L thuyt Kim Tra Phn Mm

Bi 02:
Vai tr Kim tra trong vng i phn mm

GV: Email: B mn:

Nguyn Ngc T nntu@hoasen.edu.vn K thut Phn mm

Ni dung

Nhng m hnh pht trin phn mm

M hnh ch V M hnh pht trin lp gia tng

Kim tra trong m hnh vng i phn mm Kim chng v chng thc (V & V) Cc mc kim tra Cc kiu kim tra

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Nhng m hnh pht trin PM

Quan h gia pht trin v kim tra Thch hp gia m hnh n ng cnh L do ca cc mc kim th khc nhau

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M hnh ch V

Thng lp lch, hng ti ri ro ngn sch Thc hin cc mc su hn, xy dng v kim tra M hnh quen thuc Bt n Kh lp k hoch xa Khi v k hoch, khu kim th hng chu cui cng

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M hnh ch V
Vng i ca kim nghim Li M t yu cu Sai st Thit k Li Sai st Lp trnh Sai st Kim nghim
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Sa li Gii php sa li Li

C lp li

Phn loi li Hu qu

M hnh pht trin lp gia tng

Hng ti ri ro k hoch: tip cn th trng hoc theo hn nh Tp cc c tnh pht trin t chc nng ct li C th chuyn s dng mt khi khung xong Tr thnh cch tip cn ph bin Extreme Programming , RAD , RUP

Vn xut hin li Trong hng agile, vai tr ca kim th vn c khng nh

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Kim tra trong m hnh vng i phn mm

c tnh chung ca mt kim th tt

Kim th cho mi giai an/phn pht trin Cc mc kim tra nhn mnh vo mc tiu phi hp lin tc, khng trng lp Phn tch, thit k bt u sm, ngn nga li

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Kim chng v chng thc

Verification & Validation

Kim chng Tm cc li trong tng giai on

cc hnh ng m bo cho phn mm c hin thc ng theo mt chc nng c th no

Are we building the system right?

Chng thc Tm li trong h thng, phn chuyn giao

cc hnh ng m bo cho phn mm c xy dng theo ng yu cu ca khch hng

Are we building the right system?
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Cc mc kim tra
c im An ton n nh Thit thc Kh nng thi hnh Thn thin ngi dng Chc nng Phng php n v (Unit) Thnh phn (Module) Tch hp (Integration) H thng (System) Mc chi tit
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White-box Black-box

Cc mc kim tra
requiements acceptance test spec acceptance test

specification

system test spec

system test

architecture spec Sai st detailed design

integration test spec

integration test

module test spec

module test

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Cc mc kim tra

Kim tra thnh phn Kim tra tch hp Kim tra h thng Kim tra chp nhn

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Kim tra thnh phn/n v

Component (Unit) Test

Mc tiu:

Tm li trong tng phn n l m, csdl, yu cu, thit k, cc ri ro cht lng Chc nng, s dng ti nguyn, hiu sut, cu trc Mc API (drivers , stubs), Ngi lp trnh
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C s:

Kiu kim tra:

Cng c:

Ngi thc hin:

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Kim tra thnh phn/n v

Component (Unit) Test

Tiu biu Can thip m Thc thi trong mi trng c lp Yu cu drivers, stubs c thc hin bi ngi vit chng trnh Thng c sa trc tip, khng lp bo co Pht trin theo hng kim th Pht trin tp kim th n v Xy dng v tch hp m Thc thi
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Kim tra tch hp

Mc tiu:

Tm li trong mi quan h v giao din gia cc cp, nhm thnh phn lin quan Thit k, kin trc, gin , lu . Ri ro cht lng Chc nng, ti nguyn, hiu nng Mc API , CLI , .. C ngi kim th v ngi lp trnh
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C s:

Kiu kim tra:

Cng c:

Ngi thc hin:

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Kim tra tch hp

Big bang Bottom up

Top down Backbone

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Kim tra tch hp

Nhiu hn 1 mc kim tra tch hp trong d n Tch hp thnh phn:

Tm li tng tc cc thnh phn Tm li tng tc trn ton h thng

Tch hp h thng:

Phc tp Nhiu t chc Tin trnh nghip v tng thch Hardware/system

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Kim tra h thng

Mc tiu:

Tm li trn ton b v c bit v hnh vi, chc nng, p ng ca h thng Yu cu, thit k mc cao, use cases, ri ro, kinh nghim, mi trng, checklists Chc nng, bo mt, hiu nng, tin cy, kh dng, kh chuyn, ... API, CLI, GUI, Ngi kim tra c lp
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C s:

Kiu kim tra:

Cng c:

Ngi thc hin:

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Kim tra chp nhn

Acceptance Test

Mc tiu:

Chy th sn phm sn sng cho trin khai/xut xng Yu cu, hp ng, kinh nghim Chc nng, kh chuyn, hiu nng GUI Thng l Khch hng/ngi s dng Ngi kim tra c lp
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C s:

Kiu kim tra:

Cng c:

Ngi thc hin:

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Kim tra chp nhn

Acceptance Test

Kim tra chp nhn vi NSD:

Ngi s dng nghip v xc nhn mc ph hp cho mc cho chc nng, Chp nhn bi ngi qun tr Kim chng xc nhn hp l theo hp ng. Kim th v xy dng tin cy bi cc khch hng c hay tim nng Kim th Beta v lnh vc c thc hin trong mi trng thc

Kim tra tc v (Operational testing):

Hp ng v kim tra quy tc (regulation testing):

Kim tra Alpha, Beta, v lnh vc (field testing):

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Cc kiu kim tra

Chc nng phi chc nng Cu trc Xc nhn hi quy

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Kim tra chc nng

Cc hot ng hp l, yu cu khng c cung cp, truy xut, h hng trm trng. Khng thm chc nng trong bng tnh Hin thc , khng lm vic C th ch s nguyn, khng s thc Hnh ng ng, kt qu sai Hm ADD: 2+2=5? Hm ng, kt qu ng .. Sai th hin Hm DIV: 2/2=I
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Kim tra chc nng phi chc nng

Bn a ha (Localization : user interface, operational) Chun v ng nguyn tc (regulatory compliance) X l li v phc hi Phc hi tai ha (Disaster recovery) Thc hin v phn b trn mng

Thi gian , sp xp Cht lng d liu Hon chuyn d liu Tc v Ci t Phn gii ci t X l ngy thng Ti liu

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Kim tra cu trc

Structural Tests

Trn c s h thng c xy dng nh th no ?

M D liu Thit k

Bao ph Cu trc (white box) c th c nh gi chc nng v phi chc nng non-functional (black box)

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Kim tra hi quy v xc nhn

Regression and Confirmation

Kim tra hi quy (Regression testing) Kim tra nh hng ca thay i d cho n c nh, cc b, bit lp Kim tra xc nhn (Confirmation testing) xc nhn Thay i h thng c Li c nh phi h tr theo di Lun lp li kim nh T ng, kim tra su, c ch

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Bi tp - c hiu

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c thm

[2]. Chapter 18 [4]. Chapter 12 [5]. Chapter 02 [3]. Chapter 03,04

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Q/A

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