TM TT KIN THC C BN

CHNG IV: OXI KHNG KH

I/ TNH CHT CA OXI:
1/ Tnh cht vt l: Oxi l cht kh, khng mu, khng mi, t tan trong nc, nng
hn khng kh. Oxi ha lng -183 0C . Oxi lng c mu xanh nht.
2/ Tnh cht ha hc: Kh oxi l 1 n cht phi kim rt hot ng, c bit nhit
cao, d dng tham gia phn ng ha hc vi nhiu phi kim, nhiu kim loi v hp
cht. Trong cc hp cht ha hc, nguyn t oxi c ha tr II.
t
t
SO 2(k)
4P(r) +5O 2(k)
2P2 O5(r)
V d: S(r) +O2(k)
0

CH 4(k) + 2O2(k) t CO 2(k) + 2H 2O

t
3Fe (r) +2O 2(k)
Fe3O 4(r)

II/ S OXI HA PHN NG HO HP - NG DNG CA OXI:

1. S tc dng ca oxi vi 1 cht l s oxi ha
2. Phn ng ho hp l phn ng ha hc trong ch c 1 cht mi (sn phm) c
to thnh t hai hay nhiu cht ban u.
t
CaO+H 2O Ca(OH) 2
V d:
Mg+S
MgS
3.ng dng ca oxi: Kh oxi cn cho s h hp ca ngi v ng vt, cn t
nhin liu trong i sng v sn xut.
III/ OXIT:
1.nh ngha oxit: Oxit l hp cht ca 2 nguyn t, trong c 1 nguyn t l oxi
Vd: K2O, Fe2O3, SO3, CO2.
2.Cng thc dng chung ca oxit MxOy
- M: k hiu mt nguyn t khc (c ha tr n)
- Cng thc MxOy theo ng quy tc v ha tr. n.x = II.y
3. Phn loi: Gm 2 loi chnh: oxit axit v oxit baz
Vd: Oxit axit: CO2, SO3, P2O5.
Oxit baz: K2O,CaO, ZnO
4. Cch gi tn oxit :
a. Oxit baz: Tn oxit = tn kim loi(km theo ha tr) + oxit.
VD: K2O: kali oxit
CuO: ng (II) oxit
b. Oxit axit
Tn oxit = tn phi kim (km tin t ch s nguyn t phi kim) + oxit (km tin t ch
s nguyn t oxi)
VD: N2O5: init pentaoxit
SiO2: silic ioxit
IV/ IU CH OXI PHN NG PHN HY:
1/ iu ch kh oxi trong phng th nghim:
- Nhit phn nhng cht giu oxi v d b phn hy ra oxi (KMnO4, KClO3 )
- Cch thu:
+ y khng kh
+ y nc.
t
t
2KClO3
2KCl+3O 2
2KMnO 4
K 2 MnO 4 +MnO 2 +O 2
PTP:
2/ Sn xut kh oxi trong cng nghip: dng nc hoc khng kh.
- Cch iu ch:
+ Ho lng khng kh nhit thp v p sut cao, sau cho khng kh lng bay
hi s thu c kh nit -1960C sau l kh oxi -1830C
in phn
+ in phn nc
2H 2 O
2H 2 +O 2
3/ Phn ng phn hy: l phn ng ho hc trong 1 cht sinh ra hai hay nhiu cht
mi.
0

t
t
2Fe(OH)3
Fe 2O 3 +3H 2O
2KNO3
2KNO 2 +O 2
Vd:
- Nhn ra kh O2 bng tn m , O2 lm tn m bng chy.
V/ KHNG KH S CHY:
1.Thnh phn ca khng kh: khng kh l hn hp nhiu cht kh. Thnh phn theo
th tch ca khng kh l: 78 % kh nit, 21% kh oxi, 1% cc cht kh khc ( kh
cacbonic, hi nc, kh him)
2. S chy: l s oxi ha c ta nhit v pht sng
3. S oxi ho chm: l s oxi ha c ta nhit nhng khng pht sng
CHNG V: HIRO NC
I/ TNH CHT CA HIRO :
1/ Tnh cht vt l: Hiro l cht kh, khng mu, khng mi, tan rt t trong nc,
nh nht trong cc kh
2/ Tnh cht ha hc: Kh hiro c tnh kh, nhit thch hp, hiro khng nhng
kt hp c vi n cht oxi, m n cn c th kt hp vi nguyn t oxi trong 1 s
oxit kim loi. Cc phn ng ny u ta nhiu nhit.
t
t
Cu (r) +H 2 O(h)
2H 2 O
VD: a/ 2H 2 +O 2
b/ H 2(k) +CuO(r)
II/ IU CH KH HIRO PHN NG TH:
1/ Trong phng th nghim: Kh H2 c iu ch bng cch cho axit ( HCl hoc
H2SO4 long) tc dng vi kim loi km (hoc st, nhm)
PTHH: Zn+2HCl H 2 +ZnCl2
- Thu kh H2 bng cch y nc hay y khng kh.
- Nhn ra kh H2 bng que m ang chy, H2 chy vi ngn la mu xanh
2/ Trong cng nghip:
di n phn
.
- in phn nc: 2H 2 O
2H 2 +O 2
0

t
CO +H 2
- Kh oxi ca H2O trong kh than: H 2O+C
3/Phn ng th: L phn ng ha hc gia n cht v hp cht, trong nguyn t
ca n cht thay th nguyn t ca 1 nguyn t khc trong hp cht
VD: Fe +H2SO4 FeSO4+H2
III/ NC:
1/ Thnh phn ha hc ca nc:
Nc l hp cht to bi 2 nguyn t l hiro v oxi.
- Chng ha hp:
+ Theo t l v th tch l 2 phn hiro v 1 phn oxi
+ Theo t l v khi lng l 1 phn hiro v 8 phn oxi
2/ Tnh cht ca nc:
a/ Tnh cht vt l: Nc l cht lng, khng mu, khng mi, khng v, si 100 0C,
ha rn 00C,
d =1g/ml, ha tan c nhiu cht rn, lng, kh
b/ Tnh cht ha hc:
* Tc dng vi kim loi: Nc tc dng vi 1 s kim loi nhit thng ( nh
Na, K, Ca,) to thnh baz v hiro. Vd: 2Na + 2H 2 O 2NaOH + H 2
* Tc dng vi 1 s oxit baz
- Nc tc dng vi 1 s oxit baz to thnh baz. Dung dch baz lm i mu qu
tm thnh xanh.

VD: CaO + H 2O Ca(OH) 2

*/ Tc dng vi 1 s oxit axit:
- Nc tc dng vi 1 s oxit axit to thnh axit. Dung dch axit lm i mu qu tm
thnh .
VD: P2O5 + 3H 2O 2H 3PO 4
V/ AXIT BAZ MUI:
1/ AXIT:
1/ nh ngha:Axit l hp cht m phn t gm 1 hay nhiu nguyn t hiro lin kt
vi gc axit
2/ Phn loi v gi tn:
a/ Axit khng c oxi: HCl, H2S, HBr, HF
Tn axit = Axit + tn phi kim + hiric
VD: HCl: axit clohiric
b/ Axit c oxi: H2SO4, HNO3, H3PO4, H2CO3..
** Axit c nhiu nguyn t oxi:Tn axit = Axit + tn phi kim + ic
VD: H2SO4: axit sunfuric
** Axit c t nguyn t oxi:Tn axit = Axit + tn phi kim +
VD: H2SO3: axit sunfur
2/ BAZ:
1/ nh ngha: Baz l hp cht m phn t gm 1 nguyn t kim loi lin kt vi 1
hay nhiu nhm hiroxit (- OH)
2/ Phn loi v gi tn:
- Da vo tnh tan trong nc, baz chia lm 2 loi:
+ Baz tan gi l kim ( Vd: NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2,..)
+ Baz khng tan (Vd: Cu(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3,..)
- Tn baz = tn kim loi (km ha tr nu kim loi c nhiu ha tr) + hirxit.
VD: NaOH : natri hiroxit
Fe(OH)3 : st (III) hiroxit
3/ MUI:
1/ nh ngha: Mui l hp cht m phn t gm c nguyn t kim loi lin kt vi
gc axit
2/ Phn loi v gi tn:
- Da vo thnh phn phn t, mui chia lm 2 loi:
+ Mui trung ha: l mui m trong gc axit khng c nguyn t hiro (Vd: NaCl,
CaCO3,)
+ Mui axit: l mui m trong gc axit cn c nguyn t hiro (Vd: NaH 2PO4,
Na2HPO4,)
- Tn mui = tn kim loi (km ha tr nu kim loi nhiu ha tr) + tn gc axit
VD: Al2(SO4)3 : nhm sunfat
KHCO3: kali hirocacbonat
CHNG VI: DUNG DCH
I/ DUNG DCH:
- Dung dch l hn hp ng nht ca dung mi v cht tan
- nhit xc nh:
+ Dung dch cha bo ha l dung dch c th ha tan thm cht tan
+ Dung dch bo ha l dung dch khng th ha tan thm cht tan
- Mun cht rn tan nhanh trong nc, ta thc hin 1, 2 hoc c 3 bin php
sau:khuy dung dch, un nng dung dch, nghin nh cht rn.
II/ TAN CA MT CHT TRONG NC:

- tan (S) ca 1 cht l s gam cht tan c trong 100g nc to thnh dung
dch bo ha 1 nhit xc nh.
- tan ca cht rn s tng nu tng nhit . tan ca cht kh s tng nu gim
nhit v tng p sut
III/ NNG DUNG DCH:
- Nng phn trm cho bit s gam cht tan c trong 100g dung dch:
C% =

mct
x100%
m dd

- Nng mol cho bit s mol cht tan trong 1 lt dung dch:
CM =

n
( mol / l )
V

Khi lng dung dch mdd=mct+ mdm

m

dd
Khi lng ring dung dch Ddd = V
dd
20 N TP HC K II
1
I : TRC NGHIM (6 )Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
1. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng v oxi?
A. L cht kh khng mu ,khng mi
C. t tan trong nc
B. L cht kh nh hn khng kh
D.Duy tr s chy
2. Thnh phn ca khng kh v th tch gm :
A.21% kh nit, 78% kh oxi, 1% cc kh khc
B. 21% cc kh khc, 78% kh nit,1% kh oxi
C.21% kh oxi, 78% kh nit, 1% cc kh khc
D.21% kh oxi,78% cc kh khc,1% kh nit
p n C
3. CTHH no vit sai?
A. Na2O
B. CuO
C. Cu2O
D. MgO2
4. Dung dch baz lm i mu qu tm thnh:
A. Xanh
B. Vng
C.
D. Trng
5. Kh hiro:
A. Ch tc dng vi kh oxi v ng oxit CuO
B.Tc dng c vi oxi v mt s kim loi nhit thch hp
C.Tc dng c vi nhiu n cht (kim loi, phi kim ) v hp cht.
D.Tc dng c vi oxi v mt s oxit kim loi nhit thch hp
6. Ngi ta thu kh H2 bng cch y nc l da vo tnh cht :
A. Nh hi nc
B. Nh hn khng kh
C. t tan trong nc
D.
C tnh kh
7. C th dng qu tm phn bit cc dung dch :
A. Ca(OH)2 , HCl , H2SO4
B. NaOH , H2SO4 , ZnCl2
C. Ca(OH)2 , NaOH , H2SO4
D. NaCl , NaOH , Na2SO4
8. Dung dch l mt hn hp:
A. Ca cc cht trong cht lng
B. ng nht ca dung mi v cht tan
C. ng nht ca cht rn v dung mi
D. Ca cht rn trong cht lng
9. Ho tan 5 gam mui n vo 45 gam nc.Nng dung dch l :
A. 15 %
B. 10 %
C. 20 %
D. 25 %
10. Cho 200g dd NaOH 10%, s mol NaOH c trong dd l:

A. 0,5mol
B. 0,4 mol
C. 1 mol
D. 0,6 mol
Phn 2 : T LUN ( 4 im )
Bi 1 :( 1 )Hon thnh cc PTHH sau:
a.
P + O2

b.
SO3 + H2O

c.
Na2O + H2O
d.
Fe + O2

Gii: a.4P +5O2 2P2O5

b.SO3 + H2O H2SO4
c. Na2O +H2O 2NaOH
d. 3Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4
Bi 2 :( 1 )
iu ch oxi bng 31,6 gam KMnO4.
a.Vit PTHH xy ra?
b. Tnh th tch kh oxi thu c ktc?
Bi 3 :( 2 )Ho tan 28,2g K2O vo 40 g nc .
a. Sau P, cht no d?
b. Xc nh nng % ca dung dch sau P?
2
I/ TRC NGHIM:
Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau ( 4 )
Cu 1 :Cc cht cho trong dy u l oxit :
A/ SO2 , CaO, N2O5 , H3PO4, SO3
B/ NaOH , HCl , P2O5 , SO3 , Al2O3
C/ SO2 , MgO , P2O5 , K2O , ZnO
D/ Al2O3 , CO2 , ZnO, CaCO3 , K2O
Cu 2 :Phn ng H2 tc dng vi st (III) oxit thuc loi phn ng :
A/ phn ng th
B/ phn ng ha hp
C/ phn ng phn hy
Cu 3 :Dy hp cht no sau y ln lt l Oxit, Axit, Baz, Mui.
A/ NaOH, CuO, NaCl, H2SO4
B/ H2SO4, NaCl, NaOH, CuO
C/ CuO, H2SO4, NaOH, NaCl.
D/ CuO, NaCl, H2SO4, NaOH
Cu 4 :Trong cc cp cht sau, cp cht no u c dung iu ch oxi trong
phng th nghim:
A/ CuSO4, HgO B/ K2SO4, KMnO4
C/ H2O, KClO3
D/ KClO3, KMnO4
Cu 5 Dung dch HCl 10% c ngha l:
A/ C 10gam cht tan l HCl trong 100 gam nc.
B/ C 10gam cht tan l HCl
trong 100 gam dung dch HCl.
C/ C 90 gam cht tan l nc trong 100 gam dung dch axit cho.
D/ C 90 gam cht tan l HCl trong 100 gam dung dch axit cho.
II/ T LUN (6 im )
Bi 1 :(1,5 im)Nu tnh cht ha hc ca hiro?vit phng trnh minh ha ?
Bi 2 :Hon thnh cc phng trnh ha hc sau?
a) CuO + H2 H2O + Cu
b) Fe + CuCl2 FeCl2
+
Cu
c) Al2O3 + 3H2SO4
Al2(SO4)3 +
3H2O
d) 2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
Bi 3 :(3)Ngi ta iu ch kh oxi trong phng th nghim bng cch nung
24,5gam kali clorat KClO3
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng v tnh th tch kh oxi thu c ( ktc)
b) thu c th tch kh oxi nh trn , nu dng kali pemanganat KMnO4 th phi
cn bao nhiu gam
KMnO4 .
Cho K=39 , Cl =35,5 , Mn = 55 , O =16
to

3
I/ TRC NGHIM (4 )Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 : Dy cht no sau y thuc loi oxit baz?
A/ CO2 , SO2 , CaO
B/ CaO , Na2O , CuO
C/ Fe2O3 , CuO , CO2 D/
CaO , Fe2O3 , SO2
Cu 2 :Dung dch a xit lm qu tm ho thnh :
A/ Xanh
B/ Vng
C/ Tm
D/
Cu 3 : S gam KMnO4 cn dng iu ch c 2,24 lt kh oxi (ktc) l:
A/ 40,8g
B/ 31,6g
C/ 25,7g
D/ 19,6g
Cu 4 : Nng mol ca 2,5 lt dung dch c ho tan 234g NaCl l :
A/ 2,6M
B/ 2M
C/ 1,7M
D/ 1,6M .
Cu 5 : Hidro l cht kh .
A/ Chy to nhiu nhit v khng c tnh kh B/Nh hn khng kh c tnh o xi ho
C/Nh nht , c tnh kh
D/Nng hn khng kh,c tnh kh
Cu 6 :Phn ng no sau y l phn ng th :
A/ 4P + 5O2 2P2O5
B/ 2 KClO3 2 KCl + 3O2
C/ Zn + 2HCl
ZnCl2 + H2
D/ 2 Cu + O2 2 CuO
II/ T LUN (6 )
1/ Trnh by tnh cht ha hc ca oxi. Vit phng trnh phn ng minh ho
2/ Cho 19,5g Zn vo axit H2SO4 long, d thu c bao nhiu lt hidro(ktc) ?
Nu thay th Zn bng Al,th mun c th tch H2(ktc) nh trn,cn bao nhiu
gam nhm ?
to

to

to

4
A/TRC NGHIM: Hy chn cu tr li ng nht (4 )
Cu 1: Phn ng ha hc no sau y l phn ng ha hp
a.C + O2

CO2
b.Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O

c.NaOH + HCl

NaCl + H2O d.CaCO3

CaO + CO2
p n : a
Cu 2: Dy cht no sau y gm ton cc oxit axit
a.CO2, BaO, NO b.SO3, P2O5, CO2
c.K2O, FeO, NO2
d.CuO, MgO, NO
Cu 3: Phn ng ha hc no sau y l phn ng phn hy
aCaO + CO2 CaCO3
b.Cu(OH) 2 CuO + H2O
t0
c.S + O2
SO2
d.NaOH + HCl

NaCl + H2O
Cu 4: Cht no sau y lm qu tm ha
a.H2SO4
b.H2O
c.NaCl
d.KOH
Cu 5: Dy cht no sau y gm ton cc baz
a.NaOH, HCl, NaCl
b.KOH, H2SO4, KCl
c.Ba(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, KOH
d.Fe(OH)3, CuO, MgCl
Cu 6: Ha tan 15 gam mui n vo 105gam nc. Nng phn trm ca dung dch
mui n l:
a.11%
b.11,5%
c.12%
d.12,5%
B/T LUN:
Cu 1: Lp cc phng trnh ha hc sau: (2 )
a. Lu hunh trioxit + nc Axit sunfuric

b.St (III) oxit + hir
St + nc
to

to

to

to

Cu 2: Cho 5,4 gam nhm phn ng hon ton vi dung dch axitclohidric(HCl) to
ra nhm clorua( AlCl3) v kh hidr.
a.Vit PTHH ca phn ng
b.Tnh th tch hidro thu c ktc
5
I/TRC NGHIM (4 )Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 Nhng cht no sau y l oxit axit ?
A/ P2O5 , Mn2O7 , FeO , CaO
B/ CuO , MnO2 , CO2 , K2O
C/ SO2 , N2O5 , P2O5 , CO2
D/K2O , NO , CO , MgO
Cu 2 Dy cc cht no sp xp theo th t oxit,axit,baz,mui?
A/ H2O, CuO, H2SO4, HCl
B/ HCl, Zn, KClO3,Cu(OH)2
C/ H2SO4, Fe, CuSO4, Na2CO3.
D/Al2O3 , HCl, NaOH, NaCl.
Cu3: Phn ng no sau y l phn ng phn hy?
A/CaO + H2O
Ca(OH)2
B/ 4P
+ 5O2 to
2P2O5
C/ 2KMnO4
to
K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
D/ Fe2O3 + CO to 2FeO + CO2
to
Cu 4: Cho phn ng sau: CuO + H2
Cu + H2O
Phn ng ny thuc loi phn ng g?
A/Phn ng phn hy B/Phn ng ha hp C/Phn ng th
D/C a v c
Cu 5: A c tnh cht ha hc sau: nhit cao A c th tc dng vi nhiu kim loi,
Phi kim, hp cht. Vy A l:
A/n cht oxi
B/n cht hiro
C/Hp cht nc
D/Hp cht oxit
Cu 6: S mol KMnO4 cn dng iu ch 0,25mol kh oxi l:
A/ 0,1mol
B/0,5mol
C/0,25mol
D/ 0,4mol
Cu 7:Trong 200ml dung dch c ha tan 16g CuSO4 . Nng mol ca dung dch l:
A/0,5M
B/0,25M
C/1M
D/ 2M
II/ T LUN (6,0 )
Bi 1 :(1) Ha tan 25g NaCl vo 55g nc .Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch?
Bi 2 :(2 ) Cho bit khi lng mol ca mt oxit kim loi l 160g,thnh phn v
khi lng ca kim loi trong oxit l 70%.Lp cng thc ha hc ca oxit .Gi tn
oxit .
Bi 3 :(3) Ha tan hon ton 12 g Magie (Mg) trong 34,3g axit sunfuric(H2SO4) to
thnh mui Magi sunfat (MgSO4) v kh hiro .
a/ Tnh khi lng cht cn tha ?
b/ Tnh khi lng Magie sunfat (MgSO4) thu c ?
c)Tnh th tch ( ktc) ca kh hiro to thnh.
( Cho S = 32 , H = 1 ,O = 16, Mg = 24 , Fe = 56 , Na = 23 , Cl = 35,5 ,Cu = 64)
6
I Trc nghim (6)Khoanh trn mt ch ci A,B,C hoc D ng trc cu tr li
ng.
Cu 1: Khi lng ca NaOH c trong 1,5 lt d.d HCl 1M l:
A. 20g;
B. .30g ;
C 40g;
D.60g
Cu 2: Dy cht no sau y tc dng vi nc nhit thng:
A. Na , P2O5 ,CaO,MgO.
B. Ba, SiO2,CaO, N2O5 .
C. K, P2O5 ,CaO, SO3 .
D. Ca, CuO, SO3 ,CO2 .
Cu 3:Dy hp cht no di y c xp theo th t l : oxit, axit, baz, mui

A .CuO, HCl, NaOH, AgNO3 .

B. CuO, HCl, AgNO3 ,NaOH.
C. CuO, NaOH ,HCl, AgNO3 .
D . CuO, AgNO3 , NaOH , HCl.
Cu 4 : tan ca mui n trong nc 25oC l 36g c ngha l
A Trong 100g dung dch mui n c cha 36g mui
B Trong 1lit nc ho tan 36g mui n to thnh dd bo ho
C Trong 100ml nc c ho tan 1mol mui n
D Trong 100g nc c ho tan ti a 36g mui n to thnh dd bo ho
Cu 5:Ho tan 2g ng vo 48g nc .Nng % ca dd ng thu c l:
A. 2% ;
B. 4% ;
C .1%
;
D .3%
Cu 6: 0,5 mol kh H2 (ktc ) c khi lng l :
A. 11,2g ; B. 22,4g ; C. 1g
; D. 2g .
II/T lun(4):
Cu 1 : (2 ) c tn cc oxit sau SO3,CaO,Fe2O3,N2O5 v cho bit n thuc loi oxit
g ?
Cu 2 (2): Cho 6,5g km Zn phn ng hon ton vi dd HCl 1M
a /Tnh th tch hiro thu oc ktc?
b /Tnh th tch dd HCl 1M dng ?
7
I/ TRC NGHIM (4d)Hy khoanh trn vo ch ci u cu khng nh ng trong
cc cu sau :
Cu 1: Kh Oxi l mt cht :
A. Tan t trong nc , nng hn khng kh ;
B. Tan nhiu trong nc , nh hn
khng kh
C. Tan nhiu trong nc,nng hn khng kh ; D. Tan t trong nc ,nh hn khng
kh
Cu 2: Cho cc PTHH sau :
a. CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
b. 2HgO
2Hg + O2
c. 3Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4
d. Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
P th l : A. b
B. c
C. d
D. a
Cu 3: Oxit l :
A. Hp cht c cha hai nguyn t ;
B. Hp cht c cha nguyn t Oxi
C. Hp cht ca Oxi vi mt nguyn t khc ; D. Hp cht ca Oxi vi cc nguyn
t khc
Cu 4: Mt Oxit ca lu hunh,trong lu hunh chim 40% v khi lng.Oxit
l :
A. SO2
B. SO
C. SO3
D. S2O4
Cu 5: t chy ht 1,2 g Cacbon trong khng kh va ,thu c CO2.Th tch
ca khng kh dng l : A. 1,12 lit
B. 11,2 lit
C. 0,56 lit
D. 2,24 lit
( Bit rng V khng kh = 5VO2 )
Cu 6: Mun phn bit cc dung dch Axit, Mui n, Kim th phi dng :
A. Nc ct
B. Kim loi Bc
C. Kh CO2
D. Qu tm
Cu 7: Nc phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong nhm no sau y ?
A. Na,CuO,SO3
B. Na, P2O5,SO3
C. K,CaO,Al2O3
D.
SO2,CuO,CO2
to

to

Cu 8 : Dng Kh Hiro kh ng(II) oxit.Th tch kh Hiro (KTC) cn dng

iu ch
3,2 gam ng l : A. 1,12 lit
B. 2,24 lit
C. 4,48 lit
D.
6,72 lit
II/ T LUN(4 )
Cu 1 : (1,5 ) . Cho cc s phn ng sau :
a/ Na + O2
Na2O
b/ Na2O +......
NaOH
Lp PTHH ca cc P trn.Gi tn cc sn phm to thnh
Cu 2 :( 2,5 ) t chy ht 3,1 gam Pht pho trong l kh Oxi va .
a/ Lp PTHH ca P trn v tnh khi lng sn phm to thnh.
b/ Th tch kh Oxi trn c th tc dng c ht bao nhiu lit kh Hiro ( KTC)
8
I/ TRC NGHIM (4)Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 : Dy no l oxt baz .
A/Na2O; K2O; SO2 B/MgO; P2O5; SO2 C/Na2O; K2O; MgO D/P2O5; N2O5; MgO
Cu 2 :Dy no l hp cht mui
A/ NaOH; KHSO4; NaCl
B/ H2SO4; HCl; CuSO4
C/ KHSO4; NaCl; CuSO4
D/ KOH; Cu(OH)2; H2SO4
Cu 3 :Cng thc ha hc ca mui Canxi ihir phtpht l :
A/ Ca(H2PO4)2
B/ CaH2PO4
C/ Ca(HPO4)2
D/ Ca2HPO4
Cu 4 :Ha tan 30(g) mui n vo 210g nc. Nng % ca mui n l :
A/ 17%
B/ 13,5%
C/ 12,5%
D/ 12%
Cu 5 :C 0,75 mol MgCl2 trong 1,5 (l) dd. Nng mol ca dung dch l :
A/ 0,7M
B/ 0,5M
C/ 2M
D/ 0,1M
Cu 6 :C 3 l ng cc kh sau : xi; khng kh; hir. Bng th nghim no c th
nhn bit mi kh :
A/ Dng que m ang chy
B/t ln lt mi kh
C/ Dng nc vi trong
D/ Tt c u sai
Phn 2 : T LUN ( 6im )
Bi 1 (2 ) Lp PTHH cc phn ng c s sau :
a/ i phtpho penta oxt + nc Axt phtphoric
b/ ng (II) xt + Hyr
ng + nc
Cho bit cc phn ng trn thuc phn ng g ?
Bi 2( 2,5 ).Cho 11,2g st tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long c cha 12,25g
H2SO4
a/Cht no cn d sau phn ng v d bao nhiu gam ?
b/Tnh th tch kh Hyr thu c iu kin tiu chun ?

9
I/ TRC NGHIM (4)
Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 :Ha 4 gam NaOH vo nc thu c 2 lit dung dch . Dung dch mi c
nng l :
A/0,01M
B/0,1M
C/0,5M
D/0,05M

Cu 2 :Dung dch Canxi hirxit Ca(OH)2 lm qu tm :

A/ Ha xanh
B/ Ha
C/Ha vng
D/Khng i mu
Cu 3 :t chy hon ton 6,2 gam Phtpho trong xi th tch kh xi cn dng
ktc l : A/ 56 lit
B/ 0,56 lit
C/ 5,6 lit
D/0,056 lit
Cu 4 :Hp cht SiO2 c tn gi l :
A/ Silic ixit
B/Silic(IV) xit
C/Silic xit
D/i silic xit
Cu 5 :Khi tng nhit th tan ca cc cht rn trong nc
A/u tng
B/u gim
C/Phn ln l tng
D/Khng tng v cng
khng gim
Phn 2 : T LUN : ( 6 im )
Bi 1:Tnh s gam cht tan cn dng pha ch mi dung dch sau:
a.
2,5 lit dung dch KOH o,4M
b.
50 gam dung dch MgCl2 4%
Bi 2 :Kh 32 gam st (III) xit bng kh hir . Hy:
a.
Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b.
Tnh khi lng st thu sau phn ng .
c.
c c lng kh hir (ktc) cn dng cho phn ng trn th phi dng
bao nhiu gam km tc dng vi dung dch axit clohiric ?
(Cho Fe = 56, O = 16, Na = 23, H =1, P = 31, K = 39)
10
I/ Phn trc nghim: (6) Em hy khoanh trn vo u cu tr li m em cho l
ng nht.
Cu 1: Dy cc Oxit no ho tan c trong nc.
A/ Na2O, CuO, SO3, P2O5.
B/ Na2O, K2O, SO3, P2O5.
C/ SiO2, Na2O, K2O, SO3.
C/ K2O, CuO, SiO2, SO3.
Cu 2:Nhn xt no sau y l ng:
A/ Dung dch Axit lm qu tm ho B/ Dung dch Baz lm qu ho xanh.
C/ Dung dch Mui lm qu tm ho
D/ A v B ng.
II/ Phn t lun ( 6 )
Cu1 ( 1,5) :Lp phng trnh ho hc cc phn ng c s sau y:
a/ Dinit pentaoxit + Nc
Axit Nitric.
b/ St (III) Oxit
+ Hidro
St + Nc
Cho bit cc phn ng trn thuc loi phn ng ho hc g?
Cu 2: ( 2,5 )
Cho 2,3g Na tc dng vi 97,8g nc.
a/ Tnh th tch kh Hidro sinh ra ( dkc)?
b/ Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch to thnh sau phn ng?
(Cho: C=12, O= 16, Na=23, H=1)
Cu 3: ( 2 ) T glucz ( C6H12O6) v nc ct , hy trnh by cch pha ch
200g
Dung dch glucz 2%.
11
I/ TRC NGHIM (4) Hy khoanh trn vo A,B,C hay D m em cho l ng
nht..

1/Cc cht cho trong dy u l oxit

A/SO2, CaO, H3PO4, SO3
B/CaO, Na2O, P2O5, K2O
C/NaOH, HCl, P2O5, SO3
D/CaCO3, CO2, Al2O3, K2O
2/C th dng qu tm phn bit c cc dung dch
A/NaOH, Ca(OH)2
B/NaOH, HCl, ZnCl2
C/HCl, H2SO4, Ca(OH)2 D/ZnCl2, NaCl, HCl
3/Tnh nng phn trm ca 450ml nc c ha tan 50gCuCl2.Kt qu s l:
A/ 10%
B/ 20%
C/ 11%
D/ 15%
4/t chy hon ton 32g lu hunh th th tch(ktc) ca kh oxi cn dng l:
A/12 lt
B/22,4 lt C/11,2 lt D/33,6 lt
II/ T LUN: (6 )
1/Lp phng trnh ha hc ca cc phn ng c s sau y v xc nh chng
thuc loi phn ng no ? (2)

a/St(III) oxit
+
Hir
St + Nc

b/Kali clorat
Kali clorua
+
Kh oxi
2/(2,5).Cho 6,5g km vo bnh ng dung dch cha 19,6g axit sunfuric long
(H2SO4).
a/Vit phng trnh ha hc
b/Tnh th tch kh hir thu c iu kin tiu chun?
c/Sau phn ng cht no cn d? Khi lng d l bao nhiu?
to

to

12
I/ Trc nghim : (4) Hy khoanh trn vo cu tr li m em cho l ng .
1/ Mt Oxit ca nit c phn t khi bng 108.Cng thc ha hc ca Oxit l:
A/ NO
B/ NO2
C/ N2O3
D/ N2O5
2/ Dy cc cht no sau y u gm cc cht u l oxit axit ?
A/ SO3 , P2O5 ,SiO2 ,CO2
B/ SO3 , P2O5 , Fe2O3 ,CO2
C/ SO3 , P2O5 , SiO2 ,Fe2O3
D/ SO3 , P2O5 ,CuO ,CO2
3/Dy cc cht no sau y gm cc Axit v Baz ?
A/ K2SO4 ,Mg(OH)2 , Al(OH)3 ,H2SO4
B/Mg(OH)2 ,
Al(OH)3 ,H2SO4 ,H3PO4
C/ Mg(OH)2 ,H2SO4 ,H3PO4 ,NaHCO3
D/Mg(OH)2 ,
Al(OH)3 ,H2SO4 , NaHCO3
4/Cho cc phn ng sau:
MgCO3
MgO + CO2 (1)
2HgO
2Hg
+ O2 (3)
2KClO3
2KCl + 3O2 (2) 2KMnO4 K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 (4)
Fe + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2 (5)
Phn ng dng iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim l:
A/ 1,2
B/ 2,3
C/ 3,4
D/ 2,4

5/ C phng trnh ho hc
2Mg + O2
2MgO
2,4g
?g
4,0 g
Khi lng ca O2 tham gia phn ng l: a/ 1,6g
b/ 6,4g
c/ 2,0 g
d/ 3,5g
II/T lun: (6im)

1/Vit phng trnh ha hc xy ra khi cho nc ln lc tc dng vi Na ,CaO,

P2O5 .Trong cc phn ng trn ,phn ng no thuc loi phn ng th ?Gii thch ?
(2)
2/ Vit nhanh cng thc ha hc v tnh phn t khi ca cc hp cht .(1)
a/ Pb (II) v NO3
b/ Ca v PO4
c/ Fe (III) v Cl
d/ Ag v SO4
(Pb = 207 ; Fe = 56 ;Ca = 40 ;P = 31; N = 14;Ag = 108; S = 32; Cl = 35,5)
3/(3)Cho 5,4 gam nhm phn ng hon ton vi dung dch axitclohiddric theo s
sau:
Al + HCl

AlCl3 + H2
a/Lp phng trnhha hc ca phn ng trn.
b/Tnh th tch hiddro thu c ktc.
c/Tnh khi lng mui AlCl3 to thnh sau phn ng.
(Cho Al=27 , Cl=35,5)
13
I/ TRC NGHIM: (4 ) Hy khoanh trn ch ci ng u cu.
Cu 1: Cho bit dy baz no sau y tan c trong nc
A/ Zn (OH)2, KOH, Cu (OH)2,
B/ NaOH, Ca (OH)2, Zn (OH)2, KOH
C/ NaOH, Ba (OH)2, Ca (OH)2, KOH
D/ Cu (OH)2, Ba (OH)2, KOH, Fe (OH)2
Cu 2: Hn hp kh gm 11,2 lit H2 v 3,36 lit O2 (ktc) c khi lng l:
A/ 2,6g
B/ 3,2g
C/ 5,4 g
D/ 4,8g
Cu 3: Ho tan 2g ng vo nc c 50 g dung dch nng % ca dung dch
ng thu c l:
A/ 2%
B/ 4%
C/ 1%
D/ 3%
Cu 4: Khoanh trn vo cu ch cc oxit baz .
A/ HgO, CuO, Mn2O7, SO2
B/ CaO, FeO, Na2O, K2O
C/ CO2, SO2, SO3, N2 O5,
D/ H2SO4, Al2O3, Fe2O3
Cu 5:S mol AgNO3 c trong 500ml dung dch 5M l:
A/ 2,5 mol
B/ 5mol
C/ 10 mol
D/ 170 mol
Cu 6: Tnh s gam nc thu c khi cho 8,4 lit kh H2tc dng vi 2,8 lit kh O2
(cc th tch ktc)
A/ 3,6 g
B/ 4,5 g
C/ 4,8 g
D/ 5,4 g
II/ T LUN (6 im)
Cu 1: Lp cc PTHH sau v cho bit cc phn ng trn thuc loi phn ng ho hc
no?
B/ Pht pho + kh oxi
i phot pho pen ta oxit
C/ St + Axit clohiric
St (II) clorua + kh hiro
D/ Ka liclorat
Ka li clorua + Kh oxi
14
I/ TRC NGHIM(5 )Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau : ( mi cu 0,5
im
Cu 1 :Oxit axit tng ngvi H2CO3 c cng thc ho hc l:
A/ S2O
B/ CO2
C/ NO2
D/P2O5
Cu 2 :Dung dch no lm lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh:

A/H2SO4
B/ KOH
C/ BaSO4
D/ HCl
Cu 3 :Trong phng th nghim c cc kim loi :Al,Zn,Fe,Mgv dung dch HCl.Cho
cng mt khi lngkim loi trntc dng ht vi dd HCl thkim loi no cho ra
nhiu H2 hn:
A/Zn
B/Al
C/Fe
D/Mg
Cu 4 :Khi lng NaOH c trong250gdung dch 10 l:
A/25g
B/10g
C/15g
D/30g
Cu 5 :Ho tan 20gNaOH vo nc c 200ml dung dch NaOH.Nng mol ca
dung dch l:A/5M
B/2.5M
C/1.25M
D/2.25M
Cu 6 Lm bay hi 15g nc t ddNaOH 15% th c dd NaOH 18% .Khi lng
ca dd ban u l:
A/120g
B/110g
C/70g
D/90g
II/ T LUN ( 5,0)
Bi 1 :(1.5 )Lp phng trnh ho hc ,xc nh s kh ,s oxiha ,cht kh, cht
oxihoa ca cc s sau:
a.HgO +H2 ...........Hg + H2O
b..Fe2O3 +CO.........Fe+CO2
c.CuO + H2 ..........Cu + H2O
Bi 2 :(2)Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch kh oxi bng nung nng hon
ton 49g Kaliclorat KClO3.
a.Tnh th tch kh oxi sinh ra iu kin tiu chun.
b.t chy 12.4g pht pho trong kh oxi sinh ra t phn ng trn. Tnh khi lng
sn phm to thnh.
15
I/ TRC NGHIM ( 5)Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 :Hai cht kh ch yu trong khng kh l:
A/O2, H2
B/ N2, H2
C/ O2,N2
D/ CO2,O2
Cu 2 :25 gam dung dch ng nng 10% c cha mt lng ng l:
A/1,2g
B/2,5g
C/3,5g
D/1,5g
Cu 3 : c dung dch KOH 32% khi lng nc cn dng ha tan 40 gam
KOH l
A/50g
B/60g
C/80g
D/85g
Cu 4: Nng mol ca 2,5 lt dung dch c ha tan 234 gam NaCl l:
A/2,6M
B/2M
C/1,7 M
D/1,6 M
I/T LUN ( 5,0 )
Bi 1 :(1.5 )Vit phng trnh ha hc thc hin dy chuyn ha sau:
KClO3 O2 CaO Ca(OH)2 CaCO3

SO2 H2SO3
Bi 2 :(2)Cho 6,5 gam Km phn ng hon ton vi vi dung dch HCl 1M.
a. Vit PTHH ca phn ng xy ra ?
b. Tnh th tch kh hir thu c ktc ?
c. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 1M dng ?
16
I/TRC NGHIM (4)Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 :Dy cht no sau y l oxit baz?
A/CaO, ZnO, CO2, MgO, CuO
B/ Na2O, Al2O3, Mn2O7, CuO, CaO

C/CaO, ZnO, Na2O, Al2O3, Fe2O3

D/MgO, CO,Na2O, Al2O3, Fe2O3
Cu 2 :Dung dch HCl 8% c ngha l:
A/C 8 gam cht tan l HCl trong 100 gam nc.
B/C 8 gam cht tan l HCl trong 100 gam dung dch HCl.
C/C 92 gam cht tan l HCl trong 100 gam dung dch axit cho.
D/C 92 gam cht tan l nc trong 100 gam dung dch axit cho.
Cu 3 :Cho cc phn ng ho hc sau :
a/ 4P + 5O2 to 2P2O5
b/ 2KClO3 to 2KCl + 3O2
c/ 2Cu + O2 to 2CuO
d/ 2HgO to 2Hg + O2 .
Cc phn ng ho hp l :A/b,d
B/a, c
C/ c, d
D/a, b
Cu 4 :Cho nc vo ng nghim ng CaO, th mu giy qu tm vo ng nghim
, qu tm chuyn sang mu: A/
B/Vng
C/Khng i mu
D/Xanh
Cu 5 :Pha trn 200 ml ru etylic vo 500 ml nc ta c dung dch ru etylic,
vy:
A/Nc l cht tan, ru l dung mi.
B/Nc l dung mi, ru l cht tan.
C/Nc v ru u l cht tan
D/ Nc v ru u l dung mi.
Cu 6 :t chy hon ton 1,12 lt CH4 trong oxi . Th tch kh oxi cn dng l:(bit
th tch cc cht kh o ktc) A/1,12 lit B/11,2 lit
C/ 2,24 lit
D/ 22,4
lit
II/ T LUN( 6 )
Bi 1:Hon thnh cc phng trnh ha hc sau v cho bit chng l loi phn ng g ?
a/ KMnO4
K2MnO4
+ MnO2
+?
b/ Mg
+ O2
MgO
c/ Zn
+ HCl
ZnCl2
+ H2
d/ BaO + H2O
Ba (OH)2
Bi 2 :Dng kh hir kh hon ton 20,25g km oxit nhit cao.
a.
Hy vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b.
Tnh khi lng km sinh ra sau khi phn ng kt thc.
c.
Nu th lng km trn vo mt dd c cha 7,3g axit clohiric, th th
tch kh hir thot ra (ktc) l bao nhiu lit?
( Zn = 65; H = 1; Cl = 35,5; O = 16).
17
I/ TRC NGHIM ( 4 )Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 :Cc cht cho trong dy u l oxit axit :
A/Fe2O3, N2O, PbO, NO2,
B/ SO2, CO2, N2O5, NO2
C/CaO, NaCl, CO2, CaCO3,
D/PbO,MgO, NaCl, SO2
Cu 2 :Cp cht no sau y c dng iu ch kh Hir trong phng th
nghim :
A/Fe v NaCl B/Zn v HCl
C/Cu v HCl
D/S v H2O
Cu 3 :Phn ng no sau y l phn ng th :
A/4P + 5O2 t0
2P2O5
B/ 2 KClO3 t0 2 KCl + 3O2
C/ Zn + 2HCl
ZnCl2 + H2
D/ 2Cu + O2 t0 2CuO
Cu 4 :Nng % ca dung dch A l :
A/S gam cht A c trong 100g dd
B/ S gam cht A c trong 100g nc

C/S gam cht A c trong 1 lt dd

D/ S mol cht A c trong 1 lt dd
II/ T LUN
Bi 1 :Cho 3,25gam km tc dng vi dung dch long cha 43,8 gam axit clohiric
HCl
a) Cht no cn d sau phn ng , d bao nhiu gam?
b)
Tnh th tch hiro thu c (ktc) ?
18
I/ TRC NGHIM (4)Chn phng n ng nht trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 :Nng mol ca dung dch cho bit:
A/S mol cht tan c trong 1 lt dung dch
B/S gam cht tan c trong 1 lt
dung dch
C/S gam cht tan c trong 100 gam nC
D//S mol cht tan c trong 100
gam dung dch
Cu 2:Dy cht no di y thuc loi Oxit baz:
A/CaO,K2O,MgO
B/CO2,Na2O,CaO
C/CO2,Na2O,CuO
D/ CaO,SO3,Na2O
Cu 3 :Oxit axit tng ng vi H2SO4 c cng thc ho hc l:
A/S2O
B/ SO2
C/ SO3
D/S2O3
Cu 4 :Ho tan 20 gam NaOH vo nc c 200 ml dung dch NaOH.Nng mol
ca dung dch l:A/5M
B/2,5M
C/1,25M
D/2,25M
II/ T LUN :( 6 )
Bi 1 :(1,5) Trnh by tnh cht cht ho hc ca nc. Vit PTHH minh ha
Bi 2 :(2,5) Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch oxi bng cch nung nng
hon ton 98g Kaliclorat KClO3
a/ Tnh th tch kh xi (ktc) sinh ra ?
b/ t chy 54g nhm Al trong kh xi sinh ra t phn ng trn. Tnh khi lng sn
phm to thnh ?
Bi 3 :(2 )T mui NaCl, nc ct v nhng dng c cn thit, hy tnh ton v gii
thiu cch pha ch 200g dung dch NaCl 10%
( Cho: Na = 23; O = 16; H = 1; Mg = 24; Fe = 56; Al = 27; Zn = 65; K = 39; Cl =
35,5; P = 31)
19
I/ TRC NGHIM (4 )
Cu 1: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi oxit axit :
a) CuO
b) Fe2O3
c) SO2
d) Na2O
Cu 2 Phn ng ho hc no sau y c xy ra s Oxi ho :
a) 2Cu + O2 2CuO
b) H2O + CaO Ca(OH)2
c) 3 H2O + P2O5 2 H3PO4 d) CaCO3 CaO + CO2
Cu 3: Ho tan ht 5,6 gam kim loi st trong dd H2SO4 . Khi phn ng kt thc s
thu c bao nhiu lt kh H2 (ktc)
a) 2,24 lt
b) 5,6 lt
c) 22,4
lt
d) 11,2 lt
Cu 4: Hp cht no sau y thuc loi hp cht baz:
a) NaCl
b) P2O5
c) HCl
d) NaOH
Cu 5: Nng mol ca 850 ml dd c ho tan 20 gam KNO3 l :
a) 0,233M
b) 23,3M
c) 2,33M
d) 233M
II: T LUN (6 im)

Cu 1: Tnh s gam cht tan cn dng pha ch mi dd sau ?

a) 1,5 lt dung dch NaCl 1M
b) 50 gam dung dch MgCl2 40%
Cu 2: Ho tan va 3,25 gam kim loi km bng dd HCl nng 20%
a) Vit PTHH xy ra ?
b) Tnh th tch kh hiro thu c (ktc) ?
c) Tnh khi lng dd HCl dng ?
(Cho bit : Na=23 ; Cl=35,5 ; Mg= 24 ; Zn = 65 ; H =1 )
20
I/TRC NGHIM (4 )Chn phng n ng t trong cc cu sau :
Cu 1 Ngi ta thu kh oxy bng cch y nc l nh da vo tnh cht:
A/Kh oxy tan trong nc
B/Kh oxy t tan trong nc
C/Kh oxy kh ha lng
D/Kh oxy nh hn nc
Cu 2:Trong s nhng cht c cng thc ha hc di y,cht no khng phn ng
vi nc?
A/CuO
B/CaO
C/Na
D/SO3
Cu 5: Bng cch no c c 250g dung dch NaCl 2%:
A/Ho tan 25g NaCl trong 250g nc.
B/Ho tan 5g NaCl trong 245g nc
C/Ho tan 2g NaCl trong 150g nc
D/Ho tan 7g NaCl trong 200g nc
Cu 8:Th tch kh hir thot ra (ktc) khi c 13 gam km tc dng ht vi
axitsunpuric l:
A/2,24 lt
B/4,48 lt C/22,4 lt
D/44,8 lt
Bi 2(2 ) Lp phng trnh cc phn ng ha hc sau v xc nh chng thuc phn
ng g ?
a. St + Axit clohiric ? + ?
b. Kaliclorat ? + ?
c. Nhm + Oxi ?
d. Kh cacbonic + Magi
? + ?
Bi 3 : (2 ) Cho m gam st (III) Oxit tc dng vi Hidro nhit cao to thnh 8,4
gam st.
a.Vit PTHH xy ra
b.Tnh m ?
c.Tnh th tch Hidro ( KTC ) dng ?( Cho Fe = 56, H = 1, O = 16 )
To