Professional Documents
Culture Documents
10/6/2013
Ni dung
2
Phn 01:
Phn 02:
Phn 03: Phn 04: Phn 05:
Cc nguyn l bo v c bn
Rle k thut s RET 521 Rle k thut s REG 216
Phn 06:
Phn 07:
Phn 01
Tng quan rle k thut s ca hng ABB
c im
4
Lm vic tin cy, giao din & truy cp thun tin Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tch hp: bo v, iu khin & o lng Chun truyn thng: IEC 61850; IEC 608705-103; DNP 3, MODBUS v PROFIBUS. Pht trin t nhng nm 1900 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1905: Rle thng mi u tin
Phn mm CAP h tr
Qun l{ Ci t Phn tch s c
REG 100
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
RELZ 100
Hp b bo v h 500 (500 series) Gii thiu t nm 1994 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ghp ni ca cc modun ring l
Modun u vo Modun chuyn i tn hiu A/D Modun vi x l{; modun ngun dc/dcNguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Modun truyn tin (v d cho cc bo v so lch)...
Modun ring l:
Tng tin cy ni chung Linh hot trong cu hnh Gim chi ph u t
Cc hp b tiu biu h 500 REL 501, 511, 521: hp b khong cch cho li trung p & Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN truyn ti (511, 521) REL 531: bo v khong cch tc ng nhanh Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN REL 551 & 561 (1994): so lch dc
Truyn tin k thut s
Giai on hin ti Pht trin sang th h 670 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN K tha thut ton t h 316 & 500 Tc x l{ ci thin ng k Tun theo chun kt ni IEC61850 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng b thi gian theo tn hiu GPS Giao din thn thin:
Hin th s mt si D dng truy cp
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Phn 02
Bin dng in v bin in p phc v mc ch bo v rle
1.1
10
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bin i t l dng in s cp th cp (5A hoc 1 A) Cch ly mch s cp v th cp Nguyn l{ hot ng To s phi hp dng in gia cc pha Is cp*ws cp = Ith cp*wth cp
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI cao p
CT: Current Transformer (ting Anh)
BI h p
S nguyn l{
1.1
11
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S thay th
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Zcun th cp
Vth cp
BI l tng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Sai s ca BI xut hin do tn ti ca dng t ha in p xut hin pha th cp Vth cp=Ith cp*(Zcun th cp+Zdy dn ph + Zthit b ni vo) Ti tng Vth cp tng tng dng t ho Ie tng sai s ca BI
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
12
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
c tnh t ha ca BI Quan h gia dng in t ha cn thit (Ie) sinh ra mt in Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN p h mch V in p im gp VK
(Knee-point) Vng bo ha
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
im gp VK:
L mt im trn ng cong t ha Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK T : tng in p ln thm 10% cn tngHN dng t ha 50%
1.1
13
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI
Bng kt qu
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
14
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Qui c cc tnh
Cn thit vi : bo v lm vic da theo Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN hng dng in. Cc tnh cng tn c nh du : hnh sao, chm trn, chm vung... Trn bn v: cc tnh cng tn v cnh Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN nhau.
1.1
15
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Qui c cc tnh
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
16
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
o o
1.1
17
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
18
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
19
Ti danh nh & Cp chnh xc Mt BI: c nhiu cun th cp - phc v cc mc ch khc Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN nhau. Ti danh nh v chnh xc ca cc cun th cp ny tuz thuc vo loi ti. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Cc dng c o (kW, KVar, A, kWh, kVArh):
Yu cu chnh xc trong ch ti bnh thng hoc nh mc. Phm vi hot ng chnh xc trong khong 5120% ca dng in chnh xc thng l: 0.2 hoc 0.5 vi chun IEC Hoc 0.15 hoc 0.3 hoc 0.6 vi chun IEEE.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
20
Bo ha nhanh bo v in p bo ha cao hn Nguyn Xun Tng cc dng c o khi s c, (VK) B mn H thng in HBK HN (kh b bo ha) dng intng cao chnh xc cao
0.2 hoc 0.5 vi chun IEC 0.15 hoc 0.3 hoc 0.6 vi chun IEEE
chnh xc
chnh cc thp hn
5P hoc 10P theo chun IEC
Thit b ni ti
Rle, b ghi s c
1.1
21
BI cho o lng
BI cho bo v rle
nh mc xc
5P20 30VA
Cp chnh xc 5P
H s gii hn dng: 20
Ti 20 ln dng nh mc, BI vn m bo sai s theo tiu chun
1.1
22
My bin dng in cp X
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
23
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Tm hiu thng s ca BI
Vi mc ch bo v rle 5P20 30VA
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
24
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Thc t, mi BI c th c:
1 hoc 2 cun th cp - Mc ch o lng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN 2 ti 4 cun th cp - ng dng bo v rle.
Cun s cp
Cc cun th cp
1.1
25
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Thit k BI ph bin Li t v cun dy nm trong thng cha thp gn vi t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN (Dead tank type), dy th cp chy un theo hnh ch U Li t v cun dy nm trong thng cha pha trn nh (Live tank type), dy th cp thng chy thng qua li t. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Loi hn hp
1.1
26
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
C th ch to vi li t loi to m khng gy qu ti v mt c kh i vi s cch in Dy s cp c chiu di ln nn gy pht nng nhiu hn hn ch v dng n nh nhit (ln nht 63kA/1 giy)
1.1
27
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Loi hn hp
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
28
Nguyn l:
Ia+Ib+Ic=3I0
V rt gn
Role
Do s dng 3 BI ring bit nn s c sai s gia cc BI ch bnh thng, pha s cp l i xng: lun c dng in chy qua rle do sai s ca BI
Ch s dng o dng chm t ln dng mng in c dng chm t ln: Nguyn tip B mn H thng in HBK HN mng in trung tnh niXun tTng trc
1.1
29
Bin dng c mt li t hnh xuyn Nguyn Xun phn Tng b B mn H thng in HBK HN Cun dy c u trn li Dy dn s cp chy xuyn qua li t (ng knh trong 1025 cm)
u sai
u ng
1.1
30
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Rle
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
V kim loi ca cp
BI0
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.1
31
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI th t khng Ngc li - u sai: dy ni t v cp khng chy xuyn qua li Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN t Dng in chy qua v cp c th trit tiu dng in s c (hon ton hoc mt phn): rle c th khng nhn c thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN tin s c.
Rle V kim loi ca cp
BI0
1.1
32
My bin dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Do ch s dng mt li t sai s o lng rt nh S dng cho cc mng in c dng chm t nh (mng in c trung tnh cch in hoc ni t qua cun dp h quang)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Do c 3 pha chy qua li t ng knh li t ln kch thc BI ln thch hp trang b vi ng cp hoc u cc my pht in
1.1
33
Ngun cp
Cun ht ca Aptomat Nt bm th nghim in tr mch th nghim Cun dy mch th nghim Cun ly tn hiu dng chm t (dng so lch)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S c chm v (chm t)
1.2
34
My bin in p
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nhim v
Bin i t l in p s cp sang in p th cp theo tiu chun Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN (100V hoc 110V) Cch ly mch s cp v cc thit b, ngi vn hnh bn th cp
Qui c cc tnh
Cc tnh cng tn c nh du : hnh sao, chm Nguyn Xun Tng Btrn, mn H chm thng in HBK HN vung... Trn bn v: cc tnh cng tn v cnh nhau.
1.2
35
My bin in p (BU)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
in p danh nh s cp v th cp
BU ngoi tri thng s dng in p pha:
ng dng o lng: phm vi in p lm vic: 80120% ng dng bo v rle: t 0.05 1.5 hoc 1.9 ln in p danh nh.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.2
36
My bin in p (BU)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BU kiu t phn p
K{ hiu trn s
T phn p
in khng b
1.2
37
My bin in p (BU)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
8.
u cc cao p
1.2
38
BU kiu t phn p in khng b: c tnh ton trit tiu thnh phn dung Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN khng ca t phn p
Tng tr ngun nhn t pha ti l xp x 0 cng sut u ra ly ra ln nht B dch pha do t phn p gy ra Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
1.2
39
My bin in p (BU)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cc loi BU H s gii hn in p Vf
Khi xy ra s c trong HT: Upha c th tng ln ti mt gi tr l Vf ln Udanh nh. Tiu chun IEC a ra cc gi tr h s Vf nh sau:
1.9 i vi cc h thng c trung tnh khng trc tipH thng in HBK HN Nguyn ni Xunt Tng B mn 1.5 i vi cc h thng c trung tnh ni t trc tip
1.2
40
My bin in p (BU)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
ng dng
o m chnh xc
o m tiu chun Chun ha dng c o trong cng nghip ng h o Bo v rle Bo v rle Vf: H s gii hn in p
10, 15, 25, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500 VA
My bin in p (BU)
41
B lc in p TTK (U0)
Dng 3 BU loi mt pha
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S cp
My bin in p (BU)
42
B lc in p TTK (U0)
Dng BU loi 3 pha 5 tr
S cp
Thc cp
3V0 o c in p th t khng: o Phi c ng dn cho t thng TTK o Cn thm 2 tr (khng qun dy) o Trung tnh cun s cp phi ni t (nu khng s ch o c thnh phn hi bc 3)
1.2
43
T s bin c th l:
1.2
44
T s bin c th l:
45
Phn 03
Cc nguyn l{ bo v trong HT
46
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng in
2.1
47
Bo v khi ng khi:
Nguyn Xun Tngvt B mn H thng in HBK Dng in ca mt pha, hai pha hoc c ba pha qu mt gi trHN c ci t trc trong rle.
C th lm vic vi thi gian tr m bo tnh chn lc Thi gian tr c th l c lp so vi dng in hoc ph thuc Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN vo dng in hai loi c tnh thi gian tc ng
2.1
48
Ikhi ng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Iqua rle
2.1
49
2.1.2 Tnh
50
m bo tnh chn lc gia cc bo v bng phn cp thi gian Tn gi: bo v qu dng lm vic c thi gian (I> hay 51) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn tc:
Khi c s c c th nhiu bo v cng khi ng Tuy nhin, bo v gn ch s c nht s phi tc ng trc
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
N2
I> 1
I> 2
S c ti N2: BV2 khi ng & BV1 c th cng khi ng cng m thi gian BV2 phi tc ng loi tr s c, BV1 khi s tr v t thi gian Nguyn Xunc Tng B vit mn H thng in HBK HN tBV2<tBV1 hoc th tBV1=t BV2 + t
2.1.2 Tnh
51
BV2 phi tc ng loi tr s c, BV1 khi s tr v t thi gian tBV2<tBV1 hoc c th vit tBV1=tBV2 + t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBKtnh HN ti cc yu t: Bc phn cp thi gian t=0.3 0.6 giy
Sai s thi gian ca rle: rle khng th vn hnh chnh xc ng theo c tnh l{ thuyt xy dng Thi gian ct my ct: do nh sn xut cung cp Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Thi gian qu tc ng ca rle (overshoot): l hin tng rle c ngt in nhng vn tip tc vn hnh thm mt khong thi gian rt ngn na.
L do: cc rle vn cn lu tr nng lng: vi rle c th a quay c qun tnh, rle tnh vn cn nng lng tch ly trong t in Sai s ca bin dng: cc BI c sai s rle vn hnh nhanh hn hoc chm hn (nu rle s dng c tnh c lp th khng cn xt ti yu t ny). Thm mt phn thi gian d tr
Nu nhiu phn on: lm tng loi trHN s c ca cc bo v Nguyn Xun Tng B thi mn Hgian thng in HBK gn ngun nhc im
2.1.3 La
52
I>
I> 2
I> 3
Standard Inverse (SI): dc tiu chun Very Inverse (VI):Nguyn rt dc Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Extremely Inverse (EI): cc kz dc
2.1.3 Tnh
53
S dng khi ln dng in s c dc ng dy cn bo v thay i mnh. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Thi gian tc ng t l nghch vi bnh phng ca dng in. ng dy mang cc ti c dng khi ng t bin thi im u v d nh t lnh, my bm, ng c ln... Phi hp vi cc cu ch hoc cc thit b t ng li.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
2.2
54
Nguyn tc: m bo tnh chn lc bng phn cp dng in S c ti phn on no: ch bo v ti c php khi ng
Cc bo v khng cn phi hp thi gian Thi gian tc ng t xp x 0 giy (thng t 50 80ms) tn gi: bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay I>>) Do cch chn lc bng dng in Nguyn dng in khi ng tnh theo: Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ik=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi vng max (H s Kat=1,1 1,2)
Khng bo v c ton b i tng khng s dng lm bo v chnh
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
2.2
55
Vng c bo v ct nhanh
Ik=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi vng max (H s Kat=1,1 1,2) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng ngn mch gim dn khi im ngn mch i xa ngun ln dng ngn mch ph thuc vo ch ca h thng V ng cong biu din dng ngn mch Inmax & Inmin dc ng dy
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
I>
IN
1 Ik BV1
I> 2
Ik BV2 Inmax
L(km)
2.4
56
Mang ti nng
ca bo v ln
Ik= Kat* Kmm *Ilv max Ktv
2.4
57
Tn gi khc 51V
Khng c kha in p (51)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ct MC
I>
Gi tr khi ng
Ilv max
I>
Ilv max
BU
U<
Kat* Kmm Ktv *Ilv bnh thng ng nh hn
Ik=
Ik=
o nhy cao hn
2.5
58
Ia
Ib
V l{ thuyt: dng qua rle bng 0 I a + I b + I c = 3I0 Thc t: do cc BI c sai s dng in qua rle khc 0 Role rle khng tc ng: t dng khi Nguyn ng ln hn dng in sinh ra do sai Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN s ny Gi tr ci t: Ikhi ng 51N=(0,10,3)Inh mc BI
Ic
Phn bit chc nng I> & I>> (51 & 50)
59
Bo v qu dng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Khi xy ra s c c th c bo
v ti ch v bo v pha trn cng khi ng hp phn cp thi gian (t)
Khi xy ra s c: ch bo v ti
phn on s c khi ng
(ct nhanh)
m bo tnh chnNguyn lc: phi Khng cn phi hp thi gian Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN C th dng lm bo v chnh Khng bo v c ton b i
tng ch l bo v d phng
A
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
B
C
I> I>>
I> I>>
A
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
B
C
I> I>>
I>
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
I>>
HT1
I> 1
2 I>
I> 3
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
tBV3<tBV2
HT1
I> 1
2 I>
I> 3
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
tBV3>tBV2
m bo chn lc: yu cu BV2 tc ng trc BV3 phi t tBV2<tBV3 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
I> = I> + W
HT1
I> 1
2 3 B mn H I> Xun I> 4thng I> 5HN I> in HBK Nguyn Tng
6 I>
HT2
HT1
I> 1
2 I>
I> 3
4 I>
I> 5
6 I>
HT2
HT1
I> 1
I> 3
tBV3=tBV5 + t 1
I> 5
tBV5 0,5
tBV1=tBV3 + t 1,5
2 I>
4 I>
6 I>
HT2
0,3
tBV2
0,8 tBV4=tBV2+ t
1,3 tBV6=tBV4 + t
HT1
I> 1 1,5
2 I> 0,3
I> 3 1
4 I> 0,8
I> 5 0,5
6 I> 1,3
HT2
N2
HT1
I> 1 1,5
2 I>
I> 5 1 Tng B mn H thng 0,3 Xun 1,3 0,8 in0,5 Nguyn HBK HN 4 I>
I> 3
6 I>
HT2
S u ni b nh hng
66
Gi thit cos=1 hay =00 th in p tham chiu v dng in to vi nhau gc 900 chnh l tn gi ca s
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S u ni b nh hng
67
68
Thit b
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Irle=
Bnh thng
Ch bnh thng:
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng in chy qua rle nh hnh v Dng chy qua rle: l dng chnh lch do sai s ca BI cc pha
Ch s c ngoi vng:
Dng in l dng s c c gi tr ln sai s BI ln hn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Phn b dng in tng t ch bnh thng Dng in chy qua rle s ln chnh nh rle khng tc ng dng khi ng ln, gim nhy
Thit b
S c ngoi
Ch s c trong vng:
Dng in chy qua rle bng tng dng hai pha c gi tr ln Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN rle s tc ng ngay
S c trong vng
Irle=
Thit b
Tng kt:
Thit b HN Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK
Irle=
Irle=
Irle=
Bnh thng
S c ngoi
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S c trong
Bo v so lch c hm
73
Bo v so lch c hm: hot ng da theo t hp ca hai loi dng in so lch (Isl) & hm (Ih): Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S c ngoi vng: dng hm c gi tr ln dng so lch nh S c trong vng: dng hm nh - Dng so lch ln.
Bo v so lch c hm
74
Bo v so lch c hm
75
Vit phng trnh cn bng sc t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng cho cc BITG
BITG2 I1*w1-I1*w1=Isl*w2 BITG1 I1*w3+I2*w4=Ih*w5
Ih=0,5*( I1 + I2)
Tng qut: I =K *(I +I2) Kh: h s hm, c th iu chnh thay i theo s vng cun w5
Bo v so lch c hm
76
I sl =( I1 I 2 ) Ih K h ( I1 I 2 )
I1
100% (I1+I2)
100% (I +I )
Isl
I1
I2
Ih=Kh* (I1+I2)
Ih=Kh* (I1+I2)
Isl
(I )> (I ) bo v khng tc ng
I2
(Ih)< (Isl) bo v tc ng
Ch s c trong vng
Bo v so lch c hm
77
La chn h s hm
Tng h s hm (Kh): rle Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN hm ttNguyn nhy tc ng ca rle km i. Hiu ng ngc li khi gim h s hm 100% (I1+I2)
Isl
I1
100% (I +I )
I2
Bo v so lch c hm
78
d
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
c a b
Vn ni t BI vi bo v so lch
79
Ni t BI
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v so lch MBA
Bo v so lch MF
Rle c
Rle s
Bo v so lch c hm
80
Ni t BI
Rle
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
81
Bo ha
Vng bo v
Vng bo v
S c trong vng bo v
S c ngoi vng bo v
L do s dng 87H
Vi cc rle so lch tng tr thp: trng hp rle b bo ha hon Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ton th d rle c c trang b hm nhng vn c kh nng tc ng nhm Nguyn l lm vic ca bo v so lch tng tr cao m bo lm vic tin cy trong trng hp xu nht: BI b bo ha hon ton. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Vi BV thanh gp th hin tng bo ha BI cng d xy ra do:
Ti ca cc BI khng ging nhau mt BI c dng s c tng chy qua v dng s c ny s phn chia qua cc BI cn li. BI trung tnh v BI pha mang dng khc nhau trong ch s c mc bo ha khc nhau. D gp hin tng bo ha my bin dng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S thay th khi BI b bo ha Dng khi tnh ton bo v so lch tng tr cao Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Khi BI b bo ha:
Dng u vo tng cao Dng u ra c dng xung nhn gi tr hiu dng rt nh Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nh vy: c th coi l c dng uNguyn vo Xun BI nhng khng c dng u ra dng u vo khp mch qua nhnh t ha tng ng vi vic tng tr nhnh t ha gim rt thp, coi nh xp x bng 0
Zs cp Zth cp
X=0
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI l tng
S thay th khi BI b bo ha
Bo ha
BI1
Zs cp
Zth cp
Zth cp
Zs cp
BI2
BI1
L tng
X>>0
X=0
BI2
L tng
Gi tr rt ln (coi l h mch)
Gi tr xp x 0 (ni tt)
BI1
L tng
BI2
L tng
BI b bo ha: khng c dng th cp BI cn li: dng cp ra khp mch qua rle v tng tr th cp BI b bo ha c dng qua rle rle s tc ng (tc ng sai) Gii php: hn ch dng qua rle bng cch ghp ni tip mt in tr c gi tr ln rle so lch tng tr cao
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Yu cu i vi BI
Cc BI c cng t s bin Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nn s dng bin dng cp X BI chn s c th s dng nu cc cun dy BI thuc loi qun phn in p im gp V b u (Knee-point) Cc BI nn c cng thit k Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN in tr cun th cp BI nn chn nh nht c th Khng nn ni cc thit b khc ti li dng cho 87H in p im gp Vk phi ln hn t nht 2 ln in p khi ng ca rle:
K
Nu in p Vk chn thp hn: khi c s c BI s sinh ra in p c th khng ln lm rle tc ng (chn ln hn 2 ln m bo nhy ti thiu l Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN 2)
Hot ng vi s c ngoi
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI l tng: khng bo ha
BI b bo ha
Bo v so lch c hm
89
Ni t BI
87H
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
91
S dng cc thnh phn i xng Hoc t hp cc thnh phn i xng theo t l nht nh
0 0
1 0
S c ngoi vng bo v
S c trong vng bo v
Cc yu t nh hng
ch non ti hoc khng ti: dng in dung c th lm bo v tc Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng nhm
Gii php: s dng b phn pht hin s c (phn t qu dng) khi ng truyn tin.
Vi cc rle k thut s: sai s v gc pha do vic ly mu tn hiu Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Do nh hng ca dng in dung: gc ci t cho BV so lch pha phi tng ln
95
Nguyn l{ hot ng
96
Nu tng tr s c ny nh hn gi tr tng tr ci t trong rle th rle s tc ng rle tng tr thp Z< (hoc 21)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Tng tr gm hai thnh phn R & X: thun tin phn tch s s dng mt phng tng tr biu din s lm vic ca bo v khong cch jX
ZD
Nguyn l{ hot ng
97
Xt s n gin:
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tnh ton tng tr rle o c trong Nguyn cc ch Bnh thng: jX ZR(bt)=ZD+Zph ti ZD
ZD+Zpt ZD
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN 100%Z D
Zpt R
Nguyn l{ hot ng
98
Xt s n gin:
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tnh ton tng tr rle o c trong Nguyn cc ch S c: v d ti 50% ng dy: jX im ZR(sc)=ZDs c=50%ZD < ZD
im s c di chuyn vo ng tng tr ng dy
50%ZD
im lm vic khi s c
ZD ZD+Zpt R
Nguyn l{ hot ng
99
im lm vic lc bnh thng v khi s c: khi s c im lm vic Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN lun ri vo ng tng tr ng dy c th ch cn ch to c tnh tc ng ca rle l mt ng thng trng vi ng tng tr ng dy im
jX lm vic lc HBK bnh HN Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in thng im lm vic khi s ZD c ZD+Zpt
c tnh tc ng l mt ng thng
Nguyn l{ hot ng
100
Do sai s, do s c c th xy ra qua cc tng tr trung gian nn gi Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN tr rle oNguyn c khi s c c th ri ra ln cn ng tng tr ng dy. Nu ch ch to c tnh tc ng l mt ng thng th rle c th s khng lm vic trong cc trng hp ny. khc phc th cc nh Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ch to thng c { m rng c tnh tc ng v c hai pha ca ng dy tr thnh vng tc ng.
jX jX ZD ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng im s c ri ra ngoi rle khng tc ng R c tnh tc ng c m rng ZD ZD+Zpt im lm vic lc bnh thng im s c ri vo vng tc ng R
Nguyn l{ hot ng
101
Thc t, c tnh lm vic c m rng theo nhiu dng khc nhau p ng tt hn vi mi loi s c v ch vn hnh ca h thng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
ZD
102
Nguyn l{ bo v theo tn s
Nguyn l bo v theo tn s
103
Tn s trong h thng in thay i khi c s mt cn bng gia cng pht v tiu th: do cc t my b s c, ti nng trong gi Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN cao im, s c ca thit b iu tc... nh hng:
Cc thit b ng b hot ng da trn tn s Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN S suy gim tn s ko di r li Gy nguy him i vi tuabin do hin tng cng hng...
Cc loi rle tn s
104
f:
Rle tc ng bt c khi no tn s thp hn gi tr chnh nh Ci t chnh nh d dng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
df ) dt
(Tc ng theo tc bin thin trung bnh gim kh nng tc ng nhm khi c dao ng tn s ngn hn)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cc yu t nh hng
105
Qu trnh suy gim tn s c dao ng rle tc ng theo tc suy gim {df/dt} c th b tc ng nhm:
Gii php: s dng cc rle tc ng tc bin thin trung bnh ca tn s {f/ t}
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Trng hp in p b nh hng bi sng hi: rle tn s c th xc nh nhm (rle s t b nh hng bi t ny) Nguyn Xun Tng Byu mn H thng in HBK HN Rle tn s t ti cc khu vc ph ti c nhiu ng c cn c ch :
Khi thanh gp mt in: cc ng c cn tip tc quay v duy tr in p trn ng dy trong mt khong thi gian ngn. Tuy nhin tn s ca in p ny suy gim theo tc ng c cc rle tn s c th tc ng nhm. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Khi thanh gp c in tr li: cc ti ny khng c t ng ng in do khi b sa thi theo tn s th thit b TL s khng hot ng
Cc yu t nh hng
106
S dng cc mch gim st theo dng in hoc Nguyn Xun cng Tng sut B mn H thng in HBK HN
107
Phn 04
Cc chc nng bo v v gim st khc trong rle
Cc loi bo v khc
108
Kch hot nh tip im ph kha iu khin t thi gian ca bo v qu dng v 0 giy Chc nng ny kch hot trong 300ms u tin Chc nng ny cng kch hot bng chc nng bo v trong rle (internal)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cc loi bo v khc
109
Cc loi bo v khc
110
Bo v qu dng th t nghch (46) Pht hin ti mt cn bng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Mt pha ti ti S c khng i xng u sai cc tnh my bin dng. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Chng qu ti (ng c) khi xy ra hin tng mt cn bng. D phng cho cc bo v qu dng pha, c bit vi trng hp s c hai pha
Dng khi ng t rt nh nhy cao
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cc loi bo v khc
111
Bo v chng my ct t chi tc ng (50BF) m bo loi tr c s c mc nhanh nht Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn l:
bo v no tc ng gi tn hiu
Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Gim st phn cng & phn mm Nguyn ca rle
in p ca ngun nui rle in p lm vic ca b vi x l in p ca pin trong rle S hot ng ca b nh S hot ng ca phn mm trong rle
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Tc ng:
Kha BV so lch v chng chm t hn ch Kha cc BV da trn s khng i xng ca dng in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Tt c in p ba pha nh hn mt ngng cho php Khng c s tng t bin ca dng in o c Nguyn Xun Tngnht B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng in trn 3 pha ln hn mt ngng nh cho php
Gim st mch ct (Trip Circuit Supervision 74) Mch ct c vai tr quan trng & qua nhiu khu (cu ch, cu Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ni, tip im rle, hng kp, dy ni...) gim st s thng mch Nguyn l:
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Bm mt dng in nh vo mch ( c mA khng kch hot cun ct ) Gim st dng in ny
Gim st mch ct (Trip Circuit Supervision 74) Thc hin: rle gim st gm mt hoc hai rle ph loi thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng, ng chm. Khi hai rle tc ng cnh bo mch ct
Khi my ct ng
Gim st c c khi mt ngun thao tc my ct
Gim st mch ct (Trip Circuit Supervision 74) Thc hin: rle gim st gm mt hoc hai rle ph loi thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng, ng chm. Khi hai rle tc ng cnh bo mch ct
Khi my ct ang ct
Gim st mch ct (Trip Circuit Supervision 74) Thc hin: rle gim st gm mt hoc hai rle ph loi thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng, ng chm. Khi hai rle tc ng cnh bo mch ct
Khi my ct m
121
Phn 05
Bo v cc my bin p lc
Cc vn cn quan tm
122
Cc h hng i vi my bin p Phng thc bo v my bin p trn li truyn ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Chc nng bo v so lch (87T)
Nguyn l, c tnh lm vic Cc vn cn ch khi p dng BVSL cho my bin p
Cc loi bo v khc
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cc s c Ch bt thng Phng in s xuyn Qu ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN S c pha-pha, pha-t i vi Mc du tng cao hoc gim cun dy cao v h p thp S xm m ca hi nc vo Hng b chuyn i u phn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN du cch in p St nh lan truyn vo trm: Li t b qu t thng... hng cch in cun dy S c gia cc vng dy trn cng cun dy.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Phn tch
124
Chm chp gia cc vng dy: dng in trong cc vng dy b s c ln nhng dng in ti hai u ca my bin p thay i Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN khng ng k (theo t s vng dy)
Cc bo v hot ng theo dng in kh pht hin Nu khng loi tr nhanh th c th gy s c lan trn
S c li t:
Tng ln dng in xoy Gy pht nhit s c ln hn.
Phn tch
125
Vai tr ca cun th ba (u tam gic) trong MBA Vi cc my bin p (gm c t ngu) u Y/Y: thng c Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN trang b thm cun tam gic:
L im u ni ca cc b t, khng b Cung cp in t dng hoc cho mt s ti a phng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Phn tch
126
Vai tr ca cun th ba (u tam gic) trong MBA S phn b dng in trong MBA khi mang ti khng cn bng: Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN gi thit MBA ch mang ti 1 pha (trng hp mt cn bng trm trng nht)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Tngbng B mn 1/3 H thng in HBK Dng trong cunNguyn tamXun gic ca ti HN 1 pha: do cun tam gic thng c cng sut bng 1/3 cun dy chnh
Loi s c
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Loi bo v
Bo v so lch
S c gia cc vng dy
Rle kh (Buchholz) Bo v so lch S c li t Rle kh (Buchholz) Bo v so lch S c thng du my bin p Rle kh (Buchholz)
Qu t thng Qu nhit
87T, 49, 64, 50/51, 50/51N Tn hiu dng in cc pha c ly t BI chn s MBA. 87T, 49, 50/51/50/51N Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tn hiu dng in: ly t BI ngn my ct u vo cc pha MBA. 67/67N, 50/51, 50/51N, 27/59, 50BF, 74 Tn hiu dng in: ly t BI ngn my ct u vo pha 500kV ca MBA Tn hiu in p: ly t BU thanh ci 500kV
Nguyn Xun Tng 50BF, B mn74 H thng in HBK HN 67/67N, 50/51, 50/51N, 27/59, Tn hiu dng in: ly t BI ngn my ct u vo pha 220kV ca MBA Tn hiu in p: ly t BU thanh ci 220kV
Bo v chnh 2:
50/51, 50/51N, 50BF, 74 Tn hiu dng in: ly t BI chn s 35kV ca MBA R le bo v nhit du /cun dy MBA (26) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN R le p lc MBA (63) R le gaz cho bnh du chnh v ngn iu p di ti (96) R le bo mc du tng cao (71)
Cc bo v khc
Bo v chnh 2
87T, 49, 50/51/50/51N Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ly tn hiu dng in t BI ngn my ct u vo cc pha MBA. 67/67N, 50/51, 50/51N, 27/59, 50BF, 74 Ly tn hiu dng in t BI ngn my ct u vo pha 220kV ca MBA Ly tn hiu in p c ly t BU thanh ci 220kV
Nguyn Xun Tng 50BF, B mn74 H thng in HBK HN 67/67N, 50/51, 50/51N, 27/59, Ly tn hiu dng in t BI ngn my ct u vo pha 110kV ca MBA Tn hiu in p: ly t BU thanh ci 110kV
50/51, 50/51N, 50BF, 74 Tn hiu dng in: BI chn s cun trung p ca MBA Bo v nhit du /cun dy MBA (26) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN R le p lc MBA (63) R le gaz cho bnh du chnh v ngn iu p di ti (96) R le bo mc du tng cao (71)
87T, 49, 64 (theo nguyn l{ tng tr thp), 50/51, 50/51N Tn hiu dng in: BI ngn my ct u vo cc pha MBA. 67/67N, 50/51, 50/51N, 27/59, 50BF, 74 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tn hiu dng in: BI chn s 110kV ca MBA Tn hiu in p: BU thanh ci 110kV 50/51, 50/51N, 50BF, 74 Tn hiu dng in: BI chn s cun trung p 1 ca MBA.
Nguyn Xun Tng 50/51, 50/51N/51G, 50BF, 74 B mn H thng in HBK HN Tn hiu dng in: BI chn s cun trung p 2 ca MBA
Bo v nhit du /cun dy MBA (26) R le p lc MBA (63) R le gaz cho bnh du chnh v ngn iu p di ti (96) R le bo mc du tng cao (71)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v so lch c hm I (87) Dng lm bo v chnh cho my bin p Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Phm vi bo v c gii hn bi v tr t BI
iR
iR
i1
1 i1 n
n
i2
i2
i3
i3
...
...
in
in
sum of
scaled sum of
iR
ABB
i1 i2
i3 ... in
geometrical average
iR
Cc yu t cn ch
Hiu chnh gc pha do t u dy my bin p Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Loi b thnh phn dng in TTK Hiu chnh t s bin dng Hm theo sng hi
nh hng ca t u dy my bin p MBA t u dy hai pha khc nhau dng in cc pha b lch Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN gc nhau
T u dy Y0/-11 th dng s cp v th cp lch nhau 11x300=3300.
Nguyn l bo v so lch yu cu dng in hai pha cn so snh Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in chy HBK HN phi trng pha khi xy ra lch pha c dng cn bng qua bo v s tc ng nhm phi hiu chnh gc pha. Rle c & Rle tnh: hiu chnh gc pha bng BI trung gian. Rle s: hiu chnh gc pha c thc hin bng phn mm:
BI c th u hnh Y cho mi cun dy Khai bo vo rle cc t du dy ca my bin p v my bin dng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN (nu cn thit).
Loi b thnh phn dng in TTK S c chm t ngoi vng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nu khng loi b: tc ng nhm
Loi b thnh phn dng in TTK S dng BI trung gian c cun tam gic: loi tr thnh phn I0 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN chy vo bo v
BI trung gian c cun tam gic
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI cc pha c t s bin khc t s bin p Hoc khi dng in th cp ca cc BI khng ging nhau
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
BI cc pha c t s bin khc t s bin p Hoc khi dng in th cp ca cc BI khng ging nhau
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Rle so lch
w w2
i1
3,813 3 0, 719
2, 202 0, 719
3, 06
w w2
i1
3,813 3 0, 719
2, 202 0, 719
3, 06
Hm theo thnh phn sng hi Dng t ha xung kch khi ng khng ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng my bin p khng ti
Khng c ti ng in my bin p t mt pha
Dng t ha xung kch chy vo t mt pha Pha u ra khng ti: khng c dng in
I1 I2
Bo v so lch c th tc ng nhm
Hm theo thnh phn sng hi Cch x l dng t ha xung kch khi ng khng ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng t ha xung kch c dng mo sng, tt nhanh
Dng xung kch
Bc c bn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN (50Hz)
Phn tch ph in p
Sng hi
Phn tch ph: c sng hi bc 2 ly lm tn hiu hm bo v Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN so lch hm theo sng hi
Dng t ha xung kch: lun cha thnh phn 2nd Dng s c: khng c 2nd & bc chn Dng t ha xc lp: khng c sng hi bc chn.
Sng hi bc 2: c trng ring bit ca dng t ha xung kch s Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN dng thnh phn sng hi bc 2 ny t ng hm bo v so lch khi ng khng ti my bin p.
Hm theo thnh phn sng hi Hin tng qu t thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Li my bin p b qu t thng Dng in cc pha khng ging nhau Khi MBA b qu t thng: dng in c cha thnh phn sng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN th th hi bc 3 & 5 Thnh phn bc 3: c th b loi bi cun tam gic dng thnh phn hi bc 5 kha tm thi chc nng bo v so lch
S c ti im gn trung tnh cun dy u hnh sao, trung tnh ni t: dng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn thng in HBK HN s c c th rt b (do in p H gn trung tnh c gi tr nh) Bo v qu dng TTK (50N & 51N):
C th khng nhy bo v cho cun dy my bin p
Bo v so lch:
Ch s c trong vng
Cc loi bo v khc
154
Bo chm t pha cun trung tnh cch in Cun dy c trung tnh cch in nu xy ra chm t: dng in c Xun Tng B mn Hkhng thng in HBK HN gi tr nh Nguyn bo v qu dng pht hin c
pht hin chm t
I>
10,5
Khi xy ra chm t:
Ua=0 Uc
N
Ub
Ua+Ub+Uc#3U0 S c (A-)
Cc loi bo v khc
155
Qu t thng (hay qu kch t): pht hin hin tng qu t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN thng trong li t Phm vi s dng ph bin vi s ni b my pht-my bin p. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn nhn: Hin tng qu t thng li t c th xy ra khi:
in p h thng b tng cao (my pht b mt ti t ngt, b iu chnh kch t khng vn hnh, hoc tc phn ng chm dn n qu p) Tn s h thng gim thp (v d: trong qu trnh khi ng t my, tc my pht tng dn dn, b kch t hot ng gi in p u cc ngng nh mc)
Khi qu t thng li t khng th mang thm t thng t thng mc vng qua cc kt cu kim loi ln cn pht nng
Cc loi bo v khc
156
Gim st t s V/f (in p & tn s) Loi bo v c tr: qu t thng qu khng gy nguy him tc thi
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cc loi bo v khc
157
Bo v chng qu ti (49) Qu ti kh pht hin bng cc bo v qu dng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Rle s c th dng 3 phng php
Hnh nh nhit (khng tnh ti nhit mi trng ngoi) Hnh nh nhit (c tnh ti nhit mi trng ngoi) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nhit im nng & tnh ton gi ha cch in
Cc loi bo v khc
158
tng nhit t l
T phn ca Q1 & Q2 Kt cu, hnh dng, kiu lm mt.. c trng bi h s hng s qun tnh nhit th Hng s ny c th tnh ton gn ng
Cc loi bo v khc
159
Cc loi bo v khc
160
Rle kh (Buchholz) (ting Vit: RK) V tr: trng ng ng ni t thng du chnh my bin p ln Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN thng du ph - Do nh sn xut ch to sn
Cc loi bo v khc
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Alarm bucket
Mercury switch
From transformer
Aperture adjuster
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Drain plug
Deflector plate
Cc loi bo v khc
162
Rle kh (Buchholz)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Cu to: gm hai t hp phao nm l Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN lng trong du.
Cc loi bo v khc
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S c gia cc vng dy hoc gia Nguyn cc pha th nhit tng nhanh, Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
kh tch t mnh v i ln trn x y vo phao cp 2 khi ng i ct ngun ca my bin p.
Thng du ph my bin p
Tng quan
165
Bo v chng chm t hn ch (87N) iu chnh u phn p Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Phm vi s dng:
My bin p 2 hoc 3 cun dy My pht-my bin p ni b
iR
iR
i1
1 i1 n
n
i2
i2
i3
i3
...
...
in
in
sum of
scaled sum of
iR
RET521
i1 i2
i3 ... in
geometrical average
iR
Hiu chnh cc yu t nh hng Dch gc pha do t u dy: hiu chnh bng phn mm
BI u hnh sao Khai bo t u dy my bin p
c tnh tc ng
Gi tr so vi dng nh mc pha cao p hoc cun dy cng sut ln nht Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Dng so lch Vng tc ng khng hm Dng so lch ngng cao
Vng tc ng c hm
Ci t - c tnh tc ng
La chn 5 c tnh c sn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tnh tin c tnh c sn Nguyn tc chung: dng hm lun ln hn 2 ln dng so lch vi s c ngoi dc ln nht 50% Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
H s hm tng: m rng vng hm hm tt, gim nhy tc ng Ngc li: tng nhy tc ng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ci t
Dng so lch ngng thp Idiff>
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN dc bng khng (khng hm) t cao hn dng so lch xut hin ch bnh thng C th tnh ti nh hng ca u phn p (nu khng s dng chc nng b) Di la chn: 0,10,5 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ci t
Cc on tip theo: trng thi qu ti v s c ngoi
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN dc tng dn tng hiu lc hm (gim nhy) Thng t theo tham s mc nh ca nh sn xut dc mc nh thay i ti 1
Ci t
Vng tc ng khng hm & Dng so lch ngng cao
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN S c trong vng vi dng ngn mch ln BI c th b bo ha b hm theo sng hi X l{: cho php bo v tc ng ngay khng cn hm {ch khi dng so lch ln hn mt ngng cho php} Ngng cho php phi m bo phn bit Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Vng tc ng khng hm ng s c trong vng
Ci t
Dng so lch ngng cao
B mn H thng in HBK HN Tham Nguyn s nyXun tnhTng ton c Thng t cao hn 120% gi tr ny
Dng so lch ln Dng hm khng tng tng ng vi thc t Xun (do Tng BI bo ha) Nguyn B mn H thng in HBK HN
C ch hm
Pht hin s c ngoi Kch hot hm theo sng hi bc 2 (BI b bo ha, dng sng s tm thi c thnh phn hi bc 2) B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn Xun Tng Tng dng khi ng so lch ngng thp ln 70%
Ngn nga tc ng nhm khi BI b bo ha Vn quan trng: pht hin s c no l s c ngoi Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Thut ton:
Pht hin s c ngoi & bo ha BI da trn s di chuyn ca c tnh lm vic
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Qu o im lm vic tng ng
AB BC
Ngn nga bo v tc ng nhm khi ng my bin p khng ti (ng xung kch) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn l
Da theo thnh phn sng hi bc 2
Dng t ha xung kch: lun cha thnh phn 2nd Dng s c: khng c 2nd & bc chn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng t ha xc lp: khng c sng hi bc chn Mi chu kz: c giai on dng xung kch gim ti gi tr rt nh (bng dng t ha) Giai on ny xut hin u n t nht chu kz
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ngn nga bo v tc ng nhm khi ng my bin p khng ti (ng xung kch) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ci t: c hai ch hot ng (la chn)
Hm theo sng hi v hm theo dng sng: t ng bt khi my bin p khng c in
T kha sau 1 pht khi my bin p ng in: trnh bo v b lm vic Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H hm, thng in HBK HN ko di khi s c trong vng Tuy nhin: vn t kch hot khi c s c ngoi
Ngn nga bo v tc ng nhm khi my bin p b qu kch t (dng t ha b tng cao) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Mt t thng trong li t: t l B= E/(4.44*S*f) Khi in p tng cao/ tn s gim thp: qu t thng li t Khng cn thit phi ct nhanh my bin p Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tuy nhin: Dng t ha tng cao kt hp vi dng ti: bo v so lch c th tc ng nhm c im dng t ha khi qu t thng:
Ch cha hi bc l: 3, 5, 7... Thnh phn bc 5 chim ch yu
Hi bc 3: khng i i Xun qua cun tam gic khng dng pht Nguyn Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN hin qu t thng Ch dng hi bc 5
Hi bc 3: khng i i qua cun tam gic khng dng pht hin qu t thng Ch dng hi bc 5 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Qu trnh hm theo hi bc 5: ch bt u nu chc nng so lch yu cu lnh ct
c im nhy cao:
Ch s dng thnh phn th t khng c bn khng b nh hng ca thnh phn hi bc 3 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Khng b nh hng ca dng xung kch: khng cn kim tra bi thut ton hm sng hi c thi gian tc ng nhanh nht Khng b nh hng ca vic chuyn i u phn p
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S u ni
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
187
Vi in khng (a)
Vi in tr (b)
Loi t hp
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
188
Khng c thit b i ni
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
189
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
190
Hn ch dng in bng in tr
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
191
Hn ch dng in bng in tr
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
192
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
193
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
194
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
195
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
196
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
197
b.
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
198
Tuy nhin:
S vng cun cao pNguyn thay i theo trmn u phn Xun Tngv B H thngp in HBK HN Khng thch hp s dng v in p pha cao p thng tng i n nh
S u ni ca b iu khin
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn l{ b OLTC
200
Cc gi tr chnh nh
Mc in p ci t
Nguyn Xuncao Tnghn B mn Gi tr ci t thng 5% H thng in HBK HN Vng b cho in p ri trn ng dy 105V
khng nhy
Thi gian tr
trnh thit b lm vic lin tc khi c dao ng in p ngn hn (vd: do ng c khi ng) t 30-60 giy
Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Gi in p ti im Nguyn nt ph ti:
Cc vn cn quan tm
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Khc t s/ in p Khc tng tr B iu khin khng tng thch vi nhau Tng dng ngn mch...
L{ do cn phi hp cc b iu p di ti
Sai lch thi gian: mt b iu p hot ng nhanh hn cc b khc
Mt MBA s thay i u phn p trc, MBA cn li khng thay i hai MBA s vn hnh song song vi cc nc phn p khc nhau sinh ra dng cn bng chy qun gia hai my pht nng, qu ti, tng tn hao.
Yu cu i vi vic phi hp
Cc MBA song song: m bo iu p nh ci t vi mt my Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nc phn p: c t ng la chn sao cho dng cn bng chy qun nh nht
Khi c 01 b iu khin
Khi c 02 b iu khin
Dng ti thng thng cc dng ti qua cc MBA cng pha vi nhau Dng cn bng chy qun lch pha 1800 gia cc MBA
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Very Inverse (VI): ln dng in s c Xun dcTng ng dy thay i Nguyn B mn H thng in HBK HN mnh t u ti cui ng dy. Extremely Inverse (EI): thi gian tc ng t l nghch vi bnh phng ca dng in. Thch hp vi:
Definite Time (DT): dng ngn mch thay i mnh do cng sut ngn mch ca ngun Nguyn thay Xun i.Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Kch hot nh tip im ph kha iu khin t thi gian ca bo v qu dng v 0 giy Chc nng ny kch hot trong 300ms u tin Chc nng ny cng kch hot bng chc nng bo v trong rle (internal)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Pht hin ti mt cn bng Mt pha ti ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN S c khng i xng u sai cc tnh my bin dng. Chng qu ti (ng c) khi xy ra hin tng mt cn bng. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN D phng cho cc bo v qu dng pha, c bit vi trng hp s c hai pha
Dng khi ng t rt nh nhy cao
Chng qu ti (49)
213
Chng qu ti (49)
214
Hnh nh nhit (khng tnh ti nhit mi trng ngoi) Coi c my bin p l mt i tng ng nht Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng in nhit lng Q (t l I2) Nhit lng Q = Q1 + Q2
Q1: ta nhit vo mi trng Q2: tng nhit bn thn
tng nhit t l
T phn ca Q1 & Q2 Kt cu, hnh dng, kiu lm mt.. c trng bi h s hng s qun tnh nhit th Hng s ny c th tnh ton gn ng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
215
Phn 04
Rle k thut s REG 216
Bo v my pht in
216
Bo v my pht in
217
Nguyn tc d phng: nguyn tc n-1 hng hc 1 phn t khng gy gin on h thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN D phng mt phn:
Hai h thng rle bo v C th s dng chung cc bin p o lng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Chung ngun nui
My ct c th ch c mt cun ct
Bo v my pht in
218
Nguyn tc d phng: nguyn tc n-1 hng hc 1 phn t khng gy gin on h thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN D phng y :
Bin p o lng ring bit Hai h thng bo v ton phn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ngun nui rle ring bit Tn hiu ct i theo cc h thng khc nhau
Bo v my pht in
219
V d s bo v MF
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
C thanh gp in p my pht
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ni b
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Gii php:
t dng khi ng thp Kt hp kha in p thp (27 hay U<) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tn ting Anh: Voltage Controlled Overcurrent Protection
Ci t:
Dng in: cao hn 20-30% dng ti max Kha in p thp (27): nh hn 80% Unh mc
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN 51 & 27= Voltage Controlled Overcurrent
Bo v qu dng kt hp hm in p (51V)
Voltage-Restraint Overcurrent Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN T ng iu chnh gi tr dng khi ng theo in p Khi in p gim dng khi ng c t ng gim i
C thm c tnh c lp
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v so lch (87G)
224
Bo v so lch dc
Bo v so lch ngang
H ta c nh & H ta quay
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v so lch my bin p
227
c trang b trong REG 216 cng vi so lch my pht c tnh v phng thc lm vic tng t RET 670 Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Thm chc nng t ng nng dng ngng thp
Kch hot qua u vo nh phn C th nn s dng khi:
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng t ha tng cao: do ct ti t ngt, s c b iu chnh kch t trong my pht... Dng in cc pha sai khc qu ln: v d khi nc phn p nm v cc v tr cui cng.
Bo v mt kch t:
Bo v cc MF: khng ri vo tnh trng lm vic mt ng khi HN Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng b in HBK xy ra h hng trong h thng kch t Trnh c cc nh hng xu ti n nh ca h thng.
Bo v ny hot ng da trn:
Kh nng pht/nhn cng sut phn khng ca MF Biu gii hn cng sut pht (Generator Capability Curve)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Gii hn dng in trong cun kch t (Field Current Heating Limit): gii hn bi pht nng trong cun dy roto
Dng in trong cun dy stato Amature Current Heating Nguyn Xun ( Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Limit): khng c vt qu mc pht nng cho php
Gii hn pht nng li thp ti cnh ca stato(End Region Heating Limit): kh nng nhn sut ca my Nguyn Xun Tngcng B mn Hphn thng khng in HBK HN pht ch thiu kch t
+
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
L{ thuyt
Thc t
Khi pht Q: in khng o c ln hn 0 (X>0) Khi nhn Q (thiu kch t): in khng o c nh hn 0 (X<0) Cn qui i c tnh P&Q sang tng tr R&X bin i phc tp, khng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN trc quan
Cho php qui i trc tip P&Q sang G&B Bin i trc quan
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn nhn:
Li vn hnh B mn H thng in HBK HN Trc trc my ctNguyn u Xun ccTng khng ct khi ngng t my Hng hc c kh
Bo v
Bo v c kh v theo tn hiu in
Rle REG216: da theo lung cng sut ngc. ln lung cng sut ngc ty thuc:
Ma st, tn hao do tuabin hot ng nh my nn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tn hao in trong my pht
Bo v thng l loi c tr
Trnh cc bin ng ngn hn Trong khi ha ng b hoc dao ng inc th c lung cng sut ngc
Bo v thng l loi c tr
Trnh cc bin ng ngn hn Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Trong khi ha ng b hoc dao ng inc th c lung cng sut ngc: khi bo v s khi ng, gii tr nhiu ln.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Out of Step Hin tng dao ng in (Power Swing) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Hin tng trt cc t (Out of Step)
239
Chng trt cc t (78) Out of Step, Pole Slipping Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v chng hin tng trt cc t - Out of Step (78) Thc hin cc thao tc cn thit tch my pht
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Qu o 3 & 4: dao ng in n nh
L do
My pht in:
Chm t c pht sinh h quang dng in 5A c th ph hy cch in l thp stato s c tip theo
Khng c mt tiu chun c th v gi tr dng in chm t Thng c gii hnXun trong 15A Nguyn Tng khong B mn H5 thng in HBK HN
Nguyn l{ bo v trong rle REG 216 Da theo in p im trung tnh cun dy stato
Khi chm t vecto in p 3 pha mt cn bng im trung tnh b dch chuyn in th tng ln khc 0.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ni qua tng tr
Chm t
Chm t ti u cc
ln in p bc 3 ph thuc ti cc rle hin i c chc nng t ng thay i gi tr chnh nh theo dng ti.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
59D 150Hz
Gii php
Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Pht ngun ph c lp tn s thp Nguyn vo cun dy my pht Gim st dng in do in p tn s thp ny gy ra
Pht in p tn s thp vo trung tnh in p sinh ra dng in ln dng in: ty theo tng tr Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ngun pht & in dung cun stato vi t (Xc) Khi chm t: in dng b ni tt dng in tng ln Tn s thp :
Dung khng (Xc) c gi tr ln dng Nguyn Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN in nh dng khiXun ng thp tng nhy Trnh nhiu do in p ca MF gy ra, d lc.
Rle
Rle o in p pht vo VSEF Dng in chy trong mch iSEF Tnh ton in tr chm t RE nu RE < Rt rle tc ng Mt s rle c thm chc nng bo v qu dng d phng ( ln tng ca dng 50Hz v dng 20Hz) Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN u im:
Rle REG216 V d phng thc bm Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN qua my bin p trung tnh
Rle REG 216 c hai ngng tc ng theo mc nh: Ngng cnh bo: 5k & tr 2 giy Ngng tc ng: 500 & 1 giy
Rle REG670
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Dng s c ny kh xy ra Vi MF cun dy c nhiu vng (MF thy in): nn t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Kh pht hin bng cc bo v thng thng
Rle
S c chm t: in p TTK o c hai pha nh nhau khng tc ng S c chm chp: Nguyn BU pha Xun Tng trung B mn tnh Hkhng thng in o HBK c HN ch c in p t BU pha u cc mt cn bng rle tc ng Gi tr khi ng t thp: 2%
Chm t mt im: khng gy nguy him cnh bo L tin cho chm t im th hai Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Chm t im th hai:
Mt s vng dy b ni tt T trng b lch Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Gy rung ng mnh bt buc phi ct nu rung vt qu ngng cho php
Chm t mt nhnh: n ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN hn Khng pht hin chm t ti trung im Khng pht hin chm t ti trung im
Phng thc bm ngun ph xoay chiu in p xoay chiu bm vo mch roto Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN qua rle qu dng (64F) T C:
Hn ch dng khi c s c chm t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Cch ly
Khi s c chm t in dung b ni tt dng in qua rle tng ln rle khi ng.
Mng du dn in km Rle khng nhy Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nu tng in p bm vo chc thng mng du dn in tt Nhc: n mn in ha ti bi trc quay
S dng ngun bm xoay chiu Rle tc ng da theo in tr o c (khng theo dng in)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S dng ngun bm xoay chiu Rle tc ng da theo in tr o c (khng theo dng in) Gi tr a vo rle:
Dng in o c in p bm vo
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Gi tr t t 13V tng ng in tr xp x 1k
L bo v d phng Tc ng nhanh & nhy hn cc bo v qu dng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ch lm d phng:
Phm vi bo v hp hn so vi bo v so lch ca my pht
Tn hiu u vo:
BU u cc BI pha trung tnh c tnh tc ng v hng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Phm vi bo v
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Thng t ti 0,7XB
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
271
Phn 05
Bo v khong cch
272
Vng II & III: tc ng c tr theo nguyn tc phn cp thi gian, phi hp vi cc bo v lin k
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v khong cch
273
Bo v khong cch
274
m bo bo v 100% chiu di ng dy
t t nht 120% tng tr ng dy cn bo v.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Thng thng vng II c ci t bng 100% tng tr ng dy cn bo v + 50% tng tr ca ng dy ngn nht lin k Thi gian lm vic ca vng II c phi hp vi vng I vi bc phn cp thi gian t nh trnh by trong phn bo v qu dng.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v khong cch
275
l vng bo v d phng chng li tt c cc s c trn ng dy lin k Do gi tr khi ng thng t ln hn 20% ca tng tr tnh t v tr t rle ti cui ng dy diNguyn nhtXun lin k. Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Thi gian tc ng ca vng III c phi hp vi thi gian tc ng vng II.
Bo v khong cch
276
Minh ha
ng dy 1
ng dy 2
1015%
ng dy 3
A Ngun
Vng I Bo v 1
1015%
Vng I Bo v 3
D
1015%
Thanh gp B
Vng I t = 0 giy
Tng tr ng dy
Thanh gp A
Bo v khong cch
277
Ti ca ng dy cng c th biu din di dng tng tr Trn mt phng tng tr: vng ti c rng hay co hp ty theo h s cng sut ca ti Trng hp ng dy di, Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN mang ti nng: vng ti c th chng ln vo c tnh tc ng Vng 3 Vic chng ln ti nh hng n vng 3 ca BVKC
Vng ti
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v khong cch
278
B nh hng chng ln ti
Bo v khong cch
279
jX ZD ZD+Zpt
jX ZD im lm vic lc bnh im lm vic khi thng s c nm ngoi im Rhq vng tc ng lm vic khi s Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn Zpt c R R ZD+Zpt
Zpt
Rhq=0
Rhq>0
Bo v khong cch
280
Rhq
Rhq
c tnh MHO
c tnh t gic
N2
HT2
Khc phc: thc hin ng cc BVKC thng Nguyn lin Xun Tng Bgia mn H thng in HBK HN qua knh truyn
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
282
Cc phng php Zone 1 Extension Scheme Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Transfer Tripping Schemes
Direct Under-reach Transfer Tripping Scheme Permissive Under-reach Transfer Tripping (PUTT) Scheme Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Permissive Over-Reach Transfer Tripping (POTT) Scheme Ngun yu (Weak Infeed)
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
283
L{ do cn lin ng gia cc BVKC Khng c s phi hp: s c ti 10-20% u ng dy tn ti Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN lu
nh hng n tnh n nh
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
284
o o o o o o
Vng 1:
o
Tht bi:
Loi tr nh bnh thng bi Z1 hoc Z2
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
285
Transfer Tripping Schemes S truyn tn hiu cho php Direct Under-reach Transfer Tripping Scheme (truyn tn hiu ct Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN trc tip) DUTT
o o o S c:
o Vng 1 tc ng gi tn hiu ct ti u i din Nhn tn hiu ct ct tc thi Do nhiu Sai st ca h thng truyn tin.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
u i din:
o o o
Khng ph bin
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
286
Transfer Tripping Schemes S truyn tn hiu cho php Permissive Under-reach Transfer Tripping (PUTT) Scheme
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
287
Transfer Tripping Schemes S truyn tn hiu cho php Permissive Over-Reach Transfer Tripping (POTT) Scheme
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Ch ct khi:
o o khi ng C tn hiu cho php t u i din
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
288
Transfer Tripping Schemes S truyn tn hiu cho php Ngun yu (Weak Infeed) Hoc Breaker Open Conditions Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ng dy c cp ngun t 2 pha - Mt ngun c cng sut ngn mch nh (ngun yu) S c: dng t pha ngun yu c th khng ln rle pha s khng khi ng. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nu dng s truyn tn hiu cho php: khng c tn hiu cho php t rle pha ngun yuNguyn khng th tc nhanh. Xun Tng B mnng H thng in HBK HN
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
289
Transfer Tripping Schemes S truyn tn hiu cho php Ngun yu (Weak Infeed) Hoc Breaker Open Conditions Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Trang b chc nng t ng gi li tn hiu nhn c (echo) d khng khi ng. Ti ngun khe: nhn c tn hiu phn hi (echo) ct tc thi Ti u ngun yu: thm chc nng pht hin in p Nguyn Xun Tng B thp mn H thng in HBK HN
u ngun yu s ct:
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
290
Blocking Over-reaching Scheme S truyn tn hiu kha Ngun yu (Weak Infeed) Hoc Breaker Open Conditions Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN S truyn tn hiu cho php: thi gian loi tr s c s b ko dinu
S truyn tn hiu kha: m rng vng & tnTng hiu kha Nguyn Xun B mn H thng in HBK HN
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
291
S c trong vng: hai u khng nhn c tn hiu kha tc ng tc thi S c ngoi vng: phn t khong cch hng ngc s gi tn hiu kha ti u i din kha bo v ny
Lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
292
Blocking Over-reaching Scheme S truyn tn hiu kha Ngun yu (Weak Infeed) trong s truyn tn hiu kha Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Ti ngun khe: rle tc ng vi mi s c trong vng do khng c tn hiu kha t u ngun yu Khi s c ri sau ngun yu: vng ngc ca rle ti ngun yu s hot ng v dng lc ny do ngun khe cp gi tn hiu kha ti u i Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN din Rle ti ngun khe s lun hot ng ng.
Khi c dao ng in: cn kha bo v khong cch Nguyn l{: gim st tc bin thin tng tr dZ/dt Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN t thm cc vng gim st pht hin sm dao ng in
Tng tr o c
Tng tr o c ~ V2: V gim ti 0.9 pu th tng tr gim ti 0.81pu Tng tr o c t l nghch vi cng sut chy trn ng dy: cng sut truyn ti tng gp i th tng tr gim 50% gi tr tng tr o c khi ti nng ri vo vng tc ng
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Vn hnh vi in p xp x 0
295
Khi ngn mch gn: in p gim xung xp x bng 0 rlehot ng khng chnh xc. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Gii php
S dng in p nh c trc thi im s c. Bin php ny khng c tc dng nu ng dy gp s c ngay khi va c cp in tr li. Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Dng bo v qu dng ct nhanh vi vng bo v bao trm mt cht qua v tr t rle.
nh v s c
296
nh v s c
297
L{ do s dng ch gi tr in khng:
S c thng km theo h quang hoc qua vt trung gian Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN H quang (vt trung gian) c tnh cht in tr Nu s dng tng tr bao gm c in tr h quang nh v khng chnh xc
Khong thi gian ly thng tin U &Nguyn I: Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S c xut hin trc khi my ct m (trnh nhiu lon) V tr xc nh theo tng cp tn hiu (U&I) ly mu Kt qu cui cng c th l gi tr khong cch trung bnh
298
Rle so lch dc ng dy
Phn 6
c im
299
ng dy 2 ngun cp
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
ng dy r nhnh
c im
300
ng dy cp in t mt pha
ct my ct u khng ngun cn truyn tn hiu ct t u i din
tr ng truyn tin
301
Bo v dng dy dn ph
Vn hnh trong thi gian thc Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Tn hiu tng t o lng ti cc u ng b v mt thi gian
Rle mt pha gi tn hiu Rle u kia nhn c v gi tr li Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Xc nh tr ng truyn da theo thi gian t lc gi n lc nhn li tn hiu
tr ng truyn tin
302
tr ng truyn tin
303
nh hng ca in dung ng dy
304
nh hng ca in dung ng dy
305
Thut ton b in dung ng dy a thm: mt thnh phn m phng thnh phn dng in Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN dung ny vo trong tnh ton dng so lch Tr i: thnh phn ny t gi tr dng in o c
Dng in dung: tnh ton gn ng bng cch o in p ng dy v chia cho dung khng ca ng dy
Bo v chng tt lo (46BC)
306
S c dng in tng cao d dng pht hin bng cc nguyn l{ bo v thng thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN S c tt lo:
Khng gy tng dng Khng th pht hin bng cc bo v qu dng thng thng.
Gii php:
Bo v chng tt lo (46BC)
307
Gii php:
Dng cc bo v qu dng TTN (ch bo ca hin tng mt cn bng)
o dng TTK: nu t u dy sao/tam giac khng c dng I0 chc chn pht hin s c tt lo: s dng t s I2/IH Nguyn Xun Tng B mn 1 thng in HBK HN
L{ do: t s ny hu nh khng thay i khi dng ti thay i Loi tr c nh hng ca vic non ti.
308
Phn 07
Rle so lch thanh gp REB 670
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
309
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
310
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
311
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
312
+
7A
7B
ISOLATOR 1
BUS 1
ISOLATOR 1
7B
7A
ISOLATOR 1 OPEN ISOLATOR 1 OPEN
Contact Input F1c On F1c Contact Input F1c On F1b
BUS 2
F1a F1a On thng in HBK HN Nguyn Xun TngContact B Input mn H F1a Contact Input F1a On F1c F1b
ISO 1
ISO 2
BUS 1
ISOLATOR 1
BUS 1
+
7B
ISOLATOR 1
+
7A
7B
7A
CB 1 ISO 3 BYPASS
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
313
Thng dng li phn phi (mt ng cp ti TG) Yu cu mt khong phn cp thi gian ngn Tn hiu kha c th ni trc tip gia cc rle (dy ng)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
50
50
50
50
50
50
BLOCK
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
314
59
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
315
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
316
S dng nguyn l hm Dng hm: tng dng, dng ln nht, mt phn tng dng.. Khng yu cu BI cp X
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
87 51
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
317
c im:
S lng ngn l ln s lng tn hiu, dy dn ln s dng cu Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN trc phn tn C ch kim tra chng tc ng nhm: check zone D gp hin tng bo ha my bin dng
Vng bo v
Bo ha
S c trong vng bo v
S c ngoi vng bo v
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
318
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
319
Ci t:
Dng khi ng ngng thp: nh hn dng ngn mch min Ln hn dng ti max ca mt ngn l (trnh tc ng khi h hng mch dng) C th kt hp kha U0> gim dng t
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Bo v cc h thng thanh gp
320
Dng khi ng ln hn Iti max: gim nhy S dng chc nng check zone
321
Phn 8
H thng kch t my pht in
Thi gian p ng ca mch kch t ngn hn rt Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN nhiu so vi mch iu khin tua bin, do hai phn iu khin c th coi l hai mch vng c lp.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Nguyn H thngTua inbin; HBK HN trc ni LFC Controller: Thit b iu tn Xun Tng B mn Turbine: Shaft: Frequency Sensor: cm bin o tn s Steam: hi vo tua bin AVR: b t ng iu chnh in p my pht Valve control mechanism: C cu iu chnh m Excitation system: Phn kch t ca my pht van nng lng vo tua bin
1.
H thng kch t mt chiu: hin ti vn cn tn ti, thng dng cho cc my pht c cng sut <100MVA. H thng gm 02 my pht mt chiu quay cng trc vi my pht chnh:
1.
Cng sut ca ngun cp cho kch t my pht ph v thit b chnh lu c iu khin rt nh (h thng hai my pht mt chiu c th cung cp kh nng khuych i cng sut ti t s 600/1) Nhc im:
2.
Khng cn h thng vnh trt, vnh gp Thi gian p ng ca qu trnh iu chnh nhanh hn Cng sut ca h thng ngun kch t nh (1/20 (30)) H thng vn c s dng trong cng nghip v khng yu cu mt ngun kch t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN ring bit qu ln
3.
My pht
Bin in p (BU)
MBA kch t
Bin dng in T h thng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN (BI) t dng T u cc my pht
Ngun cp cho h thng kch t c th ly t u cc my pht hoc t h thng t dng Cn c bin kch t bin i in p cho ph hp Mt gii php khc: ly cng sut cp cho kch t t h thng bin dng in v bin Xun Tng Bcho mn kch H thng in p Vi gii php Nguyn ny: in p cp t in t bHBK nh HN hng bi ngn mch gn hoc st gim in p u cc.
3.
Thi gian p ng iuNguyn khinXun nhanh. Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Trong ch dit t: b chnh lu c th iu khin tr thnh b nghch lu tiu th nng lng th trong cun roto.
in p c duy tr khng i
Dng khi my pht lm nhim v gi in p nt hoa tiu Hoc khi my pht vn hnh c lp
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
iu khin lng Q pht ra t l vi lng P ang pht duy tr cos C th dng khi my pht ni li
Lng cng sut phn khng ca my pht c duy tr khng i Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN Nguyn C th dng khi my pht ni li
Nguyn Xun Tng p, Btc mn Hquay thng in HBK HN Khu o lng: o tn s, dng in , in
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN B phn b ti: c s dng khi cn iu khin gi khng i in p ti nt ph ti pha xa.
B so snh
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN B gii hn dng kch t: gii hn dng kch t cc i v cc tiu
Follow up Unit: m bo s chuyn i mm gia ch t ng /chnh tay Vi cc h thng kch t kp (hai nhnh kch t ring): mt nhnh c iu chnh ch ng, nhnh cn li iu chnh ph thuc theo (follow up)
Mch in p u vo
336
Rle kim tra in p (60): pht hin t cu ch v chuyn b iu khin sang ch manual hoc chuyn sang ly tn hiu t BU cn tt.
Thng thng 1 BU dng cho mch iu khin kch t Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN BU cn li dng cho mch bo v, o lng
tranh t bin khi chuyn ch : nn trang b chc nng Automatic Tracking ch manual c th bm st thng s ca ch t ng trc khi mt in p.
Mch in p u vo
337
Nguyn Xun B pht mn H thng in HBK Dng rle in p Tng thp hin mt in pHN u vo chuyn sang ch manual (rle ny s tm kha khi my pht khi ng)
Chnh nh thp hn gi tr thng gp vn hnh bnh thng C th kt hp vi rle qu in p th t nghch (47) pht hin mt cn bng in p (t cu ch 1 pha mch p)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Mch in p u vo
338
Nguyn Xun B mn H thng in tng HBK HN Gii php khc: sTng dng rle gim st hin t cu ch (60FL Fuse Loss)
in p th t nghch vt qu ngng (ch bo t cu ch) Dng in o c trong ngng bnh thng khng nh s kin t cu ch Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
V d v h thng kch t
339
340
Phn 9
Ha ng b cc ngun in
Automatic Synchronization Chc nng kim tra ng b (25)
Ha ng b trong h thng in
341
L thao tc cn thit a my pht in vo lm vic cng vi h thng hoc kt ni gia hai h thng.
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Yu cu: dng in cn bng trong lc ha ng b phi nh nht, gim thiu st p v dao ng cng sut
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
S ha ng b
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
Trnh t thao tc
U H
U F
H F db
UH
H
UF
F
Gc lch tng i gia vecto in p hai pha bng Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN khng: ,U U 0
H F
Gc lch
E F
S thay th
I cb
E H
E F
EF
E
ln dng in Icb ph thuc vo gc lch gia hai vecto in p (sin ) Nguyn 2 Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
E
2
I cb min
00 ; 3600 ; 7200...
00 ; 3600 ; 7200...
I cb max
max 2
E XH Xd
sin
E XH Xd
sin
1800
I cb max
E Xd
( 3) 2 IN dau cuc MF
1800
Xun Tng B mn H thng HBK HN l 1800 Vy thi im bt li nht:Nguyn khi gc lch gia vecto in in p hai pha v dng Icbmax c th gp 2 ln dng ngn mch 3 pha u cc my pht
uS (t ) uH (t ) uF (t ) EH sin(
t ) EF sin(
t)
H F
uS (t ) 2 E cos
Vi:
2
H
t
F
sin
2 E cos
sin
<Untitled>
sin
(t)
Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN
cos
US
2 E sin
t 2 E sin
V S l tc trt nn i lng ( S t ) chnh l gc lch tng i gia hai vecto in p theo thi gian. Chu kz ca in p phch thay i do trong qu trnh ha lun c nhng thao tc iu chnh sao cho tc gc ca my pht gn nht vi pha h Nguyn Xun Tng B mn H thng in HBK HN thng Thi im thun li ha: khi Us=0
uS(t)
tng MC
tng MC
tng MC
(t)
Gi xung ng
ThunGi li xung ng
Thun li
Gi xung ng
Thun li
Do vic ng my ct cn mt khong thi gian tng MC: xung ng phi gi trc thi im thun li mt khong thi gian vt trc tvt trc = tng MC Thi gian vt trc c th qui i tnh theo gc vt trc () nu tc trt cho php khi ha ng b bit:
Gc vt trc
vt scp scp Nguyn Xun Tng vt B mn H thngdong in MC HBK HN