CHNG 1: ESTE - LIPIT ESTE I. L THUYT 1.

Cu to phn t ca este R C OR' O ( R, R l cc gc hidrocacbon; R c th l H, R khc H) Khi thay nhm OH nhm cacboxyl ca axit cacboxylic bng nhm OR th c este. 2. Gi tn Tn este RCOOR = tn gc hirocacbon R + tn gc axit RCOO- (ui at) 3. Tnh cht vt l - Cc este thng l cc cht lng d bay hi, t tan trong nc, c mi thm c trng. - tan, nhit si ca este < tan, nhit si ca ancol < tan, nhit si ca axit 4. Tnh cht ha hc a. Phn ng thy phn: Mi trng axit: H + ,t 0 R COOH + ROH R-COO-R + H-OH Mi trng kim (phn ng x phng ha) t0 R-COO-R + Na-OH R COONa + R OH (Thy phn este trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch, mi trng kim l phn ng 1 chiu) Ch : -Khi thy phn cc este ca phenol: t0 R-COO-C6H5 + 2NaOH R-COO-Na + C6H5Ona + H2O -Khi thy phn mt s este c bit: t0 R-COO-CH=CH-R + NaOH R-COO-Na + RCH2CHO t0 Vd: CH3-COO-CH=CH-CH3 + NaOH R-COO-Na + CH3CH2CHO RCOOCH CH2 + NaOH RCOONa + R' C CH3 R' Vd: CH3COOCH=CH2 + NaOH CH3 O

CH3COONa + CH3 C O

CH3

(Nu sn phm phn ng thy phn l mui natri ca axit fomic HCOONa, anehit th 2 sn phm thc hin c phn ng trng gng vi AgNO3/NH3)

b. Tnh cht khc: Cc este c gc hidrocacbon khng no b.1. Phn ng cng ( vi H2 ; halogen) VD: CH3COOCH=CH2 + H2 CH3COOCH2-CH3 b.2. Phn ng trng hp ti gc hidrocacbon
CH2=CH COOCH3 CH2 CH n COOCH3
+ 0

5. iu ch
H ,t RCOOR + H2O RCOOH + ROH (Mun cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu to ra este nn ly d axit hoc d ancol v chng ct tch este ra khi h) Ch : iu ch vinyl axetat th cho axit axetic tc dng vi axetylen t 0 , xt CH3COOH + CH CH CH3COOCH=CH2 II. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: THY PHN ESTE TRONG MI TRNG KIM Cu 1: Thy phn hon ton 8,8g este n chc, mch h X vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M va thu c 8,2 g mui hu c Y v mt ancol Z. Tn gi ca X l: A. etyl fomat B. etyl propionate C. etyl axetat D. propyl axetat Cu 2: Thy phn hon ton 8,8g este n chc, mch h X vi 100ml dung dch NaOH 1M va , thu c mui hu c Y v 4,6g ancol Z. Tn gi ca X l: A. etyl fomat B. etyl propionate C. etyl axetat D. propyl axetat. Cu 3: Cho 3,7 gam este no, n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi dd KOH, thu c mui v 2,3 gam ancol etylic. Cng thc ca este l A. CH3COOC2H5 B. C2H5COOCH3 C. C2H5COOC2H5 D. HCOOC2H5. Cu 4 : X phng ha 8,8 gam etylaxetat bng 150ml dd NaOH 1M. Sau khi p. xy ra hon ton, c cn dd thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l: A. 3,28 g B. 8,56 g C. 10,20 g D. 8,25 g Cu 5: X phng ha 8,8 gam etylaxetat bng 50ml dd NaOH 1M. Sau khi p. xy ra hon ton, c cn dd thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l: A. 4,1 g B. 8,5 g C. 10,2 g D. 8,2 g Cu 6 : Mt hn hp X gm etyl axetat v etyl fomiat. Thy phn 8,1 g hn hp X cn 200ml dd NaOH 0,5M. Phn trm v khi lng ca etylaxetat trong hn hp l: A. 75% B. 15% C. 50% D. 25%. Cu 7 : Cho 10,4 g hn hp X gm axit axetit v etyl axetat tc dng va vi 150g dung dch NaOH 4%. Phn trm khi lng ca etyl axetat trong hn hp l: A. 22%. B. 42,3%. C. 57,7%. D. 88%. DNG 2: T CHY Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,15 mol este thu c 19,8g CO2 v 0,45 mol H2O. Cng thc phn t este l A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2 D. C5H10O2 Cu 2: t chy hon ton 3,7g mt este n chc X thu c 3,36 lit kh CO2 (ktc) v 2,7g nc. CTPT ca X l:

A. C2H4O2 B. C3H6O2 C. C4H8O2D. C5H8O2 Cu 3: t chy hon ton mt este no, n chc ri dn sn phm chy qua bnh ng KOH d, thy khi lng bnh tng 9,3 gam. S mol CO 2 v H2O sinh ra ln lt l: A. 0,1 v 0,1. B. 0,15 v 0,15. C. 0,25 v 0,05.D. 0,05 v 0,25. Cu 4: t chy hon 4,4 gam mt este no, n chc A, ri dn sn phm chy qua bnh ng nc vi trong d thu c 20 gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A. C2H4O2. B. C3H6O2. C. C5H10O2. D. C4H8O2. Cu 5: t chy hon 4,5 gam mt este no, n chc A, ri dn sn phm chy qua bnh ng nc vi trong thu c 10 gam kt ta v ddX. ung k ddX thu c 5 gam kt ta na. Cng thc phn t ca A l: A. C2H4O2. B. C3H6O2. C. C3H4O2.D. C4H6O2. DNG 3: KT HP PHN NG T CHY V THY PHN Cu 1 : t chy hon ton 1,48 g hp cht hu c X thu c 1,344 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 1,08 g H2O. Nu cho 1,48 g X tc dng vi NaOH th thu c 1,36 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. CH3COOCH3. B. HCOOC2H5. C. HCOOC3H7.D. C2H5COOH. Cu 2: t chy hon ton 1,1 g este X thu c 1,12 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 0,9 g H2O. Nu cho 4,4 g X tc dng va vi 50 ml dd NaOH 1M th to 4,1 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. C2H5COOCH3. B. CH3COOC2H5.C. HCOOC3H7. D. C3H7COOH. Cu 3: t chy hon ton 7,4 g este X n chc thu c 6,72 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 5,4 g nc. Nu cho 7,4 g X tc dng hon ton vi NaOH th thu c 3,2 gam ancol Y v mt lng mui Z. Tm CTCT ca X, khi lng mui Z DNG 4: HIU SUT PHN NG ESTE HA Cu 1: Thc hin phn ng este ha m (gam) axit axetic bng mt lng va ancol etylic (xt H 2SO4 c), thu c 0,02 mol este (gi s hiu sut phn ng t 100%) th gi tr ca m l: A. 2,1g B. 1,2gC. 1,1g D. 1,4 g Cu 2: un 12g axit axetic vi mt lng d ancol etylic (c H2SO4 c xt). n khi phn ng kt thc thu c 11g este. Hiu sut phn ng este ha l: A. 70% B. 75% C. 62,5% D. 50% Cu 3 : Cho 6 g axit axetic tc dng vi 9,2 g ancol etylic (xc tc H2SO4 c, un nng). Sau p. thu c 4.4 g este. Hiu sut ca p. este ha l: A. 75% B. 25% C. 50% D. 55% Cu 4 : Cho 12 g axit axetic tc dng vi 4,6 g ancol etylic (xc tc H2SO4 c, un nng). Sau p. thu c 4.4 g este. Hiu sut ca p. este ha l: A. 75% B. 25% C. 50% D. 55% Cu 5 : Cho 6 g axit axetic tc dng vi 9,2 g ancol etylic (xc tc H 2SO4 c, un nng), vi hiu sut t 80%. Sau p. thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m l: A. 2,16g B. 7,04g C. 14,08g D. 4,80 g A. L THUYT

LIPIT 1. Khi nim - Lipit l hp cht hu c tp chc gm: cht bo, sp, steroit, photpholipit - Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit bo ( axit cacboxylic c mch C di khng phn nhnh), gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol 2. Cu to cht bo R1COO CH2 R2COO CH R3COO CH2 ( R1; R2; R3 l cc gc hidrocacbon no hay khng no, ging nhau hay khc nhau) 3. Tnh cht a) Tnh cht vt l - Cht bo rn (m) : cha ch yu cc gc axit bo no. - Cht bo lng (du): cha ch yu cc gc axit bo khng no - Khng tan trong nc tan trong cc dung mi hu c, nh hn nc b) Tnh cht ha hc (l este 3 chc nn c tnh cht nh este) Phn ng thy phn trong mi trng axit (phn ng xy ra chm, thun nghch) thu glixerol v cc axit bo H + ,t 0 3C17H35COOH + C3H5OH PTHH: (C17H35COO)3C3H5 + 3H-OH Tristearin Axit stearic glixerol Phn ng thy phn trong mi trng kim (phn ng xy ra nhanh, mt chiu) thu glixerol v mui natri hay kali ca cc axit bo (l x phng) t0 PTHH : (C17H35COO)3C3H5 + 3Na-OH 3C17H35COONa + C3H5OH Tristearin Natri stearat glixerol Phn ng hidro ha : chuyn cht bo lng thnh cht bo rn Ni ,t 0 PTHH: (C17H33COO)3C3H5 + H2 (C17H35COO)3C3H5 Triolein (lng) Tristearin (rn) Ch + Ch s x phng ha l s miligam KOH cn dng trung ha ht lng axit t do v x phng ha ht lng este trong 1 gam cht bo. + Ch s axit: L s miligam KOH cn dng trung ha lng axit t do trong 1gam cht bo -------------------------------------X PHNG V CHT GIT RA TNG HP I. X PHNG: 1.Khi nim: X phng thng dng l hn hp mui natri hoc mui kali ca axit bo, c thm mt s cht ph gia 2. Phng php sn xut: to (RCOO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH 3RCOONa + C3H5(OH)3 Hoc: Ankan Axit cacboxilic mui natri ca axit cacboxilic

O2 , xt ,t VD: CH3[CH2]14CH2CH2[CH2]14CH3 2CH3[CH2]14COOH 2CH3[CH2]14COOH + Na2CO3 2CH3[CH2]14COOH + CO2 + H2O II. CHT GIT RA TNG HP

Cht git ra l cc cht khi dng vi nc c tc dng lm sch cc vt bn trn cc vt rn m khng phn ng vi cht bn X phng Cht git ra tng hp Mui natri hoc kali ca cc axit bo Mui ankyl sunfat, ankyl sunfonat hay Phn loi ankyl benzensunfonat VD: Natri dodexylbenzen sunfonat t gy hi cho da, khng gy nhim mi trng Dng c trong nc cng v t to kt u im (b vi khun phn hy) ta vi Ca2+, Mg2+ Khng dng c trong nc cng v to kt ta Gy nhim mi trng (khng b vi Nhc im vi Ca2+, Mg2+ khun phn hy) B. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: CH S AXIT CH S X PHNG Cu 1: trung ha ht lng axit t do c trong 5,6 g cht bo, ngi ta dng ht 5 ml dd KOH 0,1M. ch s axit ca cht bo l: A. 5 B. 3 C. 6 D. 4 Cu 2: trung ha ht lng axit t do c trong 5,6 g cht bo, ngi ta dng ht 7ml dd KOH 0,1M. ch s axit ca cht bo l: A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 7 Cu 3 : trung ha ht 4,2 g cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 cn mt lng NaOH l: A.0,028 g B. 0,021 g C. 0,023 g D. 0,200 g Cu 4 : Khi x phng ha hon ton 2,52 g cht bo c ch s x phng ha l 200 thu c 0,138 g glixerol. Ch s axit ca cht bo l: A. 100 B. 55 C. 10 D. 150 DNG 2: TNH KHI LNG X PHNG V GLIXERROL THU C THEO HSPU Cu 1: un nng lipit cn va 40 kg dung dch NaOH 15%, gi s phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng glixerin thu c l: A. 13,800 kg B. 9,200kg C. 6,975 kgD. 4,600 kg Cu 2: Khi lng Glyxrin thu c khi un nng 2,225 kg cht bo (loi Glyxrin tristearat) c cha 20% tp cht vi dung dch NaOH. (coi nh phn ng xy ra hon ton): A. 0,184 kg B. 0, 89 kg. C. 1, 78 kgD. 1, 84 kg Cu 3: Khi cho 178 kg cht bo trung tnh, phn ng va vi 120 kg dung dch NaOH 20%, gi s phn ng hon ton. Khi lng x phng thu c l A. 146,8 kg B. 61,2 kg C. 183,6 kgD. 122,4 kg. Cu 4: Th tch H2 (ktc) cn hiro ha hon ton 1 tn Olein (Glyxrin trioleat) nh cht xc tc Ni: A. 7601,8 lt B. 76018 lt C. 7,6018 ltD. 760,18 lt. Cu 5: Khi lng Olein cn sn xut 5 tn Stearin l: A. 4966,292 kg B. 49,66 kg C. 49600 kgD. 496,63 kg. C. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM ESTE Khi nim

Cu 1: Cng thc tng qut ca este to bi axit no n chc, mch h v ancol no, n chc. mch h c dng: A. CnH2n-2O2 (n 3). C. CnH2nO2 (n 2). B. CnH2nO2 (n 3).D. CnH2n-2O2 (n 4). Cu 2: Este c CTPT C3H6O2 c s ng phn l: A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 3: Vinyl axetat l tn gi ca hp cht no sau y ? A. HCOOC2H5 B. CH2=CH-COOCH3 C. C2H5COOCH3D. CH3COOCH=CH2. Cu 4: Phenyl axetat l tn gi ca hp cht no sau y ? A. CH3COOC6H5 B. CH2=CH-COOCH3 C. C2H5COOCH3D. CH3COOCH=CH2. Cu 5: Metyl propionat l tn gi ca hp cht no sau y ? A. HCOOC2H5 B. CH2=CH-COOCH3 C. C2H5COOCH3D. HCOOCH=CH2. Cu 6: Hp cht X c CTPT C4H8O2. Khi thy phn X trong dd NaOH thu c mui C2H3O2Na. CTCT ca X l: A. HCOOC3H7. B. C2H5COOCH3. C. CH3COOC2H5.D. C3H7COOH. Cu 7: Hp cht X c CTPT C4H8O2. Khi thy phn X trong dd NaOH thu c mui CHO2Na. CTCT ca X l: A. HCOOC3H7. B. C2H5COOCH3. C. CH3COOC2H5.D. C3H7COOH. Cu 8: Thu phn hn hp metyl axetat v etyl axetat trong dd NaOH un nng, sau phn ng ta thu c A. 1 mui v 1 ancol. B. 1 mui v 2 ancol. C. 2 mui v 1 ancolD. 2 mui v 2 ancol. Cu 9: Khi ni v este vinyl axetat, mnh no sau y khng ng? A. X phng ha cho ra 1 mui v 1 anehit. B. Khng th iu ch trc tip t axit hu c v ancol. C. Vinyl axetat l mt este khng no, n chc. D. Thu phn este trn thu c axit axetic v axetilen. Cu 10: Este C4H8O2 c gc ancol l metyl th axit to nn este l: A. axit oxalic. B. axit butiric. C. axit propionic.D. axit axetic. Cu 11: Este C4H8O2 c gc ancol l etyl th axit to nn este l: A. axit oxalic. B. axit butiric. C. axit propionic.D. axit axetic Cu 12: Cp cht no sau y dng iu ch vinylaxetat bng mt phn ng trc tip? A. CH3COOH v C2H3OH. B. C2H3COOH v CH3OH. C. CH3COOH v C2H2. D. CH3COOH v C2H5OH. Cu 13: Cho este CH3COOC6H5 tc dng vi dd KOH d. Sau phn ng thu c mui hu c gm: A. CH3COOK v C6H5OH. B. CH3COOK v C6H5OK. C. CH3COOH v C6H5OH. D. CH3COOH v C6H5OK. Cu 14: Tn gi ca este c mch cacbon thng, c th tham gia phn ng trng bc, c CTPT C4H8O2 l A. n-propyl fomat. B. isopropyl fomat C. etyl axetat. D. metyl propionat. Cu 15: Pht biu no sau y ng ?

A. este nh hn nc v tan nhiu trong nc. B. este no, n chc, mch h c cng thc CnH2nO2 (n 2). C. phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng kim l phn ng thun nghch. D. t chy este no, n chc thu c nCO2>nH2O. Cu 16: Nhit si ca cc cht c sp xp theo th t tng dn ng l A. HCOOH < CH3COOH < C2H5OH. B. CH3COOCH3 < C2H5OH < CH3COOH. C. CH3OH < CH3COOH < C6H5OH. D. HCOOH < CH3OH < CH3COOH Cu 17: Nhit si ca cc cht c sp xp theo th t tng dn ng l A. HCOOH < CH3COOH < C2H5OH<CH3CHO. B. CH3CHO < HCOOCH3 < C2H5OH < CH3COOH. C. CH3CHO < CH3OH < CH3COOH < C6H5OH. D. CH3CHO < HCOOH < CH3OH < CH3COOH. Cu 18: Phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng kim c gi l phn ng: A. X phng ha B. Hydrat ha C. Crackinh D. S ln men Cu 19: Cho cc cht: C6H5OH, HCHO, CH3CH2OH, C2H5OC2H5, CH3COCH3, HCOOCH3, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOH, HCOOH, HCOONa tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3, un nng. S phn ng xy ra l: A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 20: Cho cc cht lng nguyn cht: HCl, C6H5OH, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOH ln lt tc dng vi Na. S phn ng xy ra l: A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 21: Cho ln lt cc cht: HCl, C6H5OH, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOH tc dng vi dd NaOH, un nng. S phn ng xy ra l: A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 22: Pht biu no sau khng y ng ? A. este nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc. B. este no, n chc, mch h c cng thc CnH2nO2 (n 2). C. phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng kim l phn ng x phng ha. D. t chy este no, n chc thu c nCO2>nH2O. Cu 23: Thu phn hn hp metyl axetat v etyl fomiat trong dd NaOH un nng, sau phn ng ta thu c A. 1 mui v 1 ancol. B. 1 mui v 2 ancol. C. 2 mui v 1 ancol.D. 2 mui v 2 ancol. Cu 24: Este no sau y thy phn trong mi trng axit cho hn hp 2 cht hu c u tham gia p. trng bc ? A. CH3COOC2H5. B. HCOOCH=CH2. C. HCOOC3H7.D. CH3COOC6H5. Cu 25: Cht no sau y khng to este vi axit axetic? A. C2H5OH B. C3H5(OH)3. C. C2H2 D. C6H5OH Cu 26: Thu phn hn hp metyl axetat v etyl axetat trong dd NaOH un nng, sau phn ng ta thu c A. 1 mui v 1 ancol. B. 1 mui v 2 ancol.

C. 2 mui v 1 ancol. D. 2 mui v 2 ancol. Cu 27: Thy phn vinylaxetat bng dd KOH va . Sn phm thu c l A. CH3COOK, CH2=CH-OH. B. CH3COOK, CH3CHO. C. CH3COOH, CH3CHO. D. CH3COOK, CH3CH2OH. Cu 28: t chy mt este hu c X thu c 13,2g CO2 v 5,4g H2O. X thuc loi este A. no, n chc. B. mch vng, n chc . C. hai chc, no. D. c 1 lin kt i, cha xc nh nhm chc. Cu 29:: Este no sau y thy phntrong mi trng axit cho 2 cht hu c u tham gia phn ng trng bc ? A. CH3COOC6H5. B. CH3COOCH=CH2. C. CH3COOC2H5.D. HCOOCH=CH2. Cu 30: Este CH3COOCH=CH2 tc dng c vi cht no sau y ? A. H2/Ni,t0. B. Br2. C. NaOH.D. Tt c u ng. Cu 31: c im ca phn ng thy phn este trong mi trng axit l: A. thun nghch. B. mt chiu. C. lun sinh ra axit v ancol D. xy ra nhanh nhit thng. Cu 32: Cho cc cht sau: CH3COOCH3 (1), CH3COOH (2), HCOOC2H5 (3), CH3CHO (4). Cht no khi tc dng vi NaOH cho cng mt loi mui l CH3COONa ? A. (1), (4). B. (2), (4). C. (1), (2). D. (1), (3). Cu 33: Cht no sau y c nhit si thp nht ? A. C4H9OH. B. C3H7COOH. C. CH3COOC2H5. D. C6H5OH. Cu 34: Cho cc cht lng nguyn cht: HCl, C 6H5OH, CH3CH2Cl, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOCH3, CH3COOH ln lt tc dng vi Na. S cht tc dng vi NaOH nhng khng tc dng vi Na l: A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.D. 5. Cu 35: Este X c CTPT l C3H6O2 , c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. CH3COOCH3. B. CH3COOC2H5. C. C2H5COOH.D. HCOOC2H5. Cu 36: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. CH3COO-CH=CH2 c th trng hp to polime. B. CH3COO-CH=CH2 tc dng c vi dd Br2 hoc cng H2/Ni,t0. C. CH3COO-CH=CH2 tc dng vi NaOH thu c mui v anehit. D. CH3COO-CH=CH2 cng dy ng ng vi CH2=CH-COOCH3. Cu 37: t chy hon ton este no, n chc X, th tch CO 2 sinh ra bng th tch O2 phn ng ( cng iu kin). Este X l: A. metyl axetat B. metyl fomiat. C. etyl axetat. D. metyl propionat. Cu 38: Este c CTPT C4H8O2 c s ng phn l: A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. D. 2.

Cu 39: Este X c CTPT l C4H8O2 to bi axit propionic v ancol Y. Ancol Y l: A. ancol metylic. B. ancol etylic. C. ancol propylic.D. ancol butylic. Cu 40: Phn ng tng tc gia axit cacboxylic vi ancol (ru) c gi l: A. phn ng trung ha. B. phn ng hidro ha. C. phn ng este ha. Cu 41: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. Phn ng este ha lun xy ra hon ton. B. Khi thy phn este no trong mi trng axit s cho axit v ancol. C. Phn ng gia axit v ancol l phn ng thun nghch. D. Khi thy phn este no trong mi trng kim s cho mui v ancol. Cu 42: Mnh no sau y khng ng? A. Metyl fomat c CTPT l C2H4O2. B. Metyl fomat l este ca axit etanoic. C. Metyl fomat c th tham gia phn ng trng bc. D. Thu phn metyl fomat to thnh ancol metylic v axit fomic. Cu 43: Metyl acrylat c cng thc cu to thu gn l A. C2H5COOCH3. B. CH3COOC2H5.C. CH2=CHCOOCH3. D. CH3COOCH3. Cu 44: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. Hp cht CH3COOC2H5 thuc loi este.

D. phn ng x phng ha.

B. este no, n chc, mch h c cng thc phn t l CnH2nO2 (n 2). C. Este l hp cht hu c trong phn t c nhm COO . D. Este l sn phm ca phn ng gia axit v ancol. LIPIT CHT BO X PHNG Cu 1: Cht bo l trieste ca A. glixerol vi axit hu c. B. glixerol vi axit bo. C. glixerol vi v c. D. ancol vi axit bo. Cu 2: Axit no sau y khng phi l axit bo: A. axit strearic. B. Axit oleic.C. Axit panmitic. D. Axit axetic. Cu 3: Trieste ca glixerol vi cc axit cacboxylic n chc c mch cacbon di khng phn nhnh, gi l : A. lipit. B. Protein. C. cacbohidrat.D. polieste. Cu 4: Khi x phng ha tristearin bng dd NaOH, thu c sn phm l: A. C17H35COONa v glixerol. B. C15H31COOH v glixerol. C. C17H35COOH v glixerol. D. C15H31COONa v etanol. Cu 5: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. M ng vt ch yu cha cc gc axit bo no, tn ti trng thi rn.

B. Du thc vt ch yu cha cc gc axit bo khng no, tn ti trng thi lng. C. Hidro ha du thc vt (dng lng) s to thnh m (dng rn). D. Cht bo nh hn nc v tan nhiu trong nc. Cu 6: Khi thy phn tripanmitin trong mi trng axit, thu c sn phm l: A. C17H35COONa v glixerol. B. C15H31COOH v glixerol. C. C17H35COOH v glixerol. D. C15H31COONa v glixerol. Cu 7: bin mt s du (lng) thnh m (rn) hoc b nhn to, thc hin phn ng no sau y ? A. hidro ha (Ni,t0). B. x phng ha C. lm lnh. D. c cn nhit cao. Cu 8: Triolein c cng thc l: A. (C17H35COO)3C3H5. B. (CH3COO)3C3H5. C. (C15H31COO)3C3H5.D. (C17H33COO)3C3H5. Cu 9: Trong cc cng thc sau, cng thc no l ca cht bo ? A. C3H5(OCOC4H9)3. B. C3H5(OCOC13H31)3. C. C3H5(COOC17H35)3.D. C3H5(OCOC17H35)3. Cu 10: Khi ngm mt t m ln (sau khi rn, gi s l cc tristearin) vo bt s ng dd NaOH, sau khi un nng v khuy u hn hp mt thi gian. Hin tng quan st c l A. Ming m ni, sau tan dn. B. Ming m ni, khng thay i g trong qu trnh un nng v khuy. C. Ming m chm xung, sau tan dn. D. Ming m chm xung, sau khng tan. Cu 11: Khi x phng ha triolein bng dd NaOH, thu c sn phm l: A. C17H35COONa v glixerol. B. C17H33COOH v glixerol. C. C17H33COONa v glixerol. D. C15H31COONa v etanol. Cu 12: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. X phng l sn phm ca phn ng x phng ha. B. Mui natri hoc kali ca axit hu c l thnh phn chnh ca x phng. C. Khi un cht bo (du, m ng thc vt) vi dd NaOH hoc KOH nhit cao, ta c x phng. D. T du m c th sn xut c cht git ra tng hp. Cu 13: X phng v cht git ra tng hp c c im chung l: A. c ngun gc t ng vt hoc thc vt. B. sn phm ca cng ngh ha du. C. cc mui c ly t cc phn ng x phng ha cht bo. D. cha mui natri c kh nng lm gim sc cng b mt ca cc cht bn. Cu 14: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. khi hidro ha cht bo lng (du) s thu c cht bo rn (m).

B. khi thy phn cht bo trong mi trng kim s thu c glixerol v x phng. C. khi thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit s thu c glixerol v cc axit bo. D. khi thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit s thu c cc axit v ancol. Cu 15: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. Cht bo khng tan trong nc. B. Cht bo khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c. C. Du n v m bi trn c cng thnh phn nguyn t. D. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi axit cacboxylic c mch cacbon di, khng phn nhnh. Cu 16: Cho cc pht biu sau: a. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol vi axit bo. b. Lipit gm cht bo, sp, stearoid, photpholipit,... c. cht bo l cc cht lng. d. nhit phng, khi cht bo cha gc hidrocacbon khng no th cht bo trng thi lng (du n). Khi cht bo cha gc hidrocacbon no th cht bo trng thi rn (m). e. phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch. f. cht bo l thnh phn chnh ca m ng vt, du thc vt. Nhng pht biu ng l: A. a, b, c, d,e. B. a, b, d, f.C. a, b, c, d. D. a, b, d, e. Cu 17: S trieste thu c khi cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp gm axit stearic v axit oleic l: A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. Cu 18: S trieste thu c khi cho glixerol phn ng vi hn hp gm axit stearic, axit panmitic v axit oleic l: A. 8. B. 10. C. 6. D. 18. (S ng phn trieste to bi glixerol v hn hp n axit bo l: s trieste = n2*(n+1)/2). CHNG 2: CACBOHIRAT A. L THUYT Cacbohidrat l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc v thng c CT chung: Cn(H2O)m Cacbohidrat chia lm 3 loi ch yu : + Monosaccarit l nhm khng b thy phn (glucoz & fructoz) + isaccarit l nhm m khi thy phn mi phn t sinh ra 2 phn t monosaccarit (Saccaroz 1 Glu & 1 Fruc ; Mantoz 2 Glu) + Polisaccarit (tinh bt, xenluloz) l nhm m khi thy phn n cng mi phn t sinh ra nhiu phn t monosaccarit(Glu) GLUCOZ I. L tnh Trong mu ngi c nng glucoz khng i khong 0,1% . II. Cu to

Glucoz c CTPT : C6H12O6 Glucoz c CTCT : CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CH=O (h/ch tp chc) hoc CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO . Trong thc t, glucoz tn ti ch yu dng mch vng: dng -glucoz v - glucoz III. Ha tnh: Glucoz c tnh cht andehit v ancol a chc ( poliancol ) . 1. Tnh cht ca ancol a chc: a. Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2: nhit thng to phc ng glucoz (dd mu xanh lam- nhn bit glucoz) C6H12O6 + Cu(OH)2 (C6H11O6)2Cu + H2O b. Phn ng to este: to este cha 5 gc axit. 2. Tnh cht ca andehit: a. Oxi ha glucoz: + Bng dd AgNO3 trong NH3: amoni gluconat v Ag (nhn bit glucoz bng p trng gng) t0 HOCH2[CHOH]4CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + 2H2O HOCH2[CHOH]4COONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3 (Lu : 1 mol glucoz trng gng thu 2 mol Ag) + Bng Cu(OH)2 mi trng kim, un nng: natri gluconat v Cu2O gch (nhn bit glucoz) t0 HOCH2[CHOH]4CHO + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH HOCH2[CHOH]4COONa + Cu2O + 3H2O b. Kh glucoz bng H2 sobitol (C6H14O6) Ni ,t 0 HOCH2[CHOH]4CHO + H2 HOCH2[CHOH]4CH2OH 3. Phn ng ln men: C6H12O6 2 ancol etylic + 2 CO2 IV. iu ch: Trong cng nghip (Thy phn tinh bt hoc Thy phn xenluloz, xt HCl) V. ng dng: Lm thuc tng lc, trng gng, trng rut phch, FRUCTOZ (ng phn ca glucoz) + CTCT mch h: CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CO-CH2OH + Tnh cht ancol a chc ( phn ng Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to dd xanh lam) OH Fructoz glucoz + Trong mi trng baz fructoz chuyn thnh glucoz fructoz b oxi ha bi AgNO3/NH3 v Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim. Lu : Fructoz khng lm mt mu dd Br2, cn Glucoz lm mt mu dd Br2. B. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: PHN BIT CC CHT Cu 1: Phn bit cc cht: Glucoz, glixerol, etanol, axit axetic Cu 2: Phn bit cc cht: Fructoz, glixerol, etanol Cu 3: Phn bit cc cht: Glucoz, fomandehit, axit axetic DNG 2: DA VO PHN NG TRNG GNG GLUCOZ V VI Cu(OH) 2/OH-

Cu 1: Tnh lng kt ta Ag hnh thnh khi tin hnh trng gng hon ton dung dch cha 18 gam glucoz. A. 10,80 gam B. 2,16 gam C. 5,40 gam D. 21,60 gam Cu 2: un nng dung dch cha 18 g glucoz vi AgNO 3 phn ng trong dung dch NH3 thy Ag tch ra. Bit rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Lng Ag thu c v khi lng AgNO3 cn dng ln lt l : A. 21,6 g v 17 g B. 10,8 g v 17 g C. 10,8 g v 34 g D. 21,6 g v 34 g Cu 3: Trng bc hon ton mt dd cha 54 g glucoz bng dd AgNO3 /NH3 c un nng nh. Lng Ag ph ln gng c gi tr: A. 64,8 g. A. 64,8 g. B. 70,2 g. B. 1,8 g. C. 54,0 g. C. 54,0 g. D. 92,5 g. D. 92,5 g. Cu 4: Cho m gam glucoz tc dng vi dd AgNO3 /NH3 c un nng nh. Sau phn ng thu c 2,16 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l: Cu 5: trng mt tm gng, ngi ta phi dng 5,4 gam glucoz, bit hiu sut phn ng t 95%. Khi lng bc bm trn tm gng l: A. 6,156 g. B. 1,516 g. C. 6,165 g. D. 3,078 g. Cu 6: Cho m gam glucoz tc dng vi lng d Cu(OH)2/OH-, un nng. Sau phn ng thu c 14,4 gam kt ta gch. Gi tr ca m l: A. 6,28 g. B. 0,90 g. C. 1,80 g.
,

D. 2,25 g.

Cu 7: Cho 18 gam glucoz tc dng vi lng d Cu(OH)2/OH un nng. Sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta gch. Gi tr ca m l? DNG 3: DA VO PHN NG KH GLUCOZ BNG H2 Cu 1: Kh 18 g glucoz bng kh H2 (xc tc Ni, t0) to sorbitol, vi hiu sut phn ng t 80%. Khi lng sorbitol thu c l: A. 64,8 g. B. 14,56 g. C. 54,0 g. D. 92,5 g. 0 Cu 2: Kh glucoz bng kh H2 (xc tc Ni, t ) to sorbitol (vi hiu sut phn ng t 80%). Khi lng glucoz dng to ra 1,82g sorbitol l: A. 6,28 g. B. 1,56 g. C. 1,80 g. D. 2,25 g. DNG 4: DA VO PHN NG LN MEN GLUCOZ Cu 1: Cho m g glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 80%. Hp th hon ton kh CO 2 sinh ra vo dung dch nc vi trong d th thu c 20g kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 45,00. B. 11,25 g. C. 14,40 g.D. 22,50 g. Cu 2: Cho m gam glucoz ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 75%. Ton b kh CO 2 sinh ra c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 ly d to ra 80g kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 74 B. 54 C. 108 D. 96 Cu 3: Ln men 1 tn khoai cha 70% tinh bt sn xut ancol etylic, hiu sut ca c qu trnh sn xut l 85%. Khi lng ancol thu c l: A. 0,338 tn B. 0,833 tn C. 0,383 tn D. 0,668 tn SACCAROZ, TINH BT, XENLULOZ A. L THUYT I. SACCAROZ: Con goi la ng knh

1. Cau truc phan t CTPT: C12H22O11 Saccaroz la mot isaccarit c cau tao t mot goc glucoz va mot goc fructoz lien ket vi nhau qua nguyen t oxi. Khong co nhom chc CHO nen khong co phan ng trang bac va khong lam mat mau nc brom. 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc. Co tnh chat cua ancol a chc va co phan ng thuy phan. a) Phan ng vi Cu(OH)2 2C12H22O11+Cu(OH)2(C12H21O11)2Cu+2H2O mau xanh lam H + , t0 b) Phan ng thuy phan.C12H22O11+H2O C6H12O6 (Glu)+ C6H12O6 (Fruc) 3. ng dung: dung e trang gng, trang phch. II.TINH BOT 1. Tnh chat vat l: La chat ran, dang bot vo nh hnh, mau trang, khong tan trong nc lanh 2. Cau truc phan t: Tinh bt thuc loi polisaccarit, Phan t tinh bot gom nhiu mat xch -glucoz lien ket vi nhau v c CTPT : (C6H10O5)n . Cc mt xch -glucoz lien ket vi nhau to hai dang: khong phan nhanh (amiloz) & phan nhanh (amilopectin). Tinh bt ( trong cc ht ng cc, cc loi c ); Mch tinh bt khng ko di m xon li thnh ht c l rng. 3. Tnh chat hoa hoc. H + ,t o a) Phan ng thuy phan: (C6H10O5)n + nH2O n C6H12O6 (Glu) b) Phan ng mu vi iot: Tao thanh hp chat co mau xanh tm dng nhn bit iot hoc tinh bt. III.XENLULOZ 1. Cau truc phan t CTPT : (C6H10O5)n hay [C6H7O2(OH)3]n Cau truc phan t: c cu to mch khng phn nhnh Xenluloz l mt polisaccarit, phn t gm nhieu goc -glucoz lien ket vi nhau 2. Tnh chat vat ly, trang thai t nhien: Xenluloz la chat ran dang si, mau trang, khong tan trong nc va dung moi hu c, nhng tan trong nc Svayde (dd thu c khi ha tan Cu(OH)2 trong amoniac); Bng nn c gn 98% xenluloz 3. Tnh chat hoa hoc: H + ,t o a) Phan ng thuy phan: (C6H10O5)n + nH2O nC6H12O6 (Glu) H 2SO 4d,t 0 b) Phan ng vi axit nitric: [C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3nHNO3(ac) [C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n +3nH2O 4. ng dng Xenluloz trinitrat rat de chay va no manh khong sinh ra khoi nen c dung lam thuoc sung khong khoi. B. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: PHN BIT CC CHT Cu 1: Phn bit: Glucoz, glixerol, andehit axetic Cu 2: Phn bit: Glucoz, saccaroz, glixerol Cu 3: Phn bit: Saccaroz, andehit axetic, h tinh bt

DNG 2: TNH KHI LNG GLUCOZ DA VO PHN NG THY PHN CC CHT THEO HIU SUT PHN NG Cu 1: Khi thy phn 1 kg saccaroz (gi s hiu sut 100%) sn phm thu c l : A. 500 g glucoz v 500 g fructoz. B. 1052,6 g glucoz. D. 1052,6 g fructoz C. 526,3 g glucoz v 526,3 g fructoz.

Cu 2: Thy phn 1 kg saccarozo trong mi trng axit vi hiu sut 76% , khi lng cc sn phm thu c l A.0,5kg glucozo v 0,5 kg fuctozo B. 0,422kg glucozo v 0,422 kg fructozo C. 0,6kg glucozo v 0,6 kg fuctozo D.Cc kt qu khc Cu 3 : Mun c 2631,5 g glucozo th khi lng saccarozo cn em thy phn l A.4999,85 g B.4648,85 g C.4736.7g D.4486,58g Cu 4: Thu phn 324 gam tinh bt vi hiu sut phn ng l 75%, khi lng glucoz thu c l: A. 300 gam B. 250 gam C. 270 gam D. 360 gam Cu 5: Thy phn 1 kg sn cha 20% tinh bt trong mi trng axit, vi hiu sut phn ng t 85%. Lng glucoz thu c l: A. 261,43 g. B. 200,8 g. C. 188,89 g. D. 192,5 g. DNG 3: TNH KHI LNG Ag THU C KHI THY PHN SACCAROZ SAU THC HIN PHN NG TRNG BC Cu 1: Thy phn hon ton 62,5 g dung dch saccaroz 17,1% trong mi trng axit (va ) c dd X. Cho dd AgNO 3/NH3 vo X un nh, thu c m (gam) Ag. Gi tr ca m l: A. 6,75 g. B. 13,5 g. C. 10,8 g. D. 7,5 g. Cu 2: Ha tan 6,12 gam hn hp glucoz v saccaroz vo nc thu c dung dch X . Cho X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 / dd NH3 thu c 3,24 g Ag . Khi lng saccaroz trong hn hp ban u l A. 2,7 gam B. 3,42 gam C. 3,24 gam D. 2,16 gam Cu 3: Thu phn hon ton 34,2 g saccaroz sau tin hnh phn ng trng gng vi dung dch thu c, khi lng Ag thu c ti a l A. 21.6 g B. 43.2g C. 10.8 g D. 32.4 g DNG 4: DA VO PHN NG GIA XENLULOZ VI HNO3 Cu 1: Th tch dung dch HNO3 67,5% (khi lng ring l 1,5 g/ml) cn dng tc dng vi xenluloz to thnh 89,1 kg xenluloz trinitrat l (bit lng HNO 3 b hao ht l 20 %): A. 70 lt. B. 49 lt. C. 81 lt. D. 55 lt. Cu 2: Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy, n mnh. Mun iu ch 29,7 kg Xenluloz trinitrat t xenluloz v axit nitric vi hiu sut 90% th th tch HNO 3 96% (d = 1,52 g/ml) cn dng l: A. 15,000 lt B. 14,390 lt C. 1,439 ltD. 24,390 lt Cu 3: Tnh th tnh dung dch HNO3 96% (D = 1,52 g/ml) cn dng tc dng vi lng d xenluloz to 29,7 gam xenluloz trinitrat. A. 15,00 ml B. 24,39 ml C. 1,439 mlD. 12,95 ml Cu 4: sn xut 29.7 kg xenluloz trinitrat ( H=75% ) bng phn ng gia dung dch HNO3 60% vi xenluloz th khi lng dung dch HNO3 cn dng l A. 42 kg B. 25.2 kg C. 31.5 kg D. 23.3 kg C. MT S CAU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Cacbohirat thuc loi issaccarit l:

A. tinh bt.

B. xenluloz.

C. saccaroz.D. glucoz. C. fructoz v mantoz. D. saccaroz v glucoz.

Cu 2: Hai cht ng phn ca nhau l: A. fructoz v glucoz B. mantoz v glucoz. A. vi axit H2SO4. B. vi kim.C. vi dd it. Cu 3: C th phn bit xenluloz vi tinh bt nh phn ng D. thu phn. . Cu 4: Phn ng vi cht no sau y, glucoz v fructoz u th hin tnh oxi ha ? A. Phn ng vi H2/Ni,t0. C. Phn ng vi dd AgNO3/NH3,t .
0

B. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2/OH-,t0.
0

D. Phn ng vi dd Br2.

Cu 5: Mt cacbohirat (Z) c cc phn ng din ra theo s chuyn ha sau:

Cu(OH) 2 /NaOH t Z dd xanh lam kt ta gch. Vy Z khng th l

A. glucoz.

B. saccaroz.C. fructoz.

D. Tt c u sai.

Cu 6: Cho cc dd sau: HCOOH, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5, C3H5(OH)3, glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz, C2H5OH, tinh bt, xeluloz. S lng dung dch c th ho tan c Cu(OH)2 l: A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7. Cu 7: Cho dy cc cht: C2H2, HCHO, HCOOH, HCOOCH3, C2H5COOCH3, CH3CHO, (CH3)2CO, glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz, tinh bt, xeluloz. S cht tham gia phn ng trng bc l: A. 6. A. tinh bt, xenluloz. Cu 9: Fructoz khng phn ng vi A. AgNO3/NH3,t0. B. Cu(OH)2/OH-. C. H2/Ni,t0. D. nc Br2 Cu 10: C cc thuc th: H2O (1); dd I2 (2); Cu(OH)2 (3); AgNO3/NH3 (4); Qu tm (5). nhn bit 4 cht rn mu trng l glucoz, saccaroz, tinh bt, xenluloz c th dng nhng thuc th no sau y? A. (1), (2), (5). A. 4. Cu 12: Chn cu ng: A. Xenluloz c phn t khi ln hn nhiu so vi tinh bt. Cu 13: Pht biu khng ng l: B. Xenluloz v tinh bt c khi lng phn t nh. C. Xenluloz c phn t khi nh hn tinh bt.D. Xenluloz v tinh bt c phn t khi bng nhau. B. (1), (4), (5). B. 5. C. (1), (2), (4).D. (1), (3), (5). C. 6. D. 3. Cu 11: Cho cc dd sau: tinh bt, xeluloz, glixerol, glucoz, saccaroz, etanol, protein. S lng cht tham gia phn thy phn l: B. 7.C. 5. D. 4. B. Fructoz, glucoz. C. Saccaroz, mantoz.D. Glucoz, tinh bt. Cu 8: Cacbohirat u thuc loi polisaccarit l:

A. Sn phm thy phn xenluloz v tinh bt (xc tc H+, to) c th tham gia phn ng trng bc. B. Dd glucoz v fructoz u tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 khi un nng cho kt ta gch Cu2O . C. Dd glucoz v fructoz ho tan c Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam. D. Thy phn (xc tc H+, to) saccaroz cho sn phm khng tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cu 14: Mt cht khi thy phn trong mi trng axit, un nng khng to ra glucoz. Cht l: A. tinh bt. B. saccaroz. C. xenluloz. D. protein. B. glucoz tc dng vi H2/Ni, t0 Cu 15: Phn ng no sau y chng t glucoz c 5 nhm (-OH) ? A. glucoz tc dng vi dd brom C. glucoz tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 D. glucoz tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O, xc tc piriin Cu 16: Da vo tnh cht no kt lun tinh bt, xenluloz l nhng polime thin nhin c CTPT l (C6H10O5)n ? A. Tinh bt v xenluloz khi b t chy u cho CO2 v H2O theo t l s mol 6:5. B. Tinh bt v xenluloz khi b thu phn n cng u cho glucoz. C. Tinh bt v xenluloz u tan trong nc. D. Tinh bt v xenluloz u c th lm thc n cho ngi v gia sc. Cu 17: Nhm m tt c cc cht u tc dng c vi dd AgNO3/NH3 l: A. C2H2, C2H5OH, glucoz. C. C2H2, C2H4, C2H6. Cu 18: Pht biu no di y l ng ? A. fructoz c phn ng trng bc, chng t phn t fructoz c nhm chc CHO. B. thy phn xeluloz thu c glucoz. C. thy phn tinh bt thu c glucoz v fructoz. . D. C xeluloz v tinh bt u c phn ng trng bc. Cu 19: Thc hin phn ng trng bc c th phn bit c tng cp dd no sau y? A. glucoz v saccaroz. C. saccaroz v mantoz. A. cu trc mch phn t. A. nhm chc ancol. B. axit fomic v ancol etylic. D. Tt c u c. B. phn ng thu phn. C. tan trong ncD.thu phn phn t. B. C3H5(OH)3, glucoz, CH3CHO. D. glucoz, C2H2, CH3CHO.

Cu 20: im khc nhau gia tinh bt v xenluloz l: Cu 21: Trong phn t ca cc cacbohidrat (gluxit) lun c B. nhm chc anehit. C. nhm chc axit.D. nhm chc xeton.

Cu 22: Pht biu no di y v ng dng ca xenluloz l khng ng? A. L nguyn liu sn xut ancol etylic. C. Dng lm vt liu xy dng, dng gia nh, sn xut giy. Cu 23: Saccaroz, xenluloz v tinh bt u c phn ng A. mu vi iot. A. extrin. A. tinh bt, glucoz. A. (C6H7O3(OH)3)n. B. vi dd NaCl. B. Saccaroz. C. trng bc. D. thu phn trong mi trng axit. Cu 24: Qu trnh thy phn tinh bt bng enzim khng xut hin cht no sau y ? C. Mantoz.D. Glucoz. B. tinh bt, xenluloz. C. tinh bt, saccaroz. D. glucoz, xenluloz. Cu 25: Cho chuyn ha sau: CO2 A B C2H5OH. Cc cht A, B l: Cu 26: Cng thc cu to thu gn ca xenluloz l: B.(C6H5O2(OH)3)n.C.(C6H8O2(OH)2)n.D.(C6H7O2(OH)3 )n. A. Cu 27: Thuc th no trong cc thuc th di y dng nhn bit c tt c cc dd cc cht sau: glucoz, glixerol, fomanehit, etanol ? Cu(OH)2/NaOH, t0. B. AgNO3/NH3. C. Na. D. Nc brom. Cu 28: Cho cc mnh : 1/ Mui natri ca axit panmitic v axit stearic c dng lm x phng. 2/ Saccaroz thy phn trong mi trng axit, sinh ra glucoz v fructoz. 3/ Dy ng ng ca CH3COOH, HCOOH tan v hn trong nc, cc axit tip theo ch tan c hn. 4/ Tinh bt, saccaroz v xenluloz u khng tham gia phn ng trng bc. Cc mnh ng l: A. 1 v 3. B. 1 v 4.C. 1; 2; 3 v 4. D. 4. Cu 29: Cho cc cht sau: HCOOH, CH3COOH, C6H5OH, CH3COOC2H5, C2H5Cl, C2H4(OH)2, HCOOC2H5, C3H5(OH)3, glucoz, fructoz, saccaroz, C2H5OH, tinh bt, xeluloz. S cht tc dng vi dd NaOH l: A. 4. B. 5. C. 6.D. 7. B. glucoz tc dng vi H2/Ni, t0 Cu 30: Phn ng no sau y chng t glucoz nhiu nhm chc ancol (-OH) ? A. glucoz tc dng vi dd brom C. glucoz tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 D. glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/OH- nhit thng. Cu 31: Phn ng no di y, chng t glucoz c 5 nhm chc ancol (-OH) ? A. glucoz tc dng vi dd brom Cu 32: Cho cc phn ng sau: B. glucoz tc dng vi H2/Ni, t0 C. glucoz tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 D. glucoz tc dng vi (CH3CO)2O, c mt piriin. B. Dng sn xut mt s t nhn to. D. Lm thc phm cho con ngi.

1/. glucoz + Br2 2/. glucoz + AgNO3/NH3, t0 3/. glucoz + Cu(OH)2/OH-, t0 Cc phn ng thuc loi phn ng oxi ha kh l: A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. B. 1, 2, 3, 4. C. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

4/. glucoz + H2/Ni, t0 5/. glucoz + (CH3CO)2O, c mt piriin 6/. glucoz tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/OH- nhit thng D. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6.

Cu 33: Pht biu no sau y l ng ? A. saccaroz c coi l mt on mch ca tinh bt. B. Tinh bt v xenluloz u l polisaccarit, ch khc nhau v cu to ca gc glucoz. C. Khi thy phn n cng saccaroz, tinh bt v xenluloz u cho mt loi monosaccarit. D. Khi thy phn n cng tinh bt v xenluloz u cho glucoz. Cu 34: phn bit cc dd: glucoz, saccaroz v anehit axetic, c th dng dy cht no sau y lm thuc th ? A. Cu(OH)2 v AgNO3/NH3 . A. axit axetic. B. HNO3 v AgNO3/NH3. C. Nc brom v NaOH. D. Ancol etylic. C. -glucoz v -fructoz . D. -glucoz. D. AgNO3/NH3 v NaOH Cu 35: Khi t chy hon ton mt cht hu c X, thu c hn hp kh CO2 v hi nc c t l mol 1:1. Cht ny c th ln men ru. Cht X l: B. Glucoz.C. Saccaroz. B. -glucoz v -fructoz. Cu 36: Trong phn t saccaroz gm: A. -glucoz v -fructoz. Cu 37: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. Tinh bt v xenluloz u l polisaccarit, phn t tinh bt gm cc mc xch -glucoz lin kt vi nhau, cn phn t xenluloz gm gm cc mc xch -glucoz lin kt vi nhau. B. Tinh bt l cht rn dng bt, khng tan trong nc lnh, nhng b trng phng ln trong nc nng. C. Tinh bt c phn ng mu vi iot to hp cht c mu xanh tm. D. Khi thy phn n cng tinh bt v xenluloz u cho glucoz. Cu 38: Glucoz khng tham gia phn ng A. kh bi hidro B. Thy phnC. Cu(OH)2. B. 3 nhm hidroxyl (OH). D. 2 nhm hidroxyl (OH) D. dd AgNO3/NH3. Cu 39: Qua nghin cu phn ng ca xenluloz vi anhidric axetic, ngi ta thy mi gc (C6H10O5)n c: A. 5 nhm hidroxyl (OH). C. 4 nhm hidroxyl (OH). Cu 40: Glucoz l hp cht thuc loi: A. n chc. B. tp chc.C. a chc.D. polime. Cu 41: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi a chc l:

A. glucoz. B. Glixerol. C. ancol etylic. Cu 42: Cacbohidrat tn ti dng polime (thin nhin) l: A. tinh bt v glucoz. B. saccaroz v xenluloz. C. xenluloz v tinh bt. D. xenluloz v fructoz.

D. fructoz.

CHNG 3: AMIN, AMINO AXIT, PROTEIN AMIN A. L THUYT 1. Mt s khi nim: - Amin no, n chc: CnH2n+3N (n 1) => Amin no, n chc, bc 1: CnH2n+1NH2 (n 1) - Amin n chc, bc 1: RNH2 2. Tn amin = tn gc ankyl + amin - CH3NH2 : metyl amin (bc 1); (CH3)2NH: imetyl amin (bc 2); (CH3)3N: trimetyl amin (bc 3); C3H7NH2 : propyl amin ; CH3NHC2H5: etyl metyl amin. - C2H5NH2 : etyl amin ; - C6H5NH2 : phenyl amin (anilin). 3. Tnh cht ha hc: T/c hh c trng ca amin l tnh baz (do trn N cn mt cp electron t do cha lin kt). - Lm qu tm ha xanh (tr anilin-C6H5NH2 l baz rt yu khng lm i mu qu tm) - Tc dng vi axit (HCl,): RNH2 + HCl RNH3Cl (mui) * Lu : vi anilin (C6H5NH2 ) cn c p. th trn nhn thm. + C6H5NH2 + 3Br2 C6H2(B r)3 NH2 (trng) + 3HBr (2,4,6-tribrom anilin) + Anilin c tnh baz yu, b baz mnh y ra khi dd mui: C6H5NH2 + HCl C6H5NH3Cl (phenyl amoni clorua) C6H5NH3Cl + NaOH C6H5NH2 + NaCl + H2O + /ch anilin theo s :
HNO3 Fe + HCl C6H6 C6H5NH2 C6H5NO2 Benzen Nitro benzen

B. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: DA VO PHN NG GIA AMIN VI AXIT HOC VI BROM TNH KHI LNG MUI THU C V KHI LNG AMIN BAN U Cu 1: Cho 9,3 gam anilin (C6H5NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l A. 11,95 gam. B. 12,95 gam. C. 12,59 gam. D. 11,85 gam. Cu 2: Cho 5,9 gam etylamin (C3H7NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui (C3H7NH3Cl) thu c l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, N = 14) A. 8,15 gam. B. 9,65 gam. C. 8,10 gam. D. 9,55 gam.

Cu 3: Cho 4,5 gam etylamin (C2H5NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l A. 7,65 gam. B. 8,15 gam. C. 8,10 gam. D. 0,85 gam. Cu 4: Cho anilin tc dng va vi dung dch HCl thu c 38,85 gam mui. Khi lng anilin phn ng l A. 18,6g B. 9,3g C. 37,2g D. 27,9g. Cu 5: Cho anilin tc dng vi va vi dd cha 24 gam brom thu c m (gam) kt ta trng. Gi tr ca m l: A. 16,8 g. B. 16,5 g. C. 15,6 g.D. 15,7 g.

Cu 6: Cho m (gam) anilin tc dng vi va vi nc brom thu c 3,3 gam kt ta trng. Gi tr ca m l: A. 0,93 g. B. 1,93 g. C. 3,93 g.D. 1,73 g.

Cu 7: Cho nc brom d vo anilin thu c 16,5 g kt ta. Gi s hiu sut p. t 100%. Khi lng anilin trong dd l: A. 4,50. B. 9,30.C. 46,50. D. 4,65.

Cu 8: Ngi ta iu ch anilin bng cch nitro ha 39 g benzen ri kh hp cht nitro sinh ra. Bit hiu sut mi giai on l 80%. Khi lng anilin thu c l: A. 29,76 g. B. 37,20 g. C. 43,40 g.D. 46,05 g.

Cu 9: Ngi ta iu ch anilin bng cch nitro ha 500 g benzen ri kh hp cht nitro sinh ra. Bit hiu sut mi giai on l 78%. Khi lng anilin thu c l: A. 346,7 g. B. 362,7 g. C. 463,4 g.D. 465,0 g. A. CH3NH2. B. C3H7NH2. C.

DNG 2: XC NH CU TO AMIN DA VO PHN NG TO MUI Cu 10: Cho 2,25 gam mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng va vi 500ml dd HCl 0,1M. CT ca X l: C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.

Cu 11: Cho 10,95 gam mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng va vi 150ml dd HCl 1M. CT ca X l: A. CH3NH2. B. C3H7NH2. C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2. A. CH3NH2. B. C 3H7NH2.

Cu 12: Cho 0,4 mol mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng vi lng d dd HCl thu c 32,6g mui. CT ca X l: C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.

Cu 13: Cho 5,9 gam mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng vi lng d dd HCl thu c 9,55g mui. CT ca X l: C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.

A. CH3NH2.

B. C 3H7NH2.

Cu 14: Cho 6,2 gam mt amin (X) no, n chc, bc 1, tc dng vi lng d dd HCl thu c 13,5g mui. CT ca X l: C. C4H9NH2. D. C2H5NH2.

A. CH3NH2.

B. C 3H7NH2.

DNG 3: XC NH CU TO AMIN DA VO PHN NG T CHY + Amin n chc (ch c mt nguyn t N):

y CxHyN + ( x + ) O2 4

x CO2 +

y H2O + 2

1 N2 2

=> Tm x, y ?

+ Amin no, n chc: CnH2n+3N + (

1 2n+3 6n + 3 ) O2 nCO2 + H2O + N2 => Tm n ? 2 2 2

(T amin no, n chc CnH2n+3N => Suy ra amin no, n chc bc 1 CnH2n+1NH2). Cu 15: t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X thu c 9 g H2O; 2,24 lt CO2 v 1,12 lt N2 ktc. CTPT ca X l: A. CH5N. B. C2H7N. C. C3H9ND. C4H11N.

Cu 16: t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X thu c 10,125g H2O; 8,4 lt CO2 v 1,4 lt N2 ktc. CTPT ca X l: A. CH5N. B. C3H7N. C. C3H9ND. C4H11N.

Cu 17: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt amin n chc X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 v 6,3g H2O. CTPT ca X: A. CH5N. B. C2H7N. C. C3H9ND. C4H11N.

Cu 18: t chy hon ton hn hp 2 amin no, n chc, bc 1, l ng ng k tip nhau, thu c CO 2 v H2O vi t l s mol l: nCO2:nH2O = 1:2. Hai amin trn l: A. CH3NH2 v C2H7NH2. C. C3H7NH2 v C4H9NH2. B. C2H5NH2 v C3H7NH2. D. C4H9NH2 v C5H11NH2.

Cu 19: t chy hon ton hn hp 2 amin no, n chc, bc 1, l ng ng k tip nhau, thu c CO 2 v H2O vi t l s mol l: nCO2:nH2O = 7 : 10. Hai amin trn l: A. CH3NH2 v C2H7NH2. B. C2H5NH2 v C3H7NH2.

C. C3H7NH2 v C4H9NH2. D. C4H9NH2 v C5H11NH2. C. MT S CU TRC NGHIM Cu 1: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C2H7N l A. 4. B. 3. Cu 2: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C3H9N l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 3: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C4H11N l A. 5. B. 7. C. 6. D. 8. Cu 4: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C3H9N l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 5: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C4H11N l

C. 2.

D. 5.

A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 6: C bao nhiu amin cha vng benzen c cng cng thc phn t C7H9N A. 3 amin. B. 5 amin. C. 6 amin. D. 7 amin. Cu 7: Anilin c cng thc l A. CH3COOH. B. C6H5OH. C. C6H5NH2. D. CH3OH. Cu 8: Trong cc cht sau, cht no l amin bc 2? A. H2N-[CH2]6NH2 B. CH3CH(CH3)NH2 C. CH3NHCH3 D. C6H5NH2 Cu 9: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht CH3CH(CH3)NH2? A. Metyletylamin. B. Etylmetylamin. C. Isopropanamin. D. Isopropylamin. Cu 10: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht C6H5-CH2-NH2? A. Phenylamin. B. Benzylamin. C. Anilin. D.Phenylmetylamin. Cu 11: Cht khng c kh nng lm xanh nc qu tm l A. Anilin B. Natri hiroxit. C. Natri axetat. D. Amoniac. Cu 12: tch ring tng cht t hn hp benzen, anilin, phenol ta ch cn dng cc ho cht (dng c,iu kin th nghim y ) l A. dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl, kh CO2. B. dung dch Br2, dung dch HCl, kh CO2. C. dung dch Br2, dung dch NaOH, kh CO2. D. dung dch NaOH, dung dch NaCl, kh CO2. Cu 13: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l: A. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac. B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit. C. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit. D. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat. Cu 14: Kt ta xut hin khi nh dung dch brom vo A. ancol etyliC. B. benzen. C. anilin. D. axit axetic. Cu 15: Cht lm giy qu tm m chuyn thnh mu xanh l A. C2H5OH. B. CH3NH2. C. C6H5NH2. D. NaCl. Cu 16: Anilin (C6H5NH2) phn ng vi dung dch A. NaOH. B. HCl. C. Na2CO3. D. NaCl. Cu 17: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit 3 cht lng trn l A. dung dch phenolphtalein. B. nc brom. C. dung dch NaOH. D. giy qu tm. Cu 18: Anilin (C6H5NH2) v phenol (C6H5OH) u c phn ng vi A. dung dch NaCl. B. dung dch HCl. C. nc Br2. D. dung dch NaOH. Cu 29: Dung dch metylamin trong nc lm A. qu tm khng i mu. B. qu tm ha xanh. C. phenolphtalein ho xanh. D. phenolphtalein khng i mu. Cu 20: Cht c tnh baz l A. CH3NH2. B. CH3COOH. C. CH3CHO. D. C6H5OH. Cu 21: Pht biu nao sau y khng ng ? A. Cc amin u c tnh baz. B. Tnh baz ca cc amin u mnh hn NH3.

C. Anilin c tnh baz rt yu nn khng lm i mu qu tm. D. Amin co tinh baz do trn N co cp e cha tham gia lin kt. Cu 22: Dung dch C2H5NH2 trong H2O khng phn ng vi cht no sau y ? A. HCl. B. H2SO4. C. Qu tm. D. NaOH Cu 23: Nhn nh no sau y khng ng? A. Amin c tnh baz v trn nguyn t N c i e t do nn c kh nng nhn proton. B. Trong phn t anilin c nh hng qua li gia nhm amino v gc phenyl. C. Anilin c tnh baz mnh nn lm mt mu nc brom. D. Anilin khng lm i mu qu tm. Cu 24: Cho cc hp cht hu c sau: C6H5NH2 (1); C2H5NH2 (2); CH3NH2 (3); NH3 (4). mnh ca cc baz c sp xp theo th t tng dn l: A. 1 < 4 < 3 < 2. B. 1 < 3 < 2 < 4. C. 1 < 2 < 4 <3. D. 1 < 2 < 3 < 4. Cu 25: Cho cc hp cht hu c sau: C6H5NH2 (1); C2H5NH2 (2); (C2H5)2NH (3); NaOH (4); NH3 (5). mnh ca cc baz c sp xp theo th t tng dn l: A. 1 < 5 < 2 < 3 < 4. B. 1 < 5 < 3 < 2 < 4. C. 5 < 1 < 2 < 4 <3. D. 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 < 5. Cu 26: Cho cc hp cht hu c sau: C 6H5NH2 (1); C2H5NH2 (2); (C2H5)2NH (3); NaOH (4); NH3 (5); CH3NH2 (6); C2H5OH (7). mnh ca cc baz c sp xp theo th t tng dn l: A. 7 < 5 < 6 < 2 < 1 < 3 < 4. B. 7 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 3 < 2 < 4. C. 4 < 5 < 6 < 1 < 2 < 3 < 7. D. 7 < 1 <5 < 6 < 2 < 3 < 4. Cu 27: Amin c CTPT C4H11N c s ng phn amin bc 2 l: A. 4. B. 3. C. 1. D. 8 Cu 28: Amin c CTPT C3H9N c s ng phn amin bc 1 l: A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. AMINO AXIT A. L THUYT 1. Mt s khi nim - Cng thc chung : (NH2)xR(COOH)y . Khi x=1; y=1 => NH2 R COOH - Amino axit l hchc tp chc, phn t cha ng thi nhm amino (NH2) v nhm cacboxyl (COOH). - Trong dung dch, tn ti dng ion lng cc: NH3+ RCOO- Tn amino axit = axit + v tr nhm amino (-NH2) + tn axit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (v tr C) C C C C C C COOH (v tr - l v tr C mang nhm chc -COOH). + Glyxin: NH2 CH2 COOH (axit -amino axetic)

+ Alanin: CH3 CH(NH2) COOH hay NH2CH(CH3)COOH (axit -amino propionic) 2. Tnh cht ha hc: a. Tnh cht lng tnh (tnh baz l do nhm NH2 v tnh axit l do nhm COOH) - Tnh baz (tc dng vi axit): NH2RCOOH + HCl NH3Cl RCOOH (mui) - Tnh axit (tc dng vi baz): NH2RCOOH + NaOH NH2RCOONa + H2O b. Tham gia p. este ha (tc dng vi ancol/HCl) NH2 R COOH + C2H5OH/HCl NH3Cl R COOC2H5 + c. Phn ng trng ngng to polime + H2O
xt ,t , p n NH2 R COOH [-NHRCO-]n + nH2O
o

H2O

COOH Tm li: Amino axit tc dng vi: Kim loi (Na,) Oxit baz (CuO,) Baz tan (NaOH,) Mui (Na2CO3; CaCO3; )

NH2

Axit

B. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: XC NH CU TO AMINO AXIT DA VO PHN NG TO MUI Cu 1: X l mt amino axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc dng va vi 100ml dd HCl 1M, thu c 12,55g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-COOH. C. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COO B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH.

Cu 2: X l -amino axit axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho 10,3 g X tc dng vi axit HCl (d), thu c 13,95 g mui khan. CTCT thu gn ca X l: A. CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH. C. CH3CH(NH2)COOH. B. H2NCH2CH2COOH. D. H2NCH2COOH.

Cu 3: X l mt amino axit no (ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH). Cho 15,1 g X tc dng vi HCl d thu c 18,75 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-COOH. B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.

C. C6H5-CH(NH2)-COOH.

Cu 4: X l mt amino axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH 2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc dng va vi 150ml dd HCl 1M, thu c 16,725 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-COOH. CH2-COOH. Cu 5: X l mt amino axit no, ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho X tc dng vi 100ml dd NaOH 1M, thu c 11,1 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-COOH. CH2-COOH. Cu 6: X l mt amino axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho 7,5 g X tc dng vi dd NaOH, thu c 9,7 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-COOH. C. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH. B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. C. C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH D. H2N- CH2B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. C. C 2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H 2N- CH2-

Cu 7: X l mt amino axit no ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho 5,15 g X tc dng vi dd NaOH, thu c 6,25 g mui. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-COOH. D. H2N- CH2-CH2-COOH. Cu 8: Trung ho 1 mol -amino axit X cn 1 mol HCl to ra mui Y c hm lng clo l 28,286% v khi lng. CTCT ca X l: A. H2N-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH. C. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. B. H2N-CH2-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH. A. H2N-CH2B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. C. C 2H5-CH(NH2)-COOH.

Cu 9: Trung ho 1 mol -amino axit X cn 1 mol HCl to ra mui Y c hm lng clo l 32.127% v khi lng. CTCT ca X l: CH(NH2)-COOH. B. H2N-CH2-COOH. C. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH. D. H2N-CH2-CH2-COOH.

Cu 10: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit A tc dng va vi 80 ml dd HCl 0,25M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 3,67 g mui. Phn t khi ca A l: A. 134. B. 146. C. 147. D. 157.

DNG 2: XC NH CU TO AMIN DA VO PHN NG T CHY Lu : - Amino axit ch cha mt nhm amino (-NH2) v mt nhm cacboxyl (-COOH)

y y 1 1) O2 x CO2 + H2O + N2 => Tm x, y ? 4 2 2 - Amino axit no, ch cha mt nhm amino (-NH2) v mt nhm cacboxyl (-COOH): CxHy NO2 + ( x + CnH2n+1 NO2 + (6n 3) O2 4 n CO2 + 2n + 1 H2O + 2 1 N2 2 => Tm n ?

Cu 1: t chy hon ton 0,01 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no X, Y l ng ng k tip nhau, mi cht u cha 1 nhm (NH 2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), thu c 0,56 lt CO2 (ktc). CTPT ca X, Y ln lt l: A. CH3NO2 v C2H7NO2. C. C3H7NO2 v C4H9NO2. B. C2H5NO2 v C3H7NO2. D. C4H9NO2 v C5H11NO2.

Cu 2: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp 2 amino axit no, l ng ng k tip nhau, mi cht u cha 1 nhm (NH 2) v 1 nhm (-COOH), ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng dd NaOH d, thy khi lng bnh tng 32,8 g. CTCT ca 2 amino axit l: A. H2NCH(CH3)COOH, C2H5CH(NH2)COOH. C. H2NCH(CH3)COOH, H2N[CH2]3COOH. B. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH(CH3)COOH. D. H2NCH2COOH, H2NCH2CH2COOH

Cu 3: Este X c iu ch t amino axit Y v ancol etylic. T khi hi ca X so vi H2 bng 51,5. t chy hon ton 10,3 gam X thu c 17,6 gam kh CO2; 8,1 gam nc v 1,12 lt nit (ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. H2N-[CH2]2-COO-C2H5 B. H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5 C. H2N-CH(CH3)-COO-H D. H2N-CH(CH3)-COO-C2H5 Cu 4: Mt hp cht hu c cha cc nguyn t C, H, N, O c phn t khi bng 89. t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht thu c 3 mol CO2; 0,5 mol N2 v a mol hi nc. Cng thc phn t ca hp cht l A. C4H9O2N B. C2H5O2N C. C3H7NO2 D. C3H5NO2 C. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Amino axit l hp cht hu c trong phn t A. cha nhm cacboxyl v nhm amino. B. ch cha nhm amino. C. ch cha nhm cacboxyl. D. ch cha nit hoc cacbon. Cu 2: C4H9O2N c my ng phn amino axit c nhm amino v tr ? A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 3: C bao nhiu amino axit c cng cng thc phn t C4H9O2N? A. 3 cht. B. 4 cht. C. 5 cht. D. 6 cht. Cu 4: C bao nhiu amino axit c cng cng thc phn t C3H7O2N? A. 3 cht. B. 4 cht. C. 2 cht. D. 1 cht. Cu 5: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no khng ph hp vi cht CH3CH(NH2)COOH ?

A. Axit 2-aminopropanoic. B. Axit -aminopropionic. C. Anilin. D. Alanin. Cu 6: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no khng ph hp vi cht CH3-CH(CH3)-CH(NH2)-COOH? A. Axit 3-metyl-2-aminobutanoic. B. Valin. C. Axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic. D. Axit -aminoisovaleriC. Cu 7: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l glixin? A. H2N-CH2-COOH B. CH3CH(NH2)COOH C. HOOC-CH2CH(NH2)COOH D. H2NCH2-CH2COOH Cu 8: Dung dch ca cht no sau y khng lm i mu qu tm : A. Glixin (CH2NH2-COOH) B. Lizin (H2NCH2-[CH2]3CH(NH2)-COOH) C. Axit glutamic (HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH) D. Natriphenolat (C6H5ONa) Cu 9: Cht X va tc dng c vi axit, va tc dng c vi baz. Cht X l A. CH3COOH. B. H2NCH2COOH. C. CH3CHO. D. CH3NH2. Cu 10: Cht no sau y va tc dng c vi H2NCH2COOH, va tc dng c vi CH3NH2? A. NaCl. B. HCl. C. CH3OH. D. NaOH. Cu 11: Cht rn khng mu, d tan trong nc, kt tinh iu kin thng l A. C6H5NH2. B. C2H5OH. C. H2NCH2COOH. D. CH3NH2. Cu 12: Cht tham gia phn ng trng ngng l A. C2H5OH. B. CH2 = CHCOOH. C. H2NCH2COOH. D. CH3COOH. Cu 13: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (anilin), H2NCH2COOH, CH3CH2COOH, CH3CH2CH2NH2, C6H5OH (phenol). S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch HCl l A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 5. Cu 14: chng minh aminoaxit l hp cht lng tnh ta c th dng phn ng ca cht ny ln lt vi A. dung dch KOH v dung dch HCl. B. dung dch NaOH v dung dch NH3. C. dung dch HCl v dung dch Na2SO4 . D. dung dch KOH v CuO. Cu 15: Cht phn ng c vi cc dung dch: NaOH, HCl l A. C2H6. B. H2N-CH2-COOH. C. CH3COOH. D. C2H5OH. Cu 16: Axit aminoaxetic (H2NCH2COOH) tc dng c vi dung dch A. NaNO3. B. NaCl. C. NaOH. D. Na2SO4. Cu 17: Dung dch ca cht no trong cc cht di y khng lm i mu qu tm ? A. CH3NH2. B. NH2CH2COOH C. HOOCCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH. D. CH3COONa. Cu 18: phn bit 3 dung dch H2NCH2COOH, CH3COOH v C2H5NH2 ch cn dng mt thuc th l A. dung dch NaOH. B. dung dch HCl. C. natri kim loi. D. qu tm. Cu 19: Glixin khng tc dng vi A. H2SO4 long. B. CaCO3. C. C2H5OH. D. NaCl. Cu 20: Cho hp cht H2NCH2COOH ln lt tc dng vi cc cht sau: Br2, CH3OH/HCl, NaOH, CH3COOH, HCl, CuO, Na, Na2CO3. S phn ng xy ra l: A. 5. B. 6. C. 8.D. 7. Cu 21: Dung dch cht no di y lm qu tm ha xanh ?

A. C6H5NH2.

B. H2NCH2COOH.
D. H2NCHCOOH CH2CH2COOH

C. CH3CH2NH2. Cu 23: C 5 dd cha: CH3COOH, glixerol, dd glucoz, h tinh bt, lng trng trng. S cht tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/OH- l: A. bn cht. B. hai cht. C. ba cht D. nm cht. Cu 24: C cc cht: lng trng trng (anbumin), dd glucoz, dd anilin, dd anehit axetic. Nhn bit chng bng thuc th no? A. dd Br2. B. Cu(OH)2/OH-. C. HNO3 c. D.ddAgNO3/NH3. PEPTIT PROTEIN A. L THUYT PROTEIN (lng trng trng - anbumin) - gm t 2 n 50 gc -amino axit - gm nhiu gc -amino axit lin kt vi nhau lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt peptit bng lin kt peptit (- CONH-) khng theo mt (- CONH-) theo mt trt t nht nh. trt t. - thnh phn, s lng, trt t sp xp cc amino axit thay i to ra cc protein khc nhau (tnh a dng ca protein). Vd: - Peptit to nn t glyxin v alanin V d: -NH-CH-CO-NH-CH-CO- l: R1 R2 NH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH . Hay [-NH-CH-CO-]n Ri Lk peptit => peptit ny thuc loi ipeptit 1/. Phn ng thy phn ( trong mi 1/. Phn ng thy phn ( trong mt axit (H+), + trng axit (H ), baz (OH ) hoc baz (OH-) hoc enzim ) to ra cc enzim ) to ra cc -amino axit. amino axit. 2/. Phn ng mu biure: Tc dng 2/. Phn ng mu biure: Tc dng vi vi Cu(OH)2 to hp cht mu Cu(OH)2 to hp cht mu tm. tm (/v peptit c t 2 lin kt peptit tr). *Lu : Protein b ng t khi un nng hoc khi gp axit, baz, mt s mui PEPTIT

Cu to phn t

Tnh cht

B. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM

Lu : - T n phn t -amino axit khc nhau th c n! ng phn peptit (peptit cha n gc -amino axit khc nhau) - T n phn t -amino axit khc nhau th c n2 s peptit c to thnh - S lng peptit cha n gc -amino axit (c th trng nhau) t a phn t -amino axit (n a) l an - S phn t -amino axit to peptit = s lin kt peptit +1 Cu 1: Tripeptit l hp cht A. m mi phn t c 3 lin kt peptit. B. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit ging nhau. C. c lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc amino axit khc nhau. D. c 2 lin kt peptit m phn t c 3 gc -amino axit. Cu 2: C bao nhiu tripeptit m phn t cha 3 gc amino axit khc nhau? A. 3 cht. B. 5 cht. C. 6 cht. D. 8 cht. Cu 3: Trong cc cht di y, cht no l ipeptit ? A. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-CH2-COOH. B. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH. C. H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH. D. H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH Cu 4: T glyxin (Gly) v alanin (Ala) c th to ra my cht ipeptit ? A. 1 cht. B. 2 cht. C. 3 cht. D. 4 cht. Cu 5: Sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh thy phn cc protein n gin nh cht xc tc thch hp l A. -aminoaxit. B. -aminoaxit. C. axit cacboxyliC. D. este. Cu 6: S ng phn ipeptit to thnh t 1 phn t glyxin v 1 phn t alanin l A. 3. B. 1. C. 2. D. 4. Cu 7: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi ipeptit ? A. H2N-CH2CONH-CH2CONH-CH2COOH. B. H2N-CH2CONH-CH(CH3)-COOH. C. H2N- CH2CH2CONH-CH2CH2COOH. D. H2N-CH2CH2CONH-CH2COOH. Cu 8: Mt trong nhng quan im khc nhau gia protein so vi lipit v cacbohidrat l : A. protein lun cha chc ancol (-OH). B. protein lun cha nit. C. protein lun l cht hu c no. D. protein c phn t khi ln hn. Cu 9: Sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh thy phn cc protein n gin nh xc tc thch hp l: A. amino axit. B. amino axit. C. axit cacboxylic.D. este. Cu 10: Khi thy phn tripeptit H2N CH(CH3)CO-NH-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH s to ra cc amino axit A. H2NCH2COOH v CH3CH(NH2)COOH. B. H2NCH2CH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH2COOH. C. H2NCH(CH3)COOH v H2NCH(NH2)COOH. D. CH3CH(NH2)CH2COOH v H2NCH2COOH. Cu 11: Tn gi no sau y ph hp vi peptit c CTCT: H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)CONHCH2COOH ? A. alanin -alanin-glyxin. B. alanin-glyxin-alanin C. glyxin -alanin-glyxin. D. glyxin-glyxin- alanin.

Cu 12: Protein phn ng vi dung dch Cu(OH)2 to sn phm c mu c trung l: A. Mu tm B. mu vng C. mu D. mu da cam Cu 13: S tripeptit to thnh t 1 phn t glyxin v 1 phn t alanin l A. 8 B. 3. C. 5. D. 4. Cu 14: S tripeptit to thnh t 1 phn t glyxin, 1 phn t alanin v 1 phn t valin A. 8 B. 16 C. 27 D.9 Cu 15: S kt ta protit bng nhit c gi l A. s ngng t B. s trng ngng C. s ng t D. s phn hu Cu 16: Pht biu no di y v protein l khng ng? A. Protein l nhng polipeptit cao phn t (phn t khi t vi chc ngn n vi triu vC) B. Protein phc tp l nhng protein c to thnh t protein n gin v lipit, gluxit, axit nucleic,.. C. Protein n gin l nhng protein c to thnh ch t cc gc - v -amino axit D. Protein c vai tr l nn tng v cu trc v chc nng ca mi s sng-----CHNG 4: POLIME V VT LIU POLIME I. NI DUNG L THUYT POLIME I-KHAI NIM : Polime hay hp cht cao phn t l nhng hp cht c PTK ln do nhiu n v c s gi l mt xch lin kt vi nhau to nn. V d: ( CH 2 CH = CH CH 2 ) n n: h s polime ha ( polime ha) II-TINH CHT HOA HOC: -Phn ng phn ct mch polime. -Phan ng gi nguyn mch polime. -Phan ng tng mch polime. III-IU CH POLIME : 1- Phn ng trng hp : VT LIU POLIME A. Cht do l nhng vt liu polime c tnh do. Mt s cht polime c lm cht do 1. Polietilen (PE). xt ,t o nCH 2 = CH 2 (CH 2 CH 2 ) n 2. Polivinyl clorua (PVC). xt ,t o nCH 2 = CH (CH 2 CH ) n

Cl Cl 3. Poli(metyl metacrylat). Thy tinh hu c COOCH3 (-CH2-C-)n CH3. 4. Poli(phenol-fomanehit) (PPF) -C 3 dng: nha novolac, rezol, rezit. B. T l nhng polime hnh si di v mnh vi bn nht nh. T thin nhin ( bng , len .t tm )
T -T tng hp -T poliamit (nilon, capron )

Trng hp T hoa hoc l qu -T vinylic th trnh kt hp nhiu phn t ( nitron) nh -T ban tng hp (t nhn tao ) (monome) gi (T visco , t xenluloz axetat) ng nhau hay tng nhau *MT S T TNG HP THNG GP : thnh phn t 1. T nilon 6,6. (t tng hp) " thuc loi poliamit. ln (polime). 2. T nitron. (t tng hp) -iu kin :Monome tham ROOR ' ,t o nCH 2 = CH ( CH 2 CH ) n gia phan ng trung CN CN hp phai co lin kt bi ( lin Acrilonitrin poliacrilonitrin kt i C. Cao su l loi vt liu polime c tnh n hi. hoc vong 1. Cao su thin nhin: Cao su isopren kem bn co th m ra ) ( CH 2 C = CH CH 2 ) n -TD: nCH = CH (CH CH ) CH 3 2.Cao su tng hp. 2- Phn ng trng ngng : -Cao su buna : (CH 2 CH = CH CH 2 )n Trng ng -Cao su buna S : ( CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH-CH2) ng l qu C6H5 trnh kt hp nhiu phn t -Cao su buna N : ( CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH-CH2) nh CN (monome) th D. Ko dn l loi vt liu c kh nng kt dnh hai mnh vt nh phn t ln (polime) liu rn khc nhau. ng thi Keo dn epoxi, Keo dn ure-fomanehit, nha va sm gii phng nhng phn t nh khc (nh H 2O ). -iu kin : Monome tham gia phan ng trung ngng phai co it nht 2 nhom chc c o kha n ng phan ng . -TD: n HOOC-C6H4-COOH + nHOCH2 CH2-OH
xt , t o 2 2 2 2 n

t0 ( CO-C6H4-CO-OC2H4O )n + 2n H2O

II. MT S DNG BI TP: + Dng 1: Tnh khi lng monome hoc polime to thnh vi hiu sut phn ng Cu 1: T 4 tn C2H4 c cha 30% tp cht c th iu ch bao nhiu tn PE ? (Bit hiu sut phn ng l 90%) A. 2,55 B. 2,8 C. 2,52 D.3,6 Cu 2: Sau khi trng hp 1 mol etilen th thu c sn phm c phn ng va vi 16 gam brom. Hiu sut phn ng v khi lng polime thu c l A. 80% ; 22,4 gam. B. 90% ; 25,2 gam. C. 20% ; 25,2 gam.D. 10%; 28 gam. 3 Cu 3: Cho s chuyn ha: CH4 C2H2 C2H3Cl PVC. tng hp 250 kg PVC theo s trn th cn V m kh thin nhin (ktc). Gi tr ca V l (bit CH4 chim 80% th tch kh thin nhin, hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 50%) A. 224,0. B. 448,0. C. 286,7.D. 358,4. + Dng 2: Tnh s mt xch trong polime Cu 1: Phn t khi trung bnh ca PVC l 750000. H s polime ho ca PVC l A. 12.000 B. 15.000 C. 24.000 D. 25.000 Cu 2: Phn t khi trung bnh ca polietilen X l 420000. H s polime ho ca PE l A. 12.000 B. 13.000 C. 15.000 D. 17.000 Cu 3: Khi lng ca mt on mch t nilon-6,6 l 27346 u v ca mt on mch t capron l 17176 u. S lng mt xch trong on mch nilon-6,6 v capron nu trn ln lt l A. 113 v 152. B. 121 v 114. C. 121 v 152. D. 113 v 114. Cu 4: Mt loi polietylen c phn t khi l 50000. H s trng hp ca loi polietylen xp x A. 1230 B. 1529 C. 920D. 1786 Cu 5: Polime X c phn t khi l 336000 v h s trng hp l 12000. Vy X l A. PE. B. PP. C. PVCD. Teflon. III. CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Polivinyl clorua c cng thc l A. (-CH2-CHCl-)2. B. (-CH2-CH2-)n. C. (-CH2-CHBr-)n. D. (-CH2-CHF-)n. Cu 2: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l A. stiren. B. isopren. C. propen. D. toluen. Cu 3: Cht c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l A. propan. B. propen. C. etan.D. toluen. Cu 4: Qu trnh nhiu phn t nh (monome) kt hp vi nhau thnh phn t ln (polime) ng thi gii phng nhng phn t nc gi l phn ng A. nhit phn. B. trao i. C. trng hp. D. trng ngng. Cu 5: Qu trnh nhiu phn t nh (monome) kt hp vi nhau thnh phn t ln (polime) ng thi gii phng nhng phn t nc c gi l phn ng

A. trao i. B. nhit phn. C. trng hp. D. trng ngng. Cu 6: Tn gi ca polime c cng thc (-CH2-CH2-)n l A. polivinyl clorua. B. polietilen. C. polimetyl metacrylat. D. polistiren. Cu 7: T monome nao sau y co th iu ch c poli(vinyl ancol)? A. CH2=CH-COOCH3. B. CH2=CH-OCOCH3. C. CH2=CH-COOC2H5. D. CH2=CH-CH2OH. Cu 8: Cht tham gia phn ng trng hp to ra polime l A. CH3-CH2-Cl. B. CH3-CH3. C. CH2=CH-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-CH3. Cu 9: Monome c dng iu ch polietilen l A. CH2=CH-CH3. B. CH2=CH2. C. CHCH. D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2. Cu 10: Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l: A. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2. B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2. C. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh. D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2. Cu 11: Cho cc polime sau: (-CH2 CH2-)n ; (- CH2- CH=CH- CH2-)n ; (- NH-CH2 -CO-)n Cng thc ca cc monome khi trng hp hoc trng ngng to ra cc polime trn ln lt l A. CH2=CHCl, CH3-CH=CH-CH3, CH3- CH(NH2)- COOH. B. CH2=CH2, CH2=CH-CH= CH2, NH2- CH2- COOH. C. CH2=CH2, CH3- CH=C= CH2, NH2- CH2- COOH. D. CH2=CH2, CH3- CH=CH-CH3, NH2- CH2- CH2- COOH. Cu 12: Trong s cc loi t sau: (1) [-NH-(CH2)6-NH-OC-(CH2)4-CO-]n (2) [-NH-(CH2)5-CO-]n (3) [C6H7O2(OOC-CH3)3]n . T nilon-6,6 l A. (1). B. (1), (2), (3). C. (3). D. (2). Cu 13: Nha phenolfomandehit c iu ch bng cch un nng phenol (d) vi dung dch A. HCOOH trong mi trng axit. B. CH3CHO trong mi trng axit. C. CH3COOH trong mi trng axit. D. HCHO trong mi trng axit. Cu 14: Polivinyl axetat (hoc poli(vinyl axetat)) l polime c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp A. C2H5COO-CH=CH2. B. CH2=CH-COO-C2H5. C. CH3COO-CH=CH2. D. CH2=CH-COO-CH3. Cu 15: Nilon6,6 l mt loi A. t axetat. B. t poliamit. C. polieste. D. t visco. Cu 16: Polime dng ch to thu tinh hu c (plexiglas) c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp A. CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3. B. CH2 =CHCOOCH3. C. C6H5CH=CH2. D. CH3COOCH=CH2. Cu 17: Polivinyl clorua (PVC) iu ch t vinyl clorua bng phn ng A. trao i. B. oxi ho - kh. C. trng hp. D. trng ngng. Cu 18: Cng thc cu to ca polibutaien l A. (-CF2-CF2-)n. B. (-CH2-CHCl-)n. C. (-CH2-CH2-)n. D. (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n. Cu 19: T c sn xut t xenluloz l A. t tm. B. t capron. C. t nilon-6,6. D. t visco.

Cu 20: Monome c dng iu ch polipropilen l A. CH2=CH-CH3. B. CH2=CH2. C. CHCH. D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2. Cu 21: T c sn xut t xenluloz l A. t visco. B. t nilon-6,6. C. t tm. D. t capron. Cu 22: T lapsan thuc loai A. t poliamit. B. t visco. C. t polieste. D. t axetat. Cu 23: T capron thuc loai A. t poliamit. B. t visco. C. t polieste. D. t axetat. Cu 24: T nilon - 6,6 c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng A. HOOC-(CH2)2-CH(NH2)-COOH. B. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH v HO-(CH2)2-OH. C. HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH v H2N-(CH2)6-NH2. D. H2N-(CH2)5-COOH. Cu 25: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y Cao su Buna. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l A. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO. B. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2. C. CH2CH2OH v CH3-CH=CH-CH3.D. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH-CH=CH2. Cu 26: Cao su buna c to thnh t buta-1,3-ien bng phn ng A. trng hp B. trng ngng C. cng hp D. phn ng th Cu 27: Cng thc phn t ca cao su thin nhin A. ( C5H8)n B. ( C4H8)n C. ( C4H6)n D. ( C2H4)n Cu 28: Cht khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng ngng l : A. glyxin. B. axit terephtaric. C. axit axetic D. etylen glycol. Cu 29: T nilon -6,6 thuc loi A. t nhn to. B. t bn tng hp.C. t thin nhin. D. t tng hp. Cu 30: T visco khng thuc lo A. t ha hC. B. t tng hp.C. t bn tng hp. D. t nhn to. Cu 31. Trong cc loi t di y, t nhn to l A. t visco. B. t capron.C. t nilon -6,6. D. t tm. Cu 32. Teflon l tn ca mt polime c dng lm A. cht do. B. t tng hp.C. cao su tng hp. D. keo dn. Cu 33: Polime c cu trc mng khng gian (mng li) l A. PVC. B. nha bakelit. C. PE. D. amilopectin. Cu 34: T nilon-6,6 c tng hp t phn ng A. trng hp gia axit aipic v hexametylen i amin C. trng hp t caprolactan B. trng ngng gia axit aipic v hexametylen i amin D. trng ngng t caprolactan Cu 39: Qu trnh iu ch t no di y l qu trnh trng hp ? A. t nitron (t olon) t acrilo nitrin. B. t capron t axit -amino caproic. C. t nilon-6,6 t hexametilen diamin v axit adipic. D. t lapsan t etilen glicol v axit terephtaliC. Cu 40: Loi t no di y thng dng dt vi may qun o m hoc bn thnh si len an o rt?

A. T capron B. T nilon -6,6 C. T capron D. T nitron. Cu 41: Cho cc hp cht: (1) CH2=CH-COOCH3 ; (2) HCHO ; (3) HO-(CH2)6-COOH; (5) HOOC-(CH2)-COOH; (6) C6H5-CH=CH2 ; (7) H2N-(CH2)6-NH2. Nhng cht no c th tham gia phn ng trng ngng? A. 1, 2, 6 B. 5, 7C. 3, 5, 7 D. 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 Cu 42: Poli (vinylancol) l: A. Sn phm ca phn ng trng hp CH2=CH(OH) B. Sn phm ca phn ng thu phn poli(vinyl axetat ) trong mi trng kim C. Sn phm ca phn ng cng nc vo axetilen D. Sn phm ca phn ng gia axit axetic vi axetilen Cu 43: Loi cao su no di y l kt qu ca phn ng ng trng hp? A. Cao su clopren B. Cao su isopren C. Cao su bunaD. Cao su buna-N Cu 44: Qua nghin cu thc nghim cho thy cao su thin nhin l polime ca monome A. Buta- 1,2-ien B. Buta- 1,3-ien C. 2- metyl buta- 1,3-ien D. Buta- 1,4-ien Cu 45: Polime (-CH2 CH(CH3) - CH2 C(CH3) = CH - CH2 -)n c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp monome A. CH2 = CH - CH3 v CH2 = C(CH3) - CH2 - CH = CH2 B. CH2 = C(CH3) - CH = CH2 C. CH2 = CH - CH3 D. CH2 = CH - CH3 v CH2 = C(CH3) - CH = CH2 Cu 46: Ch r monome ca sn phm trng hp c tn gi poli propilen (P.P) A. CH2 = CH - CH3 B. (- CH2 - CH2 - )n C. CH2 = CH2 D. (- CH2 CH(CH3) -)n Cu 47: Trong cc cp cht sau, cp cht no tham gia phn ng trng ngng? A. CH2=CH-Cl v CH2=CH-OCO-CH3B. CH2=CH - CH=CH2 v CH2=CH-CN C. H2N-CH2-NH2 v HOOC-CH2-COOHD. CH2=CH - CH=CH2 v C6H5-CH=CH2 Cu 48: T nilon- 6,6 l A. Poliamit ca axit aipicv hexametyleniamin B. Poliamit ca axit - aminocaproic C. Hexacloxiclohexan D. Polieste ca axit aipic v etilen glicol Cu 49: Poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC) c iu ch theo s : X Y Z PVC. cht X l: A. etan B. butan C. metanD. propan Cu 50: Dy gm cc cht c dng tng hp cao su Buna-S l: A. CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2.B. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, C6H5CH=CH2. C. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, lu hunh.D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2, CH3-CH=CH2. Cu 51: Cao su c sn xut t sn phm trng hp ca buta-1,3-ien vi CN-CH=CH2 c tn gi thng thng l A. cao su Buna. B. cao su Buna-S.C. cao su Buna- N. D. cao su cloropren. Cu 52: Cht hoc cp cht di y khng th tham gia phn ng trng ngng l A. phenol v fomanehit B. buta-1,3-ien v stiren.

(4)

C6H5OH;

C. axit aipic v hexametileniamin D. axit -aminocaproic Cu 53: Polime thin nhin: tinh bt (C6H10O5)n; cao su isopren (C5H8)n; t tm (-NH-R-CO-)n. Polime c th c coi l sn phm trng ngng l A. tinh bt (C6H10O5) B. tinh bt (C6H10O5); cao su isopren (C5H8)n. C. cao su isopren (C5H8)n D. tinh bt (C6H10O5); t tm (-NH-R-CO-)n Cu 54: c im cu to ca cc phn t nh (monome) tham gia phn ng trng hp l A. phi l hirocacbon B. phi c 2 nhm chc tr ln C. phi l anken hoc ankaien. D. phi c mt lin kt i hoc vng no khng bn. CHNG 5: I CNG KIM LOI V TR CA KIM LOI TRONG BNG TUN HON CU TO KIM LOI I. L THUYT 1. V tr kim loi trong bng tun hon - Nhm IA (tr H), nhm IIA, nhm IIIA (tr Bo) v mt phn nhm IVA, VA, VIA - Cc nhm B (t IB n VIIIB) - H lantan v h actini 2. Cu to ca kim loi a. Cu to nguyn t c im cu hnh e lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi: c 1, 2 hoc 3 e b. Cu to tinh th - nhit thng cc kim loi th rn v c cu to tinh th (ring Hg th lng) - Mng tinh th kim loi gm c: + Nguyn t kim loi + Ion kim loi + Electron ha tr (hay e t do) - Ba kiu mng tinh th kim loi ph bin + Mng tinh th lc phng c c kht 74% (Be, Mg, Zn) + Mng tinh th lp phng tm din c c kht 74% (Cu, Ag, Au, Al) + Mng tinh th lp phng tm khi c c kht 68% (Li, Na, K, V, Mo) c. Lin kt kim loi Lin kt kim loi l lin kt c hnh thnh gia cc nguyn t kim loi v ion kim loi trong mng tinh th do s tham gia ca cc e t do II. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IIA l A. 3. B. 2. C. 4. D. 1. Cu 2: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IA l A. 3. B. 2. C. 4. D. 1.

Cu 3: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IA l A. R2O3. B. RO2. C. R2O. D. RO. Cu 4: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IIA l A. R2O3. B. RO2. C. R2O. D. RO. Cu 5: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z =11) l A. 1s22s2 2p6 3s2. B. 1s22s2 2p6. C. 1s22s22p63s1. D. 1s22s22p6 3s23p1. Cu 6: Hai kim loi u thuc nhm IIA trong bng tun hon l A. Sr, K. B. Na, Ba. C. Be, Al. D. Ca, Ba. Cu 7: Hai kim loi u thuc nhm IA trong bng tun hon l A. Sr, K. B. Na, K. C. Be, Al. D. Ca, Ba. Cu 8: Nguyn t Fe c Z = 26, cu hnh e ca Fe l A. [Ar ] 3d6 4s2. B. [Ar ] 4s13d7. C. [Ar ] 3d7 4s1. D. [Ar ] 4s23d6. Cu 9: Nguyn t Cu c Z = 29, cu hnh e ca Cu l A. [Ar ] 3d9 4s2. B. [Ar ] 4s23d9. C. [Ar ] 3d10 4s1. D. [Ar ] 4s13d10. Cu 10: Nguyn t Cr c Z = 24, cu hnh e ca Cr l A. [Ar ] 3d4 4s2. B. [Ar ] 4s23d4. C. [Ar ] 3d5 4s1. D. [Ar ] 4s13d5. Cu 11: Nguyn t Al c Z = 13, cu hnh e ca Al l A. 1s22s22p63s23p1. B. 1s22s22p63s3. C. 1s22s22p63s23p3. D. 1s22s22p63s23p2. Cu 12: Cation M+ c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng 2s22p6 l A. Rb+. B. Na+. C. Li+. D. K+. II. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1 : XC NH TN KIM LOI Cu 1. Ho tan 2,52 gam mt kim loi bng dung dch H2SO4 long d, c cn dung dch thu c 6,84 gam mui khan. Kim loi l: A. Mg. B. Al. C. Zn. D. Fe. Cu 2. Ho tan ht m gam kim loi M bng dung dch H2SO4 long, ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 5m gam mui khan. Kim loi M l: A. Al. B. Mg. C. Zn. D. Fe. Cu 3: Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50 gam trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c 336 ml kh H 2 (ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Kim loi l A. Zn. B. Fe. C. Ni. D. Al. Cu 4. Nhit phn hon ton 3,5 gam mt mui cacbonat kim loi ho tr 2 thu c 1,96 gam cht rn. Mui cacbonat ca kim loi dng l: A. FeCO3. B. BaCO3. C. MgCO3. D. CaCO3. Cu 5. Ho tan hon ton 0,575 gam mt kim loi km vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu c cn 25 gam dung dch HCl 3,65%. Kim loi ho tan l: A. Li. B. K. C. Na. D. Rb. Cu 6. Ho tan 1,3 gam mt kim loi M trong 100 ml dung dch H 2SO4 0,3M. trung ho lng axit d cn 200 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Xc nh kim loi M? A. Al. B. Fe. C. Zn. D. Mg. Cu 7. Lng kh clo sinh ra khi cho dung dch HCl c d tc dng vi 6,96 gam MnO 2 oxi ho kim loi M (thuc nhm IIA), to ra 7,6 gam mui khan. Kim loi M l: A. Ba. B. Mg. C. Ca. D. Be.

Cu 8. Ho tan hon ton 2 gam kim loi thuc nhm IIA vo dung dch HCl v sau c cn dung dch ngi ta thu c 5,55 gam mui khan. Kim loi nhm IIA l: A. Be. B. Ba. C. Ca. D. Mg. Cu 9: Cho 1,67 gam hn hp gm hai kim loi 2 chu k lin tip thuc nhm IIA tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl (d), thot ra 0,672 lt kh H 2 ( ktc). Hai kim loi l (Mg= 24, Ca= 40, Sr= 87, Ba = 137) A. Be v Mg. B. Mg v Ca. C. Sr v Ba. D. Ca v Sr. Cu 10. Khi in phn mui clorua kim loi nng chy, ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc) anot v 3,12 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc mui clorua in phn l A. NaCl. B. CaCl2. C. KCl. D. MgCl2. Cu 11. Cho 19,2 gam kim loi (M) tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO3 long th thu c 4,48 lt kh NO (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht). Kim loi (M) l: A. Cu. B. Zn. C.Fe. D. Mg. TNH CHT CA KIM LOI DY IN HA CA KIM LOI I. L THUYT 1. Nhng tnh chat vat ly chung cua kim loai - Tnh deo (Au, Al, Ag - Tnh dan ien (Ag, Cu, Au, Al, Fe...) Do cac e t do trong kim loai gay - Tnh dan nhiet (Ag, Cu, Au, Al, Fe...) ra - Anh kim - Lu : Kim loi c khi lnng ring nh nht l Li, ln nht l Os Kim loi c nhit nng chy thp nht l Hg, cao nht l W Kim loi mm nht l K, Rb, Cs; cng nht l Cr 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc chung cua kim loai Tnh kh: M - ne Mn+ a. Tac dung vi phi kim (O2, Cl2): Au, Ag, Pt khng tc dng vi Oxi 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 b. Tac dung vi axit b1. Vi HCl hoac H2SO4 loang Muoi + H2 M + HCl (Trc H2) H2SO4 loang b2. Vi HNO3 hoac H2SO4 ac: * Vi HNO3 ac: M + HNO3 ac M(NO3)n + NO2 + H2O (Tr Au, Pt) (nu ) * Vi HNO3 loang: NO

M + HNO3 loang M(NO3)n + N2O + H2O (Tr Au, Pt) N2 NH4NO3 * Vi H2SO4 ac: M + H2SO4 ac M2(SO4)n + SO2 + H2O (Tr Au, Pt) S H2S Lu y: n: ha tr cao nht Al, Fe, Cr khong tac dung vi HNO3 ac nguoi, H2SO4 ac nguoi c. Tac dung vi dd muoi: Kim loai ng trc(X) ay kim loai ng sau(Y) ra khoi dd muoi ieu kien: Kim loai X khong tac dung vi nc nhiet o thng Kim loai X co tnh kh manh hn kim loai Y V d: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu d. Tac dung vi H2O: M + nH2O M(OH)n + n/2H2 Ch co kim loai kiem va mt s kim loai kiem tho (Ca, Sr, Ba) tac dung vi H2O 3. Day ien hoa cua kim loai Tnh oxi hoa cua ion kim loai tang K+ Ca2+ Na+ Mg2+ Al3+ Zn2+ Fe2+ Ni2+ Sn2+ Pb2+ H+ Cu2+ Fe3+ Hg2+ Ag+ Pt2+ Au3+ K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H2 Cu Fe2+ Hg Ag Pt Au Tnh kh cua kim loai giam Quy tac : Chat oxi hoa yeu

Chat oxi hoa manh

Chat kh manh

Chat kh yeu

II. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Kim loi no sau y c tnh dn in tt nht trong tt c cc kim loi? A. Vng. B. Bc. C. ng. D. Nhm. Cu 2: Kim loi no sau y do nht trong tt c cc kim loi? A. Vng. B. Bc. C. ng. D. Nhm. Cu 3: Kim loi no sau y c cng ln nht trong tt c cc kim loi? A. Vonfam. B. Crom C. St D. ng Cu 4: Kim loi no sau y l kim loi mm nht trong tt c cc kim loi ?

A. Liti. B. Xesi. C. Natri. D. Kali. Cu 5: Kim loi no sau y c nhit nng chy cao nht trong tt c cc kim loi? A. Vonfam. B. St. C. ng. D. Km. Cu 6: Kim loi no sau y nh nht ( c khi lng ring nh nht ) trong tt c cc kim loi ? A. Natri B. Liti C. Kali D. Rubidi Cu 7: Tnh cht ha hc c trng ca kim loi l A. tnh baz. B. tnh oxi ha. C. tnh axit. D. tnh kh. Cu 8: Hai kim loi u phn ng vi dung dch Cu(NO3)2 gii phng kim loi Cu l A. Al v Fe. B. Fe v Au. C. Al v Ag. D. Fe v Ag. Cu 8: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng l A. Fe + Cu(NO3)2. B. Cu + AgNO3. C. Zn + Fe(NO3)2. D. Ag + Cu(NO3)2. Cu 10: Hai kim loi Al v Cu u phn ng c vi dung dch A. NaCl long. B. H2SO4 long. C. HNO3 long. D. NaOH long Cu 11: Kim loi Cu phn ng c vi dung dch A. FeSO4. B. AgNO3. C. KNO3. D. HCl. Cu 12: Dung dch FeSO4 v dung dch CuSO4 u tc dng c vi A. Ag. B. Fe. C. Cu. D. Zn. Cu 13: ho tan hon ton hn hp gm hai kim loi Cu v Zn, ta c th dng mt lng d dung dch A. HCl. B. AlCl3. C. AgNO3. D. CuSO4. Cu 14: Hai dung dch u tc dng c vi Fe l A. CuSO4 v HCl. B. CuSO4 v ZnCl2. C. HCl v CaCl2. D. MgCl2 v FeCl3. Cu 15: Cho cc kim loi: Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn; s kim loi tc dng vi dung dch Pb(NO3)2 l A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 16: Dung dch mui no sau y tc dng c vi c Ni v Pb? A. Pb(NO3)2. B. Cu(NO3)2. C. Fe(NO3)2. D. Ni(NO3)2 Cu 17: Tt c cc kim loi Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag u tc dng c vi dung dch A. HCl. B. H2SO4 long. C. HNO3 long. D. KOH. Cu 18: Cho cc kim loi: Na, Mg, Fe, Al; kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht l A. Al. B. Na. C. Mg. D. Fe. Cu 19: Cho phn ng: aAl + bHNO3 cAl(NO3)3 + dNO + eH2O. H s a, b, c, d, e l cc s nguyn, ti gin. Tng (a + b) bng A. 5. B. 4. C. 7. D. 6. Cu 20: Dy no sau y ch gm cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3 ? A. Zn, Cu, Mg B. Al, Fe, CuO C. Fe, Ni, Sn D. Hg, Na, Ca Cu 21: Cho phn ng ha hc: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu. Trong phn ng trn xy ra A. s kh Fe2+ v s oxi ha Cu. B. s kh Fe2+ v s kh Cu2+. C. s oxi ha Fe v s oxi ha Cu. D. s oxi ha Fe v s kh Cu2+. Cu 22: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l A. Cu + dung dch FeCl3. B. Fe + dung dch HCl.

C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3. D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2. Cu 23: Cho kim loi M tc dng vi Cl2 c mui X; cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch HCl c mui Y. Nu cho kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch mui X ta cng c mui Y. Kim loi M c th l A. Mg B. Al C. Zn D. Fe 2+ Cu 24: kh ion Cu trong dung dch CuSO4 c th dng kim loi A. K B. Na C. Ba D. Fe 3+ 2+ Cu 25: kh ion Fe trong dung dch thnh ion Fe c th dng mt lng d A. Kim loi Mg B. Kim loi Ba C. Kim loi Cu D. Kim loi Ag Cu 26: Th t mt s cp oxi ha - kh trong dy in ha nh sau : Fe2+/Fe; Cu2+/Cu; Fe3+/Fe2+. Cp cht khng phn ng vi nhau l A. Cu v dung dch FeCl3 B. Fe v dung dch CuCl2 C. Fe v dung dch FeCl3 D. dung dch FeCl2 v dung dch CuCl2 Cu 27: X l kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 long, Y l kim loi tc dng c vi dung dch Fe(NO3)3. Hai kim loi X, Y ln lt l (bit th t trong dy th in ho: Fe3+/Fe2+ ng trc Ag+/Ag) A. Fe, Cu. B. Cu, Fe. C. Ag, Mg. D. Mg, Ag. Cu 28: Dy gm cc kim loi c xp theo th t tnh kh tng dn t tri sang phi l A. Mg, Fe, Al. B. Fe, Mg, Al. C. Fe, Al, Mg. D. Al, Mg, Fe. Cu 29: Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng to ra dung dch c mi trng kim l A. Na, Ba, K. B. Be, Na, Ca. C. Na, Fe, K. D. Na, Cr, K. Cu 30: Trong dung dch CuSO4, ion Cu2+ khng b kh bi kim loi A. Fe. B. Ag. C. Mg. D. Zn. Cu 31: Cho dy cc kim loi: Fe, Na, K, Ca. S kim loi trong dy tc dng c vi nc nhit thng l A. 4. B. 1. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 32: Kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch H2SO4 long l A. Ag. B. Au. C. Cu. D. Al. Cu 33: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Ag, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch HCl l A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 34: ng (Cu) tc dng c vi dung dch A. H2SO4 c, nng. B. H2SO4 long. C. FeSO4. D. HCl. Cu 35: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch HCl l A. 3. B. 1. C. 4. D. 2. Cu 36: Cho dy cc kim loi: K, Mg, Na, Al. Kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht trong dy l A. Na. B. Mg. C. Al. D. K. III. MT S DNG BI TP DNG 1: KIM LOI TC DNG VI PHI KIM Cu 1. Bao nhiu gam clo tc dng va kim loi nhm to ra 26,7 gam AlCl3? A. 21,3 gam B. 12,3 gam. C. 13,2 gam. D. 23,1 gam. Cu 2: t chy bt Al trong bnh kh clo d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton khi lng cht rn trong bnh tng 4,26 gam. Khi lng Al phn ng l A. 1,08 gam. B. 2,16 gam. C. 1,62 gam. D. 3,24 gam.

Cu 3. Bao nhiu gam Cu tc dng va vi clo to ra 27 gam CuCl2? A. 12,4 gam B. 12,8 gam. C. 6,4 gam. D. 25,6 gam. Cu 4. Cho m gam 3 kim loi Fe, Al, Cu vo mt bnh kn cha 0,9 mol oxi. Nung nng bnh 1 thi gian cho n khi s mol O2 trong bnh ch cn 0,865 mol v cht rn trong bnh c khi lng 2,12 gam. Gi tr m dng l: A. 1,2 gam. B. 0,2 gam. C. 0,1 gam. D. 1,0 gam. Cu 5: t 1 lng nhm(Al) trong 6,72 lt O2. Cht rn thu c sau phn ng cho ho tan hon ton vo dung dch HCl thy bay ra 6,72 lt H2 (cc th tch kh o kc). Khi lng nhm dng l A. 8,1gam. B. 16,2gam. C. 18,4gam. D. 24,3gam. DNG 2: KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH AXIT 1. Tnh khi lng mui clorua to thnh V d: Ha tan hon ton 20 gam hn hp Mg v Fe vo dung dch axit HCl d thy c 11,2 lt kh thot ra (ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X th khi lng mui khan thu c l A. 35,5 g B. 45,5 g C. 55,5 gam D. 65,5 g Hng dn gii Cch 1: 11 ,2 nH2 = = 0,5 (mol) nHCl = 2nH2 = 0,5.2 = 1 mol 22,4 p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng, mkim loi + mHCl = mmui + mHiro mmui = mkim loi + mHCl mHiro = 20 + 1.36,5 2.0,5 = 55,5 g Cch 2: mmui = mkim loi + mCl = 20 + 1.35,5 = 55,5 g Khi lng mui clorua c th tnh theo cng thc: mmui clorua = mkim loi + 71 nH 2 Cu 6: Cho 20 gam hn hp bt Mg v Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c 1 gam kh H 2 bay ra. Lng mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l bao nhiu gam ? A. 40,5g. B. 45,5g. C. 55,5g. D. 60,5g. Cu 7: Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al trong dung dch HCl d thy to ra 8,96 lt kh H2 (kc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 18,1 gam. B. 36,2 gam. C. 54,3 gam. D. 63,2 gam. Bi 8: Ha tan hon ton 20 gam hn hp Mg v Fe vo dung dch axit HCl d thy c 11,2 lt kh thot ra (ktc) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X th khi lng mui khan thu c l A. 35,5 g B. 45,5 g C. 55,5 gam D. 65,5 g 2. Tnh khi lng mui sunfat to thnh V d: Cho 0,52 gam hn hp 2 kim loi Mg v Fe tan hon ton trong dung dch H 2SO4 long, d thy c 0,336 lt kh thot ra (ktc). Khi lng hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c l A. 2 gam B. 2,4 gam C. 3,92 gamD. 1,96 gam Hng dn gii Ta c mui thu c gm MgSO4 v Al2(SO4)3. Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng:

0,336 = 0,015(m ol) . Trong : n 2 = nH = mmui = mkim loi + mSO2 SO4 2 4 22,4 mmui = 0,52 + 0,015.96 = 1,96 gam p n D. Khi lng mui clorua c th tnh theo cng thc: mmui su nfat = mkim loi + 96 nH 2 Cu 9: Cho 11,9 gam hn hp gm Zn, Al tan hon ton trong dung dch H2SO4 long d thy c 8,96 lit kh (kc) thot ra. Khi lng hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c l: A. 44,9 gam. B. 74,1 gam. C. 50,3 gam. D. 24,7 gam. Cu 10: Cho 0,52g hn hp 2 kim loi Mg v Fe tan hon ton trong dd H 2SO4 d thy c 0,336 lit kh thot ra (kc). Khi lng hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c l A. 2g B. 2,4g C. 3,92g D. 1,96g Cu 11: Ha tan 6,5 gam Zn trong dung dch axit HCl d, sau phn ng c cn dung dch th s gam mui khan thu c l (Cho H = 1, Zn = 65, Cl = 35,5) A. 20,7 gam. B. 13,6 gam. C. 14,96 gam. D. 27,2 gam. 3. Tnh khi lng mui nitrat to thnh Khi lng mui nitrat tnh theo cng thc: mmuo i + mNO i nitrat = mkim loa
3

Trong : s mol NO3 = s mol e m NO3 nhn C th:

+ To NO: N O3 +3e N O, + To NO2: N O3 +1e N O 2 , + To N2O: 2N O3 +8e N 2O , + To N2: 2N O3 +10e N 2 , +5 0 +5 +1 +5 +4 +5 +2

n NO- =3n NO
3

n NO- =n NO2
3

n NO- =8n N2O

3

n NO- =10n N2
3

Cu 11: Cho 2,06 gam hn hp gm Fe, Al, Cu tc dng vi dd HNO3 long d thu c 0,896 lt kh NO (ktc). Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht. Lng mui nitrat sinh ra l: A. 9,5 gam B. 4,54 gam C. 7,44 gam D. 7,02 gam Cu 12: Cho 1,86 gam hn hp Al v Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c 560 ml lt kh N2O (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) bay ra. Khi lng mui nitrat to ra trong dung dch l: A. 40,5 gam. B. 14,62 gam. C. 24,16 gam. D. 14,26 gam. 4. Th tch kh sinh ra khi lng kim loi ban u Cu 13: Cho 4,05 gam Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 thu V lt N2O (kc) duy nht. Gi tr V l A. 2,52 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 4,48 lt. D. 1,26 lt. Cu 14: Ho tan m gam Fe trong dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l (Cho Fe = 56, H = 1, Cl = 35,5) A. 2,8. B. 1,4. C. 5,6. D. 11,2.

Cu 15: Ho tan 6,4 gam Cu bng axit H2SO4 c, nng (d), sinh ra V lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 4,48. B. 6,72. C. 3,36. D. 2,24. Cu 16: Ha tan m gam Al bng dung dch HCl d thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr m l: A. 4,05 B. 2,7 C. 1,35D. 5,4 Cu 17: Ha tan 5,4 gam Al bng dung dch H2SO4 d thu c dd X v V lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr V l: A. 4,46 lt B. 3,36 lt C. 2,24 lt D. 6,72 lt Cu 18: Ha tan 2,24 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO3 long d thu c V lt kh NO (ktc). Gi tr V l: A. 4,48 lt B. 2,24 lt C. 8,96 lt D. 3,36 lt 5. Bi ton hn hp kim loi tc dng vi axit Cu 19: Cho 10 gam hn hp cc kim loi Mg v Cu tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl long d thu c 3,733 lit H2(kc). Thnh phn % ca Mg trong hn hp l: A. 50%. B. 35%. C. 20%. D. 40%. Cu 20: Mt hn hp gm 13 gam km v 5,6 gam st tc dng vi dung dch axit sunfuric long d. Th tch kh hidro (ktc) c gii phng sau phn ng l. A. 2,24 lit. B. 4,48 lit. C. 6,72 lit. D. 67,2 lit. Cu 21: Hn hp X gm Fe v Cu, trong Cu chim 43,24% khi lng. Cho 14,8 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c V lt kh (ktc) bay ra. Gi tr ca V l A. 1,12 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 4,48 lt. Cu 22: Ho tan hon ton 1,5 gam hn hp bt Al v Mg vo dung dch HCl thu c 1,68 lt H2 (kc). Phn % khi lng ca Al trong hn hp l A. 60%. B. 40%. C. 30%. D. 80%. Cu 23: Ho tan m gam Al bng dung dch HCl (d), thu c 3,36 lt H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 4,05. B. 2,70. C. 5,40. D. 1,35. Cu 24: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO3 long (d), sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 6,72. B. 4,48. C. 2,24. D. 3,36. Cu 25: Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d). Sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh hiro ( ktc), dung dch X v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l (Cho H = 1, Fe = 56, Cu = 64) A. 6,4 gam. B. 3,4 gam. C. 5,6 gam. D. 4,4 gam. Cu 26: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Al, Cu vo dung dch HCl (d), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 3,36 lt kh ( ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp X trn vo mt lng d axit nitric (c, ngui), sau khi kt thc phn ng sinh ra 6,72 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 15,6. B. 10,5. C. 11,5. D. 12,3. Cu 27: Ho tan 6 gam hp kim Cu, Fe v Al trong axit HCl d thy thot ra 3,024 lt kh (kc) v 1,86 gam cht rn khng tan. Thnh phn phn % ca hp kim l A. 40% Fe, 28% Al 32% Cu. B. 41% Fe, 29% Al, 30% Cu. C. 42% Fe, 27% Al, 31% Cu. D. 43% Fe, 26% Al, 31% Cu. Cu 28: Cho m gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d ta thu c 8,96 lit(kc) hn hp kh X gm 2 kh NO v NO2 c t khi hi hn hp X so vi oxi bng 1,3125. Gi tr ca m l A. 0,56 gam. B. 1,12 gam. C. 11,2 gam. D. 5,6 gam. Cu 29: Cho 60 gam hn hp Cu v CuO tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long d thu c 13,44 lit kh NO (kc, sn phm kh duy nht). Phn % v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp l: A. 69%. B. 96%. C. 44% D. 56%.

Cu 30: Cho 2,8 gam hn hp bt kim loi bc v ng tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 c, d th thu c 0,896 lt kh NO2 duy nht ( ktc). Thnh phn phn trm ca bc v ng trong hn hp ln lt l: A. 73% ; 27%. B. 77,14% ; 22,86% C. 50%; 50%. D. 44% ; 56% Cu 31: Cho 8,3 gam hn hp Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c 45,5 gam mui nitrat khan. Th tch kh NO (ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) thot ra l: A. 4,48 lt. B. 6,72 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 3,36 lt. Cu 32: Cho 5 gam hn hp bt Cu v Al vo dung dch HCl d thu 3,36 lt H2 ktc. Phn trm Al theo khi lng hn hp u l A. 27%. B. 51%. C. 64%. D. 54%. Cu 33: Ho tan hon ton 1,23 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO 3 c, nng thu c 1,344 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Phn trm v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp X l A. 21,95%. B. 78,05%. C. 68,05%. D. 29,15%. Cu 34: Cho a gam bt Al tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 long thu c dung dch A ch cha mt mui duy nht v 0,1792 lt (ktc) hn hp kh NO, N2 c t khi hi so H2 l 14,25. Tnh a ? A. 0,459 gam. B. 0,594 gam. C. 5,94 gam. D. 0,954 gam. Cu 35: Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al trong dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng thy khi lng dung dch tng thm 7 gam. Khi lng ca Al c trong hn hp ban u l A. 2,7 gam. B. 5,4 gam. C. 4,5 gam. D. 2,4 gam. Cu 36: Cho hn hp A gm Cu v Mg vo dung dch HCl d thu c 5,6 lt kh (kc) khng mu v mt cht rn khng tan B. Dng dung dch H2SO4 c, nng ho tan cht rn B thu c 2,24 lt kh SO2 (kc). Khi lng hn hp A ban u l: A. 6,4 gam. B. 12,4 gam. C. 6,0 gam. D. 8,0 gam. Cu 37: Ho tan hon ton 1,5 gam hn hp bt Al v Mg vo dung dch HCl thu c 1,68 lt H2 (kc). Phn % khi lng ca Al trong hn hp l A. 60%. B. 40%. C. 30%. D. 80%. DNG 3: KIM LOI TC DNG VI DUNG DCH MUI Cu 38: Ho tan 58 gam CuSO4. 5H2O vo nc c 500ml dung dch CuSO4. Cho dn dn mt st vo 50 ml dung dch trn, khuy nh cho ti khi dung dch ht mu xanh th lng mt st dng l: A. 0,65g. B. 1,2992g. C. 1,36g. D. 12,99g. Cu 39: Ngm mt inh st sch trong 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 sau khi phn ng kt thc, ly inh st ra khi dung dch ra nh lm kh nhn thy khi lng inh st tng thm 0,8 gam. Nng mol/lt ca dung dch CuSO4 dng l: A. 0,25M. B. 0,4M. C. 0,3M. D. 0,5M. Cu 40: Ngm mt l km vo dung dch c ho tan 8,32 gam CdSO4. Phn ng xong ly l km ra khi dung dch, ra nh, lm kh th thy khi lng l km tng thm 2,35% so vi khi lng l km trc phn ng. Khi lng l km trc phn ng l: A. 80gam B. 60gam C. 20gam D. 40gam Cu 41: Nhng mt inh st c khi lng 8 gam vo 500ml dung dch CuSO4 2M. Sau mt thi gian ly inh st ra cn li thy nng 8,8 gam. Nng mol/l ca CuSO4 trong dung dch sau phn ng l: A. 0,27M B. 1,36M C. 1,8M D. 2,3M Cu 42: Ngm l km trong dung dch cha 0,1 mol CuSO4. Phn ng xong thy khi lng l km: A. tng 0,1 gam. B. tng 0,01 gam. C. gim 0,1 gam. D. khng thay i. Cu 43: Ho tan hon ton 28 gam bt Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d th khi lng cht rn thu c l

A. 108 gam. B. 162 gam. C. 216 gam. D. 154 gam. Cu 44: Nhng 1 thanh nhm nng 50 gam vo 400ml dung dch CuSO 4 0,5M. Sau mt thi gian ly thanh nhm ra cn nng 51,38 gam. Hi khi lng Cu thot ra l bao nhiu? A. 0,64gam. B. 1,28gam. C. 1,92gam. D. 2,56gam Cu 45: Ngm mt l Fe trong dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi gian phn ng ly l Fe ra ra nh lm kh, em cn thy khi lng tng thm 1,6 gam. Khi lng Cu bm trn l Fe l bao nhiu gam? A. 12,8 gam. B. 8,2 gam. C. 6,4 gam. D. 9,6 gam. Cu 46: Ngm mt l km trong 100 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,1M. Khi phn ng kt thc, khi lng l km tng thm A. 0,65 gam. B. 1,51 gam. C. 0,755 gam. D. 1,3 gam. HP KIM - S N MN KIM LOI I. L THUYT 1. Hp kim : La chat ran thu c sau khi nung nong chay mot hon hp nhieu kim loai khac nhau hoac hon hp kim loai va phi kim ng thau( Cu-Zn), ng thic (Cu-Zn-Sn), inox (Fe, Cr, Mn), vng ty ( Ag, Cu) 2. n mon kim loai: La s pha huy kim loai hoc hp kim do tac dung cua moi trng xung quanh An mon hoa hoc n mon ien hoa - La qu trnh oxi ha- - La qu trnh oxi ha kh trong kh trong e kim loi b n mn do tc - ca kim loi c dng ca dd cht in li to nn chuyn trc tip dng dng in chuyn di t cc m n cc dng - vo mi trng + Khong phat sinh - ieu kien: + Cac ien cc phai khac dong ien nhau: KL KL, + Nhit cang cao KL PK, KL Fe3C N th toc o an mo (Kloai co tnh kh n cang nhanh manh cc am va b an mon) + Cac ien cc phai tiep xuc vi nhau (trc tiep hoac gian tiep) + Cac ien cc cung tiep xuc vi dd ien li La qua trnh oxi hoa kh

* C che an mon ien hoa: + Cc am(-): la qua trnh oxi hoa kim loai: M - ne Mn+ + Cc dng(+): Neu dd ien li la axit: 2H+ + 2e H2 Neu moi trng khong kh am: 2H2O + O2 + 4e 4OHII. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Bit rng ion Pb2+ trong dung dch oxi ha c Sn. Khi nhng hai thanh kim loi Pb v Sn c ni vi nhau bng dy dn in vo mt dung dch cht in li th A. c Pb v Sn u b n mn in ho. B. c Pb v Sn u khng b n mn in ho. C. ch c Pb b n mn in ho. D. ch c Sn b n mn in ho. Cu 2: Cho cc cp kim loi nguyn cht tip xc trc tip vi nhau : Fe v Pb; Fe v Zn; Fe v Sn; Fe v Ni. Khi nhng cc cp kim loi trn vo dung dch axit, s cp kim loi trong Fe b ph hy trc l A. 4 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 Cu 3: Khi lu trong khng kh m mt vt bng st ty (st trng thic) b sy st su ti lp st bn trong, s xy ra qu trnh: A. Sn b n mn in ha. B. Fe b n mn in ha. C. Fe b n mn ha hc. D. Sn b n mn ha hc. Cu 4: e bao ve vo tau bien bang thep bang phng phap ien hoa ngi ta dung kim loai nao? A. Cu B. Pb C. Zn D. Sn Cu 5: C 4 dung dch ring bit: a) HCl, b) CuCl2, c) FeCl3, d) HCl c ln CuCl2. Nhng vo mi dung dch mt thanh Fe nguyn cht. S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l A. 0. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3. Cu 6: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn-Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l: A. I, II v III. B. I, II v IV. C. I, III v IV. D. II, III v IV. Cu 7: Trong hp kim Al Ni, c 10 mol Al th c 1 mol Ni. Thnh phn % v khi lng ca hp kim ny: A. 81% Al v 19% Ni B. 82% Al v 18% Ni C. 83% Al v 17% Ni D. 84% Al v 16% Ni Cu 8: Dung dch FeSO4 co lan CuSO4. e loai bo CuSO4 co the ngam vao dung dch tren kim loai nao sau ay? A. Fe B. Al C. Zn D. Pb Cu 9: Khi vat lam bang sat trang kem (Fe Zn) b an mon ien hoa trong khong kh am, qua trnh xay ra ien cc am (anot) la: A. kh Zn B. kh H+ cua moi trng C. oxi hoa Fe D. oxi hoa Zn Cu 10: e lam sach kim loai thuy ngan co lan tap chat la: Zn, Sn, Pb, th can khuay kim loai thuy ngan nay trong dung dch nao di ay?

* Cach chong an mon kim loai: - Cach li kloai vi moi trng Ba - Dung hp kim n chong g ch - Dung chat at chong an mon - Dung pp ien hoa

A. Zn(NO3)2 B. Sn(NO3)2 C. Pb(NO3)2 D. Hg(NO3)2 Cu 11: Nung mot mau thep (Fe C) co khoi lng 10g trong khong kh O2 d thay sinh ra 0,1568 lt CO2 ktc. Phan tram khoi lng cacbon trong mau thep la: A. 0,64% B. 0,74% C. 0,84% D. 0,48% Cu 12: Trong qua trnh an mon ien hoa, s oxi hoa A. ch xay ra cc am B. ch xay ra cc dng C. xay ra cc am va cc dng D. khong xay ra cc am va cc dng IU CH KIM LOI I. L THUYT a. Nguyen tac: Kh ion kim loai trong hp chat thanh kim loai t do Mn+ + ne M b. Phng phap: + Phng phap thuy luyen: iu ch kim loi hot ng trung bnh v yu (Zn Au) Dung kloai manh ay kloai yeu ra khoi dd muoi Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu + Phng phap nhiet luyen: iu ch kim loi hot ng trung bnh (Zn Cu) Dung chat kh H2, CO, C hoac Al e kh ion kim loai trong oxit nhiet o cao CuO + H2 Cu + H2O + Phng phap ien phan: * ien phan nong chay: (ieu che kim loai manh LiAl) Ion dng di chuyn v cc m (Catot) nhn e (qu trnh kh) Ion m di chuyn v cc dng (Anot) nhng e (qu trnh oxi ha) V d: in phn nng chy NaCl Catot(-) NaCl Anot (+) + Na ClNa+ + 1e Na 2Cl- - 2e Cl2 Ptp: 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2 * ien phan dung dch: (ieu che kim loai sau Al) + Th t u tin catot (-): u tin 1: Mn+ + ne M (nu sau M sau Al) u tin 2: 2H2O + 2e H2 + 2OH+ Th t u tin anot (+): I- > Br- > Cl- > OH- > H2O > NO3-, SO4 (Khong nhng e) 2X - 2e X2 4OH- - 4e O2 + 2H2O

2H2O - 4e O2 + 4H+ Lu : Mt s cch iu ch cc kim loi tng ng Kim loi IA: pnc mui clorua hoc hidroxit Kim loi IIA: pnc mui clorua Nhm (Al): pnc Al2O3 Kim loi sau Al: C th s dng 3 phng php nhit luyn, thy luyn, in phn nng chy c. Cong thc Faraday: Vi: A: nguyen t khoi I: cng o dong ien (A) t: thi gian (s) n: so e trao oi

AIt m = nF
F = 96500 ( hang so Faraday)

m: khi lng kim loi gii phng II. MT S CU HI TRC NGHIM A. TRC NGHIM L THUYT Cu 1: Khi iu ch kim loi, cc ion kim loi ng vai tr l cht A. b kh. B. nhn proton. C. b oxi ho. D. cho proton. Cu 2: loi b kim loi Cu ra khi hn hp bt gm Ag v Cu, ngi ta ngm hn hp kim loi trn vo lng d dung dch A. AgNO3. B. HNO3. C. Cu(NO3)2. D. Fe(NO3)2. Cu 3: Cht khng kh c st oxit ( nhit cao) l A. Cu. B. Al. C. CO. D. H2. Cu 4: Hai kim loi c th iu ch bng phng php nhit luyn l A. Ca v Fe. B. Mg v Zn. C. Na v Cu. D. Fe v Cu. Cu 5: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Ca t CaCl2 l A. nhit phn CaCl2. B. in phn CaCl2 nng chy. C. dng Na kh Ca2+ trong dung dch CaCl2. D. in phn dung dch CaCl2. Cu 6: Oxit d b H2 kh nhit cao to thnh kim loi l A. Na2O. B. CaO. C. CuO. D. K2O. Cu 7: Phng trnh ho hc no sau y th hin cch iu ch Cu theo phng php thu luyn ? A. Zn + CuSO4 Cu + ZnSO4 B. H2 + CuO Cu + H2O C. CuCl2 Cu + Cl2 D. 2CuSO4 + 2H2O 2Cu + 2H2SO4 + O2 Cu 8: Phng trnh ha hc no sau y biu din cch iu ch Ag t AgNO3 theo phng php thu luyn A. 2AgNO3 + Zn 2Ag + Zn(NO3)2 B. 2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2 C. 4AgNO3 + 2H2O 4Ag + 4HNO3 + O2 D. Ag2O + CO 2Ag + CO2. Cu 9: Trong phng php thu luyn, iu ch Cu t dung dch CuSO4 c th dng kim loi no lm cht kh? A. K. C. Zn. D. Ag.

B. Ca.

Cu 10: Cho kh CO d i qua hn hp gm CuO, Al2O3, MgO (nung nng). Khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cht rn gm A. Cu, Al, Mg. B. Cu, Al, MgO. C. Cu, Al2O3, Mg. D. Cu, Al2O3, MgO. Cu 11: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit cao. Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn li l: A. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. B. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg. C. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO. D. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO. Cu 12: Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l A. Al v Mg. B. Na v Fe. C. Cu v Ag. D. Mg v Zn. Cu 13: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l A. Cu + dung dch FeCl3. B. Fe + dung dch HCl. C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3. D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2. Cu 14: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca chng l: A. Ba, Ag, Au. B. Fe, Cu, Ag. C. Al, Fe, Cr. D. Mg, Zn, Cu. Cu 15: Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l A. Al v Mg. B. Na v Fe. C. Cu v Ag. D. Mg v Zn. Cu 16: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra A. s kh ion Cl-. B. s oxi ho ion Cl-. C. s oxi ho ion Na+. D. s kh ion Na+. Cu 17: Oxit d b H2 kh nhit cao to thnh kim loi l A. Na2O. B. CaO. C. CuO. D. K2O. Cu 18: Trong cng nghip, kim loi c iu ch bng phng php in phn hp cht nng chy ca kim loi l A. Na. B. Ag. C. Fe. D. Cu. Cu 19: Phng php thch hp iu ch kim loi Mg t MgCl2 l A. in phn dung dch MgCl2. B. in phn MgCl2 nng chy. C. nhit phn MgCl2. D. dng K kh Mg2+ trong dung dch MgCl2. B. NHIT LUYN Cu 1: Dn t t V lt kh CO ( ktc) i qua mt ng s ng lng d hn hp rn gm CuO, Fe2O3 ( nhit cao). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c kh X. Dn ton b kh X trn vo lng d dung dch Ca(OH)2 th to thnh 4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l A. 1,120. B. 0,896. C. 0,448. D. 0,224. Cu 2: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 thy c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) thot ra. Th tch CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l A. 1,12 lt. B. 2,24 lt. C. 3,36 lt. D. 4,48 lt. Cu 3: Thi mt lung kh CO i qua ng s ng m gam hn hp Fe 3O4 v CuO nung nng thu c 2,32 gam hn hp rn. Ton b kh thot ra cho hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 5 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 3,22 gam. B. 3,12 gam. C. 4,0 gam. D. 4,2 gam. Cu 4: kh hon ton 30 gam hn hp CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MgO cn dng 5,6 lt kh CO ( ktc). Khi lng cht rn sau phn ng l A. 28 gam. B. 26 gam. C. 22 gam. D. 24 gam. Cu 5: Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 cn 2,24 lt CO ( ktc). Khi lng st thu c l A. 5,6 gam. B. 6,72 gam. C. 16,0 gam. D. 8,0 gam. Cu 6: Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al 2O3 nung nng n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l A. 0,8 gam. B. 8,3 gam. C. 2,0 gam.D. 4,0 gam.

Cu 7. Cho dng kh CO d i qua hn hp (X) cha 31,9 gam gm Al 2O3, ZnO, FeO v CaO th thu c 28,7 gam hn hp cht rn (Y). Cho ton b hn hp cht rn (Y) tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c V lt H2 (kc). Gi tr V l A. 5,60 lt. B. 4,48 lt. C. 6,72 lt. D. 2,24 lt. Cu 8. kh hon ton 45 gam hn hp gm CuO, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe v MgO cn dng va 8,4 lt CO (ktc). Khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng l: A. 39g B. 38g C. 24g D. 42g C. IN PHN Cu 1. Khi cho dng in mt chiu I=2A qua dung dch CuCl2 trong 10 pht. Khi lng ng thot ra catod l A. 40 gam. B. 0,4 gam. C. 0,2 gam. D. 4 gam. Cu 2. in phn dng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat kim loi ho tr 2 vi cng dng in 3A. Sau 1930 giy thy khi lng catot tng 1,92 gam. Mui sunfat in phn l A. CuSO4. B. NiSO4. C. MgSO4. D. ZnSO4. Cu 3. in phn hon ton 1 lt dung dch AgNO3 vi 2 in cc tr thu c mt dung dch c pH= 2. Xem th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k th lng Ag bm catod l: A. 0,54 gam. B. 0,108 gam. C. 1,08 gam. D. 0,216 gam. Cu 4: in phn dung dch AgNO3 (in cc tr) trong thi gian 15 pht, thu c 0,432 gam Ag catot. Sau lm kt ta ht ion Ag+ cn li trong dung dch sau in phn cn dng 25 ml dung dch NaCl 0,4M. Cng dng in v khi lng AgNO3 ban u l (Ag=108) A. 0,429 A v 2,38 gam. B. 0,492 A v 3,28 gam. C. 0,429 A v 3,82 gam. D. 0,249 A v 2,38 gam. Cu 7: in phn 200 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,4M (in cc tr) trong thi gian 4 gi, cng dng in l 0,402A. Nng mol/l cc cht c trong dung dch sau in phn l A. AgNO3 0,15M v HNO3 0,3M. B. AgNO3 0,1M v HNO3 0,3M. C. AgNO3 0,1M D. HNO3 0,3M Cu 8: in phn bng in cc tr dung dch mui sunfat ca kim loi ho tr II vi dng in c cng 6A. Sau 29 pht in phn thy khi lng catot tng ln 3,45 gam. Kim loi l: A. Zn. B. Cu. C. Ni. D. Sn. Cu 9: in phn 400 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,2M vi cng dng in 10A trong 1 thi gian thu c 0,224 lt kh (kc) anot. Bit in cc dng l in cc tr v hiu sut in phn l 100%. Khi lng catot tng l A. 1,28 gam. B. 0,32 gam. C. 0,64 gam. D. 3,2 gam. Cu 10. Khi in phn mui clorua kim loi nng chy, ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc) anot v 3,12 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc mui clorua in phn l A. NaCl. B. CaCl2. C. KCl. D. MgCl2. KIM LOI KIM V HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM I. NI DUNG L THUYT I.1. Kim loi kim: 1. V tr trong bng tun hon, cu hnh electron: - Kim loi kim gm: Liti (Li) , Natri (Na) , Kali (K) , Rubii (Rb) , Xesi (Cs) , Franxi (Fr). Thuc nhm IA - Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng: ns1 . C 1e lp ngoi cng V d:

Li (Z=3) 1s22s1 hay [He]2s1 Na (Z=11) 1s22s22p63s1 hay [Ne]3s1 K (Z=19) 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 hay [Ar]4s1 2. Tnh cht ha hc: C tnh kh mnh: R R+ + e a. Tc dng vi phi kim: Th d: 4Na + O2 2Na2O 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl b. Tc dng vi axit (HCl , H2SO4 long): to mui v H2 2R + 2HCl 2RCl + H2 R + H2SO4 RSO4 + H2 Th d: 2Na + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2 c. Tc dng vi nc: to dung dch kim v H2 2R + 2H2O 2ROH + H2 Th d: 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2 3. iu ch: a. Nguyn tc: kh ion kim loi kim thnh nguyn t kim loi. b. Phng php: in phn nng chy mui halogen hoc hidroxit ca chng. 2R + Cl2 2RCl pnc 4R + 2H2O + O2 4ROH pnc Th d: iu ch Na bng cch in phn nng chy NaCl v NaOH 2Na + Cl2 PTP: 2NaCl pnc 4Na + 2H2O + O2 4NaOH pnc I.2. Mt s hp cht quan trng ca kim loi kim: 1. Natri hidroxit NaOH a. Tc dng vi axit: to v nc Th d: NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O b. Tc dng vi oxit axit: CO2 + 2 NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O (1) CO2 + NaOH NaHCO3 (2) nNaOH Lp t l : T = nCO2 * T 1: NaHCO3 * 1T 2 : NaHCO3 & Na2CO3 * T 2 : Na2CO3 c. Tc dng vi dung dch mui: Th d: 2NaOH + CuSO4 Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2 2. Natri hidrocacbonat NaHCO3 a. Phn ng phn hy: Th d: 2NaHCO3 t Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
o

b. Tnh lng tnh: + Tc dng vi axit: NaHCO3 + HCl NaCl + CO2 + H2O + Tc dng vi dung dch baz: NaHCO3 + NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O 3. Natri cacbonat Na2CO3 a. Tc dng vi dung dch axit mnh: Th d: Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O b. Mui cacbonat ca kim loi kim trong nc cho mi trng kim CO32 + H 2O HCO3 + OH 4. Kali nitrat: KNO3 Tnh cht: c phn ng nhit phn 2KNO3 2KNO2 + O2 II. TRC NGHIM L THUYT Cu 1: S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IA l A. 3. B. 2. C. 4. D. 1. Cu 2: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc nhm IA l A. R2O3. B. RO2. C. R2O. D. RO. Cu 3: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Na (Z =11) l A. 1s22s2 2p6 3s2. B. 1s22s2 2p6. C. 1s22s2 2p6 3s1. D. 1s22s2 2p6 3s23p1. Cu 4: Cht phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH to kt ta l A. KNO3. B. FeCl3. C. BaCl2. D. K2SO4. Cu 5: Dung dch lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh l A. NaCl. B. Na2SO4. C. NaOH. D. NaNO3. Cu 6: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Na2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch A. KCl. B. KOH. C. NaNO3. D. CaCl2. Cu 7: Khi nhit phn hon ton NaHCO3 th sn phm ca phn ng nhit phn l A. NaOH, CO2, H2. B. Na2O, CO2, H2O. C. Na2CO3, CO2, H2O. D. NaOH, CO2, H2O. Cu 8: bo qun natri, ngi ta phi ngm natri trong A. nc. B. ru etylic. C. du ha. D. phenol lng. Cu 9: Mt mui khi tan vo nc to thnh dung dch c mi trng kim, mui l A. Na2CO3. B. MgCl2. C. KHSO4. D. NaCl. Cu 11: Trong cng nghip, natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php A. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc. B. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc C. in phn dung dch NaNO3 , khng c mn ngn in cc D. in phn NaCl nng chy

Cu 12: Cho dy cc cht: FeCl2, CuSO4, BaCl2, KNO3. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 13: Phn ng nhit phn khng ng l A. 2KNO3 t 2KNO2 + O2. B. NaHCO3 t NaOH + CO2. C. NH4Cl t NH3 + HCl. D. NH4NO2 t N2 + 2H2O. + Cu 14: Qu trnh no sau y, ion Na khng b kh thnh Na? A. in phn NaCl nng chy. B. in phn dung dch NaCl trong nc C. in phn NaOH nng chy. D. in phn Na2O nng chy + Cu 15: Qu trnh no sau y, ion Na b kh thnh Na? A. Dung dch NaOH tc dng vi dung dch HCl. B. in phn NaCl nng chy. C. Dung dch Na2CO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl. D. Dung dch NaCl tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3. Cu 16: Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch NaCl, cc m xy ra: A. s kh ion Na+. B. S oxi ho ion Na+. C. S kh phn t nc. D. S oxi ho phn t nc Cu 17: Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch KBr, phn ng no sau y xy ra cc dng? A. Ion Br b oxi ho. B. ion Br b kh. C. Ion K+ b oxi ho. D. Ion K+ b kh. Cu 18: in phn NaCl nng chy vi in cc tr, catt thu c A. Na. B. NaOH. C. Cl2. D. HCl. Cu 19: Trng hp khng xy ra phn ng vi NaHCO3 khi : A. tc dng vi kim. B. tc dng vi CO2. C. un nng. D. tc dng vi axit.
0 0
0 0

Na2CO3 + H2O. X l hp cht Cu 20: Cho s phn ng: NaHCO3 + X A. KOH B. NaOH C. K2CO3 D. HCl Cu 21: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? A. Tinh th ca cc kim loi kim u c kiu mng lp phng tm khi. B. Kim loi kim l kim loi c tnh kh mnh nht so vi kim loi khc trong cng mt chu k C. bo qun kim loi kim, ta phi ngm chng trong du ho D. Ch c kim loi kim mi c cu trc lp v ngoi cng l -ns1 Cu 22: Pht biu no sau y khng ng v kim loi kim: A. Nhit nng chy v nhit si thp B. Khi lng ring nh C. cng thp D. dn in cao Cu 23: Kim loi kim c tnh kh mnh v A. C 1 e lp ngoi cng B. C bn knh ln hn so vi nguyn t c cng chu k C. C in tch ht nhn b so vi nguyn t cng chu k

D. Tt c yu t trn Cu 24: Cc kim loi kim c cu to mng tinh th kiu no trong cc kiu mng sau A. Lp phng tm khi B. Lp phng tm din C. Lc phng D. T din Cu 25: Cho hn hp kim loi Na, Al vo nc, quan st thy hin tng A. C bt kh thot ra B. Xut hin kt ta keo trng C. Xut hin kt ta keo trng v c th kt ta b tan D. C th c cc hin tng A, B, C Cu 26: iu ch NaOH trong cng nghip bng phng php: A. cho Na2O tc dng vi H2O B. cho dung dch Na2SO4 tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 C. in phn dung dch Na2SO4 D. in phn dung dch NaCl c mng ngn Cu 27: Mun bo qun kim loi kim ngi ta ngm kim loi kim trong cht lng no cho di y ? A. ancol etylic B. du ho C. glixerol D. axit axetic Cu 28: Cho mu Na vo dung dch cc cht (ring bit) sau: Ca(HCO 3)2(1), CuSO4(2), KNO3 (3), HCl(4). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra xong, ta thy cc dung dch c xut hin kt ta l A. (1) v (2) B. (1) v (3) C. (1) v (4) D. (2) v (3) Cu 29: Dng c bng cht no sau y khng nn dng cha dung dch kim? A. Cu B. Fe C. Ag D. Al Cu 30: Tnh cht no sau y khng phi l tnh cht ca NaHCO3 A. L cht lng tnh B. Dung dch c mi trng axit yu C. Tc dng c vi mui BaCl2 D. B phn hu bi nhit Cu 31: Phng trnh no sau y vit khng ng: A. 2NaOH + CO2 Na2CO3 + H2O B. 2NaOH + 2NO2 NaNO3 + NaNO2 + H2O C. 2NaOH +MgCO3 Na2CO3 + Mg(OH)2 D. NaOH + SO2 NaHSO3 Cu 32: Cho mt ming Na vo dung dch CuCl2 t t n d hin tng quan st c A. C kh thot ra B. C kt ta mu xanh C. C kh thot ra v xut hin kt ta xanh D. C kh thot ra v xut hin kt ta xanh v sau tan ra Cu 33: iu ch kim loi kim ngi ta dung phng php : A. thu luyn B. nhit luyn C. in phn dung dch D. in phn nng chy

III. XC NH TN KIM LOI KIM Cu 34: Cho 3,75gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim tan hon ton trong nc, thu c 2,8 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi kim l A. Li, K B. Na, K C. Na, Cs D. K, Cs Cu 35: in phn mui clorua kim loi kim nng chy thu c 1,792 lt kh (ktc) anot v 6,24 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc ho hc ca mui em in phn l A. LiCl. B. NaCl. C. KCl. D. RbCl. Cu 36: Cho 0,69 gam mt kim loi kim tc dng vi nc (d) thu c 0,336 lt kh hiro ( ktc). Kim loi kim l (Cho Li = 7, Na = 23, K = 39, Rb = 85) A. Rb. B. Li. C. Na. D. K. Cu 37: Cho 1,15 gam mt kim loi kim X tan ht vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu c cn 50 gam dung dch HCl 3,65%. X l kim loi no sau y? A. K. B. Na. C. Cs. D. Li. Cu 38: in phn mui MCl nng chy ngi ta thu c 0,896 lt (ktc) kh anot v 3,12 g M catot, M l A. Na B. K C. Rb D. Li Cu 39: Cho 1,15 gam mt kim loi kim X tan ht vo nc. trung ho dung dch thu c cn 50 gam dung dch HCl 3,65%. X l kim loi no sau y? A. K. B. Na. C. Cs. D. Li. IV. BI TON HN HP Cu 40: Cho hn hp cc kim loi K v Al vo nc, thu c dung dch 4,48 lt kh (ktc) v 5,4 gam cht rn, khi lng ca K v Al tng ng l A. 3,9 gam v 2,7 gam B. 3,9 gam v 8,1 gam C. 7,8 gam v 5,4 gam D. 15,6 gam v 5,4 gam Cu 41: Cho 6,08 gam hn hp NaOH v KOH tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl to ra 8,30 gam hn hp mui clorua. S gam mi hidroxit trong hn hp ln lt l: A. 2,4 gam v 3,68 gam. B. 1,6 gam v 4,48 gam. C. 3,2 gam v 2,88 gam. D. 0,8 gam v 5,28 gam. Cu 42: Cho hn hp cc kim loi kim Na, K ha tan ht vo nc c dung dch A v 0,672 lt kh H 2 (ktc). Th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ha ht mt phn ba dung dch A l A. 100 ml. B. 200 ml. C. 300 ml. D. 600 ml. Cu 43: Sc 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, th dung dch thu c cha cht tan A. NaHCO3 B. Na2CO3 C. NaHCO3 v Na2CO3 D. Na2CO3 v NaOH Cu 44: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh SO2 ( ktc) vo dung dch cha 16 gam NaOH thu c dung dch X. Khi lng mui tan thu c trong dung dch X l (Cho H = 1, O = 16, Na = 23, S = 32) A. 20,8 gam. B. 23,0 gam. C. 25,2 gam. D. 18,9 gam. Cu 41: Cho 5,6 lit CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton vo 1 lit dung dch NaOH 0,6M, s mol cc cht trong dung dch sau phn ng l A. 0,25 mol Na2CO3; 0,1 mol NaHCO3. B. 0,25 mol Na2CO3; 0,1 mol NaOH. C. 0,5 mol Na2CO3; 0,1 mol NaOH. D. 0,5 mol Na2CO3; 0,5 mol NaHCO3. Cu 42: Cho 100 gam CaCO3 tc dng vi axit HCl d. Kh thot ra hp th bng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 30%. Lng mui Natri trong dung dch thu c l A. 10,6 gam Na2CO3 B. 53 gam Na2CO3 v 42 gam NaHCO3 C. 16,8 gam NaHCO3 D. 79,5 gam Na2CO3 v 21 gam NaHCO3 Cu 43: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo dung dch cha 8 gam NaOH, thu c dung dch X. Khi lng mui tan c trong dung dch X l (Cho C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23) A. 10,6 gam. B. 5,3 gam. C. 21,2 gam. D. 15,9 gam.

Cu 44: Nung 100 gam hn hp Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 cho n khi lng hn hp khng i, c 69 gam cht rn. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp ban u V. TNH THEO PHNG TRNH PHN NG Cu 45: tc dng ht vi dung dch cha 0,01 mol KCl v 0,02 mol NaCl th th tch dung dch AgNO3 1M cn dng l A. 40 ml. B. 20 ml. C. 10 ml. D. 30 ml. Cu 46: Thm t t tng git dung dch cha 0,07 mol HCl vo dung dch cha 0,06 mol Na2CO3. Th tch kh CO2 (ktc) thu c bng: A. 0,784 lt. B. 0,560 lt. C. 0,224 lt. D. 1,344 lt. Cu 47: Ho tan m gam Na kim loi vo nc thu c dung dch X. Trung ho dung dch X cn 100ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. Gi tr m dng l A. 6,9 gam. B. 4,6 gam. C. 9,2 gam. D. 2,3 gam. Cu 48: Nng phn trm ca dung dch thu c khi cho 3,9 gam Kali tc dng vi 108,2 gam H2O l A. 5,00% B. 6,00% C. 4,99%. D. 4,00% Cu 49: Cho 0,02 mol Na2CO3 tc dng vi lng d dung dch HCl th th tch kh CO2 thot ra ( ktc) l A. 0,672 lt. B. 0,224 lt. C. 0,336 lt. D. 0,448 lt. Cu 50: Trung ho V ml dung dch NaOH 1M bng 100 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l A. 400. B. 200. C. 100. D. 300. Cu 51: Ha tan hon ton 2,3 gam Na vo nc, th tch kh H2 (ktc) thot ra l: A. 8,96 lt B. 11,20 lt C. 1,12 lt D. 6,72 lt Cu 52: Nng phn trm ca dung dch to thnh khi ha tan 39 gam Kali kim loi vo 362 gam nc l: A. 14,00 % B. 14,04 % C. 13,97 % D. 15,47 % Cu 53: Cho mu hp kim Na-Ba tc dng vi nc d, thu c dd X v 3,36 lit H2 ktc. Th tch dd H2SO4 2M cn dng trung ha dd X l : A. 150ml B. 75ml C. 60ml D. 30ml Cu 54: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Na, Ca tc dng vi nc d, thu c dd Y v 3,36 lit kh H 2 (ktc). Th tch dd HCl 2M cn dng trung ha lng dd Y l: A. 0,15 lit B. 0,3 lit C. 0,075 lit D. 0,1 lit KIM LOI KIM TH HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM TH I. NI DUNG L THUYT I.1. KIM LOI KIM TH 1. Tnh chat hoa hoc: a. Tac dung vi phi kim: * Vi O2: - nhiet o thng: Be va Mg b oxi hoa cham, cac kim loai khac p manh liet - nhiet o cao: cac kim loai eu p 2M + O2 2MO * Vi Cl2: M + Cl2 MCl2 b. Tac dung vi axit: * Vi HCl va H2SO4 loang:

HCl MCl2 + H2 H2SO4 loang MSO4 * Vi HNO3 va H2SO4 ac: 4Mg + 10HNO3 4Mg(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O 4Mg + 5H2SO4 4MgSO4 + H2S + 4H2O c. Tac dung vi H2O: nhiet o thng, Be khong p, Mg p cham. Cac kim loai khac p manh liet M + 2H2O M(OH)2 + H2 2. ieu che: ien phan nong chay muoi Halogenua dpnc M + X2 MX2 I.2. MOT SO HP CHAT QUAN TRONG CUA CANXI 1. Canxi oxit: CaO Tac dung vi H2O: CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 + Q Tac dung vi axit: CaO + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O Tac dung vi oxit axit: CaO + CO2 CaCO3 900-950 C ieu che: CaCO3 CaO + CO2 - Q Muon thu nhieu CaO: + Tang nhiet o cua p + Giam nong o CO2 2. Canxi hidroxit: Ca(OH)2 Tac dung vi axit: Ca(OH)2 + 2HCl CaCl2 + 2H2O Tac dung vi oxit axit: nco2 Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O 1 Tao muoi CaCO 3: nNaOH
o

M(II) +

2CO 2 + Ca(OH)2 Ca(HCO3)2 2 Tao muoi Ca(HCO 3)2: nNaOH nco2 1< <2 Tao 2 muoi nNaOH Tac dung vi muoi: Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2NaOH 3. Canxi cacbonat: CaCO3 Tac dung vi axit: CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O CaCO3 + 2CH3COOH Ca(CH3COO)2 + CO2 + H2O Tan trong nc co cha CO2: CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2 4. Canxi sunfat: CaSO4

nco2

 Thach cao song: CaSO4 .2H2O Thach cao nung nho la: 2CaSO4.H2O Thach cao khan: CaSO4 I.3. NC CNG VA CACH LAM MEM NC CNG 1. nh ngha: Nc co cha nhieu ion Ca2+, Mg2+ goi la nc cng Nc khong cha hoac cha t Ca2+, Mg2+ goi la nc mem 2. Phan loai: + Nc cng tam thi la nc cng cha ion HCO3VD: Ca(HCO3)2 va Mg(HCO3)2 + Nc cng vnh cu la nc cng cha ion Cl- hoac SO42VD: CaCl2, MgCl2, CaSO4, MgSO4 + Nc cng toan phan la nc cng cha ong thi ion HCO3-, Cl- hoac SO42(Bao gom nc cng tam thi va nc cng vnh cu) 3. Lam mem nc cng: a. Nguyen tac: Giam nong o cac ion Ca2+ va Mg2+ trong nc cng, bang cach chuyen nhng ion t do nay vao hp chat khong tan hoac thay the chung bang nhng cation khac b. Phng phap: 2 phng phap - Phng phap hoa hoc: + Lam mem tnh cng tam thi: t0 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O + un soi: Ca(HCO3)2
t MgCO3 + CO2 + H2O Mg(HCO3)2 + Dung Ca(OH)2: Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 2CaCO3 + 2H2O Mg(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 MgCO3 + CaCO3 + 2H2O + Lam mem tnh cng vnh cu va toan phan: dung Na2CO3 hoac Na3PO4 Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2NaHCO3 CaSO4 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + Na2SO4 3MgCl2 + 2Na3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 + 6NaCl - Phng phap trao oi ion: Cho nc cng i qua chat trao oi cation(cationit), chat nay se hap thu ion Ca2+, Mg2+ trong nc cng va thay vao o la cac cation Na+, H+ ta c nc mem.
0

CHNG 6: KIM LOI KIM, KIM LOI KIM TH, NHM BI 25 :KIM LOI KIM V HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM A. KIM LOI KIM I/ V TR TRONG BNG TUN HON, CU HNH E NGUYN T Bit

1/ Nguyn t 39X c cu hnh electron 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 . Ht nhn nguyn t X c s ntron v proton ln lt l : a. 19 ; 0 b. 19 ; 20 c. 20 ; 19 d. 19 ; 19 2/ S electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IA l? A. 3. B. 2. C. 4. D. 1. Hiu 1/ Cho cu hnh electron: 1s2 2s2 2p6 Dy no sau y gm cc nguyn t v ion c cu hnh e nh trn? A. K+, Cl, Ar. B. Li+, Br, Ne. + C. Na , Cl, Ar D. Na+, F-, Ne. II/ TNH CHT VT L Bit 1/ Cc kim loi kim u c cu to mng tinh th A. lc phng. B. lp phng tm din. C. lp phng tm khi. D. lng tr lc gic u. Hiu 1/ Kim loi kim c nhit nng chy thp v mm l do yu t no sau y? A. Khi lng ring nh B. Th tch nguyn t ln v khi lng nguyn t nh C. in tch ca ion nh (+1), mt electron thp, lin kt kim loi km bn D. Tnh kh mnh hn cc kim loi khc 2/ Dng dy platin sch nhng vo hp cht X ri em t trn ngn la n cn, ngn la c mu tm. Vy X l hp cht ca A. Li B. K C. Na D. Rb 3/ Pht biu no di y l ng? A. Kim loi kim c nhit nng chy v nhit si thp do lin kt kim loi trong mng tinh th kim loi kim bn vng. B. Kim loi kim c khi lng ring nh do nguyn t kim loi kim c bn knh ln v cu trc tinh th km c kht. C. Kim loi kim c cng cao do lin kt skim loa trong mng inh th kim loi kim bn vng. D. Kim loi kim c t khi ln v thuc loi kim loi nng Vn dng 1/ Cho bit th tch ca 1 mol cc kim loi kim l: Kim loi Li Na K Cs 3 V(cm ) 13,2 23,71 45,35 55,55 Khi lng ring (g/cm3) ca mi kim loi trn ln lt l bao nhiu? A. 0,97; 0,53; 1,53 v 0,86 B. 0,97; 1,53; 0,53 v 0,86 C. 0,53; 0,97; 0,86 v 1,53 D. 0,53; 0,86; 0,97 v 1,53 III/ TNH CHT HA HC Bit 1/ Tnh cht ha hc c bn ca kim loi kim l : A. Tnh kh b. Tnh oxi ha c. Tnh axit d. Tnh baz 2/ Mun bo qun kim loi kim, ngi ta ngm kn chng trong :

a. Nc b. Dung dch HCl c. Dung dch NaOH d. Du ha 3/ Chn th t gim dn hot ng ha hc ca cc kim loi kim. A. Na K Cs Rb Li. B. Cs Rb K Na Li. C. Li Na K Rb Cs. D. K Li Na Rb Cs. 4/ Phn ng c trng nht ca kim loi kim l phn ng no? A. Kim loi kim tc dng vi nc B. Kim loi kim tc dng vi oxi C. Kim loi kim tc dng vi dung dch axit D. Kim loi kim tc dng vi dung dch mui Hiu 1/ Nu M l nguyn t nhm IA th oxit ca n c cng thc l: A.MO2 B.M2O3 C.MO D.M2O Vn dng 1/ Cho hn hp cc kim loi kim Na, K ho tan ht vo nc c dung dch A v 0,672 lit kh H 2(ktc). Th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ho ht mt phn ba th tch dung dch A l bao nhiu? A. 100ml B. 200ml C. 300ml D. 600ml 2/ Cho 0,2mol Na chy ht trong O2 d thu c sn phm rn A. Ho tan ht A trong nc thu c 0,025mol O2. Khi lng ca A bng bao nhiu gam? A. 3,9 gam B. 6,6gam C. 7,0 gam D. 7,8gam IV/ NG DNG TRNG THI T NHIN V IU CH Bit 1/ iu ch kim loi Na, ngi ta thc hin phn ng : a. in phn dung dch NaOH b. in phn nng chy NaOH c. Cho dd NaOH tc dng vi dd HCl d. Cho dd NaOH tc dng vi H2O 2/ ng dng no m t di y khng th l ng dng ca kim loi kim? A. M bo v kim loi B. To hp kim dng trong thit b bo chy C. Ch to t bo quang in D. iu ch mt s kim loi khc bng phng php nhit luyn Hiu 2/ Hin tng no xy ra khi cho Na kim loi vo dung dch CuSO4? A. Si bt khng mu v c kt ta mu xanh B. B mt kim loi c mu , dung dch nht mu C. Si bt kh khng mu v c kt ta mu D. B mt kim loi c mu v c kt ta mu xanh Vn dng 1/ Mun iu ch Na, hin nay ngi ta c th dng phn ng no trong cc phn ng sau? A. CO + Na2O tcao 2Na+CO2 B. 4NaOH (in phn nng chy) 4Na + 2H2O + O2 C. 2NaCl (in phn nng chy) 2Na+Cl2 D. B v C u ng B. MT S HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM 1/ NaOH
0

Bit 1/ Phn ng gia Na2CO3 v H2SO4 theo t l 1 : 1 v s mol c phng trnh ion rt gn l : a. CO32- + 2H+ H2CO3 b. CO32- + H+ HCO3 c. CO32- + 2H+ H2O + CO2 d. 2Na+ + SO42- Na 2SO4 Hiu 1/ Trng hp no ion Na+ khng tn ti ,nu ta thc hin cc phn ng ha hc sau: A. NaOH tc dng vi HCl B. NaOH tc dng vi dung dch CuCl2 C. Nung nng NaHCO3 D. in phn NaOH nng chy Vn dng 1/ Trn 200ml dung dch H2SO4 0,05M vi 300ml dung dch NaOH 0,06M pH ca dung dch to thnh l bao nhiu? A. 2,7 B. 1,6 C. 1,9 D. 2,4 2/ C 3 dung dch NaOH, HCl, H2SO4 long. phn bit 3 dung dch cn dng mt ha cht l A. Zn. B Na2CO3. C. BaCO3 D Qy tm 2/ NaHCO3 Bit 1/ Trng hp khng xy ra phn ng vi NaHCO3 khi : A. tc dng vi kim. B. tc dng vi CO2. C. un nng. D. tc dng vi axit. 2/ Nhng tnh cht no sau y khng phi ca NaHCO3? A. Km bn vi nhit. B. Tc dng vi baz mnh. C. Tc dng vi axit mnh. D. Tan nhiu trong nc. 3/ Trong cc mui sau mui no d b nhit phn? A. LiCl B. NaNO3 C. KHCO3 D. KBr Hiu 1/ Dung dch no di y khng lm i mu qu? A. NaOH B. NaHCO3 C. Na2CO3 D. NH4Cl Vn dng 1/ Cho 6 lt hn hp CO2 v N2 (ktc) i qua dung dch KOH to ra 2,07 gam K2CO3 v 6 gam KHCO3. Thnh phn % th tch ca CO2 trong hn hp l A. 42% B. 56% C. 28% D. 50% 3/ Na2CO3 Vn dng 1/ Ha tan 55g hn hp Na2CO3 v Na2SO3 vi lng va 500ml axit H2SO4 1M thu c mt mui trung ha duy nht v hn hp kh A . Thnh phn phn trm th tch ca hn hp kh A A. 80%CO2 ; 20%SO2 .B 70%CO2 ; 30%SO2 C. 60%CO2 ; 40%SO2 D. 50%CO2 ; 50%SO2 4/ KNO3 Bit 1/ nhit phn mui KNO3 sn phm thu c l

A. K2O, O2, NO2

B. K2O, NO2

C. KNO2, O2 D. K, NO2, O2 Bi 26: KIM LOI KIM TH V HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA KIM LOI KIM TH

A. Kim loi kim th I. V tr, tnh cht vt l: Bit: Cu 1: Kim loi no sau y khng thuc loi kim loi kim th A. Be. B. Mg. C. Ca. D. K. Cu 2 : Cho cu hnh electron ca nguyn t ca cc nguyn t sau : X : 1s22s2 Y : 1s22s22p2 Z: 1s22s22p63s2T: 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 G : 1s22s22p63s23p63d24s2 H: 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 Cc nguyn t c xp vo nhm IIA bao gm : A. X,Y,Z B. X,Z,T C. Z,T,G D. Z,T,H Hiu: Cu 1: Cng thc chung ca oxit kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II l A. R2O3. B. R2O. C. RO. D. RO2. II. Tnh cht ha hc iu ch: Bit: Cu 1: nhit thng, kim loi no sau y khng phn ng c vi nc? A. Ba B. Be C. Ca D. Sr Cu 2: Phng php iu ch kim loi nhm IIA l A. phng php thu luyn. B. phng php nhit luyn. C. phng php in phn. D. tt c u ng. Hiu: Cu 1: Khi cho Ca kim loi vo cc cht di y, trng hp no khng c phn ng ca Ca vi nc? A. H2O B. dd HCl va C. dd NaOH va D. dd CuSO4 va Cu 2: Cho Ca vo dung dch NH4HCO3 thy xut hin: A. Kt ta trng v kh mi khai bay ln B. Kt ta trng C. Kt ta trng, sau tan dn D. C kh mi khai bay ln Vn dng: Cu 1: Cho s : Ca A B C D Ca Cng thc ca A, B, C, D ln lt l A.CaCl2, CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, CaSO4 B. Ca(NO3)2, CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, CaCl2 C. CaCl2, Ca(HCO3)2, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2 D. CaO, CaCO3, Ca(NO3)2 , CaCl2

Cu 2: Nung 8,4g mui cacbonat (khan) ca 1 kim loi kim th th thy c CO 2 v hi nc thot ra. Dn CO2 vo dd Ca(OH)2 d thu c 10g kt ta. Vy kim loi l: A. Be B. Mg C. Ca D. Ba Cu 3: in phn nng chy mui clorua ca mt kim loi nhm IIA. Sau mt thi gian thu c catot 8 gam kim loi, anot 4,48 l kh (ktc). Cng thc ca mui l: A. MgCl2 B. BaCl2 C. BeCl2 D. CaCl2 B. Mt s hp cht quan trng ca canxi I. Canxi hidroxit: Bit: Cu 1: Dung dch c pH > 7 l: A. NaCl B. Ca(OH)2 C. Al(OH)3 D. AlCl3 Hiu: Cu 1: Dn kh CO2 t t n d vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, hin tng ho hc xy ra l A. c kt ta trng, kt ta khng tan trong CO2 d. B. c kt ta trng, kt ta tan trong CO2 d. C. khng c kt ta. D. khng c hin tng g xy ra. Cu 2: nhit thng, CO2 phn ng vi cht no? A. CaO B. Ca(OH)2 C. MgO D. C A, B, C Cu 3: iu ch Ca(OH)2 ngi ta c th dng phng php sau. Chn phng php ng. 1) nung thch cao, sau cho sn phm rn tc dng vi nc. 2) nung vi, sau cho sn phm rn tc dng vi nc. 3) cho dung dch CaCl2 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH. 4) cho CaO tc dng vi nc . A. Ch co 1,4 B. Ch co 1,2 C.Ch co 2,4 D. Ch co 3,4 Vn dng: Cu 1: Dn V lt CO2(kc) vo 300ml dd Ca(OH)2 0,5 M. Sau phn ng thu c 10g kt ta. Vy V bng: A. 2,24 lt B. 3,36 lt C. 4,48 lt D. C A, C u ng. Cu 2: Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha 0,35 mol Ca(OH)2 s thu c kt ta c khi lng l: A. 35 gam B. 17,5 gam C. 20 gam D. 2,5 gam II. Canxi cacbonat: Bit: Cu 1: Phn ng no sau y gii thch s to thnh thch nh trong hang ng A. CaCO3 CaO + CO2. B. Ca(OH)2 + 2CO2 Ca(HCO3)2. C. Ca(HCO3)2 CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O. D. CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2. Hiu: Cu 1: CaCO3 tc dng c vi tt c cc cht trong nhm no sau y ?

A. CH3COOH ; MgCl2 ; H2O + CO2 B. CH3COOH ; HCl ; H2O + CO2 C. H2SO4 ; Ba(OH)2 ; CO2 + H2O D. NaOH ; Ca(OH)2 ; HCl ; CO2 Cu 2: Phn ng no sau y khng xy ra? A. CaSO4 + Na2CO3 B. Ca(OH)2 + MgCl2 C. CaCO3 + Na2SO4 D. CaSO4 + BaCl2 Cu 3: Xt phn ng nung vi : CaCO3 CaO + CO2 ( H>0) thu c nhiu CaO, ta phi : A. H thp nhit B. Tng nhit C. Qut l t, ui bt kh CO2 D. B, C u ng Vn dng: Cu 1: Nhit phn hon ton 2,84 g hn hp X gm 2 mui MgCO3 v CaCO3. Dn ton b kh sinh ra qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 3,0 g kt ta. Thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca MgCO3 v CaCO3 trong hn hp X ln lt l: A. 29,58% v 70,42% B. 35,21% v 64,79% C. 70,42% v 29,58% D. 64,79% v 35,21% Cu 2: Cho a gam hn hp MgCO3 v CaCO3 tc dng ht vi V lt dung dch HCl 0,4M thy gii phng 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc), dn kh thu c vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt ta thu c l: A. 10 g B. 15 g C. 20 g D. 25 g III. Canxi sunfat: Bit: Cu 1: Loi thch cao no dng c tng? A. Thch cao sng CaSO4.2H2O B. Thch cao khan CaSO4 C. Thch cao nung 2CaSO4.H2O D. A, B, C u ng. C. Nc cng I. Khi nim phn loi: Bit: Cu 1: Nc cng tm thi cha A. ion HCO3-. B. ion Cl-. C. ion SO42-. D. tt c u ng. Cu 2: C 3 mu nc c cha cc ion sau: 2 + 2+ HCO 2+ (1) Na+, Cl, HCO3 , SO2 3 ; (3) Ca , HCO3 , Cl 4 ; (2) K , SO 4 , Mg , Mu nc cng l: A. (1), (2) B. (1), (3) C. (2), (3) D. (1), (2), (3) II. Phng php lm mm nc cng: Bit: Cu 1: Nguyn tc lm mm nc cng l lm gim nng ca A. ion Ca2+ v Mg2+. B. ion HCO3-. C. ion Cl- v SO42-. D. tt c u ng. Cu 2: Phng php lm mm nc cng tm thi l A. dng nhit . B. dng Ca(OH)2 va . C. dng Na2CO3. D. tt c u ng.

Cu 3: Dy gm cc cht u c th lm mm c nc cng vnh cu l A. Ca(OH)2 , Na2CO3, NaNO3 B. Na2CO3, Na3PO4 C. Na2CO3, HCl D. Na2SO4 , Na2CO3 Bi 27: NHM V HP CHT CA NHM A. NHM 1/ V tr, cu hnh e Bit 1/ Cho bit s th t ca Al trong bng tun hon l 13. Pht biu no sau y ng? A. Al thuc chu k 3, phn nhm chnh nhm III B. Al thuc chu k 3, phn nhm ph nhm III C. Ion nhm c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 2s2 D. Ion nhm c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s2 Hiu 1/ Cu hnh electron ca Al3+ ging vi cu hnh electron: A.Tt c u ng B.Mg2+ C. Na+ D. Ne 2/ Tnh cht vt l Bit 1/ M t no di y v tnh cht vt l ca nhm l cha chnh xc? A. Mu trng bc B. L kim loi nh C. Mm, d ko si v dt mng D. Dn nhit v dn in tt, tt hn cc kim loi Ag v Cu 2/ Tnh cht no sau y khng phi l ca Al ? A.kim loi nh, mu trng B. kim loi nng, mu en C. kim loi do,d dt mng,ko thnh si D. kim loi c kh nng dn in, dn nhit Hiu 1/ Nhm l kim loi c kh nng dn in v nhit tt l do: A. mt electron t do tng i ln B. d cho electron C. kim loi nh D. tt c u ng 3/ Tnh cht ha hc Hiu 1/ C ba cht Mg, Al, Al2O3 . C th phn bit ba cht ch bng mt thuc th l cht no sau y? A. Dung dch HCl B. Dung dch HNO3 C. Dung dch NaOH D. Dung dch CuSO4 2/ Cho phn ng sau:

Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NH4NO3 + H2O H s ca cc cht trong phn ng l .... A. 8, 30, 8, 3, 9 B. 8, 30, 8, 3, 15 C. 30, 8, 8, 3 , 15 D. 8, 27, 8, 3, 12 3/ Bnh lm bng nhm c th ng c dd axit no sau y? A.HNO3(c nng) B. HNO3(c ngui) C. HCl D. H3PO4(c ngui) 4/ Cho 4 kim loi: Mg, Al, Ca, K. Chiu gim dn tnh oxi ho ca ion kim loi tng ng l ... A. K, Ca, Mg, Al. B. Al, Mg, Ca, K. C. Mg, Al, Ca, K. D. Ca, Mg, K, Al. 5/ Cho nhm vo dd NaOH d s xy ra hin tng: A. Nhm tan, c kh thot ra, xut hin kt ta v kt ta tan B. Nhm khng tan C. Nhm tan, c kh thot ra, xut hin kt ta D. c kh thot ra Vn dng 1/ 31,2 gam hn hp bt Al v Al2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thot ra 13,44 lit kh (ktc). Khi lng mi cht trong hn hp u l bao nhiu gam? A. 21,6 gam Al v 9,6 gam Al2O3 B. 5,4 gam Al v 25,8 gam Al2O3 C. 16,2 gam Al v 15,0 gam Al2O3 D. 10,8 gam Al v 20,4 gam Al2O3 2/ Cho m gam hn hp bt Al v Fe tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thot ra 6,72 lit kh (ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp trn tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thot ra 8,96 lit kh (ktc). Khi lng ca Al v Fe trong hn hp u l bao nhiu gam? A. 10,8 gam Al v 5,6gam Fe B. 5,4 gam Al v 5,6 gam Fe C. 5,4 gam Al v 8,4 gam Fe D. 5,4gam Al v 2,8 gam Fe 3/ Ho tan ht m gam hn hp Al v Fe trong lng d dung dch H 2SO4 long thot ra 0,4mol kh, cn trng lng d dung dch NaOH th thu c 0,3mol kh. Tnh m A. 11,00 gam B. 12,28gam C. 13,70gam D. 19,50gam 5/ Sn xut nhm Bit 1/ Khi iu ch nhm bng cch in phn Al2O3 nng chy, ngi ta thm cryolit l . (I) h nhit nng chy ca Al2O3, tit kim nng lng. (II) to cht lng dn in tt hn Al2O3 nng chy. (III) ngn cn qu trnh oxi ho nhm trong khng kh. A. (I) B. (II) v (III) C. (I) v (II) D. c ba l do trn. 2/ Trong cng nghip Al c sn xut. A. Bng phng php ha luyn B. Bng phng php in phn boxit nng chy C. Bng phng php thy luyn D. trong l cao B. Hp cht ca nhm: I. Nhm oxit:

Bit: Cu 1: Nhm oxit l hp cht : A.Va th hin tnh axit, va th hin tnh baz. B.Ch c tnh axit C.Va th hin tnh oxi ha, va th hin tnh kh. D.Ch c tnh baz Hiu: Cu 1: Al2O3 phn ng c vi c hai dung dch A. NaOH v HCl. B. KCl v NaNO3. C. NaCl v H2SO4. D. Na2SO4 v KOH. Cu 2: Dn CO d qua hn hp gm Al2O3, Fe2O3, CuO, MgO un nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, thu c hn hp rn gm: A. Al2O3, Fe, Cu, MgO B. Al, Fe, Cu, Mg C. Al, Fe, Cu, MgO D. Al2O3, Fe, Cu, Mg Vn dng: Cu 1: Cho cc cht: Na, Na2O, Al, Al2O3, Mg. Dng H2O c th nhn bit c: A. 5 cht B. 4 cht C. 3 cht D. 2 cht Cu 2: Cho 10 gam hn hp Al v Al 2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, thu c 6,72 lt kh H 2 (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Al 2O3 trong hn hp l (Cho Al = 27, O = 16) A. 46%. B. 81%. C. 27%. D. 63%. II. Nhm hidroxit: Bit: Cu 1: Cht khng c tnh lng tnh l A. NaHCO3. B. AlCl3. C. Al2O3.D. Al(OH)3. Hiu: Cu 1:Phn ng no chng minh Al(OH)3 c tnh lng tnh: 0 t 1. 2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O 2. Al(OH)3 + 3HCl AlCl3 + 3H2O 3. NaAlO2 + HCl + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaCl 4. Al(OH)3 + NaOH NaAlO2 + 2H2O Chn pht biu ng: A.Ch c 1 B. Ch c 2 v4 C.Ch c 1 v 3 D.Ch c 4 Cu 2: Nh dung dch NH3 vo dung dch AlCl3 , dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3 v dung dch HCl vo dung dch NaAlO2 d s thu c mt sn phm nh nhau, l: A. NaCl B. NH4Cl C. Al(OH)3 D. Al2O3 Cu 3: Cho K vo dd AlCl3 thu c kt ta. Ly ton b kt ta nung n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn. Sc CO2 vo dd cn li thy c kt ta thm. S phn ng xy ra l : A. 5 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Vn dng: Cu 1: Cho s chuyn ho sau: Al X Al(OH)3 Y Al(OH)3 R Al.

X, Y, R ln lt l: A. NaAlO2 , AlCl3 , Al2O3 . B. KAlO2 , Al2(SO4)3 , Al2O3. C. Al2O3 , AlCl3 , Al2S3 D. A v B III. Nhm sunfat: Bit: Cu 1: Phn chua c cng thc no? A. (NH4)2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O B. (NH4)2SO4.Fe2(SO4)3.24H2O C. CuSO4.5H2O D. K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O Hiu: Cu 1: Cho t t lng nh Na kim loi vo dung dch Al2(SO4)3 cho n d, hin tng xy ra nh th no? A. Na tan, c bt kh xut hin trong dung dch. B. Na tan, c kim loi Al bm vo b mt Na kim loi. C.Na tan, c bt kh thot ra & c kt ta dng keo mu trng, sau kt ta vn khng tan D.Na tan, c bt kh thot ra & c kt ta dng keo mu trng, sau kt ta tan dn. Cu 2: Cho cc cht 1.KOH ; 2. BaCl2 ; 3. NH3 ; 4. HCl ; 5. NaCl. Cht c tc dng vi dd Al2(SO4)3 l : A.1,2,3 B.2,3,4 C.1,3,5 D. 2,4,5 IV. Cch nhn bit ion Al3+ trong dung dch: Bit: Cu 1: phn bit dung dch AlCl3 v dung dch KCl ta dng dung dch A. NaOH. B. HCl. C. NaNO3. D. H2SO4. Hiu: Cu 1: Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch AlCl3 thu c dung dch cha nhng mui no sau y? A. NaCl B. NaCl + AlCl3 + NaAlO2 C. NaCl + NaAlO2 D. NaAlO2 TRC NGHIM TNG HP KIM LOI KIM - KIM LOI KIM TH - NHM Cu 1. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, kim loi kim thuc nhm A. IA. B. IIIA. C. IVA.D. IIA. Cu 2. c im no sau y khng l c im chung cho cc kim loi nhm IA ? A. S electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t B. S oxi ho ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht C. Cu to mng tinh th ca n cht D. Bn knh nguyn t Cu 3. Nguyn t c nng lng ion ho nh nht l A. Li B. Na C. K D. Cs Cu 4. Nguyn t ca cc kim loi trong trong nhm IA khc nhau v A. s electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t B. cu hnh electron nguyn t C. s oxi ho ca nguyn t trong hp cht D. kiu mng tinh th ca n cht Cu 5. Nhng nguyn t nhm IA ca bng tun hon c sp xp t trn xung di theo th t tng dn ca

A. in tch ht nhn nguyn t B. khi lng ring C. nhit si D. s oxi ho Cu 6. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim l A. ns1 B. ns2 C. ns2np1 D. (n-1)dxnsy Cu 7. Cation M+ c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 2s22p6. M+ l cation no sau y ? A. Ag+ B. Cu+ C. Na+ D. K+ Cu 8. Cht c tnh lng tnh l A. NaCl. B. NaNO3. C. NaOH.D. NaHCO3. Cu 9. Dung dch no sau y phn ng c vi dung dch Na2CO3 to kt ta? A. KCl. B. CaCl2. C. NaCl.D. KNO3. Cu 10. Dung dch c pH > 7 l A. FeCl3. B. K2SO4. C. Na2CO3.D. Al2(SO4)3. Cu 11. Cho 3,9g K tc dng vi H2O thu c 100ml dung dch. Nng mol ca dung dch KOH thu c l A. 0,1M B. 0,5M C. 1M D. 0,75M Cu 12. in phn mui clorua ca mt kim loi kim nng chy thu c 0,896 lt kh (ktc) anot v 1,84g kim loi catot. Cng thc ho hc ca mui l A. LiCl B. NaCl C. KCl D. RbCl Cu 13. Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch NaCl, cc m xy ra A. s kh ion Na+ B. s oxi ho ion Na+ C. s kh phn t H2O D. s oxi ho phn t H2O Cu 14. Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch KBr, phn ng no sau y xy ra cc dng (anot) ? A. Ion Br - b oxi ho B. Ion Br - b kh C. Ion K+ b oxi ho D. Ion Br - b kh Cu 15. Ch dng thm thuc th no di y c th nhn bit c 3 l mt nhn cha cc dung dch: H2SO4, BaCl2, Na2SO4 ? A. Qu tm B. Bt km C. Na2CO3 D. Qu tm hoc bt Zn hoc Na2CO3 Cu 16. Nng phn trm ca dung dch to thnh khi ho tan 39g kali kim loi vo 362g nc l kt qu no sau y ? A. 15,47% B. 13,97% C. 14% D. 14,04% Cu 17. Trong cc mui sau, mui no d b nhit phn ? A. LiCl B. NaNO3 C. KHCO3 D. KBr Cu 18. Ho tan hon ton 6,2g hai kim loi kim 2 chu k lin tip vo nc thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l A. Li v Na B. Na v K C. K v Rb D. Rb v Cs Cu 19. Trong 1 lt dung dch Na2SO4 0,2M c tng s mol cc ion do mui phn li ra l A. 0,2 mol B. 0,4 mol C. 0,6 mol D. 0,8 mol Cu 20. Cho 0,1 mol hn hp Na2CO3 v KHCO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl. Dn kh thot ra vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d th khi lng kt ta thu c l

A. 8g B. 9g C. 10g D. 11g Cu 21. 1,24g Na2O tc dng vi nc, c 100ml dung dch. Nng mol ca cht trong dung dch l A. 0,04M B. 0,02M C. 0,4M D. 0,2M Cu 22. Cho 3,04g hn hp NaOH v KOH tc dng vi axit HCl thu c 4,15g hn hp mui clorua. Khi lng ca mi hiroxit trong hn hp ln lt l A. 1,17g v 2,98g B. 1,12g v 1,6g C. 1,12g v 1,92g D. 0,8g v 2,24g Cu 23. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim th l 2 2 1 1 2 2 A. ns . B. ns np . C. ns .D. ns np . Cu 24. trng thi c bn, nguyn t kim loi kim th c s electron ho tr l A. 1e B. 2e C. 3e D. 4e Cu 25. Kim loi phn ng c vi nc nhit thng l A. Ag. B. Fe. C. Cu.D. Ba. Cu 26. Kim loi khng phn ng c vi nc nhit thng l A. Ca. B. Li. C. Be.D. K. Cu 27. Canxi cacbonat (CaCO3) phn ng c vi dung dch A. KNO3. B. HCl. C. NaNO3.D. KCl. Cu 28. Trong t nhin, canxi sunfat tn ti di dng mui ngm nc (CaSO4.2H2O) c gi l A. thch cao khan. B. thch cao sng. C. vi.D. thch cao nung. Cu 29. Cht c kh nng lm mm nc c tnh cng ton phn l A. Ca(NO3)2. B. NaCl. C. Na2CO3.D. CaCl2. Cu 30. So vi nguyn t canxi, nguyn t kali c A. bn knh ln hn v m in ln hn B. bn knh ln hn v m in nh hn C. bn knh nh hn v m in nh hn D. bn knh nh hn v m in ln hn Cu 31. iu ch kim loi Mg bng cch in phn MgCl2 nng chy, qu trnh no xy ra catot (cc m) ? A. Mg Mg2+ + 2e B. Mg2+ + 2e Mg C. 2Cl- Cl2 + 2e D. Cl2 + 2e 2ClCu 32. Cu no sau y din t ng tnh cht ca cc kim loi kim th ? A. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu tng ca nng lng ion ho B. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu gim ca nng lng ion ho C. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu tng ca th in cc chun D. Tnh kh ca kim loi tng theo chiu tng ca m in Cu 33. Cht no sau y khng b phn hu khi nung nng ? A. Mg(NO3)2 B. CaCO3 C. CaSO4 D. Mg(OH)2 Cu 34. Nc t nhin c cha nhng ion no di y th c gi l nc cng c tnh cng tm thi?

A. Ca2+, Mg2+, ClB. Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42C. Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, Ca2+ D. HCO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+ Cu 35. Mt loi nc cng khi c un si th mt tnh cng. Trong loi nc cng ny c ho tan nhng hp cht no sau y ? A. Ca(HCO3)2, MgCl2 B. Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2 C. Mg(HCO3)2, CaCl2 D. MgCl2, CaSO4 Cu 36. Khi in phn MgCl2 nng chy, A. cc dng, ion Mg2+ b oxi ho B. cc m, ion Mg2+ b kh C. cc dng, nguyn t Mg b oxi ho D. cc m, nguyn t Mg b kh Cu 37. Xp cc kim loi kim th theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn, th A. bn knh nguyn t gim dn B. nng lng ion ho gim dn C. tnh kh gim dn D. kh nng tc dng vi nc gim dn Cu 38. Cho dung dch Ca(OH)2 vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 s A. c kt ta trng B. c bt kh thot ra C. c kt ta trng v bt kh D. khng c hin tng g Cu 39. Cho 2,84g hn hp CaCO3 v MgCO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy bay ra 672ml kh CO 2 (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca 2 mui (CaCO 3, MgCO3) trong hn hp l A. 35,2% v 64,8% B. 70,4% v 29,6% C. 85,49% v 14,51% D. 17,6% v 82,4% Cu 40. Cho 2 gam mt kim loi thuc nhm IIA tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl to ra 5,55g mui clorua . Kim loi l kim loi no sau y ? A. Be B. Mg C. Ca D. Ba + 2+ Cu 41. Trong mt cc nc c cha 0,01 mol Na ; 0,02 mol Ca ; 0,01 mol Mg2+; 0,05 mol HCO3-; 0,02 mol Cl-. Nc trong cc thuc loi no ? A. Nc cng c tnh cng tm thi B. Nc cng c tnh cng vnh cu C. Nc cng c tnh cng ton phn D. Nc mm Cu 42. C th dng cht no sau y lm mm nc c tnh cng tm thi ? A. NaCl B. H2SO4 C. Na2CO3 D. KNO3 Cu 43. Trong nc t nhin thng c ln mt lng nh cc mui Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2, Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2. C th dng dung dch no sau y loi ng thi cc cation trong cc mui trn ra khi nc ? A. Dung dch NaOH B. Dung dch K2SO4 C. Dung dch Na2CO3 D. Dung dch NaNO3 Cu 44. Sc 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch cha 0,25 mol Ca(OH)2. Khi lng kt ta thu c l A. 10gam B. 15 gam C. 20 gam D. 25 gam Cu 45. Cch no sau y thng c dng iu ch kim loi Ca ? A. in phn dung dch CaCl2 c mng ngn B. in phn CaCl2 nng chy

C. Dng Ba y Ca ra khi dung dch CaCl2 D. Dng Al kh CaO nhit cao Cu 46. Sc a mol kh CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c 3g kt ta. Lc tch kt ta, dung dch cn li mang un nng thu thm c 2g kt ta na. Gi tr ca a l A. 0,05mol B. 0,06 mol C. 0,07 mol D. 0,08 mol Cu 47. C 3 l, mi l ng mt dung dch sau: BaCl2, Ba(NO3)2, Ba(HCO3)2. Ch dng thuc th no sau y c th nhn bit c cc dung dch trn ? A. Qu tm B. Phenolphtalein C. Na2CO3 D. AgNO3 Cu 48. Cho 1,67 gam hn hp gm hai kim loi 2 chu k lin tip thuc nhm IIA tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl (d), thot ra 0,672 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Hai kim loi l (cho Be = 9, Mg = 24, Ca = 40, Sr = 87, Ba = 137) A. Be v Mg. B. Mg v Ca. C. Sr v Ba. D. Ca v Sr Cu 49. Cho 18,4g hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca kim loi thuc nhm IIA 2 chu k lin tip tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl. C cn dung dch sau khi phn ng thu c 20,6g mui khan. Hai kim loi l A. Be v Mg B. Mg v Ca C. Ca v Sr D. Sr v Ba Cu 50. Qung boxit l nguyn liu dng iu ch kim loi A. ng. B. nhm. C. ch.D. natri. Cu 51. Dung dch NaOH phn ng c vi A. FeO. B. CuO. C. Al2O3.D. Fe2O3. Cu 52. Kim loi Al khng phn ng c vi dung dch A. H2SO4 (long). B. NaOH. C. KOH. D. H2SO4 (c, ngui). Cu 53. C 3 cht rn: Mg, Al, Al2O3 ng trong 3 l mt nhn. Ch dng mt thuc th no sau y c th nhn bit c mi cht ? A. Dung dch HCl B. Dung dch H2SO4 C. Dung dch CuSO4 D. Dung dch NaOH Cu 54. Cho Al + HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NO + H2O. S phn t HNO3 b Al kh v s phn t HNO3 to mui nitrat trong phn ng l A. 1 v 3 B. 3 v 2 C. 4 v 3 D. 3 v 4 Cu 55. Ho tan hon ton 2,7 gam Al bng dung dch HNO3 (long, d), thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 3,36. B. 4,48. C. 2,24.D. 1,12. Cu 56. Mt pin in ho c cu to bi cc cp oxi ho - kh Al3+/Al v Cu2+/Cu. Phn ng ho hc xy ra khi pin hot ng l A. 2Al + 3Cu 2Al3+ + 3Cu2+ B. 2Al3+ + 3Cu 2Al + 3Cu2+ C. 2Al + 3Cu2+ 2Al3+ + 3Cu D. 2Al3+ + 3Cu2+ 2Al + 3Cu Cu 57. Hp cht no ca nhm tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (theo t l mol 1 : 1) cho sn phm Na[Al(OH)4] ? A. Al2(SO4)3 B. AlCl3 C. Al(NO3)3 D. Al(OH)3 Cu 58. Dy no di y gm cc cht va tc dng vi dung dch axit va tc dng vi dung dch kim? A. AlCl3 v Al2(SO4)3 B. Al(NO3)3 v Al(OH)3

C. Al2(SO4)3 v Al2O3 D. Al(OH)3 v Al2O3 Cu 59. Pht biu no di y l ng ? A. Nhm l kim loi lng tnh B. Al(OH)3 l baz lng tnh C. Al2O3 l oxit trung tnh D. Al(OH)3 l mt hiroxit lng tnh Cu 60. Trong nhng cht sau, cht no khng c tnh lng tnh ? A. Al(OH)3 B. Al2O3 C. ZnSO4 D. NaHCO3 Cu 61. C 4 mu kim loi l Na, Al, Ca, Fe. Ch dng nc lm thuc th th s kim loi c th phn bit c ti a l bao nhiu ? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 62. Nhm khng tan trong dung dch no sau y ? A. HCl B. H2SO4 C. NaHSO4 D. NH3 Cu 63. Cho 7,8g hn hp Mg v Al tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d. Sau phn ng thy khi lng dung dch tng thm 7g. S mol HCl tham gia phn ng l A. 0,8 mol B. 0,7 mol C. 0,6 mol D. 0,5 mol Cu 64. in phn Al2O3 nng chy vi dng in cng 9,65A trong thi gian 3000 giy, thu c 2,16g Al. Hiu sut ca qu trnh in phn l A. 60% B. 70% C. 80% D. 90% Cu 65. Nhm bn trong mi trng khng kh v nc l do A. nhm l kim loi km hot ng B. c mng oxit Al2O3 bn vng bo v C. c mng hiroxit Al(OH)3 bn vng bo v D. nhm c tnh th ng vi khng kh v nc Cu 66. Kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch HCl long l A. Ag. B. Au. C. Al.D. Cu. Cu 67. phn bit dung dch AlCl3 v dung dch MgCl2, ngi ta dng lng d dung dch A. K2SO4. B. KOH. C. KNO3.D. KCl. Cu 68. Cho 31,2g hn hp bt Al v Al2O3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c 13,44 lt H2 (ktc). Khi lng tng cht trong hn hp ban u ln lt l A. 16,2g v 15g B. 10,8g v 20,4g C. 6,4g v 24,8g D. 11,2g v 20g Cu 69. Nhm hiroxit thu c t cch lm no sau y ? A. Cho d dung dch HCl vo dung dch natri aluminat B. Thi d kh CO2 vo dung dch natri aluminat C. Cho d dung dch NaOH vo dung dch AlCl3 D. Cho Al2O3 tc dng vi nc Cu 70. Ch dng ho cht no sau y c th phn bit 3 cht rn l Mg, Al v Al2O3 ? A. Dung dch HCl B. Dung dch KOH C. Dung dch NaCl D. Dung dch CuCl2 Cu 71. Cc dung dch ZnSO4 v AlCl3 u khng mu. phn bit 2 dung dch ny c th dng dung dch ca cht no sau y ? A. NaOH B. HNO3 C. HCl D. NH3

Cu 72. Trong 1 lt dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,15M c tng s mol cc ion do mui phn li ra (b qua s thu phn ca mui) l A. 0,15 mol B. 0,3 mol C. 0,45 mol D. 0,75 mol Cu 73. Cho 5,4g Al vo 1000ml dung dch KOH 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton th tch kh H2 (ktc) thu c l A. 4,48 lt B. 0,448 lt C. 6,72 lt D. 0,224 lt CHNG 8: ST V MT S KIM LOI QUAN TRNG KHC -----------A. NI DUNG L THUYT BI 31: SAT 1. V tr trong HTTH: 26, chu ky 4, nhom VIIIB Fe(Z=26) 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 Fe2+(Z=26) 1s22s22p63s23p63d6 Fe3+ (Z=26) 1s22s22p63s23p63d5 (Fe3+ ben hn Fe2+) 2. Tnh chat hoa hoc: a. Tac dung vi phi kim: O2, Cl2, S 3Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4 Oxit sat t 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 Sat (III) clorua Fe + S FeS Sat (II) sunfua b. Tac dung vi axit: + Vi HCl hoac H2SO4 loang: tao muoi Fe (II) Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 Fe + H2SO4 loang FeSO4+ H2 + Vi HNO3 hoac H2SO4 ac: tao muoi Fe (III) Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O 2Fe + 6H2SO4 ac nong Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O Fe khong tac dung vi HNO3 ac nguoi va H2SO4 ac nguoi c. Tac dung vi dd muoi: Fe kh c ion kim loai ng sau no trong day ien hoa Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu d. Tac dung vi H2O: Nhit thng: Fe khong kh H2O t <5700 C Nhit cao: 3Fe + 4H2O Fe3O4 + 4H2 0 t >570 C Fe + H2O FeO + H2 BI 32: MOT SO HP CHAT QUAN TRONG CUA SAT 1. Hp chat Fe (II): a. Sat (II) hidroxit: Fe(OH)2

- La mot baz: Fe(OH)2 + 2HCl FeCl2 + 2H2O - La chat kh: 3Fe(OH)2 + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 8H2O - nhiet o thng: Fe(OH)2 b O2 trong khong kh oxi hoa thanh Fe(OH)3 2Fe(OH)2 + 1/2O2 + H2O 2Fe(OH)3 Luc nhat o nau 2+ - ieu che: Fe + 2OH Fe(OH)2 b. Sat (II) oxit: FeO - La oxit baz: FeO + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2O - La chat kh: 2FeO + 4H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O - La chat oxi hoa: FeO + CO Fe + CO2 to - ieu che: Fe(OH) FeO + H2O 2 c. Muoi sat (II): -La chat oxi hoa: Zn + FeCl2 ZnCl2 + Fe -La chat kh: 2FeCl2 + Cl2 2FeCl3 10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 3MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O 2. Hp chat Fe (III): a. Sat (III) hidroxit: Fe(OH)3 - La mot baz: Fe(OH)3 + 3HCl FeCl3 + 3H2O - ieu che: Fe3+ + 3OH- Fe(OH)3 b. Sat (III) oxit: Fe2O3 - La oxit baz: Fe2O3 + 6HCl 2FeCl3 + 3H2O - La chat oxi hoa : Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2 to - ieu che: 2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O c. Muoi sat (III): La chat oxi hoa: Fe + 2FeCl3 3FeCl2 Cu + 2FeCl3 CuCl2 + 2FeCl2 3. Oxit sat t: Fe3O4 (FeO.Fe2O3) - La oxit baz: Fe3O4 + 8HCl FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O - La chat kh: Fe3O4 + 28HNO3 9Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 14H2O - La chat oxi hoa: Fe3O4 + 4CO 3Fe + 4CO2
Cac loai quang cha Fe quan trong: Hematit o: Fe2O3 khan Hematit nau: Fe2O3.nH2O Manhetit: Fe3O4 BI 33: HP KIM CA ST Xiderit: FeCO3 Pirit: FeS2

Gang:

+ Khi nim: Hp kim ca Fe v C (2- 5%); Nguyn tc sn xut: Kh Fe2O3 bng CO nhit cao Thp: + Khi nim: Hp kim ca st vi C(0.01- 2%); Nguyn tc sn xut: gim hm lng tp cht c trong gang. -------------------------------------------------CU HI TRC NGHIM ST V HP CHT CA ST BI 31: ST Cu 1: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe? A. [Ar] 4s23d6. B. [Ar]3d64s2. C. [Ar]3d8. D. [Ar]3d74s1. 2+ Cu 2: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe ? A. [Ar]3d6. B. [Ar]3d5. C. [Ar]3d4. D. [Ar]3d3. 3+ Cu3: Cu hnh electron no sau y l ca ion Fe ? A. [Ar]3d6. B. [Ar]3d5. C. [Ar]3d4. D. [Ar]3d3. Cu 1: St nm th 26 trong bng tun hon, cu hnh electron ca ion Fe3+ A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d4 4s2 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 C.1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 D.1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2 Cu 2: Kim loi no sau y tc dng vi axit HCl long v kh clo khng cho cng loi mui clorua kim loi A. Zn B. Cu C. Fe D. Al Cu 3: Fe c th tan trong dung dch cht no sau y? A. AlCl3 B. FeCl3 C. FeCl2 D. MgCl2 Cu 4: Trong cc phn ng ho hc cho di y, phn ng no khng ng? A.Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 B. Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu C. Fe + Cl2 FeCl2 D. Fe + H2O FeO + H2 Cu 5: Hai dung dch u phn ng c vi kim loi Fe l A. CuSO4 v ZnCl2. B. CuSO4 v HCl. C. ZnCl2 v FeCl3. D. HCl v AlCl3. Cu 6: Cho st phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng thu c mt cht kh mu nu . Cht kh l A. NO2. B. N2O. C. NH3. D. N2. Cu 7: Cho phn ng: a Fe + b HNO3 c Fe(NO3)3 + d NO + e H2O Cc h s a, b, c, d, e l nhng s nguyn, n gin nht. Th tng (a+b) bng A. 3. B. 6. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 8: Phn ng ho hc no sau y xy ra? A. Cu2+ + 2Ag Cu + 2Ag+ B. Cu + Pb2+ Cu2+ + Pb C. Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe2+ D. Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe Cu 9: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l A. Cu + dung dch FeCl3. B. Fe + dung dch HCl. C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3. D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2. Cu 10: Cht c tnh oxi ho nhng khng c tnh kh l A. Fe. B. Fe2O3. C. FeCl2. D. FeO.

Cu 11: Dung dch mui FeCl3 khng tc dng vi kim loi no di y? A. Zn B. Fe C. Cu D. Ag Cu 12: Khi nung nng Fe vi cht no sau y th to ra hp cht st (II) A. S B. Dung dch HNO3 C. O2 D. Cl2 Cu 13: Dung dch FeSO4 c ln tp cht CuSO4. Cht no sau y c th loi b c tp cht? A. Bt Mg d, lc. B. Bt Cu d, lc. C. Bt Al d, lc. D. Bt Fe d, lc. Cu 14: Trong cc phn ng sau phn ng no khng phi l phn ng oxi ha - kh A. Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 B. 2FeCl3 + Fe 3FeCl2 C. Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu D. FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S Cu 15: Phn ng no di y khng th xy ra (1) Fe + MgSO4Mg + FeSO4 (2) Fe + 2HCl FeCl2+ H2 (3) Fe + 6HNO3 , ngui Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O (4) 2Fe + 3Cl22FeCl3 A. (1),(2) B. (1),(3) C. (3),(4) D. (2),(3) Cu 16: Nhn nh no sau y sai? A. St tan c trong dung dch CuSO4 B. St tan c trong dung dch FeCl3 C. St tan c trong dung dch FeCl2 D. ng tan c trong dung dch FeCl3 Cu 17: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch CuSO4 quan st thy hin tng g? A. Thanh Fe c mu trng v dung dch nht mu xanh. B. Thanh Fe c mu v dung dch nht mu xanh. C. Thanh Fe c mu trng xm v dung dch c mu xanh. D. Thanh Fe c mu v dung dch c mu xanh. Cu 18: Hn hp kim loi no sau y tt c u tham gia phn ng trc tip vi mui st (III) trong dung dch? A. Na, Al, Zn B. Fe, Mg, Cu C. Ba, Mg, Ni D. K, Ca, Al Cu 19: Cho cc kim loi: Fe, Ag, Cu v cc dung dch HCl, CuSO4, FeCl3. S cp cht c th phn ng vi nhau l A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 20: Cho lung kh H2 d i qua ng nghim cha hn hp Al2O3, CuO, MgO, FeO, Fe3O4. Gi thit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, hn hp thu c sau phn ng l A. Mg, Al, Cu, Fe B. Mg, Al2O3, Cu, Fe C. Al2O3, MgO, Cu, Fe D. Al2O3, FeO, MgO, Fe, Cu Cu 21: Cho cc cht Cu, Fe, Ag v cc dung dch HCl, CuSO4 , FeCl2 , FeCl3 .S cp cht c phn ng vi nhau l: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 22: Cho bt Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long, phn ng kt thc thy c bt Fe cn d. Dung dch thu c sau phn ng l: A. Fe(NO3)3 B. Fe(NO3)3, HNO3 C. Fe(NO3)2 D. Fe(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 Cu 23: Ho tan m gam Fe trong dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l

A. 2,8. B. 1,4. C. 5,6. D. 11,2. Cu 24: Ho tan hon ton m gam Fe trong dung dch HNO3 long d, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 0,448 lt kh NO duy nht ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 11,2. B. 0,56. C. 5,60. D. 1,12. Cu 25: Bao nhiu gam clo tc dng va kim loi st to ra 32,5 gam FeCl3? A. 21,3 gam B. 14,2 gam. C. 13,2 gam. D. 23,1 gam Cu 26: Ho tan 22,4 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO3 long (d), sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 2,24 . B. 3,36. C. 4,48. D. 8,96. Cu 27: Cho mt t bt st nguyn cht tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 long thu c 560 ml mt cht kh ( ktc). Nu cho mt lng gp i bt st ni trn tc dng ht vi dung dch CuSO4 th thu c m gam mt cht rn. Gi tr m l A. 1,4 gam. B. 4,2 gam. C. 2,3 gam. D. 3,2 gam. Cu 28: Hn hp X gm Cu v Fe, trong Cu chim 43,24% khi lng. Cho 14,8 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c V lt kh (ktc). Gi tr ca V l: A. 1,12 lt. B. 2,24 lt. C. 4,48 lt. D. 3,36 lt. Cu 29: Nhng thanh st vo dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi gian ly thanh st ra ra sch, sy kh thy khi lng tng 1,2 gam. Khi lng Cu bm vo thanh st l A. 9,3 gam. B. 9,4 gam. C. 9,5 gam. D. 9,6 gam. Cu 30: Cho m gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 ly d ta thu c 8,96 lit(kc) hn hp kh X gm 2 kh NO v NO2 c t khi hi hn hp X so vi oxi bng 1,3125. Gi tr ca m l A. 0,56 gam. B. 1,12 gam. C. 11,2 gam. D. 5,6 gam. Cu 31: Mt hn hp gm 13 gam km v 5,6 gam st tc dng vi dung dch axit sunfuric long d. Th tch kh hidro (ktc) c gii phng sau phn ng l. A. 2,24 lit. B. 4,48 lit. C. 6,72 lit. D. 67,2 lit. Cu 32: Ho tan 5,6 gam Fe bng dung dch HNO3 long (d), sinh ra V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 6,72. B. 4,48. C. 2,24. D. 3,36. Cu 33: Cho 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d). Sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh hiro ( ktc), dung dch X v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l A. 6,4 gam. B. 3,4 gam. C. 5,6 gam. D. 4,4 gam. Cu 34: Cho 20 gam hn hp bt Mg v Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy c 1 gam kh H 2 bay ra. Lng mui clorua to ra trong dung dch l bao nhiu gam ? A. 40,5 gam. B. 45,5 gam. C. 55,5 gam. D. 60,5 gam. Cu 35: Cho 2,52g mt kim loi tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 long, thu c 6,84g mui sunfat. Kim loi l A. Mg B. Zn C. Fe D. Al Cu 36: Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50g trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c 336ml kh H2 (ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Kim loi l A. Zn B. Fe C. Al D.Ni Cu 37: Ha tan Fe trong HNO3 d thy sinh ra hn hp kh gm 0,03 mol NO2 v 0,02 mol NO. Khi lng Fe b ha tan bng bao nhiu gam? A. 0,56g B. 1,12g C. 1,68g D. 2,24g Cu 38: Khi cho 11,2 gam Fe tc dng vi Cl2 d thu c m1 gam mui, cn nu cho 11,2 gam Fe tc dng vi dd HCl d th th c m 2 gam mui. Kt qu tnh gi tr ca m1 v m2 l bao nhiu? A. m1=m2=25,4g B. m1=25,4g v m2=26,7g C. m1=32,5g v m2=24,5g D.m1=32,5g v m2=25,4

Cu 39: Ha tan 3,04 gam hn hp bt kim loi st v ng trong axit nitric long thu c 0,896 lt (ktc) kh NO duy nht. Thnh phn % khi lng mi kim loi l bao nhiu? A. 36,2% Fe v 63,8 % Cu C. 36,8% Fe v 63,2 % Cu B. 63,2% Fe v 36,8 % Cu D. 33,2% Fe v 66,8 % Cu 40: Ngm mt inh st nng 4g trong dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi gian ly inh st ra, sy kh, cn nng 4,2857g. Khi lng st tham gia phn ng l A. 1,9990g B. 1,9999g C. 0,3999g D. 2,1000g Cu 41: Cn iu ch 6,72 lt H2 (ktc) t Fe v dung dch HCl hoc dung dch H2SO4 long. Chn axit no s mol cn ly nh hn ? A. HCl B. H2SO4 long C. Hai axit u nh nhau D. Khng xc nh c Cu 42: Cho 8g hn hp kim loi Mg v Fe tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl thy thot ra 5,6 lt H2 (ktc). Khi lng mui to ra trong dung dch l A. 22,25g B. 22,75g C. 24,45g D. 25,75g BI 33: HP CHT CA ST Cu 1: Nu cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch FeCl3 th xut hin A. kt ta mu trng hi xanh. B. kt ta mu trng hi xanh, sau chuyn dn sang mu nu . C. kt ta mu xanh lam. D. kt ta mu nu . Cu 2: T qung Fe2O3 c th iu ch ra st bng phng php A. Thy luyn. B. in phn. C. Nhit luyn. D.Mt phng php khc. Cu 3: Kim loi phn ng c vi dung dch st (II) clorua l A. Pb. B. Fe. C. Zn. D. Cu. Cu 4: Mt loi qung cha st trong t nhin c loi b tp cht. Ho tan qung ny trong dung dch HNO3 thy c kh mu vng nu bay ra, dung dch thu c cho tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 thy c kt ta trng (khng tan trong axit mnh). Loi qung l A. xierit B. hematit C. manhetit D. pirit st Cu 5: Nhit phn hon ton Fe(NO3)2 trong khng kh thu c sn phm phng n no sau y? A. FeO, NO2, O2 B. Fe2O3, NO2, NO C. Fe2O3, NO2, O2 D. Fe, NO2, O2 Cu 6: Cho lung kh H2 (d) qua hn hp cc oxit CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit cao. Sau phn ng hn hp rn cn li l: A. Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO. B. Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO. C. Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg. D. Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO. 3+ Cu 7: kh ion Fe trong dung dch thnh ion Fe2+ c th dng mt lng d A. kim loi Mg. B. kim loi Cu. C. kim loi Ba. D. kim loi Ag. Cu 8: iu ch Fe(NO3)2 ta c th dng phn ng no sau y? A. Fe + HNO3 B. Dung dch Fe(NO3)3 + Fe C. FeO + HNO3 D. FeS + HNO3 Cu 9 : Cho hn hp Fe v Cu d vo dung dch HNO3 thy thot ra kh NO. Mui thu c trong dung dch sau phn ng l : A. Fe(NO3)3 B. Fe(NO3)3 v Cu(NO3)2

C. Fe(NO3)2 v Cu(NO3)2 D. Cu(NO3)2 Cu 10: Cho phng trnh ho hc: aAl + bFe3O4 cFe + dAl2O3 (a, b, c, d l cc s nguyn, ti gin). Tng cc h s a, b, c, d l A. 25. B. 24. C. 27. D. 26. Cu 11: Phn hy Fe(OH)3 nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c cht rn l A. FeO. B. Fe2O3. C. Fe3O4. D. Fe(OH)2. Cu 12: Sn phm to thnh c cht kt ta khi dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 tc dng vi dung dch A. NaOH. B. Na2SO4. C. NaCl. D. CuSO4. Cu 13: Dy gm hai cht ch c tnh oxi ho l A. Fe(NO3)2, FeCl3. B. Fe(OH)2, FeO. C. Fe2O3, Fe2(SO4)3. D. FeO, Fe2O3. Cu 14: Cho s chuyn ho: Fe X FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 (mi mi tn ng vi mt phn ng). Hai cht X, Y ln lt l A. HCl, NaOH. B. HCl, Al(OH)3. C. NaCl, Cu(OH)2. D. Cl2, NaOH. Cu 15: Hp cht st (II) sunfat c cng thc l A. FeSO4. B. Fe(OH)3. C. Fe2O3. D. Fe2(SO4)3. Cu 16: Ha tn 10 gam hn hp bt Fe v Fe 2O3 bng dd HCl thu c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) v dung dch A. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi NaOH d, thu c kt ta. Nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c cht rn c khi lng l: A. 11,2 gam. B. 12,4 gam. C. 15,2 gam. D. 10,9 gam. Cu 17: Cho 32g hn hp gm MgO, Fe2O3, CuO tc dng va vi 300ml dung dch H2SO4 2M. Khi lng mui thu c l A. 60g B. 80g C. 85g D. 90g Cu 18: Cho dy cc cht: FeCl2, CuSO4, BaCl2, KNO3. S cht trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 19: Cho dy cc kim loi: Na, Cu, Fe, Ag, Zn. S kim loi trong dy phn ng c vi dung dch HCl l A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 20: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l: A. I, II v III. B. I, II v IV. C. I, III v IV. D. II, III v IV. Cu 21: Kh hon ton 0,1 mol FexOy bng kh CO nhit cao thy to ra 0,3 mol CO2. Cng thc oxit st l A. FeO B. Fe3O4 C. Fe2O3 D. khng xc nh c Cu 22: Nung 21,4 gam Fe(OH)3 nhit cao n khi lng khng i, thu c m gam mt oxit. Gi tr ca m l (Cho H = 1, O = 16, Fe = 56) A. 16. B. 14. C. 8. D. 12. Cu 23: Cho kh CO kh hon ton n Fe mt hn hp gm: FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 thy c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) thot rA. Th tch CO (ktc) tham gia phn ng l A. 1,12 lt. B. 2,24 lt. C. 3,36 lt. D. 4,48 lt. Cu 24: kh hon ton 30 gam hn hp CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MgO cn dng 5,6 lt kh CO ( ktc). Khi lng cht rn sau phn ng l A. 28 gam. B. 26 gam. C. 22 gam. D. 24 gam. Cu 25: Kh hon ton 17,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 cn 2,24 lt CO ( ktc). Khi lng st thu c l A. 5,6 gam. B. 6,72 gam. C. 16,0 gam. D. 8,0 gam. Cu 26: Hn hp A gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Trong hn hp A, mi oxit u c 0,5 mol. Khi lng ca hn hp A l A. 231 gam. B. 232 gam. C. 233 gam. D. 234 gam.
Y

Cu 27: Kh hon ton 16 gam Fe2O3 bng kh CO nhit cao. Kh i ra sau phn ng c dn vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Khi lng kt ta thu c l A. 15 gam B. 20 gam. C. 25 gam. D. 30 gam. BI 33: HP KIM CA ST Cu 1: Qung c hm lng st ln nht l A. manhetit B. xierit C. hematit D. pirit Cu 2: Cu no ng trong s cc cu sau? A. Gang l hp kim ca st vi cacbon, trong cacbon chim 5-10% khi lng. B. Thp l hp kim ca st vi cacbon, trong cacbon chim 2-5% khi lng. C. Nguyn tc sn xut gang l kh qung st bng cc cht kh nh CO, H2, Al D. Nguyn tc sn xut thp l oxi ho cc tp cht (C, Si, Mn, S, P) thnh oxit, nhm gim hm lng ca chng. Cu 3: Nung mt mu thp thng c khi lng 10g trong oxi d thu c 0,1568 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca cacbon trong mu thp l A. 0,86% B. 0,85% C. 0,84% D. 0,82% Cu 4: Trong cc pht biu sau, pht biu no khng ng? A. Hm lng C trong gang nhiu hn trong thp B. Gang l hp cht ca Fe C C. Gang l hp kim Fe C v mt s nguyn t khc D. Gang trng cha t C hn gang xm Cu 5: C th dng dung dch no sau y ho tan hon ton mt mu gang? A. Dung dch HCl. B. Dung dch H2SO4 long. C. Dung dch NaOH. D. Dung dch HNO3 c nng. BI 34: CROM V HP CHT CROM A. NI DUNG L THUYT 1. V tr trong trong bng tun hon: 24, chu k 4, nhm VIB. 2. Tnh cht vt l: trng nh bc, khi lng ring ln, l kim loi cng nht. 3. Tnh cht ha hc: l kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn st - Tc dng vi phi kim ( S, O, Cl) hp cht crom (III) - Tc dng vi axit: + HCl v H2SO4 long crom (II) + HNO3, H2SO4 c crom (III) Lu : Al, Cr, Fe, Au, Pt khng tc dng vi H2SO4 c ngui; HNO3 c, ngui. - Khng tc dng vi nc. - Tc dng vi dung dch mui 4. Hp cht ca crom - Hp cht crom (III): Cr2O3, Cr(OH)3 (tnh lng tnh); Cr3+ (tnh oxi ho trong mi trng axit v tnh kh trong mi trng baz)

 - Hp cht crom (VI): CrO3 (oxit axit v c tnh oxi ho mnh); CrO 2 v Cr2O 2 (tnh oxi ho mnh); 4 7

- Cn bng chuyn ho gia hai dng CrO 4 v Cr2O 7 .

2 2CrO4 Cr 2 O72 + H 2O + 2H + (mu da cam) (mu vng) 2 2 + Khi thm axit vo: mui cromat CrO 4 (mu vng) s to thnh mui icromat Cr2O 7 (mu da cam)

+ Khi thm baz vo: mui icromat Cr2O 2 (mu da cam) s to thnh mui cromat CrO 2 (mu vng) 7 4

B. CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cr3+ l: A. [Ar]3d5. B. [Ar]3d4. C. [Ar]3d3. D. [Ar]3d2. Cu 2: Cc s oxi ho c trng ca crom l: A. +2; +4, +6. B. +2, +3, +6. C. +1, +2, +4, +6. D. +3, +4, +6. Cu 3: Nh t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch K2CrO4 th mu ca dung dch chuyn t A. khng mu sang mu vng. B. mu da cam sang mu vng. C. khng mu sang mu da cam. D. mu vng sang mu da cam. Cu 4: Oxit lng tnh l A. Cr2O3. B. MgO. C. CrO. D. CaO. Cu 5: Cho phan ng : NaCrO2 + Br2 + NaOH Na2CrO4 + NaBr + H2O Khi cn bng phan ng trn, h s cua NaCrO2 la A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 6: Cp kim loai no sau y bn trong khng khi va nc do co mang oxit bao v? A. Fe va Al. B. Fe va Cr. C. Mn va Cr. D. Al va Cr. Cu 7: Khi so snh trong cng mt iu kin th Cr l kim loi c tnh kh mnh hn A. Fe. B. K. C. Na. D. Ca. Cu 8: Khi lung K2Cr2O7 cn dng oxi ho ht 0,6 mol FeSO4 trong dung dch c H2SO4 long lm mi trng l (Cho O = 16, K = 39, Cr = 52) A. 29,4 gam B. 59,2 gam. C. 24,9 gam. D. 29,6 gam Cu 9: Mun iu ch 6,72 lit khi clo (kc) thi khi lung K2Cr2O7 ti thiu cn dng tac dung vi dung dch HCl c, d la (Cho O = 16, K = 39, Cr = 52) A. 29,4 gam B. 27,4 gam. C. 24,9 gam. D. 26,4 gam Cu 10: Khi lng bt nhm cn dung thu c 78 gam crom t Cr2O3 bng phan ng nhit nhm (gia s hiu sut phan ng la 100%) la A. 13,5 gam B. 27,0 gam. C. 54,0 gam. D. 40,5 gam Cu 11: Cho 13,5 gam hn hp cc kim loi Al, Cr, Fe tc dng vi lng d dung dch H2SO4 long nng (trong iu kin khng c khng kh), thu c dung dch X v 7,84 lt kh H2 ( ktc). C cn dung dch X (trong iu kin khng c khng kh) c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 42,6. B. 45,5. C. 48,8. D. 47,1. Cu 12: Cho 100 gam hp kim ca Fe, Cr, Al tc dng vi dd NaOH d thot ra 5,04 lt kh (ktc) v mt phn rn khng tan. Lc ly phn khng tan em ha tan ht bng dd HCl d (khong c khng kh) thot ra 38,8lt kh (ktc).Thnh phn % khi lng cc cht trong hp kim l bao nhiu? A. 13,66% Al; 82,29Fe v 4,05%Cr B. 4,05% Al; 83,66Fe v 12,29%Cr C. 4,05% Al; 82,29Fe v 13,66%Cr D. 4,05% Al; 13,66Fe v 82,29%Cr

Cu 13: t chy bt crom trong oxi d thu c 2,28g mt oxit duy nht. Khi lng crom b t chy l bao nhiu gam? A.0,78g B. 1,56g C. 1,74g D. 1,19g Cu 14: Ha tan ht 1,08 gam hn hp Cr v Fe trong dd HCl long, nng thu c 448 ml (ktc) . Khi lng crom c trong hn hp l bao nhiu gam? A. 0,065g B. 0,520g C. 0,56g D. 1,015g Cu 15: Thm 0,02 mol NaOH vo dd cha 0,01 mol CrCl3 ri trong khng kh n phn ng hon ton th khi lng kt ta cui cng thu c l bao nhiu gam? A. 0,86g B. 1,03g C. 1,72g D. 2,06g Cu 16: Hin tng no di y c m t khng ng? A. Thm lng d NaOH vo dd K2Cr2O7 th dd chuyn t mu da cam sang mu vng. B. Thm lng d NaOH v Cl2 vo dd CrCl2 th dd t mu xanh chuyn thnh mu vng. C. Thm t t dd NaOH vo dd CrCl3 thy xut hin kt ta vng nu tan li c trong dd NaOH d. D. Thm t t dd HCl vo dd Na[Cr(OH)4] thy xut hin kt ta lc xm, sau li tan. Cu 17: Cho phng trnh ho hc: 2Cr + 3Sn2+ 2Cr3+ + 3Sn. Cu no sau y din t ng vai tr ca cc cht ? A. Cr l cht oxi ho, Sn2+ l cht kh B. Cr l cht kh, Sn2+ l oxi ho C. Sn2+ l cht kh, Cr3+ l cht oxi ho D. Cr2+ l cht kh, Sn2+ l cht oxi ho BI 35: NG V HP CHT CA NGA. NI DUNG L THUYT 1. Tnh cht ha hc: (l kim loi km hot ng, tnh kh yu) - Tc dng vi phi kim + nhit thng: tc dng vi Cl2, Br2 Cu + Cl2 CuCl2 Cu + F2 CuF2 + nhit cao: tc dng vi O2, S t0 2Cu + O2 2CuO Cu + S CuS - Tc dng vi axit + Vi dd HCl, H2SO4 long: Cu khng tc dng + Vi dd HNO3, H2SO4 c: t0 Cu + 4 HNO3 a c Cu ( NO3 ) 2 + 2 NO2 + 2 H 2O
t 3Cu + 8 HNO3 loa ng 3Cu ( NO3 ) 2 + 2 NO + 4 H 2O t Cu + 2 H 2 SO4 a c CuSO4 + SO2 + 2 H 2O 2. Hp cht ca ng - ng (II) oxit CuO: + L oxit baz: CuO + H 2 SO4 CuSO4 + H 2O
0 0

t + D b H2, CO, C kh thnh Cu: CuO + H 2 Cu + H 2O - ng (II) hiroxit Cu(OH)2: + L mt baz: Cu (OH ) 2 + H 2 SO4 CuSO4 + 2 H 2O t + D b nhit phn: Cu (OH ) 2 CuO + H 2O 2+ - Mui Cu : dung dch c mu xanh B. CU HI TRC NGHIM Cu 1: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu l A. [Ar]4s13d10. B. [Ar]4s23d9. C. [Ar]3d104s1. D. [Ar]3d94s2. Cu 2: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu2+ l A. [Ar]3d7. B. [Ar]3d8. C. [Ar]3d9. D. [Ar]3d10. Cu 3: Cho Cu tc dng vi dung dch hn hp gm NaNO3 v H2SO4 long s gii phng kh no sau y? A. NO2. B. NO. C. N2O. D. NH3. Cu 4: Tng h s (cc s nguyn, ti gin) ca tt c cc cht trong phng trnh phn ng gia Cu vi dung dch HNO3 c, nng l A. 10. B. 8. C. 9. D. 11. Cu 5: C 4 dung dch mui ring bit: CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm dung dch KOH (d) vo 4 dung dch trn th s cht kt ta thu c l A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 6: Hai kim loi u phn ng vi dung dch Cu(NO3)2 gii phng kim loi Cu l A. Al v Fe. B. Fe v Au. C. Al v Ag. D. Fe v Ag. Cu 7: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng l A. Fe + Cu(NO3)2. B. Cu + AgNO3. C. Zn + Fe(NO3)2. D. Ag + Cu(NO3)2. Cu 8: Dung dch FeSO4 v dung dch CuSO4 u tc dng c vi A. Ag. B. Fe. C. Cu. D. Zn. Cu 9: Kim loi Cu phn ng c vi dung dch A. FeSO4. B. AgNO3. C. KNO3. D. HCl. Cu 10: Hai kim loi c th iu ch bng phng php nhit luyn l A. Ca v Fe. B. Mg v Zn. C. Na v Cu. D. Fe v Cu. Cu 11: Cht khng kh c st oxit ( nhit cao) l A. Cu. B. Al. C. CO. D. H2. Cu 12: Dung dch mui no sau y tc dng c vi c Ni v Pb? A. Pb(NO3)2. B. Cu(NO3)2. C. Fe(NO3)2. D. Ni(NO3)2. Cu 13: loi b kim loi Cu ra khi hn hp bt gm Ag v Cu, ngi ta ngm hn hp kim loi trn vo lng d dung dch A. AgNO3. B. HNO3. C. Cu(NO3)2. D. Fe(NO3)2. Cu 14: Tt c cc kim loi Fe, Zn, Cu, Ag u tc dng c vi dung dch A. HCl. B. H2SO4 long. C. HNO3 long. D. KOH. Cu 15: Mt kim loi phn ng vi dung dch CuSO4 to ra Cu. Kim loi l A. Fe. B. Ag. C. Cu. D. NA. Cu 16: ng (Cu) tc dng c vi dung dch A. H2SO4 c, nng. B. H2SO4 long. C. FeSO4. D. HCl.
0

Cu 17: Kim loi M phn ng c vi: dung dch HCl, dung dch Cu(NO3)2, dung dch HNO3 (c, ngui). Kim loi M l A. Al. B. Zn. C. Fe. D. Ag. Cu 18: Khi cho Cu tc dng vi dung dch cha H2SO4 long v NaNO3, vai tr ca NaNO3 trong phn ng l A. cht xc tC. B. cht oxi ho. C. mi trng. D. cht kh. Cu 19: Trng hp xy ra phn ng l A. Cu + Pb(NO3)2 (long) B. Cu + HCl (long) C. Cu + HCl (long) + O2 D. Cu + H2SO4 (long) Cu 20: Hp cht no sau y khng c tnh lng tnh? A. ZnO. B. Zn(OH)2. C. ZnSO4. D. Zn(HCO3)2. Cu 21: Cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch mui sunfat ca mt kim loi c ho tr II thy sinh ra kt ta tan trong dung dch NaOH d. Mui sunfat l mui no sau y? A. MgSO4. B. CaSO4. C. MnSO4. D. ZnSO4. Cu 22: Dy no sau y sp xp cc kim loi ng theo th t tnh kh tng dn? A. Pb, Ni, Sn, Zn. B. Pb, Sn, Ni, Zn. C. Ni, Sn, Zn, Pb. D. Ni, Zn, Pb, Sn. Cu 23: St ty l st c ph ln b mt bi kim loi no sau y? A. Zn. B. Ni. C. Sn. D. Cr. Cu 24: Cho 19,2 gam kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c 4,48 lt kh duy nht NO (ktc). Kim loi M l A. Mg. B. Cu. C. Fe. D. Zn. Cu 25: Cp cht khng xy ra phn ng ho hc l A. Cu + dung dch FeCl3. B. Fe + dung dch HCl. C. Fe + dung dch FeCl3. D. Cu + dung dch FeCl2. Cu 26: Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l A. Al v Mg. B. Na v Fe. C. Cu v Ag. D. Mg v Zn. Cu 27: Cho 7,68 gam Cu tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO3 long thy c kh NO thot ra. Khi lng mui nitrat sinh ra trong dung dch l A. 21, 56 gam. B. 21,65 gam. C. 22,56 gam. D. 22,65 gam. Cu 28: t 12,8 gam Cu trong khng kh. Ho tan cht rn thu c vo dung dch HNO3 0,5M thy thot ra 448 ml kh NO duy nht (ktc). Th tch ti thiu dung dch HNO3 cn dng ho tan cht rn l A. 0,84 lt. B. 0,48 lt. C. 0,16 lt. D. 0,42 lt. Cu 29: Cho 10g hn hp gm Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d ). Sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh Hidro ( ktc ), dung dch X v m (gam) cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l A. 6,4 B. 4,4 C. 5.6 D. 3,4 Cu 30: Khi cho 12 gam hn hp Fe v Cu tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d) th tch H2 sinh ra l 2,24 lt ( ktc).Phn kim loi khng tan c khi lng l A. 6,4g B. 3,2g C. 5,6g D. 2,8g Cu 31: ng (Cu) tc dng c vi dung dch A. HCl B. H2SO4 long C. H2SO4 c nng D. FeSO4 Cu 32: Tnh th tch kh SO2 sinh ra ( ktc) khi cho 6,4gam Cu phn ng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng l (O=16, S=32, Cu=64) A. 2,24 l B. 4,48 l C. 6,72 l D. 1,12 l Cu 33: Trong qu trnh in phn dung dch CuCl2 vi in cc tr A. ion Cu2+ nhn electron catot B. ion Cu2+ nhng electron anot

C. ion Cl- nhng electron catot D. ion Cl- nhn electron anot Cu 34: Th tch kh NO2 (gi s l kh duy nht ktc) sinh ra khi cho 6,4 gam Cu phn ng vi axit HNO3 c (d) l (cho N=14, O=16, Cu=64) A. 2,24 l B. 4,48 l C. 6,72 l D. 1,12 l Cu 35: nhit cao CuO khng phn ng c vi cht no A. Ag B. H2 C. Al D. CO Cu 36: Dung dch CuSO4 phn ng c vi: A. Mg, Al, Ag B. Fe, Mg, Na C. Ba, Zn, Hg D. Na, Hg, Ni Cu 37: Nhng thanh Cu (d) vo dung dch FeCl3, thy A. B mt thanh kim loi c mu trng B. Dung dch c mu vng nu C. Mu dung dch chuyn t vng nu chuyn sang xanh D. Khi lng thanh kim loi tng Cu 38: Dung dch FeSO4 c ln tp cht CuSO4, c th dng cht no di y c th loi b c tp cht. A. Bt Fe d B. Bt Cu d C. Bt Al d D. Na d Cu 39: Cho bn dung dch mui: Fe(NO3)2 , Cu(NO3)2 , AgNO3 , Pb(NO3)2. Kim loi no di y tc dng c vi c bn dung dch mui trn? A. Zn B. Fe C. Cu D. Pb Cu 40: Nhng thanh Fe vo 200ml dung dch CuSO4 0,1M. Sau khi mu xanh ca dung dch mt, ly Fe ra (gi s ton b Cu sinh ra bm ht vo thanh Fe) thy khi lng thanh Fe A. Tng 1,28g B. Tng 1,6g C. Tng 0,16g D. Gim 1,12g Cu 41: Cho Cu vo tng dung dch sau: HCl (1), HNO3 (2), AgNO3 (3), Fe(NO3)2 (4), Fe(NO3)3 (5), Na2S (6). Cu phn ng c vi dung dch A. 2, 3, 5, 6. B. 2, 3, 5. C. 1, 2, 3. D. 2, 3. Chng 8: NHN BIT CC ION TRONG DUNG DCH I. NHN BIT MT S ION TRONG DUNG DCH Cu 1: C 3 dung dch, mi dung dch cha 1 cation: Na+, NH4+, Al3+. Cht dng nhn bit l: A. dd NaOH. B. dd NaCl. C. dd Na2SO4. D. dd NaNO3. Cu 2: C 4 dung dch, mi dung dch cha 1 cation: Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Al3+. Cht dng nhn bit l: A. dd NaOH. B. dd NaCl. C. dd Na2SO4. D. dd NaNO3. Cu 3: C 3 dd, mi dd cha 1 anion sau: Cl-, NO3-. Cht dung nhn bit l A. dd NaOH. B. dd NaCl trong mi trng axit. C. dd BaCl2 trong mi trng axit. D. dd AgNO3. Cu 4: phn bit dung dch Cr2(SO4)3 v dung dch FeCl2 ngi ta dng lng d dung dch: A. K2SO4. B. KNO3. C. NaNO3. D. NaOH Cu 5: nhn bit ion NO3- ngi ta thng dng Cu v dung dch H2SO4 long v un nng, bi v: A. to ra kh c mu nu. B. to ra dung dch c mu vng.

C. to ra kt ta c mu vng. D. to ra kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh. Cu 6: C 5 dung dch ring r, mi dung dch cha 1 cation sau: NH4+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Al3+. Ha cht nhn bit 5 dung dch trn l? A. NaOH B. Na2SO4 C. HCl D. H2SO4 Cu 7: C cc ion trong cc l mt nhn sau: Na+, Ba2+, NH4+, Al3+, Cu2+, Fe3+. Nu dng dd NaOH nhn bit th s ion nhn bit c l : A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 8: C 3 dd, mi dd cha 1 anion: CO32-, SO42- v OH-. Cht dng nhn bit l A. dd NaOH. B. dd NaCl trong mi trng axit. C. dd BaCl2 trong mi trng axit. D. dd NaNO3. 2Cu 9: C cc ion ng trong cc l mt nhn sau , CO3 , SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, OH-. Nu dung dd BaCl2, trong mi trng axit th s ion nhn bit c l : A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 2Cu 10: nhn bit ion CO3 c trong mui Na2CO3 , ngi ta tin hnh th nghim sau : nh t t tng git dd HCl vo .Quan st hin tng thy c : A. si bt kh CO2. B. khng si bt kh, to kt ta. C. khng si bt kh lc u ,lc sau c kh CO2 bay ra. D. si bt kh. Cu 11: Khi nhn bit cation Fe2+ bng dd NaOH .Quan st th nghim thy c A. kt ta xanh xut hin, ri bin mt. B. kt ta trng hi xanh , ri m dn. C. kt ta trng hi xanh, ri chuyn dn sang nu . D. hin tng th nghim khng quan st c. Cu 12: C 4 dung dch l: NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, Na2CO3. Ch dng mt ha cht nhn bit th dng cht no trong s cc cht cho di y? A. Dung dch HNO3. B. Dung dch KOH. C. Dung dch BaCl2.D. Dung dch NaCl. Cu 13: C 5 dung dch ring r, mi dung dch cha mt cation sau y: NH4+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Al3+ (nng khong 0,1M). Dng dung dch NaOH cho ln lt vo tng dung dch trn, c th nhn bit ti a c my dung dch? A. 2 dung dch. B. 3 dung dch. C. 1 dung dch. D. 5 dung dch. Cu 14: C 5 l cha ho cht mt nhn, mi l ng mt trong cc dung dch cha cation sau (nng mi dung dch khong 0,01M): Fe2+, Cu2+, Ag+, Al3+, Fe3+. Ch dng mt dung dch thuc th KOH c th nhn bit c ti a my dung dch? A. 2. B. 3 C. 1 D. 5 Cu 15: C 5 dung dch ho cht khng nhn, mi dung dch nng khong 0,1M ca mt trong cc mui sau: KCl, Ba(HCO3)2, K2CO3, K2S, K2SO3. Ch dng mt dung dch thuc th l dung dch H2SO4 long nh trc tip vo mi dung dch th c th phn bit ti a my dung dch? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3 D. 5. Cu 16: C cc l dung dch ho cht khng nhn, mi l ng dung dch khng mu ca cc mui sau: Na2SO4, Na3PO4, Na2CO3, Na2S, Na2SO3. Ch dng thuc th l dung dch H2SO4 long nh trc tip vo mi dung dch th c th c cc dung dch A. Na2CO3, Na2S, Na2SO3. B. Na2CO3, Na2S. C. Na3PO4, Na2CO3, Na2S. D. Na2SO4, Na3PO4, Na2CO3, Na2S, Na2SO3. Cu 18: C cc dung dch khng mu ng trong cc l ring bit, khng dn nhn: ZnSO4, Mg(NO3)2, Al(NO3)3. phn bit cc dung dch trn, c th dng A. qu tm. B. Dung dch NaOH. C. dung dch Ba(OH)2. D. dung dch BaCl2.. Cu 19 : phn bit cc dung dch ng trong cc l ring bit, khng dn nhn: MgCl2, ZnCl2, AlCl3, FeCl2, KCl bng phng php ha hc, c th dng A. dd NaOH. B. dd NH3. C. dd Na2CO3. D. qu tm.

Cu 20 : nhn bit cc dung dch: ZnCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2 v AlCl3 ng trong cc l ring bit c th dng A. dd NaOH v dd NH3. B. qu tm. C. dd NaOH v dd Na2CO3. D. natri kim loi. Cu 21: nhn bit cc dung dch long: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 c th dung thuc th no sau y? A. dd Ba(OH)2 v bt ng kim loi. B. Kim loi st v ng. C. dd Ca(OH)2. D. Kim loi nhm v st. Cu 22: Ch dng dung dch KOH phn bit c cc cht ring bit trong nhm no sau y? A. Zn, Al2O3, Al. B. Mg, K, Na. C. Mg, Al2O3, Al. D. Fe, Al2O3, Mg. Cu 23: C 4 mu kim loi l Na, Ca, Al, Fe. Ch dng thm nc lm thuc th thi nhn bit c ti a A. 2 cht. B. 3 cht. C. 1 cht. D. 4 cht. II. NHN BIT MT S CHT KH: Cu 24: Sc mt kh vo nc brom, thy nc brom b nht mu. Kh l A. CO2. B. CO. C. HCl. D. SO2. Cu 25: Kh no sau c trong khng kh lm cho cc dng bng bc lu ngy b xm en? A. CO2. B. O2. D. SO2. Cu 27: phn bit CO2 v SO2 ch cn dng thuc th l A. dung dch Ba(OH)2. B. CaO. C. dung dch NaOH. D. nc brom. Cu 28: Phn bit cc kh CO, CO2, O2 v SO2 c th dng A. tn m chy d, nc vi trong v nc brom. B. tn m chy d, nc vi trong v dung dch K2CO3. C. dung dch Na2CO3 v nc brom. D. tn m chy d v nc brom. Cu 29: Phng th nghim b nhim bi kh clo. Dng cht no sau y c th kh c clo mt cch tng i an ton ? A. dd NaOH long. B. dng kh NH3 hoc dd NH3. C. dng kh H2S. D. dng kh CO2.

C. H2S.

Chng 9: HA HC V VN KINH T, X HI, MI TRNG Cu 1: Hi thu ngn rt c, bi vy khi lm v nhit k thu ngn th cht bt c dng rc ln thu ngn ri gom li l A. vi sng. B. ct. C. lu hunh. D. mui n. Cu 2: Hin tng tri t nng ln do hiu ng nh knh ch yu l do cht no sau y? A. Kh cacbonic. B. Kh clo. C. Kh hidroclorua. D. Kh cacbon oxit. Cu 3: T l s ngi cht v bnh phi do ht thuc l gp hng chc ln s ngi khng ht thuc l. Cht gy nghin v gy ung th c trong thuc l l A. nicotin. B. aspirin. C. cafein. D. moocphin. Cu 4: Tc nhn ch yu gy ma axit l A. CO v CH4. B. CH4 v NH3. C. SO2 v NO2. D. CO v CO2. Cu 5: Khng kh trong phng th nghim b nhim bn bi kh clo. kh c, c th xt vo khng kh dung dch no sau y? A. Dung dch HCl. B. Dung dch NH3.

C. Dung dch H2SO4. D. Dung dch NaCl. Cu 6: Dn khng kh b nhim i qua giy lc tm dung dch Pb(NO3)2 thy dung dch xut hin mu en. Khng kh b nhim bn kh no sau y? A. Cl2. B. H2S. C. SO2. D. NO2. Cu 7: Dy gm cc cht v thuc u c th gy nghin cho con ngi l A. penixilin, paradol, cocain. B. heroin, seduxen, erythromixin C. cocain, seduxen, cafein. D. ampixilin, erythromixin, cafein. Cu 9: Phng th nghim b nhim bi kh Clo. Dng cht no sau y c th kh c Clo mt cch tng i an ton? A. Dung dch NaOH lon B. Dng kh NH3 hoc dung dch NH3 C. Dng kh H2S D. Dng kh CO2 2+ 2+ 3+ 2+ 2+ Cu 10: Sau tit thc hnh ha hc, trong nc thi phng thc hnh c cha cc ion: Cu , Zn , Fe , Pb , Hg ,... Dng cht no sau y c th x l s b nc thi nu trn ? A. Nc vi d. B. dd HNO3 long d. C. Gim n d . D. Etanol d. Cu 15: Mt cht c cha nguyn t oxi, dng lm sch nc v c tc dng bo v cc sinh vt trn tri t khng b bc x cc tm. Cht ny l A. ozon B. oxi C. lu hunh ioxit D. cacbon ioxit Cu 16: Ngi ta x l nc bng nhiu cch khc nhau, trong c th thm clo v phn kp nhm kali K 2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O. V sao phi thm phn kp nhm kali vo nc ? A. lm nc trong B. kh trng nc C. loi b lng d ion florua D. loi b cc rong, to. Cu 17: nh gi nhim bn khng kh ca mt nh my, ngi ta tin hnh nh sau: Ly 2 lit khng kh ri dn qua dung dch Pb(NO 3)2 d th thu c 0,3585 mg cht kt ta mu en. (hiu sut phn ng 100%). Hin tng cho bit trong khng kh c kh no trong cc kh sau ? Tnh hm lng kh trong khng kh ? A. SO2 ; 0,0255 mg/lit B. H2S ; 0,0255 mg/lit C. CO2 ; 0,0100 mg/lit D. NO2 ; 0,0100 mg/lit