Y BAN NHN DN TP.

H CH MINH TRNG I HC SI GN S:1124/ HSG

KIM NGHIM BIA RU

Mn :Kim nghim thc phm

GVHD:

ThS. Nguyn Th Thu Hng H Thnh Trung Hunh Phc Huy Lng Thnh Tm Trn Bo Ton

Thc hin: Nhm 1_DHO 1081

1- GII THIU CHUNG 1.1 Tinh cp thit cua tai .ng cha ta c cu Nam v tu nh k v phong (n ng khng ru nh c khng gi). .Nhng c mt iu khng th ph nhn rng tc hi ca bia ru l v cng g gm. C th thy cc v tai nn giao thng hin nay a phn l do tc ng ca bia ru, khi c cn trong ngi th ta khng th lm ch.Ngoi ra bia ru cn gy c ch thn kinh cng nh hot ng ca cc c quan tim mch. Bn cnh , vic ng c ru cng l mt vn nn cn quan tm. Trong bia ru khng ch c cn (ancol eytic) m cn c th cha mt lng metanol hay furfural l mt loi ha cht ht sc c hi, c hn c methanol, gy nh hng
nghim trng n b my tun hon, h hp v thn kinh. Vy trong ru bia ngoi cc cht trn th cn c th c nhng loi hp cht no na v hm lng cho php l bao nhiu. cng chnh l l do m chng ti chn Kim nghim bia ru lm ti nghin cu.

1.2 Muc ich nghin cu

.Bia ru l mt loi thc ung ph thng, vi v ng cay d chu, hng thm c trng v c cn thp. Thch hp dng cho ngi ln, khi ung vi lng va phi s mang n cho ngi dng s sng khoi, d chu v tr gip cho tiu ha. Ngoi ra khi s dng vi lng va phi cn gim nguy c mc bnh tim mch, b sung vitamin B6, trnh b sn thn ngi trung nin. Nh vy, bia ru c s dng rng ri hu ht cc nc trn th gii. .Tuy nhin, ngoi cc cht cn thit cho c th, trong qu trnh iu ch chng ct, bia ru cn ln mt s hp cht m khi hp thu vo li gy hi cho c th. V vy cn phi tin hnh xc nh

hm lng cc cht c trong bia ru. 1.3 i tng nghin cu .nh gi cht lng ru bia qua vic xc nh mu sc, mi v, trng thi, hm lng acid, ester, andehit, cnc trong ru bia 1.4Phng phap nghin cu .Dng cc ch tiu v cm quan, v ccch tiu ha l, bn cnh da trn cc tiu chun ca Vit Nam v ca th gii nh gi cht lng ru bia.

2- ANH GIA CHT LNG RU

2.1- Chi tiu cam quanTCVN 3217-79

Tn ch tiu 1.Mu sc 2.Mi 3.V 4. trong

Yu cu c trng cho tng loi sn phm c trng cho tng loi sn phm, khng c mi l c trng cho tng loi sn phm,khng c v l Dng lng, ng nht, khng c tp cht l

2.1.1. Xac inh dang bn ngoai: Kim tra nhan, bao bi ng chai sau o kim tra vn uc va tap cht la 2.1.2. trong va mau sc: - Dng 2 ng so mu c ng knh v chiu di bng nhau. Rt 20ml ru vo 1 ng, 20ml nc ct vo ng nghim kia. - t 2 ng trn nn trng ch sng so snh mu sc, trong. - Mu sc v trong ca 2 ng phi nh nhau. 2.1.3. Mui vi: TCVN 3217-79 - Rt mt t ru mu vo cc th, sau ngi v nm xc nh mi v v. - Ru chun cho php c th nm song song nhng khng c th qu 3 mu. Lu :Tin hnh th cc ch tiu cm quan trong phng thong khng c mi l, xa phng th nghim ha hc 2.2- Chi tiu hoa ly Tn ch tiu 1. cn, % th tch ethanol 20oC 2. Hm lng acid tng s, Mc quy nh 96,0 15,0
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Phng php th TCVN 8008:2009; AOAC 982.10 TCVN 8012:2009; AOAC 945.08

Tn ch tiu tnh theo mg acid acetic/l cn 100o 3. Hm lng ester, tnh theo mg ethyl acetat/l cn 100o 4. Hm lng aldehyd, tnh theo mg acetaldehyd/l cn 100oC 5. Hm lng methanol, mg/l cn 100o 6. Hm lng cht kh, mg/l cn 100o 7. Hm lng furfural

Mc quy nh 13,0 5,0 300 15,0 Khng c

Phng php th TCVN 8011:2009; AOAC 968.09 AOAC 972.10 TCVN 8009:2009; AOAC 972.08; AOAC972.09 TCVN 8010:2009;AOAC 972.11 AOAC 920.47; EC No. 2870/2000 TCVN 7886:2009; AOAC 960.16

2.2.1. Xac inh ham lng etanol :TCVN 8008 2009 Xac inh theo phng phap ru k (phng php chun). a) Nguyn tc -Vi mi dung dch ru xc nh th nhng ru khc nhau, dung dch c t khi khc nhau, nn dng c o ru s chm khc nhau - Nh ta c c ru ca dung dch cn xc nh. b) Dung cu - Thuc th - ng ong 500 ml. - Ru k o 20C, chia vch 0,1. - Nhit k o b) Cach tin hanh -Gi ru 20C trong 30 pht, rt ru cn thn theo thnh ng trnh to qu nhiu bt kh. -Th t t ru k vo ng ong. - ru k n nh. c ru trn ru k . 2.2.2. Xac inh ham lng andehit :TCVN 8008 2009 Xac inh theo phng phap so mau a) Nguyn tc - Cho mu th v ru c hm lng aldehit chun cng tc dng vi thuc th fucsin sulfit - So mu ca dung dch thu c vi mu ca dung dch chun. b) Thuc th - NaHSO3: cn 30,8g NaHSO3 cho vo bnh nh mcv pha long bng nc n vch 100ml (chun b dung dch ngay trc khi dng). - Acid H2SO4 m c - Etanol 450, khng cha aldehyt.
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- Axetandehit - Dung dch fucsin sulfit: Ha tan 0,1g fucsin trong70ml nc ct nhit t 700C n 800C trong cc. Rt dung dch vo bnh nh mc 100ml, ngui n 200C ri thm nc ct n vch v lc u. Ly 15ml fucsin va chun b vo bnh thy tinh 200ml, thm 10mldung dch NaHSO3, lc u v thm 100ml nc ct ;1,5ml axit sulfuric mc v lc u. Dung dch mi phagi trong bnh thy tinh mu nu nhit t 10oC n 18oC (s dng dung dch sau 24h). Dung dch phi trong v c mu c trng ca SO2 - Dung dch aldehit chun:cc andehit chun phi c gi trong chai thy tinh mu nu c nt mi v ni mt. c) Dung cu - Bnh nh mc, c nt mi - Cn c chnh xc n 0,0002g d) Cach tin hanh - Dng pipet ly 10ml ru th nghim cho vo cuvet 1 ly10ml andehit chun cho vo mt cuvet 2. - t c hai ng nghim vo chu nc c nhit 20oCthm vo mi ng 2ml thuc th fucsin, lc u v gi hai ng ny trong chu nc 20oC trong khong 20 pht. - Sau em hai cuvet ra ni sng so mu. - Mu ca ru th khng c m hn mu ca dung dch andehit chun. 2.2.3. Xac inh ham lng methanol :TCVN 8010 2009 Xac inh theo phng phap so mau a) Nguyn tc - Oxi ha methanol trong mu thnh andehit fomic - Cho mu th tc dng vi thuc th fucsin. - So mu ca dung dch thu c vi mu ca dung dch chun. b) Thuc th - Dung dch KMnO4 1% - Acid H2SO4 m c - Acid (COOH)2 bo ha - Dung dch fucsin sulfit: - Dung dch chun methanol - Aicd H2SO4 c pha long - Dung dch NaHSO3. - Pipet chia n 0,01ml - Cuvet - Cc c m

 Ha tan 0,1g fucsin trong 70ml nc ct nhit t 700C n 800C trong cc. Rt dung dch vo bnh nh mc 100ml, ngui n 200C ri thm nc ct n vch v lc u. Rt ht 100ml fucsin va pha vo bnh thy tinh c nt mi 200ml, thm2,5ml dung dch NaHSO3mi pha, lc u. Sau khong 3h thm tip vo bnh 0,48ml axitH2SO4 m c. Dung dch ny c gi trong bnh thy tinh mu nu v c bo qun lnh. Khi trn vi mt th tch etanol 45o khng c ru tp v andehit th khng c hin mu. c) Dung cu - Cuvet 25 ml d) Cach tin hanh: Cuvet 1: 0,2ml mu th nghim Cuvet 2: 0,2ml dung dch methanol chun. - Thm vo mi cuvet 5ml dung dch KMnO4v 0,4ml axitH2SO4 long. y nt cc ng nghim v lc u. - Sau 3 pht thm vo 1ml axit oxalic bo ha. Khi dung dch c muvng nht th thm tip 1ml axitH2SO4c dung dch mt mu hon ton. - Thm 5ml thuc th fucsin v lc u. yn hai ng nghim trong 35 pht, sau so mu ca hai dung dch. - Mu ca ru th khng m hn mu ca dung dch ru chun. 2.2.4. Xac inh axitTCVN 8012 2009 Xac inh theo phng phap chun a) Nguyn tc .Da trn phn ng trung ha ca acid trong mu bng bazo vi cht ch th thch hp (i vi ru c mu trng dngphenolphatalein, i vi cc loi ru c mu sm, s dng cht ch th xanhbromtimol). T lng bazo tiu tn, tnh c lng axit c trongmu th b) Thuc th - Dung dch NaOH 0,1M c) Dung cu - a s ng knh khong 185mm - Tu sy (c th duy tr c 100oC)
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- Bnh nh mc c nt mi

- Microburet

- Cn trung tnh

- Cht ch th: phenolphatalein 1% hoc xanh bromtimol 0,1% - Ni cch thy - Buret 10ml c chia vch 0,05ml

d) Cach tin hanh - axittng s: Trn 250ml nc si, 25mlmu th v chun bng dd NaOH, s dng phenolphtalein lm ch th nkhi dung dch c mu hng nht bn ghi li s ml NaOH dng chun . - axit c nh: Cho bay hi mu th n kh v sy kh 30 pht trong t sy Ha tan cn v chuyn sang a s cha250ml nc si, s dng tng t nh phn mu th, tt c khong t 25ml n 50ml Dng buret chun bng dung dch NaOH v s dng Phenolphthalein lm ch th Ghi li s ml NaOH dng chun . e) Cch tnh axit bay hi = axit tng s axit c inh 2.2.5. Xac inh ham lng ng Xac inh bng phng phap Bertrand (phng phap trong tai) a) Nguyn tc: .Trong mi trng kim cc ng (glucose, fructose, maltose...) d dng kh Cu (II) thnh Cu (I)theo phn ng Fehling. . Cu2Oc kh nng kh vi mui Fe3+thnh mui Fe2+trong mi trng acid: Cu2O + Fe2(SO4)3 + H2SO4 2CuSO4 + 2FeSO4 + H2O .Fe2+ sinh ra c tnh kh li tc dng vi KMnO4. .Nn dngKMnO4 chun Fe2+ trong mi trng acid: 10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 8 H2O .Da vo lng KMnO4s dng ta c th tnh c lng Cu2O v t tnh c lng ng kh trong dung dch b) Thuc th - Axit HCl - Ch axetat - Na2HPO4 - NaOH - Dung dch FehlingA: pha 40g ng sunfat (CuSO4.5H2O) n 1 lit dd. - Dung dch Fehling B: ha tan 200g kali-natri tactrat vo 500 ml nc,thm 150g NaOH pha n 1lit dd. c) Dung cu - Bm ht chn khng; - Buret 25 ml chia vch 0,1 ml - Bnh ht lc chn khng; - Chn lc xp G4.
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d) Cach tin hanh - Cho ru mu v thuc th Fehling(VA=VB) vo bnhv unsi 3 pht, kt ta xut hn trong bnh. Ly bnh ra ngui. -Ra ta vi nc m n khi dch ra khng cnphn ng kim trn giy qu. Qu trnh ra c tin hnh trn phu lc chn khng vi giy lc xp v ch l phn ln kt ta trn phu lc v trong bnh lun c ph mt lp nc Cu2O khng b oxy ha bi khng kh. - Ha tan ta Cu2O vo bnh tam gic bng dd Fe2(SO4)3 trong H2SO4 ha tan hon tan kt ta trn phu. - Chun dung dch thu c bng KMnO4 1/30N cho n khi xut hinmu hng nht bn trong 20-30 giy. - T lng KMnO4 dng chun ta c th suy ra lng ng c trong mu phn tch. Song song lm th nghim i chng bng nc ct. e) Kt qu

Trong : X: hm lng ng kh tnh theo % a: s mg glucose tm c khi tra bng ng vi s mL KMnO4 dng chun mu phn tch tr i s mL KMnO4 dng chun mu khng. V: th tch pha long mu (100mL) V1: th tch mu ly em xc nh ng kh m: lng mu em phn tch 2.2.6. Xac inh ham lng esteTCVN 8011 2009 Xac inh theo phng phap chun a) Thuc th - NaOH 0,1N b) Cach tin hanh Sau khi xac inh ham lng axit, cho vao dd 10ml NaOH 0,1N lp ng lam lanh hi lu va un trn bp cach thuy 1 gi ngui dung dich n nhit phong Thao ng lam lanh, chun lng NaOH d bng dung dich H2SO4 0,1N Hiu s Vo V1 khng vt qua 0,35ml
8

- H2SO4 0,1N

2.2.7. Xac inh ham lng furfuralTCVN 7886 2009 Xac inh bng may UV VIS-1800 a) Thuc th: Furfural 1160 ppm Pipet 10ml, 1ml, 5ml -Etanol tuyt i -6 binh inh mc 50ml b) Dung cu: c) Cach tin hanh: .Pha ethanol 40%: Dng ng ong 100ml ong 280ml ethanol tuyt i, nh mc ng vch 500ml bng bnh nh mc. .Pha furfural 11,6ppm t dung dch furfural 1160ppm. Dng pipet 1ml ht 0.5ml furfurol 1160ppm, thu c nng furfurol 11,6 ppm ; sau nh mc ng vch 50ml bng dung dch ethanol 40%. .Pha dy chun - T dung dch furfurol 11,6ppm pha thnh 1 dy chun(ly t nht 5 im , lp dy chun trong khong 0,1-2ppm). - Dng pipet 5ml ht 2ml dung dch furfurol 11,6ppm ;sau nh mc ng vch 50ml. Ta c nng 0,464ppm. - Dng pipet 5ml ht 4ml dung dch furfurol 11,6ppm ; sau nh mc ng vch 50ml. Ta c nng 0,920ppm. - Dng pipet 5ml ht 5ml dung dch furfurol 11,6ppm ; sao nh mc ng vch 50ml. Ta c nng 1,16ppm. - Dng pipet 10ml ht 6ml dung dch furfurol 11.6ppm ; sau nh mc ng vch 50ml. Ta c nng 1,392ppm. - Dng pipet 10ml ht 8ml dung dch furfurol 11,6ppm ; sau nh mc ng vch 50ml. Ta c nng 1,856ppm. .Thao thc vn hnh trn my UV Vis-1800. Trn my quang ph t ngoi kh kin UV Vis-1800 photometric v spectrum. . xc nh hm lng furfurol c trong ru, ta chy 2 ch l spectrum v photometric. .u tin, chy ch spectrum : xc dnh lama max. .Sau khi m my tnh c kt ni phn mm vi my quang ph t ngoi kh kin UV Vis1800 .i my n nh khong 15-20 pht. Sau : Chy baseline bng dung mi ethanol 40% (bc sng t 400-200nm, absorption).
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c ba ch chy l: kinetic,

 Chy mu c nng nh nht xc nh lana max (trong khong bc sng t 400-200nm). Nhp chut phi vo mn hnh crosk hair display xem lana max. .Sau ,chy ch photometric : lp ng chun. .p lama max vo ng chun to phng php : Chy autozero bng mu trng. o ln lt t chun c nng thp nht n chun c nng cao nht. thy c phng trnh ng thng v r 2: vo biu tng Graphequation thy c phng trnh v vo biu tng Graph correlation cofficient thy r2. d) Kt qua:

Kt qua lama cc ai

10

Kt qua ng chun

3- ANH GIA CHT LNG BIA

3.1- Chi tiu cam quan Tn ch tiu 1.Mu sc 2.Mi 3.V 4.Bt 5.Trng thi Yu cu c trng ca tng loi sn phm c trng ca bia sn xut t hoa houblon v malt i mch, khng c mi l c trng ca bia sn xut t hoa houblon v malt i mch, khng c v l Bt trng, mn c trng ca tng loi sn phm

3.1.1. trong v mu sc .Mu sc ca bia ph thuc vo mu v cht lng ca malt, thnh phn nc v thao tc k thut trong cng on ng ha. .C hai loi mu chnh l bia vng v bia en, ngoi ra cn c bia nu ph bin cc nc chu u. c nh gi bng my so mu chuyn dng xc nh cng mu theo h thng ca EBC. . trongca bia bt u c hnh thnh trong thi gian ln men ph v tng tr bia, sau bng con ng lc qua nhiu vt liu lc khc nhau t trong cn thit 3.1.2. Mi v
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.Theo nh gi ca nhn vin th cm quan. Ung mt cch t t v ghi nhn li mi v ca bia. c trng ca bia vng l mi thm nh v v ng du d chu ca hoa houblon. c trng ca bia en l mi thm ca caramel v v hi ngt ca malt. 3.2- Chi tiu hoa lyTVCN 7042 - 2002 Tn ch tiu 1. axit, s mililit NaOH 1 N trung ha ht 100 ml bia hi ui ht CO2 , khng ln hn 2. Hm lng diaxetyl, mg/l, khng ln hn 3. Hm lng etanol (cn), % (V/V) 4. Hm lng cht ho tan ban u 3.2.1. Xac inh ham lng CO2 a) Nguyn tc: Cho CO2 co trong bia tac dung vi mt th tich NaOH u tao mui Na2CO3. Sauk hi loai tr lng axit d, dung H2SO4 co nng xac inh chun lng Na2CO3 b) Hoa cht: - H2SO4 0,1N - NaOH 2N - Phenolphthalein: dung dich 1% trong cn 60o - Metyl da cam: dung dich trong cn 60o c) Dung cu: - Binh tam giac 250ml - Pipet 1,5ml va 10,25ml d) Cach tin hanh: - Chun b mu: gi chai bia mu trong t lnh mt ngy m hoc mt gi Chun b 2 bnh tam gic 500ml sob nh u mc th tch khong 200ml v 250ml Rot vo mi bnh 20ml dungdch NaOH 2N M chai bia mu mt cch cn thn, nh nhng v rt nhanh vo bnh cho n mc 200 250ml y nt bnh v lc u trong 5 - 10 pht. - yn mt luc ri rt ton b vo ng ong v c chnh xc th tich bia a kim hoa - Tin hanh th: o Ht 10ml bia va chun b trn cho vo bnh tam gic 250ml, thm 50ml nuc ct v 1 - 3 git phenolftalein, dung dch s c mu hng.
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Mc 1,8 0,2 Theo tiu chun ca nh sn xut

- Buret 5ml - ng ong 50ml va 250ml

- Binh tam giac co nut mai co anh du mc th tich 200ml va 250ml

o Dng H2SO4 0,1N chun lng xt d n khi mt mu hng v khng tnh lng axit d tiu tn lc ny. Thm vo bnh 1 - 3 git metyl da cam, dung dch s chuyn sang mu vng. Tip tc chun bng H2SO4 0,1N cho n khi dung dch chuyn thnh mu da cam. Ghi th tch H2SO4 tiu tn (V1). o Song song vi mu th nghim phi tin hnh lm mu th nghim trng cho vo bnh hnh nn ri thm1 ml NaOH 2N, 50ml nuc ct v tin hnh phn tch tng t nhu mu trn bng cch ly 10ml bia mu loi b ht CO2 f) Kt qua:

Trong o: X: ham lng CO2, g/l B: th tich bia a kim hoa, ml V1, V2: th tich H2SO4 dung chun mu th va mu trng 10: th tich bia ly mu kim tra 20: th tich NaOH dung kim hoa mu bia, ml 3.2.2. Xac inh kh cua bia a) Nguyn tc: Cho nuc bc hi ht ta s thu c cht kh c trong bia. b) Hoa cht dung cu - Bia chai - Cc sy phn tch dung tch 50ml v d sy kh n khi lng khng i. - T sy, cn phn tch, pipet, ni un cch thu, bnh ht m. c) Cach tin hanh: Dng pipet ht 10ml bia loi b CO2ri cho vo cc sy. t cc voni un cch thu un nng, c cn bia trong cc. Ly cc ra t vo t sy vtin hnh sy kh n khi lng khng i nhit 100 - 105oC. d) Kt qua:

Trong o: E: ham lng cht kh cua bia

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m2: s mg cc bias au khi a sy kh n khi lng khng i m1: s mg cua cc a sy ban u 10: th tich bia ly mu kim tra 3.2.3. Xac inh chua cua bia a) Nguyn tc: Dng xt chun lng axit c trong bia vi cht ch th l phenolftalein. chua ca bia c tnh bng s ml NaOH 0,1N dng d trung ho 10ml bia loi b CO2 b) Hoa cht dung cu - Bia d loi b CO2 - Dung dch ch th phenolftalein 1% - Bnh nn dung tch 10ml c) Cach tin hanh: - Dng pipet ly 10ml bia cho vo bnh nn dung tch 100ml, thm 40 ml nc ct v 5 git ch th phenolftalein ri chun bng dung dch NaOH 0,1Ncho n khi xut hin mu hng nht. Th tch NaOH tiu tn khi chun chnh l chua ca bia. 3.2.4. Xac inh cn trong bia a) Nguyn tc: - Dng K2Cr2O7 trong mi trung axit d oxy ho ru v to thnh Cr(III) c mu xanh lc. - Tip theo dng KI kh K2Cr2O7tha v gii phng I2. Dng Na2S2O3 chun lng I2 sinh ra. T tnh c lng K2Cr2O7 tham gia phn ng vi ru thng qua lng Na2S2O3 dng chun mu trng v mu th nghim b) Hoa cht dung cu: - Nitrocromic: 4,9g K2Cr2O7 + HNO3 c - Na2S2O3 0,1N - Pipet bu 100ml - Binh non co nut mai 250ml c) Cach tin hanh: - Cho 100ml bia loi b CO2 cho vo bnh v tin hnh chng cho n khi gn cn. Dch chng hng vo bnh nhmc, cho thm nc ct vo n vach 100ml, lc u. - Ly 5ml dch chng cho vo bnh nn thm 5ml nuc ct v 10ml dung dch nitrocromic y kn bnh, sau 30 pht thm 10ml dung dch KI 10%, 100ml nuc ct,lc u. - Sau 2pht th dng Na2S2O3 0,1N chun b Buret chun lung I2 gii phng ra.
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- Dung dch NaOH 0,1N - Nc ct un si ngui - Buret, pipet.

- KI 10% - H tinh bt 1% - Buret chun - Binh mu phn tich

- Tip tc chun bng dung dch Na2S2O3 cho n khi dung dchtrong bnh chuyn t mu xanh m sang mu xanh lc. Ghi th tch dung dchNa2S2O3 tiu tn. - Lm mu trng song song, vi 10ml dung dch nitrocromic v 10ml nc ct theo ng thi gian v thao tc nh i vi mu phn tch. d) Kt qua:

Trong : A - Hm lng ru c trong bia, g/l N - S ml Na2S2Odng chun mu trng n - S ml Na2S2O3dng chun mu thc 1,15: s mg C2H5OH tng ng vi 1ml dung dch Na2S2O30,1N 5 : S ml dung dch dng phn tch 3.2.5. Xc nh hm lng diaxetyl a) Nguyn tc: - Tch diaxetyl t bia bng cch chng ct bng my Bushi - Cho phn chng ct c phn ng vi dung dch 0 phenilendiamin trong bung ti to c dn xut ca quinoxalyl - Axit ha v o quang ph cc cht thu c t phn ng 335nm - Tnh nng diaxetyl c trong mu nh h s c xc nh qua cht chun. b)Cach tin hanh: . Ly 100ml mu lm lnh cho vo bnh chng ct bng hi nc gin tip. Thu 25ml dch ct . Ly 10ml dch ct cho vo ng nghim thm 0,5 ml 0 phenilendiamin . yn trong ti 30, thm 2ml HCl 4N. em o trn my quang ph 335nm (A35) . Chun b mu trng tng t . Chun b cht chun: thay mu bng nc, thm 0,1 ml dd chun diaxetyl c)Kt qua:hm lng diaxetyl (mg/l) : [(A35-Atrng)*0,625]:[AchunAtrng] Cac chi tiu ham lng kim loai nng theo TVCN 7042 2002 Tn ch tiu 1. Asen (As) 2. Chi (Pb) 3. Thuy ngn (Hg)
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Gii hn ti a (mg/l) 0,1 0,2 0,05

4. Cadimi (Cd) 5. ng (Cu) 6. Kem (Zn)

1,0 5,0 2,0

Cac chi tiu vi sinh vt theo TVCN 7042 2002

Tn ch tiu 1. Tng s vi sinh vt hiu kh, s khun lc trong 1 ml sn phm 2. Coliforms, s vi khun trong 1 ml sn phm 3. E.coli, s vi khun trong 1 ml sn phm 4. S.aureus, s vi khun trong 1 ml sn phm 5. Cl.perfringens, s vi khun trong 1 ml sn phm 6. Tng s nm men-nm mc, s khun lc trong 1 ml sn phm

Gii hn ti a 103 50 0 0 0 102

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