Vat Li Dai Cuong

I HC CNG NGHIP TPHCM
BI GING VT L I CNG 1
Th.S Quc Huy
Chng 1
NG HC CHT IM
( download ti liu ny, hy ng nhp vo
din n ca trang web champhay.com)
TI LIU THAM KHO
Gio trnh VT L I CNG tp 1,
Quc Huy (ch bin), HCN TP HCM.
Gio trnh VT L I CNG tp 1,
Lng Duyn Bnh (ch bin), NXB GD.
C s vt l tp 1, 2 D.Hallday, R.Resnick,
J.Walker, NXBGD
Bi tp vt l i cng tp 1, Lng
Duyn Bnh (ch bin), NXB GD.
MC TIU
Nu c cc khi nim: vn tc, gia tc v
cc cng thc xc nh vect vn tc, gia
tc trong chuyn ng cong, thng, trn.
Nu c tnh cht ca chuyn ng da
trn quan h gia vect vn tc v gia tc.
Vit c phng trnh chuyn ng,
ng i, vn tc, gia tc ca cc chuyn
ng n gin.
Vn dng gii cc bi ton c bn v chuyn
ng.
Sau bi hc ny, sinh vin phi :
NI DUNG:
1.2 TC V VN TC
1.3 GIA TC
1.4 VN TC, GIA TC TRONG CHUYN
NG TRN
1.5 MT S CHUYN NG N GIN
1.1 CC KHI NIM C BN V
CHUYN NG
1.1 . CC K/N C BN V C
1) C hc, ng hc:
C hc: ngnh vt l nghin cu v
chuyn ng ca cc vt th.
ng hc: ngnh vt l nghin cu cc
tnh cht, qui lut chuyn ng m khng
tnh ti nguyn nhn ca chuyn ng .
2) Chuyn ng, cht im:
Chuyn ng c hc (chuyn ng): l s
thay i v tr ca cc vt th.
Cht im: l vt th c kch thc khng
ng k so vi nhng kch thc, khong
cch m ta xt.
Lu : khi nim chuyn ng, cht im c
tnh tng i.
Qu o: l tp hp cc
v tr ca cht im
trong qu trnh chuyn
ng.
Qung ng: l di
ca vt m cht im
vch ra trong thi gian
kho st chuyn ng.
di: l vect ni t
v tr u n v tr cui.
M
o

M
s
Qung ng
di
3) Qu o, qung ng v di:
r
A
Qi o

+ + = = k z j y i x OM r
y
M
O
z
x
y
z
x
i

j
k
4) H qui chiu:
L h thng gm mt vt mc, h ta gn vi
vt mc v ng h o thi gian, dng xc
nh v tr ca cc vt khc.
r (x, y, z)
=
Hay: M(x,y,z)
H ta Descartes
r
5) Ph/trnh chuyn ng, ph/trnh qu o:

x f (t)
y g(t)
z h(t)
=
=
=
0 ) z , y , x ( G
0 ) z , y , x ( F
PTC
PTQ
Kh t
Cho bit hnh dng qi
o
Cho bit v tr thi
im t
y
M
O
z
x
y
z
x
i

j
k
V d: Xc nh qi o bit PTC c dng:
x 5t 3
y 15t 4
=
= +
a)
3x 15t 9
y 15t 4
=
= +
y 3x 13 =
Vy, qu o l ng thng (d):
y 3x 13 = +
b)
2
x 5t 1
y 4 50t
=
= +
2
x 1
y 4 50
5
+
| |
= +
|
\ .
2
2x 4x 6 = + +
Vy, qu o l parabol (P):
2
y 2x 4x 6 = + +
More example
1.2 TC V VN TC
M
o

M
s
1 Tc trung bnh v vn tc trung bnh:
s tb
s
v v v
t
= = =
0
tb
0
r r r
v
t t t
A
= =
A
r
A
0
r
O
Tc trung bnh:
Vn tc trung bnh:
1 2 n
s
1 2 n
s s ... s s
v
t t t ... t
+ + +
= =
+ + +
1.2 TC V VN TC
V d:
s
1 2
s AB BA
v
t t t
+
= =
+
Mt can xui dng t bn A n bn B vi tc
v
1
= 30km/h; ri ngc dng t B v A vi
tc v
2
= 20km/h. Tnh tc trung bnh trn
l trnh i v ca can.
Gii:
1 2
AB AB
AB AB
v v
+
=
+
1 2
1 2
2v v
v v
=
+
2.30.20
24km/ h
30 20
= =
+
More example
2 Tc tc thi v vn tc tc thi:
M
v
s
t 0
s ds
v lim s'
t dt
= = =
t 0
r dr
v lim ( r ) '
t dt

A
A
= = =
A
Tc tt:
Vn tc tt:
M
o

M
s
r
A
0
r
O
1.2 TC V VN TC
2 Tc tc thi v vn tc tc thi:
c im ca vect vn tc tc thi:
M
v
M
o

M
s
r
A
0
r
O
1.2 TC V VN TC
Phng: tip tuyn vi qu o
Chiu: theo chiu chuyn ng
ln: o hm ca qung ng
im t: ti im kho st
s
v | v | v s '
= = =
3 ngha ca tc v vn tc:
Tc l i lng v hng, khng
m, c trng cho tnh nhanh, chm
ca chuyn ng.
Vn tc l i lng vect. Vn tc tc
thi c trng cho phng, chiu v
nhanh chm ca chuyn ng.
ln ca vn tc tc thi chnh l tc
tc thi.
1.2 TC V VN TC
X y z x y z
dr
v v . i v . j v . k (v , v , v )
dt

= = + + =
x
y
z
dx
v x '
dt
dy
v y'
dt
dz
v z'
dt
= =
= =
= =
4 Biu thc gii tch ca vect vn tc:

1.2 TC V VN TC
Trong :
Trong h ta Descartes:
2 2 2
x y z
v v v v = + +

+ + = = k z j y i x OM r
5. Tnh qung ng:
Tng qut:
2
1
t
t
s vdt =
}
Nu v = const th:
s = v.(t
2
t
1
) = v.t
V d: trong mp (Oxy), cht
im chuyn ng vi pt:
) SI (
t 2 sin 10 4 y
t 2 sin 10 5 x
t + =
t =
a) Xc nh v tr ca cht im lc t = 5s.
b) Xc nh qu o.
c) Xc nh vect vn tc lc t = 5s.
d) Tnh qung ng vt i t lc t = 0 n t = 5s.
Suy ra tc TB trn qung ng ny.
1.2 TC V VN TC
v | v |
=
vi:
1.2 TC V VN TC
Gii
a) Lc t = 5s, cht im ta :
x 5
(SI)
y 4
=
b) Qi o l ng thng: x + y = 9
c) Ta c:
x
y
v x' 20 cos(2 t)
(SI) v 20 2 | cos(2 t) |
v y' 20 cos(2 t)
= = t t
= t t
= = t t
Lc t = 5s, th:
v 20 2 88, 9(m/ s) = t ~
d) Qung ng:
0,25
0
20.20 2 cos(2 t)dt 283m = t t ~
}
5 5
0 0
s vdt 20 2 | cos(2 t) | dt = = t t
} }
ngha hnh hc ca cng thc tnh qung ng:
s = tr s
dtch hnh
phng gii
hn bi
th v(t) vi
trc Ot.
S
t
v
t
2
t
1

1.2 TC V VN TC
V d:
a) T t = 2s n t = 8s
b) T t = 0 n t = 10s
V(m/s)
t(s)
10
6
8
2
0
-20
20
s
1
= 100m; v
1
= 16,7m/s
s
2
= 140m; v
2
= 14m/s
1.2 TC V VN TC
Cho th vn tc nh hnh v. Tnh qung
ng v tc trung bnh trong t/g:
1
2
3
1.3 GIA TC
Gia tc trung bnh:
t
v
a
tb
A
A
=

o
o
t t
v v
=

Gia tc tc thi:
d v
a (v) '
dt

= =
ngha gia tc:
c trng cho s bin thin nhanh hay chm
ca vect vn tc.
1 nh ngha:
a
.hm .hm
Ng.hm Ng.hm
Trong h to Descartes, ta c:
) a , a , a ( k . a j . a i . a a
z y x z y x
= + + =

vi:
2
'
x
x x 2
2
y
'
y y 2
2
'
z
z z 2
dv
d x
a v x ''
dt dt
dv
d y
a v y''
dt dt
dv
d z
a v z''
dt dt
= = = =
= = = =
= = = =
2 Biu thc gii tch ca vect gia tc:

1.3 GIA TC
2 2 2
x y z
a a a a = + +
3 Gia tc tip tuyn & gia tc php tuyn:
C cong:
2 2 2
n t
t n
a a a a a a

= + = +
ngha:
M
t
a
n
a
- GTTT c trng cho s thay i v
ln ca vect vn tc.
- GTPT c trng cho s thay i v
phng ca vect vn tc.
- Vect gia tc (ton phn) lun
hng vo b lm ca qi o.
R l bn knh chnh khc ca qi o.
1.3 GIA TC
t
dv
a v'
dt
= =
R
v
a
2
n
=
V d 1: Cht im chuyn ng vi phng trnh:
) SI (
t 5 y
t 15 x
2
=
=
a) Xc nh vect vn tc, gia tc lc t = 2s.
b) Xc nh a
t
, a
n
, R lc t = 2s.
c) Tnh s,v
tb
, trong thi gian 2s k t lc t = 0.
Gii
x
y
v x ' 15
v (SI)
v y' 10t
= =
= =
x
y
a x '' 0
; a (SI)
a y'' 10
= =
= =
2 2
x y
v v v = + =
1.3 GIA TC
Ta c:
2
10 2, 25 t ; +
2
a 10m/ s const = =
a) Lc t = 2s th: v = 25m/s
2
a 10m/ s =
b) Gia tc tt, pt, bn knh qu o lc t = 2s:
2
t
10.
2, 25 t
=
+
2 2
n t
a a a = =
2
n
v
R
a
= =
Gia tc tip tuyn:
Gia tc php tuyn:
Bn knh chnh khc ca qu o:
1.3 GIA TC
t
a (v) ' = =
2
8m/ s
2
6m/ s
625
104m
6
~
c) Tnh s, v
tb
trong thi gian 2s k t t = 0:
2
0
s vdt = =
}
tb
s
v
t
= =
1.3 GIA TC
37, 4m ~
2
2
0
10 2, 25 t dt +
}
2 2 2
0
t 2, 25
s 10[ 2, 25 t ln | t 2, 25 t |]
2 2
= + + + +
37, 4
18, 7m/ s
2
=
V d 2: Cht im chuyn ng vi phng trnh:
2 3
4
x 3t t
(SI)
3
y 8t
Xc nh vn tc, gia tc a, a
t
, a
n
, R lc t = 2s.
Gii
2
x
y
v x ' 6t 4t
v (SI)
v y' 8
= =
= =
2 2
x y
a a a | 6 8t | = + =
2 2 2 2
x y
v v v (6t 4t ) 64 = + = +
1.3 GIA TC
Ta c:
x
y
a x '' 6 8t
a (SI)
a y'' 0
= =
= =
Lc t = 2s th:
2
a | 6 8.2| 10m/ s = =
( )
2 2
t
a (v)' (6t 4t ) 64 ' = = +
2 2
n t
a a a =
2
n
v
R
a
= =
Gia tc tip tuyn:
Gia tc php tuyn:
Bn knh chnh khc ca qu o:
1.3 GIA TC
2
v (12 16) 64 = + = 4 5 8, 94m/ s ~
2
2 2
(6t 4t )(6 8t)
(6t 4t ) 64

=
+
2
2 5 4, 47m/ s = ~
2
4 5 8, 94m/ s = ~
2
8, 94
8, 94m
8, 94
=
O
1.4 VN TC, GIA TC TRONG CT
1) Chuyn ng trn - cc bin s gc:

o

s
M
o

M
A
u
Cc bin s gc:
: to gc
u: gc quay
e: vn tc gc
|: gia tc gc

Chuyn ng trn: L
chuyn ng c qi o trn
Ta c:

s = u.R

u = -
0

So snh cc bin s gia c thng & trn:
Chuyn ng thng Chuyn ng trn
To gc: To : x
Gc quay: u
Qung ng: s
Vn tc gc: e Vn tc: v
Gia tc gc: |
Gia tc: a
2) Tc gc, vn tc gc:
T/ gc tr/bnh:
tb
t
u
e =
T/ gc tt:
d d
' '
dt dt
u
e= = = u =
R

v
e
Phng:
Chiu:
ln:
im t:
vung gc mt phng qi o.
theo qui tc inh c hoc nm tay phi.
o hm ca gc quay: ' e=u
tm ca qi o.
e
Vect vn tc gc tt:
Quan h gia vn tc gc v vn tc di:
R v R , v e =
(
e =

Quan h gia vn tc gc
v gia tc php tuyn:
R
R
v
a
2
2
n
e = =
Tnh gc quay:
2) Vn tc gc:
R

v
R

v
Gia tc gc TB:
t t
o
tb

e e
=
A
e A
= |
Gia tc gc tc thi:
d
( ) '
dt

e
| = = e
|
Phng?
Chiu?
ln?
im t?
R a R , a
t
t
| =
(
| =

Q/h gia gt gc v gt tip tuyn:
3) Gia tc gc:
|
Song song vi vect vn tc gc.
o hm ca tc gc | = e.
Ti tm ca qi o.
CD

| |+ e
ND ;

| || e
V d 1:
Cht im chuyn ng trn vi phng
trnh: = 6t 2t
3
(SI)
a) Xc nh vn tc gc, gia tc gc lc t = 0
v lc cht im dng.
b) Xc nh gc m cht im quay trong
thi gian trn.
c) Tnh tc gc trung bnh, gia tc gc
trung bnh trong thi gian trn.
Gii:
Ta c: = 6t 2t
3
2
' 6 6t e= =
'' 12t | = =
a) Lc t = 0 th:

2
o 0
6(rad / s); 0(rad / s ) e = | =
Lc dng th:

2
0 t 1s 12(rad / s ) e= = | =
b) Gc quay:
1
0
dt u = e =
}
c) Tc gc trung bnh:
tb
4(rad / s)
t
u
e = =
Gia tc gc trung bnh:
2
6(rad / s ) =
Gii:
4(rad)
1
2
0
(6 6t )dt =
}
0
tb
t
ee
| =
V d 2:
a) Tnh cht ca chuyn ng, gia tc tip
tuyn, php tuyn, gia tc ton phn lc t = 1s
v lc t = 2s.
b) Gc m cht im quay trong thi gian 2s
k t lc t = 0. Tnh vn tc gc TB trong
khong thi gian ny.
Cht im M chuyn ng trn ng trn bn knh R
= 5m vi phng trnh: s = 5 + 4t t
3
(h SI). Trong
s l di i s ca cung OM , O l im mc trn
ng trn. Xc nh:
Gii:
O
s
M
Ta gc:
3
s 5 4t t
R 5
+
= =
Vn tc gc:
2
4 3t
'
5
e= =
Gia tc gc:
6t
'
5
| = e =
Lc t = 1s th:
1
2
1
0, 2 rad / s
1, 2 rad / s
e =
| =
C chm dn theo
chiu dng.
Gia tc tip tuyn:
2 2 2
n1 1
a R 0, 2 .5 0, 2 m/ s = e = =
Gia tc php tuyn:
2
t1 1
a R 1, 2.5 6 m/ s = | = =
2 2
1 t1 n1
a a a = +
2
6m/ s ~
Gii:
2
t 2 2
2 2
n2 2
a R 12m/ s
a R 12,8m/ s
= | =
= e =
2 2 2
2 t 2 n2
a a a 17, 5m/ s = + ~
Gc quay k t t = 0 n t = 2s:
2 2
2
0 0
1
| | dt | 4 3t | dt
5
u = e =
} }
1, 23rad ~
Lc t = 2s th: 2
2
2
1, 6rad / s
2, 4rad / s
e =
| =
C nhanh dn
theo chiu m.
More example
1.5 CC CHUYN NG N GIN
1. Chuyn ng thng u.
2. Chuyn ng thng bin i u.
3. Ri t do.
4. Chuyn ng trn u.
5. Chuyn ng trn bin i u.
6. Chuyn ng nm xin, ng, ngang.
T TB TRN U TRN B
2
0
1
s v t at
2
= +
2
0
1
t t
2
u = e + |
2
0 0
1
x x v t at
2
= + +
2
0 0
1
t t
2
= +e + |
a = 0
a = const
| = 0 | = const
v = const v = v
0
+ at e = const e = e
0
+ |t
s = vt u = et
0
t = +e
0
x x vt = +
2 2
0 0
v v 2a(x x )
2as
=
=
2 2
0
2 e e = |u
Chu k:
2 2 R
T
v
t t
= =
e
Tn s:
1
f
T 2
e
= =
t
Ri t do:
v
0
= 0; a = g
1) Chuyn ng thng u:
Gia tc :
Vn tc :

= 0 a

= const v
Qung ng :
x = x
o
+ v(t t
o
) = x
o
+ vt
s = vt
Pt c/ng :
V d v chuyn ng thng u:
Lc 6h , mt t khi hnh t A, c u
v B vi vn tc 40km/h. Lc 7h, mt
mt c t B v A vi vn tc 50km/h.
Bit AB = 220km.
a) Vit phng trnh c ca 2 xe.
b) Xc nh v tr v thi im 2 xe gp
nhau.
c) Xc nh cc thi im 2 xe cch nhau
60km.
Gii
A
B
220km
6 h
7 h
v
1
= 40km/h v
2
= 50km/h
0
X (km)
a)Chn trc Ox nh hnh v, gc thi gian l lc 6 gi.
Phng trnh chuyn ng ca xe 1:
x
1
= x
01
+ v
1
(t t
01
) =
Phng trnh chuyn ng ca xe 2:
x
2
= x
02
+ v
2
(t t
02
) =
0 + 40(t 0) = 40t (t: h; x: km)
220 - 50(t 1)= 270 - 50t (t:h; x:km)
Gii
b) Khi gp nhau: x
1
= x
2

Ch gp nhau cch A mt khong x = 40.3 = 120km
Vy, hai xe cch nhau 60km vo cc thi im 8h
20 v 9h 40
Vy thi im hai xe gp nhau l lc 6 + 3 = 9 gi.
|x
1
x
2
| = 60
40t = 270 50t
t = 3h
c) Hai xe cch nhau 60km
|90t 270| = 60
t = 2 h 20 hoc t = 3 h 40
2) Chuyn ng thng bin i u:

Gia tc :
Vn tc:

= const a
at v v
o
+ =
PT chuyn ng :
Qung ng :
2
o o
at
2
1
t v x x + + =
2
o
at
2
1
t v s + =
Cng thc c lp thi gian
:
as 2 v v
2
o
2
=
V d v chuyn ng thng bin i u:
Mt t bt u chuyn ng nhanh dn
u t O, ln lt qua A v B. Bit AB =
20m, thi gian xe i t A n B l 2 giy,
vn tc khi qua B l 12m/s.
a) Tnh vn tc khi qua A v qung ng
OA.
b) Tnh thi gian i t O n A.
a) Ta c:
Gii
v
B
= 12m/s
O
B
20m
A
2s
B A A
v v at 12 v 2a (1) = + = +
2
A A
1
s AB v t at 20 2v 2a (2)
2
= = + = +
Gii (1) v (2), ta c: v
A
= 8m/s; a = 2m/s
2

M:
2 2
A 0
v v 2as =
2 2
A
v 8
s OA 16m
2a 4
= = = =
b) Thi gian i t O n A:
A
OA
v 8
t 4s
a 2
= = =
A O OA
v v at = +
3) Ri t do:
Gia tc:
Vn tc: v = gt; v
o
= 0
2
s / m 10 g ; const g a = = =

Thi gian ri:
Qung ng:
2
gt
2
1
s =
g
h 2
t =
gh 2 v =
Vn tc ngay khi chm t:
V d:
T cao 20m, ngi ta nm ng vt A
vi vn tc v
0
, ng thi th ri vt B. B
qua sc cn khng kh, hy xc nh:
a) v
0
A ri xung t chm hn B 1s.
b) Khong cch ln nht gia A v B
trong qu trnh chuyn ng (ng vi v
0
).
Gii:
0
v
A
B
y
O
h = 20m
Thi gian ri ca B:
B
2h
t 2s
g
= =
A B
t t 1 3s = + =
Ptc ca A:
2 2
A 0 0 0
1
y y v t gt 20 v t 5t
2
= + = +
Khi A chm t th t = 3s v y
A
= 0.
Suy ra:
2
0 0
0 20 v .3 5.3 v 8, 3m/ s = + =
K/c gia hai vt:
A B
d | y y | =
max 0 B
d v t 8, 3.2 16, 6m = = =
Thi gian c ca A:
= v
0
t
4) Chuyn ng trn u:
Gia tc gc: | = 0
Vn tc gc: e = const
To gc: =
o
+ et
Gc quay: u = et
Qung ng: s = uR = vt
Chu k quay: T = 2t/e = 2tR/v
Tn s (vng): f = 1/T
V d:
Cht im chuyn ng vi phng trnh:
x 10sin5 t
(cm;s)
y 10(1 cos5 t)
= t
= t
a) Chng t vt chuyn ng trn u. Tnh

chu k v bn knh qi o.
b) Tnh qung ng v gc m cht im
quay trong thi gian 5s.
Gii
a) Phng trnh qu o: x
2
+ (y 10)
2
= 100
Vy cht im chuyn ng trn ng trn
tm I(0;10)cm, bn knh R = 10cm.
Ta c:
b) Qung ng i trong 5s:

x
y
v x '
v y'
= =
= =
Chu k:
2 R
T 0, 4s
v
t
= =
s 785
78, 5rad
R 10
u = = =
C u
50 cos5 t
50 sin5 t
t t
t t
2 2
x y
v v v = + 50 157cm/ s const = t= =
s = vt = 785cm = 7,85m
Gc quay:
5) Chuyn ng trn bin i u:
Gia tc gc: | = const
Vn tc gc: e = e
o
+ |t
Cng thc c lp
t/gian:
To gc:
2
o o
t
2
1
t | + e + =
2
2 1
tb
e + e
= e
Vn tc gc trung bnh:
Gc quay:
2
o
t
2
1
t | + e = u
|u = e e 2
2
o
2
V d :
Bnh mi ca my mi ang quay vi vn tc
300 vng/pht th b ngt in. N quay chm
dn u, sau 1 pht, vn tc cn 180
vng/pht.
a) Tnh gia tc gc v s vng quay ca
bnh mi trong 1 pht .
b) Sau bao lu k t khi ngt in, bnh
mi s dng? Khi n quay c
bao nhiu vng? Tnh vn tc gc trung
bnh trong thi gian .
Gii
a) Gia tc gc:
0
t
ee
| = =
S vng quay:
2 2
0
1
2
e e
u = =
|
b) Khi dng:
0
t 0 e= e +| =
S vng quay:
2
2
N 375
2
u
= =
t
Gc quay:
1
1
N 240
2
u
= =
t
Vn tc gc trung bnh:
2
tb
750
5 (rad / s)
t 150
u t
e = = = t
Gc quay:
2
0
2
750 (rad)
2
e
u = = t
|
6 10
60
t t
=
2
(rad / s )
15
t
2 2
(6 ) (10 )
2 / 15
t t
=
t
480 (rad) t
0
t 150s
e
= =
|
2 2
0 2
2 e e = |u
6) Chuyn ng nm xin:
x
y
O x
max

y
max

ox
v
oy
v
o
o
v

Cc phng trnh ca chuyn ng nm
xin:
Gia tc:
Vn tc:
=
=
g a
0 a
a
y
x
PTC:
x ox o
y oy y o
v v v cos
v
v v a t v sin gt
= = o
= + = o
o =
o = =
2
o
o ox
gt
2
1
t . sin v y
t . cos v t v x
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
cao cc i:
g 2
sin v
h
2 2
o
max
o
=
PTQ:
Parabol x .
cos v 2
g
tg . x y
2
2 2
o

o
o =
Tm xa:
2
o
max
v sin 2
L x
g
o
= =
Cc phng trnh ca chuyn ng nm xin:
(5)
(6)
(7)
Nhn xt:
Tm xa ln nht khi gc nm o = 45
o
.
C 2 gc nm: o v (90
0
- o) cho cng
mt tm xa.
Khi o = 0, ta c c nm ngang.
Khi o = 90
o
, ta c c nm ng.
V d 1:
Tu cp bin ang neo ngoi khi cch b bin
2000m, ni c t pho i bo v. Sng i bc t
ngang mt bin, bn n vi vn tc u nng
200m/s. Hi tu cp c nm trong tm bn ca sng
khng? Nu c th phi t nghing nng sng mt
gc bao nhiu bn trng tu?
Gii
Tm bn ca
sng:
2 2
o
v 200
L 4000m 2000m
g 10
= = = >
Vy tu cp nm trong tm bn ca sng.
bn trng:
2
0 0 o
max
v sin2
x 2000m 15 ; 75
g
o
= = o =
BUMM
Hai vt c nm cng lc ti cng mt im trn
mt t vi cng vn tc v
o
= 25m/s. Vt A nm
ng ln cao; vt B, nm xin gc 60
o
so vi
phng ngang. B qua sc cn khng kh; ly g
= 10m/s
2
.
a) Tnh khong cch gia 2 vt sau khi nm 1,7s.
b) Tnh tm xa ca B.
c) Hai vt c ri xung t cng lc khng? Nu
khng, vt no chm t trc? Trc vt kia
bao lu?
S: a) 22m; b) 54m; c) B trc 0,7s
V d 2:
Mt my bay cu
nn bay cao
h=1200m vi tc
v
0
=430km/h n cu
mt ngi ang
ngp ngoi trn
bin. Hi nhn vin
cu h phi th
phao cu nn di
gc ngm bao nhiu
phao ri trng
(rt gn) ngi bi
nn?
V d 3:
0
0
0
v 2h / g
v t 2
tg v
h h gh
u = = =
0
tg 1, 54 57 u = u ~
C
Ngi ta dng mt ng thi G bn qu
cu. Bia l mt chic hp C c gi
bng mt nam chm M. ng thi c
hng thng vo hp. Th nghim c
b tr sao cho nam chm nh hp ng
vo lc qu cu ri khi ng thi. CMR
n lun trng vo hp, vi cc gi tr
vn tc u khc nhau ca n ln
hn mt gi tr gii hn no .
V d 4: (SV t lm)
Ni dung ca ng hc cht im:
REVIEW
CHUYEN
ONG
GIA TOC a, a
t
,
a
n
, |
NG I
DI
Thang eu
Thang bien oi
eu, ri t do
Tron eu
Tron bien oi
eu
Nem xien, ng, ngang
TC
VAN TOC
=
=
t 2 cos y
t cos x
) a
1 | x | vi s = 1 x 2 y : ) P (
2

| o = j . t i . t r ) b
2
t + + e =
+ e =
) k t sin( B y
) t sin( A x
) c
2
2
(P) : y .x
|
=
o
x
A
B
y : ) d ( =
+ e =
+ e =
) t cos( A y
) t sin( A x
) d
2 2 2
A y x : ) C ( = +
VD: Xc nh qi o, bit PTC:
2t
2t
x 5e
e)
y 4e
20
(H) : y
x
=
1.2 TC V VN TC
V d:
1 2 3
s
1 2 3
s s s s
v
t t t t
+ +
= =
+ +
Mt cht im chuyn ng trn on ng s.
Trn na on ng u, n chuyn ng vi
tc v
1
= 25km/h. Trong na thi gian trn
qung ng cn li, cht im chuyn ng
vi tc v
2
= 20km/h v trong thi gian cn
li, n c tc v
3
= 30km/h. Tnh tc trung
bnh trn ton b qung ng.
Hng dn:
1 2 3
1 2 3
2v (v v )
2v v v
+
=
+ +
V d 3:
Mt cht im chuyn ng trn quanh
im O vi gc quay l hm ca vn tc
gc:
o
e e
= u
o
Trong e
o
, o l hng s dng. Lc t =
0 th e = e
o
. Tm biu thc tng minh
ca gc quay, vn tc gc v gia tc gc
theo thi gian.
Ta c:
o
d
dt
u
e= e +ou =
o
d
dt
u
=
e + ou
t
0
(e 1)
o
e
u =
o
t
0
e
o
e= e
t
0
e
o
| = oe
Gii:
t
o
0 0
d
dt
u
u
=
e +ou
} }

Vat Li Dai Cuong

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Vat Li Dai Cuong

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

I HC CNG NGHIP TPHCM

5) Ph/trnh chuyn ng, ph/trnh qu o:

4 Biu thc gii tch ca vect vn tc:

2 Biu thc gii tch ca vect gia tc:

40t = 270 50t

2) Chuyn ng thng bin i u:

a) Chng t vt chuyn ng trn u. Tnh

1.5 CC CHUYN NG N GIN

You might also like