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Bi 9: Nh nc x hi ch ngha.
1. Ngun gc v bn cht ca nh nc
a) Ngun gc ca nh nc
- XH cng sn nguyn thy cha c nh nc v:
+ Trnh ca LLSX cn thp km, khi lng sn phm ch nhu cu ti thiu ca
cc thnh vin trong xh.
+ Khng c d tha lm ca ring, cha c t hu v ti sn, cha c s phn chia
giai cp, cha c s bc lt, do cha c nh nc.
- Nh nc u tin trong lch s xut hin:
+ Thi k cui ca XH CSNT LLSX pht trin, s phn cng lao ng XH c m
rng lm cho NSL tng ln, sn phm ngy cng nhiu, xut hin iu kin chim ot ca
ci d tha lm ti sn ring, ngi c a v (t trng, th lnh qun s) chim ot ti sn.
+ Nh vy, qu trnh t hu ti sn din ra, ch t hu hnh thnh, xh phn chia
thnh g/c i lp nhau: g/c bc lt v g/c b bc lt.
+ Do li ch i lp nn mu thun g/c ngy cng gay gt khng th iu ho; duy
tr qun l xh, i hi mt t chc quyn lc mi, t chc do g/c chim u th v kinh t
thit lp s thng tr g/c bo v li ch v a v ca mnh. T chc l nh nc.
b) Bn cht ca nh nc
Nh nc l sn phm ca x hi c giai cp, do nh nc bao gi cng mang bn
cht giai cp ca mt giai cp nht nh giai cp thng tr.
Bn cht g/c ca nh nc th hin:
- Nh nc l b my dng duy tr s thng tr ca g/c ny i vi g/c khc.
Giai cp thng tr s dng nh nc duy tr quyn lc v kinh t, chnh tr v t
tng i vi x hi. Thng qua nh nc g/c thng tr v KT, tr thnh g/c thng tr v
chnh tr v t tng; ch ca g/c thng tr th hin thnh ch ca nh nc, bt buc mi
ngi phi tun theo.
- Nh nc l b my trn p c bit ca giai cp ny i vi giai cp khc.
Lc lng nh qun i , nh t, cnh st... bo v a v thng tr v li ch ca
mnh v n p cc giai cp b thng tr.
2. Nh nc php quyn XHCN Vit Nam
a) Th no l nh nc php quyn XHCN Vit Nam
- Nh nc php quyn l NN qun l mi mt i sng XH bng php lut, mi hot
ng ca cc c quan nh nc v cng dn u c thc hin trn c s php lut.
Bi 10: Nn dn ch x hi ch ngha.
1. Bn cht ca nn dn ch x hi ch ngha.
a. Khi nim dn ch
Dn ch l quyn lc thuc v nhn dn, l quyn lm ch ca nhn dn.
b. Bn cht ca nn dn ch XHCN.
Nn dn ch XHCN l nn dn ch ca qung i qun chng nhn dn, c thc
hin ch yu bng Nh nc, di s lnh o ca ng Cng sn.
Phng din th hin:
+ Mang bn cht giai cp cng nhn.
+ Cng hu v t liu sn xut
+ Ly h t tng Mc Lnin lm nn tng tinh thn ca x hi.
+ Dn ch ca nhn dn lao ng.
+ Gn lin vi php lut, k lut, k cng.
2. Xy dng nn dn ch XHCN Vit Nam.
a. Ni dung ca dn ch trong lnh vc kinh t. (c thm)
b. Ni dung ca dn ch trong lnh vc chnh tr.
- Mi quyn lc thuc v nhn dn, trc l nhn dn lao ng.
* Biu hin:
+ Quyn bu c v ng c vo c quan quyn lc nh nc.
+ Quyn tham gia qun l nh nc v x hi.
+ Quyn kin ngh vi c quan nh nc.
+ Quyn c t do ngn lun, bo ch, thng tin.
* Ngha v ca cng dn:
Cng dn phi c ngha v bo v T quc, tham gia bo v an ninh quc gia, gi gn
trt t, an ton x hi.
c. Ni dung ca dn ch trong lnh vc vn ha.
Dn ch trong lnh vc vn ha l thc hin quyn lm ch ca cng dn trong lnh
vc vn ha.
* Biu hin:
+ Quyn c tham gia i sng vn ha, ngh thut.
+ Quyn c hng li ch t sng to vn ha, ngh thut ca chnh mnh.
* Nhim v:
+ Xy dng nn vn ha tin tin, m bn sc dn tc.
+ Xy dng con ngi Vit Nam pht trin ton din.
b) Phng hng c bn xy dng nn vn ha tin tin, m bn sc dn
tc.
- Lm cho Ch ngha Mc Lnin, t tng H Ch Minh gi vai tr ch o trong
i sng tinh thn ca nhn dn.
- K tha v pht huy nhng di sn v truyn thng vn ha ca dn tc.
- Tip thu tinh hoa vn ha ca nhn loi.
- Nng cao hiu bit v mc hng th vn ha, pht huy tim nng sng to vn ha
ca nhn dn.
4. Trch nhim ca cng dn i vi chnh sch gio dc v o to, khoa hc v
cng ngh, vn ha.
- Tin tng, chp hnh ng li ch trng ca ng.
- Thng xuyn nng cao trnh hc vn.
- Trau di phm cht o c.
- C quan h tt vi mi ngi xung quanh.