Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

TNH TON, THIT K TI U TUYN THNG TIN QUANG KHNG DY NG DNG TRONG IU KIN KH HU VIT NAM
CALCULATING, DESIGNING, OPTIMIZING FREE-SPACE OPTICS (FSO) LINK APPLIED IN VIET NAMS CLIMATE SVTH: Nguyn Ngc Dng, Phan Vnh Vng
Lp 05DT2, Trng i hc Bch khoa

GVHD: GVC.TS. Nguyn Vn Tun

Khoa in t-Vin thng, Trng i hc Bch khoa
TM TT Bi co ny ngh gii php nng cao cht lng h thng mng truy cp u cui ti Vit Nam bng cch ng dng k thut FSO nh l 1 gii php Last Mile tc cao. Trn c s tm hiu k thut FSO, chng ti nh gi kh nng ng dng ca n vo nc ta. Sau xy dng lu thut ton, ng dng vo vic tnh ton tuyn FSO khong cch 1km ti Nng vi iu kin thi tit ma ln nht 120mm/h v rt t sng m, nu c cng rt nh v thi gian ngn. V hn ch v thit b o t thc t, chng ti xy dng chng trnh m phng trn phn mm Opticsystem7.0 so snh kt qu tnh ton bng Matlab vi kt qu rt ra t chng trnh m phng. ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose the solution for enhancing the quality of access network in Vietnam by applying FSO technology as a high speed solution for Last Mile problem. After studying the fundamental of FSO, we establish the application ability in Vietnam. We build the algorithm chart for calculating typical FSO link. It is the 1Km link in Da Nang in condition of the 120mm/h rain rate (highest one) and a little fog. Because of lack of experimental equipment, we simulate system by Opticsystem7.0 software and compare its results with one of the Matlab program.

1. Nhng im c bn ca k thut FSO FSO l k thut vin thng truyn d liu gia hai im s dng phng php bc x nh sng (850nm 1550nm) thng qua knh truyn l mi trng khng kh cha xc nh. Tuyn FSO l tuyn thng tin tm nhn thng (LoS). 1.1. Nhng c tnh ca FSO V tn s nh sng l rt ln (300THz) nn bng thng dng cho thng tin ln hn rt nhiu so vi di RF (105Hz). Chm sng hp nn cng sut pht ch tp trung v cc tuyn FSO khng nh hng ln nhau. ng thi, khng cn ng k ph tn v k tha cc ngun thu pht ca h thng thng tin quang nn chi ph r. D dng lp t. Kh nng hot ng ca tuyn FSO gn cht vi iu kin thi tit c c tnh khng n nh l nhng thch thc ln.
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Hnh 1: LAN to LAN bng FSO

Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

1.1.1. Nhng ng dng ca FSO K thut FSO b sung cho cc cng ngh hin ti mang lu lng rt ln t mng xng sng (Dung lng 120Gbps v 240Gbps) ti cc ngi dung c nhu cu. Trong cc ng dng ni bt, FSO ph hp vi mt s sau: Kt ni truy cp ti ngi dung Mng MAN thnh ph, LAN to LAN trong cc t chc doanh nghip ln Bbackbone GSM v 3G 2. Thng tin quang qua knh truyn tn x v hp th theo thuyt truyn bc x Nhiu nghin cu s dng l thuyt truyn bc x in t m hnh ho knh truyn khng gian ca tuyn FSO. Nhng phng php ny kh phc tp ch tht ph hp vi hin tng a tn x Mie khng kt hp trong thi tit sng. Kh hu Vit Nam rt t xy ra sng m nng, iu kin thi tit bt li cho FSO ln nht l ma. Trong phm vi nghin cu chng ti tp trung vo cc m hnh thc nghim, lu thut ton tnh ton v ti u cc thng s ca tuyn FSO trong iu kin Vit Nam. 2.1. Tnh ton, ti u tuyn thng tin quang khng dy trong iu kin kh hu Vit Nam 2.1.1. Kh hu Vit Nam Kh hu Vit Nam thuc khu vc nhit i, lnh th tri di theo v . Min Bc c c bn ma, min Trung v Nam ch yu hai ma ma nng phn b theo cc thng trong nm. Nhn chung thi tit Vit Nam kh nng vo ma h v ma to, gi bo vo ma ma. 2.1.2. Tnh ton suy hao tuyn quang thc t c th c ti Vit Nam Vic truyn ca nh sng trong mi trng khng kh c m t bng nh lut Beer Lamber:
( , L) P ( , L) P( ,0) exp[ ( ) L)]

(1)

p( ,0)

trong : ( ) l hm truyn theo , p( , L) l cng sut khong cch L t b pht, l cng sut pht, ( ) h s suy hao tng cng trn 1 n v chiu di.

H s suy hao tng cng bao gm cc thnh phn suy hao tn x v hp th. Nhn chung trong iu kin Vit Nam l tng ca cc thnh phn sau: () = ma() + () (2) Suy hao do ma gy ra:
ma()

= 1,076*R0,67 (dB/km) ( ) = 3,912

V
q nm

(3)

tnh suy hao do tn x ni chung (khng phi sng m) ta dng cng thc t cng trnh nghin cu P.W Kruse v I.I KIM: (4)
550

Cc cuc nghin cu v thc nghim cho thy gi tr h s q c cho theo phn b kch thc ht v cho theo cng thc:

(5)

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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

2.1.3. Tnh ton d tr cng sut v BER tuyn FSO: Tnh ton suy hao do ma theo cng thc (3) tn x theo cng thc (4) Loss =
ma(

) *range +10*log10(

( ) *range)

(6)

Vi Nb l nhy my thu (Photons/Bit), rate l tc bit truyn, h = hng s Planck, c l tc nh sng. Th nhy cng sut my thu l: Psen = Nb.r.(hc/) (7) Ta ch ch trng vo nh hng ng truyn ln cht lng thu nn cng sut u vo my thu xc nh bng cng thc: Preceive = P_transmit Loss (8) T cng sut thu P_receive, bng thng (bng tc nu dng k thut iu ch OOK), v bc sng c dng ta tm c SNR (t s tn hiu trn nhiu) Pr =

SNR.B.hc

=> SNR =

Pr . . ; B.hc

(9)

( l hiu sut lng t b thu quang(vi b tch sng bng vt liu CCD th >90%) T l li bit: BER =
1 erfc(1/2 SNR / 2 2

(10)

2.1.4. Chng trnh m phng bng Opticsystem7.0

Hnh 2: s m phng tuyn FSO ghp 8 bc sng bng WDM, trch ly 2 tn hiu ra

Hnh 3. gin mt v BER chanel 1

Hnh 4. gin mt v BER chanel 8

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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

Ta thy rng kt qu trn 2 knh khng khc nhau nhiu, BER u t yu cu. V so snh kt qu cc knh ta thy cht tn hiu thu khng ph thuc vo knh. 2.1.5. Lu thut ton v kt qu tnh ton bng Matlab v m phng
Start Nhp d liu u vo (khong cch link, lng ma, nhy photon/bit) Tnh tm nhn (visibility) v h s q

Da trn nhng thng tin c c. ta xy dng thut ton tm phng n ti u cho 1 tuyn quang trong iu kin Vit Nam. Thng s u vo l: khong cch tuyn FSO, lng ma, nhy(photon/bit). Cc yu t c kim tra cho ng truyn cht lng tt nht l: cng sut pht (10dBm - 20dBm) tc truyn 2,048Mbps, 100Mbps, 155Mbps, 625Mbps, 1Gbps, 1,25Gbps. Bc sng 830nm - 1550nm

2 vng lp qut cc tc v bc sng kh dng Tnh nhy my thu v suy hao tng

Vng lp qut cc gi tr cng sut kh dng Yes P-re > P-sen + Margin Tnh BER

Yes BER < BERmax (rate,buoc song) Ghi li thng s

No

Qut ht gia tr Power Yes

No

Qut ht gia tr Rate, Yes End

Kt qu thu c: bng cch thay i cc thng s vo ta bit c vi iu kin c th th tuyn FSO kh dng tc bao nhiu. T chn cng sut v bc sng trong phm vi c xc nh hiu qu kinh t nht tt c gi tr BER tt nht cc tc khc nhau u ng vi trng hp cng sut ln nht v bc sng 1550nm. iu ny ph hp vi l thuyt v suy hao trong vng hng ngoi do ma tm nhn trn 1Km.
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Tuyn tp Bo co Hi ngh Sinh vin Nghin cu Khoa hc ln th 7 i hc Nng nm 2010

Hnh 4: BER thay i theo cng sut pht ti bc sng 1550nm v tc 1,25Gbps

Hnh 5: Cng sut thu thay i theo BER ti bc sng 1550nm v tc 1,25Gbp

Kt lun T kt qu tnh ton v m phng, ta thy tuyn FSO 1km, trong iu kin ma 100mm/h tn hiu thu c t yu cu vi BER 10-5 10-6 (hnh 4, 5), v kt qu ny cng ng vi tnh ton bng FSO. Trong iu kin ma trn 100mm/h ch xy ra di 1%(4 ngy/nm) ti nng v thp hn cc tnh pha nam th FSO l hon ton c th c p dng trong nhng trng hp c th vi xc sut vn hnh tt l 99%. T phn m phng ta c th thy kh nng m rng bng thng ca tuyn FSO cho nhng yu cu tc cao. V sau khi pht trin hon thin chng trnh tnh ton bng Matlab, ta c th a ra nhng khuyn ngh cc la chn ti u cho 1 tuyn FSO ti 1 iu kin Vit Nam. Kt qu tnh ton tm ra cc thng s tt nht tng ng vi bc sng 1550 nm mang ngha thc tin cao v chng ta c th mua cc thit b pht (Laser diode) hot ng vng bc sng 1550 nm sn c trn th trng v c s dng rt ph bin trong h thng thng tin si quang, ngha l gim c gi thnh v nng cao tin cy ca h thng FSO.Trong iu kin v mt thi gian v kinh ph t, khng cho php kim tra v nh thc t tuyn FSO trong mi trng thc Vit Nam. Ngoi ra chng ti cng cha tin hnh kho st thc t nhu cu thc s ca cc doanh nghip, nh cung cp dch v cho vic tin hnh p dng cng ngh FSO. Vy nu c tip tc ti ny chng ti s tin hnh 2 bc trn a cng ngh vo mng thc t ti Vit Nam. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] Ghassemlooy, Z. and Popoola, W.O, Terrestrial Free-Space Optical Communications, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. [2] Joseph A. Turner*, Richard L. Weaver, Radiative transfer of ultrasound, *University of Nebraska Lincoln. USA [3] Al Naboulsi; M., Sizun H.; de Fornel F. Propagation of optical and infrared waves in the atmosphere, Universit de Bourgogne, Avenue Alain Savary, Cdex, France [4] Dr. Arun K. Majumdar, Free-Space Laser Communications: Fundamentals, System Design, Analysis and Applications, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.

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