QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA QCVN 01-132:2013/BNNPTNT

I VI RAU, QU, CH BP TI IU KIN BO M AN TON THC PHM TRONG QU TRNH SN XUT, S CH National Technical Regulation on Fresh Vegetable, Fruit and Tea - Conditions for Ensuring Food Safety in Production and Packing Li ni u QCVN 01-132:2013/BNNPTNT do Ban son tho Quy chun k thut quc gia i vi rau, qu, ch bp ti iu kin bo m an ton thc phm trong qu trnh sn xut, s ch - Cc Trng trt bin son, V Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng trnh duyt, B Nng nghip v Pht trin Nng thn ban hnh ti Thng t s 07 /2013/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 22 thng 01 nm 2013.

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

I VI RAU, QU, CH BP TI IU KIN BO M AN TON THC PHM TRONG QU TRNH SN XUT, S CH National Technical Regulation on Fresh Vegetable, Fruit and Tea - Conditions for Ensuring Food Safety in Production and Packing I. QUY NH CHUNG 1.1. Phm vi iu chnh Quy chun ny qui nh cc iu kin bo m an ton thc phm i vi rau, qu, ch bp ti trong qu trnh sn xut, s ch. 1.2. i tng p dng 1.2.1. C s sn xut ch bp ti, c s sn xut v/hoc s ch rau, qu ti (gi l c s sn xut, s ch), tr c s sn xut nh l theo quy nh ca php lut. 1.2.2. T chc, c nhn c lin quan. 1.3. Gii thch t ng Trong Quy chun ny, cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau: 1.3.1. Rau (bao gm c nm), qu, ch bp ti l sn phm rau, qu, ch bp trong qu trnh sn xut, s ch (cha qua ch bin nhit hoc ng lnh); 1.3.2. Rau n sng l rau ti c s dng lm thc phm n sng khng qua nu chn; 1.3.3. Rau mm l rau trng trn gi th hoc ngm trong iu kin thch hp (gi ), thu hoch lc cn non, ch c l mm v/hoc c l tht mi pht sinh; 1.3.4. S ch rau, qu l vic ct, ta, phn loi, lm sch, ng gi rau, qu ti sau khi thu hoch. 1.3.5. Rau, qu, ch bp ti iu kin bo m an ton thc phm trong sn xut, s ch (gi tt l rau, qu, ch bp ti an ton) l sn phm c sn xut, s ch ph hp vi cc iu kin bo m an ton thc phm quy nh ti mc 2.1, 2.2 v 2.3 ca Quy chun k thut ny. 1.3.6. Mi nguy v an ton thc phm l nhng yu t ha hc, sinh hc, vt l c kh nng gy nhim cho sn phm rau, qu, ch bp ti v gy hi cho sc khe con ngi khi s dng. 1.4. Ti liu vin dn

1.4.1. QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v gii hn cho php ca kim loi nng trong t. 1.4.2. QCVN 02:2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot. 1.4.3. QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia i vi gii hn nhim kim loi nng trong thc phm. 1.4.4. QCVN 8-3:2012/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia i vi nhim vi sinh vt trong thc phm. 1.4.5. QCVN 01:2011/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nh tiu iu kin bo m hp v sinh. 1.4.6. Quyt nh s 46/2007/Q-BYT ngy 19/12/2007 ca B Y t quy nh v gii hn ti a nhim sinh hc v ha hc trong thc phm. 1.4.7. Thng t s 68/2010/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 03 thng 12 nm 2010 Ban hnh Danh mc ch tiu, mc gii hn cho php v an ton v sinh thc phm i vi mt s sn phm thc phm c ngun gc thc vt nhp khu, sn xut lu thng trong nc thuc phm vi qun l ca B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn. 1.4.8. QCVN 39:2011/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc dng cho ti tiu. 1.4.9. TCVN 9016 :2011 Rau tiPhng php ly mu trn rung sn xut. 1.4.10. TCVN 9017:2011 Qu ti-Phng php ly mu trn vn sn xut. 1.4.11. TCVN 5102 - 1990 (ISO 874 - 1980) Rau, qu ti - ly mu. 1.4.12. QCVN 0128:2010/BNNPTNT Ch Quy trnh ly mu kim tra cht lng, an ton thc phm. 1.4.13. QCVN 12-1:2011/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v an ton v sinh i vi bao b, dng c tip xc trc tip vi thc phm bng nha tng hp. 1.4.14. QCVN 12-2:2011/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v an ton v sinh i vi bao b, dng c tip xc trc tip vi thc phm bng cao su. 1.4.15. QCVN 12-3:2011/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v an ton v sinh i vi bao b, dng c tip xc trc tip vi thc phm bng kim loi. 1.4.16. Thng t s 55/2012/TT-BNNPTNT ngy 31 thng 10 nm 2012 ca B trng B Nng nghip v PTNT hng dn th tc ch nh t chc chng nhn hp quy v cng b hp quy thuc phm vi qun l ca B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn (Thng t s 55/2012/TTBNNPTNT). II. QUY NH K THUT 2.1. C s sn xut rau, qu, ch bp ti an ton 2.1.1. iu kin v a im, c s vt cht v nhn lc 2.1.1.1. a im sn xut a) Khng tri vi quy hoch sn xut nng nghip ca a phng (tr rau mm v nm). b) Khng b nh hng bi cc yu t gy nhim sn phm nh: mi, khi, bi, cht thi, ha cht c hi t hot ng giao thng vn ti, cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip v lng ngh, sinh hot khu dn c, bnh vin, khu chn nui, c s git m, ngha trang. 2.1.1.2. ng dn n a im sn xut v ng ni ng p ng vic i li, vn chuyn vt t, sn phm v khng gy nhim cho qu trnh sn xut. 2.1.1.3. Ni bo qun, x l phn bn, tn d thc vt v ni cha thuc bo v thc vt, dng c pha, bnh bm c che nng ma, cch ly vi khu vc cha sn phm, ngun nc ti.

i vi ni cha thuc bo v thc vt phi c kho cn thn, khng thuc bo v thc vt dng lng pha trn thuc dng bt. 2.1.1.4. C b hoc dng c cha v bao b thuc bo v thc vt. B hoc dng c cha phi c y, mi che, m bo khng cho thuc bo v thc vt cn tn d pht tn ra bn ngoi. 2.1.1.5. i vi rau mm: ni sn xut c mi che; khng sn xut trc tip trn nn t, c bin php phng tr cn trng v ng vt gy hi. 2.1.1.6. t canh tc v gi th a) Hm lng cc kim loi nng trong t, gi th khng vt qu gi tr quy nh ti Ph lc 1 ca Quy chun ny. b) Trng hp t c cha kim loi nng vt gi tr ti a cho php th phi c bin php ci to t hoc la chn loi cy trng, bin php canh tc ph hp v phn tch mu sn phm; nu mc nhim ca sn phm trong gii hn cho php th c chp nhn iu kin sn xut i vi loi cy trng c ly mu phn tch. 2.1.1.7. Nc ti a) Hm lng cc kim loi nng, vi sinh vt gy hi trong nc ti khng vt qu gi tr quy nh ti Ph lc 2 ca Quy chun ny. b) Trng hp nc c cha kim loi nng, vi sinh vt gy hi vt gi tr ti a cho php th phi c bin php ci to nc ti hoc la chn loi cy trng, bin php canh tc ph hp v phn tch mu sn phm; nu mc nhim ca sn phm trong gii hn cho php th c chp nhn iu kin sn xut i vi loi cy trng c ly mu phn tch. c) i vi sn xut rau mm, nc ti phi t cht lng nc sinh hot theo QCVN 02:2009/BYT ca B Y t. 2.1.1.8. C quy nh v v sinh c nhn trong khu vc sn xut; trng hp c nh v sinh trong khu vc sn xut th phi p ng yu cu v sinh theo QCVN 01:2011/BYT ngy 24/6/2011 ca B Y t. 2.1.1.9. Yu cu v lao ng Ch c s v ngi lao ng trc tip c Chng ch tp hun v an ton thc phm trong sn xut rau, qu, ch bp ti do c s c S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn giao nhim v hoc c s c chc nng, nhim v o to, tp hun cp. 2.1.2. iu kin trong qu trnh sn xut 2.1.2.1. Ging, gc ghp a) S dng ging c trong Danh mc ging cy trng c php sn xut, kinh doanh do B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn ban hnh, ang c hiu lc hoc ging a phng, ging cy trng bn a c sn xut, tiu dng, khng gy c cho ngi. b) Ht ging, cy ging, gc ghp s dng c ngun gc r rng. 2.1.2.2. Phn bn a) S dng phn bn c tn trong Danh mc phn bn c php sn xut, kinh doanh v s dng Vit Nam do B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn ban hnh, ang c hiu lc. b) Phn bn s dng c ngun gc r rng. c) Khng c s dng trc tip phn ti (cht thi ca ngi, ng vt). Trng hp s dng cc loi phn ny phi c x l hoai mc v m bo v sinh mi trng. d) Cc dng c, ni phi trn v lu gi phn bn sau khi s dng c v sinh thng xuyn. 2.1.2.3. Thuc bo v thc vt v ha cht khc

a) S dng thuc bo v thc vt c trong Danh mc thuc bo v thc vt c php s dng Vit Nam do B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn ban hnh, ang c hiu lc. b) Dng c pha, bnh bm phun thuc bo m an ton v c v sinh thng xuyn. c) Phi mua thuc bo v thc vt t cc ca hng c php kinh doanh thuc bo v thc vt. d) S dng thuc bo v thc vt theo nguyn tc 4 ng: ng thuc; ng nng , liu lng; ng lc; ng cch. ) Thuc bo v thc vt phi gi nguyn trong bao b, thng cha chuyn dng vi nhn mc r rng. Nu i sang bao b, thng cha khc, phi ghi r y tn ha cht, hng dn s dng nh bao b, thng cha ha cht gc. e) Thuc bo v thc vt ht hn s dng phi ghi chp, k hiu theo di v lu gi ti ni an ton cho n khi x l theo qui nh ca nh nc. f) Cc loi nhin liu, xng, du v ha cht khc cn c lu tr ring nhm m bo an ton v hn ch nguy c gy nhim 2.1.2.4. Thu hoch a) Dng c thu hoch, bao b tip xc trc tip vi sn phm phi ph hp quy nh ti QCVN 12-1:2011/BYT, QCVN 12-2:2011/BYT v QCVN 12-3:2011/BYT ca B Y t. b) Thit b, dng c thu hoch phi m bo chc chn v v sinh sch s trc v sau khi s dng. c) Thu hoch sn phm ng thi gian cch ly theo hng dn s dng thuc bo v thc vt v phn bn. d) Sn phm sau thu hoch khng c tip xc trc tip vi t. ) Phng tin vn chuyn cn c lm sch trc khi vn chuyn sn phm. Khng vn chuyn sn phm chung vi cc hng ha c nguy c gy nhim. 2.1.2.5. Chn th vt nui Khng th rng vt nui trong vng sn xut. Nu chn nui th phi c chung tri v bin php x l cht thi m bo khng gy nhim cho khu vc sn xut v sn phm sau thu hoch. 2.1.2.6. X l cht thi a) V bao b thuc bo v thc vt c thu gom thng xuyn, x l, tiu hy theo quy nh Nh nc. b) Cc cht thi khc trong qu trnh sn xut phi c thu gom, a ra khi khu vc sn xut hoc x l thng xuyn, gim thiu nguy c nhim khu vc sn xut, ngun nc v sn phm. 2.1.2.7. Quy trnh sn xut C quy trnh sn xut vi cc bin php k thut c th ph hp vi tng loi, nhm cy trng v cc quy nh ti quy chun k thut ny. 2.1.2.8. H s lu tr Thng tin cn ghi chp v lu gi ti thiu 01 nm, tnh t ngy thu hoch truy xut ngun gc gm: a) Ging, gc ghp: tn ging, ni sn xut, ho cht x l v mc ch x l (nu c). b) Phn bn: tn phn bn, ni sn xut, thi gian s dng, liu lng, phng php bn, thi gian cch ly.

c) Thuc bo v thc vt: tn dch hi, tn thuc, ni mua, thi gian s dng, nng , liu lng, dng c phun, ngi phun thuc, thi gian cch ly. d) Sn phm: tn sn phm, ngy thu hoch, m s l, khi lng, tn v a ch khch hng. 2.1.2.9. Kim sot, nh gi C s sn xut phi c quy nh ni b, trong phn cng r trch nhim duy tr cc iu kin bo m an ton thc phm trong qu trnh sn xut, thc hin nh gi v lp bo co nh gi ni b t nht mi nm mt ln. 2.2. C s s ch rau, qu ti an ton 2.2.1. iu kin v a im, c s vt cht, nhn lc 2.2.1.1. a im a) B tr v tr thun tin v giao thng, c kh nng thot nc tt. b) Khng b nh hng bi cc cc ngun gy nhim: khi, bi, cht c hi t hot ng cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip v lng ngh, sinh hot khu dn c, bnh vin, khu chn nui, c s git m, ngha trang hoc cc khu vc nhim khc. 2.2.1.2. Nh xng a) Din tch ph hp vi nhu cu v cng sut ca c s. b) Khu vc s ch phi c b tr theo nguyn tc mt chiu t nguyn liu u vo n sn phm cui cng trnh ly nhim cho. c) Sn nh: C b mt cng, bn vng, lm bng cc vt liu khng thm nc, khng trn, d lm v sinh v khng ng nc. d) Tng nh: kn, khng ngm nc, d lm v sinh, trnh s xm nhp ca ng vt gy hi. ) Mi v trn nh: kn, khng thm dt, hn ch tch t v ri vi bi bn. e) Ca ra vo v ca s: kn, d dng lm v sinh, kh trng. f) Khu vc s ch phi m bo nh sng. n chiu sng c lp t chp bo v an ton. 2.2.1.3. Nc a) H thng cp nc, cc vt dng cha nc c lm bng cc vt liu thch hp khng gy nhim nc dng s ch. b) Nc s ch phi t tiu chun cht lng nc sinh hot theo QCVN 02/2009/BYT ngy 17/6/2009 ca B Y t. 2.2.1.4. Thu gom v x l cht thi a) C dng c thu gom, cha cht thi, rc thi m bo bn, kn, c np y. b) C h thng thot nc thi m bo v sinh v bo v mi trng. 2.2.1.5. V sinh c nhn a) C ch ra tay ph hp, c nc sch, cht ty ra, khn hoc giy lau tay. b) C nh v sinh t hoi theo QCVN 01:2011/BYT ngy 24/6/2011 ca B Y t. 2.2.1.6. Thit b, dng c s ch rau, qu a) C cc bn ra, gi rau, qu, khay ng, r r, bn s ch, bn sn phm, dng c ct ta sn phm. Ty theo yu cu s ch, c my sc -zn v cc vt dng cn thit khc. b) Cc dng c, bao b tip xc trc tip vi rau, qu ti phi lm bng vt liu p ng yu cu v an ton v sinh quy nh ti QCVN 12-1:2011/BYT, QCVN 12-2:2011/BYT v QCVN 12-

3:2011/BYT ca B Y t. Cc thit b, dng c khc phi c v sinh sch s trc v sau khi s ch. 2.2.1.7. Yu cu v lao ng nh quy nh ti mc 2.1.1.9 ca Quy chun k thut ny v c trang phc bo h lao ng ph hp cho ngi lao ng. Ch c s v ngi trc tip sn xut c Giy chng nhn sc kho do c s y t cp huyn tr ln cp. 2.2.2. iu kin trong qu trnh s ch 2.2.2.1. Rau, qu ti a vo s ch c sn xut ph hp vi cc iu kin quy nh ti mc 2.1 ca Quy chun k thut ny. 2.2.2.2. Trong qu trnh s ch, phi m bo cc yu cu: a) C bin php cch ly gia sc, gia cm, cc loi sinh vt khc vi khu vc s ch, nh bo qun sn phm; b) S ch sn phm theo nguyn tc mt chiu khng gy nhim bn; c) Ch s dng ha cht, mng sp c php s dng x l sn phm sau thu hoch; d) C cnh bo ti ni t/ s dng by phng tr dch hi (nu c dng); ) Vt liu bao gi, cha ng rau, qu phi ph hp quy nh ti QCVN 12-1:2011/BYT, QCVN 12-2:2011/BYT v QCVN 12-3:2011/BYT ca B Y t; e) Sn phm rau, qu an ton trc khi lu thng phi c bao gi, thng cha hoc dy buc bo m an ton thc phm theo quy nh; f) Cc cht thi trong qu trnh s ch phi c thu gom v x l bo m an ton thc phm, gim thiu nguy c nhim khu vc sn xut, ngun nc v sn phm. 2.2.2.3. Quy trnh s ch C cc quy trnh kim sot cht lng nguyn liu u vo, qu trnh s ch v sn phm sau s ch, ng gi m bo an ton thc phm ph hp vi quy nh ca Quy chun k thut ny. 2.2.2.4. Phng tin vn chuyn cn c lm sch trc khi vn chuyn sn phm. Khng vn chuyn sn phm chung vi cc hng ha c nguy c gy nhim. 2.2.2.5. H s lu tr Thng tin v sn phm cn ghi chp v lu gi ti thiu 01 nm, k t ngy thu hoch gm: a) Tn ho cht, mng sp, ni mua, liu lng s dng ha cht trong qu trnh s ch; b) Tn sn phm, m s l, khi lng, ngy thu hoch, tn c s sn xut, tn v a ch khch hng. 2.2.2.6. Kim sot, nh gi ni b C s s ch phi thc hin kim sot, nh gi ni b nh quy nh ti mc 2.1.2.9 ca Quy chun k thut ny. 2.3. Mc gii hn ti a cho php i vi ho cht v vi sinh vt gy hi trong rau, qu, ch bp ti 2.3.1. Mc gii hn ti a v kim loi nng trong rau, qu, ch bp ti theo quy nh ti QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT. 2.3.2. Mc gii hn ti a v vi sinh vt gy hi trong rau, qu theo quy nh ti QCVN 83:2012/BYT. 2.3.3. Mc gii hn ti a v thuc bo v thc vt v ho cht khc theo Quyt nh s 46/2007/Q-BYT; trng hp cha c quy nh trong Quyt nh s 46/2007/Q-BYT th p dng theo Thng t s 68/2010/TT-BNNPTNT. III. PHNG PHP TH

3.1. Ly mu 3.1.1. Phng php ly mu xc nh kim loi nng, vi sinh vt gy hi trong t v nc ti quy nh ti Ph lc 1, Ph lc 2 ca Quy chun ny theo theo phng php ly mu quy nh ti cc Quy chun k thut quc gia tng ng. 3.1.2. Phng php ly mu rau ti theo TCVN 9016:2011, TCVN 5102-1990. 3.1.3. Phng php ly mu qu ti theo TCVN 9017:2011, TCVN 5102-1990. 3.1.4. Phng php ly mu ch bp ti theo QCVN 01-28: 2010/BNNPTNT. 3.2. Phng php th 3.2.1. Phng php th xc nh cc ch tiu kim loi nng, vi sinh vt gy hi trong t v nc ti quy nh ti Ph lc 1, Ph lc 2 ca Quy chun ny theo phng php th i vi cc ch tiu ti cc Quy chun k thut quc gia tng ng. 3.2.2. Phng php th xc nh cc ch tiu cht lng ca nc sinh hot theo quy nh ti QCVN 02:2009/BYT. 3.2.3. Phng php th xc nh kim loi nng trong rau, qu, ch bp ti theo quy nh ti QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT. 3.2.4. Phng php th xc nh vi sinh vt gy hi trong rau, qu theo quy nh ti QCVN 83: 2012/BYT. 3.2.5. Phng php th xc nh cc ho cht khc trong rau, qu, ch bp ti u tin s dng cc TCVN, ISO, AOAC. Trng hp cha c quy nh th p dng phng php ca phng kim nghim c ch nh. 3.3. Vic ly mu do ngi ly mu c ch nh hoc c chng ch o to theo quy nh ca B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn. IV. NH GI HP QUY 4.1. Phng thc nh gi ph hp vi Quy chun k thut ny theo Phng thc 3: Th nghim mu in hnh kt hp nh gi qu trnh sn xut v/hoc s ch; gim st thng qua th nghim mu ly ti ni sn xut v/hoc s ch kt hp vi nh gi qu trnh sn xut v/hoc s ch ban hnh km theo Thng t s 55/2012/TT-BNNPTNT. 4.2. Kt qu nh gi ph hp vi Quy chun k thut ny l cn c cp Giy chng nhn v cng b sn phm rau, qu, ch bp ti an ton trong sn xut, s ch theo quy nh hin hnh. 4.3. Vic nh gi s ph hp do t chc chng nhn c ch nh thc hin hoc do c s sn xut, s ch t thc hin v gi mu in hnh n phng th nghim c ch nh phn tch cc ch tiu theo quy nh ti khon 2.3 ca Quy chun ny. V. T CHC THC HIN 5.1. B Nng nghip v PTNT giao Cc Trng trt ch tr, phi hp vi cc n v lin quan ph bin, hng dn chi tit v kim tra vic thc hin quy chun k thut ny; trnh B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn iu chnh, b sung Quy chun k thut ny khi cn thit. 5.2. Cc t chc, c nhn quy nh ti mc 1.2 ca quy chun ny thc hin chng nhn hp quy hoc t nh gi v cng b hp quy theo quy nh ti Thng t s 55/2012/TT-BNNPTNT v cc vn bn php lut hin hnh. 5.3. Trong trng hp cc vn bn php lut, tiu chun, quy chun vin dn trong quy chun ny khi c s thay i, b sung hoc c thay th th thc hin theo vn bn mi./.

PH LC 1

GI TR GII HN TI A CHO PHP CA MT S KIM LOI NNG TRONG T, GI TH TT 1 2 3 4 5 Thng s(1) Arsen (As) Cadimi (Cd) Ch (Pb) ng (Cu) Km (Zn) Gi tr gii hn (mg/kg t kh) 12 2 70 50 200

CH THCH 1: Trch t QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v gii hn cho php ca kim loi nng trong t.

PH LC 2
GI TR GII HN TI A CHO PHP CA MT S KIM LOI NNG, VI SINH VT GY HI TRONG NC TI I VI SN XUT RAU, QU TI n v TT 1 2 3 4 5 Thng s(2) Thu ngn (Hg) Cadimi (Cd) Arsen (As) Ch (Pb) Fecal. Coli mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l S vi khun/ 100ml Gi tr gii hn 0,001 0,01 0,05 0,05 200 i vi rau n ti sng Ghi ch

CH THCH 2: Trch t QCVN 39:2011/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc dng cho ti tiu.