Chng 2: K NNG THUYT TRNH

(Presentation Skill)

NI DUNG
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Mt s cu hi Bc chun b c im ca mt bi thuyt trnh Trnh by bng phng tin trc quan Thuyt trnh bng overhead projector Mt s im cn lu khi thuyt trnh

1. Mt s cu hi
Thuyt trnh l g?
Trnh by mt cch h thng v sng r mt vn trc ng ngi Thi gian trnh by ngn

Ai cn ai?
Ngi ni cn ngi nghe Hay Ngi nghe cn ngi ni

2. Bc chun b

Khng chun b l Chun b cho tht bi

2. Bc chun b
Xc nh tnh hung Phn tch thnh gi v din gi Xc nh mc tiu Thu thp thng tin Xy dng bi thuyt trnh Tp luyn

Xc nh tnh hung
Ti sao c bui thuyt trnh ny Thng tin thng xuyn c cp nht Phn bit gc r vn Chi Ci g c cung cp cho ngi nghe tit vn g bngxy ccra thng s ha Nhng ang lnh vc ha tnhbui hung n Ktgin qu ca trnh ny Nhng g ang thuyt xy ra lnh vc lin nh quan Chia vn thnh nhng phn c th thc hin c th no S nh hng phm vi quc gia, quc t Gii hn vn nh gi mi trng bn ngoi

Phn tch thnh gi v din gi

nh gi vn ha t chc Xc nh thnh gi Phn tch thnh gi Phn tch din gi

nh gi vn ha t chc
Phong cch giao tip trang trng hay khng? n mc trang trng hay khng? Gi lm vic cng nhc hay linh ng? C cu ngang bng hay cp bc? Thi an ton hay mo him?

Xc nh thnh gi
Thnh gi vng lai, bt c d
Ngi gp dp ghp chi; ngi b buc ti

Thnh gi c s
Ngi d bit l chnh

Thnh gi tim n
Ngi d cha xc nh r mc tiu

Thnh gi quyt nh
Ngi d mong mun tht s n ni dung thuyt trnh

Phn tch thnh gi

Nhng thng tin v c nhn ngi nghe:
tui, gii tnh, hc vn, kh nng kinh t, tn gio, ngh nghip, chng tc/dn tc, chnh tr, nh hng ca nn vn ha.

Thi , gi tr v nim tin ca ngi nghe l g?: Chng ta tm hiu v c im tm l ca thnh

gi v d nh ngi nghe ang lm vic cng ty, phng ban no? Lnh vc no?

Nhng mong i ca ngi nghe l g?

Hy tm hiu xem ti sao h li tham d bui thuyt trnh ca chng ta; v d h quan tm n bi thuyt trnh hay h b buc phi nghe?

Phn tch din gi

ng c, mc ch Cm gic, s ch tm S gn gi v hp dn S tin tng ca thnh gi a v v quyn lc

Xc nh mc tiu

Chn ch
Thnh gi mun nghe C tnh mi m

Mnh bit su

Mc ch tng qut
Thng tin Thuyt phc

Gii tr

Mc tiu c th
Ph thuc vo mc ch Ph thuc vo cc phn tch

Ph thuc vo yu cu ca din gi

Thu thp thng tin

Tra cu (ti liu, th vin, Internet )

Phng vn
iu tra D gi Quan st, lng nghe

Ni l Bc, im lng l Vng, lng nghe l Kim cng

Xy dng bi thuyt trnh

B cc mt bi thuyt trnh tt Phn chia ni dung bi thuyt trnh

B cc bi thuyt trnh tt
M u: Gii thiu tng quan, kinh nghim bn thn. Vo mt cch sng to (k chuyn, t cu hi, nu gi thit, hoc nu cc thng tin mi...) Ni dung: Theo Tam on lun v s dng sng to cc phng php trnh by theo:
logic theo th t thi gian t tng th ti c th t iu bit n ci cha bit t nhng iu c chp nhn ti nhng mu thun

Kt lun: Nu c im nhn ca bi trnh by. Cn s dng cc nt tc ng ln ngi nghe bng cc cu hi v hnh ng (bi trnh by c g nn thay i, c g mi hn?...)

Phn chia bi thuyt trnh

Phn trnh by trn cc slide (ti liu)
Trnh by p, ch :
Loi ch v kch c ch, s phn b, nn Dng gch u dng, s, th, hnh v

Video, m thanh

Phn ni
Ngn ng c ch, ging ni, giao tip vi ngi nghe Hiu nhng ti liu trnh by (t tin)

Tp luyn
Mu bt ch cn hn tr nh tt Tr nh m khng bng nt mc m

Tp mt mnh
Tp trc nhm nh

M phng

3. c im ca mt bi thuyt trnh
Ngn gn, r rng S dng ngn ng giao tip S dng hnh nh, video, m thanh S dng phn mm v phng tin h tr

Ngn gn, r rng

Ngn v n gin ni dung R rng v ni dung, t ng S dng mu sc ph hp:
Mu v mu cam s d thu ht s ch nhng kh gi tp trung Mu xanh l cy, xanh da tri v mu nu l nhng mu du hn Khng nn dng mu trng trn nn sm nu khong cch > 20 feet Mu sm trn nn trng s ph hp

Qu trnh giao tip

Ngn ng giao tip

Giao tip bng ngn ng: Pht m, ging ni, tc ni Phong cch ngn ng: Ni thng Ni lch s Ni n Ni ma mai, chm chc Giao tip phi ngn ng: nh mt, nt mt, n ci n mc, trang im, trang sc T th, ng tc Khong cch, v tr bn Qu tng
Gio trnh K nng giao tip, NXB H Ni, 2005

Hnh nh, video, m thanh

Hnh nh: R rng, chn tht, mi,

Video: Ngn, r, sch, mi

m thanh: Va nghe, khng tp m

(Lin quan n ni dung trnh by; Khng lm sao lng thnh gi)

Phn mm v phng tin

Phn mm:
Bn quyn D s dng, nhiu hiu ng, a nng

Phng tin:
D c D s dng a nng

4. Trnh by bng phng tin trc quan Hy ngh n thnh gi ca bn Thit k gip ngi nghe Trnh by trc quan nn Trnh by trc quan tt l Nhng cch thm sc thi vo s trnh by

Hy ngh n thnh gi ca bn
ngi nghe" ch lng nghe khong t 25% n 50% thi gian Lng nghe nh khong 12%, cn c nh khong 50%

Hy ngh n thnh gi ca bn
Hiu qu khi s dng hnh nh Kh nng lu thng tin

Vy:
Tht ti nghip cho ngi nghe ! Hy lm g ngi nghe chu nghe v nh.

Thit k gip ngi nghe

Organize Illustrate Repeat
D liu trnh nghe by di dng khung v c Gip ngi chuyn data thnh cu trc thng tin Cung cp 1 "jig saw puzzle boxtop" V 1 bc hnh. ngi t t chc ti xy thin s nghe tip thu data iv vi ngi Ci K 1 cu chuyn. dng nhng thng tin bng li ca nghe a ra nhng so snh. bn. Nh rng ngi nghe" tp trung t Lit im c trnh by 25 k ticc 50% thi gian. cung cp 1 bn m anh trnh v Thng xuyn lp li. by.

Trnh by trc quan nn

Trnh by trc quan h tr cho mc tiu

truyn t
Trnh by trc quan lm phong ph thng ip bng li ni Trnh by trc quan nn s dng mu sc, hnh nh v m thanh

Trnh by trc quan tt l

Visible Clear Simple
Mi ngi xem thy r K t cao 1 inch thy c t 30 Mifeet. visual tp trung trn 1 tng Trnh qutnh nhiu thng tin s ng Cn phi Dng tp trung trn thng rng ca mn hnh Loi ramu thng tin khng lin quan tin Khong then cht cch t projector ti mn Lm n gin bng cch dng bn Lin h trc tip ti mc tiu truyn t hnh tho, mu sc phc B sung cho thng ip bng li ni Khong m iu cch ca mi ngi ti mn hnh hoc hnh nh ton cc Tng quan S t ca tng dng 3 ti 4 l ti u 6 ti 7 l ti a S dng ca mi slide t hn 10

Nhng cch thm sc thi vo s trnh by

Kt hp : Ch vit, k hiu, biu , hnh nh Thm mu sc nhn mnh, thn trng v ngha ca mu sc S dng bt chiu, che ph hoc lm bin mt slide Thay i backgrounds chuyn bc hoc chuyn ch mi Thay i trnh t nhn (ngang, dc, xin)

5. S dng overhead projector

Nhng tin li ca Overhead Projectors Nhng im bt tin ca Overhead Projectors Cc k thut trnh by vi Overhead Projectors Overhead Projection Survival Kit

Nhng tin li ca Overhead Projectors Tp trung c s ch ca thnh gi :

Gy s ch ln phng tin trnh by. Ngng s ch ln ngi ni.

C th hiu chnh giy trong lc trnh by

Highlight cc im quan trng Vit ln giy trong nh vit ln bng.

Lm n gin thng tin phc tp bng cch t cc giy trong ln nhau. Giy trong d mang i.

Nhng im bt tin ca Overhead Projectors

Overhead projector kh vn chuyn. Overhead projection km chuyn nghip hn slides

Cc k thut trnh by vi Overhead Projectors

Chuyn i s ch :
Vo mn hnh hay vo ngi trnh by.

Tt projector khi khng dng. "Chalkboarding"

Dng projector nh bng en

Pointing nhn mnh

Dng n pin ri ko s ch ti ni chiu.

Cc k thut trnh by vi Overhead Projectors

Highlighting
Dng mu khc vi mu gc gy ch .

Che ni dung trnh by

M tng ch mi lc. Hng ch vo phn c m. Nga s sao lng.

Ph lp cc giy trong ln nhau

Lm n gin cc khi nim phc tp. Tng phn c trnh by tng lc.

Overhead Projection Survival Kit

Cn chun b cc thit b h tr :
Extension Cord (dy ni). Ungrounded Plug Adapter ( cm 3 chu). Spare Bulb (bng d phng). Transparency Pen (bt lng xa). Acetate Film (giy trong).

6. Mt s im cn lu khi thuyt trnh

ng trc c ta, thuyt trnh vin phi bnh tnh, t tin, ch ng sng to trong ng x. Khi thuyt trnh, cn lu nhng nguyn tc sau y:

Ni ng i din im chnh

Cng c Thi gian Din mo Chin lc

Mt s im cn lu khi thuyt trnh

Ni: Ni ch khng phi l c bi.
Ni ln mi ngi nghe r, pht m chun xc, khng ni qu nhanh hay qu chm. Thay i m lng, nhp iu, m iu ca ging ni. Trnh ni u u mt cch bun t. Cn t cu hi cho ngi nghe; cn trao i nhiu

ng: ng v di chuyn
ng thuyt trnh tr phi b bt buc phi ngi ni.. Thnh thong di chuyn v c iu b ch khng nn ng yn mt ch ng t tay vo ti, ng hp tp

Mt s im cn lu khi thuyt trnh

i din: i din c ta
Nhn vo mt c ta (eye-contact) nhn bit s truyn t ca mnh c tip nhn nh th no. Qua c th thay i cch tip cn hay phng php truyn t cho thch hp. Theo di c ta, c nim say m vi ch v nhy bn p ng nhng nhu cu ca c ta

im chnh: Trng tm
Tp trung vo im chnh, trnh sa vo chi tit. Tng kt nhng im chnh trc khi ni v sau khi kt thc bi thuyt trnh.

Mt s im cn lu khi thuyt trnh

Cng c:
S dng cng c h tr nhun nhuyn, chnh xc Trnh ni vi screen m ni vi c ta Th ghi nh ( cng, gii thiu, thnh ng, li kt ..)

Thi gian:
Ginh thi gian cho cc cu hi v nhn xt trong v sau khi thuyt trnh Cn phn r thi gian cho tng ni dung, tng slide Phi thng xuyn kim sot thi gian hon tt bi thuyt trnh ng gi

Mt s im cn lu khi thuyt trnh

Din mo
Bui thuyt trnh gm nhng ngi n mc trang trng m qu v th khng, c ngha l qu v thiu s tn trng vi ch v ngi nghe Bui thuyt trnh kh thoi mi m qu v li n mc qu trang trng th c ngha l qu v cha hiu v ngi nghe lc lng.

Chin lc trnh by
Bm st theo ng ni dung v thi gian thuyt trnh, trnh lc . Gi ng tin Truyn ti thng tin n gin v trc tip Chuyn dn t n gin n phc tp