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Bin i cosin ri rc (DCT) i din cho mt hnh nh nh l mt tng hp ca xoang khc nhau
ln v tn s. Cc dct2 chc nng tnh ton chiu hai bin i cosin ri rc (DCT) ca mt hnh
nh. DCT c ti sn , mt hnh nh tiu biu, hu ht cc thng tin trc quan ng k v hnh
nh l tp trung ch trong mt vi h s ca cc DCT. V l do ny, DCT l thng c s dng
trong cc ng dng nn hnh nh. V d, DCT l trung tm ca cc thut ton tiu chun quc t
tn hao nn hnh nh c bit n di dng JPEG. (Tn n t nhm lm vic pht trin cc tiu
chun: Joint Photographic Experts Group)
DCT hai chiu ca M-by-N ma trn A c nh ngha nh sau.
Phng trnh DCT nghch o c th c gii thch nh c ngha rng bt k ma trn M-by- N c
th c vit nh mt tng hp ca MN chc nng ca biu mu
Tn s ngang tng t tri sang phi, v tng tn s dc t trn xung di. C s chc nng c gi
tr khng i pha trn bn tri l thng c gi l c s chc nng DC, v DCT tng ng
h s B 00 thng c gi l h s DC .
Quay li
C hai cch tnh ton DCT s dng phn mm Hp cng c x l nh. Cc phng php u tin
l s dng chc nng dct2 . dct2 s dng mt thut ton da trn FFT tnh ton nhanh
chng vi u vo ln . Phng php th hai l s dng DCT bin i ma trn , c tr li chc
nng dctmtx v c th c hiu qu hn cho cc u vo vung nh, chng hn nh 8-8 hoc 16by-16 . M-by-M bin i ma trn T c cho bi
DCT v nn hnh nh
Trong cc thut ton nn hnh nh JPEG, hnh nh u vo c chia thnh 8-by-8 hoc 16-16 khi,
v DCT hai chiu c tnh ton cho mi khi. Cc h s DCT lng t ha, m ha, v truyn. Cc
nhn JPEG (hoc c file JPEG) gii m lng t h s DCT, tnh DCT hai chiu ngc ca mi khi,
v sau t cc khi li vi nhau thnh mt hnh nh duy nht. i vi hnh nh in hnh, nhiu
ca cc h s DCT c gi tr gn bng khng, cc h s ny c th c loi b m khng nh
hng nghim trng n cht lng ca hnh nh ti to.
M v d di y tnh DCT hai chiu ca 8-8 khi trong hnh nh u vo, loi b (b bng khng)
tt c, nhng 10 trong s 64 h s DCT trong mi khi, v sau dng li hnh nh bng cch s
dng hai chiu ngc DCT ca mi khi. Phng php tnh ton ma trn bin i c s dng.
= Imread ( 'cameraman.tif' );
I = im2double (I);
T = dctmtx (8);
DCT = @ (block_struct) T * block_struct.data * T ';
B = blockproc (I, [8 8], DCT);
mask = [1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
B2 = blockproc (B, [8 8], (block_struct) mt n .* block_struct.data);
invdct = (block_struct) T * block_struct.data * T;
I2 = blockproc (B2, [8 8], invdct);
imshow (I), con s, imshow (I2)
C hai cch tnh ton DCT s dng phn mm Hp cng c x l nh. Cc phng php u tin
l s dng chc nng dct2 . dct2 s dng mt thut ton da trn FFT tnh ton nhanh
chng vi u vo ln . Phng php th hai l s dng DCT bin i ma trn , c tr li chc
nng dctmtx v c th c hiu qu hn cho cc u vo vung nh, chng hn nh 8-8 hoc 16by-16 . M-by-M bin i ma trn T c cho bi
DCT v nn hnh nh
Trong cc thut ton nn hnh nh JPEG, hnh nh u vo c chia thnh 8-by-8 hoc 16-16 khi,
v DCT hai chiu c tnh ton cho mi khi. Cc h s DCT lng t ha, m ha, v truyn. Cc
nhn JPEG (hoc c file JPEG) gii m lng t h s DCT, tnh DCT hai chiu ngc ca mi khi,
v sau t cc khi li vi nhau thnh mt hnh nh duy nht. i vi hnh nh in hnh, nhiu
ca cc h s DCT c gi tr gn bng khng, cc h s ny c th c loi b m khng nh
hng nghim trng n cht lng ca hnh nh ti to.
M v d di y tnh DCT hai chiu ca 8-8 khi trong hnh nh u vo, loi b (b bng khng)
tt c, nhng 10 trong s 64 h s DCT trong mi khi, v sau dng li hnh nh bng cch s
dng hai chiu ngc DCT ca mi khi. Phng php tnh ton ma trn bin i c s dng.
= Imread ( 'cameraman.tif' );
I = im2double (I);
T = dctmtx (8);
DCT = @ (block_struct) T * block_struct.data * T ';
B = blockproc (I, [8 8], DCT);
mask = [1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
B2 = blockproc (B, [8 8], (block_struct) mt n .* block_struct.data);
invdct = (block_struct) T * block_struct.data * T;
I2 = blockproc (B2, [8 8], invdct);
imshow (I), con s, imshow (I2)
http://www.mathworks.com/help/toolbox/images/f21-16366.html#f21-16149