Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The process by which a chemical change occurs Atoms are rearranged, and chemical bonds are broken and reformed One or more substances change to produce one or more different substances Types
Synthesis (creating) Decomposition (separating) Combustion (burning) Displacement/Replacement (switching)
What does H2 & O2 gas create?
Out of the four types of reactions, which would describe the chemical reaction taking place to the right?
H2
O2
Physical Change
a change in shape, size, color, or state a change without a change in chemical composition a change that is reversible The Mixtures Lab Examples tearing paper cutting your hair change in state
Chemical Change
a change in which a substance becomes another substance having different properties a change that is not reversible using ordinary physical means Changes that usually cause, heat, sound, light, odor, fizzing/foaming, color changes
You usually need more than one of the above characteristics to be considered a chemical change!
Examples mixing vinegar & baking soda burning a piece of wood soured milk
A chemical analysis is the only 100% way to know a chemical change has occurred.
Chemical Equation
Shorthand form for writing what reactants are used and what products are formed in a chemical reaction Sometimes shows whether energy is produced or absorbed Examples: 2H2 + O2 2H2O CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
2H2 + O2
Coefficient Subscripts
2H2O
Subscript Coefficient
(Reactants)
(Yield)
(Products)
Sometimes you will see a yields sign that looks like this. What do you think it means?
Endothermic Reaction A chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed. The products have lower bond energies than the reactants
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy C6H12O6 + 6O2 (photosynthesis)
Chemistry Comes Alive! Sample Movies TeacherTube - Videos Chemistry Demonstration Videos
Surface area amount of material that comes into contact with the reactants Concentration amount of substance per volume
concentration of methane molecules
Ex. Turning the valve on a gas stove to increase the
Catalysts (enzymes) organic substances that help speed up chemical reactions, but are not consumed in the reaction
Reactants
2 H2 + O2 2 H2O
How would you balance this equation to show the conservation of mass?
Products
H 2 4 2 O 2
H 2 4 2 O 1
Use a coefficient to add atoms to one side of the equation Start with the reactant or product that has the
Add a coefficient to another reactant or product Make sure that the coefficients in your balanced
equation are the smallest whole numbers possible (they should have no common factor other than one)
Tutorial on Balancing Equations