amlfi, impute !

They fee
without, eafily fufible, refmous, fomewhat bitter,
dun mift,
in blooming beauty frefli,
the 3. In an ill fenfe. and of a very (harp taflc and fomewhat like
Through i'mell,
Two waikt She figh'd withal, they conftru'd all amifs, This gum is faid to have fcrved the an-
lovely ;outhl, that amictbly garlick.
O'er verdant meads, and pleas'd, perhapr, revolv'd And thought (he wilh'd to kill who long'd kit's. M cients forincenle, in their facrifices.
Anna's late conquelts. PfUift. Fairfax. Sat/aiy, Trcvoux.
1 found my
fubjech amicall) join 4. Wrong ; improper ; unfit. SAL AMMONIAC is a volatile fait of two kinds, an-
To lelfen their cefecls, by citing mine. Fr'-.r.
Examples have not generally the force of laws, cient and modern. The ancient fort, defcribed
In Holland itfelr", where it is pretended that which all men ought to keep, but of counfcls by Pliny and Diofcorides, was a native fait, gene-
the variety of fec^s live fo amically together, it is to be followed by rated in thofe large inns where the crowds of pil-
only ar.d pt'rluafions, not au:'iji
notorious how
a tuibulent partv, joining v
them, whnfe cafe is the like. Hooker. grims, coming from the temple of Jupiter Ammoo,
Arminiar.s, did attempt to de(t:oy the rep Methinks, though a man had all fciencc, and ul'ed to lodge ; who travelling upon camels, and
'Ts Church ?f England Man, all principles, yet it mi^ht not be amifs '.o havj thofe creatures in Cyrene, where that celebrated
A'MICE. n.f. [amiftus, Lat. amifl, Fr. fome conscience. Tillatfon, temple flood, mining in the (tables, or in the
Pnmum ex/ex indumentii efi/cofn fref- & 5. Wrong; not according to the perfec- parched fands, out of this urine, which is remark-
communibus funt, amiftuv alia, ably (trong, arofe a kind of fait, denominated fome-
byteriis tion of the thing, whatever it be. tinv/s from the temple, Ammoniac, and fometin.es
cingulum,ftola,mampulut, fluneia. Du IS Your kindred is nut much amifs, 'tis true ; from the country, No m>TC of this falc
Cyrtttiac.
Yet am fumewhit better born than you.
Cange. slimclus quo collum Jiringitur,
1
Dryd. is produced theiej and, from this deficiency, (bine
\ buiit a wall, and when the malons played the
^ pelius iutcricris bo- fufpeft there never was any fuch thing : but tliis
tegitur, cajiita'.em
kna.ei, nothing delighted me fn ch n m i

futpicion is removed, by the large quantities of jt

minis dtfignat enim cor, ne <vani-
:
by, while my fervants threw down what was ami/:.
ttgit
fal', nearly of the fame nature, thrown out by
talei cogiiet ; jtringit autem collum, nt inde mount /litna.
Swift.
ad linguam tranfeai m ,:dacium. Bruno.] 6. Reproachful irreverent. ;
The modern fal ammoniac is made in Egypt j

The firft or underraoft part of a prieil's L, i, and language, which wheie long-necked with loot,
glals bottles, filled
and the urine of cattle, and hav-
fprak any thing amijs a^ainft the God of Sha-
a little fea'
habit, over which he wears the alb. fall,

'Ihus pals'd the _:

fair drach, Mclhich, ar.J Abednego, lhall be cut in ing their mouths luted with a piece of wet cotton,
lhall be made a are placed over an oven or furnace, in a thick bed
Came lor.h < amice grey. piece-, an'! dunghill;
Milt, becaufe there is no other God that can of alhcs, nothing but the necks appearing, and

On fome a pried, fuccinft in amice white, afler this furt. Damdr iii. 29. kept there two cays and a night, with a conti-
nual flrong fire. The fleam fwells up die cotton,
Attends. Popt. 7. Impaired in health; as, I was fome- and forms a pafte at the vent-hole, hindering the
AMI'D. 1 prep, [from a and mid, or what amifs yelterday, but am well to- faitjfrom evaporating ; which Hick to the top of
AMI'DST. J mifij}.} day. the bottle, and aie tak.cn out in thofe large cakes,
i. In the mid ft ; equally diilant from 8. Amifs is marked as an adverb,
though wh'idi chf-y fend to England. Only foot exhaled
either extremity. itcannot always be adverbially render- from dung, U the proper ingredient in this pre-
Of and the dung of camels allbrds the
the fruit ed ; becaufe it always follows the fub- paration ;
Of e:/n tr in the garden we may ftantive to which it relates, contrary to
ihongelt.
if thi fm r tice a-
Our chymifts imitate ihe Egyptian fal ammoniac,
the nature of adjcclives in Englilh ; by adding one part of common fait to five of
,rden, Gc-d hath la;,!, ye lhall not cat.
Milton. and though we fay the afbion was amij's, urine ; with which fome mix that quantity of
The two the and Donatelii's we never fay an amij's aft ion. foot, and putting the whole in a vellcl, they r.iifu
p--'-, bagnio,
duke, the four (laves, from it, by fublimation, a white, friable, farina-
.
ar.i.lji
9. dmifs is ufed by Sbakcjpeare as a noun
noble fights. ceous fubliance, which they call_/^/ amaicKuu,
chained to his j/c-cllai, are very
fubitantive. Chamber i,
.
AtUifm.
To my lick foul, as fin's true nature is,
Z. Mingled with; furrounded by ; in the
Each
AMMONI'ACAL. adj. [from ammoniac.]
toy feems piologue to fome great amife.
ambit of another thing. Hamlet. Having the properties of ammoniac fait.
irh wo- my voice - Human blood calcined, yields no fixed fait ;
I

AMI'SSION. n.f. [amifia, Lat.] Lofs.

And, but bewitch'J, wha ^ hii flock would moan > nor is it a fal ammoniac ; for that remains im-
To AMI'T. <v. a. \araitto, Lat.] To lofe :
mutable after repeated diftillations; and dilrilla-
Sidn:j
i:d the air encountfr'd fi a word little in ufe. tion deltroys the ammvniafa/ quality of animal
I ,
.
n;id fro with jjcjlarinn dire. Milter.. ke is water congealed by the frigidity of the falti, and turns them alkaline : fo that it is a
v
ave I dvn;-, to name that wealthy fwain, air, whereby it acquirctli no new form, but rather fait neither
quite fixed, nor quite volatile, nor
// n;y cryltal dreams I
bring, a confidence or determination of its dirfiucncy, quite acid, nor quite alkaTnc, nor quite atnmom-
; blaft my flow'ry fpiing. and amitutii not iu eflince, but condition of flui- acal ; but foft and benign, approaching neareft to

Drjin, dity, Brovjn'i Vulgar Errcurt, the nature offal ammoniac, Arhuttm
AMMU-
 A M O A M O AMP
AMMUNI'TION. n.f. [fuppofed by fome I have then, as you fee, obferved the failings provlfion for them, ifter the lw
were devlfed and put in ufe by princes.
to come from
amonitio, which, in the
of great wits amsitgfl the moderns, who
many
have attempted to write an epic poem. Dryden. Ayliffe'i Parergon Jura Canonici.
barbarous ages, feems to have fignified There were, among the olJ Roman (lutues, To AMO'RTIZE. [amortir, Fr.] To -v. a.
fupply of provifion ; but it furely may feveral of Venus in different pofturej and habits ; alien lands or tenements to any
be more reafonably derived from mu- made corpo-
as there are many particular figures of her
after the fame defign. ration, guild, or fraternity, and their
tiitio, fortification ; chafes a munition, Addijon.
fucccflbrs which cannot be done with-
;
things for the fortrefles.] Military A'MORIST. n.f. [from amour.] An ina-
out licence of the king, and the lord of
fores. morato ; a gallant ; a man profeffing the manour. Blount,
They muft make themfelves defenfible againft love. This did concern the kingdom, to have farms
ftringers and muft have the afiiftance of fome
; Female beauties are as fickle in their faces as fufikient to maintain an able body out of penury,
ble military man, and convenient arms and their minds ; though cafuaitics ihould fparc them, and to amortize part of the lands unto the
ammunition for their defence. Bacon. yeo-
age brings in a neceffity of decay ; leaving dotcr:- manry, or middle part of the people. Zfarcff.
The
colonel (laid to put in the ammunition he
upon red and white perplexed by incertainty To AMO'VE. <v. a.
brought with him ; which was only twelve bar- both of the continuance of their miftrefs's kind- [amo-vec, Lat.]
rels of powder, and twelve hundred weight of
nefs, and her beauty, both which are neceflary to
. To remove from a poll or Ration : a
match. Clarendon. the amorifl's joys and quiet. juridical fenfe.
Boyle.
All the rich mines of learning ranfackt are,
To furnifli ammunition for this war. Dtnbatn.
JMORO'SO. n. f. [Ital.] A mart ena- z. To remove ; to move ; to alter : a
But now his (lores of ammunition fpent, moured. fenfe now
out of ufe.
His naked valour is his only guard : A'MOROUS. Therewith, amoved trom his fober mood,
adj. [amorofo, Ital.] And liveshe yet, faid he, that wrought this afl
Rare thunders are from his dumb cannon fent, ?
I . In love ; enamoured ; with the par- And do the heavens afford him vital food ?
And folitary guns are fcarcely heard. Dryden.
AMMUNITION BREAD,
ticle
of before the thing loved ; in Fairy <$uieit.
n.f. Bread for At her fo piteous cry wai much amov'et
the fupply of the armies or Sbaktjpeart, on.
Sure amcnus Her champion ftout.
garrifons. my brother is on Hero; and hath Fairy S^uctn.
A'MNESTY. n.f [iumr'm.] An aft of withdrawn her father to break with him about it. To AMO'UNT. <v. n. [monttr, Fr.]
oblivion ; an aft by which crimes a- Sbakefptare. I. To rife to in the accumulative
quan-
The
am'rous mafter own'd her potent eyes,
gainft the government, to a certain tity ; to compofe in the whole ; with
Sigh'd when he look'd, and trembled as he drew ;
time, are fo obliterated, that they can Each flowing line confinn'd his firft furprize,
the particle to. It is ufed of feveral
never be brought into charge. And as the piece advanc'd, the paflion grew. fums in quantities added together.
I never read of a law cnafted to take Let us compute a little more
away the Prior. particularly how
force of all laws, by which a man may fafely much this will amount to, or how
many oceans
commit upon the lad of June, what he would
2. Naturally inclined to love ;
difpofed to of water would be neceflary to compole this
fondnefsfond. great
;
infallibly be hanged for, if he committed it on ocean rowling in the air, without bounds or banks.
the of July j by which the greateft criminals
firft Apes, as foon as '.hey have brought forth their BurneCs Theory.
may efcape, provided they continue long enough young, keep their ryes raftencd on them, and are
never weary of admiring their beauty; fo amorous
z. It is ufed, figuratively, of the confe-
5n power to anriquate their crimes, and, by
is nature
o^whatfoever flie produces. quence rifing from any thing taken al-
ftifling them awhile, deceive the legiflature into
an amrejly.
Swift.
DryJtn's Dufrefmy. together.
The errours of young men are the ruin of bufi-
AMNI'COLIST. n.f. [amnicola, Lat.] In- 3. Relating, or belonging to love.
nefs but the errours of aged men amount but to
I that am not flnp'd for fportivc tricks, i

habiting near a river. Dicl.

Nor made to court an amorous looking-giafr, this, that more might have been done, or fooner.
AMNI'CBNOUS. n.f. \amnigcnus, Lat.] am rudely ftampt. ,
I, that Siateff. Rich. III.
Born of a river. Difl. And into all things from her air infpir'd Judgments that are made on the wrong fide of
the d.nger, cmount to no more than an afteftatica
jfMNION. 7 a. f. [Lat. perhaps from The fpirit of love, and amorous delight. Miltcn.
of (kill, withou; either credit or effect.
4'MNIOS. J ,.] In the amorous net
The innermoft membrane with which the fcttus
Firft caught theylik'd; and each his liking chofe. L'Eftrange.
in the womb mod Mdfjn. AMO'UNT. n.f. [from To amount.] The
is
immediately covered, anc O
with which the reft of the lecundines, the cho-
! how I long my carelefs limbs to lay fum total ; the refult of feveral fums or
Under the plantane's (hade, and all the day
rion, and ajantois, are ejefled after birth. It is quantities accumulated.
whiter and thinner than the chorion. It alfo con- With anirous airs my fancy entertain, And n>w, ye lying vanities of life,
tains nutritious humour, feparate-i by glands for
Invoke the mufes, and improve
my vein ! Waller Where are you now, and what is your amount f
that purpofe, with which the fcctus is preserved. It A'MOROUSLY.</<V. [from amorous.] Fond- Vexation, di (appointment, and rcmorfe. Ttcmftm.
U outwardly cloathed with the urinary membrane AMO'UR.
and the chori >n, which fometimes (lick fo clofc to ly ; lovingly. n.f. [amour? Fr. amor, Lat.] An
When thou wilt fwim in that live-bath, affair of gallantry ; an
intrigue : gene-
one another, that they can fcarce be feparated. J
Each fim, which every channel hath,
has alfo its vefi'els from the fame origin as the cho-
Will amortujly to thee fwim,
rally ufed of vitious love. The ou
founds like oo in poor.
Gladder to catch thee, than thou him. Donnr.
^MO-MUM, n.f. [Lat.] A
fort of fru'n?' No man is of fo general and difFufive a lufr, as
The commentators on Pliny and Diofcoiidcs fup-
A'MOROUSNESS. n. f.
amorous.} [from to profccute his amours all the world over; and

pofc it to be a fruit different from ours. The mo- The quality of being amo r ous ; fond- let itburn never fo outragcoufly, yrt the impure
dern anvmum appears to be theyf/cn of the ancients flame will either die of itfelf, or confumc the
neis ; lovingnefs ; love. body
or bajlard flone-parjlcy. It refembles the mufca that harbours it. Sutti.
All Gynccis's aclions were interpreted by Bafi-
grape. This fruit is brought from the Ball In- The reltlcfs youth fe.irch'd all the world around}
lius, as proceeding from jealoufy of his amorouf- But how can Jove in his amours be found ?
dies, and makes part of treacle. It is of a hot
i;/i. Sidney
fpicy tafte and fmcll. Trrvoux. Ctamitis Lindamor h.is wit, and amcrwfntfs enough tc AAKJL*.
AMO'NC. Ifref. [amans.jemanj, Sax- make him find it more eafy to defend fair ladies,
A'MPER. n.f. [amppe, Sax.] A tumour,
AMO'NGST. than to defend himlelf againll them. with inflammation ; bile : a word faid,
J on.]
I. Mingled with; placed with other per-
Boyle on Colours by Skinner, to be much in ufe in EfTex ;
fons or things on every fide. MfO'RT. adv. \a la mart, Fr.] In the but, perhaps, not found in books.

Amon^p flrawberrics fow here and there fome Hate of the dead; dejefted ; deprefled ; AMPHI'BIOUS. adj. [in<p, and /Si..]
borage-lecd ;
and you (hall find the ftrawb^rric
fpiritlefs. l. That which partakes of two natures, fo
under thofe leaves far more large than their fel How fares my Kate ? what, fweet'mg, all amort t as to live in two elements ; as, in air
lows. Baton Sbiik fp. 7 anting of the Shrew
The voice of God
and water.
they he 3rd, AMOR TI7. A'T ION. la./, A creature of antfhithui nature,
Now walking in the garden, by foft winds [amort ijftment,
AMO'RTIZEMENT.J amort ijjable, Fr. Onhnd a bcift, a filh in water. Iludihrai.
Brought to their ears, while day dcclin'd :
they Thffe
heard, The right or aft of transferring lands amfbitiait, which live ficely
ate c.-illcd

in the air, upon th- earth, and

And from yet arc obferved to
his prefence hid themfelves, jnrrtr to mortmain ; that is, to fome commu-
The thickeft trcis, both man and wifj. Mi/to*
live ling u,]>orj water, as ir
they were natur.il in-
nity, that never is to ceafe. habitants of that clement; t.iough it be worth
*. Conjoined with others, fo as to mak Every one of the religious orders w.is confirmci the examination to know, whether any of thofe
pan of the number. by one pope or other; and thev made an elpecia creatures that live at cafe, and by choke, a good
while.
 AMP AMP AMP
wViiir, er j any time, upon the earth,
ean live, a behold fpectacles, as ftage-plays, or i. Enlargement; extenfion.
Ions time together, perfeftly under water. Locii. The theatres of the an- z. It is ufually taken in a rhetorical fenfe,
gladiators.
Fifiies contain much oil, and amfkilbu: animals cients were built in the form of a femi- and implies exaggerated reprefentation,
partitipate fomewhat
of the nature of fifties, md
strbutknt. circle, only exceeding a juft femicircie or diffufc narrative ; an image height-
are oily.
by one fourth part of the diameter ened beyond reality ; a narrative en-
2. Of a mixt nature, in allufion to ani-
;

and the amphitheatre is two theatres larged with many circumftances.

jnals that live in air and water.
joined together ; fo that the longcii
I ihall fummarily, without any amplifcalhn at
Train > f amfbi&t ." breed,
all, {hew in what manner defects have been fup-
Mochv r uic or mungrel fceqif diameter of the amphitneatre was to the Dai-lei.
rl cd.
By i S S 0> run fhbrteft, as one and a half to one.
t>
'I
hings unknown feem greater than they are,
By the lire exhafd from dung. Sierft.
Within, an amfbilixatrc appear' d and are ufually received with ampIrfcat'Kmi above
AM PH I'BIOUSNESS. n.f. [from Rais'd in degrees ; tj lixcy paces rear'd, their nature. Bn-J}n'i Vulgar E: rur:.
The quality of being able to That when a man \va^ p'ac'd in one degree, Is the poet juftifiable for relating fuch incredibltr
&C.YJ.]
live in different elements. Height w.is allow'd for him above to fee. Dryden. amflificaticni f
It may be anfwered, it he had put
Conjci\e u m.in pi-iced in the burning iron thcle extravagances into the mouth of Ulyffes, he
AM P H I BO LO'G c A i I, .
adj. [from amphibo- chair at Lyons, amid the h:!u]ts and mockeries of had been unparuonable ; but they fuit well the
Doubtful. a crowded atjifii:' 'i:l
keeping his feat; characler of Alcinous.
logy."^ Fafc.
or ftretched upon a ^i att: of iron, over coah
AMPHIBOLO'GICALI.Y. adv. [from am- and breathing out ais foul aimng the exquifice
of.fire^
A'MPLIFIER.?;./ [from To amplify.] One
Doubtfully ; with a doubt-
phibological.] fuffcrings of fuch a tedious execution, rather than that enlarges any thing ; one that ex-
renounce his religion, or blafphcme his Saviour.
ful meaning. aggerates ; one that reprefeuts any
AMPHIBG'LOGY. n. f.
[l^&Xyi :]
jfauijorti
thing with a large difplay of the
bell
Dii'courfe of uncertain It is A'MPLE. adj. \amplus, Lat.] circumftances ; it being ufually taken
meaning.
from equivocation, which 1. Large; wide; extended. in a good fenfe..
di-.iinguilhed Heav'n defcendj
means the double fignitkation of a fingle Dorillaus could need no amflifcr's mouth for
In univerfal bounty, iheddmg herbs,
the higheft .point of praife.
word; as, xtiirtftin occidere timere to- Sidney.
.

And fruits, and flowers, on Nature's ample lap.

num eft, is amphibclogy ; captate leports,
f
lb6mfon.
TsA'viPLlFY. v. [amplifier, Fr.] a.

meaning, by lepares, either hares

or jefts, z. Great in b'llk. I . To enlarge to increafe any material
;

Did your letters pierce the

tjueen to any dcmon-
is equivocation. fubftance, or objeft of fenfe.
ftiation of grief
the fallacies, whereby men deceive others,
..
?
So when a gtcat moneyed man hath divided his
She took *em, and read 'em in
and coins, and bags, he feemeth to hirn-
and arc deceived thcmfeives, the ancients have myprefence, cbeits,
of the verbal, and And now and then an ample tear triH'd down
than he was : and therefore a way to
divided into verbal and real ;
felf richer
j; conclude from miftakes of the word, there
Her delicate cheeks. Sbakeff. King Liar. and to make
amplify any thing, is to break it,
rc but two worthy our notation ; the fallacy of 3. Unlimited ; without reftridlion. anatomy of it in feveral parts, and to examine it
HJVC what you alk, your prefents I receive; according to the fcvcral circumrtances. JBacort*
equivocation, and amfi:
Brwrfi Vulgar J Land where and when you pk'afe, with ample All concaves that proceed from more narrow to
leave.j
He that affirm'd, 'gainll feme, fnow black to be,
Drydtn. more 'broad, do amplify the found at the coming
M prove it by
c .'it 4. Liberal ; large ; without parfimony. out. Bacon,
Tilings are not what they feem. Ifwe fpcak of Uriel juflice, God could no \va; z. To enlarge, or extend any thing in-
Pirfti on Cltsveland. have been bound to requite man's labours in fo
In defining obious appearances, we are to ufe corporeal .

large and ample manner as human felicity doth

what is molt plain and eafy ; that the mind be not
As the reputation of the Roman prelates grew
import ;
in as much as the dignity of this exceed-
in them withal
mified by amtbihl'.fits into fallacious deductions. eth fo far the other's value. liockfi. up in thcfc blind ages, fo grew up
a defire of amplifying their power, that they might
^. Magnificent ;
fplendid. be as great in temporal forces, as men's opinion!
AMPHI'BOLOUS. and .v. 1 *'> To difpofe the prince the more willingly to un-
adj. [*u.$' have fcrmcd them in fpiritual matters. Kaliigt.
Tofled from one to another ; linking dertake his relief, the earl made <:r

. 'A'i'.hin fo many daj=, .it; 11, mid be 3. To exaggerate any thing; to enlarge
each way.
fuch an amptitoljus quarr-l-
he would advance his highnelVi levies with
i, it by the manner of reprefentation. '

two th.mfand men. Clarence*. 'I

l:y general is my lover; I have been
-r,felves ;oi
bolhpartie.
6. Diffufive not contracted ; as, an am- The book of his yood ac"ls; whence men have read
making ufe of his name in all their remon:' ;
His fame unparailel'd, haply Sbatcfp.
ple narrative, that is, not an epitome.
awflififrl.
to juftify tii
Since 1 have plainly laid open the negligence
AMPHI'I.OGY. n. J. [^'*i and >wy-.]
A'MPLE NESS. n.f. [from ample. ] The qua-, and errours of every age that is I would not
part,
Difi. iirr of m to (litter the prelent, by amplifying
Equivocation ; ambiguity. being ample ; largenefs ; fplcn-
do'ur. the diligence and true judgment of thole fervi-
jlMPHISBjE'Nji: n.f. [Lt.ii tours th.:t iiavc laboured in this vineyard. Daisies.
rmpr.fntl" it ;s for a pcrfi-n of .my
A fcrpent fuppofed to have two heads, j

To
and by confeqaence to move with ^
4. enlarge ;
to improve by new addi-
tions.
foremoft. y,iii bear.
Sontb.^ In parnphrafe the author's words are not ftriflly
nrr.pb'Jtirr.a,
that is, a fmaller k'nd ToA'MPLiATE. v. a. \_ainftlio, Lat.] To followed, his fenfe too is amplified but not al-
h forward and ba
off- ,
.

enlarge to make greater to extend.

; ; ,
tered, as Waller's trand.ition of Virgil. Drydtn.
hat! v-'as af-
;
He ftall icok vipon it, r-)t to traduce or
esctc-f
I feel age advancing, and my health is infuffi-
firmed by Nicaadcr, and nth .

and
.
lain dil- cient to increafe and amplify thele remarks, to
Knvint Vulgar F.rrnri.
h::. conijnn and.improve thefe rules, and to illuminate
nion, and afp, ft
'. !0". n.f, [fpom s. Wattt.
finij /.,(/..]

of iL-a; ; c.-.-i'.fcgeratlori :' ext'en- To A'MPLIFY. f. n. Frequently with the

'.
n.f. [Lat. i^x.o.,
. particle on.
of an (imp*, but
.malts, wlit-rci'. to be rcSrained and
i'it

intc: :
t'jn,
:;.ildelf
1 . To fpeak largely in many words ; to

dows, at different times of the year,

"
sl)!'iffe'i Parergvn.
lay one's felf out in diffufion,
to the north 'pole, when 2. DifFbfenefs When yiu ?ffeil t>> amplify on the former
; ; en]a>genient. '
branskes of a difenuifc, you will uftxn lay a necrf-
the fun is in \\\-. lojthcrn ; and. to .
anil ill" prr
fig.is 'Ujt.c't,
on yuu.'tlf u," c')r.lracli;ig the latter, and
,

thj fouta pole, w) hx is in t!..

'.-n
,

ny pic?J ex-, .li'.-lf in the moll important part of

ih.-t
may be
the, -arc the *pcoi ,

|< : . If'aln'i Lvgiit,

-, , 1",
niyleif p]
inhabit tnc torria zo 2. To form large or pompous reprefenw-
A
-
' r r
AMPHITHEATRE. ./. [of *f3iOjT{'.>, To f^Mf\.ific\Ti..t>.a.\_amplifico, Lat.] tions.
of uutfi and Siao^.ai.] A building in a To enlarge; tofpreadout; to amplify. An excellent medicine for the (tone might be
conceived, ab'.c to
circular or oval form, having its area DiSl. by amplifying apprehenfions
break a diamond. i'rcwn'i 1'ulgar Errcun.
mpaffed wiih rows of feats one a- AM P 1. 1 1- i c A'T o i N . n.
f. [amplification, 1 ii.v.c fomctimes been furced to amplify en
Love another ; where fpc'ftators' mifeht Fr. others: l.ut here, where the 1'ubjecl <> fo fruitful.

VOL. J.
 AMP AMU ANA
the harveft overcome! the reaper, I am To A'MPUTATE. <v. a. [amfute, Lat.] trifling anufement, is fuffered to portpone the one
&orr<ncd by my chVm. Dryrlin, To cut off a limb : a word. ufed only in thing ncceii- Rogtrt.
Homer not invents ; and as there During k'.s confinement, his atKuf.-mcr.t was t
emf/ijiii,
chirurgery. give p j:loi> to dogs and cats, and Ice them cxrire
ally a people called Cyclopeans, fo they
mgft. the crullers, it wa that
P ft.
b) flower or quicker torments.
;
.',
might be men of great Mature, or giants.
I'.irgeons were too aliivc
frac-
and the battle, while othrrs, wLo
i

1 was If ft to
:
(

tartA member?. "rjrrv. nadbrf k no un-

A'M p L T u D E.
i
n.f. [amplitude, Fr. amfli- MPUTA'TION.
'.h. .

tight
pleafan? timufemer.t to look on with
/.
f. [amfuta'ic, Lat.] <fety, whilft (

tudo, Lat.] Theoperation of cutting oil" A limb, or other another was giving thun divcifion at the h.i* id uf
1. Extent. part of the body. The ufual method or' perform- Svftft.
Whatever I look upon, within the atr.flitudt of ing it, in the inftnce qf a leg, is ;s follows. The AMU'SER. He
heaven and earth, is evidence of human ignorance.
proper part for the operation being four or five
.
/ \amufeur, Fr.] that
Clanvillc. inches below the knee, the fkin and flefli are ri:fl amufes, as with falfe promifes. The
2. to be drawn very tight upwards, and fecured irom French word is
always taken in an ill
Largenefs ; greatoefs.
MenIhould learn how lf\cre a thing the true returning by a ligature two or three fingers broad : fenfe.
and accuirom themfelvcs, above' this ligature another Joofe one is pafied, for
inquifuion of nature is, L.MU'SIVE. adj. [fromamufe.] That which
their minds thi which being twifted by me.ins of a (lick,
by the light of particulars, to enlarge ijripe;
be ftraitened to any degree at plc.ifurc. Then has the power of amufmg, I know not
to the cixplitudc of the world, and not reduce the may
world to the narrownefs of their minds. Rj^cr:. the patient being conveniently fitu.-.tcd, anu the that this is a current word.
of the limb, which is But amaz'd,
intellectual facul- operator placed to the infuie
3. Capacity; extent of to be held by one afliftant above, and another be- Beholds him
ties.
emtifve arch before
th' fly,
low the part defigned fur the operation, and the Then vaniih quite away. Tlsmfcx.
With more than human gifts from heav'n twifted to prevent too large an
adorn'd,
gripe fufficiently AMY'GDALATE. adj. [amygdala, Lau}
haemorrhage, the flcfh is, with a ftroke or two, to
Pcrfeftiojib abfolute, graces divine,
be fcparatcd from the bone with the difmembering
Made of almonds.
And amflimtle of mind to greawft deeds. Mi/Icn.
knife. Then the perioftium being alfo divided A.MY'GDALINE. adj. [amygdala, Lat.]
4. Splendour ; grandeur ; dignity from the bone with the back of the knife, law almonds
In the great frame of kingdoms and common-, the bone a/under, with as few ftrokes as portible.
Relating to ; relembling al-
monds.
wealths, it is in the power of princes, or eftates, .When two parallel bones are concerned,
the ll.-ih

to :od amftaudi and greatnefs to their kingdams. that grows between them muft likewife be fepa- AN. articls. [ane, Saxon ; un, Dutch; tint,

Succn's EJfiyt. rated before the ufe of the faw. This being done, German.] The article indefinite, ufed

5. Copioufnefs ; abundance. :ipe maj be flackened,

to give an opportunity before a vowel, or b mute. See A.
You thing which has a proper of fearching for the large blood veflels, and lecuring
flxould fay every
the haemorrhage at their mouths. After making
. One, bnt with lefs emphafis ; as, there
and end ; always propor-
direct tendency to this
the firlr Hands a houfe.
tioning the ampHtuje of your matter, and
the tul- proper applications to the Itump, loofen
and the tlefh, as far Since he cannot be always employed in /ludy,
nefs of your difcourfej to your great defign j the ligature, and pull both the Ikin
as conveniently may be, over the (lump, to cover reading, and converfation, there will be many en
length of your time, to the convenience of your
hear T ff'\uts's and fecure them with the crofs ftitch made at hour, beiideswhat hisexercifes will take up. Lccke.
.
Logick. it;
6. Amplitude of the range of a pryeftile, the depth of half or three quarters of an inch in 1. Any, or fome ; as, an elephant might
'the flcin. Then apply pledgets, aftringents, plaif- fwim in this water.
denotes the horizontal line fubtending Cta*il,tn.
ters, and other neceffaries. He was no way at an uncertainty, nor ever in the
the path in which it moved. The Amazons, by the aafutat'an of their right Icaft at a lofs concerning any branch of it. Ltckc.
7. Amplitude, in ailronomy, an arch of breaii, had the freer ufe of their bow. A wit 'sa feather, and a chief a rod,
the horizon, intercepted between the Brown's Vulgar F.rrours. An honcft man 's the nobleft workof God. Pope.
true eaft and weft point thereof, and A'MULET. n.f. \_amuhtte, Fr. amuletum,
;. Sometimes fignifies, like a, fome par-
it

the centre of the fun or ftar at its rifing or amoletum, quod malum araolttur,
Lat.]
ticular ftate ; but this is now difufed.
An appended remedy, or prefervative ; a
or fetting. It is eaftern or ortive, when It is certain that odours do, in i mull degree,
or any other
the Rar riles ; and weftern or occUuous thing hung about the neck, nourifli ; efpccially the odour of wine j and we
cur- fee men en hungred e!o love to fmvll hot bread.
when the ftar fets. The eaitern or wef part of the body, for preventing or
tern amplitude are alfo called northern ing of fome particular difeafes.
That fpirits are cjrporeal, feeroi at firfV. view An is fometimes, in old authors, a con-
or fouthern, as they fall in the northern
[..

a conceit derogative unto himfclf ; yet herein he traftion of and if.

or foaihern quarters of the horizon. eftabiifneth the doftrine of hirtrations, amulets, He can't flatter, he !

8. Miignetical amplitude is an arch of the and charms. Brtnun's Vulgar Ernurs. An honeft mind and plain he mnft fpeak truth, ;

horizon contained between the fun at his do not certainly know the fatfity of what
They An they will take it, fo if not, he's plain. Shateff.
;

they report ; and their ignorance muft

ferve you
and the eaft or weft point of the a contraction of and before
rifing, as an amulet againft the guilt both of deceit and 5. Sometimes
compafs ; or, it is the difference of the malice. Government af the Tctguf
the fun, from the Well know
riling or letting of
I
AMURCO'SITY. n.f. [amurca, Lat.] _The
The clerk will ne'er wear hair on 's face that had it.
eail or welt parts of the compafs.
quality of lees or mother of any thing. He w'll an live to be a man. Soatejf.
[/"he
Chambers
6. Sometimes it is a contraction of as if.
A'M PLY. ad<v. [ampli, Lat.] To AMU'SE. v. a. [amufer.FT.] My next pretty correfpondent, like Shake-
I. Largely ;liberally. 1. To entertain with tranquillity ; to fil
fpearc's lion
in Pyramus and Thiibe, roars an' it
For whcfe well-being,
with thoughts that engage the mind were any nightingale, Addifcn,
and with hands fo liberal,
Snififlj,
without dillrafting it. To divert im- A'NA. adv. [<.] A word ufed in the
Then ha!> ?r,r.'dcd all things. Afi/tcn
The evidence they had before was enough more lively, and t(
prefcriptions
of phyfick, importing the
plies fomething
to convince them ; but they wt.; like quantity ; as, wine and honey, a
pleafe, fomething more important.
I
firfly enough,
ed not to be convinced and to thofe, wh or ana 3 ii ; that is, of wine and honey
therefore frequently taken in a fenfe
:
is
re refolved not to be convinced, all motives, a

bordering on contempt. each two ounces.

ar equal. Atttrbury
arguments, In the fame weight innocence and prudence
They think they fee vilions, and are arrived t

Z. At large ; without referve. fome extraordinary revelation*, when, indeed j take,

At return
they do but dream dreams, and emuje
themfclve jtna of each does the juft mixture make. Co-ieley.
Of him prom's'd to thy aid,
fo lately with the fantallick ideas of a bufy imagination. He'll bring an apothecary with a chargeable long
The woman's then foreroM,
feed, obfcurely bill of anat. Drydcn.
Decay of Piety
>u w anf far known, thy Saviour, and thy Lord, I cannot think it natural for a man, who i
A'NA. Books fo called from the laft
Mtk n.f.
much in love, to amuft himl'elf with trifle'. Waljh of their titles ; as, Scaligerana,
At large; with JL diffufiv fyllablea
copioufly ; 2. To draw on from time to time ; t(
they are loofe thoughts, or
3. 'Thuaniana ;
detail. in expectation, as, he amufed hi
keep ;
cafual hints, dropped by eminent men,
Some of a poem require to be amply writ
parts followers with idle promifes.
ten, 3T:J wi'li all the force and elegance ot words and collefted by their friends.
AMU'SEMENT. n.f. [amufement,'Pi.']
Tha
others muft be eaft- into fliadows; that is, pafl'c
ANACA'MPTICK. adj. [*>ait<x/x7rV.]
Re-
over in fileece, or but faintly touched.' which amufes ; entertainment.
or reflefted : an anacamptick
Every intereft or plcafwrt of life, even the JIJO.1 flefting,
found,
 ANA ANA ANA
found, an echo ; an anacamptkk hill, a ToANACRA'MMATIZE. v. n. [atiagram- ex'iftence, arahgcus to corporeal exten/ion :
thowgH
hill that produces an echo. To make anagrams.
matifer, Fr.]
we have n" adequate concep'.ion hereof. Locke*
ANACA'MPTICKS. n.f. The doflrine of ANALE PTICK. adj. [dvaXijirlix^] Com- ANA'LOGY. n.f. faioXoyi*.]
reflected light, or catoptricks. It has i. Refemblance between things with re-
forting j corroborating: a term of phy-
no fmgular. fick. gard to fome circumftances or eiiedts ;
ANACATHA'RTICK. n.f. [SeeCATHAR- meJicinej chenfh the nerves, and re- as learning, is faid to enlighten the mind ;
jtr.ahft'ick
new that is, it is to the mind what light is
TICK.] Any medicine that works up- the fpirits and
ftrength. Quincy.
wards. $>uincy.
AKA LOCAL, adj. [from analogous.] Ana- to the eye, by enabling it to difcover
AKACEPHALJEO'SIS. n. /.
[i.w.pa- logous ;relation.
having that which was hidden before.
When I fee many arahgal motions in animals, From Gad ic hath proceeded, that the church
*ia:ri?-] Recapitulation, or fummary of
though I cannot cj!l them voluntary, yrt I f, . hath evermore held a prescript form of common
the principal heads of a difcourfe. Diet. them fpontaneous, I have reafon to conclude that
although not in all things every where the
AN A'CHORETE. J n.f* [fometimes viti- thefe in their
principle arc not fimply mechanical.
p-^ajer,.
fame, ye;, for the moft part, retaining the fame
ANA'CHORITE. j oufly written anchorite; Hale. an^l'^y. Hcoksr

a.-ia.yvyvrf^^\
A monk who, with the ANALO ICAL. adj. [from analogy.']
r. What I here obferve of extraordinary revelation
leave of his fuperiour, leaves the con- 1. Olid by way of and prophecy, will, by atiakgy and due proportion,
analogy. It feems extend even M
thole communications of God's
vent for a more aulkre and folitary life. properly difUnguifhed horn analogous, as will, that aie requifi e to falvation. Smtk.
Yet lies not love dead here, but here doth fit, words from things ;
Vow'd to this trench, like an anacborite. Donr.z.
analogous fignifies z. When the thing to which the analogy is
having relation, and analogical having
ANA'CHRONISM. n.f. [from 0.10. and the quality of fuppofed, happens to be mentioned, ana-
reprelenting relation. logy has after it the particles to cr ivith ;
%***'&] An errour in computing time, It is looked on
only as the image of the true G-i,
when both the things are mentioned af-
by which events are mifplaced with re- and that not as a
proper likencfs, but by ar.ai r;'..."
ter analogy, the particle between or be-
gard to each other. It feems properly reprefcn-ation. --)Ki.
to fignify an errour by which an event
When a word, which
originally fignifies any par- tivixt is ulcd.
ticular idea or
objecl, is attributed to feveral other Ji the body politick have any analogy fo the na*
is placed too early ; but is generally
objects, not by way ol'iefemblance, but on the ac- tural, an act of oblivion were necelVary in a hot
ufed for any errour in chronology. count of fome evident reference to the
original idea, diftcmpen:d Hate. DryJai.
This leads me to the defence of the
famous ana- this is
peculiarly called an analogical word ; fo a By analogy with all other liquors and concretions,
in making ./Eneas and Dido cotempora- found or healthy pulfe, a found the form of the chaos, whether l.quid or concrete^
r'.r'jnijfrt, digeftion, founJ
ries : for it is certain, that the hero lived almolt Deep, are fo called, with reference to a. found aisJ could not oe the fame with that of the preKnt earth.
FAO hundred years before ihe building of Carthage. healthy confticution ; but if you fpeak of found Bumet's Theory.
Dr} ,Ln. doflrine, or found fpeech, this is by way of refem- If we make Juvenal exprefs the cultoms of our
AKACLA'TJCKS. n.f. [<Jia and *>.**.] blance to health, and the words are
metaphorical. country, rather than of Romr, it is when there
The doftrine of refracted light ; diop- H-'atH's
Lagi;t. was fome analogy iei-u'ixt ihe cuiton;s. Drydtn.
2.
tricks. It has no fmgular. Analogous ;
having refemblance or re- 3. By grammarians, it is ufed to fignify
lation. the agreement of feveral words in one
JNJDIPLCrSlS. n.f. [w*An{.J Re-
There it placed the minerals between the inani- common mode ; as, from love is formed
duplication ; a figure in rhutorick, in mate and vegetable
province, participating fomc-
which the laft word of a foregoing mem- thmg analogical to either. Halt's Orig. of Mankind.
loved ; from hate, bated ; from grie-ve,
1

ber of a period becomes the firft of the A* Ai.o'GICAl.LY.afo. [from analogical.]

grieved .
following ; as, be retailed his virtues In an analogical manner ; in an analo- ANA'I.YSIS. n.f. [ni?iuox'}
1. A feparation of a compound body into
amidjl all his misfortunes, misfortunes gous manner.
which only his "virtues brought ufon him. I .im
convinced, from the .Implicity and unifor-
the feveral parts of which it confifts.
AN AGOGE'TICAL. [a.ayalyr.] That
adj.
mity of the Divine Nature, and of all his works, There an account of dew failing, in fome
is

that 'there is fome one univerf.il places, in form of butter, or gre.if'f, which.
the
which contributes or relates to fpiritual principal running
through the whole fyftem of creatures aaahgicaltf, grows extremely fetid ; fo that .the analyjis of the
elevation, or religious raptures ; myfte- and congruous to their relative natures. dew of any place, may, perhaps, be the bcft me-
rious ; elevated above "Cbync.
Did. thod of finding fuch contents of the foil as are
humanity. ANALO'OICALNESS. n.f. [from analogi-
AN ACo'oiCAL. adj. [anngogiqut, Fr.] cal.] The quality of being analogical
within the reach of the fun. Arbu:bnot.

Myfterious ; elevated ; ex- fitnefs to be applied

;
2. A confideration of any thing in parts, fo
religioufly for the illuftration
as that one particular is firil conlidered,
alted.^ f)iff. of fome analogy.
ANAGO'GIC ALLTC. adv. [from then another
anagogi- ANA'LOCISM. .
f. An
[m-a).f.yia-f/.of.] .'liittyfi corUi'.ls in making experiments and ob-
cal.] Myilerioufly ; with religious ele- argument from the caufe to the effect. lerratioiUi and it;
;!r:=wing general cpadufioas froin ~
vation. To ANA'LOGIZE. <v. a. them by induction, nnd admitting of no objections
A'NAGRAM. [from analogy. ]
[*, and ypt^ta.] n.f. A To explain by way of analogy to form ;
but fuch taken frern experiments, or other
js are
conceit atifing from the letters of a name fome refemblance between different certain truths. AV*rf/0n'.< Optifh.

mnfpofed of W,i,l,l,i,a,m,
; as' this,
things ; to confidcr fomething with re- 3. AIblution of any thing, whether cor-
N,o,y, attorney-general to Charles I. a gard to its analogy with fomcwhatelfe. poreal or mental, to its flill elements;
very laborious man, I may I in laiv. We have
Ijfl.rr.s of materi.il
Iw.lie;, diverfly
as, of' a fcmence to the fingle wo-rcls ; of
ill her parts be not in th" ufuai figured tn<l fituart-d, if fcrauLely cunlidcrtd ; they 8 compound word, to the p;irtick
place, .

She huth ) ct th<: ttnagromi of a good fare: represent the objed of tire dcfire, which is .iW- words which form it of a tune, to fm- ;
If we ini/i'. put the letters but one
wjy, g-.e.-d by attraction or gravitation.
In "hat I'.jn Jiarth of words what could we Ci>cyni.
glc notes of an argument, to fimple
;
fay? ANALOGOUS. aJj. [i>a and >OT-.]
Dcnnc.
1.
propofitiouD.
Thy genius calls thee not to purchafe fame Having analogy ; bearing fome refem- We cannut know any thing of nature, but by an
In keen iamhcks, but mild blance or proportion iiriiify/r <>f it:
'
r: initial
clurcsj till
anagram. Dijdcn. ;
having fomething \'. !:

ANAORA'MMATISM. natural moti nif, we arc i(ill Tiut !g-

gram.'} The aft

n.f. [from ana-
or practice of
making
parallel.
Eitrrcile makc thing! eafy,'hat r.nulj beo-hei--
firft
^'"fc 5 "'
..
wife hard; at, in l:vbour, nurdlins
ry heal ANAI V'TICAL. adj. [from <w/;/zV.]
anagrams. and colds ; and then there is
, ,

'Ihtr only quintcflence that hitherto the ale

fomething ar^hgais in j. That which reiolvcs any thing into firft
Ir.rny rcilc of the mind to that of the b
CT.M draw out ',f n.nm->,
t
i, ,dy. It
principles that which feparates
or
MMpVMlMrV^, is
folly and infirmity that makes us Jili..
; a.iy
meugrammatifm, which is
,

a difTnlution of a
compound. SeeANAtYau.
Hisclcmcrr, Many important
! ,
..! be probabiy m.iintai.'.r.l a <; -;nil the
may
and a new connexion of It In artificial tr.u.f c.mftxjuenccs may be'
f from the obfervition of the moft commo-, inaccur.it-ne.'s of the
analytical expcrinienl vul-
'/ithout addition, fubrlraflion, or change of
to) and ajii/ogous g=rly relied nn.
'

rtter, into different word:,

rcai;>nin-i from !
-.<-m.
making tvtfx j.<:rtect 2. .-hich prorf-cds ai^yi'-r, cr
'J'h.-it
fenfe appK.ibii; to the f^rfon niir.r.!.
CamJcn. by by
2. It has the word to before the
AKAGRA'MMATIST. n.f. [from thing to tski'ig the p;irts of :i comu.und into
A which the refemblance is noted. diiUnft and particular confiderlttdn,
maker of anagram,.
M >
,
Jncwpoical futrtaute have fome
ni.ij Dcfcartc) lialh here outdm.c all tlie
infinitely
' z 1
p! uijhc.-s.
 ANA ANA ANA
philofophers that went before him, in giving a par- Him thus the arurcipM, AN'A'TOCMM. \anatoclfmus, Lat.n. f.
titular ar.d
analytical account of the
un'v, With fault'ring fyeech, and vifagc inCjOmpos'J,
brick Anf'er'd. BvloitnT^o;.] accumulation of in- The
:
jet he intends his principles but f^r hypo-
tereft upon intereft ; the addition of the
thifci. C,L:nvil!e. AN A'RCHiCAL.a^r. [from anarchy.] Con- intercft due for money Jent, to the ori-
ANAI.Y'TICAI.T.Y. adv. [from ana Ijticnl.] fufcd; without rule or government.
In fuch a manner as feparates com- I:\ :h ./?,: ',
, id i.i 'us ft.ite of-human
.' i
'
ginal fum. A fpecies of ufury generally
tin to the 'n lorbidden.
pounds into fimples. See ANALYSIS.
r.'tuic, r-g

ANALY'TICK. The
world prefume to d nature of fubjefts AN A T o' M i c A L . adj. [ from anatomy.]
adj. [a>axJIix^-.] -it. Cl
Relating or belonging to anatomy.
1
belong'ni-' tyrtc. i .

manner of refolving compounds into the A'NARCHY. n.f. [u^-/'.*.] Want of go- i
Ui j
.11 e ta vw a thing
fitnpie conflitucnt or component parts, vernment ; a rtate in which every man a ail its parts, by the h(ip of i:

applied chiefly to mental operations. is un.iccou uable ; a Hate wkhout ma-

He was in logick a great critick, fccts an b dy, and fepnafet thr vi-ins, ar-
anirr.a!

Profoundly * ll'd in
atalyil-k. Hudiiras. giftracy.
.Wtlfr- rl !. I
. n
nines, ,irnes, &V. and
Analytic^ mcthoJ takes the whole compound as And Ch.ms, ar>ce(tirs
flirws v: tin: feveral pjrti u!)icb jo to the corr.po-
,

>!d
it finds it,whether it be a fpecies or a:i individu.ii, fiti n uf a H'tix't L^:ci.
. Eternal an oilie
complete a:
and leads us into the knowledge of it, by ref>lvi:ig
Of en :-,d
by confufion ftand. Milrcti.
2.
Proceeding upon principles taught in
into its firft principles, or prts, its generick r
confidered as the cbjeft of
i

ii but the fiiSt natural ftep from anatomy ;

ture, and its
fpecial properties ; and therefore it is
:
ffnji- the
called the method of refol'jtion. H'mts's Lvgik. a.ij.tti;:'.: anatomy.
ar [ f.iclom being an effect and c .

There is a natural, involuntary diftortion of the

To A'NALYZE, v. a. [i a x^.] ifi/r. mute -
rlie una.'ctnical caufe of lau
T_o"re- '^in^.
folve a compound into its firft
principles. ANAS A'RCA. n.f. [from and (roJf.] di but theie is another caufc ot
f
]

See ANALYSIS. A (brt'of dropfy, where the whole fub- cercy requires. Swift.
Chemiftry enabling us to depurate bodies, and, ftance is ftuficd with pituitous humours. 3. Anatomized; difiefted ; feparated.
in fome meafure, to analyze them, and take afiin- The coiirinudtion or loiiditv is apt to be con-
der their heterogeneous parts, in muny chymicai Qyhicy. founded with, and, if we will Ir-ok into the minute
When the lympha ftagnates, or is extravafated
experiments, we may, better than in others, know anatomical parts of niatier, is l;ttle diftc-icnt from
under the /kin, it is called an ana/area.
what manner of bodies we employ ; art having hardnefs.
Ariuttnat on Diet
made them more limple or uncompounded, than
AN ASA'RCOUS. AN ATO'MICALLY. adv. [from anatomi-
nature alone is wont to urefent them us. Boylt. adj. [from anafarca."] Re- In an anatomical manner ; in the
cal.]
To analyze the immorality of any action into lating loan anafarca ; partaking of the fenfe of an anatomift ; according to the
its laft principles ; if it be enquired, why fuch an nature of an anafarca.
doiflrine of anatomy.
action is to be avoided, the immediate anfwer is. A gentlewoman Ub r<u'e.i o.f an afcitrs, with an
becaufe it is /in. AVr/Vj Mijal', ar.Martoul of her b^lly, thighs, an
' - fome affirmed it had no gall, intending
f\\c!tin:;
When the fentence is diitinguiihed into fubject !>-, only thereby no evidence of anger or fury, ethers
and predicate, proposition, argument, aft, object, have conftrued anatomically, and denied that part at
&c. then
ANASTOMA'TICK, [fron UK*, and adj. Brcivn
1

caufe, effect, adjunct, opposite, it is all. !

Vulgar Errmn.
That which
,

has the quality of

analyzed analogically and metaphysically. This ro/xa.] ANA'TOMIST. n.f. [aoio;.-.oc.] I-Je that
laft is what is
chiefly meant in the theological opening th? veffels, or of removing ob- of animal bodies,
ftudies the ftrtidlure
fchools, when they fpeak of analyzing a text of ftruflions.
WiittSs Logick. by means of difleclion ; he that divides
iVripture. ANASTOMO'SIS. n.f. [from <li and the bodies of animals, to difcover the
A'N .\LY7.ER. a./, [from To analyze.] That The
inofculation of veffels, or
rofia.] ,
various parts.
which has the power of analyzing.] the opening of one veflel into another ;
Particular reafons incline me to doubt, whether Anatwijli adjudged, that if nature had been fuf-
as, of the arteries into the veins. |
fercilt-> run her own
ccurfe, with-mt this fatal in-
the fire be the true and univerfal analyzer of mixt
bodies.
ANA'STROPHE. ./ a pre- [i,^^,
1

tcrruptior, he might have doubled his age. Hovael,

Boyle. Hence when
ANAMORPHO'SIS. n.f. [, pofterous placing, from aar^'^w.] A How
anatcfni/is difcourfe,
like brutes organs are to ours
and/w^'u.] ;

Deformation ; a perfpeftive projection figure whereby words which mould have They grant, if higher powers think fit,
been precedent, are poftponed. A bear might foon be made a wit;
of any thing, fo that to the eye, at one
ANA'THEMA. n.f. [i, 8 V.] And that, for any thing in nature,
point of view, it (hall appear deformed, A curfe Pigs nrght fqueak love odes, dogs bark fatire.
in another, an exadt and regular repre-
I. pronounced by ecclefiaftical
Pr'ur,
authority excommunication.
fentation. Sometimes it is made to ap- ;
To AN-A'TOMIZE. <v. a.
Her bare anathemas fall but like fo many /r.v.v [iia1t^.ar.]
pear confufed to the naked eye, and re- fulmtr.s upon the fchifmatical j who think them-
1. To tHflecl: an animal ; to divide the

gular, when viewed in a mirrour of a fclves flirewdly hurt, forfjoth, by being cut off body into its
component or conilituent
certain form. from the body, which they choofe not to be of.
parts.
S .utb^i Sermons. Our
JNA'NAS. a. /. The induftry mult even araiunixi every pirtiile .

pine-apple. The
The i.
z. object of the curfe, or perfon of that body, which we are to uphold. ;
fpecies are,
Oval-fhaped pine-apple,
with a whitiih flcfli. 2. Pyramidal pinc-appie, curfed. This feems the original mean- 2. To lay any thing open diilinftly, and
v. ith a
yellow flc-fli.
3. Pine-apple, with fmooth ing, though now little ufed. by minute parts.
leaves. 4. Pine-apple, with Shining green leaves, AN ATHEM A'T ic AL. adj.- [from' anathe- i
fpeik but brotherly of him, but fhould I ana
anri fcarcc any fpines on their edges. 5. The olive-
That which has the properties of taniZftfitn to thcc as he is, 1 mufr bluA and
weep,
coloured pine. MJlcr.
ma.] and then muft look pale and womlrr.
Witnefs thou bed aruinj, thou the pride
an anathema ; that which relates to an 'J'l.m dark distinctions reafon's
light difeuis'd,
Of vegetable life, beyond wrutc'er anathema. And into atoms truth anatcrr.':z J . I
The poets imag'd in the gilden age. Ttomfon. AN ATHEM A'T ic ALLY. i>. a. [from cna- ANATOMY, n.f.
ANA"NAS, wild. The fame with penguin. thematical.~\ In an anathematical man- 1. The art of difTediug the
body.
See PENGUIN. ner. Jt is pr ".r:!.ull\ fild,
I-'t,rr>:\;rfr'i&i/is \ncft, la-

ANAPHORA, n.f. [i,<po f i.] A To AN ATH E'M ATIZE. <v. a. [from ana- te' e! liicl.-
parti attc.ttmy
figure, hath not d.Uovcied \n infecta.
when feveral claufes of a fentence arc thema.] To pronounce accurfed by ec- Er ii't's
Vi,!gj' Frnurt.
clefiaftical to excommuni-
begun with the fame word, or found; authority ; It is therefore in the'
anatomy of tlie mind, as in
cate. that of the body ; more good v.ill accrue to man-
as, Where it ihf ivife ? Where is the
They were therefore to \jeaiiatbetr.Jtixi.'.. kind, by attending to the large, open, and per-
fcrite ? Whtre is the Jifputer of this with rli-tcftation, brand.-d and b.miilicd nut of the ceptible parts, thnn by rtudying too much fuch
church. Hair.mend. finer nerves and veiicls, as will for ever
cfcape our
AN APLERO'TTCK. adj. ara-x^u.] That AN ATI'FEROUS. adj. [from anas and fero,
obferv /\f-f.

which 2. The doarine of the ftrufture of the

up any vacuity ; ufed of ap-
fills
Int.] Producing ducks. Not in ule.
plications which promote flefh. If thzrc be ar,alif:rous trees, whofe corruption body, learned by difll-aion.
br-Ml. barnacle yet, if thcycon-jpt.
1
lviun.1 toe-
A'NARCH. n.f. [See ANARCHY.] An th v ^
;

which pro,', ther, according to th.- o; il.c-in which

' i

knowledge
author of confufion. t'.K.ii Krnvrii Vulgar Err-.an. is
given us by anatomy, Drjdett.
3. The
 A N C A N C A N C
jig) 3 meafure,and a cinque pace; the firft fuit is Smithing comprehends all trades which ufe ci"~
3, The aft of dividing any thing, whether
hot and hafty, like a Scotch jig, and fall as fan- ther forge or file, from the anchor -fm'n ii to the-

corporeal or intellectual mod eft,

.
ta!r.ical j
the wedding mannerly as a mea- watchmaker ; they all working by the fame rules,,
Whe". a mo'neycd man hath divided his cherts,
fure full of ftate and ar.cbentry 5 and then comes though not with equal exac"rnefs ; and all ufmg the"
he lecmcth himfeif richer than he was ; there-
to fame tools, though of feveral fizes. Moxon.
repentance, and with his bad legs falls into the
is to break it,
fore, a way to amplify any thirg, cinque pace fafter and fafter, till he links into his A'NCHORAGE. n.f. [from anchor.]
and to rr.alce anatomy oi it in feveral parts. Race*. grav?. Skakffpeare. I. The hold of the anchor.
4. The body {tripped of its integuments ;
A'NCHOR. n.f. [anchora, Lat.] Let me refolve whether there be indeed fuch
a fkeleton. 1. A heavy iron, compofed of a long efficacy in nurture and firft production ; for if
Othat my tongue \ve-e in thunder's miuth,
t
fhank, having a ring at one end to that luppofal fhould fail us, all our anchorage werej
Then with a paihon I would (hake the world, loofe, a:idwe mould but wander in a wild lea.
fr<-m deep that fell ar:c.i:my,
which the cable is fattened, and at the
Ai*i rouze Watm..
other branching out into two arms or
Wh\h eanr.o hear a feeble lady's vn:r ? . Sbatefp. z. The fet of anchors belonging to a (hip.
or ridicule, a thin tending upwards, with barbs
c. By way of irony fiooks, The bark that hath difcharg'd her height,
or edges on each fide. Its ufe is to Returns with precious lading to the bay,
meagre perfon.
Th-y broajhtone Pinch, a hungry lean- fac'd i hold the fhip, by being fixed to the From whence at flirt flic weigh'd her anchorage.
-
n, &bakeipcare*
ground.
A mere anatomy, a mountebank, H; iVd, and wept then fpread his ;
fails before 3. The
duty paid for the liberty of an-
A thread-bare juggler, and a fortune-teller,
The winds, and reach'd at length the Cuman choring in a port.
A needy, hollow-ey'd, (harp looking wrex-h, (hore :
A'NCHORED. farticip. adj. [from To an-
A liiing dead man. Stakrff. CmtfyefEtratrt. Their anchors dropt, his crew the veflels moor.
The (cum which fwims chor.] Held by the anchor.
A'NATRON. n.f. Dryden. Like a well-twilled cable,
in the holding faft
upon the molten glafs furnace, 2. It is ufed, by a metaphor, for any thing The anchor'd veffel in the loudeft blafl. Waller.
which, when taken off, melts in tne which confers liability or fecurity. A'NCHORET. 1 [contracted from
n. f.
and llien into com- Which hi pe we have as an anchor or the foul,
air, coagulates
'both fure and ftediaft, and which entereth into
A'NCHORITE. \ anacboret, a^a^^iiTKc.] A!
mon fait. It is likewife that fait which
that within the veil, Htbrcwt* reclufe ; a hermit ; one that retires to/
the walls of vaults. the more fevere duties of religion.
gathers upon The forms of fpeech in which it is moft
A'NBUtY. n.f. SeeAMBURY. 3.
His poetry indeed he took along with him j
Lat. an- commonly ufed, are, to caji anchor, to
A'NCEbTOR. n. f. [ancejior,
lie or ride at anchor.
but he made that an ancbwite as well as himfelf.

Fr.] perfon One from whom a The Turkiih Sprat.

ceftre, general, perceiving that the Rho- You defcribe fo well your hcrmitical ftate of
delcends, either by the father or the dians would not be drawn forth to battle at fea,
that none of the ancient anchorites could g
life,
mother. It is diftinguifhed from prede- withdrew his fleet, when cajllng anchor, and land-
beyond you, for a cave in a rock, with a fine
cejfcr ;
which is not, like anceftcr, a na- ing his men, he burnt the corn. fpring, or any of the accommodations that befit
Knilla't Hiftorj of the Turkl.
tural, but civil denomination. An here- folhary life.
Pope.
Ent'ring with the tide, ANCHO'VY.
ditary monarch/ucceeds
to his anceftors ;
He dropped bis anchors, and his oars he ply'd ; n.f. [from anchova, Span, or
an elective, to his frediceffors. Furl'd every fail, and drawing down the maft, anthioe, Ital. of the fame fignification. J
And (heliti bu:ied with her jnctjlcrs, His vefl'el moor'd, and made with hauliers fail. A little fea-fifh, much ufed by way o

O, in a tomb where never fcandal flept, Dry den. fauce, or feafoning. Saiiary.
Shakffp. Mu. h ado
alcut Nclb. Far from your
Save th'.E ft" iicr'i. capital my (hip refides We invent new fauces and pickles, winch re-
Cham was the paternal ancfjlir of N'mus, the At Reithius, and fe^ure at anchor ridtt. Pope. femble the animal ferment in tafle ami virtue,.
father of Chus, the grandfather of
Nimrcd ; wtv;fe To A'NCHOR. <u. n. as the falfr-icid gravies of meat j the fait pickles
[from anchor.]
fon was Belus, the father of Ninus. Raleigb. 1 . To caft anchor ; to lie at anchor. of fi/h, cnchwicl, oyft"rs. Floyer.
Obfcure why rr'ythee what am I ? I know
!
The fiihermcn that walk upon the beach A'NCIENT. Fr. antiquus^
and great grandfire too : adj. [cuieien,
iiy father, grandfire, Appear like m'ce; and yon tall anebcring bark
If farther 1 derive my pedigree, Lat.]
DiminiiH d to her cock. Sbakejp. King Lear.
I can but guefi beyond the fourth degree. 1. Old ;
that happened long fir.ce ; of
Near Calais the Spaniards anchored, expecting
The reft of my forgotten ancift.rl their land-forces, which came not. Bacon.
old time ; not modern. Ancient and old
Were font of earth, like him, or fons of whores. Or the ftrait coune to rocky Chios plow, are diftinguifned ; old relates to the du-
Drjdm. And anchor under Mimos* fhaggy brow. Pipe. ration of the thing itfclf, as, an old COM,
A'KCESTREL.^'. [from ancr/tir.} Claim-
2. To ftop at ; to reft on. a coat much worn ; and ancient, to time
ed from anceftcrs; relating to anceftors:
My intention, hearing not my tongue, in general, as, an ancient drefs, a ha-
a term of law. j4n{l.t,rt en lubet.
Hbakefprare.
was anciently fo bit ufed in former times. But this is.
Li:..' 1
- 1"- " in aftioni afafrtl, To A'NCHOR. i/. a.
Halt. not always obferved, for we mention,
l.erc in England. 1 . To place at anchor ; as, he anchored
old ciifjoms j but though old be fome-
A'NCESTRY. n.f. [from anceftor.~\ his ihip.
a fcries of anccftors, or pro- tlmes oppofed to modern, ancient is fcl-
1. Linea~e ; 2. To fix on.
the perlons who compofe the dom oppoied to neiv, but when new
genitors ; My tjpgt>e mould to my ears not name my boys,
Till that my nails were ancbm *d in thin eyes. means modern.
lineage. Anaer.t tenure is that whereby all the manours
d<3 advance
.

Sbaltflpejrc.
J^; m: . iartn;u> Cor A'N o R . n.f. Sbakefpeare feems to have
c H belonging to the crown, in St. Edward's or Wil-'
jir-ft to ra'.fe our ti :ufe to honour dij
ufed this word for anchoret, or an ab-
liam the Conquerour's days, did hold. The num-
ber and names of which manours, as all others-
Spcnfrr. ftemious recluie perfon. bel 'iiging to common
f ..._ '-
u j adherence to the rights and liber- pcrfons, he c 'ufed' to ber
n w'.ie and virtuous
To d irn my truft and hope !
written in a book, after a furvcy made of them,
ties irinfmitted from ancifry,
one's country, are .
An anchor's cheer in prilbn be my (c now remaining in the Exchequer, and called'
Doomfday B.vj!c ; and fuch as uy that book ap-
.' /
and ornaments of aktfpeare.
puvt government
A'NCHOR-HOLD. n. f. [from anchor and p: i:
' h.'v
.

mged to the
-i
'

crjwn at that time,

Say fr.m
what fccptrrM axcejliy ye claim, hold.] The hold or faltnels of the an- are called anci'nt d^in:-lncs.
^ Coivdl.

Reco.-jf-d eminent in d;<ih''-is r^me ? Pope. .

chor ; and, figuratively, lecuriry. 2. Old ; that has been of long duration.
^. The honour of defcent ; birth. Thi: .1
exprcis mo;t aptly all \<ic.i the ji:c:enl is wildoni, and in length of
an more il- the ronceirs of i. their own t mgue, djy, n id .

indingi Job, xii. 12.

it an ill one rn .r: >.ontem:.tible. without bn i:iy; a, i.ir cxam| ,

1 !i ;!
^ifi;',!-, thit Gad cumpieh/nded alt .

lervice of God, hicti tne Latin, called re- t'lin.'i, and triiat God was .if .ill
thing:, the imtt an-
bccnule it knitted the ni'iuis of men to- cua:,(i
A'KCHENTRY. n. /. [from ctrcitnt, and , -;ng. Raleigh..
gt Cher, n^i or
Euiope have Induftry
.
. .
,.

therefore properly
t<> oe writt-.-n an- Gave and m
the fame irum tufin, they culled moit the tall toreil to-his axe. Ibotrfon^
aentrji.]
An : 1

a. d ou.y afiiiraiuc Faft former.

3. ;

.-arance or pri.of of an-

.
if I
dig . :
longer ilay,
tiq.
A'NCHOR-SMIT H. n j. [from anchor ;i id We Ih.ih bc^in '>ur ar.iin't bickerings. Sbakefff*
\

.;, wcJJing, and rcpcn;ing, is a Scotch

jmitb.] 1'he maker or forger of anchors. A' N c I E N -i . ;; .
/. [from aacicni , <?.</.]
v. I'hofet
 AND A N E A N G
1. Tbofe that lived in old time wfre call- I pray thee,
Launce, an' //"tliou fccft my bn, ANES. 1 H. f. The
Bid him make hafte. fpires or beards of
ed (indents, oppofed to the moderns.
And though the ancimts thus their rules invade, .tcfpearc'i Two Gear, of Vcrtra, AWNS.J corn. Dia.
A kings difpgnfe with laws themfelves have A'NDIRON. n.f. [fuppofed by Skinner to
A'NEURISM. n.f.
[inv^, u .] A difeafe
made of the in which, either
j be corrupted from band-iron ; an iron arteries, by a
M.i.lerns, beware or if you muft offend
!
that may be moved preternatural weaknefs of any part of
Againft the precept, ne'ct tranfgrcfs its end.
by the hand, or
them, they become exceflively dilated ;
may fupply the place of a hand.] Irons
Pipe.
at the end of a or, by a wound through their coats, the
2. Senior : not in ufe, fire-grate, in which the
blood is extravafated
_
Hetoucheth it as a fpecial pre-eminence of
Ju- fpit turns ; or irons in which wood is amongft the ad-
nias and Andronicus, that in laid to burn. jacent cavities. Sharp.
Chriftianity they
wore his ancients. In the orifice, there was
Hooker. If vou ftrike an entire
body, as an andiron of
a throbbing of the arte-
as in an an.
A'NCIENT. n. f. brafs, at the top, it makcth a more treble found, rialjjlood,
>

Wifcnuin.
The flag or ftreamer of a and at the bottom a bafer. Bacon. ANE'W. adv. [from a and
1.
Ihip, and,
new.]
formerly, of a regiment.
A N D R O'G Y N A L .
adj. [ from artlj and yiW]
Over again ; another time
i .
;
repeatedly.
2. 1'he bearer Having two fexes ; hermaphroditical. This is the moll common ufe.
of a flag, as was Ancient
if at
Piftol; whence, in prefentufe, enfign.
ANDRO'CYNALLY. adv. [from androgy-
Be
Nor, mifchief taken, on the ground
lljin, but pris'ners to the
This is Othello's ancient, at I take it, nal.~\ In the form of pillars bound,
hermaphrodites ; At either barrier plac'd ; nor, captives made,
The fame indeed, a very valiant fellow. with two fexes. Be Irecd, or, arm'd ar.e^v,
Sbakcfp. the fight invade.
A'w c i E N T L Y . at/if. from ancient. [ In ]
The
examples hereof have undergone no real
or new tranfexion, but were Drydtn..
old times. androgynally born, and That, as in birth, in
beauty you excel,
under fome kind of hermaphrodites. The mufe might
Trebifond anciatfly pertained unto this crown ; dictate, and the poet tell:
now unjullly poflefled, and as unjuftly abufed, by Brtrnin'i Vulgar Errours. Your art no other art can
fpeak ; and you,
thofe who have neither title to hold it, nor virtue ANDRO'GYNOUS. adj. The fame with To mow how well you play, muft play anew.
*> rule it. androgynal. Prior.
Sidney.
The Themiferies of the civil war did, for
not an enemy, though
colevvort is that were ANDRO'GrNVS. n.f. [SeeANDROCY- many
anciently received, to the vine only, but to any years, deter the inhabitants of our ifland from the
other plant, becaufc it draweth NAL.] An hermaphrodite; one that thoughts of engaging anew in fuch defperate un-
ftrongly the fatteft
juice of the earth. Bacon.
is of both fexes. dertakings.
JUdjfa.
A'NCIENTNESS. n.f. [from ancient.] An- ANDRO'TOMY. n.f. [from <ii ? and r/pw.] z.
Newly ; in a new manner.
exiftence from old times. The pradice of cutting human bodies.
He who begins late, is
obliged to form anew the
tiquity ;
whole difpofition of his foul, to
The Fefcenine and Saturnian were the fame ; Dia. acquire new habits
of life, to prailifc duties to which he
they were called Saturnian from their ancierMefs, ANECDOTE, n.f. [,i',,J<m>x.] a ftranger.
is
utterly
when Saturn reigned in Italy. Rogers.
Drydtn. 1.
ANFRA CTUOSE.
A'NCIENTRY. Something yet unpublifhed ; fecret hif-
n.f. [from ancient.] The \ adj. [from anfraflus,
honour of ancient lineage ; the
tory. ANFRA'CTUOUS. j Lat.] Winding; ma-
dignity Some modern anecdctcs aver,
of birth. He nodded in his elbow-chair. zy ; full of turnings and
Prior. winding paf-
Of all nations under heaven, the Spaniard is 2. It is now ufed, after the fages.
the muft mingled, and molt uncertain.
French, for a Behind the drum arc fevcral vaults
Where- and anfrac-
fore, mod foolifljly do the Irifli think to ennoble
biographical incident ; a minute paf- tucfe cavities in the ear-bone, fo to intend
the
themfelves, by wrelling their ancientry from the fage of private life. leaft found
imaginable, that the fenfe mi 6 ht be.
Spaniard, who is unable to derive himfelf from
AN E MO'G R A P H Y. [ .
/ aftedled with it; as we fee in fubterraneous cavo
T*L .!/ i-i .
and vaults, how the found is redoubled.
Spenf-.r m Ireland.
any in certain. 1 ne
deicnption of the winds. Ray.
There is nothing in the between, but ANFRA'CTUOUSKESS.
getting ANEMO'METER. n.f. [a,.^. and .
n. f. [from an.
wenches with child, wronging the
ancientry, deal- An inftrumcnt contrived to meafure the frafiuous.] Fullnefs ofwindings and turn-
ing, fighting. Si'akefftare.
ANCLE. See ANKLE. ftrength or velocity of the wind. ings.^
A'NCONY. n.f. [in the iron A
ANKMONE. n.f. [i^ n .] The wind ANFRA'CTURE. n. f.
[from anfraflus,
mills.]
bloom wrought into the figure of a flat
flower. Lat.] A turning ; a mazy winding and
iron bar, about three foot
Upon the top of
its fingle (talk, furrounded
by turning. Di3 ,

long, with a loaf,produced one naked flower, of many pe-

is A NGEL. n. f.
two fquare rough knobs, one [iyfaoc ;
angclus, Lat.]
at each tals, with many (lamina in the centre the feeds
end. Chambers. are collected into an
;

oblong hc.id, and furrounded

1.
Originally a mefle;iger. A fpirit em-
wth a copious down. The principal colours in ployed by God in the adminittratioii of
AND. conjunction. human
aKcmtnia, are white, red, blue, and purple, fome- affairs.
1. The particle by which fentcnces or times curioufly intermixed. Miller. ::e S
holy angrl
terms are joined, which it is not Wind flowers are diltin^flicJ into thofe with Fly :o the court of KnginJ, and unfold
eafy to bii'.ui ana hard His mclTage ere he come.
explain by any fynonimous word. leaves, and thofe with narrow and Stahffrare.
Sure his honefty lott one?. The broad-lc.u :.! roots fiV'jId HaJ we fuch a knou-'edgf of the coi.ltiiuiijn of
aneir.iny
Cot him fmall gains, but mamelefs be planted about the end of Thofe man, as it is polfible
an^-h liive. and it is ccruin
September.
flattery with Imall .'caves muft not be his M.ik:r lus; we (hould have a
A*A filthy beverage, and unfeemly thrift, put into 'he ground quite o;her
till the end of October. idea of his eflence.
jJnd borrow bafe, and fomc good .

Mortimer. Licki.
lady's gift.
From the foft wing of vernal breeies flied, fometimes ufed
Sffnfer.
2. Angel is in a bad fenfe;
What llull I do to be for ever known, A*OKfitt, auriculas, enrich'd
as, aiigels of darinsj's.
Jfnd make the age to come With mining meal o'er all their velvet leaves.
my own ?
Co-wley. Ar.J they haJ a k! -g over them, which w.is the
The Danes unconquer'd offspring march be- rkemfa,
A NEMOSCOPE. n.f. [^-andcT-xoTr^.] eitrgj of the bottoroleu pit. .-ri-.ns.
hind ;

jlnd Morini, the lad of human kind. A machine invented to foretel the 3- Angel, in fcripture, fometimes means
Dryden. man of GoJ, prop be!.
It (hall ever be
my make difcovencs of
ftudy to
this nature in human life, and to fettle the pre- changes of the wind. It has been ob-
ferved, that hygrofcopes made of cat's 4. jtagilis ufed, in the ftyle of love, for
fer diftincli'jr.s between the virtues and perfec- a beautiful perfon.
tions iif mankind, and thofe falfe colours and rc- gut proved very good ammofcapes, frl- Thou haft the fwteteH face I ever Iwk'd on.
fernblanccs of them that (hine alike in the
eyes a:
dom
failing, by the turning the in-
_

Sir, as I have a foul, flic is an anvtt. Sb<it

the vulgar. dex about, to foretel the
2. Jnd fometimes
Atdijla.
wind.
(hifting of the 5. A piece of money anciently coined and
fignifies though, and Chambers.
feems a contraction of and AN t'NT. prep. A word ufed in the Scotch impreiied with an angel, in memory of
if an obfervation of Pope
It is the narurt of extreme
fat-lovers, as they dialecl. Gregory, that
the pagan sliigli, or
w.l! fc; an h >ufc on fire, ar.d it were but to roall
I . about Eaglilh, were fo
their eggs. Bjcn. Concerning ; ; as, btfaid nothing beautiful, that, if they were Chriitians,
anent this particular.
3. In and if, the and is redundant, and is
z. Over again ft they would be An^di, or angels. The
ornuted by ail l;tier writers.
;
oppofitc to ; as, be li-vu coin was rated at ten iLiilings.
aucnt t' ctiiptj- bafun, put in
'

./;.. .j' g I.-!,

nr
 A N G A N G A N G
whit you will, into it) t!,n go fo far from the <vtxtd ; which, however, feems to come The patient filher takes his filent Itand,
bafon, till
atgrl, became
you cannot
fee the it is not Intent, his angle trembling in his hand ;
in a right line ; then nil the bafun with water, and originally from the Latin ango.] With looks unmov'd, he hopes the fcaly breed,
you vriii fee it out of its place, becaufe of the re-
1. Anger is uneafmefs or difcompofure of And eyes the dancing cork and bending
reed.
fiei: Bactn. the mind, upon the receipt o? any in- Poft,
'

Sh.ike die
jury, with a prefect purpofe of revenge. To A'NGLE. [from the noun.]
<u. n.
Of hc'-rJ p.'d
angc't Locke. 1. To fifh with a rod and hook.
Set th ^oakfij-care. like
/litger
is he ladies angling in the crylt.il lake,
'i

A*' GEL. adj. Refembling angels ; ange- A full hot horff, w' bc'n:^ allow'u his way, Fea'.t on the waters with the prey they take.
iicai. Self-met. .
Shattfpeere. frailer.
I have mark'd Was th.: Lord i:. jlcaied againft the rivers: was
Totry to gain by fome infmuating
2. ar-
A thoufand blufh'rg P. thine anger agn'...: the rivers, was thy wrath a-
Suit innocent (names djjft ride upon thine h vies tifices, as fiih.es are caught by a bait.
i,.ti i-.e: ;
ce;it] gainllthe- fea, that i ;.

and th) c 1
ariiv. filiation? 2fch S. If he fpake couneoufly, he angler! the people's
...ole blulhcs. iii*
hearts: if he were Clent, hi mufed upon fome
Sbatfffeare. Anger is, according to fome, a traniient hatred,
s''-
Or v' ;

by ffn^if powers, .. . -: it. I

1

'' dangerous plot. Sia'xey.

By this face,
\Vit. -e:.5, and w eathes of heav'niy 2. Fain, or (mart, of a fore or (Welling.
This feeming brow of juO.ice, did he win
!'..
P.'fc's Rafe of the Led. In this fenx- it feems plainly deducible
and The heai IS of all that he did an*ls for. Sbakefp.
A'N G E L L i K E adj. [from .
c.ngel /;,a'.j from ai ~or. The pteafant'fl- angling is to ice the tllh
Refembling an angel. Imaiie ihe experiment, fitting the moxa where Cut with her gulden oars the fiiver ftream,
1:1 heiv'n .ticlt u n:e wert dreft the violence of n.y pain began, and where ;he AnJ greedily devour the treacherous bait;
.' l
firft
With that an*t!-i;ie J.lg.iiie.
gveaic:"; Jigcr Jnd forenefj angle we for Beatrice.
trailer. (till continued, notv.ith- So SSakelpeare.
A'NCEL-SHOT. ftanuing the f of my foot. Tuxflt.
._/". [perhaps properly
.-.
lling A'NGLE-ROD. n.f. [angel roede, Dutch.]
To A'NGER. <v. a. [from the noun.]
being folden together with a
angle- foot, The ftick to which the line and hook are
hinge.] Chain-mot, being a canno
1. To make a;igr> ; to provoke ; to enrage.
Who wc.jid i;.r the- mca.ieir. arcifan, which hung.
bullet cut in two, and the halves being much in greatnefs ; the fmalleft being
It dirfereth
carrieth a good n.. HvAir.
for thatching of houfes ; the fecond bignefs is
joined together by a chain. D. Sometimes he angers me,
fit

u(cd for angle-rods ; and, in China, for beating of

AKGE'LICA. n.J. [Lat. ub angelica Vi With telling me of the moldwaip and the ant. Jfaccn.
offenders upon the thighs.
/.v.] The name ot a plant. Sbii:
He makvs a May-fly to a miracle, and furniihes
It has winded leaves div deJ inf) large feg-
There were fome late taxes and imp* litions in-
the whole country milnanfll-rals. MiliJ.x.
mcnts j
its fta.ks are ho 1. w and jointeJ ;
the troduced, which rather ar.gtred than grieved the
flowers gtow in an umbel uoon the tops of the people.
C/J/-I ;:</*H. A'NGLE R..H./. [from angle.] Hethatfifiies
, .-.nJ conlift jf five Laves, lucceeded hy two It
anger'd Turenne, once upon a day, with an angle.
Urge chainelle". 1 To fee a rbotman k ck'dthat took his pay.
;

fcfs. He, like a patient attglir, ere he ftrook,

Th-. i. Common or manured ange- 2. To make painful. Would let them play a while upon the liapk.
2. Greater wild Angelica.
.
3. Shining Ca- He turneth the humours back, and maketh the DryJm.
nada angelica. 4. Mountain perennial ..
wound bleed inwards, and angeretb malign ulcers Keither do birds alone, but many fi rts of fifties,
with columbine leaves. Mil' and pernicious impoithumati'.ns. Bacon. feed upon infefts; as is well known to anglers,

ANGELICA, n.f. A'NGERL v. adv. [from anger.] In an an- who bait their hooks with them. R*y-
(Berry bearing) [Aralia,
Lat.] gry manner ; like one oiFended : it is A'NGLICISM. [from Anglus, Lat.]
n.f.
A
The flower c mulls of many leaves, expanding now written angrily. form of fpeech peculiar to the Englilh
in form of a role, which are naked, growing on
Why, how now, Hecat ?
you look angcrly. language ; an Englifh idiom.
the top of th; ovary: thelc Moweri aie fucceeded
Siattjfrare. They corrupt their Itile with untutored atigli-
by gbbular fruits, which are foft and fucculent, Suchjefters indifcietion, is difli inert
cif.iu.
Mikon,
and full of oblong feeds. Milter. charitably to be pitied, than their exception ei her A'NGOBER. n.f. A kind of pear.
ANGE'LICAL. adj. [angtlicus, Lat.] angcrly to be grieved at, or lerioufly to be co^.uted
A'NGOUR. n.f. [angor, Lat.] Pain.
1. Refembling angels. If the patient be lurprifed with a lipctbymous
unto us the glorious works of God
It difcovereth ANGIO'CR APH Y. n.f, [from iyK<< am: about the ftoniach, ex-
angour, and great opprefs
y^cicfu.] A defcription of veffels in
and rarrieth up, with an angelical fwiftnefs, our the
petl no relief from cordials. Har-uey.
ty:s, that cur mind, being informed of his vilible human body ; nerves, veins, arteries, Inan an-
marvel:-, may continually travel upward.
A'NCRILY. ad<v. [from angry.~\
Raleigh and lymphaticks.
gry manner ; furioufly ; peevifhly.
z.
Partaking of the nature of angels. ANGIO'LOGY. n, f. [from a.yfi~Qt and I will fit as quiet as a bmb ;
Others more mild,
Retreated in a filent valley, fing Xo>o;.] treatife or difcourfe A of the I will not ftir, nor wince, nir (peak a word,
With notes angelical to many a harp veflels of a human body. Nor look upon the iron angiily. Shakeffcart.
Their own heroick deeds, and haplefs fall ANGIOMONOSPE'RMOUS. adj. [from a A'N G R Y adj. [from anger. ]
.

By doom of battle. Milton JiioF and o-Tr/w.a.] Such plants

f/.itt<, 1. Touched with anger ; provoked.

3. Belonging to angels; fuiting the nature as have but one fmgle feed in. the feed- Oh let not the Lord be angry, and 1 will fpeak :
or dignity of angels. peradventurc there ftiall be thirty f )unJ there.
pod. Gen. xviii. 30.
It may be encouragement to confider the
pleafure ANGIO'TOMY. n.f. [from ayArov, and
of fpeculations, which do raviih and fublime thi It feems properly to require, when the
-rifj.iu, cutting open of the vef-
to cut.] A 2.
thoughts with more clear angelical contentments.
Will'init Dadalus fels, as in the opening of a vein or artury object of anger is mentioned, the parti-
A'NGLli. n.f. [angle, Fr. angulu;, Let/ cle at before a thing, and luith before a
ANGE'I.ICALNESS. n.f. [from angelical.'
The Thcfpace intercepted between two Hues perfon ; but this is not always observed.
quality of being angelical ; refem Your Corinlanus is not ni ich milie.i, but wuh
blance of angels ; excellence more than interfering or meeting, fo as, if conti- his friends : the commonwe tlth. doth ll ind, and fo
human. nued, they would iuterfecl each other. Would do, where he angry j/ Si abaffcarf. . .

Angle 'f the centre <J u cirtle, is an an?ie whoM

r

ANGE'LICK. N.iw therefore be not grieved, nor jngry ivitb

adj. [angelicas, Lat.] Parta- verux, or Angular point, is at the centre of a circle
yourlelves, that ye fold me hither !o. God did :

king of the nature of angels; angelical and whofc ic^ are two lemidiamcters of cha: cir- fend me before you to preferve 1'u'e. GYn. xiv. 5.
above human. cle. oVont-'j DiEl, I think it a vail pleafure, that whenever t^o
Here happy creature, fair angelick Eve, A'NGLE. n.f. [angel, Germ, and Dutch/ per jiie of merit regard one another, Ic. inany
Partake thou alfo. Milton An inftrument to take fiih, coniifting o: fcoundrels envy and are angry at them. Sti>Ji.
My fancy f .rm'd thee of angelick kind, a rod, a line, and a hook. the appearance of anger ha-
SmTv; emanation of th' all-beauteous mind.
Pof't
3. Having ;
She. alto had an angle in her hand ; but the take
A'NCELOT. mufical inftrumen
n. f. A was fo taken, that (he had forgotten taking.
ving the tfFeft of anger,
ii-iich w nd -I ii >h Ujth an
fomewhat refembling a lute. Ditt
'1 .1.".
away rain : fo
Sidney
angry coun enance a backbiting tongue.
A'NGER. Give me thine an^L", we'll to the river, then, Prw,
n.f. [A word of no certain mulick playing tar
KXV. 23,
My off, 1 will betray
etymology, but, with moil probability Tawny-finn'd j
fiih
my bending hook Ihall pierce
a
l
. In chirurgery, painful j inflrtrned j
derived by Sfanner from anje, Sax Their fliroy jaws. Sbakejpiarc fmarting.
This
 A N G A N I A N I

n.f. [anbelo, Lat/] The

Tl-.ii ferjm, being accompanied T>y Ae thinner ANHELA'TION. Animals are fuch beings, which, befides
par's of the blood, growi
red and mgry ; and, aft of the flate of being out the power of growing, and producing
panting ;
\vanting it due tegrcfs into the mali,
fuft gathers
of breath. their like, as plants and vegetables have,
int > a hard fwclling, and, in a low days, ripens
ANHELO'SE. Out of are endowed alfo with fenfation and fpon-
into matter, and fo diicharg-tru W:i adj. [anbelui, Lat.]
breath ; panting ; labouring of being taneous motion. Mr. Ray gives two
A'NCUISH. n.f. \angoifli, Fr. angor, Lat.] Did. fchemes of tables of them.
cut or breath.
Exceffive pain either of mind or body;
ANIE'NTED. [aneanlir, Fr.]
Frul- jfnimals arc
adj.
applied to the mind, it means
the pain
trated "Sanguineous, that is, luch as have blood, which
of /arra-w, and is feldom ufed to fignify brought to nothing.
;
either by
other
AN I'G H i s. ad"j. [from a for at, and night.] 'ic

paflions. ("Lungs, having cither

Not fo cheerful feemed (he of fi^ht,
In the night time. Two
ventricles in their heart, and thofe
all f
At was her filter; whether dread did dwcil, Sir Toby, you mud come in earlier anigkti ; my cither
hour;.
lady takes great exceptions at your
ill
Or arguijb,
in her heart, is hard to tell.
Skakcfpeare. C Aquatick, as the whale kind,
Fairy Queen.
Virtue's butijfj/i, when 'tis feve.al, A'NIL. n. f. The flirub from whole leaves \ Terrcftria), as quadrupeds ;
By occaCin waic'd, and ci:cumita:rial ; and ftalks indigo is prepared. O.iparous, as birds.
!Vivipjrou?,
Tine viitue' ul 's always in all deeds all. Dcxr.e.
fc
ANI'LKNESS. The But one ventricle in the heart, as frogs, tor-
1 n.f. [anilitas, Lat.]
They had pcrfecutors, whofe invention was as ANI'LITY. an old toifcs, and ferpents.
Wit and malice confpirej J ftate of being Gills, as
j>rcjt as their cruelty. all fanguineous fifties, except the
to find out fuch deaths,and thofe of luch incredi- woman ;
the old age of women. whale k nd. ;

ble argurjh, that only the manner of dying was the A'NIMABLE. adj. [from animate.] That .uinenus, or without blood, which may be
punilhment, death itfelf the deliverance. South. which may be put into life, or receive div.ded into
Perpetual arguijh fills His anxious bieaft, animation. Di<3. "G:eat.T, and thofe cither
Not ftopt by htilincfs, nor compns'd by reft; Naked,
No mufick cheers him, nor no fcift can .pleafc. ANIMADVE'RSION. n.f. [animaJ-JCi-Jto, f Terrefrrial, as naked fnails.
Dryden. Lat.] I Aquatick, as the poulp, cutt!e-fim, *:c.

A'NGUISHED. adj. [from anguijh.}

Seized 1. Reproof; fevere cenfure ; blame. f Covered wi.th a tegumint, tillicr
He difmifl'ed their commiliioners with fevere and J Cruftaceous, as lobllers and crab-fi/h.
with anguiih ; tortured ; ejcceflively
iharp ar.imadvftjions. Cldrenasn. \ Teftaceous, either
pained : not in ufe. 2. Punifhment. When the objeft of ani- f Univalve, as limpets ;
Feel no touch < Bivalve, as oyiieis, mufcles, cockles ;
mentioned, it has the
Of confcience, but of fame, and be mad<verjion is par- ( Turbinatc, a/ periwinkles, fnails, &c.
Aigviffd, not (Jut 'twas fin, but that 'twas flie. ticle on or upon before it.
_Le(Ter, as infccls of a.i forts.
Donni. When a bill is debating in parliament, It is ufual
Viviparous hai:\ ,:r;n:. :':, --r
quaJrupeds, arc either
A'NGULAR. adj. [from angle,,] to have the controverfy handled by pamphlets on ~H-)ofoJ, wiiicil a.t*
cornered. both fidei ; without the lealt vfon the a'tmaavaftm f Whole-footed or hoofed, as the horfe and afs
1. Having angles or corners ;
authors.
;

As for the figure of cryftal, it is for the molt Sivift. Cloven-footed, having the hoor' div.ded into
cornered, being built upon
In law. ("Two principal parts, called bifulca, either
part hexagonal, or fix 3.
a confuted matter, from whence, as it were from An ecclefiaftica! cenfure, and an ecclefiaftical T Such as chew not the cud, as Twine;
Ruminant, or fuch as chew the cud dl.
tuimadtMrfai, are dift'erent things; for a cenfure
-J
a root, angular figures ariff, even as in the ame- ;

has a relation to a fpiritual punilhment, but an vidcd into

thyft and bafaltes. Broivn"! Vulgar Errours
one Such as have perpetual and hollow horns*
ammad'vcrfan has only a refpedt to a temporal
:

2. Confiding of an angle. over

as, degradation, and the delivering the perfon
The diftance of the edges of the knives from one
to the fccular court. slylifci farergan.
another, at the diOance of four inches from the
angular point, where the edjes of the knives meet, 4. Perception; power of notice: not in ufe.
as have lolid, branched, and deciduous
Such
was thecighth part of an inch. Ntivton'i Ofticks. The foul is the fole percipient which hath ani-
horns, as the deer-kind.
The madvirjljt! and fenfe, properly fo called. Glaavillc.
ANGULA'RJTV. n.f. [from angular.'] Four part , or quadr.iulca, as the rhinoceroi
ANIMADVE'RSIVE. adj. [from animad- and hippopotamus.
quality of being angular, or having That has
the power of perceiv-
_

<vert.} ^Clawed or digitate, having the foot divided into

corners.
ing ; percipient not in. ufe. : Twa pan--;
or toes,
having two nails, as the
A'NC, ULARL y. ad<v . [from <Mrf/ar.]"With
The rd'cntation of objcfts to the f nil, the camel-kind ;
re;
angles or corners. only anitgffh/erftvt principle, i? conveyed by mo- M.mytoes or claws; either
Another pi.t of the fame folution afforded us tions ma-le on the immediate organs ot fcnfe. C Unffvided, as the elephant ;
an ice angularly figured. / divided, which have either
'

G.'*:

A'N c u L A R N ESS The ANIM ADVE'RSIVENESS. n.f. [fromanim- C Brjad nails, and an human /nap;, as apes;
.
n.f. [from angular.]
^ Narrower, and more pointed
quality of being angular. ail-verjivc.] The power ot animadverting, which, in rcfpeft of their teeth, are divided into fuch
A'NGULATED. adj [from angle.] Formed .
or making judgment. Dici. as have
with angles or corners. To ANIMAOVE'RT. <v.n. [animaJ-verto, M.my foreteeth, or cutters, in each juv ;
Topazes, amcthyfts, or emeralds, which grow in The greater, which have
the filTures, are ordinarily cryftalliz'.l, or (hot into Lat.] A Ihortcr fnout and rounder head, as the
1. To pafs cenfures upon.
.angutotcd figures,- wb'-reas, in the (frata, th y aro cit-kind ;
I fliuuld not animatt'yirt anhim, who \vv.s a pain- A
found in ruJclu;rjps, l.ke yellow, purple, .-'nd green longer fnout and head, as the dog-kind.
ful nbfcrver of the decnum of the ft.i^ '
''" ' IC
pel!
. It' ..iward. The Iclfer, the vermin o
h-id n it ufetl extreme (everity in his judgment of
AN r.u L o's T y . n.f [ from angulcu*
i .
]
An -
>
mpii-.-ablc Shakefpearc. DiyJn.
OiJy t\\

tivorou.s, and die ..

gularity ; cornered form. ])..'.

2. To inflict In both fenfcs ki
punilhments. Ray.
A'N ou LOUS. aJj. [from angle.] Hooked; with the particle upon. are proper enough to r?pjir ,;.

angular. If trie Author of the un'verfe anautAvtrtivpw as being near ot tl

N >r ,.m
be a difference, that the parts of
it
men lu-ic below, how much more will it become and as conli.riug
.nial juices, ot' tin,
bodies are he!d together by hooks, and iirgci- l]'t-ii M do it
upon their entrance into a hig
paits
with anim.il fubftanc^i, fpirit,
faui invblutiona fincc the coherence of the parts Gri'.u which a-o
;
effacing ?
oil, earth ;
all c: nt.iinfd in thi lap
of thcle w:il be of as difficult a conception.
Gl.ir.-uille.
AN I MA D v E'R TE
ammml-uert. ]
R .
n.f. [ from they derive from th:-
S->mc of Lhe an.
A V OI''ST. He that paiTes ceniures, or inflicts pu-
adj. [aMuftnt,Lat.] Narrow; M o;- in'^rv. : . I >r a ,-

ftrait.
nimments. of moti-ms frum rlace ..> p: ici-, an-,1 n
ri-jty
CI. u i s . obferver of, and a f-verc an'imjti-
itrift
of life within themftlves, as
ANG-STA'TION. n.f. [from angiijliu.] vcntr fuch as prt'fume to partake of th"ff
i i

ufwjt!, and infects ; thcle are called aniru/s, Othsr^ni-

The if
m.iking narrow; tlraiteaing;
;\ "t
tt luch a prepatAtion* South. nia; iubiranccs are called vegetables, wiiich have
ii

the of being narrowed.

ft.itL-
A'NFMAL. within trM-mlclvcs the principles of anotl/cr fort
n.f. [animal, Lat.]
The caul-: may be referred either to the of life :md gro.vih, and of various productions of
itioulnefs of the blood, or tj obit. .
gru- i. A living creature corpo/eal, dillinft, on
leaves and fruit, fuch as we lee in plants, herbs,
fimew'ine the one fide, from pure fpirit ; on the '
*'.-n in its pa:..i,;e, by fouie ttr.
and trees.
it by fait of the tumour. :
mjn. other, from mere matter.
 A N I A N K A N N
2. By way of contempt, we fay of a ftupid Warriours file fires with tnintteil founds; gte fnabw; Azan'-.lc-i- nevi\<\ fliew itfelf by aflia.
man, Pours balm into the bleeding lover's wounds. Fife. dow given iin:ierncath, a> the.Jciiee. I'cacbjn*
th.-.t lie is
ajli.pij animal.
A'NIMAL. A'NIM ATENESS. n.f. [from animate.'] A'NNALIST. n.f. [froniiJ*W.r.] A writer
aaj. [animalis, Lat.J
1. That which belongs or relates to ani-
The itate of being animated. Difl. of annals.
TI i.- own

mals.
ANIMA'TION. n.f. [from animate."] amalift has given the fanr; t'tle tn
that f Syrmium.
There are thing* in the world of fpirits, where- 1. The aft of animating or enlivening. Atterbury.

in our ideas are very dark and confufed Plants or vegetables are the principal part of the A'NNALS. n.f. without Jingular num-
j
fuch as
third day's work. They are the firft fnxlucat, ber. \_annales, Lat.] Hiftories digefted in
their union with animal nature, the of their way which is the word of aaiaj-i >:.
afting on material beings, and their converfe with
Bacon. the ejcacl order of
time ; narratives in
each other. ffatts't Logick. 2. The ftate of being enlivened. which every event is recorded under its
2. Animal funftions, diftinguilhed from Two motions in all animation are its
general
proper year.
natural and 'vital, are the lower beginning and encreafe ; and two more to run Could you with patience hear, or I relate,
powers and declination.
of the mind, as the will, memory, and through its ftate
O nymph the tedious anr.ah of our fate ;
!

Brv&rii Vulgar Erreun,

Through fuch a train of woes if I fliould run,
imagination. A'NIM ATIVE. adj. [from animate.'] That The day would fooner than the talc be done !

j. Animal life is
oppofed, on one fide, which has the power of giving life, or DryJsrr,
to intelleflual, and, on the other, to -ve- animating.
We are afTured, by many glorious examples in the
enrtaliof our religion, that every one, in the like
getable. ANIMA'TOR. n.f. [from animate."] That circumftances of diftrefs, will not aft and argue
4. Animal is ufed in oppofition to fpiritual which gives life ; or any thing analo- thus ; but thus will every one be tempted to a<3.
or rational; as, the animal nature.
gous to life, as motion. Rsgcn.
AN I.M A'LCU LE.
n.f. \animakulum, Lat.] Thofe bodies being of a congenerous nature, do A'N N A T s .
n.f. without jingular. \annates t
A
fmall animal ; particularly thofc which readily receive the impreflions of their motor, and,
Lat.]
if not fettered
are in their firft and fmalleft ftate. by their gravity, conform themfelvcs Firft fruits ; becaufe the rate of firft
1 .
to ntuations, wherein
We arc to know, that they all come of the feed they beft unite to their ani-
of amnplculu of their own kind, that were before mator. Brrtun. fruits paid of fpiritual livings, is after
laid there. ANIMO'SE. adj. [animcfut, Lat.] Full one year's profit. Coiuell.
Ray.
AN M A' L i T Y offpirit; hot; vehement. Difl, 2. Malfes faid in the Romifh church for
i .
n.f. [ from animal. ] The
ftate of animal exiftence. ANIMO'SENESS. n.f. [from animofe.'] Spi-
the fpace of a year, <Jr for any other
The word animal
only fignifies human
firft - rit ; heat
vehemence of temper. Die3.
; time, either for the foul of a perfbn de-
tnaiity. In the minor propofition, the word ani- ANIMO'SITY. n.f. [anime/ttas,La.t.'\ Ve- ceafed, or for the benefit of a perfoa
mal, for the fame reafon, (ignifies the animaliy of hemence of hatred ; paffionate malig-
a goofe : thereby it becomes an living. Ajlijf'e's Parergcn.
ambiguous term, a difpofitkm to
It implies rather To ANNE'AL.W. a. [aelan, to heat,
and unfit to bild the conclufion Waiti. nity. Saxon.]
upon.
r< A'NIM ATE. v. a.
break out into outrages, than die out- 1. To heat glafs, tKat the colours laid oa
[animo, Lat.] be
1. To quicken ; to
alive; to give make rage itfelf. it may fixed.
They were fure to bring paflion, But when thou doft anneal in glafs thy ftory,
life to aumtjlly, and
:
as, the foul animates the body ; malice enough of their own, what evidence foevcr - then the light and glory
man
muft have been animated
by a they had from others. Clarexdcn. More rev'rend grows, and more doth win,
higher power. If there is not fome method found out for al- Which elfe fhews wat'rim, bleak, and thin.
. To give powers to; to heighten the laying thefe heats and animo/i.'iei among the fair Herlert.
fux, one does not know to what outrages they may When you purpofe to anneal, take a plate of iron
powers or effecl of any thing. proceed. made fit for the oven ; or take a blue (tone, which
But none, ah none can animate the _ Addifan.
!
lyre, No religious fed ever carried their averfions for being made fit for the oven, lay it upon the crofi
And the mute firings with vocal fouls :
each other to greater heights than our ftate bars of iron.
infpire
par-
Pcacham*
Whether the learn'd Minerva be her theme, ties have done j who, the more to inflame their Which her own inward fymmetry reveal'd,
Or chafte Diana bathing in the ftream j
p jfiions, have mixed religious and civil ammojitia And like a picture mone, in glafs anneal' J. Dryd.
None can record their heav'nly praife fo well
together ; borrowing one of their appellations from 2. To heat glafs after it is blown, that it
As Helen, in whofe eyes ten thoufand
Cupids dwell. the church.
Drjdtn. A'N is E. n.f. [anifum, Lat.] A fpecies of
Swift. may not break.
3. To encourage; to incite. 3. To heat any thing in fuch a manner as
The more to ultimate the people, he flood on apium or pnrfley, with large fweet-fcent- to give it the true temper.
ed feeds. This plant is not worth
high, from whence he might be belt heard, and pro- To ANNE'X. tr. a. \annetlo, annexum, Lat.
cried unto them with a loud voice. Kndln. pagating in England for ufe, becanfe annexer, Fr.]
He was animated to expeft the papacy, the feeds can be had much better and
by the 1. To unite to at the end
prediction of a foothfayer, that one fliould fac- as, he annexed ;

eted Pope Leo, whofe name fhould be Adrian. cheaper from Italy. Miller. a codicil to his will.
Ye pay the tythe of mint, and anife, and cum-
Bacon,
min, an j have omitted the weightier matters of the
2. To unite, as a fmaller thing to a
A'N M A T E aaj [from To he annexed a province to
animate.'} Alive ;
i . .
law, judgment, mercy, and faith : thefc ought ye greater ; as,
poflefling animal life. to have done, and not to leave the other undone. his kingdom.
_AI1
bodies have fpirits and pneumatical
parts
Matt, xxiii. 23. 3. To unite a poferiori ; annexion always
v.-ithin them ; but the main differences
between A NKER. A
an'mate and inanimate, are two the firft i', that
[antter, Dutch.]
./. liquid prefuppofing Something : thus we may
:
meafure chiefly ufed at Amfterdam. It
thefpirits of things animtt are all contained within fay, puniihment is annexed to guilt,
themfelvsi, and are branched in veins and fccret
is the fourth
part of the awm, and con- but not guilt to puniihment.
canals, as blood is; and, in living creatures, the
tains two ftekans : each ftekan confifts fate or the opinions of
Concerning dcftiny,
fpirits have not only branches, but certain teUs or of fixteen mengles ; the thofe learned men, that have written thereof
mengle being hnd they not thereunto
where the principal fpirits do rcfide, and may be fatcly received,
equal to two of our wine quarts.
,

whereunto the reft do refort : but the anntxij and laftened an ir .itable neceflity, and
fpirits in
Chambers. marie more general an
things inanimate are (hut in, and cut off by the it
univerfally powerful
tangible parf,, and are not pervious one to ano-
A'NKLE. n. f.
[ancleop, Saxon; anckel, than it is.
Aaieift.
ther, as air i& in frv.w. Bacvn. Dutch.] The joint which joins the foot Nations
will decline fo low
Nobler birth to the leg. From which is reafon, that no wrong.
virtue,
Of crsiturej ar.iira-.r with gradual )ifr, One of his aMn wa much fwrllcd an '
But julrice, and fome fat.il-curfe amtex'a,
Of growth, fenfe, reafon, all furrrm'd up in man. rated on the infide, in fcveral Deprives them ot their outward liberty. JIK/Kn.
places. Jfijtman. i mean nor the
ffjftpifi
My fimpie fyftem fnall fuppole, authority, which is annexed to
7 cr- are fsveral tcpicks ufcd That Alma enters at the toes your office I of that which is inborn
againft atheifm only
!

;
; fpcak
and idolatry ; futh as the vifible mirks of divine That then ftc mounts by jull and inherent to your pertbn. Drydcn.
degrees
wiHnm and goodriefs in the works of the creation, He cannot but love virtue wherever it is, an,l
Up to the aMn, log,, and knees. Fr'ur.
the vital union of fouls with
matter, and the ad- annex happinefs always to the exercife of it.
mirable firu&ure of aximate bodies.
A'N K L E-BO N n.f. [from ankle and
f. .
lent-.] Atterlurj.
Ber.tlcy.
A' MI MAT ED. participial The bone of the ankle. The temporal reward is anntxcJ to the bare
adj. [from ani- The (hin-bone, from the kn^e to the inftcp, ic of the aft'ion, but the eternal to the
pet [''irmanct;
mate.'] Lively ; vigorous. made by flwibwing one half of the !cj; with lin- .. obedience. Rogtrs.
VOL. I.
M ANNS'X,
 ANN ANN ANN
As one who long in populous city pent,
AN N E'X. n.f. [from To annex.] The thing . A day celebrated as it returns in the
Where houfes thick, and fewers, ar.r.cy the air,
annexed ; additament. courfe of the year. Forth ifluing on a Cummer's morn to breathe
Failing in his firft attempt to be but like
the For encouragement to follow the example of the pleafant villages, and farms
Among
highcrl in heaven, he hath obtained of men to be martyr;, the primitive chriltians met at the places Adjoin'd, from each thing met conceives delight.
the fame on earth, and hath accordingly affumcd of their martyrdom, to praife God for them, and Milttn.
the annexe* of divinity. Brown. to obfcrve the annivtrfary of their fufterings. Infefls fcldom ufe their offenfive weapons, un-
ANNEXA'TION. Stillingjlfft. lefs provoked : let them but alone, and annoy them
n.f. [from annex.]
addition.
. The aft of celebration, or performance, not. R"j.
1. Conjunction ;
.

Jf we can
return to that charity and peaceable
in honour of the anniverfary day. \NNO'V. n.f. [from the verb.] Injury;
mindednefs, which Chrift fo vehemently recom-
Donne had never feen Mrs. Drury, whom he moleftation ; trouble.
mends to us, we have his own promife, that the has made immortal in his admirable ann'ruerfaries. and wake in
Sleep, Richmond, fleep in peace,
whole body will be full of light, Matth. vi. that Drydtn. jy>
allother chriftian virtues will, by way of conco- .
dnni<verfary is an office
in the Romifh Good angels guard thee from the boar's anmy.
mitance or annexation, attend them. Hammond. church, celebrated now only once a year, Shatefftare,
Union aft or pradice of adding or be faid daily through All pain and joy is in their way ;
2. ; but which ought to
The things we fear bring lef> annoy
uniting. the year, for the foul of the deceafed. Than fear, and hope brings greater joy;
How
annexations of benefices firft came into
Parergon. But in themfelves they cannot ftay. I-
jiyliffe's
the church, whether by the prince's authority, or
ANNIVE'RSA nv.adj. [anniverfarius,La.t.] What then remains, but, after pall annoy,
the pope's licence, is a very great difpute.
with the revolution of the To take the good vicifiitude of joy ? DryJai.
Aylijfe'i Parergtit. Returning
ANNO'YANCE. n.f. [from annoy.]
AKNE'XION. n. f. [from annex.] The aft year ; annual ; yearly.
That which annoys ; that which
The heaven whirled about with admirable ce- 1 . hurts.
of annexing; addition. A
lerity, moft conftantly finiihing its anni-vcrfjry grain, a dud, a gnat, a wand'ring hair,
It is ncceflary to engage the fears of men, by in that precious fenfe.
viciflitudes. Ray. Any annoyance Statefp.
the annexion of fuch penalties as will overbalance
They deny giving any worOiip
to a creature, Crows, ravens, rooks, and magpies, are great
temporal pleafure. Rogers. 'Mir,
as inconfiftent with chriftianity; but confefs the annoyances to corn.
ANNE'XMENT. n.f. [from, annex.] honour and efteem for the martyrs, which they 2. The ftate of being annoyed ;"or ad of
1. The aft of annexing. and
expveflcd by keeping their Mlx'tverjan days, annoying.
recommending their example.
2. The thing annexed. Stillingfl.vt. The fpit venom of their poifoned hearts brcak-
When it falls,
jfNNO DOMINI. [Lat.] In the year
of eth out to the annoyance of others. linker.
Bach fmall armament, petty confequence, our Lord ; as, anno domlni, or A. D. The greateft annoyance and diflurbance of man-
Attends the boift'rous ruin. feventeen hun- k'nd has been from one of thofe two things, force
Shakefpeare.
1751 ; that is, in the or fraud. South.
ANNI'HIL ABLE. adj. [horn annihilate.] dred and fifty-firft year from the birth For the further annoyance and terrour of any
That which may be reduced to nothing ; of our Saviour. befieged place, they would throw into it dead
that which may be put out of existence. ANNO'ISANCE. ./. [from annoy, but not bodies. WiHins,

To ANNIHILATE, a. nibi- now in ufe.] ANNO'YER. n. f. [from To annoy.] The

-v. \advcA
lum, Lat.]
Ithath a double fignifkation. Any hurt done perfon that annoys.
either to a publick place, as highway, bridge, or A'NNUAL. from annus,
1. To reduce to nothing to put out of adj. \_annucl, Fr.
; common river ; or to a private, by laying an\
exiftcnce. thing that may breed infection, by encroaching,
Lat.]
It is impoflible for any body to be utterly an- or fuch like means. The writ that is brought 1 . That which comes yearly.
but that, as it was the work of the See NUISANCE, the Annual for me
the grape, the rofe, renew
nihilated; upon this tranfgreflion.
The juice neflareous, and the balmy dsw.
omnipotency of God to make fomewhat of no word now ufed. Bhunt. Pope*
thing, fo it recjuireth the like omnipotency to rfNNOLIS. An American animal, 2. That which is reckoned by the year.
n.f. The king's majeily
turn fomewhat into nothing. Bacon.
like a lizard.
Thou taught'ft me, by making me Does purpofe honour to you j to which
I-ove her, who doth neglect both me and thee, AN NOT A'T ION. 11.
f. [annofatio, Lat. A thoufand pounds a-yrar, annual fupport,
*I" invent and praclife this one way annihilate al
Explications or remarks written upor Out of his grace he aids. Shatffp. Henry VIII.
three. Dor.nc. books ; notes. 3. That which lafts
only a year.
He
defpaired of
r G
d's mercy ; he, by a de-
Itmight appear very improper to publiih ar.r.o- The dying in the winter of the roots of plants
collation tf all hope, annihilated his mercy. re- that are annual, fecmeth to be caufed liy the
tations, without the text itfelf whereunto they
Brown's Vulgar Errours late. Byle over-expence of the fap ; which being prevented,
Whofe friend/hip can ftand againft afiaults they will fuperannuate, if they ftand warm. Bacon.
ftrong enough to annihilate the friendfh'ip of puny
ANNOTA'TOR. n.f. [Lat.] A writer o.
Every tree may, in fome fenie, be faid to be
minds ; fuch an one has reached true conftancy. notes, or annotations; a fcholiaft ; a an annual plant, both leaf, flower, and fruit
South, commentator. proceeding from the coat that was fuperinduced
Some imagined, water fufficicnt to a delug< I have not that refpecl for the ari:statcrs, whicl over the wood the laft year. Ray.
was created, and, when the bufmefs was done
they generally meet witii the world. m A'NNUALLY. adv. [from annual.] Year-
difbanded and annihilated. Woodward Felton c,n the ClaJJicks
ly ; every year.
2. To dcftroy, fo as to make the thing To AKNO'UNCE. <v. a. [annonc'er, Fr. an By two drachms, they thought it fufficier.t to
otherwife than it was. nuncio, Lat.] fignify a becaufe the heart at one year
heart ;
The flood hath altered, deformed, or rathe 1. To to proclaim. ,,:th two drachms, that is, a quarter at an
publifh ;
annihilated, this place, fo as no man can find an Of the Mefliah 1 have heard foretold ounce j and, up.to fifty years, annually encreafeth
mark or memory thereof. Raleigh all the
the weight of one drachm.
By prophets 5 of thy birth at length
3. To annul ; to deftroy the agency o Aftfltatnfd by Gabriel with the firft I knew. Milt
J'; ;7L n'j Vulgar Errcxrs.
T

The whole ftrength of a nation is the utmoft

any thing. 2. To pronounce ; to declare by a judi that a prince can raife annually from his fubjeils.
There is no reafon, that any one commonweal!
cial Sentence.
ihould annihilate that whereupon the whoic wi;r! Swift.
bas agreed. Hooter
Thofe, mighty Jove, mean time, thy gloriou ANNU'ITANT. n.f. [from annuity.] He
care, that potteries or receives an annuity.
AN N i H n. A'T ION
M.f. [from annihilate.. Who model nations, publiih laws, announce
The aft of reducing to nothing. Th Or life or death. Prior
ANNUTTY. n.f. \annuiti, Fr.]
I. A yearly rent to be paid for term' of
ftate of being reduced to
nothing. To ANNO'Y. -v.a. [annoj/er, Fr.] To in
God
hath his influence into the very efl'ence o commode life or years. The differences between
; to vex ; to tea/.e ; to molef
things, without which their utter annihi/atk
Woe man a rent and an annuity are, that every
to poor ;
each outward thing 0/3
could not choofe but follow. Hake, rent is going out of land ; but an an-
him ;
That knowledge, which as fpirits we obtain, He heaps in inward grief, thai moft deftroys him nuity charges only the granter, or his
Is to be valued in the midft of pain :
Ar.mbi'.at'un were to lofe heav'n more :
Sidney heirs, that have aflets by defcent. The
Her joyous prefence and fweet company
We arc not quite exil'd, where thought can foar.
In full content he there did long enjoy ;
fecond' difference is, that, for the re-
Drydfn" Ne wicked envy, nor vile jcaloufy, ,cover)S of an annuity, no aftion lies,
A N i VE'RS A R Y. / [amiverfarius , Lat. His dear delights were able to aneoy. Fairy i^u . but only J&e, writ of annuity againft the
granter,
 A N O A N O A N O
but of But drove with acstfynes t" affuage the fm.trt,
granter, his heirs, or fucceflors ; 1. Quickly ; foon ;
in a (hort time.
a rent, the fame adlions do of land. And mildly thus her med'cine diJ impart. Dryd. A
lie as fnow, tumbled about,
little
si <
or abaters of pi.n ^t the alimentary -'/raj becomes a mountain.
The third difference is, that an annuity
kind,
c.yias,
are fuch as relax the tenfion of the
Shakefpcjre.
things Will they come abroad ansn?
is never taken for afTets, becaufe it is aftedted nervous fibres, as decoctions o^ cnvil- we
Shall feeyoung Ober,.n ? Sen jcnfin.
no freehold in law ; nor (hall be put in lient fubflances ;. thofe things winch dcilMy t'u'
However, witnefs, Keav'n !

execution upon a ftatute merchant, fta- particular acrimony which occasions the pain ; Heav'n, witnefs thou anm while we difcharge .'

or what deadens the fcnfation of the brain, by

tute ftaple, or elegit, 3 a rent may. Frcfly cur part. MUton.
procuring deep. JtriutbtKt. He was not without defign at that prelent, as
Coiuell.
To ANOTNT. 11. a. \oindre, enoindrc, (hall be made
out^wcw; meaning by lhat device
2. A yearly allowance. to withdraw himfelf. C/ar.
He was g;per.iliy kn'nvn to be the fon of one part, oint, enoint, Fr.]
Still as I did
the leaves infpire,
rl, and brother to another, who fupplied his ex-
1. To rub over with unctuous matter, as
With fuch a purple light they (hone,
pence, beyond what cis arr.uity from his father oil, or unguents. As if they had been made of fire, .

C.'t.' < sln?nti-J let me be with deadly venom. Sbakefp. And Spreading fo, would ilamc ancn. Walltf.
AN N u't. v. a. Thou (hah have oliv. oei's throughout all thy
?"<!
[from //;.<;.]
but thou ilialt njt anoint thyielf with the
2. Sometimes ; now and
then ; at other
1. To make void ; to nullify; to abro-
oil :
,

for thine olive (hall caft his fru t.

times. In this fenfe is uted e-i-er and
to abolifh. ancrz r for now and then.
gate ; Dint. xxvi;S 40.
Th.r to the law, is the autho-
To Full forty days he pafs'd, whether on hill
2. finear ; to be rubbed upon.
that ena-lb it and whoever deftroys this
Sometimes, anm in (hady vale, each night,
rity ;
Warm
waters then, in brazen caldrons borne,
, aut! .
R^.i-i. Are pour'J to wjlh his body, joint by in -, }
Or harbour'd in-one cave, is notreveal'd. Mlhcn*
2. To reduce to nothing ; to obliterate. And fragrant oils the ftifi'oi:'ii limbs ani'm:.' ANO'N YMOUS. adj. [x fri<v. and oo^a.]
to me 's extinct,
Wanting a name.
,
Drydcr,.
And her various objects of delight
ail
To confecrate
3. by unftion. Thefe animalcules ferve alfo for food to another
Annuil'd, which mi^lu in part my grief have eas'd. w .aid r.Dt fee thy of the waters.
I filter anorynictts infect Ray.
Milt. In his ar.o':n!cd fi;<h (lick b lariih 1 hey would forthwith publiih flandcrs unfu-
fangs. Sbjitff.
A'.-; N u A R adj. [from annulus, Lat.] In nimcd, the authors being anciymcus, the imme-
i. .
ANO'INTER. n.f. [(ram anoint.] The
the form of a ring. diate pub)i(hers thereof fculking.
That they might not, perfon that anoints.
in bending the arm or Nates on tbt Dur.ciad.
ANO'MALISM. n.f. [from anomaly.'] Ano-
'

leg, rife u: 1
. i them to the bones by an- A NO'N Y MOUSLY. adv. [from enfaynnuf.J
1

ligaments. Cbryr.e. maly ; irregularity ; deviation, from the Without a name.

A'NNULARY. annulus, Lat.]
common rule. Dift. I would know, whether the edition is to come
adj. [from
In the form of rings. Ar.OMALi'sTiCAL. adj. [from anomaly.~\ oatamiymcujlj, among complaints of fpuiious edi-
'1
r.-ipir.ition is
necefTary, the Irregular ; applied in altronomy to the tions. Swift.
-pipe is maje w'.th atinnLir'j caitilages, that
year, taken lor the time in which the A'NOREXY. n.f. [aK>{v;|a.] Inappetency,
the fides of it
may not Hag and fall together. Kay. or loatliing of food.
earth pafleth through its orbit, diftinft Quincy.
A'N NCLET. n.f. [from annulus, Lat.] ANO'THER.
from the tropical year. adj. [from an and otber."\
1. A little ring.
ANO'MALOUS. and wj*X'/] i. Not the fame.
adj. [ttpri-i>.
2. [In heraldry.] A difference or mark He that lay a foundation for perpetual
n 't
Irregular ; out of rule ;
v,ill

of deviating from
diftinftion, which the
brother of fifth
the general method* or analogy of diforder, neceflity find anahcr rile of go-
muft of
things. v.'rnmcnt than that. Locks.
?.'iv
family ought to bear in his coat of It is applied, in grammar, to words
arms. in One more ; a new addition to the
deviating from the common rules of former number.
3. Annulets are alfo a part of the coat- inflection ; and, in
armour of feveral families ; they were ailronomy, to the
feemingly irregular motions of the pla- What ! will the line ftretch out to th" crack of
anciently reputed a mark of nobility nets. doom ?

and jurifdiiftion, it being the cailom of There will arife ananahus disturbances not only Jlt::lkcr yet ? a feventh ! I'll fee no more.

prelates to receive their inveftiture per in civil and but alfo in military officers.
artificial, Sbakeffearf.
baculu-n & annulum. He
Vj J^nlgar Errours. 3. Any other
man
; any one elfe.

The fmall fquare being acquainted with fomc characters of If one. judge Aall
fin againft another, the
4. [Ii architecture.]
every may at pleasure make him un- judge him. i StmutI, ii.
25.
members, in the Dorick capital, under derftand ammafout pronunciation. Holder. Why not of her ? preferred above the reft
the quarter round, are called amtulets. Met.ils arc gold, filver, copper, tin, lead, and By him with knightly deeds, and open love pro-
.'.ulet is alfo ufed for a narrow flat iron : to which we may join that ancmalnui body, fefs'd ;

So had another been, where he his vows addrcfcM*

moulding common to other parts of the quickfilver or mercury. Lctke.

column; fo called, becaufe it encom-

ANO'M ALOUSLY. ad<v.[from anomalous.} Dtyden.
in a manner contrary to 4. Not one's felf.
paffes the column round. Chambers. Irregularly ;

rule.
A man have difFufed his life, his (elf,
(hall
To A.' '.K.ATE. -v. a. [finnumero, and his whole concernments fo far, that he can
Eve was not fnlemnly begotten, but fudJenly
Lat.] To add to a former number ; to framed, and proceeded from Adam. weep his forrovvs with arutber^s eyes; \vhen he
anmahufy has another heart befides his own, both to /hare,
unite to iomething before mentioned. r
Br'jivris l .i.^'r
rr<7Hrj.J South.
ANNU MER A'TION. jn-1 t) tupport his grief.
.
f. [annumtratia, ANO'MALY. n.f.- [anomalit, Fr. anoi/ia- different altered. much
Addition to a former number. 5. Widely ;
Lat.] lia, Lat. >i-/x.ax-.] Irregularity ; de- \Vlv:n the foul is beaten from its (lation, and
To ANN'U'NCIATE. v. a. [annumio, viation from the common rule. the mounds of virtue are broken down, it be-
Lat ] To bring tidings ; to relate If we (hould chance to find a mother debauch- comes quite atutkcr thing from what it was, be.
word her daughter, as fuch monitors have been Scutb
.thing thit has fallen out : a ing fore.

not in popular ufe. feen, we mull charge this upon a peculiar aritu.'ly ANO'TH ERCAINES. adj. [ See- A NOT H EH -
and bafcnels of nature. Smth.
: NCI A' i ON DAY. n.f. [from an-
i
1 do not purfue the many pfeudojrapliies in GUESS.] Of another kind. This word
.."/.] The Jay celebrated by the ufe, but intend to Jhcw how moll of thcfe ano-
I have found only in Sidney.
maliti in writing might be avoided, and better If my father had not plaid the hafty I
church, in memory of the angel's falu- fool,

tation of the bk-ffed Virgin ; folemnized fupplied. H'jltlcr. might have had anotbirgaincs hufband than Da,
A'NOMY. meus. S'uhy.
with us on the twenty-fifth of March. n.f. [apri-j. andoft-.] Breach
ijy of the annunciation, or Lady-
of law. ANO'THERGUESS.^'. [This word, which
.>: on the incarn t
If fin be good, and jnfr, and lawful, it is no though rarely ufed in writing, is fome-
more evil, it is no (in, no jnomy. what frequent in colloquial language, I
Branil'all j
conceive to be corrupted from another
A'NOD v NE. a. and That ANO'N. ad-v . [Juntas imagines it to be an that is, of a different guife, or
adj. [from iotY/;.] giiife
;

which has the power of mitigating pain. elliptical form of fpeaking for ;'/; one,
manner, or form.] Of adifferent kind.
Yi:t '

'.nd,
that is, in one minute ; Skinner from a Oh Hocus! where art thou ? It ufed to go' in
ncbler parts were i and neart, or near ; Mixjheiv from en c//.] ifjs manner in thy time. '-
drbutbnct.

4 M 2 A'NSATEB
 A N S A N S ANT
It was but fuch a likencfs as an imperfea glafi
To perform what is endeavoured or
A'NSATED.<#. [anfatui, Lat.] Having 12. doth give, aitfutratle enough in fome features and
handles ; or fometl.ing in the form of intended by the agent. colours, but erring in others. Sidney,
Our part is, to choofe out the mod dclervmg The daughters of Atlas were ladies who,
ac-
handles. moft likely to tnfmtr the ends fuch as came to be regiftered among
objects, and the companying
7o A'NSWER. v. a. [The etymology is of our charity, and when this it done,
al
the worthies, brought forth children anj-wiral'lt in
be left
uncertain; the Saxons had anbf-papian, done that lif s in our power I the reft muft quality to thofc
that begot them. Rjleigb*
but in another fenfe ; the Dutch have to prnvidence. Alterbvry.
4. Proportionate ; fuitable.

eMf.vcori/fn.] 13. To comply with. Only add

dies that touches of this fruit,
He Deeds to thy knowledge anj-wtratle ; add faith,
1. Tofpcak in return to
a queftion.
Till I and affairs are anfwered. Add virtue, add love
Are we fucccur'd ? are the Moors remov'd? my Sbaleffeare. patience, temperance ;
To fucceed to produce tke wifhed By name to come call'd charity, the foul
and then a thoufand 1 ;
Atj-wcr thefc queftions firft, 4.
Of all the reft. Jdfch.
more. event.
her counfel, whereto when tl Suitable Anted.
Jfwer them altogether. _
;
Drjdcu. Jafon followed 5.
2. To fpeak in oppofition. event had a*f-u.-ertd,\K again demanded the
fleece. The following, by certain eftatcs of mtn, *-
Raleigh. (werable to that which a great perfon himfelf
No man was able to aifiocr him a word. or al- of foldiers to him that hath been
Maitbnv, xxii. 46. In operations upon bodies for their verfion profeflcth, as
doth not in the wars, hath been a thing well
M it be faid, we may
difcover the elementary teration, the trial in great quantities
fo deceive* many.
employed
taken even in monarchies. Bacon,
ing'edlents of things, anfwer, that it is not
I ttfvitr the trial in fmall : and
Bacon. If anfiuerable ftyle I can obtain.
necefl'ary that
fuch a difcovery fliould be practi-
To Of my celeftial pa'tronefs. Af.ltcit,
cable. Beyle,
15. appear to any call, or authoritative
Tobe accountable for: with/or which fenfe, though figu- 6. Equal equivalent.
a. fummons ; in ;

Thofe many had not dared to do evil There be no kings whofe means are anftveralJe
may be,
ratively, the following paflage unto other men's dcfires. Raleigh^
If the firft man that did th' ediG infringe
Had aisfuni 'a fir his deed.
1

Sbalefpeare. perhaps, taken. 7. Relative ; correlative.

Thou wert better in thy grave, than to tnfuier,
Some men have finned in the principles of this extremity of the
That, to every petition for things needful,
with thy uncovered body,
humanity, and muft anf-iver fir not being
men. '
there ftiould anfivtrablc fentence of
be fome
fkies. Slakcfptart.
Brown's Vulgar Erreuri. . thanks provided particularly to follow, is not re-
If there be any abfurdity in this, our author 16. To be over-againft any thing. quifite.
Soaker*
iraft anfwer for it. Locke. Fire avfuien and, by their paly beams,
fire, A'NSWERABLV. adv. [from
Sbal. anfiueratk.}
To vindicate ; to give a Each battle fefs the other's umbcr'd face. with proper cor-
4. j unificatory In due proportion ;
account of: withyir^ A'NSWER. n.f. [from To anfwer. ]
refpondence ; fuitably.
1. That which is faid, whether
in fpeech
The
night, fo impudently fixed for my laft, The broader feas are, if they be entire, and
made impreflion on myfelf
little ; but 1 cannot cr writing, in return to a queftion, or free from iflands, they are anjmrably deeper.
tifwrrfar my family. Swift.
pofition.
Brerrwocd en Language!*'

5.
To give an account. It was a right anfwer of the phyfician to
his It bears light forts, into the atmofphere, to a
How
they have been fince received, and fo
well fore eyes: If you have more greater or lelTrr height, anfwcrably to the greater
patient, that had
to God or man, wine is good. or lefler intenfcncfs of the heat. Woodward,
improved, let thofe anfti-tr either pleafure in wine, than in your fight,
who have been the authors and promoters of fuch Lode. A'NSWERABLENESS. n.f. [from fnfuier--
wife council. Tetnflt. Howcan we think of appearing at that tribu- The quality of being anfwer-
able.~\
He wants a father to protefl his .youth, nal, without being able to give
a ready anftaer
Diff.
able.
And rear him up to virtue. You muft bear to the queftions which he (hall then put to us,
The future blame, and anfwer to the world, about the poor and the afflicted, the hungry and A'NSWERER. n.f. [from unfair.']
When you refufe the eafy honeft means the naked, the fick and imprifoned ? Atterkury. 1 . He that anfwers ; he that fpeaks in re-
Of taking care of him. Stutbtrn.
2. An account to be given to the demand turn to what another has fpoken.
6. To
correfpond to ; to fuit with. of juftice.
I know your mind, and 1 will fatisfy it ;
neither
As in water face aitfweretb to face, fo the heart He'll call you to fo hot an anfwer for it. will do it like a niggardly anftuerer, going no
I.

of man to man. Prov. xxvii. 19. That you {hall chide your trefpafs. Sbaktfprare. further than the bounds of the queftion Sidney. .

7. Tobe equivalent to ; to ftand for

3.
In law, a confutation of a charge ex- 2. He that manages the controverfy a-
gainft one that
femething elfe. hibited againft a perfon. has written firft.
A teaft is made for laughter, and wine maketh A
perfonal anfwer ought
to have three quali- very unfair in any writer to employ igno-
It is

ncrry ! but money anjiocrttb all things. ties j it ought to be pertinent to the matter
in rance and malice together ; bccaufe it gives his
Eccl. x. 19.
hand ; it ought to be abfolute and unconditional ; arfwerer double work. Swift*
8. To fatisfy any claim or petition of it oughtto be clear and certain. Aylijfr. ANT. a. /. [seraerc, Sax. which Junius
or juftice. and
right A'NSWER-JOBBER. n.f. [from anfwer imagines, not without probability, to
Zelmane with rageful eyes bade him defend He that makes a trade of writ- have been firft contracted to aemt, and
no lefs than his life would anfwer jobber.]
himfelf; for An emmet; a
it. Sidney. ing anfwers. then foftened to ant.]
What difgufts me from having any thing to do A fmall infedt that lives in
Revenge the jeering and difdain'd contempt
that they have no con- pifmire.
Of this proud king, who ftudics day and night with anfiacr-jobberi, is,
great numbers together
in hillocks.
To cnjiver all the debt he owes unto fcicnce. Swift.
you, We')! fet thee to fchool to an ant, to teach thee
*
Ev'n with the bloody payments of your deaths. A'NSWERABLE. [from anfwer.] adj. there's no lab'ring in the winter. Stakefpcart*
Sbakfjftare. That to which a reply may be made ; Methinks, all cities now but ant-hills are,
lt his neck cnfteer for any mar-
it, if there is
that which may be anfwered ; as, the Where when the feveral labourers I fee
tial law in the world* Sbakcfpeare. For children, houfe, provifion, taking pain,
is yet anfwer-
Men no fooner find their appetites uvaxfiutrcd, argument, though fubtle, They're all but aati carrying eggs, ftraw,
and
than they complain the times are injurious* able. Donne,
grain.
Obliged to give an account; obliged Learn each fmall people's genius, policies ;
That yearly rent is ftill paid, even as the former The ants republick, and the realm of bees, fcpe,
to anfwer any demand of juftice; or
cafualty itfelf was wont to be, in parcel meal paid
n. /.. [from ant and
in and anftoered. Bacon. ftand the trial of an accufation.. ANT-BEAR, bear.']

To aft reciprocally- .
Every chief of ever)' kindred or family
fliould
An animal that feeds on ants.
9. be ethverable, and bound to bring forth every one Divers quadrupeds feed upon infcfts ; and fome
Say, do'ft thou yet the Roman harp command ? of that kindred, at all times, to be juftified, when two forts of tamanduas
Do the firings anjvitr to thy noble hand ?
live wholly upon them ; as
Dryd. he fliould be required, or charged with any treafon
To ftand as oppofite or correlative to upon ants, which therefore are called in Englilh
10. or felony. State of Ireland.
Sfcnj'fr's ant-tearl. Ray,
fomething elfe. Will any man argue, that if a phyfician fliould
There can but two things create love, perfec- to all his patients, he
ANT-HI LL, or HILLOCK, n.f. [from ant
manifeftly prcfcribe poifon
tion and ufcfulncfs ; to which anfiotr,. on our cannot be juftly puni/hed, but is anfvoa-aUt only
and hill.} The fmall protuberances of
part, I. Admiration; and, 2. Defire s and both to God ? Stoift. earth in which ants make their nefts.
thcfe are centered in love. He cannot think ambition more juftly laid to 1'ut blue flowers into an ant-bill, they will be
Taylor.
1 1. To bear proportion to. their charge, than to other men, bccaufe
that flamed with red becaufe the ants drop upon them
;

w be to make church government anjiveratk their ftinging liquor, which hath the effect ot oil
Weapons muft needs be dangerous
. 1.1
things, if
they anjvartd the bulk of fo prodigious a perfon.
for the errors of human nature, Swift. of vitriol. Kay.
who have feen a*t-lilhib, have ealily
Swift. .
Correfpondcnt,
perceived
 ANT ANT ANT
percceived thofe fmall heapj of corn about their flood ; antechamber, a chamber leading To A'NT ED ATE. i/. a.
[from ante, and
p. cits. ^ddljon. into another ..partment. do, datum, Lat.]
A N'T. A contraction for and it, or rather A'NT E ACT. n.f. [from ante and a#.] I. To date earlier than the real time, fo
and if it ; as, an't pleafe you ; that is, former ad. as to confer a fiftitious
antiquity.
and if it pleafe you. Now me
ANTEAMBULA'TION. n. f. [from ante
thou haft lov'done whole day,
ANTA'CONIST. n.f. [am and ayi-H^u.] and ambulatio, Lat.] A walking before. To-morrow, when thou what wilt thou fay?
leav'ft,
1. One who contends "ith another ; an
Wilt thou then antedate fome new-uiade vow,
Dia. Or now
fay, that
opponent. It implies generally a per- To ANTECE'DE. We arc not juft
fonal and particular oppofition.
-v. n. [from ante, be- thofe perfons, which we were ?

Our
fore, and cedo, to go.] To precede ; Dsnns,
antagonist in thefe coutsoverfies may have to go before. By reading, a man does, as it were, antedate his
jnet with li/me not unlike to Ithacius. Hooker. and makes himfdf contemporary with the
life,
It feems confonant to reafon, that the fabrick of
What was fet before him, ages pad. Collier.
the world did not long aniecede its motion. Hale.
To heave, pull, draw, and break, he Still performed, z. To take fomething before the proper
Kone daring to appear antag. Mi'tcn. ANTECE'DENCE. f. [from antecede.'] .

It it not fit that the hiftory of a perfon IhouU! The aft or ftate of going before ; pre- time.
Our joys below it can improve,
appear* till the prejudice both of hisfir<ic/?jand cedence.
adherents be foftened and fubdued. And antedate the bliis above. Pope*
Add'ifcn. ItimpoHible that mixed bodies can be eternal,
is
ANTEDILU'VI AN.
2. Contrary. becaufe there is ncceflarily a pre-exiftence of the adj. [from ante, be-
The fhort club confifls of thofe who are under fore, and diluvium,
a.
fimple bodies, and an antecedence of their conftitu- deluge.]
five feet j ours is
compofed of fuch as are
to be tion preceding the exigence of mixed bodies. Hale. 1.
Exifting before the deluge.
above fix. Thefe we look upon as the two extremes ANTECE'DENT. During the time of the deluge, all the ftone and
adj. [antecedent, Lat.]
*ndantag3fiij}i of the fpecies; considering all thefe Antecedent
marble of the antediluvian earth were torally dif-
as neuters, who fill up the middle fpace. Addijon.
1.
Going before preceding. ;
folved. Wmdioard.
In anatomy, the antagonijt is that muf- is ufcd, I think, only with regard to
3. 2. Relating to things exifting before the
cle which counteracts Tome other. time; precedent, with regard both to
time and place. deluge.
A relaxation of a mufcle mufr produce a fpafm The text intends only the line of Scth, con-
in its
amagonift, becaufe the equilibrium is de- fo aflert, that God looked upon Adam's fall as duceable unto the genealogy of our Saviour, and
a fin, and puniflied it, when, without
ftnyed. Arlutbr.-)'.. sny antece- the antediluvian chronology. Brmun i
fu/g. Err,
To ANTA'GONIZE. -v. n.
[irom am and dent fin of his, it was impoflible for him not to fall,
I ems a thing that highly reproaches eficntial ANTEDILU'VIAN. n. f. One that-lived
?(.] To contend againft another. before the flood*
equity and goodnefs. Sautl.
Dia. It has to before the We are fo far from repining at God, that he
thing which
2. is
fup-
ANTA'LCICK. adj. [from am, againft, and hath not extended the period of our lives to the
pofed to follow. longevity of the antedifiK-iaiti, that we give him
aXy-, pain.] That which foftens pain ; No one is fo hardy as to fay, God is in his thinks for contracting the days of our trial.
anodyne. debt; that he owed him a nobler being: for exift-
ence muft be artetedent to merit. Eettl/y.
j%NiANslCLA"SIS. n. f. [Lat. from
Collier.
A'NT ELOPE, n. f.
Did the blood firft exift, antecedent to the forma- [The etymology is
ailxtxx}.a?t;, from atlarax\Au, to drive A goat with curled or
tion of the heart ? But that is to let the effect be- uncertain.]
back.] fore the caufe. Sentley. wreathed horns.
1. A figure in rhetorick, when the fame ANTECE'DENT. The antelift, and wolf both fierce and fell.
n.f. [antecedens, Lat.]
word is
repeated in a different, if not 1. That which goes before. Sfrmm
in a contrary fignification ; as, In
thy A duty of f) mighty an influence, that it is in-
ANTEMERI'DIAN. adj. [from ante, be-
youth learn fome craft, that in eld age thou deed the neceflary atcce.{<.ut, if not alfo the riireft fore,and meridian, noon.] Before noon.
mayjl get thy living -without craft. Craft, caufe, of a finncr's return to -God. Sonb. ANTEME'TICK. adj. [am, againft, and
in the firft place, fignifies fcience or oc- 2. In grammar, the noun to which the That which has the
ipta, to vomit.]
relative is fubjoined ; as, the man who
cupation ; in the fecond, deceit or fub power of calming the ftomach ; of pre-
comes hither.
tilty. venting or flopping vomiting.
Let him learn the right joining of fubftantives
2. It is alfo a
returning to the matter at with ailjicYives, the noun with the verb, and the
ANTEMU'NDANE. adj. [ante, before, and
the end of a long parenthefis ; as, Shall relative with \\ieantccedtnt. mundus, the world.] That which was
Afebatn
that heart (which does not only In logick, the before the creation of the world.
feel them, 3. firft
propofition of an
tut hath alt motion of his
placed in enthymeme, or ANTENU'MBER. n. f. [from ante and
life argument confifting only
them), fliall that heart, I fay, &c. of two propofitions. number. ] The number that precedes
Smith's Rhetorick. Conditional or hypothetical propofitions are another.
ANTAPHRODI'TICK. adj. [from a>-i,
thofe whofe
parts are united by the conditional
Whatlbever
virtue is in numbers, for
conducing
particle if; as, if the fun be fixed, the earth muft to confent of notes, is rather to be afcribed to the
againft, and 'Apgo&ni, Venus.] That move if there be no fire, there will be no fmoke.
:
aataamber, than to the entire number, as that the
which is efficacious
againft the venereal The found returneth after
firrt part of thefe propofitions, or that wherein fix, or after twelve; fo that
difeafe. the condition is contained, is called the the feventh or thirteenth is not the matter, but the
antecedent,
ANTAPOPLE'CTICK. adj. [i,ri, againft,
the other is called the
confejuent. Watts't Logick. fixth or the twelfth. Bacon.
and o.it'.Ti'i.rfa!,, an apoplexy.] Good ANTECE'DE NTLY. adv. [from antece- A'NTEPAST. n.f. [from ante, before, and
againft an apoplexy. dent.'} In the ftate of antecedence, or paftum, to feed.] A foretafte ; fome-
ANTA'RCTICK. adj. [, againft, and going before
We consider
;

him
previoufly.
antecedently to his creation,
thing taken before the proper time.
Were we to expert our blifs only in the fatiating
a.^.^, the bear or northern conftella- while he yet lay in the barren womb of our appetites,
The
fouthern pole, fo called, as nothing,
it might be reafonabie, by frequent
tion.] and only in the number of pofiibilitics. our guft for that profufe perpe-
South. antcpajis, to excite
cppofite to the northern. JNTECE'SSOR. tual meal.
Downward as tar as antarfiick. n.f. [Latin.] One who Decay of Fitly.
Miltm. A'N TEPENULT.H./ [antfpenultima, Lat. ]
They that had (ail'd from near th' antarlTui pole, goes before, or leads another; the prin-
Their treafure fafe, and all their vcflels Diet.
Thefyllable but two, as the fyllable
laft
whole, cipal.
te in antepenult : a term of
In fight of their dear country ruin'd be, ANTECHA'MDER. .
f. [from ante, be- grammar.
Witr.out the guilt of either rock or fca. Walltr. and chamber; ANTEPILE'PTICK. adj. [-i.nl and (Vi-
fore, generally writ-
it is
ANTARTH RI'TICK. adj. [am, againft, ten, improperly, anti chamber.'] The Xr/^i?.] A
medicine againft convulfiona.
the gout. Good againft That brzoar is antidotal, lapis judaicus diurcti-
r.-i;, chamber that leads to the chief apart-
we
'

cal, <Mia\anttpileptical, will not deny.

the gout.] ment. flrcivn's Vulgar Errcurj.
ANTASTHMA'TICK. adj. [from am and The emprefs has the anticbamicri paft, To A'NTEPONE. <y. a. [antepono, Lat.]
Good And this way moves with a diforder'ci haftc. Dryd.
*o-9f/..] againft the afthroa. To fet one thing before another ; to pre-
His antichamier, and room of audience, are lit-
ANTE. A
Latin panicle fignifying be- fer one thing to another.
ire chambers wainfcoted.
Mdif.n. Ditt,
fore, which is frequently ufed in com- 4NTECWRSOR. One who A N T E p R E D I'c A M E N T . n. /.
n.f. [Latin.] [oxttpredica-
pofuioas ; as, antediluvian, before the runs before. DicJ. meat urn, Lat.] to be known
6 Something
in
 ANT ANT ANT
in the ftudy of logick,
previoufly to the AWTHROPOPHACI'NIAN. n.f. A ludi- 2. To take up before the time at which
any
doftrinc of the predicament. crous word, formed by Sbat.fptare from
thing might be regularly had.
A N r E R i o' R i T v n, f. [from anteriour. ]
.
anthropophagi, for the fake of a formida- I find I have
ainlcifjted already, and taken up
from Biccaci-, h^iore 1 cnrn; tu him ; tmt I am of
Priority; the ftate of being before, either ble found.
in time or fituation. Go, knock, and call; he'll (peak like an an'.lro-
the tcmp.-r of kii.gi, who are for prefent
money,
no matter how they pay it.
ANTE'RIOUR. Go- fofbaghhn unto ther knock, I fay. : Liiyttcn.
adj. [antericr, Lat.]
ANTHROPO'PH AGY. n. f. a 3. To foretafte, or take an impreflion of
ing before, either with regard to time or [S^anror,
man, and fjiyu, to eat.] The quality fomething, which is not yet, as if it
place.
It' thar be the aaleritur or of eating human flcih, or man-eating. really was.
upper part wherein the lc dl" th? .l-iVra'c
fenle, are pUccd, and that the Up ,n iK-Hiler f)u:ijai'.ons was rsifcd the ai equals <he anxiety of
poilerio'jr.i who
but aft the life of the damned, and an-
death,
j'jrt, which isoppofite thereunt-, there is no inlo- f'fbagy ofDiomedeshis horfcs. lli-*tvn's
fulg, Er. the defolations of he!!. Br<,~jt*'s
Vulg. Err.
riour or former part in this animal ; tor the fenies ANTHROPO'SOPHY. n.f. [a^vTro;, man,
ticipate

being placed at both extremes, make bot'i ends an- and c-opjot, wifdom.-] The knowledge Why flio'.ii,! -\-;
t.ri :ir. wh'uh Fr.icn'i An'\:ipatt our fjrrows 'tis like thofe :

I'u'g Err.
is
impofiible. of the nature of man. That die for fear of death. DenLim.
ANTES. ,.-./. [Latin.] Pillars of large A M T H Y p N O'T c K adj. [from a.ri .againft, 4. To prevent any thing by crowding in
i .

dimenfions that fupport the front of a

and vr t }(, flecp.] That which has the before it to preclude. ;

building. Time, thru

ANTES T<f\l A c H. power of preventing fleep ; that which ny dre.id exploits :

n.f. [from ante, before, The flighty is o'ertook, .

is efficacious
againlt a lethargy.
;

and ftomach.~\ A cavity which leads ANTHYPOCHONDRI'ACK. adj. [ from artl

Unlcfs the deed g> with ir. Stel,
, I am tar t'.vm
into the ftomach. pretending to inflruiS the -.

In birds there is no maftication or comminution agamft, and iwo^ij^iai-o;.] Good againft fion, or jrtic'pat'mg d'.eir direftioni tv.fuch as are

.of the meat in the mouih but hypochondriack maladies. 'hv-ir government. Arl :

;
it is im-,
("wallowed into JXJHrPO'PHORA. n. ANTICIPA'TION. n.f. [from anticipate.]
a- kind of
antfftamacb, which 1 have f. [i^w^oja.]
obfervcd in pifcivorous bi A figure in rhetorick, which i.The aft of taking up fomething before
fignifies a
.
/wy.
A N T H E L M I'N T H i cK .
ai!j'. [i>Ti, ftgainft, contrary ilhtion, or inference, and is
its time.
and a That which when an objection is refuted or difproved Thegaldcn number gives the new moon four
eA/xuScf, worm.]
kills worms. days tou late, by reafon of the aforefaid at.ticipaticn,
by the oppofitionof a contrary fentence. and our ncgleft of it.
Atbthm'mthicis, or contrary to worms, are things Smith's Rhetorick, It is not enough to be miftrrable when th.
which are know,]
by experience ta kill them, as
oils, or honey taken upon an empty ftomnch.
ANT H YST E'R i
CK.at/j. [from a.n\, againft,
comes, unlcfswemakeourlelvcsfo b .

and Good L'Eftrjr.ge. by *r, -.

ArbmbiKt. againft hyftericks. -2. Foretafte.
Js-i?ixo?.]
,

A'NTHEM. n. f. [a>3t^x>e, a
hynin fung ANTI. [>TI.] A
particle much ufed in If we really live under the hope of future
in alternate parts, and mould therefore happi-
composition with words derived from the nefs, we ftiall taite it by way of .::.

be written anthytnnJ\ A holy fong ; a Greek, and fignifies contrary to ; as, an- forethought) animige of it wii! meet uur ininiis
fong performed as part of divine fervice. timonarcbical, oppofite to often, and flay there, as all pleafing expectations"
monarchy.
God. Mofes firft, -then David did infpire, ANTIA'CID. and acidus, do. A:
To compofe anthems for his heavenly quire. Der.b. adj. [from am,
four.] Contrary to fournefs ; alkalis. 3. Opinion implanted before the reafons
There is no paflion that is not finely exprefled in of that opinion can be known.
Oils are aniiacids, (o far as they blunt
thofe parts of the infpired writings, which are acrimony ;
pro- but Thcc.rfl and weft, the north and louth, have the
as
tbey are hard of digetHon,they produce acri-
per for divine fongs and ardbans.
'

AiUikn. fame
mony uf another fort. jjrt-, ar.iicif.-.tinii concerning one fupreme
ANTHO'LOGY. n.f. [SoAoyia,from a*o$, of thin.;?.
a flower, and
AKTICHACHE'CTICK. adj. [from .n\, Wlut nntion is there, thnt, without an\
A/^, to gather.] and
l. A collection of flowers, againft, Ha^.fij, a bad habit.] ing, have not a kind of anticipation, or preconceived
notion of a Deity
z. Acoile&ion of devotions in the Greek Things adapted to the care of a bad ? r>,

conftitution. A'NTICK. adj. [probably from at:.

church.
A collection of poems.
AI^TICHA'MBER. n.f. This word is cor- ancient, as things out of ufe appear
ok!.] Odd ; ridiculoufly wild
>,.
ruptly written for antechamber ; which buffoon
A'NTHONY'S FIRE. n.f. Akindofery- in gefticulation.
;

fee.
fipilas. What!
AN T c H R I'ST i A N .<//.[from am .againft, dares the (lave
ANTHRAX, n. f. [Sja, a burning and
j
Ccme hither cover'd \viih an .
,
to chriftianity.
coal.] A fcab or blotch that is made by j,; ? iriao5.] Oppofite And fleer and fcorn at our f L-,nn;t;.
>

That defpifed, abject, opprellcd fort of men, the

's Rcr:,~o in,!
a corrofive humour, which burns the minifters, whom mid mulie Julia.
,
..
Of all our anticli fights, and pgeantry,
fkin and occafions ftiarp pricking pains and fo deprive th.'m of heaven.
, ; liar:, Scut/;. Which Engliih idiots run in crowds to fee. DryJ.
a carbuncle. ANTICHRI'STIANJSM. The was
S>uiKcy. n.f. [from anti- prize to '.

upon !h: wimf.Li,

ANTHROPO'I.OGY. n.f. [from cit^uvo;, cbriftian.] Oppofition or contrariety to
that could go through his tun.

man, and Myu, to difcourfe.J The doc- though provoked by the .

res of a
merry
chriftianity.
Andrew, who was to play tricki.
trine of anatomy the doclrine of the
;
- we not feen
many, whofe opr.'cns haw AJiifin.
faftene.l
upon one another the bian.t of c-
A'NTICK. ./
form and ftru&ure of the body of man.
iiarifm f D(;ay t-f P,', -v . 1. He that play.s anticks ; he that ufes odd
ANTHROPOMO'RPHITE. n.f. [a.}$^t>- ANTICHRISTI A'KITY. gefticalation ; a buffoon.
c.n'n-
n.f. [from
p^tpoi;.] One who believes a human W
Contrariety to chriftianity. vv
:

chrijtian.'\
i'.
cruwn,
form in the Deity. ANTI'CHRONISM. That rounds the mortal ti-mples of a king,
Chriftians as well as Turks n.f. againft, and
\_a.n\,
1
'
fcc~h Kei-y-s c'cith his cou.t a:;d t!ij the .irtici
jCf?> time.] Deviation from the right ; fits,
contending that the Deity was corporeal and of hu- Sc :"Hng I,:

man fhape; though few profefs themfelves antbrn- order or account of time. If you fiiou'.d imilc he grows im-ai;..-rt.
fuKerptitcs+yet we may find many amongrt the ig- To ANTTCIPATE. <v. a.
[antidfo, Lat.]
Fear not, my i
irj, we cm
contain ourfelvcs,
norinr. or" that opinion. he the vcrirft antick in the world,
Locke. I. To take fomething fooner than another, .'

ANTHROPO'PATH Y../ [5 -w7r6;,man,

s fo as to prevent him that comes after ; 2. Odd appearance.
A v,.i;k rich entail,
. and a-aSoc, paflion.] The fenfibility of to take firft polTeffion.
'.f and curious mold,
and wild imagery.
man; the paflions of man. God hath taken care to
ant'xifaic and ;
or c'cn at
Jj, l\:hj ^
1 firll reflection (he cfpies
ANTHROPO'PHAGI. n. f. I, has no every irnn, to draw liin. :

is church ;
tr
Such toys, fuch an!:cii, and fuch vanities,
give piety the prepoflcHion, and f >
Jingtdar. [a*Sfs)?rcc, man, and $ayu, to
;
As (he retires and Ilirinksfordiame and fear. Davits.
Man-eaters; cannibals; thofe
in holinef. Hm
eat.] If our Apoftle had maintained fuc'i a i
To A'NTICK. v. a. [from antick.'] To
that live upon human fielh. ur fouls be ore ;i*i make antick.
/.^r/.-y
The cannibals that e.sch other cat, excu -. talk of fee' Mine own tongue
The anthropophagi, and men whofe heads L)rJ, fiui.-ij; that the knowledge of him was innate Splits what it fpeaks ;
the wild dif^uifc h.idi nlmoft
Do grow beneath their flioulJcrs. Sljitfp. OtLi/.'o. and p-pie: .

Ar.tickt us aJl.-

A'NTICKLY.
 ANT ANT ANT
A'NTICKLY, adv. [from antick.] In an ANTIMONA'RCHICALNESS. No contraries hold more
f. .
[from
Than I and fuch a knave.
antimonarchical.] The quality of
antick manner with odd pollutes ; wild Sbakefptare,
; being To this perhaps might be juftly attributed moil
an enemy to regal
gefticulations, or fanciful appearance. power. of the fympathies and antipathies obfervable in
Scrambling, out-facing, fafhion-mongring boys, ANTIMO'NIAL. adj. [from antimony.] men. Locke*
That lye, and cap, and flout, deprave,
and (lander,
Made of antimony ; having the quali- 2. It has fometimes the particle again/I
Go art:ck/y, and fhew an outward hideoufncis,
ties of antimony ;
And fpeak of half a dozen dangerous words. relating to anti- before the objetft of antipathy.
mony. had a mortal antipathy againjl ilanding armies
I
Shakefpeare.
got out of the reach of ar.timonlal
in times of peace ; becaufe I toak armies to be
AXTICLI'MAX. n.f. L :rom a>T and **i- They were
fumes. Gmu. hired by the mafter of the family, to keep his
f*a|-] A fentence in
which the 1 aft part children in flavery.
Though antimonial cups, prepared with art, Swift*
exprefTes fomething
lower than the firft. Their farce to wine through ages fhould impart, . Sometimes to.
3
A certain figure, which was unknown to the This diiTipation, this profufe expence, Aflc you, what provocation I have had ?
ancients, is called by fome an anticlimax. Addfyn. Nor Ihrinks their fue, nor waites their ftores im- The itrong antipathy of good to bad.
. diftich is
frequently mentioned as au ex- meni'e. Blj When truth, or virtue, an affront endures,
ample :
A'NTIMONY. n.f. [The ftibium of the Th' affront is mine, my friend, and fliould be
Next comes Dalhoufley, the great god of war,
Lieutenant col'nel to the earl of Mar. ancients, by the Greeks called r!^/*i. yours. Psptr
The reafon of its modern denomination 4. Formerly <vjith ; but improperly.
ANTICONVU'LSIVE. adj. [from am, a-
Tangible bodies have an antipathy 'with air ;
and Good is referred to Bafil Valentine, a Ger-
gair.il, ton-i/u!jive.~\ againft and any liquid body, that is more denfe, they will
convulfions.
man monk ; who, as the tradition relates, draw, condenfe, and, in effedt, incorporate. Ktiion.
Whatfoever produces an inflammatory difpofi- having thrown fome of it to the hogs, 4NTIPERI' STASIS. n.f. [from anw^-
tion in the blocj, produces the afthma, as antkcn- obferved that, after had purged them it
racii;, formed of am and TrEgira^ai, to
vulfivl medicines. Flayer. heartily, they immediately fattened ; ftand round.] The oppofuion of a con-
jfNTlCOR.^t.f. [from am, againft, and and therefore he imagined his fellow
trary quality, by which the quality it
cor, the heart.] monks would be the better for a like
A oppofcs becomes heightened or intend-
.veiling of a round figure, occa-
p-
-

dofe. The experiment, however, fuc- ed ; or the action by which a body,

by a fan.,uine and bilious humour, and ap-
;

ceeded fo ill, that they all died of it ; attacked by another, collects itfejf, and
pearing in a horfe's breaft, oppofite to
1.. .-.

An antiar may kill a horfe, unlefs it be brought and the medicine was thenceforward becomes Itronger by fuch opposition ;
to a fuppuration by good remedies. Fjrricr'i DiS?, called antimoinc, antimcnk,} or an intention of the a&ivity of one
is a mineral fubfhnce, of a metalline
AxTico'uRTiER.s.y! [fromam, againft, Antimony
quality caufed by the oppofuion of ano-
all the feeming characters of a real
and courtier.] One that oppofes the court. nature, having
ther. Thus quicklime is fet on fire by
metal, except malleability ; and maybe called a
ANTI'DOTAL. adj. [from antidote.'] That fcmimct.il, bein^ a fofiilc glebe of fome undeter- the affu'fion of cold water ; fo water be-
which has the quality of an antidote, or mined metal, combined with a fulphurous and itony comes warmer in winter than in futn-
the power of counteracting poitbn. fubft-incc. Mines of all metals afford it ; that in mer and thunder and lightning are ex-
;
>ezoar is ar.tldittl, we fhall not deny. Brmur.. gold mines is reckoned belt. It has alfo its own
cited in the middle region of the air,
Animals that can innoxioufiy digeft thefc poi- mines in Hungaiy, Germany, and Fiance. Its
become ax::Jjial to the p-/for. digeP.c-J. tc-xture i* full of little fhining veins or threads, which is continually cold, and all by
fons,
Brm'r.'s y- like needles ; brittle as glafs. Sometimes veins antiperijtjfis.This is an exploded prin-
A'NTIDOTE. of a red or golden colour ari
ciple In the Peripatetick philoibphy.
intermixed,
n.f. [a>riM-, antidotal,
mjfe antimony; that without them bch'.g
.. -d
uf age
Lat. a thing given in oppofuion to
. 'I'll'
antifcrijlafi!
denominated_/iwjij/if artlmsr^,. It r'tifes in the rire,
Mve InftainM his nm'roui rage. C.maLy*
fomething ell*.'.] though with fome difficulty; aad diirdves more Trie riotous prodigal clctelh covetoufnels ; yet
Amedicine given to expel the milciii;.'s ofano- ;

c.;fily
in water. I; dt-
'
.ill me-
let him find the fprings grow dry which feed his.
.

Jiofpoifon. Quiny* 1 and is tl.

luxu'-y, i o\ eloufnel's ihnll be called in: and fo,.
;
Truft not the phyfician, uieful in refining. common
It i^ a ingredient in by a fira:ige prodigality (hall beget ra-
His r>- jnd he iys -
antipcrijtirjis,
fpecnlums, or burning concaves ; lerving
pine. Decay of Piety,-
M^'re than you rob. Sbak'fpearet them a finjr poliih. It makes a part in bell me-
\Vha: to ve that anti.
;
tal } and renders the found more clear. It is Ar> TIPESTILE'NTI AL. adj. [from am,
'
by Pierius againft againft, and
tht: fting oi to a-
peftihntial.'} Efficacious
fit
mingled with tin, to make it more hard, white, .

i an afs, with ohe's face towai and found j and with lead, in the carting of printers
Br'swiii I'ulgdr Errcuri. gainft the infection of the plague.
letters, to render them more fmooth and firm. It Perfumes correct the air before it is attracted by
.vill work againft the ftars : bcwjrc; is a general
help in tix; melting of metals, a:id the lungs j or, rather, anrtptftflenttai unguents, to
F >r
jv'ry meal an an-idstc prepare. fiiytlMJUfij in oilir/g of cannon-balls. In phar-
Ar;TiD YSENTE'RICK. adj. [from a.ri, m
efpecially
-\ i: i- 1'fed under various furms, and witii va-
anoint the nec.irils. .vith.

JNTI'PHRASIS.
Harvey cr: the I
n.f. [from in\, againft,
againft, and dyftnteria, a bloody flux.]
rious intentions, chieily a? an cmeticl:. C'camlnrs.
A NT NEPHRI'TICK. adj. [from a-n and and (pfia-i:, a form of fpeech.] The ufe
Good againft the bloody flux.
i

of words in a fenfc oppofite to their pro-

ANT i Ft'eRi t, E. adj. [from >TI, againft, n;.] Medicines good againft ;

dif-

Good and kidneys.

eaies of the reins per meaning.
And/eiris, a tever.] againft fevers. You now find no caufe to repent, that you
Anuftirilc medicine check t!: A'NTINOMY. n.f. {from am and >o,--c.] never dipt your hands iff the bloody high courts of
ANT LO'OARITH
i M. n. f. [from a-ri, A contradiiSion between two laws, or juftice, fo called only by antlpbrafu. Siuth.
and two articles of the fame law.
againil, logarithm.'}
:hm of a fine, tan- A. .t'.K'ir. '
: are a'.muft unavoidable -in fuch val
ANTI'PODAL. adj. [from antipodes.] Re-
gent, 01 I i difference cf that loga- Baker. lating to the countries inhabited by the
rithm from tht logarithm of ninety decrees. ANTiFARALY'ricK. adj. [from u.n\ and antipodes.
Llamlin, The Americans are
antipodal unto the Indies.
ANTI'LOGY. A contra- ja^wic.] Efficacious againft the palfyi Brvwn.
n.f. [aiTiXovia.] A NT l F A i H E'T i c A L. adj. [from antipa-
diaion between any words and paffages ANTI'PODES. n. f. It ha; no finguLir .
in an author.
thy.] Having a natural contrariety to
D'fi.
any thing. [from MTI, againll, and o;o^:{, feet.]'
ANT I'LOQ^UIST. n.f. [from an'i, againft,
Tfye and luxurious, and antipathetical
foil is fat
Thofe people who, living on the other
and loquor, to fpeak.] A contradiftor. to all venomous creatures. lla fwd\ Vtcal Fcrejt. fide of the globe, have their feet di-
Di3. ANTIPAT u t'ric AI.TJESB. n.f. [fromri^- reftly oppofite to ours.
ANTIMONA'RCHICAL. [from arrl, adj. tipatbctical.] The quality or ftate of
\V, Ihould hold day with the antipcdc!,
If you would walk ill abfence of the fun.
againft, and ^.ova^' a > government by having a natural contrariety to any
Sbakeffcfa ~t .
a fingle perfon.] Againft government thing. Diet. i\* fun, tho' hence rrmov'd, as Ue.ir
by a Angle perfon. ANTI'PATHY. n.f. [from i,r., againft, Wnca hi. 1 LJT;;! wjriii th' attitudes, as here.
;ue of King Chjrles in and Walk,;
cra^cc, feeling ;
antipathie, I'"r.]
miJiic of the cr and moft of the kings
tlie
oer their
.-.vd,
I. A natural contrariety to any thing, fo AN'TIPOPE. n.f. [from TI, againft, arid
ranged
iw;/!(jrfi, ;

;^/afrcmb!y couid never liiool'-

as to fliun it
involuntarily ;
pope.'] He that ufurps the popedom, in
diflikc. It is
f lice. .

oppoied tej oppofuion to the right pope.

TOs
 ANT ANT ANT
This houfe 11 famous in hlftory, for \he re- of Jiil'm C.rfar; as alfo another fe.V, fup- icJ him a diililltj milk, with
eni'ifm-
treat of an antifcfi, who called liimlclf Felix V. bo a you ^ Hercules j buth vtry choice antique'-, , and purged him. ~an.
in gold*
*-/':',; .;:. c
JKITTHES1S. the plural an.
n. / in
JNTIPTO'SIS. n.f. [i,T;jrr. { .] A figure \v n'qjJENf ss. n.f. [horn antique.] The i., placing in oppofition.]
:

in grammar, by which one cafe is

put quality of being antique ; an appear-
Oppofuion of words or feutimeuts ; con-
for another. ance of antiquity. as in thefe lines
traft ; :

A' N T d_y A R Y . n. f. \antiquarius, Lat. ]

i We may difcover (omething venerable in the an-
Though gentle, yet not dull ;
A man ftudious of antiquity ; a collector i< of the work ;
bci; -we would Ice the defign
Strong without ragej without o'crflowing, full.
enlarged. Addifcn.
of ancient things. _
Denbam,
All arts, rarities, and inventions, are but the AKTI'QJTITY. n.f. [antiquitas, Lat.] I fee a chief, who leads my chofcn fons,
of an intellect defaced with fin. We 1. Old time* ; time All arm'd with points, and puns.
reliits ad- paft long ago. ar.titlefis, Pope.
mire do a piece of I mention Ariftotle, Polybius, and Cicero, the A'NTITYPE.
it now, only *>
antiquaries Thatwhich
n.f. [aiTiVtB-iS-.]
old coin, for the Itzmp it once bore. South* grenteft philofopher, the mod impartial hill
and the moll confummjte lUtefnian, of all ar.ii-
is refembled or ihadowed out by the
With
ftarpen'd fight pale antiquaries pore,
Th' inkriptim value, but the rult adore. Pcjx. quity. Addijm. type; that of which the type is the re-
The rude Latin of the monks is ftill very in- The It is a term of theology.
2. people of old times ; the ancients. ptefentation.
telligible ; had their records
been delivered in the That fuch pillars were raifed by Seth, all anti- See TYPE.
rulgar tongue, they could not now be underftood, quity has avowed. Raleigt. W!i;-n once upon the wing, he foars to an higher
unlefs by atitiquaria. Swift. The works or remains of old times. pitch, from the type to the ar.t.ijfe, to the <V.
A'NTIO^UARV. adj. [This word is im- As for the obfervation of Machiavel, traducing the Mcffiah, die nfcenlion of our Saviour, and, at
Old antique. Gregory the Great, that he did what in him lay length, to his kingdom and dominion over all the
proper.] ;
earth. Burnct'i Theory.
antiquities: I do not
-Here's Nertor^ to cxtingnifh ail heathen find

Inftrufted by the ar.iiquary times ; that thofe eeals laft long; as it appeared in the
He brought forth bread and wine, and was the
He muft, he is, he cannot but be wife. fucccflion of Sabinian, who did revive the former prieft of the moll high God ; imitating the an-
Sbalrfp.
Bacon. or the fubftancc, Chrift himfelf.
Ta A'NTKJUATE. i>. a.
[antiquo, Lat.] antiquities. tityfe, Tay.'cr.

To to make obfolete.
Old age : a ludicrous fenfe. ANTITY'FICAL.
put out of ufc [from antitype.]
;
4. adj.
It not your voice broken ? your wind fliort ? That which relates to an antitype ; that
The growth of Chriftianity in this kingdom
might reafonably introduce new laws, and an- your chin double ? your wit fingle ? and every part which explains the type.
about you blafted with antiquity ? and will you yet
tiqaate or abrogate forae old ones, that feemed lei's ANTJVENE'REAL. adj. [fromi^r.' and ve-
call yourfelf young ? Sbakcfpeare.
confident with the Chriftian doctrines.
Halt's Camtnw Law 5. Ancientnefs ; as, this ring is valuable nereal.] Good againft the venereal dif-
of England.
Milton's Paradife Loft is admirable. But can- for its eafe.
antiquity.
not I admire the height of his invention, and the If the lues be joined with it, you will fcarce cure
ANTl'SCH. *._/.'_
It has nofir.gular.
[from
ttrength of his exprefiion, without defending his your patient without exhibiting ant'ner.trtal reme-
am and crxia.] In geography, the people dies. f
l' \femtn.
antiquated words, and the perpetual harihnefs of
their found? Dry Jen.
who inhabit on different fides of the A'NTLER. n.f. \andauillier, Fr.] Properly
Almighty Latium, with her cities crown 'd, equator, who confequently at noon have the branches of a flag's horns ; but,
firft
Shall like an antiquated fable found. Addifan. their fhadows projected oppofite ways.
popularly and generally, any of his
A'NTIO^UATEDNESS. n./. [from antiquat- Thus the people of the north are An- branches.
ed.] The ftate of being antiquated,
worn
tifcii to thofe of the fouth ; the one pro- Grown old, they grow lefs branched, and firft
out of ufe, or obfolete,.
jecting their fliadows at noon toward lofe their brow antlers, or loweft furcations next to
ANTI'QUE. adj. [antique, Fr. antiquus, the north pole, and the other toward the the head. Brmin.
Lat. It was formerly pronounced ac- fouth pole. Chambers. A well-grown whofe<tf/<Tj rife
(lag,
High o'er hit front, his beams invade the Ikies.
cording to the Englilh analogy, with ANTISCORBU'TICAL. adj. [from am,
the accent on the firft fyllable; but now Drydtn.
againft, SLnd/cortutum, the fcurvy.] Good Bright Diana
after the French, with the accent on the Brought hunted wild goats heads, and branching
againft the fcurvy.
laft, at leaft in
profe ; the poets ufe it The warm antifccriutica! plants, in quantities, antlers
will occafion (linking breath, and corrupt the blood. Of (lags, the fruit and honour of her toil. Prior.
varioufly.]
Artutbnot. JNTO'ECI. n.f. It has no Jingular. [Lat.
1. Ancient; old; not modern.
Now, good Cefario, but that piece of fong, ANTISCORBU'TICK. adj. [from irn, from n, and amlu, to inhabit.] In geo-
That old and antique fong we heard laft night. againft, and fcorbutum, the fcurvy.] graphy, thofe inhabitants of the earth
Sbakefpcarc. Good againft the fcurvy, who under the fame meridian, and
live
Such truth in love as th' antique world did know. The warm animal and ani-
attifctrbuticks, diet, at the fame diftance from the equator ;
Tn fuchaftyleascourts might buail of now. Waller. mal falts, are Arbuthnat.
proper. the one toward the north, and the other
2. Of genuine antiquity. ANTl'SPASIS. n.f. [from in}, againft
The feals which we have remaining of Julius to the fouth. Hence they have the fame
and a-s-aw, to draw.] The revulfion of
which -we know
Csefar, to be
antique, have the ftar longitude, and their latitude is alfo the
of Venus over them. Dryden, any humour into another part. fame, but of a different denomination.
My copper lamps, at any rate, ANTISP ASMO'DICK. adj. [ frc.n ir
for being true antique I bought ; and otra.afj.oi;, the cramp.] That They are in the fame femicircle of the
againft, meridian, but oppofite parallels. They
Yet wifdy melted down my plate, which has the power of relieving the
On modern models to be wrought; have precifely the fame hours of the
And cramp.
trifles J alike pnrfue,
ANTISP A'STICK. day and night, but oppofite feafons ;
Becaufe they're old, becaufe they're new. Pr'.tr. adj. [from a.n\ and and the night of the one is always equal
Medicines which caufe a re-
3. Of old faition. cnrar'*oc.] to the day of the other. Chambers.
Forth came that ancient lord and aged queen, vulfion of the humours.
XTQNQMjfSIA. * n }, andn.f. [from
Array'd in antique robes dow.i to the ground, ANTISPLENE'TICK. adj. [from <im and
And fad habiliments right well befeen. Fairy Qtiecn,
Efficacious in difeafes of the
mofj.it, form of fpeech, in
a name.] A
Muft he no more divert the tJd.oys day ? fplenefick.]
which, for a proper name, is put the
JTor fparkling thoughts in ar.'ique words convey ? fpleen. name of fome dignity, office, profeffion.
Smith 10 ttc Mijntiry af fbilifs. Ami!; -Itntt'ittt oprn the obftruftions of the fpleen
fcience, or trade ; or whan a proper
4. Odd wild ; antick. Flcyrr,

Name
;

not tiiclt living death heads unto me; AVTT STROPHE, n.f. [mr^?>, from name is
put in the room of an appella-
For thefe not ancient but ar.tifut be. .Dcnnc. contrary way, and rcc?>7. turn-
>TI, the tive. Thus a king is 'called hit ma-
And fooner may a gulling we.ither-f[n-, ing..] Jn an ode fuppofed to be furvg in iclty ; a nobleman, his loru/hip. We
forth heav'n's fcLemc, tell certainly
By drawing parts, the fecond ftanza of every three fay the philofopher inftead of Ariftotle,
What faJbion'd ha:s, or ruffs, or fuits, next year
and the orator for Cicero thus a man
-headed antique youih. wiH weJr. Dinn
or fometimes every fecond ftanza ; fo :

Our giddy
called becaufe the dance turns about. is called by the name of his country, a
ArJTi'o^yE. n.f. [from antique, ai/j.]
An
ancient times ANTISTRUM A'TICK. adj. [from im.anc German, an Italian and a grave man
antiquity ; a remain. of
;
;

an ancient rarity. 'Jtruma, a fcrophulous fweliing.] GoO(

is called a Cato, and a wife man a So-
1 ,cav to Edward, now carl of Oxford, my fcal againft the king's evil.
N lomon. Smith's Rhttcrict.
A'TRB
 ANY A P A APE
AN'TRB. n.f. [antre, Fr. anlruni, Lat.] A Yen contented yourfclf with being capable, as 3. Diftindly.
cavern ; a cave ; a den : not in ufe. much as any whofoever, of defending
your country Mofes firft nameth heaven and earth, ;

With with your fword. Dryden, waters but in the third place, as comprehi
all
my
travels hiftory :
Wherein of ar.tres vaft, and defarts wild, How fit is this retreat for uninterrupted ftudy !

waters in the word earth ; but afterw:

It v.-as my hent to fpeak. Any one that fees it will own, I could not have nameth them apart.
Shake/peart
A'XVIL. n.f. [aenplle, Sax.] chofen a more likely place to converfc with the
4. At a diftance ; retired from the othci
dead in.
I.. The iron block on which the fmith Pope.
lays 2. Whofoever ; whatfoever ; as diftin- company.
his metal to be So plcafe you, madam,
forged.
T - f '-I- fL
.'".... 1 -!_
I (aw a fmith ftand with his rummer,
. 1
guifhed from fome other. To put apart thefe your attendants. i'n: '..//.'
thus, What warmth is there in your affeclion towards
The whilft his iron did on his anvil tMo\.
SbaHrff.
APA'RTMENT. n.f. [apartment, Fr.] A
On uieir eternal ant'ils here he foui.d any of thefe princely fuitors that are already come ?
part of the houfe allotted to the ufe cf
Tlic brethren and the blows round. Sbakcffxare.
beating, go An inverted motion being begun any where be- any particular perfon ; a room ; a :l-t
Dry-Jot, low, continues itfelf ail the whole length. Luke. of rooms.
r. Any thing on which blows are laid. A
3. It is ufed in oppofition to none. private gallery 'twixt th' apa;ti::'tits led,
Here I clip
I wound and I heal neither there any that Not to the fie yet known. Sir J. Dcnhrm.
The an-v'd of my fword, and do conteft
: is
can deliver out of my hand. Deut. xxxii. 39. He pale as death, defpoil'd of his array,
Hody and nobly. Sbakefpearc. Into the queen's apartment takes his way. Z)ry./.
to be upon the anvil, A'ORIST. n.f. [ao'firo;.] Indefinite; a term
g. Figuratively ; is The mofl conftderableruin is rluc en the eairein
to be in a ftate of formation or in the Greek grammar.
prepara- promontory, where are (till fome epartmerttt lek
tion. "The great artery very hig'a and arched at top. Addijor.
AO'RTA.^n.f. [io/li.]
Several members of our houfe
knowing what which A'PATHY. n.f. [a, not, and craSos, feel-
rifes
immediately out of the left
.;:
upon the anvil, went to the clergy, and dcfired ventricle of the heart. ing.] The quality of not feeling ; ex-
th.-:ir
judgment. S-wift.
APA'CE. adv. [from a and pace ; that is, emption from paffion ; freedom from
A.VXI'ETY. n.f. [anxietas, Lat.]
with a great pace.] mental perturbation.
1. Trouble of mind about fome future Of good and evil much they argued then,
event ; fufpenfe with uneafinefs ; 1. Quick;
fpeedily ufed of things in :

per- Pillion, and apathy, and glory, and ihanv:.

folicitude.
motion. Milton.
plexity ;
Or when
To be happy, is not only to be freed from the the flying libbard (he did chace, To remain infenfible of fuch provocations, is
She could then nimbly move, and after fly apace. not constancy, but apathy. South.
pains and difeafcs of the body, but from anxiety
and vexation of fpirit j not only to enjoy the plea- Sperjcr.
In lazy apathy let Stoicks boaft
fures of fenfe, but peace of conference, and tran- Ay, quoth my uncle Glo'ftcr, Their virtue fix'd ;
'tis fixed as in froft,
Small herbs have grace, great weeds do grow Contracted all, retiring to the brcaft
quillity of mind.
-

Tillttfon.
apace. ;
And fincc, would nat grow fo fart,
methinks, I But ftrength of mind is exercife, not reft.
j. In the medical language, lownefs of
Becaufe fweet flow'rs are flosv, and weeds make
Pope.
with uneafmefs of the ftomach. APE. n.f. [ape, Icelandim.]
fpirits, hate.
In anxieties which attend fevers, wlx;n the co!d He
Sbakeffean. 1 . A kind of monkey remarkable for imi-
promis'd in His eaft a glorious race;
fit is over, a warmer regimen may be allowed and ; Now funk from
his meridian, fets
apace. Dryd. tating what he fees.
becatife anxirtiei often
happen by fpafms from wind, Is not he imprudent, who, I will be more newfangled than an
apt, more
feeing the tide
fpices are ufel'ul. Arbvtbml. making hafte towards him apa:e, will deep till giddy in my defircs than a monkey. SbakeJ'p,
A'NXIOUS. adj. [anxitts, Lat.] the fea overwhelm him ? Tillotjon.
Writers report, that the heart of an aft, worn
Difturbed about fome uncertain event With near the heart, comforteth the heart, and increaf-
t. ;
2. hafte ;
applied to fome adion. eth audacity. It is true, that the ape is a merry
felicitous The baron now his diamonds pours apace
; being in painful fufpenfe ; ;
and bold bead. Bacon.
Th' embroider'd king, who (hows buthalf his
painfully uncertain. And his refulgent queen.
face, 1
Wit glittering gold and fparkling gems they
!

His pen/ive chetk upon his hand reclir.'d, Paps' i Ra[>e of tbt Lock.
And anxkui thoughts revolving in his mind. Dryd. 3. Haftily with fpeed fpoken of any :
But apt! and monkeys are the gods within.
;

With beating hearts the dire event they wait, kind of progreffion from one ftate to an- Granvillc.
Ar.XKUi, and trembling for the birth of fate. !': L. other. CeleftU! Beings, when of late they faw
2. Careful; full of inquietude ;
unquiet. This fecond courfs of men, A mortal man unfold all Nature's law,
In youth alone unhappy mortals live With fome regard to wht
and right, is Admir'd fuch knowledge in a human (hape,
j juft
But, ah the mighty blifs
!
is fugitive ; Shall lead their lives, and
multiply of ace. Mi! on.
And (how'd a Newton, as we (how an ape. Pope.
Difcolour'd ficknefs, anxtout labour come, The life and power of religion decays apace htrc 2. An imitator ; ufed generally in the bad
And age, and death's inexorable doom. Dryden. and at home, while we are fpreading the honour of fenfe.
our arms far and wide through foreign nations.
3. Careful, as of a thing of great import- Julio Romano, who, had lie himfclf eternity,
ance. Atttrbury. and could put breath into his work, would beguils
If fenfiblc pleafure, or real
No we need to be folicitous about the
writings grandeur, be our Nature of her cultom fo pcrfeftly he is her apt,
:

end, we (Hall proceed apace to real mifery. /^ar/j,

meaning of, but thofe that contain truths we are Skakefpcarc.
to believe, or laws we are to obey ; we be may APACO'CICAL. adj. [from dtrayufrt, com- fo APE. i;. a. {from apc.~\ To imitate,
anxious alnut the fenfe of other authors. Locke.
lefs
pounded of a?, from, andayu, to bring as an ape imitates human aftions.
It has or about before the or draw.] An apagogical demonftration
.4. generallyyir Afing the foreigners in every drefs,

objeft, butfometimes of; lefs is fuch as does not Which, bought at greater coft, becomes him lefi.
Ar.xaus ':fntv,\;&, fufpecling change. Grauvitk.
properly. prove the thing di-
rectly ; but (hews the impoffibility, or Curfe on the (tripling how he
A'SXJOUSLY. ad<v. [ffomaaxioui.] In an !
afet his (ire !

abfurdity, which arifes from denying it ; Ambitioully Sententious! Addii'.r.

anxious manner ; folicitoufly ;
unquiet- and is allb called reduSit ad
imfcj/ihile, APE'AK, or APE'EK. adv. [probably from
ly ; carefully ; with painful uncertainty. or ad abfurdum. Chambers.
But where the lofi is a pique.] Inapofture to pierce; formed
temporal, every probability
of it needs not put us fo
anxioujly
*
to prevent it, APA'RT. adv. [apart, Fr.] with a point.
fince itmipht be repaired again.
vhat befits the new lord
South. 1.
Separately from the reft in
place. 'pErsY. n.f. [a7Tf\J/ia.] A lofs of natural
mayor, Since enter into that queftion, it behuveth me
I
conception. Quitter.
And what the Gallick arms will do, to give reafon for
my opinion, with cirtumfpec- A'PER. n.f. [frotna/?.] A ridiculous imi-
Art anxlwjly inquifitive to know. Dridtn. tion ; becaufe I walk alide, and in a
way apart
.A'NXIOUSNESS. n.f. [from anxious.'] The from the multitude. tator or mimick.
Raleig'.'.

quality of being anxious ; fufceptibility

The party difcerned, that the earl of Ellix APE'RIENT. adj. [aperio, Lat. to open.]
would never fcrve their turn ; they refolvnJ to have That which has the quality cf opening
of anxiety. ;
another army apart, that fnould be at their devo-
A'NY. adj. [aruj, eni3, Sax.] tion. Clarendon. chiefly ufed of medicines gently pur-
i. Every; whoever he be; whatever it
2. In a ftate of diftinftion as, to fet apart
gative.
be. It is, in all its fenfes,
; There be bracelets fit to comfort tlic fpirits ;
applied in- for any ufe. and they be of three intentions j refrigerant, cor-
differently to perfons r things. He is fo very figurative, that he requires a gram- roborant, and apt. Bacon.
1 knov. you are now, Sir, a mar apart, tf conftMC him.
gentkmnn born Dryden. Of the rrems of plsnts, fome contain fine apt- .1

Ay, and have been lu any time thcK The tyrant (hall demanJ yon facred load, rient fait, and are Jiurcdck and Jpun.icr .ir,. I

And gold and vdlcl* fct apart fat God. Prior.

VOL. L N Apt'lllTIVE*.
 A P H A P I A P O
APE'RITIVB. adj. [from aperio, Lat. to love of mankind.] Want AP I'T P AT.
|
adv. [a word formed from the
open.] That which has the quality of of love to mankind. motion.] With quick palpitation.
opening the excremcntitious pafiages of A'PHONY. n.f. [, without, and O there he comes Welcome my bully, my
the body. A lofs of fpeech. back: agad, my heart has gone aji'fjt tor }ou.
fpeech.]
Thry may make broth, with the addition of A'PHORlSM. n.f. [f ofKr^of.] A maxim JPLU'STRE. n.f. [Latin.] The ancient
;

*f!r:r-Tc horbi. Harvey. a precept contracted in a fhort fentence ;

APE'RT. adj. [afrrfus, Lat.] Open. an unconnected petition. enfign carried in fea veiTels.
The one holds a fvvord in her band, to rcprefent
APE'RTION. n./. [from nfcrtm, Lnt.] He will eafny difcern how little of truth there tlie Iliad ;
as the other has an af-luftre, to u-pre
1. An opening; a paflage through any is in multitude; and, though fometimct
the lent the Odyfley, or vova^e uf U I) lies.
they are flatttrjd with that apeonjm, will hardly
thing; a gap. believe the voice of the pcop.c to be the voice of APO'CALYPSE. ./ [final mr*iPv<*Tii. J
The next now in order are the af tr t'rirt ; under
God. en's Vulgar / Revelation ;
difcovery : a word ufedonly
which term I do comprehend doors, windows,
or other conduits in (hurt,
I ilull at prefrnt confider the apborifm, that a of the facred writings.
ftjircairs, chimney, :
man .re uleful, and m O
all inlets or outlet:. religion a>id virtue is a
.1
for that warning voi.e, which he who faw
H^otr.a.
confcijuently a more valuable, member of a com- Th' aptxelypfe heard cry in heav'n aloud.
2. The acl of opening ; or ftate of being MUtort,
munity. Rogers. With this throne, of the glory of the Father,
opened. APHORI'S TIC AL. adj. [from aphorifm.] compare the throne of the Son of God, as feen i:i
"I
plenituJe of vefiels, otherwife calj'eJ the
lie
In the form of an apborifm ; in fcparate the apKafyp!?. Suran's tie Ejr'.l.
Ihwry t,f
|lcthora, when it happens, caufeth an extravafa- APOCALY'PTICA \..adj.
tion or' blood, either by ruption or of them.
and unconnected fentences. [from apocalypft. ]
afirtien
tKjlmaa.
APHOR I'STICALLY. adv. [from aphorif- Concerning revelation; containing re-
APE'RTLY. aJv. tical. ] In the form of an aphorifm. velation.
[aftrti, Lat.] Openly ;
If we could underftandthat fcenc, at the
without covert. Th'.-li' being carried down, leldom mifs a cure, open-
apocalyptical theatre, we (huuld finu \r.
as Hippocrates Joth lik-way^icn/f/W/x ing this
ct'
us.
APE'RT NESS. n.f. [from apert.] Open-
tell
a reprefentation of the majefty of our Saviour.
nefs. /.'ar^c/'j 7cf
APHR.ODISI'ACAL..') ry cf the Eartb.
The freedom, or aperlnefs and vigour of pro- adj. [from*
APHRODISI'ACK. APOCALY'PTICALLY. ad<v. [from
apo-
nouncing, and the clolencfs of muffling, and la- \ Venus.] Relating to
the venereal difeaie. calyptical.] In (uch a manner as to re-
zinefs of I'peaking, render the found different.
veal fomething fecret.
Holder. A'PIARY. n.f. [fromafii, Lat. a bee.]
A'PERTURE. n.f. [from apsrtus, open.] The place where bees are kept.
APQ'COPE. n.f. [i vn ^ r
..] A figure
in
1. The aft of Thole who a>e (killed in bees, when they fee a grammar, when the la ft letter or fyllable
opening.
Hence arifcth die facility of joining a confonant =
rjaching to plunder their hives, of a word is taken away ; as, ingeni, for
to a vowel, becaufe from an have a trick to divert them into fome neighbounng
appulfc to an apcnmr ingenii ; apoplex, for apoplexy.
it caficr than from one
appulfe to another, lioldir.
theie to make what havock they plcafe.
"p'ttty, APOCRU'STICK. [a.xpartxa, from
2. An open place. Swift.
adj.
API'CES to drive.] Remedies endued
If
memory be made by the eafy motion of the of a flower. [Lat. from apex, the aTroKfHii,
with a repelling and
fpirits through the opened pafiages, images, with- top.] Little knobs that grow on the tops aftringent power,
out doubt, pafs through the fame
apirturti, of the (lamina, in the middle of a flower. by which they prevent the too great
Glinfii/e. afflux of humours. Chambers.
The They are commonly of a dark purplifh
3. hole next the objedl glafs of a te-
lefcope or microfcope.
colour. By the microfcope they have
APO'CRYPHA. n.f. [from uj i^*,
been difcovered to be a fort of capful* put out of fight.] Books not pubiickly
Theconcave metal bore an aperturt of an inch ;
communicated ; books whofe authors ;;re
but the aftrture was limited
by an opaque circle, fcminalei, ot feed veflels, containing in
them imall globular, and often oval par- not known. It is ufed for the books
perforated in the middle. JV.iu.'tn'i
Ofticks.
4. Enlargement ; explanation : a fenie fel- tides, of various colours, and exqui- appended to the facred writings, which,
dom found. fitely formed. <j>uincy.
being of doubtful authors, ar_- lefs re-
It is too much untwiftcd by the HoOors, and, API'ECE. garded.
[from a for each, znd piece,
aii-v.
Wehold not the
like made
intricate by explications, apocrypha fir facrci), as we do
orihare.] To the part or (hare of each.
philofophy,
and difficult by the the holy fcripture, but for human
aperture and diflblution of dif- Men, whofe mouths at firft fcundcd nothing
in competitions.
tinftions.
Taylor. but mortification, were come to think that
APE'T ALDUS. they APO'CRYPHAL.
.<#. [ofafriv. undtrtra*, mi e ht lawfully luvc lix or fcven wives
apiece.
adj. [(torn apocrypha.]
a Without petala or flower leaves. Hx,hr. 1. Not canonical ; of uncertain authority.
leaf.]
APE'TALOUSNSES. I have
to-night difpatched fixteen bufmeflts, a Jerom, who faith that all writings not cano-
n.j. [fiom afetalous.] nical are
month's length aplm, by an abihadr of liicccls. apicrypba!, ufes not the title epKrjfkai J.S
Being without leaves. tile reft of the fathers
Sbtikti'feiirf. ordinarily have don--,
A"PEX. n.f. apices, plur. [Lat.] The tip
One copy of thispaper may ferve a Jr/en of you,
cuftom is fj to
name, for t'^e moft part, only fuch
or point of any thing. which will be kfs than a farthing afint.
Sviifi.
as might not pubiickly be r-aJ or divulged. H.ct.i.
The A'FISH. 2. Contained in the apocrypha.
apex, or lefler end of it, is broken off. adj. [from ape.]
Wv.dioard. 1. the qualities of an ape imita- To fpeak of her in the words of the apxrjfial
Having ;
wifdom is glorious, and never
APHJERES1S. A writers,
n.f. [a^; ?It7i{.] figure
in grammar, that takes away a Itcter or
tive.
Report of fafliions in proud Italy,
away. ^
Wlu fe manners (rill our 3. It is fometimes ufed for an account of
fyllable from the beginning of a word. tardy ef':jb n:>'ion
uncertain credit.
after, in Safe aukward imitation. Siakefp.
JPHE'LION. n.
/. afttlia, plur. [from 2. affefted. APO'CRYPH ALLY. adv.
Foppifh ; [from r.pacry*
uno, and &,!<&, the inn.] That part of Becaufa I cannot flatter, ard look fair,
phal.] Uncertainly; not indifputably.
the orbit of a
planet, in which it is at Duck with French n.ids, and afijb courtefy, APO'CRYPH ALNESS. n.f. [from apocry-
the point remoteft from the fun. I muft be held a rancorous
enemy. Sbaftfpfjre.
The reafon the not in the
phal.] Uncertainty; doubtfulnefs of cre-
why 3. Siliy; trifling; infignificant. dit.
*odia<k is, that, in th-ir af-f-rUa, they m.y be at All this is but
,ipijh fophiftry ; and, to gl\
the grcatell diil.mces from one another
;
and con- name divine and excellent, is abulivc and
unjuii.
APODI'CTICAL. a,ij. [fromaToofi|it, evi-
fequently diflurb one another's motioni the leaft ClanviUe. dent truth ; demonstration.] Demon-
that may be. Wanton
CLtync. (.. ; playful. ftrative ; evident beyond contradiction.
APHETA. n.f. [with aftrologcrs.] The Gloomy Jits the queen, Holding an a^t-.ii'-.cal knowledge, and an allured
Till liafpy ch.m-e reverts the crurl fccne;
name of the planet, which is
imagined knowledge of it ; verily, to prrfuadc thc-ir appre-
with her wild iclort hcnlions othcrvvife, were to make an Euclid be-
to be the giver or difpofer of life in a iiy,
Of wit .ind jelr, difturbs the fulenin court. Prir. lieve, that there were more than one centre in a
nativity. Dili. A'i'iSHLY. ud-v. [from apijh.~\ In an apifti circle. /?/ n'fl'j
Vulgar Errcurs.
_

APHE'TICAL. adj. [from upheld.] Relat- manner ; foppilhly ; conceitedly. We

can fay all at the number three; therefore
the world is perfect. Tobit went, and his dog
ing to the apheta. A'PISHNESS. a./, [fromfl/;/-.] Mimickry; followed him j therefore there is a world in the
APHILA'NTHROPY.*./ [, without, and foppery ; insignificance ; playfulnefs. moon, were an argument r Ghnville.
APODTX1S*
 A P O A P O A P O
When a eyft rifes near the orifice of the artery, A'POPLEXED. at/j. [from afof/ex.] Seized
n.f. Demonftra-
/ilij.] it isformed by the aponturcfis that runs over the with an apoplexy.
tion. Diet.
vefle!, which becomes eiceflivcly expanded. Senfe, (me, you have,
APQGJ&QN. T n.f. [from in-i, from, and Sharp's Surgery. Elfe cculd you not have motion but fure that ffnfe
:

A'POGEE. the earth.] point >yi A APO'PHASIS. n.f. [Lat. *w?ri, a de- 1; af-.f.lfr'd. SfatlJfUTt.
JPOGE'UM. } in the heavens, in which A by which ATOl'LEXY. A fud-
nying.] figure in rhetorick, n.f. [****>*(.]
the fun, or a planet, is at the greateft the orator, fpeaking ironically, ieems to den deprivation of all internal and ex-
diftance from the eartli in its wave what he would plainly infmuate ; ternal fenfation, and of all motion, nn-
poffible
whole revolution. The ancient aftro- Neither ivill I mention thofe things, lefs of the heart and thorax. The caufe
as,
which if I jhould, you is generally a repletion, and indicates
nomers regarding the earth as the centre tio:withjlat:ding
of the fyftem, chiefly regarded the apo- cculd neither confute or jpeak agaiuft them. evacuation, joined with ftimuli. Quituy.
is a fudden abolition ot' all the lenfes,
which the moderns, Smith's Rhetorick. Af.pltxy
grton and perigson, external and internal, and of all voluntary motion,
making the fun the centre, change for APOPH LE'GM ATICK. n.f. and px/y- flux and reflux of tnc animal
[a-n-o by the iV,>;>;.j;;v ;.r the
the aphelion and perihelion. Chambers. pa.] That which has the quality of fpirits through the
nerves deitined for thole mo-
Arlnttknot on Dirt.
Ti.y (in is in his upogaw placed, drawing away phlegm.
tions.
,vhen it movetn next, muft needs dcfccp.d. Peace is a very afvfltxy, lethargy, mulled, deal,
APOPHLE'GM ATISM. n.f. [airs and pXsy-
Fairfax. fleepy, infeniible. Sibateffearit Coria/anui.
It is
yet not asrreed
in what time, precifely, fj.a,.']
A medicine of which the inten- A fever may take away realon, or memory,
my
the a'
t 'gt*rr.
abfcitvO. one degree. tion is to draw phlegm from the blood. and an afcftay leave neither fenle nor underfranj-
Brmanl Vulgar Errcurs. And fo it is in aftpklcgmatijna
and u-irgarifms, ing.
Locke.

APOLOGE'TICAL. 1 adj. [fromairoXoyiw, to that draw the rheum d.i.vn bj the palate. B.:c;ti.
APO'RIA. Is a figure in
n.f. [<*W*.]
APOLOCE'TICK. j defend.] That which APOPHLEGMA'TIZANT. n.f. \_'*.vl and rhetorick, by which the fpeaker {hews,
is faid in defence of any thing or perfon. pA/7(*a.] Any remedy which caufes an thut he doubts where to begin for the
1 drfign -.o
publilh an efl'ay, the greater part of evacuation of ferous or mucous humour multitude of matter, or what to fay in
which for one fort of chyrnifts. Boy!,:
is
a/x>/J<riK<i/,
from apologe- by the noftrils, as particular kinds of foe Itrange and
ambiguous thing ;
APOLOGE'TICALLY. ad<v. [
fternutatorios. and doth, were, argue the cafe
as it
Quinty.
In the of defence or excufe.
n.f. [iw'^iy^a.] A re-
tical.} way A'POPHTHEGM. with himfelf. Thus Cicero fays, Whe-
APO'LOGIST. n.f. [from To apologize.} markable faying ; a valuable maxim ther be took them fr cm his fellows more im-
lie that makes an apology ; a pleader uttered on fome fudden occafion. to a harlot more laf-
pudently, gaiie them
in favour of ano.'her. We may magnify the ap<ifbtb;gms , or reputed
ci--vioitjly , removed them from the Roman
To APO'LOOK/.E. i>. n. [from apology.] replies of wiljom,
whereof many are to be fcen
or altered them more
or thing. people more wititfdl),
I . To plead in favour of any perfon
in Laettius and LycoHhvn^s. Btiiar'i ftilg. Err.
had a mind to collect and digell fuch obferva- , I cannot well declare.
It will be much mote feafmable to reform than I frefumptuoujly
and therefore it imports tion^ and tip^pbibegmj, as tend to the prooi Smith's Rhetorick.
.i-'icate;
. :. i dwell fee urc, to look about them. great ailertion, All is vanity. Prur. APORRHO'EA, n.f. [iwofV^.] Emu-,
Diiay <.fP itty. APO'PHl'GE. n. f. [iTopt-yi, flight, or viuru-; emanation ; fbmething emitted
z. Ithas the particle for before the fubjeft
efcape.] Is, in architecture, that part by another : not in ufe.
of apology. of a column, where it begins to fpring The reafon of this he endeavours to make out
o f r my indifcretion in the by atomical aforrl-ifas, which pairing
from the
out of its bale ; and was originally no
I

'. Watc's Preparalhnfcr Death. cruentate weapon to the wound, an3 being incor-
The n choice more than the ring or ferrel, which an- of thr falve, carry them
tranfiator ,:<'/" porated with the particles
'
r. I

nt this piece, which was made in his child. ciently bound the extremities of wooden t" the .lirccleci part. GiaHvitic'i Sitfj!:.
frrfaft toSttUMt. to keep them from APOSIOPE'SIS. [iwwurtiwrt, fronr
i
pillars, fplitting, n.f.
A'POLOCUE.W./ [iTTsXd-/-.] Fable; ftory and were afterwards imitated is flone *7ro, after, and C-IUTT<Z.U, to 'be filent.]
contrived to teach fome moral truth. work. We fometimes call it the fpring A form of fpeech, bywhich the fpeaker,
An afdtgut of /i m, and
more powerful than demonll
,.5
of the column. Chambers. through fome affection, as forrow, bafh-
ni fnlgar Errwrs. .
APO'PHI'SIS. n.f. [iT>c7i:.] The pro- fulneis, fear, anger, or vehemency,
Some men arc rrmirkeJ for plealantnels in lall- minent parts of fome bones tlie lame ; breaks off his fpeech before it be all
1.1 and appofite divertinii as procels. It differs from an epiphyfis, ended. A figure, when, fpeaking of a
Lzctc
thing, we yet feein to conceal it, though
<;.
as it is a continuance of the bone it-
APO'LOGY. n.f. [apologia, Lat. airc-
felf whereas the latter is fomewh.it ad-
;
indeed we aggravate it ; or when the
courfe of the Sentence begun is fo flayed,
>c-/i*.]
hering to a bone, and of which
it is
1. Defence; excufe. Apology generally not properly a part. ^uinty. as thereby fome part of the fentcnce,
fi7;nines rather excufe than vindication, It is tin:
ayjpbyjit,
or head, of the os tibia?, which no; being utte,red, may be underflood.
and tends rather to extenuate the fault, makes the knee. Wtfcinan'i Surgery. Smith's Rhetoric^.
than prove innocence. This is, how- APPPLK'C ricAt. APO'STASV. Departure
adj. [from apoplexy."} n.f. [tiiroram- ]
ever, fometimes unregarded by writers. Relating to an apoplexy. from what a man has profeffed : it is
In her facecufe W with the fame complaints of gravity
:n<-ct
generally applied to religion ; fome-
Cam? prologue, and apology too prompt ; in lii
ing bodies, when the faculty locomotive feemi
Which with bland words at will (he thus addrefs'd. tirnes with the par tide from.
aboliihcd as may be obfcivKd in fupportirg perfons
;
The canon law di .
, to be a wilful de-
inebriated, aptfldtflicalj or in lip)t!'ymies and iwocn- that ftate of faith, which miy p -ilr-i
parture from
2. It has/or before the objeft of excule. ing>. EIMII i Vulgar ErrLiirs.
his himfelf to hold in the ChrifHan church.
J- to make an at'.ls^f far my In an he found ex:r..v:iiatcd profeffeJ
mj ir.'-.'ntion
apofltfl'.cal cnfe,
: ; i

jtyliffe's Parcrgat.
poem : fume think
^V!ll it needs no excufe, an^l blood making *ay Horn the ventricles of the brain.
The had forewaru'd
affable archangel
others will rectivc none. ftrjdtn. DI ham.
neither trouble the reader, nor mylclf,
Adam, by due example, to beware
I fhall
APOPLE'CTICK. adj. [from. apoplexy.]
Re- what betel in heav'n
slpojlafy, by
with any afi-A'jgy for p'lbl.ftniig of thefe ft- an apoplexy. To thofc apoftates. Milton.
li-r it' tli
any mcai'urc, truly frrvkeable to
y be, in
lating to
the end for which they are d' not fee ;
A
lady wa, feizcj with an a/. pleFiclt fit, which
Vice in us were not only wickednefs, but uprfta-
afterward terminated in fome kind of lethargy. fy, degenerate
wickednefs. Xprar.
what opdigy is neccflary j and if they be mt fo, I
Whoever do give different worfhips, mud bring
am fure norc can be fufficient. Tillotfon.
Vijcmtn.
which an ont God.
in more gods ; is
apojtafyfmn
A'POPLEX. APOPLEXY.] Apo-
APOMECO'METRY. n.f. [aTri.from, nn- n.f. [See
The cut
StUiafjIttt.
diftance,and//./l^i'^,torneafure.] The art plexy. lail fyllable is away ;
Al'O'STATE. n.f. [apojlata, Lat.
but this only in poetry.
is
of things at a diftance.
meafuring DicJ.
Prefent punifhment purlues his maw,
!-TK.] One that has forfaken his pro-
JPONEURO^SJS. n.f. [from M, from, When furfeited and fw;ll'il, the ptacock raw feffion ; generally applied to one that-
and tiij^r, a nerve.] An expansion of He bears into the bath; whence want of breath, has left his religion.
a nerve into a membrane. Repletions, apifux, inttflatc death. Drydtn. The angels, for'mlobcJiencc, thou'Uart rcfervcl
N 2. t
 A P O APO A P P
tii i m'ferable but unto man, equally The ference of two incommenfurable quan-
immortality ;

thce and g.rodnefs,

eal.] quality of relating to the
rebellious, equally afcfljtr frm apoftles ;
apoltolical authority. tities.
thou haft given a Saviour. Rogeri'i Srrmint.
jipeflatet in point of faith, are, according to the
APOSTO'LICK. adj.[from apoftle. The z. In mtfick, it is the pnrt remaining of
civil law, fubjcft unto all punilhmcms ordained accent is
placed by Dryden on the an entire tone, after a greater femitoncr
againft hereticks. Ayliffa. antepenult.] Taught by the apoftles ; has been taken from it. The propor-
APOSTA'TICAL. Al-
aJj. [from afoflau.} belonging to an apoftle. tion in numbers of the apoiomc, is that
ter the manner of an a po it ate. Their oppofitions maintenance of publick fu-
in of 2048 to 2187. The Greeks thought
To wear turbants is an apoflaticul conformity. perftition againft apiftolick endeavours, were vain that the greater tone could not be di-
Sandys . and frivolous. Hooker.
To APO'STATIZE. v. Or where did I at firre tradition ftrike,
vided into two equal parts ; for which
n. [from apajtate.]
Provided were afiflotickf reafon they called the firrt part air'^ip.*,
To forfake one's profeffion it is com- :
(till it
Dryden.
4PO'STROPHE. from and the other 'mptx. Chambers.
monly ufed of one who departs from his n.f. [in-os-jopii,
Ktfo, from, and r^'ipw,
to turn.] A'POZEM. n.f. [as-i, from, and *, to
religion.
None rerolt from the
faith, becaufe they muft . In rhetorick, a diverfion of fpeech to boil ]
A decoclion an infufion made
;

not look upon a woman to lull after her, but becanfe another perfon than the fpeech appoint- by boiling ingredients.
they are retrained from the perpetration of their During this evacuation, he took opening broth*
ed did intend or require ; or, it is a
lufts. If wanton glance;, and bidinous thought*,
1 and apozems. rFij'cmea'i Surgery.
had been permitted ty the gofpel, they would have turning of the fpeech from one perfon Squirts read Garth t'll
apzxeai grow cold. Gay.
apiflat'md nevcrthelef'. Bmtky.
to another, many times
abruptly. A To APPA'L. -v. a. [apfalir, Fr. It might
To APO'STEMATE. <v. a. [from nfo/feme.] figure when we break off the courfe of more properly have been written ap-
To become an apofteme to fwell and our fpeech, and fpeak to fome new
per- To rright; to ftrike with fud-
;
pule."}
corrupt into matter. fon, prefent or abfcnt, as to the people
den fear ; to deprefs ;
to dilcourage.
There is care to be taken in abfcef&i -of the or witnefles, when it was before di- Whillt il-.e alee, her great worth did appal
fj
btcaft and danger of breaking inwards;
beily, in refted to the judges or opponent. My feeble courage, and my heart opprefs,
yet, by opening thefe too foon, they fometimes That yet I quake and tremble over ail.
Smith's Rbctorick. Fairy <^v
afofltiKote again, and become crude. fPifeman. Give with thy trumpet a loud note to
2. In grammar, the contraction of a word Troy,
APOSTEMA'TION. n.f. [from afojtemaie.} Thou dreadful Ajax ; that th' apfalUd air
The formation of an apofteme ; the ga- by the ufe of a comma, as, tka', for May pierce the head of thy great combatant.
of a hollow purulent tumour. though ; rip' for reputation. Sbaktfpeorf.
thering The houfe of peers was fomewhat appalled at
Nothing can be more admirable than the many Many laudable attempts have been made, by
ways nature hath provided for preventing, or cu- abbreviating words with afajlrsfbti ; and by lop- tli'.s alarum ;
but took time to conlidcr of it tilt
ping polyfyllables, leaving one or two fyllables at next day. Clarendon.
ring of fevers ; as, vomitings, apofteinatims, falira-
tions, &c. Grew. moft. Sit 1
//).
Does neither rage inflame, nor fear appal,
Nor the blackfear of death that faddens all?
A'POSTEME. > n.f.
[avomna.~\ A hollow To APO'STROPHIZE. v. n. [from apo- The mi -niter curls
Pope*
A'POSTUME. J fwelling, filled with pu- J}rophe.~\ To
addrefs by an apoftrophe. His flaming other thirft jppall'd,
crefl, all
rulent matter an abfcefs. There is a peculiarity in Homer's manner of Or chouk'd at diltance ftands.
;
(hiv'ring flies, or
With equal propriety we may affirm, that ulcers apojtrofbixiag Eumsus, and fpeaking of him in Thorn font
of the lungs, or the fecond perfon:
apoftenus of the brain, do happen
it is
generally applied only to
men of account. APPA'LEMENT. a.f. [from affal.] De-
only in the left fide. Brown's Vulgar Errours, Pope,
1 he opening of apcfltmei, before the
fuppura- A'POSTUME. n.f. SeeArosTEME. [This preflion j difcouragement ; impreffion of
tioo be perfected, wcakeneth the heat, and render fear.
word is properly apcJtemJ\ A hollow
them crude. Jl'.^r:.,-.. As the furious (laughter of them was a great
APO'STLE. tumour filled with purulent matter.
n.f. [apoftolus. Lat. Avtro dikouragement and appaltmtnt to the reft.
How an apiftume in the mefentery, breaking,
A-.] A perfon fent with mandates by caufes a conl'umption in the parts, is
apparent.
Bacon't Htr.ry VII.

another. It is A'PPAN AOE.n.y". \_appanagium, low Latin ;

particularly applied to Harvey
them whom our Saviour deputed to To A'POSTUME. n. To probably from panis, bread.] Lands fet
.
[from apoftume.~\
preach the gofpel. Di8. apart by princes for the maintenance of
apoftemate.
But all his mind is bent to holinefs ; their younger children.
His champions are the prophets and APO'THECARY. a. f.
[apotlwa, Lat. a He became 1'uitor for the earldom of Chefter, a
apsftles.
Sbakefpearc repofuory.] A
man whofe employment kind of appanage to Wales, and ufmg to go to the
I am far from Bacsn.
pretending infallibility; tha is to
keep medicines for fale. king's fon.
would be to erecl myfelf into an
afift/e ': a pre
Give me an ounce of civet, good apothecary, to Had he thought it fit

fumption in any one that cannot confirm what he fweeten my imagination. That wealth fhould be the appanage of wit,
Stekefp. King Lear.
fays by miracles. Loiti They have noother doftor but the fun and the The God of light could ne'er have been fo blind,
Weknow but a fmall part of the notion of an freflj air, and that fuch an one, as never fends To deal it to the worft of human kind. Swift.
aftfle, by knowing barely that he is fent forth. them to the apctbicary. South. APPARA'TUS. n.f. [Latin.] Things pro-
Wa.'fj'j
Ligick Wand'ring in the dark, vided as means to any certain end, as
APO STLESHIP. n.f. [from The Phyficians, for the tree, have found the bark
afoflle.] ;
the tools of a trade ; the furniture of a
officeor dignity of an apoftle. They, lab'ring for relief of human kind,
With fliarpen'd fight fome remedies may houfe ; ammunition for war ; equipage ;
Where, becaufe laith is in too low degree,
find;
I tltought it fome afoftlrjbip in me Th' apothecary-train is wholly blind. (how.
Dryden.
To fpeak things, which by faith alone I fee. Dctttr A'POTHECM.B./ [ properly
There is an apparatus of things previous to be
apophthegm i
come
God" hath ordered it, that St. Paul hath wri whichfee. ] A
remarkable faying. adjuftcd, before 1 to the calculation itfelf.

epiftles ; which are all confined within the bufi

By frequent converfing with him, and fcattering Ourfelves are eafily provided for; it is nothing
ncfs of his
apiflrjbtp, and fo contain nothing bu fliort afotbtfms, and little
plcafant ftories, anc
points of Chriftian mftruQion. Lukt but the circumftantials, the apparatus or equipage
making ufeful applications of them, his fon was, of human life, that colts fo much.
APOSTO'LICAL. adj. [from apo/iolick.'
in his infancy, taught to abhor
vanity and vice as
Delivered or taught by the mon fters. Waltcn't Life of SMidcrfoit Pope's Letters to Gay ^
apoftles APPA'REL. It has no plural,
belonging to the apollles. APOTHE'OSIS. n.f. [iro$iWi 5 .] Deifica-
n.f. [af-
They acknowledge not, that the chtrch keep tion ; the rite of adding any one to the paretl, Fr.]
ny thing as apcftl'ical, which is not found in tb
number of gods. 1. Drefs ; vefture.
apoftles writings, in what other records foever As if it could
I cannot
cog and fay, that thou art this and that,
i
be graved and painted
be found. omnipo- like many ot ihofe lifping hawthorn buds, that
Hooin tent, or the nails and the hammer could give it an
Declare yourfelf for that church which founde is come like women in men's apparel, and fmell iikt
fl-ttlnjii. S-.utb
opon fcriptutc, reafon, afcfolical pjaftice, and an Allots the prince of his celeftial line Buckleiibury in fimpling time.
^"'"y- Hooker An SbakefpcarSs Merry Wwts cfWittafor.
f ap^tbcojis, and rites divine. Garth
APOSTO'LICALLY. adv. [from apolitical. APO'TOME. to cut
2. External habiliments.
n.f. [from <iirortu.tu,
In the manner of the apoftles. Our late buint London, in apparel new,
off.] Shook offher alhes to have treated you. Waller.
AOSTO'LICALNES. n.f. [from afojldi i . In mathematicks, the remainder or dif- At publiclt devotion; his refigncd carriage made
 A P P A P P A P P
religion appear in the natural
apparel of-fimpli- A glorious tpperition ! had no doubt, To APPE'AL. v. n. [appdlo,
city Tatl-r. And carnal fear, that day dimm'd Adjm's Lat.]
To APPA'REL. v. a.
eyes. 1. To transfer a
caufe from one to an-
[from apparel, the Miltm.
me other ; with the
noun.] Any thing bcfides may take from the fcnfr particles to and from.
To drefs to clothe.
of what appeared which afparitim,\t fecms, was, From the ordinary therefore to them--
1. ;
j
they appeal
c "- TatUr. fcjves.
With fuch robes were the king's daughters that > Honker.
were virgins apparelled, i Sam. niii. 18. 3. A fpeftre ; a walking 2. To refer to another as
judge.
fpirit.
Both combatants were Horatio fays 'tis but our phanLily, Force, or a declared fign of force,
ipptrtlltd only in theii upon the
doublets ar.d hofes. Touching this dreaded lijhc twice feenof us; perfon of another, where there is no common
Hayivard.
To adorn with drefs. Therefore I have intreatcd him, fuperior on earth to
appeal to for relief, is the
2.
That ftate of war; and it is the want of
She did apparel her apparel, and with the pre- if again this apparition come, fuch an ap-
cioufneis of her body made He may approve our eyes, and fpeak to it. peal gives a man the right of war, even an againft
it moll fumptuous.
Sbakiffeares Hamlet.
aggrellbr, though he be in fociety, and a fellow-
Sidney. Tender minds mould not
j. To cover, or deck, as with drefs. fions of goblins, fprftres, and
receive eaily impref-
1 hey knew no foe, but in the open
Locke.
appiritiir.s, where-
field
You may have trees apparelled with flowers,
by And to their caufe and to the
with maids fright them into compliance. Locke. gods appeal'd.
boring holes in them, and putting into them ea.th, One of thofe apparitions had his right hand
and fetting feeds of Violets. Stepney.
Bacon. filled with darts, which he brandiihed in rhe face 3. To call another as witnefs,
Shelves, and rocks, and precipices, and gulfs,
of all who came up that way. Taller. Whether that the foul
this,
being apfarelUd with a verdure of plants, would always thinks, be
a felt-evident
propofidon, I appeal to mankind.
refemble mountains and valleys. Bentlty's Serm. 4. Something only apparent, not real.
4. To fit out not in ufe.
; to furnifti :
Still there's
lomething
To charge with a crime to accufe
It hath been agreed, that either of them (hould That checks my joys _____ 4. ; : a
fend Clips to fea well manned and Nor can I yet diftinguiih term of law.
apparelled to
Sir J. Hay-ward.
Which is an apparition, this or thit. Den. Sophy. One but flatters us,
fighr.^ As well appeareth
APPA'RENT. adj. \ apparent, Fr. afparens, 5. Aftronomically, the vifibility of fome by the caufe you come,
luminary, oppofed to occultation. Namely, t'
a#Weach other of high treafon.
Lat.]
1. Plain; indubitable; not doubtful.
A month ot appariiicn is the fpace wherein the , Sbakefpearf,
moon appeareth, deducting three days wherein it APPE AL. n.f. [from the verb To
The main principles of reafon arc in them- appeal.'}
comrno:-ly difappeareth ; and this containeth but i. An appeal is a
felves apparent. For to make nothing evident of provocation/ma an in-
unto man's underftanding, were to take twenty-fix dayi and twche hours. ferior to a fuperior
itfelf
Browns judge, whereby the
away all poflibility of knowing any thing. Hooker. JSvlgjr Erroun. jurifdiftion of the inferior
APPA'RITORS. judge is for
2. Seeming ; in appearance; not real. n.f. [from appareo, Lat. a while fufpended, in
to be at
refpecf of the
The perception intellective often correct-; the hand.] caufe ; the cognizance
being devolved
report of phantaiy, as in the apparent bignefs of i. Such
perfons as are at hand to execute to the fuperior
the fun, the apparent crookednels of the lt..lt in j udge. djlife'i Parerg.
the proper orders of the
air and water. Hale'; Origin of Mankind. magiftrate or This ring
judge of any court of judicature. Aylife. Deliver them, and your
appeal to us
3. Vifible ; in
opppfuion to/scref. z. The loweit officer of the ecclefiaftical There make before them.
What fecret we entertained is Sbakefp. Henry VIII,
imaginations Our reafon prompts us to a future
known to God this court ; a fummoner. ftate,
;
is
apparent, that we have The laft appeal from fortune
not behaved ourfelves, as if we preferved a '1
hey fwallowed all the Roman hierarchy, from
fate, zndfnm
grate- Where God's all-righteous will be declar'd.
ful remembrance of his mercies. thf pope to the ways
sltreibury. apfaritcr. Aylfe's Parergon.
The outward and apparent fnnftity of actions To APPA'IT. <v. a. \_appayer, old Fr. to fa- , Dryden.
There are of juftice,
from whom
diftributers
/hould flow from purity of heart. Rcsrtrs. there
tisfy.] lies an appeal to the
prince. Ai'.d
4. Open ; evident ; known ; not merely J. To to content: whence well 2. In the common law.
fatisfy ;

fufpefted. An accufation which is a lawful declaration

As weil the fear of as harm
appayed, pleafed ; ill appayed, is un-
is
of another man's crime before a
;

harm, apparent,
In eafy. It is now
obfolete. competent judge,
my opinion ought to be presented.
How well appaid ihe was her bird to find
by one that fets his name to the declaration, and
!

Sbaiefpeares R'Kbjrdlll. undertakes to prove it, upon the that

penalty
Certain not prefumptive. Sidney. mayenfueof the contrary; more
5. ;
I am
well appaid that you had rather believe, commonly ufed
He
the next of blood is
than take the pain of a long
for the private accufation of a
murderer, by a
Camden.
And heir apparent to the Engii/h crown. pilgrimage. party who had intereft in the party murdered, and
So only can high juftice reft Milton.
VI. afpaid. of any felon, by one of his
Skakrfprsre*! Henry accomplices in the
APPA'RENT. n. /.
2. The fenfe is obfcure in thefe lines :
nvc.
Elliptically ufed for
beir apparent. Ay, Willy, when the heart is ill afiay'd, The duke's unjuft,
How can bagpipe or joints be well
appaid f Sf infer. Thus to retort your manifeft
Draw thy fword in right. appeal,
To APPE'ACH. -u. a.
And put your trial in the villain's
mouth,
I'll draw it as apparent to the crown, Which here you come to accufe.
And in that quarrel ufe it.
Sbakefp. Henry VI.
1. To accufe to ; inform againft any per- Haft thou, according to
Shakefpetir,:
thy oath and bond,
APPARENTLY, adv. [from affareat.] fon.
Brought hither Henry Hereford, thy bold fon,
Evidently ; openly.
He did, amongft many others, appeach Sir Wil- Here to make good the boiit'rous late
appeal
Arreft him, officer ; liam Stanley, the lord chamberlain. Agai nil the duke of Norfolk ?
Sbakefpears,
I would not fparc my brother in this cafe ( Saan't Henry VII A
Were he twenty 3. fummons to anfwer a charge.
If he ihould fcorn me fo
apparently. times
Nor (hall the fncrrd character of king
Sbakefptare' t Comely of Erroun. My Can, I would appeacb him. Sbakefp. Rid. II. Be urg'a to ihield me from
Vices apparently tend to the impairing of men't Difclofe thy hirlj appeal;
The have injur'd thee, that m.i'kes us
If I
health. .late of your afFeftion for your paflions equal. Dty,l.

APPARI'TION.
^ Tilhtfon.
Have to the full
appeaihed*
;
4. Acall upon
any as witnefs.
n.f. [from appareo, Lat. Shake/pears. The carting up of the e)es, and lifting up of
to appear.]
2. To cenfure ; to reproach ; to taint
the hands, is a kind of
with accufation. appeal to the Deity, the
1. Appearance ; author of wonders. Bann.
vifibility. For when Cymochles faw the foul
Wnen fuddenly flood at my head a dream, reproach, APPE'AL A NT. n.f. [from He
Whole inward Which them a] pea bed; jrick'd with appeal.'}
appari:i.n gently mov'd guilty fh.ime, that appeals.
And
inward grief, he fiercely gen
My fancy. M;i, m .
Refolv'd to put
approach,
Lords appealants,
My retirement tempted me to divert thofe me- away that lordly Aame. Fairy ?.
Norcanft, nor durft thou, traitor, on thy pain,
Your differences (hall all reft under gage,
lancholy thoughts which the new apparitions of Till we afiign you to your
jtffttct my honour, or thine own maintain. days of trial.
foreign invafion and domeftic difcsntentgave us. Sbakefp.
Denbnm. Drydcn. A v P E'A L E R n.f. [from apptal.}
.
One who
2. The thing appearing; a form ; a vi- APPE'ACHMENT. .
/ [from appeacb. ~\
makes an appeal.
fible objedt. Charge exhibited againft any man ; To APPE'AR. v. n. [appareo, Lat.]
I have mark'd accufation. I . To be in fight to be vilible.
A thoufand blufhing apparition* ADuly-beaded man gave firft light to this ap- As
;

leprulya//vj,-("i in the !kin the

t.'.c of' fk-fli.
To ftart into her face ; a thoufand innjcnt pctichmcr.t ; but the earl did avouch it. IL'ytt.'ard. -/., xiii.
fliames The duk^'i anfwers t. h,:, ,ip-f c<ifl m- i:n, in
.
43*
And half hrr knee and half her brealt
appear,
In angel whitene, bear -umber thirtei,
away thofe bluftes. Shak. 1 find tMi;.. >-^.!i;-J. Wat tin. Ey and bare. Prior.
A:!) lik<: ji'-i'ligercc, dil'cius'd,

z. To
 A P P A P P A P P
2. To become vifible as a fpirit. mape IJiccMint-Jifeit, (hould think 1t poflible f^r APPE'M. ATIVE. n.f. [appc-l/ativum, Lat.]
For I have appeared unto the e tor this purpife, to him to inftruO hi; plajer. Eaten. Words and names are either common or proper.
make theca min'ilter and a witnefs. jlfts, vl. 16. ATPK'ARER. n.f. [from To appear.] The mn names Hand for un-
are fuch as

j. To fland in the prefence of another, perfon that appc.tr.-. idcar, or a whole rank of being-, whether general
Th:t cwh or fprc'al. Thefc ate called appeUfiivn* i
generally ufed of Handing before fomc ravens are ominoxis ojpeanu,
arui
fifii, t-tid, man, ire common names j
and prcfignily unlucky cver.ts, was in *

fuperiour ; to offer himfelf to the judg- Brown. ; ,11 e trout, eel, loblrer; lor they all agree to
conception.
ment of a tribunal. nu:u individuala, auc es.
When fliall I come and afftar before God ?
APPE'ASABLE. aiij. [from To appeafe.]
Watts *
Logicl.
That may be pacified reconcilcable.
PfjIiK, llii. 2.
;
APPE'LLATIVELY. adv. [from appella-
To be the objeft of obfervation. APPE'ASABLENESS. n.f. [from To ap-
4.
The tive.] According to the manner of
Let thy woiic afftar unto thy fervants, and peafe.] quality of being eafily ap- nouns appellative ; as, ibis man is a
thy glory unto their children. Pfalm, xc. 16. peafed ; reconcileablenefs.
U-i-aths. Hercules is ufed appellati-yglj,
5. To exhibit one's felf before a court of To APPE'ASE. v. a. [apfai/er, Fr.]
to fignify a flrcng tnan.
juftice. 1 . To quiet ; to put in a Hate of peace. APPE'LLATORY.
Keep comfort to you, and this morning fee adj. [from appeal.] That
By his counfel -he affcajctb the deep, and
You do appear before them. Shakefp. Hen, VIII. Ecclus. which contains an appeal. Sec Ai'i-n,-
planteth iflandi therein. 23. xliii.
. To be made clear by evidence. England had no leifure to think of reformation^ LATE.
Egfrid did utterly wafte and lubdue APPE'LLEE. n.f. [from appeal.] One who
it, as ap - till the civil wars were
afpcajed, and peace fettled.

fears out
of Beda's complaint againft him and Da-vies (/n Ireland.
appealed againft, and accufed. DiX.
;
is
Edgar brought it under his obedience, as Jpfrari 2. To pacify ; to reconcile ; to ftill wrath. To APPE'ND. f. a. \appendo, Lat. to
by an ancient record. Spnjte'i Inland, So Simon was afpcajed towards them, and hang
to
7. To feem, in opposition to reality. fought no more againti them. I Mac. xiii.
47. any thing.]
His firit and principal care being to app:.ir unto O God if my deep prayers cannot appeafe thcc,
! 1 . To hang any thing, upon another ; as,
his people, fuch as he would have them be, and Yet execute thy wrath on me alone. the infcription was appended to the co-
to be fuch as he appeared. Skjh'fpearc's Ricl'ardUl. lumn
Sidney.
The me
: the feal is
appended to the record.
My noble mafter will appear reft (hall hear call, and oft be warn'd
2. To add to fomething, as an acceflbry,
Such ag he i-, full of regard and honour.
S&a^rjp. Their (inful ftate, and to affeaft betimes
not a principal part.
8. To be plain beyond dilpute. Th' incenfed Deity. Milton.
From experiments, ufet'ul indications may bi 3. To Mill ; to quiet. APPE'NDAGE. n.f. [French.] Something
taken, as wiJl appear by what follows, jfrtttlmt, The reft added to another thing, without being
APPE'ARANCB. n. f. [from fa appear.] They cut in legs and fillets for the feaft,
neceffary to its eflence, as a portico to
1. The aft of coming into fight
Which drawn and ferv'd, their hunger they ap-
the houJe.
as, they ;
peafe. Drydin.
were furprifed by the fudden appearance Modelty is the appendage of fc.briety, and is
APPE'ASBMENT. n.f. [from To appeafe.] to chaftity, to temperance, and to humility, uj
of the enemy.
The thing feen ; as, the remarkable
A ftate of peace. the fringes ate to a garment.
2. numbers nor in courage great,
Being neither in
Ttyhr't Rule t>f living
appearances in the flcy. partly by authority, partly by entreaty, they were None of the laws of motion now eltablifi.;-.:,

3. Phcenomena ; that quality of any thing reduced to fome good appcaftmxts. Hay-ward. will ferve to account for the production, i.
APPE'ASER. n.f. [from To appeafe.~\ He
which is vifible. or number of bodies, nor their appendages, though

The advancing day of experimental knowledge that pacifies others ; he that quiets dif- they may help us a little to conceive their a]
ances.
difclofech fuch appearances, is will not lie even in turbances. He was fo far from over-valuing any of the
any model extant. Clar.>v:!le's
APPE'LLANT. n.f. [appello, Lat. tocall.]
Stepfis.
appendages of life, that the thoughts of lirr did
4. Semblance ; not reality.
A
He encreafed in eitimaiion, whether by deftiny,
1.
challenger ; one that fummons an- not affect him. Atttri;<ij.

or whether by his virtues, or at leaft by his ap- other to anfwer either in the lills or in APPE'NDANT. adj. [French.]
a court of juftice. 1.
Hanging to
fomething elfe.
fearanccs of virtues. HafUMrd.
Heroic virtue did his actions guide, In the devotion of a fubjccVs love, 2.
Belonging to ; annexed ; concomitant.
And he the fubftance not th' appearance chofe. And free from other mifbegotten hate, He that delpifes the world, and all its append*'*
Cjme I appellant to this pr'm.:ely prefence. Siai. vanities, is the moft fccurc.
The hypocrite would not put on the epf This the day appointed for the combat,
is He that looks for the blefllngs apprndant to the
of virtue, if it was not the moft proper means to And ready are th* appellant and defendant, facramenr, muit expert them upon no terms, but
gain love. Addij.n. Th' armourer and his mn,
to enter the lifts. of a worthy communion.
Riches multiplied beyond the proportion
5. Outride j ftjow. Shalefpeare.
Under and
beautiful appearance there
a fair Thefe (hifts refuted, anfwer thy appellant, character, anj the wants appendar.t to it, naturally
-mould ever be the real fubltance of good. Rogers. Though by his blin.lncis mairrpd for high attempts, men
difpofe to forget God. K ;
n.
6. Entry into a place or company.
Who now defies thcc thrice to fingle fight. Milton. In law.
3.
Do the fame juftice to one another, which will 2. One that appeals from a lower to a
jfppendant any thing belonging to another,
is

be done us hereafter by thole, who (hall make as ai\ <IJ'.~rium with the civilians, or ad-
higher power. prir.cipali,
their appearance in the world, when this genr ration An
appeal transfers the cognizance ot the caufe i:tncr;tm J'ubjetJo, with the logicians. An hofpiial
is no more. Addiftn. to the fuperiorjudge ; fo that, pending the appeal, may be appendant to a manour j a common of
nothing can be attempted in prejudice of the af- nfliing appendant to a freehold. ( well*
f. Apparition ; fupernatural vifibility.
I think a perlbn with the imagination
terrified pdlaitt. Sljliffe's
P. APPE'NDANT. n.f. That which belongs
of fpeflres, more reafonablc than one who APPE'LLATE. n.f. \appellatus, lat.j The to another thing, as an accidental or
the appearance of fabulous. jfddifon. adventitious part.
fpirits perfon appealed againft.
8. Exhibition of the perfon to a court. An appcllatory libel ought to contain the name Pliny gives an account of the inventors of toe
I not tarry ; no, nor ever more
will of the party appellant; the name of him from forms and afpindarts of Ih! piling.
Upon this bufmcfs my appearance make whofe Icntcnce it is appealed j the name of him llale*s
Origin of Mankind.
to uhom it is appealed 3 from what fer.tence it is A
In any of their courts. SL^kcfp. Her.ry VIII. word, a look, a trend, will rtrike, as they .ire

circumftance of a cafe. appealed ; the day of the fentence pronounced, to external fymmetry, or indications of
9. Open ami appeal iistcipufcd ; and the name ot the party
apperdants
the bcanry of the mind.
Or grant her i>aflion be fincere,
How or perlba whom the appeal is
fliall his innocence be clear ? apptl'.att, againft To APPE'KDICATE. i>. a. [appendo, Lat.]
lot!.'' I.
Aj'.ffc'sPai ergon.
Appearances were
fo ftrong,
all

him in the APPELLA'TION. n. f.

To add to another thing.
The world mull think wrong. Swift. [appeltatio, Lat.] In a palace there is die cafe or fabrick of the
10. Prefence; mien. Name ; word by which any thing is
ftruc'hire,and there are certain additaments; as,
Health, wealth, victory, and honour, are in- called. various furniture, and curious motions of divers
troduced ; wifdom enters the laft, and fo capti- Nur ^rc always the fame plants delivered under things apptndic'atfd to it. Haff,
vates with her appearance, that he jives himfelf up the fame name and afpel/jti-jn.
Ernun.
APPEN Die A'TION. n.f. [from appendi-
to her. ddtiifirt. Brittan's Vulgar
likelihood. Good and evil the minu cate.] Adjunft ; appendage annexion.
;
11. Probability; feeming ; commonly operate upon
of man, by rcfpccHve naincs or appcllu'. There are conlider.ible puts and integral?, and
There is that which hash no apf cjramc, that
which th.yare notified and conveyed to the mind. appfr.di:ations unto the tnundut afpcclabilis, impofii-
this being utterly unacquainted with the
pricft //*.'.
blc tQ be eternal.
true perfon, according to whofc f attorn he (hould
 A P P A P P A P P
d'firefh, dirTereth greatly from that irvferiour natu- See their wide-ftreaming wounds they neither
APPE'NDIX. n.f. [appendices, plur. Lat.]
;

ral defire, which we call The objeft of came

Something appended, or added, to an-
appetite.
1.
appetite is
whatfoever fenfible good may be wifhed For pride or empire, nor defire of fame;
other thing. Jor ; the object of will is that good which reafon Kings fight for kingdoms, madmen for applaufi,
The cherubim were never intended as an objeft does lead us to feek. Ihokir. But love tor love alone, that crowns the lover's caufe.
of worlhip, becaufe they were only the appendices to The defire of fenfual pleafure. Drydens Fables.*
2.
another thing. But a thing is then propofed as an A'PPLE. n.f. [xppel, Saxon.]
Why, (he would hang on him,
object of worfljip, when it is fet up by itfelf, and
not by way of addition or ornament to another
As if increafe of appetite had grown 1 The fruit of the apple-tree.
.

By what it fed on. Sbakefp. Hamlet. Tall thriving trees confefs'd the fruitful mold ;
thing. StllKr.gflea. his hateful luxury,
Urge The redti'ning .ijfle ripens here to gold. Pofc's Qd.
Normandy became an appendix to England, the And beflial appetite in change of lull.
r dominion, and received a greater conformity 2. The pupil of the eye.
of their laws to the Englifti, than they gave to it. Utakeffcan'i Richard 111. He imtrudted him j he kept him as the apple of
Each tree
Hales Civil Law of England. his eye. Dcut. xxxii. 10..
Louden with faireft fruit, that hung to th' eye
2. An adjunct or concomitant. ftirr'd in me fudden appetite
APPLE of Love.
Tempting,
All concurrent appendices of the acVion ought to To pluck and cat. Milton's Paiadife Loft. Apples of love are of three forts ; the mod com-
be furveyed, in order to pronounce with truth con- mon having long trailing branches, with rough
3. Violent longing ; eagernefs after any
it. #'i.';j. leaves and yellow joints, fuccceded by apples, as
ce'rning
APPERTAIN,
'

To v. [appartcnir, Fr.] . thing. they are called, at the joints, not round, but
No man could enjoy his life, his wife, or goods, bunched; of a pale orange ihining pulp, and feed 3
1. To belong to as of right : with to. if a mightier man had an appetite to take the fame within. Mortimer's Husbandry t
The honour of devifing this doctrine, that reli- from him. Dalies.
gion ought to be inforced by the fword, woul.d be. APPLE-CRAFT, n. f. [from apple and
Hopton had an extraordinary appetite
to engage
found appertaining to Mahomed the falfe prophet. Waller in a battle. Clarendon. graft.~\ A
twig of apple-tree grafted
whom
Raleigh.
4. The thing eagerly defired. upon the flock of another tree.
The Father, f' in heav'n fupreme Power being the natural appetite of We have feen three and twenty forts of
princes, a li- apple,
Kingdom, and power, and glory appertains,
Hath honour'd m, according to his will. Par. Left.
mited monarch canrfot gratify it. Sivift. grafts upon the fame old plant, moft of them
Keennefs of liomach defire adorned with fruit. Boyle.
2. To belong to by nature or appointment. 5. ; hunger; .

If the foul >^f man did ferve only to give him bc- of food. APP&E-TART. n.f. [from apple and tart.\
:i this life, then things appertaining to this life There be four principal caufes of appetite ; the A tart made of apples.
would content him, as we fee they do other crea- refrigeration of the ftomach, joined with ibmedry- What, up and down carv'd like an apple^tart !

tures. nefs ; contraction ; vellication, and abfterfion ;

Sbakcjpeare*.
And bcfides hunger, which is an emptinefs.
they roafted the paflbver with fire, as appcr- APPLE-TREE, n.f. [from apple and tree.~\
taiattb a; for the facrifiies, they fod them Bacon's Natural
: Hifiory. The moft part hol-
There fruit of this tree is for the
I
EfJni!. abundance, which creates
is continual
po'.s. lowed about the foot ftalk the cells inclofing the
Both of them feem not to generate o; fuch an appetite in ynur reader, that lie is not ;
any feed are feparated by cartilaginous partitions ; the
feft, but fuch as a?pt!-:aint:b :o tiieu" proper nbjecls cloyed with any thing, but faiisficd with =11. Dryd.
6. It has fometimes of be/ore the objeft of juice of the fruit is lourifh ; the tree large and
ar.d i; Ba;m.
know no fecrets fpreading; the flowers corrlift of five leaves, ex-
li it cxpeled, I ihould defire.
That panding in form of a role. There is a gieat va-
appertain to you ?
Shakcfp. Juus Cerjar. The new officer's nature needed fome reftraint
riety of thefc fruits. Thofe for the deflert are, the
APPERTA'INMENT. [from apper- n.f. to his immoderate appetite of power. Clarendon. white juniting, Margaret apple, fummer pearmain,
tain.'] That which belongs to any rank j. Sometimes to. fummer queening, embroidered apple, golden rei-
or dignity. We have generally fuch an appetite to praife, that nctte, fummer white Colvillc, fummer red Colville,
He ment otir meflengers, and we lay by
we greedily fuck it in. Government of the 'Tongue. lilver pippin, aromatick
pippen, the gray reinette,
Our of him. APPETI'TION. De- la hautc-bontc, royal ruflcting, Wheeler's ruflet,
appcrtainrr.cnts, vihting SLakt'f>. n.f. [affefitio, Lat.]
APPE'RTEN ANCK. n.f. [afpartenanee, Fr.] fire. Sharp's ruflet, fpice apple, golden pippen, nonpa-
reil, and 1'api. Thofc' for the kitchen ufe are, cod-
That which belongs or relates to another The actual appetiian or fattening our affections
f ling, fummer marigold, fummer red pearmain,.
on him. Hamr.:oi:d's fra&cal Cftifbifin.
thing. Holland pippin, Kcntiih pippin, the hanging body,
Can they which behold the controverfy of divi-
We find in animals an cftimative or judicial fa-
Loan's pearmain, French reinette, French pippin,
an appetitkn or a\erfation. 'Judgc Hale.
nity condemn our enquiries in the doubtful apptr. C'llty,
royal rulTct, monftruous reinette, winter pearmain,
ttr.anius of arts, and receptaries of philofophj t A' P P E r j r i v E .
adj. [ from appetite. ] That pomme viulctte, Spencer's pippin, ftone pippin,
Brnvns I'ulfar Errors. which defires ; that which has the qua- oakenpln. And thofc generally ufed for cyder are,
APPE'RTI KENT. adj. [from To apper- lity of dtliring. Devonshire royal wilding, redftreaked apple, the
The will is not a bare appetitive power, as that of whiti'our, Herctordlhire unikrleai, John apple, &c.
tain.} Belonging; relating.
You know h .w waj the fenfuji appetite, but is a rational Miller.
apt our l>ve to ace 3rd appct.tc.
To furnifh him with all Male's Origin ofMar.lind. Oaks and. beeches laft longer than apples and
gpjurtintnfl
K,iror..
Belonging t" .

Khai~-fp. fferr\ "*.". I myfelf an abpnit'rve faculty always in

find in pcari.
exticife, in the very height of aft*vity and Jnvigo-
Thus aff/e-treesv/hnfc trunks are ftronj to beai-
A'PPETENCE. ? n.
f. [appeter.tia, Lat.] :
Their fpreading boughs, txcrt thcmiclvcs in air.
ratii -Af.rr, !.
A'PPETESCY.
.

Carnal defire fenlu.il

defire.
j ;
To APPLAX D. T
11. a.
[applautto, Lat.]
Drydfn..

Bred only and completed to the tafte

1. To praife by clapping the hand.
APPLE. WOMAN, n.f. [from apple and
O( iu:tr:l rt^(frfftc';to fing, to dance,
I would
apf.laud thce to the very echo, woman.]- A woman that fells apples,
To Ihi' /agjin. SbMtjp. Macbeth.
.

that keeps fruit on a ftall.

drefs, to troule the tongue, and roll the eye.
MfjJi n
'
. 2. To praife in genera!. \ ondcr are two apple-women fcolding, and
juA
APPETIBI'LITY. n. f. [from appetible.~\ Na:i your- mighty names tfi 1! i' u- -;,
ready to uncoifone another. Arbittbnot ami P oft.
And worlds applnud'jhAt ni-i'.l no: )c. b^ :ound '

The quality of being defirable. APPI.I'ABLE. adj. [from apply.] That

That rliciratii.n whicli tlie fchools intend, is a Fay. which may be applied. For this word
APPLA'UDER. n.f. [from applaud.] H-_-
deducing of the r'wer of the will in' the moderns ufe applicable which fee.
:v of the object, as a man d.aws that prailej or commends. ;

Li i.it.itiomIjch principles luivc, in regard of

-ill
a ciiild after him wiili the fight of a green bough. i b* '<f
my fiiiglc reafon againft it,
the varieties of the matter wlnumivo they are aft.
BrambiiH azainft '. drowned in the noife of a multitude of app:.
//. ilookrr.
A'PPETIBLE. adj. [nffetil>ilis,La.t.'\ De- Glanvil'e's Scefjis.
All th.tt I have faidof the heathen idolatry is <i/>-
firable ; that which may be the objedl of APPLA'USE. n.f. [applauftts, Lat.] Ap- Mj or" another fort of men in the
probation loucily expreilbd ; praife : world. Saiti'.
appetite.
i'o*er both to flight the mofl n*petillc objefls, properly a clap. APPLI'ANCE. ./. [from apply.} The aft
and to controul the moft unruly paf'.ons* i i:
genera! apflaufe, and cheart'ul Oiout,
of applying ; the tiling applied.
Erouibali againfl Hobbes. Argues your wifdom and your love to Richard.
Dil'eale.-,
dclp'rate grown
A'PPETITF.. n.f. [appethus, Lat.] Sbakejpejre.
By defperate affliame are relieved.
v/ept, Sbaltfpcan,
j. The natural defire of good ; the inltinft And c!r'.l her baiJc'.rij waves into attention Are yc u rhut'M ?
;
Art;Cod for tcinpi-raafe, 'tis
by which we are led to feek pleafure. And A:llChar)bdis munnur'd foiiapplauje. Milton,
the
tffRmtl<aAj
1 he taken, as itand rf T;, ifc that arc fo fond of Which yovir defire requires.
appluujt, how little do
wi:l properly ftridlly is Sbakffj.tart.
U.i-|> which ate referred unto the end that man -ifte it when
they have it iiouik.
[hom. applicable.]
!

n.f.
I
llML
 A P P A P-P A P P
'

The quality of beiitg fit to be applied to i uitli is tlii inwaH nj'jlttatHy, and if there trafgrtded, and immediately thou apptlmtdif
be jny outwird, muft be the lacr.unenU.
it death in him, Ind in his generations. 2 t:
fomething.
.
:

h- :icii"n of ctHd "u coropofrd of two parts

1 Tayf'/r's Worthy Communicant O
Lord, that art the God of thr juft, thou haft
the one preffmp, the other penetration, which re
;
T APPLY', v. a. laffJ'co, Lat.] not cppcinted repentance to the juft.

quire appticaeifhy, &rfl>y,

i. To put one thing to another. Mfiaffib't Frayer.
A'pPt.ICAriLF. atij. [from Off!)'.] '1 lull He laid, and Co the fword his throat appM. 4. To furmfli in all
points ; to equip; to
which may be applied, as properly re- fupply with all things neceflary : ufed
2. To lay medicaments upon a wound. anciently in fpeaking of foldiers.
lating to fomething.
What he fays <>f the portrj't of any particular Apply fome fpcedy cure, prevent our fatr, The EnglilTi being well appointed, did fo enter-
Ann luccour nature ere it be too late. slddif'.n. tain them, that their
perfon, is applicable to prctry. In the characlcr, fliips departed terribly torn.
God hat addrelfed every patiion of our nature,
there is a better or .1 worfe liicenefs ; the better rs a JLiywjrJ.
applied remedies to every weaknefs, warned us of APPO INTER, He
panegyrick, and the vrorfe a libfl. Drydcn, ' n.f. [from appoint.]
wrre happy for us, if this complaint were ap-
It every enemy. Rcgcrs. that fettles or fixes
. To make ufe of as relative or fuitable to any thing or place.
plicable only to the heathen
world. 3
Rcgtri. APPO'INTMENT. n.f. [appoint e*unt , Fr.]
A'PPLICABLENESS. fomething.
n.f. [from fpflica- This brought the death of your father into re-
1 .
Stipulation ; the aft of fixing fomething
tlt.] Fitnefs to be applied. in which two or more are concerned.
membrance, and \ repeated the verfej which I for-
The knowledge of
may poflihly, by that
falts
They had made an affoiittnurii together, to come
merly app/iid to him. JDryJec't Fftlet.
little p.ut wnich we have already delivered of its mourn with him, and to comforthim. 'Jftli, ii. 11.
4. To put to a certain ufe.
to
affJical.'atefi, be of ufe
in natural philofophy. Byle.
The profits thereof might be offried towards the
2. Decree ; eitabJiihment.
A'PPLICABLY. adv. [from applicable.] fupport of the year. Clarendon. The ways of death be onlyjin his hands, who
In fuch a manner as that it may be pro- alone hath power over all flefli, and unto
j. To ufe as means to an end. whofea^.
Thefe poir.tmtnt we ought with patience meekly to Aibmit
perly applied. glorious beings are initrurnents in the
ourfeives.
A'I-PLICATE. n.f. [from apply-] right A hands of God, who afflict their fervices, and go- Hitker.
verns rhcir actions, and difpofcs even their w'lls and 3. Direftion; order.
line drawn acrofs a curve, fo as to biiect
aff'ccVions.
Roger:.
That good fellow,
the diameter thereof. Chamber!. If I command him,
6. To fix the mind upon ; to ftudy : with follows my afpsintmtnt ;

APPLICA'TION. n.f. [from apply.] to. Locke

ufes alo^t, lefs properly.
I will have none fo near elfe.
Sbuhfptare^
1. The aft of applying any thing to ano- 4. Equipment ; furniture.
Apply thine heart unto inftruftion, and thine
ther; as, he mitigated his pain by the ears to the words of knowledge. Pro*, xxiii. iz. They have put forth the haven further on, :

Where their appointment we may bcrt difcover,

application of emollients. Every man isconfcioiis to himfelf that hr thinks; Ar.d look on their endeavour.
anj th.it which his mind is apflitd about, whilfr. Sbakffpcare*
2. The thing applied ; as, he invented a Here art tlvju in
thinking, the ideas that are there.
is Locke. appointment fre(h anfl fair,
new af plication, by which blood might Jt is a fign of a capacious mind, wh-n the mind Anticipating time with ftarting courage. Sbakrfp,
be Itau/chcJ. can apply itfclf to fcveral objects with a fwift fuc- 5. An allowance paid to any man, com-
3. The acl or applying to any perfon, as a ceflion. Watts. monly ufed of allowances to publick of-
lolicitor, or petitioner. 7. To have recovrrfe to, as a folicitor or ficers.
It fliouW fecm very extraordinary, that a
patent petitioner ; wilh to : as, I
applitt) myfelf To APPO'RTION. i>. a. [from ptrtio, Lat.]
fliouH be pifltd, upon the application of a poor, to him for help. To fet out in juit proportions.
obfcure mech.inick.
prA i:e, Siu'ifi.
8. To addrefs to. Trythe parts of the body, which of them iflua
4..
The employment of means for a certain God at laft fpecdily, and which dowry ; and, by
tppcrthr.tng
end. To Satan firft m fin his doom
apply'J,
th: time, take and leave that
quality which you de-
The is no flint which can be
the value or fet to The' in myflerious termr, judg'd as then beft. fir"- Bacon.
mcr:: of the (.iciiiiccd body of Chrift ; it hath no Milton. To ware good, that fome proper prayer
thrfu it
'

measured certainty of limits, bounds of efficacy Sacred vows and myftic fong afply'd, were apportioned, and they taught it. Scutb.
uni.) lire it knoweth none, but is allb itfclf inrinitc To grifly Pluto and bis. floomy bride.
An crficc connot be affini^cd out like a com-
Pope.
in uoJTibility of afflaati-.n. llakir. To mon, and j'hared among diilinci
keep at work an anti-
to :
Cvl/icr, .

9. bufy ;
If a right courfe be taken with children, there APPO'RTIONWENT.
quated ienfe ; for which we now ufe//y. n.f. [from afpor-
it be much need of the
applicatlsH of the com- A dividing of a rent into two
.

She .was flcilful in

tippling his humours j never tion]
mon rewards and punishments. Locke.
nor hope to haften
fuft'crin^ fear to fall ;o defpair, parts or portions, accoiding as the land,
Intenfenefs of thought ; ck>fe ftudy. to afTurance. Sidntv.
5. whence it iflues, is divided among two
1 have difcovered no other way to
keep our, 10. To aft to ply.
upon ;
or more proprietors. Chambers.
thoughts clofe to their bufinefs, bur,
by frequent ,u- A varlet running towards haftily,
tention and affliction, getting the habit of atten- Whofc
To APPO'SE. i>. a. [appono, Lat.]
flying feet to fjir th.-ir way apply'd,
tion and application, Locke. That round about of duft did 1. To to. This word is not
a cloud
fly. Fairy }. put quefHona
6. Attention to fome particular a/Fair : To APPLY', -v. n. now in ufe, except that, in fome fchools,
with the particle to. 1. To fuit ; to agree. to put grammatical tjueltions to a boy
His contin-.icd application to fuch pubtick affairs, Would ii ,
'the vehemency of your is called to foje him ; and we now ule
s
may benefit his kingdoms, diverts him from affccVion, tlu: I (houU win what you vould enjoy ?
poj't for puzzle.
Stakejftart. Some procure thcmfelves to be furprifed at fuch
This crimecertainly deferves trie utmoft opfdica- To have recourfe
2 .
to, as a petitioner. times as it islike the party that they work
upon,
thn and wil'dora of a people to prevent it.. jfJUiftn. in u
m any but himfelf;
J l.i. :
..v.;!i' will come upon them : and to be found with a
7. Reference to fome cafe or pofition as ;
.hers. Swift. lettcrin their hand, or doing fomewhat which
they
the ftory was told, and'the hearers midc 3. To attach by way of influence. arc not accuftomed ; to the end
they m.iy lie ap.
and ard in pefed of thofc things which of tiicaa:elvcs are
the application. ulty p.illi in, they
This principle afts with the greateft force in ilv
v.lu; r..ui:ucr they can be mod fuccefsful.y applied
defirous to utter. Eaccn.
wnrfl apftli^'athrt ;
and the familiarity of
t'J.
Rogers. 2. A latinifm. To apply to.
men more fucccfsiully debauches, than that of good
To APPO'INT. \appointer, Fr.] <v. a.
putrid vapours, the nutriment is ren-
By malign
men reforms. Rtfcrl. I . To fix any thing, as to fettle the exaft dered unapt of being app.ftd to the parts.
Harvey m
APPLICATIVE, adj. [from apply,] That time for feme tranfaftion. A'fPOSiTE.ac/j. \appcfetus, Lat.] Proper ;
which applies. the Father. Calat. iv. 2.
fit; well adapted to time, place, or cir-
:

The directive command for ccv.mfe! is in the ur.- 2. To fettle any thing by compact. cumftances.
derlUnding, and the applicative command for put- lie me thy wages, and I will pay The duke's delivery of his mind was not fo
i.-i.'j jtfpoittt
ting in execution it in the .viil. it. GetL/is. marp, as fopd and grave, and appcfite to the times
BrambM agairfl '
Now t':rre was an appointed fign between the and oceali Wotton,
men pf Ifrael and the Hers in wait. Judgts, xx. 38.
A'PPLICATORY. adj. [from apply.] That Neither was Perkin, for his part, wanting to
which comprehends the aft of applica- ;;.
To eftablifti any thing by decree. himfelf, either in gracious and princely behaviour,
wjs before the Lord, which ch'-fe me before
It or in ready and
appojite anfwers. Bacon*
tion.
thy father, and before a!l his h >ufc, t.> P.em.irk.ablr. inftances of this kind have beeri ;
A'PPI. ICATORY. n.f. That which applies. ruler over the people of the Lord. : S<sn. vi. 21. but it wi!l :u!minifter reflections very
np^fte to
Theic.i.-e Lut two way Unto him thou ,:,\, :!'.
i.'jiin.undmeut, which he the dclign of this
prcfent falemnitj-. AtUrburj.
A'PPOSITELY.
 A P P A P P A P P
A'PPOSITELY. ad--v, [from appojiti.] Pro- 2. Opinion ; fenuments ; coriceflion. yeah, upon condition that the artificer,
perly ;
fuitably. fitly ; If we aim at right underftnding its true na- or tradesman, Ihall, in the mean time,
We may appcji:e!y compare this difeafe, of .1 ture, we mud examine what apprebetjion mankind endeavour to inllrudt him in his art or
proper and improper confumption, to a decaji.nj make of it.
Dfgl'y.
myftery. Cc=weli.
noufe. .

Har-jey,
Tobe falfe, and to be thought falfe, is all one in
When we come into a government, and fee this refpedl of men who aft not according to truth, but
L&vernjoined fach diligence, that no apprentice,
or" honour allotted to' a murderer, another South. no, no bond flave, could ever be more ready than
place apprcbenfion.
with an atl.eift or a bhfphemer, may we not The expreflions of that princefs was.
young Sidney.
tilled
fcnpture are commonly fuited
He
found him fuch an apprentice, as knew well
affefitely and properly afx, Whether there be any in thofe matters to the vulgar apfrfbrnjitms and
enough how to fet up for himfelf. Wottir:.
virtue, fobriety, or religion, amongtt futh a peo- conceptions of the place and people where they were
This rule fets the painter at liberty $ it teaches
ple ? South. delivered. Loch.
him, that he ought not to be fubjedt himfelf fer-
A'PPOSITENESS. n.f. [from appofite.] Fit- 3. The faculty by which we conceive new
vilely, and be bound like an apprentice to the rules
nefs propriety ; fuitablenefs.
; ideas, or power of conceiving them. of his ait.
Drydafs Dufrejnoy,
I nim'd them as
Judgment is e;rher concerning things to be t'ley pafs'J, and understood To APPRE'NTICE.
known, or ot' things done, of their congruity, fit- Their nature, with fuch knowledge God indu'd [from the noun.]
*v. a.

nefs, ri^htnefs, af,fo/i;ea-f!. Mv fuddcn apprihcnjion. Milton. To put out to a mailer as an apprentice.
lljti'i Origin 'if Manl'md. Him portion'd maids, apprenticed orphans bled,
4. Fear. The young who
APPOSI'TIOV. world mould be held in IVT,
It faehoveth that the labour, and the old who reft.
ti.f. [appo/itio, Lat.]
1. The addition of new matter, ib as that not by a vain furmife, but a true apprebcnfan of Pope.
fomewhat which no man may think himfelf able APPRE'NTICEHOOD. n.f. [from appren-
it
may touch the firil mals.
to withftand. Hooker. The years of an apprentice's fer-
Ur.ne infp^rej wirh a tice.'}
microfcopc, will difcover Andhe the future evil fiiall no lefs
a black fand ; wherever this fand (ticks, it grows vitude. .

In apprelenf.m, than in fubftance, fee'.. 71,'.'.':;:.

Muft J not ferve a long apprert'icebcod
afp'Ji:l;n of new matter.
ftill bigg-r,
by the
1 h- npfrcbcrfcn ofwhat was to come from an To
Arbutkrat on Diet. foreign paiTagcs, and in the end,
2. In unknown, at trail unacknowledged fuccefl'our to
Having my freedom, boaft of nothing elfe
grammar, the putting of two nouns the crown, clouded much cf that profperity. But that I was a journeyman to grief?
in the lame cafe as, Liter Stifannte ma- Sbakefp.
; Cltmtha.
tr.s, the book of his mother Sufan. As APPRENTICESHIP, n.f. [from appren-
they have no apprekerfan of thefe things, fo
rAPPKA'JSE.i/.a. [apprecitr, Fr.] To
thev need no comfort againft them. Tillotf^n. tice.] years which an apprentice b
The
fet a
Aftrr the dea'h of his nephew Caligula, Clau- to pafs under a mafter.
price upon any thing, in order to dius was in no fmalj apprebtr/Jion for his own life. In every art, the fimpleft that is, there is anaf-
fale.
jUJifcm. neCeflary, before it
can be expeited one
APPRAISER, A per- frtnticcji.'ip '

n.f. [from appraife.} 5. Sufpicion of fomething to happen, or ihould work. Dighy.

fon appointed to fet a be done. Many rulhed into the miniitry, as being the
price upon things
to be fold. I'll note you in my book of memory, only calling that they could profel's, without ferv-
South,
To APPREHE'ND. -v. a. [apprehend, Lat.
And fcourge you fjr this apprebtnfon. Rbffkffp.
ir.g any cpprtntictjbip.

to take hold That he might take away the apprebenfion, that To A?PRI'ZE. i/. a. part.
of.] [apprendre ;
he meant fuddenly to depart, he font out orders, To
1. To lay hold on. which he was fure ^-'ould come into the enemies appris, Fr.] inform ; to give the
1 here is nothing buthath a double handle, or at knowledge of any thing.
hands, to two or three villages, that they mould
leail we have two h.inds to
apfrtbinJ'H. Tayl:r. fend proportions of corn into
He conliders the tendency of fuch a virtue or
Batinghoufe.
2. To feize in order for trial or punifh- Clarendon. vice; he is well apprized, that the rcprefcntation
of fome of thefe things may convince the under-
ment. 6. Seizure.
ftanding, and fome may terrify the confcience.
governor k'-pt the city with a garrifon, deli- See that he be convcy'd unto the Tower :
rn tfltlt.
; '

me. z Cor. xi. 32. An<! go we brothers to the man that t^ok him,
fffrthtaJ It he be apfrixed of a few things, that may
is fit
was the rabi.:e,of which no
It Tc queftion ot his apprebn&ii
body wa Sbakefptare.
and, which is moie (bangs, .not one apprehended. prevent his mjftaking. Ctyxe
7. The power of feizing, catching, or But if apprm'd of the fevere attack,
Clai'tndor.
The couhtry be mut up, lur'd by the fcrnt,
3. To conceive by the mind. holding.
A On
The
lobfter hath the chely or preat claw of one church-yard drear (inhuman to relate)
good which gotten by daing, caufeth not
is
fide longer than the other, but this is not their leg, The difappointed prowlers fall.
action Tbomfon,
; unlcfs, apprehending jt as good, we like
nd ^
but a part of apprebenfir.r. whereby they feize upon To APPRO'ACH. -v. n. [affrecter, Fr.]
Hxker. their prey. Brwor't F.rrwr<.
Vet tli.v, I affrd. r.
'

.-.
wl.y to thofe
fulpar 1. To draw near locally.
Among w_V,m G,'d
;,
will d v c-n tu dwell on earth,
APPREHE'NSIVE. adj. [ from apprehend. ] '
fis time to look about: the powers of the
Som- Itws are given. Milton. 1. Quick to underftand. k;n d t
m approach apace. Siabc
Th' .ir,d
incorruptib'.r,
And givi's encouragement to thofe who teach We fuppjle Ulyfles apfroacting toward
and can only be
apprct ended by our minds.
fuch apprekinjiv. fcholars. Holder. plicme. &
Stillingfttt.
If Con!c'en>-e be naturally
af>prelvrfive and fuga- 2. To draw near, as time.
To think on with terrour ; to fear. cious', certainly we mould trull ajid rely upon the
4. Hark ! I hear the found of coaches,
From my grandfather's dea:h I had reafon rep -rts nf it. &wtl. The hour of" attack af-f-i-',ai't.^-s.
tc
Gay,
'\W the lljne;. and, from my lath 2. Fearfuh To malce a progrefs towards, in the fi-
3.
the ,
The inhabitant! of thij country, when I
pp.fTcd
A P P K E K f/N D E R through it, were extremely .ifprcheafne of (icing gurative fenfe, as mentally.
n.f. [from apprehend.]
.
He mail approach unto me for who is this that :

Concciver thinker. Lomba'rdy the feat < AJJif-n.

;
are not a< all of evils .;t a engaged his heart to approach unto me ?

(i n may not think it any more

' Thry apprtbltlfivt
:, nor- tormented with the fearful
prof; eel
Jtr. xxx. li
i th.it a bulkt ihould be
rn.veu'by the of what To have knowledge in all the objects of contem-
miy bcfnl tiicm hereafter. Tiffctfon,
plation, \'j what the roind can hardly attain unto ;
rariti .tii.'/c.

APPREHENSIBLE, adj. 3. Perceptive feeling. the inftances arc few of thofe who have, in any
[from reprehend.} my tormentors, armM with deadly
mcafure, approached towards
,

That which may be apprehended, or

it. Locke.

coiKeived. Milieu. 4. To come near, natural affinity, or

by
:prtl(r.fvt tcntlrrcft parts.
north and fjuthern poles are incommuni- PPREHE'NT.IVE i,y. aih'.
refemblance ; as, the cat approaches to
[from appre-
x-d points,
In an apprehenfive the tiger.
.

kenfive.'] manner.
in the other. Bro-wn'i Vulgar E r-.'in.
AP p R E H /:: s v f. N KSS. n. f. To APPRO'ACH. -v. a.
APPREHL'KSIOM. n.f. [npfrehenfa, Lat.]
i
[from nfpr--
The i. To bring near to. This fenfe is rather
hcrfivc.'} quality of being appre-
I. The mere French than Englim.
contemplation of things.
'

vc.
without affirming or much more Tbia they will nimbly perform, if olijcfted to
denying any thing
'

V. i: ', -. wcls are diffirylt to

the extrerr.es; but llimly, and not at all, if
concerning them. So we think of a be tauiiSt, yog v> ill tinj, i.y f.illinc upon them lad, ap-
horfe, high, fwift, animal, time, matter, :.
'.f by thcafi/rfbinjivtncfs already gained in proached urrf o their roots. Enwri'sVuIgar Errei,r:.
ru: th" conl- Holder. By plunging paper thoroughly in weak fpirit of"
mind, death, &c.
1< .

ll'atx. wine, and approaching jt to a candle, the fpirituous

-note:, no more than the APPRr/NTICE. ,,./. [apprenii, Fr.] One parts will burn, without harming the paper. Bylc,
-Ctir.n nf an ohjefl, without ei- that is bound by covenant to ferve ano-
Approach d, and looking unikineath the fun,
. d-ductioa. Lhr.-villt. ther man of trade, fijr a certa;a term of He law proud Aiulc. Uiyiirn.
VOL. L O a. To
 A P P APP APP
Things fancYificd were thereby in fJch fort tp- void, the diocefan and the patron, upon
*. To come near to.
might never af-
ai that they the king's licence, may conclude. Co<wcl!.
He wa. an admirable poet, nd thought efn to pnp riatcJ unto God, Hukcr,
ter.vards again be made common.
have apf reacted Homer. 1 0ff If. APPROPR' A'TOR. n.f. [from appropriate.]
As for. thii f;iot of ground, tWs perfon, this
APPROACH, [from the verb.]
n. /. fcleded and tpprtfrilleJ, I have
He th.it is po(Te(Ted of an appropriated
tl.ii-.g, i have
will en- benefice.
The of drawing near. inclofed it to myfclf and my own u!e ; and
I
1. ft
could bid the feventh welcome with ti good
1 1" 1 dure no Oiarer, no rival, or companion in it< South. Thefc apfr priatcn, by reafon of their perperui-
to the gods, tie', are accounted owners
of the fee (imp
* heart as 1 can bid tho othi-r five farewcl, I fhouid Some they appropriated
be glad of his approach. Shat. Mcrcb. offence. And fomc to publick, Onic to private ends. ;
ra arecalled propil

[from approve.] That

'
1'is with our fouls '.

As with our eyes, that after a long darkncft Maries of honour are appropriated to the ma-
which merits approbation.
Are dazzled at th' approach of fudden light. Denb. giflrate, that lie might be inviicd to reverence
Alttrkary.
The folid reafon, or confirmed experience, of
Accefs. himfelf.
2.
any men, is appnvaMt in what profeflion fo-
claim or exercife ; to take to him-
very
Honour hath in it the vantage ground to do good ; 2. To ever. Br'swrii Ifutgar L
fhe approach to kings and principal perfons ; and felf by an exclufive right.
the ra ting of i man's own fortunes. Baccn. To themfelves appropriating
A P P R o'v A L .
[from approvr. ] Appro-
it.
f.
bation a word rarely found.
promis'd alike and giv'n
:

3. Huilile advance.
The fpirit of God,
For England his approaches makes as fierce To all b.'l.cvc.s. MUt> a cenfor of juftice and manners, v,i;h-
'i'lieie is
1

the out \vh-)fe approval no capital fe:; be

iliould people cngrofs and appropriate
>

As waters to the fucking of a gulph. Shaktfp. Why executed.

common benefits of fire, air, and water, to thfem- /'V.
4. Means of advancing.
Agaiml belcagur'd heav'n the giants
move ; fclves > L'Etratge. APPRO'VAKCE. n. f. [from approve.] Ap-
title to it ; and
Hills pifd on on mountains mountains lie, Every body clfc has an equal : a word not much ufed.
hills,
therefore he cannot appropriate, he cannot inclofe,
probation
To make their mad approaches to the Iky. Dtyd. A man of his learning ih v:M not fo lightly rn\e
without the conlent ot all his fellow commoners,
APPRO'ACHER. [from app roach.] The
n.f. all mankind.
Locke.
been carried away with old wives' tales fcoma/ pro-
or draws near. vance of his own re i!i>". Spenfert
perfon that approaches 3. To make to fomething; to
peculiar 'J flic feem
Thou gav'ft thine cars, like tapftcrs, that bid
annex by combination. Soft'ning the lead apprm.mcr to bellow,
welcome, verfes of facred
To knaves and all apprcactcn. Sbakcfpearr.
He need but he furniflied with Their Colours burnifli, and, by hope inf; J

that has appropriated They brifk advance. .foil.

fcripture ; and his fyllem,
APPRO'ACHMENT. n.f. [from approach.} them to the orthodoxy of his church, makes them To APPRO'VE. i/. a. [apprsuver, Fr. ap-
The aft of coming near.
immediately irrefragable arguments.
Locke.
will not concrete but in the probo, Lat.]
As for ice, it ap- We, by degrees, get ideas and names, and learn
fnacbmcnt of the air, as
we have made trial in their appropriated connection on* with another.
1 . To like ; to be pleafed with.
will not eafily freeze. There can be nothing poflibly evil which God
glades of water, which
ii'.CRf.

Brown's Falgar Errours. See and that he appryverb much more than
In law, to alienate a benefice. approveth,
4. he doth command. H-.oker.
APPROBATION, n.f. [approbotio, Lat.] APPROPRIATION.
or expreffing
What power was that, whereby Medea faw,
1. The aft of approving, Before Richard II. it was lawful to appropriate And well affrov'd, and piaij'd the better courfc,
himfelf pleafed or fatiified. the whole fruits of a benefice to any abbey, the When her rebellious fcnfe did fo withdraw
That not pall me, but houfe one to ferve the cure; that king re-
fi-iding Her feeble pow'rs, that (he purfu'd the worfe ?

drelled that horrid evil.

By learned approbation of my judges. Stalcfp. A^lifft. Dav'ics.
a. The liking of any thing. APPRO-'PRIATE. adj. [from the verb.] 2. To exprefs liking.
no pofitive law of men, whether received
There i; Peculiar ; configned to fome particular It is looked upon as infolence for a roan to fct up
or by lecret ap-
by formal confent, as in councils, ufe or perfon ; belonging peculiarly. his own opinion againil that of fome learned doctor,
taken away.
fnbtioit, as in cuftoms, but may be He did inftitute a band of fifty archers, by the or otherwife appryi-ti writer. Locke.
Uo'.kcr.
worth and goodnefs
name of yeomen of guard his ;
and that it might
3. To prove ; to (hew ; to juftify.
The bare approbation of th be thought to be rather a matter of dignity, than His meaning was not, that Archimedes could
ef a thing, is not properly the willing of that thin^; matter of diffidence appropriate to his own cafe, be deceived ; but that he had in
account i; fo. any fimply in nothing
jet men do Tery commonly Spgtt,
he made an ordinance not temporary, but to hold fuch (art approved his (kill, that he feemed worthy
Attention in fucceflion for ever.
Bacon. of credit for ever after, in matters appertaining
3. ; fupport.
Hiw many now in health Thehc.uhe.;s themfelves had an npprehenfion of to the fcience he was Ikilful in. Il'.sker*
Shall drop their blood in approbation the of fome acts of divine In religion,
necellity appropriate
Oi" what your reverence fhall incite us to. wu , : :, .
_
StUfag/tit, What damned errour, but fome fober brow
Sbakifpcerc. APP ROP R i A'T 10 N . n. f. [from appropri- Will blefs it, and opprcvi it with a text ? Sbairjp.
APPRO'OF. n.f. as proof I'm forry
[from approve, ate.]
commend- to a par- That he approve} the common liar, Fams,
from/rei;*.] Approbation ;
1. The application of fomething Who fpeaks him thus at Rome. Shakrfpfcit.
ation : a word rightly derived, but old. ticular purpofe. W;>uld'it thou approve ihy conftancy ? si
O
moft perilous mouths, fhould have difiintVideas of the things,
The mind Firft thy obedience. Itl-.M*.
That bear in them on: and the felf-farac tongue and retain the particular name, with its peculiar Refer all the aQions of this fliort lift to that
Either of condemnation or apprcof'! to that idea. Ls.ke.
which will never end ; and this will apfrm
apfnpriation (late
7'sAppRo'pERATH. <v.a. 2. claim of any thing as peculiar.
The itl'slf to be wifdom at the laft, whatever th

To hallen to fet forward. ;

d. He doth nothing but talk ot his horle, and make judge of it now.
a great appropriation to his good pa.ts, that he
can
Tn AP f RO P I'M (yj A T E. 1J. a. {apprufitiquo, 4. To : not in ufe.
experience
flioe him himfelf. Slake/fearA Oh 'tis the curie in love, inJ
Lat.] To draw nigh unto toapproach.
! X\\\affry,'.i,
;
The to When women cannot love, where
<v. n. 3. fixing a particular fignification they're belov'd.
7't,
APPROPl'NtjJJE. [appropinquo,
near a word. .

approach ; to draw
To to.
Lat.] The name of faculty may, by an apprr; 5.
To make, or (how, to be worthy of ap-
A ludicrous word. th.it diQuifes its true fenfe, palliate the abfurdi'y.
probation.
The clotied blood within my h ft, The firil care and concern muft b? to apjtrovt
That f.om my wounded body flows, .. In law, a fevering of a benefice ecclc- himfelf to God ty righteoufnefs, hjhm-fs, a:id pu-
i!oth
(iultical to the proper and perpetual ufe
poitrnj Rogert*
rity.
an end. I!:i,til>ra!.
My days to appn,-'ii:jar ot fomc religious houfe, or dean and 6. It has cf before the objeft, when it fig-
APPRO'PRI ABLE. adj. [from appropriate.] or college ; becaul'e, nifies to be pleajcj, but may be ufed with-
That which may be appropriated that ;
chapter, bilhoprick,
I
as perfons ordinarily have no right of out a prepofuion ; as, approve your
which may be retrained to fomething letter, or, of your letter.
fee fimplc, thefe, by reafon of their per-
r.wed you a piece uf black and white (tuff,
are accounted owners of the fee
1
particular.
This conceit, applied unto the original of man, petuity,
juft fent from
the dyer; w ich you wc:e
ar. j ih; bcjinnulg f trie w.rU, is more juftly ap.
and therefore are called pro- cuflomer for.
limple ajpr've of, an ! be my
; 1 1
K-.uift.

fripriatle
untj its end. Snivn's l^utfar Ernun.
prietors.
To an appropriation, after the APPRO'VEMENT. n.f. [from approve.]
To APPRO'PRI ATE. <v. a. [apprnprier, licence obtained of the king in chan- liking.
Approbation ;
of the diocefan, pa-
Fr. approprio, low Lat.] cery, the confent It is certain that at the firft you sv.r all of my :

I did nothing withou" \<mr af.

i. To confign to fome particular ufe or tron, and incumbent, arc neccflary, if n, and tint
i'arj,
the church be lull ; but if the church be prnmftt, A
jjcrfen. V&>
 APR APT
ER. n.f. [from In thefe figures the vert is gathered up before In Come ponds, aftcj far it by nature, they be-
them, like an aprcn, which you muft fuppofe filkd come pikes. Walton.
1. He
that approves. with fruits. AiJij'un. 2. To fit ; to qualify ; to difpofe ; to pre-
2. lie that makes trial.
Their difcip'.in^, A'PRON.B../ [in gunnery.] Apieceoflead pare.'
makv which covers the touch-hole of a great The king is
Now mingled with their courages, will melancholy,
Apted for any ill Dtnham's
known impiefiiojis. Sap<-y.
_gun. To A'PTATE. a. To
To their affryvers, they are people fuch A'PRON of a goofe. The fat ikin which ir.
[aptatttm, .Lat.]
As mend up >n the v/ori j. Eoakefpcen. covers the belly. make fit.

7. In our common Ir.-.v, one that, confeffing To aptate a planet, is to ftrengthcn the planet
A'PRON-MAN.*./; [from apron and ;/?.] in pofition of houle and
dignities to the greateft
or accufeth
felony of himfelf, appealeth man that wears an apron
.4 a work-
;
advantage, in order to bring about the defired rod.
another, one or more, to be guilty of the man ; a manual artificer. Bailfj.
fame and he is called fo, becaufe he
: You have made good work, A'PTITUDE. a. f.
[French.]
mull prove what he hath alleged in Iris You and your apron-men, that Hood fo much 1. Fitncfs.
Cpixell. Upon the vo:ce of occupation, and This evinces its perfect aftitui'.a and fitnefs for
appeal. The breath of garlick eaters. Shnkefpearf. the end to vvlvch it was aimed, the
API'RO'XIMATE, [from ad, to, and planting and
adj. A'PRONED. adj. [from afrtn,] Wearing nourishing all true virtue among men.
prcximus, near, Lat.] Near to.
an apron.
ive a Pecay of Piny.
quick conveifton, containing The cobi^r apnr'd, and 2.
the parfon gown'd. Tendency.
unto animation.
aptroxhrare diipcfitions In an abortion, the mother, befides the fruftra-
i> ,~.ur. i .'ulgar Errours. Pope.
A' PS IS. n.f. tinn ot her hopes, acquires- an
aftirude to mifcarry
APPROXIM A'T ION. n.f. [from approxi- apfides, plural. [i^Ic.]
C>r the future.
Is applied, in
aitronomy, to two points in the 0eey of Picy.
mate.} orbits of planets, in which
thi-y are at the greateft 3. Difpofition.
1. Approach to any thing. and the leaft diliance from the fun or earth. The He that is about children, fhould ftudy their n.i-
L'nto the latitude of Capiicorn, or the winter a
apfn is more particularly denominated a. tures and apt:tudc: tvi\M turns they ealily talc*-, nd
f>'rtice, it hai been a fpring; fr.r, unto that pofition, phclion, or apogee ; the lower, perihelion, or pe- what becomes them; what their native funk is,
it had beer, in a miuule point, and that of afcent rigee. Cbambin. and what it is fit for. Locke.
or appt :.xirr.dt::r. Brsivn'i Vulgar Erro'jrs. If bodies revolve in orbits that are
pietty near A'PTLY. adv. [fromaff.]
The fiery region gains upon
the inferi.iur ele- circles, and the efftda of thcfe orbits be fixed,
ments ;
a neceffory confecjue.it of the furl's gradual then the c .'ntripecal forces of thofc bodies will be
1.
Properly; with jull connexion, or cor-
aj j
a.-ds t'ne earth.
'
reci procally as the fquares of the diftances.
Ctyac.
refpondence ; fitly.
APT. That part
Itjic's
Origin of Mankind. adj. [aftu,, Lat.]
Qu.ijrupeds are better placed according ta the
Was aptly fitted, and naturally performed.
1. Fit.
degrees of their a]fi oxlmati'.n to the human lhapc. This fo eminent induftry in
Shakcfpcare,
Crew's making But what the mafs nutritious docs divide ?
Muff am. more of that lex than of the other, groweth
profelytes,
;
for What makes them aftiy to the limbs adhere,
2. In fcience, a continual approach nearer th.it
they are deomed after to ferve as inftruments In youth increafethem, and in age repair ?
in The caufe.
Hill, and nearer, to the quantity fought, After they are through the eagernefb Blarkmore,
ot their atfec~lion ;
after through a natural incli-
though perhaps without a poflibility of
nation unto piety;
z.
Juftly ;
pertinently.
after through fundry opportu-
ever arriving at it
exactly. nities, &c. Finally, after through a lingulardelight
very aptly remarks, that thofe nations,
IICM.-L'US
who were not pofieft of the golpds, bad the fame
APTU'LSE. n.f. [afful/ui, Lat.] The aft which they take in giving very large and particular
accounts of our Saviour, wiiich are in the Evan-
of ftriking againll any thing. intelligence how all near ubout them (land att'efteii
as concerning the fame caul''-. gelifts. AJdijan. ,

An hecTic fever the innate heat kindled into a

is Hooker.
he learned his
z. a tendency to 3. Readily ; -acutely ; as,
deftruclivc fire, through the apfti'fe of faline ftcam'. Having ; liable to.
bufinels very aptly.
llar-Viy. Things natural, as long as they keep thofe forms
In vowels, the pafTage of the mouth is open and which give them their being, cannot
poflibly be apt
A'PTNESS. n'.f. [from apt.~\
without any appulje of an organ of fpeech to or inclinable to do otherwife than Fitnefs fuitablenefs.
free, they do. linker. i .
;
another : but, in all confonants, there is an afpulft My vines and peaches on
my beft fouth wails The nature of every law muft be judged of by
of the organs. Ut.ld< were apt to have a foot or fmuttinefs theii the of things therein prefcribcd, unto tha
,-.
upon aptr.tjt
liavcs and fruits. fame end.
To A'PRICATE. v. n. [apricsr, Lat.] To Ttirple Hotter.
3. Inclined to; led to difpofed to. '1'here arc antecedent and independent
bafk in the fun. Di3. You may make
;

in things ; wSth refpcft to which, they are fit ta

aptnef/fs
hrr ym, lo\c Le^cve it; which. .

APRI'CITY. ./ [apricitai, Lat.] Warmth I warrant, ihe be commanded or forbidden. Norm's Mij'ccll.
is
apler t > do, lii.in confefs ihe cioei.
of the fun; fun-(hine. Diet.
Sbjktff tart's As you Hkt it. 2.
Pifpofjlion to any thing; of perfoaa.
A'PRICOT, or A'PP.ICOCK. n, /. Men are
apt to think well of themfelves, and The nobles receive fo to heart the banilhmcnt
[from
aprlfus, Lat. funny.] A kind of wall- of their nation, of their courage and
ftrcngth. of that worthy Coriojanus, that they are in a ripe
fruit. Tcmfk. iif'fr.i'h
to tak powr-r from the people, Sbakfjp*
: '.II

One, who has not tliefc lights, is a ftranger to

Quicknt-fs 'of apprehenfioa readincf*
A'PRIL. n.f. [Aprilis.'LAt. A-vril, Fr.] wliat he reads, and
3. ;
aft to put a wrong interpreta- to learn.
The fourth month of the year, January tion upon it.
Ad'li]',
Ev-n thole who arc near tl.e court, are apt to What i.'i.. ulj be the
,iptn-fi
of t>irds, in comp-
counted firft.
rifon o/beafi")i, to imitate ijieech,
'
may be enquired,
April is rerrefentc'! by a young man in green,
t
wrong confequences, by rcafoniug upon the '

motives of actions. .icoe.

with a garlan.l of m)r'le and hawthorn buds; in Swift.
one hand primrofes and violets, in the other the fign What we
have always feen to Le done in oi.e 4. Tendency; of things.
Taurus. Pejtcbam on Drawing. manner, we are apt to irrugine then: was but thar Some feeds of goodncis give hima relirtj of fuch

Men are April wlvn they woo, December when x one way. reflections, as have an ::ffti:Js
to improve the mini'..
Betulej.
they wed :
"ijy when they arc maids, 4. Ready ; quick :
af, an apt wit.
but the fky chat: L . aie wives. 1 have a ln-?rt as little
aft as
AP'TOTE. n.f. [of a. and ^5-15.] A noun
: At y f'it likt it. B.'t yet a brain that leads
my ufe 01 anger which is not declined wifh cafes.
To letter vantage. word fignifying A
A'pr. ON', n.f. [A word of uncertain ety- SLakrfpeare. A'QUA.n.f. [Latin.]
5. Qualified for. ivatcr, very much ufed in chymical wri-
mology, but iuppofed by foie to be Thefc brothers had a whil fcrved the king
.contracted from a fare one.] A cloth in war, whereunto they were tings.
hung only apt. U~. y.
before, to .keep the other drefs clean. All chat wsrc ftiong and
apt fat war, even them AQUAFORTIS. [Latin.] corrofive li- A
Give us gold, f ,o<l Timon had thc.u more ? :
the kieg of Babylon bought'
captive to Bah-. in. I
quor, made by diililling purified nitre
Hold u; .
. with calcined vitriol, or rtftificd oil of
mour.tant. -fritare. To APT. T/. a.
[apto, Lat.] vitriol in a Ibxmg heat the liquor, which. :

'I
hcnoi,ii'.ty ti:
;

i . To fuit ; to adapt. rifes in funi red as blood, being col-

We nci:d a man tlut knows the fevcral
How - graces lected, is the ipirit of nitre, or aquafortis ;
might we f F ilflarT, and not ourlchet be Of hilrory, and how to apt their placet;
fern ?. Hut on tv.d If ,rJi.-r jerkins and Where brevity, where fplendour, and where height, which ferves as a menftruum for diflblv-
afnitt,
.it
upon him a: lu, table as dr.. Where fwectncfe it required, and wiicre weight. ing of filver, and all other metals, ex.
tptart. Ben jferyin. cept gold. But if ica fait, or fal am-
O 3,
mouiuciy
 A R B A R B
Lat. from The ordiniry revenue of a parfonage is In ln<f,
moniack, be added to aqua fortis, it .
adj. [ajuiliniu, called the glebe ; in rythe, a fet part of our goods
commences aqua rtgia, and will then tt/juila,
an eagle.] Kefembling an eagle ;
rende.eJ to God ; in other offerings beftowcd upon
Chambers. when applied to the nofe,
hooked. God by the people, cither in fuch arbitrable pro-
dilfolve no metal but gold.
His nofe was his eyes were blue, own devotion r , or at
The diflolving of filvcr in aqua fartit, and gold aquiline, portion as thtir
hii lips, and fair his hue. Dryd".
and freft the laws or cuftoms of particular plae
in aqua regia, and not viuvtrjd, would not bedir- Ruddy
liryps fignifies forne
kind of eag'e or vulture; them.
ficuit to kn iw.
from whence the epithet gryfui for an hooked or ARBI'TRAMENT. [from arbstror,
AQUA MARINA, of the Italian lapidaries, :

aqui i*e nofe.

Br"wn. /.
determination ; choice.
Will
.

is of a fea or bluifh green. This ftone Lat.] ;

AQJJO'SE. adj. [from aqua, Lat.] Watery

;
feems to me to be the beryllus of Pliny! This ihould be written arbitremcnt.
Did.
having the qualities of
' water. Stand fad to fUnd or
Woodward. !
fall,
Wateri- Free in thine own arbitrament it (lands ;
MIRABILIS. [Latin.] The won AQJJO'SITY. ./. [from ajua/e.]
AQUA nefs. Di&. Perfect within, no outward aid require,
derful water, is prepared of cloves, And all temptation to tranfgrefs rcprl.
A. R. anno rtgni ; that is, the year of the
galangals, cubebs, mace, cardomums, ARBITRARILY, ad-v. [from arbitrary.}
of wine, as, A. R. G. R. 20. Anno rtgni
:

nutmegs, ginger, and fpirit

reign With no other rule thin the will ; de-
vigefimo,
in the twentieth
dieefted twenty-four hours, then diftilled. Georgii regis
of king George. fpotically ; abfolutely.
JWA REGIA, or AS}UA REGALIS. year of the reign He governed arbitrarily,
he was expelled, and

An acid water, fo called be- A'RABLE. adj. [tromaro, Lat. to plough.] came to thedcfcrved end of all tyrants. Drydtr.
[Latin.] Fit for the plough ; fit for tillage ; pro
caufe it diflblves gold, the king of me- ARBITRA'RIOUS. adj. [from arbitranus.\
duflive of corn. on the will.
tals. Its eflential ingredient is common, Lat.] 'Arbitrary; depending
His eyes he opcn'd, and beheld a field,
Thefe are ftanding anJ me. caiable truths, fuch
fea fait, the only fait which will operate Part arable, and tilth ; whereon were (heaves as have no precarious exiftence, or arb.t r:.^s de-
on gold. It is prepared by mixing
com- New Milton. will or understanding whatfo-
rcap'd. pendence upon any
mon fea fait, or fal ammoniack,_ or the 'Tis good for arable, a glebe that aiks

of nitre, or Tojgh teams of oxen, and laborious talks. '

fpirit of them, with fpirit

Drydtn.
ARB I TRA R i o u s t. Y. ad-v. [ from
arbilra-
Chambers.
common aqua fortis.
Having but very little arable land, they
are forced
rious.] Arbitrarily ; according to mere
He adds to his complex idea of gold, that of to fetch all their corn from foreign countries. will and pleafure.
fixrdnefs or folubility in aqua regia. lull.
Addifon. Where woids are impofed arkltrarwfj, diftorted
AS>UA-yiTjE, [Latin.] commonly It is
ARACHNOI'DES. a from their common ule, the mind muft be It
n.f. [from s *x"!>
underftood of what is otherwife called into mil'prifioo. Glamii'de.
fpider, and form.]
i',S-,
A'RBITRARY.
brandy, or fpirit of wine, either fimple 1. One of the tunicks of the eye, fo called [arbitrarius, Lat.]
adj.
or prepared with aromaticks. But feme Defpotick abfolute ; bound by no law?
from its refemblance to a cobweb.
1 . ;

to what is following the will

without reftraint. It
appropriate the term brandy As to the tunicks of the eye, many things
is applied both to perfons and things.
procured from wine,
or the grape ; aqua- the prodigious finenels
might be taken notice of ;

to that drawn after the lame of the aracbntides, the acute fenle of the retina. In vain the Tyrian queen refigns her life
*vit,s,
Chambers. Dtrbam. For the challe glory of a virtuous wife,
manner from malt. If lying bards may falfe amours rehearfe,
\ will rather truft a Fleming with my butter, an 2. It is alfo a fine thin tranfparent mem-
dura And blaft her name with arbitrary verfe. Waljb.
Irishman with my aqua -vita bottle, or a thief tr> brane, which, lying between the Their regal tyrants (hall with biufljes bide
walk with my ambling gelding, than my wife
and the pia mater, is fuppofed to inveft Their little lufts of arbitrary priae,
with herfelf. Sbaktfpcart.
from the whole fubftance of the brain. N ir bear to fee their vafl'als ty'd. Prior.
AO^UA'TICK. [ajuatifus, Lat.
adj. Chambers. 2. Depending on no rule ; w'.iat
capricious.
It may be perceived, with infecurity we
[French.] A
aqua, water.] ARAI'GNEE. term in
That which inhabits the water. n.f.
depending on the
1 . afcribc clrefts natural period
which fometimes denotes a
of tims, unto arbitrary calculations, and fueh
in animals, as fortification, as
The vaft variety of worms found
well tcrrelhial as ajaatick, are taken into tlieir branch, return, or gallery of a mine. vary at pleafure.
Bnian's fulgar Emurs.
bodiesby meats and drinks. Say vn the Creation. DiS, To A'RBITRATE. -v. a. [artitror, La:.]
be confidered as 'either aerial, ter- a
[from aranea, Xat.
Brutes may ARA'NEOUS. adj. 1. To to determine.
decide
Aquatick are
;
reftrial, tquat'xk, or amphibious.
cobweb.] Reiembling a cobweb. This might have bc:n prevented, and made
thofe whofe conftant abode is upon the water. Lackt.
which grows The curious arantous membrane of the eye con- wh
2. Applied to plants, that ftringcth and dilateth it, and fo varieth its focus. With very cafy arguments of love,
in the water. Derbam. Which now the manage of tw.i kingdoms mu!t
arc belt deftroyed
Flags, and fuch like aquaticki, The aft or With fearful bloody iiuie arbitrate. Utatefffare.
M:rtier's HufinJry. ARA'TION. n.f. [aratio, Lat.]
by drainirg.
That of ploughing. 2. To judge of.
A'IJUATILE. adj. [ayttafilis, Lat.] practice Yet wnerc an equal poife of hope and fear
RA'TORY.*^'. [from am, Lat. plough.] to
which inhabits the water. Does arbitrate th' event, my nature is
We behold many mill'nns of the aquatile or That which contributes to tillage. Dift. That 1 incline to h;>pe, racher than fear. MiAw.
water frog in ditches and ftanding plalhes. A'RBALIST. n.f. [from areas, a bow, and To A'RBITRATE. v. n. To give judg-
Bwvn's Vulgar Emurs an engine to throw ftanes.] A ment.
A'O^UEDUCT. n.f. [ajurttiufiits, Lat.] A lalifta,
crofs-bow. the fever.il reports ol r.le,
water
1- did arkitrttt uin
conveyance nrade for carrying by William Brito,
It is reported that the arcu-
not like a tirowfy judge, only hearing,
but alfo
from one place to another ; made on the French S <"" b '
balKU, or arbalft, was firft (hewed to directing their verdict.
who was fnortly atte,
uneven ground, to preferve the level o by our king Richard the fiift,
CatUt*. ARBITRARINESS, n.f. [from arbitrary.]
the water, and convey it by a canal
fl \:n
by a quarrel then- .'.'.

Defpoticalnefs ; tyranny.
Some aqueiti.ls are under ground, ant A'RBITER. [Lat.]
n.f. tint by harAncfs of na.urr, and art!lreri*tfi
He
A judge appointed by the parties, to of commands, ufes his children
like fctvants, *
others above ii fupported by arches. .

whoie determination they voluntarily wh.it they mean by a tyrant. TtmfUt

Among the remains of old Rome, thr grandeu
of -the commonwealth (hews itfelf ch.efiy ir. tern
fubmit. AR B ii T R'A'T o N.
n.f. [from
arbitror, Lat.]
and bridges of th He would put himfelf into the king's hand?, The determination of a caufe by a judge
plrs,
tity.
highways,
" aqucdufli, walls,
M and make him Arbiter of the peace. Btc.-.r..
^
mutually agreed on by
the panics con-
Hither the rills of water arc convey'd of decifion or
z. One who has the power
In curious atjuedufis, by nature I, lid tending.
To carry all the hum.mr. Blaebmor regulation ; a judge. ARBITRATOR, n.f. [from arbitrate.]
Next him, high arbiter, between
A'Q^UEOUS. adj. [from aqua, water,
Lat. i. An
extraordinary judge party
Chance governs all. con-
Watery. feoni t n id party, chofen by their mutual
force
His majefty, in this great conjuncture,
The vehement fire requifite to its fufion, be generally allowe ! for the folc trtiltr of the at- ic tu.
away all the aqutaus and fugitive muiilure. K- or
hirt f Cbftendom. a good fold'ier, upngbt_tru(l,
Ray cw tie Creat'n
Lat. A flr.'':"
i

jr"r from ccrru M m irt-.'. _ -j

Lat A'RBITRABLE. adj. [from nrbitror,

i (

A'QJJF.OUSNESS. .
/ \uqu'Jltai, will. z. A goveruor a prefidcnt.
depending upon the
;

Waterifhnefs. Arbitrary ; T houjh

 A R B A R C
Though heav'n be- fliut,
ARC
AnJ heav'p'- h ^h arbitrator fit fecure ARBOUR TINE. n.f. A fpecies of bind- gained, by being frequently applied ;*
In his own ftien-jth, this
place may be expos'd. ^weed ; which fee.
the boy moft remarkable forhii
Milts*. A'RBUSCLE. n.f. [artufcula, Lat.l
piiiu^.si
He that has the little ftirub. f Any as, the arch rogue ; unleis it be derived,
3 .
power of prefcribing to jj iCf from Archy, the name of the jeiler to
others without limit or controul. A'RBUTE. n.f. [arlutus, Lat.]
An thcr Blenheim or Rarniilies will make the Charles I.
Arbutc, or lira* berry- tree, grows common in
confederates mailers or' their own Ireland. It is difficult to be railed Eugcnio fet out from the unive fry be had
terms, and ar- from the- leeds the reputation of an arcb lad at fchool.
j

tf raft: j of a but may be propagated

peace. jfddifai ,n tbt Slate -ftbe War. by layers. It grows to a Stv'ift.
The determiner ; he that goodly tree, endures our climate, unlels the wea- ARCH, in
ccrmpofition, fignifies chief, or
I,.
puts an end ther be very fevere, and makes of the firft clafsor *(%!.] ;
to any affair. beautiful hedges. [from f%-,
A' as,
But now the arbitrator of D , . i-:-fimer's
Hufbantlry. archa.gel, is
archlijhop.
pro- It
defpa'rs, Kough arbutc (lips into a hazel bough nounced variously with regard to the ct,
Juft death, kind umpire of man's m:fe ie?, Arc oft ingrafted and good
With fweet enlargement doth difmifs me hence. Out of a
;
apples g,ow which before a confonant found as in
piair, tree flock. May s Vl -/.

The end crowns

t^it,ffcarc- ARC. .J. [areas, Lat.]
cheefe, as archdeacon ; before a vowel;

And that o!i ommon arbitrator, time,

all ;
1. A fegmejit ; a part of a circle; not
like k, as
archangel.
- da / end " more thart a femicircle. ARCHA'KGEL. n.f. [archangelus, Lat.].
Sbrtefptar,.
ARBI'TREMENT. a. /.
Their fegments, or arcs, for the moft One of the- higheft order of angels.
[from arbitror, part, ex-
ceeded not the third His form had yet not
pa, t of a circle. loft
Lat.] All its
A'twtcn's Micks. original b.-ightnefs, nor appcar'd.
1. Decifion determination.
; 2. An arch. l-efs than archangel ruin'd, and the excefs
Ifc:
:.inicJagainft you, ever. Loaj ion.e vain church with old Of glory obfcur'd.
theatrick ftate, Milton,
t-. i mortal erkitrcmtnt but nothing of the 'Tis lure th'
>" "- ;

Sbatfaar,.
cir urn arcs of
i

ARCA'DE. n. f.
triumph to a garden-ga'c. Pop'
A
arcbangr/'s trump I hear,
Nature's great pa/ling-
bell, the only call
We of the offending fije [French.] continued' >f God's that will be heard
M .> keep al .of from drift arbhrsmtr.t. arch ; a walk arched over.
ARCHA NGEL.
by all. Ncrrit.

Aid was gr jnte.i, and the

Sbjkiff. Or call the winds n.f. \lamium, Lat.] The
quarrel brought to the through long arcadu to roar. name of a
t" the cr.tch co!,: at a Venetian plant, called allb Dead nettle.
fword.
Hay-ward. Prou^fj do,,r. p tff
JRCsi NUM. n.f. in the ARCHANGE'LICK. adj. [from archangel.}
2. Compromife. plural arcana. A
Lukewarm think they Latin word,
fignifying a fecret
Belonging to archangels.
may accommo-
pr-rl-ns
is ce
of religion by middle
ways, and >. ittv
ARCH. f. [am, Lat.]
n:
For
and the
is'd,
arcbangelick pow'r prepar'd
reconcilements ; as if (wife defccnt with him the cohort bright
they would make an arhi- Part of a circle, not more ;
I
setween Gad and man.
.
than the Of watchful cherubim. Mlton..
Bacon. half.
A'RBORARV. ARCHBK'ACON. n.f. [from arch and bed-
adj. [artcrarius, Lat.] Be- The mind
con.] The chief place of profpecl, or of
perceives, that an arcb of a circle is
^
longing to a tree. j) lfl lefs th;m the whole,circle, as
clearly as it does th"
A'RBORET. n. /.
{arbor, Lat. a tree.] A idea of a circle.. fignal.
2. A You (hall win the top of the Cornifli arcbkctcurf
(hull tree or fhrub. building open below and clofed
Noari-wvt w Hjinborough, which may for profpefl compaie
:

th painted bloiToms
dreft,
above, iknding by the form of its own with Rama in Paleftina.
And Car,-w.
fmelling f.vect, but there it might be curve, ufed for bridges and other work;.
To bud out fair, and her Iweet fmeJls throw
found, ARCHBI'SHOP. [from arcb and hi-
n.f.
Ne'er through an arch lo hurried the
all
blown tide A bilhop of the firlt clafs, who-
arour' d -
T Fairy
Nowhid, nowfeen,
Kn ^ .
As the recomtorted
Let Rome in Tiber
through the gates. SMrfp
Jhop.}
Superintends the condud. of other bifhops
melt, and the wide ard,
Among thick woven arbmtt, and flow'rs Of the rais'd
empire fall here
his
fuffragans,
Imbroider'd on each bank.
! is
my fpace.
Cra.imer
Miltcn is return'd with welcome,
.. Sbakifpeare.
ARBO'REOUS. The royal fquadron marches, Inftall'd lord
arcbbijbop of Canterbury.
a.-fj. [arlareui, Lat.] Siaieff.
Ereft triumphal anbn. D ryjea 1 he
archhijbof was the known architeiil of this
'
1.
Belonging to trees ;
coniHtuting a tree. s Albi n.
new
A g.-am if .nufUrd bee .rr.rs ,;,
'
3. The ilcy, or vault of heaven. fabiick. Cfarcr.J'r
2. A term in
botany, to dirtinguifh fuch
Hath nature given them
eyes ARCHBI'SHOPRICK. n. f. [from arch-
fee this vaulted arcb, and the lien
funguies or moffes as grow upon trees,
)

cope bijhip.} The ftate or juriididion of an.

0,feaanJland?
from thofe that grow on the Sbak^are. arcbbifhop.
ground. 4- From fox*.] A chief: obfolete. 'Tis the cardinal
''' The
noble duke, And
;

They f, ei ,k
who imkc
ray mafter, merely to reveng-! him oh the emperor,
properly, it i 7^ My worthy arcb and patron comes to-night. For no: bellowing on him, at his
OOtftmCC,
The arcbbijhifrick of Toledo, this afking,
r-r r.-.rhf r ,

'> tr-e
,
., , ;f
itf-lf
f
to
.

ARCH. -v.a. \_arcuo,

ebakejpcare. is
purpos'd.
cannot ..-, /-u /.. Lat.]
allin.al.ite.
^^^ 1 . To build arches. ,, .

I his excellent
mnn, from the time of his pro-
Sbakcfpcarf.
A'RBORisr. n.f. [/#,. Fr. from r The
nationi of the field and wood motion to the
arcblifiofrick, underwent the envy
tor, a tree ] A naturalilt who ma^e !wld on the wave, or arcb beneath
the fand. Pat,,.
and malice of men who
agreed in nothing elfe.
trees his
(huly.
2. lo cover with arches. .

The nature of rhe Gates or monarchs ARCHCHA'NTER.

muiberry, which the artorif n.f. [from arch and
ftrve n
ne !or. ;, n th:- ;
begetting his buds ;
Are anfdfa
high, that giants The chief chanter.
l.c co i fefofU
may get through. chanter.'}
being pall, hr (hoot, them oil ou
ln
/fcaWi The proud river which makes her bed
ARCHDEACON, n.f. [archi<iiaconus,'LM.~\
;-,, tthe One
A REOROUS. .-. [from <j r <5ar, Lat.1 Be
ect, is arcUd over with fuch a cumus
pile o
that fupplies the
bifhop's place and
ftoncs, that confideping the office in luch matters- as do
longing to a tret. rapid courfe of tl, to
deep ftream that roars under it, it belong
may well take the The law ftyles
nder /naHy arbtnm roof epilcopal funclion.
am,.ng the wonders of the world. //,.,
orth were co.ne to
open fight To him the biftiop's vicar, or
0, day-ff r,n f an,l the f,. 3. form into arches. vicegerent.
,
rtJ ,, Fine devices of
A R BO v R . W
./ [from arbor, a tree. ] A id
arcling water without fpillini;
making
in icveral forms of
)t rife
f.eft
Jljlijfes
neeligence might fgilt in ..imfes, an arch-
Parergon.
feathers deaien was appointed to takeaccount of
bower ; a place covered with nd
dnoking-glaflia, be pretty things to look n their doings.
H reea b
,

of trees. nothing to health and fweetncl . Careio's

Bam.
.

Suri;y.
v.
1
.en. adj. [from
a^-, chief.] ARCHDE'ACOHRY. n.f. [prthtdiaetnatus
!, where, in an
't.*ft)e-i f ip^ nof ,.
. Uiief ; or the firlt clafs. Lat.. The office or jurifdidlion of an
Stair It fan Tne tyrannous nnt] b a archdeacon.
jj aft is done
f'ur labour.: The mod arcb died of pitc n s ;
owuth fuljeclion to the
thou, where m.illacre,
It
of Can-,
re rr.oft
-

needs, whether to wind

1 hat ever
yet this land was guilty of. terbury, aa hath one only metropolitan arcbdtaronry.
f -"<! Statfff.
4.r thisorioBr, ordireft 'Ih'-rc :s
lj-n:r:g up Camu's Survey.
-where to cl,,, . An nererck, an a-cl, or.r, Crnnmer.
K nMn-d,,)', heat are clofer^^r, made, 2. VV;i
SLattff. IRCHDE'ACOITSHIP. n.f. [from arcb-
And ferfcA g gi!h ; mirthful; triflirigly milchic-
ev'ning air the op 'net giadc. D 4, vous. This deacon.] The office of an archdea-on.
fignification it fttms to have
ARCHDU'KE.B./ [arcbidux .Lat.] A title :

givon
 ARC ARC ARC
do3 Thr :u:
'-given to forae fovereign princes, as of
'1 in painting beft >v
r
\ iilria and Tufcany. Upon thy ancient arms, the gauJy heavenly bow. pg entcr'd, and t':if -tk f:-inc
prv -,
Ctvrty.
And f 'me th? tirft'itff? ; hi: hand wns known
anbttulu us' Aui*ii.i, during his
I'niiip '

rherUnib towania Sp-tin, %\a^ v.catlwr- A'RCHKI-COURT. n.f. [from archei arid In hesv'n, hy PMny a tow'icc ft.uih
Where fcepter'd ar.gcl* hcid their relidencc,
fcurt.~] The chief and moft ancient con
diiven into Weyinouth. Cariw't >-. -
And fat a< princes.
A*< : H nv'cii KSS. ;;.
[from arc fiftory that belongs to the archbifhop of
3. The contriver or
f. former of any com-
i/Htl'f/s.]
A title giv-;n to the filler or Canterbury, for the debating of fpi-
pound body.
daughter of the archduke <if Aullria, or ritual caufes, fo called from Bow-church
This i-.c->nv^nience the dnine architect of the
to the wife of an archduke of l'uica:iy. in London, where it is kept, whofe top obviatcJ. .Ijy uti tit Criati.n.
is raifci of ftone The contriver of any tiling.
AnOH-"PHir.o'opHER. i. /. [from arch pillars, built arch-iuife. 4..

.and pbrtycpber.} Cllief philofopher. The judge of this court is termed the An irrelitV

dean of the arches, or official of the C\\n! anbiteH and plotter or'tb'Te wjfs.
.'

JtUnotfApl ir, w';icl the

^trcb-j.biltycfbir a* of, that the cjiiefeli p;rfjn in arches-court : dean of the arches, bccaufe A CHITE'CTIVE. adj. [from archer.-?.']
P.

every houiebjld \\ i, >iwj\t> a> it w.r: a.king. with this office is commonly joined a That performs the work* of archite&nre.
H^lttr. How could the bodies of many of tliem, par-
peculiar jurifdiftion of thirteen parilhes ticularly the hft mer.tioned, be ti.rniihed with
Aii CH-PRE'LATE. n.f. [from arch and in London, termed a deanery,
being arcbinfl'.ve materials t Derb, Pb)ftca-Ti
f relate. ] Chiijf prelate. exempted from the authority of the bi- ARCH ITECTO'NKK. adj. [from a^-,
May we not w njcr, tii.it a man of St. pjfif
authority and quality, and arcb-frtlatt in the houfe fliop of London, and belonging to the chief, and an artificer.]
-rlx-u>, That
of Gjd, ihouU have his name Mr and wide c.tllid archbifnop of Canterbury ; of w'.iich which has the po-ver or (kill of an ar-
"in qucftion ? H<xker. the parifli of Bow is one. Some others chiteft ; that which can build or form
ARCH-PRE'SBVTER. n.f. [from arcl and fay, that he was firit called dean of the any thing.
frefkyler.] Chief prelbyter. arches, becaufe the official to the arch- To lay that fome mere fin* part of either, or
As all the hypoftatical principle, b the ircbiteA of
fimple deacons arc in abjection to prefl>y- bifhop, the dean of the arches, was his
I

this elaborate iiruaurc, i: tj g've eccafion to de-

teri, according tu Lhe canon law j lo are a'fo pref- fubititute in his court ; and by that
byci! and *rct-frtjlytcn in fubjertion tJ thsle mand what propirtion of the t.iu p
arcr d.acons.
means the names bacame confounded. this a>ct:tifl;iticlt I'pirit,-
and wi;at Jgcct n:
Ayl'iffei Parergon.
ARCH-PRI'EST. a. /. arcl; and The jurifdiftion of this judge is ordi- (killul and h 'p;~y
a mix lipfit.
[from
Chief nary, and extends through the whole ARCH I T E'C T U R E .
n.f. [arfbife<?iura,LiHi.]
fieft.} prieli.
The word dccanus was extended, to an ecc'efi- province of Canterbury : fo that, upon 1. The art or fcience of building.
divided into
aftical dignity, which included the arcb-frl-Jls. any appeal, he forthwith, and without jjrct'ncfiurc is civ':!
arcbittHart,
'
s called by way of eminence arcl'iteffurt
any further examination of the caufe,
\ military
Aylifl Parergon.
arcbittflurt, or fortification and naval *:
ARCH AIO'LOCY. n.f. [from a.^cu^-., an- fends out his citation to the party ap-
;

lure, which, brfidcs building of Ihips and .

cient, and ^-/&-, a difcourfe.] .A dif-

pealed, and his inhibition to the judge includes allo ports, moles, docks, fi?f. Cjuufttci j.
courfe on antiquity. from whom the appeal is made. CoweJL Our fathers next in arcbitcflurc (klil'd,
ARCH AIOLO'OI CK. adj. [from archaio- A'RCHETYPE. n. f. [archetypam, Lat.]
Cities for ufe, and forts for fafety build :
Then palaces and lofty domes arofe,
!ogv-] Relating to a dilcourfe on anti- The original of which any refemblance Thefc for devotion, and for pleafure thofe.
quity. is made. Blac\myrt<.
A'kCRAilM. n.f. An an- Our though they might have perceived
fouls,
The
[i^aiTf/o;.^
images themfelvcs by fimple ler.fe, yet it fcenis
2. effecl or performance of the fcience
cient phrafe, or mode of expreffion. of building.
inconceivable, how they mould apprehend their
1 fcil never ufe arcbaifms, like Miltm. Ifatn, The foimation of the earth being a piece
an itiyjjts. GlanmHe's Sceffa. firft
A'RC H E D. participial adj. [from To arcb.~\ As a man, a tree, are the outward objects of of divine anbit^ciirc, alcribcd to a particular pro-
Cent in the form of an arch. our perception, anJ the outward arcbetyfei or pat- vidence. Burnet'i Theory.
I fee how
thine eye \vou!d emulate the dia- terns of our ideas ; fo our fenfarions of hunger, A'RCHITRAVE. n.f. [from a.^, chief,
mond ;
thou hail the right arcbcd bent of the brow. cold, are alfo inward archetypes or patterns of our and trabs, Lat. a beam becaufe it is ;
ideas. But the notions or pictures of thcle things,
let the arched knift, as they a.e in the mind, are the idea. fuppofed toreprefent the principal beam
Weil Iharpen'd, now alliil the fpreading (hides tfatrii Logkt. in timber buildings.] That part of a
Of vegetables. ftHifs. ARCHE'TYPAL. column, or order of a column, which
Lat.]
adj. [archctypus,
^A'ncHER. n.f. [archer, Fr. from arcus, Original ; being a pattern from which
liesimmediately upon the capital, and
Lat. a bow.] Ha that fhoots with a copies are made.
is member of the entablature.
the loweft
'bo'A' .; he that carries a bow in battle. 'Ihrocjgh contempt iticn's opticks 1 have feen This member is different in the differ-
Draw, aribtr\, draw your arrows to the head. Him M'ho is fairer than the Ions of men : ent orders ; and, in building arch,t,-a-ce
The f-.urce of good, the light arcbttyfal. Ncrris.
Shtikcffcare, doors and windows, the workman fre-
This Cupid is no longer an arclfr his glory JRCHE'US. n.f. [probably from i^-.]
quently follows his own fancy.
j

be ours, for we arc the only love-gods.

The
fiiall
A word by which Paracelfus feems to architrave is fometimes called the rea-
ikeffurt,
have meant a power that preiides over
Thou frequent bring'ft the fmitten deer ; fon piece, or mailer beam, in timber
:Tnr IVldoni, articrt lay, thy arrows err. Prior. the animal ceconomy, diftinft from the
rational foul.
buildings, as porticos, cloyfters, EsV. In
i'^CHERV. n.f. [from arcber.] chimaies it is called the mantle-piece ;
t The ufe of the bow.
.
ARCH i D i A'CON AL. adj. [from arcbidia- and over jambs of doors, and lintels of
conus, Lat. an archdeacon.] Belonging
Ammj the En|li&rti!!Ty,arry challengeth windows, hyperthyron. Builder's Diet.
ths pre-emin;ncc, as peculiar to our nation. to an archdeacon ; as, this offence i The materials bid over this piihr \\.
Camiien. liable to be cenfured in an arcbidiaconal wood ; i!ir.-.uv;h (he ligntnefs whereof the arrbl-
*. The aft of (hooting with the bow. vifitation. trawtaoU n^itfurler, nor the column itfvlf, ! i-ij
Flower of this purple dye, fo fub:l.intial. Wotton's Artb'.tiKurc*
ARCHIEPI'SCOPAL. adj. [from archiepifce-
Hi' i's
archery, Woftwaul a p impous front fpiecc
appe.ir'd,
Sink in apple f h:s ey ! pns, Lat. an archbishop.] Belonging to OnDorick p.
l.us ot rvhite nnrblc r:.ir\l,
an archbifkop as, Canterbury is an ar- -wn'd with an arcl-aravc of antique moiJ,
MiJf. Nigbt'l Drtfm. C'r
. ;
.rffc.irfs

. The art of an archer. c bifp ij'tepal fee ; the fuffragans are fub- And fculpluir lifing on the r.nijhc Ta jol.i. i'-'.e.
3
i

Taphimsfli-ill
le.ive '.!:-ir tjuire, jeft to arcljiepifcopnl jurildiftion. A'RCHIVES. n.f. ivrtbout ajingular. \r,r-
An) turn love's foldicrt upon thec, A'RCHITECT. n.f. [arcbiteSus, Lat.] cbitja, Lat.] The places where records
.x-rcifc their arcbtry. C'JJhaw'i StefstoTtmflc. 1. A
profeflbr of the art of building. or ancient writings are kept. It is per-
Say from what golden quivers jf the iky The arthirccl^. ^lory confifts in the dpfignmcnt
Do all thy wingJ ansnvs Hy ? and idea of the work ; his ambition fhould be to
haps fometimes ufed for the writings
ver by birtli a-c thine. themlelves.
make the firm triumph over the matter. JVitt'tit,
i bi-licve this archery to (liew, Though w<; think our words van'rli with the

1 :ui fa much c jil in colours tiiou 2. A contriver of a building ; a builder breath that utters them, j
ec they become records
in
 A R D ARE ARC
Jn Cod's court, and are laid up in his trcl'toa, as A'RDENT. adj. gardens, Lat. burning.] reafon of the high mountains that encompafs it,
witnelfes cither for or againft uj. 1. Hot looks like the area of fome vaft amphitheatre.
the Tongut.
;
burning ; fiery.
G'/vcrn.-xenf of
Chymifts obferve, that vegetables, as lavender,
jUffm,
I flia'.l now
only look a little into the Mc.uic In areas vary'd with Mofaick art,
what they furnifh us with up-
rue, marjoram, &c. diitilled before fermentation,
archives, to obfeive Some whiil the dilk, and fome the javTm dart.
yield oib without any burning fpirits j but, after
ciii this fubjec~t, ffevticarj. Popr.
fermentation, yield ardent fpirits without oil-j ;
A'RCHWISE. adv. [from arch and wife.] which (hews, that their oil is, by fermentation, To ARE'AD, or ARE'ED. <v. a. [arieban,
In the form of an arch. converted into
fpirit. AWrc/Tj Ofsicts. Sax. to counfel.] To advife ; to direct.
The court of arches, fo called ab arcvtita ccckjia, 2. Fierce ; vehement ; having the Knights and ladies gantle deeds,
appear-
cr f;om Bow-church, by r^afon of the iteeple or ance or quality of fire. Whofe praifes having flept in liience long,
clochier the;e"f. raised at tiie cop with ftone pil- Me, all too meane, the facrcd inuff arecds
A
knight of fwarthy face
lars, in faihion of a bow bent arctiuljt. To blazon broad. Fairy S^ueen,
High on a cole-black (teed purfucd the chace ;
jtjlijji't Parsrgnr.. With flashing flames his an'.tr.: eyes were fill'd. But mark what I areaA thee now avjnt, :

ARCI'TENENT. adj. \arcitir.cr.s, Lat.] Fly thither whence tluu tk-d'll! If from this hour
Drydcn. Within thcfe hallow' d limits thou appear,
Bow-bearing. Dicl. Paflionate affeftionate ufed
3. ; :
gene- Back to th' infernal pit 1
drag thee chain'd.
A R c T A'T ION. n.f. [ from arSa, to flraiten.]
rally of defire. Paradlji Lofl.
Straitening ; confinement to a nar- Another nymph with fatal pow'r may rife,
To damp the finking beams of Caeiii's eyes ;
AREFA'CTTON. n. f. \_arefacio, Lat. to
rower compafs.
V/ith haughty pride nny heat her charms confeft, dry.] The ftate of growing dry ; the
A'RCTICK. n.f. [from {x!-, the north- And fcorn the ardent vows that 1 have bleft. Prior. aft of
drying.
ern conltellation.] Northern ; lying un- From them, and their motions, principally pro-
A'RDENTLV. adv. [from ardent.} Eager-
der the Arftos, or bear. See A R TICK. ceed arefaiJiin, and moft of the efteSs of nature.
ly ;
affeftionatefy. Baccm.
Iiver-during fr.oas, perpetual ihades With
true zeal may our hearts be moft
Of dailtneJs woi -heir livid blood,
inflamed to our rcli^iun.
ardently To A'REFY. <u. a. [are/ado, Lat. to dry.]
Did not the arflick trail fpontaneous yield Sfiratr's Strtmm.
A'RDOUR. To dry ; to exhauft of moifture.
A cheering purple berry big with-wine. Philips. n.f. [ardor, Lat. heat.] Heat drieth bodies that do cafily expire, as
A'n CT c K Circle. The circle at which the 1. Ifcat.
parchment, leaves, roots, clay, &c. and fj doth.
i

northern frigid zone begins. Joy, like a ray of the fun, tefledls with a greater time or a^e arejj, as in the fame bodies, &c.
ardour and quicknefs, when it rebounds upon a
A'RCUATE. Bacon's Natural Hijloryi
adj. [arcuatus, Lat.] Bent in man from the brtaft of his friend. South.
the form of an arch. 2. Heat of
ARENA'CEOUS. adj. [arena, Lat. fand.J
affeftion ; as, love, defire,
The
caufe of the confufion in founds, and the Sandy ; having the qualities of fand.
inccm'jfion of fpccics vifibk, is, for that the courage. A piece of the itona of the fame mines, of a
The ddiers ihout around
I with gen'rous rage
worketh in right lines ; but founds, that
He prais'd their ardour, inly
j
yellowim brown colour, an arenaceous f.iablc fub-
pleas'd to fee
in obiique and arcuate lines, muft needs itance, and with fome white fpar mixed with it.
H;s hoft.
Drydcn.
encounter 'and d.iturb the one the other. IVosJluard on Fo/J'ils.
Unmov'd the mind of Ithacus remain'd,
Bacon i Natural Jiifi-jry.
And the v.;in ardours of our love rf ftrain'd.
ARENA'TION. n. f. [fiom arena, Lat.
In the gu'let, where it perforateth the midrilr", Pope.
the carneous fibres arc inflefted and arcuate. 3. The
perfon ardent or bright. This is fand.] Is ufed by fome phyficians for
a fort of dry bath, when the patient fits
Ray cr. rbc Crtr.tkr.. only ufed by Miltcn.
A'RCUATILE. Nor delay'd the winged faint, with his feec upon hot fand. Dift.
adj. [from arcuate.] Bent;
infleded. Dia.
After his charge recciv'd ; but from among ARENO'SE. adj. [from arena, Lat.] San-
Thnufand celeiiial ardours, where he flood
ARCUA'TION. n.f. [from arcuate.} Veil'd with his gorgeous wings,
dy; full of fand. Dili.
up-fpringing light, ARE'NULOUS.
1. The aft of bending any thing ; incur- Flew thro' the midlt of heav n. adj. [from arenula, LaC.
Paradij'e Left.
vation. ARDU'ITY. fand.] Full of fmall fand ;
gravelly.
n.f. [from arduous.'} Height;
The of being bent AREO'TICK. adj. [a ?-aionxa.] Attenuents,
2. ftate ; curvity, or difficult; f)j[i.
crookednefs. A'RDUOUS. applied to medicines that difTolve vilci-
adj. [art/Hits, Lat.]
of railing The method 1. hard to climb. dities, fo that the morbifick matter may
3. [In gardening.] Lofty ;

High on be carried off by fweat, or infenfible

by layers fuch trees as cannot be railed I'arnaflus' t->p her frms (he (how'd,

from feed, or that bear no feed, as the And pjinted out thofc arduous paths they trod. perfpiration. DiS.
elm, lime, alder, willow ; and is fo P'jfe. ARETO'LOCY. n. f. [from a^irti, virtue,
2. Difficult.
called from bending down to the ground and M-/U, to difcourfe.] That part of
It was a means to
bring him up in the fchool moral philofophy which treats of virtue,
the branches which fpring from the off- of arts and policy, and fo to fit him for that
its nature, and the means of
fets or ftools after they are planted. great and arduous employment that God defigned arriving at
Chambers. him to. South.
^it.
Dia.
A'RCUATURE. n.f. \_arcuatura,low Lat.] A'RDUOUSNESS. n. f. [from arduous.} A'RGAL. n.f. Hard lees flicking to the
The bending or curvature of an arch. Height ; difficulty.
fides of wine-veflels, more commonly
ARE. The third perfon plural of the pre- called tartar. Dift.
ARCUBA'LISTER. [from areas, a bow,
n.f.
fent tenfe of the verb to be ; as,
young A'RCENT. adj. [from argentum, Lat.
and talijla, an engine.] A crofsbow- men are ram, old are cautious. filver.]
man. ARE, or dlamirc. The lov/eft note but i. The white colour ufed in the coats of
King John was efp ed by a very good arcxlj-
:
one in Guido's fcale of mufick. gentlemen, knights, and baronets, fup-
'
lifler,
whj faid, that he w-juld foon difpatch the Gamut I am, the ground of all accord, pofed to be the reprefentation of that
truel tyrant. Cod fj;Lid, vile varlet, qimth tl:e Are to plead Hortenfin's
p:\fflon ; metal.
carl, tii >t we Should procure tlie c.ath of the
lu.ly
E mi llianca take him for thy lord,
Rinaldo flings
one o; Camjen's R,main;. C faut, that loves with allafFedtion.
SMefp. As i'-.vifc as fiery lightning kindled new,
ARD. [Saxon.] Signifies natural difpofi- A'REA. n.f. [Latin.] His argent eagle, with her filver wings
tion ; as, Gaddcird, is a divine
temper ; 1. The furface contained between any In !k-!d of azure, fair Erminia knew.
Fan-fax.
Reinard, a fincere temper ; GiJfarJ, a lines or boundaries. In an argent fldd, the god of v. .ir
bountiful and liberal difpofition ; B;r- The area of a triangle is found by knowing the Was drawn triumphant on his i.on car. Dryrlen.
z. Silver ;
nard, filial affection. height and the bafc. Watts's Logick. bright like filver.
Gihjin's Camilen. Thofe
A'R DENCY. 2. Any open furface, as, the floor of a argfnt JieMs more likely habitants,
n.f.[from ardint.~\ Ardour; Tranllatcd fuijit , or midtile
warmth of affeftion. room open part of a church ; the
; the fpi.-its, liolj,
eagernefs ; Betwixt th' angelica! and human kiii'l. Milton,
vacant part or flags of an amphitheatre. Or
Accepted ojr prayers \\ uiifi-i ':t!i alk of yur.d'r
argent fields above,
humility, ard ardir.ry, and pc. - ;,, far as An inclofed place, as lills, or a bowling- Why Jove's 1 atciiites arc lets than Jove. Pcfe.
concerns tiic end imined:
Hanna/ni'i Pratl. Ca;r
green, or grafs-plot. ARGENT A'TION. n.f. [ff<anargeafiii,Lut,
Jv:t us conceive area of goodly length,
a floor or
filver. Did.
T].r. ineffable h \- ,
Rcdee.nci with thv: breaii.h lomcwhat m-jre than hilt' the
filver.] Anovcrhyingwith
needs bring an incrfalu- .
, .ivm-n I'.'ijitucir. I'/ottun.
A'RGENTINE. aJj. [ar^entiii,}?!.] Sound-
ftiidte ta the an.:, cj -A our love for him. IS^it. '11.. Alban L!vi i; of an oval fiaure, and, by ing like filver. Diet.

A'KGIL,
 ARC A R I

A'* GIL. H. f. Potters Men re afhamed to be profelytes to a wr 1. of argument;

[argtH.i, Lat.] Confiftir.g containing
a fit fof't kind .of earth of which arfuir, as thinking they mult part with their
clay ; argument.
putation as well as their fin. Decay cf Piety. nis omifiion, confidering the bounds within
veflels are made. Neither good Chiiliuns nor good
'I

j>_.
which the argumentative part of my difcourle wj
AR n i L L A'C E o u s affj. .[from argil. ]
.
Clay- Atttrbltry.
confined, 1 could not avoid.
ey partaking of the nature^of argil ;
;
A'RGUMENT. [argumentum,Lat.]n.f. to kit Serr/Kr.1.
sittertury'i Pref.
conlilling of argil, or potters clay.
1. A reafon alleged for or againll any
Sometimes with
2. of, but rarely.
AR.UI'LL.OU. a.ij. [ from arg il. ] Confift- thing. Another thing argutr.et.tar.-- -e if providence, is
We fee, on our theatres, vice re-
fometrmes
jng of clay ^ clayilh ; containing clay. that pjppous plumage grcwir..; upon the
this rcdi-.efj fiom the land warded, at lealt unpunished ; yet it ought not to fome let-as, whereby they are wafted with the
.Hlbuqiierti'ic derivis
be an argument agaiiill the art.
and tirgilkus earth at the bc.tt >m. Dryden. wind, and dificminJted fir and wide. /;,:>.

Sfnvn 1
lr vlar En-ourj. When any thing is proved by as good argu-
:
3. Applied to perfons, ditputatious ; dif-
ments as that thing is capable of, fuppding it
A'RCOSY. [derived by Pope from
e. f. were J we ought not in reafon to make any doubt pofed to controversy.
Arga, the name of Jafon's (hip ; fup-
of the exiltence of that thing. 7 ../ //,> .-. A'RGUTE. adj. \arguio, Ital. arfK/aj, Lat.]
Our author's two great and only arguments to
pofed by others to be a veflel of Ruguju Subtle; witty; fharp.
1.
prove, that heirs are lorjs over their brethren.
or Ragofa, a Ragoxine, corrupted.] A Lockt.
2. Shrill.

large veflel for merchandize ; a carrack. 2. The fubjeftof any difcourfe or writing.
A'RIA. n.f. [Ital. in mufick.j An air,
Your mind U Mfiin; on the ocean ; That ihe who ev'n but now was your betl object, fong, or tune.
There where your argtfia with portly fail, Your praife's argument, balm, of y.-,ur age, A'RID. Lat. dry.]
Like figninrs and lich burghers on the flood,
adj< \arldus, Dry;
Dcarert and beft. Si:<ii,j'f. King Lear.
Do parched up.
ovcrpeer the petty traffickers. To the height of this great argunntit
Sbaktff. Mercbjut of feaice. I may affert eternal providence,
My complexion is become
my body aduft, and
arid, by viijting lands. and Pope* jJ:l-*tbnot
To A'RGUE. V. a. AnJ juilify the wa)s of God to man. Milton. His harden'd fingers deck the gautly tyring,
[argtio, Lat.J
Sad talk Without him luminer were an flrjVwafte. 'Ttsmf*
j. To reafon ; to offer reafons.
Not
yet argument !

but more heroick than the wrath

1 know y .ur maj- ys lov'd her Of item
lefi,
ARI'DITY. n.f. [from arid.]
Achilles. Millar.
So dear in heart, not to deny her what A much my \. Drynefs ; ficcity.
longer difcourfe
A woman of lofs place might afk by law ;
much
argument requires j
Salt taken in great quantities will reduce an ani-
your merciful difpofitions a Ihorter.
Scholar aliow'd freely to argae for her. mal body to the great extremity u{ aridity, or dry-
Spralt't Serrfions.
Sbaitff. H,n:y VIII. J.els. slriutlact t,n Alr.n'i.
Publick arguing oft ferves not cnly to exafpe- 3. The contents of any work fummed up
2. In the theological fenfe, a kind of in.
rate the mindt, but to whet the wits of he.e;kks. by way of abftraft.
The unc-
fenfibility in devotion, contrary to
Decay ofPie'y- argLtn<nt of the work, that i?, its prin-
An idea of motion, not pafTing on, would per- cipal action, the ceconomy and difpofition of it,
tion or tcndernels.
plex any one, who ihouU argue from fuch an ide.n. are the things which dilVmguilh copies from ori- Strike my foul with lively apprehenfions of thy
Licke. ginals. Dryilen. exceilcncies, to bear up my fpir t under the greateit

2. To 4. A controverfy.
ariditiesand dejections, with the delightful profpcct
perfuade by argument. of thy glories. AVm,
of poetical logick which I would
It i> a icrt
Thib day, argument upon a cafe,
in

make ufe of, to argue you into a protection 01 Some woids there grew 'twixt Somerfet and me. 4'RIES. n.f. [Lat.] The ram ; one of
this pl-iy. Conf/we'j Dcd. to Old Bachelor. St-tikcfpeare. the twelve figns of the zodiack ; the firft
An argumrr.t that fell out laft nighe, where
3. To difpute ; with the particles with or each of us leil in
praile of our country miftreffes.
vernal fign.
At ialt irom Anet rolls the bounteous fun,
agaiiift before the opponent, and againft Sbakefp. Cymbtl'me. And th^ bright Bull receives him.
before the thing oppofed. If the idea be not agreed on betwixi. the fpeakcr
and hearer, the argument is not about things, but To ARI'ETATE. i>. a.
Why do Chriftians, of feveral perfuafions, fo [arieto, Lat.]
fiercely argueagainft the falvability of each other ?
na:l: . Locke. 1. To butt like a ram.
Decay of Piety. 5.
It lus fometimes the particle to before 2. To itrike in imitation of the blows
He
that by often arguing again/I his own fenfc, the thing to be proved, but generally which rams give with their heads.
impifes faifchoods on others, is not far from be-
lieving hiiuf If. Locke. f:: ARIETA'TION. n.f. [from aridate.]
1 he beft moral argument to patience, in my
I do not fee how they can argue -with any one, 1. The aft of
opinion, is the advantage uf patience itlctf. butting like a ram.
without fetting down ftrift boundaries. 2. The aft of
battering with an engine
Locke.
IVIaJm,
70 A'RGUE. it. .a, This, befoie that revelation had enlightened railed a ram.
called
j. To .prove the world, was the very belt
argument ;r a future f The Itrength of the percuflion, wherein or
any thing by argum'ent. '

If toe wn -;d's and oeath be argutd well, (late.

jltscrbury . nance do exceed all arietarhns and ancient inven-
ige
By .he fan's fall, which now towards earth doth 6. [In aflronomy.] by which An arch tions. Bacon.
bend, ue fcek anotlier unknown arch, proper . The aft of ftriking or conflicting in ge-
Then we nii_;ht fear t^^t virtue, fince (he fell tional to the neral.
firft. Che..
So low as woman, (houlj be ni-ar her end. Donne.
ARGUME'NTAL. Now thofe heterogeneous atoms, by themfflves,
adj. [from a -gi meut.']
2. To debate any queilion ; as, to argue a to arg-.iment ;
hit fo exactly into their proper relidcnce, in the
Belonging reafoning. midft of futh tumultuary motions, and arUimi as
caufe. Affl,aeJ lUifc thou ki: dlj doft lei free,
of other pai tides. G/j-
3. Toprove, as an argument. Opprefs'd with arguncnttil ty.^nny,
So many iawi argue fo many fins And rouced reafon finds a lafe retreat in thce. ARIETTA, n.f. [Ital. in mufick.] Afliort
.
Among them how can God with fuch rcfide }
:
F'.J
f.
fong, or tune.
air,
MJ:i ARCU MENTA'TION. n.f. [from argu ARI'GHT. adv. [from a and right.]
It
o'gues diftcmpcr of the mind as well as of t:!.] Reafoning; the aft of reafonitig. 1. Rightly; without mental errour.
the b<*dy, w'nn a man is continually !'
rgumi '-.tcil'jn is t'.iat
operation of the uinn', ll.;\v him 1 l"v'd, and iove with all
my might;
ore fiJe o t'.c other. Stutb.
wh^ieby we n:crone propofition from
;
tvvo ->r more So thaUjjht 1 tkc of him, and think I t'u,<
Tliis argues a virtue and d'fy fitloi in thofe
lirior.s premifed. Or it is the d. awing a
right.
vir^ur :
conc'ufron, wa'ch ueturc was or doubt unknown, Thefc were thy thoughts, and thou could'it ju Ige
and difpofition of the chr, '.la . ftinvisa't
Of:uki ru', from Ionic kn,>wn and evi-
t^: ,,jrc t
arigl. ,

To dent; l> wi.i-:i we hue julged that mat: made

4. charge with, as a crime : with of.
nut think, and that ;i:e mind of man doth think,
Till intere'.t jaundice in thy fight.
a Dryrl.
] u 1 . :a .i.l ;
id ex- The morionsthe trn^ue a;e fo cafy, and fo
f

prciii
>n* of minr, wiii.
'

:
fu?rl ft
we c include, tb.it therefore the mini of mm i. f
fubtlc, tba you can hatdly conceive or diltini;ui| ra
not;:. .

them aright. H'Au. r ,

obfttn ty, [i iv.i.'cr.efs, or im:r. JJ'jm'tLzgick
m. 1
fp| .f- it is no ill
tnpick of arg umentatkit
t!i 2. Riglttly ; withsut crime.
t.i (h-.,- tlie
The a-dd-'.its air not th^ fam?, w.:ich p.evaieiK- i.I
c>inn-nipt, by ti:
A not their heart aright,
Xii,
generation that let
liaie argued him tf
i fcrvilc c -py'ng, a
t i i
peel. !,_

in.- mult bu mifculinc, fuil of cry. Pfj/mt.

ba.rennois of invention ; yet the
fa ne. m nrj:i , u th.it fulficiently \varm.
i
Drjdcx. 3. Rightly ; without failing of the end
frydcn'i Faoics.
M!i"ic cuurio of his
arguuun.ttun c -mt's
l'i t .

designed.
A'RCUER. n.f. ffrom argue.] A reaibner; jlddifcn. Gu.irdian of groves, and gaJdefi of the night,
& Uil^jter ; a coatrovertift. AR c u M E'N r A T i VE. adj. -[from argument.] Fair cjuecn, he faid, direct my dart ar gbi. Dryd,
ARIOL A'TION.
 A R I ARM ARM
ARI-OL-A'TION, or HARIOLA'TION. n.f ARI TH METI'CI AN. True confcious honour is to feel no fin ;
n-.
f. [from arithme-
He's arm'd without that's innocent within.
['.'arioliu, Lat. a foothfayer.] Soothfay- tick.] A mafter of the art of numbers.
To
Pcpe.
A man had need be a pood arilLmeticiatiy un-
2. plate with any thing that may ac 1
ing ; vaticination. to

The priefts of elder time deluded their appre- derftand this author's wjrlcs. His defcription runs ftrength.
hentions with ariclathn, foothfaying, and lucr on like a multirlicarion table. Addifcn.
Their wounded ftceds
ARi'THMETlCK, Yerk out their armed heels at their dead mnftors.
cl
-
ies. Brrwn n.f. [ C i^-, num-
ARIO'SO. n. f. [Ital. in mufick.] The ber, and peT^ta, to meafure.] The Sbakejprare*

movement of a wmmon 3. To furnifh ; to fit

up ; as, to arm a
air, long, or fcience of numbers ; the art of compu-
tune. Diil. loadftone, is to cafe it with iron.
tation.
You muft arm your hook, with the line in th:
To ARI'SE. f. a.
pret. arofe, particip.
On fair I could beat
ground fort)' of them ; infideofit. Walton's Angler.
But now odds beyond jritt-mctkk. Stak. Ccriol,
'tis
arifen. [from a and rife.'] Having wafted the callus, I lelt <-ft" ihole tents
The chriftian religion, according to the apof-
i. To mount upward as the fun. tles aritbmctick, h-th but thefe th:ec
and drcffed it with others aimed with digeftives.
He parts of it j m'i
rcfe, and, looking up, beheld the Ikies #"'//( Surgery*
fobriety, juftice, religion.
With purrle blufhing, and the day a ifi. Vry&n. ARK.
Taylor.
4. To provide ag.iinit.
To n.f. [area, Lat. a cheft.] His fervant, arrnd a^ainft fuch coverture,
z. get up as from fleep, or from reft. 1. A veffel to fwim upon the water,.ufu3lly
So Efdras aro/c up, and faid unto them, ye have Rep >rted unto all, that he was lure
tranfgrefted the law. I
Ejd. ix. 7. applied to that in which Noah was pre- A noble gentleman ot hi^h rega.d. Spmfir.
How long wilt thou deep, O fluggard ;
when ferved from the univerfal deluge. To ARM. . i To take arms ; to be fitted
wilt thju anft out of thy fleep ? Prov. vi. 9. Make thee an trrk of gopher wood ; rooms lhalt with arms.
3. To come into view, as from obfcurity. thou make in the ark, and Jhalt pitch it within and Think we king Harry ftrong;
There ihall arift falfe Chrifts and falfe prophets. without. Cinifis. And, princes, look you ftron^ly arm to m^et him.
Man. xxiv. The one juil man alive, by his command, Sbakejftare.
4. To revive from death. Shall build awond'rous art, as thou behelj'lt,
To fave himfelf and houfehold, from amidft
ARMADA, n f. [Span, a fleet of war.]
Thy dead men (hall live, together with my A world devote to un'.vt-rfal wreck. Afi/ton.
An armament for fea ; a fleet of war. Ic
body mall they arift
: awake and fing, ye that
The is often erroneoufly fpelt armada.
dw?il in dud. Ifa':ab, xxvi. 19 2. repofitory of the covenant of God
In the mid-earth feas was leit i:o road
all

5.
To proceed, or have its original.
with the Jews.
Wherein the pagan his bold head untwines,
This coffer was of wood, covered with
fliittim
They which were fcattered abroad upon the
Spread was the huge armada wide and broad,
plates or leaves of gold, being two cubits and a
perfecution that arofe about Stephen, trave'ied as From Venice, Genes, and towns which them con-
far as Phanice. Alit, id. 19. half in length, a cubit and a half wide, and a cu-
fines.
1 know not what mifchief may arlfe hereafter bit and a half hijh. It h/.d two rings of on Fairfax.
gold So by a roaring temped on the flood,
from the example of fuch an innovation. DryJtn.
each fide, through which the were put for
iravcs
A whole armada of collected fail ^
6. To enter upon a new ftation, to fucceed carrying it. Upon the top of it was a kind of gold Is fcatter'd and disjoin'd from
crown all around it, ir.d two cherubim were faf- fellow/hip. Sbaltf.
to power or office. At length, refulv'd t' aflert the wat'ry bail,
tened to the cover. It contained the two tables of
Another Mary then tnft, He whole armados bring:
in himfelf'did
(tone, written by the hand of Cod. Ca'.mtt.
And did rig'rous laws impoie. Him aged feamen might then ma/ler call,
ARM. n.f. [earim, eojim, Sax.] Ana chofe for general, were he not their king.
7. To commence hoftility. The limb which
1 . reaches from the hand
And when he arcft againft me, I caught him
by his beard, and fmote him. i Scm. xvii.
3:.
to the (houlder. ARMADTLLQ. ,,.f. [Spanifh.] fou'r- A
If I have lift up my hand againft the fatherlr fs, footed animal of Brafil, as big as a cat,
For the various fenfes of this word,
when 1 law my help in the gate, then let mine
fee RISE. with a fnout like a hog, a tail like a li-
arm fall from my (houlder-blade, and mine a'-m
ARISTO'CRACY. n.f. [<J ?li--, greateft, be broken from the bone. zard, and feet like a hedge-hog. He
"Job.
and xfctliu,
to govern.] That form of Like hclplefs friends, who view from (hoie is armed all over with hard fcales like
The lab'ring (hip, and bear the tempelt roar, armour, whence he takes his name, and
government which places the fupreme
the nobles, without a king,
in
So (lood they with their acrofs.arm Drydtn. retires under them like the tortoife. He
power 2. The bough of a tree.
and exclufively of the people. lives in holes, or in the water,
being
The trees fpreadout their arrr.i to fliade her face,
The arijlicracy of Venice hath admitted fo of the amphibious kind. His fcales are
But (he on elbow lean'd.
Sidr.fy.
many abufes through the degeneracy of the nobles, of a bony or cartilaginous fubftance, but
Where the tall oak his fpreading arms entwines,
that the period of its duration feems to approach.
And with the beech a mutual fiiad: combines. Cay. they are eafily pierced. This animal
Swift.
3. An
inlet of water from the fea. hides himfelf a third part of the year
ARISTOCRA'TICAL. \aJj. [from arlfto-
AR ISTOCRA'TICK. \cracy.~\ Relating to
Full in the centre of the facied wood, under ground. He feeds upon roots,
An arm arifcth of the Stygian fliod. Mn.
fugar-canes, fruits, and poultry. When
DryJ.
ariftocracy ; including a form of govern- We have yet fcen but an arm of this fea of
he is caught, he draws up his feet and
ment by the nobles. beauty. Norris.
Ockham diftinguilhes, that the papacy, or ec- head to his belly, and rolls himfelf
4. Power; might. In this fenfe is ufed up
in a ball, which the
clefiaflical monarchy, may be changed in an ex-
the fecular arm, &c. flrongeft hand can-
traordinary manner, fomc time, into an ar':Jto-
for not open ; and he muft be brought near
Curfcd be the man that truftcth in man, and
cratital fr>rm of government. Ayliffe. maketh fl-(h his aim, and whofe heart departcth the fire before he will fhew his nofe.
ARISTOCR A'TICALNESS. n.f. [from arif- from the Lord. 'jfer. xvii. 5. His fiejh is white, fat, tender, and more
An ariftocratical ftate. Difl.
tocraiical.] O God, thy arm was here !

delicate than that of a fucking pig.

ARI'THMANCY. n.f. [from a^iS^o?, num- And not to us, but to thy arm alone,
Afcribe we V. y revaue,
ber, and /xamia, divination.] fore- A all.
Siat,ff. Hen.
A'RMAMEHT.
telling future events by numbers. Difi. ARM'S EH D. n.f. phrafe taken A from
n. f.
\_armamentum, Lat.]
A force equipped for war ; generally
A R i T H M E'T i c A L adj. [from antbmetick. ]
. boxing, in which the weaker man may ufed of a naval force.
method of overcome the ftronger, if he can
According to the rules or keep ARMAME'NTARY.
arithmetick. him from clofmg. n.f. [armamentarium,
The Such a one can keep him at arm's era, need
as Lat.] An armory; a magazine or ar-
principles of bodies be infinitely fm.ill,
may
not only beyond all naked nr affifted fenfe, but be- never wifli for a better companion. Sidrcy'i Arcad. fenal of warlike implements. Difl.
.\\\ arithmetical
operation or conception. Grttu.
F->rfake be canifdrtable, hold dcjth awhile
my A'RMAN. n.f. A
confeftion for reftoring
at the arm's tr.d.
The fquarcs of die diameters of thefe rings, Shakrffciirt.
appetite in horfes. Diff,
made by any prifrnatick colour, were in antbmtn- In the fame fenfe is ufed r'/ length. A'RMATURE. n.f. [armatura, Lat.]
fa/progreirion, as in the fifth oblervation. Nnuton. To ARM. -v. a.
[anno, Lat.] 1. Armour; fomething to defend tlie body
ARITH M E'T ic ALLY. aJ'V. [from arithme- 1. To furnifh with armour of defence, or from hurt.
In an arithmetical manner ; ac-
tical.] weapons of offence. Others (hould be armed with hard flielts; others
cording to the principles of arithmetick. And when Aliram heard that his brother was with prickles; the reft, that have no fuch unr.a-
Though the fifth part of a xeftes being a fimple taken captive, he armed his trained fcrvants, born ture, fhould be endued with great fwiftnefs and
fraction, and aritbrreiically regular, it is
yet no pro- in hU own houfe, three hundred and
eighteen, and ft rnicity. Ray on tbt Creator:.-
per part of that meafure. ArtutbrM in Ccius.
purfucd them unto Dan. Ca<Ji:. z. Offenfive weapons ; lefs
properly.
VOL. I.
P Tlve
 ARM ARM. A R O
TS; Sir. lies to thefc gouge; are made fo Ion?,
The double armalurt \i a more deflruflive tn- A'RMISTICB. n.f. \armiftiliam, Lat.].
A
that the hantlL' m^j :cj^i unaer the armpit of the
g'nic than the tumultuary weapon. Dtfjy of'Pity fhort truce; a ceftation of arms for a workman. >

A'MEI>. adj. [in heraldry.] Is ufed in fhort time. Others hold their plate under the left arm- fit,
refpecl of bealts
and birds of prey, when A'RMLET. the bert lituiti jo for keeping it warm.
n.f. [from arm.^ Swifr.
their teeth, horns, feet, beak, talons, \. A little arm ; as, an armlet of the fea. ARMS. n. f. without the fingular numitf.
or tufks, are of a different colour from A for the arm.
z. piece cf armour [arma, Lat.]
the reft ; as, he bears a cock or a falcon
3. A bracelct/or the arm. 1.
Weapon* of offence, or armour of de-
armed, or. Chalmers. And, when (he tak.cs thy hand, nd doth feem fence.
ARMED Chair, n. /. armed and kind, Thofe arms, which Mars before
[from
An elbow Doth fcarch what rings and armlets Die can find. Had giv'n the vanquifii'd, now the victor bore.
chair. 1 chair, or a chair with Donne.
P-^ff.
reds for the arms.
A Every nymph of the flood her trefles rending, 2. A ftate of hoftility.
ARME'NIAN Sole. n.f. fatty medicinal Throws off her armlrt of pearl in the main. DryJ. Sir Edward Courtney, and the haughty prelate,
kind of earth, of a pale rtddiih colour, ARMONI'ACK. fo written With more confederates, are in anr.s. Skatcj.
n.f. [erroncoufly :r.any
which takes its name from the country for ammoniack.] A
fort of volatile fait.
3.
War in general.
of Armenia. See AMMONIACK. Aor.s and the man I firg. Dryjcr..
AKME'NIAN Stone, n.f. A mineral Hone A'RMORER. Him Paris follow'd to the dire alarms,
n.f. \armoricr, Fr.] Both breathing daughter, boih refolv'd in am:;.
or earth of a blue colour, fpotted with . He that makes armour, or weapons.
Paft.
green, black, and yellow ; anciently
Now thrive the erimrcri, and honour's thought
the al of taking arms.
but now Reigns in the bread of every man. Sbakfff. 4. Aclion ;

brought only from Armenia,

f.'lcly
Up rofe the victor angels, and to arms
The armorers make their fteel more tough and
found in Germany, and the Tyrol. It
of water and juice of herbs. The matin trumpet fung. Itl'-ltm.
pliant, by aiperlion
bears a near refemblance to lapis lazuli, Bacon. The feas and rocks and (ties rebound,
To arms, to arms, to arms !
from which it feems only to differ in The whole dmfion tint to Mars pertains, Pope.
it being fofter, and All trades of death that deal in fteel for gains, 5.The enfigns armorial of a family.
degree of maturity ; Were there : the butcher, armorer, and fmith, A'RMY. n.f. \armee, Fr.]
inftead of gold.
fpeckled with green Who forges fharpen'd fauchions, or the fcythe. 1. A collection of armed men, obliged to
Chambers.
Dryden.
ARME'NTAL. or ar- When arnfrtri temper in the ford obey one man. Locke.
~[adj. [armentaUs, Number itfelf imported) not much in armies,
A'RMENTINE. J mentinus, Lat.] Belong- The kecn-eJg'd pole-axe, or the (Tuning fword, where the people are of weak courage. Bacon.
of cattle. Di<3. The red-hot metal ruffes in the lake. Pope.
ing to a drove or herd He that drefles another in armour.
The meaneft foldier, that has fought often in
ARMENTO'SE. adj. \_armcnt r.fui, Lat.] A-
2. an army, has a truer knowledge of war, than he
The armorers accompltfhing the knights, that has writ whole volumes, but never was in any
Di8.
bounding with cattle. With bufy hammers ciofing rivets up, buttle. South.
A'RMGAUNT. [from arm and gaunt.}
adj. Give dreadful note of preparation. Stakeffeare. The Tufcan leaders and their army fing,
Slender as the arm. The morning he was to join battle with Harold, Wh'uh follow'd great y^Jneas to the war;
So he nodded, his armorer put on his backpiecc before, and h'u Their arms, their numbers, and their names declare.
And mount an armgaunt fteed. breaftp'ate behind.
Camden.
fobcrly did Sbaktf. Dryden.
A'RM-HOLE. n.f. [from arm and bole.] ARMO'RIAL. adj. [armorial, Fr.] Belong- 2. A great number.
The cavity under the moulder. ing to the arms or efcutcheon of a fa- The fool hath planted in his memory an army
of the feet, and of good words. Sba teff. Merchant of Fenicr.
Tickling is moft in the foles mily, as enfigns armorial.
under the tmn-tala, and on the fides. The caufe A'RMOR.-ST. n.f. [from armour.] A per- AROMA'TICAL. adj. [from aroniatick.~\
is the thinnefs of the (Yin in tliofe parts, joined
fon (killed in heraldry. Diff. Spicy ; fragrant ; high fcented.
with the rarenefs of being touched there. All things that are hot and arunaticaJ do prcferve
Baron's Natural tlijtory A'RMORY. n.f. [from armour.] Bact.n.
liquors or powders.
ARMI'GEROUS. adj. [from armiger,
Lat. 1 The place in which arms are reported
.
Volatile oils refrefh animal fpirits, but
t!;:

an armory-bearer.] Bearing arms. for ufe. likcwife are endued with all the bad qualities of
Lat. a The fword fuch fubftances, producing all the efYcfls of aft
A'RMILLARY. adj. [from armilla, Of Mi duel, from the armtry of God, drbutbnct.
a bracelet. oily and aromatical acrimony.
bracelet.] Refembling Was gh'n him temper'd fo, that neither keen,
When the circles of the mundane fnhert arc AROMA'TICK. adj. [from aroma, Lat.
Nor fjlid, might refill that edge. Milton.
be defcribed on the convex furfice of a
fuppofed to With plain heroick magnitude of mind, fpice.]
fpbere, which is
hollow within, and, after this,
And ceicftial vigour arm'd, 1. Spicy.
of the fphere's furfaoe to be
you imagine all parts Their anatriet and magazines contemns. M\lt'.n. Amidft whole heaps of fpicet tights ball,
cut away, except thofe parts on which fuch circles Let a man confider thefc virtues, with the con- And now their odours arm'd againlt them fly;
are defcribed ; then that fphere is called an armil- as out of a full armory, o "Some precioufly by fliatter'd porcelain
trary fins, and then, fal),
becaufc it appears in the form of feve- confcicnce with An
lary fphere,
in a magazine, let him furnifh his I fome by anmatick fplinters die. Oydeit,
ral circular rings, or bracelets, put together Satib
due pufition. Harris's Dtfcriftionoftbe Globti.
texts of fcripture. .
2. Fragrant ; ftrong fcented.
2. Armour; arms of defence. Or quick effluvia darting through the brain,
A'RMILLATED. adj. [arraillatus, Lat.,
at hand Die of a rofe in amxallcls pjir .. 1

Pope.
Diff. Nigh
Having bracelets. and fnears,
Celeftial armory, fhields, helms, AROMA'TICKS. n.f. Spices.
A'RMINGS, .
/. [in a fliip.]
The fame Hung high, with diamond flaming, and with gold They were fuvniilieJ for exchange of their ari-
with wafleclothes, being clothes hung Milton matichs, and other proper commodities. Rjieigb.
about the outfide of the flap's upper- 3. Enfigns armorial. A ROM ATIZA'TION. [from aroma- n. f.
W-jH worthy be you of that armory, The mingling
works fore and aft, and before the cub- tize.']
of a due propor-
Wherein you have treat glory won this day.
brige heads.
Some are alfo hung round tion of aromatick ipices or drugs with
Fairy l^ueert.
Chamber*
the tops, called lop armings. any medicine.
A'RMOUR. [armateur, Fr. armatura
rt.f.
ARMI'POTENCE. n.f. [from arma, arms Lat.] Defenfive arms.
To ARO'MATIZE. i>. a. [from aroma, Lat.
SL^ power, Lat.] Power in
war Your friends are up, and buckle on their ar-
polemic., fpice.]
ARMI'POTENT. \armipctens, Lat.
adj. (
mour. Sbjlcfi>iarc. 1. To fcent with fpices ; to impregnate
Powerful in arms ; mighty in war. That they might not go naked among their ene- with fpices.
The manifold linguilt, and the armtfetent fol mies, the only aranur that Cbrift allows them ir Drink the firft cup at funpT h it, am! half an
South
dier. Sbakeffeare prudence and innocence. hour before ("upper Jomething hot and arowatizetf.
For if our Cod, the Lord armifotetit, A'RMOUR-BEARER. n.f. [from armour A.l::K.

Thofe armed angels in our aid down a'nd t/ca>:] He that carries the armour 2. To fcentto perfume.
;

That were .it Dathan to his prophet If nt, Unto converted jews no man imputeth this un-
of another.
Th wilt come down with them.
11 Fairfax
and next he kill'd favoury odour, as tliough aromatized by their con-
His armour-bearer firft,
Beneath the low'ring brow, and on a bent,
verlina. Er: twn,
His ch:Hioteer. Drydtn
The ten, pic flood of Mars armifotent. Dryden
Lat/ A'RMPIT. [from arm and///.]
n. f. The ARO'SE. The preterite of the verb arife.
ARMI'^PMOUS. adj. [armifoniu, See ARISE.
hollow place under the fhoulder. .

Ruftling with armour. I ARO'VND.

 A R R A R R A R R
to be arraigned, where he is
1

ARO'UND. indifled derived arr

ad-v. [from a and round .]
1. In a circle. and brought forth to his trial. Co-ivel/. ed by violence.
He extend his propagated fvMjr,
(hail Summon a fefiion, that we may arraign His ambitious fons unto them twain
Where Atlas turns the rowling heav'ns around, Our moft difloyal ldy ; for as (he hath Arrtagbt the rule, and from their father drew.
And his broad moulders with their lights are irown'd. Been publickly accufcd, fo (hall flic have Fairy Statin.
A ju!t and open trial. Sbakffprare. ARRA'Y. arree, Sp. ar-
Dryden. n. f. [array, Fr.
2. On every fide. 2. To accufe ; to charge with faults in rcdo, Ital. from Teut. order. It
reye,
And all above was (ky and ocean all around.
general, as in controverfy, in a fatire. was adopted into the middle Latin,
Dryden. Reverie of nature! fuch copies then (hall
milie heminum arraitorum, Knighton.]
ARO'UND. prep. About; encircling, fo Arraign th' originals of Maro's pen ? Rsfiomtnan.
He that thinks a man to the ground, wilt quickly 1. Order, chiefly of war.
as to encompafs. The earl cfpying them fcattered near the army,
endeavour to lay him there : for while he deip'Ls
From young lulus head fentone to command them to their art-ay. HaywarJ*
him, hearrrfijTHj and condemns him in his heart.
A lambent flame arole, which gently fpread Sautb. Wcr't thou fought to deeds
Arwnd his brows, and on his temples fed. Dryd. has far before the fault.
It That might require th' array of war, thy fc'll
3.
To ARO'USE. <v. a. [from a and Of conduct would be fuch, that all the world
rati/e.] My oun enemies I /hail never anfwer; and if
Could not fufta'n thy prowefs. Hl<l! f .
I. To wake from
ileep. your lordfliip has any, they wiil not arraign you
Agen'ral fe's his army in array
;oud howling wolves arcufe the jades for want of knowledge. In vain, unlefs he fight and win the day. DCH'MV.
That drag the tragic melancholy night. Sbaktfp, DeJicaiion to (be JEneid.
Drydtns
2. Drefs.
t. To up to excite.
raife ;
ARRA'IGNMENT. n. f. [from arraign.] A rich throne, as bright as funny day,
r
But abfent, what fantaftick woes aratfd l'he ad of arraigning ; an accufation ; On which there fat muft brave embelliihed
Rage in each thrjjht, by reftlcfs mufing fed, a charge. With royal robes, and gorgeous airjy,
Chill the warm cheek, and blait the bloom of life. In the futh fatire, which feems only an arraign- A maiden queen. 'Fairy Qaccii.
Th'iHHn.
of the whole fat, there is a latent admonition
iKcr.! In this remembrance, Emily ere day
A-"-O'w. ai/v. [from a and rc--w.] In a to avoid ill women. Dryden. A.rote, and diefs'd herfclr in rich array. Drydcn.
row ; with the breads all bearing againft To ARRA'NGE. v. a. [arranger, 3. In law. Array, of the Fr. array, i. e.
Fr.]
the fame line. To put in the proper order for any or Jo, the ranking or fetting forth of a
pur-
Then fome green gowns are by the lalTcs worn
till home they walk arum. pole. jury or inqueft of men impannelled up-
IB chafteft plays,
chanc'd this day I on a caufe. Thence is the verb to ar-
Sidney.
But with a pace more fober and more flow,
To fee in travel on my way,
two knights
ray a pannel, that is, to fet forth one by
And tw-nt) , ra.-.k in rank, they rode anvi. (A forry fight !) arrang'd in battle new. another the men impannelled. Coiuell.
Fairy J^jr.vr.
Dryden.
Hew effectually are iu mufcular fibres jrrjr^u/, To ARRA'Y. -v. a. [arroyer, old Fr.]
AHO'VNT. adv. [a word of uncertain ety- and w.th what judgment arc its columns and fur- 1. To put in order.
mology, but very ancient ufe.] Be rows difpofed !
Cbeynt. 2. To deck to drefs to adorn
; ; the per-
gone ; away : a word of expulfion, or A R R A' N G M E N T F,
[from arrange. ]
. n. f. fon with the particle nuitb or in.
:

avoiding. The ad of putting in proper order ; the Deck thyfclf now with majefty and excellency,
Saint Withold footed thrice the wold, of being put in order. and array thy(e\fwiii> glory and beauty. Jab, xl. 10.
ftate
He met the night-mare, and her narr.e told, There a piojic-r tirrangtment of the parts in
is
Now went forth the morn,
Bid her alight, and her troth plight, elallick bodies, which may be facilitated by ulc.
Such as in highcft heav'n, arrayed in gold
And anynt thee, witch, er-.ynithee right. Stakeff. Empyreal. Mittv*.
Cbtync.
A'RQJJEBUSE. fpeh falfely bar-
Onevf ft array V
the corpfe, and one they fpreai
n.f. [Fr. A'RRANT. adj. [a word of uncertain ety- O'er his clos'd eyes, and wrapp'd around his head.
hand gun. A It feeras to have
quebuff.~\
mology, but probably from errant, which Dryden.
anciently meant much the fame as our
In law. See ARRAY in law.
being at ririt applied in its proper fig. 3.
carabine, or fufee. nification to vagabonds, as an errant or
A will be farther heard
ARRA'YERS. n.f. [from array.] Officers
barjuekafe, or ordnance, arrant rogue, -that is, a rambling rogue,
from the mouth of the piece, thin backwards
or who anciently had the care of feeing the
loft, in time, its original fignincation,
on the fid?s. Bacon. foldiers duly appointed in their armour.
A' R o^u E B u s I E R n.f. [from arquetufc. ]
,
and being by its ufe underllood to im-
Afoldier armed with an arquebufe. ply fomething bad, was applied at large ARRE'AR. adv. [arrtere, Fr. behind.]
He compaflod them m wifrrfiftern-thonfand ar~ to any thing that was mentioned with
Behind. This is the primitive fignifica-
qucbufirs, whom he had brought hatred or contempt.] Bad in a high de-
with him well ap-
tion of the word, which, though not now
Knoll' t.
pointed.
gree. in ufe, fecms to be retained by Sftn/er.
A'RR ACH, O'RR ACH, or O'RR AGE. n.f. Cuuntry folks, who hallooed and hooted after See REAR.
as at the arranttft coward that tv.-r (hewed his
One of the quickeft plants both in com- me,
To leave with fpeed Atlanta fwift arnai;
nVmldcrs to the enemy. Sidney.
ing up and running to feed. Its leaves A
vain fool grows forty times an arranter lot Through forells wild and unfrequented land

are very good in pottage. than before. To chafe the lion, boar, or rugged bear.
L'Ejirange.
Mortimer's Hujbandry. And let him every deity aijore,
Fairy

ARA'CK. n.f. The word If his new bride prove not an arropt tvhorr. ARRE'AR. n.f. That which remains be
ARRA'CK, or
arrack is an Indian name for ftrong wa-
DryJrn. hind unpaid, though due. See AR-
A'RRANTLY. ad-v. [from arrant.] Cor- REARAGE.
ters of all kinds ; for they call our fpi-
ruptly ; fhamefully. His boon is giv'n; his knight has gain'd the
rits and brandy Englifh arrack. But Funeral tears are asarrjrtify hired out as mourn- day,
what we underftand by the name ar- ing clokes.
L 'Ejlrange. But loft the prize; th' arrcin are yet to pay.
no other than a fpirit procured
[from Jrrr.s, a town in
rack, is A'RRAS. n. /. Dryden.
If a tenant run away in arreetr of fomc rent,
by diftillation from a vegetable juice Artois, where hangings are woven.] the land remains ; that cannot be carried away, or
called toddy, which flows by incilion
Tapeftry ; hangings woven with images. loft. iMlu.
out of the cocoa-nut tree. Chambers. '1 .'uncc t-j the hjH, which was on every flue comfort our grand-children, when they
It will
I f nd th:, tu be better kn .ice of With rich array and cortly an-ai dight. fee a few rags hung up in Weflminfkr-ha!!, which
china, tea, arrack, and other Indian gouis. Fairy SJjitea. cod an hundred millions, whereof they arc paying
Sfrflatcr. He's going to his mother's clofet ; the arrears, and boaftlng, as beggars do, that their
To ARRA'IGN. ^. a. Behim: t'-ie a'riii I'll convey myfelf, grandfathers were rich.
[arranger, Fr. to
Sviift.
fet in order.]
'J .
hear th'c prm. :
.
Sbaktffcare.
ARRE'ARAGE../. Aw ord now little ufcd.
As he (hill pafs the galleries, I'll
place
I. To fet a thing in order, or in its place. A gu.ird behind tiie un-ai. Dnibam't Sophy. [from arritre, Fr. behind.]
of an account, or a
One is faid to arraign a writ in a coun- AR R A'UGHT. <v. a. [a word ufed by Sfen- Arrtaragt it the remaindei
fum of money remaining in the hands of an ac-
ty, that fits it for trial before the juf- fer in the prefer tenfe, of which I have countant; or, more gencrally> iny money unpaid
ticcs Q/ the circuit. prifoner is faid A not found the prcfent, but fuppofe he at the due time, as frnoraze af Knt. Ctvttll-
P fajct
 A R R A R R A R R
Paget fet forth the king of England's title to ARRE'ST. n.f. [In horfemanlhip.] A 5
The thing at which we arrive is always
.

his debts and penfion from the French king ; with

mangey humour between the ham and fuppofed to be good.
all
arrearage!* Hayward. of a horfe. 6. To happen with to before the perfon.
pattern of the hinder legs
:

He'll grant the tribute, fend the arrearages.

This fenfe feems not proper.
Stake/peare.
The old arrearaget under which that crown had A'RRETED. low Lat.] Happy to whom this glorious death arri-rti, !

adj. [arrtaatns, More to be valued than a thout.nd lives. Waller.

tang groaned, being defrayed, he hath brought He that convened before
is a judge, and
Lurana to uphold and maintain herfelf. 7"oARRo'uE. <v.a. [arra/e.Lat.] Tognawr
It is ufed fome-
Hnotl't Vocal Fmjl. charged with a crime. or nibble. Diff.
times for imputed or laid unto as, no ;
ARRE'ARANCE. n.f. The fame with ar- A'RROGANCE. \n.f. [arrogantia, Lat.J.
folly may be arreted to one under age.
rear. SeeARREAR. Difi.
Covjell.
A'RROCANCY. } The aft or quality of
ARRENTA'TION. n. f. [from arrendar, To ARRI'DE. <v. a. [arrideo, Lat.] taking much upon one's felf that fpe- ;

cies of pride which confilts in exorbitant

Span, to farm.] Is, in the foreft law, 1. To at.
the licenfing an owner of lands in the
laugh claims.
2. To fmile ; to look pleafantly upon one. Stanley, notwithftanding (he's your wife,
foreft, to inclofe them with a low hedge
ARRI'ERE. n.f. [French.] The laft body And loves not me ; be you, good lord, aflur'd,
and fmall ditch, in confideration of a
of an army, for which we now ufe rear. 1 hate not you for her proud arrogance. Sbakcfp.
yearly rent. Diet. Pride hath no other glafs
The horfemcn might iflue forth without dif-
ARREPTI'TIOUS. turbance of the foot, and the avant-guard with- To fliew itfe'f but pride ; for fupple knees
adj. [arreftus, Lat.]
out (huffiing with the batrail or arriere. Hayiv. Feed arrogance, and are the proud man's fees. Sbal,
1. Snatched away.
Pride and arrogance, and the evil way, and the
ARRI'ERE BAN. n.f. [Caffeneu-ve derives
2. [from ad and refo.} Crept in privily. froward mouth, do I hate. Prw. viii. 13.
this word from arriere and ban ; ban
ARRE'sr.n.yl [from arrefler, Fr. to flop.] Difcourfing of matters dubious, and on any co:i-
denotes the convening of the noblefle trovertible truths, we cannot, without arrsgaticj,
I. In law.
A man or vaflals, who hold fees immediately entreat a credulity. Brvwni Vulgar Errcvn*
flop or flay ; as, a apprehended for debt,
is faid to be arrefted. To
plead in arref of judg- of the crown and arriere, thofe who
;
Humility it exprefles by the {looping and bend-
head when it is lifte'd, or, ai
ment, is to (hew cjufe why judgment (hou'd be
only hold of the king mediately.]
A ing
we
of the ; amgancc,

fay, tofled up. Drydcn^s Dufrtfnoy.

flayed,though the verdift of the twelve be palled. which the
To general proclamation, by A'RROGANT. adj. [arrogant, Lat.] Given
plead in arrrft of taking the inqueft upon the
former ifi'ue, is to fhcw caufe why an inqueft (hould king of France fummons to the war all to make exorbitant claims haughty ; ;

not be taken. Aa that hold of him, both his own vaflals

arrejt is a certain reftraint
ot
proud.
a man's perfon, d priving him of his own will, and or the noblefle, and the vaflals of his Feagh's right unto thatcountry which he claims,
it to become obedient to the will of the law,
binding vaflals. or the ligniory therein, muft be vain and arrogant.
and may be called the beginning of imprifonment. ARRI'ERE FEE, or FIEF. Is a fee de- Spenfcr art Ireland,
Ccnuill.
on a one. Thefe fees An arrogant way of treating with other princes
Ji" I could fpsaic fo wifely under an arreji, 1 pendant fuperior and dates, is natural to popular governments. Temple.
woul fend for my creditors ; yet 1 had as lief have
I commenced, when dukes and counts, A'RROGANTLY. adv. [from arrogant.]
the foppe y of freedom, as the morality of impri-
rendering their governments heredita- In an arrogant manner.
i<:nt.
Sbakefpeare. of
ry, diftributed to their officers parts Our poet may
3. Any caption, feizure of the perfon. the domains, and permitted thofe of- Himfelf admire the fortune of his play ;
1 o the rich man, who had promifed himfeif cafe under them And
ficers to gratify the foldiers arrogantly, as his fellows do,
for many years, it was a fad arrej}, that
his fon!
Think he writes well, becaufehe pleafes you.
in the fame manner. Dryd.
w:'S furpriied tile firft night.
Taylor. Another, \varm'd
A ARRI'ERE VASSAL. The vaflalof a vaffal.
With
3. flop. high ambition, and conceit of prowcfs
The ilop and arrcjl of the air iheweth, that the Trei'oux. Inherent, arrogantly thus prefum'd;
air hith little appetite of afcending. Bacon. ARRI'SION. n.f. [arrifa, Lat.] Afmiling What if this fword, full often drench'd in blood,
Difl. Should now cleave flieer the execrable head
To ARRE'ST. v. a. [arrefter. Fr. to ftop.] upon. Of Churchill.
n.f. [from arrive.} The ad
Philip!.
1. To ieize by a mandate from a court or ARRI'VAL.
A'RROGANTNESS. n.f. [from arrogant.]
officer of juilice. See ARREST. of coming to any place ; and, figurative-
The fame with arrogance which fee. ;
Good lord Mailings, for the which
tidings, my ly, the attainment
of any purpofe.
DiS.
of high treafon.
1 dr Grr?j} thec, traitor, Sbakejp. How are we chang'd finte we fii ft faw the queen !

There's one yonder arnfted, and carried to pri- She, like the fun, does ftill the fame appear,
To A'RROGATE. i>. a. [arrago, Lat.]
fon, was worth five thoufand of you all. Sbakefp. Bright as (he was at her trrival here. Waller. To claim vainly ; to exhibit unjuft
To feize The unravelling is the arrival of Ulyffes upon claims only prompted by pride.
2. any thing by law. View cf Epic
He hath enjoyed nothing of Ford's but twenty his own ifland. Sracme't Poetry. I intend to dei'cribe this battle fully, not to de-
pounds of money, which muft be paid to msftcr ARRI'VANCE. n.f. [from arrive.} Com- rogate any thing from one nation, or to arrogate to
Brook; his horfcs are arrcjted for it.
Shakefyeare. pany coming : not in ufe. the other. Hayward.
To feize to lay hands on; to detain Every minute is cxpeftancy
Thepopes arrogated unto themfelres, that the
3. ;
Of more arrevance. Sbakefpeare. empire was held of them in homage.
by power. Sir Walter Raleigh.
But when Morpheus had with leaden maze
ss To ARRI'VE. <v. n. [arriver, Fr. to come not content
Who,
Arrcjl d a'.lthat giod'y company. fairy Siuten. on fhore.] With fair equality, fraternal ftate,
h, cf all
things in the world, i . To come to any place by water. Will arrogate dominion undeferv'd,
will not b; baffLd or defied, fliall begin to
arref, At length arriving on the banks of Nile, Over his brethren. Milton.
:

fe ze, and remind us of our mortality. Seutb.

Wearied with length of ways, and worn with toil, Rome never arrogated to herfelf any infallibility,
4. To withhold ; to hinder. She laid her down. Diydcn. but what (he pretended to be founded upon Chrift'i
defecTfcf the Englifh juftice was the main
it
^. To reach any place by travelling. promife. Tilhtfon.
impediment that did arrtjl and ftop the corrfe of When we were arrived upon the verge of his ARROGA'TION. n.f. [from arrogate.'} A
the cor.r;ue.1. Davies.
As oftca as my dngs with better fpeed
eftate, we (topped at a little inn, to reft ourfelves claiming in a proud unjuft manner. Diet.
Arnjl her night, is (he to death decreed.
and our horfes. Sidney. ARRO'SION. n.f. [from arrofus, Lat.] A
Nor couu
Drjdcn.
3. To reach any point. Di3.
virtues, nor repeated vov.s
h-jr
The bounds of ail body we have no difficulty to
gnawing.
Of th ufanJ lovers, the relentlefs hand A'RROW. n.f. [apepe, Sax.] The pointed
arrive at ; but when the mind is there, it finds
ath arnfl.
Philips.
nothing to hinder its
p^ogrcfs. Locke. weapon which is (hot from a bow. Darts
5. To ftop motion. To gain any thing by progreflive ap-
are thrown by the hand, but in poetry
'i ".j: '

the coagulative power, we havear-

they are confoanded.
*

of new milk, and turned proach.

rtfltd the fluidity it into
It the higheft wifdom by defpifing the world
is I (wear to thee by Cupid's (trongeft bow,
a curd'cJ ibb'tance. with the golden head. Stalteff.
Boyle. to arrive at heaven ; they are blefled who converfc By his bcftarrrai
6. To obflrucl ; to ftop. with God. Taylor.
Here were boys fo dcfperately refolved, as to pull
Af. ufes of things to fecret The arro-ws out of their flefn, and deliver them to be
virtuous may know in (peculation, what
i

proprie-
ties, hath arrijlcd and laid afleep all true enquiry. (hot again by the archers on their fide. Hayward.
they could never arrive at by prafticr, and avoid
ticca. the fnarci of the ciafty. Mdifen. A'RROWHEAD. n.f. [from arrow and
hi ad.}
 ART ART ART
tread.] A
water plant, fo called from The art of our necefiitirs
the refemblance of its leaves to the That can make
is ftrange, ARTHRI'TICAL. 7 ,
head vile things precious.
of an arrow.
Sialttfp, ARTHRI'TICK. f
j)^ 5. Cunning.
A'RROwr. adj. [from arro-M .'\ Confrft-
M ire matter with lefs art.
Shake/feare,
1. Gouty ; relating to the gout.
6. Frequent changes produce all the artbrltlck dif-
ing of arrows. Speculation. ea <~es - jirbulina.
he law them in their forms of battle r-ng'd,
1 have as much of this in art as you ;
2.
How quick they
;iying, behind them
But yet my nature could not bear it fo.
SkiHeff.
Relating to joints.
ARTE'RIAL. That Serpents, worms, and leeches, though fomewant
adj. [from artery.]
Sharp fleet ofernvy fliow'r againft the face which bones, and all extended articulations, yet have they
relates to the which
Jf their purfuer-, and o'ercame artery;" that arthritic al analogies
; and, by the motion of fibrous
!,y flight. :.!!:. is contained in the artery. and mufcuious parts, are able to make
ARSE._,,./ [eanp, Sax.] The buttocks,
progreflion.
Had not the Maker wrought the Brown's Vulgar Ernurs
or hind part of an animal. fpringy frame,
The blood, defrauded of its rjtrous food,
To bang e ARSE. A
vulgar phrafe, fig-
Had cool'd and languifli'd in the arterial road. S. n. f. [i
e from , VK>
a joint.] Any
nifying to be tardy, fluggifti, or dilatory. Blackmvre, diftemper that affects the
For Hudibras wore but one As mixture of blood and
this joints, but the gout particularly. Quincy.
chyle palleth
I'pur,
As through the arterial tube, it is prefled by two con- A'RTICHOKE. n.f. [articbault, Fr.]
wifely knowni.ng, could he Ki
To active trot one fide of 's trary forces; that of the heart driving it forward This plant
horfe,
is
very like the thiftle, but hath
The other would not againft the fides of the tube, and the eladick force
bang an Iludilras large fcaly heads (haped like the cone of the pine-
arfe. of the air prefling it on the
ARSE-FOOT, n.f. A kind of water- fowl, oppofite fides of thofe
air-bladders, along the furfacc of which this arte-
tree j the bottom of each
fcale, as alfo at the bot-
tom of the florets, is a thick
called alfo a rial tube fleihy eatable fub-
ctidapper. D;^i creeps. Arbutbmt. ftance.
M':Ilcr.
ARSE-SMART, n.f, \jtrfuaria, Lat.] An ARTERIO TOMY. i, and No
herbs have curled leaves, but
n.f. [from ?1vi e cabbage and
herb. TIIJ.VU, The operation of let-
to cabbage Jettuce ; none have double leaves, one be-
cut.]
A'RSENAL. n.f. [arfenak, Ital.] A re- ting blood from the artery : a practice longing to the ftjlk, another to the fruit or feed,
but the artichoke.
pofitory of things requifite to in ufe Bacan.
war; a ^much among the French. Artichnkcs contain a rich, nutritious,
magazine of military itores. A RTERY. n.f. [arteria, Lat.] An artery J
'
'"
ftimulating
Arbutbnot OH Al-ments.
Iwould have a roo;n for the old Roman inftru- is a conical
ments ot war, where you canal, conveying the blood A'R T i c H o K. E of Jerusalem. A
might fee all the ancient fpecies of
from the heart to all
military furn.ture, as it might have been in an parts of the body. fun-flower.
arfe. Each
nal of old Rome. MJlL. artery is
compofed of three coats ; A'RTICK. adj. [it (hould be written arc.
ARSENICAL, of which the feems to be a thread of
firft
adj. [from arfenick.] Con- from a^xiix-.]
tick, Northern ; under
taining arfenick
fine blood veflels and nerves, for nou-
;
confuting of arfenick. the Bear. See ARCTICK.
An hereditary confumption, or one engendered riming the coats of the artery ; the fe- But they would have winters like thofe
by trfaucfl fumes under ground, is inc.:cable of beyond
cond is made up of circular, or rather theart':ck circle
;
for the fun would be 80
cure. IT degrees
Tk from them.
1 nere r lijrvcy.
are arfnical, or other like noxious fpiral fibres, of which there are more or Brown.
mine- fewer ftrata, In the following it is, con- example
rals
ladged underneath. ; j. wr according to the bignefs of
ARSENICK. the artery. Thefe fibres have a trary to cuftom, fpelt after the French
n.f.
ous mineral fubftance, volatile
[*?'.] A
ponder- itrong
manner, and accented on the laft fylla-
and un- elafhcity, by which they contract them-
felves with feme force, when the ble.
inflammable, which gives a whitenefs to power To who live in chill
metals in fufion, and
proves a violent by which they have been ftretched out you,
As map informs, of fifty-three,
degree,

corrofive poifon ; of which there

are
ceafes. The third and inmoft coat is a And do not much for cold atone,
C Nat"ve Or I'11" fine
$' arfe'^> transparent membrane, which keeps By bringing thither fifty-one,
if j ,r the blood within its
called alfo Methinks all climes /hould be
or
aimpigmentum
orpiment, canal, that other- alike,
wife, upon the dilatation of an From tropick e'en to pole artiquc.
found in copper-mines. Whin
is chiefly Dryden
artery,
is extracted from the
would eafily feparate the A'RTICLE. n.f. \_articulus, Lat.]
OTcyJralline arfenick fpiral fibres
native kind, by from one another. As the arteries grow
1. A part of fpeech, as, the, an the man,
fubliming it with a pro- an ox.
;

portion of fea fait: the fmalleft fmaller, thefe coats grow thinner, and
of cryftalline quantity the coats of the veins feem
to be
2. A
fingle claufe of an account ; a parti-
fl^/V-f, being mixed with only cular pare of any
any metal, abfolutely deftroys its mal- continuations of the complex thing.
capillary arteries. Laws touching matters of order are '

leability : and a fmgle grain will turn a Quincy.

changeable
The
,
by the power of the church articles
concerning
pound of copper into a beautiful feem- arteries are elaftic ;
endued witn a con-
tubes,
tradlile force, doftrine, not fj. Haaler.
by which they drive the blood dill
ing filver, but without ductility. Red forward ; it being hindered from
Have the fummary of our griefs,
all
going backward When time
arjenick is a preparation of the by the valves of the heart.
(hall ferve to (hew in articles.
Shakeff.
white, Artutbnot. believe the article
made by adding to it a mineral A'RTFUL. Many of remilfion of fins, but
fulphur. [from art and///.]
adj. believe without the condition of repentance. We
it

Chambers. 1. Performed with art. believe the article otherwile than God intended
it.
Jirfcnuk is a The lad of thefe was
very deadly poifon ; h-ld to the the mod
certainly eafy, Taylor's Holy Living.
fire, it emits fumes, but but, for the fame reafon, the lead All the precepts,
liquates very little. promifes, and threatening: of
artful. Dryden.
_
AK1.
_ Wmdviard on Fffis.
2. Artificial ; not natural. the will rife
gofpel
in up
us judgment againft ;
and
n.f. [arte, Fr. ars, Lat.] the articles of our faith will be fo
many articles of
The power of 3. Cunning; fkilful ; dexterous.
I.
doing fomething not O
dill the
fame, Ulyfles, (he rejoin'd,
acci* ition ; and the
great weight of our charge
In ufrful craft will be this, That we did not the
taught by nature and inftinft ; as, to which obey gofpel
fuccefsfully refin'd, we profeded
"walk is natural, to Janet is an Artful \n fpeech, in aftion, and in mind.
to believe ; that we made confrlTion of
art. P,pe . thechriftian but lived like heathens.
jirt
properly an habitual knowledge of cer-
is ARTFULLY, adv. [from
artful.] With You
faiti;,
have fmall reafon to repine
Tilhtfon.
tain rules and maxims, that arti- upon
by which a man is governed art; fkilfully ;
dexteroufly. cle of life.
and direfled in his actions. The Siuift.
South. reft in rank
Honoria, chief in :

Bled with eaJi grace of nature and

of art. Pope Was artfully contriv'd to fet her face place, J. Terms ; ftipulations.
Ev'n copious
Dryden wanted, or forgot, To front the thicket, and behold the chace. I embrace thefs conditions; let us have articles
The lad and greateft
art, the art t-j blot. Vice the natural growth of our
is
Dryd. &* s.
Sbaitjfeart.
Pop,
A fcience ; as, the liberal arts.. How corruption.
irrefiflibly mult it prevail, when the feeds of
It would have gall'd his furly nature,
Ant that refpctt the mind were ever it are Which eafily endures not
artfully lown, and article,
reputed no- induftrioufiy cultivated
Tying him
!

b.er than ihofe that ferve the to aught.

body. Bcn j, fr. tt
Sbaktfpcarc.
When Rogers.
did his pen on
learning fix a brand, ARTFULNESS, n.f. [from artful.]
f Point of time ; exact time.
Or rail at am
he did not underftand ?
Driden Jf Canslield had not, in th.it article of
time,
3. A trade.
Confider with how much
given them that briflc charge, by which other
troops
This okfervatlon bulk and artfulnefs his were ready, the king himiclf had been
is afforded us by the art of fituation is
i;i
danger.
contrived, to havejuft matter to draw
making fngar. D i
round him thefe Clarendon.
mafly bodies. Cbejne. To A'RTICLE.
4. Axtfulnefs ; /kill ;
dexterity, 2.
<v. n. [from the noun ar-
Cunning. To
ticle.] flipulate ; to make terms.
Sncfa
 ART ART ART
Such in lore's warfare i* my cafe, ARTI'CULATENESS. n. f. [from articu- logarithmick fines and tangents ; which ,
f may not article for grace,
The quality of being articulate.
Hiving put love at laft to (how this fice. Dame. late.] by the help of the line of numbers, folve,
He had not infringed the leaft tittle of what wa
ARTICULA'TION. n.f. [from articulate] with tolerable exattnefs, qucftions in
1. The juncture, or joint of bones.
trti-leJ, that they aimed at one mark, and their trigonometry, navigation, &c.
cade were concentrick. Hnvel'i Vncal FneJI. With relation to them ti-m of the I one, in t)u> Cbamtti'i.
It'it be faid, Cod chofe the fucceflor, that is m.i- articulating, thereis a twofold
liquor prepared for ARTIFICIAL Numbers, are the fame with
the inunction and lubrification of their heads, an
nifelUy not fo in the ftory of Jrphtha, where hear-
tieteJ with the
people, and they made him judge oily one, and a mucilagimu?, fuppjied by certain logarithms.
over thrm. Lock?. glandules feated in the nr.-irx.,. .

Ray.
ARTIFICIALLY. aJv. [from artifcial]
t'a A'RTICI. E. <v. a. To draw up in par- 2. The aft of forming words. 1.
Artfully ; with (kill; with good con-
I conceive that an i-xtieme
ticular articles. final!, or an extreme trivance.
great found, cannot be aiti*ulatc, but lhat the ar- How how
He, whole life feems fjir, yet if all his crrours cunningly he made his faultinefs lefs,
ticulation requireth a
nd follies were rr;./a/againft him, the man would mediocrity of found. Baft:. artificially he fe't out the torments of his ow:
feem vicious and miferable. By articulation I mean a peculiar motion and fcience.
Sidney.
figureof fume parts belonging to the mouth, be- Should any one be c.tft upon a defolate iflanj,-
Taylor's Rule vf ftv'trtg My. tween the throat and lips.
ARTI'CULAR. and find there a palace attijicuilly contrived, and
aoj. [articularis, Lat.] The joints
3. [In botany.] or knots in curioully adorned. Kay.
Belonging to the joints. In medicine, fome plants, as the cane. 2. art not naturally.
an epithet applied to a difeafe, which By ;

A'RTIFICE. n.f. [arlifcium, Lat.] It is covered on all fides with earth, crumbled
more immediately infefts the joints. into powder, as if it had been fifted.
Thus the gout is called morbus articula-
1. Trick; fraud; ftratagem. artificially
.*:'
no legends, no fervice in an unknown
It needs
ris.
tongue; none of all thefe laborious art-fees of igno-
ARTIFI'CIAL NESS. n.f. [from artifciul.]
A R T I'c u L A T E adj. [from articulas, Lat.]
. rance ; none of all thefe cloak* and covei Artfulnefs. Diti.
1. Diilinft divided, as the parts of a
; ARTIFI'CIOUS. adj. [from artifice.] The
limb are divided by joints ; not conti- 2. Art ; trade ; (kill obtained by fcience fame
\vhh.artijtcial.
nued in one tone, as articulate founds ; or practice.
ARTI'LLERY.B./. It has no plural, [artil-
that is, founds varied and ARTI'FICER. n.f. [artifex, Lat.]
changed at lerie, Fr.]
proper paufes, in oppofition to the voice
1 . An artift ; a manufacturer ; one by 1. Weapons of war; always ufed of mif-
of animals, which admit no fuch variety. whom any thing is made. five weapons.
The lights, doors, and ftairs, rather directed to And Jonathan
A\\ articulate pronunciation, a manner gave his artiHtry unto his lad,
the ufe of the gucft, than to the
of fpeaking clear and diilinft, in which eye of the at tificer. and faid unto him, Go, carry them unto the city.
Sidney. I Simud.
one found is not confounded with ano- Thegreat artificer would be more than ordina- 2. Cannon ; great ordnance.
ther. rily exaft in drawing his own Smith.
picture. Have
In the practices of artificer!, and the manufac-
I not Itard
great ordnance in the field ?
In fpeaking under water, when the voice Is re- And heav'n's artillery thunder in the fkies ?
tures of feveral kinds, the end
duced to an extreme
exility, yet the articulate being propofed, we
'
find out ways. Sbakeffeare.
founds, the words, are not C'mTounded. Brntn. Lt,ckc.
I'll to the Tower with all the hafte I
The firft, at leail, of thefe I thought deny'd 2. A forger ; a contriver. To view th'
artillery
and ammunition. Sbateff.
can^

To
beads; whom God, on their creation-day, He, foon aware, Upon one wing the aitilitry was drawn, being
Created mute to all articulate found. Mi/tan. Each perturbation frnooth'd with outward calm, fixtecn pieces, every piece having pioneers to plain
Antiquity exprefled numbers by the fingers on of fraud
Artificer and was the tirft
!
the ways.
Hay-ward,
ither hand. On the left, they accounted their That practis'd falfehood unacr faintly (new. Milt. He that views a fort to take it,
digits and articulate numbers unto an hundred j on Th' artificer of lies Plants his the weakeft place.
artillery 'gainft
the right hand, hundreds and thoufands. Renews th' aflault, and his luft
batt'ry tries. Dinkam.
Brinun's Vulgar Errouri.
Drfjtn, ARTISA'N. [French.] n.f.
2. Branched out into articles. This is a 3. A dexterous or artful fellow : not in ufe. 1. Artift; profeffor of an art.
little in ufe. Let you alone, cunning Ben Jinfcr..
meaning artificer. What are the moft judicious arlijam, but the
Henry's inftruftions were extreme (furious and ARTIFI'CIAL. adj. [artificiel, Fr.] mimicks of nature f WuttariiArcia'acSturc.
articulate; and, in them, more articles 'touching 1. Made by art not natural. ; Bert and happieft 'artifait,
inqnifition, than negotiation : requiring an anfwcr Bafilius ufed the Beft of painters, if you can,
day of torches to
artificial
in diftincl articles to his quertions. Bacir.. With your m.iny-colour'd art,
lighten the fports their inventions could contrive.
To ARTI'CULATE. <v. a. [from
article.] Sidney.
Draw the mifticfs of my heart. Gjardiar..
j . To form words ; to utter diitinft fylla- The curtains clofely drawn the light to (krcen, 2. Manufacturer ; low tradefman.
As if he had contriv'd to lie unfeen 1 who had none but generals to oppofc me, muft
bles ; to fpeak as a man. Thus cover'd witli an artificial night,
:

The have an artifan for my

dogmatift knows not by what art he dire3s- antagsnift. A<1<-

his tongue, in articulating founds into voices. Sleep did his office. Drydtn. A'KTIST.
There is no natural motion perpetual ; yet it 'n.f. [a'nfjte, Fr.]
Glanvillc.
doth not hinder but that it is 1. The profeflbr of an art, generally of
Parifian academifts, in their polHblc to contrive
anatomy of apes, fuch ah artificial revolution. Wilkifit.
an art manual.
tell us, that the mufcles of their tongue, which do
2. Fictitious ; not genuine. How to build (hips, and dreadful ordnance caft,
moft ierve to articulate a word, were wholly like
Inftruft the artifls, a:id rew.ird ilieir hai!
. '.

thofc of man. an the Creation.

Ray Why, I can fmile, and murder while I fmile,
And cry, Content, to that which grieves my heart, Rich witli the fpoils of many a conqurr'd Ian.',
They would advance in knowledge, and not de- All art) and nitijh 'I'hL-ijus could command,
ceive thcmfelvcs with a little articulated air. c:kf.
And wet my cheeks with artificial teajs. .s
The resolution which we cannot" reconcile" to \Vliu t )!.! tor hire, or \vinujht for better fame :

i. To draw up in
articles.
public good, has been fupportcd by an obfequious
The matter painters and tile carvers came. Dryd,
Thefe things, indeed, you have articulated, Whv*n 1 inaiie this, .:n i-.r(i t i undertook to imi-
party, and then with ufjal methods confirmed by
ProcUim'd at market-crofles, read in churchcc, an tate it j
but ufmg another way, fell much fhoi t.
artificial majority. .S .1
To face the garment of rebellion Artful
;/>.
1\\ vitafs
Ofli.itn
3. contrived with (kill.
"With fome fine colour. Sbakffpfare. Thefe feem
;

to be the rmrc as fhofe of

2. A fkilful man ; not a novice.
3. To make terms ; to treat. Thefe two
artificial,
a fmgle perfon the more natural
governments.
If a-.y or.c thinks himfelf an
^r'ijl
at this, lot

latter fignirications are unufual. him number up the parti ofliis child's budy.
'

L^it.
Send us to Rome ARTIFICIAL Arguments. [In rhetorick.]
The beft, with whom we may articulate Are proofs on confiderations which arife A'RTLESLY. adv. [from artlcfs.]
For their own good and ours. 1. In an artlefs manner \\ithont
Sbaliffrarc. from the genius, induilry, or invention ;
To ARTI'CULATE. it. n. To dif-
fpeak of the orator ; which are thus called, to 2. Naturally fincerely ; without craft.
;

tinftly. Nature and truth, though never fo low or vbU

ARTI'CULATELY. adv. [from articulate.] dillinguifh them from laws, authorities, gar, are yet pleafmg, when and rc-
ofer.ly artlcjiy
In an articulate voice. citations, and the like, which are faid prefented. Ptpe.
to be inartifcial arguments. A'RTLESS.
The fecrct purpofe of our heart, nh' left art'icu- aaj. [from art and Iffs.]
Utily fpoken to God, who needs not our words to
ARTIFICIAL Lines, on a feftor or fcale, i. Unficilful ;
wanting art; fometimes with
iifceru our meaning.
Decay cf fitly arc lines fo contrived as to reprdcnt the the particle cf.
Tie;
 A S A S A S C
The W^-moed plowman, fliould he quit the j. According to what. 22. Anfvvering tofo conditionally.
land, Who then isPaul, and who
Apollos, but
\i So may th' aufpicious queen of love
Anltfs of itars, and of the moving fand. Dryd. minifters by whom ye believed, even as the Lord To thee, O facred (hip, be kind;

Void of fraud ; as, an artltfe maid. gave to every man. I Cor. As thou, to whom the mufe commend*
z.
Their figure being printed, The beft of poets and of friends,
3. Contrived without fkill ; as, an artlefs tale. Doft thy committed pledge rcftore.
As juft before, 1
think, hinted, I
ARUNDINA'CEOUS-. adj. \arundinactus, Alma inform'd can try the cafe. Prior.
23. Before ho-iu fometimes redundant;
it is
Of or like reeds. D13. The republick is (hut up in the great duke's
Lat.] but this is in low language.
ARUNDI'NEOUS. adj. ^arundinexs, Lat.] dominions, who at preient is very much incenfed As how, dear Syphax ? Addtfon's Cato.
againft it. The occafion is as follows.
Abounding with reeds.
24. It feems to be redundant before jitf;
Addljcn on Italy.
As. conjunft. [als, Teut.] to this time.
10. As it were ; in fome fort.
1. In the fame manner with fomething Though that war continued nine years, and this
As for the daughters of king Edward IV. they hath as yet lafted but fix, yet there hath been much
thought king Richard had faid enough for them ;
elfe.
When thou have been,
doft hear I am as I and took them to be but as of the king's party,
more action in the prefent war. Addifcr,.

Approach me, and thou (halt

be as thou waft. becaufe they were in his power, and at his difpofal. 25. In a fenfe of comparison, followed
Sbakffflart. Bacon's Henry VII. by/a.
In finging, as in piping, you excel ; As when a dab-chick wabbles through the copfe
1 1. While ;
at the fame time that.
And fcarceyrurmafti-r could perform fo well. Dryd. On feet and wings, and flics, and wades, and hops;
I live as I did, I think as I did, love you as
1
At either end, it whittled as it flew,
So laboring on, with fhoulders, hands, and head,
And as the brands were green, fo dropp'd the dew;
but thefe are ta r.o purpofe : the worl
1
1 did ;
all "Wide as a mindmill all his figure fpread.
Infected as of fau^uine hue.
it fell with fwe.it Pcpe*
will not live, think, or love as I do. Swift.
Dryden.
26. As FOR ; with refpedl to.
2. In the manner that. Thefe haughty words Alecto's rage provoke, As for the reft of thofe who have written againA
Mad as I was, I could not bear his fate
And frighted Turnus trembled as (he fpokc. me, they deferve not the lead notice.
With filent grief, but loudly blam'd the ft.itc.
Dryder. DryJen's Faifft, Preface.
Dryden's &r.c\d. So the pure limpid ftrcam, when foul with (tains
27. As IF in the fame manner that it
The landlord, in his Ihirt as he was, taking a Of rulhing and defcending rains,
;

canjk in one hand, anc a drawn fword in the other,

torrents, would be if.
Works itleif clear, and as it runs refines.
their questions, as i/"it were a mat-
Tentured out of the room. Arbutbnet and Pope. Anfwering
Addtfin's Cats. ter that needed it. Lvcke*
in a confequential fenfe.
3. That ; 12. Becaufe.
The cunnirgeft mariners were fo conquered by 28. As TO ;
with refpecl to.
He that commanded the injury to be done, is
me as
the ftorm, as they thought it beft with ftrickcn bound
I pray thee, fpeak to to thy thinkings,
firft then he that did it ; and they alfo are
be governed by it.
fai.s to yield to Stdvey.
;
As thou doft ruminate ; and give thy worft of
obliged who did fo aftift, as without them the
He had fuch a dexterous proclivity, as his teach- thoughts
Weiton. thing could not have been done. Taylor. The worft of words.
trs were fain to reftrain his foiwardnefs. Sbakefp, Otke/lo,
The relations are fo uncertain, as they require 13. Becaufe it is ; becaufe they are. They pretend, in general, to great refinements,
a great deal of examination. Bacsr. The kernels draw out of the earth juice fit to as to what regards Christianity. AJdijonon Italy,
God (ball by grace prevent fin fo foon, as to nourim the tree, as thofe that would be trees them- I was miftjken at to the day, placing that acci-
foul in the virginity of its innocence. felres. Bacon. dent about thirty-fix hours (boner than it
keep the firft happened.
Scuti. Swift.
14. Equally.
.4.
In the ftate of another. Before the place 29. As WELL AS ; equally with.
Madam, were I as you, I'd take her counfel ;
A hundred doors a hundred entries grace ;
Each man's mind has f^me peculiarity, as ivell
I'd fpeak my own diftrefs. As many voices iflue, and the found as his face, that diftinguifh.es him from all others.

A. Ptilifs, Diffrrji Mtlhrr. Of Sybil's words as many t:mes rebound. Drydeti. Luki.
adorned with admirable pieces of fculpture,
particular confideration ; with
It is
j. Under a 15. How; in what manner.
Men as tuell modern as ancient. Addijin tin Italy.
a particular refpeft. a:e generally
permitted to pub!i(h books,
Bfides that law which concerneth men men, and contradict others, and even thcrnfelvM, as they 30. As THOUGH; as if.

and that which belongs unto men as they are men, ^pieale, with as little danger of being cpjlfutsJ, as Thefe ihonld be at firil gently treated, as though
linked with others in fome fociety; there is a of being understood.
Byte. we expected an impofthumation. Sharp's Sstrg.
third which touches a 1 feveral bodies politick, f, to lite or fame. A'SA DULCIS. See BENZOIN.
16. With; anfwering
far forth at one of them hath publicit concerns
with another. Hooter's Ecc/ef. Polity.
Sifter, well met; whicher away fo taft ? A'SA FOETID J. \ a./. A gum or refirj
Dar'ft thou be as good as thy word now >
Upon the like devotion as yourfjlves,
To gtatulate the gentle princes trKre.
A SSA FOETID A.\ brought from the
Why, Hal, thou knowet, as thou art fci:t a Eaft Indies, of a fliarp tafte, and a
Shakefp. Richard III. ftrong
rr.':n, 1 dare; but as thou art a prince, 1 fear thec, offenfive fmell which is faid to diJtil,
u 17. In a reciprocal fenfe, anfwering to as. ;
I fear tiie roaring of ;hc lion's v-

SlH.i-ff. llnry IV. Every ott>nce committed in the ftate of nature, during the heat of dimmer, from a little
The objections that are raifctl a^. i:ift ic as a tra- may, in the ftate of nature, be alfo puniflled, and ftirub. Chambers.
gedy, are as follow. Cay's Prcf. tu lytat J? je tail it.
as r.ir fjr'.h as it may in a commonwealth. Loiie. ASARABA'CCA. n.f. [a/arum, Lat.] The
6. Like of the fame kind with. As fure as it is
good, that human nature (houfd
name of a plant.
;
fo certain it is, that the circular revolutions
A fimplc idea is one uniform idea, as f.vett,
exift;
of the earth and planets, rather than other motions ASBE'STINE. adj. [from ajltftcs.] Some-
bitter. Watts.
which might as pombly have been, do declare God. thing incombuftible, or that partakes of
7. In the fame degree with. the nature and qualities of the la
Bcr,tle\.
Where you, uulefs you areai matter blind, fit af-
ConduS andieaut^ous difpofirion find. Blac/tmre.
18. Going before a comparative
as, in befits.
i h.vl th' u Irolce , the blue-eyed maid replies, fenie ; the firft as being fometimes un- ASDE'SrOS. n.f. [^,,-CK] fort of na- A
Thoug'jcnloW man, lenevolentaj wife. Pope': Oa. deiftood. tive foffile ftone, which may be
fplit into
8. As if; according to the manner that S=:nnronius is as brave a man as Cato.
AJdiftn. threads and filaments, from one inch to
would be if. Bright as the fun, and like the morning fair. U-n inches in
1 he Gntnvilic. length, very fine, brittle,
Iquire began nigher to approach,
And wind his horn under the caftle-watl.
yet fomcwhnt traciahle, filky, and of a
19. Anfwering tofuch. It is almolt infipid to
That with tht noife it (hook as it wtnld fall. I t n'.t
evtiy man's intereft, that there fnould
greyilh colour.
,
Queer. be jy.b a goverr.our of the world as defigns our the tallc, indiilbluble in water, and
They all contended to creep int humour, > his happinsfs, as wojld govern us for our advantage ? endued with the wonderful property of
rut todo that, ts of themfcUes, which tSey cou-
he deftrcd Hiould do.
Tillotfon. remaining unconfumed in the fire. JJut
feivrd they
Cor:
Hayiuard. 20. Owing fo to anfwer it; in a condi- in two trials before :he
Royal Society, fl
tional lenfe.
He lies, as he hi blifs did k< piece of cloth made of this iione was
And to the wood no n. '. 7f .'.'rr.
As rar as th?y carry
li^,ht
and conviction to any found to lolc a dram of its weight each
r other man's u. dcrft.i:idirle;,/o far, 1 hope, my la-
high th: tumult rof:,
:
ault, fo time. This ftone is found in
b/ar
may be i.t u!e t > him. Lotltr. Arjgleley
A- all t'ie D
and Ar^oVr.k ...iar.
in Wales, and in Aberdeenfhire in Scot-
j-J^d been contracted ?n that narrow fpace. DrjJ. 21. So is lometimes undi-rltood.
Can milery no place of fdlVty know ? land. Chambers.
As I
.itions J have endeavoured to
The noife -
-hcwfoe'er 1
go, r.d
prejudice, 1 am (till dclirou'; ASCA RIDES, n.f. [ttneenjic., fromaja-
/fi fate foujlit oi.ly me. Dryd. Aurtitoc. I fame good in this particular,
Sfeclator. (>, to leap.] Little worms in the reftum,
 "A S C A S C ASH
with the fun or He tint preaches to man, fliould underftand
fo called from their continual trouble- Aries, which rif itar
in man ; and that (kill can force be at-
fome motion, cauling an intolerable itch- in a right fphere. is
Obl:q:te aletnjion tVmcd by an in his folitudes.
afcttick jlttertury.
an arch of the equator intercepted be- I' SCll.
ing. >iiincj. basnofengvlar. [from a,
n.f. It
To ASCE'ND. v. n. [afce>i<fo, Lat.J tween the firil point of Aries, and that without, and a-n*, a fhadow.] 'I'hofe
To move upwards to mount to rife. point of the equator
which rifcs together
people who, at certain times of the year,
1 . ; ;

Then to the heav'n of hea\'ns ihall he jfur.J, with a liar in an oblique fphere. have no fhadow at noon ; fuch are the
With vict.iry, triumphing tlirough the air ASCE'NSION-DAY. The day on which
Over his foes and thine. t.Kim. inhabitants of the torrid zone, becaufe
the afcenfion of our Saviour is comme-
2. To proceed from one degree of good they have the fun twice a year vertical
morated, commonly called Holy Thurf- to them. Di<3.
to another.
Bv thefe (reps we <hll afcctid
to more juft ideas
day ; the Thurfday but one before Whit- ASCI'TES. n.f. [from ie-x-, a bladder.]
of the glory of Jefus Chrirt, whu if intimately
funtide. A particular fpecies of dropfy ; a fwell-
united to God, and is one with him. ASCE'NSION ALD^TMrt, is the difference
ing of the lower belly and depending
H'atts's Improvement of tie Mind. between the right and oblique afcenfion
To ftand higher in genealogy. parts, from an extravafation and collec-
3. of the fame point to the furface of the tion of water broke out of its proper
The only inceft was in the offending, not colla-
Chambers.
teral branch ; as when parents and children mar- fphere. veflels. This cafe, when certain and in-
ASCE'NSIVE. In a ftate
ried, this was accounted inceft. adj. [from afcend.] veterate, univerfally allowed to admit
is
Drome's Nates on tte Odyffty. of afcent : not in ufe. of no cure but by means of the manual
To ASCE'ND. o>. a. To climb up any thing. The cold augments when the days begin to in-
the though the fun be then afcenjivt, and re-
operation of tapping. >uincy.
afcaid the mountains, they dcfcend
creafe,
They There arc two kinds of dropfy, the anafarca,
Delanry's Revelation exanintd. turning from the winter tropick,
leucophlegmacy, when
vallies, called alfb the extravafatcd
Brmuifs Vulgar Errours.
ASCE'ND ABLE. adj. [from afcenJ.'] That matter fwims in the cells of the membrana adi-
ASCE'NT. n.f. [n/anfus, Lat.]
may be afcended. Difi. pofa ; and the afcites, when the water pofl'effes the
Rife ; the aft of riling the aft of
cavity of the abdomen.
i ;
ASCE'NDANT. n.f. [from afcenJ."] .
Sharp's Surgery*

1 The part of the ecliptick at any parti-

.
mounting. ASCI'TICAL. 7 adj. [from a/cites.] Be-
with he To him
cular time above the horizon, which is
fwifta/irnrt up return'd, ASCI'TICK. J longing to an afcites ;
Into his blifsful bofom reaffum'd
dropfical hydropical.
fuppofed by aftrologers to have great Mihin. ;
In glory, as pf old.
When it is part of another tumour, it is hydro-
influence. z. The way by which one afcends.
pical, cither anafarcous or afc'itical. Wiftm. Surg*
2. Height ; elevation. The temple, and the feveral degrees of afccrt ASCITI'TIOUS.
as if it adj. [a/cititius, Lat.] Sup-
He was initiated, in order to gain infiruction in whereby men did climb up to the fame,
had been xfcala cteli, be all poetical and fabulous. plemental ; additional ; not inherent :
fciences that were there in their highcft ofindent.
But*- not original.
Temple
influence. It was a rock Homer lias been reckoned an afcititiom name,
3. Superiority ;
with one afcent from fome accident of his
Confpicuous far j winding life. Pope,
afcendant he had in his underftanding,
By the
Acceffible from earth, one entrance high. Hina,
and the dexterity of his nature, he could pcrfuade ASCRI'BABLE. adj. [from afcribe.~\ That
him veiy much. Clarendon. 3. An eminence, or high place. which may be afcribed.
Some (tar, I find, No land like Italy etccts the fight The greater part have been forward to reject it,
By fuch a vaft afcent, or fwells to fuch a height.
Has giv'n thee an jfcendant o'er my mind. Dryd, upon a miftaken perfuafion, that thofe phceno-
When they have got an afcaidani over them, mena are the effects of nature's abhorrency of a
they (hould ufe it with modeiation, and not make
A wide flat cannot be pleafant in the Elyliar
vacuum, which Icera to be more fitly .afcribatlc to
themfelves fcarecrow. Lvcbc fields, unlefs it be diverfified with depreffed valleys the wu^ht and fpring of the air. Boyle,
One of the degrees of kindred reckonec and fweUing afccnts. Benitey.
To ASCRl'BE. v. a.
4. [afa-ito, Lat.]
To ASCERTAIN, v.a.
[acertener, Fr.] 1. I'o attribute to as a caufe.
upwards.
The
moft nefarious kind of baftards, are incef- 1. To make certain ; to fix ; to eftabliflv The caufe of his baniftmcnt is unknown, be-
MTJS baftards, which are begotten between afcend- The divine law both aj.ertainnb the truth, and caufe he was unwilling to provoke the emperor, by
fupplieth unto us the
want of other laws. //:;*,
ants and defcendants in infiniti.it; j and between
tha afcriiiitg
it to
any other reaibn than what was pre-
collaterals, as far as the divine prohibition. Money differs from uncoined filvcr in this, tended. Dtj
the quantityof filver in each piece is ffctrUiM To this we may thofe jealoulies
Jly/ife's Parergon juflly afcribe
Lofte mankind uneafy
ASCE'NDANT. by the Itamp. and encroachments, svhicli render
adj.
1.
2. To make confident ; to take away to one another. Rogers.
Superiour ; predominant; overpower
doubt : often with of. 2. To attribute as a quality to perfons, or
ing. me th
Chrift outdoes Mofes, before he difplaccs him Right judgment of myfelf, may give accident to fubflance.
other certainty ; th.u is, afctrla'm me that I am ii
and (hews an aftendant fpirit above him. South Thefe perfections mud be fcmewhere, and there-
the number of God's children.
2. In an aftrological fenfe, above the ho fore may much better be afcribtd to God, in whom
Hammond's FraS'ical Cattcbifm
we fuppofe all other perfections to meet, than to
rizon. This makes us act with a repofe of mind an
elfe. Tillotfan.
Let him ftudy theconftellation of Hegafus, wh'ic any thing
wonderful tranquillity, becajfc it af.ertjia: us o
is about that time afteadant. Brawn'i Vulg. Err the goodnefs of our work. Drydtn't Dufrejny ASCRI'PTION. n.f. \_afcriptio, Lat.] The
ASCE'NDENCY. In ASCERTA'INER.. n.f. [from a/certain. acl of afcribing. Difl.
./. [from a/ccitd.]
fluence ; power. The that
perfon
or eftablifhes.
proves AsCRi'pTiTious.<y. \afcriftitius, Lat.]
Cuftom has fome afcendency over underdanding ASCERTAINMENT, That which is afcribed. Difl.
n.f. [from afcertain.
and what at one time feemed decent, appears dil
A fettled rule ; an eftablifhed ilandarc ASH. n.f. [fraxinus, Lat. aej-c, Saxon.]
agreeable afterwards.
ff'ati
For want oi ascertainment, how far a writer ma 1. A tree.
ASCE'NSION. n.f. [afcenfo, Lat.] for his country, innocen This hath pennated leaves, which end in an
exprefs his good willies tree
1. The adof afcending or rifing ; fre intentions may be charged with crimes. odd lobe. The male flowers, which grow at a re-
Lord Middlctin
quently applied to the vifible elevatio Sioift to mote diftance from the fruit, have no petals, but
of our Saviour to heaven. ASCE'TICK. adj. [i<rx>}l'x.] Employe confift of many (ramin.i. The ovary becomes a
feed-vcflcl, containing one at the bott-m,
Then rifing from his grave, wholly in exercifes of devotion and mor feed
Mtllir*
Spoil'd principalities, and pow'rs, triumph'd tificaticn. IhapcJ like a bird's tongue.
In open (hew; and, with affen/icn l>; \Vi:h which of old he charm'd the favage train,
None lived fuch long lives as monks and her
farad. Loj And cali'd the mountain ajhes to the plain. Dryd,
Captivity led car live through the air. to a conltant afcaic
rails, fequfftercd from plenty
a. The thing rifing, or mounting. courfc of the fevered abftinence and devotion. 2. The wood of the afh.
Menerr in the theory of inebriation, conceiv South Let me twine
ing the brain di>lh only fuffer from vaporous Mine arms aHout that body, where againft
n.f. He that retires
ASCE'TICK. to de
tcnjitas from the ftomach. Brctun's fiilg. E Mj grained cfi an hundred times hath broke,
is either righ
votion and mortification ; a hermit. And fcar'd the moon with fplintrrs.
ASCS'NSION, in allronomy,
1 nm far from commending thofe /..
Sbakcfp. Corio/jnus*
or oblique. Right afcenflon of the fun out of a pretence of keeping themfelves i
or a ftar, is that degree of the equinoc ASHA'MED. adj. [fiomflan;c.} Touched
from the ivoiiJ, take up their quarters in delarts
with fhame generally with of before
beginning o
;
tial, counted from the
the
 ASH ASK A S L
the caufe of fhame if a noun, and to if a ASI'DE. adv. [from a hvn unto the ether, whether there hath been

1. To one fide ; oat of the perpendicular

any fuch thing as this great thing is, or hath been
verb. heard like it. Deal. iv. 31.
Profcfs publickly the doctrine of Jefus Chrifl direction.
As K , ASH As, do all come from the Saxon
,
not being ajbamcd of the word of God, or (/any The itoim ruft'd in, and Arcite flood aghaft ;

z)-c, an aih tree. Gibfoii'i

Camdcn.
practices enjoined by
it. Tayhr's Holy Living. The flames wtre blown zfide, yet flione they bright
One would have thought fhe would have ftirr'd j Fann'd by the wind, and gave a ruffled light. ASKA'NCE.
but drove Dryden. ASKA'UNCE.
With modefty, and was ajharn'd to move. Dry Jin. 2. To another part ;
out of the true direc- Zelmane, keeping a countenance ajkance, as fhe
This I have (hadowcd, that you may not be tion. understood him not, told him, it became her evil.
whofe protection you under-
ejhamed of that hero, He had no brother ;
which though it be a com Sidney,
take. Dryden. it drawetl:
His wannifh eyes upon them bent ajkance,
fortable thing for kings to have, yet
And when he Jaw their labours well fucceed,
ASH-COLOURED, adj. [from ajh and r- the fubjedts eyes a little ajidt. Bacon.
He wept for rage, and threaten'd dire mifchance.
Iour.~\
Coloured betxveen brown and 3. From the company ; as, to fpeak ajide.
He took him Fairfax*
bark of an afhen branch. from the multitude.
grey, like the ajide
vii.
Some fay, he bid his angels turn ajiancc ,

Clay, afi -coloured, was part

of a (rratum which Msrt, 33. The dearth, twice ten degrees, and more,
po'es
i

lay above the

flrata of ftone. Jfc'tJn-ard cn'Fcffi!:. A'SINARY. adj. \ajinarius, Lat.] Belong From the fun's axle j they with labour puih'd
A'SHEN. adj. [from ajh.} Made of alh ing to an afs. Difl. Oblique the centrick globe. Milton,

wood. A'SINJNE. adj. [from a/tnus, Lat.]

Be- ASKA'UNT. ad-v. Obliquely; on one fide.
At once he and threw At this Achilles roll'd his furious ejes,
laid,
longing to an afs. Fix'd on the king and thus
. His ajaff fyear, which quiver'd as it flew.
DryJ. \ u (hall have more ado to drive our dulled
. ajtaunt ; replies,
O, impudent. Drydcn*
A'SHES. n.f. wants the ftngular. [aj-ca, yourh, our (locks and flubs from fuch nurture, tha: Since the fpace, thatlies on either fide
we have now to hale our choiceft and hopcr'ulletl
Sax. efcbe, Dutch.] The without limits wide,
folar orb, is
witi to that<i/HHf feaft of fuw-thiftles and bram-
Grant that the fun had happened to prefer
1. The remains of any thing burnt. bles. Milton.
Some would be left of it, as when ajbti
relicks
A fi-at
cjkaunt, but one diameter :
To ASK. <v. a.
[afcian, Saxon.] Loft to the light by that unhappy place,
remain of burned bodies. P'gfy " B-.di:s.
This late diflenfion, grown between the peers, 1. To petition fometimes with
; to beg :
This globe had lain a frozen luamome mafs.
of Blackmore.
Burns under feigned ajhti forg'd love, an accufative only ; fometimes with_/"w.
And will at laft break out into a flame. \V hen thou doll me bltjjing, I'll kneel aown A'SKER. n.f. [from ajk."\
aJJt
Sbaktfp. Henry VI. And ajk of thecforgrventfi. Sbakefftare.
I. Petitioner.
AJba contain a very fertile fait, and are the bed We have nothing elfe to ajk, but that Have you
rrunore for cold lands, if kept dry, that the rain Which you dery already yet will ajk, : Ere now denied the ajkirf and now again
!h away thsir fait. Morlimer't Hujb.
Thar, if we fail in our requclr, the blame On him that did not afk, but mock, beitjw. .
2. The remains of the
often ufed body ; May hang upon your hardn---la. Skakefptart, Sbakefpearc.
in poetry for the carcafe, from the an- In long journies, ajk your mafler have t" ^,\ The greatncfs of the after, and the fmallnefs of
ale to the horfes. .Vi:-,>'. the thing alked, had been furficient to enforce his
cient practice of burning the dead.
Poor key-cMd figure of a holy king !
2. To demand ; to claim: as, to aft a requcfl. S-jiitb.

z.
Pale ajbft of the huufe of Lancaster !
price for goods. Enquirer.
we may conclude,
Thou bloodlefs remnant of that royal blo'.d !
djk me never fo much dowry and gift, and I Every ajker being f.uisfied,
that all their conceptions of being in a place are
Stateffeare.
\\\\\give according as ye fhall fay unto me: but
To the fame.
great Laertes I bequeath give me the damfel to wife. Gentjis t xxxiv. 12. Di$l>y of Bodies.
A talk of grief, his ornaments of death ; He faw his friends, who, whclm'd beneatli the A'SKER. A water newt.
n.f.
when the fates his royal ajha claim, ASKE'W.
Left, wave;, [from a andy&r-w.] Afide
ad<v. ;
The Grecian matrons taint ttiy fpotlcfs name. Their funeral honours claim'd, and ajk'd their
with contempt.
Pope. quiet graves. Dryden i JEneid- For when ye mildly look with lovely hue,
A'SHLAR.*./ [with mafons.] Free ftones 3. To queftion. Then is
my foul with life and love infpir'd :
as they come out of the quarry, of dif O inhabitant of Aroer, (land by the way and But when ye lowrc, or look on me ajkeui,
him that flieth, and her that efcapcth Then do 1 die.
ferent lengths, breadths, and thick- efpy, ajk ;
Spcnfcr.
and fay, what is done ?
ycremiit, xlviii.
rj. Then take it, Sir, as it was writ,
neiles.
4. To enquire ; with before the thing. Nor look ajkciu at what it faith j
A'SHLEERINC. .
/ [with builders.] He
after
faid, wherefoi-e is it that thou doll ajk after
There's no petition in it. Prior.
Quartering in garrets, about two foot my name? And he blefled him there. To ASLA'KE. <v . a.
[from a zn&JIaltc, or
and a half or three foot high, perpendi- Gine/ii, xxxii. 29. To remit to mitigate ; to flac-
Jlack.~\ ;

cular to the floor, and

reaching to the 5. To require, as phyfically neceflary. ken. Obfolete.
under fide of the rafters. As it is a great point of art, when our matter But this continual, cruel, civil war
1 requires it, to enlarge and veer out all fail j fo tc No c*n (lint, nor rcafon can ajlaltc.
fkill
BmlJer' ! Difi. take it in and contract it, is no lefs prail'c when the
Sptnfcr.
Whilfl feeking to ajlaki thy raging fire,
ASHO'RE. adv. [from a and Jhorc.] argument doth ajk it. Ben Jcnjon. Thou in me kindled much more great delire.
1. On more ; on the land. A lump of ore in the bnttim of a mine will be
Spenfrr,
The ro"r Engiifliman riding in the road, having by two men's flrengih; which, if you bring
ftirred
ASLA'NT. adv. [from a and Jlant.~\ Ob-
a'.l that he brought thither
ajhcn, would have been
it to the top of the earth, will
ajk
fix men to (lir it.

unrf Bacon. liquely ; on one fide ; not perpendicu-

Raieigb.
2. To the (bore ; to tTie land. The
adminiftration pifTes into different hands larly.
We may as bootlefi fpend our v.iin command,
at tiic end of two months, which contributes to There is a willow grows afljnl a brook,
A-, lend our precepts to the leviathan difpatch : but any exigence of (fate a much ajks
That (hews his hoar leaves in the glafl'y Itream.
To come ajhort. V. longer time to conduit any dclign to its maturity. Sbatffpfare'i Hamlet.
Sbakifp. I!ti:>j
May thy billows rov/l a/hore Add'^n. He fell ;
the (haft
The beryl, and the To ASK. Drnvc thro' his neck he fpurns the ground,
gulden ore. Millet's Ct,mut. >v. n. ajlant ;
Moor'd Chian creek, And the foul ilfues through the weazon's wound.
in a
ajhort
I went,
1 . To petition ; to beg : with for before
And all the
following night in Chios i\ 'ft. Drydcn*
the thing.
Addon's CviJ. ASLF.'F. p. ad-u. [from a and Jleep."\
My fon, haft thou finned ? do fo no more, but
I. at reft.
ASHWE'DNESDAY. n.f. The firft day of ajk pardon/or thy former fins. Ecclus, xxi. I. Sleeping ;
he ajk for bread, will he give him a (lone ?
How many thoufrnds of my poorefl fubjecls
Lent, fo called from tpe ancient cuftom It
Are at this hour ! O
Mart. vii. ajletp gentle IVep,
of fprinkling aflies on the head. 9. how have
Nature's foft nurfc, 1 frighted thec !

A'SHWEED. n.f. 2. To make enquiry with/or or of before

[from ajh and
;
weed.'} Sbakejpeari.
An herb.
the thing. To enquire. The diligence of trade, and noifeful gain,
Stand yc in the ways, and fee, and ajk for the And luxury more late ajleep were laid :

A'SHY. adj. [from ajh.'] Am-coloured ; old paths, where is the good way, and walk therein, All was the night's, and in her filent reign,
pale ; inclining to a whitifh_grey. and ye fhall find reft for your fouls, jfercm. vi. 16. No fou/id the reft of nature did invade. Dryrtrrt.
'
ve I feen a ti^'y parted gholl F it njk now of the days that are palt, which There is no difference between a peifon ajlt<f> t
Of njly
,

It.Tiblance, meagre, pale, and biondlcfs. were ber.jr** thee, fince the day that God created and in an apoplexy, but that the one can be awa-
Sbaltfjptare. man upon ilie earth, and ajk from the one fide of ked, untjth" other cannot. jLliutbnM on Out.
VOL. I.
Q z. To
 ASP ASP ASP
2. To deep.
Then ftall thy Craggi (and let me call Ian- To A'SPERATE. -v. a. [afpero, Lat.] To
If a nun watch too long, it il odds fciit he will mine)
roughen ; to make rough
or uneven.
Bacon' i EJJays. On the cad ore another Pollio fhinej Thole corpufclcs of colour, infmuaiing them-
leep.
Thu4 done the tales, to bed they creep, With affeU cpen (hall erect his head. fife. felvw into all the pores of the body tJ be dyed,
Clarice view aft of beholding.
By whifpcring winds foon lull'd ajlerp. Miltcn. 3. ; ;
may afptratt
it.,
lupcificies, according Co the big-
Fairer than faired, in his faining eye, tex.ure of the corpufcles.
[from a unAJIopc."] With
i:.d
ASLO'PE. tiJ-j. By/t.
Whole he counts felicity.
fole jl'feft Sftrfcr. ASPERA'TION. ;/. f. [from a/ferate."] A
declivity ; obliquely ; not perpendicu- When an cvious or an amorou- afftS doth in-
making rough. Difl.
larly. fect the fpirits of another, there is joined both af-
Sc: them not upright, but fijlafe,
a reafonable fection and iniag'nuinn. Bac:n's Natural Hi/1. ASPE RIFO'LIOUS. adj. [from offer, rough,
depth under the ground. Bann. Direction towards any point ; view ;
and folium, a leaf, Lat.] One of the
4.
The curfe tjl'.pe diviiions of plants, fo called from the
Clanc'd on the ground j with bbour I mud earn pofition.
The
been w fctting fun roughnefs of their leaves.
My bread : what harm ? Idlcnefs had >r(.- :

Slowly defccmtcd ;
and with right afftS ASPE'RITY.
My labour will fuftain me. Miltui. n.f. [afferitai, Lat.]
Againd the caftcrn gntc of ParaJife
The
knijht did ftoo-- Levell'd his ev'nini: I,
1. Unevennefs; roughnefs of furface.
Pjraelife oft.
And fjte on further fide ajlope* HuJibras.
fouth
Sometimes the pores and afperitiei of dry bodies
Ihave built a ftrong wjl, faced to tiic
and are fo incommensurate to the particles of the li-
ASO'MATOUS. adj. [from a, priv. affrf! with brick. Swift.
quor, that they glide over the furface. Style.
oupa,, a body.] Incorporeal, or with- .
Difpofttion of any thing to fomething
out a body.
5
relation.
2.
Roughnefs of found ; harlhnefs of pro-
elfe ;

Asp. ?/ A kind of
["fpi>> Lat.]
The light got from the oppofite arguings of men
of parts, (hewing the different fides of things, and 3.
nunciation.
Roughnefs or ruggednefs of temper ;
A'SPICK.J ferpent, whofe poifon kills their various afpcSt and probabilities, would be morofenefs ; fournefs ; crabbednefs.
without a poflibility of applying any re- to fay after the The charity of the one, like kindly exhalations,
quite loft, if every one were obliged
medy. It is faid to be very fmall, and fpeaker.
Locke. will defcend in (bowers of Mefiings ; but the ri-

peculiar to Egypt and Libya. Thofe 6. Difpofition of a planet to other planets. gour and afpir'ay of the other, in a fevere doom
that are bitten by it, die within three There's fome ill planet reigns, upon ourfelves. Government of tbt Tongue.
mud be patient till the heavens look Avoid all unfeemlinefs and ajfiriry of carriage
hours ; and the manner of their dying I ;

do nothing that may argue a peevifli or froward

With an ajpeft more favourable.
being by fleep without any pain, Cleo- Sbaktfp. Wmttr*i Tale. fpirit. Rogers,
patra chofe it. Calmet. ASPERNA'TION. n.f.
Not unlike that which aftrologers call a con- [afpernalio, Lat.]
Hi^h-minded Cleopatra, that with ftroke junction of planets, of no very benign affefl the Negleft; difregard. Dia.
Of a'f's fting hcrfelf did kill. Fairy Qyten. one to the other. ffotton.
A'SPEROUS.
Scorpion, and afp, and amphilbzna dire, To (he blank moon adj. [affer, Lat.] Rough;
And dipfas. Milton. Her office they prcfcrib'd to th' other five :
uneven.
Black and white are the mod afferous and une-
As", n.f. A tree. See ASPEN. Their planetary motions, and affctfs,
qual of colours; fo like, that it is hard to diftin-
In fextile, fquare, and trine, and oppofite.
JSPA'LATHUS. n.f. [Latin.] Puradife Loft. guiflj them black is the moft rough.
:
Beyle,
1. A plant called the rofe of Jerufalem, or does not every (ingle dar (hed a feparate To ASPE'RSE. v. a. To
Why [afpirgo, Lat.]
our lady's rofe. influence, and have afptfls with other (tars of their befpatter with cenfure or calumny.
2. The wood of a prickly tree, heavy, ole- Bcnile-fs own conftellacion ? Sermons. In the bufinefs of Ireland, bdides the opportu-
To ASPE'CT. i/. a. \afpicla, Lat.] To be- nity to affcrft the king, they were fafe enough.
nginous, fomewhat (harp and bitter to
hold : not ufed. Clarendon*
the tafte. A'palatbus affords an oil of Curb that impetuous tongue, nor raflily vain,
admirable fcent, reputed one of the bed Happy in their miftake, thofe people whom And fingly mad, ofpfrfe the fov'reign reign. Pope*
The northern pole afpeUi ; whom fear of death
perfumes. Chambers. Unjuftly poets we afperfe,
(The greateft of all human fears) ne'er moves. Truth
gave a fweet fmsll like cinnamon and afpala-
I
Temple.
(hincs the brighter clad in verfe.
Swift*
tlu, and I yielded a pleafant odour like the bed ASPE'CTABLE. ASPE'RSION. n.f. \afperfa, Lat.]
aJj. [afpeflatilis, Lat.]
myrrh. Ecclut. xxiv.
Vifible ; being the objeft of
fight.
1 . A fprinkling.
ASPA'RACUS. n.f. [Lat.] The name of He caufe of this aJpeHaile and
was the fole
If thou doft break her virgin knot, before
All fanctimonious ceremonies,
a plant. It has a rofaceous flower of fix perceivable univerfal. Raleigh.
To this ufe of informing us what is in this No fweet a/perfiom (hall the heav'ns let fall,
leaves, placed orbicularly, out of whofe To make this contract grow*
affiffaile world, we (hall find
the eye well fitted. Sbakcffegrt.
centre rifes the pointal, which turns to It exhibits a mixture of new conceits and old,
Ray on the Creaticn.
a foft full of hard feeds. whereas the indauration givi-s the new unmixed,
globular berry, ASPE'CTION. Behold-
Milltr. n.f. [from a/fe<3.] otherwife than with fome little afpcrfmn of the old,
ing ; view. for tafte's fake. - Bjcon,
affects the urine with a fetid fmell,
dfparagvs
when they
A
Moorish queen, upon afpe&ion of the picture 2. Calumny; cenfure.
efpccially if cut white; and there-
are
of Andromeda, conceived and brought forth a
fore ha7c been fufpccted by fome phyfichns, as
The fame afperjions of the king, and the fame
fair one. Brvuir..
not fricnJly to the when grounds of a rebellion. Drydt-r*
kidneys they are older,
:

nd begin t ramify, they lofe this quality ; but AS'PEN, or ASP. n.f. [efpe, Dutch; off, ASPHA'LTICK. adj. [from afpbaltos.]
thtn they are not fo agreeable. Dan. eppe, trembling, Sax. Somner.~\ Gummy ; bituminous.
Artuibnet en Aliments. See POPLAR, of which it is a fpecies. And with ajpbalikk (lime, broad as the gate,
A'SPECT. n.f. [afpeSui, Lat. It
ap- The leaves of this tree always tremble. Deep to the roots of hell, the gather'd beach
They f.iften'd. Milton.
pears anciently to have been pronounced afpen or afp tiee'hath leaves much the fame
The
with the accent on the laft fy liable, which
with the poplar, only much fmaller, and not fo ASPHA'LTOS. n.f. [atrpaXroc, bitumen.]
is now placed on the firft.]
white. Mortimer. A black, bituminous, in-
folid, brittle,
The builder oak fole king of foreds all, flammable fubftance, refembling pitch,
i. Look; air; appearance. The afpen, gsod for llatues, the cyprefs funeral.
hive prcfented t!ic tongue under a double afpefl,
I
and chiefly found fwimming on the fur-
Sptnftr.
fuch as may judify the definition, that it face of the Lacus Afpkaliitcs, or Dead
ti<. i

A'SPEN. adj. [from a/for

afpen. ]
beft and word part. Government of the 1\n^ut. Sea, where anciently ftood the cities of
1. Belonging to the afp tree.
They are, iu my judgment, the image or j
Oh ! had the monfter teen thofe lily hands Sodom and Gomorrah. It is call up in
of a great ruin, and have the tnie affeff of a w r!J
rubbifh.
Tremble like often leaves upon a lute. Sbak'fp. the of liquid pitch, from the
nature
lying in its Surnet's Theory.
No
gale diiturbs the trees, bottom of this fea ; and, being thrown
3. Countenance ; look. Nn- ,
>
mfefs the gentled bieczc. Cay.
Thofe eyes ^1 shine from mine have drawn fait 2. Maae of a(pen wood. upon the water, fwims like other fat bo-
tears, dies, and condenfes gradually.
A"SPER. Rough rugged.
Sham'd their afeffiviith ftore of childidi drops. adj. [Lat.] ;
ASPHA'LTUM. ./. [Lat.] A' bituminous
This word I have found only in the fol-
State/peart', Ri.-bardin. Hone found near trie ancient Babylon,
I m
fearful : wherefore frowns he thui. ?
lowing paffkge. and lately in the province of Neufcha-
Tis his aftid of terrour. All's not well. Shattff. All bale notes, or very treble notes, give an
Vet had his afptt! nothing of fevere, for that the bafe ilrikcth more air tel ; which, mixed with other mattera,
affer found ;

But iiu.b a face as p.-onus'd him lincetn Drjdtn. t!iua it cau well (Irike equally. ^i :n. makes an excellent cement, incorrupti-
ble
 ASP ASS ASS
b'.cby air, and impenetrable by water ; .
n.f. [from a/fire.] One that are thickets or coverts of the foreft, and

fuppofed to be the mortar fo much cele- ambitioufly ftrives to be greater than by making them as plain as arable land.
brated among the ancients, with which he is. Coivf/l.
the walls of Babylon were laid. Chamb. They ween'd To ASSA'RT. <u. a. \ejjartir, Fr.] To com-
To win the mount of God and on his throne
mit an aflart. See ASSART.
A'SPHOD;;L. n.f. \JHio-afphoJeluj, Lat.] To fet the envierof his
;

proudftate, the
Day-lily. Ajfbadel were by the an- : but their thoughts prov'd fond and vain. ASSA'SSIN. 7 n.f.
[a/affin,
Fr. a word
dfpirer
cients planted near burying-places, in Milla. ASSA'SSIN ATE. brought originally from
J
order to fupply the manes of the dead AJPORTA'TION. n. f.
[afportatio, Lat.] Afia, where, about the time of the holy
with nouriihment. A carrying away. DiQ. war, there was a fet of men called af-
By thofe happy fouls who dwell . adv.
[horn a and/quint.] Ob- fnffins, as is fuppofed for Arfacidce, who
In yellow meads of afptcrlef. Pope.
liquely ; not in the rtraight line of vifton. killed any man, without regard to dan-
A'SPICK. n.f. [See ASP.] The name of A fingle guide may direct the way betTcr than command of their chief.] A
ger, at the
a ferpent. five hundred, who have contrary views, or look
murderer one that kills
; by treachery,
Why did I
'fcape th' inv'enom'd afpiii's rage, afqu'mt, or fliut their eyes. Swlfr. or rudden violence.
And all the fiery monfters of the ciefart, Ass. n.f. Lat.]
\_ofintis, In the very moment a; the knight withdrewfrom
To fee this day ? Mtiifix. 1. An animal of burden, remarkable for the duke, this ajj'.tjjinate gave him, with a back
To A'SPIRATE. -v. a. [a/fin, Lat.] To
fluggifhnefs, patience, hardinefs, coarfe- blow, a deep wound into his left fide. Jf'cttm*
pronounce with afpiration, or full breath; nefs of food, and long life. The Syrian king, wha, to furprize
we afpirate
as horfe, houfe, and bog. You have among you many a purchas'd flave, One man, aflaflin like, had levy'd war, "

To A'SPIRATE. -v. n. To Which, an ^ dog? and mules,

War unproclaim'd. Mtltctt,
\afpiro, Lat.] like your
Jffcti yur
be pronounced with full breath. You uie in abject and in flaviih part, The old king is juft murdered, and the perl'on

Becaufe you bought them. that did it is unknown, Let the foldlers feize
Where a'vowel ends a word, the next begins ei- Sbakffpeare.
him one of the me
ther with a confooant, or what is its
equivalent ;
2. A ftupid, heavy, dull fellow ; a dolt.
accufe
for
him afterwards.
ejjijpniiies,
and ler alone to

for our w
and b njplrete. Drydtn. I do begin to perceive that I am made an aft,
Here
Drj,ttn.
hir'd tiffJjtns for their gam invade,
A'SPIRATE. adj. \_afpiratus, Lat.] Pro- Sbakeffeare. And treach'rous pois'ners urge their fatal trade.
nounced with full breath.
That fuch a crafty mother
Creech*
Should yield the world to this aft .'a woman that
For their being pervious, you may call them, if
Bears a'l dosvn with her brain ; and yet her fon
When (he hears of a murder, (he enlarges more
you pleaff, perfpirate ; but yet they are not affi- on the guilt of the fuffering perfon, than of the
Cannot take two from twenty, for his heart,
\. e. with fuch an Haaer.
rate, afpiration as b. '

Addifa.
And leave eighteen. tlfeare,
ajfejjiij.
ASPIRA'TION. n.f. \afpiratio, Lat.] Oreftes brandifh'd the revenging fword,
To ASSATL. v. a. \a/ailltr t Fr.]
1. A breathing after; an ardent wiih :
To attack in a hoftile
Slew the dire pair, and gave to fun'ral flame
ufed generally of a wilh for fpiritual
1. manner; to af- The vile aflaff.tiy and adult'rous dame.
Pope.
fault ; to fall upon ; to invade. Ufeful, we grant, it fcrves what life requires,
bleffings. So when he (AW his flattering arts to fail, But, dreadful too, the dark ajfajjin
hirvs. Pope.
A foul infpiredwith the warmeft ^jraf;': HI after With Ass A'SSIN AT E. n.f. [from njjujjin,} The
greedy force he 'gan the fort t' affjil.
celeftial beatitude, keeps its
powers attentive.
Walls.
talry S^iiteti. crime of an afTaffin ; murder.
2. To attack with argument ; cenfure Weie not ail aj/jj/inatet and popular infurrec-
2. The aft of afpiring, or defiring fome-
or motives applied to the paffions.
;

tions wrongfully chaftifed, if the mcannefs of the

thing high and great. My gracious lord, here in the parliament offenders indemnified them from punifhment ?
'Tis he ;
I ken Uie manner of his gait ; Let us the family of York.
ajj'ail Skakifpcare. Pope.
He on
rifes his toe ;
that fpirit of his She will not ftay the fiege of loving terms, To ASSA'SSIN ATE. v. a. [from ctJJ~aJJin.~\ r

Intfarftim lifts him from the earth. Sbakefpeare. Nor bide th* encounter of offailing eyes. Sbakefp. 1. To murder by violence.
3.
The pronunciation of a vowel with full How have I fear'd your f.ite but fear'd it moft, !

Help, neighrnurs, my houfe is broken open by

breath. When love a/fail' J you on the Libyan coaft. Dryd.
force, and I am ravilhed, and like to be affirfSaitecL
H is
only a guttural afpirjtan, \. e. a more for- All books he reads, and all he reads affail:,
Dry din .
cible impulfe of the breath from the lungs. Holder. From Dryden's Fable; down to y's Tales. Popt. D What could provoke thy madnefs
To ASPl'RE. v. In vain Thalertri; with reproach affails;
n. [a/piro, Lat.] To ajjnjfmate fo great, fo brave a man ?
Philips.
For who can move when fair Belinda fails ? P f'pe.
I . To defire with eagernefs ; to pant after 2. To way-lay ; to take by treachery. This
ASSAI'LABLE. adj. [from ajfail,~\ That
fomething higher: fometimes with the which may be attacked. meaning is perhaps peculiar to Milton.
Such your honourable lords
ul.igc as
particle fo.
Moft excellent no cxpeftatmn in others, Banquo, and his Fleance, lives.
Afr'orJ me, and betray'J,
<.~{fi.ffmatid
lady, But in them nature's copy 's not eternal.
nor hipe in himf'-lf, could afpire to a higher mark, Who tfurft not, with your whole united pow'r!,
There's comfort yet, they are ajjaikblc. fiateC/i. In fight withfland one iingle and unann'ii. M;lten.
tlun to be thought worthy to be pra'ifcd by you.
ASSA'ILANT. n.f. \_ajjalllant, Fr.] Ha ASSASSI N A'TION. n.f. [from ajfitflinati.]
Sidney*
His father's grave counfellors, by whofe means that attacks ; in oppofition to defendant. The act of aiTaffinating ; murder by vio-
he ha 1 ajpir^d to the kingdom, he cruelly tortured. The fame was fo well encountered by the de-
lence.
Jfroftf. fendants, that the obftinacy of th<: (ifliilar.ti dij
It were done quickly, if th'
Hence but incteafj the ajfaffmat'an
fnrings thnt univerfal ftrong defire,
1 . .
llayivard. Coul J trammel up the conftquencc. Sbakefpeare.
Which men
have of immortality :
all I'll
put m>f '( in p^or and mean attire,
Not fume few fpirits unto this thought And with a kin i of umber fmirch my face, The duke fmilh'U his courfe by a wicked off'.Jji-
aff-tre t
raficn. Clarendon.
But all men's min.ls in this united be. Davits. The like d<> you ; fo fliall we pals ai

IT are did ne'er afpirt to epic bays : And never Mir v/Jlii/iints.
ASSASSINA'TOR.. n.f. \tm\T\aflaJJinate.~\
Nor lofty Maro Hoop to lyrick Uy.,. R'fitmaicn. ASSA'ILANT. atfj. Attacking; invading. Murderer; mankiller ; the peribn that
Till thn a helpJel"-, lir>pelefs, homely fwain ; Ami as ev'ning dragon came, kills another by violence.
I f
aght n 't freedom, nor afpir'J tc
gain. Drytfy*. Sffiiilant
the perche-l i>n r
ASSA'TION. n. f. [afflitus, roafted, Lat.]
';r.g
to be gods, if angels ftT, Or' tame vUlaticK fowl. Milton.
; . men rebel. Pipe- ASSA'ILER. One who Reading.
n.f. [from pj/iiil.] The egg expiring lefs in the clixation or boiling ;
I* Sometimes with after. attacks another. whereas, in the affJti'M or roafting, it will fomc-
-\>: are raifed above fenfr, and r
trfpire (if;
I,
fo purfued our ajailcrs, that times abate, a drach'.n. Brtnvifs I'ulgar Errairt,
imn, i believe the perpetual >

one him.
Us.
<i
Sidney. ASSA'ULT. n.f. [a/ault, French.]
Tiil'^frn. A?SAPA'NICK. .
f. A
little animal of
Attack hoftile oniet
There is none of us but who would !>e thought, 1. ; :
oppofed to t/t*
rhe whole couife of his lite, to
cfpirr Virginia, which is faid to fly by ftretch-
fence.
after immortality* Atttrlury. ing out its moulders and its fkin, and is Her fpirit had been invincible againft all

3. To rLfc ; to tower. called in Englifh the flying fquirrel. of affeclion. Sha

There is betwixt th ir fmllr we would
afpire to t frtvHtx. Not to be fliook thyfelf, but all affaultt
.vcet alpecl of princes and our ruin, Ea.iling, like th/ hoar cliffs the loud fea wave.
ASSA'RT. a./, [rjfort, from effarter, Fr.
'.

More pangs and fears than war or women have. Tbomfatt,

to clear away wood in a
forelh]
An of- 2. Storm w Jiege.
:
oppofed \ofap
foment the fence committed in the forcli, by pluck- men, and fud-
Jjfon took at lead a thoufiuul
ii
fire,

..i^k us fancy can efyre* Wa/'rr, ing up thofe woods by the roots, that dcnly mule an a/fault upon the city. 1 Mat. v. 5.
Q^i A/ter
 ASS ASS ASS
After fome day fiege, he refolved to try the 2. To apply to, as the touchftone in a ASSENTA'TION. n. f. [aftntatio, Lat.]
fortune of an tffault : he fucceeded therein fo far,
that he had taken the principal tower and fort.
ing metals. Compliance with the opinion of another
Whom thus afflifted when fad Eve beheld, out of flattery or diffimulation. Di.'f.
Baton.
Defolate where (he fat, approaching nigh, ASSE'NTMENT. n.f. [from affcnt.] Con-
3. Hoflile violence. Soft words to his fierce paflion (he affay'd. Milton.
Thcmfelves at difcord fell, fent.
And 3. To try ; to endeavour. Their arguments are but precarious, and fubfifl
combat join'd in middle fpace,
cruel
David girded his fword upon his armour, and
With horrible tffault and fury fell. Fairy Quctn. upon the charity of our ojftnimentt.
he ajfaytd to go, for he had not proved it. Bi vwn i Vulgar Errouri*
4. Invafion ; hoilility ; attack. I Sam.xvii. 39.
To ASSE'RT. v. a. [a/ero, Lat.]
After fome unhappy a/faults ufcn the prerogative
ASSA'YER. n.f. [from affay.] An officer
by the parliament, which produced its diflblution,
of filver,
1. To
maintain ; to defend either by
of the mint, for the due trial
there followed a compofure. Clarendon. words or aftions.
Theories, built upon narrow foundations, ar: appointed between the matter of the Your forefathers have afftrltd the party which
very hard to be Supported againft the c.Jfaults of op- mint and the merchants that bring they chofe till death, and died for its defence.

pofiiion. Lcckt. filver thither for exchange. Ccnuell. Drjdt*.

5. In law. A
violent kind of injury of- The fmelters come up to the affayeri within one 2. To affirm ; to declare pofitively.
fered to a man's perfon. It may be in twenty. froodward on FoJJih. To claim to vindicate a title to.
3. ;
committed by offering of a blow, or by ASSECTA'TION. n.f. [affeflatio, Lat.] Nor can
the groveling mind,
a fearful fpeech. C.oiuell. Attendance, or waiting upon. Difl. In the dark dungeon of the limbs confin'd,
6. It has upon before the thing a/Faulted. ASSECU'TION. n.f. [from ajjequor, affe- sljjcrt
the native (ties, or own its heav'nly kind.
Drydta,
To ASSA'ULT. -v. a. [from the noun.] To cutum, to obtain.] Acquirement ; the ASSE'RTION.
aft of obtaining. n.f. [from oflcrt.]
attack ; to invade ; to fall upon with 1. The aft of aflerting.
violence. By the canon law, a perfon, after he has been in
full poffeflionof a fecond benefice, cannot return 2. Pofition advanced.
The king granted the Jews to gather themfelves If any affirm the earth doth move, and will
again to his firft ; becaufe it is immediately void
together, and Co (land for their life, to deltroy all not believe with us it (tandeth dill, becaufe he
by his afficutim of a fecond. Ai!\fffi Partrgm.
the power that would affjult them. F.Jlb. viii. 1 1.
ASSE'MBLACE. hath probable rcafons for it, and I no infallible
Before the gates the cries of babes new-born, n.f. \_ajjemllagt, Fr.]
fenfe or reafon againtl it, I will not quarrel with
Whom fate had from their tender mothers torn, 1. A colleftion ; a number of individuals
his a{fertion. Brown's Vulgar Erraun.
Ajfauh his ears. Dryd.n. brought together. It differs from af- ASSE'RTIVE. [from a/ert.] Pofitive j
New curfcdfteel, and more accurfed gold,
adj.
fembly, by being applied only, or chiefly,
Cave mifchief birth, and made that mifchief bold : dogmatical ; peremptory.
to things ; affembly being ufed only, or He was not fo fond of the principles he under-
And double death did wretched man invade,
generally, of' perfons. took to as to bsaft their
By (reel ajfiulttd, and by gold betray'd. Dryden. iiluftratc, certainty ;

AH that we amafs together in our thoughts is propofing them not in a confident and
ASSA'ULTER. n.f. [from aflaitlt.~\ One aflertiiie
pofitive, and the affemblagc of a great number of form, but as probabilities and hypothefes. Gl^r.-c.
who violently aflaults another. pofitive ideas of fpace or duration. Locke. ASSK'RTOR. n. f. Main-
Neither liking their eloquence, nor fearing their
[from a/firt.]
2. The ftate of being afTembled. tainer ; vindicator ; fupporter ; afiirmer.
might, we efteemed few fwords, in a juft defence, O Hartford, fitted or to (hine in courts Among th'
ajjcrttn
of free reafon's chiim,
able to refift many unjult ajaultcn. Sidney. With unafl'efted grace, or walk the plains Our natijn's not the leaft in worth or fame. Dryfa
ASSA'Y. n.f. [f/aye, Fr. from which the With innocence and meditation join'd Faithful ajfcrtor of thy country's caufe,
ancient writers borrowed ajjay, accord- In foft aflimblazc, liften to my fong !
Tbomfan. Britain with tears ih^ll bathe thy glorious wound.

ing to the found, and the latter ejjfay,

To ASSE'MBLE. -v. a.
[afimUtr, Fr.] Prior.

according to the writing ; but the fenfes

To bring together one place. It is
into It isan ufuat piece of art to undermine the

ufed both of perfons and things. authority of fundamental truths, by pretend

now differing, they may be confidered (hew how weak the proofs are,which their c_
And he (hall fetup an enfign for the nations, and
as two words ] employ in defence of them. Atttbrnry.
(hall ajfcmblc the outc.i(ls of Ifrael, and gather to-
1. Examination ; trial.
gether the difperfed of Judah. Ifalab, xi. 12.
To ASSE'RVE. v. a. [cjfervio, Lat.] To
This cannot be He wonders for what end you have aflan/>tcJ ferve, help, or fecoiid. Di<2.
By no ajfay of reafon. 'Tis a pageant, Such troops of citizens to come to him.
To
Sbakffp. To ASSE'SS. <!/. a. [from a/cjlarc, Ital.
keep us in falfe gaze. Sbakeffeare. To ASSE'MBLE. <v. n. To meet together. make an
2. In law. The examination of meafures Thefe men ajfimblid, and found Daniel praying.
to equilibrium, or balance.]
and weights ufed by the clerk of the Danid. To charge with any certain Ann.
Befjre the receipt of them in this office, they
market. Coiuell. ASSE'MBLV. n.f. [aj/emblee, Fr.] A com-
were afftjfcd by the affidavit from the time of the
3. The firft entrance upon any thing ; a pany met together. inquifition found. Bacon*
tafte for trial. They had heard, by fame,
ASSE'SSION. n.f. [a/fj/!o,1.m.'] A fitting
Of this fo noble and fo fair ajfemlly,
For well he weened, that fo glorious bait
This night to meet here. down by one, to give affiftance or ad-
Stakifftare.
Would tempt his gueft to take thereof affoy. r
ASSE'NT. n.f. [aJj enfus,i,3A.'\ vice. Diff.
Fahy Suecn.
1 . The aft of agreeing to any thing. ASSESSMENT, n.f. [from Toaffefs.~\
4. Trial by danger or diftrefs ; difficulty ;
Without the king's ajfrnt
or knowledge, i The Aim levied on certain property.
.

hardfhip. You wrought to be a legate. Stakeff. Htn. VIII.

She heard with patience all unto the end, The aft of afleffing.
.
Faith is the to any prepoficion, njt thus
And (trove to mafter foirowful
afftrt What greater immunity and happinefs can
ajfay. Fairy Sltien. made out by the deduction of reafon, but upon
1 he men he there be to a people, than to be liable to no bw<,
pretl but late, the credit of the propoler. L-.eke.
To hard ajfiyi unfit, unfure at need, but what they make themfclvcs ? To be fubjeft
All the arguments on both fides mud be laid
Yetarm'dto point in we'l attempted plate. Fairf. to no contribution, aj'tfmtat, or any pecuniary
in balance, and, upon the whole, the understanding
Be Cure to find levy whatfoevcr, but what they vote, and volunta-
determine its affint. Loike.
What I foretel thec, many a hard ajfay rily yield unto themfelvrs ? J/i.-.tv/.
2. Confent agreement. ASSE'SSOR. n.f.
Of dangers, and adveifities, and pains, ;
\_njjcjffer , Lat.]
To urge any thing upon the church, requiring
Ere thou of IfracTs fceptre get faft hold. Mil'.or..
thereunto that religious ajfent of chriftian belief,
I. The perfon that iits ; ge- by another
To ASSA'Y. i>. a. [ej/ayer, Fr.] v.li n-'.vith the words of the holy prophets arc re- nerally ufed of thofe whoafliil the judge.
I. To make trial of; to make experiment ce'ncJ, and not to (hew it in fcripture ; this dU Minos, the ftricl inquifitor, appears j
of. the Fathers evermore think unlawful, impious, And lives and crimes, with his jiy/^rj, hears :
and execrable. Hiotcr. Round in his urn the blended bails he rowls,
One that to bounty never caft his mind,
The evidence of God's own teftimony, added Abfolvcs the jult, and dooms the guilty fouls.
Ke thought of honour ever did afiay
unto the natural of reafon concerning the
His bafcr brcaft. fyrr/ir.
affint

Gray and Bryan obtained leave of the gencul a certainty of them, doth not a little comfort
and a. He that fits
by another as next in dig-
confirm the fame. llxkrr.
little to ajfay them ; and fo with fome horfcm'n nity.
charged them home. Hay-ward.
To ASSE'NT. <v. n. [a/entire, Lat.] To To his Son,
What unweighed behaviour hath this drunkard concede ; to yield to, or agree to. Th' affrjjir of his throne, he thus began. Milton*
picked out of my converfatioo, that he dares in And the Jews alfo aj/cnttd, faying, that tlicfe Twice ftronger than his fire, who fat above,
this manner ajj/aj
m t ibakejftari. things wet fo sllti, x*iv. 9. to the tijroac t tbiuid'rinj Jove. Dryd,
3. He
 ASS A S S ASS
He that lays taxes ; derived from of- To mark out to appoint. beads ;
for their excrements are ever liquid, and
3, I. ;

He unto a place where be kntw their flefli generally more dry. Bacen'i Nat. Hift.
to. ajjigncd Uriah
Birds be commonly better meat than beads, be-
that valiant men were. 2 Sam. xi. 16.
A'SSETS. n.f. without the flngular. [aj/ez, caufe their flefh doth ajjiwl/afe more finely, and
T-he two armies were ajpgneJ to the leading of
Fr.] Goods fufficient to difcharge that two generals, both of them rather cocrtiers afi'urcJ
fecerneth more fubtcly. Bacctt's Natural Hijlory.

burden, which is caft upon the executor to the date, than martial men. Baccn. To ASSI'MILATE. <v. a.
or heir, in fatisfyi 3 the teftators or Both joining, 1. To bring to a likenefs, or refemblance.
anceftors debts or legacies. Whoever As join'd in injuries, one enmity A ferine kind of life would
and neceflitous
Againft a f ,e by doom exprefs cjpgn'd us, next generation to bar-
eafily aj/imi/atc at lead the
pleads affets, fayeth nothing ; but that That cruel ferpent. Milton. barifm and ferinenefs. Haltt
the perfon, again!}, whom he pleads, hath True quality is neglected, virtue is oppreffed, They are not over-patient of mixture ; but
enough come to his hands, to difcharge
:
and vice triumphant. The lad day will ajj.gn
to fuch, whom they cannot afimilate, foon find it
what is in demand. Covjell. everv one a ftation fuitable to his character. their Jntsrcft to remove. *wiff.
To ASSE'VER. 1 <v. a. [ajfaero,
Lat.]
Addifin. 2. To turn to its own nature by digeftion.
2.~Ta fix with regard to quantity or value.
To ASSE'VERATE. 3 To affirm with great Tailing concoct, digeft, ajftmilatt,
There no fuch intrinfick, natural,
is fettled And corporeal to incorporeal turn. Milton.
folemnity, as upon oath. value in any thing, as to make any ajjigned quan- Hence alfo animals and vegetables may ajfimi-
ASSEVER A'TION. n.f. [from a//e<verate.~\ tity of it conftantly worth any ajfgned quantity of late their nourifhment ; moift nourishment eafily
Solemn affirmation, as upon oath. another. Locke. its till it becomes like the
changing texture,
That which you are perfuaded of, ye have it 3. [In law.] In general, to appoint a de- denfe earth. Newton.
no otherwife than by your own only probable col- puty, or make over a right to
another ; ASSI'MILATENESS. n.f. [from ajpmilate.~\
lection ; and therefore fuch bold aj/everationt, as Likenefs. Difl.
in particular, to appoint or fet forth, as
in him were admirable, (hould, in your mouths,
but argue ralhnefs. Hooker. to ajjtgn error, is to ihew in what part ASSIMI.L.A'TION. n.f. [from ajfimilate.]
Another abufc of the tongue I might add ; of the procefs error is committed to ;
1. The a<5t of converting any thing to the

vehement affeveratiom upon flight and trivial oc- is to declare how nature or fabftance of another.
aj/ign falfe judgment,
cations.
Ray on the Creation.
and where the judgment is unjuft to It furthers the very aft of ajfimilation of ncu^
;
The
repetition gives a greater emphafis to the rirtiment, by fome outward emollients that make
words, and agrees better with the vehemence of affi^n the ceflbr, is to (hew how the the parts more apt to afiimilate* Bacoii'sNat.llift.
plaintiff had ceiled,
or given over ; to
the fpeaker in making his cfftvtrat'vai. 2. The ftate of 'being affimilated, or be-
Browns No:t: on tbe OdyJJey.
ajpgn wafte, is to lliew wherein efpeci- like fomethinjj elfe.
coming
A'SSHEAD. n.f. [from afs and bead.'} One ally the wafte is committed. Cmvell. A nourishment in a large acceptation, but not
flow of apprehension ; a blockhead. ASSIGNABLE, adj. [from a^Tgv*.] That in propriety, csnferving the body, not repairing it
Will you help an afikead, and a coxcomb, and but preferving
which may be marked out, or fixed. by tijjimilctien,
it
by ventilation.
a knave, a thin-fjced knave, a gull ? Sbak. Ham. firwuns Vulgar Errovrs.
Ariftotlc held that it ftreamed by connatural
ASSIDU'ITY. n.f. [affiJuite, Fr. ajjiduitas, refultand emanation from God; fo that th"ie indinct as duty of our nature,
It is as well the

clofenefs of applica- was no Inftant afligttablc of God's eternal cx- to- afpirean ajjlmilation with God ; even the
to
Lat.] Diligence ;
moft laudable and generous ambition.
tion. idence, in which the world did not alfo co-exid.
SiUt/J. Decay ofPiety-i
Ihave, with much pains and ajiduity, qualified
u-lf for a nomenciator. ASSIGN A'T ION. To ASSI'MULATE. "V. a. [ajjimulo, Lat.]
in;, Addijtn. n.f. \ajjtgnation, French.]
Can he, who has undertaken this, want con- An To feign to counterfeit. Diff,
appointment to meet ufed gene-
;
1. :

viction of the neceflity of his utmoft vigour and Assi MUL A'TION. n.f. \affimulatio,
rally of love appointments. Lat.]
cjjlctuity
to acquit himfelf of it ?
Rogers. The lovers expected the return of this datd A difiembling ; a counterfeiting. Dttt.
We obferve the addrefs and ajjijuity the, wi! hour with as much impatience as if it had been a
ufe to corrupt us.
To ASSI'ST. <v. a.
[nj/iffer, Fr. affifto,
R'.g'rs,
ASSI'DUOUS.
real ajjignatiin. Sptfiattr. .
Lat.] To help.
adj. [aJ/Muus, Lat,] Con- Or when a whore, in her vocation, Receive- her in the Lord, as becometh faints,
Jlant in application. Keeps punctual to an Siuift.
afiignation. and ajjift her in whatsoever bufinefs ihe hath need.
And if by pray'r 2. A making over a thing to another. Rom. xvi. 2.
Ir.ceffant I could hope to
change the will
Of him who all things can, I would not ccafe
ASSIGNEE', n.f. [aJfig>ie,Fr.'] He that neceflary and
It is affijtir.g
to all our other in,
telkctual faculties. Locke.
To we.iry him with my cjjiduoui cries. Milt;n.
is
appointed or deputed by another to
do any aft, or perform any bufinefs, or Acquaintance with method will aJJ-.jl one in
The mod and bittered re-
aJJiaiKut talebearers,
ranging human affairs. Watti's Lofrick.
yileis, are often half wilted people.
enjoy any commodity. And an affignee She no fooner yielded to adultery, but Ihe agreed
Government of tbe Tongue.
In fummer, yon fee the hen giving herfelf may be either in deed or in law affignee ; to fljjt/l in the murder of her hufband.

in deed, is he that is appointed by a Brooms on the Qclyfjty.

greater freedoms, and quitting her care tor above
perfon ; affigncc in law, is he whom the
ASSI'ST AN CE. n. f.
[aj/iftance, French.]
twoiours together ;
but in winter, when the ri-
gour of the feafon would chill the principles of law maketh fo, without any appoint- Help ; furtherance.
life, and deftroy the young one, (he grows rr>"rc ment of the perfon. Co-ivc/l.
The council of Trent commends recourfc, not
ejjijuoui in her attendance, and (lays
away but only to the prayers of the faints, but to their aid
half the time.
ASSI'CNER. n.f. [from afllgn.'] He that and What doth this aid and
Adaifcn. ajjijlancts afftflanct
Each ftillrenews her little labour, appoints. fignify
>
Stillingfeet.
Nor jufties her ajfiduout neighbour. Prior.
The gofpel is at once the ajfigncr of our taflcs, Youhave abundant ajjiflar.ca for this know-
and the magazine of our irrength. Decay of Piety. ledge, in excellent books. JfakSs Prep, for Death.
ASSI'DUOUSLY. aj-v. [from affiuous.]
ASSIGNMENT, n.f. [from "JJign.'\ Ap- Let us entreat this nccefTary ajjijlance, that by
Diligently ; continually. his grace he would lead us.
The trade,
that obliges artificers to be propriation of one thing to another Rogcri.
c/tducujly Assi STANT. adj. [from afi/t.] Helping;
tonverfant with their materials, is that of
glafs- thing or perfon.
men.
gyl,,
The only thin^ which maketh any place pub- lending aid.
The habitable earth may have been Jick, is the pubiick alignment thereof urito fuch Some perchance did adhere to the duke, and
perpetually
the drier, feeing it is duties. Hooker. were ajjijiant to him openly, or at lead under hand*
efiiduoujly drained and ex-
luufted by the fcas. This inditution, which aftigns it to a perfon, Hales Common Laiv of England.
Bentley.
To ASSI'ECB. whom we For the performance of this work, a vftal or
-v. a.
\_ajjleger, Fr.] To be- have no rule to know, is juft as good as
directive principle feemeth to be
an aflignment to no body at all. Locke. to the
fiege. Obfolete. Dia. ajjijlant

On th' other fide th' ward

ASSIMILABLE, adj. [from tffimilatt.] corporeal. Gwu,
ajjieged cadles
Their ft-ifaft arms did mightily maintain. Stenf.
That which may be converted to the ASSI'STANT. n.f. [from oj/tft.]
ji&SIE'NTO. n. f.
[In Spanilh, a con- fame nature with fomething elfe. 1 . A perfon engaged in an affair, not as
trad or bargain.] A contraft or con- The fpirits of many will fid but naked habi- principal, but as auxiliary or niinille-
vention between the tations meeting no whsrein to re-act rial.
king of Spain and
; ajjimilablti
their natures. Brtiun's f^ulgar Errours.
other powers, for Some young towardly noblemen or gentlemen
furnifhing the Spanilh To ASSI'MILATE. <v. n. were ufually fent as
dominions in America \_ajjimila, Lat.] afflantsai attendants, accord,
To ASSI'GN.
withnegroflaves To perform the aft of converting food ing to the quality of the perfons. Bacon.
v . a. [^w, Fr. gMt to nourilhment.
*ffi 2. Sometimes it is perhaps only a fofter
JuAt.J Birds ajjimilatt and cxccm
lefs, more, than word for an attendant
The
 ASS ASS A S S
The Ml- ajfiflamt on e He was accompanied with a noble gentleman, when
i'J, Tell mr, (nail thefe weary woes hav;cnJ,
With gating mouths for .ffuing woi :

nJ unfuiuble ejjcciatt. H'.: ..:-. 1

Or (luli ihcir ruthlcls torment r.- \er cejfc,
So!. .
to me, beyond
.v folc, IJu
'

;
Compare, above all living creatures dear.
:

/['<::' \~, I
r.j MUttr.. Without i

But my tjpcietci BOW my Hay

ii- An a'iTcmbly of .
>,
SftnJ
.i.i! iiiL-n, with Impatient. .

f,f,', OJyJfy: ASDUA'CER. n.f. [from n/uagf.\ O,.

iu a ccruin phce, and at .1 cj.-tain
jAssociA'riON. n.f. [from aj/bciate.]' pacifies or appeafes.
1. Union ; conjunction ;
limq. focfety. ASSUA'SIVR. adj. [from affuage.} Soften-
The church being a fociety, hath the felf-famc
c. "A jury. original grounds, which other politick focictks
ing ; mitigating.
h; bread tumultuous joys arii'e,
.An ordinance or ftatnte. hive; the natural inclination which all men have
3. Mulick her (uft voice fup;
The unto fociablclife, arrd confent to fomc certain b< n r-Jjuaf.-vt
4. court, place, or time, where and i
of ajficiati'-n ; which bond is the law that appoinl- P'spc'lSt.
when the writs and procefles of'ajfizc
cth what kind of order they fliould be afficiatfii in. To ASSU'BJUCATE. 'v. a. \fubjugo, Lat.J
Cawcll. To not in ufb.
JftkiUt fubjeft to :

i i.: i.uv ws never executed byanyjuuicej ot'

ihe ij
2.
Confederacy ; union for particular
pur-
: lord
.
affix.!, bit. ; yn Muft not fo Mate h5s palm, nr
pofes, good or ill. Nor by my will a/7lkj:trjre his
This could not be done but with mighty oppo- merit,
At each i^if and term we try
By going to Aci':-. . Ska.
lition: v.hich to ftrcngt'icn tbemfelves,
A thousand ufxals of as deep a dye.. Dryd. Juv.
againft
they fecretly enteied into a league of ajj'jtutkr.. ASSUEFA'CTION. n.f. Lat.]
. A ny court of jullice. \_ajjuefach,
5
'
iod Ihall clofe the book of
Iboker. The (late of being accuftomed to any
fate,
And there the Lift 3. Partnership. thing.
<jj/'i
is a kind of
Right and left, as parts mfersient unto the mo-
Sil:-iienial \\i'i
in ivakr, j;ui thole who lleep. D/y^.
holy c^^i-tl'r
Gcd ; and, by making you his partner, i. tive faculty, arc differenced by degrees from ufe
6. Atfizc if bread, ale, &c. Meafure of you in all his happinefs. anJ
Bylc. ajfuejjciijn, or a<. . .-."to tlie one
price or rate. Thus it is faid, <wiien 4. Conneftion. grows iironger. Br^u-n't I'algar .'

-wheat is of fucb a friiC, the bread fhall j^JJociatbn of ideas is of great importance, and ASSUE'TUDE. n.f. \affuetudo, Lat.] Ac-
be offuth affize. may be of excellent ufe. Watn.
.

cuftomance ; cuftom ; habit.

union of matter.
7. Meafure ; for which we now ufeyfz?. 5. Appofition ;
Wef;e that ajj'-.niuiii or" things h-ir!:;V.I,Hn>h make
Oo high hill's top I faw a (lately frame, The changes of corporeal things are to be placed
them loft? the force to hi:rr. /?..-,

An hundred cubits hiyh by jult ajjize, only in the various feparations, and new ejj
Wich hundred pillars. and motions, of thefe permanent particles. Ncit'ion, To ASSU'ME. v. a. [a/Itino, Lat.]
Sferrffr.
ASSI'ZE. a To A'SSONANCE. Re- 1. To take.
*To
[from the noun.]
<v. , n.f. [affonance, Fr.]
This when the various god had urg'd in vain,
fix the rate of any thing by an affize or ference of one found to another refem-
He ftrait
ajjua'd his native form again. Pyt,
writ. bling it. Refemblance of found. Diet.
A'SSONANT. Sound- 2. To take upon one's felf.
Assi'zER.or ASSI'SER. n.f. [from fl^fz*.] adj. \affonant, Fr.J With ravifh'ci c.irs
Is an officer that has the care and over- ing in a manner refembling another The monarcli h^a: ?,
found. Di<St.
fight of weights and meafures. Cbamb. Sljumrs the God,
Asso'ci AB I.E. adj. \ajjocialilis, Latin.] To ASSO'RT. v. a. [ajfirtir, Fr.] range To Affcds to nod,
in clafles, as one thing fuits with ano- And feems to ihake the fpheres. Dr\J;n,
TJiat which may be joined to another.
To ASSO'CIATE. -v. a. [n/oder, Fr.] ther. 3. To arrogate; to claim or feizc un-
ASSO'RTMENT. n.f. [from affort.] juflly.
,
ajj/ocia, Lat.]
1. To unite with another as a confederate.
1. The aft of
claffing or ranging. 4. To fuppofe fomething granted without
, A fearful army led by Cams Marcius, 2. A
mafs or quantity properly felefted proof.
jljfxiaieti
with Aundius, and ranged. In every hypothecs, fomething is all.wed to be
.
Upon our territories.
Sbaktfpeart. To ASSO'T. v. a. [from fat ; affoter, Fr.] effumtd. Btylt.
2. To adopt as a friend upon equal term . To infatuate ; to befot a word out of 5. To apply to one's own ufe; to appro-
:

djfr-lMc in your tO'.ui a v.

.i^U'rin^ train, ufe. priate.
And (Irangers in your pahce entertain. Drydcn. But whence they fprung, or how they were begot, His ra.ijefty might well cj/iimt the complaint
3. To accompany ; to keep company with Unenth is to aflurc,. uncath to weene and expieffion of king David. Chiendir.
another.. That ruonftrous crrour which doth fome ajfit. To ASSU'ME. v. n. To be arrogant; to
Ki.cnJs fhould ajficititc
friends in grief and woe. Spnftr. claim more than is due.
Shakej'purc, To ASSUA'GE. -a. a. [The derivation of ASSU'MER. An arro-
To unite n.f. [from affumc.~\
4. to join. this word is uncertain Minjhenu de- :
;
gant man ; a man who claims more than
:;>c
oleaginous paitkles unperceivedly ajaci- duces it from adfuaderc, or afluaiiiare ;
ateJ .ll;mfclves to it. his due.
Junius, from f*pa.')"> fweet from whence
Styk.
It has generally the particle tvitb ; as,
;
Can mm
be wife in any courfe, in which lie is
5. Skinner imagines ar-paij-an might have not fafe too But can thcfc high ajjumtrs) and pre-
?
he affociated 'with his mailer's enemies.
been formed.] tenders to reafon, prove themlelvcs fo ? Scxtb.
To ASSO'CIATE. -v. n. To unite himfelf; To ASSU'M N c. participial adj. [from
i .
mitigate ; to foften ; to allay. i
ajfic;*;]
to join himfelf.
Refieihing winds the fummer's heats ajjuagc, Arrogant ; haughty.
And kinJly warmth difarms the winter's rage
ASSO'CIATE. adj. [from the verb.] Con-
His haughty looks, and his affiim'irg air,
'
federate ; joined in intereft or purpofe. The
fon of'lfis CTiild no longrr h.-ar. /

While I defeend through darkncfs z. To appcafe ; to pacify. This m.iIiL-s him ovor-lorward in bunnefs, of-
^'o my afficiittc pow'rs, them to acquaint Yet is his hate, hi; i-iic IK, ne'er the Icfs, ftming\n con\x-n'.uio:-, and pcremptoi
With tnclc I'ucccflis.
Since nought ajua^ab nul^cc when 'tis told. .

ASSO'CIATE.
ASSU'MPSIT. n.f. [afnmo, Lat.] A vo-
n.f. [from the verb.] This was necefTary for the fi-cnring the pcop'e luntarv promifo made by word, tvhere-
1. A perjbn joined with another ; a part- from their fears, capable of being ajpia'rd by no
ner. other r C.'.. by a man takcth upon him to perform
Slull or pay any thing to another it con-
perfuade the ting, now in old age, to I, t' ;
, effua^t
m.ikc Pi.tngus his pjf-uatf in govcmmcn Their brutal r.ige, tains any verbal promife made upon
h ra. The rcgil (torn iu:tr,y
>
Dr)'den'j+4/iricti. conaJcration. Co
2. A confederate, in a good or neutral 3. To eafe ; as, the medicine offita^fs ASSU'M PTION. /;. f. [ttjT.n;:p:':o, Lat.}
fenfe ; an accomplice in ill. pain. i . The aft of taking any thing to one's felf.
Their dcie:-.d^r, and his afloci.itts, h.ive fithence To ASSUA'OE. -v. n. To abate.
The per/Vinal deiceot
of himl'.-.f, ^nd his God
f r><u.>fcii to the world a form fuch as thcmfelies God ma le a wind to palt ovc-r the carih, aivl of our fl.fh to his divinity, more t'amU
ajj'..mft'w>
like. Hakir. the \vateri .iff-ia^fj.
Gin. viii. i.
luii; to infinu.uc h's to us, wus *u en-
plcafurc
. A companion implying fome kind of As s u A'C E MENT . n. /'. [
from
affuug,;. ] M i- forcement beyond ali methods of wifdom.
'

equality, tigaiion ; abatement o-f evil.

a. The
 ASS ASS AST
th
The &ouU die before him, wherc's her dower ? God is abfolutely .g^od, and fo, cfllirut.j,
fuppofition, or aft of fuppofing, of
z. If you
caufe of all that is hut of any thing t'nt is
good ;
Sbakcffeare.
any thing without further proof. An afjurer.ii being palTed through for a compe- evil he is no csufe at all. Ralagb's Htf. of World.
Theie by w iy of aff'air.^tan, unJer .the two ge- our lib,: ty, till we rellorer
tent fme, hath come back again by reafon of fome Affundly he will flop
neral prep ficioiis, a.e intrinficauy and n;'.tvvfcliy him his woiihip. .Vc?/'/j.
overltghr. Bactn.
g-iod or baJ. N^.'ris.
ASSU'REDNESS. The
8. Spiritintrepidity.
; n.f. [from aft/red.]
'I he thing iuppofeJ ; a populate.
3. Ihey, men, flood in the face of
like relblute (late of being allured ; certainty.
HoKi, 's wrong t
la; t'-rxptan the breach witlnmore afliirancc than the wall ^tfelf.
I .
-
iii-you ve well defin'd. Dryct- ASSU'RER. n.f. [from affiire.]
KnlKi.
For th~ .-yjtnfthn, that Chrid di fuch miracu-i I
With all innocence can bring,
th> aflurartce
I He that gives aflurance.
.

tins 1:1' fupern itural works to confirm \vhathc

Fearlefs without, becaufe fecure within ; 2. He that gives fecurity to make good
faid, we need only repeat the meffage fent by hinr Arm'd with my courage, unconcern'd I fee lofs.
to Joh:i the Bartift. Swh. any '

This pomp, a iname to you, a pride ro me. Dryd. TO A'SSWA'GE: see ASSUAGE.
4. The
taking up any perfon into heavc-n, Sanguinenefs readinefs to hope. A'STERISK. n.f. in A mark
9. ;
[arte'10'*'-]
whirh is fuppofed by thj Romiih church This n&t the grace of hope, but a good natu-
is
printing or 'writing, in form of a
little
ajfurance or c mfidence, which Ariltotle
of the BlefTe: Virgin. ral obferves
liar; as .
U: 'f the
nffuirpikn of tlie BlefTed
young men to be full of, and old men not fo in-
clined to. Hammcnd. He aKb publilhed the tranflation of the Septua-
t! e pope and cardinals keep the vefpers.
gint by itfelf, having firll compared it with
., the
Stillir-fnt.
10. Teltimony of credit.
certain period of years, would am a gentleman of blood Hebrew, and noted by aftirijki what was defective,
Adam, after a I and. breeding,
and by obelifks what was redundant. Crrw.
have been rewarded with an ajfumfr'.ion to eternal And, from fome knowledge and tiffurance
of you,
Walt Offer this office. A'STERISM. n.f. \ajlerifmus, Lat.}
felicity.
.
SbabefpMre's King Lear.
ASSU'MPTIVE. We have as great affuratite that there is a God, 1. A conftellation.
adj. [a/itmfti'vus, Lat.] as we could expect to have, fuppoling that he were. had filled the (kic with ajl-rifms, and
Poetry
That is afl'umed. .
hiftories belonging to them; and the.,' a<lrology
TtllotJ'an.
Ass 'RANGE, n.f. [aflurance, Fr."] 1 1 . Conviftion. '
devifesthe feigned virtues and influenres of each.
1. Certain expectation. Such an make men B-ntUf'i Scrmvrt.
affurancc of things as
will
Tluugh hopr be, indeed, a lower aid lofTi ,
'

careful to avoid a lefler danger, ou;;ht to awaken 2. An afterifk, or mark. This 'is a very
thing than aj/urjnce t yet, as to ah the purpofes of a men to avoid a greater. Tilhtfon. improper ufe.
pious life, ir may prove moie i.'fful. Swl. *
W 12. [In theology.] Security with refpetl Dwell particularly on palTages with an /?rj/r ;
.at encouragement ca.. bt t iven to goodr.cfi,
for the obfcrvat'.ons which follow fi.ch a note, will
to a future ftate
; certainty of accept-
beyond the hopes of heavea, and the ajjuratice of a give you a clear light. DryJtift Dufrejny,
er.llels felicity ?
ance with God.
Tillvtjor..
The fame with infurance. See INSU- ASIERN. [from a and ftern.] Ira
adv.
2. Secure confidence ; truft. 13.
the hinder part of the ihip ; behind the
What mm
is he that boaiH of
fleihly might, RANCE.
And vain ajl'uran^c of moical ry, To ASSU'RE. <v. a. [affeurer, Fr. from af- fhip.
Which all lo f"on as it doth come to fight The galley gives her fide, and turns her prow,
Jecurare, low Latin.] While thofe afttrn, descending down the fteep,
Againft fpiritual foes, yields by and by. Fa't-y
1. To
^.

Freedom from doubt; certain know- give confidence by a firm promife. Thro' gaping waves behold the boiling deep. Dryd.
3. So when lie had ajfurtd them with many words
that he would reftore them without hurt, accord-
To ASTE'RT. -v. a. [a word ufed by Sfen-
ledge.
Proof from the authority of man's judgment, is ing to the agreement, they let him go for the fay- ftr, as it feems, for /art, or Jlarlle.] To
not able to work that ajfurar.cf, which doth grow ing of their brethren. 2 Mac. xii. terrify ; to ftartle ; to fright.
by a llronger proof. Hooter. 2. Tofecure to another ; to make firm. We deem of death, as doom of ill defert ;
'Tis far off, So irrefiftible an authority cannot be reflected But knew we fools what it us brings until,
And rather like a dream, than an ajforantc Die would we daily, once it to expert}
on, without the moil awful reverence, even by
That my remembrance warrants. Sbjt. TemfeJI. thofe whofe piety ajjitrei its favour to them. Rogers. No danger there the (hepherd can ajlert. Spfnftr.
The obedient, and the man of piactice, fliall
To make confident A'STHMA. n.f. A
ontgrow their doubts and ignorances, till per-
all 3. ; to exempt from [ao-Spu*.] frecjuent,
doubt or fear ; to confer fecurity. difficult, and fhort refpiration, joined
fualion pafs into knowledge, and knowledge ad-
vance into ajfarar.ct. Scatt. And hereby we know, that we are of the truth,
with a hifling foond and a cough, efpe-
Hath he found, in an evil courfe, that comfort- and cyja/vour hearts beforehim. i^<,^n,iii. 19
(hall
cially in the night-time,
and when the
able aj/iiranci of God's favour, and g ..xi M I revive
At this laft fight; affur'd that man (hall live body is in a prone pofture ; becaufe
his future condition, which a religious life would
With all the creatures, and their feed perfcrve. then the contents of the lower belly
have given him ?
TiHotfoH.
Mlltor. bear fo againft the diaphragm, as to
4. Firmnefs (leadinefs.
;
undoubting
Men whofe confidorji.im will relieve our mo- Too make fecure : with leffen the capacity of the bread, where-
4. of.
defty, and give us courage and ajjaran^i in the du-
But what on earth can lung abide in Mate?
by the lungs have lefs room, to move.
ties of our p:\/ferBon. Or who can him affure of happy day ?
Spenftr.
Robert.
And, for that dow'ry, I'll ajjitrc her of An aflbma is the inflation of tire membranes of
5. Confidence; want of modefty; exemp- Her widowhood, oe it that (he fu: vivcs me,
tion from awe or fear. the lungs, and of the membranes covering the
In all
my lands and leafes whatfoever.
My behaviour, ill
governed, gave you the firft
Sbaktff. mufcles of the thorax. Flyer an the Humours.
5. To affiance ; to betroth.
ASTHMA'TICAL. 7
comfort; my affection, ill hid, hath
given you
Diviner laid claim to me, called me Dro-
'Ih, J
adj. [from afthma.~\
this lall afjitrance.
Sidney.
mio, fwore I was ajjurcd to her.
ASTHMA'TICK. f Troubled with an
6. Freedom from vitious fhame. Akiilujpearel
afthma.
when come into the world,
ASSU'RED. participial adj. [ftom aj/ure.]
Converfatiun, they In ajlbmatleal pcrfons, though the hmgs be
will add to their knowledge and affurjn<.(. Lsckf,
1. Certain; indubitable; not doubted. much Muffed with tough phlegm, yet the pa-
It is an
very
Ground of confidence ; fecurity; fuffi- ajjurcd experience, that flint laid about tient may live bme months, if not fome years.
j. the bottom of a tree makes it profper.
cient reafon for truft or belief. Beyle.
Bacan't Natural Hiflory.
The nature of defire itfclf is no easier to receive After drinking, our horfes are mod- ajlbiratick j
2. Certain not doubting.
;
and, for avoiding the watering of them, we wet
belief, than it is hard to ground belief; for as de-
fire is glad to embrace the firft (hew of Young princes, cloL your hands, their hay. Flyer.
comforr,
fo is defire defirous of perfect
affuranct. Sidnfy.
And your lips too ; for, I am well allured,
That I did fo, when I was firft affur"d.
ASTO'NIED. part. adj. word ufed A ins

As
tbc conqueft was but (light and
fupeilici.il,
the vcrfion of the Bible for ajhiiijbe.-i.
Sbakcjpcarg' t King Jobn.
Ijjiab, lii. i.
Co the pope's donation to the Irifh fub:r,JHi:>ns were were aftvnud at thee.
As when by night the glafs Many
but weak and fickle ajjuranca. Daviei <,n Inland. Un-nanly dread invades
None of woman
Of Galilaeo, lefs ajfir',1, oblerves
born
mocn.
The French afliny'd. J. Pbilifs,
Shall harm Macbeth.- Imagined lands anil regions in the Milton.

hen Immodeft vitioufly confident.

To ASTO'NISH. [ejlmmer, Fr. from
t>. a.
Macduff, what need 3. ;
'i live, I fear of thee ?

But yet mr.k? ajfarance double fure,

I'll ASSU'REDLY. ad-v. [from nffi<red.~\
Cer- attmitus, Lat.] To
confound with fome
And take a bond of fate : tliou (halt not live. fudden paffion, as with fear or wonder ;
tainly ; indubitably.
Sbattffeare. They prom'is'd me eternal happiued, to amaze to furprife
; ;
to ftun.
nvid
brought me garlands, Griffith, which I feel
1 offer is the
ion!"-!",
y ;iir
bed; And It is the <f men to l\
p.xrt
,ir and tremble,
make
'

And, r her the effurantt, I am not worthy y-t to wear 1 flisll affurcdly. : VVh^i the mall i .
by tokens, fend
She is your own, elfe you muft pjruun me o,. Such dreadful heralds to ajiimlh us.
j Sboliejptfrt*
'
 A S T A S T
^
AST
Ajlmjh'd at the voice,
he flood amaz'J, between two rocks, that a man may (land aflnje Th- t\vel houfes of heaven, in the form which
And all around with inward horror gaz'd. . upon both at once. Biylt. ajirohgiam ufe. CanJ.r.
A genius univerfal as his them:, ASTRI'FEROUS. Tin- Am, trn-y fay, cannot
adj. [a/lrifir, Lat.] difpofe
AJIini/bing as chaos. Tttmfon. or liars. No more than can the aftrohpan. Httdthcs,
Bearing having Dici.
ASTO NISHINCNESS. n.f. [from aJfoHiJb.]
ASTRI'GEROUS.<#. Car- ASTROLO'CICAL. 1 ,.. ,.
Of a nature to excite aftonifhment. \aftriger, Lat.] adJ- t trom
"A'%-1
rying Ibrs. Difl. AST ROLO'C CK I i .

ASTO'NISHMENT. n.f. [ejionntment Fr.] To

ASTRI'NGE. *.. a [ajlringo, Lat.] I. Profefling aftrology.
,
.
Amazement confufion of mind from
;
To prels by contraction to make the Some feem a little ajlrobgieal, as when tliey ;
fear or wonder. warn us from places of malign influence. Wc
draw together.
We found, with no lefs wonder to us than aJ!o- parts
Tears are
No ajtnhgick wizard honour gains,
cauied by a contraction of the
vijbmnt to thcmfelvcs, that they were the two va- of. the brain
fpirits
which contraction, by conference,
Who has not oft been banifli'd, or in chains.
liantand famous brothers. j
SidntJ.
She eftremed this as much above his wifdom, as a/lrii;gftt the rnoMiire of the biain, and thereby
z.
fendrth tears into the eyes. Bacun. Relating to aflrology.
aflamjhmirt is beyond bare xdnviratipru Sautb.
sl;l domical pia; ers f.vni to me
ASTRI'NCENCY. n. f. [from aftritge.] to be built on as
y~0 ASTO'UND. <v. a. [eftanner, Fr.] To The power of contracting the parts ot gouti realon as iho predictions. StiHingfieit.
aftonilh ; to confound with fear or won- 7 he poetical fables arc more ancient than the
the body oppofcd to the power of re-
der. ThU word is now fomewhat ob-
;
afnhgical inftiences, that were not known to tiie
laxation. Creeks till after Alexander the Great.
folete. Ber.tUy.
Aftriclion prohibitcth d'fljlution
Thefe thoughts may ftartle well, but not ajlaund ; as,
in medi- ASTROLO'CICALLY. adv. [from ajirolo-
cines, aftringcnts inhabit putrefaction and, by :
The virtuous mind, that ever walks attended gy.~\ In an aftrological manner.
'
ajli-ingaify, fomequantity of oil of vitriol
frftall
By a ftrong fiiiing champion, confcicncr. Miltin. will To As TRO'LOCIZE. a/, n.
ke:p frcih water long f, urn putrefying.' [from ajlra.
ASTRA'DDLE. adv. [from a and ft'raddle,.]' :'s Natural Hlftiry.
To praclife aftrology.
lgy-~\
With one's legs acrols any thing. Difl. Acid, acrid, auftere, and bitter fubftanccs,
by' AS'JRO'LOGV. n.f. [apologia, Lat.]
their create horroor, that is, TOmtifate
A'STRACAL. n.f. [ir^ayaX-, the ankle
aSrugenn,
trie fibres.
The praftice of foretelling things by
Arhutbmt.'i
or ankle-bone.] little round member, A ASTRI'NGENT. the knowledge of the ftars ; an art now
adj. [njlringens, Lat.]
in the form of a ring or bracelet, ferv- generally exploded, as irrational and
Binding contracting ; oppofed to lax-
;
ing as an ornament at the tops and bot- ative : it is ufed fometimes of taftes
falfe.
toms of columns. I know the learned think of the art of
Builder's Dii.
which feem to contract the mouth. ajlrdtgy,
We none of that ordinary confufion, which
fee that the ftars do not force the actions or wills of
is the refult of quarter rounds of the AJinngfnt medicines are binding, which aft by meij.
ajiragj', and the afnerity of their particle*, Stvift.
1 know not how many other intermingled particu- whereby they corru- ASTRO'NOMER.
gate the membranes, and make them draw n.f. [from ^(ot, a ftar,
lars. upi
Sptftetor.i clofcr. and >oi-, a rule or law.] One that
%- n'V-
:

A'STRAL. adj. [from aflrum, Lat.] Starry; The myrobalan hath parts of contrary natures,' ftudies the celeftial motions, r.nd the
for fweet and yet ajlrmgent.
belonging to the ftars.
it is ,n n. rules by which they are
The juice governed.
Some aftrat forms I mud invtke by pray'r, is
very aflrlngent, anr] tVrcfore ot ll ,w The motions of fatlions under kings ought t
Fram'd all of pureit atoms of the air ; motion. B jean's Natural
Hiftcry. be like the motions, as the
What diminilrieth aftnnomers Ipeak of, in
Not in their natures fimply good or ill, fenlible perfpiration, en- the intcriour orbs. Eanit.
But moft fobfervient to bad fpirits will. creafeth the infenfible; for that rcafon a
Drydcn. (trength- Aftrcncmcrs no longer doubt of the motion of the
ASTRA'Y. adv. from a and Jli-aj.~\ Out of cning and oftriugent diet often conduceth to tliis
[ planets about the fun. Locke.
purpofe. Artutkmt on Atnr.crK. The old and new ajtronomers in vain
the right way.
A'STROGRAPHY. n. f. [from and Attempt the hcav'nly motions to explain.
May feem the wain was very avil led, ,-;'-

When fuch an one had guiding of the way, y^u.$u.~\ The fcience of defcribing the BUci&ire .
That knew not whether right he .went, or elfe liars. Dia. ASTRONO'MICAL. J adj.
t+it
f
, i
t_!in
i j
lAJt
I
UflU'ny
[{romajironomy.] i I

aftray. Spenfcr. A'STROLABE. n.f. [of Ufr^, and teZiTr, ASTRONO'MICK." j Belonging to aftro-
You run ajiray, for whilft we talk of Ireland, to take.]
you rip up the original of Scotland. Sfcnfer on Irel.
nomy.
Like one that Jiad been led ajiray 1 . An
inftrument chiefly ufed for
taking
Our fjrefathers marking certain mutations to
in the fun's progrcfs
Through the heav'ns wide Milton. the altitude of the pole, the fun, or ftars,, happen through the zod'ack,
pathlefs way. th y ii'^iftrate and let them down in their
y ASTRI'CT. v. a. \ajiringo, Lat.] To at fea.
A
mi.-al canons.
aflrono-
Brown's P'ulgtr Errours.
ftereographick pj-ojeclion of the cir-
2. r
contract C:m he n-it s an
by applications, in oppofition pj
afrmtnuck line,
1

to relax : a word not fo much ufed as

cles of the
fphere.upon the plain of fome Or dre.ids the fun th'
imaginary fign,
Chambers. That he fhould ne'er advance to either pole
conftringe.
great circle. ?

The folid parts were to be relaxed or ASTRO'LOCER. n.f. \aftrologus, Lat. from Blaclxirr.
ajinftcd, as ASTRONO'MICALLY. ajv.
they let the humours pafs either in too fmall or too ar^oi and Aoy-.]; [from ajiro*
In an aftronomical manner.
great quantities. Artutbnot on Alimtntt. 1. One
that, fuppofing the influences of nomical.~\

ASTRI'CTION. the liars to have a caufal powe -,

ASTRO'NOMY. n. f.
[ir C o s/ *;, from
[aJ?riaio,Lzt.] The
1

n.f. profefles a
to foretel or difcover events arfii, andvoft^, a law crrule.]
ftar,
aft or power of contracting the parts of depending A mixed mathematical fcience, teaching
the body by applications. on thofe influences.
Not unlike that which the knowledge of the celedial bodies,
Aflniiton is in a lublrancc that hath a virtual aftro/ogcrs call a conjunc-
cold ; and it workcth ti MI of planets, of no very benign afpcft the one to their magnitudes, motions, diftances,
partly by the fame means that
the other.
cold doth. Bacon. ll'-:i:n.
periods, eclipfes, and order. Pythago-
This virtue requireth an aflrlflim, but fuch an
A
happy genius is the gift of nature it depends :
ras taught that the earth and
on the influence of the ftars, fay the planets
ajtrilliai as is not grateful to the
body ; for a pleaf- ajlrohgcrs ; on turn round the fun, which Hands im-
doth rather bind in the nen -s than the organs of the body, fay the naturalists it is thf
\n% aflriflion ;

particular gift of Leaven, fay the divines, both

moveable in the centre. From the time
expel them ; and therefore fuch aftrifikn is found
in things of a harm tai'.c. Bacon. chriftians and heathens.
Drydtn, of Pythagoras, ajlronomy funk into ne-
Lenitive fubftances are Ajlrclogtrs, that future fates fore/hew. till it was revived
_
r'an conftitution^, who are
proper for dry atrabila-
I never heard a finer fatire
Pipe. glert, by the Ptole-
to againft lawyers, tha
the belly, and the piles.
of
fubjeft ajiriflion
that of when they rules ol
mys, kings of Egypt and the Saracens ;
Arbuthnit on Ditl. ajlrohgtn, pretend, by
art, to tell when a fi.it will end, and whether to the brought it from Africa to Spain, and re-
ASTRI'CTIVE adj. [from ajiriQ.'} ftored this fcience to
Stip- advantage of the plaintiff or defendant. Si^lft. Europe. Chamfers.
tick ; of a binding quality. Did. 2. It was anciently ufed for one that un- To this muff be a.Jd the undeiftamling .f theI .

ASTRI'CTORY. adj. [ajfriaoriui, Lat.] derflood or explained the motions of the globes, and the principles jf geometiy and ajlroaony.
C<r:rl y.
Aftringent ; apt to bind. Difl.
planets, without including prediction.
ASTII'DE. adv. [from a and A A'STROSCOPY. n. f. [,-i?, a ftar, and
Jlride.] worthy aftroltgtr, by perfpcfiive g.'afles, hath
With the legs open. found in the ftars many things unknown to the an- croiriu, to view.] Obfervaiion of the
To lay their native arms afide, cients.
Ralc.gb. liar,. Difl.
Their modc-fty, and ride afindf. Hudihrat. ASTROI.O'OIAN. n.
ASTRO-THCOLOGY,
1 faw a
f. [from ajlrtlegy .~\ [from aftrum, a n.f.
place, where the Rhone is fo ltraite:ied The fame with aft eloper. ftar, and tbttlagia, divinity.] Divinity
founded
 A T A T ATE
fbinded on the obfervation of the celef eluded in the adjective ; we common! 8. At is fometimes the fame with
tial bodies.
fay, at a minute, at an hour, on a day <witb, after the French a.
That the diurnal and annual revolutions are th
in a month. Infufe his breaft with magnanimity,
motions of the terraqueous globe, not of the
fliew in th: preface of my
fun, We thought it at the very firfta fign of co! And make him naked foil a man at arms. Shakefp.
Afire-Theology. affeflion. Haake,
Durham's 9. At fometimes notes the place where any
Pbyfao-Tbeokgy Howfrequent to defert him, and at laft
As u's D E R. adv. [ar-nnbpan,
Sax.] Apart To heap ingratitude on worthieft deeds. Miltt, thing is, or afts.
not together. At the fame time that the ftorm beats upon th Your hulband is at hand, I hear his trumpet.
feparately ;

Two indirect linei. ,- that they ar

whole fpecies, we are falling foul upon one anothe Sbakejpcarc.
drawn out, the further they go He that in tracing the veffels
began at the hearf,
a/under. MdKfa
We made no efforts at all, where we could hav though he thought not at all of a circulation,
yet
Sfenfer on Irelana made he the firft true
Senfe thinks the planets fpheres not much mod weakened the common enemy, and, at th ftep towards the difcovery.
afur.dei
What tells us th. n their diftance is fo far ? fame time, enriched ourfehes. Grew.
bwlc Swif To all ladies now at land
you
Greedy hope to find 3. At, before a caufal word fignifies nearl We men at fea indite.
His wifli, and beft advantage, us a/unjer. the fame as tuitb, Bxckturjf.
noting that the even Their various news I heard, of love and ftrife,
The fall'n archangel, envious of our ftate,
Paradift Loft
accompanies, or immediately fucceeds Of ftorms at fea, and travels on the fliore. Pope.
Seeks his advantage to the action of the caufe. 10. At fometimes in immediate
betray us worfe ; fignifies
Which, when a under, will not prove too hard, At his touch, of.
Such fandtity hath Heav'n giv'n his hand, confequence
For both t 'gether are each other's at the profecution of the houfe of
guard. Drydcn Impeachments
Borne far j'undtr by the tides of
men, They prefently amend. Staitrff fare's Madid commons, have received their determinations in
Like adamant and when hehear of your approach,
(hall
they meet ajain.fteel ^O fir, the houfe of lords. Hair.
If that young Arthur be not
Dryderis Fables gore already, 11. At marks fometimes the
Ev'n at this news he dies. effect pro-
All this metailkk matter, both that which con Sbakffp. King Job
tinued afundtr, and in and t'ui
fingle corpufcles,
Much at the fight was Adam in his heart ceeding from an adt.
which was amaficj and concreted into nodules Difmay'd. Milt.n's Parad'ijt Laft Reft in this tomb, rais'd at thy hulband's coff.

fubfided. Wmkearfi Natural Hftury High o'er their heads a mould'ring rock is
pi jc'd Drydcn.
That promifes a fail, and fliakes at ev'ry bialt. Tom has been at the charge of a penny upon
ASY'LUM. ./. [Lat. anAo, from , not this occafion.
Dryd , AdJifon.
and c-ti>. f', to pillage.] A place out o 4. At before a fuperlative adjeclive Thofe may be of ufe, to confirm by authority
which he that has fled implie what they will not be at the trouble to deduce by
to it
may not bi in thiftate; as, at
tejl, in the ftate o Arbtitbnot.
taken ; a fanftuary a a placi moft perfection, &c.
reafoning.
;
refuge ;
of retreat and Confider any man as to his
12. At fometimes is
nearly the fame as in,
fecurity. perf >nal powers, the
Sj was the church to fome, that it had the as, he was at the bet-
facred are not great; for, at
greateft, they mutt ftill b noting fituation ;
right of an <$/;,, or fancluary. Ayl'fe'sParergon limited. Soutb torn, or top of the hill.
Asy '.vi M E T R Y. n. f. We bring into the world with us a poor need She hath been known to come at the head of
[from a, without
and uncertain life, fliort at the longcft, and thefe rafcals, and beat her lover.
rv[j. :j.iTM, unquiet a Swift.
Iymmetry.] the beft.
1.
Contrariety to iymmetry; Tempi, 13. At fometimes marks the occafion, like
difpropor
tion. 5. At, before a perfon, feldom ufed other is
on.
wife than
The afymmetriet of the brain, as well as the de- ludicroufly ; as, he longed t< Others, with more helpful care,
formities of the lets or be at him, that is, to attack him. Cry'd out aloud, Beware, brave youth, beware!
face, may be redified in
tim " 6. At before a fubftantive fometimes At this he turn'd, and, as the bull drew near,
Grrw figni
2. This term fies the Shunn'd, and rcceiv'd him on his pointed fpear.
fometimes ufed in mathe-
is particular condition or circum-
ftances of the perfon ; as, at DryJcn.
maticks, for what is more peace, in a
ufually called At fometimes feems to fignify in the
ftate of 14.
incommenfurability ; when between two peace.
Under pardon, po-iver of, or obedient to.
quantities there is no common meafure. But thou of all the kings, Jove's care below,
You are much more at tafk for want of wifdom
A'SYMPTOTE. .
/ [from a , priv. <, Than Art leall at my command, and moft my foe. Dryd.
prais'd for harmlefs mildnefs.
with, and ''*, to fall; which never It
Sbaieff At fometimes notes the relation of a
b.-ingeth the treafure of a realm into a few 15.
meet hands: for the ufurer man to an aftion.
Aj'ymptotes are at
;
incoincident.] being certainties, anc
others at uncertainties, at the end of the He who makes pleafure
right lines, which approach nearer and moft game the vehicle of health, is
nearer to fome curve ; but of the money will be in the box. Bacon. a doctor at in
it good earneft. Collier
of Friendjhip.
which, though Hence walk'd the fiend at large in
they and their curve were infinitely con- fpacious field. 1 6. At fometimes imports the manner of
Milton. an aclion.
tinued, would never meet ; and The reft, for whom no lot is
may be yet decreed, One warms you by degrees, the other fets you on
conceived as May run in paftures, and at plcafurr fcei.
tangents to their curves at fire all at once, and never intermits his heat.
an infinite diftance. Drydcn'i Virgil,
Chambers. Deferted, at his utmoft ne-'d, Drydetfs Fables,
Afynptui lines, though they may approach thofe his former Not with lefs ruin than the Bajan mole
rearer together,
ftill
By fed. bounty Dryd. St.CaecUla.
till
they are nearer than the leaft What hinder'd cither, in their native I >H,
At once comes tumbling down. Drydcn 't Mncid,
ffignable diftance, yet, being ftill infi-
produced to reap the hai vert of their toil. French cbez, means fome-
nitely, will never meet. Dryd. Fab. 17. At, like the
Grew. Wile mm ar? form-times
over-borne, when they times application to, or dependence on.
ASYMPTO'TICAL. adj. [from afymptotc.} are taken at a
d'jfadvantage. Collier The
worft authors might endeavour to pleafe us
of Confidence.
Curves are be ajymptoiical, when
faid to 1 hefe have been the maxims have been they and in that endeavour defcrve fomcthing at oui
guided by take the fe from thcnj, nd
:
they continually approach, without a they arc- hands. pc t> e,
perfectly at a bfs, their compafs and pole-ftar then
poflibility of meeting. are gone, and their
8. At all. In any manner; in any de-
ASr'NDETON. undemanding is perfectly at a
n. o f a>
f. [^'..w, nonplua. Lccke. gree.
priv. and <n,$iu, to bind A One man manages fourhorfcs at once, and Nothing more true than what you once let fall,
together.] from the back of another at full
leaps
Muft women have no characters at all.
figure in grammar, when a conjunction (peed. Pops.

copulative is omitted in a fentence ; as, Pi>pc't Effay in Ihmer'i Battlci. A'r A B A i. . n. f. A kind of labour ufed by
They will not let me be at quiet
in veni, -vidi, -vici, is left out. & purfue me to my very dreams.
in my bed, but
Swift.
the Moors.
Children
AT. prep, Saxon.][arc, At before a
(hall beat our atabal: and drums,
.
fuijftantive fometimes marks And the noify trades of war no more
all
I. At, before a place, notes the nearnefs or attention. Shall wike the peaceful morn.
employment Den Dryd. SetaJ),
of the place ; as, a man is at the
houfe We find fomt: arrived to that
fottifhncfs, as to flTAR A'XIA. la./. [iT
before he is in it. own roundly what they would bear. South.
!;.] Exemp-
f
How A'TARAXY. J tion from vexation;
irinued d'ye find yourfflf
?
fays .the doftor to his
among many, to fay
A
the'r prayers at fountains. pstrnt. little while after he is at it again, tranquillity.
StUlbirtea with a, Pray The fccptkks
how d'ye find your bo Jy? L'EJIran^e. air'efted an indifferent
equipon.
At, before a word
fi^nifying time, notes But (he who well enough knew what, derous neutrality, as the only means to their ata-
coe-xittence of the time with the Be! or- lie
fpoke, he would be ar, raxia, and freedom fr >m paflionate d'.ftjib.mces.
event ; the word time is fometimes in- Pretended not t.i Glani'jlU"t Scepjts.
apprehend. UuJibrai.
VOL. The creature's at his work TE. The See To EAT.
I. dirty again. Pcfi. preterite of cat.
R And
 A T H A T L A T O
And bjr hii fide hit fteed th; grafiy forage atr neither caufes pain, difcolours the fkin A'TMOSPHERE. and
n.f. [axf*.-, vapour,
Sfnjt nor yields cafily to the touch. eQa't^a.,
a
fphere.]
Even our parents an themfelves out of Pa
firft
If the matter forming them referable! mill The exteriour part of this our habitable world
radifc; and Job's children junketted and feaftc
curd:, the tumour ii called altenma if it be lik ; is the air, or
atmifktrt ; a light, thin, fluid, or
together often.
honey, mrliceris anil if compofed of fit, or fpringy body, that encompalTes the folid earth nn
ATHA'NOR. n.f. [a chymical term, bor In ty fuhftance, fteatoma.
;

Stjrf all fides.

rowed from iSa*T- ; or, as other ATHERO'MATOUS. from atheroma. Immenfe the whole excited atmoffbere
adj. [
think, nun.] A
digefting furnace to Having the qualities of an atheroma Impetuous rulheso'er the founding world. 7
keep heat for fome time ; fo that it may or curdy wen. ATMOSPHE'RICAL. adj. [from atmo-
be augmented or diminished at pleafure the matter
Feeling fluctuating, I
thought i fphere.~\ Confifting of the atmofphere ;
by opening or fliutiing fome aperture:
atberomat-Ms. tl'ifcmarit Surgery belonging to the atmofphere.
made on purpofe with Aiders over them, ATHI'RST. adv. [from a and thirfl.'
We did not mention the weight of the incum-
bent atmofpberical cylinder, as a part of the weight
called regifters. S>uincy, Thirfty ; in want of drink.
With fcanty meafure then fupply their food
refifted. Bnle.
A'THEISM. n.f. [from atheift. only It is ;

of two fyllables in poetry.] The diibe- And, when atbirft, rcftrain 'cm from the flood. A'TOM. [atomus, Lat. aTc^c-.]
n.f.
Dryden. 1. Such a fmall particle as cannot be
lief of a God. ATHLE'TICK.
God never wrought miracles to convince alkiifm, adj. [from athkta, Lat, phyfically divided : and thefe are the
becaufe his ordinary works convince
aSxT>!f, a wreftler.] firft rudiments, or the
it. Bacart component parts,
It is the common intereft of mankind, to punilh 1. Belonging to wreftling. of all bodies. ^uincy.
all thofe who would feduce men to atbt ifm. Ti//otforr. 2. Strong of body ; vigorous ; lufly ; ro- Innumerable minute bodies are called atoms, be-
A'THEIST. *. /. [S,s without God.] buft. "<aufe, by reafon of their perfccl folidity, tin-
One that denies the exiftence of God. Seldom one fee in rich families that
(hall really indivifible. Ray.
To thefe that fober race of atblctifk foundnefs and vigour of constitution, See plaftick nature working to this end,
men, whofe lives
them the fons of God, which is feen in cottages, where nature is cook, The fingle atoms each to other tend,
Religious titled
Shall yield up all their virtue, all their fame, and neceffity caterer. South. Attract, attracted to, the next in place
to the trains, and to the fmiles, Science dirtinguiflies a man of honour from one Form'd and impell'd its neighbour to embrace.
Ignobly !

Of thefe fair atbeijls. Milton's Paradife Loft.

of thofe atbletick brutes, whom undefcrvedly we Poft.
call heroes.
Though he were really a fpeculative albtijt, yet Drydin 2. Any thing extremely fmall.
if he would but
proceed rationally, he could not
ATHWA'RT. prep, [from a and thwart.] It as cafy to count atoms, as to refolve the
is

however be a practical atbeift, nor live without 1. Acrofs , tranfverfe to any thing. propofitions of a lover. Sbakcff. Asytu like it.
Cud in this world. Smth. Themiftocles made Xerxes poft out of Grecia, ATO'MICAL. [from
adj. atom."]
j&beift, ufe thine eyes, by giving out a purpofe to break his bridge atituari Confifting of atoms.
;
I .
And having view'd the order of the fkies, the Herlefpont. Bacon's Effjys. Vitrified and pellucid bodies are clearer in their
Think, if thou canfl, that matter, blindly hurl'd Execrable mape !
continuities, than in powders and af.'m;Y<z/divifions.
Without a guide, (hould frame this wond'rous world. That dar'ft, though grim and terrible, advance Bifwn's Vulgar Errvuru
Creech. mifcreated front athwart my way.
Thy z.
Relating to atoms.
No atbffl, as fuch, can be a true friend, an af-
fectionate relation, or a loyl fubjeft.
Paradife Loft. Vacuum is another principal doctrine of the alt-
Bittley, 2. Through not proper.
: this is
mKWphilofophy. Berkley's Sermons.
A'THEIST. adj. Atheiftical; denying Now, athwart the terrors that thy vow
God. Has planted round thee, thou appear'ft more fair.
A'TOMIST. n.f. [from a&.] One that
.

Nor holds the atomical philofophy, or dodrine

ftood unmindful Abdiel to annoy jijdtfon.
The atbiijs crew. Mi/Kn't Paradife Loft. ATHWA'RT. ad-v. a tort. of atoms.
In a manner vexatious and The atcmijls, who define motion to be a paf-
ArHEi'sTiCAL.aJj. [fromatt/eijt,] Given 1 .
perplexing ;
m
one place to another, what do they mjrc
to atheifm ; impious. crofsly. than put one fynonymous word for another ?
Men are atbei/licat, becaufe they are firft vicious ; All athwart there came
Locke.
nd queftion the truth of chriftianity, becaufe they A port from Wales, leaden with heavy news.
Now
can judicious atomifts cor
hate the practice. South. Shaitffeare, Chance to the fun could his juft impuliV
ATHEI'STICALL Y.aJv. [from atbeifiical.'] 2. Wrong : a tracers. , Blackmtre.
The baby beats the nurfe, and quite atfrtvart
Jn an atheiftical manner. Goes alldecorum. Shakcff. Meajure for Miafure.
A'TOMY. n.f. An
obfolete word for atom.
Is it not enormous, that a Drawn with a team of little atomics
divine, hearing a great ATI'LT. aJ-v. [from a and /;'//.]
Athwart men's nofes, as they be afleep. Stakeff.
finner talk
aibeiftical/y, and fcoft" profanely at reli-
.

1. In the manner of a tilter ; with the

gion, fhould, inftead of vindicating the truth, ta-
adion of a man making a thruft at an
To ATO'NE. 11. n. [from at one, as the
citly approve the fcoffer? South.
I entreat fuch as arc etymologifts remark, to be at one, is
atkeiftically inclined, to con- antagonift. the fame as to be in concord.
fider thefe things. In the city Tours
This de-
Tillafm.
Thou ran'ft atilt, in honour of my lore, rivation is much confirmed by the fol-
ATHEI'STICALNESS. n.f. [from atheifti-
And ftol'ft away the ladies hearts from Frjnce. lowing paflage of Shakefpeare, and ap-
cal.} The quality of being atheiftical.
Lord, purge out of all hearts profanenefs and To run atilt
Sbakejpeart. pears to be the fenfe ftill retained in
at men, and wield
atbeijtitaiiffs. Hamir.cnJ's Fundamentals. Their naked tools in open fieU. Scotland.]
llud:bras.
ATHEI'STICK. adj. [from Given 2. In the poitureof a barrel raifed or tilt- 1 . To agree ; to accord.
atheift.'}
to atheifm. He and Aufidius can no more atcrr?,
"ed behind, to make it run out.
This argument deimnftrated the exigence of Than violenteft contrariety. Sbakejf. Corio/anus.
a Such a man is always otit'f; his favours come
Deity, ami convinced all
atbtiflkk gainfayert. hardly from him. Sfcflator.
2. To ftand as anequivalent^for fome-
Ray on tie Creation. A'TLAS. n.f. thing ; and particularly ufed of expi-
A'THEL, ATHELINC, ADEL, and BE- 1. A collection of
maps, fo called proba- atory facrifices, with the particle for
THEL, from add, noble, Germ. So bly from a pifture of Atlas fupporting before the thing for which fomething
jEtbelredis ncble for ccunfel ; jEtbtlard, the heavens, prefixed to fome collec- elfe is given.
a noble genius ; jEtbdbert, From a mean Mock the pious Decii came ;
eminently no- tion.
Yet fuch their virtues, that their lofs alone
ble ; JEthtliaard, a noble
protector. 2. A large fquare folio ; fo called from f.r Rome and all our legions did atone.
Gibfon's Camden. thefe folios, which, containing maps, Dryden's Juvenal.
A'THEOUS. adj. [Si-.] Atheiftick ; god- were made large and fquare. The good intention of a man of weight and
lefs.
[. Sometimes the fupporters of a build- worth, or a real friend, feldom atones for the un-
Thy Father, who is holy, wife, and pure, eafinefs produced by his grave reprefentations.
Suffers the hypocrite, or alhemis ing. Lickc.
To tread his facred courts.
prieft,
4. A rich kind of filk or fluff made for Let thy fublime meridian courfe
Paradife Regained.
women's clothes. For Mary's
ATHERO'MA. n.f. [<i3/? from i$ F , ^, have the conveniency of buying Dutch
I
fetting rays atone:
Our luftre, with redoubled force,
pap or pulfe.] A fpecies of wen, which
atlajfts
with gold and. filver, or without.
SftSator.
Muft now proceed from thee alone. Prior.
Hi*
 ATR ATT ATT
His virgin fword j9Jgyfthus' veins imbrued ;
I never rccal it to mind, wNiout a deep afto- If, appris'd of the fevere a/tact,
The murd'rer fell, and blood atondfor blood. nilhment of the very horrour and atrocity of the The country be (hut up. Thimfon.
Pope. fal in a Chriftian court. Wotton. I own 'twas wrong, when thoufands call'd me
To ATO'NE. v. a. They defired juftice might be done upon of- back,
fenders, as the atrocity of their crimes d..-1'erved. To make that hopelefs, ill-advis'd attack.
1. To reduce to concord.
Clarer.d.n.
Young.
If any contention arofe, he knew none fitter to ATTA'CKER. n.f. [from attack.] The
be their judge, to atone and take up their quarrels,
A'TROPHY. ./I [a-rfopia.] Wantofnou-
perfon that attacks.
but himtelf. Drumm. rifhment ; a dileafe in which what is
To to anfwer for. taken at the mouth cannot contribute to
To ATTA'IN. <u. a. \atteindre, Fr. attineo,
2. expiate ;
Soon (houli yon boafters ceafe their haughty the fupport of the body. Lat.]
ftrife, Pining atrophy,
1. To gain ; to procure ; to obtain.
Or each atone his guilty love with life. Is he wife who hopes to attain the end without
Pope. Marafmus, and wide-wafting peftilence. Milton.
ATO'NEMENT. The mouths o'i the lacteals may be (hut up by the means, nay by means that are quite contrary
n.f. [from atone.] to it ?
a vifcid mucus, in which cafe the chyle patTeth Ti/htftm.
1. Agreement; concord. and the perfon fallcth intoan atropby. All the nobility here could not attain the fame
He feeks to make atommcnt by ftool,
favour as Wood did.
Between the duke of Glo'iler and your brother?. Arbutbnot on Aliments. Sivift.

To ATTA'CH. -v. a.
2. To overtake ;
to come up with : a
Sbaktfpeare. [attache,; Fr.]
2. with 1. To arreft to take or
fenfe now little in ufe.
Expiation ; expiatory equivalent :
; apprehend by The earl hoping to have overtaken the Scottifli
for. commandment or writ. Coivell.
And the Levites were purified, and Aaron made
king, and to have given him battle, but not at-
Eftfoons the guards, which on his ftate did wait,
taining him in time, fst down before the caftle of
an atonement for them to cleanfe them. Numbers. Attach'd that traitor and bound him ftrait.
falfe, Aton. Bacon,
Surely it is not a fumcient atonement for the wri-
ters, that they profefs loyalty to the government,
Spcnfcr.
The Tower was chofen, that if Clifford ihould 3. To come to ; to enter upon.
and fprinkle fome arguments in favour of the dif- Canaan he now attains; I fee his tents
accufe great ones, they might, without fufpicion or
Pitch'd above Sichem. Milton's Paradife LoJI.
lenters, and, under the (helter of popular politicks noife, be prefently alitibcd. Bacon's Henry VII.
and religion, undermine the foundations of all pi- BohemU greets you, 4. To reach ; to equal.
ety and virtue. Dcfires you to attach his Con, who has So the precedent, if
firft it be good, is feldom
Svilft.
ATO'P. ad--v. [from a and top.] On die His" dignity and duty both caft off. SL'akfj'peare.
attained by imitation. Bacon,
at the top. 2. Sometimes with the particle but not To ATTA'IN. <v. n.
top ; of,
Atcp whereof, but far more rich, appear'd in prefent ufe. 1 . To come to a certain ftate : with" to.
The work of a kingly palace-gate.
as
You, lord archbifhop, and you, lordMowbray, Milk will fbon feparate itfelf into a cream,
Paradife Loft. capital trcafon I attach you both.
and a more ferous liquor, which, after twelve
Of Sbakejpeare,
What is extracted by water from coffee is the To feize in a judicial manner. days, attains to the higheft degree of acidity.
3.
oil, which often fwims atip of the decoction. Arbutbnot on Aliments.
France hath fiaw'd the league, and hath ai-
Arbutbnot on Aliments.
tacb'd 2. To arrive at.
ATR AEILA'RIAN. adj. [from atra bilis, Our merchants goods at Bourdeaux. is too wonderful for me ; it ii
Such knowledge
Sbakefp.
black choler.] Melancholy; replete with
4. To lay hold on, as by power. high cannot attain unto it.
;
I
Pfalm cxxxix. 6.
black choler. I cannot blame thee, To have knowledge in moft objects of contem-
The atrabilarian conftitution, or a black, vif- Who am plation, is what the mind of one man can hardly
myfelf attach' d with wearinefs,
To attain unto. Locke.
cous, pitchy confidence of the fluids, makes all th* dulling of my fpirits.
Sbakefpeart.
fecretions difficult and fparing.
5. To win ; to gain over ; to enamour. ATTA'IN. n.f. [from the verb.] The
Arbutbnot on Diet.
Songs, garlands, flow'rs, thing attained ; attainment : a word not
ATRABILA'RIOUS. adj. [from atra bilis, And charming fymphonies, attacb'd the heart in ufe.
black choler.] Melancholick. Of Adam. Milton's Paradife Loft.
Crowns and diadems, the moft fplendid ter-
The blood, deprived of its due proportion of 6. To fix to one's intereft. rene attains, are akin to that which to-day it
ferum, or finer and more volatile parts, is atrabi- Thegreat and rich depend on thofe whom in the field, and to-morrow is cut down.
larkus ; whereby it is rendered grofs, black, unc- their power or their wealth attaches to them. Glandule's Scspjis.
tuous, and earthy. S^uincy.
From this black aduil ftate of the blood, they
Rogers. ATTA'IN ABLE-, adj. [from attain.] That
are atrabilanr.us.
ATTA'CHMENT. n.f. [attacbement, Fr.] which may be attained
jlrbutbnot on Air. ; procurable.
1 . Adherence ; fidelity. He wilfully neglefls the obtaining unfpeakablc
ATR ABILA'RIOUSNESS. n.f. [from atra- The Jews are remarkable for an attachment to
good, which he is perfuaded is certain and attain-

bilarioits.] The
of being melan- Itate theirown country. Addifon. able. Tillotfon.
choly ; repletion with melancholy. 2. Attention ; regard. None was
propofed that appeared certainly at-
ATRAME'NTAL. adj. [from atramentum, The Romans burnt this laft fleet, which is ano- tainable, or of value enough. Rogers.
ther mark of their fmall attachment to the fea.
ink. Lat.] "Inky; black. ATTA'INABLENESS. n. f. [from attain-
Arbutbnot on Coins.
able.] The quality of being attainable.
If we enquire in what part of vitriol this atra-
mer.ta!and denigrating condition lodgeth, it will 3. An apprehension of a man to bring 1'crfons become often enamoured of- outward
feem efpecuDy to lie in the more fixed fait thereof. him to anfwer an aftion ; and fome-
beauty, without any particular knowledge of its
Brmvn't Vulgar Err'.nr;. times it extends to his moveables. pofleflbr, or its attainablcnefs by them. Cbeyne.
ATRAME'NTOUS. [from atramentum, Foreign attachment, is the attachment of ATTAINDER,
adj. 4. n.f. [from. To attain.}
ink, Lat.] Inky ; black. a foreigner's goods found within a city, The of attainting in law; convic-
aft
I.
I am not fathfied, that thofe black and atra-
which feem
to fatisfy creditors within a
city. tion of a crime. See To ATTAINT.
ii
fpots, to rcprcfent them, arc
ocular. ToATTA'CK. v.a. [attaquer, Fr.]
Brwin.
The ends in calling a parliament were chiefly
to have the attainders of all of his party revcrfed ;
Wicked To affault an enemy oppofed to
1 . : de-
ATRO'CIOUS.^. [/rc*,Lat.] and, on the other fide, to attaint by parliament hif
in a high degree ; enormous ; fence. enemies. Bacon.
horribly The fronti the rear
criminal.
Attack, while Yvo thunders in the centre. Philips.
ti. Taint; fully of charadter.
An advocate is necclT.iry, and therefore audi- Thofe that attack generally get the victory,
So fmooth he daub'd his vicewith (new of virtue,
ence ought not to be denied him in defending He liv'd from all attainder of fufpec~l. Sbakefp.
though with difadvantage of ground.
caufes, unlefs it be an atrocious offence.
Cane's Campaigns. ATTAINMENT, n.f. [from attain.]
Ayliffe's Parergon. 2. To impugn in
any manner, as with 1. That which is attained ; acquifition.
ATHO'CIOUSLY. adv. [from atrocious.] In We
fatire, confutation, calumny ; as, the difpute with men that count it' a great al-
an atrocious manner ; with great wick- ta'ir.mcnt to be able to talk much, and little to the
dcclaimer attacked the reputation of his
ednefs. purpofc. Glanville,
adverfaries. Our
ATRO'CIOUSNESS. attainments are mean, compared with the
.

n.f.
[from atrocious.]
ATTA'CK. Grew.
The quality of being cnormoufly crimi-
n.f. [from the verb.] Anaffault perfection of the univerfe.

nal. upon an enemy. 2. The aft or power of attaining.

Mefior oppofes, and continues the attack; in The Scripture muft be fumcient to imprint in
ATRO'CITY. n.f. [atrocitas, Lat.] Hor- which Sarpedon makes the firft breach in the wall. us the character of all things acceflary for the
rible wickednefs ; excefs of wickednefs. attainment of eternal life. Hooka.
Pope's Iliad.
R 3. Education
 ATT ATT ATT
Education in extent more Urge, of time (horter, To ATTE'MPER. v. a. [alttmfero, Lat.] The crow doth fing as fweetly as the Merit,
and of attainment more certain. Alilicn. When neitheris attended.
Sttttfpean.
. To mingle ; to weaken by the mixture
Government is an art above the attainment of
of fomething elfe ; to dilute. 2. To wait on ; to accompany as an infe-
an ordinary genius. :'/' -\'
riour, or a fervant.
and drawj th:
If the fame actions be the inftruments both of Nobility attempers fovereignty,
afide from the line His companion, youthful Valentine,
eyes of the people fomewhat
acquiring fame and procuring this happlnefs, they Bacon. Attends the emperour in his royal court. Stakcjp.
would nevcrthclefs fail in the attainment of this royal.
laft end, if they proceeded from a defire of the Attemper' d funs arifc, ;. To
accompany as an enemy.
fii.t.
Swcet-beam'd, and (hcdding oft thro' lucid clouds He was at prefent ftrong enough to have flopped
Addifcn.
The great care of God for our falvation mud
A pleafing calnt. Tbmfon. or attended" Waller in his weftern expedition.

appear in the concern he exprefled for our attain-

,. To foften ; to mollify. Clarendon,

ment of it. Rogers.

His early providence could likewifc have attem-
(..
To be prefent with, upon a fummons.
Baccn.
o ATTA'INT. <v. a. [atttnter, Fr.] pered his nature therein. To accompany to be appendant to.
;
5.
Thofe fmiling eyes, attempting ev'ry ray,
England is fo idly king'd,
1. To difgrace ; to cloud with ignominy. Shone fweetly lambent with ccleftial day. Pcpe. Her fceptre fo fantaftically borne,
His warlike fliield ,. To
mix in ju(t proportions ; to regu- That fear attends her not. Stakefpeare..
Wjs all of diamond perfect pure and clean,
i) .-receding (June his glittering ray,
late. Mypray'rs and wilhes always (ha!l at:erd
She to her gucfts doth bounteous banquet dight, The friends of Rome. Addifon'i
i

That I'horbus goUen face it did attaint,

well for health and for delight. -
A
Altar.ptrd, goodly, vehement, burning, fixed, pungent pain in the
As when a cloud his beams doth overlay.
Spenfer. ftomach, attended with a I- ver. Arbutb. on D:et.
Fairy Queen, To fit to elfe. 6. To This fenfe is French.
..
fomething expeft.
2. To attaint is particularly ufed for fuch Phemius of gods and heroes old,
! let arts So dreadful a temped, as all the people attended
as are found/guilty of fome crime or Atttmper'd to the lyre, your voice employ. Pope. therein the very end of the world, and jud,;

offence,and especially of felony or trea- To ATTE'MPERATE. <v. a. \attcmpero, d.iy. Raleigh's 11

ion. A
man is attainted two ways, by Lat.] To proportion to fomething. 7. To wait on, as on a charge.
The fifth had charge fick perions to attend,
Attainder Hope muft be proportioned and attemperatc to
appearance, or by procefs. the promife exceed that temper and propor-
;
if it And comfort thofc in point of death which Uy.
by appearance is by confeffion, battle, tion, it becomes a tumour and tympany of hope. Spet:fer,
or verdict. Confeffion is double ; one Hammond's Pratl. Catectifm. 8. To be confequent to.
at the bar before the judges, when the To ATTE'MPT. <v. a. [attenter, Fr.] The Duke made that unfortunate defcent u;-or.

To attack; to invade; to venture upon. Rhce, which was afterwards attended with many
prifoner, upon his indictment read, be- 1.
Clarendon.
He flattYing his difpleal'ure, unprofperous attempts.
ing aflced guilty or not guilty, anfwers o. To remain to to await to be in ftore
Tript me behind, got praifes of the king ; ;
Guilty, never putting himfelf upon the For him attempting, who was felf-fubdu'd.' Sbjk. for.
verdift of the jury. The other is be- Who, in all things wife and jufl, To him, who hath a profpecl of the (rate that
fore the coroner or fanfluary, where he, Hinder'd not Satan to attempt the mind attends all men after this, the meafures of good
upon his confeflion, was in former times Of man, with ftrcngth entire and free-will arm'd. and evil are changed. Locke,
conftrained to abjure the realm ; which Miltin. 10. To wait for infidioufly.
kir.d is called attainder 2. To try ; to endeavour. Thy interpreter, full of defpight, bloody as the
by abjuration. have neverthclefs attempted to fend unto you,
I hunter, attends thee at the orchar
Attainder by battle is, when the party
for the renewing of brotherhood and friendfliip. Sbjtejp. TtuclftL Night.
appealed, and choofmg to try the truth I Mac. xii. 17.
n. To be bent upon any objeft.
by combat rather than by jury, is van- To ATTE'MPT. <v. n. To make an attack. Their hunger thus appeas'd, their care attends
quifhed. Attainder by verdict is, when 1 hardy to attemft upon a name,
have been fo The doubtful fortune of their abUnt friends.
the prifbner at the bar, anfwering to which among fome is yet very facred. Glen. Step. Drydc*.
Horace his monfter with woman's head above, 12. To
the indictment Not guilty, hath an in- flay for.
and filhy extreme below, anfwers th: (nape of the 1 died whilft in the womb he (laid,
queft of life and death pafling upon him, ancient Syrens that attempted upon Ulyli'es.
Attending nature's law.
.
/ CynibeKne,
and is by the verdift pronounced guil- \ Brown's Vulvar Errours. I haften to our own; nor will reia.e

ty. Attainder -by procefs is, where a ATTE'MPT. n.f. [from the verb.] Great Mithridates' and rich Crocfus' fate ;
party flies, and is not found till five . An attack. Whom Solon wifely counlcll'd to attend
times called publickly in the county, If be always prepared to receive an enemy,
we The name of happy, till he,know his end. Creccb.
we (hall long live in peace and quietncfs, without Three days 1
promis'J to attend my doom,
and at laft outlawed upon his default. And two
any attempts upon us. Baeon. long days and nights are yet to come.

Were it not an endlefs trouble, that no tvaito 2. An efi'ay ; an endeavour. Dryden.

Alack ! I am afraid they have
awak'd, To ATTE'ND. <v. n.
or felon (hould be attainted, but a parliament mud
be called ?
And 'tis not done ; th' att,m;'t, and not the deed, 1. To yield attention.
Spenftr
I muft offend before I be attainted.
Confounds us. &L-jkc(pearcs Mncbetk. Bur, thy relation now for I attend, !

Sbaktjpcare He would have cry'd; but hoping that he with thy words.
,: MUton.
ij.
To ; to corrupt.
taint
dreamt, Since man cannot at the fame time attend to t\o
My tender youth was never yet attaint Amazement tied his tongue, and ftopp'd th' attempt. objects, if you employ your fpirit upon a book or
With any pa/lion of inflaming love. Sbaiefpeare Dryder. a bodily labour,jou have no room left for fenfual
*
I fubjoin the following attempt towards a natural
ATTA'INT. a./, [from the verb.] temptationj layhr*.

1. Any thing injurious ; as illnefs, weari

hiftory of foilils. 'ward on Fojjils. 2. To ftay to delay.
;
ATTE'MPTABLE. adj. [from attempt.^ This fell true cauff, and laft good end,
nefs. This fenfe is now obfolete. Liable to attempts or attacks. She cannot here fo well and truly fee;
Nor doth he dedicate one jut of colour The gentleman \ouching his to be more fair, For this perfection (he muft yet attend,
Unto the weary and all-watched night j than the raref Till to her Maker {he efpoufed be. Davits*
virtuous, wife, and lefs attemptal'ii,
But frelhly looks, and overbears attaint Plant anemonjes after the firft rains, if you
of our ladies. Sbakefpeare.
With cheerful femblancc.
SenryV will have flowers very forward ; but it is furer to
Sbakcfp. ATTE'MPTER. n.f. [from attemft.]
a. Stain taint. atttnd till October. Evelyn.
; fpot ;
1 The perfon that attempts
. an invader.
No man hath a virtue that he has not a glimpf
The bun of
;

God, with godlike force endu'd 3 . To wait ; to be within reach or call.

of; nor any man an attaint, but he carries fom The charge thereof unto a covetous fprite
Againft \\\
attempt er of thy Father's throne. Milt
fliin of it. Commanded was, who thereby did attend
Sbakrjpean 2. An endeavourer. And warily awaited.
3, [Inhorfemanmip.] A blow or wound o You are no factors for glory or treafure, bu
Fairy <$utent

the hinder feet of an horfe. Far. Dilt difinterelted attemptcrs for the univerfal good. 4. To wait, as compelled by authority.
If any miniftrr rcfufed to admit a lecturer re-
Glanviile's Scepfls
ATTA'INTURI. ./. [from attaint.] Le commended by him, he was required to attend
To ATTE'ND. -v. a. [altendre, Fr. cttt <nio
gal cenfure ; reproach ; imputation. upon the committee , and not difchargeJ ti.l the
Humc'j knavery will be the duchcfs's Lat.] houfes met again. Clarendon*
wreck,
And her attair.ture will be Humphry's fall. Sbai 1. To regard ; to fix the upon. mind ATTE'N DANCE, n.f. [attendance, FT.]
Thediligent pilot, in a dangerous tempeft, dot]
To ATTA'MINATE. -v.a. [attamino,'L3t.
a
not attend the uullulful words of paffsnger.
The aft of waiting on another ; or of
i .

To corrupt; o fpoil. Sidny ferving.

l:danc.
 ATT ATT ATT
I dance attendant! here, Being denied communication hy their ear, t!iei ATTENU'ATION. n. /. [from attenuate.'}
] think the duke will not be fpoke withal. Sbak. eyes are more vigilant, atttnt, and heedful. Haider The aft of making any thing thin or
For he, of whom thefe things are fpoken, per- To want of judging abilities, we may add thei:
flender
taineth to another tribe, of which no man gave want' jjf leifure to apply their minds to fuch a ; leflening.
Chiming with a hammer upon the outfide of a
attendance at the altar. Heb. vii. 13. ferious and attcr.t consideration. Scutt
The bell, the found will be according to the inward
other, after many years attendance upon A'TTENTATES. n. f. [attentata, Lat."
concave of the beil ; whereas the elifion or atte-
the duke, was now one of the bedchamber to the
Clarendon*
Proceedings in a court of judicature nuation of the air, can be
only between the ham-
prince.
2. Service. pending fuit, and after an inhibition is mer and the outfide of the bell. Baccn.
decreed and gone out ; thofe things A'TTER. n.f. [atep, Sax. venom.] Cor-
Why might not you, my lord, receive attendance
From thofe that me calls fervants ?' which are done after an extrajudiciai rupt matter. A word much ufed in.
-
Sbaktfpearc* t King Lear. appeal, may likewife be ililed attentates. Lincolnfliire. Skinner.
3. The perfons waiting ; a train.
Ayliffe.
To ATTE'ST. v. a. [atte/lor, Lat.]
Attendance none (hall need, nor train where none ATTE'NTION. To
n.f. {attention, Fr.] The bear witnefs of ; to witnefs.
; 1 .
Are to behold thejudgment, but the judg'd,
Thofe two.
aft of attending or heeding ; the aft oi Many particular facts are recorded in holy writ,
Milton's Paradije Lc/l. by particular pagan authors.
4. Attention
bending the mind upon any thing. attejled Addifon.
; regard.
They fay the tongues of dying men
2. To call to witnefs; to invoke as con-,
Give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to
Jnfnrce attention like deep harmony. fcious.
doclrine. I Tim. iv. 15. Sbakefpeare.
He perceived nothing but filence, and figns of The facrcd ftreams, which heav'n's imperial
5. Expeftation : a fenfe now out of ufe. attention to what he would further fay. Bacon ftatc
That which caufeth bitternefs in death, is the But him the gentle angel by the hand Atttjii in oaths, and fears to violate.
Dryden.
languishing attendance and expectation thereof ere Soon
it come. tfc-.ker.
rais'd, and his attention thus recall'd. Milton. ATTE'ST. n.f. [from the verb.] Witnefsj
By atter.ticn, the ideas that offer themfelves are
atteftation.
ATTE'NDANT. aJj. [attendant, Fr.] Ac- taken notice of, and, as it were, regiftered in the
teftimony ;
The attejl of eyes and ears.
Sbakcfpcare..
companying as fubordinate, or confe- memory. Locke.
With the voice divine
Attentbn is a very neceflary thing; truth doth
quential.
not always ftrike the foul at fird fight.
Nigh thunderftruck, th' exalted man, to whom
Other funs, perhaps, Watts. Such high arteft was giv'n, a while furvey'd
With moons, thou wilt defcry,
their attendant ATTE'NTIVE. adj. [from attent.~\ Heed- With wonder. Paradife Regained.
Communicating male and female light. Far. Left. ful regardful ;
; fullof attention. ATTESTA'TION. Tef-
n.f. [from attejl.]
ATTE'NDANT. n.f. Being moved with thefe, and the like your ef- witnefs ; evidence.
fectual difcourfes, whereunto we gave mod attent-
timony ;
1. One that attends. There remains a fecond kind of peremptori-
will be returned forthwith ive ear, till they entered even unto our fouls.
I
;
difmifs your at- nefs, of thofe who can make no relation without:
tendant there look it be done. Hooker. an atttjiation of its certainty. Gov.
; Sbakefp. Oiii.i^. of tbs Tcnpue*
I'm never merry when I hear fweet mufick.
3.. Onethat belongs to the train.
The
The
next coal-pit, mine, quarry, or chalk-pit,
When feme gracious monarch dies, reafon is, yoar fpirits me attentive. will give atttjiation to what I write thefe aie fo ;

Soft whifpers firft and mourniul murmurs Sbakejf tare's Merchant cf Venice. obvious that I need not feek for a
rife
I faw mod of them attentive to three Sirens, dif- compurgator.
Among the fad attendants. Dryden. Woodward's Natural Uijtory,.
tiguiihed by the names of Sloth, Ignorance, and We may
3. One that waits the pleafure of another, P,eafure. Taller.
derive a probability from the attefla..
tion men by word or writing, o r
of wife and honeft
as a fuitor or agent. A critick is a man who, on all occafions, is
the concurring witnefs of multitudes who hav e
1 endeavour that my reader may not wait long more attentive to what is wanting than what is
feen and known what they relate. Watts,
for my meaning : to give an attendant quick dif- prefent. Addifi,
patch is a civility. Burnit's Ti'iory. Mufick's force can tame the furious bead To ATTI'NGE. <v. a.
\_attingo, Lat.] To
j

4. One that is
prefent at any thing.
Can make the wolf or foaming boar rcltr.iin touch lightly or gently. Diff.
He wai His rage ; the lion drop his c. cited main, ATTl'RE.
a con.tan: alterttar.! a: jll
meetings re-
Attentive to the fong.
To if. a. [attircr,
Fr.] To
lating to charity, without contr.buting. Swift. Prior.
drefs ; to habit ; to array.
5. [In law.]
One
that oweth a duty or ATTENTIVELY, adv. [from at tent I've.] Let it likewife your gentle bread infpire
fervice to another ; or, after a fort, de- Heedful'y ; carefully. With fwcet infuHon, and put you in mind.
If a man look iharply and he Of rhatproud whom now tholb leaves attire,.
pendeth upon another. Ccivell.
fee
attentively, (hall maid,
Fortune;' for though flie be blind, (he not
is Proud Daphne.
6. Th^t which is united with another, as Sfen/er^
a concomitant or confequent.
invifible. Baccn. My Nan (hall be the queen of all the fainei ;.
The caufe of cold is a quick fpirit in a cold
Finely attired in a robe of white.
Govern well thy appetite, leii fin
body ; as will appear to any that (hall attentively Shakcfffare's Merry Wives ofWmdfor.
Surprize thee, and her black at.\r.,lant, death. confider nature. Bacon. With the linen mitre lhall he be attired..
Miltm. ATTE'NTIVE NESS. n.f. [from attentive.] Lev. xvi. 4.
fecurc thrmfelves from doing no-
They firft
The ftate of being attentive j heedful- Nowthe fappy boughs
thing, and then from d"ing ill
;
the one being Attire themfelves with blooms.
fo clofe an attendant on the other, that it is fcarce nefs ; attention. Pbilipi.
At the relation of the queen's death, ATTJ'RE. n.f. [from the verb.]
poJTibic to ie\er them. Decay of Fitly. bravely
He had an unlimited fenfe of fame, the att,nd- confefled and lamented by tire how ntttn- king, 1. Clothes; drefs; habit.
ant of nobie fphits, which prompted him to engage tivintft wounded his daughter. Sbak. W:r.. Tale. It is no more dilgrace to
Scripture to have left
in travels.
Po}e. ATTE'NUANT. adj. [attentions, Lat.] things free to be ordered by the church, than for
It is hard to take into view all the attendants or What has the power of making thin, Nature to have left it to the wit of man to devife
confequents that wi.l be concerned in a quelrion. his own attire. Hooker*
or diluting.
Watts. Alter that the Roman attire grew to be in ac-
ATTE'NDER. Com-
To ATTE'NUATE. a. [attenuo,
-v.
Lat.] count, and the gown to be in ufe among them.
n.f. [from attend.}
aiTociate.
To make thin, or flender : oppofed to Davies on Ireland.
panion ;
The condenfe, or incraffate, or thicken. Thy famptuous buildings, and thy wife's attire,
gypfies were there,
.tr part Hath cod mafs of publick treafury.
a
Like lords to appear, belonging to the juice of grapes,
With fuch their atiendtn being attenuated and fubtilized, was changed into Sbakeffcare's Henry VI. p. ij.
As you thought offenders. an ardent fpitit. And in this coarfe attire, which I now wear,
Ben yr,nfct. Boyle.
With God and with the Mules I confer. Donne,.
ATTB'NT. Vinegar curd, put upon an egg, not only dif-
i#. [atlentus, Lat.] Intent; folves the (hell, but alfo attenuates the white con- When lavim nature, with her bed attire,
attentive ; heedful ; regardful. tained in it into a limpid water. Clothes the gay fpring, the feafon of defire. Waller*
Now mir.e eyes (hail be op.n, and mine ears
Wfiman's Surg. I pafs their form, and
It of the nature of acids to diiTolve or at-
is ev'ry charming grace,
ttttr.t unto the prayer that is made in this place. But their attire, like liveries of a kind,
tenuate, and of alkalies to precipitate or incraffate.
1 Cbrsn. vii. All rich and rare, is frcfh within
I
5. Nfiotons Of ticks. my mind. Diyd,
What can then be lefs in me than defire The ingredients are digefled and attenuated by
To fee thee, and approach thee, whom 1 know
2. [In hunting.] The horns of a buck or
heat; they are ftirred and conftantly agitated by itag.
Declar'd the Son of God, to hear attins
winds. Arbmbna.
Thy wildom, and behold thy goulike deeds ? Milt. 3. [In botany.] The flower of a plant is
Read
jo.ir chapter in your prayers : little intcr-
ATTE'NUATE. adj. [from the verb.] divided into three
Made thin, or flender. parts, the empalc-
niptions wjll rr.ake your prayer? lefs tedious, and
ment, the foliation, and the attire,
youiielf more dittnt upon them. Vivification ever conliftcth in fpirits
attenuate,
Taylir'l Guide It Devttun. which the cold doth congeal and coagulate. Baton. which is either florid or fcmiform.
 ATT ATT ATT
./ attirt, called thrums or fuits, as I. To perform by proxy. it not improbable but there my be more alirtfTive
in the flowers of marigold and tanfey, Their encounters, though nat perfonil, have powers than thcfc. Nttvl'jii.
been royally attornied with interchange of 2.
confills fometimcs of two, but commonly giYti. Inviting ; alluring ; enticing.
of three parts. The outer part is the atSufpearl. Happy ib Hcrmia, wherefoe'er ihe lies;
z. To employ as a proxy. Fur (he hath b.etl'cd and attractive eyes.
Sbattfp.
floret,the body of which is divided at As 1 was then 1 plcas'd, and with attractive graces won,
the top, like the cowflip flower, into Advertifing, and holy to your biifmrfs, The moft averfc, thee chiefly. M,.: r.
Nor changing heart with habit, I ain ftill ATTRA'CTIVE. n.f. [from attract.'} That
five diltinct parts. Scmiform attire con-
Ms of two parts, the chives and apices; Atttrn'itd 10 your fervicc. Sbakefpeare. which draws or incites ; allurement :
one upon each attire. Di3. ATTO'RNEYSHIP. n. f. [from attorney.'] is of a
except that atlra8i<vc good or
ATTI'RER. n.f. [from attire.] One that The office of an attorney ; proxy ; "vi- indifferent fenfe, and allurement gene-
carious agency.
. ires another ; a drefler. Difl.
But marriage is a matter of more worth, rally bad.
The
condition of a fervant (laves h'm oft" to a
A'TTITUDE../. [attitude, Fr. from at to, Than to be dealt in by Mfmeyfliip. Sbakeffeare. diftancc but the gofpcl fpeajcj nothing but at-
Jtal.] The pofture or action in which A T TV u R N M E N T . n.f. [ attournemint , Fr. ] ;

traBives and invitation. South.

a ftatue or painted figure is placed. A yielding of the tenant to a new lord, ATTRA'CTIVELY. ad<v. [from attractive.]
Bernini would have taken his opinion upon the
or acknowledgment of him to be his With the power of attracting or draw-
beauty and attitude of a figure. Frier's Drdicatkn.
lord ; for, otherwife, he that
They wen famous originals that gave rife to buyeth or ing.
ftatucs, with he fame air, pofture, and attitudes. obtained! any lands or tenements of ATT R A'CT i vEN E ss. ./[froni attractive.]
Addijen. another, which are in the occupation of The quality of being attractive.
ATTO'LLENT. adj. [altollens, Lat.] That a third, cannot get pofTeffion. Co-well. ATTRA'CTOR. n.f. [from attrafl.] The
which raifes or lifts up. To ATTRA'CT. v. a [attrako, attraQum, a drawer.
agent that attracts
.
;
I ihall farther take notice of the
exquifite libra- the draws be in oil, amber draweth
tion of the attslient and d:priment mufcles.
Lat.] It"

Dertaat's PbyfKo-Tiit>Igy.
1 . To draw to fomething. not; oil makes the ttraws to adhere fo, that they

AIVO'RNEY. n.f. low Lat.

A man fhould icarce perfuade the affecVions
cannot rife unto the attraUor. Union's fu.'g. Err.
\_attornatus, of the loadftone, or that jet and amber attrafletb A'TTRAHENT. n. /. [attrabens, Lat.]
Irom tour, Fr. Celui <jui <vie/it a tour d'au- ftraws and light bodies. Union's That which draws.
Vulgar Errours.
trui ; qui alterius I'ices fubit .] The fmgle atoms each to other tend, Our eyes will inform us of the motion of the
1. Such a perfon as by confent, command- Attrafi, atlrafiedto, the next in place fteel to its attrabext, Glanville's Scepfis.
Form'd and impell'd its neighbour to embrace.
ment, or requeft, takes heed, fees, and ATTRECTA'TION../ [attreftatio, Lat.]
takes upon him the charge of other Pope, Dif.
2. To allure to invite. Frequent handling.
;
men's bufineis, in their abfence. At- Adorn'd
ATTRI'BUTABLE. adj. [altribuo, Lat.]
torney is either general or fpecial: At- She was indeed, and lovely, to attrali That which may be afcribed or attri-
torney general is he that by general au- Thy love } not thy fubjection. Milton. buted ; afcribable ; imputable.
or Shew the care of approving all actions fo as Much of the origination of the Americans feems
thority is
appointed to all T>ur affairs
fuits of the king,
as ihe attorney general may moft effectually attrafl all to this prorefiion. to be attributable to the migrations of the Seres.
;
Hammond. ;/. .

which is nearly the lame with Procura- Dei^n to be lov'd, and ev'ry heart fubdue To
!
v. a. [attribuo, Lat.]
tor Ctrfaris in the Roman empire. At- What nymph could e'er attract fuch crowds as ATTRIBUTE,
I. To afcribe ; to give ; to yield as due.
torneys general are made either by the >ou? Pope. To their very bare judgment Ibmewhat
ATTRA'CT. n.f. [from To attraS.] At-
king's letters patent, or by our ap- man would attribute, notwithilandin^
fonable tl.e
traction the power of drawing not in common imbecillities which are incident unto our
pointment before juftices in eyre, in ; :

ufe. nature. H^jker,

open court. Attorney fpecial or particu- We God that hath any re-
Feel darts and charms, attrafls and flames, attribute nothing to
lar, is he that is employed in one or And woo and contract in their names. Hudibras. Power and wif-
pugnancy or contradiction in it.
more caufes particularly fpecified. There
AT T R A'C T cA dom have no repugnancy in them.
i \..
adj. [from attracJ.] Hav-
are alfo, in refpect of the divers courts, z. To
ing the power to draw to it. impute, as to a canfe.
attorneys at large, and attorneys fpecial, Some ftones are endued with an elecVical or
I have obferved
a campania determine contrary

belonging to this or that court only. attraflical virtue.

to appearances, by the caution and conduit of a
Ray on the Creation.
general, which were attributed to his ijirirmitics.
Co*well. ATTRA'CTION. n.f. [from attract.]
common Temple,
Attcrneys in law, are nearly the fame i. The
power of drawing uiy thing. The imperfection of telefcopes is attributed to
with proors in the civil law, and iolicitors in The drawing of amber and jet, and otner elec-
fpherical glafics; and mathematicians have pro-
courts of equity.
Attorneys fue out writs or pro- trick bodies, and the attratTun in gold of the them by the conical fcftions.
pounded to figure
cefs, or commence, carry on, and defend actions,
fpirit of quickfilver at diftance ; and the attraction Newton's Ofticks*
or other proceedings, in the names of other per- of heat at diftance ; and that of fire to
naphtha ; A'T T R i B u T E .
n.f. [ from To attribute. ]
fons, in the courts of common laV. None are and that of fome herbs to water, though at dif-
admitted to al without having ferved a clerkfhip tance ; and divers others, we fliall handle. Bacon.
1. The thing attributed to another, as
for five years, taking the proper oath, being en- Loadftones and touched needles," laid long in perfection to the Supreme Being.
rolled, and examined by the judges. The attor- light, -virtue, wifdom, and goodnefs,
Power,
quickfilviT, have not amitieJ their aitradi'.n.
ney general pleads within the bar. To him come Brown's Vulgar Errours. being but attributes of one fimplc effence, and
ali
warrants for making out patents, pardons, &ff. AttraSion of one God, wo in all admire, and in part difcern.
may be performed by
impulfe, or fome
and he is the principal manager "M" all law affairs other means ufe that word, to fignify any force
1
; Raltigb.
of the crown. Chambers. which bodies tend towards one another. Your vain poets after did miftake,
by
I am a fubjcc"t,
Niiuton's Opticks, Who ev'ry attribute a goj did make. Dryden.
And challenge law :
attorneys are deny'J
me, The power of All the perfections of God arc called his at-
And therefore perfonally 1 lay my claim
z. alluring or enticing. tributes ; for he cannot be without them.
To mine inheritance. Setting the attraction of my good parts afide, I
Sbalejpeare. Watts's Legick*
have no. other charm*.
The king's attorney, on the contrary, Sbatefpeart,
ATTRA'CTIVE. adj. [from attrafl.
2. Quality ; charafteriftic difpofition.
Urg'd on examinations, proofs, conr'eflions. ~\
They muft have thefe three attributes they muft
power to draw any thing.
;
i. Having the
Sbakefpeare. be men of courage, fearing God, and hating co-
Defpairing quacks with curfcs fled the place, What if the fun vetoufnefs. Bacon,
And vile attorneys, now an ufelefs race. Be centre to the world and other liars,
2. It was anciently ufed for thofe who did
Pope.
By his attrafii've virtue,
;

and their own, 3. A thing belonging to another ; an ap-

Incited, dance about him various rounds ? Milton. pendant ; adherent.
any bufmefs for another ; now only in Some, the round earth's cohtiion to fccurc, His fceptic (hews the forc.2 of temporal pow'r.
law. For that hard talk employ magnctick power ; The attribute to awe and majefly :
I will attend my hu/band it is
my
; office; Remark, fay they, the globe with wonder own But mercy is above this fceptcr'd
fway,
And will have no attorney but m; I'clr"; Its nature, like the fam'd attractive ftone. It is an attribute to God himfelf.- Sbaltffearc.
And therefore let me have him home. Sbakefp. Blackmere. The fculptor, to diftinguiih him, gave him.
9'o ATTO'RNEV. v. a. [from the noun; Bodies aft by the attractions of gravity, mag- what the medalilts call his proper attributes, a
the verb ij now not in ufe.] neiifm, and electricity ; and thefe inltanccs make fpcar and a ihicld. Addifon.
4. Rep a-
 A V A A V A A U D
4. Reputation ; honour.
For
Yet would he
all that elfe did come were
further none but icr avail.
i'ure to fail ;
enough.] Enough ; ceafe. A word ufed
Sfeafti
It takes
1 charge thee,
among feamen.
\avant, Fr.] A word
From our achievements, tho* performed at height. As heav'n work me AVA'UNT.
fliall in for thine avail, interjeft.
The pith and marrow of our attribute. Sbakefp
ATTRIBUTION. n.f. [ from To attribute .
To tell me truly. Sbakefpeare
of abhorrence, by which any one is
Truth, light upon this way, is of no more ava driven away.
Commendation ; qualities afcribed. to us than errour. Lick*.
O, he is bold, and bluihes not at death ;
If fpeaking truth, AVA'ILABLE. adj. [from avail.] Attfunt, thou hateful villain, get thee gone !

In this fine age, were not tkought flatter)',

I . Profitable ; advantageous. kbaktfpeare.
Such attribution (houki the uouglafs have, After this
As not a foldier of this feafon's ftamp Mighty is the efficacy of fuch interceffions t procel's

judgments how much more available the

avert ;
Togive her the avauntl it is a pity
Should go fo general current through the world Would move a monlrer.
may they be to fecure the continuance of bleffmgs Sbakcfp. Henry VIII.
Sbakefpectre Miflrefs diimifs that rabble from your throne.
!

We fuffer to perfuade us we are as gods

him Atterbury
All things fubject to action the will does i Avaunt / is Ariilavchus yet unknown ? Dunclad.
and never fufpect thefe glorious attributions may b
far incline unto, as reafon judges them more avail A'u B u R N E. adj. [from aubaur, bark, Fr.]
no more than flattery. Decay of Piety able to our bills. Hater Brown of a tan colour.
ATTRI'TE. Lat.] Ground
;
adj. [attritus, z. Powerful ; in force ; valid. Her hair is mine is
auburne, perfect yellow.
worn by rubbing. Laws human are available by confent. Hcoker Shakeffeare.
Or, by collifion of two bodies, grind Drake put one of his men to death, having r His auburne locks on either (houlder flow'd,
The air attrite to fire. Milton
authority nor commiHion available. Which flffihefun'ral of his friend he vow'd. Dryd,
Raleigh
ATTRI'TENESS. tr.f. [from attrite.] The AVA'ILABLENESS. n.f. [from available. Lo, how the arable with barley grain
Stands thick, o'ermadow'd ; thefe, as modern ufe
being much worn. 1 Power of promoting the end for whici .

Ordjins, infus'd, in auburne drink compofe,

ATTRI'TIOX. n.f. [atfritio, Lat.] it is ufed.
deathlefs fame.
Wholefome, of Philips.
I . The aft of wearing things, by rubbing We dift'er from
that fuppofition of the efficacy
A'UCTION. n.f. [audio, Lat.]
one again ft another. oravailabfcnefi, or luitablenefs, of thefe to the end
Hoi,
1. A manner of fale, in which one perfon
This vapour, afcending incefTantly out of thi
bids after another, till fo much is bid as
abyfs, and pervading the ftrata of gravel, and the 2.
Legal force ; validity.
AVA'IL ABLY. adv. [from the feller is content to take.
reft, decays the bones and vegetables lodged in available.]
thofe ftrata ; this fluid, by its continual 1.
Powerfully; profitably; advantageoufly
2. The things fold by auftion.
fretting the faid bodies. Woodward 2. Aik you why Phrine the whole aufliatt buys ?

The chanje of the aliment effected by attri- is Legally ; validly. Phrine forefees a general excife. Pipe.
AVA'ILMENT. n.f. [from avail.] Ufeful-
ticn of the inward ftomach, and diflblvent liquor To A'UCTION. v.a. [from auftion.] To
aflifted with heat. Arbutbmt nefs ; advantage ; profit.
A. Theof being worn.
ftate To AVA'LE. if. a. [avaler, to let fink, Fr.
fell
by auftion.
A'UCTIONARY. adj. [from auflion.] Be-
3. [With divines.] Grief for fin, arifing To let fall ; todeprefs ; to make abjeft to an auftion.
a word out of ufe. longing
only from the fear of punifhment ; the to fink :
And much more honed to be hir'd, and (land
lowed degree of repentance. By Phabus 'gan atiale
that th' exalted
His weary wain, and now the frofty night
With aufrionary hammer in thy hand,
To ATTU'NE. v. a. [from tune.] w
Her mantle black thro' heav'n 'gan overhale.
Provoking to give more, and knocking thrice
For the old boufehold fluff, or picture's price.
1. To make any thing mufical. Spenfer.
Dryden's Juvenal.
Airs, vernal airs, He
did abafe and avail the fovereignty into
Breathing the fme'l of field and grove, attune more fervitude towards that fee, than had been
AUCTIONEER, [from auftion.] The
n. f.
The trembling leaves. Milton.
among us. (fatten perfon that manages an auction.
2. To tune one thing to another ; as, he To AVA'LE. v. n. To fink. A'UCTIVE. adj. [from auflus, Lat.] Of
attunes his voice to his harp. But when histeter ebb 'gins to avale, an increaiing quality. t>iS.
ATTU'RNEY. n.f. See ATTORNEY. Hu:;e heaps or mu.i he . -
Spfnfcr. AUCUPA'TION. f. [aucupath, Lat.] .

ATWE'EN. adv. or prep. [SCC-BETWEEN.]

AVA'NT. The front of an army. See
Fowling
bird-catching.;

Betwixt ; between ; in the midlt of two VAN. AUDA'CIOUS. adj. [audacieux, Fr. au-
things : obfolete. AVA'NT-CUARD. ;;./. \avanigardc, Fr.] dax, Lat.] Bold; impudent; daring:
Her Irwfe long yellow The van the firft body of an army.
locks, like golden wire,
always in a bad fenfe.
;

Sprinkled with pearl, and perling flowers alivren, The 'horfemcn might without diftur- ilTue forth
Such is thy audacious wickednefs,
Do, like a golden mantle, her attire. bance of the foot, and the avant-guard without
Thy lewd, peilif'rous, and diffentious pranks.
(h i.iing with the battail or arriere.
ATWI'XT. prep. [See BETWIXT.] Jn the
Hayivard. Sbakfyearc.
middle of two things obfolete. :
A'VARICE. n.f. [avarice, Fr. av.aritia, Till Jove, no longer patient, took his time

But with outrageous him reftrain, Covetoufnefs infatiable defire. T' avenge with thunder their audacious crime.
ftrokes did Lat.] ;

And There grows Dryden.

with his body barr'd the way at-wixt them
twain. my moil ill-compos'd affection, luth
In Young ftudents, by a conftant habit of difput-