HIV/AIDS v cc bin php phng chng

Hng ng thng hnh ng quc gia phng chng HIV/AIDS ch Hng ti khng cn ngi nhim mi HIV, chin dch phng, chng AIDS ton cu v nhn ngy th gii phng chng HIV/AIDS (1/12). Nh chng ta bit hin nay i dch HIV/AIDS l mt i dch nguy him, l mi him ha i vi tnh mng, sc khe, con ngi v tng lai ni ging ca cc quc gia, cc dn tc trn ton cu. N tc ng mnh m n s pht trin v kinh t, vn ha, an ninh trt t v an ton x hi e da s pht trin bn vng ca tt c cc quc gia trn th gii. ng lo ngi hn l HIV/AIDS ang lan trn mnh m khp cc vng min t thnh th n nng thn, t min ni n hi o xa xi ca t nc cng nh khp ni trn th gii. Theo s liu thng k ca Cc phng chng HIV/AIDS trc thuc B y t, tnh n ngy 17/ 4 /2013 trn c nc c 210. 612 trng hp nhim HIV/AIDS. Trong c 54. 361 trng hp chuyn sang giai on AIDS v c 54. 485 ngi t vong. Theo d bo, nu chng ta khng c nhng bin php hu hiu, th n nm 2020, s ngi ly nhim HIV/AIDS c th ln n 700.000 ngiV c mi ngy tri qua trn t nc Vit Nam, li c thm 100 ngi phi sng chung vi cn bnh th k HIV/AIDS. Hin nay vn cha c mt loi thuc no c th cha khi bnh HIV/AIDS. V vy bit cch t phng cho mnh v cho cng ng cng nh tuyn truyn cho mi ngi cng hiu bit c coi nh l mt vc xin phng nga HIV/AIDS hin nay. I- HIV/AIDS L G ? HIV l mt ch vit tt ca loi vi rt gy suy gim min dch ngi. AIDS l ch vit tt ca hi chng suy gim min dch mc phi ngi. AIDS l giai on cui ca qu trnh nhim HIV. Trong giai on ny, h thng min dch ca c th b suy yu nn ngi bnh d mc cc bnh nh: nhim khun, ung th... II- TRIU CHNG C 04 giai on nhim HIV: 1. Giai on s nhim (cn gi l thi k ca s): thi gian ko di t 2 n 6 thng, c th hon ton bnh thng. Xt nghim HIV cho kt qu m tnh (v th trong giai on ny d ly bnh cho ngi khc nu quan h tnh dc khng an ton). 2. Giai on nhim HIV khng triu chng: Thi gian t 5 n 7 nm, c th vn khe mnh bnh thng. Xt nghim cho kt qu dng tnh. 3. Giai on cn AIDS: Vn khng c biu hin c trng, xt nghim cho kt qu dng tnh. 4. Giai on AIDS: c cc triu chng sau: - Gy st (gim trn 10% trng lng c th ).

- St , a chy, ho ko di trn 1 thng. - Xut hin nhiu bnh nh : ung th, vim phi, lao, vim da, l lot ton thn. - Ngi bnh nhanh chng t vong ty theo iu kin chm sc v iu tr. III- CC CON NG LY TRUYN HIV: C 3 con ng ly truyn HIV: 1.Tnh dc Virus HIV c rt nhiu trong cht dch sinh dc ca ngi b nhim. Do vy, virus HIV c th xm nhp vo mu bn tnh qua c quan sinh dc. Vic sinh hot tnh dc d c giao hp hay ch tip xc c quan sinh dc u c kh nng ly nhim. 2.ng mu. HIV c rt nhiu trong mu ngi nhim. Do vy vic dng chung bm kim tim, dng c y t khng qua tit trng vi ngi nhim HIV, truyn mu ca ngi nhim HIV u lm cho bn b ly nhim HIV. Ring v ma ty , bn thn n khng sinh ra HIV nhng ngi nghin ma ty d dng b ly nhim HIV khi dng chung bm kim tim vi bn nghin hoc bm kim tim ti t im bn thuc. 3.T m sang con. T l tr em sinh ra b nhim HIV t nhng ngi m b nhim HIV l 25 -30%. HIV c th ly t m sang b qua nhau thai khi b trong bng m, qua mu v cht dch ca m khi sinh hoc qua sa m khi m cho con b. Tr s sinh nhim HIV thng khng sng c qu 3 nm. IV- HIV KHNG LY QUA: 1.Mui t: 2.Tip xc thng thng Tt c nhng tip xc thng thng nh n ung, bt tay, m, cng nh, lm cng c quan, tm chung b bi,......vi ngi nhim HIV khng lm ly truyn HIV. V- CCH PHNG , TRNH: Da vo ng ly nhim HIV, c cc bin php phng sau: 1. Phng nhim HIV/AIDS ly qua ng tnh dc: - Sng lnh mnh, chung thu mt v mt chng v c hai ngi u cha b nhim HIV. Khng quan h tnh dc ba bi. - Trong trng hp quan h tnh dc vi mt i tng cha r c b nhim HIV khng, cn phi thc hin tnh dc an ton bo v cho bn thn bng cch s dng bao cao su ng cch. - Pht hin sm v cha tr kp thi cc bnh ly truyn qua ng tnh dc cng gip gim thiu nguy c ly nhim HIV/AIDS v nhng tn thng do nhim trng ly truyn qua ng tnh dc s l ca vo l tng cho HIV 2. Phng nhim HIV/AIDS ly qua ng mu: - Khng tim chch ma ty. - Ch truyn mu v cc ch phm mu khi tht cn thit, v ch nhn mu v cc ch phm mu xt nghim HIV. - Ch s dng bm kim tim v trng. Khng dng chung bm kim tim. S dng dng c tit trng khi phu thut, xm, x l, chm cu... - Trnh tip xc trc tip vi cc dch c th ca ngi nhim HIV - Dng ring dng c nhn: dao co, bn chi rng, bm mng tay,... 3. Phng nhim HIV/AIDS ly truyn t m sang con:

- Ngi ph n b nhim HIV th khng nn c thai v t l ly truyn HIV sang con l 30%, nu c thai th khng nn sinh con. - Trng hp mun sinh con, cn n c s y t c t vn v cch phng ly nhim HIV cho con. - Sau khi nu c iu kin th nn cho tr dng sa b thay th sa m. VI- CHNG TA CN PHI LM G TRC CN BNH TH K NY? HIV/AIDS khng phi l bnh XH, m ngi nhim HIV/AIDS l mt ngi bnh, khng phi ch nhng ngi xu, ngi dnh vo t nn XH mi nhim HIV, m tt c mi ngi u c th nhim HIV nu khng thc hin cc hnh vi an ton. Sng lnh mnh, ng chun mc o c, ng vi la tui ng bao gi dng ma ty. Ma ty l con ng gn nht dn n HIV/AIDS. Khng dng chung bm kim tim, dng c y t cha tit trng. Khng lm vo t nn x hi : ma ty, mi dm,.... Gia nh v cng ng cn h tr, gip ngi nhim HIV/AIDS. Ngi nhim HIV/AIDS c trch nhim phng, trnh gy ly nhim HIV/AIDS cho gia nh v cng ng. Bt i mt nh mt k th l tng thm mt tia hi vng cho ngi nhim HIV/AIDS; Phng chng HIV/AIDS l trch nhim v ngha v ca ton XH, ca tng gia nh v ca mi c nhn,...