CNG NGH SN XUT BT CHANH DY HA TAN

M u: Vi s pht trin kinh t ca nc ta ,cht lng cuc sng ca ngi dn ngy cng tng . Do ,khu phn n hng ngy,ngoi ngun dinh dng c bn l protein,tinh bt,lipit . Con ngi cn quan tm nhng cht vi lng cn thit cho c th nh vitamin, cht khong c mt c th phy trin kho mnh chng ta cn c cung cp mt lng vitamin cht khong cn thit. Chanh dy l ngun nguyn liu tt cho sc kho ,nhiu thnh phn dinh dng, cung cp nhiu nng lng. nc ta chanh dy thng dng di dng nc gii kht , trong 2 nm tr li y nhiu loi sn phm chit xut t chanh dy ra i phc v nhu cu trong nc v xut khu .

Chng 1: Ngun nguyn liu

1- Nguyn liu chnh: chanh dy

Hin nay, vit nam c 2 loi chanh dy vng v ta. Dng tri tm: c v tri mu tm n tm sm. Tri nh c tua dy, nhnh v gn l xanh. vit nam thng thy lt v Ty nguyn . loi tri ny c kh nng ra hoa v u qu quang nm, cho nng sut cao v cho hng v tri ngon nht Dng tri vng: v tri mu vng chanh , gtrais ln hn dng mu tm , c tua dy, nhnh v gn l ng tm . Ging ny thng tm thy ng bng sng cu

long . Loi ny cho tri theo ma t l cm thu hi cng nh cht lng cm tri cao nhng nng sut khng cao lm . Chanh dy khng cha cholesterol, giy vitamin A v vitaminC, l ngun cung cp vitamin v st di do, ngun cht s tuyt ho Nc p t chanh dy c cha nhiu cht alkaloids gip lm h huyt p an thn , gim au , v chng li cc cn co tht. 2- Nguyn liu ph:
2.1 MALTODEXTRIN:

c s dng trong qu trnh phi ch trc khi sy,phun nhm lm tng nng cht kh ca dch qu sau khi ch, tha mn nng n caanf thit cho qu trnh sy phun. 2.2 Cht to v ngt: ng l cht ph gia to v dng b sung vo sn phm. ng lm tng gi tr dinh dng ca sn phm v kch thch dch v. ng c tc dng to ngt nhm iu chnh hi ha ca ngt, chua ca chanh dy.B sung ng almf tng nng cht tan v c kh nng gi cc cht thm trong sn phm. 2.3 Enzyme pectinase: Trong qu trnh sn xut ta s dng enzyme thng phm pectinex Ultra SP-L ca cng ty Novo Nordisk an Mch.Thu nhn t Aspergillus aculeatus.ch phm dng dung dch lng mu hi nu c mi nh c trng ca sn phm ln men. Enzyme c kh nng hot ng ti u nhit 40-450 c v PH khong 3,5-4,5. 2.4 Vitamin C: trong iu kin bnh thng c dng mu trng hoc ng vng, khng hi, v chua d tan trong nc v trong cn. Viatmin C lm cht chng oxy ha,ngn chn kh nng pha mu,lm bin mu,lm gim mi v v cc bin i v cht lng khc do s oxy ha gy ra. 2.5 Nc: Yu cu ca nc ra l :

-khng mi, trong 100ml, PH 6-6,8. - Mu sc ( thang mu Coban ): 5o - pH: 6 7.8 - cn c nh ( t 600 0C): 75-150 mg/l - cng ton phn: di 15o - cng vnh vin: 7o - Tng s vi sinh vt hiu kh: di 100 con/ml

Chng 2 :

S QUY TRNH CNG NGH

Chanh dy

Chn la, phn loi Ra pectinase V

Tch rut qu

enzym maltodextrin

T=40-450C

ch Phi trn ng ha
Phi trn

Ht

Sy phun ng Hon thin ng gi

T=1650C
Ph gia

Sn phm

Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh:

2.1-La chn, phn loi: Cht lng nguyn liu l ch tiu quyt nh cht lng sn phm. Bi vy trc ht cn chn loi rau qu c gi tr dinh dng cao. a)Mc ch: La chn: loi b nhng nguyn liu khng quy cch, su bnh, ln mc, thi lng. Phn loi: phn chia nguyn liu theo kch thc, hnh dng mu sc, chn. b) Bin i: Nguyn liu ng nht v kch thc, mu sc, chn. Loi b c tri h hng khng ng u v kch thc. c) Thc hin: th cng Nguyn liu c a v thng cha nguyn liu, sau c a ln mt bng chuyn. Nguyn liu c dn mng khng b la chn st. Hai bn dy chuyn l cc cng nhn lm nhim v phn loi qu, y l loi b nhng qu b h hng v c kch thc khng ph hp. Chanh dy c a qua bng chuyn v cng nhn s tin hnh kim tra, phn loi. y c th ra s b i vi nhng qu qu bn. Nhng qu cha chn c th lu li khi chn mi s dng. Cn nhng qu chn qu vn c th s dng nu k c du hiu h hng. 2.2-Ra: a) Mc ch: Nguyn liu sau khi thu mua v vn cn nhiu tp cht nh bi, t ct, thuc tr su, cn bm trn b mt v qu. Ta cn tin hnh ra trnh cc tp cht ny

c th ln vo rut qu gy nh hng xu n cht lng sn phm, gim vi sinh vt ngoi v qu. b) Bin i: sch t ct, bi bn, loi mt s vi sinh vt ngoi qu. c) Phng php thc hin: gm hai giai on ngm v ra xi u tin qu s c a vo bun ngm sau c bng chuyn a vo h thng xi ti ca my ngm ra xi ti. Ngm lm cho qu thm t nguyn liu, lm cht bn bong ra, to iu kin cho cht bn bong ra d dng. Dung dch ngm c th l nc thng, nc nng hay dung dch kim. C th ngm tnh hay ngm ng.Thi gian ngm c rt ngn gim tn tht cht dinh dng. Ra xi l dng tc dng chy ca dng nc ra tri cht bn cn li trn b mt nguyn liu sau khi ngm. Ty bn ca qu m c th ra mt hay nhiu ln, vi cc phng php ra tng ng. 2.3 Tch rut qu: a) mc ch: loi b nhng phn qu khng s dng c nh cun v, chun b cho khu enzym. b) bin i: nguyn liu b ph hy kch thc, tri b ph v nt, tn tht vitamin C do b oxi ha, tn tht cc thnh phn dinh dng trong rut qu. c) thc hin: giai on ny nn tin hnh cng nhanh cng tt hn ch tn tht vitamin C v cc cht dinh dng. cho chanh dy vo my ct chanh dy, nghin nt v v sau tch phn rut chanh dy ra. 2.4 Enzym: a) mc ch:

phn tch chui pectin trong rut qu thnh nhng chui c di ngn hn nhm lm gim nht, lm trong dch qu, gip qu trnh tch ht c d dng. Tng nng sut thu dch qu trong qu trnh tin hnh ch. b) bin i: ch yu xy ra cc qu trnh ha sinh enzym pectinase ct t cc lin kt 1,4-glycoside v cc lin kt este, mch pectin b phn ct thnh cc phn t t do nh acit galacturonic, metanol, v cc mch tng i ngn. bin i dch qu sau qu trnh thy phn: khi dch qu c s phn lp r rng, pha di y l lp ht mu nu en, phi trn l lp tht qu mu vng cam, trn cng l lp dch trong mu vng nht. c)Phng php thc hin: u tin dch qu s c nng ln nhit ti u cho enzym hot ng khong 40-450C trong thit b trao i nhit. Sau dch qu c a n thit b , ng thi b sung ch phm pectinase, tin hnh trong 3 gi. Trong qu trnh thnh thong tin hnh khuy trn u khi rut qu tng kh nng tip xc gia enzym v c cht, thc y qu trnh tch ht. Cc thng s: Nng ch phm enzym pectinase s dng : 0,3% Thi gian enzym: 3 gi Sau khi enzym 3 gi ta tin hnh gia nhit v hot enzym 80 0C trong vng 15 pht. Thit b: s dng thit b hnh tr y trn, c lp v o gia nhit, n nh nhit, bn trong c gn cnh khuy. 2.5 Ch: a/ Mc ch: Tch phn tht chanh dy ra khi ht, cc cht s v bin i phn tht qu thnh dng nhuyn.

b/ Bin i: Nhit tng nh do ma st Gim khi lng, tng mn. Phn tht qu gim kch thc tng ng vi l ry s dng, chuyn thnh dng nhuyn. Puree ng nht, loi b ht. Dch bo thot ra d b chuyn ha v vi sinh vt tn cng. Trong qu trnh ch th qu tip xc nhiu vi khng kh, c th xy ra cc phn ng oxy ha, lm bin mu nguyn liu, nhng nh nguyn liu c qua chn, nn cc enzyme xc tc phn ng oxy ha kh b v hn, do bin i ha hc l khng ng k. Gii phng cc enzyme oxy ha kh (catalase, dehydrogenase, ..), enzyme thy phn (pectinesterase), enzyme ascorbinoxidase xc tc qu trnh oxy ha axit ascorbic thnh d ng kh hydro. c/ Thc hin: S dng thit b ch cnh p. Qu trnh ch lm cho khi rut qu b p mnh vo mt ry c c l nh. Phn qua li ry l dch puree, cn li thi ra l b ch cha cc cht s v ht. 2.6/ Phi trn: a/ Mc ch: Chun b, hon thin Chun b cho qu trnh sy phun: trn thm cht n hay cht mang vo dch qu iu chnh nng cht kh trong dch qu, lm tng hm lng cht kh, gim chi ph c c, gp phn ln tng hiu qu qu trnh sy, nh sn xut thng b sung thm maltodextrin. Hon thin sn phm, trong qu trnh ny thng phi trn thm cht bo qun, ph gia mu, hng liu tng thm cht lng cho sn phm. Qu trnh phi ch lm ng u hn hp gia dch qu v maltodextrin theo t l xc nh, phi trn thm cht n to nn cu trc dng bt mn cho sn phm.

b/ Bin i: - Vt l: khi lng thay i. trong, pht x nh sng thay i. Thay i cc chi tiu nhit l. - Ha hc: thay i thnh phn ha hc ca hn hp. - Ha l: nng cht kh trong dch qu tng, s tng nht ca dch qu. c/ Phng php thc hin: Chn nguyn liu phi ch: Maltodextrin. Da vo nng cht kh ban u, tnh ton khi lng maltodextrin cn thit cho mt m sn xut, sau khi phi trn nng cht kh t yu cu cho qu trnh sy phun. Dng bm vn chuyn dung dch puree thit b phi trn c cnh khuy, ri b sung maltodextrin vo thc hin qu trnh phi trn. Thng s: yu cu kh dch qu sau khi phi trn l 25% . 2.7 ng ha: a/ Mc ch: Gim kch thc phn tht qu chanh dy, tng kh nng phn tn, l lng ca tht qu, gim hin tng tch lp. To puree ng nht, kt hp vi ph gia to nn dng l lng. b/ Bin i: Phn tht qu gim kch thc ti a, b x nh. Qu trnh ng ha to nhit , xy ra phn ng oxy ha gy sm mu, lm tht thot dinh dng, gy bin tnh protein. c/ Thit b: S dng thit b ng ha p lc cao. 2.8 Sy phun:

a/ Mc ch: khai thc, ch bin, bo qun. Cung cp nhit lm bc hi nhanh nc trong dch sau phi trn qu to sn phm dng bt vi m thp bo qun c lu hn. L qu trnh ch bin, nng cao hm lng cht dinh dng cho sn phm, gim th tch bao b, khi lng vn chuyn. b/ Bin i: - Vt l: th tch gim, khi lng gim, khi lng ring tng. - Ha l: Hin tng chuyn pha t lng sang hi ca m trong qu trnh sy.Mt s cht thm bay hi theo m v b phn hy do nhit gy tn tht cht thm. Ngc li mt s hng thm c pht huy hay to thnh trong qu trnh sy do phn ng maillard, caramenv mi nu ca furfurol lm gim gi tr cm quan - Ha hc: C 2 khuynh hng Tc ha hc tng cao ln do nhit vt liu tng nh: phn hy vitamin, phn ng oxy ha, phn ng maillard gia ng kh v acid amin to mu cho sn phm(c li). Tc phn ng ha hc chm i do lng nc gim dn, enzyme b v hot do nhit cao lc sau: phn ng thy phn, oxy ha,.. - Protein, tinh bt, ng b bin i. - Sinh hc: c ch mt phn vi sinh vt trn b mt vt liu, ko di thi gian bo qun. - Cm quan: nguyn liu chuyn t dng lng sang dng cu trc mn, mu sc mi v thay i. c/ Phng php thc hin: Thit b: s dng thit b sy phun. Thng s qu trnh: nhit u vo dng khng kh nng:1650C 2.9 Hon thin:

a)mc ch: hon thin sn phm Phi trn thm ng, cht mu, hng, cc vitamin, lm tng gi tr cm quan ca sn phm, to s hp dn i vi ngi tiu dng. Bng cch thay i thnh phn t l cc cht trong hn hp sn phm, c th to ra c nhiu mu sc, hng v khc nhau. b) Bin i: vt l: thay i v khi lng ring, dn nhit, th tch. Ha hc: tng thnh phn cc cht trong hn hp Cm quan: tng v ngt, v chua, mu sc v tng mi thm cho sn phm. c)Phng php thc hin: Trn cc cht ng, vitamin C, hng liu theo t l nht nh t c cht lng sn phm theo yu cu. Qu trnh phi trn c thc hin nhit phng v p sut phng Thit b s dng thit b hnh tr y nn, bn trong thit b c gn cnh khuy. 2.10 ng gi: a) mc ch: hon thin, nhm to thun li cho ngi tiu dng, sn phm c trng lng ph hp cho ngi tiu dng s dng, bn cnh lm tng tnh thm m v thu ht ngi tiu dng. Bo qun: bao b gip bo v sn phm trnh khi nh hng khng tt ca mi trng xung quanh nh: m, nht , nh sng,.. b) bin i: khng ng k c)phng php: qu trnh ng gi c thc hin nhit phng.

Chng 3:

La chn thit b

3.1 Bng ti con ln: Thc hin phn loi th cng trn bng ti con ln .

Nguyn tc ht ng ca thit b : thit b gm h thng con ln hnh trn gn lin vi h thng dy xch chuyn ng. Bng ti con ln c kh nng lt mi pha ca qu, nh c th pht hin cc vt h hng. Bng ti chuyn ng mang theo chanh dy,cng nhn phn loi ng theo bng ti s quan st v la chn loi ra cc qu cha t yu cu theo kinh nghim v cc ch tiu t ra.Bng ti c vn tc 0.12-0.15m/s,nu vn tc ln hn s nht st. Chiu rng bng ti khng qu ln,nu b tr lm vic hai bn th rng n 80100 cm l va. Nguyn liu phi dn mng u trn bng ti th vic chn la mi khng b st.

Bng thng s k thut bng ti con ln: Cng sut Vn tc bng ti 3.2 My ra: Nguyn tc hot ng: qu trnh ra bao gm hai giai on: ngm v ra xi. Nguyn liu c bng chiu a vo bn,ti y nguyn liu c ngm trong nc ng thi c bng chuyn a t t ln khu vc ra xi. Trong khu vc ra xi,nc c phun mnh t trn xung di nhm loi b cc tp cht c trn v, d lng thuc tr su Nc trong qu trnh c ra v lc v bm tr li. Ra xi: Dng tia nc phun (p sut 2-3at) hay hoa sen xi, dng dng nc chy ko cht bn sau khi ngm, nc ra phi lm lnh v sch Bng thng s k thut ca my ra. 0.55 kw 0.12-0.15 m/s Kich thc Nh sn xut 4000x100x1200mm Huanya- trung quc

model Nng sut Cng sut

CXJ-2 2t/h 1.76kw

Kch thc Tiu chun Hng sn xut

2350x910x1600mm ISO HUANYU China

3.3 My Ct - Tch rut qu: Thng sk thut my tch rut Nng sut Kch thc 2 tn/h 1680x1500x980mm Hng sn xut ng c Ching Tan machineri Works 7.88kw

My ra 3.4 Thit b enzym:

my tch

Thit b gm ni hnh tr n,c lp cnh khuy ng dng tm vi mc ch o trn cc nguyn liu. Khi cnh khuy quay s to ra ng nng y khi cht lng chuyn ng trong lng thit b,gip o trn ng u thit b. S dng thit b hnh tr y nn, c lp v o gia nhit,n nh nhit, bn trong thit b c gn cnh khuy. Khi lng chanh dy cn trong mt m l 614,8 kg, chon h s cha y thit b l 0.7.th tch bnh phi trn l V= 614,8/0,7 = 878,3 KG Chn bn phi trn c th tch l 1000 lt. Thng s k thut

Model Th tch thng cha p sut lm vic Nhit lm vic Tc cnh khuy ng knh ng dn

LRG-1000 1000L 0.25 Mpa 100oc

Kch thc(DxD1xHxH1) Cng sut ng c Hng sn xut Ch tiu

1300x1100x1200x2850 mm 1,1 kw Zhjieng DaYu lighttrung quc GMP-ISO Thp khng g SUS304.316 300kg

0-720 vng/pht Vt liu 60mm Khi lng

3.5 My ch: s dng my ch cnh p. Nguyn tc hot ng:theo 2 nguyn tc. B phn ch gm c trc quay lm bng thp khng g, gn ccs cnh p bng g c np cao su, hoc cnh p thp, hoc cc roi thp. Cnh p lp nghing so vi ng sinh ca trc quay 1 gc 1,5-2oc . Do c gc nghing ny m nguyn liu di chuyn theo ng xon c v b c un ra ngoi cui my. Vn tc ca trc quay l khong 700 rpm. Ry trn c nh bng thp khng g, c c nhiu l nh.Vi nc qu c, thng dng l ry khong 0,5-0,75mm. Thng s k thut Model Vt liu Nng sut Kch thc(LxWxH) LZ 1.5 SUS304 1,5T/H 1,560x960x1,340mm ng knh trc vt Tc xoay trc vt Kch thc mng l c ng c Hng sx 175mm 400v/p 0,3mm 4kw Trung quc

My ch 3.6 Thit b phi trn: Nguyn tc hot ng : Bn hnh tr bn trong c lp cnh khuy.

thit b phi trn

Thit b gm ni hnh tr c lp cnh khuy ng tm vi mc ch o trn cc nguyn liu.khi cnh khuy quay s to ra ng nng y khi cht logr chuyn ng trong lng thit b.S dng thit b hnh tr y nn, c lp v o gia nhit, n nh nhit, bn trong c gn cnh khuy. Khi lng chanh dy cn phi trn 1 m l 619,4 kg,h s cha y thit b l 0,7 Model Th tch thng cha p sut lm vic Nhit lm vic Tc cnh khuy LRG-1000 1000L 0.25 Mpa 100oc Kch thc(DxD1xHxH1) Cng sut ng c Hng sn xut Ch tiu 1300x1100x1200x2850 mm 1,1 kw Zhjieng DaYu lighttrung quc GMP-ISO Thp khng g SUS304.316

0-720 vng/pht Vt liu

ng knh ng dn

60mm

Khi lng

300kg

3.7 Thit b ng ha: S dng thit b ng ha p lc cao Bng 3.7 thng s thit b k thut ng ha Model Nng sut p sut lm vic lin tc p sut lm vic ln nht Kch thc nguyn liu trc ng ha Kch thc h nh tng thay ng ho Kch thc(LxWxH) ng c LH 1000-25 1000Lh 20Mpa 25Mpa <30m Nhit lm vic nht nguyn liu th ng knh ng cp liu ng knh ng thot liu Hng sn xut 800C <0,2pa.s 25mm 15mm Minbua machinery (trung quc) 410kg

<5m

Trng lng

1250x950x1300mm Ga thit b 7,5KW

58.000.000VN

Thit b sy phun

thit b ng ha p lc cao

3.8 Thit b sy phun: Bng 3.8 thng s k thut thit b sy phun model Nng sut Kiu phun Cng sut quay a gia nhit caloriphe Tc vng quay a phun Kch thc(DxH) LPG-200 170-210kg/h Li tm, tc cao 43kw 95kw 15000-18000 vng/pht 3660x700mm ng knh a ng knh l phun Nhit u vo Nhit u ra Hiu sut Hng sn xut 150mm 0,8mm 130-200 70-90 >95% Changzhou Jiangsu Co.,Ltd.China

3.9 thit b phi trn: Nguyn tc hot ng: S dng my trn thng quay y cn, c cu to gm: thng cha vt liu c truyn ng quay qua cc gi hay cc trc c gn vi cc thng. Khi thng quay, di tc dng ca cc lc ly tm, VL trong thng s c nng ln v ri xung to s o trn trong khi vt liu . Thit b hot ng lin tc, vic nhp v tho liu c tin hnh thng qua hai l hai u ca thng trn , thng trn c t nghing 1 gc so vi mt phng ngang to s duy chuyn d dng cho vt liu. Thit b c cu to n gin, nng sut ln. 3.10 thit b ng gi: Nguyn tc hot ng:

Nguyn liu c a vo phu nhp liu, valve nh lng m ra sn phm vo y piston, valve t ng ng li v m ca tho liu tho xung bao b di. Ta nh lng thc phm da vo chnh piston nh lng. Bao b c cu to t mng plastic loi mt mnh cun li c ghp m theo ng gia thn bng phng php hn nhit. Bao b s c hn y, sau khi rt sn phm vo trong bao b s c b phn ca my hn phn ming ca ti. V THNH PHM

THNH VIN NHM 1-DNG NG M KIM DUNG 2-V THANH HN 3-TRNH TH M HNH 4-TNG XUN HA 5-L VN KHNH

6-NGUYN TH THC TRINH 7-NGUYN THI VIT 8- DNG TH THY VINH