N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

LI CM N
Em xin chn thnh cm n ton th qu thy c khoa in in t Trng i hc S Phm K Thut TPHM truyn th nhng kin thc c bn, gip em hon thnh ti ny. Xin chn thnh cm n thy Trng Ngc Anh,thy ht lng gip ,hng dn tn tnh cho em nhng kin thc qu bu em hon thnh ti ny. Cui cng em xin cm n ton th cc thnh vin lp 099011A tn tnh chia s gip ti trong sut thi gian thc hin ti. Sinh vin thc hin Bi Thanh Thun

1 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Chng 1: Dn nhp 1.1 L do chn ti: Ngy nay k thut vi iu khin tr nn quen thuc trong cc ngnh k thut v trong dn dng.Cc b vi iu khin c kh nng x l nhiu hot ng phc tp m ch cn mt chip vi mch nh ,n thay th cc t iu khin ln v phc tp bng nhng mch in gn nh ,d dng thao tc v s dng. Vi iu khin khng nhng gp phn vo k thut iu khin m cn gp phn to ln vo vic pht trin thng tin. Chnh v nhng l do trn ,vic kho st,tm hiu vi iu khin l iu m cc sinh vin ngnh in v c bit l sinh vin chuyn ngnh in-in t ht sc quan tm. chnh l mt nhu cu cn thit v cp bch i vi bn thn em ni ring v mi bn sinh vin ni chung, ti ny c thc hin nhm p ng yu cu . Cc b iu khin s dng vi iu khin tuy n gin nhng vn hnh v s dng c li l mt iu rt phc tp. Phn cng vic x l chnh vn ph thuc vo con ngi , chnh l chng trnh. Nu khng c s can thip tham gia ca con ngi th h thng vi iu khin cng ch l nhng ci xc khng hn. Vy lm th no thi hn vo nhng ci xc ?cch thc thit k xy dng phn cng nh th no? th thut lp trnh iu khin phn cng ra sao? Em quyt nh chn ti thit k cm hn gi dng vi x l 8951 tm ra cu tr li cho nhng cu hi trn. 1.2 gii hn ti ti s dng cc IC s v cc h vi x l 89 v PIC. Giao tip quang dng opto triac MOC 3020 ti AC Hin th trn 4 led 7 on, 2 led tng ng vi mi cm 4 nt nhn Ti a 99 pht m xung. Dng real time

2 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Chng 2: C s l lun 2.1. Gii thiu linh kin s dng trong mch. - Vi x l 8951 - Ic 7805 - Ic 74247 - Ic Moc 3020 - Ds1 307 - Led 7 on (anode chung - Transistor a1015 - Led n - Diode - Thch anh - To xung dao ng cho vi x l hot ng 1.Vi x l 8951 Chc nng chnh : l thnh phn iu khin trung tm ca mch. Cc c im ca 8951 c tm tt nh sau : 8 KB EPROM bn trong. 128 Byte RAM ni. 4 Port xut /nhp I/O 8 bit. Giao tip ni tip. 64 KB vng nh m ngoi 64 KB vng nh d liu ngoi. X l Boolean (hot ng trn bit n). 210 v tr nh c th nh v bit. 4 s cho hot ng nhn hoc chia.

3 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

S khi

4 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1 S chn

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Chc nng cc chn ca 8951: 8951 c tt c 40 chn c chc nng nh cc ng xut nhp. Trong c 24 chn c tc dng kp (c ngha 1 chn c 2 chc nng), mi ng c th hot ng nh ng xut nhp hoc nh ng iu khin hoc l thnh phn ca cc bus d liu v bus a ch. a.Cc Port: Port 0 : Port 0 l port c 2 chc nng cc chn 32 39 ca 8951. Trong cc thit k c nh khng dng b nh m rng n c chc nng nh cc ng IO. i vi cc thit k c ln c b nh m rng, n c kt hp gia bus a ch v bus d liu. Port 1 Port 1 l port IO trn cc chn 1-8. Cc chn c k hiu P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, c th dng cho giao tip vi cc thit b ngoi nu cn. Port 1 khng c chc nng khc, v vy chng ch c dng cho giao tip vi cc thit b bn ngoi. Port 2 : 5 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Port 2 l 1 port c tc dng kp trn cc chn 21 - 28 c dng nh cc ng xut nhp hoc l byte cao ca bus a ch i vi cc thit b dng b nh m rng. Port 3: - Port 3 l port c tc dng kp trn cc chn 10 - 17. Cc chn ca port Tn Chc nng chuyn i ny c nhiu chc nng, cc cng dng chuyn i c lin h vi cc c tnh c bit ca 8951 nh bng sau: Bit P3.0 RXT Ng vo d liu ni tip. P3.1 TXD Ng xut d liu ni tip. P3.2 INT0\ Ng vo ngt cng th 0. P3.3 INT1\ Ng vo ngt cng th 1. P3.4 T0 Ng vo ca TIMER/COUNTER th 0. P3.5 T1 Ng vo ca TIMER/COUNTER th 1. P3.6 WR\ Tn hiu ghi d liu ln b nh ngoi. P3.7 RD\ Tn hiu c b nh d liu ngoi.
Ng tn hiu PSEN (Program store enable): PSEN l tn hiu ng ra chn 29 c tc dng cho php c b nh chng trnh m rng thng c ni n chn 0E\ (output enable) ca Eprom cho php c cc byte m lnh. PSEN mc thp trong thi gian Microcontroller 8951 ly lnh. Cc m lnh ca chng trnh c c t Eprom qua bus d liu v c cht vo thanh ghi lnh bn trong 8951 gii m lnh. Khi 8951 thi hnh chng trnh trong ROM ni PSEN s mc logic 1. Ng tn hiu iu khin ALE (Address Latch Enable ) : Khi 8951 truy xut b nh bn ngoi, port 0 c chc nng l bus a ch v bus d liu do phi tch cc ng d liu v a ch. Tn hiu ra ALE chn th 30 dng lm tn hiu iu khin gii a hp cc ng a ch v d liu khi kt ni chng vi IC cht. Tn hiu ra chn ALE l mt xung trong khong thi gian port 0 ng vai tr l a ch thp nn cht a ch hon ton t ng. Cc xung tn hiu ALE c tc bng 1/6 ln tn s dao ng trn chip v c th c dng lm tn hiu clock cho cc phn khc ca h thng. Chn ALE c dng lm ng vo xung lp trnh cho Eprom trong 8951. Ng tn hiu EA\(External Access): Tn hiu vo EA\ chn 31 thng c mc ln mc 1 hoc mc 0. Nu mc 1, 8951 thi hnh chng trnh t ROM ni trong khong a ch thp 8 Kbyte. Nu mc 0, 8951 s thi hnh chng trnh t b nh m rng. Chn EA\ c ly lm chn cp ngun 21V khi lp trnh cho Eprom trong 8951. Ng tn hiu RST (Reset)

6 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Ng vo RST chn 9 l ng vo Reset ca 8951. Khi ng vo tn hiu ny a ln cao t nht l 2 chu k my, cc thanh ghi bn trong c np nhng gi tr thch hp khi ng h thng. Khi cp in mch t ng Reset. Cc ng vo b dao ng X1, X2:

B dao ng c tch hp bn trong 8951, khi s dng 8951 ngi thit k ch cn kt ni thm thch anh v cc t nh hnh v trong s . Tn s thch anh thng s dng cho 8951 l 12Mhz. Chn 40 (Vcc) c ni ln ngun 5V. Chc nng chi tit vi iu khin 8951 Port P3.0 ,p3.1, p3.2, p3.3 kt ni vi 4 nt nhn ln lc tng ng MODE,UP,DOWN v ENTER,nhm tip nhn thng tin t 4 nt nhn ny. Port p1.0, p1.1,p1.2,p1.3 kt ni vi 4 ng vo ic gii m 74247, gi m s cho ic gii m. Port p0.2,p0.3,p0.4,p0.5 kt ni vi 4 transistor iu khin qut led. Port p2.0,p2.1 iu khin kch dn optotriac MOC3020. Ic 7805 Chc nng tng qut l n p. S chn

7805 c 3 chn cho ta kt ni vi n : Chn 1 l chn ngun u vo, chn 2 l chn GND,chn 3 l chn ly in p ra. + Chn 1 - 2 (Chn in p u vo) : y l chn cp ngun u vo cho 7805 hot ng. Gii in p cho php u vo ln nht l 40V. Theo datasheet th gii in p u ra l 5V ta nn cho in p vo l 35V mch lc no cng hot ng n nh in p khng b ln xung do ngun u vo. 7 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

+ Chn 3 ( Chn in p u ra) : Chn ny cho chng ta ly in p u ra n nh 5V. m bo u ra n nh lun nm trong gii t (4.75V n 5.25V). * m bo thng s : Vi - V0 > 3V. Thng s ny phi lun m bo khi cp ngun cho 7805. Tc l in p cp vo cho 7805 phi nm trong 8V n 40V. Nu di 8V th mch n p khng cn tc dng. Thng thng ngi ta khng bao gi cp ngun 8V vo c m ngi ta phi cp ngun ln hn t nht l gp i ngun u ra trnh trng hp st p u vo sinh ra ngun u ra khng n nh trong thi gian ngn. * m bo tn nhit tt cho 7805 khi chy vi ti. Khi cng sut tng ln th do 7805 l linh kin bn dn cng sut nn rt nng khi ti ln. trnh hng linh kin v cho linh kin hot ng trong nhit bnh thng th cn phi tn nhit tt. Led 7 on (anode chung) Chc nng hin th. Cu to:

8 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

LED 7 thanh c dng nhiu trong cc mch hin th thng bo, hin th s, k t n gin... LED 7 c cu to t cc LED n sp xp theo cc thanh nt c th iu din cc ch s hoc cc k t n gin nh t s 0 n 9 v A n F. LED 7 thanh dng hin s th rt p v d nhn. Ty vo kch thc ca s v k t m mi thanh c cu to bi mt hay nhiu LED n. Cc LED n c ghp v c t tn bng cc ch ci a...g v c mt du chm dot ( du chm ny c th sng v tt ty theo yu cu) c cu to bi 1 LED n. Cu to ca LED ch gm cc LED n c xp li vi nhau thnh hnh nh trn hnh v. Cc LED n ny ch chung nhau Anot hoc Katot v ring nhau cc chn cn li Anot hoc Katot. ghp ni vi LED7 c th c nhiu cch, nhng phi m bo sao c th iu khin tt m ring tng LED n trong to ra cc s v cc k t mong mun. Ic 74247 Chc nng gii m BCD ra m Led 7 on S chn:

IC 74247 l IC gii m cho led 7 on Anode chung . Chn TEST(3) l chn dng th cc ng ra xem IC c cn dng c hay khng Cc chn P0-P3 l cc m ha t m BCD sang m led 7 on. Chn RBI v RBO l 2 chn dng xa s 0 v ngha.

9 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Bng trng thi

IC Moc 3020 Chc nng cch l ti AC v khi x l,ng ngt ti AC theo tn hiu iu khin ca vi x l. S chn Ds1307 L chip real-time clock (RTC ng h thi gian thc) m giy, pht, gi, ngy, thng, nm (m c n nm 2100). - 56 byte RAM. - Khi mt ngun (5V), DS1307 t ng chuyn sang dng ngun back-up (Pin Lithium 3V gn ngoi). - Giao tip I2C. - C th xut ra xung vung vi cc tn s 1Hz, 4kHz, 8 kHz, 32 kHz. - Hot ng vi khong nhit : -40 C - 85 C.

10 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1 S chn

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Vcc, GND: ngun DC cung cp cho thit b hot ng. Vcc +5V. Khi ngun cung cp l 5V, thit b hot ng tch cc, c th ghi v c d liu. Khi ngun chuyn sang ngun pin 3V v Vcc thp hn 1.25 x VBAT ,vic ghi/c d liu b cm. Tuy nhin, clock vn chy m khng chu s tc ng ca vic suy gim ngun cung cp. - VBAT : c ngh s dng pin lithium 3V. Theo nh sn xut, 1 pin lithium 3V 48mAhr hoc hn s gi c DS1307 hot ng hn 10 nm trong iu kin 25C. - SCL (Serial Clock Input) : ng. vo xung clock ng b d liu truyn nhn. - SDA ( Serial Data Input/Output): ng truyn nhn d liu. - SQW/OUT (Square Wave/ Output Driver) : khi c kch hot, chn SQW/OUT xut ra xung vung vi cc tn s 1Hz, 4kHz, 8kHz v 32kHz. - X1, X2 (Crystal): c kt ni vi thch anh 32.768kHz.

11 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Transistor a1015 Transistor A1015 l transistor thuc loi transistor PNP c chc nng iu khin kch dn qut led.

Th t cc chn t tri qua phi: E C B A1015 c Uc cc i = -50V dng Ic cc i = -150mA H s khuch i hFE ca transistor A1015 trong khong 70 n 400. Led n Chc nng hin th.

Chn di hn la Anode chn ngn hn la cathode Dng lm vic 10 mA n 20 mA

Cu diode Chnh lu ton phn dng in xoay chiu thnh dng mt chiu cung cp cho ton mch.

12 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Chng 3: Thit k v m phng (hay thi cng)

3.1. Thit k phn cng 3.1.1. S khi h thng. (Chc nng tng khi) S KHI

KHI NGUN

KHI THI GIAN THC

KHI VI X L

KHI HIN TH

KHI NT NHN

KHI GII M 7 ON KHI CM

GII THIU NHIM V CHC NNG TNG KHI Nhim v v chc nng khi vi x l: x l iu khin trung tm. Nhim v v chc nng khi thi gian thc :ci t thi gian thc. Nhim v v chc nng khi gii m : khi nhn m t khi vi x l, khi gii m s lm nhim v gii m BCD cung cp cho led hin th. Nhim v v chc nng khi hin th : hin th t 0 n 99 tng ng vi thi gian hn. Nhim v v chc nng khi ngun : chuyn i t ngun xoay chiu 220v thnh ngun 1 chiu cung cp cho mch hot ng. Nhim v v chc nng khi nt nhn : ci t thi gian. Nhim v v chc nng khi cm : cp ngun cho ti AC. 13 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

3.1.2. Thit k chi tit tng khi. KHI VI X L 1 Yu cu ca khi:C th lp trnh c,gi m cho khi gii m,iu khin qut led,iu khin kch dn optotriac MOC 3020 theo thi gian thc,giao tip nt nhn. 2 Tnh ton thit k. C rt nhiu h vi x l c th p ng c nhng yu cu trn nh h vi x l 89,PIC Do c hc v thc tp vi x l 89 nn em chn vi x l 8951. Cho khi x l chnh. vi x l 8951 hot ng phi c cc yu cu sau: Chn 40 (Vcc) c ni ln ngun 5V. Chn reset kt ni mch auto reset tch cc mc cao. Chn EA ni vi ngun 5v 8951 thc hin chng trnh t b nh rom ni. chy cc cu lnh trong ic vi iu khin, ta cn to ra xung nhp. Tn s xung nhp ph thuc vo thch anh gn trn chn 18, 19. Vi thch anh 12MHz, ta s c xung nhp 1MHz, nh vy chu k lnh s l 1us. tng n nh tn s, ta cn dng thm 2 t nh C6, C7 (33pF x2), t b nhit n tn. .

14 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Mch nguyn l kt ni 8951 trong khi vi x l khi hin th 1. yu cu ca khi : Hin th c gi tr thi gian hn gi , y l thi gian cho 2 cm mi cm hin th gi tr ti a l 99 pht trn 2 led 7 on, nn 2 s cn 4 led 7 on. 2. Tnh ton thit k. iu khin led bng phng php trc tip th 4 led by on cn 32 chn ca vi x l,trong khi nu dng phng php qut led,kt hp vi mch gii m BCD sang led 7 on ta ch s dng 8 chn ca vi iu khin,trong 4 chn giao tip vi khi gii m,4 chn cn li iu khin qut 4 led 7 on.V vy tit kim s chn giao tip ca vi x l vi khi hin th ta dng phng php qut lt. V cc port ca vi x l ht dng ln nhng y dng th nh nn thng dng led 7 on Anode chung giao tip. S dng transis tor PNP iu khin qut led. 15 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

in tr hn dng mi led tnh theo cng thc :

= _

trong R : in tr hn dng ca led Vcc : in p cng cp cho led =5v Vled :in p nh mc ca mi led n=1,8v Vol : in p ng ra mc thp ca vi x l = 0,45v ILED :dng in tc thi ca led (mi led=5mA )
51,80,45 20

=137,5()

16 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

17 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

18 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

19 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

gii hn cho mch ch m ln 15 v ch m xung 0 ta lm nh sau: nh ta c datasheet ca 74193 th thy n m ln hoc m xung khi chn up hoc chn DN c s thay i t LOW to HIGH. Vy ta mun n nhn bit c n trng thi s 15 ( 1111 ) th n s khng m c na th ta lm sao cho chn up lc ny lun trng thi HIGH lm c iu ny ta thit k nh sau v trng thi 15 c m nh phn l 1111 nn ta ly 4 chn ng ra ca 74193 ni vo 4 chn ng vo ca 2 cng AND ri 2 ng ra ca 2 AND ny ta li lm 2 chn vo ca 1 cng AND khc khi 74193 m n trng thi 1111 cc cng AND ny s nhn bit v cho ra lun mc HIGH. T ng ra ny ta ni vo cng OR v trng thi HIGH nn bt chp ng vo cn li ( chnh l ng ra ca khi cp xung n n ) l HIGH hay LOW th ng ra ca cng OR cp vo chn UP s lun mc HIGH nh vy trng thi ny 74193 s khng m c na.
U2:A
A B 1 3 2 7408 9 8 10 7408

U2:C

U2:B
C D 4 6 5 7408

U8:C
7408

U10:B R17
33k

U12 U3
7 1 2 6 S1 S2 S3 S4 9 6 2 15 3 4 5 A B C D LT BI LE/STB 4511 QA QB QC QD QE QF QG 13 12 11 10 9 15 14

R18
33k

D1
DIODE

6
9

R21
100k 1
8

10

U10:A
3 2 7400

7400
3

10 8 3 1 11 7 4 16 13

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 C0 74LS83

R1 R24 R25 220 R26 220 R27 220 R31 220 R32 220
220 220

U6
Q DC 3 7

U9:A
7432

VCC

R29
C4 14
2

220 220

CV

R30 Q1
C1815

2 1nF

GND

C1
TR

TH

R28
3.3k

C2
0.01uF

C5
0.1uF 1 3 2 7432 15 1 10 9 5 4 11 14

U8:A

U4
D0 D1 D2 D3 UP DN PL MR 74193 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 TCU TCD 3 2 6 7 12 13 A B C D

Tng t khi 74193 m xung ti 0 (0000) ta mun n khng m c na ta thit k 4 ng vo ca 2 cng OR ni vi 4 ng ra ca 74193 khi 74193 m trng

555

20 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

thi 0000 th 2 ng ra ca 2 cng OR ny s cho ra mc thp ta cho 2 ng ra ny tip tc vo 1 cng OR na ng ra ca n lun mc thp , nhng ch ta cn chn DN khi trng thi ny lun mc cao n khng m c na nn ta cn ni vo cng o, nh vy ng ra ca cng o trng thi ny s mc cao , cng nh phn trn ta ni chn ny vo 1 chn vo ca cng OR chn cp xung t khi cp xung n n cho 74193 d trng thi no th chn DN lc ny cng s lun mc HIGH.
A B C 5 4 10 D 9

U9:B
7432

U9:C
7432

U8:C
7408 7 1 2 6 S1 S2 S3 S4 9 6 2 15 3 4 5

U12 U3
A B C D LT BI LE/STB 4511 QA QB QC QD QE QF QG 13 12 11 10 9 15 14

10 8 3 1 11 7 4 16 13

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 C0 74LS83

R1 R24 R25 220 R26 220 R27 220 R31 220 R32 220
220 220

9 3 13 12

U9:A
7432

10

U9:D
7432
1 2

R29
C4 14
2

220 220

R30 Q1
C1815

R28
11

3.3k
1

U4
15 1 10 9 D0 D1 D2 D3 UP DN PL MR 74193 6 7400 5 7432 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 TCU TCD 3 2 6 7 12 13 A B C D
1

U11:A
7414

U10:D
13 11 12 4

U8:B

5 4 11 14

R19
33k

R20
33k

D2
DIODE

R22
100k 10 8 9

U10:C

VCC

U7
Q DC 3 7

7400

CV

2 1nF

GND

C3
TR

TH

555

C4
0.01uF

C6
0.1uF

21 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

S CHO KHI M

C 5 4 10

U9:B
7432

U9:C
7432 A B 1 2

U2:A
3

7408 9

U2:C
8 10 7408

U2:B
C 4 6 D 5 7408

13

12

U9:D
7432

11

U10:B R17
33k

R18
33k

D1
DIODE

6 5

U11:A
7414

R21
100k 1

U10:A
3 2 7400

7400

VCC

U6
Q DC 3 7

CV

2 1nF

GND

C1
TR

TH

555

C2
0.01uF

C5
0.1uF 1 3 2 7432 15 1 10 9 5 4 11 14

U8:A

U4
D0 D1 D2 D3 UP DN PL MR 74193 6 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 TCU TCD 3 2 6 7 12 13 A B C D

U10:D
13 11 12 7400 4 5 7432

U8:B

R19
33k

R20
33k

D2
DIODE

R22
100k 10 8 9

U10:C

VCC

U7
Q DC 3 7

7400

CV

2 1nF

GND

C3
TR

TH

555

C4
0.01uF

C6
0.1uF

22 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1 2.3 KHI GII M a.Chc nng v nhim v:

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Chc nng: Gii m tn hiu BCD cho hin th ra led 7 on. Nhim v: Nhn tn hiu ra t khi m vi m BCD, sau gii m cho hin th ra led 7 on. b.Tnh ton v la chn phng n: tng ban u: Dng hai con IC gii m IC74LS247 gii m BCD hin th ra led 7 on,nhng v l do kinh t em s dng 1 IC CD4511 gii m led 7 on hin th cho hng n v, cn dng transistor C1815 kch cho led 7 on hin th hng chc. La chn phng n:V khi m ( IC 74LS193) cho ra s nh phn 4 bit. Vi c tnh ca IC CD4511 khng th chuyn trc tip ra LED 7 on hin th c. Nn cn dng 1 mch cng trung gian gip IC CD4511gii m BCD ra LED 7 on hin th. V em chn IC 74LS83 lm IC cng. ng thi em thy nu dng 2 IC CD4511 l khng cn thit , nn em ch s dng 1 con IC CD4511 lm nhim v gii m con led 7 on m hng n v cn hng chc ta ch cn hin th s 1 nn em dng C1815 nh 1 ci kha in t hay cn gi l ch ng ct bo ha mc theo CE c iu khin bi ng ra S4 ca IC 7483, khi nhn xung transistor ng th led s hin th s 1 cn khi ct led khng hin th ,nh vy em cn xa c s 0 v ngha na.ch CD4511gii m led 7on cathode chung cng transistor C1815 dng anode chung.

23 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

c tnh v chc nng tng chn ca IC CD4511: y l IC thuc h CMOS c chc nng gii m BCD sang Led 7 on c cathode chung

Chc nng ca C1815 Lm kha ng ct bo ha ta thit k sao cho khi ng v ngt u nm trong vng bo ha v s ny lun dng theo kiu mc E chung .khi ng th led hin th cn khi ngt th led tt. Phng trnh ca n l: Iti(Ic)=(Vcc-Vce)/Rti. -khi ngt bo ho, lc ny dng qua trans (dng ti Ic) xp x bng 0, p ri trn trans (VCE) xp x bng Vcc (hay p ri trn ti xp x bng 0). - khi ng (thng) bo ho, lc ny dng qua trans (dng ti Ic) xp x

24 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH bng 0 .

bng Vcc/Rti, p ri trn trans (VCE) xp x

- i vi tn hiu vo l logic 0,1 th vic hn ch Transistor ri vo vng khuch i l rt cn thit. V sao? v cng sut tn hao trn transistor (bin thnh nhit nng to ra=Ic*Uce) . S kt ni phn cng mch in:

U12 U3
10 8 3 1 11 7 4 16 13 A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 C0 74LS83 C4 14
2

7 1 2 6 S1 S2 S3 S4 9 6 2 15 3 4 5

A B C D LT BI LE/STB 4511

QA QB QC QD QE QF QG

13 12 11 10 9 15 14

R1 R24 R25 220 R26 220 R27 220 R31 220 R32 220
220 220

R29
220 220

R30 Q1
C1815

R28
3.3k

25 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

c tnh v chc nng tng chn ca IC 74LS83:

26 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Tin hnh cng tng i bit t hng c ngha thp nht n hng c ngha cao nht nh bnh thng. Nu tng l 9 = 1001 hay nh hn th kt qu ng l s BCD, cn nu tng ln hn 9 ( tc t s 1010 ln 1111) th phi cng thm 0110 (=6) vo tng c kt qu dng BCD.S dng cng AND v OR lc cc gi tr ln hn 9 Cc gi tr ln hn 9: ta thc hin cng nh sau: _1010 + 0110 = 00010000 hng n v hin th s 0 , cn s4 ca 7483 nhy ln mc 1 lm transistor c kch m ra lm led hin th s 1hin th s 10 27 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

_1011 +0110 =00010001 hin th s 11 _ 1100 + 0110 = 00010010hin th s 12 _ 1101 +0110 = 00010011 hin th s 13 _ 1110 + 0110 = 00010100hin th s 14 _ 1111 + 0110 =00010101hin th s 15 S KT NI S mch gii m :

U8:C
7408 7 1 2 6 S1 S2 S3 S4 9 6 2 15 3 4 5

U12 U3
A B C D LT BI LE/STB 4511 QA QB QC QD QE QF QG 13 12 11 10 9 15 14

10 8 3 1 11 7 4 16 13

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 C0 74LS83

R1 R24 R25 220 R26 220 R27 220 R31 220 R32 220
220 220

9 3

U9:A
7432

10

R29
C4 14
2

220 220

R30 Q1
C1815

R28
3.3k

U8:A
1 3 2 7432 15 1 10 9 5 4 11 14

U4
D0 D1 D2 D3 UP DN PL MR 74193 6 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 TCU TCD 3 2 6 7 12 13 A B C D

U8:B
4 5 7432

28 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

2.4 KHI HIN TH a. Chc nng v nhim v: Chc nng: hin th t 00 15 bng led 7 on. Nhim v: nhn s xung bng vi s nh phn 4 bit ca khi gii m cung cp, ri hin th ra led 7 on. b.Tnh ton v la chn phng n: tng ban u: dng hai con led 7 on cathode chung hoc hai con led 7 on anode chung. La chn phng n:em chn s dng 1led 7 on cathode chung dng cho ic gii m CD4511 m hng n v. 1 Led 7 on anode chung m hng chc ni vi cc C ca C1815, s d em dng C1815 l xa s 0 v ngha va r li cng n gin. Tnh ton thit k: Mi on led chu p 2V, dng ti a 10mA, 7 on led mc song song, nn hn dng cho led th ta mc thm 1 in tr = 220.Tnh ton cho C1815: xt vng BE ta c: -Vcc + IbRb + Vce = 0 Rb =
52 10

= 300. Chn R =

50.7 10

= 4,3 K

Ta chn Rb = 3,3 k n nm trng vng bo ha su. V Ic max = 150mA m Rb = 3,3 k Ib = 5-0,7/3,3 = 1,3 mA Suy ra Ic = =100. 1,3mA = 130 mA (tha) S kt ni phn cng:

29 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

U1
7 1 2 6 4 5 3 A B C D BI/RBO RBI LT 74LS247 QA QB QC QD QE QF QG 13 12 11 10 9 15 14 220 220 220 220 220 220 220

R20 R21 R22 R24 R25 R26 R27

A B C D E F G

U10
7SEG-COM-ANODE

220 220

R29 R30

R28
3.3K

Q1
C1815

A B C D E F G

U11

2.5 KHI NGUN a. b. TN IC Umax 5.5 V Imax 50 mA Pmax 750 mW 6 V 50 mA 500 mW 5.5 V 39 mA 750 mW 5.5 V 34 mA 750 mW 15 V 15 mA 500 mW 11.2 V 15 mA 500 mW 5.25 V 4.4 mA 500 mW 18 V 50 mA 750 mW Chc nng v nhim v:cung cp nng lng cho mch hot ng Tnh ton v la chn phng n : 74HC08 74LS32 74LS83 74LS193 CD4511 555 74HC00 CD4067

TNG: Umax = 71,95 v ; Imax = 257.4 mA ; Pmax =5W Chn IC n p 7805 a ra 5v DC cung cp cho mch. 30 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

7SEG-COM-ANODE

CA1

CA1

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Cn c vo i lng ra ca cc mch cung cp c th l xoay chiu hoc mt chiu, chia ra 4 loi mch cung cp: Chnh lu o Bin p Bin i p mt chiu Chnh lu to ra in p mt chiu s dng cho mch lun chy n nh th trn thc t cn phi c b chuyn i t ngun xoay chiu sang ngun mt chiu. B chuyn i c bn bao gm: - Bin p ngun: H th t 220V xung cc in p thp hn . - Mch chnh lu: Chuyn i ngun AC thnh DC. - Mch lc: Lc gn xoay chiu sau chnh lu cho ngun DC phng hn - Mch n p: Gi mt in p ra c nh cung cp cho ti tiu th.

S mc mch chuyn i ngun AC thnh DC Vi cc mch xung s s dng IC ta cn phi c ngun nui mt chiu 5V n nh cho cc IC hot ng. Trn thc t thng dng IC n p mt chiu 7805, l loi n p u ra 5V khng i.

31 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

Loi n p ny ch cho dng tiu th khong 1A tr xung. Khi lp rp trong mch th Vin> Vout t 3 n 5V khi IC mi pht huy tc dng. S v nguyn l hot ng mch n p mt chiu 5V.

U7 J1
2 1 DOMINO2 1

D1
2 DIODE 1

7805 VI
GND

VO

R19
330
A

C6
10UF

C7
CAP-10

C8
1nF
K

D2
LED-BIGY

2.6 KHI CHIA P a. chc nng v nhim v : nhn m nh phn 4 bit t khi m ri phn chia thnh 16 cp tng ng vi tng m nh phn 4 bit m khi m cung cp a ra loa hin th m thanh b. tnh ton v la chn phng n : mch ny em s dng IC CD4067B chia p v tnh cht n gin v kinh t . sau y l datasheet IC CD4067B

32 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

S dng IC CD4067B iu chnh in p ng ra cp cho loa ( trong loa c b khuch i cng sut ) CD4067B thuc h CMOS dn 16 knh iu khin bng ng vo nh phn 4 bit vi 4 ng vo l 4 chn A B C D v 1 ng ra ng m , ng vi mi m nh phn c cp vo IC CD4067B s la chn 1 cng tc m ra v tt c cc cng tc cn li vn trng thi ng v khi tn hiu m thanh c cp vo i qua cc in tr c mc ni tip, mi cng tc tng ng s 33 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

in tr c tn hiu i qua m khi a ra loa s th hin to nh khc nhau. Lu khi tn hiu i qua cng nhiu in tr th m thanh loa pht ra s cng b. S KT NI
U5(X) R1(1) OUT

U5
4067

R1
10k

15

13 14 11 10

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

X15 X14 X13 X12 X11 X10 X9 X8 X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0

EN

D C B A

R16(2) R14(2) R2(2) OUT IN R3(2) R4(2) R5(2) R6(2) R7(2) R8(2) R9(2) R10(2) R11(2) R12(2) R13(2) R15(2)

R2
100

R3
100

R4
100

R5
100

R6
100

R7
100

R8
100

R9
100

R10
100

R11
100

R12
100

R13
1k

R14
1k

R15
1k

R16
100

J1
3 2 1 TBLOCK-I3 OUT IN

34 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

2.7 S NGUYN L MCH IU CHNH M LNG 16 BC C HIN THI QUA LED 7 ON

C 5 4 10

U9:B
7432

U9:C
7432 A B 1 2

U2:A
3

7408 9

U2:C
8 10 7408

U2:B
C
13 12

4 6 5 7408

U9:D
7432

11

U8:C
7408

U10:B R17
33k
1

U12 U3
7 1 2 6 S1 S2 S3 S4 9 6 2 15 3 4 5 A B C D LT BI LE/STB 4511 QA QB QC QD QE QF QG 13 12 11 10 9 15 14

R18
33k

D1
DIODE

6
9

U11:A
7414
2

R21
100k 1
8

10

U10:A
3 2 7400

7400
3

10 8 3 1 11 7 4 16 13

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 C0 74LS83

R1 R24 R25 220 R26 220 R27 220 R31 220 R32 220
220 220

U6
Q DC 3 7

U9:A
7432

VCC

R29
C4 14
2

220 220

CV

R30 Q1
C1815

2 1nF

GND

C1
TR

TH

R28
3.3k

C2
0.01uF

C5
0.1uF 1 3 2 7432 15 1 10 9 5 4 11 14

U8:A

U4
D0 D1 D2 D3 UP DN PL MR 74193 6
1

Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 TCU TCD

3 2 6 7 12 13

A B C D

555

U10:D
13 11 12 7400 4 5 7432

U5(X) I=0.000452447

R23(1) V=4.52448

U8:B

U5
4067

R23
10k

R19
33k

R20
33k

D2
DIODE

R22
100k 10
EN

U10:C
9
D C B A

15

13 14 11 10

VCC

U7
Q DC 3 7

7400

CV

GND

C3
2 1nF TR

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

X15 X14 X13 X12 X11 X10 X9 X8 X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0

TH

6 R14(2) V=4.68283 R15(2) V=4.68283

R16(2) V=4.68283 R2(2) V=4.9543 R3(2) V=4.90906 R13(2) V=4.68283

555 R2(1) V=4.99955

R4(2) V=4.86381

R5(2) V=4.81857

R6(2) V=4.77332

R7(2) V=4.72808

R8(2) V=4.68284

R9(2) V=4.68283

R10(2) V=4.68283

R11(2) V=4.68283

R12(2) V=4.68283

C4
0.01uF

C6
0.1uF

R2
100

R3
100

R4
100

R5
100

R6
100

R7
100

R8
100

R9
100

R10
100

R11
100

R12
100

R13
1k

R14
1k

R15
1k

R16
100

R2(1)

35 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

2.8 GII THCH NGUYN L HOT NG

Mch ca ta l mch iu chnh m thanh dng nt nhn nn khi s dng nt nhn c kh s c hin tng di nn ta s dng mch n n dng IC555 lm mch chng di ng thi cp xung vung cho khi m ( IC 74193 ) , khi m c iu khin bi 2 nt nhn ln v xung th s m nh phn 4 bit cung cp cho 2 khi gii m v khi chia p. Vn y l lm sao cht cho mch m ln ti 15 th khng m ngc li v 0 v m xung 0 s khng m ln 15. gii quyt vn ny ta ch cn dng cc cng logic cht cho 2 trng thi 1111 v 0000 nh gii thch phn khi m bn trn. Ri t khi m cung cp m nh phn 4 bit cho 2 khi gii m cho hin th ra led 7 on, v khi chia p cho hin th ra loa. - khi gii m v ic gii m CD4511 ch gii m BCD nn ta phi dng 1 IC cng 7483 khi tng ln hn 9 th s cng thm 6 vo tng c kt qu dng BCD hin th ra led 7 on. - khi chia p ta dng IC CD4067 c chc nng dn 16 knh iu khin bng ng vo nh phn 4 bit vi 4 ng vo l 4 chn A B C D v 1 ng ra ng m , ng vi mi m nh phn c cp vo IC CD4067B s la chn 1 cng tc m ra v tt c cc cng tc cn li vn trng thi ng v khi tn hiu m thanh c cp vo i qua cc in tr c mc ni tip, mi cng tc tng ng s in tr c tn hiu i qua m khi a ra loa s th hin to nh khc nhau.

36 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

CHNG III:THI CNG

3.1 S MCH IN

37 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

3.2 S B TR LINH KIN

38 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

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GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

3.3 BO CO KT QU THI CNG ..

A.PHN KT LUN
Trong qu trnh thc t lm vic em nhn thy kin thc trn ging ng chnh l c s nn tng cn pht huy ti a trong qu trnh thit k cng nh khc phc s c.Tuy nhin, vn khng th ph nhn yu t t l thuyt i n thc t l mt chng ng di, qua cho thy kinh nghim l mt phn khng th thiu trong khi lm vic. Sau mt thi gian thi cng, mch em hot ng ng theo yu cu ra. Cui cng em rt ra c nhng kin sau: - IC s gip ta x l nhanh yu cu ra, nhng cn phi c mt kin thc rng v IC s th thit k mi ti u c. - Nhng mch c th tch hp vo vi x l th nn s dng vi iu khin v x l tn hiu bn IC s kh hn bn vi x l v yu t kinh t th bn vi x l cng vt tri hn. - C bt tay lm thc t ta mi thy c khim khuyt ca bn thn t hon thin tt hn. 39 SVTH :BI THANH THUN

 N MN HC 1

GVHD:TRNG NGC ANH

SCH THAM KHO 1. Mch s - PGS.TS. Nguyn Hu Phng NXB Thng k. 2. K Thut S - Nguyn nh Ph H S Phm K Thut Tp.HCM TRANG WEB THAM KHO 1. http://www.hoiquandientu.com 2. http://www.diendandientu.com 3. http://www.ant7.com 4. http://www.alldatasheet.co

40 SVTH :BI THANH THUN