GV: Thy Trng Quc Thanh

Nhm 3: Nguyn Ngc Trung Kin L Nguyn K Lm L Thch 20901300 20901345 20602273

Tng quan
I. Khi nim v ch tiu nh gi.

II.

Cc phng php t chnh xc

III. Cc nguyn nhn sinh ra sai s IV. Cc phng php xc nh chnh xc

V. iu chnh my.

I. Khi nim Ch tiu nh gi

1.Khi nim
chnh xc gia cng ca chi tit my l mc ging nhau v hnh hc, v tnh cht c l lp b mt ca chi tit c gia cng so vi chi tit c thit k trn bn v.

2.Ch tiu nh gi
chnh xc kch thc chnh xc hnh dng hnh hc chnh xc v tr tng quan chnh xc hnh dng hnh hc t vi v tnh cht c l lp b mt

II. Cc phng php t chnh xc gia cng

1.Phng php ct th
Ngi th cho my ct mt lp phoi trn on ngn ca chi tit, dng my v kim tra kch thc Chi tit thng c vch du trc trnh sinh ph phm do qu tay Thng dng cho sn xut n chic, lot nh, sa cha v ch th Trong sn xut hng lot cng dng khi gia cng mi tinh

2.T ng t kch thc

- Dng c ct c v tr tng i c nh so vi bn my, v chi tit c v tr xc nh so vi dng c ct nh c cu nh v ca g - Khng k n mn dng c ct th cc kch thc iu chnh ban u l khng i

III. Cc nguyn nhn sinh ra sai s gia cng

1.Tnh cht sai s gia cng

Sai s trn mi chi tit trong iu kin gia cng nh nhau l khng ging nhau. Sai s ca chi tit gm sai s h thng v sai s ngu nhin Sai s h thng gm sai s c nh v sai s thay i.

2.nh hng bin dng n hi ca h thng cng ngh

- H thng MDGC khng phi l tuyt i cng m b bin dng n hi v bin dng tip xc khi chu tc ng lc ct gy ra sai s - Bin dng n hi ca h thng cng ngh ph thuc vo cng vng ca h thng, lc ct v bin dng ca bn thn chi tit, bin dng tip xc ca cc b mt lp ghp

2.1. cng vng ca h thng cng ngh (1/2)

- cng vng ca h thng cng ngh l kh nng chng li bin dng ca n do ngoi lc gy ra - cng vng ca h thng cng ngh c biu din nh lng bng cng thc sau:

J hay J

Py y Py y

Trong : J: cng vng ca h thng (kN/mm hoc kG/mm) Py: lc tc dng theo phng hng knh vi b mt gia cng (kN hoc kG) y: lng dch chuyn mi dao theo phng tc dng lc (mm) Py (kN/mm hoc kG/mm), y (mm) l s gia ca lc tc dng v lng chuyn v

2.1. cng vng ca h thng cng ngh (2/2)

- Ngoi ra cn dng khi nim mm do: V d:

1 J

( Z ) y 2 D

2.2.Bin dng tip xc v bin dng bn thn chi tit

- Bin dng tip xc ph thuc nhm b mt, sng b mt, sai s hnh dng hnh hc, tnh cht n hi ca vt liu tip xc, iu kin bi trn v c tnh ti trng ca cc b mt tip xc - Bin dng ca bn thn chi tit (bin dng ko/nn/un/xon hay bin dng tng hp ca cc bin dng ) c tnh theo l thuyt n hi hay cc cng thc sc bn vt liu - cng vng tip xc xc nh theo cng thc:

q y

Trong : : cng vng tip xc (kN/mm3 hoc kG/mm3) q: p lc ring (N/mm2 hoc kG/mm2) y: bin dng (mm)

2.3.nh hng sai s do phi (1/2)

- Khi gia cng dao mn lm cho lc ct Py v bin dng n hi ca h thng cng ngh tng nn kch thc ca chi tit cng b bin ng - S bin ng ca cng vt liu v lng d gia cng s gy ra sai s hnh dng hnh hc ca chi tit. V trn thc t tn ti hin tng in dp sai s hnh dng hnh hc cng tnh cht ca phi v chi tit gia cng

2.3.nh hng sai s do phi (2/2)

- V d: nh hng sai s hnh dng ca phi n sai s hnh dng ca chi tit

3.nh hng do mn my, g v dao ct:

3.1.nh hng ca my (1/4)
Do cc sai s hnh hc ca my c ch to nh: . o trc chnh theo hng knh . o ca l cn trc chnh . o mt u ca trc chnh (hng trc) . o v cc sai s ch to khc ca sng trt, ca bn my vv

3.1. nh hng ca my (2/4)

ng tm trc chnh my tin khng song song vi sng trt ca thn my trong mt phng nm ngang.

ng tm trc chnh my tin khng song song vi sng trt ca thn my trong mt phng thng ng

3.1. nh hng ca my (3/4)

Sng trt khng thng trn mt phng nm ngang

lch tm ca mi tm trc so vi tm quay trc chnh.

Khi gia cng vi hai ln g (i u), mi on ct c mt ng tm ring.

3.1. nh hng ca my (4/4)

Trc chnh ca my phay ng khng thng gc vi mt phng ca bn my theo phng ngang.

Trc chnh ca my phay ng khng thng gc vi mt phng ca bn my theo phng dc.

3.2.nh hng ca g

Qu tnh ch to g c sai s hoc g b mn Sai s do lp g ln my m bo chnh xc gia cng chnh xc ca g phi cao hn t nht l mt cp so vi chnh xc ca kch thc cn t s gia cng trn g .

3.3.nh hng ca dng c ct (1/2)

Sai s ch to dng c nh kch thc. Vd: mi khoan, khot, doa, chut vv nu ch to khng chnh xc th nhng sai s ca chng nh hng trc tip n ng knh l gia cng. Dao b mi mn. Vic g t dao khng chnh xc.

3.3.nh hng ca dng c ct (2/2)

Khc phc: Sa cha nh k, thm cc c cu hiu chnh Gim sai s g t chi tit gia cng v g, gim s ln g. Nng cao chnh xc ch to g. Nng cao i chnh xc ch to dao nht l dao nh kch thc, dao nh hnh. Chn vt liu lm dao tt, nhit luyn v mi dao tt nng cao tui th ca dao. Chn ch ct hp l sao cho khng nh hng n nng sut nhng qu trnh mi mn ca dao chm li.

4.nh hng do bin dng nhit

nh hng nhiu nht l bin dng nhit ca trc chnh. trc chnh cng l ni nhit tng nhiu nht.

4.1.Bin dng nhit do my (1/2)

4.1.Bin dng nhit do my (2/2)

gim bin dng nhit ca my, ta c cc cch sau: Kt cu ca my phi m bo iu kin ta nhit tt Cc b phn nh ng c, c cu thy lc v..v phi b tr sao cho trong qu trnh lm vic chng c nng u Cc chi tit ca my khi thit k phi c tit din ln ta nhit, c bng b mt hp l gim ma st. Cc my chnh xc phi b tr nhng ni nh sng nhng li phi m bo khng b nh nng mt tri chiu vo nung nng n.

4.2.Bin dng nhit do dao ct

Khi nhit ct truyn vo dao, dao b n di, mi dao vn thm v pha trc lm cho ng knh ngoi gim i cn ng knh l th tng ln.

Mt phn nhit vng ct truyn vo chi tit gia cng, lm n bin dng v gy ra sai s gia cng. Chi tit c nung nng ton b: gy ra sai s kch thc Chi tit b nng khng u: gy ra c sai s hnh dng

4.3.Bin dng nhit do chi tit gia cng

Cch khc phc: Ti dung dch trn ngui vo vng ang gia cng Chi tit c yu cu chnh xc cao phi s dng ch ct thch hp v gia cng trong phn xng ring Trc khi ct gt nn cho my chy khng mt lc cho nhit ca cc khu trong my tng n cn bng nhit vi mi trng xung quanh mi bt u ct

5.Sai s rung ng trong qu trnh ct

Tng nhm b mt v sng Lm cho v tr tng i gia dao ct v vt gia cng thay i theo chu k Chiu su ct, tit din phoi v lc ct s tng, gim theo chu k => nh hng n sai s gia cng Rung ng xy ra phn ln l do cng vng ca h thng cng ngh km, bao gm 2 loi: _Rung ng cng bc _Rung ng t pht

5.Sai s rung ng trong qu trnh ct

Ngun gc ca cc lc kch thch gy ra rung ng cng bc c th l: _Cc chi tit my, dao ct hoc chi tit gia cng quay nhanh nhng khng cn bng ng _C sai s ca cc chi tit truyn ng my _Lng d gia cng khng u, b mt gia cng khng lin tc _Cc mt tip xc c khe h _Do rung ng gia ca cc my xung quanh

5.Sai s rung ng trong qu trnh ct

gim rung ng cng bc c th gii quyt bng cc bin php sau y: _Nng cao cng vng ca h thng cng ngh _Gim lc kch thch t bn ngoi truyn ti _Yu cu cc chi tit truyn ng ca my c chnh xc cao _Cc chi tit quay nhanh phi c cn bng ng _Trnh ct khng lin tc _Gia cng chi tit c chnh xc cao phi c c cu gim rung, c nn gim rung cch ly vi bn ngoi

5.Sai s rung ng trong qu trnh ct

* gim bt rung ng t pht ta c th dng cc bin php: _Trnh ht lp phoi qu rng v qu mng _Chn tc ct hp l sao cho khng nm vo vng xut hin lo dao _Thay i hnh dng hnh hc ca dao sao cho gim lc ct phng c rung ng _Dng dung dch trn ngui gim bt mn dao _Nng cao cng vng ca h thng cng ngh _S dng cc trang b gim rung nhm tiu hao nng lng to rung trong qu trnh ct,.

6.Sai s chn chun v g t chi tit

Khi g t khng hp l, sai s do g t ln v nhiu trng hp c ngha quyt nh n chnh xc gia cng. *Sai s g t bao gm: _Sai s chun (do chn chun gy ra) _Sai s do kp cht _Sai s g

Sai s kp cht chnh l lng bin dng ca chi tit do kp cht gy ra Sai s g l tng hp nhng sai s do ch to, lp rp, g t g ln my v do g mn gy ra.

7.Sai s do phng php o v dng c o

Nhng sai s o lng bao gm: _Sai s ca dng c o. _Sai s do phng php o.
gim bt nh hng ca o lng n chnh xc gia cng, khi o lng phi chn dng c o v phng php o ph hp.

IV. Phng php xc nh chnh xc gia cng

1.Thng k kinh nghim

y l phng php n gin nht, da vo chnh xc bnh qun kinh t. Da trn iu kin: Thit b gia cng hon chnh. Trang b cng ngh t yu cu cht lng S dng bc th trung bnh Ch ct tiu chun v nh mc thi gian cng tiu chun

Cc bc tin hnh: Ct th mt lot chi tit vi s lng thng k. o kch thc trong lot Tm gii hn ln nht v nh nht. Chia khong thnh mt s khong Xy dng ng cong phn b kch thc thc nghim

2.Xc sut thng k

Cc bc tin hnh: Phn tch nguyn nhn Tng hp sai s V quy lut phn b

3.Tnh ton phn tch

V.iu chnh my

1.iu chnh tnh

Tin hnh: Lp mu vo v tr gia cng, sau dch chuyn dng c ct t st vo b mt mu ri kp cht li. Cc c t cng theo mu m iu chnh tng t. Xc nh ch ct v chu k iu chnh my. G phi vo v tr gia cng. c im: Phng php ny nhanh v n gin chnh xc khng cao.

2.iu chnh ct th nh calip th

Tin hnh: Xc nh v tr tng i gia dao v phi, sau c nh cc vu c chn. Tin hnh ct th 3 5 chi tit. Dng calip kim tra cc chi tit trn nu t th tin hnh gia cng hng lot.

3.iu chnh nh dng c o vn nng

Tin hnh: G dao v cc c hnh trnh cn c vo kch thc iu chnh Lc. Ct th m chi tit. o kch thc m chi tit, xc nh tm phn b v phng sai. So snh tm phn b kch thc v tm dung sai, t iu chnh my theo dung sai thu hp.

Thank you for your attention