Tnh hung 1

1 LC qui nh:
Cm giao hng tng phn.
Hng c giao t cng Bunsan, Hn Quc.
Hng ha l xe ti hieeuh Huynhdai, s lng 25 chic.
Nh XK HQ xut trnh cc vn on.
V 1: Cp 07/02/2009 th hin s lng xe :10 chic, giao hng t cng
Ulsan, tu Hanjin V, cng d hng l cng SG.
V 2: Cp 07/02/2009, s xe: 5 chic, t cng Ulsan n cng SG, trn
tu Hanjin V.
V 3: Cp 15/02/2009 s xe: 10 chic t cng Qung Chu, TQ n cng
SG, trn tu Hanjin V.
a. Ngy giao hng c nhn nh l ngy no?
b. Ngi XK trong TH ny c vi pham qui nh cm giao hng tng phn ca
LC hay khng, tai sao?
c. NHPH t chi cc V xut trnh trn, anh (ch) c nhn xt g v quyt
nh ca ngn hng?
Tr li:
Theo iu 31(b) UCP 600:
Vic xut trnh nhiu b chng t vn ti chi r vic giao hng c thuc
hin trn cng 1 phong tin vn chuyn, cng chung 1 hnh trnh ngay c khi
ngy giao hng khc nhau, cng bc hng khc nhau th khng c coi l giao
hng tng phn.
Nu xut trnh nhiu b chng t vn ti, ngy giao hng sau cng trn
bt c chng t vn ti no s c coi l ngy giao hng.
Theo :
a. Ngy giao hng l ngy 15/02/2009.
b. Ngi xut khu trong trng hp ny khng vi pham qui nh giao hng
tng phn v trong 3 ln giao hng, tuy ngy giao hng v cng bc hng khc
nhau nhng vic giao hng c thuc hin trn cng 1 phong tin l tu
Hanjin V v cng chung 1 hnh trnh n cng Si Gn, VN.
c. NHPH t chi vic xut trnh cc vn on trn l ng v cng bc hng
c qui nh trn LC l cng Busan, Hn Quc trong khi trn 3 vn on th
hin:
Ln vn chuyn 1: cng Ulsan, HQ.
Ln vn chuyn 2: cng Ulsan, HQ.
1
Ln vn chuyn 3: cng Qung Chu, TQ.
Nh vy, do cng bc hng khng ph hp vi LC nn NHPH t chi vic
xut trnh vn on l hp l.
Tnh hung 2
1 LC c ni dung nh sau:
LC khng th hy ngang.
M tin, s tin: khong 50,000 USD.
Giao hng tng phn: cho php.
LC c gi tr thanh ton tai bt k ngn hng no bng thong lng.
Cc chng t c yu cu:
Ha on: 3 bn gc.
Giy CN xut x.
Vn on: tron b 3 bn gc, V sach, bc hng ln tu v thng bo
cho ngi ngh m LC.
Ngi thu hng mang b chng t i thong lng tai NH XYZ. NH
ny sau khi kim tra, quyt nh chit khu min truy i, xut trnh i tin NH
ABC. NH ABC sau khi kim tra v gi thng bo t chi thanh ton cho NH XYZ
vi l do:
Ha on thong mai khng c ch k nh XK.
C/O do ngi thu hng pht hnh.
Gi tr b chng t 20,000 USD (< 50,000 USD theo LC).
Trn V c muc:
Consignee: SFOCO (nh NK).
Vic t chi thanh ton ca NH ABC c hp l khng, gii thch?
Tr li:
NH ABC gi thng bo t chi cho NH XYZ vi l do:
Hp ng thong mai khng c ch k ca nh XK.
Theo iu 18a (V), UCP 600: Ha on thong mai khng nht thit phi
c k. Do , l do ny l bt hp l.
Certificate of Original do ngi thu hng pht hnh.
Theo iu 14(f) UCP 600: Nu LC yu cu xut trnh 1 chng t m
khng phi l chng t vn ti, chng t bo him, ha on thong mai m
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khng qui nh ngi pht hnh hoc ni dung d liu th NH vn s chp nhn
nu ni dung ca n p ng c chc nng ca chng t c yu cu.
Do LC khng yu cu C/O do co quan t chc cu th no pht hnh nn
l do t chi LC trn l bt hp l.
Gi tr b chng t l 20.000 USD
Theo iu 31(a), UCP 600: Giao hng v tr tin tng phn l c php
y l loai LC cho php giao hng tng phn nn vic thanh ton b
chng t ny l chp nhn c.
Trn vn on, muc consignee nh XK: Sifoco. iu ny th
hin y l vn on ch danh, khng c php chuyn nhng.
V vy, iu khon t chi ny l hp l.
Do c 1 trong 4 l do a ra (l do th 4) t chi thanh ton l hp l
nn quyt nh ca NH ABC l tha ng.
Tnh hung 3
1 LC c qui nh nh sau:
100 MT ha cht A (dung sai 5%), thi han giao mun nht
15/05/2009.
200 MT ha cht B (dung sai 5%), thi han giao mun nht
25/05/2009.
Giao hng tng phn: cho php.
LC dn chiu UCP 600.
Thuc t:
18/05/2009 NH nhn c b chng t xut trnh giao hng ln u: 90
MT ha cht A, giao hng ngy 14/05/2009.
Hi:
a. NH c th bt li hng thiu hay khng v 15/05 phn hng cn thiu
c th tip tuc c giao.
b. Nu 30/05 bc chng t xut trnh nhng vn khng thy 10 MT hng
thiu cha giao, NH t chi c hay khng (c th giao 200 MT ha cht
B)?
Tr li:
a. NH c th t chi thanh ton vi b chng t c xut trnh ngy
18/05/2009 do lng hng thiu vt mc dung sai (5 MT) khi cha c bt c
bng chng no cho thy vo han cui l ngy 15/05 hng c th tip tuc c
giao.
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b. Ngy 30/05/2009, b chng t xut trnh cho thy 10 MT ha cht A
cn lai cha c giao (mc d c th giao 200 MT ha cht B), NH t
chi thanh ton do theo iu 32 UCP 600, LC qui nh vic tr tin v giao hng
tng thi k nht nh nhng nu c bt k ln no khng thanh ton hay khng
giao hng trong k dnh cho ln th tn dung khng c gi tr trong ln v c
nhng ln tip theo.
Tnh hung 4:
15/12/2009 NH First Bank (VN) pht hnh LC (UC 600) theo yu cu
ca cty AGRPRO (VN) cho ngi thu hng l cty PACFC (Singapore). NHTB
l Eastern Bank, LC c ni dung:
Currency code and amount: about USD 83,000.00
Partial shipment: allowed.
Available with any bank by negotiation.
Document required:
9 original(s) commercial invoice issued by the beneficiary lading make out to
the order f First Bank mark freight prepaid and notify to the applicant.
2 original(s) C/O.
Original(s) full set off insurance policy or certificate endorsed in blank for
110 PCT of invoice value, covering all risks, showing claim payable at HCMC,
VN.
Hi:
a. Hy trnh by qui trnh thanh ton ca giao dch LC ni trn trong TH
LC c gi tr thanh ton tai First Bank.
b. Khi thng bo LC, Eastern Bank yu cu cty Pacific kim tra LC trc
khi giao hng. Hy cho bit tai sao cty Pacific cn kim tra LC v nhng yu t
no cn xem xt khi kim tra LC?
c. Sau khi nhn c v kim tra b chng t, FB gi thng bo t
chi thanh ton b chng t vi cc l do:
Commercial invoice khng c ch k pht hnh ca ngi thu
hng.
B/L th hin muc Freight to collect v muc Consignee l
AGRPRO (VN).
Muc nsurance condition trn insurance policy th hin iu kin
m bo l all risks nhng lai c ri ro loai tr.
Gi tr b chng t chi c USD 46,000.00, thp hon gi tr LC.
4
Hy cho bit vic t chi LC ca FB hp l hay khng, gii thch
tng trng hp?
Tr li:
a. Qui trnh thanh ton
1. Hai bn mua bn k kt hp ng ngoai thong vi iu khon thanh ton
theo phong thc LC
2. Nh NK lm on yu cu m LC tai NH phuc vu mnh
3. NHPH lp LC theo yu cu ca nh NK, cn c vo on yu cu m LC:
ng / khng ng
4. Khi nhn c LC, NHTB kim tra LC v thng bo LC cho nh XK.
5. Nh XK kim tra LC, nu ph hp th tin hnh giao hng, nu khng ph
hp th yu cu nh NK sa i, b sung cho ph hp.
6a.Nh XK lp b chng t theo yu cu ca LC gi cho NHPH thng qua
NHTB
6b.NHTB gi b h so cho NHPH yu cu thanh ton hoc chp nhn thanh
ton.
7a.NHPH kim tra b chng t:
Hp l: tin hnh thanh ton hoc chp nhn thanh ton.
Bt hp l: t chi thanh ton.
7b.NHTB:
Hp l: thng bo vic thanh ton hoc chp nhn thanh ton cho ngi
thu hng.
Nh XK
Agripro
Nh NK
Pacific
NH thng bo
Eastern Bank
NH pht hnh
irst Bank
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4
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a
Bt hp l: thng bo vic t chi thanh ton cho nh XK
8. NHPH giao b chng t cho nh NK v i tin.
b. Cty Pacific phi kim tra chng t trc khi giao hng nhm m bo
cho vic c thanh ton sau ny. Nhng yu t no cn xem xt khi kim tra
LC dua vo iu 14 (d, e, f, h, i, j, k, l), UCP 600.
c. Phn tch cc l do t chi ca FB
Commercial invoice khng c ch k pht hnh ca ngi thu
hng.
Theo iu 18a (V), UCP 600: Ha on thong mai khng nht thit phi
c k. Do , l do ny l bt hp l.
B/L th hin muc Freight to collect v muc Consignee l
AGRPRO (VN).
y l vn on ch danh (c gi tr thanh ton tai First Bank) v c cc ph tr
sau nn 2 muc trn ghi AGRPRO (ngi nhn hng) l hp l. Do , l do t
chi ny l bt hp l
Muc nsurance condition trn insurance policy th hin iu kin
m bo l all risks nhng lai c ri ro loai tr.
Theo iu 28(h) UCP 600: nu LC yu cu bo him all risks v chng t bo
him c xut trnh c iu khon ghi all risks th chng t bo him vn
c chp nhn m khng cn phi xem mt s ri ro no c b loai tr hay
khng. Do vy, l do t chi trn l bt hp l.
Gi tr b chng t chi c USD 46,000.00, thp hon gi tr LC
Theo iu 31a, UCP 600: Giao hng v tr tin tng phn l c php
y l loai LC cho php giao hng tng phn nn vic thanh ton b
chng t ny l chp nhn c.
Tng hp cc gii thch trn cho thy vic t chi LC ca FB l khng hp
l.
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