n 2 2012

LI CM N
Trong qu trnh thc hin n ny nhm chng em xin gi li cm n su
sc n:
Thy Trn Quang Vinh to mi iu kin thun li nhm chng em
thc hin tt n ny trong khong thi gian ngn nht.
Qu c c thy c trong khoa C ng ngh in t truyn t ch ng em
nh ng kin thc v chuy n m n v gi p ch ng em nh h

ng theo s hiu it v

kh n ng ch ng em thc hin tt n phn loi sn phm theo chiu cao

dng PLC v gim st bng wincc .
Sau cng l gi li cm n t i gia nh v c c n nhit tnh gi p
nhm em trong qu trnh thc hin .

 n 2 2012

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Trn Quang Vinh

II

 n 2 2012
N

N P N BIN

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III

 n 2 2012
Mc Lc
Li m u .............................................................................................................1
Ch ng 1: Tng quan v plc..................................................................................2
1.1

PLC S7-200 ..................................................................................................2

1.1.1 Chc n ng PLC .......................................................................................2
1.1.2 Nguyn l hot ng ca PLC ................................................................2
1.1.3 Thit b I/O ..............................................................................................6
1.1.4 Thi gian qut ..........................................................................................7
1.1.5 Cu hnh phn cng .................................................................................8
1.1.6 Cc vng nh ...........................................................................................11
1.1.7 Kt ni v i my tnh ................................................................................15

1.2 Phn mm Step 7 Micro/win..........................................................................17

1.2.1 Cc phn t c bn trong ch ng trnh PLC S7-200 ..............................17
1.2.2 Nh ng tp lnh c n ca Step7 Micro/Win .........................................21
Ch ng 2: Phn mm Wincc v ph ng ph p kt ni v i PLC ............................41
2.1

gi i thiu phn mm giao din ng i my Wincc (Siemens) ......................41

2.2

Cu hnh Wincc ............................................................................................43

2.2.1 Cc loi project ........................................................................................43
2.2.2 Chc n ng Wincc Exphower ...................................................................44
2.2.3 Chc n ng Graphics Designer .................................................................49
2.2.4 tag logging ...............................................................................................51
2.2.5 Cu trc Alarm logging ...........................................................................56

2.3

Phn mm PC access kt ni PLC v Wincc ...............................................60

Ch ng 3: M hnh phn loi sn phm .................................................................68

3.1

Phn cng .....................................................................................................68

IV

 n 2 2012
3.2

Chc n ng ca tng nt trn m hnh ..........................................................69

3.3

Nguyn l hot ng.....................................................................................70

3.4

Cm bin .......................................................................................................71

3.5

u khuyt im ca m hnh .......................................................................76

3.5.1 u im ...................................................................................................76
3.5.2 Khuyt im ............................................................................................76

Ch ng 4: Thc thi h thng iu khin gim st dy chuyn phn loi sn ........77

4.1

ch ng trnh cho PLC...................................................................................77

4.2

L u thut ton ..........................................................................................78

4.3

Code PLC......................................................................................................80

4.4

Lp giao din m phng trn Wincc ............................................................91

4.5

Kt lun .........................................................................................................91

Ti liu tham kho ....................................................................................................92

 n 2 2012
Li M u
Ngy nay h thng iu khin t ng khng cn qu xa l v i chng ta. N
c ra i t rt s m, nhm p ng c nhu cu thit yu trong cuc sng ca
con ng i. V c bit trong sn xut, cng ngh t ng rt pht trin v n
gii quyt c rt nhiu vn m mt ng i nh th ng kh c th l m c.
Ngy cng nhiu cc thit b tin tin i hi kh n ng x l, mc hon ho , s
chnh xc ca cc h thng sn xut ngy mt cao hn, p ng nhu cu sn xut
v s l ng, cht l ng, thm m ngy cng cao ca x hi. V vy iu khin t
ng tr thnh mt ngnh khoa hc k thut chuyn nghin cu v ng dng
ca ng nh iu khin t ng v o lao ng sn xut, i sng sinh hot ca con
ng i.
Bn cnh PLC c ra i v n ngy cng pht trin v nh ng tnh n ng
u vit m n c c. T khi PLC ra i n thay th mt s ph ng ph p c,
nh kh n ng iu khin thit b d dng v linh hot da vo vic lp trnh da
trn nh ng tp l nh logic c n. tm hiu r hn v PLC nhm chng em xin
chn t i

M hnh phn loi sn phm theo chiu cao dng PLC v gim

st bng wincc .
Trong qu trnh thc hin t i nhm ch ng em c gng tm hiu v hc
hi. Nh ng do kh n ng cn hn ch nn c nh ng sai xt mong nhn c s
thng cm t qu thy c.

 n 2 2012
hng 1: tng quan v plc
1.1. PLC S7-200
1.1.1. Chc nng PL
PLC c nhiu hng ch to, v mi hng c nhiu h khc nhau, v c nhiu
phin bn trong mi h, chng khc nhau v tnh n ng v gi th nh, ph hp v i
i to n n gin hay phc tp. Ngoi ra cn c cc b ghp m rng cho php
ghp nhiu b PLC nh thc hin cc chc n ng phc tp, hay giao tip v i
my tnh to thnh mt mng tch hp, vic thc hin theo di, kim tra, iu khin
mt qu trnh cng ngh phc tp hay ton b mt phn x ng sn xut. Mc d
vy, mt h thng iu khin dng bt c loi PLC n o u cng c cu tr c nh
hnh sau :
+ Ng vo dng s: gm hai trng thi ON v OFF. Khi trng thi ON th
ng vo s c coi nh mc logic 1 hay mc logic cao. Khi trang thi OFF
th ng vo c th c coi nh mc logic 0 hay mc logic thp.
+ Ng ra s: gm hai trng th i ON v OFF. C c ng ra n y th ng c
ni ra iu khin cc cun dy contactor, n tn hiu
+ Thit b u vo: gm cc thit b to ra tn hiu iu khin th ng l n t
nhn, cm bin.
1.1.2. Nguyn l hot ng ca PLC

PLC l b iu khin m ty thuc v o ng i s dng n c th thc hin mt lot

hay trnh t cc s kin, cc s kin n y c kch hot bi cc tc nhn kch thch
(hay cn gi l cng v o) t c ng vo PLC hoc qua cc hot ng c tr nh thi
gian nh thi hay cc s kin c m. : CPU iu khin cc hot ng bn

 n 2 2012
trong PLC. B x l s c v kim tra ch ng trnh c cha trong b nh , sau
s thc hin th t tng lnh trong ch ng trnh , s ng hay ngt c c u ra.
Cc trng thi ng ra y c ph t n cc thit b lin kt thc thi. V ton b
cc hot ng thc thi u ph thuc v o ch ng trnh iu khin c gi
trong b nh .
Mt khi mt s kin c kch hot, tht s l n bt ON hay OFF thit b bn
ngoi hay cn gi l thit b vt l ( cc thit b ny gn vo cng ra ca n ) . Nh
vy chng ta c th hiu rng PLC l mt b iu khin logic theo ch ng trnh .
Ta ch cn thay i ch ng trnh c i t trong PLC l PLC c th thc hin c
cc chc n ng kh c nhau, iu khin trong nh ng m i tr ng khc nhau.
Cu trc PLC c th c phn thnh cc thnh phn nh hnh v:

Power Supply

Input

Central Processing Unit

Output

Interface

( CPU)

Interface

Memory

- n v x l trung tm: CPU iu khin cc hot ng bn trong PLC.

B x l s c v kim tra ch ng trnh c cha trong b nh , sau s thc
hin th t tng lnh trong ch ng trnh , s ng hay ngt c c u ra. Cc trng
thi ng ra y c ph t n cc thit b lin kt thc thi. V ton b cc hot
ng thc thi u ph thuc v o ch ng trnh iu khin c gi trong b nh .
-H thng Bus: H thng Bus l tuyn dng truyn tn hiu, h thng
gm nhiu ng tn hiu song song:

 n 2 2012
+ Address Bus : Bus a ch dng truyn a ch n cc Module
khc nhau.
+ Data Bus : Bus dng truyn d liu.
+ Control Bus : Bus iu khin dng truyn cc tn hiu nh th v
iu khin ng b cc hot ng trong PLC .
- Trong PLC cc s liu c trao i gi a b vi x l v cc module vo ra
thng qua Data Bus. Address Bus v Data Bus gm 8 ng, cng thi im cho
php truyn 8 bit ca 1 byte mt c ch ng thi hay song song.
- Nu mt module u vo nhn c a ch ca n trn Address Bus , n s
chuyn tt c trnh th i u vo ca n vo Data Bus. Nu mt a ch byte ca 8
u ra xut hin trn Address Bus, module u ra t ng ng s nhn c d liu
t Data bus. Control Bus s chuyn cc tn hiu iu khin vo theo di chu trnh
hot ng ca PLC . C c a ch v s liu c chuyn l n c c Bus t ng ng
trong mt thi gian hn ch.
- H thng Bus s lm nhim v trao i thng tin gi a CPU, b nh v I/O .
Bn cnh , CPU c cung cp mt xung Clock c tn s t 18 MHZ. Xung
ny quyt nh tc hot ng ca PLC v cung cp cc yu t v nh thi,
ng

ca

thng.

- B nh:
+ PLC th ng yu cu b nh trong c c tr ng hp : Lm b nh thi cho
cc knh trng thi I/O. Lm b m trng thi cc chc n ng trong PLC nh nh
thi, m, ghi cc Relay.

 n 2 2012
+ Mi lnh ca ch ng trnh c mt v tr ring trong b nh , tt c mi v
tr trong b nh u c nh s, nh ng s n y chnh l a ch trong b nh . a
ch ca tng nh s c tr n bi mt b m a ch bn trong b vi x l.
B vi x l s gi tr trong b m ny ln mt tr

c khi x l lnh tip theo. V i

mt a ch m i , ni dung ca nh t ng ng s xut hin u ra, qu trnh

n y c gi l qu trnh c . B nh

n trong PLC c to bi cc vi mch

bn dn, mi vi mch ny c kh n ng cha 2000 - 16000 dng lnh , ty theo loi

vi mch. Trong PLC cc b nh nh RAM, EPROM u c s dng .
+ RAM (Random Access Memory ) c th np ch ng trnh, thay i hay
xa b ni dung bt k lc no. Ni dung ca RAM s b mt nu ngun in nui
b mt . trnh tnh trng n y, c c PLC u c trang b mt pin kh, c kh
n ng cung cp n ng l ng d tr cho RAM t v i th ng n v i n m. Trong thc
t RAM c dng khi to v kim tra ch ng trnh. Khuynh h

ng hin nay

dng CMOSRAM nh kh n ng ti u th thp v tui th l n .

+ EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory) l b nh m
ng i s dng nh th ng ch c th c ch khng ghi ni dung v o c. Ni
dung ca EPROM khng b mt khi mt ngun, n c gn sn trong m y,
c nh sn xut np v cha h iu hnh sn. Nu ng i s dng khng mun
m rng b nh

th ch dng thm EPROM gn bn trong PLC. Trn PG

(Programer) c sn ch ghi v xa EPROM.

+ EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)
lin kt v i nh ng truy xut linh ng ca RAM v c tnh n nh. Ni dung ca
n c th c xa v lp trnh bng in, tuy nhin s ln l c gi i hn.
M i tr ng ghi d liu th t l a cng hoc a mm, c s dng trong

 n 2 2012
my lp trnh . a cng hoc a mm c dung l ng l n n n th ng c dng
l u nh ng ch ng trnh l n trong mt thi gian di .
Kch th

c b nh :

+ Cc PLC loi nh c th cha t 300 -1000 dng lnh ty vo cng

ngh ch to.
+ Cc PLC loi l n c kch th

c t 1K - 16K, c kh n ng cha t 2000 -

16000 dng lnh. Ngoi ra cn cho php gn thm b nh m rng nh RAM ,

EPROM.
-C c ng v o ra I/O: tr n PLC, iu ny lm cho vic kim tra hot ng nhp
xut tr nn d d ng v n gin. B C c ng tn hiu t b cm bin c ni
vo cc module ( c c u vo ca PLC ), c c c cu chp h nh c ni v i cc
module ra ( c c u ra ca PLC ). Hu ht c c PLC c in p hot ng bn trong
l 5V, tn hiu x l l 12/24VDC hoc 100/240VAC. Mi n v I/O c duy nht
mt a ch, cc hin th trng thi ca c c k nh I/O c cung cp bi c c n
LED x l c v x c nh cc trng th i u v o (ON,OFF) thc hin vic
ng hay ngt mch u ra .
1.1.3. Thit b I/O
Thit b nhp ( Input devices ) : S th ng minh ca mt h thng t ng
ho ph thuc vo kh n ng ca PLC: c cc tn hiu t cc kiu kh c nhau nh :
Nt n, phm, cu dao, hoc cc thit b cm ng t ng c bit nh proximity
switch, limit switch, photoelectric sensor, level sensor.kiu ca cc tn hiu nhp
n PLC s l logic ON/OFF hoc tn hiu t ng t.
Thit b xut ( Output devices ): H thng t ng l ch a y v h thng
PLC gn nh t lit khi khng c s giao din, lin lc v i tr ng thit b xut.

 n 2 2012
Mt vi ca phn l n chung cc thit b c iu khin l motor, solenoids, relay
indicators, uzzer. Xuy n sut cc hot ng ca motors v solenoids, PLC c
th iu khin t mt chn n l v ni h thng n nhiu h thng servo phc
tp. y l kiu ca thit b xut l c cu ca mt h thng t ng ho v v th
n nh h ng trc tip n qu trnh ca h thng
1.1.4. Thi gian qut
Qu trnh ca vic c tn hiu nhp, thi h nh ch ng trnh v cp nht xut c
bit nh l

qut . Thi gian qut th ng th ng l qu trnh lin tc v thi hnh

mt chui ni tip nhau ca vic c trng thi trng thi nhp, x c nh mc iu

khin logic v cp nht li vic xut ra tn hiu iu khin. S ch ra r thi gian
qut lm th n o cho b iu khin c th p ng nhanh n tr ng nhp v s
gii p chnh x c cho logic iu khin.

I/O Update

Program Scan

Nh ng yu t nh h ng n thi gian qut : Thi gian i hi l m scan n c

gi tr thay i t 0.1 ms n vi chc ms c x c nh trn tc truy xut CPU
ca n v d i ch ng trnh ca ng i s dng.

 n 2 2012
1.1.5. Cu hnh phn cng

SF (n ) : n SF bo hiu h thng b li. n SF s ng l n khi PLC

c li.
RUN (n xanh) : cho it PLC ang ch lm vic v thc hin ch ng
trnh c np vo trong b nh ch ng trnh ca PLC.
STOP (n v ng) : ch nh PLC ang ch dng. Dng ch ng trnh
ang thc hin li.
Ix.x (n xanh) : n xanh cng vo ch nh trng thi tc thi ca cng
( x.x = 0.0 1.5 ). n n y
cng.

o hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr logic ca

 n 2 2012
Qy.y (n xanh) : n xanh cng ra ch nh trng thi tc thi ca cng
( y.y = 0.0-1.10 ). n n y
cng.
Mt s loi CPU 22x:

o hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr logic ca

 n 2 2012
- Cng truyn thng: S7-200 s dng cng truyn thng ni tip RS 485 v i
phch cm 9 chn phc v cho vic ghp ni v i thit b lp trnh hoc v i cc
PLC khc.Tc truyn cho my lp trnh kiu PPI l 9.6 kbps. Tc truyn
cung cp PLC theo kiu t do l t 300 aud n 38400 baud. Cc chn ca cng
truyn thng l:
1. t.
2. 24VDC
3. truyn v nhn d liu
4. khng dng
5. t
6. 5VDC ( in tr trong 100 )
7. 24VDC (100mA)
8. truyn v nhn d liu
9. khng dng
ghp ni S7-200 v i my lp trnh PG720 c th s dng mt cp ni
thng qua MPI. C p i km theo m y lp trnh.
Ghp ni S7-200 v i my tnh PC qua cng RS 232 cn c cp ni PC/PPI
v i b chuyn i RS232/RS485 , v qua cng USB ta c cp USB/PPI.
- Card nh , pin , clock (CPU 221 , 222)
Mt t in v i in dung l n cho php nui b nh RAM sau khi b mt
ngun in cung cp. Ty theo CPU m thi gian l u tr c th ko di nhiu ngy.
Chng hn CPU 224 l khong 100h.
Card nh : c s dng l u tr ch ng trnh. Ch ng trnh cha trong
card nh bao gm : program block , data block , system block , cng thc , d liu
o v c c gi tr c ng bc.

10

 n 2 2012
Card pin: dng m rng thi gian l u tr cc d liu c trong b nh .
Ngun pin c t ng chuyn sang khi t PLC cn. pin c th s dng n 200
ngy.
Card Clock / Battery module: ng h thig gian thc cho CPU 221, 222 v
ngun pin nu i ng h v l u gi liu. Thi gian s dng n 200 ngy.
- Bin tr chnh gi tr analog: hai bin tr n y c s dng nh hai ng v o
analog cho php iu chnh cc bin cn phi thay i v s dng trong ch ng
trnh.
1.1.6. Cc vng nh.
- Vng nh m ng vo s I:
CPU s c trng thi tn hiu ca tt c cc ng vo s u mi chu k
qut ,sau s cha cc gi tr ny vo vng nh m ng vo. C th truy nhp
vng nh ny theo bit , Byte , Word hay Doubleword.
- Vng nh m ng ra s Q:
Trong qu trnh x l ch ng trnh CPU s l u c c gi tr s l thuc vng nh
ng ra v o y. Ti cui mi vng qut CPU s sao chp ni dung vng nh m
ny v chuyn ra cc ng ra vt l. C th truy nhp vng nh ny theo bit , Byte ,
Word hay Doubleword.
- Vng nh bin V:
S dng vng nh V l u tr cc kt qu php to n trung gian c c do cc
x l logic ca ch ng trnh. Cng c th s dng vng nh l u tr cc d liu
khc li n quan n ch ng trnh hay nhim v iu khin. C th truy nhp vng
nh ny theo bit , Byte , Word hay Doubleword
- Vng nh M:

11

 n 2 2012
C th coi vng nh M nh c c rle iu khin trong ch ng trnh l u tr
trng thi trung gian ca mt php ton hay cc th ng tin iu khin khc. C th
truy nhp vng nh ny theo bit , Byte , Word hay Doubleword.
- Vng nh b nh thi T:
S7-200 cung cp vng nh ring cho cc b nh thi , cc b nh thi c s
dng cho cc yu cu iu khin cn tr hon thi gian. Gi tr thi gian m s
c m t ng dn theo 3 phn gii l 1ms , 10ms , 100ms.
- Vng nh b m C:
C 3 loi b m l b m ln , b m xung , b m ln - xung . Cc b
m s t ng hoc gim gi tr hin hnh khi tn hiu ng v o thay i trng thi t
mc thp ln mc cao.
- Vng nh b m tc cao HC:
Cc b m tc cao c s dng m cc s kin tc cao c lp v i
vng qut ca CPU. Gi tr m l s nguyn 32 bit c du. truy xut gi tr
m ca cc b m tc cao cn x c nh a ch ca b m tc cao , s
dng b nh HC v s ca b m , v d HC0. Gi tr m hin hnh ca cc b
m tc cao l cc gi tr ch c v truy xut theo double word.
- Cc thanh ghi AC:
L cc phn t c / ghi m c th c dng truy xut ging nh

nh .

Chng hn c th s dng c c thanh ghi truy xut cc thng s t c c ch ng

trnh con v l u tr cc gi tr trung gian s dng cho tnh ton. Cc CPU s7200 c 4 thanh ghi l AC0 , AC1 , AC2 v AC3. Chng ta c th truy xut d liu
trong cc thanh ghi ny theo Byte , Word v Doubleword.
- Vng nh c bit SM:

12

 n 2 2012
Cc bit SM l cc phn t cho php truyn thng tin gi a CPU v ch ng trnh
ng i dng. C th s dng c c it n y chn la v iu khin mt s chc
n ng c bit ca CPU , chng hn nh

it l n mc 1 trong vng qut u tin ,

cc bit pht ra cc xung c tn s 1Hz Ch ng ta truy xut vng nh SM theo bit ,

Byte , Word v Doubleword.
- Vng nh cc b L:
Vng nh n y c l n 64 Byte , trong 60 Byte c th c dng nh vng
nh cc b hay chuyn cc thng s t i c c ch ng trnh con , 4 Byte cui cng
dng cho h thng. Vng nh n y t ng t nh vng nh bin V ch khc ch
cc bin vng nh V cho php s dng tt c cc khi ch ng trnh cn vng nh
L ch c tc dng trong phm vi son tho ca mt khi ch ng trnh m th i. V
tr bin thuc vng nh L trong ch ng trnh chnh th kh ng th s dng
ch ng trnh con v ng c li.
- Vng nh ng v o t ng t AI:
Cc PLC S7-200 chuyn mt gi tr t ng t thnh gi tr s v cha vo mt
vng nh 16 bit. Bi v cc gi tr t ng t chim mt vng nh word nn chng
lun lun c cc gi tr worrd chn , chng hn nh AIW0 , AIW2 , AIW4 v l
cc gi tr ch c.
- Vng nh ng ra t ng t AQ:
Cc PLC S7-200 chuyn mt gi tr s 16 bit sang gi tr in p hoc dng
in , t ng ng v i mt gi tr s. Ging nh c c ng v o t ng t chng ta ch
c th truy xut c c ng ra t ng t theo word. V l cc gi tr word chn , chng
hn AQW0, AQW2 , AQW4.
Bng cc vng nh

13

c m ca CPU S7-200:

 n 2 2012

14

 n 2 2012
1.1.7. Kt ni vi my tnh
i v i cc thit b lp trnh ca hng Siemens c cc cng giao tip PPI th
c th kt ni trc tip v i PLC thng qua mt si c p. Tuy nhi n i v i my tnh
c nhn cn thit phi c cp chuyn i PC/PPI . C 2 loi cp chuyn i l cp
RS232/PPI Multi-Master v cp USB/PPI Multi-Master.
- Cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master.
Hnh dng ca cp v cng tc chn ch truyn:

Ty theo tc truyn gi a my tnh v CPU m cng tc 1,2,3 c

v tr thch hp. Th ng th ng i v i CPU 22x th tc truyn th ng t l 9.6
kbaud ( tc cng tc 1,2,3 c t theo th t l 010 )
Ty theo truyn thng l 10 bit hay 11 bit m cng tc 7 c t v tr thch hp.
Khi kt ni nh th ng v i my tnh th cng tc 7 chn ch truyn thng 11
bit ( cng tc 7 t v tr 0 )

15

 n 2 2012
Cng tc 6 cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master c s dng kt ni port
truyn thng RS232 ca 1 modem v i S7-200 CPU. Khi kt ni nh th ng v i
my tnh th cng tc 6 c t v tr data Comunications Equipment (DCE)
(cng tc 6 v tr 0) . Khi kt ni cp PC/PPI v i mt modem th port RS232 ca
cp PC/PPI c t v tr Data Teminal Equipment (DTE) (cng tc 6 v tr 1).
Cng tc 5 c s dng t cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master thay th cp
PC/PPI hoc hot ng ch Freeport th t ch PPI/Freeport (cng tc 5
v tr 0). Nu kt ni bnh th ng l PPI (master) v i phn mm STEP 7
Micro/Win 3.2 SP4 hoc cao hn th t ch PPI (cng tc 5 v tr 1).
S ni cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master gi a my tnh v CPU S7-200 v i tc
truyn 9,6 kbaud:

- Cp USB/PPI Multi-Master.
Hnh dng ca cp:

16

 n 2 2012

Cch thc kt ni cp USB/PPI Multi-Master cng t ng t nh

c p

RS232/PPI Multi-Master . s dng cp ny , phn mm cn phi l STEP 7 Micro/WIN 3.2 Service Pack 4 ( hoc cao hn ). C p ch c th c s dng v i
loi CPU 22x hoc sau ny. C p USB kh ng c h tr truyn thng Freeport v
download cu hnh mn hnh TP070 t phn mn TP Designer.

1.2. Phn mm Step 7 Micro/win

1.2.1.

c phn t c bn trong chng trnh PLC S7-200

Cc phn t c n trong ch ng trnh PLC S7- 200 l:

1. Ch ng trnh chnh (main program)
2. Ch ng trnh con (su routine)
3. Ch ng trinh ngt (interupt rountine)
4. Khi h thng ( system block)
5. Khi d liu (data block)

Chng trnh OB1 (main program)

y l phn khung ch ng trnh, cha cc lnh iu khin ng dng. V i 1

s ch ng trnh iu khin nh, n gin chng ta c th vit tt cc lnh trong

khi n y. Ch ng trnh ng dng c bt u t ch ng trnh chnh, c c lnh
c x l ln l t t trn xung d

i v ch 1 ln mi vng qut. Trong S7-200

ch ng trnh c cha trong khi OB1.

17

 n 2 2012

Chng trnh con SUB (subroutine)

Cc lnh vit trong ch ng trnh con ch c th c x l khi ch ng trnh

con c gi (Call) t c c ch ng trnh chnh, t 1 ch ng trnh con kh c hoc t

1 ch ng trnh ngt. S dng ch ng trnh con khi ch ng ta mun phn chia nhim
v iu khin. Mi ch ng trnh con c vit cho 1 nhim v nh hoc khi c
nhim v iu khin t ng t nhau (v d : iu khin

ng ti 1, iu khin

ng

ti 2) th chng ta ch cn to ch ng trnh con 1 ln v c th gi ra nhiu ln t

ch ng trnh chnh.
S dng ch ng trnh con c 1 s u im sau:
+ Ch ng trnh iu khin c chia theo nhim v iu khin nn c cu
trc r rng, rt d rng cho vic kim tra chnh sa ch ng trnh.
+ Gim thi gian vng qut ca ch ng trnh. CPU kh ng phi lin tc x l
cc lnh ca ch ng trnh m ch x l ch ng trnh con khi c l nh gi t ng ng.
+ Ch ng trnh con cho php gim cng vic son tho khi c c c ch ng
trnh con ging nhau.

Chng trnh ngt INT ( interupt rountine)

Ch ng trnh ngt c thit k cho 1 s kin ngt c nh ngha tr

c.

Bt c khi n o x c nh s kin ngt xy ra th S7-200 thc hin ch ng trnh ngt.

Ch ng trnh ngt kh ng c gi bi ch ng trnh chnh m theo s kin
ngt xy ra. Ch ng trnh ngt c s l mi khi s kin ngt xy ra.

Khi h thng (system block)

System bock cho php ta cu hnh cc tu chn phn cng khc nhau cho

S7-200.

18

 n 2 2012

Khi d liu (data block)

Data Block cho php l u tr cc gi tr bin khc nhau (vng nh V) c

s dng trong ch ng trnh. Gi tr

3P

an u c nhp trong mi khi d liu.

c th son tho ch ng trnh cho c c S7-200, chng ta s dng ch ng

trnh Step 7 Micro Win. V cng ging nh PLC ca cc hng khc chng ta c 3
dng son tho thng dng l LAD. FBD, STL. Vic tu chn vic son tho no
vit ch ng trnh l tu v o ng i s dng.

Dng hnh thang LAD (Ladder logic)

dng son tho n y ch ng trnh c hin th gn ging s ni dy

mt mch trang b in gm cc thit b Rle, Contactor. Ch ng ta xem nh 1

dngin t 1 ngun in chy qua cc chui tip im lgic ng vo t tri qua
phi ri n ng ra. Ch ng trnh c n c chia ra lm nhiu Network, mi
Network thc hin 1 nhim v nh c th. Cc Network thc hin t tri qua phi
v t trn xung d

i.

Cc phn t ch yu dng trong dng son tho ny l:

+ Tip im kh ng o -| |+ Tip im o -|\|+ Ng ra ( )+ Cc hp chc n ng c c hp biu din cc php ton s hc nh thi , b m.
Dng son tho ny c 1 s u m:

19

 n 2 2012
+ D s dng cho ng i m i hc lp trnh
+ Biu din ho d hiu v thng dng
+ Lun c th chuyn sang STL t dng LAD

Dng khi chc nng: FBD (Funtion Block Diagram)

Dng FBD hin th ch ng trnh son tho dng ho t ng t nh s

cc cng lgic. FBD khng khi nim ng ngun phi tr i do kh i nim

dng in kh ng c s dng. Thay v o l c c Logic 1. Kh ng c tip im v
cun dy nh dng LAD, nh ng c c c cng Logic v cng chc n ng. C c cng
l gic AND, OR, XOR t ng ng v i cc tip im Logic ni tip hay song
song
u ra ca cc cng Lgic hay hp chc n ng c th c s dng ni
tip v i u vo ca cc cng lgic hay cc hp chc n ng khc. V i dng son
tho ny c 1 s u im sau:
+ Biu din dng ho cc cng chc n ng gi p ta c th d c hiu theo trnh
t iu khin.
+ Lun c th chuyn t dng FBD sang STL.

Dng lit k lnh : STL (StaTement List)

y l dng son tho ch ng trnh dng tp hp cc cu lnh. Ng i dng

phi nhp cc cu lnh t bn phm, gi a lnh v cc ton hng c khong trng v

mi lnh chim 1 hng. dng son tho ny s c 1 s chc n ng m dng son
tho STL v FBD khng c.
Dng son tho ny c 1 s im chnh:
+ L dng son tho ph hp cho nh ng ng i c kinh nghim lp trnh PLC.

20

 n 2 2012
+ STL cho php khc phc 1 s kh kh n khi lp trnh STL v FBD.
+ Lun lun c th chuyn c t dng LAD hay FBD v dng STL nh ng khi
chuyn ng c li t STL sang LAD hay FBD th c 1s phn ng khng chuyn
c.
1.2.2. Nhng tp lnh c bn ca Step7 Micro/Win
*Lnh Nhp/ Xut gi tr cho tip im:

Lnh nhp :

M t

LAD

To n hng

Tip im th ng m
s c ng nu gi tr
bit =1

bit : I,Q,M,SM,T,C,V

Tip im th ng ng
s c m khi gi tr
it = 1 v ng c li.
Tip im th ng m
s c ng tc thi
trong mt chu k m y
khi gi tr

it = 1

Tip im th ng ng
s c m tc thi
trong mt chu k m y
khi gi tr

21

it=1

bit: I

 n 2 2012

Lnh xut :

M t

LAD

To n hng

Cun dy u ra trng
thi kch thch khi c

bit : I,Q,M,SM,T,C,V

dng iu khin i qua.

Cun dy u ra c
kch thch tc thi khi

bit : Q

c dng iu khin i
qua.
*Lnh ghi / xo gi tr cho tip im:
Lnh dng ng v ngt cc tip im gi n on c thit k.
Trong dng LAD, logic iu khin dng in ng hoc ngt cc cun dy
u ra. Khi dng iu khin t i cc cun dy th cc cun dy ng hoc m cc
tip im( hoc mt dy cc tip im).
LAD

M t

To n hng

ng mt mng gm bit : I, Q, M, SM, T,

N c c tip im k t C, V .
it t tr

c.

N : IB, QB, MB,

Ngt mt mng gm SMB,

VB,

N c c tip im k t Hng s .
it t tr

22

c.

AC,

 n 2 2012
Nu it t tr

c li

ch v o Timer hoc
Counter th lnh s
xo

it u ra ca

Timer hoc Counter

.
ng tc thi mt
mng gm N c c tip
im k t
tr

it t

Ngt tc thi mt
mng gm N c c tip
im k t
tr

bit : Q.
N : IB, QB, MB,
SMB,

VB,

Hng s.

it t

c.

* Lnh tip im c bit:

LAD

M t

Ton hng

Tip im o trng thi

ca dng cung cp. Nu
dng cung cp c tip
im o th n b ngt
mch, nu khng c tip
im o th n thng
mch.

23

Khng c

AC,

 n 2 2012
Tip im chuyn i
d ng cho php dng
cung cp thng mch
trong mt vng qut khi

Khng c

s n xung iu khin
chuyn t 0 ln 1
Tip im chuyn i
m cho php dng cung
cp thng mch trong
mt vng qut khi s n

Khng c

xung iu khin chuyn

t 1 xung 0
Tip im s dng bit
b nh c bit to dng
sng vung tun hon
v i chu k l 1s ( 0.5s

Khng c

c xung, 0.5s khng c

xung )
* Lnh iu khin Timer:
Timer l b to thi gian tr gi a tn hiu vo v tn hiu ra n n trong iu
khin vn th ng c gi l khu tr. C ba kiu Timer ca S7-200 phn bit v i
nhau phn ng ca n i v i trng thi tn hiu u vo ( TON, TOF v TONR ).

24

 n 2 2012
Lnh TON:
K hiu :
Cc ton hng :
-

TON : lnh m thi gian tc ng

ng tr khng nh.
Txxx: Khai bo xxx kiu TON nh
phn gii c gi tr tra theo bng.
IN : u vo cho php lnh m thi
gian hot ng.
PT : Gi tr t trc.

Hot ng :

Lnh TON gm c gi tr m tc thi c nh trong thanh ghi 2 byte ca

Timer (gi l T-word ) v 1 bit ch th trng th i logic u ra ( gi l T-bit ).
Khi u vo IN mc logic 1 cho php lnh TON hot ng, gi tr m
tc thi trong T-word c cp nht v so snh v i gi tr t tr

c PT

ng thi t ng dn cho n khi n t gi tr cc i ( 32.767 ).

Nu gi tr m tc thi T-word nh hn gi tr t tr

c PT , T-bit c gi

tr logic l 0.
Nu gi tr m tc thi T-word l n hn hoc bng gi tr t tr

c PT, T-

bit c gi tr logic 1
Khi u vo IN mc logic 0, gi tr m tc thi T-word s b Reset xo
v 0.

25

 n 2 2012
Bng nh phn gii lnh TON:

V d minh ho :
Sau khong thi gian 30 ms k t khi
I2.0 mc logic 1, T-bit chuyn
trng thi t mc logic 0 ln 1.

26

 n 2 2012
Lnh TONR:
K hiu :
Cc ton hng :
-

TONR : lnh m thi gian tc ng

ng tr c nh.
Txxx : Khai bo xxx kiu TONR nh
phn gii c gi tr tra theo bng
IN : u vo cho php lnh m thi
gian hot ng.
PT : Gi tr t trc.

Hot ng :
Lnh TONR gm c gi tr m tc thi c nh trong thanh ghi 2 byte ca
Timer (Gi l T-word v 1 bit ch th trng th i logic u ra ( gi l T-bit )
Khi u vo IN mc logic 1 cho php lnh TONR hot ng, gi tr m
tc thi trong T-word c cp nht v so snh v i gi tr t tr

c PT

ng thi t ng dn cho n khi n t gi tr cc i ( 32.767 ).

Nu gi tr m tc thi T-word nh hn gi tr t tr

c PT , T-bit c gi

tr logic l 0.
Nu gi tr m tc thi T-word l n hn hoc bng gi tr t tr

c PT, T-

bit c gi tr logic 1 .
Khc v i lnh TON khi u vo IN mc logic 0, gi tr m tc thi Tword s c ghi nh v khi u vo IN mc logic 1 gi tr m tc thi

27

 n 2 2012
T-word s tip tc t ng cho n khi t gi tr cc i hoc dng lnh Reset
xo gi tr m tc thi T-word v 0.
Bng nh phn gii lnh TONR:

V d minh ho :
T-bit c gi tr mc logic 1 khi u
vo I2.1 mc logic 1 100 ms.

28

 n 2 2012
Lnh TOF :
K hiu :
Cc ton hng :
-

TOF : Lnh m thi gian tc ng m tr

khng nh.
Txxx: Khai bo xxx kiu TOF nh phn gii
c gi tr tra theo bng.
IN : u vo cho php lnh m thi gian hot
ng.
PT : Gi tr t trc.

Hot ng :
Lnh TOF gm c gi tr m tc thi c nh trong thanh ghi 2 byte ca
Timer( gi l T-word v 1 bit ch th trng th i logic u ra( gi l T-bit )
Khi u vo IN mc logic 1, T-bit c gi tr logic 1 cho n khi u vo
IN xung mc logic 0, khi cho php lnh TOF hot ng, gi tr m tc
thi trong T-word c cp nht v so snh v i gi tr t tr
thi t ng dn cho n khi n t gi tr bng gi tr t tr
Nu gi tr m tc thi T-word nh hn gi tr t tr

c PT ng

c PT.
c PT , T-bit c gi

tr logic l 1.
Nu gi tr m tc thi T-word bng gi tr t tr
logic 0.
V d minh ho :

29

c PT, T-bit c gi tr

 n 2 2012
Khi u vo I0.0 xung mc logic 0,
sau thi gian nh trc l 30 ms Tbit s chuyn trng thi sang mc
logic 0.

* Lnh iu khin Counter :

Counter l b m thc hin chc n ng m s n xung trong S7-200. Cc
b m th ng c chia lm 3 loi : b m ln ( CTU ), b m xung ( CTD )
v b m ln xung (CTUD).

30

 n 2 2012
Lnh CTU :
K hiu :

Cc ton hng :
- CTU : Lnh m ln tc ng sn ln.
- Cxxx : Khai bo a ch lnh,
vi xxx l s nguyn c gi tr t 0 n 255.
- CU ( Count Up) : u vo tc ng lnh m ln.
- R ( Reset ) : Xo gi tr thanh ghi s m v 0.
- PV ( Preset Value ) : Gi tr t trc, l s nguyn
c gi tr n +32.767.

Hot ng :
Bn trong b m Cxxx c hai thanh ghi l: thanh ghi s m v thanh ghi bit.
u v o CU t c ng mt xung theo s n ln th gi tr thanh ghi s m
t ng mt n v t gi tr hin h u.
u vo R khi mc logic 1 s xo gi tr thanh ghi s m v 0.
u vo gi tr t tr

c PV do ng i s dng t vo.

Gi tr thanh ghi s m lu n c so snh v i ga tr t tr

Nu gi tr trong thanh ghi s m nh hn gi tr t tr

c PV :
c : Thanh ghi bit

c mc logic l 0 .
Nu gi tr trong thanh ghi s m l n hn hoc bng gi tr t tr
Thanh ghi bit c mc logic l
a ch Cxxx t ng ng.

31

c:

1. Khi s o trng thi cc tip im c

 n 2 2012

Lnh CTUD :
K hiu :
Cc ton hng :
- CTUD : Lnh m ln xung tc ng sn ln.
- Cxxx : Khai bo a ch lnh,
vi xxx l s nguyn c gi tr t 0 n 255.
- CU ( Count Up) : u vo tc ng lnh m ln.
- CD ( Count Down) : u vo tc ng lnh m
xung.
- R ( Reset ) : Xo gi tr thanh ghi s m v 0.
- PV ( Preset Value ) : Gi tr t trc, l s nguyn
c gi tr t -32.768 n +32.767.

Hot ng :
Bn trong b m Cxxx c hai thanh ghi l: thanh ghi s m v thanh ghi
bit.
u v o CU t c ng mt xung theo s n ln th gi tr thanh ghi s m
t ng mt n v t gi tr hin h u.
u v o CD t c ng mt xung theo s n ln th gi tr thanh ghi s m
gim mt n v t gi tr hin h u.
u vo R khi mc logic 1 s xo gi tr thanh ghi s m v 0.
u vo gi tr t tr

c PV do ng i s dng t vo.

Gi tr thanh ghi s m lu n c so snh v i ga tr t tr

32

c PV :

 n 2 2012
Nu gi tr trong thanh ghi s m nh hn gi tr t tr

c : Thanh ghi bit

c mc logic l 0 .
Nu gi tr trong thanh ghi s m l n hn hoc bng gi tr t tr
Thanh ghi bit c mc logic l

1. Khi s o trng thi cc tip im c

a ch Cxxx t ng ng.
V d minh ho

33

c:

Tc ng u vo I4.0 mt xung lm thanh ghi

s m tng 1 n v.
Tc ng u vo I3.0 mt xung lm thanh ghi
s m gim1 n v.
Khi thanh ghi s m bng hoc ln hn gi tr
PV=4, thanh ghi bit bng 1.
Tc ng u vo I2.0 mc logic 1 s xo
thanh ghi s m v 0.

 n 2 2012
Lnh CTD :
K hiu :
Cc ton hng :
- CTD : Lnh m xung tc ng sn ln.
- Cxxx : Khai bo a ch lnh,
vi xxx l s nguyn c gi tr t 0 n 255.
- CD ( Count Down) : u vo tc ng lnh m
xung.
- LD ( Load ) : Np gi tr PV vo thanh ghi s m.
- PV ( Preset Value ) : Gi tr t trc, l s nguyn.

Hot ng :
Bn trong b m Cxxx c hai thanh ghi l: thanh ghi s m v thanh ghi bit.
u v o CD t c ng mt xung theo s n ln th gi tr thanh ghi s m
gim mt n v t gi tr hin h u.
u vo LD khi mc logic 1 s np gi tr PV vo thanh ghi s m.
u vo gi tr t tr

c PV do ng i s dng t vo.

Gi tr thanh ghi s m lu n c so snh v i ga tr t tr

c PV :

Nu cn gi tr trong thanh ghi s m: Thanh ghi bit c mc logic l 0 .

Nu gi tr trong thanh ghi s m gim v 0 v khng gim n a: Thanh ghi
bit c mc logic l 1.

34

 n 2 2012
V d minh ho :
- Tc ng u vo I1.0 mc logic 1 s np gi
tr PV=3 vo thanh ghi s m, lc ny thanh
ghi bit s xung mc logic 0.
- Tc ng u vo I3.0 mt xung s lm gim
gi tr thanh ghi s m mt n v, khi thanh
ghi gi tr s m bng 0, thanh ghi bit mc
logic 1.

*Lnh so snh :
Khi lp trnh nu cc quyt nh v iu khin c thc hin da trn kt
qu ca vic so snh th c th s dng lnh so snh theo byte, t hay t kp ca
S7-200.
LAD s dng lnh so s nh so snh cc gi tr ca byte, t v t kp ( gi tr thc
hoc nguyn). Nh ng lnh so s nh th ng l : so snh nh hn hoc bng, so snh
bng v so snh l n hn hoc bng.
Khi so snh gi tr ca byte th khng cn phi

n du ca ton hng,

ng c li khi so snh cc t hoc t kp v i nhau th phi

n du ca ton

hng l bit cao nht trong t hoc t kp. V d : 7FFF>8000 v

7FFFFFFF>80000000.

35

 n 2 2012
Biu din cc lnh so snh trong LAD.
M t

LAD

on hng

Lnh so s nh theo
kiu Byte ( t ) c
dng so s nh hai gi
tr IN1 v IN2.

Byte c so s nh dng

Trong lnh so s nh kh ng du.

theo kiu Byte

ao To n hng u v o :

gm : IN1==IN2, IN1 IB, QB, MB, SMB,

>=IN2, IN1<=IN2, IN1 VB, SB, LB, AC, hng
<IN2, IN1>IN2, IN1 s.
<>IN2.
Tip im ng nu
php so s nh l ng
Lnh so s nh theo
kiu s nguy n c
dng so s nh hai gi
tr IN1 v IN2.
Trong lnh so s nh
theo kiu s nguy n
ao gm : IN1==IN2,
IN1 >=IN2, IN1<=IN2,
IN1 <IN2, IN1>IN2,
IN1 <>IN2.
Tip im ng nu

36

S c so s nh dng
c du.
To n hng u v o :
IW, QW, MW, SMW,
VW, SW, LW, AC, T,
C, hng s.

 n 2 2012
php so s nh l ng
Lnh so s nh theo
kiu Dou le Word ( t
kp ) c dng so
s nh hai gi tr IN1 v
IN2.

S c so s nh dng

Trong lnh so s nh c du.

theo kiu s nguy n To n hng u v o : ID
ao gm : IN1==IN2, QD, MD, SMD, VD,
IN1 >=IN2, IN1<=IN2, SD, LD, AC, hng s.
IN1 <IN2, IN1>IN2,
IN1 <>IN2.
Tip im ng nu
php so s nh l ng

* Lnh MOVE:
Trong S7_200 c cc hm Move sau:
Move_B: Di chuyn cc gi tr cho nhau trong gi i hn 1 Byte
Move_W: Di chuyn cc gi tr nguyn cho nhau trong gi i hn 1
Word
Move_DW: Di chuyn cc gi tr nguyn cho nhau trong gi i hn 1
DWord

37

 n 2 2012
Move_R: Di chuyn cc gi tr thc cho nhau trong gi i hn 1 Dint
* Move_B:

EN: ng vo cho php

IN Ng vo: VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB,

AC,
Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC
OUT Ng ra VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC, *VD, *LD, *AC
Khi c tn hiu ng cho php, lnh s chuyn ni dung ca nh trong
(IN) sang nh trong OUT

* MOVE W

EN: ng vo cho php

IN Ng vo: VW, IW, QW, MW, SW,

SMW, LW, T, C, AIW, Constant, AC, *VD,
*AC, *LD

38

 n 2 2012
OUT Ng ra: VW, T, C, IW, QW, SW, MW,SMW, LW, AC, AQW, *VD,
*AC, *LD
Khi c tn hiu ng cho php,lnh s chuyn ni dung ca nh trong
(IN) sang nh trong OUT
* MOVE_DW
EN: ng vo cho php

IN Ng vo: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD,

LD, HC, &VB, &IB, &QB, &MB, &SB, &T,
&C, &SMB, &AIW, &AQW AC, Constant,
*VD, *LD, AC
OUT Ng ra: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD, LD, AC, *VD, *LD, *AC
Khi c tn hiu ng cho php,lnh s chuyn ni dung ca nh trong
(IN) sang nh trong OUT

*MOVE_R

EN: ng vo cho php

IN Ng vo: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD,

39

 n 2 2012
SMD, LD, AC, Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC, *LD
OUT Ng ra: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD,SMD, LD, AC, *VD, *LD, *AC,
*LD
khi c tn hiu ng cho php,lnh s chuyn ni dung ca nh trong
(IN) sang nh trong OUT
Cc tn hiu ng v o cng nh ng ra ca cc lnh Move phi c chn
ng loi theo nh nh vng nh Dword i v i Move_R v Move_DW
Nu chn sai nh dng sai th ch ng trnh i n d ch cng

sai.

*Lnh xoay vng bit v dch chuyn d liu :

Trong lp trnh nu cn ta c th dng cc lnh iu khin d liu nhm mc
ch iu khin ch ng trnh linh hot hn, p ng c yu cu thc t t ng
iu khin.
Biu din lnh :
M t

LAD

Lnh xoay vng

C c to n hng:

thanh ghi theo kiu

SHRB
EN

To n hng

ENO

BIT :
Khi u v o EN c

DATA, S_BIT : I, Q,
M, SM, T, C, V, S, L

DATA

mt xung s cho

S_BIT

php nhp d liu t

N : VB, IB, QB, MB,

u v o DATA v o

SB, SMB, LB, AC,

thanh ghi d ch

hng s

40

 n 2 2012
S_BIT .
N s Bit trong thanh
ghi d ch s c
nhp v o

it nh c

it SM1.1
Lnh d ch chuyn d
liu theo kiu Byte :
Khi u v o EN
MOV-B
EN

ENO

mc logic 1 d liu

IN

OUT

t u v o IN s

To n hng u v o
IN : VB, IB, QB,
MB, SB, SMB, LB,
AC, hng s.
To n hng u ra

c xut ra u ra

OUT: VB, IB, QB,

OUT theo kiu Byte.

MB, SB, SMB, LB,

AC

41

 n 2 2012
hng 2: Phn mm Wincc v phng php kt ni PLC
2.1. Gii thiu phn mn giao din ngi my wincc (Siemens)
WinCC (Windows Control Center) l mt phn mm ca hng Siemens
dng iu khin, gim st thu thp d liu trong qu trnh sn xut . Nh ng
thnh phn c trong WinCC d s dng, gi p ng i dng tch hp nh ng ng dng
m i hoc c sn m khng gp bt k tr ngi no.
c trng c bn ca Win

WinCC chy trn h iu hnh Microsoft Windows XP, Windows 2000. Do

c tnh cht m v th ng xuyn cp nht, pht trin n n WinCC t ng thch
v i nhiu phn mm chun to nn giao din ng i v m y p ng nhu cu sn
xut. Ch ng trnh c tch hp nhiu ng dng, tn dng d ch v ca h iu
h nh l m c s m rng h thng. V i WinCC, ta c th s dng nhiu gii php
kh c nhau gii quyt cng vic, t vic xy dng h thng c qui m nh v
va khc nhau, cho t i vic xy dng h thng c qui m l n nh MES: H thng
qun l vic thc hin sn xut Manufacturing Excution Systems
Tu theo kh n ng ca ng i thit k cng nh c c phn cng h tr khc
m WinCC v ang c pht trin trong nhiu lnh vc khc nhau.
ng dng ph bin nht ca WinCC l:
Khi mt h thng dng ch ng trnh WinCC iu khin, thu thp d liu
t qu trnh, n c th m phng bng hnh cc s kin xy ra trong qu trnh iu
khin d

i dng cc chui s kin. WinCC cung cp nhiu hm chc n ng cho

mc ch hin th , thng bo bng ha, x l th ng tin o l ng, cc tham s

cng thc, cc bng ghi

o c o, v.v p ng yu cu cng ngh ngy mt pht

trin v l mt trong nh ng ch ng trnh ng dng trong thc t.

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Cc chc n ng ca WinCC:
Lp cu hnh hon chnh.
H

ng dn gi i thiu v vic lp cu hnh.

Thch ng vic n nh, gi v l u tr cc d n

Qun l cc d n
C kh n ng ni mng v son tho cho nhiu ng i s dng trong mt
project.
Qun l phin bn
Din t bng th ca d liu cu hnh
iu khin v t cu hnh cho cc hnh v/cu trc h thng
Thit lp cu hnh ton cc
t cu hnh cho cc chc n ng nh v c bit.
To v son tho cc tham kho an cho.
Phn hi d liu
Bo co trng thi h thng.
Thit lp h thng ch.
Chuyn gi a Run-timer v cu hnh.
Kim tra ch m phng, tr gi p thao t c t cu hnh d liu bao
gm: D ch hnh v, m phng tag, th trng thi v thit lp thng bo.

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2.2. Cu hnh Wincc
2.2.1.

c loi Project

Hnh 2.1: Cc loi Project

Single-User Project: Mt Single-User Project l mt trm vn h nh n.
To cu hnh, cng nh kt ni us qu trnh v l u tr d liu ca Project c
thc hin trong my tnh ny
Multi-User Project: Cu hnh nhiu Client v mt Server. Tt c cng lm
vic trn mt Project. Ti a 16 Client c truy cp vo mt Server. Cu hnh c
th t trong server hoc trong mt vi client. D

liu ca project l cc hnh nh,

cc tag, mc l u tr d liu c l u tr trong server v cung cp cho cc client.

Server c kt ni v i bus qu trnh v d liu qu trnh c x l y. Vic
vn hnh h thng c thc hin t cc client.
Client Project: Client Project l mt loi project m c th truy cp vo
nhiu server. C c server c lin kt c project ca ring ca chng. Cu hnh
project ca server c thc hin trong server hoc trong cc client.\

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2.2.2.

hc nng ca Win

Explower

Hnh 2.2: WinCC Explower

Khi khi ng ch ng trnh ca s ny hin ra. Tt c thnh phn ca Win CC
c khi ng t y, c th truy cp vo tt c thnh phn m mt project giao
din ng i my cn c cng nh xy dng cu hnh cho cc thnh phn ring r.
Win CC Explower cung cp c c th ng tin d

i y:

Chc n ng ca Win CC Explower

Kin trc ca Win CC Explower
Cc chun editor chun
Ti y cha tt c cc cc n ng qun l cho ton h thng trong Win CC
Explower c th t cu hnh khi ng module (Run-time).
Nhim v qun l d liu:
Qun l d liu cung cp nh qu trnh v i cc gi tr ca tag. Tt c cc hot
ng ca qun l d liu u chy trn mt nn.

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- Lp cu hnh hon chnh.
-H

ng dn gi i thiu v vic lp cu hnh.

- Thch ng vic n nh, gi v l u tr cc d n

- Qun l cc d n
- C kh n ng ni mng v son tho cho nhiu ng i s dng trong mt
project.
- Din t bng th ca d liu cu hnh
- iu khin v t cu hnh cho cc hnh v/cu trc h thng
- Thit lp cu hnh ton cc
- t cu hnh cho cc chc n ng nh v c bit.
- To v son tho cc tham kho an cho.
- Phn hi d liu
- Bo co trng thi h thng.
- Thit lp h thng ch.
- Chuyn gi a Run-timer v cu hnh.
- Kim tra ch m phng, tr gi p thao t c t cu hnh d liu bao
gm: D ch hnh v, m phng tag, th trng thi v thit lp thng bo.
Mt d n bao gm cc thnh phn sau: Computer (my tnh), Tag
Managerment (qun l bin), Data Type (kiu d liu), Editor
Computer (my tnh)

46

(son tho).

 n 2 2012
Thnh phn m y tnh dng qun l tt c my tnh c th truy cp vo mt
d n hin c, t cu hnh ring cho mi my. Cc thuc tnh ca mt my tnh:
bao gm tn my v kiu my tnh.
- Server: m y tnh trung tm l u tr d liu v qun l ton cc trong h
thng Win CC.
- Client: c nh ngha nh mt trm lm vic. Trung tm iu khin c
ti cc b trong tng loi my tnh ny
- Cc b iu khin truyn thng: L giao din kt ni mt h thng PLC v
WinCC. H thng Win CC cha cc b iu khin truyn th ng (li n k t ng)
trong knh DLL v i cc thng tin v:
iu kin tin quyt cn x l cc tag qu trnh bng PLC.
Cc th tc chung kt ni tag ngoi
Gi i thiu cu hnh c bit ca knh DLL
Tag Mamagerment (qun l bin) Tags WinCC l phn t trung tm
truy cp cc gi tr qu trnh. Trong mt d n, chng nhn mt tn v mt kiu
d liu duy nht. Kt ni logic s c gn v i bin WinCC. Kt ni n y x c nh
knh no s chuyn giao gi tr qu trnh cho cc bin. Cc bin c l u trong c
s d liu ton d n. Khi mt ch ca WinCC khi ng, tt c cc bin trong
mt d n c np v cu trc Run-time t ng ng c thit lp. Mi bin c
l u tr trong qun l d liu theo mt kiu d liu chun.

- Bin ni: cc bin ni kh ng c a ch trong h thng PLC, do qun l

d liu bn trong WinCC s cung cp cho ton b mng h thng. Cc bin ni
c dng l u tr thng tin tng qu t nh : Ng y gi hin hnh, l p hin hnh, cp

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nht lin tc. Hn n a, cc bin ni cho php trao i d liu gi a cc ng
thc hin vic truyn thng cho cng qu trnh theo cch tp trung v ti u.
- Bin qu trnh: l cc bin lin kt v i vic truyn th ng logic phn nh
thng tin v a ch ca cc h thng PLC khc nhau. Cc bin ngoi cha mt mt
mc ch tng qut gm cc thng tin v tn, kiu, cc gi tr gi i hn v mt mc
chuyn bit v kt ni m cch din t ph thuc kt ni logic.
- Nhm bin: cha tt c cc bin c kt ni logic ln nhau
Data Type (Cc kiu d liu)
- Binary: Kiu nh phn
- Unsigned 8-bit value: kiu nguyn 8 bit khng du.
- Signed 8-bit value: kiu nguyn 8 bit c du.
- Unsigned 16-bit value: Kiu nguyn 16 bit khng du
- Signed 16-bit value: Kiu nguyn 16 bit c du
- Unsigned 32-bit value: Kiu nguyn 32 bit khng du
- Signed 32-bit value: Kiu nguyn 32 bit c du
- Floating point Number 32 bit IEEE 754: kiu s thc
32 bit theo tiu chun IEEE 754.
- Floating point Number 64 bit IEEE 754: kiu s thc
64 bit theo tiu chun IEEE 754.
- Text Tag 8 bit character set: kiu k t 8 bit
- Text Tag 16 bit character set: kiu k t 8 bit

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- Raw Data type: d liu th
Cc trnh son tho (Editor)
- H thng ho (Graphics Designer): L mt trnh son tho ho cung
cp c c i t ng ho v cc bng mu cho php to cc hnh nh qu trnh t
n gin n phc tp. Nh ng c tnh ng c th c to ra cho tng i t ng
ho ring l. Cc i t ng ho c th do ng i s dng to ra hoc ly trc
tip trong th vin
- n bn cc Action (Global Script): cho php to ra nh ng h nh ng cho c c i
t ng. Trnh son tho n y cho php ng i ta to ra cc hm ging nh trong C
hoc VB. Cc h nh ng ny c th c s dng trong mt s hoc nhiu project
tu v o m code c to ra
- H thng thng bo (Alarm Longging): cho php thao tc vic la chn vic thu
thp v l u tr cc kt qu ca qu trnh v chun b hin th cc thng bo. C
th la chn cc khi thng bo (Message blocks), cc l p thng bo (Message
classes), loi th ng

o (Message type) hin th cc thng bo v bo co.

- L u tr cc gi tr o ca qu trnh (Tag Longging): c s dng thu thp d

liu t cc qu trnh v chun b chng cho vic hin th v l u tr . D liu c
nh dng cho vic l u tr , thi gian thu thp v l u tr c th c la chn tr
- H thng bo co (Report Designer): L mt h thng tch hp c c
cung cp ti liu theo thi gian t tr

c.

o c o

c hoc theo s kin iu khin ca cc

thng bo, cc thao tc, cc ni dung l u tr , cc d liu hin thi hoc d liu l u
tr trong cc bo co ca ng i s dng hoc c th la chn cc dng layout
trong project. N cung cp y cc giao din cho ng i s dng v i cc cng c
ho v a ra c c kiu bo co khc nhau.

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- Cho php son tho c c v n n s dng trong qu trnh chy bi cc module
khc nhau.
2.2.3. Graphics designer

Hnh 2.3: Graphics Designer

Cu trc ca giao din ho
- Menu bar
- Palette chun
- Thanh trng thi
- Thanh l p
Cc palette to v sa ch a i t ng ho
- Palette mu
- Palette i t ng
- Palette kiu
- Palette v sp xp

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- Palette phng to thu nh
- Palette font
Bng c c i t ng
- C c i t ng chun (Standard Object): Ti y c rt nhiu i t ng,
s dng v ly chng th ch cn nhp chut v ko vo ca s lm vic. C th
dng chut l m thay i kch th

c c c i t ng bao gm: ng thng, hnh a

gi c, ng gp kh c, elip,
- C c i t ng thng minh (Smart Object): Gm c c i t ng nhng
- ng dng Window (Application Window): L nh ng i t ng thng bo
h thng (Alarm Longging), l u tr h thng (Tag Longging), bo co h thng.
Application Window m ra nh ng ng dng v qun l n hin th v vn hnh.
- iu khin nhng v lin kt i t ng (OLE control): S dng OLE
control cung cp cc cng c Winndow (nt n, hp la chn). C c thuc
tnh ca n c biu th trong ca s O ject Properties v ta

Event.

- Tr ng vo/ra (I/O field): S dng nh mt s tr ng vo hoc ra hoc c

hai. Cc dng d liu cho php s dng v i I/O field:
- Nh phn
- H 16
- H thp phn
- Xu k t

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- Bar: Thuc tnh ca n nh h ng n s xut hin v tnh n ng ca n.
N th hin cc gi tr bng th c quan h v i gi i hn cao, thp hoc hon
ton ch l miu t bng ho phi hp th hin nh ng gi tr v i t l do ng i
s dng nh tr

c.

- Hin th trng thi (Status Display): S dng hin th bt k con s no

ca nh ng trng thi khc nhau. Cho php thc hin hin th ng bng cch ni
n v i tt cc c c tag t ng ng v i nh ng trng thi khc nhau.
- Danh s ch v n n (Text list): S dng a gi tr cho v n n. N c
th s dng nh mt danh sch vo hoc phi hp danh s ch v n n. Dng s liu
l thp phn, nh phn, hoc bt d liu u c th c s dng.
C c i t ng ca Window (Window Objeccct):
- Nt n ( utton): N c s dng iu khin s kin qu trnh. N c
hai trng thi n xung v khng n. Lin kt t i qu trnh bng cch thc hin cc
thuc tnh ng t ng ng .
- Hp th (check box)
- Nhm la chn (Option Group)
- Nt trn (Round Button)
- Slider
2.2.4. Tag longing (hin th gi tr ca qu trnh)
u tin, khi ng ch ng trnh windows control Center 6.0
bng cch: Tasbar, chn Start> Simantic > Win CC > Windows control center 6.0.

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Hnh 2.4: Tag Logging

Chc n ng ca Tag logging

Tag logging c chc n ng cho php ly d liu t qu trnh thc th ,chun b
hin th v l u tr cc d liu . D liu c th c cung cp cc tiu chun
v cng ngh v k thut quan trng li n quan n hot ng ca h thng.
Tag logging c chia lm 2 phn:
- Tag logging CS h thng cu hnh
- Tag logging RT h thng Run-Time
Nhim v ca Tag logging CS
C th gn tt c c c c tnh cn thit l u tr v hin th cc d liu bng Tag
logging CS. C c c tnh ny phi c to v chun b tr

c khi h thng Run-

Time khi ng. Tag logging CS ca WINCC cung cp mt giao din c bit cho
mc ch n y.

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Nhim v ca Tag logging RT
H thng Tag logging RT nhn cc gi tr d liu v lin kt chng v i c c c
tnh c n nh.
Tag logging c thc hin cho cc mc ch sau:
- Ti u ho h thng
- Cung cp cc th tc vn hnh r rng v d hiu
- T ng n ng sut
- T ng cht l ng sn phm
- Ti u ho chu k lp li
- Cung cp ti liu.
Cc kiu d liu.
D liu c chia thnh cc nhm sau:
- D liu iu h nh: c xem l c s ca vic chuyn trng thi hin ti,
khi cng vic cn l m v h

ng pht trin ca h iu hnh.

- D liu m nhn: gm cc thng bo ,d liu qu trnh v cc gi tr t

cho mi c ng on sn xut.
- D liu lm vic: bao gm tt c cc d liu u vo.
- D liu v my: cho cc pht biu v trng thi ca my.
- D liu qu trnh: cho cc pht biu v phin bn hin h nh v tr
ca mt qu trnh lin tc.

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- D liu v cht l ng: nh ra cc pht biu v c tnh ca mt sn phm
cn c bo qun.
C th c mt vi d liu trong nhiu l p cng lc hoc cng mt d liu c gn
nhiu kiu d liu khc nhau.
Tag logging c th thu thp v b tc d liu qu trnh, cung cp c c c ch c n
thu thp v b tc kiu d liu.
C c ph ng ph p l u tr d liu qu trnh. D liu qu trnh l cc gi tr
o l ng c thu thp bi cc cm bin. x l trong WINCC cc d liu ny
phi c gn vo nh ng vng l u tr hay Tags.
C c c ph ng ph p l u tr sau:
- Vic l u tr tun hon s gim st cc thit b o l ng/tags.
- Vic l u tr tun hon nhn gi tr hin thi khi ngt c t cu hnh xy
ra.
- Vic l u tr tun hon c chn lc s lin kt iu khin ngt v i iu
khin vic l u tr thng qua cc chu trnh.
- Vic iu khin qu trnh nhn s thc thi ca h thng thng bo.
Cu trc Tags logging CS
Tags logging CS c cc phn sau:
- Timers: to cc chu k thu thp v l u tr .
- Archives: to c c vng l u tr v cc Tags
- Trend Window Templates: hin th gi tr o l ng bng ng cong.

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 n 2 2012
- Table Window Templates: : hin th gi tr o l ng theo dng bng.
- Timers: tags logging phn bit hai h thng thi gian khc nhau. Thi gian
thu thp v thi gian l u tr .
- Thi gian thu thp: khong thi gian m cc gi tr trong c sao chp
t nh qu trnh ca qun l d liu bi Tags logging.
- Thi gian l u tr : khong thi gian m d liu c

np v o vng l u

tr . Thi gian l u tr lun l mt s nguyn gm cc khong thi gian thu thp.

gi tr m i nht s c np v o vng l u tr .
- Thi gian nn: c s dng to thi gian gi i hn trong d

liu

c nn.
- Achivers: c th l u tr bng 1 trong 3 cch:
- L u tr gi tr qu trnh: nhn ni dung ca cc tags

qun l d

liu.

- L u tr nn: nn d liu v lin kt cc d liu rt hiu qu. Bng cch ny,

cc gi tr o l ng c b tc trc tip v ghi nhn ngay lp tc. l u tr nn cho
php l u tr trong thi gian di cho tt c cc kiu tags khc trong tags logging.
- L u tr theo ng i dng: mt s bin ng i dng (tags Use-Defined) c
np v o vng l u tr cho ng i s dng. vng n y dng thu thp d liu quan
trng, n nh tham s sn xut, iu khin d liu lit k.
- Trends: c th v th c c ng cong t gi tr thu c trong qu trnh,
WINCC c th theo di s thay i cc gi tr o l ng theo thi gian mt cch
tng qut v r rng.

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- Tables: tables c chc n ng gi ng nh trends nh ng hin th bng gi tr c
th theo bng. v i tnh n ng n y ca table khi cn thit c th hiu chnh cc thng
s u v o t c ng ra ti u.
2.2.5. Cu trc alarm longging

Hnh 2.5: Alarm logging

Chc n ng ca Alarm logging
Module m trch v cc thng bo nhn c v l u tr .N cha cc chc
n ng nhn cc thng tin bo t cc qu trnh chun b hin th l u tr v hi
p chng ,v i c tnh ny Alarm longging gip chng ta tm ra nguyn nhn li.
C c c tnh ca h thng Alarm longging :
- Cung cp cc thng tin v loi v trng thi hot ng ca h thng ton
din.

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- Cho php s m nhn ra cc tnh trng nguy cp.
- Trnh v gim thiu thong bo.
- Cht l ng sn phm t ng.
Module gm hai phn .
- H thng cu hnh Alarm longging Cs.
- H thng run-time (Alarm longging RT).
Nhim v ca Alarm Longging CS ..
S dng Alarm longging CS t cu hnh cho cc thng

o chng

c hin th theo mong mun .Cu hnh ca Alarm longging ca Wincc cung cp
mt giao din c to lp sn .
Nhim v ca Alarm longging RT
Thu thp cc thng bo v hi p . N chun b c c th ng

o hin

th v l u tr
Thit lp thng bo .
thit lp thng bo hon chnh cho Alarm longging ,tin h nh theo c c
sau:
- M Alarm longging.
- Khi ng Massage Winzard
- nh dng khi bn tin.
- Sa i ca s bn tin .

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- nh dng cu hnh bn tin.
- t l p mu cho bn tin.
- Gim st gi tr .
- Chn ca s bn tin vo trong mn hnh.
- t thng s ng dng v chy ng dng.
M ca s Alarm longging.Trong ca s Alarm longging gm c c th mc chnh
sau :
- Massage blocks: Khi thng bo chc n ng cha cc thng tin h thng v
cc tham s khc, cc khi th ng

o c chia thnh ba vng chnh sau.

- Cc khi h thng (System blocks):cc khi ny cha d liu h thng

c gn bi Alarm longging. Cc d liu bao gm :ngy gi ,bo co.
- Cc khi gi tr qu trnh (Process value): cc khi ny cha cc gi tr
chuyn t qu trnh nh :V t ng ng v gi tr nhit qu cao
- Cc khi v n n ng i dng (Userr text block) l khi v n n cho cc
thng tin tng qut v d hiu nh : gii thch cc thng bni xy ra li ra v
ngun gc thng bo.
- Massage classes: L p thng bo,Wincc cung cp 16 l p thng bo .C th
cu hnh cho cc l p thng bo. Mi th ng

o c gn mt kiu thng bo.

- Group masssges: Nhm thng bo gm c l p th ng

ng i dng

59

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 n 2 2012
- Massage Winzard: y l c ng c n gin t ng trong vic to nh ng
thng s ca h thng bo co.
2.3.

Phn mm pc access kt ni PLC v Wincc

Do s7 200 kh ng c ci sn drive v i phn mm WinCC nn ta phi t

c i t cho n bng phn mm PC access 1.0
C c

c thc hin giao tieps PLC v Win CC thng qua PC Access 1.0

Bc 1 . o ag trong phn mm P

ccess 1.0

1/ M phn mm PC Access 1.0

2 / Thm plc vo trong tng h thng ,s trm s c thit k trong pc access

1.0 , ,mi trm c phn bit v i nhau bng a ch plc

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Sau ta t tn cho PLC ta c th chn t i 126 PLC

3/ T PLC m i to trong PC Access ch ng ta add item v o PLC ng c ch a

con troe chut vo PLC ri n chut phi.

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Trong bng properties xut hin d

i y ta cn ch t i

name : Tn bin s s dng l u phi trng tn v i bin trong Win CC

address : a ch ca bin l a ch n o tr n PLC u vo hay ra hay
bin ni
type : nh dng cho bin th ng th ng PC Access s khai bo sn ph hp
v i a ch m ta s dng bin
Ch read /write cho php ta va c va ghi bin
Ch read ch cho c bin m khng cho ghi,ty vo mc ch
m ta s t khc nhau sao cho ph hp v i yu cu ca bi ton.

62

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 n 2 2012
Ngo i ra lm r cho bin hn ( i v i cc bi ton phc tp m ta kh c
th thuc thun thc tng bin) ta c th m t v chc n ng ca bin trong
decription

Sau khi khai bo hon tt ta n ok .L m t ng t nh vy v i cc bin khc

ta c bng cc bin nh v d sau

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4.Sau cng hon tt ta l u file li

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Bc 2 . Kt ni bin vi WinCC
1/M phn mn wincc ,To m i mt ch ng trnh wincc ,chn file/new
2/Add thm diver m i cho vic kt ni v i S7-200

Chn loi diver l OPC cho vic lin kt wincc v i S7-200 thng qua PC access
1.0

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3/Click chut phi vo OPC Groups ri chn system Parameter ,mn hnh
OPC item manager xut hin

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Tai m n hnh manager ch ng ta i cho WinCC tm kim .Sau khi Vic tm
kim hon thnh ta browse server s7200.OPCServer vo WinCC

mn hnh s7200.OPCServer ta add tng item t phn mm PC Access m

ta to l c tr

c vo WinCC

Khi phn mn s t ng Add Tag va chn vo trong phn mn , sau khi

hon thnh phn add tt c cc tag th thot ra khoi phn thit k . Khi ch ng
trnh wincc s to ra nh ng tag m ly trong phn mn PC access

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hng 3: M hnh phn Loi sn phm
3.1.

Phn cng

M hnh thc t:
- B ng ti:
+phn khung lm bng nhm.
+Mt ng ti c lm bng mt vi qun trn xung quanh 2 con l n. Sn
phm c t chy trn mt ng ti.
+hai con l n c t hai u khung nhm.
- Mng hng sn phm.
- Ba cm bin CB1, CB2 v CB3:
+ cc cm bin c s dng l cm bin quang ca hang Siemens.
+ cc cm bin c gn bn cnh ng ti.
+ CB1 c gn bn cnh mt ng ti cao hn 8cm so v i mt ng ti.
+ CB2 c gn bn cnh mt ng ti cao hn 5.5cm so v i mt ng ti.
+ CB3 c gn bn cnh mt ng ti cao hn 3cm so v i mt ng ti.
- Hai piston dng y sn phm.
- Cc sn phm:
C 3 loi sn phm: sn phm cao,sn phm trung bnh, sn phm thp. C ba
sn phm u c lm bng g.
+Sn phm cao lm bng g c kch th

c 8cm,

+Sn phm trung bnh bng g c kch th

+Sn phm thp bng g c kch th

c 5.5cm.

c 3cm

- Role c dng bo v cc ng ra ca PLC.

- cc nt nhn Start, Stop, reset, t ng, gim.

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3.2.

Chc nng ca tng nt trn m hnh

a ch

Chc n ng

STT

Tn

start

n start khi ng ton b h thng . B ng ti

quay , cm bin v cc tay gat,h thng t sn
phm c hot ng

stop

n stop dng ton b h thng.Dng ng

ti,tay gt,kh ng cho c i t s sn phm

Reset

n reset lm ton b h thng t sn phm tr

v mc nh trong khi ng ti vn quay

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4

T ng

n n t t ng t ng s sn phm t .

Gim

n gim gim s sn phm t .

3.3. Nguyn l hot ng.

Trong m hnh trnh by c 3 loi sn phm khc nhau v kch th c . y chnh
l c im m chng em s dng phn loi v m sn phm . Qua kch th c
ca sn phm m chng m chia thnh 3 loi l sn phm cao,sn phm trung bnh
v sn phm thp.
Khi ta n start khi ng ton b h thng th ng ti quay.Cc cm bin,
piston ,b m sn phm, n hin th u hot ng.
1. Khi c sn phm cao i qua Cm bin quang nhn tn hiu a v
PLC,Khi sn phm i qua ho n to n PLC t tn hiu cm biens
a v o.L m counter m,l c n y win cc c tn hiu t bin nh
thong qua counter v hin th ra mn hnh.PLC xut tn hiu
xung vi iu khin l m vi iu khin m sn phm cao. Sau 1
khong thi gian tr c tnh to n sn phm i n v tr
thun li th PLC out ra tn hiu cho piston sn phm cao hot
ng.
2. Khi c sn phm trung nh i v o ng ti.Do s sp xp chiu
cao cc cm bin khc nhau m cm bin cao s nm cao hn sn
phm trung bnh v thp nn n khng th pht hin ra 2 loi sn
phm thp v trung bnh,Khi cm bin trung bnh pht hin vt
phm n cng thao t c t ng t nh v i sn phm cao .
3. Khi sn phm thp xut hin tr n ng ti.N d d ng i qua 2 cm
bin cao v trung nh n v i cm bin thp.Khi ny cm bin
thp c nhim v a tn hiu v o PLC m sn phm thp ,m

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PLC khng cn a tn hiu gt v sn phm thp s i thng v
cui ng ti.

3.4. Cm bin
Cm bin quang in phn x khuch tn
u ra l NPN, 3 dy ni NO. NPN cho php dng in trong cm bin i v o
in p chung .u ra ca cm bin hot ng nh mt kha chuyn mch. Bnh
th ng u ra ca cm bin l mt Transistor c vai tr nh mt kha ( khi st p).
Nu cm bin va pht hin c i t ng sau to ra ng t c ng. ng
t c ng n y c ni trc tip t i Trans NPN. Nu in p truyn t i ng t c
ng l 0V, Trans khng cho php dng chy trong cm bin. Nu i n p tr n
ng t c ng l n hn (12V), Trans s m kha cho php dng chy trong cm
bin t i cc chung.

Cm bin ch u phn ng ca cc tc nhn vt l. Nu cm bin khng hot

ng, in p ng t c ng thp, khi Trans kha. C ngha l u ra NPN

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khng c dng vo/ ra. Khi cm bin hot ng lm cho ng t c ng c in p
cao, Trans m kha v t c ng ng kha. Dng chy t cm bin t i t. in
p u ra ca NPN gim xung -V.
Kch th

c 18mm, lm vic 10- 36 VDC

Khong cch pht hin 10cm, dng nh mc 300mA

V lm bng cht liu ABS
Chng nhiu tt
Gn v tit kim ch
Bo v chng ngn mch v ni cc ngun
Ch hot ng Ligh-ON
Hnh dng:
Thng s nh mc, c tnh k thut:

Thng s k thut

E3F DS10C4

Khong cch pht hin

100mm

Vt th pht hin tiu chun

Giy trng 100x100mm

c tnh tr

Ti a 20%khong cch pht hin

Ngun s ng(

c sng)

LED hng ngoi(860nm)

in p ngun cp

12VDC- 24VDC+/-10% k c xung

ti a 10%(p-p)

Cng sut tiu th

Ti a 25mA

Ng ra iu khin

Ng ra transistor colector h, ti a
100mA, in p d : ti a 1V
100mA

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Mch bo v

Bo v ngn mch ng ra v ni
c c ngun cp DC

Thi gian p ng

Ti a 2,5ms

iu chnh nhy
nh h ng nh sng ca m i tr ng

n dy tc: ti a 3000lux
nh sng mt tri: Ti a 10000lux

Nhit mi tr ng

Hot ng -250C t i 550C( khng

ng ng hoc ng ng t)
Bo qun -300C t i 700C ( khng
ng ng hoc ng ng t)

m m i tr ng

Hot ng 35% n 85%

Bo qun -30% n 95%( khng
ng ng t)

Tr kh ng c ch in

Ti thiu 20M 500VDC gi a cc

b phn mang in v v

C ng in mi

1000VAC, 50/60Hz trong 1 pht

gi a cc b phn mang in v v

Mc ch u rung

10-55HZ, i n rung 1,5mm hoc

300m/s2 trong 1h theo x, y ,z

Mc ch u sc

Mc ph hy 500m/s2 cho 3 ln
mi h ng x,y,z

Cp bo v

IP66

Cp ni

Dy ni th ng (di tiu chun 2m)

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n ch th

Ch th hot ng

Trng l ng( c v)

Ti a 85g

Vt liu

ABS

Thu knh

PMMA

Ph kin

B iu khin

S u dy:

L u :
Nu dy vo/ra ca cm bin quang c t ging nh dy c p in hoc
dy in th cao. Cm bin quang c th b sai lch hoc c th b ph hy
bi nhiu in. tch ring dy hoc s dng dy bc nh l dy v o/ ra t
cm bin
Kh ng cm bin b va p mnh khi gn v o i t ng.
Khng ni dy v i dy nu khi khng ti, nu ni trc tip cc dy cm bin
c th b ph hy ( loi chuyn i AC).

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Khi s dng cm bin quang in gn b chuyn i ng c, m bo
ng c c ni t. Nu ng c ni t b hng th cm bin c th b sai
lch. Khi s dng cm bin trn 450C, dng trn ti nm trong khong
110mA t i 130mA

Kch th

NPN output

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3.5. u khuyt im ca m hnh
3.5.1. u im
M hnh n gin v hiu qu. p dng c trong thc t gip phn loi
c sn phm m minh mong mun. c th thay th bng c c ph ng ph p phn
loi kh c nh m u sc, khi l ng, kim loi v phi kim.
3.5.2. Khuyt im
Cn hn ch v mt s mt nh : nu ta hai sn phm cng kch th
nhau th ch phn loi c mt ci v kh n ng lp trnh cn hn ch.

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c st

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Chng 4: hc thi h thng iu khin gim st dy
chuyn phn loi sn phm dung Wincc v S7-200
4.1. Chng trnh cho PL

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4.2. Lu thut ton

Sn phm

No

Cb1 sn
phm cao
Yes

No
Cb2 sn phm
trung bnh

i= i+1

k= k+1

Yes
i>biendat
No

Yes

k>biendat

Cb1 dng,
piston1
khng hot
ng, ch
reset hot
tng gi tr
bin t

Couter m
Delay 20s

Piston 1 y
sn phm

No
Couter m
Delay 52s

Cb2 dng,
piston2
khng hot
ng, ch
reset hot
tng gi tr
bin t

Piston 2 y
sn phm
Cm bin
hnh trinh
Cm bin
hnh trinh

78

Piston 1 tr v
v tr ban u
2

4
Piston 2 tr v
v tr ban u
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Yes

Cb3 sn
phm thp

m= m+1
4
1

m> biendat

Cm bin
v piston
ngng
hoat
ng

End

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4.3

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4.4.

Lp giao din m phng trn wincc.

4.5. Kt lun
Qua t i

PHN LOI SN PHM DA VO CHIU CAO trnh

cho chng ta bit v nguyn l hot ng ca PLC S7-200, cm bin, van iu

khin kh nn v piston. Bn cnh gi p ta it them v phn mm Step7
Micro/Win v ch ng trnh iu khin gi m s t Wincc. qua ta c th p dng
cho nh ng tr ng hp kh c nhau v p ng c nh ng nhu cu thit yu ca x
hi.
T nh ng ng dng trn ta c th p dng m hnh cho sn xut trong cc nh my
x nghip.

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Ti liu tham kho
[1] www.plcvietnam.net
[2] www.dientuvietnam.com
[3] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4RW7OLLCj0
[4] Ti liu hng dn th nghim mng truyn thng cng nghip
( BS: Nguyn Ngc Sn)
[5] gio trnh iu khin logic-PLC / Trng i Hc Cng Nghip
TPHCM
[6] iu khin v gim st vi S7-200, S7-300, PC access v Wincc ( TS.
L Th Ngc Bch, PGSTS Trn Thu H-KS Phn Quang Huy-HQG
TPHCM)
[7] T ng ha vi wincc ( PGTS Trn Thu H, KS Phm Quang Huy.
Nh xut bn Hng c)

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