Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Sam X. Yao
Ben C. Gerwick, Inc.
Concrete Production/Transportatio Concrete Placement Procedures Finish and Protection Inspection and Quality Control
The water-to-fine ratio - Enough Fine to Make It Flowable and Cohesive (0.85-1.0 by volume)
Fly Ash plus Silica Fume Chemical Admixtures HRWR and Set-retarder
RISK FACTORS Prodcution & Delivery Logistics Loss of Flowability Washout - Laitance Segregation, Bleeding Trapping of Water Excessive Disturbance Erosion
Wc * h + Ww * D + FR Wc
Placement Sequence
Simultaneous Placement Method Advanced Slope Method
Erosion Damage
Coarse Aggregates
Absorption: 1.1%
Fine Aggregates
Specific Gravity: 2.72 Fineness Modulus: 2.9 Absorption: 3.0% Natural River Sand
Gradations of Aggregates
Volume Ratio of Fine Aggregates to Total Aggregates: 47% Volume Ratio of Coarse Aggregates to Total Solids: 42%
Grading Curve
100 90 80
P e rc e n ta g e P a s s in g
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 #200
Sand
Gravel
#100
#50
#30
#16
#8
#4
3/8"
1/2"
3/4"
1"
1-1/2"
Sieve Number
Mix Proportions
Mix No. 2 (25% F.A) 580 160 40 1,659 1,396 302.5 85.8 117 156 Mix No. 3 (control) 740 0 40 1,688 1,420 303.3 85.8 117 189
Mix No. 1 (52% F.A) Cement Type II, lb./cy 390 Fly Ash, lb./cy 350 Micro Silica, lb./cy 40 Coarse Agg, lb./cy 1.625 Fine Agg, lb./cy 1,367 Water, lb./cy 301.8 Rheomac UW, oz/cwt 85.8 Delvo, oz/cwt 117 Glenium, oz/cy 102.6
A v e ra g e C o m p re s s iv e S tre n g th (p s i)
10000.0
Mix 3 Mix 2
8000.0
6000.0
4000.0
Mix 1
2000.0
0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Age (days)
Workability Test
Minimum Requirement or Achieving 1:10 Slope on Top Surface of the Concrete Pours 10 Slump and 20 Slump Flow
Concrete Cores
Cofferdam Failure
Cofferdam Overtopping
Braddock Dam
Braddock
Grouting
Concrete Infill
3 Miles
Emsworth L/D
Ri ve r Dashields L/D
Oh io
Mile 14.7
Mile 13.3
Pittsburgh
Mo no
Underwater Foundations
PILE DRIVING BARGE
FL OW
SCREED BARGE
Concurrent Operations: Dredge/Backfill Place Base Stone Screed Stone Install Piers
Fabrication Site
Braddock Dam
Braddock Dam
Braddock Dam
Construction Complete
Florida Keys
Repair Design
Project Location
One of numerous geothermal plants on the eastern side of the Salton Sea. Bombay Beach at Salton Sea.
Trial Testing
Liner: 30 mil thick PVC geomembrane backed with a nonwoven geotextile Nonwoven fabric prevent slippage of concrete during placement and strengthen the liner Vibrator on slip form to consolidate and maintain concrete flow