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HONG TH HU AN
B mn Ha - i hc Nha Trang
Cu hi v Bi tp
HA PHN TCH
Chng I.
Bi tp
Nng dung dch - Pha ch dung dch
1. Tnh ng lng ca cc cht tham gia cc phn ng sau:
a) H3PO4 + 2 KOH = K2HPO4 + 2 H2O
b) B4O72- + 2 H+ + 5 H2O = 4 H3BO3
c) CaCl2 + Na2HPO4 = CaHPO4 + 2 NaCl
d) 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 2 Na3PO4 = Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 NaNO3
e) 2 MnO4- + 5 Sn2+ + 16 H+ = 2 Mn2+ + 5 Sn4+ + 8 H2O
2. Cho cc php phn tch Ca2+ v Pb2+ da trn c s cc phn ng sau:
a) Ca2+ + C2O4 2- = CaC2O4
CaC2O4(s) + 2 H+ = H2C2O4 + Ca2+
5 H2C2O4 + 2 MnO4- + 6 H+ = 10 CO2 + 2 Mn2+ + 8 H2O
Tnh ng lng ca CaCl2 v Ca3Al2O6
II.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
a) T KNO3 tinh th, hy pha ch 200 ml dung dch KNO3 c nng 15% (w/w)
v 15% (w/v).
b) c tnh khi lng ring ca cc dung dch trn.
9. a) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl 37,27% (w/w) (d =1,185 g/ml; M =36,461).
b) T dung dch HCl c ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml cc dung dch sau:
HCl 4 N; HCl 10% (w/w); HCl 10% (w/v); HCl 1:4 (v/v)
10. Hy pha ch:
a) 250 ml dung dch H3PO4 6 M t dung dch acid phosphoric c H3PO4 85% (w/w)
c khi lng ring 1,85 g/ml
b) 500 ml AgNO3 0,01 M t AgNO3 tinh th
c) 250 ml Pb(NO3)2 20% (w/w) t Pb(NO3)2 tinh th
d) 750 ml HCl 2 M t dung dch HCl 6 M
e) 5,00 lt dung dch cha 60,0 ppm Na+ t Na2SO4 tinh th (M = 142).
11. Hy pha ch:
a) 500 ml dung dch nc cha 12,0% (w/v) etanol
b) 500 g dung dch nc cha 12,0% (w/w) etanol
c) 500 ml dung dch nc cha 12,0% (v/v) etanol
Cho bit khi lng ring ca etanol nguyn cht l 0,791 g/ml
12. Tnh nng dung dch HNO3 thu c khi trn:
a) 200 g HNO3 20 % (w/w) vi 300 g HNO3 40% (w/w)
b) 200 ml HNO3 2 N vi 300 ml HNO3 4 N
13. Hy pha ch:
a) 250 ml dung dch Na2CO3 0,1 N t cht gc Na2CO3.10H2O (M = 286,141) bit
rng dung dch ny dng chun dung dch HCl theo phn ng sau:
CO3 2 + 2 H+ = CO2 + H2O
b) 500 ml dung dch K2Cr2O7 0,1 N t cht gc K2Cr2O7 (M = 294,192) bit rng
dung dch ny dng chun dung dch Fe2+ theo phn ng:
Cr2O72 + 6 Fe2+ + 14 H+ = 2 Cr3+ + 6 Fe3+ + 7 H2O
14. a) Tnh nng ng lng v nng mol ca dung dch Ba(OH) 2 bit rng
trung ha 31,76 ml dung dch ny cn dng 46,25 ml HCl 0,1280 N.
b) T dung dch Ba(OH)2 ni trn hy pha ch 100 mL dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,1 N.
15. Cn 0,8040 g mt mu qung st ri ha tan hon ton vo dung dch H 2SO4 long,
d. St c kh v dng Fe2+ ri chun bng dung dch KMnO4 0,1120 N th tiu
tn 47,2 ml. Hy tnh hm lng st trong mu qung trn theo:
a) %Fe
b) %Fe 3O4
Cho: Fe = 55,85; Fe3O4 = 231,5
16. Cn 0,4750 g mt mu mui (NH4)2SO4 khng tinh khit ha tan vo nc ct ri
kim ha dung dch bng NaOH. Kh ammoniac c chng ct li cun hi nc
ri cho hp th vo 50,0 ml dung dch HCl 0,1000 N. Lng HCl cn d c trung
ha va bng 11,10 ml NaOH 0,1210 N.
Hy tnh kt qu phn tch theo:
a) %NH3
b) %(NH 4)2SO4
Cho: (NH4)2SO4 = 132,1; NH3 = 17,03
Tnh pH ca cc dung dch acid baz
1. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau:
a) HCl 2.10- 3 M;
b) KOH 2.10- 5 M;
c) Ba(OH)2 10 2 M
C
CH
OH
NH 2
8. Cn thm bao nhiu gam NH4Cl vo 250 ml dung dch NH4OH 0,300 M thu c
dung dch m c pH = 9? Cho bit pKNH4OH = 4,75
9.
a) Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 80 ml NaOH 0,04 M v 20 ml HCOOH 0,10 M.
b) Cn thm bao nhiu ml NaOH 0,04 M vo 20 ml dung dch HCOOH 0,10 M
thu c dung dch c pH = 3,74?
Bit rng: pKHCOOH = 3,74.
II. Bi tp
Phng php chun acid-baz
1. Chun dung dch HNO3 0,02 M bng dung dch NaOH c cng nng .
a) Tnh bc nhy pH ca ng chun .
b) Cn dng ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th khng qu 0,1 %?
2. Chun HCOOH 0,1 M bng dung dch NaOH 0,1 M.
a) Tnh pH ti im tng ng ca php chun
b) Tnh bc nhy pH ca ng nh phn.
c) C nn dng Metyl (pT = 5) lm ch th cho php chun ny khng? Ti
sao?
Cho: pKHCOOH = 3,74
3. Chun dung dch NH4OH 0,1 M bng dung dch HCl 0,1 M.
a) Tnh pH ca dung dch im tng ng.
b) Tnh bc nhy pH ca ng nh phn. Cn dng ch th c pT bng bao nhiu
sai s ch th khng qu 0,1 %?
c) C nn dng Phnolphtaline (pT = 9) lm ch th trong php chun ny
khng? Gii thch.
Cho: pKNH4OH = 4,75
4. Ly 20 ml mt mu dung dch amoniac pha long thnh 250 ml. Chun 50 ml dung
dch ny vi ch th Bromocresol lc th ht 40,38 ml HCl 0,2506 M. Tnh %(w/v)
ca NH4OH trong mu amoniac ban u.
5. Cn 0,4307 g mt mu xt k thut (c ln Na 2CO3 v cc tp cht khc) ri em ha
tan thnh dung dch. Chun dung dch ny vi ch th Phnolphtaline th tiu tn
ht 49,08 ml dung dch HCl 0,1734 N. Thm vo dung dch ny vi git ch th Metyl
da cam ri chun tip tc th tiu tn ht 7,68 ml HCl.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh chun ..
b) Tnh % (w/w) ca NaOH v Na2CO3 trong mu xt ban u.
Cho: NaOH = 40; Na2CO3 = 106
6. Cn 2,5126 g mt mu sa bt em v c ha bng H2SO4 c, nng vi xc tc thch
hp. Dch thy phn c pha long bng nc ct ri nh mc thnh 100ml. Ly 25
ml dung dch thu c thm NaOH 40%. Lng NH 3 gii phng ra c cho hp th
vo mt lng d acid boric ri chun bng HCl 0,1 N vi ch th Tashiro th tiu tn
ht 12,75 ml.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh chun .
b) Tnh % Nit tng s v % protein trong mu sa bt phn tch.
Cho bit: hm lng proten trong sa = hm lng Nit tng s * 6,38
10
2.
11
khong 10 pht ri chun lng Iot thot ra bng mt dung dch Na 2S2O3 (cn
xc nh nng ) th ht 9,80 ml.
Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh nng mol ca dung dch
Na2S2O3 s dng.
4.
pha ch mt dung dch chun H 2C2O4, ngi ta cn 0,7879 g H 2C2O4.2H2O
(M = 126,06) ri ha tan trong 250 ml nc ct. Ly 20,00 ml dung dch ny em
acid ha bng H2SO4 long, un nng n 60700C ri chun th ht 20,00 ml
dung dch KMnO4.
Tnh nng ng lng v chun TKMnO4/Fe ca dung dch KMnO4 ni trn.
5.
Ly 5,00 ml mt mu ru etylic pha long v nh mc bng nc ct n 1000
ml. Ht 25,00 ml dung dch etanol thu c em chng ct ri cho ngng t tr li
trong mt bnh nn cha sn 50 ml K2Cr2O7 0,1104 N trong HCl long. Khi ,
etanol b oxy ha thnh acid theo phn ng:
3 C2H5OH + 2 Cr2O7 2 + 16 H+ 4 Cr3+ + 3 CH3COOH + 11 H2O
chun lng K2Cr2O7 cn d cn dng 10,92 ml Fe2+ 0,1081 N.
Hy tnh % (w/v) ca C2H5OH trong mu ru em phn tch.
Chng III.
12
13
0,00
0,000
1,00
0,180
2,00
0,359
3,00
0,549
4,00
0,725
14
b) Phn bit khi nim sc k pha thng (normal phase) v sc k pha ngc
(reversed phase). Nguyn tc chung chn dung mi trong sc k pha thng v
sc k pha ngc?
7. C s l thuyt ca phng php tch sc k? Gii thch nguyn nhn dn n s
tch cc cu t trong qu trnh sc k.
8. Phn loi cc phng php sc k.
9. Gii thch c ch tch cht trong cc phng php sc k hp ph, phn b, trao i
ion, ry phn t
10. Nu cc ng dng c bn ca cc phng php sc k sau: sc k ct, sc k bn
mng, sc k ry phn t, sc k lng cao p (HPLC), sc k kh (GC).
Chng V.
15
a) 903
b) 0,903
c) 1,0903
d) 0,0903
e) 0,09030
f) 9,03.10 2
2. Lm trn cc con s sau y n 3 ch s c ngha:
a) 0,89377
b) 0,89328
c) 0,89350
d) 0,8997
e) 0,08907
3. Tnh v biu din kt qu ca cc php ton sau bng cc ch s c ngha:
a) 4,591 + 0,2309 + 67,1
b) 313 273,15
c) 712 . 8,6
d) 1,43 / 0,026
e) (8,314 x 298)/96486
f) lg(6,53.10 5)
-7,14
g) 10
h) (6,51.10 -5)(8,14.10 -9)
4. a) Dng chun Q kim tra xem c cn loi b s liu no trong tp hp cc s liu
16
P N BI TP HA PHN TCH
Chng I. I CNG V HO HC PHN TCH
Nng dung dch - Pha ch dung dch
1. b) B4O7 2- = M/2
2. a) CaCl2 = M/2; Ca3Al2O6 = M/6;
b) Pb = M/3; Pb(NO3)2 = M/3
3. a) CKCl.MgCl2.6H2O = 0,9640 / (2 . 278) 1,73.10 3 M
[K+] = [Mg2+] 1,73.10 3 M; [Cl -] = 5,19.10 3 M
b) 0,05 % (w/v)
c) nCl - = 129,75 mmol
d) K+ 67,47 ppm; Mg2+ 41,52 ppm; Cl - 184,25 ppm
e) pK = pMg 2,76; pCl 2,28
4. a) CFe(NO3)3 = 0,35 M; CFe3+ = 0,35 M; CNO3- 1,05 M;
b) 84,7 g Fe(NO3)3 /l
5. a) NKMnO4 = 0,05 N; TKMnO4/Fe = 2,8 g / l = 2,8 mg/ml
b) Hm lng Fe = (16,84 x 2,8)/24,44 1,93 g/l
6. a) CNa+ = 4,7.10-2 M; CSO42- = 2,76.10 3 M
b) pNa = 1,33; pSO4 = 2,56
7. a)
Pha ch dd KNO3 15 % (w/w): cn 35,3 g KNO3 ha tan trong 200ml nc
ct
Pha ch dd KNO3 15 % (w/v): cn 30 g KNO3 ha tan trong 200 ml nc ct
b) d1 1,18 g /ml; d2 1,15 g /ml
8. a) CHCl 12,11 M
b)
- Pha ch 250 ml HCl 4 M: Dng ng ong th tch ly khong 83 ml HCl c, thm
nc ct vo n 250 ml
- Pha ch 250 ml HCl 10 % (w/w): Dng ng ong th tch ly khong 59 ml HCl
c, thm nc ct vo n 250 ml
17
15.
1.
3.
4.
CCH3COOH 8,9.10 3 M
5.
3,17
[OH ]
10
+
pH 10,83;
6.
pH 3,88; pH 6,84
18
7.
pH 5,59
8.
m NH4Cl 7,14 g
9.
a) pH 12,1; b) VNaOH = 25 ml
10.
a) pH > 7 vng; b) pH 5,48 cam; c) pH = 7 vng; d) pH 5,48 cam
11.
c th dng Phnol Phtaline (hay Mthyl , Mthyl da cam, ) phn bit hai
dung dch ny
Chng II.
PHNG PHP PHN TCH TH TCH
A. Chun acid-baz
1.
2.
a) pHT = 8,22
b) pHp = 6,74 9, 70
B. Chun complexon
a) - Phn ng ha tan mu:
MgO + 2 HCl = MgCl2 + H2O
CaO + 2 HCl = CaCl2 + H2O
19
- Chun pH = 9 10 vi ch th ET-OO:
Mg2+ + H2Y2- = MgY2- + 2 H+
Ca2+ + H2Y2- = CaY2- + 2 H+
T: dd t nho xanh bic
- Chun pH 12 vi ch th Muresxid:
Ca2+ + H2Y2- = CaY2- + 2 H+
T: dd t hng tm xanh
b) % MgO = 35,27%; %CaO = 10,83%
2.
a)
-
T:
(5)
2-
20
3. 0,1373 g
4. % Ag = 84,90 %
D. Chun oxy ha kh
1. Phn ng chun i xng v: Sn2+ + 2 Fe3+ = Sn4+ + 2 Fe2+
NSn2+ = 2. 0,01 = 0,02 N; NFe3+ = 0,01 N
a) T: VSn2+. NSn2+ = VFe3+ . NFe 3+ VFe3+ (T) = 10 . 0,02 / 0,01 = 20 ml
b) php chun khng mc sai s cn kt thc chun T, tc th
E = ET = 0,359 V
c) Bc nhy th ca ng nh phn: E p = 0,243 V 0,593 V
dng ch th oxy ha - kh c E0Ind (0,243 V 0,593 V)
2. Phn ng:
ZnO + 2 HCl = ZnCl2 + H2O
ZnCl2 + (NH4)2C2O4 = ZnC2O4 + 2 NH4Cl
ZnC2O4 + H2SO4 = H2C2O4 + ZnSO4
5H2C2O4 + 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 = 10CO2 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O
% ZnO =
Chng III.
21
m1 m2
.100% = 84,82%
m1 m0
2 AP
Mg 2 P 2 O 7
mC
2.30,97 0,4320
.100% =
.
.100% 17,01%
m pt
222,6 0,7030
O 2
SO42
Ba2+
BaSO4
mg
183
0,2895
sacharin
. C .100% =
.
.100% 75,77 %
b) % Saccharin = M
m pt
233,40 0,2996
BaSO 4
134 0,9859
Na 2 C 2 O 4
. C .100% =
.
.100% 96,9%
4. % Na2C2O4 = M
m pt
106 1,2906
Na 2 CO 3
Chng IV
A. PHNG PHP QUANG PH HP TH PHN T UV-Vis
1. a) T% = 18,8%; b) = 6980 l.mol-1.cm-1; c) l = 2,5 cm; d) A = 0,381
2. a) 1,6.10-5 M 8,6.10 -5 M;
b) 0,00 M 3,2.10 -4 M
Ax
0,54
= 50.
47,4 ppm
A0
0,57
Fe ( dd o )
1,48.50
= 7,45 ppm
10
x
6. y l pp thm Dng cng thc: C x = A A .C x
0
x
Nng thm: C x =
1,1560
= 62,4 ppb
25
22
Ax
0,193
.C x =
.62,4 = 53,29 ppb
Nng Pb2+ trong mu o: C x =
A0 Ax
0,419 0,193
53,29.25
. = 266,45 ppb
5
Chng V
PHNG PHP X L S LIU THC NGHIM
1.
2.
3.
4.
a) 3
b) 3
c) 5
d) 3
e) 4
f) 3
a) 0,894
b) 0,893
c) 0,894
d) 0,900
e) 0,0891
3
a) 71,9
b) 40
c) 6,1.10
d) 55
8
e) 0,0257
f) - 4,185
g) 7,2.10
h)53,0.10 14
a) Sp xp d liu tng dn: 3,258; 3,258; 3,265; 3,274; 3,350; 3,483
- Kim tra gi tr nghi ng l 3,483:
Q6(tn) = 0,93; Qlt (0,99; 6) = 0,74 < Q6(tn) loi gi tr 3,483.
- Kim tra tip gi tr nghi ng l 3,350:
Q5(tn) = 0,83; Qlt (0,99; 5) = 0,82 < Q5(tn) loi gi tr 3,350
b)
X 4 =3,26375
S=
[2.(3,258)
3,264;
2
CV = 0,2 %
c) = 3,264 3,18.
5.
a)
0,007
= 3,264 0,011
4
X 10 = 243,53 243,5
b) = 243,5 2,26.
(n = 4; P = 0,95)
11,9
= 243,5 8,5
10
(mg)
23
BI TP T GII
Phn 1. Nng dung dch - Pha ch dung dch
1. Ha tan 2,9375 g Cu(NO3)2 tinh khit vo 1000 ml HNO3 1% w/v. Sau , ly 10 ml
dung dch Cu2+ thu c pha long v nh mc bng nc ct ln n 250 ml. Tnh nng
mol, % w/v v ppm w/v ca Cu2+ trong dung dch sau cng.
Cho bit: Cu = 64; N = 14; O = 16
2. Hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch KMnO 4 0,025 M t KMnO4 tinh th (M = 158,031). Dung
dch KMnO4 thu c c phi l dung dch chun gc hay khng? Ti sao? Nu cch xc
nh nng ng ca dung dch KMnO4 va pha ch.
3. a) Hy pha ch 200 ml dung dch KOH 20% w/w t KOH rn.
b) T dung dch KOH 20% w/w ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml KOH 2% w/w.
4. Hy pha ch 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 N t dung dch NaOH 2,5 N.
5. Hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch chun AgNO3 0,0100 N t ng chun AgNO3 0,1 N ?
6. Hy pha ch 500 ml CH3COOH 4 M t dung dch CH3COOH c thng mi 98% w/w
(d = 1,05 g/ml). Cho : MCH3COOH = 60,05
7. Hy pha ch 500 ml NH4OH 4 M t dung dch NH4OH c thng mi 25% w/w
(d
= 0,91g/ml). Dung dch NH4OH thu c c nng ng bng 4 M hay khng? Ti sao?
Nu cch xc nh nng ng ca dung dch NH4OH va pha ch.
8. a) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch CH3COOH c 98% w/w (d = 1,055 g/ml).
b) T dung dch CH3COOH c ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch CH 3COOH 10%
w/w. Tnh khi lng ring ca dung dch va pha ch. Cho: MCH3COOH = 60.
9. Hy pha ch 500 ml dung dch H2SO4 20% w/w t dung dch H2SO4 c 98% w/w
(d
= 1,84 g/ml). Tnh nng mol ca dung dch va pha ch. Cho: H2SO4 = 98,08
10. a) Trnh by cch pha ch 250 ml dung dch Na 2B4O7 0,01 N t Na2B4O7.10H2O
(M
= 381,374). Bit rng dung dch ny dng chun HCl theo phn ng:
B4O72- + 2 H+ = H2B4O7
24
b) T dung dch trn, hy pha ch 250 ml dung dch Na 2B4O7 1,25.103 M. Tnh
pB4O7 v ppmB4O7 ca dung dch thu c.
11. Trnh by cch pha ch 500 ml dung dch H 2O2 4% w/w t H2O2 c 30,1% w/w
(d
= 1,19 g/ml). Tnh khi lng ring v nng mol ca dung dch H 2O2 va pha ch. Cho:
H2O2 = 34,01.
12. a) Cn bao nhiu gam KH 2PO4 tinh khit phn tch (M = 136,09) pha ch 1000 ml
dung dch chun gc P c nng 50 ppm w/v?
b) Tnh th tch dung dch chun gc P ni trn cn ly pha ch 100 ml dung dch
chun P c nng ln lt l 1,0; 5,0 v 10 ppm w/v. Cho: P = 31
13. Hy pha ch 100 ml dung dch ch th Bromocresol xanh 0,1% w/v trong etanol 20% v/v
t Bromocresol xanh (dng tinh th), etanol 96% v/v v nc ct.
14. Trnh by cch pha ch 250 mL Na2S2O3 0,1 N t Na2S2O3.5H2O (M = 248,18) dng
trong php chun I2. Nu nguyn tc chun ha nng dung dch ny.
15. Trn 50 ml KNO3 0,05M vi 40 ml NaNO3 0,075M th c dung dch c ppm NO 3
bng bao nhiu ?
16. 250,0 ml dung dch nc cha 45,1 g thuc tr su. Biu din nng thuc tr su
trong nc theo % w/w, ppm v ppb w/v.
Phn 2. Tnh pH ca dung dch acid-baz
1. a) Hy pha ch 500 ml HNO3 4 N t dung dch HNO3 68% w/w (d = 1,405 g/ml). Cho:
HNO3 = 63.
b) T dung dch trn, hy pha ch 250 ml HNO3 0,2 N. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c
2. a) Hy pha ch 100 ml dung dch HNO 3 20% w/v t dung dch HNO3 c 65% w/w c d
= 1,41 g/ml.
b) T dung dch HNO3 20% w/v, hy pha ch 250 ml HNO 3 2% w/v. Tnh nng mol
v pH ca ca dung dch HNO3 2% w/v va pha ch.
3. Hy pha ch 1000 ml HClO4 5% w/w t dung dch HClO4 31,6% w/w (d = 1,220 g/ml).
Tnh nng mol v pH ca dung dch HClO4 5% w/w va pha ch. Cho: HClO4 = 100,5.
4. a) Hy pha ch 500 ml dung dch NaOH 40% w/v t NaOH rn. Tnh khi lng ring v
nng mol ca dung dch NaOH thu c.
b) T dung dch NaOH ni trn, hy pha ch 1000 ml NaOH 0,4% (w/v). Tnh pH ca
dung dch va pha ch.
5. a) Hy pha ch 1000 ml dung dch CH 3COOH 2 M t dung dch CH 3COOH 98% w/w
(c d =1,055 g/ml)
b) T dung dch CH3COOH 2 M ni trn, hy pha ch 250 ml CH 3COOH 0,1 M. Tnh
pH ca dung dch va thu c. Cho bit: pKCH3COOH = 4,75
25
26
27
28
29
6. Chun dung dch baz etylamin (C2H5NH2) nng 0,2 M bng HCl 0,2 M.
a) Tnh hng s baz ca etylamin, bit rng pH dung dch ti im tng ng l
5,48.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
qu 0,1% ?
7. Chun 50,00 ml baz metylamin (CH3NH2) th tiu tn ht 25,00 ml HCl 0,1 M
t ti im tng ng.
a) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch CH3NH2 em chun .
b) Ch th no sau y l tt nht nhn ra im tng ng ca php chun ni
trn: Bromocresol xanh (pKa = 4,66); Bromocresol tm (pKa = 6,12); Phenol (pKa =
7,81); Phenolphtalein (pKa = 9,40).
Cho bit: Metylamin c Kb = 4,35.10 4
8. Chun dung dch acid salisylic C6H4(OH)COOH 0,1 M bng KOH 0,1M.
a) Tnh hng s acid ca acid salysilic, bit rng khi chun c 50% th pH dung
dch c gi tr bng 2,97.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
vt qu 0,1% ?
9. Chun dung dch acid butyric (C3H7COOH) nng 0,1 M bng KOH 0,1 M.
a) Tnh hng s acid ca acid butyric bit rng khi chun c 90% th pH ca
dung dch bng 5,77.
b) Cn chn ch th c pT bng bao nhiu sai s ch th ca php chun khng
vt qu 0,1% ?
10. Tnh pH ca dung dch H3PO4 c nng 4 M.
pH dung dch trn s thay i ra sao khi thm 20 mL; 40 mL NaOH 2 M vo 10 mL
dung dch H3PO4 4 M.
Cho bit H3PO4 c cc hng s acid ln lt l: pKa1,2,3 = 2,12; 7,21 v 12,36.
11. a) Trnh by cch pha ch 100 ml dung dch ch th Bromocresol xanh 0,1% w/v
trong etanol 20% v/v t cc ha cht sau: Bromocresol xanh (tinh th), etanol 96% v/v,
nc ct.
b) Nh vi git ch th Bromocresol xanh va pha ch vo 50 ml dung dch
CH3COOH 0,2 N th dung dch c mu g?
Mu sc ca dung dch ni trn s thay i nh th no khi thm vo ln lt 25;
50 v 150 ml NaOH 0,2 N ?
Cho bit khong pH chuyn mu ca Bromocresol xanh l 4,0 5,6.
30
12. a) Hy pha ch 100 ml dung dch ch th Tashiro dng trong php chun m
tng s bng phng php Kjeldahl. Bit rng ch th ny l hn hp 1:1 v/v ca dung dch
Metyl 0,1% w/v v Xanh Metylen 0,1% w/v trong dung mi nc.
(Metyl v Xanh Metylen u dng tinh th)
b) Nh vi git ch th Tashiro va pha ch vo 100,00 ml dung dch NH 4OH 1 N th
dung dch c mu g ? Mu sc ca dung dch ni trn s thay i nh th no khi thm vo
ln lt 99,90; 100,00 v 100,10 ml HCl 1 N ? Cho bit khong pH chuyn mu ca
Metyl l 4,4 - 6,2.
11. Chun dung dch acid citric 0,01 M bng NaOH 0,01 M.
a) Tnh pH ca dung dch cc im tng ng.
b) C th nhn ra cc im tng ng trn bng nhng ch th acid baz no? Vit
phng trnh phn ng chun nu dng phenolphtalein lm ch th.
Bit rng acid citric (C3H5O)(COOH)3 l mt acid yu 3 nc c cc hng s acid ln
lt l: pKa1,2,3 = 3,13; 4,76; 6,40.
12. Chun 20,00 ml dung dch NH 4SCN bng dung dch AgNO3 0,02 M theo
phng php Volhard.
a) Tnh nng dung dch NH4SCN em chun, bit rng th tch AgNO 3 cn dng
t ti im tng ng l 10,00 ml.
b) Cn kt thc chun trong khong pAg bng bao nhiu sai s chun
khng qu 0,1%? Cho bit: TAgSCN = 10-12
.
13. Chun dung dch NaBr 0,2 M bng dung dch AgNO3 c cng nng .
a) Cn kt thc chun pAg bng bao nhiu php chun khng mc sai s
im cui?
b) sai s im cui ca php chun khng vt qu 0,1% th phi kt thc
chun trong khong pAg bng bao nhiu?
Cho bit : TAgBr = 10-12
14. Chun 20,00 mL dung dch Fe3+ 0,1 M bng dung dch Ti3+ 0,1 M.
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng chun . Tnh th tch dung dch Ti 3+ cn dng
t ti im tng ng.
b) Cn kt thc chun th bng bao nhiu sai s chun khng vt
qu 0,1%? Cho bit th tiu chun ca cc cp Fe 3+/Fe2+ v TiO2+/Ti3+ ln lt
l 0,77 V v 0,10 V.
15. Chun 20,00 ml dung dch Fe3+ 0,05 M bng dung dch Ti2+ 0,02 M.
a) Tnh th tch dung dch Ti2+ cn dng t ti im tng ng
b) Cn chn ch th oxy ha-kh no sai s ch th ca php chun khng vt
qu 0,1% ? Cho bit: E0Fe 3+/Fe 2+= + 0,77 V; E0Ti 3+/Ti 2+ = - 0,37 V
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16. Chun dung dch Ti3+ bng dung dch Fe3+ trong mi trng c pH = 0.
a) Tnh bc nhy th ca ng nh phn.
b) Cn chn ch th oxy ha-kh no sai s ch th khng qu 0,1% ? Mu sc
dung dch thay i ra sao im tng tng ?
Cho bit th tiu chun ca cc cp TiO2+, H+/Ti3+, H2O v Fe3+/Fe2+ ln lt l:
E01 = + 0,10 V ; E02 = + 0,77 V
Phn 5. Phng php o quang UV-Vis
1. hp th ca mt dung dch chun cha 50 ppm Bi 3+ (sau khi c to phc vi
Thiourea) o 470 nm, cuvet 1,00 cm l 0,570. Ly 5,00 ml dung dch phn tch X cha
Bi3+cho to phc vi Thiourea ri nh mc thnh 25,00 ml. Dung dch ny c o quang
trong cng iu kin nh trn th cho gi tr hp th l 0,466.
a) Tnh h s hp th mol ca phc gia Bi3+ v Thiourea 470 nm.
b) Tnh hm lng Bi3+ theo ppm v mol/ltc trong dung dch X. Cho Bi = 209.
2. xc nh hm lng Fe 3+ trong mt mu nc thi, ngi ta ly 2 bnh nh mc
50 ml v tin hnh nh sau :
- Bnh 1: cho 2 ml mu nc thi
- Bnh 2: cho 5 ml dung dch chun cha 100 ppm Fe3+
Thm vo cc bnh trn ln lt 1ml HNO 3 1:1 (v/v), 5 ml NH4SCN 10%, ri nh mc
n vch. hp th ca dung dch mu v dung dch chun (o cng iu kin) l 0,240
v 0,480.
a) Trnh by cch chun b dung dch nn trong php o quang ni trn
b) Tnh hm lng Fe3+ trong mu nc thi phn tch theo n v ppm v mol/lt.
Cho : Fe = 56
3. Cn 50,0358 g mu tm ng lnh em v c ha v ha tan thnh 100 ml. Ly 5 ml
dung dch thu c em to phc vi thuc th dithizon pH = 9 - 10 ri chit sang 10 ml
CCl4 v o quang 525 nm, cuvet 1 cm th c gi tr hp th l 0,534.
Mt khc, 5 ml dung dch chun Pb 2+ nng 10 g/ml cng c em to phc vi
dithizon ri chit sang 10 ml CCl4 v o quang trong iu kin y ht nh trn th c hp
th l 0,467. Tnh ppm Pb (w/w) ca mu tm ng lnh ni trn
4. Ha tan 1,6820 g mt mu hp kim ng thau (ch cha Cu v Zn) trong HNO 3 c,
d thnh dung dch cha Cu2+ v Zn2+ ri nh mc n 1000 mL bng nc ct. hp th
ca dung dch Cu2+ thu c (o 795 nm, cuvet 1cm) l 1,090. Mt khc, mt dung dch
Cu2+ c nng 5 mM cng c o quang trong iu kin y ht nh trn th c hp th
l 0,320. Tnh % Cu (w/w)v %Zn w/w) trong mu hp kim em phn tch. Cho: Cu = 64.